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Exhibit 99.1

RAIT Financial Trust Announces First Quarter 2016 Financial Results

 

PHILADELPHIA, PA — May 9, 2016 — RAIT Financial Trust (“RAIT”) (NYSE: RAS) today announced first quarter 2016 financial results.  All per share results are reported on a diluted basis.  

 

Highlights

 

 

-

Cash Available for Distribution (“CAD”) per share of $0.14 for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 compared to $0.18 for the quarter ended March 31, 2015.  We have changed our calculation of CAD to exclude the impact from real estate property sales. See Schedule VI for our definition of CAD and the rationale for this change.

 

 

-

GAAP Earnings (loss) per share of $(0.20) for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 compared to earnings (loss) per share of $(0.09) for the quarter ended March 31, 2015.

 

 

-

RAIT originated $40.5 million of loans during the quarter ended March 31, 2016.

 

 

-

RAIT paid a first quarter dividend of $0.09 per common share on April 29, 2016.

 

 

-

RAIT retired $29.2 million of 7% convertible senior notes in April 2016.

 

Scott Schaeffer, RAIT’s Chairman and CEO, said, “During the quarter the portfolio delivered $0.14 of CAD which more than covered the $0.09 per share quarterly common dividend.  We originated approximately $40 million of primarily floating-rate loans during the quarter as we are ramping towards our sixth floating-rate securitization later this year.  Our property portfolio, particularly our multi-family portfolio, is performing well and we are seeing positive momentum in our office portfolio.”

Commercial Real Estate (“CRE”) Business

 

 

-

RAIT originated $40.5 million of loans during the quarter ended March 31, 2016 consisting of $8.8 million of fixed-rate conduit loans and $31.7 million of floating-rate bridge loans.  

 

 

-

CRE loan repayments were $55.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2016.

 

CRE Property Portfolio & Property Sales

 

 

-

As of March 31, 2016, RAIT’s investments in real estate were $2.5 billion which includes $1.4 billion of multi-family properties owned by Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (“IRT”) (NYSE MKT: IRT).  IRT is externally advised by RAIT and is a consolidated RAIT entity. IRT is a REIT focused on owning multifamily properties. At March 31, 2016, RAIT owned 15.4% of IRT’s outstanding common stock.

 

 

-

During the quarter ended March 31, 2016, RAIT sold two properties, consisting of an apartment community and an office property, for $16.7 million and generated net proceeds of approximately $0.4 million after costs and full repayment of the underlying debt. IRT sold one apartment community for $18.0 million and generated net proceeds of approximately $9.7 million after costs and full repayment of the underlying debt.

 

 

-

RAIT reported a $3.9 million asset impairment for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 on an office property in Woodlawn, Maryland.  This property is currently under contract to be sold.

 

Asset & Property Management

 

 

-

Total assets under management of $5.9 billion at March 31, 2016.

 

 

-

RAIT’s property management companies managed 19,362 apartment units and 21.3 million square feet of office and retail space at March 31, 2016.

 

 

-

RAIT generated $3.0 million in asset and property management fees and incentive fees through its external management of IRT during the quarter ended March 31, 2016.

 


 

 

-

RAIT generated $2.3 million of property management and leasing fees primarily through its retail property manager subsidiary and through services provided by its multi-family property manager subsidiary to unaffiliated properties during the quarter ended March 31, 2016. 

 

Dividends

 

 

-

On March 14, 2016, RAIT’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) declared a first quarter 2016 cash dividend on RAIT’s common shares of $0.09 per common share. The dividend was paid on April 29, 2016 to holders of record on April 8, 2016.

 

 

-

On February 16, 2016, the Board declared a first quarter 2016 cash dividend of $0.484375 per share on RAIT’s 7.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, $0.5234375 per share on RAIT’s 8.375% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares and $0.5546875 per share on RAIT’s 8.875% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares. The dividends were paid on March 31, 2016 to holders of record on March 1, 2016.

 

2016 CAD Guidance

 

As stated above, we’ve changed our definition of CAD to exclude real estate gains.  We are re-affirming our 2016 CAD estimate range previously described as CAD, without real estate gains, of $0.50 - $0.60 per common share.  A reconciliation of RAIT's projected net income (loss) allocable to common shares to its projected CAD, a non-GAAP financial measure, is included below. The assumptions underlying this estimate are also included below.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2016 Annualized Projected CAD(1)(2)

Net income (loss) available to common shares

 

$(53,560)

-

$(44,460)

 

Adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

88,579

-

88,579

 

Real estate (gains) losses

(34,258)

-

(34,258)

 

Other items, including deferred fees, stock compensation, and noncontrolling interest allocation of certain adjustments

45,012

-

45,012

 

CAD

 

 

 

 

$45,773

-

$54,873

 

CAD per share

 

 

 

 

$0.50

-

$0.60

 

 

(1)

We have changed our calculation of CAD to exclude the impact from real estate property sales. See Schedule VI for our definition of CAD and the rationale for this change.

 

(2)

Constitutes forward-looking information.  Actual full 2016 CAD could vary significantly from the projections presented.  CAD may fluctuate based upon a variety of factors, including those described in “Forward Looking Statements” below.  Our estimate is based on the following key operating assumptions during 2016:

 

 

-

Gross loan originations of $200 million to $500 million.

 

-

No CMBS gain on sale profits.

 

-

Loan repayments totaling $200 million.

 

Selected Financial Information

 

See Schedule I to this Release for selected financial information for RAIT.

 

Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Definitions

 

RAIT discloses the following non-GAAP financial measures in this release: funds from operations (“FFO”), CAD and net operating income (“NOI”).  A reconciliation of RAIT’s reported net income (loss) allocable to common shares to its FFO and CAD is included as Schedule IV to this release. A reconciliation of RAIT’s NOI to its reported net income (loss) is included as Schedule V to this release. See Schedule VI to this release for management’s respective definitions and rationales for the usefulness of each of these non-GAAP financial measures and other definitions used in this release.

 


 

Supplemental Information

 

RAIT produces supplemental information that includes details regarding the performance of the portfolio, financial information, non-GAAP financial measures and other useful information for investors.  The supplemental also contains deconsolidating financial information. The supplemental information is available via the Company's website, www.rait.com, through the "Investor Relations" section.

 

Conference Call

 

All interested parties can listen to the live conference call webcast at 10:00 AM ET on Monday, May 9, 2016 from the home page of the RAIT Financial Trust website at www.rait.com or by dialing 877.787.4169, access code 91318485.  For those who are not available to listen to the live call, the replay will be available shortly following the live call on RAIT’s website and telephonically until Monday, May 16, 2016, by dialing 855.859.2056, access code 91318485.

 

About RAIT Financial Trust

 

RAIT Financial Trust is an internally-managed real estate investment trust that provides debt financing options to owners of commercial real estate and invests directly into commercial real estate properties located throughout the United States.  In addition, RAIT is an asset and property manager of real estate-related assets.  For more information, please visit www.rait.com or call Investor Relations at 215.243.9000.

 

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release may contain certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements can generally be identified by our use of forward-looking terminology such as “guidance,” "may," “plan”, "will," "should," "expect," "intend," "anticipate," "estimate," "believe," “seek,” “opportunities” or other similar words or terms. Because such statements include risks, uncertainties and contingencies, actual results may differ materially from the expectations, intentions, beliefs, plans or predictions of the future expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks, uncertainties and contingencies include, but are not limited to: overall conditions in commercial real estate and the economy generally; whether the timing and amount of investments,  repayments, any capital raised and our use of leverage will vary from those underlying our assumptions; changes in the expected yield of our investments;  changes in financial markets and interest rates, or to the business or financial condition of RAIT or its business; whether RAIT will be able to originate loans in the amounts and generating the returns assumed; the availability of financing and capital, including through the capital and securitization markets; whether RAIT will be able to complete sales of RAIT owned properties, whether identified for sale or under contract, in the amounts and generating the gains assumed; and those disclosed in RAIT’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.  RAIT undertakes no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as may be required by law.

RAIT Financial Trust Contact

Andres Viroslav

215-207-2100

aviroslav@rait.com


 

Schedule I

RAIT Financial Trust

Selected Financial Information

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

($'s in 000's)

 

For the Three Months Ended

 

 

 

March 31,

2016

 

 

December 31,

2015

 

 

September 30, 2015

 

 

June 30,

2015

 

 

March 31,

2015

 

OPERATING DATA:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lending:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investments in loans

 

$

1,612,632

 

 

$

1,623,583

 

 

$

1,588,097

 

 

$

1,506,542

 

 

$

1,504,456

 

Gross loan production

 

$

40,475

 

 

$

321,837

 

 

$

237,674

 

 

$

218,613

 

 

$

218,770

 

CMBS income

 

$

171

 

 

$

1,135

 

 

$

434

 

 

$

3,681

 

 

$

1,996

 

CMBS loans sold

 

$

-

 

 

$

85,430

 

 

$

116,251

 

 

$

130,401

 

 

$

92,897

 

Average CMBS Gain on Sale (points)

 

 

-

 

 

 

1.3

 

 

 

0.4

 

 

 

2.8

 

 

 

2.1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate portfolio: (a)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross real estate investments

 

$

2,487,634

 

 

$

2,517,645

 

 

$

2,448,331

 

 

$

1,783,888

 

 

$

1,833,978

 

Property income

 

$

68,722

 

 

$

69,464

 

 

$

55,459

 

 

$

55,534

 

 

$

53,274

 

Operating expenses

 

$

30,706

 

 

$

31,476

 

 

$

25,832

 

 

$

26,416

 

 

$

25,277

 

Net operating income

 

$

38,016

 

 

$

37,988

 

 

$

29,627

 

 

$

29,118

 

 

$

27,997

 

NOI margin

 

 

55.3

%

 

 

54.7

%

 

 

53.4

%

 

 

52.4

%

 

 

52.6

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EARNINGS & DIVIDENDS:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings per Share -- diluted

 

$

(0.20

)

 

$

0.02

 

 

$

(0.07

)

 

$

0.22

 

 

$

(0.09

)

FFO per share

 

$

(0.07

)

 

$

(0.08

)

 

$

(0.05

)

 

$

0.15

 

 

$

0.05

 

CAD per share

 

$

0.14

 

 

$

0.19

 

 

$

0.20

 

 

$

0.21

 

 

$

0.18

 

Dividends per share

 

$

0.09

 

 

$

0.09

 

 

$

0.18

 

 

$

0.18

 

 

$

0.18

 

CAD payout ratio

 

 

64.3

%

 

 

47.8

%

 

 

66.0

%

 

 

48.8

%

 

 

96.7

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CAPITALIZATION AND COVERAGE RATIOS:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Recourse/Non-Recourse Debt:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Recourse

 

$

509,466

 

 

$

484,764

 

 

$

576,557

 

 

$

486,326

 

 

$

567,301

 

Non-Recourse (a)

 

 

2,733,169

 

 

 

2,843,318

 

 

 

2,593,618

 

 

 

2,150,085

 

 

 

2,094,422

 

Total Recourse/Non-Recourse debt

 

 

3,242,635

 

 

 

3,328,082

 

 

 

3,170,175

 

 

 

2,636,411

 

 

 

2,661,723

 

Preferred shares (par)

 

 

332,187

 

 

 

332,187

 

 

 

332,187

 

 

 

331,733

 

 

 

317,603

 

Common shares (market capitalization)

 

 

288,474

 

 

 

247,284

 

 

 

450,854

 

 

 

506,493

 

 

 

568,594

 

Noncontrolling interests, at carrying value (a)

 

 

331,328

 

 

 

340,213

 

 

 

346,063

 

 

 

204,034

 

 

 

208,894

 

Total capitalization

 

$

4,194,624

 

 

$

4,247,766

 

 

$

4,299,279

 

 

$

3,678,671

 

 

$

3,756,814

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Liabilities/Total Gross Assets

 

 

77.7

%

 

 

77.7

%

 

 

77.0

%

 

 

77.4

%

 

 

77.9

%

Total Liabilities + Preferred/Total Gross Assets

 

 

85.0

%

 

 

84.9

%

 

 

84.5

%

 

 

86.3

%

 

 

86.4

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest Coverage

 

 

1.85

x

 

 

1.94

x

 

 

1.81

x

 

 

2.12

x

 

 

1.93

x

Interest + Preferred Coverage

 

 

1.49

x

 

 

1.55

x

 

 

1.42

x

 

 

1.63

x

 

 

1.50

x

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OTHER KEY BENCHMARKS:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Assets Under Management (AUM)

 

$

5,854,824

 

 

$

5,923,601

 

 

$

5,820,702

 

 

$

4,764,259

 

 

$

4,607,413

 

Total Gross Assets

 

$

4,527,191

 

 

$

4,614,254

 

 

$

4,445,411

 

 

$

3,729,031

 

 

$

3,716,069

 

(a)

Includes Independence Realty Trust.  

 


 

Schedule II

RAIT Financial Trust

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

As of March 31, 2016

 

 

As of December 31, 2015

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment in mortgages and loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial mortgages, mezzanine loans, and preferred equity interests

 

$

1,612,632

 

 

$

1,623,583

 

Allowance for loan losses

 

 

(18,165

)

 

 

(17,097

)

Total investment in mortgages and loans, at amortized cost

 

 

1,594,467

 

 

 

1,606,486

 

Investments in real estate, net of accumulated depreciation of $209,421 and $198,326, respectively

 

 

2,278,213

 

 

 

2,319,319

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

 

94,569

 

 

 

125,886

 

Restricted cash

 

 

200,166

 

 

 

213,012

 

Accrued interest receivable

 

 

49,987

 

 

 

47,343

 

Other assets

 

 

73,670

 

 

 

71,207

 

Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $32,228 and $26,307, respectively

 

 

26,698

 

 

 

32,675

 

Total assets

 

$

4,317,770

 

 

$

4,415,928

 

Liabilities and Equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Indebtedness, net of unamortized discount and deferred financing costs of $56,998 and $61,941, respectively

 

$

3,267,230

 

 

$

3,328,082

 

Accrued interest payable

 

 

13,160

 

 

 

9,834

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

 

 

29,989

 

 

 

39,672

 

Derivative liabilities

 

 

4,181

 

 

 

4,727

 

Deferred taxes, borrowers’ escrows and other liabilities

 

 

203,612

 

 

 

203,477

 

Total liabilities

 

 

3,518,172

 

 

 

3,585,792

 

Series D preferred stock

 

 

87,085

 

 

 

85,395

 

Equity:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shareholders’ equity:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7.75% Series A Preferred shares

 

 

53

 

 

 

53

 

8.375% Series B Preferred shares

 

 

23

 

 

 

23

 

8.875% Series C Preferred shares

 

 

17

 

 

 

17

 

Common shares, $0.03 par value per share

 

 

2,756

 

 

 

2,748

 

Additional paid in capital

 

 

2,087,913

 

 

 

2,087,137

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

 

 

(2,434

)

 

 

(4,699

)

Retained earnings (deficit)

 

 

(1,707,143

)

 

 

(1,680,751

)

Total shareholders’ equity

 

 

381,185

 

 

 

404,528

 

Noncontrolling interests

 

 

331,328

 

 

 

340,213

 

Total equity

 

 

712,513

 

 

 

744,741

 

Total liabilities and equity

 

$

4,317,770

 

 

$

4,415,928

 


 

Schedule III

RAIT Financial Trust

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

 

Three-Months Ended

March 31,

 

 

 

2016

 

 

2015

 

Revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net interest margin

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment interest income

 

$

25,802

 

 

$

23,248

 

Investment interest expense

 

 

(7,896

)

 

 

(6,914

)

Net interest margin

 

 

17,906

 

 

 

16,334

 

Property income

 

 

68,722

 

 

 

53,274

 

Fee and other income

 

 

2,852

 

 

 

5,594

 

Total revenue

 

 

89,480

 

 

 

75,202

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

27,006

 

 

 

19,683

 

Real estate operating expenses

 

 

30,706

 

 

 

25,277

 

Compensation expenses

 

 

7,075

 

 

 

6,108

 

General and administrative expenses

 

 

5,063

 

 

 

5,400

 

Acquisition and integration expenses

 

 

269

 

 

 

957

 

Provision for loan losses

 

 

1,325

 

 

 

2,000

 

Depreciation and amortization expense

 

 

24,276

 

 

 

19,024

 

Total expenses

 

 

95,720

 

 

 

78,449

 

Operating Income

 

 

(6,240

)

 

 

(3,247

)

Other income (expense)

 

 

61

 

 

 

(395

)

Gains (loss) on assets

 

 

2,258

 

 

 

 

Asset impairment

 

 

(3,922

)

 

 

 

Gains (losses) on IRT merger with TSRE

 

 

91

 

 

 

 

Gain (loss) on debt extinguishment

 

 

344

 

 

 

 

Change in fair value of financial instruments

 

 

(4,088

)

 

 

4,490

 

Income (loss) before taxes

 

 

(11,496

)

 

 

848

 

Income tax benefit (provision)

 

 

993

 

 

 

(582

)

Net income (loss)

 

 

(10,503

)

 

 

266

 

Income allocated to preferred shares

 

 

(8,520

)

 

 

(7,859

)

(Income) loss allocated to noncontrolling interests

 

 

1,179

 

 

 

496

 

Net income (loss) available to common shares

 

$

(17,844

)

 

$

(7,097

)

EPS - BASIC

 

$

(0.20

)

 

$

(0.09

)

EPS - DILUTED

 

$

(0.20

)

 

$

(0.09

)

Weighted-average shares outstanding - Basic

 

 

91,018,160

 

 

 

82,081,024

 

Weighted-average shares outstanding - Diluted

 

 

91,018,160

 

 

 

82,081,024

 


 

Schedule IV

RAIT Financial Trust

Reconciliation of Net income (loss) Allocable to Common Shares and

Cash Available for Distribution and Funds From Operations (“FFO”)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

 

 

Three-Months Ended

March 31,

 

 

 

2016

 

2015

 

 

CASH AVAILABLE FOR DISTRIBUTION (CAD):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Income (loss) available to common shares

 

$

(17,844

)

 

$

(7,097

)

 

Add-Back (Deduct):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization expense

 

 

24,276

 

 

 

19,024

 

 

Change in fair value of financial instruments

 

 

4,088

 

 

 

(4,490

)

 

(Gains) losses on assets

 

 

(2,258

)

 

 

 

 

  (Gains) losses on IRT merger with TSRE

 

 

(91

)

 

 

 

 

(Gains) losses on debt extinguishment

 

 

(344

)

 

 

 

 

Straight-line rental adjustments

 

 

(418

)

 

 

2

 

 

Equity based compensation

 

 

1,273

 

 

 

1,348

 

 

Acquisition and integration expenses

 

 

269

 

 

 

957

 

 

Origination fees and other deferred items

 

 

6,714

 

 

 

7,426

 

 

Provision for losses

 

 

1,325

 

 

 

2,000

 

 

Asset impairment

 

 

3,922

 

 

 

 

 

Noncontrolling interest effect of certain adjustments

 

 

(8,033

)

 

 

(4,713

)

 

CAD

 

$

12,879

 

 

$

14,457

 

 

CAD per share

 

$

0.14

 

 

$

0.18

 

 

Weighted-average shares outstanding

 

 

91,018,160

 

 

 

82,081,024

 

 

 

FUNDS FROM OPERATIONS (FFO):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Income (loss) available to common shares

 

$

(17,844

)

 

$

(7,097

)

Add-Back (Deduct):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

 

11,374

 

 

 

11,205

 

(Gains) Losses on the sale of real estate

 

 

(183

)

 

 

 

FFO

 

$

(6,653

)

 

$

4,108

 

FFO per share--basic

 

$

(0.07

)

 

$

0.05

 

Weighted-average shares outstanding

 

 

91,018,160

 

 

 

82,081,024

 

 


 

Schedule V

RAIT Financial Trust

Reconciliation of NOI to Net income (loss)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

 

Three-Months Ended

March 31,

 

 

 

 

2016

 

 

2015

 

 

Same store property net operating income

 

$

24,464

 

 

$

23,270

 

 

Non same store property net operating income

 

 

13,552

 

 

 

4,727

 

 

Net interest margin

 

 

17,906

 

 

 

16,334

 

 

Fee and other income

 

 

2,852

 

 

 

5,594

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

(27,006

)

 

 

(19,683

)

 

Compensation expenses

 

 

(7,075

)

 

 

(6,108

)

 

General and administrative expenses

 

 

(5,063

)

 

 

(5,400

)

 

Acquisition and integration expenses

 

 

(269

)

 

 

(957

)

 

Provision for loan losses

 

 

(1,325

)

 

 

(2,000

)

 

Depreciation and amortization expense

 

 

(24,276

)

 

 

(19,024

)

 

Other income (expense)

 

 

61

 

 

 

(395

)

 

Gains (loss) on assets

 

 

2,258

 

 

 

-

 

 

Asset impairment

 

 

(3,922

)

 

 

-

 

 

Gains (losses) on IRT merger with TSRE

 

 

91

 

 

 

-

 

 

Gain (loss) on debt extinguishment

 

 

344

 

 

 

-

 

 

Change in fair value of financial instruments

 

 

(4,088

)

 

 

4,490

 

 

Income tax benefit (provision)

 

 

993

 

 

 

(582

)

 

Net Income (loss)

 

$

(10,503

)

 

$

266

 

 

 


 

Schedule VI

RAIT Financial Trust

Definitions

 

Assets Under Management

 

Assets under management, or AUM, is an operating measure representing the total assets that we own or are managing for third parties. While not all AUM generates fee income, it is an important operating measure to gauge our asset growth, volume of originations, size and scale of our operations and our performance. AUM includes our total investment portfolio, assets associated with unconsolidated securitizations for which we derive asset management fees and real estate properties we manage on behalf of third parties.

 

Cash Available for Distribution

 

Cash available for distribution, or CAD, is a non-GAAP financial measure. We believe that CAD provides investors and management with a meaningful indicator of operating performance. Management also uses CAD, among other measures, to evaluate profitability and our board of trustees considers CAD in determining our quarterly cash distributions. We also believe that CAD is useful because it adjusts for a variety of noncash items (such as depreciation and amortization, equity-based compensation, provision for loan losses and non-cash interest income and expense items). In addition, the compensation committee of our board of trustees used CAD as a metric in establishing quantitative performance based awards for certain of our executive officers beginning in 2015.  Furthermore, in measuring our performance in periods prior to 2015, CAD removes the effect of our previous consolidation of the legacy securitizations, T8 and T9, which we deconsolidated as part of our exit of the Taberna business in December 2014.

 

We calculate CAD by subtracting from or adding to net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders the following items: depreciation and amortization items including depreciation and amortization, straight-line rental income or expense, amortization of in place leases, amortization of deferred financing costs, amortization of discount on financings and equity-based compensation; changes in the fair value of our financial instruments; realized gains (losses) on assets; provision for loan losses; asset impairments; acquisition gains or losses and transaction costs; certain fee income eliminated in consolidation that is attributable to third parties; and one-time events pursuant to changes in U.S. GAAP and certain other non-routine items. In the quarter ended March 31, 2016, we changed our method of calculating CAD to exclude the impact of real property sales from CAD.  We made this change in response to investor feedback to focus CAD on our core business activities. In addition, we provide guidance regarding our expected CAD in future periods and this change removes variability resulting from the ultimate timing of future property sales.

 

CAD should not be considered as an alternative to net income (loss) or cash generated from operating activities, determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, as an indicator of operating performance. For example, CAD does not adjust for the accrual of income and expenses that may not be received or paid in cash during the associated periods. Please refer to our consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP in Part I, Item 1. In addition, our methodology for calculating CAD may differ from the methodologies used by other comparable companies, including other REITs, when calculating the same or similar supplemental financial measures and may not be comparable with these companies.

 

Funds from Operations

 

We believe that funds from operations, or FFO, which is a non-GAAP measure, is an additional appropriate measure of the operating performance of a REIT. We compute FFO in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, as net income or loss allocated to common shares (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding real estate-related depreciation and amortization expense, gains or losses on sales of real estate and the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles. Our management utilizes FFO as a measure of our operating performance. FFO is not an equivalent to net income or cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Furthermore, FFO does not represent amounts available for management’s discretionary use because of needed capital replacement or expansion, debt service obligations or other commitments or uncertainties. FFO should not be considered as an alternative to net income as an indicator of our operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity.

 

Net Operating Income

 

Net Operating Income (“NOI”), a non-GAAP measure, is a useful measure of the operating performance of its real estate portfolio. NOI is defined as total property revenue less total property operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization and interest expense. Other REITs may use different methodologies for calculating NOI, and accordingly, our NOI may not be comparable to other REITs. We believe that this measure provides an operating perspective not immediately apparent from GAAP operating income or net income. We use NOI to evaluate our real estate portfolio performance on a same store and non-same store basis because NOI measures the core operations of property performance by excluding corporate level expenses and other items not related to property operating performance and captures trends in rental rates and property operating expenses.

 


 

Same Store Properties and Same Store Portfolio

RAIT reviews its same store properties or portfolio at the beginning of each calendar year.  Properties are added into the same store portfolio if they were owned at the beginning of the previous year.  Properties that have been sold are excluded from the same store portfolio. Properties included in the redevelopment portfolio are not part of the same store portfolio.