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EX-32.1 - EX-32.1 - SPECTRUM PHARMACEUTICALS INCa55483exv32w1.htm
EX-23.2 - EX-23.2 - SPECTRUM PHARMACEUTICALS INCa55483exv23w2.htm
EX-31.1 - EX-31.1 - SPECTRUM PHARMACEUTICALS INCa55483exv31w1.htm
EX-23.1 - EX-23.1 - SPECTRUM PHARMACEUTICALS INCa55483exv23w1.htm
EX-32.2 - EX-32.2 - SPECTRUM PHARMACEUTICALS INCa55483exv32w2.htm
EX-10.29 - EX-10.29 - SPECTRUM PHARMACEUTICALS INCa55483exv10w29.htm
EX-10.37 - EX-10.37 - SPECTRUM PHARMACEUTICALS INCa55483exv10w37.htm
EX-10.36 - EX-10.36 - SPECTRUM PHARMACEUTICALS INCa55483exv10w36.htm
Table of Contents

 
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 
 
 
Form 10-K
 
 
 
 
     
þ
  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009
Or
o
  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    For the transition period from          to          
 
Commission File Number: 000-28782
 
 
 
 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.®
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
 
 
 
 
     
Delaware   93-0979187
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
157 Technology Drive
Irvine, California
(Address of principal executive offices)
  92618
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:
(949) 788-6700
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
     
Title of Each Class
 
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value
  The NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC
Common Stock Purchase Warrants
   
Rights to Purchase Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock
   
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
 
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes o  No þ
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes o  No þ
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ  No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 229.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes o  No þ
 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K  o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
 
             
Large accelerated filer o
  Accelerated filer þ   Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  Smaller Reporting company þ
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o  No þ
 
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2009 was $310,033,876 based on the closing sale price of such common equity on such date.
 
As of March 29, 2010 there were 49,170,969 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
 
Portions of the Proxy Statement for the Registrant’s 2010 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed on or before April 30, 2010, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
 


 

 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
                 
        Page
 
PART I        
  Item 1.     Business     4  
  Item 1A.     Risk Factors     32  
  Item 1B.     Unresolved Staff Comments     54  
  Item 2.     Properties     54  
  Item 3.     Legal Proceedings     54  
  Item 4.     [Reserved]     54  
       
PART II        
  Item 5.     Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities     55  
  Item 6.     Selected Financial Data     55  
  Item 7.     Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations     57  
  Item 7A.     Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk     71  
  Item 8.     Financial Statements and Supplementary Data     72  
  Item 9.     Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure     72  
  Item 9A.     Controls and Procedures     72  
  Item 9B.     Other Information     76  
       
PART III        
  Item 10.     Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance     78  
  Item 11.     Executive Compensation     78  
  Item 12.     Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters     78  
  Item 13.     Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence     78  
  Item 14.     Principal Accountant Fees and Services     78  
       
PART IV        
  Item 15.     Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules     78  
Signatures     83  
 EX-10.29
 EX-10.36
 EX-10.37
 EX-21
 EX-23.1
 EX-23.2
 EX-31.1
 EX-31.2
 EX-32.1
 EX-32.2


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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K contains certain forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements can generally be identified as such because the context of the statement will include certain words, including but not limited to, “believes,” “may,” “will,” “expects,” “intends,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “seeks,” “continues,” “predicts,” “potential,” “likely,” or “opportunity,” and also contains predictions, estimates and other forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and in reliance upon the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are based on the current beliefs of the Company’s management, as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to the Company’s management. Readers of this Annual Report on Form 10-K should not put undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the time this Annual Report on Form 10-K was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. Reference is made in particular to forward-looking statements regarding the success, safety and efficacy of our drug products, product approvals, product sales, revenues, development timelines, product acquisitions, liquidity and capital resources and trends. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified. Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.’s actual results may differ materially from the results projected in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed in this Report, including the “Risk Factors” in “Item 1A — Risk Factors”, and in “Item 7 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in Part II. In addition, past financial or operating performance is not necessarily a reliable indicator of future performance, and you should not use our historical performance to anticipate results or future period trends. We can give no assurances that any of the events anticipated by the forward-looking statements will occur or, if any of them do, what impact they will have on our results of operations and financial condition. Except as required by law, we do not undertake to update any such forward-looking statements and expressly disclaim any duty to update the information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the “Company”, “we,” “us,” “our,” “Spectrum” and “Spectrum Pharmaceuticals” refer to Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its subsidiaries and other consolidated entities, as a consolidated entity. We primarily conduct all our activities as Spectrum Pharmaceuticals.
 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.®, Fusilev®, Zevalin® and RenaZorb® are registered trademarks of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its subsidiaries. Belinostat, Turning Insights Into Hopetm, RIT Oncology, LLCtm, RITtm, and our logos are trademarks owned by Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its subsidiaries. EOquin® is a registered trademark of Allergan, Inc. All other trademarks and trade names are the property of their respective owners.


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PART I
 
Item 1.   Business
 
Overview
 
We are a commercial stage biopharmaceutical company committed to developing and commercializing innovative therapies with a primary focus in the areas of hematology-oncology and urology. We have a fully developed commercial infrastructure that markets and sells two drugs in the United States, Zevalin® and Fusilev®. We have several drug candidates in development, the most advanced of which are apaziquone (EOquin®), which is presently being studied in two large Phase 3 clinical trials for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) under a strategic collaboration with Allergan; and belinostat, a drug we recently partnered with TopoTarget A/S to jointly develop. Belinostat is being studied in multiple indications, including a Phase 2 registrational trial for relapsed or refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma (PTCL).
 
Our business strategy is comprised of the following initiatives:
 
  •  Maximizing the growth potential of our marketed drugs, Zevalin and Fusilev.  Our near-term outlook largely depends on sales and marketing successes for our two marketed drugs. For Zevalin, our initial goal was to stabilize sales, which we believe we accomplished in 2009. With the approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for a significantly larger indication in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) in late 2009 and our success in addressing historical hurdles associated with the uptake of this drug, we believe we can grow sales in 2010 and beyond. For Fusilev, which we launched in August 2008, we were able to benefit from broad utilization in community clinics and hospitals through mid-2009. Our focus now is to obtain approval for Fusilev in advanced metastatic colorectal cancer, which could potentially increase the patient pool substantially. As part of its review of our supplemental new drug application (sNDA) the FDA has requested additional data which we expect to submit in the third quarter of 2010.
 
For both Zevalin and Fusilev, we initiated and continue to stage appropriate infrastructure expansions and additional initiatives to facilitate broad customer reach and to address other market requirements, as appropriate. We have formed a dedicated commercial organization comprised of highly experienced and motivated sales representatives, account managers, medical science liaisons and a complement of other support marketing personnel to manage the sales and marketing of these drugs.
 
  •  Optimizing our development portfolio and maximizing the asset values of its components.   While over the recent few years, we have evolved from a development-stage to a commercial-stage pharmaceutical company, we have maintained a highly focused development portfolio. Our strategy with regard to our development portfolio is to focus on late-stage drugs and to develop them rapidly to the point of regulatory approval. We plan to develop some of these drugs ourselves or with our subsidiaries and affiliates, or secure collaborations such that we are able to suitably monetize these assets.
 
We have assembled a drug development infrastructure that is comprised of highly experienced and motivated MDs, PhDs, medical science liaisons and a complement of other support personnel to rapidly develop these drugs. During 2009, this team achieved our goal of completing enrollment in the two Phase 3 apaziquone trials (with more than 1,600 patients enrolled). We expect to continue to maximize the value of apaziquone through further developmental efforts and initiation of additional trials, which we aim to begin in 2010. In addition, this team will focus its efforts in rapidly advancing the development of belinostat by expediting the patient enrollment in the registrational trial for PTCL and initiating additional studies in other indications in 2010.
 
We have several other exciting compounds in earlier stages of development in our portfolio. Based upon a criteria-based portfolio review, we are in the process of streamlining our pipeline drugs, allowing for greater focus and integration of our development and commercial goals.
 
  •  Expanding commercial bandwidth through licensing and business development.  It is our goal to identify new strategic opportunities that will create strong synergies with our currently marketed drugs and identify and pursue partnerships for out-licensing certain of our drugs in development. To this end, we will continue


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  to explore strategic collaborations as these relate to drugs that are either in advanced clinical trials or are currently on the market. We believe that such opportunistic collaborations will provide synergies with respect to how we deploy our internal resources. In this regard, we intend to identify and secure drugs that have significant growth potential either through enhanced marketing and sales efforts or through pursuit of additional clinical development. We believe our recent in-licensing of belinostat, a novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, is demonstrative of such licensing and business development efforts outlined above.
 
  •  Managing our financial resources effectively.  We remain committed to fiscal discipline, a policy which has allowed us to become well capitalized among our peers, despite a very challenging capital markets environment in 2009. This policy includes the pursuit of non-dilutive funding options, prudent expense management, and the achievement of critical synergies within our operations in order to maintain a reasonable burn rate. Even with the continued build-up in operational infrastructure to facilitate the marketing of our two commercial drugs, we intend to be fiscally prudent in any expansion we undertake. In terms of revenue generation, we plan to become more reliant on sales from currently marketed drugs and intend to pursue out-licensing of select pipeline drugs in select territories, as discussed above. When appropriate, we may pursue other sources of financing, including non-dilutive financing alternatives. While we are currently focused on advancing our key drug development programs, we anticipate that we will make regular determinations as to which other programs, if any, to pursue and how much funding to direct to each program on an ongoing basis, based on clinical success and commercial potential, including termination of our existing development programs, especially if we do not expect value being driven from continued development. Our raising of over $100 million in equity financing in 2009 in a difficult financing environment, and our recent termination of the development of ozarelix in benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH), which resulted in planned development expense reduction, are recent examples of this strategy.
 
  •  Further enhancing the organizational structure to meet our corporate objectives.   We have highly experienced staff in pharmaceutical operations, clinical development, regulatory and commercial functions who previously held positions at both small to mid-size biotech companies, as well as large pharmaceutical companies. We recently strengthened the ranks of our management team, and will continue to pursue talent on an opportunistic basis. Finally, we remain committed to running a lean and efficient organization, while effectively leveraging our critical resources.
 
Restatement of Previously Issued Consolidated Financial Statements
 
In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we have restated our previously issued consolidated financial statements and related disclosures for fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, and each of the quarterly condensed consolidated financial statements on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2008 through September 30, 2009 to reclassify warrant contracts based on a reassessment of the applicable accounting and classification.
 
The Company has historically accounted for warrants as equity instruments, pursuant to its, and Kelly & Company’s (Kelly & Co.), the predecessor independent registered public accounting firm, interpretation and evaluation of applicable accounting guidance contained in Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 815 “Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (ASC 815) (formerly known as Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock”). Accordingly, in connection with warrants issued in registered offerings during 2005 and 2009, the Company classified the warrants as equity. In connection with the audit for the fiscal year 2009, the Company, in consultation with Ernst & Young LLP (“Ernst & Young”), the Company’s current independent registered public accounting firm, reassessed the accounting classification of the warrants payment to ASC 815 based on certain terms of the warrants. The warrants provide that in the event the Company is unable to issue registered shares upon exercise, the warrant holders are entitled, under securities laws, to receive freely tradable shares pursuant to a “cashless exercise” provision. However, based on interpretation of ASC 815, there is a required presumption of net cash settlement, as it is not within the control of the Company to provide registered shares, no matter how remote the probability. After several extensive discussions among the Company’s management, Ernst & Young and the Company’s outside legal advisors, as well as informal discussions with Staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission by the Company’s management, it appears that the interpretation and applicability of this particular accounting pronouncement is complex and must be applied based on a strict reading of the authoritative


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literature without respect to probability. The Company’s Audit Committee, together with management, in consultation with the Company’s outside legal advisors, determined on March 30, 2010 that, notwithstanding the highly remote theoretical nature of the possibility of net cash settlement, the warrants should have originally been recorded as liabilities, measured at fair value, with changes in the fair values being recognized in the statement of operations. In this regard, the Company reassessed the accounting classification of the warrants issued in September 2005 pursuant to ASC 815, and in consultation with its predecessor auditor, Kelly & Co., determined that there should be consistent treatment of the warrants issued in September 2005 with the warrants issued in 2009, and concluded that such 2005 warrants should also be reclassified as a liability.
 
During meetings held on March 30, 2010, the Audit Committee, together with management, in consultation with Kelly & Co., the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm during the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, concluded that the Company’s previously filed consolidated financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 on Form 10-K, each of the quarterly condensed consolidated financial statements on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2008 through September 30, 2009, and the independent registered public accounting firm’s reports on the financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, and all related earnings releases and similar communications issued by the Company, should no longer be relied upon.
 
The restatements reflect the reclassification of the warrants from equity to a liability in the following amounts, which represents the fair value of the warrants, as of the issuance dates, calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.
 
                             
                    Fair Value
 
    Number of
              of Warrants
 
    Warrants
    Exercise
    Expiration
  at Issuance
 
Issuance Date
  Issued     Price    
of Warrants
  Date  
                    (In thousands)  
 
September 14, 2005
    4,000,000     $ 6.62     September 14, 2011   $ 15,472  
                             
May 27, 2009
    1,956,947     $ 5.11     February 25, 2010   $ 2,881  
                             
June 15, 2009
    857,633     $ 5.83     March 15, 2010   $ 1,847  
                             
June 30, 2009
    1,468,020     $ 7.10     March 30, 2010   $ 4,117  
                             
September 18, 2009
    2,649,007     $ 7.55     June 20, 2010   $ 5,170  
                             
 
The revaluation of the warrants at each subsequent balance sheet date to fair value, results in a change in the carrying value of the liability, which change is recorded as “Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability” in the consolidated statement of operations. The net effect of these changes for fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for each of the quarterly condensed consolidated financial statements on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2008 through September 30, 2009 are as follows:
 
         
    Income (Loss) Resulting
 
    from Change in Fair
 
    Value of Common
 
Reporting Period
  Stock Warrant Liability  
    (In thousands)  
 
Annual
       
Year ended December 31, 2007
  $ 12,055  
         
Year ended December 31, 2008
  $ 1,271  
         
Interim (unaudited)
       
Quarter ended March 31, 2008
  $ 520  
         
Quarter ended June 30, 2008
  $ 916  
         
Quarter ended September 30, 2008
  $ 45  
         
Quarter ended December 31, 2008
  $ (210 )
         
Quarter ended March 31, 2009
  $ (509 )
         


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    Income (Loss) Resulting
 
    from Change in Fair
 
    Value of Common
 
Reporting Period
  Stock Warrant Liability  
    (In thousands)  
 
Quarter ended June 30, 2009
  $ (20,113 )
         
Quarter ended September 30, 2009
  $ 8,863  
         
 
We have not amended our previously filed Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008, or the Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the periods ended September 30, 2005 through September 30, 2009 to reflect the restatements described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and thus the financial statements and related financial statement information contained in those reports should no longer be relied upon. Throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K, all amounts presented from prior periods and prior period comparisons that have been revised are labeled as “restated” and reflect the balances and amounts on a restated basis.
 
Recent Developments
 
In 2009 and early 2010, we have executed on our business strategy that we described above. We discuss below the key developments during that period.
 
We recorded approximately $28.2 million in sales of our products for the year 2009. We successfully increased Zevalin sales to approximately $15.7 million in 2009 as compared to approximately $11 million by the predecessor owner of the product in 2008. We recorded approximately $0.3 million in Zevalin sales since we acquired the rights to fifty percent of the product in December 2008. We also recorded Fusilev sales of $12.5 million in 2009, compared to approximately $7.7 million in 2008. We believe that in 2010 and beyond, revenues from these products have the potential to significantly grow.
 
In September 2009, Zevalin received FDA approval for an expanded label for the treatment of patients with previously untreated follicular NHL who achieve a partial or complete response to first-line chemotherapy. This new and expanded indication supplements the 2002 FDA approval of Zevalin as treatment for patients with relapsed or refractory, low-grade or follicular B-cell NHL. Additionally, in November 2009, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) decided that Zevalin should be reimbursed under an Average Sales Price (ASP) methodology in the Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System (HOPPS) and issued a corresponding proposed rule, which became effective on January 1, 2010. The ASP methodology is widely used for injectable chemotherapy drugs and creates a consistent reimbursement standard in the hospital setting.
 
In October 2009, the FDA issued a Complete Response letter regarding the sNDA for Fusilev. In the Complete Response letter, the FDA recommended that we meet with them to discuss options for continuing to seek approval of Fusilev in advanced metastatic colorectal cancer. We promptly requested such a meeting, which occurred in January 2010. In that meeting, the FDA requested additional data which we expect to submit in the third quarter of 2010.
 
As for apaziquone, in November 2009, we entered into a collaboration agreement with Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd. for the development and commercialization of apaziquone in Asia, with the exception of North and South Korea. In exchange, Nippon Kayaku paid Spectrum an up-front payment of $15 million and agreed to make additional payments of up to $136.0 million based on the achievement of certain regulatory and commercialization milestones contained in the collaboration agreement, as well as royalties on net sales. Nippon Kayaku received exclusive rights to apaziquone for the treatment of NMIBC in Asia, including Japan and China. Under the terms of the Nippon Kayaku collaboration agreement, Nippon Kayaku will conduct the apaziquone clinical trials pursuant to a development plan, and will be responsible for all expenses relating to the development and commercialization of apaziquone in the Nippon Kayaku territory. As for South Korea, or the Republic of Korea, and North Korea, or the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, (collectively, “Korea”), we entered into a collaboration agreement with Handok Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd. for the development and commercialization of apaziquone for the treatment of NMIBC. Under the terms of the Handok collaboration agreement, Handok paid us an up-front payment of

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$1.0 million and there are potential milestone payments of approximately $19 million, as well as royalties on net sales. The potential milestones will be based on the achievement of certain regulatory and commercialization milestones. Additionally, Handok will conduct the apaziquone clinical trials pursuant to a development plan and will be responsible for all expenses relating to the development and commercialization of apaziquone in North and South Korea.
 
In addition, in the fourth quarter of 2009, we completed enrollment of two Phase 3 pivotal clinical trials for apaziquone. The two trials enrolled more than 1,600 patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. We received a $1.5 million milestone payment in January 2010 from Allergan for the completion of these clinical trials, per the terms of the collaboration agreement, which we entered into with Allergan on October 28, 2008.
 
In February 2010, we entered into a licensing and collaboration agreement with TopoTarget, for the development and commercialization of belinostat, a drug being studied in multiple indications, including a Phase 2 registrational trial for patients with PTCL. The licensing and collaboration agreement provides that we have the exclusive right to make, develop and commercialize belinostat in North America and India, with an option for China. In consideration for the rights granted under the licensing and collaboration agreement, we paid TopoTarget an up-front fee of $30 million. In addition, we will pay up to $313 million and one million shares of Spectrum common stock based on the achievement of certain development, regulatory and sales milestones, as well as double-digit royalties on net sales of belinostat.
 
In 2009, we raised net proceeds of approximately $95.8 million from the sale of 15,187,715 shares of our common stock, despite adverse global financial market conditions. We believe these funds, as well as the funds generated through the sales of our products and other non-dilutive funding in 2008, have resulted in our being well capitalized. At the end of 2009, we had approximately $125.0 million in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, which we believe will be sufficient to finance our anticipated capital and operating requirements for the next twelve months and beyond.
 
In August 2009, we acquired 100% of the rights to RenaZorb (a family of compounds represented by SP-014, also known as RZB-014), a lanthanum-based nanotechnology compound with potent and selective phosphate binding capabilities from Altair Nanotechnologies. Our acquisition of RenaZorb expands upon our 2005 license agreement with Altair, pursuant to which Altair granted us worldwide rights to Renazorb, but only for human uses. The August 2009 acquisition provides us with access to all uses of and intellectual property for the asset. In consideration for the acquisition, we paid Altair a total of $750,000 in restricted shares of common stock.
 
In January 2010, based upon the mixed results of our earlier Phase 2 study of ozarelix for the treatment of BPH and the recently announced failure of Aeterna Zentaris’s large, Phase 3, registrational trial of cetrorelix (another LHRH antagonist), we discontinued development of ozarelix in BPH. We estimate that this discontinuation will result in a substantial reduction in future clinical development expenses. We will continue to look for alternative indications for the development of ozarelix.
 
We continued our efforts to build a global pharmaceutical organization in 2009. For two of our non-US business entities, Spectrum Pharma Canada, Inc., a Canadian affiliate headquartered in the Province of Quebec, Canada, and OncoRx Pharma Private Ltd., a wholly-owned Indian subsidiary headquartered in Mumbai, India, we continued to grow and establish these entities in an effort to facilitate the opening of clinical trials sites in these countries to continue the clinical development of our products at a reduced cost.
 
Product Portfolio
 
We have a product portfolio consisting of both commercial stage and development stage products. While we are committed to growing the sales of our marketed products, we strive to maintain a robust pipeline of products under development to bring to the market.


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Our drug products, their approved and/or target indications, and status of development are summarized in the following table, and discussed below in further detail:
 
(COLOR PIPELINE GRAPH)
 
Some of our drugs may prove to be beneficial in additional disease indications as we continue their study and development. In addition, we have intellectual property rights to neurology compounds that we may out-license to third parties for further development.
 
Overview of Cancer
 
According to the American Cancer Society’s publication Cancer Facts & Figures 2009, cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, accounting for approximately 25% of all deaths. In the United States, approximately 1.5 million new cancer cases were expected to be diagnosed in 2009 and over 562,000 persons were expected to die from the disease in 2009. Accordingly, there is significant demand for improved and novel cancer treatments.
 
Cancer develops when cells in a part of the body begin to grow out of control. Although there are many kinds of cancer, they all start because of out-of-control growth of abnormal cells. Normal body cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly fashion. During the early years of a person’s life, normal cells divide more rapidly until the person becomes an adult. After that, cells in most parts of the body divide only to replace worn-out or dying cells and to


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repair injuries. Because cancer cells continue to grow and divide, they are different from normal cells. Instead of dying, they outlive normal cells and continue to form new abnormal cells.
 
Cancer cells develop because of damage to DNA. Most of the time, when DNA becomes damaged, the body is able to repair it. In cancer cells, the damaged DNA is not repaired. People can inherit damaged DNA, which accounts for inherited cancers. More often, however, a person’s DNA becomes damaged by exposure to something in the environment, such as smoking.
 
Cancer usually forms as a tumor. Some cancers, like leukemia, do not form tumors. Instead, these cancer cells involve the blood and blood-forming organs and circulate through other tissues where they grow. Often, cancer cells travel to other parts of the body where they begin to grow and replace normal tissue. This process is called metastasis. Regardless of where a cancer may spread, however, it is always named for the place it began. For instance, breast cancer that spreads to the liver is still called breast cancer, not liver cancer.
 
Different types of cancer can behave very differently. For example, lung cancer and breast cancer are very different diseases. They grow at different rates and respond to different treatments. That is why people with cancer need treatment that is aimed at their particular kind of cancer. Cancer is currently treated by surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, biological therapy and immunotherapy. Cancer is referred to as refractory when it has not responded, or is no longer responding, to a treatment.
 
We are seeking novel drugs that address cancer or cancer related indications with significant unmet medical need, that:
 
  •  are already approved for sale or have demonstrated initial safety and efficacy in clinical trials and/or we believe have a higher probability of regulatory approval than that of a typical compound at a similar stage of development;
 
  •  target cancer indications with significant unmet medical need, where current treatments either do not exist or are not deemed to be effective; and
 
  •  we believe we can acquire at a fair value based on our judgment of clinical success and commercial potential.
 
Our drug products
 
Zevalin ([90Y]-ibritumomab tiuxetan):  In December 2008, we acquired rights to commercialize and develop Zevalin in the United States, as the result of a transaction with Cell Therapeutics, Inc., (CTI) further described below.
 
Zevalin is a prescribed form of cancer therapy called radioimmunotherapy. Radioimmunotherapy combines a source of radiation, called a radioisotope, with an antibody. As part of the Zevalin therapeutic regimen, the Y-90 radioisotope is combined with a monoclonal antibody (CD20 MAB) that specifically recognizes a particular part of a B-cell (the cells of the immune system that make antibodies to invading pathogens) called the CD20 antigen. The CD20 antigen is found on malignant and normal B-cells. As the patient is infused with Y-90 Zevalin and it enters the bloodstream, the antibody portion recognizes and attaches to the CD20 antigen on tumor cells, allowing the radiation energy emitted from the Y-90 radioisotope (i.e., beta emission) to penetrate and damage the malignant B-cells as well as nearby neighboring cells, many of which are also lymphoma cells.
 
The current Zevalin therapeutic regimen also requires a bioscan (also known as an “imaging study”) of the prospective patient prior to treatment with Y-90 Zevalin. For the bioscan, the patient is infused with In-111 Zevalin, the In-111 radioisotope combined with the CD20 MAB. In-111 Zevalin produces a kind of radiation called gamma emission, which is very similar to the kind of radiation used to produce x-rays. Once infused with In-111, the prospective patient goes through a bioscan. The bioscan allows a physician to follow In-111 Zevalin as it travels within the prospective patient’s body. Based upon the distribution of In-111 Zevalin (whether the In-111 Zevalin goes to certain unintended areas of the body), the physician may elect to not infuse the patient with Y-90 Zevalin. Many healthcare providers throughout the world who provide Zevalin therapy do not believe that the In-111 bioscan is a necessary part of the Zevalin therapeutic regimen. In the EU, most countries do not perform the In-111 bioscan prior to the Y-90 Zevalin infusion. Currently, we are working with the FDA to remove this bioscan requirement.


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Zevalin was approved by the FDA in February of 2002 as the first radioimmunotherapeutic agent for the treatment of NHL. Zevalin was approved as part of a Zevalin therapeutic regimen for treatment of relapsed or refractory, low-grade or follicular B-cell NHL, including patients with rituximab-refractory follicular NHL. For reference, the term refractory refers to lymphoma that does not respond to a particular therapy. The term relapsed refers to lymphoma that returns after initially responding to therapy. The terms low-grade and follicular refer to types of lymphoma cells as determined by laboratory tests, which have an indolent (slow growing) clinical course. Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes a particular part of a B-cell also called the CD 20 antigen, and is used as monotherapy or in combination with other agents for the treatment of B-cell NHL.
 
NHL is caused by the abnormal proliferation of white blood cells and normally spreads through the lymphatic system, a system of vessels that drains fluid from the body. There are many different types of NHL which can be divided into aggressive NHL, a rapidly spreading acute form of the disease, and indolent NHL, which progresses more slowly, and can be classified as either B-cell or T-cell NHL. According to the National Cancer Institute’s SEER database there were nearly 400,000 people in the U.S. with NHL in 2004. The American Cancer Society estimated that in the United States 65,980 people were expected to be newly diagnosed with NHL in 2009. Additionally, approximately 19,500 were expected to die from this disease in 2009.
 
In December 2008, the FDA accepted for filing and review, and granted priority review status for RIT’s supplemental biologics license application (sBLA) for the use of Zevalin as first-line therapy for patients with a previously untreated follicular NHL who achieve a partial or complete response of first-line chemotherapy.
 
The sBLA was based upon data from the multinational, randomized Phase 3 First-line Indolent Trial (FIT) which evaluated the efficacy and safety of a single infusion of Zevalin in 414 patients with CD20-positive follicular NHL who had achieved a partial response or a complete response after receiving one of the standard first-line chemotherapy regimens. The FIT trial demonstrated that when used as a first-line consolidation therapy for patients with follicular NHL, Zevalin significantly improved the median progression-free survival time from 18 months (control arm) to 38 months (Zevalin arm) (p<0.0001).
 
The primary investigators of the study concluded that Zevalin consolidation of first remission in advanced stage follicular NHL is highly effective, resulting in a total complete response (CR + CRu) rate of 87 percent and prolongation of median progression-free survival by almost two years, with a toxicity profile comparable to that seen with Zevalin’s use in relapsed or refractory indications. Zevalin-treated patients had reversible and manageable Grade 3 or 4 hematologic side effects including neutropenia in 41 percent, thrombocytopenia in 51 percent, and anemia in 5 percent of patients. Non-hematologic toxicities were 24 percent Grade 3, 5 percent Grade 4, and Grade 3 – 4 infections were 8 percent.
 
In September 2009, we received FDA approval for the sBLA.
 
Additionally, in November 2009, the CMS decided that Zevalin should be reimbursed under an ASP methodology in the HOPPS and issued a corresponding proposed rule, which went into effect on January 1, 2010. The ASP methodology is widely used for injectable chemotherapy drugs and creates a consistent reimbursement standard in the hospital setting.
 
The following describes the principal commercial terms relating to Zevalin licensing and development:
 
  •  On December 15, 2008, we closed a transaction to enter into a 50/50 owned joint venture called RIT, with CTI. CTI previously acquired the U.S. rights to develop, market and sell Zevalin from Biogen Idec, Inc. (Biogen) on December 21, 2007.
 
  •  Upon entering into the joint venture arrangement, CTI contributed the Zevalin product assets to RIT in exchange for a 50% membership interest in RIT and the cash payments to CTI noted below. CTI received an initial cash payment of $7.5 million at the closing of the joint venture transaction on December 15, 2008, and received an additional $7.5 million cash payment in early January 2009. CTI also had the option to sell its remaining 50% membership interest in RIT to us, subject to adjustment for any amounts owed between RIT and CTI at the time of sale. CTI exercised this “Put” option in February 2009. On March 15, 2009, we entered into an agreement with CTI to complete such sale for an aggregate amount of $16.5 million subject to certain adjustments for, among other things, payables determined to be owed between CTI and RIT. CTI


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  disputed the adjustments, but in a May 2009 arbitration proceeding, we were awarded approximately $4.3 million. As a result of the sale, we own 100% of RIT and are its sole member and therefore, we have, through licenses, all of the U.S. rights to Zevalin.
 
  •  In connection with obtaining the required consent of Biogen to the foregoing joint venture arrangement, we entered into certain agreements with Biogen. Such agreements included:
 
  •  an amendment to the original asset purchase agreement between CTI and Biogen (CTI/Biogen Agreement), modifying future milestone payments, to provide that (i) concurrently with the execution of the amendment CTI was required to pay Biogen $0.2 million (which was reimbursed to CTI by RIT from the initial capital contributions made by CTI and us), (ii) upon the December 2008 closing of the joint venture transaction, CTI was required to pay Biogen an additional $2.0 million (which was paid by RIT as successor to CTI under the amendment), (iii) upon the achievement of the specified FDA approval milestone, RIT (as successor to CTI) was required to pay Biogen an additional amount of $5.5 million if the milestone event occurred in 2009 (provided that RIT may elect to defer any such payment until January 1, 2010, but upon such election the required payment will increase to $6.0 million), $7.0 million if the milestone event occurs in 2010, $9.0 million if the milestone event occurs in 2011, or $10.0 million if the milestone event occurs in 2012 or later. As disclosed above, we received FDA approval for the treatment of patients with previously untreated follicular NHL who achieve a partial or complete response to first-line chemotherapy and in accordance with the amendment, we paid Biogen $5.5 million. No other material terms of the CTI/Biogen Agreement were modified. CTI’s rights and obligations, including its payment obligations to Biogen, including royalties on net sales of Zevalin and an additional regulatory milestone payment, under both the CTI/Biogen Agreement and the amendment were assigned to and assumed by RIT in connection with the closing of the joint venture transaction.
 
  •  an amendment to the original supply agreement between Biogen and CTI (CTI/Biogen Supply Agreement), modifying certain of the pricing and manufacturing technology transfer terms contained in the CTI/Biogen Supply Agreement and also providing that the term of the agreement may be shortened in some instances in the event of a mid-term manufacturing technology transfer. CTI’s rights and obligations, including its payment obligations to Biogen, under both the CTI/Biogen Supply Agreement and the amendment were assigned to and assumed by RIT in connection with the closing of the joint venture transaction.
 
  •  a security agreement, by and between RIT and Biogen whereby RIT granted to Biogen a first priority security interest in all of RIT’s assets, including the assets contributed to RIT by CTI in connection with the closing of the joint venture transaction, to secure certain payment, indemnification and other obligations of RIT to Biogen.
 
  •  a guarantee, by us for the benefit of Biogen whereby we have, among other things, guaranteed the payment and performance all of RIT’s obligations to Biogen (including its obligations as assignee of CTI under all contractual arrangements between CTI and Biogen that were assigned to and assumed by RIT in connection with the closing of the joint venture transaction).
 
  •  pursuant to the transfer of Zevalin assets from CTI to RIT in December 2008, RIT assumed certain license and sublicense agreements with various third parties related to Zevalin intellectual property under which RIT is required to make certain payment obligations including milestone payments and royalties.
 
Fusilev® (levoleucovorin) for injection:  On March 7, 2008, our new drug application (NDA) for our proprietary drug Fusilev was approved by the FDA. We commercially launched Fusilev in August 2008, with an in-house sales force and commercialization team. Subsequent to the launch, in November 2008, we received a unique J-code for Fusilev from CMS, which went into effect on January 1, 2009. The J-code is a unique, product-specific billing code that assists providers (e.g., physicians that prescribe Fusilev) in obtaining reimbursement for Fusilev.
 
Fusilev is a novel folate analog formulation and the pharmacologically active isomer (the levo-isomer) of the racemic compound, calcium leucovorin. Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula, but “mirror image” atomic structures. Leucovorin is a mixture of equal parts of both isomers: the pharmacologically active levo-isomer and the inactive dextro-isomer. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that the inactive dextro-isomer may


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compete with the active levo-isomer for uptake at the cellular level. By removing the inactive dextro form, the dosage of Fusilev is one-half that of leucovorin and patients are spared the administration of an inactive substance.
 
Fusilev rescue is indicated after high-dose methotrexate therapy in patients with osteosarcoma, and to diminish the toxicity and counteract the effects of impaired methotrexate elimination or inadvertent overdose of folic acid antagonists. Fusilev has been designated as an orphan drug for its approved indications. Methotrexate is a widely used anti-cancer drug. It is a therapeutic option in the treatment of solid tumors and hematological malignancies, such as NHL. In addition, methotrexate is also used to treat autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and some rare opportunistic infections.
 
In mid-year 2008, we filed an NDA amendment for Fusilev tablets. Following the tablet submission, in October 2008, we filed a sNDA for Fusilev (levoleucovorin) for injection in combination with 5-FU-containing regimens in the treatment of colorectal cancer. In October 2009, the FDA issued a Complete Response letter regarding the sNDA for Fusilev. In the Complete Response letter, the FDA recommended that we meet with them to discuss options for continuing to seek approval of Fusilev in advanced metastatic colorectal cancer. We promptly requested such a meeting, which occurred in January 2010. In that meeting, the FDA requested additional data which we expect to submit in the third quarter of 2010.
 
Leucovorin is currently a standard combination agent with 5-FU in various colorectal cancer treatment regimens. Leucovorin potentiates the effects of 5-FU and its derivatives by stabilizing the binding of the drug’s metabolite to its target enzyme, thus prolonging drug activity. There are peer-reviewed publications wherein Fusilev is used in place of the leucovorin in combination with 5-FU containing regimens for adjuvant and advanced colorectal cancer and in combination with oxaliplatin and/or irinotecan for advanced disease. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncologytm in colon cancer and rectal cancer have been updated to reflect that Fusilev is available in the United States. Additionally, in the fourth quarter of 2008, Fusilev was listed and continues to be listed in the NCCN Drugs and Biologic Compendium for use in combination with high-dose methotrexate for the treatment of bone cancer (osteosarcoma and de-differentiated chrondrosarcoma). The NCCN Drugs and Biologics Compendium is an important reference that has been recognized by United HealthCare as a formal guidance for coverage policy. In addition, CMS announced in June 2008 that it would recognize the NCCN Drugs & Biologics Compendium as a source of information to determine which drugs may be covered under Medicare Part B.
 
The following describes the principal commercial terms relating to Fusilev licensing and development.
 
  •  In April 2006, we acquired all of the oncology drug product assets of Targent, Inc. Targent is eligible to receive payments, in the form of our common stock and/or cash, upon achievement of certain regulatory and sales milestones. At our option, any amounts due in cash under the purchase agreement may be paid by issuing shares of our common stock having a value, determined as provided in the purchase agreement, equal to the cash payment amount.
 
  •  In May 2006, we amended and restated a license agreement with Merck Eprova AG, a Swiss corporation, that we assumed in connection with the acquisition of the assets of Targent. Pursuant to the license agreement with Merck Eprova, we obtained the exclusive license to use regulatory filings related to Fusilev and a non-exclusive license under certain patents and know-how related to Fusilev to develop, make, have made, use, sell and have sold Fusilev in the field of oncology in North America. In addition, we have the right of first opportunity to negotiate an exclusive license to manufacture, have manufactured, use and sell Fusilev products outside the field of oncology in North America. Also, under the terms of the license agreement, we paid Merck Eprova $100,000 for the achievement of FDA approval of Fusilev. Eprova is also eligible to receive a payment upon achievement of another regulatory milestone, in addition to royalties on net sales. The term of the license agreement is determined on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis until royalties are no longer owed under the license agreement. The license agreement expires in its entirety after the date that we no longer owe any royalties to Merck Eprova. We have the unilateral right to terminate the license agreement, in its entirety or on a product-by-product or country-by-country basis, at any time for any reason and either party may terminate the license agreement due to material breach of the terms of the license agreement by or insolvency of the other party.


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Apaziquone (EOquin):  Apaziquone is an anti-cancer agent that becomes activated by certain enzymes often present in higher amounts in cancer cells than in normal cells. It is currently being investigated for the treatment of NMIBC, which is a cancer that is only in the innermost layer of the bladder and has not spread to deeper layers of the bladder.
 
The American Cancer Society estimated that the 2009 incidence and prevalence of bladder cancer in the United States would be approximately 70,980 and over 500,000, respectively. According to Botteman et al., (PharmacoEconomics 2003), bladder cancer is the most expensive cancer to treat on a lifetime basis.
 
The initial treatment of this cancer is complete surgical removal of the tumor. However, bladder cancer is a highly recurrent disease with approximately 75% of patients recurring within 5 years, and a majority of patients recurring within 2 years. This high recurrence rate is attributed to: 1) the highly implantable nature of cancer cells that are dispersed during surgery, 2) incomplete tumor resection, and 3) tumors present in multiple locations in the bladder which may be missed or too small to visualize at the time of resection. Despite evidence in the published literature and guidance from the American and European Urology Associations, instillation of a chemotherapeutic agent immediately following surgery is not a standard clinical practice. Currently, there are no approved drugs for this indication which may, in part, explain the difference between the literature and urology guidelines and actual clinical management of this disease. For more than 30 years, no new drugs have been introduced in the market for treatment of NMIBC. An immediate instillation of apaziquone may help by 1) reducing tumor recurrence by destroying dispersed cancer cells that would otherwise re-implant onto the inner lining of the bladder, 2) by destroying remaining cancer cells at the site of tumor resection (also known as chemo-resection), and 3) by destroying tumors not observed during resection (also known as chemo-ablation).
 
Apaziquone is a bio-reductive alkylating indoloquinone that is enzymatically activated by enzymes that are over expressed by bladder tumors. Pharmacokinetic studies have verified that apaziquone is not detectable in the bloodstream of patients when it is administered either after surgical resection or as a part of a delayed multi-instillation protocol. The proposed dose therefore carries a minimal risk of systemic toxicity which could arise from absorption of a drug through the bladder wall into the bloodstream. Additionally, the current proposed dose is a fraction of the systemic toxic dose. These features of apaziquone are distinct from other intravesical agents currently in use for the treatment of recurrent bladder cancer.
 
A Phase 1 dose-escalation marker lesion (tumor) study demonstrated that apaziquone had no systemic toxicity, and was well tolerated at the dose level being used in the Phase 3 trials. Apaziquone also demonstrated anti-tumor activity against NMIBC, as evidenced by eight of twelve patients showing a complete response, defined as the complete disappearance of the marker lesion as confirmed by biopsy, after receiving six treatments with apaziquone over a period of six weeks.
 
Phase 2 data has confirmed anti-tumor activity in patients with multiple, recurrent NMIBC, as evidenced by 31 of 46 patients (67%) showing a complete response after receiving six weekly treatments with 4 mg of apaziquone instilled into the urinary bladder in this marker lesion study. Apaziquone was well-tolerated, with no significant systemic toxicity, and local toxicity limited to temporary chemical cystitis (inflammation of the urinary bladder) resulting in increased urinary frequency, dysuria (painful urination) and hematuria (blood in the urine) in a few patients. At the two-year follow up, eighteen patients (38%) were disease free.
 
In September 2005, we initiated an open label, multi-center clinical study in Europe in high-risk NMIBC in 53 patients. Patients with high-risk NMIBC usually have more aggressive bladder cancer with higher incidence of recurrence and/or progression to a more invasive stage, where the cancer invades the muscle wall of the bladder, which may require total surgical removal of the bladder. Enrollment has been completed and all patients will be followed for twenty-four months or until recurrence or disease progression is observed.
 
In 2006, we performed a 20 patient pilot safety study in low-grade NMIBC. In this study, apaziquone was found to be well tolerated when a single 4 mg dose is given to patients immediately following surgery. In addition, there was no adverse effect on wound healing and apaziquone was not detected in the bloodstream.
 
In March 2007, we received concurrence from the FDA for the design of a Phase 3 study protocol for the treatment of non-invasive bladder cancer under a special protocol assessment procedure. The development plan for apaziquone is two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 3 clinical trials, each with 562 patients with


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TaG1-G2 (low-grade) NMIBC. Patients are being randomized in a one-to-one ratio to apaziquone or placebo. Under the protocol, the patients are given a single 4 mg dose following surgical removal of the tumors. The primary endpoint is a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in the rate of tumor recurrence at year two between the apaziquone patient group and the placebo group. The first study began during the second quarter of 2007, and the second study began during the third quarter of 2007. In 2008, we received scientific advice from the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) whereby the EMEA agreed that the two Phase 3 studies as designed should be sufficient for a regulatory decision regarding European registration. We continue to recruit sites and enroll patients in these two studies. In December 2009, we achieved our goal of completing enrollment for both Phase 3 clinical trials by year-end 2009.
 
We plan to begin a multiple instillation phase 3 study in low to intermediate NMIBC by the end of 2010.
 
The following describes the principal commercial terms relating to apaziquone licensing and development.
 
  •  In October 2008, we terminated our 2001 license agreement for apaziquone with INC Research®, formerly NDDO Research Foundation® (INC) in the Netherlands, as the patents underlying the agreement were all about to expire. Pursuant to the termination, INC assigned to us all rights it had in the know-how or intellectual property licensed under the agreement and all rights in may have had in any know-how or intellectual property created during the term of the agreement. In exchange, we paid INC a nominal amount of cash and issued them a nominal number of shares of our common stock. In addition, INC is entitled to up to 25,000 additional shares of our common stock and an additional payment of $300,000 upon achievement of certain regulatory milestones.
 
  •  In October, 2008, we entered into a license, development, supply and distribution agreement with Allergan pursuant to which we and Allergan agreed to a collaboration for the development and commercialization of a formulation of apaziquone suitable for use in treating cancer or precancerous conditions via instillation. The agreement with Allergan also provides that Allergan has the exclusive right to make, develop and commercialize apaziquone for the treatment of bladder cancer, or pre-bladder cancer conditions worldwide except for Asia (as is defined in the agreement). We also entered into a co-promotion agreement with Allergan providing for the joint commercialization of apaziquone in the United States, whereby we and Allergan will share equally all profits and commercialization expenses. We also have the right, in our sole discretion, to opt-out of the co-promotion agreement before January 1, 2012. If we elect to opt-out of the co-promotion agreement, our share of any future development costs shall be significantly reduced. Part of the aggregate development costs and marketing expenses incurred by us since January 1, 2009 shall be reimbursed by Allergan in the form of a one-time payment. In addition, if we opt-out of the co-promotion agreement, the co-promotion agreement will terminate and instead of a sharing of profit and expenses, Allergan will pay us royalties on a percentage of net sales of the apaziquone in the United States that are slightly greater than the royalties paid on net sales outside the United States. In addition, Allergan will pay us up to $245 million in additional milestones based upon the achievement of certain sales milestones in the United States.
 
  •  In consideration for the rights granted under our license, development, supply and distribution agreements with Allergan, Allergan paid us an up-front fee of $41.5 million. In addition, Allergan will pay us up to $304.0 million based on the achievement of certain development, regulatory and sales milestones. For example, for completing enrollment of both aforementioned Phase III trials by year-end 2009, Allergan paid us a $1.5 million milestone payment. Also, Allergan has agreed to pay us tiered royalties starting in the mid-teens based on a percentage of net sales of the apaziquone outside of the United States.
 
  •  We will continue to conduct the current Phase 3 clinical trials as well as certain future planned clinical trials pursuant to a joint development plan, of which Allergan will fund 65% of the development costs.
 
  •  In November 2009, we entered into a collaboration agreement with Nippon Kayaku Co., LTD. for the development and commercialization of apaziquone in Asia, except North and South Korea (Nippon Kayaku Territory). In exchange, Nippon Kayaku paid Spectrum an up-front payment of $15 million and agreed to make additional payments of up to $136.0 million based on the achievement of certain regulatory and commercialization milestones contained in the agreement. In addition, Nippon Kayaku received exclusive


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  rights to apaziquone for the treatment of NMIBC in Asia, including Japan and China. Nippon Kayaku will conduct apaziquone clinical trials in the Nippon Kayaku Territory pursuant to a development plan. In addition, Nippon Kayaku will be responsible for all expenses relating to the development and commercialization of apaziquone in the Nippon Kayaku Territory.
 
  •  Also in November 2009, we entered into a collaboration agreement with Handok Pharmaceuticals for the development and commercialization of apaziquone in North and South Korea. Under the terms of the Handok collaboration agreement, Handok paid us an up-front payment of $1.0 million and potential milestone payments totaling approximately $19 million. The potential milestone payments will be based on the achievement of certain regulatory and commercialization milestones. Handok received rights to apaziquone for the treatment of NMIBC in North and South Korea. Additionally, Handok will conduct the apaziquone clinical trials in North and South Korea pursuant to a development plan and will be responsible for all expenses relating to the development and commercialization of apaziquone in North and South Korea.
 
Belinostat:  Belinostat is a histone deacytelase (HDAC) inhibitor that is being studied in multiple clinical trials, both as a single drug and in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of various hematological and solid tumors. HDACs catalyze the removal of chemical groups known as acetyl groups from certain portions of human DNA, and thus regulate gene expression. By inhibiting this enzyme, belinostat induces cell cycle arrest, and leads to inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis, or cell death. Additional mechanisms of action thought to be responsible for belinostat’s anti-cancer effect include inhibition of angiogenesis, or blood vessel growth, and the resensitization of cells that have overcome drug resistance to anticancer drugs, such as platinums and taxanes.
 
Belinostat is currently the only HDAC inhibitor in clinical development with multiple potential routes of administration, including intravenous administration, continuous intravenous infusion and oral administration, which we believe may afford belinostat with a significant competitive advantage.
 
Belinostat is currently in a registrational trial, under a special protocol assessment, as a monotherapy for Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma (PTCL) an indication which has been granted Orphan Drug and Fast Track designation by the FDA. The registrational trial is an open-label, multicenter, single arm efficacy and safety study, in which we plan to enroll approximately 120 patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma, who have failed at least one prior systemic therapy. We expect to file an NDA for belinostat in PTCL in 2011.
 
Belinostat is also currently in a randomized Phase 2 trial for carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel. There are currently no approved therapies or drugs for treatment of CUP, which is an indication with a large patient population. The NCI estimated that for 2008, approximately 2 to 4% of all cancers are CUP.
 
Based on the data from past and ongoing studies, we believe there are many potential attributes associated with belinostat that separate it from other currently marketed HDACs, including efficacy when used alone and in combination, less toxicities (when compared to other currently-marketed HDACs), including lack of or less bone marrow toxicity, and a lack of other severe side effects, such as mucositis, that may enable full dose combinations of this drug with several other cytotoxic agents. Hence, belinostat is currently being investigated in multiple indications, both as monotherapy and in combination with other treatment regimens. Numerous studies have been conducted, and are ongoing, through the NCI and other well-known oncologic academic institutions. Additionally, we plan on a comprehensive development program for belinostat, which includes both hematologic indications, such as PTCL, and solid tumor indications, such as lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and CUP. Based upon the foregoing, we believe belinostat potentially has broad applicability and hence, commercial potential beyond that of currently marketed HDACs.
 
The following describes the principal commercial terms relating to belinostat licensing and development.
 
  •  In February 2010, we entered into a licensing and collaboration agreement with TopoTarget, for the development and commercialization of belinostat, pursuant to which TopoTarget and we agreed to a collaboration for the development and commercialization of belinostat. The agreement provides that we have the exclusive right to make, develop and commercialize belinostat in North America and India, with an


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  option for China. The agreement also grants TopoTarget a co-promote option if and only if we do not maintain a minimum number (subject to adjustment for certain events outside of our control) of field personnel (as defined in the agreement) for a certain number of years post-approval of the PTCL indication.
 
  •  In consideration for the rights granted to us under the license and collaboration agreement with TopoTarget, we paid TopoTarget an up-front fee of $30.0 million. In addition, we will pay up to $313 million and one million shares of Spectrum common stock based on the achievement of certain development, regulatory and sales milestones. as well as certain royalties on net sales of belinostat.
 
  •  Under the terms of the agreement, all development, including studies, will be conducted under a joint development plan (JDP) and in accordance with a mutually agreed upon target product profile (TPP) provided that we have final decision-making authority for all developmental activities in North America and India (and China upon exercise of the option for China) and TopoTarget has final decision-making authority for all developmental activities in all other jurisdictions, We will assume all responsibility for and future costs of the ongoing registrational PTCL trial while TopoTarget will assume all responsibility for and future costs of the ongoing Phase 2 CUP trial. We and TopoTarget will conduct future planned clinical trials pursuant to the JDP, of which we will fund 70% of the development costs and TopoTarget will fund 30% of the development costs.
 
  •  We and TopoTarget will each pay 50% of the costs for chemical, pharmaceutical and other process development related to the manufacturing of the Product that are incurred with a mutually agreed upon budget in the JDP. TopoTarget is responsible for supplying us with both clinical and commercial product.
 
Ozarelix:  Ozarelix is a Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone (LHRH) antagonist (a substance that blocks the effects of a natural hormone found in the body). Mechanistically, LHRH antagonists exert rapid inhibition of luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone with an accompanying rapid decrease in sex hormones and would therefore be expected to be effective in a variety of hormonally dependent disease states including ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, BPH, infertility, uterine myoma and endometriosis.
 
In January 2010, based upon the mixed results of our earlier Phase 2 study of ozarelix for the treatment of BPH and the recently announced failure of Aeterna Zentaris’s large, Phase 3, registrational trial of cetrorelix (another LHRH antagonist), we discontinued development of ozarelix in BPH. We estimate that this discontinuation will result in substantial reduction in future clinical development expenses. Currently, we are considering the future development of Ozarelix in other indications.
 
The following describes the principal commercial terms relating to ozarelix licensing and development.
 
  •  In 2004, we entered into a license agreement with a subsidiary of Aeterna Zentaris, Inc., Aeterna Zentaris GmbH, whereby we acquired an exclusive license to develop and commercialize ozarelix in North America (including Canada and Mexico) and India. In addition, we have a 50% financial interest in any income Aeterna Zentaris derives from ozarelix in Japan. We are contingently obligated to pay amounts based upon achievement of milestones and a royalty based on any future net sales.
 
  •  With certain exceptions, we are required to purchase all finished drug product from Aeterna Zentaris for the clinical development of ozarelix at a set price. The parties agreed to discuss entering into a joint supply agreement for commercial supplies of finished drug product.
 
  •  The term of the license agreement expires ten years after the first commercial sale of a product in any country within the territory or as long as any product is covered by a patent in any country in the territory, whichever term is longer, although some obligations survive termination. In addition, the agreement may be terminated earlier by either party (in some cases either in whole or on a product-by-product and/or country-by-country and/or indication-by-indication basis), based upon material breach or the commencement of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings involving the other, or by us upon sixty days’ notice to Aeterna Zentaris.
 
Ortataxel:  In July 2007, we entered into an exclusive worldwide license agreement for ortataxel with Indena S.p.A., a third-generation taxane. In clinical studies, ortataxel has been shown to be bioavailable when administered orally to patients with solid tumors. In addition, it belongs to a new generation of taxanes with the potential to be active against tumors resistant to paclitaxel (Bristol-Myers Squibb’s Taxol®) and docetaxel (Sanofi-Aventis’ Taxotere®). Phase 1 and 2 studies in more than 350 patients with solid tumors have shown activity in patients that


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were refractory to treatment with the available taxane drugs. The safety profile of ortataxel is comparable to that of paclitaxel and docetaxel.
 
While optimizing the oral formulation for better bioavailability, we will consider future studies with the oral formulation.
 
The following describes the principal commercial terms relating to ortataxel licensing and development.
 
  •  Under the terms of the license agreement with Indena, we are obligated to make payments based on the achievement of certain development, regulatory filing and sales milestones. We will also pay Indena certain royalties on worldwide sales of ortataxel, if and when the product is approved.
 
  •  Also, we are obligated to purchase all of our requirements of ortataxel active pharmaceutical ingredient from Indena.
 
Satraplatin:  Satraplatin, an orally administered platinum-derived chemotherapy agent, is being developed by our sublicensee, GPC Biotech AG. On October 30, 2007, GPC announced that the Phase 3 trial evaluating satraplatin for the treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer failed to meet its primary efficacy endpoint and, as a result, GPC stopped seeking approval for satraplatin in this indication. In November 2009, GPC merged with Houston-based Agennix Inc. Agennnix is evaluating the development plan for satraplatin.
 
The following describes the principal commercial terms relating to satraplatin licensing and development.
 
  •  In 2001, we in-licensed exclusive worldwide rights to satraplatin from its developer, Johnson Matthey, PLC in exchange for an up-front fee, additional payments to be made based upon achievement of certain milestones and royalties based on any net sales, if and when a commercial drug is approved and sales are initiated.
 
  •  In 2002, in exchange for an up-front license fee and future milestones and royalties, we entered into a co-development and license agreement with GPC for worldwide rights for further development and commercialization of satraplatin. Under the terms of the agreement, GPC agreed to fully fund the development expenses for satraplatin. We are entitled to additional revenues upon: achievement of specified milestones by GPC, which are generally based on regulatory and sales milestones; and royalties on worldwide sales, if any, of the product.
 
Elsamitrucin:  Elsamitrucin is an anti-tumor antibiotic that acts as a dual inhibitor of two key enzymes involved in DNA replication, topoisomerase I and II. By inhibiting the activity of these two key enzymes involved in DNA replication, elsamitrucin is thought to lead to DNA breaks that prevent the correct replication of DNA and ultimately result in cancer cell death.
 
On the basis of previous studies conducted by our licensor, Bristol-Myers Squibb Inc. (BMS) elsamitrucin has been shown to have minimal toxicity to bone marrow while demonstrating promising anti-tumor activity.
 
We conducted a Phase 2, single agent study in heavily pre-treated patients with NHL. The level of activity seen did not justify further development for this indication as a single agent. However, elsamitrucin appears to have synergy with taxane and platinum derivatives in experimental models. Also, minimal toxicity to bone marrow may allow combinations with other drugs without a need to significantly reduce doses, which may result in improved therapeutic effects. We are currently reviewing all pre-clinical and clinical data of this product to determine the best path forward for its development.
 
The following describes the principal commercial terms relating to elsamitrucin licensing and development.
 
  •  We in-licensed exclusive worldwide rights to elsamitrucin from its developer BMS, in 2001, in exchange for a small up-front fee and additional future payments based upon achievement of development and regulatory milestones and a royalty based on net sales, if and when a commercial drug is approved and sales are initiated.
 
Lucanthone:  Lucanthone is an orally administered small-molecule which inhibits Topoisomerase II and AP endonuclease. In preclinical tests, lucanthone was shown to enhance the sensitivity of animals to an anticancer agent in a time dependent and reversible manner.


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Lucanthone was originally used as an antiparasitic agent for the treatment of schistosomiasis in the 1950s and 1960s, and has a demonstrated safety profile. It was later discontinued because better anti-parasitic medications became available. We are currently working on the development plan for lucanthone.
 
The following describes the principal commercial terms relating to lucanthone licensing and development.
 
  •  We entered into a license agreement with Dr. Robert E. Bases, the inventor of a method of treating cancer of the central nervous system through the administration of lucanthone and radiation, whereby we acquired worldwide exclusive rights to develop and commercialize a product based upon his invention in May 2005. Under the terms of the license agreement, we made a small up-front payment and are obligated to make additional periodic payments, a payment upon achievement of a certain regulatory milestone and royalties on potential net sales, if any.
 
SPI-1620:  SPI-1620 is a highly selective peptide agonist of endothelin B receptors, which can stimulate receptors on endothelial cells, the innermost layer of cells lining the blood vessels. This technology takes advantage of the fact that the blood supply to tumors is different than the blood supply to healthy organs. Blood vessels in the growing part of tumors are relatively devoid of smooth muscle covering and are rich in endothelial cells. Therefore, by stimulating the endothelial B receptors present on the endothelial cells, SPI-1620 should selectively increase tumor blood flow while sparing healthy tissue.
 
Chemotherapy is one of the mainstays of therapy for solid carcinomas, including breast, lung, and prostate. Chemotherapy uses drugs called cytotoxic agents that are poisonous to cells and kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy often fails because adequate and uniform distribution of the cytotoxic agents is not achieved in the tumor, and serious side effects can result from toxicity to normal cells. Consequently, any means to increase the delivery of a cytotoxic agent selectively to tumors, while minimizing its concentration in normal tissues may be beneficial.
 
SPI-1620 is being developed as an adjunct to chemotherapy. In pre-clinical studies, when anti-cancer drugs, such as paclitaxel, are administered shortly after SPI-1620, the anti-cancer drug concentration in the tumor is increased several fold. This results in increased anti-tumor efficacy at a given dose of a cytotoxic agent, and might allow physicians to maximize efficacy with reduced cytotoxic agent doses with resultant decreased toxicity to the normal organs.
 
In the first quarter of 2008, we initiated an open label, dose-escalation Phase 1 study assessing the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of SPI-1620 in patients with recurrent or progressive carcinoma. We enrolled the first patient in this study in February 2008, and are continuing to enroll patients in this study.
 
The following describes the principal commercial terms relating to SPI-1620 licensing and development.
 
  •  We acquired an exclusive worldwide license to develop and commercialize SPI-1620 for the prevention and treatment of cancer from Chicago Labs, Inc. in February 2005. We paid Chicago Labs a small up-front fee and are obligated to make future payments contingent upon the successful achievement of certain development and regulatory milestones. In addition, we will pay royalties and sales milestones on net sales, after marketing approval is obtained.
 
SPI-205:  SPI-205, a lipid suspension of leteprinim, has demonstrated, in experimental models, benefits in treating chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy. Chemotherapy drugs can damage the nervous system, especially the peripheral nervous system, which are those nerves that carry motor (movement) information for muscle contraction and those that carry sensory information such as touch, vibration, pain and temperature. Damage to the peripheral nerves is known as neuropathy. Currently, there is no effective treatment for chemotherapy induced neuropathy.
 
During 2010, we plan to continue preclinical evaluation of SPI-205.
 
RenaZorb:  RenaZorb, a second-generation lanthanum-based nanoparticle phosphate binding agent, has the potential to treat hyperphosphatemia, (high phosphate levels in blood), in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (end-stage renal disease). Hyperphosphatemia affects patients with chronic kidney disease, especially end-


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stage kidney disease patients on dialysis. It can lead to significant bone disease (including pain and fractures) and cardiovascular disease, and is independently associated with increased mortality.
 
According to The United States Renal Data System (USRDS) in 2010, there will be an estimated 600,000 patients with end-stage renal disease in the United States. Treatment of hyperphosphatemia is aimed at lowering blood phosphate levels by: (1) restricting dietary phosphorus intake; and (2) using, on a daily basis, and with each meal, oral phosphate binding drugs that facilitate fecal elimination of dietary phosphate before its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream. Restricting dietary phosphorus intake has historically not been a successful means of serum phosphate control, therefore phosphate binders are the mainstay of hyperphosphatemia management.
 
Currently marketed therapies for treating hyperphosphatemia include polymer-based and lanthanum-based phosphate binders, aluminum-based phosphate binders, and calcium-based phosphate binders. Under the National Kidney Foundation K/DOQI guidelines, both calcium-based phosphate binders and non-calcium, non-aluminum, non-magnesium phosphate binders are recommended as first line or long-term therapy for the management of hyperphosphatemia. However, the current therapies require use of a large number of pills or large pills to be chewed or swallowed along with each meal, leading to problems with patient compliance with the treatment regimen.
 
We believe that RenaZorb has the opportunity, because of its potentially higher capacity for binding phosphate on an equal weight basis, to significantly improve patient compliance by offering the lowest-in-class dosage to achieve the same therapeutic benefit as other phosphate binders. We continue to perform preclinical development work on RenaZorb.
 
The following describes the principal commercial terms relating to RenaZorb licensing and development.
 
  •  We entered into a license agreement with Altair Nanomaterials, Inc. and its parent Altair Nanotechnologies, Inc., whereby we acquired an exclusive worldwide right to develop and commercialize RenaZorb for all human therapeutic and diagnostic uses in January 2005. Under the terms of the license agreement, we made up-front and milestone payments and are obligated to make additional payments upon achievement of certain clinical development and regulatory and sales milestones, in addition to royalties on potential net sales.
 
  •  In August 2009, we entered into an acquisition agreement with Altair, in which we acquired 100% of the rights to Renazorb and all of Altair’s life science technology. Our acquisition of RenaZorb expands upon our prior license agreement with Altair, pursuant to which Altair granted us human uses. Our acquisition of RenaZorb provides us with access to all uses of and intellectual property for RenaZorb. In consideration for the acquisition, we paid Altair a total of $750,000 in the form of restricted shares of our common stock.
 
Manufacturing
 
We currently do not have internal manufacturing capabilities; therefore, all of our products are manufactured on a contract basis. We expect to continue to contract with third party providers for manufacturing services, including active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), finished-dosage product, as well as packaging operations. We believe that our current agreements with third party manufacturers provide for sufficient operating capacity to support the anticipated commercial demand for our products. However, we have only one approved contract manufacturer for each aspect of the manufacturing process for Zevalin and Fusilev. If we are unable to obtain a sufficient supply of our required products, or if we should encounter delays or difficulties in our relationships with our manufacturers, we may lose potential sales.
 
We attempt to prevent disruption of supplies through supply agreements, appropriate forecasting, maintaining stock levels and other strategies. We believe that the market for such manufacturers and suppliers is such that we could quickly enter into another supply or manufacturing agreement, on substantially similar terms, if we were required to do so. However, in the event we are unable to manufacture our products, either directly or indirectly through others or on commercially acceptable terms, if at all, we may not be able to commercialize our products as planned. Although we are taking these actions to avoid a disruption in supply, we cannot provide assurance that we may not experience a disruption in the future.


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Sales, Marketing and Distribution
 
We have built, and continue to build, a sales and marketing infrastructure as part of our commercialization efforts for Fusilev and Zevalin. While we maintain a relatively small sales force, we believe that the size of our sales force is appropriate to effectively reach our target audience for our two commercial products.
 
For Fusilev, we utilize a third-party logistics company to store and distribute this drug product. The same third party logistics company also stores and ships Zevalin kits containing the CD20 MAB.
 
For Zevalin, we changed the supply and distribution model in 2009. Previously, we sold Zevalin kits containing the CD20 MAB to radiopharmacies, who then in turn ordered the radioactive isotope (Y-90 or In-111) separately and radiolabeled (or attached) the radioactive isotope to the CD20 MAB. The radiopharmacy then sold the end user product to the consumer. Under the current model we do not sell the Zevalin kits containing the CD20 MAB to the radiopharmacies, but instead contract with them, as a fee-for-service, to radiolabel the individual components of the CD20 MAB to the radioactive isotope, and then, also under a fee-for-service arrangement, have them distribute the end use product to the end user, which are clinics, hospitals or other medical settings. In this regard, we now sell the CD20 MAB together with the radioactive isotope as the end user product directly to the healthcare service provider.
 
Customers
 
Our product sales are concentrated in a limited number of customers. For the year ended December 31, 2009, approximately 44% of our Fusilev product sales were derived from specialty distributors of oncology products as compared to 100% for the year ended 2008; for Zevalin, we reaccorded 21% of revenues from radiopharmacies as compared to 0% for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively; and the balance from end use customers. For Zevalin, not a single end user customer constituted revenues over 10% individually. Due to changes in market dynamics, these ratios are not indicative of future concentrations. As of December 31, 2009, for Fusilev, not a single specialty distributor owed us more than 10% of the total net accounts receivables. Three specialty distributors owned us 100% of receivables at the end of 2008. For Zevalin, no single end user customer owed us more than 10% of net receivables as of December 31, 2009 or 2008. All sales were to customers in the United States.
Due to changes in market dynamics, these ratios are not indicative of future concentrations. We do not require collateral or other security to support credit sales, but provide an allowance for bad debts when warranted, based on review of our receivables.
 
Competition
 
The pharmaceutical industry is characterized by rapidly evolving biotechnology and intense competition. We expect biotechnological developments and improvements in the fields of our business to continue to occur at a rapid rate and, as a result, expect competition to remain intense. Many companies are engaged in research and development of compounds that are similar to our research. Biotechnologies under development by these and other pharmaceutical companies could result in treatments for the diseases and disorders for which we are developing our own treatments. In the event that one or more of those programs are successful, the market for some of our drug products could be reduced or eliminated. Any product for which we obtain FDA approval must also compete for market acceptance and market share.
 
Competing in the branded product business requires us to identify and quickly bring to market new products embodying therapeutic innovations. Successful marketing of branded products depends primarily on the ability to communicate the effectiveness, safety and value of the products to healthcare professionals in private practice, group practices, hospitals and academic institutions, and managed care organizations. Competition for branded drugs is less driven by price and is more focused on innovation in treatment of disease, advanced drug delivery and specific clinical benefits over competitive drug therapies. Unless our products are shown to have a better safety profile, efficacy and cost-effectiveness as compared to other alternatives, they may not gain acceptance by medical professionals and may therefore never be successful commercially.
 
Companies that have products on the market or in research and development that target the same indications as our products target include, among others, Abraxis Bioscience, Inc., Astra Zeneca LP, Bayer AG, Endo Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly and Co., Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Corporation, Genentech, Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, GlaxoSmithKline, Biogen-IDEC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cephalon, Inc., Sanofi-Aventis,


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Inc., Pfizer, Inc., Genta Incorporated, Merck, Celegen Corporation, Allos Therapeutics, Inc., BiPar Sciences, Inc., Genzyme Corporation, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Abbott Laboratories, Poniard Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Roche Pharmaceuticals and Johnson & Johnson who may be more advanced in development of competing drug products or are more established and are currently marketing products for the treatment of various indications that our drug products target. Many of our competitors are large and well-capitalized companies focusing on a wide range of diseases and drug indications, and have substantially greater financial, research and development, marketing, human and other resources than we do. Furthermore, large pharmaceutical companies have significantly more experience than we do in pre-clinical testing, human clinical trials and regulatory approval procedures, among other things.
 
As noted above, we launched our proprietary product, Fusilev, in August 2008. Fusilev is the levo-isomeric form of the racemic compound calcium leucovorin, a product already approved for the same indications our product is approved for. Leucovorin has been sold as a generic product on the market for a number of years. There are two generic companies currently selling the leucovorin product and therefore we are competing against a low cost alternative. Also, Fusilev will be offered as part of a treatment regimen, and that regimen may change to exclude Fusilev. For these reasons, we may not recognize the full potential value of our investment in the product.
 
Regarding Zevalin, there are three products which are potential competitors for the indications it is currently approved for.
 
Treanda® (bendamustine hydrochloride) for Injection, for Intravenous Infusion, marketed by Cephalon, is indicated for the treatment of patients with indolent B-cell NHL that has progressed during or within six months of treatment with rituximab or a rituximab-containing regimen.
 
Also, the Bexxar® therapeutic regimen (Tositumomab and Iodine I 131 Tositumomab), a radiopharmaceutical marketed by GlaxoSmithKline, is indicated for the treatment of patients with CD20 antigen-expressing relapsed or refractory, low-grade, follicular, or transformed NHL, including patients with Rituximab-refractory NHL.
 
Finally, Rituxan® (rituximab), marketed by Genentech and Biogen, is indicated for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory, low-grade or follicular, CD20-positive, B-cell NHL as a single agent; previously untreated follicular, CD20-positive, B-cell NHL in combination with CVP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone combination) chemotherapy; and non-progressing (including stable disease), low-grade, CD20-positive B-cell NHL, as a single agent, after first-line CVP chemotherapy. Rituxan is administered as a part of various chemotherapy regimens and schedules, the vast majority of which, could be used in concert with other therapeutic agents, such as Zevalin, as part of a treatment plan.
 
For more information regarding competition to our products, please also read our discussion of competition matters in Item 1A “Risk Factors” of this report.
 
Research and Development
 
New drug development, which is the process whereby drug product candidates are tested for the purpose of filing a NDA or BLA (or similar filing in other countries) and eventually obtaining marketing approval from the FDA or a similar marketing authorization from other regulatory authorities outside of the United States, is an inherently uncertain, lengthy and expensive process that requires several phases of clinical trials to demonstrate to the satisfaction of the appropriate regulatory authorities that the products are both safe and effective for their respective indications. Our development focus is primarily based on acquiring and developing late-stage development drugs as compared to new drug discovery, which is very uncertain and lengthy.


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Research and development expenses for such drug development are comprised of the following types of costs incurred in performing research and development activities: personnel expenses, facility costs, contract services, license fees and milestone payments, costs of clinical trials, laboratory supplies and drug products, and allocations of corporate costs. Research and development expenditures, including related stock-based charges but not including amortization of intangibles or expensing of in-process research and development costs, are expensed as we incur them and were approximately $21.1 million in 2009, $26.7 million in 2008 and $33.3 million in 2007 broken out by product as follows:
 
                         
    Year Ended December 31,  
    2009     2008     2007  
    ($ in ’000’s)  
 
Eoquin
  $ 10,915     $ 5,477     $ 6,348  
Ozarelix
    1,168       2,435       6,217  
Ortataxel
    311       150       3,719  
Fusilev
    940       1,791       1,368  
Zevalin
    563       151        
Lucanthone
    289       348       1,405  
Other development drugs
    496       956       2,046  
                         
Total — Direct Costs
    14,682       11,308       21,103  
Indirect Costs (including non-cash share-based compensation of $4.1 million, $3.9 million and $3.6 million, respectively)
    6,376       15,375       12,182  
                         
Total Research & Development
  $ 21,058     $ 26,683     $ 33,285  
                         
 
Patents and Proprietary Rights
 
Our Patents and Proprietary Rights
 
We in-license from third parties certain patent and related intellectual property rights related to our proprietary products. In particular, we have licensed patent rights with respect to Fusilev, Zevalin, ozarelix, ortataxel, satraplatin, elsamitrucin, lucanthone, belinostat and SPI-1620, in each case for the remaining life of the applicable patents. Except for Zevalin, Fusilev, belinostat and ozarelix, our agreements generally provide us with exclusive worldwide rights to, among other things, develop, sublicense, and commercialize the drug products. Under most of these license arrangements, we are generally responsible for all development, patent filing and maintenance costs, sales, marketing and liability insurance costs related to the drug products. In addition, these licenses and agreements may require us to make royalty and other payments and to reasonably exploit the underlying technology of applicable patents. If we fail to comply with these and other terms in these licenses and agreements, we could lose the underlying rights to one or more of our potential products, which would adversely affect our product development and harm our business. In addition, with regard to Zevalin, apaziquone, RenaZorb and SPI-205, we own patent and related intellectual property rights related to these products.
 
The protection, preservation and infringement-free commercial exploitation of these patents and related intellectual property rights is very important to the successful execution of our strategy. However, the issuance of a patent is not conclusive as to its validity nor as to the enforceable scope of the claims of the patent. Accordingly, our patents and the patents we have may not prevent other companies from developing similar or functionally equivalent products or from successfully challenging the validity of our patents. If our patent applications are not allowed or, even if allowed and issued as patents, if such patents or the patents we have in-licensed, are circumvented or not upheld by the courts, our ability to competitively exploit our patented products and technologies may be significantly reduced. Also, such patents may or may not provide competitive advantages for their respective products or they may be challenged or circumvented by competitors, in which case our ability to commercially exploit these products may be diminished.


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From time to time, we may need to obtain licenses to patents and other proprietary rights held by third parties to develop, manufacture and market our products. If we are unable to timely obtain these licenses on commercially reasonable terms, our ability to commercially exploit such products may be inhibited or prevented.
 
As mentioned above, we own and in-license from third parties certain patent rights related to our products. We believe that our patents and licenses are important to our business, but that with the exception of the United States and European patents discussed in this paragraph, no one patent or license is currently of material importance to our business. For Fusilev, we have one United States formulation patent that covers Fusilev that expires in 2019. For Zevalin, we have sublicensed United States patents that cover the processes and tools for making monoclonal anti-bodies (MABs), in general, licensed United States patents that cover the CD-20 MAB in Zevalin as well as the use of Zevalin to treat NHL, and acquired patent applications covering the Zevalin compounding process (i.e., process of linking the CD20 MAB to a radioactive isotope to make the patient-ready dosage form of Zevalin). These patents expire over a wide range of dates beginning in 2009, but the licensed patents covering the CD-20 MAB itself do not begin to expire until 2015. Additionally, we have pending United States patent applications covering the compounding process, and will consider filing more patent applications, if the opportunity arises. For belinostat, there are composition of matter patents that cover belinostat and related compounds that do not begin to expire until 2021. Currently, there are multiple United States and foreign patent applications pending that cover belinostat formulations, uses and manufacturing and synthesis processes. We plan to file additional United States and foreign patent applications covering new formulations, uses and manufacturing and synthesis processes, where appropriate. For apaziquone, there is a United States formulation patent that does not expire until 2022. We have filed and plan to file additional United States and foreign patent applications covering new formulations and/or uses for this product. For ozarelix, there is a United States composition patent that will expire in 2020, and method of use and formulation patent applications on file in the United States. For ortataxel, there are two United States composition patents that will expire in 2013 and multiple manufacturing and synthesis patents that do not begin to expire till 2021, and the corresponding European patents will expire in 2014. We anticipate filing new method of use and formulation patent applications for the ortataxel product in the future. There is one United States patent covering satraplatin, a method of use patent that expires in 2010. For elsamitrucin, we have filed United States and foreign formulation and method of use patent applications, and we anticipate filing future United States and foreign patent applications covering new formulations and/or uses for this product. For lucanthone, there is a United States method of use patent that expires in 2019. For RenaZorb, there is one method of use patent that expires in 2024 and pending United States and foreign patent applications covering compositions of matter directed to treating hyperphosphatemia. For SPI-1620, we have filed method of use patent applications in the United States and Europe. For SPI-205, there is a United States composition and method of use patent that expires in 2010. This patent expires in certain European countries in 2011. We also have multiple United States method of use patents that expire in 2021 and 2022, and there is ongoing prosecution for their European counterparts. We have also filed another method of use patent application in the United States and Europe and anticipate filing future patent applications pending the continued development of new methods of use and new formulations. We are constantly evaluating our patent portfolio and are currently prosecuting patent applications for our drug products and are considering new patent applications in order to maximize the life cycle of each of our products.
 
While the United States and the European Union are currently the largest potential markets for most of our products, we also have patents issued and patent applications pending outside of the United States and Europe. Limitations on patent protection in these countries, and the differences in what constitutes patentable subject matter in countries outside the United States, may limit the protection we have on patents issued or licensed to us outside of the United States. In addition, laws of foreign countries may not protect our intellectual property to the same extent as would laws in the United States. To minimize our costs and expenses and to maintain effective protection, we usually focus our patent and licensing activities within the United States, the European Union, Canada and Japan. In determining whether or not to seek a patent or to license any patent in a certain foreign country, we weigh the relevant costs and benefits, and consider, among other things, the market potential and profitability, the scope of patent protection afforded by the law of the jurisdiction and its enforceability, and the nature of terms with any potential licensees. Failure to obtain adequate patent protection for our proprietary drugs and technology would impair our ability to be commercially competitive in these markets.


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In addition to the specific intellectual property subjects discussed above, we have trademark protection in the United States for Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.®, Fusilev®, Turning Insights Into Hopetm, Zevalin® and RenaZorb®. Additionally, for some other of these and other works related to our business, we have pending United States and ex-United States trademark applications. EOquin® is a registered trademark of Allergan.
 
In conducting our business generally, we rely upon trade secrets, know-how, and licensing arrangements and use customary practices for the protection of our confidential and proprietary information such as confidentiality agreements and trade secret protection measures, such as periodic internal and external trade secret audits. It is possible that these agreements will be breached or will not be enforceable in every instance, and that we will not have adequate remedies for any such breach. It is also possible that our trade secrets or know-how will otherwise become known or independently developed by competitors. The protection of know-how is particularly important because the know-how is often the necessary or useful information that allows us to practice the claims in the patents related to our proprietary drug products.
 
We may find it necessary to initiate litigation to enforce our patent rights, to protect our trade secrets or know-how or to determine the scope and validity of the proprietary rights of others. Litigation concerning patents, trademarks, copyrights and proprietary technologies can often be protracted and expensive and, as with litigation generally, the outcome is inherently uncertain. See Item 1A “Risk Factors” for more information.
 
The Patent Process
 
The United States Constitution provides Congress with the authority to provide inventors the exclusive right to their discoveries. Congress codified this right in United States Code Title 35, which gave the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) the right to grant patents to inventors and defined the process for securing a United States patent. This process involves the filing of a patent application that teaches a person having ordinary skill in the respective art how to make and use the invention in clear and concise terms. The invention must be novel (not previously known) and non-obvious (not an obvious extension of what is already known). The patent application concludes with a series of claims that specifically describe the subject matter that the patent applicant considers his invention.
 
The USPTO undertakes an examination process that can take from one to seven years, or more, depending on the complexity of the patent and the problems encountered during examination.
 
In exchange for disclosing the invention to the public, for all United States patent applications filed after 1995, the successful patent applicant is currently provided a right to exclude others from making, using or selling the claimed invention for a period of 20 years from the effective filing date of the patent application.
 
Under certain circumstances, a patent term may be extended. Patent extensions are most frequently granted in the pharmaceutical and medical device industries under the Drug Price Competition and Pricing Term Restoration Act of 1984 (Hatch-Waxman Act) to recover some of the time lost during the FDA regulatory process, subject to a number of limitations and exceptions. The patent term may be extended up to a maximum of five years; however, as a general rule, the average extension period granted for a new drug is approximately three years. Only one patent can be extended per FDA approved product, and a patent can only be extended once.
 
Product Exclusivity
 
Under the Hatch-Waxman Act, drug products are provided exclusivity whereby the FDA will not accept applications to market a generic form of an innovator reference listed drug product until the end of the prescribed period. A product is granted a five-year period of exclusivity if it contains a chemical entity never previously approved by the FDA either alone or in combination, although generic applications may be submitted after four years if they contain a certification of patent invalidity or non-infringement as further discussed below. A three-year period of exclusivity is granted to a previously approved product based on certain changes, e.g., in strength, dosage form, route of administration or conditions of use, where the application is supported by new clinical investigations that are essential to approval. In addition, in 1997 Congress amended the law to provide an additional six months of exclusivity as a reward for studying drugs in children. This pediatric exclusivity, which can be obtained during the approval process or after approval, effectively delays the approval of a generic application until six months after the


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expiration of any patent or other exclusivity that would otherwise delay approval, thus providing an additional six months free of generic competition. In order to qualify for pediatric exclusivity, the FDA must make a written request for pediatric studies, the application holder must agree to the request and complete the studies with required timeframe, and the studies must be accepted by the FDA based on a determination that the studies fairly respond to the request. The provisions were enacted with a five-year sunset date, and have been reauthorized in 2002 and 2007. The current provisions are set to expire in October 2012, and Congress is likely to consider reauthorizing the statute again.
 
Generic Approval and Patent Certification
 
The Hatch-Waxman Act also created the abbreviated new drug application (ANDA) approval process, which permits the approval of a generic version of a previously approved branded drug without the submission of a full new drug application (NDA) and based in part on the FDA’s finding of safety and effectiveness for the reference listed drug. Applicants submitting an NDA are required to list patents associated with the drug product, which are published in the FDA Orange Book, and the timing of an ANDA approval depends in part on patent protection for the branded drug. When an ANDA is filed, the applicant must file a certification for each of the listed patents for the branded drug, stating one of the following: (1) that there is no patent information listed; (2) that such patent has expired; (3) that the patent will expire on a particular date (indicating that the ANDA may be approved on that date); or (4) that the drug for which approval is sought either does not infringe the patent or the patent is invalid, otherwise known as paragraph IV certification. If an ANDA applicant files a paragraph IV certification, it is required to provide the patent holder with notice of that certification. If the patent holder brings suit against the ANDA applicant for patent infringement within 45 days of receiving notice, the FDA may not approve the ANDA until the earlier of (1) 30 months from the patent holder’s receipt of the notice (the 30-month stay) or (2) the issuance of a final, non-appealed, or non-appealable court decision finding the patent invalid, unenforceable or not infringed.
 
The Hatch-Waxman Act also provided an incentive for generic manufacturers to file paragraph iv certifications challenging patents that may be invalid unenforceable, or not infringed, whereby the first company to successfully challenge a listed patent and receive ANDA approval is protected from competition from subsequent generic versions of the same drug product for 180 days after the earlier of (1) the date of the first commercial marketing of the first-filed ANDA applicant’s generic drug or (2) the date of a decision of a court in an action holding the relevant patent invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed. These 180-day exclusivity provisions have been the subject of litigation and administrative review, and the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA) amended the provisions in several ways, including by providing that an ANDA applicant entitled to 180-day exclusivity may lose such exclusivity if any of the following events occur: (1) failure to market; (2) withdrawal of the ANDA; (3) change in patent certification; (4) failure to obtain tentative approval; (5) illegal settlement agreement; and (6) patent expiration.
 
With respect to the illegal settlement prong, the MMA amendments require that certain types of settlement agreements entered into between branded and generic pharmaceutical companies related to the manufacture, marketing and sale of generic versions of branded drugs are required to be filed with the Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice for review of potential anti-competitive practices. This requirement could affect the manner in which generic drug manufacturers resolve intellectual property litigation and other disputes with branded pharmaceutical companies, and could result generally in an increase in private-party litigation against pharmaceutical companies. The impact of this requirement, and the potential governmental investigations and private-party lawsuits associated with arrangements between brand name and generic drug manufacturers, remains uncertain and could adversely affect our business. In addition, Congress has considered enacting legislation that would prohibit such settlements between brand name and generic drug manufacturers. Such a provision was considered as part of the recently enacted healthcare reform, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) signed into law on March 23, 2010. However, Congress removed the provision prior to passage. It is possible that Congress will again consider a ban on such settlements between brand name and generic drug manufacturers in the future.
 
With the passage of the PPACA, there are now exclusivity protections for certain innovator biological products and a framework for FDA review and approval of biosimilar and interchangeable versions of innovator biologic products. The PPACA provides that no application for a biosimilar product may be approved until 12 years after the date on which the innovator product was first licensed, and no application may be submitted until four years after


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the date of first licensure. Products deemed interchangeable (as opposed to biosimilar) are also eligible for certain exclusivity.
 
Please also read our discussion of patent and intellectual property matters in Item 1A “Risk Factors” section of this report.
 
Orphan Drug Designation
 
Some jurisdictions, including Europe and the United States, may designate drugs for relatively small patient populations as “orphan” drugs. The FDA may grant orphan drug designation to a drug intended to treat a rare disease or condition that affects fewer than 200,000 individuals in the United States, and a drug may also be considered an orphan even if the drug treats a disease or condition affecting more than 200,000 individuals in the United States where the drug has no expected profitability. Orphan drug designation does not necessarily convey any advantage in, or shorten the duration of, the regulatory review and process for marketing approval. If a product with an orphan drug designation subsequently receives the first FDA approval for the indication for which it has such designation, the product is entitled to seven years of orphan drug exclusivity, during which time FDA will not approve any other application to market the same drug for the same indication except in limited circumstances, such as a showing of clinical superiority to the product with orphan exclusivity. Also, competitors are not prohibited from receiving approval to market the same drug or biologic for a different indication than that which received orphan approval.
 
Under European Union medicines laws, the criteria for designating an “orphan medicinal product” are similar in principle to those in the United States. Criteria for orphan designation are set out in Article 3 of Regulation (EC) 141/2000 on the basis of two alternative conditions. A medicinal product may be designated as orphan if it is intended for the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of a life-threatening or chronically debilitating condition affecting not more than five in 10 thousand persons in the European Union (EU) when the application is made. This is commonly known as the “disease prevalence criterion” Alternatively, a product may be so designated if it is intended for the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of a life-threatening, seriously debilitating or serious and chronic condition in the EU and if without incentives it is unlikely that the marketing of the product in the EU would generate sufficient return to justify the necessary investment. This is commonly known as the “insufficient return criterion.”
 
These two alternative criteria must cumulatively meet the second condition that there exists no satisfactory method of diagnosis, prevention or treatment of the condition in question that has been authorized in the EU, or if such a method exists, the product will be of significant benefit to those affected by the condition. “Significant benefit” is defined in Regulation (EC) 847/2000 as a clinically relevant advantage or a major contribution to patient care.
 
Upon grant of a marketing authorization, orphan medicinal products are entitled to ten years of market exclusivity in respect of the approved therapeutic indication. Within the period of market exclusivity, no competent authority in the EU is permitted to accept an application for marketing authorization, a variation or a line-extension for the same approved therapeutic indication in respect of a similar medicinal product pursuant to Article 8.1 of Regulation 141/2000 unless one of derogations set out in Article 8.3 of the same Regulation applies. In order to determine whether two products are considered similar, Regulation 847/2000 requires an assessment of the principal molecular structure and the underlying mode of action. Any minor variation or modification of the principal molecular structure would not ordinarily render the second product dissimilar to the first authorized product.
 
In order for the second applicant to break the market exclusivity granted to the first authorized similar medicinal product in respect of the same therapeutic indication, the second applicant would principally rely upon data to demonstrate that his product is safer, more efficacious or clinically superior to the first product pursuant to Article 8.3(c) of Regulation 141/2000. Ordinarily, such an assessment will require a head-to-head comparative clinical trial for the purpose of demonstrating clinical superiority.
 
The 10-year market exclusivity may be reduced to 6 years if at the end of the fifth year it is established that the product no longer meets the criteria for orphan designation on the basis of available evidence.


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Fusilev has been granted orphan drug designations for its use in conjunction with high dose methotrexate in the treatment of osteosarcoma and for its use in combination chemotherapy with the approved agent 5-fluorouracil in the palliative treatment of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum (colorectal cancer). In addition, belinostat has been granted an orphan drug designation for PTCL. As discussed above, a drug with orphan designation status may obtain orphan exclusivity upon marketing approval under specified conditions set out in the applicable laws and regulations.
 
Governmental Regulation
 
The development, production and marketing of our proprietary and generic drug products are subject to regulation for safety, efficacy and quality by numerous governmental authorities in the United States and other countries. In the United States, drugs are subject to rigorous regulation. The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended from time to time, and the regulations promulgated there under, as well as other federal and state statutes and regulations, govern, among other things, the development, approval, manufacture, safety, labeling, storage, record keeping, distribution, promotion, and advertising of our products. Product development and approval within this regulatory framework, including for drugs already at a clinical stage of development, can take many years and require the expenditure of substantial resources, and to obtain FDA approval, a product must satisfy mandatory procedures and safety and efficacy requirements. In addition, each drug-manufacturing establishment must be registered with the FDA. Domestic manufacturing establishments must comply with the FDA’s current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) regulations and are subject to inspections by the FDA. To supply drug ingredients or products for use in the United States, foreign manufacturing establishments must also comply with cGMP and are subject to inspections by the FDA or by other regulatory authorities in certain countries under reciprocal agreements with the FDA.
 
General Information about the Drug Approval Process and Post-Marketing Requirements
 
The United States system of new drug approval is one of the most rigorous in the world. Only a small percentage of compounds that enter the pre-clinical testing stage are ever approved for commercialization. Our strategy focuses on in-licensing clinical stage drug products that are already in or about to enter human clinical trials. A late-stage focus helps us to effectively manage the high cost of drug development by focusing on compounds that have already passed the many hurdles in the pre-clinical and early clinical process.
 
The following general comments about the drug approval process are relevant to the development activities we are undertaking with our proprietary drugs.
 
Pre-clinical Testing:  During the pre-clinical testing stage, laboratory and animal studies are conducted to show biological activity of a drug compound against the targeted disease and the compound is evaluated for safety.
 
Investigational New Drug Application:  After pre-clinical testing, an Investigational New Drug, or IND, Application is submitted to the FDA to request the ability to begin human testing of the drug. An IND becomes effective thirty days after the FDA receives the application (unless the FDA notifies the sponsor of a clinical hold), or upon prior notification by the FDA.
 
Phase 1 Clinical Trials:  These trials, typically involving small numbers of healthy volunteers or patients, usually define a drug candidate’s safety profile, including the safe dosage range.
 
Phase 2 Clinical Trials:  In phase 2 clinical trials, controlled studies of human patients with the targeted disease are conducted to assess the drug’s effectiveness. These studies are designed primarily to determine the appropriate dose levels, dose schedules and route(s) of administration, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug on humans, as well as to determine if there are any side effects on humans to expand the safety profile following phase 1. These clinical trials, and phase 3 trials discussed below, are designed to evaluate the drug’s overall benefit-risk profile, and to provide information to inform physician labeling.
 
Phase 3 Clinical Trials:  This phase usually involves larger number of patients with the targeted disease. Investigators (typically physicians) monitor the patients to determine the drug candidate’s efficacy and to observe and report any adverse reactions that may result from long-term use of the drug on a large, more widespread, patient population. During the phase 3 clinical trials, typically the drug candidate is compared to either a placebo or a standard treatment for the target disease.


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New Drug Application:  After completion of all three clinical trial phases, if the data indicates that the drug is safe and effective, a NDA is filed with the FDA requesting FDA approval to market the new drug as a treatment for the target disease.
 
Fast Track and Priority Review:  The FDA has established procedures for accelerating the approval of drugs to be marketed for serious or life threatening diseases for which the manufacturer can demonstrate the potential to address unmet medical needs.
 
Abbreviated New Drug Application:  An ANDA is the abbreviated review and approval process created by the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 signed into law in part for the accelerated approval of generic drugs. When a company files an ANDA, it must make a patent certification regarding the patents covering the branded product listed in the FDA’s Orange Book. An ANDA applicant must make one of four certifications: (1) that there is no patent information listed in the Orange Book; (2) that the listed patent has expired; (3) that the listed patent will expire on a stated date and the applicant will not market the product until the patent expires; or (4) that the listed patent is invalid or will not be infringed by the generic product. The ANDA drug development and approval process generally takes less time than the NDA drug development and approval process since the ANDA process usually does not require new clinical trials establishing the safety and efficacy of the drug product.
 
NDA and ANDA Approval:  The FDA approves drugs that are subject to NDA review based on data in the application demonstrating the drug is safe and effective in its proposed use(s) and that the drug’s benefits outweigh its risks. FDA will also review the NDA applicant’s manufacturing process and controls to ensure they are adequate to preserve the drug’s identity, strength, quality, and purity, and FDA will review and approve the drug’s proposed labeling. As for the ANDA approval process, these “abbreviated” applications are generally not required to include preclinical or clinical data to establish safety and effectiveness. Rather, an ANDA must demonstrate both chemical equivalence and bio-equivalence (the rate and extent of absorption in the body) to the innovator drug — unless a bio-equivalence waiver is granted by the FDA.
 
Phase 4 Clinical Trials:  After a drug has been approved by the FDA, phase 4 studies may be conducted to explore additional patient populations, compare the drug to a competitor, or to further study the risks, benefits and optimal use of a drug. These studies may be a requirement as a condition of the initial approval of the NDA.
 
Post-Approval Studies Requirements under FDAAA:  The Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007 (FDAAA), which President Bush signed into law in September 2007, significantly added to the FDA’s authority to require post-approval studies. Under the FDAAA, if the FDA becomes aware of new safety information after approval of a product, they may require us to conduct further clinical trials to assess a known serious risk, signals of serious risk or to identify an unexpected serious risk. If required to conduct a post-approval study, periodic status reports must be submitted to the FDA. Failure to conduct such post-approval studies in a timely manner may result in administrative action being taken by FDA, including substantial civil fines.
 
Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy Authority under FDAAA:  The FDAAA also gave the FDA new authority to require the implementation of a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) for a product when necessary to minimize known and preventable safety risks associated with the product. The FDA may require the submission of a REMS before a product is approved, or after approval based on “new safety information,” including new analyses of existing safety information. A REMS may include a medication guide, patient package insert, a plan for communication with healthcare providers, or other elements as the FDA deems are necessary to assure safe use of the product, which could include imposing certain restrictions on distribution or use of a product. A REMS must include a timetable for submission of assessments of the strategy at specified time intervals. Failure to comply with a REMS — including the submission of a required assessment — may result in substantial civil or criminal penalties.
 
Other Issues Related to Product Safety:  Adverse events that are reported after marketing approval also can result in additional limitations being placed on a product’s use and, potentially, withdrawal of the product from the market. In addition, under the FDAAA, the FDA has authority to mandate labeling changes to products at any point in a product’s lifecycle based on new safety information derived from clinical trials, post-approval studies, peer-reviewed medical literature, or post-market risk identification and analysis systems data.


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FDA Enforcement
 
The development of drug products, as well as the marketing of approved drugs, is subject to substantial continuing regulation by the FDA, including regulation of adverse event reporting, manufacturing practices and the advertising and promotion of the drug. Failure to comply with the FDA and other governmental regulations can result in fines, unanticipated compliance expenditures, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production and/or distribution, suspension of the FDA’s review of NDAs, ANDAs or other product applications, enforcement actions, injunctions and criminal prosecution. Under certain circumstances, the FDA also has the authority to revoke previously granted drug approvals. Although we have internal compliance programs, if these programs do not meet regulatory agency standards or if our compliance is deemed deficient in any significant way, it could have a material adverse effect on our business. See Item 1A “Risks Factors — Our failure to comply with governmental regulation may delay or prevent approval of our products and/or subject us to penalties.”
 
With respect specifically to information submitted to FDA in support of marketing applications, the FDA, under its Fraud, Untrue Statements of Material Facts, Bribery and Illegal Gratuities Policy, can significantly delay the approval of a marketing application — or seek to withdraw an approved application — where it identifies fraud or discrepancies in regulatory submissions. Such actions by the FDA may significantly delay or suspend substantive scientific review of a pending application during validity assessment or remove approved products from the market until the assessment is complete and questions regarding reliability of the data are resolved. In addition, the Generic Drug Enforcement Act of 1992 established penalties for wrongdoing in connection with the development or submission of an ANDA. Under this Act, the FDA has the authority to permanently or temporarily bar companies or individuals from submitting or assisting in the submission of an ANDA, and to temporarily deny approval and suspend applications to market generic drugs. The FDA may also suspend the distribution of all drugs approved or developed in connection with certain wrongful conduct and/or withdraw approval of an ANDA and seek civil penalties.
 
Healthcare Reform
 
Continuing studies of the proper utilization, safety and efficacy of pharmaceuticals and other health care products are being conducted by industry, government agencies and others. Such studies, which increasingly employ sophisticated methods and techniques, can call into question the utilization, safety and efficacy of previously marketed products and in some cases have resulted, and may in the future result, in the discontinuance of their marketing.
 
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) signed into law on March 23, 2010 creates the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute, a private, non-profit corporation that is tasked with assisting patients, clinician, purchasers, and policy-makers in making informed health decisions. One of the Institute’s initiatives will be to conduct comparative clinical effectiveness research, which is defined as “research evaluating and comparing health outcomes and the clinical effectiveness, risks, and benefits of 2 or more medical treatments, services, and items.” It is important to note that the Institute would not be permitted to mandate coverage, reimbursement, or other policies for any public or private payer.
 
Foreign Regulation
 
Whether or not we obtain FDA approval for a product, we must obtain approval of a product by the comparable regulatory authorities of foreign countries before we can commence clinical trials or marketing of the product in those countries. The approval process varies from country/region to country/region, and the time may be longer or shorter than that required for FDA approval. The requirements governing the conduct of clinical trials, product licensing, pricing and reimbursement also may vary, sometimes significantly, from country/region to country/region.
 
Under the European Union regulatory systems, we may submit marketing authorization applications either under a centralized procedure or decentralized procedure or the mutual recognition procedure. The centralized procedure is mandatory for medicines produced by a biotechnological process. The procedure is also mandatory for new active substances which are indicated for treatment of several diseases or conditions, including cancer and orphan conditions. Companies may apply for centralized assessment if the product contains a new active substance


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or the product constitutes significant therapeutic, scientific or technical innovation or the granting of authorization under the centralized procedure is in the interests of the EU patients. A centralized marketing authorization is valid in all European Union member states. This marketing authorization is issued in the form of a Commission decision which is legally binding in its entirety to which it is addressed.
 
Directive 2004/27/EC introduced two Community parallel procedures to the centralized procedure to allow a product to be progressively authorized in each of the member states of the EU. They are the decentralized procedure and the mutual recognition procedure. The mutual recognition procedure applies where the product has already been authorized in a member state of the EU that will act as reference member state. The national marketing authorization granted by the reference member state forms the basis for mutual recognition in the member states chosen by the applicant. In the decentralized procedure, the product in question is not authorized in any one the EU member states. In such a situation, the applicant company will request a member state to act as the reference member state to lead the scientific assessment for the benefit/risk balance for agreement by the concerned member states. In both cases, the concerned member states have up to 90 days to accept or raise reasoned objections to the assessment made by the reference member state.
 
In addition, pricing and reimbursement is subject to negotiation and regulation in most countries outside the United States. Increasingly, adoption of a new product for use in national health services is subject to health technology assessment under the national rules and regulations to establish the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a new treatment. In some countries, in order to contain health care expenditures, reference price is introduced in order for the national healthcare providers to achieve a price comparable to the reference price in the same therapeutic category. We may therefore face the risk that the resulting prices would be insufficient to generate an acceptable return to us.
 
Third Party Reimbursement and Pricing Controls
 
In the United States and elsewhere, sales of pharmaceutical products depend in significant part on the availability of reimbursement to the consumer from third-party payers, such as government and private insurance plans. Third-party payers are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical products and services. It is time-consuming and expensive for us to go through the process of seeking reimbursement from Medicare and private payers. Our products may not be considered cost effective, and coverage and reimbursement may not be available or sufficient to allow us to sell our products on a competitive and profitable basis.
 
The PPACA enacted significant reforms, including revising the definition of “average manufacturer price” for reporting purposes, increasing Medicaid rebates, expanding the 340B drug discount program, and making changes to affect the Medicare Part D coverage gap, or “donut hole.” In the coming years, additional significant changes could be made to governmental healthcare programs, and the United States healthcare system as a whole, that may result in significantly increased rebates, decreased pricing flexibility, diminished negotiating flexibility, coverage and reimbursement limitations based upon comparative and cost-effectiveness reviews, and other measures that could significantly impact the success of our products.
 
In many foreign markets, including the countries in the EU, pricing of pharmaceutical products is subject to governmental control. In the United States, there have been, and we expect that there will continue to be, a number of federal and state proposals to implement similar governmental pricing control. While we cannot predict whether such legislative or regulatory proposals will be adopted, the adoption of such proposals could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and profitability.
 
Employees
 
The efforts of our employees are critical to our success. We believe that we have assembled a strong management team with the experience and expertise needed to execute our business strategy. We anticipate hiring additional personnel as needs dictate to implement our growth strategy. As of December 31, 2009, we had 158 employees, of which 8 held a M.D. degree, 16 held a Ph.D. degree and 3 held a Pharm. D degree. We cannot be sure that we will be able to attract and retain qualified personnel in sufficient numbers to meet our needs. Our employees are not subject to any collective bargaining agreements, and we regard our relations with our employees to be good.


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Corporate Background and Available Information
 
We are a Delaware corporation that was originally incorporated in Colorado as Americus Funding Corporation in December 1987, became NeoTherapeutics, Inc. in August 1996, was reincorporated in Delaware in June 1997, and was renamed Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in December 2002.
 
We also maintain websites located at http://www.sppirx.com and http://www.spectrumpharm.com, and electronic copies of our periodic and current reports, proxy statements for our annual stockholder’s meetings, and any amendments to those reports, are available, free of charge, under the “Investor Relations” link on our website as soon as practicable after such material is filed with, or furnished to, the SEC.
 
For financial information regarding our business activities, please see “Item 8 — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
 
Item 1A.   Risk Factors
 
An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects can be impacted by a number of factors, any one of which could cause our actual results to differ materially from recent results or from our anticipated future results. As a result, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment. You should carefully consider the risks described below with all of the other information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Failure to satisfactorily achieve any of our objectives or avoid any of the risks below would likely have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
 
Risks Related to Our Business
 
Like other early-stage biotech companies, we have a history of operating losses and our losses may continue to increase as we expand our commercialization and development efforts, and our efforts may never result in profitability.
 
Our cumulative losses since our inception in 1987 through December 31, 2009 were approximately $262.0 million. Our net losses in 2009, 2008 and 2007 were approximately $19.0 million, $14.2 million and $22.0 million, respectively, after recording approximately $8.1 million, $1.3 million and $12.1 million, respectively, of warrant based income due to our restatement of previously issued financial statements. We expect to continue to incur additional losses as we implement our growth strategy of commercializing our approved drug products and developing our pipeline products for at least the next few years. We may never achieve significant revenues from sales of products or become profitable. Even if we eventually generate significant revenues from sales, we will likely continue to incur losses over the next several years.
 
Our business does not generate sufficient cash to finance our ongoing operations and therefore, we will likely need to continue to raise additional capital.
 
Our current commercial operations do not generate sufficient operating cash to finance the clinical development of all our drug products, to commercialize our approved drug products and to capitalize on growth opportunities. While we have been successful recently in generating funds through the licensing and sale of our assets, we have historically relied primarily on raising capital through the sale of our securities and out-licensing our drug products to meet our financial needs. Although we began selling products in 2008, we believe that in the near-term we will likely need to continue to raise funds in order to continue drug product commercialization, development and acquisition.
 
We may not be able to raise additional capital on favorable terms, if at all, particularly with the current volatile financial market conditions. Accordingly, we may be forced to significantly change our business plans and restructure our operations to conserve cash, which would likely involve out-licensing or selling some or all of our intellectual, technological and tangible property not presently contemplated and at terms that we believe would not be favorable to us, and/or reducing the scope and nature of our currently planned drug development and commercialization activities. An inability to raise additional capital would also materially impact our ability to expand operations.


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Clinical trials may fail to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of our drug products, which could prevent or significantly delay obtaining regulatory approval.
 
Prior to receiving approval to commercialize any of our drug products, we must demonstrate with substantial evidence from well-controlled clinical trials, and to the satisfaction of the FDA, and other regulatory authorities in the United States and other countries, that each of the products is both safe and effective. For each drug product, we will need to demonstrate its efficacy and monitor its safety throughout the process. If such development is unsuccessful, our business and reputation would be harmed and our stock price would be adversely affected.
 
All of our drug products are prone to the risks of failure inherent in drug development. Clinical trials of new drug products sufficient to obtain regulatory marketing approval are expensive and take years to complete. We may not be able to successfully complete clinical testing within the time frame we have planned, or at all. We may experience numerous unforeseen events during, or as a result of, the clinical trial process that could delay or prevent us from receiving regulatory approval or commercializing our drug products. In addition, the results of pre-clinical studies and early-stage clinical trials of our drug products do not necessarily predict the results of later-stage clinical trials. Later-stage clinical trials may fail to demonstrate that a drug product is safe and effective despite having progressed through initial clinical testing. Even if we believe the data collected from clinical trials of our drug products is promising, such data may not be sufficient to support approval by the FDA or any other United States or foreign regulatory approval. Pre-clinical and clinical data can be interpreted in different ways.
 
Accordingly, FDA officials could interpret such data in different ways than we or our partners do, which could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval. The FDA, other regulatory authorities, our institutional review boards, our contract research organizations, or we may suspend or terminate our clinical trials for our drug products. Any failure or significant delay in completing clinical trials for our drug products, or in receiving regulatory approval for the sale of any drugs resulting from our drug products, may severely harm our business and reputation. Even if we receive FDA and other regulatory approvals, our drug products may later exhibit adverse effects that may limit or prevent their widespread use, may cause the FDA to revoke, suspend or limit their approval, or may force us to withdraw products derived from those drug products from the market.
 
If we are unable to effectively maintain and expand our sales and marketing capabilities, we may be unable to successfully commercialize our approved products.
 
Historically, we have had limited internal experience in selling, marketing or distributing pharmaceutical products. However, we have recently built a commercial team to market our approved products and we continue to seek top talent to add to the team. If we are not able to effectively hire and maintain qualified individuals as part of our commercial team, our product sales and resulting revenues will be negatively impacted.
 
If we are unable to maintain or obtain improved reimbursement rates for Zevalin, the product’s operating results may be harmed, which could adversely affect our financial and operating results.
 
Effective January 1, 2010, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) finalized a policy to allow reimbursement for Zevalin in the Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System (HOPPS), based on the Average Sales Price (ASP) methodology applicable to other injectable drugs and biologicals. We will seek a consistent reimbursement methodology in the community clinic setting. If we are not able to maintain this reimbursement methodology in the HOPPS setting or obtain one in the community setting, we could face significant difficulty in getting health care providers to prescribe Zevalin, which will have an adverse impact on the product’s expected operating results, and in turn adversely impact our financial and operating results.
 
We may face difficulties in achieving broader market acceptance of Zevalin if we do not invest significantly in our sales and marketing infrastructure.
 
United States sales of Zevalin have declined over the several years prior to our acquisition of the Zevalin assets. We believe that an enhanced sales and marketing strategy for Zevalin, in conjunction with efforts to obtain approval by the FDA for expanded uses of Zevalin, has significant potential to increase sales of and revenue from Zevalin over the next few years. However, implementation of the sales and marketing strategy for Zevalin, and the efforts to expand approved usage of Zevalin, will require a continued significant investment of financial and other resources


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by us for the foreseeable future and may not ultimately increase Zevalin sales or allow us to realize the anticipated benefits from our investment in the product. Additionally, our efforts to establish an effective commercial team for Zevalin will require significant commitments of both financial and management resources by us, and may not ultimately be successful due a variety of factors, including industry competition for effective commercial personnel or the inability of us to dedicate the necessary resources to those efforts.
 
Although chemotherapy is still the backbone to B-cell follicular NHL, monoclonal antibody development has been paramount to the success of therapeutic options for this tumor type. Rituximab, a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, whether as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy (CHOP-R, CVP-R) has been a mainstay in the therapeutic options for low grade follicular NHL. Much ongoing research has focused on optimizing monoclonal antibody use, integrating them into multi-agent regimens, and developing newer antibodies. Attempts to improve the efficacy of monoclonal antibody-based therapy have included altering the dosing schedule, optimizing patient selection, maintenance therapy, and improving upon radioimmunotherapy, as well as combinations with cytotoxic molecules and other novel agents. The eventual goal of targeted therapies is to individualize treatment to increase response and survival, while reducing treatment-related toxicity.
 
There are many monoclonal antibodies in development for NHL, including Ofatumumab, Veltuzumab, GA 101, AME-133 (all targeting CD20), Galizimab (targeting CD80), Dacetuzumab (targeting CD40), Lucatumumab (targeting CD40), Alemtuzumab (targeting CD52). Furthermore, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis ligand, small modular immunopharmaceuticals, drug-antibody conjugates are also in the competitive landscape and under development for low grade NHL.
 
In addition, Treanda (Bendamustine), a chemotherapeutic, approved in the area of indolent B-cell NHL that has progressed during or within six months of treatment with rituximab or a rituximab-containing regimen, has emerged as a competitive force for Zevalin in both the relapsed, refractory setting and in the first line setting (BR — in combination with Rituximab).
 
There are three key trials in first line therapy of follicular lymphoma. The ECOG 4402/RESORT trial is comparing rituximab maintenance and re-treatment on progression after a CR or PR to initial rituximab treatment in patients with low tumor burden. The GELA PRIMA trial is examining maintenance rituximab versus observation in patients with high tumor burden achieving a CRor PR with CHOP, CVP, or FCM plus rituximab. The SWOG 0016 trial is comparing R-CHOP with CHOP followed by Bexxar® in patients with high tumor burden.
 
We are aware of several competitors attempting to develop and market products competitive to Zevalin, which may reduce or eliminate our commercial opportunity.
 
The pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries are intensely competitive and subject to rapid and significant technological changes, and a number of companies are pursuing the development of pharmaceuticals and products that target the same diseases and conditions that Zevalin targets.
 
We cannot predict with accuracy the timing or impact of the introduction of potentially competitive products or their possible effect on our sales. Certain potentially competitive products to Zevalin are in various stages of development, some of which have been filed for approval with the FDA or have been approved by regulatory authorities in other countries. Also, there are many ongoing studies with currently marketed products including Rituxan®, Treanda® and other developmental products, which may yield new data that could adversely impact the use of Zevalin in specific states for which it has obtained FDA approval
 
Some of the companies developing competing technologies and products have significantly greater financial resources and expertise in development, manufacturing, obtaining regulatory approvals, and marketing than we do. Other smaller companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements with large and established companies.
 
The introduction of competitive products to Zevalin could significantly reduce the sales of Zevalin, which, in turn would adversely impact our financial and operating results.


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The intellectual property and assets owned by our subsidiary, RIT, are subject to a security agreement with Biogen that secures the entity’s payment and other obligations to Biogen, and we have guaranteed all of those obligations.
 
In connection with the formation of RIT, RIT entered into a security agreement with Biogen pursuant to which RIT granted to Biogen a first priority security interest in all of its assets, which consist of the Zevalin-related intellectual property and other assets RIT. The security agreement secures certain payment, indemnification and other obligations of RIT to Biogen related to Zevalin. If RIT were to default on certain of its obligations to Biogen, or in certain other circumstances generally related to a bankruptcy or insolvency of RIT, Biogen could seek to foreclose on the collateral under the security agreement to obtain satisfaction of RIT’s obligations to it. If RIT were to default on its obligations to Biogen, and Biogen were to foreclose on the collateral under the security agreement, RIT’s business could be materially and adversely impacted, which could in turn materially and adversely impact our investment in RIT and our financial condition and results of operations.
 
Furthermore, in connection with the formation of RIT we guaranteed all of RIT’s obligations to Biogen. If RIT were to default on its obligations to Biogen, Biogen could require us alone to satisfy all of those obligations under our guarantee.
 
The financial and other obligations that we would incur could have a material and adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
 
If we are unable to expand the approved usage of Fusilev, the product’s operating results may be harmed, which could adversely affect our financial and operating results.
 
We have filed a supplemental new drug application for Fusilev for use in combination with 5-FU-containing regimens in the treatment of colorectal cancer. The greatest potential use of this product is in this indication. If we are not able to obtain approval for this indication, we may not recognize the full anticipated value of our investment in the product and our financial and operating results could be adversely affected.
 
Our drug product Fusilev may not be more cost-effective than competing drugs and otherwise may not have any competitive advantage, which could hinder our ability to successfully commercialize it.
 
Fusilev is a novel folate analog formulation and the pharmacologically active isomer (the levo-isomer) of the racemic compound calcium leucovorin, a product already approved for the same indications our product is approved for. Leucovorin has been sold as a generic product on the market for a number of years. There are generic companies currently selling the product and therefore, Fusilev competes against a low-cost alternative. Also, Fusilev will be offered as part of a treatment regimen, and that regimen may change to exclude Fusilev. Accordingly, it may not gain acceptance by the medical field or become commercially successful.
 
The marketing and sale of Fusilev and Zevalin may be adversely affected by the marketing and sales efforts of third parties who sell these products outside the United States.
 
We have only licensed the rights to develop, market and sell Fusilev in North America, and have licensed the rights to develop, market and sell Zevalin in the United States. Other companies market and sell the same products in other parts of the world. If, as a result of their actions, negative publicity is associated with the product, our own efforts to successfully market and sell these products, may be adversely impacted.
 
The development of our drug product, apaziquone, may be adversely affected if the development efforts of Allergan, who retained certain rights to the product, are not successful.
 
In 2008, we entered into a co-development and license agreement with Allergan, Inc., or Allergan, for the worldwide development and commercialization of our drug product, apaziquone. Allergan has agreed to partially fund development and commercialization expenses for apaziquone. We do not fully control the drug development process under the license agreement. In addition, if we do not achieve certain milestones under the license agreement and it has been determined that failure to achieve these milestones was a result of our actions or inactions, Allergan is entitled to assume additional control over the development process. As a result, success of this


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product could depend, in part, upon the efforts of Allergan. Allergan may not be successful in the clinical development of the drug, obtaining approval of the product by regulatory authorities, or the eventual commercialization of apaziquone.
 
The development of our drug product, belinostat, may be adversely affected if the development efforts of TopoTarget, who retained certain rights to the product, are not successful.
 
TopoTarget licensed to us the rights to develop and market belinostat in the United States, Canada, Mexico and India. TopoTarget is currently fully funding and overseeing one clinical study underway with Belinostat. In addition, TopoTarget has agreed to partially fund other development expenses for belinostat. We do not fully control the drug development process under our agreement with TopoTarget. TopoTarget, or its partners, may conduct their own clinical trials on belinostat for regulatory approval in all other parts of the world. We will not have control over such development activities and our ability to attain regulatory approvals for belinostat may be adversely impacted if its efforts are not successful.
 
The development of our drug product, ozarelix, may be adversely affected if the development efforts of Aeterna Zentaris, who retained certain rights to the product, are not successful.
 
Aeterna Zentaris licensed to us the rights to develop and market ozarelix in the United States, Canada, Mexico and India. Aeterna Zentaris, or its partners, may conduct their own clinical trials on ozarelix for regulatory approval in all other parts of the world. We will not have control over such development activities and our ability to attain regulatory approvals for ozarelix may be adversely impacted if its efforts are not successful.
 
The development of our drug product, satraplatin, depends on the efforts of a third party and, therefore, its eventual success or commercial viability is largely beyond our control.
 
In 2002, we entered into a co-development and license agreement with GPC, for the worldwide development and commercialization of our drug product, satraplatin. GPC has agreed to fully fund development and commercialization expenses for satraplatin. We do not have control over the drug development process and therefore the success of this product depends upon the efforts of GPC and any of its sublicensees. GPC may not be successful in the clinical development of the drug, obtaining approval of the product by regulatory authorities, or the eventual commercialization of satraplatin.
 
Our dependence on key executives, scientists and sales and marketing personnel could impact the development and management of our business.
 
We are highly dependent upon our ability to attract and retain qualified scientific, technical sales & marketing and managerial personnel. There is intense competition for qualified personnel in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, and we cannot be sure that we will be able to continue to attract and retain the qualified personnel necessary for the development and management of our business. Although we do not believe the loss of one individual would materially harm our business, our business might be harmed by the loss of the services of multiple existing personnel, as well as the failure to recruit additional key scientific, technical and managerial personnel in a timely manner. Much of the know-how we have developed resides in our scientific and technical personnel and is not readily transferable to other personnel. While we have an employment agreement with our Chief Executive Officer, we do not ordinarily enter into employment agreements with our other key scientific, technical and managerial employees.
 
As we evolve from a company primarily involved in development to a company also involved in commercialization, we may encounter difficulties in managing our growth and expanding our operations successfully.
 
We only recently began commercial sales of our products and have had to increase our personnel accordingly, including establishing a direct sales force and complete commercial team. In addition, as we advance our drug products through clinical trials, we will need to expand our development, regulatory, manufacturing, marketing and sales capabilities or contract with third parties to provide these capabilities for us. As our operations expand, we


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expect that we will need to manage additional relationships with such third parties, as well as additional collaborators and suppliers. Maintaining these relationships and managing our future growth will impose significant added responsibilities on members of our management. We must be able to: manage our development efforts effectively; manage our clinical trials effectively; hire, train and integrate additional management, development, administrative and sales and marketing personnel; improve our managerial, development, operational and finance systems and expand our facilities, all of which may impose a strain on our administrative and operational infrastructure.
 
If we acquire additional businesses, we may not successfully integrate their operations.
 
We may acquire additional businesses that complement or augment our existing business. Integrating any newly acquired business could be expensive and time-consuming. We may not be able to integrate any acquired business successfully or operate any acquired business profitably. Our future financial performance will depend, in part, on our ability to manage any future growth effectively and our ability to integrate any acquired businesses. We may not be able to accomplish these tasks, and our failure to accomplish any of them could prevent us from successfully growing our company.
 
Our collaborations with outside scientists may be subject to change, which could limit our access to their expertise.
 
We work with scientific advisors and collaborators at research institutions. These scientists are not our employees and may have other commitments that would limit their availability to us. If a conflict of interest between their work for us and their work for another entity arises, we may lose their services, which could negatively impact our research and development activities.
 
We may rely on contract research organizations and other third parties to conduct clinical trials and, in such cases, we are unable to directly control the timing, conduct and expense of our clinical trials.
 
We may rely, in full or in part, on third parties to conduct our clinical trials. In such situations, we have less control over the conduct of our clinical trials, the timing and completion of the trials, the required reporting of adverse events and the management of data developed through the trial than would be the case if we were relying entirely upon our own staff. Communicating with outside parties can also be challenging, potentially leading to mistakes as well as difficulties in coordinating activities. Outside parties may have staffing difficulties, may undergo changes in priorities or may become financially distressed, adversely affecting their willingness or ability to conduct our trials. We may experience unexpected cost increases that are beyond our control. Problems with the timeliness or quality of the work of a contract research organization may lead us to seek to terminate the relationship and use an alternative service provider. However, making this change may be costly and may delay our trials, and contractual restrictions may make such a change difficult or impossible. Additionally, it may be impossible to find a replacement organization that can conduct our trials in an acceptable manner and at an acceptable cost.
 
We are subject to risks associated with doing business internationally.
 
Since we conduct clinical trials and manufacture our drug products internationally, our business is subject to certain risks inherent in international business, many of which are beyond our control. These risks include, among other things:
 
  •  maintaining compliance with foreign legal requirements, including employment law;
 
  •  unexpected changes in foreign regulatory requirements, including quality standards and other certification requirements;
 
  •  tariffs, customs, duties and other trade barriers;
 
  •  changing economic conditions in countries where our products are manufactured;
 
  •  exchange rate risks;
 
  •  product liability, intellectual property and other claims;


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  •  political instability;
 
  •  new export license requirements; and
 
  •  difficulties in coordinating and managing foreign operations.
 
Any of these factors could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We may not be able to successfully manage these risks or avoid their effects.
 
We may have conflicts with our partners that could delay or prevent the development or commercialization of our drug products.
 
We may have conflicts with our partners, such as conflicts concerning the interpretation of preclinical or clinical data, the achievement of milestones, the interpretation of contractual obligations, payments for services, development obligations or the ownership of intellectual property developed during our collaboration. If any conflicts arise with any of our partners, such partner may act in a manner that is adverse to our best interests. Any such disagreement could result in one or more of the following, each of which could delay or prevent the development or commercialization of our drug product, and in turn prevent us from generating revenues:
 
  •  unwillingness on the part of a partner to pay us milestone payments or royalties that we believe are due to us under a collaboration;
 
  •  uncertainty regarding ownership of intellectual property rights arising from our collaborative activities, which could prevent us from entering into additional collaborations;
 
  •  unwillingness by the partner to cooperate in the development or manufacture of the product, including providing us with product data or materials;
 
  •  unwillingness on the part of a partner to keep us informed regarding the progress of its development and commercialization activities or to permit public disclosure of the results of those activities;
 
  •  initiation of litigation or alternative dispute resolution options by either party to resolve the dispute;
 
  •  attempts by either party to terminate the collaboration;
 
  •  our ability to maintain or defend our intellectual property rights may be compromised by our partner’s acts or omissions;
 
  •  a partner may utilize our intellectual property rights in such a way as to invite litigation that could jeopardize or invalidate our intellectual property rights or expose us to potential liability;
 
  •  a partner may change the focus of their development and commercialization efforts. As previously noted, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies historically have re-evaluated their priorities following mergers and consolidations, which have been common in recent years in these industries. The ability of our products to reach their potential could be limited if future partners decrease or fail to increase spending relating to such products;
 
  •  unwillingness of a partner to fully fund or commit sufficient resources to the testing, marketing, distribution or development of our products;
 
  •  unwillingness or ability of a partner to fulfill their obligations to us. A partner may develop alternative products either on their own or in collaboration with others, or encounter conflicts of interest or changes in business strategy or other business issues; and/or
 
  •  we may not be able to guarantee supplies of development or marketed products.
 
Given these risks, it is possible that any collaborative arrangements which we have or may enter into may not be successful.


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Our efforts to acquire or in-license and develop additional drug products may fail, which might limit our ability to grow our business.
 
Our long-term strategy includes the acquisition or in-license of additional drug products. We are actively seeking to acquire, or in-license, additional commercial drug products as well as drug products that have demonstrated positive pre-clinical and/or clinical data. We have certain criteria that we are looking for in any drug product acquisition and we may not be successful in locating and acquiring, or in-licensing, additional desirable drug products on acceptable terms. In addition, many other large and small companies within the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry seek to establish collaborative arrangements for product research and development, or otherwise acquire products in late-stage clinical development, in competition with us. We face additional competition from public and private research organizations, academic institutions and governmental agencies in establishing collaborative arrangements for drug products in late-stage clinical development. Many of the companies and institutions that compete against us have substantially greater capital resources, research and development staffs and facilities than we have, and greater experience in conducting business development activities. These entities represent significant competition to us as we seek to expand our portfolio through the in-license or acquisition of compounds. Moreover, while it is not feasible to predict the actual cost of acquiring additional drug products, that cost could be substantial and we may need to raise additional financing, which may further dilute existing stockholders, in order to acquire new drug products.
 
From time to time we may need to license patents, intellectual property and proprietary technologies from third parties, which may be difficult or expensive to obtain.
 
We may need to obtain licenses to patents and other proprietary rights held by third parties to successfully develop, manufacture and market our drug products. As an example, it may be necessary to use a third party’s proprietary technology to reformulate one of our drug products in order to improve upon the capabilities of the drug product. If we are unable to timely obtain these licenses on reasonable terms, our ability to commercially exploit our drug products may be inhibited or prevented.
 
We are a small company relative to our principal competitors, and our limited financial resources may limit our ability to develop and market our drug products.
 
Many companies, both public and private, including well-known pharmaceutical companies and smaller niche-focused companies, are developing products to treat many, if not all, of the diseases we are pursuing or are currently distributing drug products that directly compete with the drugs that we sell or that we intend to develop, market and distribute. Many of these companies have substantially greater financial, research and development, manufacturing, marketing and sales experience and resources than us. As a result, our competitors may be more successful than us in developing their products, obtaining regulatory approvals and marketing their products to consumers.
 
Competition for branded or proprietary drugs is less driven by price and is more focused on innovation in the treatment of disease, advanced drug delivery and specific clinical benefits over competitive drug therapies. We may not be successful in any or all of our current clinical studies; or if successful, and if one or more of our drug products is approved by the FDA, we may encounter direct competition from other companies who may be developing products for similar or the same indications as our drug products. Companies that have products on the market or in research and development that target the same indications as our products target include, among others, Abraxis Bioscience, Inc., Astra Zeneca LP, Bayer AG, Endo Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly and Co., Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Genentech, Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, GlaxoSmithKline, Biogen-IDEC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cephalon, Inc., Sanofi-aventis, Inc., Pfizer, Inc., Genta Incorporated, Merck, Celegen Corporate, Allos Therapeutics, Inc., BiPar Sciences, Inc., Genzyme Corporation, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Abbott Laboratories, Poniard Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Roche Pharmaceuticals and Johnson & Johnson who may be more advanced in the development of competing drug products or are more established. Many of our competitors are large and well-capitalized companies focusing on a wide range of diseases and drug indications, and have substantially greater financial, research and development, marketing, human and other resources than we do. Furthermore, large pharmaceutical companies have significantly more experience than we do in pre-clinical testing, human clinical trials and regulatory approval procedures, among other things.


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Our supply of drug products will be dependent upon the production capabilities of contract manufacturing organizations (CMOs) and component and packaging supply sources, and, if such CMOs are not able to meet our demands, we may be limited in our ability to meet demand for our products, ensure regulatory compliance or maximize profit on the sale of our products.
 
We have no internal manufacturing capacity for our drug products, and, therefore, we have entered into agreements with CMOs to supply us with active pharmaceutical ingredients and our finished dose drug products. Consequently, we will be dependent on our CMO partners for our supply of drug products. Some of these manufacturing facilities are located outside the United States. The manufacture of finished drug products, including the acquisition of compounds used in the manufacture of the finished drug product, may require considerable lead times. We will have little or no control over the production process. Accordingly, while we do not currently anticipate shortages of supply, there could arise circumstances in which we will not have adequate supplies to timely meet our requirements or market demand for a particular drug product could outstrip the ability of our supply source to timely manufacture and deliver the product, thereby causing us to lose sales. In addition, our ability to make a profit on the sale of our drug products depends on our ability to obtain price arrangements that ensure a supply of product at favorable prices.
 
Reliance on CMOs entails risks to which we would not be subject if we manufactured products ourselves, including reliance on the third party for regulatory compliance and adherence to the FDA’s current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) requirements, the possible breach of the manufacturing agreement by the CMO and the possibility of termination or non-renewal of the agreement by the CMO, based on its own business priorities, at a time that is costly or inconvenient for us. Before we can obtain marketing approval for our drug products, our CMO facilities must pass an FDA pre-approval inspection. In order to obtain approval, all of the facility’s manufacturing methods, equipment and processes must comply with cGMP requirements. The cGMP requirements govern all areas of record keeping, production processes and controls, personnel and quality control. In addition, our CMOs will be subject to on-going periodic inspection by the FDA and corresponding state and foreign agencies for compliance with cGMP regulations, similar foreign regulations and other regulatory standards. We do not have control over our CMOs’ compliance with these regulations and standards. Any failure of our third party manufacturers or us to comply with applicable regulations, including an FDA pre-approval inspection and cGMP requirements, could result in sanctions being imposed on them or us, including warning letters, fines, injunctions, civil penalties, failure of regulatory authorities to grant marketing approval of our products, delay, suspension or withdrawal of approvals, license revocation, seizures or recalls of product, operation restrictions and criminal prosecutions, any of which could significantly and adversely affect our business.
 
We may not be successful in establishing additional active pharmaceutical ingredient or finished dose drug supply relationships, which would limit our ability to develop and market our drug products.
 
Success in the development and marketing of our drugs depends in part upon our ability to maintain, expand and enhance our existing relationships and establish new sources of supply for active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) or for the manufacture of our finished dose drug products. We do not presently intend to focus our research and development efforts on developing APIs or manufacturing of finished dosage form for our drugs. In addition, we currently have no capacity to manufacture APIs or finished dose drug products and do not intend to spend our capital resources to develop the capacity to do so. Therefore, we must rely on relationships with API suppliers and other CMOs, to supply our APIs and finished dose drug products. We may not be successful in maintaining, expanding or enhancing our existing relationships or in securing new relationships with API suppliers or CMOs. If we fail to maintain or expand our existing relationships or secure new relationships, our ability to develop and market our drug products could be harmed.
 
We rely on contract suppliers to supply our existing products, and will likely do the same for other products that we may develop, commercialize or acquire in the future. Contract suppliers may not be able to meet our needs with respect to timing, cost, quantity or quality. All of our suppliers are sole-source suppliers, including for Zevalin and Fusilev, and no currently qualified alternative suppliers exist. If problems arise during the production of a batch of our products, that batch of product may have to be discarded. This could, among other things, lead to increased costs, lost revenue, damage to customer relations, time and expense spent investigating the cause and, depending on the cause, similar losses with respect to other batches or products. If problems are not discovered before the product


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is released to the market, recall and product liability costs may also be incurred. To the extent that one of our suppliers experiences significant manufacturing problems, this could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and profitability.
 
If we are unable to obtain a sufficient supply of our required products and services on acceptable terms, or if we should encounter delays or difficulties in our relationships with our manufacturers, or if any required approvals by the FDA and other regulatory authorities do not occur on a timely basis, we will lose sales. Moreover, contract suppliers that we may use must continually adhere to current good manufacturing practices enforced by the FDA. If the facilities of these suppliers cannot pass an inspection, we may lose FDA approval of our products. Failure to obtain products for sale for any reason may result in an inability to meet product demand and a loss of potential revenues.
 
Our drug products may not be more effective, safer or more cost-efficient than a competing drug and otherwise may not have any competitive advantage, which could hinder our ability to successfully commercialize our drug products.
 
Any drug product for which we obtain FDA approval must compete for market acceptance and market share. Drugs produced by other companies are currently on the market for each disease type we are pursuing. Even if one or more of our drug development products ultimately receives FDA approval, our drug products may not have better efficacy in treating the target indication than a competing drug, may not have a more favorable side-effect profile than a competing drug, may not be more cost-efficient to manufacture or apply, or otherwise may not demonstrate a competitive advantage over competing therapies. Accordingly, even if FDA approval is obtained for one or more of our drug development products, they may not gain acceptance by the medical field or become commercially successful.
 
The size of the market for our potential products is uncertain.
 
We often provide estimates of the number of people who suffer from the diseases that our drugs are targeting. However, there is limited information available regarding the actual size of these patient populations. In addition, it is uncertain whether the results from previous or future clinical trials of drug products will be observed in broader patient populations, and the number of patients who may benefit from our drug products may be significantly smaller than the estimated patient populations.
 
If actual future payments for allowances, discounts, returns, rebates and chargebacks exceed the estimates we made at the time of the sale of our products, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows may be materially and negatively impacted.
 
We recognize product revenue net of estimated allowances for discounts, returns, rebates and chargebacks. Such estimates require our most subjective and complex judgment due to the need to make estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. Based on industry practice, pharmaceutical companies, including us, have liberal return policies. Generally, we are obligated to accept from customers the return of pharmaceuticals that have reached their expiration date up to twelve months after their expiration. We authorize returns for damaged products and exchanges for expired products in accordance with our return goods policy and procedures. In addition, like our competitors, we also give credits for chargebacks to wholesale customers that have contracts with us for their sales to hospitals, group purchasing organizations, pharmacies or other retail customers. A chargeback is the difference between the price the wholesale customer (in our case, the GPOs) pays (wholesale acquisition cost) and the price that the GPO’s end-customer pays for a product (contracted customer). Since we have only recently begun commercial distribution of our products, we do not have historical data on returns and allowances. Although we have estimated the allowances very conservatively, actual results may differ significantly from our estimated allowances for discounts, returns, rebates and chargebacks. Changes in estimates and assumptions based upon actual results may have a material impact on our results of operations and/or financial condition. Such changes to estimates will be made to the financial statements in the year in which the estimate is charged. In addition, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows may be materially and negatively impacted if actual future payments for allowances, discounts, returns, rebates and chargebacks exceed the estimates we made at the time of the sale of our products.


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Risks Related to Our Industry
 
If third-party payors do not adequately reimburse providers for any of our products, if approved for marketing, we may not be successful in selling them.
 
Our ability to commercialize any products successfully will depend in part on the extent to which reimbursement will be available from governmental and other third-party payors, both in the United States and in foreign markets. Even if we succeed in bringing one or more products to the market, the amount reimbursed for our products may be insufficient to allow us to compete effectively and could adversely affect our profitability.
 
Reimbursement by a governmental and other third-party payors may depend upon a number of factors, including a governmental or other third-party payor’s determination that use of a product is:
 
  •  a covered benefit under its health plan;
 
  •  safe, effective and medically necessary;
 
  •  appropriate for the specific patient;
 
  •  cost-effective; and
 
  •  neither experimental nor investigational.
 
Obtaining reimbursement approval for a product from each third-party and governmental payor is a time-consuming and costly process that could require us to provide supporting scientific, clinical and cost-effectiveness data for the use of our products to each payor. We may not be able to provide data sufficient to obtain reimbursement.
 
In the United States, there have been, and we expect there will continue to be, a number of state and federal proposals that limit the amount that private insurance plans may pay to reimburse the cost of drugs, including our products. We believe the increasing emphasis on managed care in the United States has and will continue to put pressure on the price and usage of our products, which may also impact sales of our products. In addition, current third-party reimbursement policies for our products may change at any time. Negative changes in reimbursement or our failure to obtain reimbursement for our products may reduce the demand for, or the price of, products, which could result in lower sales of our products, thereby weakening our competitive position and negatively impacting our results of operations.
 
Eligibility for coverage does not imply that any drug product will be reimbursed in all cases or at a rate that allows us to make a profit. Interim payments for new products, if applicable, may also not be sufficient to cover our costs and may not become permanent. Reimbursement rates may vary according to the use of the drug and the clinical setting in which it is used, may be based on payments allowed for lower-cost drugs that are already reimbursed, may be incorporated into existing payments for other products or services, and may reflect budgetary constraints and/or Medicare or Medicaid data used to calculate these rates. Net prices for products also may be reduced by mandatory discounts or rebates required by government health care programs or by any future relaxation of laws that restrict imports of certain medical products from countries where they may be sold at lower prices than in the United States.
 
Wholesaler actions could increase competitive and pricing pressures on pharmaceutical manufacturers, including us.
 
We sell Fusilev primarily through wholesalers. These wholesale customers comprise a significant part of the distribution network for pharmaceutical products in the United States. A small number of large wholesale distributors control a significant share of the market, which can increase competitive and pricing pressures on pharmaceutical manufacturers, including us. In addition, wholesalers may apply pricing pressure through fee-for-service arrangements, and their purchases may exceed customer demand, resulting in reduced wholesaler purchases in later quarters. We cannot assure you that we can manage these pressures or that wholesaler purchases will not decrease as a result of this potential excess buying.


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Rapid bio-technological advancement may render our drug products obsolete before we are able to recover expenses incurred in connection with their development. As a result, our drug products may never become profitable.
 
The pharmaceutical industry is characterized by rapidly evolving biotechnology. Biotechnologies under development by other pharmaceutical companies could result in treatments for diseases and disorders for which we are developing our own treatments. Several other companies are engaged in research and development of compounds that are similar to our research. A competitor could develop a new biotechnology, product or therapy that has better efficacy, a more favorable side-effect profile or is more cost-effective than one or more of our drug products and thereby cause our drug products to become commercially obsolete. Some of our drug products may become obsolete before we recover the expenses incurred in their development. As a result, such products may never become profitable.
 
Competition for patients in conducting clinical trials may prevent or delay product development and strain our limited financial resources.
 
Many pharmaceutical companies are conducting clinical trials in patients with the disease indications that our drug products target. As a result, we must compete with them for clinical sites, physicians and the limited number of patients who fulfill the stringent requirements for participation in clinical trials. Also, due to the confidential nature of clinical trials, we do not know how many of the eligible patients may be enrolled in competing studies and who are consequently not available to us for our clinical trials. Our clinical trials may be delayed or terminated due to the inability to enroll enough patients to complete our clinical trials. Patient enrollment depends on many factors, including the size of the patient population, the nature of the trial protocol, the proximity of patients to clinical sites and the eligibility criteria for the study. The delay or inability to meet planned patient enrollment may result in increased costs and delays or termination of the trial, which could have a harmful effect on our ability to develop products.
 
Failure to obtain regulatory approval outside the United States will prevent us from marketing our product candidates abroad.
 
We intend to market certain of our existing and future product candidates in non-U.S. markets. In order to market our existing and future product candidates in the European Union and many other non-U.S. jurisdictions, we must obtain separate regulatory approvals according to the applicable domestic laws and regulations. We have had limited interactions with non-U.S. regulatory authorities, and the approval procedures vary among countries and can involve additional testing, and the time required to obtain approval may differ from that required to obtain FDA approval. Approval by the FDA does not guarantee approval by regulatory authorities in other countries, and approval by one or more non-U.S. regulatory authorities does not necessarily ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other countries or by the FDA. The non-U.S. regulatory approval process may include all of the risks associated with obtaining FDA approval as well as other risks specific to the jurisdictions in which we may seek approval. We may not obtain non-U.S. regulatory approvals on a timely basis, if at all. We may not be able to file for non-U.S. regulatory approvals and may not receive necessary approvals to commercialize our existing and future product candidates in any market.
 
Even after we receive regulatory approval to market our drug products, the market may not be receptive to our drug products upon their commercial introduction, which would negatively impact our ability to achieve profitability.
 
Our drug products may not gain market acceptance among physicians, patients, healthcare payors and the medical community. The degree of market acceptance of any approved drug products will depend on a number of factors, including:
 
  •  the effectiveness of the drug product;
 
  •  the prevalence and severity of any side effects;
 
  •  Potential advantages or disadvantages over alternative treatments;


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  •  relative convenience and ease of administration;
 
  •  the strength of marketing and distribution support;
 
  •  the price of the drug product, both in absolute terms and relative to alternative treatments; and
 
  •  sufficient third-party coverage or reimbursement.
 
If our drug products receive regulatory approval but do not achieve an adequate level of acceptance by physicians, healthcare payors and patients, we may not generate drug product revenues sufficient to attain profitability.
 
Guidelines and recommendations published by various organizations can reduce the use of our products.
 
Government agencies such as the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services promulgate regulations, and issue guidelines, directly applicable to us and to our products. In addition, third parties such as professional societies, practice management groups, insurance carriers, physicians, private health/science foundations and organizations involved in various diseases from time to time may publish guidelines or recommendations to healthcare providers, administrators and payers, and patient communities. Recommendations may relate to such matters as usage, dosage, route of administration and use of related therapies and reimbursement of our products by government and private payers. Third-party organizations like the above have in the past made recommendations about our products. Recommendations or guidelines that are followed by patients and healthcare providers could result in decreased use and/or dosage of our products.
 
Any recommendations or guidelines that result in decreased use, dosage or reimbursement of our products could adversely affect our product sales and operating results materially. In addition, the perception by the investment community or stockholders that such recommendations or guidelines will result in decreased use and dosage of our products could adversely affect the market price for our common stock.
 
Our failure to comply with governmental regulations may delay or prevent approval of our drug products and/or subject us to penalties.
 
The FDA and comparable agencies in foreign countries impose many requirements related to the drug development process through lengthy and rigorous clinical testing and data collection procedures, and other costly and time consuming compliance procedures. While we believe that we are currently in compliance with applicable FDA regulations, if our partners, the contract research organizations or contract manufacturers with which we have relationships, or we fail to comply with the regulations applicable to our clinical testing, the FDA may delay, suspend or cancel our clinical trials, or the FDA might not accept the test results. The FDA, an institutional review board, third party investigators, any comparable regulatory agency in another country, or we, may suspend clinical trials at any time if the trials expose subjects participating in such trials to unacceptable health risks. Further, human clinical testing may not show any current or future drug product to be safe and effective to the satisfaction of the FDA or comparable regulatory agencies, or the data derived from the clinical tests may be unsuitable for submission to the FDA or other regulatory agencies. Once we submit an application seeking approval to market a drug product, the FDA or other regulatory agencies may not issue their approvals on a timely basis, if at all. If we are delayed or fail to obtain these approvals, our business and prospects may be significantly damaged.
 
If we obtain regulatory approval for our drug products, we, our partners, our manufacturers, and other contract entities will continue to be subject to extensive requirements by a number of national, foreign, state and local agencies. These regulations will impact many aspects of our operations, including testing, research and development, manufacturing, safety, effectiveness, labeling, storage, quality control, adverse event reporting, record keeping, approval, advertising and promotion of our future products. Failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements could, among other things, result in:
 
  •  warning letters;
 
  •  fines;
 
  •  changes in advertising;


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  •  revocation or suspension of regulatory approvals of products;
 
  •  product recalls or seizures;
 
  •  delays, interruption, or suspension of product distribution, marketing and sale;
 
  •  civil or criminal sanctions;
 
  •  suspend or terminate any of our ongoing clinical trials;
 
  •  impose restrictions on our operations;
 
  •  close the facilities of our contract manufacturers; and
 
  •  refusals to approve new products.
 
The discovery of previously unknown safety risks with drug products approved to go to market may raise costs or prevent us from marketing such products or change the labeling of our products or take other potentially limiting or costly actions if we or others identify safety risks after our products are on the market.
 
The later discovery of previously unknown safety risks with our products may result in restrictions of the drug product, including withdrawal from the market. The FDA may revisit and change its prior determinations with regard to the safety and efficacy of our products. If the FDA’s position changes, we may be required to change our labeling or to cease manufacture and marketing of the products at issue. Even prior to any formal regulatory action, we could voluntarily decide to cease the distribution and sale or recall any of our products if concerns about their safety or effectiveness develop.
 
On September 27, 2007, President Bush signed into law the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007, significantly adding to the FDA’s authority including allowing the FDA to (i) require sponsors of marketed products to conduct post-approval clinical studies to assess a known serious risk, signals of serious risk or to identify an unexpected serious risk; (ii) mandate labeling changes to products, at any point in a product’s lifecycle, based on new safety information and (iii) require sponsors to implement a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS), for a product which could include a medication guide, patient package insert, a communication plan to healthcare providers, or other elements as the FDA deems are necessary to assure safe use of the drug (either prior to approval or post-approval as necessary), which could include imposing certain restrictions on distribution or use of a product. Failure to comply with a REMS could result in significant civil monetary penalties or other administrative actions by FDA. Further, regulatory agencies could change existing, or promulgate new, regulations at any time which may affect our ability to obtain or maintain approval of our existing or future products or require significant additional costs to obtain or maintain such approvals.
 
Our failure to comply with FDA (and related) regulations applicable to our business may subject us to sanctions, which could damage our reputation and adversely affect our business condition.
 
In the U.S., the FDA, and comparable state regulatory agencies and enforcement authorities, impose requirements on us as a manufacturer and marketer of prescription drug products. Drug manufacturers are required to register with FDA, and are required to comply with various regulatory requirements regarding drug research, manufacturing, distribution, reporting and recordkeeping. Most drug products must be approved by the FDA prior to marketing, and companies are required to comply with numerous post-marketing requirements. Drug manufacturing establishments are subject to inspection by the FDA for compliance with cGMP regulations and other applicable regulations.
 
Further, drug manufacturers are required to comply with FDA requirements for labeling and advertising, as well as other Federal and state requirements for advertising. This includes a prohibition on promotion for unapproved or “off-label” uses, e.g., promotion of products for uses that are not described in the product’s FDA-approved labeling. While a physician may prescribe a medication for off-label uses where appropriate, companies may not generally promote drug products for off-label uses.
 
If FDA or other Federal and state agencies believe that a company is not in compliance with applicable regulations, they have various enforcement authorities to address violations. FDA can issue a warning letter and seek voluntary compliance from a company in the form of remedial or corrective action. FDA may also impose civil


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money penalties by administrative action, and through judicial enforcement seek actions including injunctions, seizures, and criminal penalties. FDA or other Federal and state authorities may also seek operating restrictions on a company in order to achieve compliance, including termination or suspension of company activities. Such agencies and enforcement authorities may also disseminate information to the public about their enforcement actions.
 
If we were to become subject to any FDA or similar enforcement action related to any of our drug products, our business condition could be adversely affected, and the public release of such information could be damaging to our reputation.
 
Legislative or regulatory reform of the healthcare system and pharmaceutical industry related to pricing or reimbursement may hurt our ability to sell our products profitably or at all.
 
In both the United States and certain foreign jurisdictions, there have been and may continue to be a number of legislative and regulatory proposals related to pricing and reimbursement that could impact our ability to sell our products profitably. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) signed into law on March 23, 2010 enacted provision including a revision to the definition of “average manufacturer price” for reporting purposes, increasing Medicaid rebates, expanding the 340B drug discount program, and making changes to affect the Medicare Part D coverage gap, or “donut hole.” These reforms will significantly impact the pharmaceutical industry; however, the full effects will take as these laws are implemented and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and other agencies issue applicable regulations or guidance. Moreover, in the coming years, additional changes could be made to governmental healthcare programs that could significantly impact the success of our products.
 
Moreover, in the coming years, additional changes could be made to governmental healthcare programs, and the delivery of healthcare generally, that could significantly impact the success of our products. The sales of our products depend in part on the availability of reimbursement from third-party payors such as government health administration authorities, private health insurers, health maintenance organizations including pharmacy benefit managers and other health care-related organizations. Both the Federal and state governments in the U.S. and foreign governments continue to propose and pass new legislation and regulations designed to contain or reduce the cost of health care. Such legislation and regulations may result in decreased reimbursement for prescription drugs, which may further exacerbate industry-wide pressure to reduce the prices charged for prescription drugs. This could harm our ability to market our products and generate revenues.
 
It is possible that proposals will be adopted, or existing regulations that affect the coverage or pricing of pharmaceutical and other medical products may change, before any of our products are approved for marketing. Cost control initiatives could decrease the price that we receive for any of our products that we are developing. In addition, third-party payors are increasingly challenging the price and cost-effectiveness of medical products and services. Significant uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of newly-approved pharmaceutical products.
 
The high cost of pharmaceutical prices continues to generate substantial government interest. Various governmental entities may focus on pharmaceutical prices by holding hearings or launching investigations regarding the pricing for drugs by pharmaceutical companies such as ours and the ability of patients to obtain drugs. In December 2009, the Government Accounting Office released its report on the growing cost of brand-name prescription drugs. In addition, in July 2008, the Joint Economic Committee of Congress held hearings on the pricing of drugs for rare conditions. Based on further developments, we may be required to decrease the price that we charge for our products, thereby negatively affecting our financial results.
 
In some foreign countries, particularly in the European Union, prescription drug pricing is subject to governmental control. Drug pricing may be made against a reference price set by the healthcare providers as a measure for healthcare cost containment. Pricing negotiations with governmental authorities can take considerable time after the receipt of marketing approval for a product. To obtain reimbursement or pricing approval in some countries, we may be required to conduct a clinical trial that seeks to address the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of our product candidate as compared with other available therapies as part of the health technology assessment. If reimbursement of our products is unavailable or limited in scope or amount, or if pricing is set at unsatisfactory levels for the purpose of adoption of these products in the national health services in these jurisdictions, our profitability will likely be negatively affected.


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If we market products in a manner that violates health care anti-kickback or other anti-fraud and anti-abuse laws, we may be subject to civil or criminal penalties, including exclusions from participation in Federal health care programs.
 
The Federal health care program anti-kickback statute prohibits, among other things, knowingly and willfully offering, paying, soliciting, or receiving remuneration to induce or in return for purchasing, leasing, ordering, or arranging for the purchase, lease or order of any health care item or service reimbursable under Medicare, Medicaid or other federally financed health care programs. This statute applies to arrangements between pharmaceutical manufacturers and prescribers, purchasers and formulary managers. Although there are a number of statutory exemptions and regulatory safe harbors protecting certain common activities, the exemptions and safe harbors are drawn narrowly, and practices that involve remuneration intended to induce prescribing, purchases or recommendations may be subject to scrutiny if they do not qualify for an exemption or safe harbor.
 
Federal false claims laws prohibit any person from knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, a false claim for payment to the Federal government, or knowingly making, or causing to be made, a false statement to get a false claim paid. Pharmaceutical companies have been prosecuted under these laws for a variety of alleged promotional and marketing activities, such as providing free product to customers with the expectation that the customers would bill Federal programs for the product; reporting to pricing services inflated average wholesale prices that were then used by Federal programs to set reimbursement rates; engaging in off-label promotion that caused claims to be submitted to Medicaid for non-covered off-label uses; and submitting inflated best price information to the Medicaid Rebate Program.
 
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 also created prohibitions against health care fraud and false statements relating to health care matters. The health care fraud statute prohibits knowingly and willfully executing a scheme to defraud any health care benefit program, including private payors. The false statements statute prohibits knowingly and willfully falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact or making any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statement in connection with the delivery of or payment for health care benefits, items or services.
 
The majority of states also have statutes or regulations similar to these Federal laws, which apply to items and services reimbursed under Medicaid and other state programs, or, in several states, apply regardless of the payor. In addition, some states have laws that require pharmaceutical companies to adopt comprehensive compliance programs. For example, under California law, pharmaceutical companies must comply with both the April 2003 Office of Inspector General Compliance Program Guidance for Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and the PhRMA Code on Interactions with Healthcare Professionals, as amended. We have adopted and implemented a compliance program which we believe satisfies the applicable requirements of California law.
 
Sanctions under these Federal and state laws may include civil monetary penalties, exclusion of a manufacturer’s products from reimbursement under government programs, criminal fines and imprisonment. Because of the breadth of these laws and the narrowness of the safe harbors, it is possible that some of our business activities could be subject to challenge under one or more of such laws. The PPACA makes several important changes to the federal anti-kickback statute, false claims laws, and health care fraud statute — for example by weakening the intent requirement for under the anti-kickback and health care fraud statutes — that may make it easier for the government, or whistleblowers to charge such fraud and abuse violations. In addition, the PPACA increase penalties for fraud and abuse violations. If our past, present or future operations are found to be in violation of any of the laws described above or other similar governmental regulations to which we are subject, we may be subject to the applicable penalty associated with the violation which could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results.
 
If we are unable to adequately protect our technology or enforce our patent rights, our business could suffer.
 
Our success with the drug products that we develop will depend, in part, on our ability and the ability of our licensors to obtain and maintain patent protection for these products. We currently have a number of United States and foreign patents issued and pending, however, we primarily rely on patent rights licensed from others. Our license agreements generally give us the right and/or obligation to maintain and enforce the subject patents. We may not receive patents for any of our pending patent applications or any patent applications we may file in the future. If our pending and future patent applications are not allowed or, if allowed and issued into patents, if such patents and


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the patents we have licensed are not upheld in a court of law, our ability to competitively exploit our drug products would be substantially harmed. Also, such patents may or may not provide competitive advantages for their respective products or they may be challenged or circumvented by our competitors, in which case our ability to commercially exploit these products may be diminished.
 
The patent positions of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies can be highly uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions. No consistent policy regarding the breadth of claims allowed in pharmaceutical and biotechnology patents has emerged to date in the United States. The laws of many countries may not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as United States laws, and those countries may lack adequate rules and procedures for defending our intellectual property rights. Filing, prosecuting and defending patents on all our products or product candidates throughout the world would be prohibitively expensive. Competitors may use our technologies in jurisdictions and may not be covered by any of our patent claims or other intellectual property rights.
 
Changes in either patent laws or in interpretations of patent laws in the United States and other countries may diminish the value of our intellectual property. We do not know whether any of our patent applications will result in the issuance of any patents, and we cannot predict the breadth of claims that may be allowed in our patent applications or in the patent applications we license from others.
 
The degree of future protection for our proprietary rights is uncertain because legal means afford only limited protection and may not adequately protect our rights or permit us to gain or keep our competitive advantage. For example:
 
  •  in certain jurisdictions, we or our licensors might not have been the first to make the inventions covered by each of our or our licensors’ pending patent applications and issued patents, and we may have to participate in expensive and protracted interference proceedings to determine priority of invention;
 
  •  we or our licensors might not have been the first to file patent applications for these inventions;
 
  •  others may independently develop similar or alternative product candidates or duplicate any of our or our licensors’ product candidates;
 
  •  our or our licensors’ pending patent applications may not result in issued patents;
 
  •  our or our licensors’ issued patents may not provide a basis for commercially viable products or may not provide us with any competitive advantages or may be challenged by third parties;
 
  •  others may design around our or our licensors’ patent claims to produce competitive products that fall outside the scope of our or our licensors’ patents;
 
  •  we may not develop or in-license additional patentable proprietary technologies related to our product candidates; or
 
  •  the patents of others may prevent us from marketing one or more of our product candidates for one or more indications that may be valuable to our business strategy.
 
Moreover, an issued patent does not guarantee us the right to practice the patented technology or commercialize the patented product. Third parties may have blocking patents that could be used to prevent us from commercializing our patented products and practicing our patented technology. Our issued patents and those that may be issued in the future may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented, which could limit our ability to prevent competitors from marketing related product candidates or could limit the length of the term of patent protection of our product candidates. In addition, our competitors may independently develop similar technologies. Moreover, because of the extensive time required for development, testing and regulatory review of a potential product, it is possible that, before any of our product candidates can be commercialized, any related patent may expire or remain in force for only a short period following commercialization, thereby reducing any advantage of the patent.
 
We also rely on trade secret protection and contractual protections for our unpatented, confidential and proprietary technology. Trade secrets are difficult to protect. While we enter into confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants and others, these agreements may not successfully protect our trade secrets or other


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confidential and proprietary information. It is possible that these agreements will be breached, or that they will not be enforceable in every instance, and that we will not have adequate remedies for any such breach. Likewise, although we conduct periodic trade secret audits of certain partners, vendors and contract manufacturers, these trade secret audits may not protect our trade secrets or other confidential and proprietary information. It is possible that despite having certain trade secret audited security measures in place, trade secrets or other confidential and proprietary information may still be leaked or disclosed to a third party. It is also possible that our trade secrets will become known or independently developed by our competitors.
 
If we are unable to adequately protect our technology, trade secrets or proprietary know-how, or enforce our patents, our business, financial condition and prospects could suffer.
 
Intellectual property rights are complex and uncertain and therefore may subject us to infringement claims.
 
The patent positions related to our drug products are inherently uncertain and involve complex legal and factual issues. Although we are not aware of any infringement by any of our drug products on the rights of any third party, there may be third party patents or other intellectual property rights, including trademarks and copyrights, relevant to our drug products of which we are not aware. Third parties may assert patent or other intellectual property infringement claims against us with products. This could draw us into costly litigation as well as result in the loss of our use of the intellectual property that is critical to our business strategy.
 
Intellectual property litigation is increasingly common and increasingly expensive and may result in restrictions on our business and substantial costs, even if we prevail.
 
Patent and other intellectual property litigation is becoming more common in the pharmaceutical industry. Litigation is sometimes necessary to defend against or assert claims of infringement, to enforce our patent rights, including those we have licensed from others, to protect trade secrets or to determine the scope and validity of proprietary rights of third parties. Currently, no third party is asserting that we are infringing upon their patent rights or other intellectual property, nor are we aware or believe that we are infringing upon any third party’s patent rights or other intellectual property. We may, however, be infringing upon a third party’s patent rights or other intellectual property, and litigation asserting such claims might be initiated in which we would not prevail, or we would not be able to obtain the necessary licenses on reasonable terms, if at all. All such litigation, whether meritorious or not, as well as litigation initiated by us against third parties, is time-consuming and very expensive to defend or prosecute and to resolve. In addition, if we infringe the intellectual property rights of others, we could lose our right to develop, manufacture or sell our products or could be required to pay monetary damages or royalties to license proprietary rights from third parties. An adverse determination in a judicial or administrative proceeding or a failure to obtain necessary licenses could prevent us from manufacturing or selling our products, which could harm our business, financial condition and prospects.
 
If our competitors prepare and file patent applications in the United States or Europe that claim technology we also claim, we may have to participate in interference proceedings required by the USPTO to determine priority of invention or opposition proceedings in Europe, both of which could result in substantial costs, even if we ultimately prevail. Results of interference and opposition proceedings are highly unpredictable and may result in us having to try to obtain licenses in order to continue to develop or market certain of our drug products.
 
We may be subject to damages resulting from claims that we, or our employees, have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of our employees’ former employers.
 
Many of our employees were previously employed at universities or biotechnology or pharmaceutical companies, including our competitors or potential competitors. Although we have not received any claim to date, we may be subject to claims that these employees through their employment inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of their former employers. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these claims. If we fail in defending such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, we may lose valuable intellectual property rights or personnel.


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We may be subject to product liability claims, and may not have sufficient product liability insurance to cover any such claims, which may expose us to substantial liabilities.
 
We may be held liable if any product we or our partners develop causes injury or is found otherwise unsuitable during product testing, manufacturing, clinical trials, marketing or sale. Regardless of merit or eventual outcome, product liability claims could result in decreased demand for our product candidates, injury to our reputation, withdrawal of patients from our clinical trials, substantial monetary awards to trial participants and the inability to commercialize any products that we may develop. These claims might be made directly by consumers, health care providers, pharmaceutical companies or others selling or testing our products. Although we currently carry product liability insurance in the amount of at least $15.0 million in the aggregate, it is possible that this coverage will be insufficient to protect us from future claims. However, our insurance may not reimburse us or may not be sufficient to reimburse us for expenses or losses we may suffer. Moreover, if insurance coverage becomes more expensive, we may not be able to maintain insurance coverage at a reasonable cost or in sufficient amounts to protect us against losses due to liability. Failure to maintain sufficient insurance coverage could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects and results of operations if claims are made that exceed our coverage.
 
On occasion, juries have awarded large judgments in class action lawsuits for claims based on drugs that had unanticipated side effects. In addition, the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, in general, have been subject to significant medical malpractice litigation. A successful product liability claim or series of claims brought against us could harm our reputation and business and would decrease our cash reserves.
 
The use of hazardous materials, including radioactive and biological materials, in our research and development and commercial efforts imposes certain compliance costs on us and may subject us to liability for claims arising from the use or misuse of these materials.
 
Our research and development, manufacturing (including a radiolabeling step for Zevalin) and administration of our drugs involves the controlled use of hazardous materials, including chemicals, radioactive and biological materials, such as radioactive isotopes, which is done by qualified third parties; in essence. We do not physically handle these radioactive isotopes or such hazardous materials. We are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the storage, use and disposal of these materials and some waste products. We believe that our safety procedures for the storage, use and disposal of these materials comply with the standards prescribed by federal, state and local regulations. However, we cannot completely eliminate the risk of accidental contamination or injury from these materials. If there were to be an accident, we could be held liable for any damages that result, which could exceed our financial resources. We currently maintain insurance coverage for injuries resulting from the hazardous materials we use; however, future claims may exceed the amount of our coverage. Also, we do not have insurance coverage for pollution cleanup and removal. Currently the costs of complying with federal, state and local regulations are not significant, and consist primarily of waste disposal expenses, however, they could become expensive, and current or future environmental regulations may impair our research, development, production and commercialization efforts.
 
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
 
There are a substantial number of shares of our common stock eligible for future sale in the public market. The sale of these shares could cause the market price of our common stock to fall. Any future equity issuances by us may have dilutive and other effects on our existing stockholders.
 
As of March 29, 2010, there were approximately 49.2 million shares of our common stock outstanding, and in addition, security holders held options, warrants and preferred stock which, if vested, exercised or converted, would obligate us to issue up to approximately 19.1 million additional shares of common stock. However, we would receive over $104.0 million from the issuance of shares of common stock upon the exercise of all of the options and warrants. A substantial number of those shares, when we issue them upon vesting, conversion or exercise, will be available for immediate resale in the public market. In addition, we may sell additional shares of common stock or securities convertible or exercisable into common stock in public or private offerings, which would be available for resale in the market. The market price of our common stock could fall as a result of sales of any of these shares of common stock due to the increased number of shares available for sale in the market.


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We have primarily financed our operations, and we anticipate that we will have to finance a large portion of our operating cash requirements, by issuing and selling our common stock or securities convertible into or exercisable for shares of our common stock. Any issuances by us of equity securities may be at or below the prevailing market price of our common stock and may have a dilutive impact on our existing stockholders. These issuances or other dilutive issuances would also cause our net income, if any, per share to decrease in future periods. As a result, the market price of our common stock could drop.
 
The market price and trading volume of our common stock fluctuate significantly and could result in substantial losses for individual investors.
 
The stock market from time to time experiences significant price and trading volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These broad market fluctuations may cause the market price and trading volume of our common stock to decrease. In addition, the market price and trading volume of our common stock is often highly volatile.
 
Factors that may cause the market price and volume of our common stock to decrease include:
 
  •  recognition on up-front licensing or other fees or revenues;
 
  •  payments of non-refundable up-front or license fees, or payment for cost-sharing expenses, to third parties;
 
  •  adverse results or delays in our clinical trials;
 
  •  fluctuations in our results of operations;
 
  •  timing and announcements of our bio-technological innovations or new products or those of our competitors;
 
  •  developments concerning any strategic alliances or acquisitions we may enter into;
 
  •  announcements of FDA non-approval of our drug products, or delays in the FDA or other foreign regulatory review process or actions;
 
  •  adverse actions taken by regulatory agencies with respect to our drug products, clinical trials, manufacturing processes or sales and marketing activities;
 
  •  concerns about our products being reimbursed;
 
  •  any lawsuit involving us or our drug products;
 
  •  developments with respect to our patents and proprietary rights;
 
  •  announcements of technological innovations or new products by our competitors;
 
  •  public concern as to the safety of products developed by us or others;
 
  •  regulatory developments in the United States and in foreign countries;
 
  •  changes in stock market analyst recommendations regarding our common stock or lack of analyst coverage;
 
  •  the pharmaceutical industry generally and general market conditions;
 
  •  failure of our results of operations to meet the expectations of stock market analysts and investors;
 
  •  sales of our common stock by our executive officers, directors and five percent stockholders or sales of substantial amounts of our common stock;
 
  •  changes in accounting principles; and
 
  •  loss of any of our key scientific or management personnel.
 
Also, certain dilutive securities such as warrants can be used as hedging tools which may increase volatility in our stock and cause a price decline. While a decrease in market price could result in direct economic loss for an individual investor, low trading volume could limit an individual investor’s ability to sell our common stock, which could result in substantial economic loss as well. Since January 1, 2009 through March 29, 2010, the price of our


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common stock ranged between $1.39 and $10.00, and the daily trading volume was as high as 15,476,100 shares and as low as 27,100 shares. In addition, due in large part to the current global economic crisis many institutional investors that historically had invested in specialty pharmaceutical companies have ceased operations or further investment in these companies, which has had negatively impacted trading volume for our stock.
 
Following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation may be instituted against that company. Regardless of their merit, these types of lawsuits generally result in substantial legal fees and management’s attention and resources being diverted from the operations of a business.
 
Provisions of our charter, bylaws and stockholder rights plan may make it more difficult for someone to acquire control of us or replace current management even if doing so would benefit our stockholders, which may lower the price an acquirer or investor would pay for our stock.
 
Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, both as amended, may make it more difficult for someone to acquire control of us or replace our current management. These provisions include:
 
  •  the ability of our board of directors to amend our bylaws without stockholder approval;
 
  •  the inability of stockholders to call special meetings;
 
  •  the ability of members of the board of directors to fill vacancies on the board of directors;
 
  •  the inability of stockholders to act by written consent, unless such consent is unanimous; and
 
  •  the establishment of advance notice requirements for nomination for election to our board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted on by stockholders at stockholder meetings.
 
These provisions may make it more difficult for stockholders to take certain corporate actions and could delay, discourage or prevent someone from acquiring our business or replacing our current management, even if doing so would benefit our stockholders. These provisions could limit the price that certain investors might be willing to pay for shares of our common stock.
 
We have a stockholder rights plan pursuant to which we distributed rights to purchase units of our series B junior participating preferred stock. The rights become exercisable upon the earlier of ten days after a person or group of affiliated or associated persons has acquired 15% or more of the outstanding shares of our common stock or ten business days after a tender offer has commenced that would result in a person or group beneficially owning 15% or more of our outstanding common stock. These rights could delay or discourage someone from acquiring our business, even if doing so would benefit our stockholders. We currently have no stockholders who own 15% or more of the outstanding shares of our common stock.
 
The restatement of our historical financial statements has already consumed, and may continue to consume, a significant amount of our time and resources and may have a material adverse effect on our business and stock price.
 
As described earlier, we have restated our consolidated financial statements. The restatement process was highly time and resource-intensive and involved substantial attention from management and significant legal and accounting costs. Although we have now completed the restatement, we cannot guarantee that we will have no inquiries from the SEC or NASDAQ regarding our restated financial statements or matters relating thereto.
 
Any future inquiries from the SEC as a result of the restatement of our historical financial statements will, regardless of the outcome, likely consume a significant amount of our resources in addition to those resources already consumed in connection with the restatement itself.
 
Further, many companies that have been required to restate their historical financial statements have experienced a decline in stock price and stockholder lawsuits related thereto.


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If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results, and current and potential stockholders may lose confidence in our financial reporting.
 
We are required by the SEC to establish and maintain adequate internal control over financial reporting that provides reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. We are likewise required, on a quarterly basis, to evaluate the effectiveness of our internal controls and to disclose any changes and material weaknesses in those internal controls.
 
As described in greater detail elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, in connection with the restatement process, we identified a material weakness with regard to accounting for warrant instruments in our internal control over financial reporting, specifically with regard to our prior interpretation of ASC 815 “Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (formerly known as Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock”), as it related to the accounting for and classification of certain warrant instruments dating back to September 2005 that we had previously classified as equity. Upon a reassessment of those financial instruments, in light of GAAP as currently interpreted, we determined that we should have accounted for certain warrant instruments as debt instead of equity. Given this material weakness with regard to warrants, management was unable to conclude that we maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009.
 
Since the determination regarding this material weakness, we plan to devote significant effort and resources to the remediation and improvement of our internal control over financial reporting. While we have processes to identify and intelligently apply developments in accounting, we plan to enhance these processes to better evaluate and document our research and understanding of the nuances of increasingly complex accounting standards. Our plans include the following: enhanced access to accounting literature, research materials and documents; identification of third party professionals with whom to consult regarding complex accounting applications; and the consideration of involving additional staff with the requisite experience and training to supplement our current accounting professionals. The elements of our remediation plan can only be accomplished over time and we can offer no assurance that these initiatives will ultimately have the intended effects. Any failure to maintain such internal controls could adversely impact our ability to report our financial results on a timely and accurate basis. If our financial statements are not accurate, investors may not have a complete understanding of our operations. Likewise, if our financial statements are not filed on a timely basis as required by the SEC and NASDAQ, we could face severe consequences from those authorities. In either case, there could result a material adverse affect on our business. Inferior internal controls could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our stock.
 
Our publicly-filed SEC reports are reviewed by the SEC from time to time and any significant changes required as a result of any such review may result in material liability to us and have a material adverse impact on the trading price of our common stock.
 
The reports of publicly-traded companies are subject to review by the SEC from time to time for the purpose of assisting companies in complying with applicable disclosure requirements and to enhance the overall effectiveness of companies’ public filings, and reviews of such reports are now required at least every three years under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. SEC reviews may be initiated at any time, and we could be required to modify or reformulate information contained in prior filings as a result of an SEC review. Any modification or reformulation of information contained in such reports could be significant and could result in material liability to us and have a material adverse impact on the trading price of our common stock.
 
We were unable to timely file this Annual Report on Form 10-K as required by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Our continued inability to file these reports on time could result in investors not having access to important information about us and the delisting of our common stock from NASDAQ.
 
We were late in filing this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As a result, we may not be in compliance with the continued listing requirements of the NASDAQ Global Market and with applicable SEC rules under the Securities


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Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act). We are required to comply with these rules as a condition of the continued listing of our common stock on NASDAQ.
 
Although we have been timely with respect to other annual and quarterly reports, there can be no assurance that we will be able to timely file all such reports in the future. If we are unable to timely file these reports in the future, you may not receive important information about us in a timely manner. In addition, our common stock could be delisted from NASDAQ, which could materially adversely impact the liquidity and price of our common stock.
 
Changes in our effective income tax rate could adversely affect our results of operations.
 
We are subject to federal and state income taxes in the United States and our tax liabilities are dependent upon the distribution of income among these different jurisdictions. Various factors may have favorable or unfavorable effects on our effective income tax rate. These factors include, but are not limited to, interpretations of existing tax laws, the accounting for stock options and other share-based compensation, changes in tax laws and rates, future levels of research and development spending, changes in accounting standards, changes in the mix of earnings in the various tax jurisdictions in which we operate, the outcome of examinations by the Internal Revenue Service and other jurisdictions, the accuracy of our estimates for unrecognized tax benefits and realization of deferred tax assets, and changes in overall levels of pre-tax earnings. The impact on our income tax provision resulting from the above-mentioned factors may be significant and could have an impact on our results of operations.
 
We do not anticipate declaring any cash dividends on our common stock.
 
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not plan to pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Our current policy is to retain all funds and any earnings for use in the operation and expansion of our business.
 
Item 1B.   Unresolved Staff Comments
 
None.
 
Item 2.   Properties
 
Our principle executive office is located at 157 Technology Drive, Irvine, California 92618. The lease on this facility expires on June 30, 2016. In addition, we also have an office in Henderson, Nevada. We lease this space pursuant to an agreement that expires on September 30, 2011. We also lease small administrative offices in Zurich, Switzerland, Montreal, Canada, and Mumbai, India on an expense-sharing basis. The financial and other terms of these lease arrangements are not material to our business. We believe that our leased facilities are adequate to meet our needs at this time.
 
Item 3.   Legal Proceedings
 
We are involved with various legal matters arising from the ordinary course of business. Although the ultimate resolution of these various matters cannot be determined at this time, we do not believe that such matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our future consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
 
Item 4.   [Reserved]
 


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PART II
 
Item 5.   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
 
Common Stock
 
As of March 29, 2010 there were 49,170,969 shares of common stock outstanding and 359 shareholders of record. On March 29, 2010, the closing sale price of our common stock was $4.64 per share.
 
Market for Securities
 
Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “SPPI.” The high and low sale prices of our common stock reported by NASDAQ during each quarter ended in 2009 and 2008 were as follows:
 
                 
    High   Low
 
Year 2009
               
Quarter Ended
               
March 31
  $ 2.10     $ 1.39  
June 30
  $ 8.15     $ 1.75  
September 30
  $ 10.00     $ 4.76  
December 31
  $ 6.74     $ 3.97  
Year 2008
               
Quarter Ended
               
March 31
  $ 3.35     $ 2.25  
June 30
  $ 2.98     $ 0.46  
September 30
  $ 1.90     $ 1.30  
December 31
  $ 2.25     $ 0.55  
 
The high and low sales prices of our common stock, reported by NASDAQ, reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-ups, markdowns or commissions, and may not represent actual transactions.
 
Dividends
 
We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock and we do not intend to pay cash dividends of our common stock in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain our earnings, if any, to finance future growth.
 
Item 6.   Selected Financial Data
 
The following table summarizes certain historical financial information at the dates and for the periods indicated prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and gives effect to the restatements described in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements. The consolidated statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 (as restated) and 2007 (as restated), the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 (as restated), have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Financial data for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 (all as restated) and as of December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 (all as restated) has been derived from our restated financial statements not included herein. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior-years’ comparative financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported results of operations or financial position. The selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of


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Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, which are included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
                                         
Statement of Operations Data for the Years Ended December 31:
  2009     2008     2007     2006     2005  
          (As Restated)     (As Restated)     (As Restated)     (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except Share data)  
 
Total revenues
  $ 38,025     $ 28,725     $ 7,672     $ 5,673     $ 577  
                                         
Operating expenses:
                                       
Cost of product sales (excludes amortization of purchased intangibles shown below)
    8,148       1,193             97       397  
Selling, general and administrative
    33,607       15,156       11,577       7,736       6,615  
Research and development
    21,058       26,683       33,285       23,728       13,483  
Amortization of purchased intangibles
    3,720       158                    
Acquired in-process research and development
          4,700                    
                                         
Loss from operations
    (28,508 )     (19,165 )     (37,190 )     (25,888 )     (19,918 )
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
    8,075       1,271       12,055       (2,485 )     3,867  
Other income, net
    662       1,165       3,139       2,606       1,279  
                                         
Pre-tax net loss
  $ (19,771 )   $ (16,729 )   $ (21,996 )   $ (25,767 )   $ (14,772 )
Income tax expense
    (421 )     (5 )     (5 )     (5 )     (4 )
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest
    1,146       2,538       20       3       1  
                                         
Net loss — attributable to Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. stockholders
  $ (19,046 )   $ (14,196 )   $ (21,981 )   $ (25,769 )   $ (14,775 )
                                         
Basic and diluted net loss per share — attributable to Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. stockholders
  $ (0.48 )   $ (0.45 )   $ (0.76 )   $ (1.06 )   $ (0.84 )
                                         
Cash dividends on common stock
  $     $     $     $     $  
                                         
 
                                         
Balance Sheet Data at December 31:
  2009     2008     2007     2006     2005  
          (As Restated)     (As Restated)     (As Restated)     (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except Share data)  
 
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities
  $ 113,341     $ 75,938     $ 55,659     $ 50,697     $ 63,667  
Other current assets
    12,916       12,310       953       1,590       718  
Property and equipment, net
    1,928       1,782       716       625       562  
Intangible assets and goodwill, net
    33,325       37,042                    
Other assets
    11,623       2,437       212       205       128  
                                         
Total assets
  $ 173,133     $ 129,509     $ 57,540     $ 53,117     $ 65,075  
                                         
Current liabilities
  $ 32,864     $ 32,806     $ 7,799     $ 6,233     $ 3,828  
Common stock warrant liability
    6,635       765       2,035       14,090       11,605  
Other non-current-liabilities
    25,310       42,822       992       1,035       241  
Commitments and contingencies
                                       
Total equity (including non-controlling interest)
    108,324       53,116       46,714       31,759       49,401  
                                         
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 173,133     $ 129,509     $ 57,540     $ 53,117     $ 65,075  
                                         


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Item 7.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The information below has been adjusted solely to reflect the impact of the restatement of our financial results which is more fully described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and under the paragraph “Restatement of Previously Issued Consolidated Financial Statements” below and does not reflect any subsequent information or events occurring after the date of the filing of our reports originally presenting the financial information being restated or update any disclosure herein to reflect the passage of time since the date of such filings. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, such as statements of our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions. Reference is made in particular to forward-looking statements regarding the success of our drug candidates, the safety and efficacy of our drug candidates’ product approvals, product sales, revenue development timelines, product acquisitions, liquidity and capital resources and trends. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed here. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed below and elsewhere, including under Item 1A “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The cautionary statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K should be read as applying to all related forward-looking statements wherever they appear in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
Restatement of Previously Issued Consolidated Financial Statements
 
As discussed above under Item 1, “Restatement of Privately Issued Consolidated Financial Statements” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we have restated our previously issued consolidated financial statements for fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, and each of the quarterly condensed consolidated financial statements on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2008 through September 30, 2009 to reclassify warrant contracts based on a reassessment of the applicable accounting and classification. In connection with the warrants issued in registered offerings during 2005 and 2009, the Company had previously classified the warrants as equity under its evaluation of applicable guidance contained in ASC 815 “Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (formerly known as Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock”), a highly complex area of accounting. In connection with the audit for the fiscal year 2009, the Company, in consultation with Ernst & Young, reassessed the accounting classification of the warrants pursuant to ASC 815 based on certain terms of the warrants. The restatement has no impact on cash flows from operating activities.
 
Overview
 
We are a commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company committed to developing and commercializing innovative therapies with a primary focus in the areas of hematology-oncology and urology. We have a fully developed commercial infrastructure that markets and sells two drugs, Zevalin® and Fusilev®, in the United States. We have several drug candidates in development, the most advanced of which are apaziquone (EOquin®), which is presently being studied in two large Phase 3 clinical trials for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) under a strategic collaboration with Allergan; and belinostat, a drug we recently partnered with TopoTarget to jointly develop. Belinostat is being studied in a Phase 2 trial for relapsed or refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma (PTCL).
 
Our business strategy is comprised of the following initiatives:
 
  •  Maximizing the growth potential of our marketed drugs, Zevalin and Fusilev.  Our near-term outlook largely depends on sales and marketing successes for our two marketed drugs. For Zevalin, our initial goal was to stabilize sales, which we believe we accomplished in 2009. With the approval by the FDA for a significantly larger indication in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) in late 2009 and our success in addressing historical hurdles associated with the uptake of this drug, we believe we can grow sales in 2010 and beyond. For Fusilev, which we launched in August 2008, we were able to benefit from broad utilization in community clinics and hospitals through mid-2009. Our focus now is to obtain approval for Fusilev in advanced metastatic colorectal cancer, which could potentially increase the patient pool


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  substantially. As part of its review of our supplemental new drug application (sNDA), the FDA has requested additional data which we expect to submit in the third quarter of 2010.
 
For both Zevalin and Fusilev, we initiated and continue to stage appropriate infrastructure expansions and additional initiatives to facilitate broad customer reach and to address other market requirements, as appropriate. We have formed a dedicated commercial organization comprised of highly experienced and motivated sales representatives, account managers, medical science liaisons and a complement of other support marketing personnel to manage the sales and marketing of these drugs.
 
  •  Optimizing our development portfolio and maximizing the asset values of its components.  While over the recent few years, we have evolved from a development-stage company to a commercial-stage pharmaceutical company, we have maintained a highly focused development portfolio. Our strategy with regard to our development portfolio is to focus on late-stage drugs and to develop them rapidly to the point of regulatory approval. We plan to develop some of these drugs ourselves or with our subsidiaries and affiliates, or secure collaborations such that we are able to suitably monetize these assets.
 
We have assembled drug development infrastructure that is comprised of highly experienced and motivated MDs, PhDs, medical science liaisons and a complement of other support personnel to rapidly develop these drugs. During 2009, this team achieved our goal of completing enrollment in the two Phase 3 apaziquone trials (with more than 1,600 patients enrolled). We expect to continue to maximize the value of apaziquone through further developmental efforts and initiation of additional trials, which we aim to begin in 2010. In addition, this team will focus its efforts in rapidly advancing the development of belinostat by expediting the patient enrollment in the registrational trial for PTCL and initiating additional studies in other indications in 2010.
 
We have several other exciting compounds in earlier stages of development in our portfolio. Based upon a criteria-based portfolio review, we are in the process of streamlining our pipeline drugs, allowing for greater focus and integration of our development and commercial goals.
 
  •  Expanding commercial bandwidth through licensing and business development.  It is our goal to identify new strategic opportunities that will create strong synergies with our currently marketed drugs and identify and pursue partnerships for out-licensing certain of our drugs in development. To this end, we will continue to explore strategic collaborations as these relate to drugs that are either in advanced clinical trials or are currently on the market. We believe that such opportunistic collaborations will provide synergies with respect to how we deploy our internal resources. In this regard, we intend to identify and secure drugs that have significant growth potential either through enhanced marketing and sales efforts or through pursuit of additional clinical development. We believe our recent in-licensing of belinostat, a novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, is demonstrative of such licensing and business development efforts outlined above.
 
  •  Managing our financial resources effectively.  We remain committed to fiscal discipline, a policy which has allowed us to become well capitalized among our peers, despite a very challenging capital markets environment in 2009. This policy includes the pursuit of non-dilutive funding options, prudent expense management, and the achievement of critical synergies within our operations in order to maintain a reasonable burn rate. Even with the continued build-up in operational infrastructure to facilitate the marketing of our two commercial drugs, we intend to be fiscally prudent in any expansion we undertake. In terms of revenue generation, we plan to become more reliant on sales from currently marketed drugs and intend to pursue out-licensing of select pipeline drugs in select territories, as discussed above. When appropriate, we may pursue other sources of financing, including non-dilutive financing alternatives. While we are currently focused on advancing our key drug development programs, we anticipate that we will make regular determinations as to which other programs, if any, to pursue and how much funding to direct to each program on an ongoing basis, based on clinical success and commercial potential, including termination of our existing development programs, especially if we do not expect value being driven from continued development. Our raising of over $100 million in equity financing in 2009 in a difficult financing environment, and our recent termination of the development of ozarelix in 2009 in benign prostate hypertrophy which resulted in planned development expense reduction, are recent examples of this strategy.


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  •  Further enhancing the organizational structure to meet our corporate objectives.  We have highly experienced staff in pharmaceutical operations, clinical development, regulatory and commercial functions who previously held positions at both small to mid-size biotech companies, as well as large pharmaceutical companies. We recently strengthened the ranks of our management team, and will continue to pursue talent on an opportunistic basis. Finally, we remain committed to running a lean and efficient organization, while effectively leveraging our critical resources.
 
Financial Condition
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Our cumulative losses, since inception in 1987 through December 31, 2009, are approximately $262 million. We expect to continue to incur additional losses for at least the next few years, as we implement our growth strategy of commercializing marketed drugs, while continuing to develop our portfolio of late-stage drug products. Our long-term strategy is to generate profits from the sale and licensing of our drug products. Accordingly, in the next several years, we expect to supplement our cash position with sales of Zevalin and Fusilev and generate licensing revenue from out-licensing our other drug products.
 
While we believe that the approximately $125 million in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, including some long term marketable securities, which we had available on December 31, 2009 will allow us to fund our current planned operations for at least the next twelve to eighteen months, we may, however, seek to obtain additional capital through the sale of debt or equity securities, if necessary, especially in conjunction with opportunistic acquisitions or license of drugs. We may be unable to obtain such additional capital when needed, or on terms favorable to us or our stockholders, if at all. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, the percentage ownership of our stockholders will be reduced, stockholders may experience additional dilution or such equity securities may provide for rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of the holders of our common stock. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of debt securities, the terms of such securities may place restrictions on our ability to operate our business. If and when appropriate, just as we have done in the past, we may pursue non-dilutive financing alternatives as well.
 
Zevalin sales growth is largely dependent on the successful launch of Zevalin for use as part of first-line therapy for follicular NHL, continued use in its initial indication, and establishing a consistent and accurate reimbursement standard. As noted above, we recently obtained a CMS decision for a reimbursement standard based on ASP methodology in the HOPPS setting. Fusilev sales largely depend upon obtaining FDA approval for use of Fusilev in combination with 5-FU containing regimens for the treatment of colorectal cancer and favorable reimbursement. As previously discussed, the FDA stated in their October 2009 Complete Response letter that the submission did not demonstrate that Fusilev is non-inferior to leucovorin; and at our January 2010 meeting the FDA requested additional data, which we expect to submit in the third quarter of 2010. We are unable to reasonably estimate when, if ever, we will realize sustainable net profit from sales of these two products or any of our other products, if they are approved by the FDA.
 
Our expenditures for research and development consist of direct product specific costs (such as up-front license fees, milestone payments, active pharmaceutical ingredients, clinical trials, patent related legal costs, and product liability insurance, among others) and non-product specific, or indirect, costs. The following summarizes our research and development expenses for the periods indicated and include related stock-based charges but not amortization of intangibles or expensing of in-process research and development costs. To the extent that costs, including personnel costs, are not tracked to a specific product development program, they are included in the


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“Indirect Costs” category in the table below. We charge all research and development expenses to operations as incurred.
 
                         
    Year Ended December 31,  
    2009     2008     2007  
    ($ in ’000’s)  
 
Eoquin
  $ 10,915     $ 5,477     $ 6,348  
Ozarelix
    1,168       2,435       6,217  
Ortataxel
    311       150       3,719  
Fusilev
    940       1,791       1,368  
Zevalin
    563       151        
Lucanthone
    289       348       1,405  
Other development drugs
    496       956       2,046  
                         
Total — Direct Costs
    14,682       11,308       21,103  
Indirect Costs (including non-cash share-based compensation of $4.1 million, $3.9 million and $3.6 million, respectively)
    6,376       15,375       12,182  
                         
Total Research & Development
  $ 21,058     $ 26,683     $ 33,285  
                         
 
While we are currently focused on advancing our key product development programs, we anticipate that we will make regular determinations as to which other programs, if any, to pursue and how much funding to direct to each program on an on-going basis in response to the scientific and clinical success of each product candidate, as well as an ongoing assessment as to the product candidate’s commercial potential.
 
Under our various existing licensing agreements, we are contingently obligated to make various regulatory and business milestone payments. In connection with the development of certain in-licensed drug products, we anticipate the occurrence of certain of these milestones during 2010. Upon successful achievement of these milestones, we will likely become obligated to pay up to approximately $0.2 million during 2010. The FDA’s acceptance of our sNDA for Fusilev for CRC in March 2009, triggered the issuance of an aggregate of 125,000 shares of our common stock to Targent, or its stockholders, with a fair market value of approximately $185,000. In August 2009, we acquired 100% of the rights to RenaZorb and Renalan®, a lanthanum-based nanotechnology compounds with potent and selective phosphate binding properties, for all uses pursuant to an amended and restated agreement that we entered into with Altair Nanomaterials, Inc and Altair Nanotechnologies, Inc. In 2005, we had acquired the worldwide license from Altair to develop and commercialize Altair’s lanthanum-based nanotechnology compounds and related technology or all human therapeutic uses. In consideration, we issued 113,809 shares of our common stock, with a then fair value of approximately $750,000. Moving forward, we are responsible for all development, commercialization and intellectual property costs that accrue after the August 2009 execution date for the amended and restated agreement.
 
Our anticipated net use of cash for operations in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2010, excluding the cost of in-licensing or acquisitions of additional drugs, if any, is expected to range between approximately $30 and $35 million. The programs that will represent a significant part of our expenditures are the on-going clinical studies of apaziquone and belinostat, the commercialization of Fusilev, and the re-launch of Zevalin. The level of funding of our other development projects is subject to the commercial success of our marketed products, clinical progress with apaziquone and belinostat and continued positive results from the preclinical and clinical studies with these other products.
 
Further, while we do not receive any funding from third parties for research and development that we conduct, co-development and out-licensing agreements with other companies for any of our drug products may reduce our expenses. In this regard, we entered into a collaboration agreement with Allergan whereby, commencing January 1, 2009, Allergan has borne 65% of the development costs of apaziquone. Additionally, we entered into a collaboration agreement with TopoTarget, whereby, commencing February 2, 2010, TopoTarget bears, for belinostat, 100% of the CUP trial costs and 30% of other development costs unrelated to the PTCL study.


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In addition to our present portfolio of drug product candidates, we continually evaluate proprietary products for acquisition. If we are successful in acquiring rights to additional products, we may pay up-front licensing fees in cash and/or common stock and our research and development expenditures would likely increase.
 
Net Cash used in Operating Activities
 
During the year ended December 31, 2009 net cash used in operations was approximately $17.6 million compared to net cash used in operations of approximately $8.0 million during 2008. The 2008 cash flows were favorably impacted by revenues of approximately $20.7 million from the sale of interests in certain non-core assets. The higher operating cash outflows in 2009, are primarily attributable to higher selling, general and administrative costs incurred due, in a large part, to the marketing efforts associated with Zevalin and were substantially mitigated by the revenues derived from Fusilev and Zevalin, and the participation by Allergan in the development activities for apaziquone.
 
Net Cash used for Investing Activities
 
We used net cash in investing activities of approximately $5.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to net cash used in investing activities of approximately $24.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. The amounts were primarily as follows: approximately $25.8 million of net disposition of marketable securities as compared to approximately $13.1 million invested in marketable securities and approximately $0.7 million and $1.5 million, for purchases of property and equipment in 2009 and 2008, respectively. In addition, during 2009 and 2008, we invested approximately $30.9 million and $10.2 million, respectively, for the acquisition (including acquisition costs) of the joint venture interest in Zevalin and certain milestone payments upon approval of first line therapy of Zevalin partially offset by amounts received in arbitration. At December 31, 2008, we had acquired a 50% interest in the joint venture in Zevalin and with a balance of $7.5 million payable in January 2009. In March 2009, we completed the acquisition of the full rights to Zevalin.
 
Net Cash provided by Financing Activities
 
Net cash provided by financing activities totaled approximately $95.9 million and $41.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The 2009 amounts were primarily from the sale of 15,187,715 shares of common stock for net proceeds of approximately $95.8 million. In 2008, the $41.5 million up-front payment received from Allergan was recorded as deferred revenue to be amortized over future periods in accordance with our revenue recognition policy. During 2009, pursuant to our revenue recognition policy, we recognized $8.3 million of the $41.5 million deferred in 2008 and expect that we will recognize the balance over the period of the development work as defined in the collaboration agreement with Allergan.
 
Results of Operations
 
Our results of operations give effect to the restatement of our previously issued consolidated financial statements as more fully described above.
 
Results of Operations for Fiscal 2009 Compared to Fiscal 2008
 
In 2009, we incurred a net loss of approximately $19.0 million as compared to a net loss of $14.2 million in 2008. The principal components of the year-to-year changes in line items are discussed below.
 
We recognized revenue of approximately $38.0 million in 2009 as compared to $28.7 million in 2008. During 2009, we recorded approximately $28.2 million of revenue from the sales of Zevalin and Fusilev as compared to approximately $8.0 million in 2008. Zevalin and Fusilev revenues in 2009 were approximately $15.7 and $12.5 million respectively, compared to approximately $0.3 million and $7.7 million, respectively in 2008. While shipments of Fusilev for the period ended December 31, 2008 were approximately $10.8 million (net of estimates for promotional, price and other adjustments), based on our revenue recognition policy, we had deferred the recognition of approximately $3.1 million of such revenue until we had more experience with product returns. We also recognized approximately $0.3 million net sales of Zevalin from the consolidation of RIT Oncology, LLC (RIT) effective December 15, 2008. We expect to continue to generate revenue from the sales of these two products


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in 2010, however, we are not able to provide any revenue guidance at this time. During 2009, we also recognized $8.3 million of licensing revenues from the amortization of the $41.5 million up-front payment we received from Allergan in 2008. We also recognized a milestone payment from Allergan of $1.5 million on the completion of enrollment of our two pivotal clinical trials for apaziquone. No similar revenues were recognized in 2008. During 2008, we recognized revenue from: (i) an agreement with Par Pharmaceutical, our former marketing partner for sumatriptan injection, pursuant to which we received a non-refundable $20 million cash payment from Par for the transfer of our share of the profits from the commercialization of sumatriptan injection; and (ii) the transfer of rights to certain of our ANDAs to Sagent Pharmaceuticals for $660,000. No similar revenues were generated during 2009.
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by approximately $18.4 million, from approximately $15.2 million in 2008 to approximately $33.6 million in 2009, primarily due to approximately:
 
  •  $10.6 million increase attributable to sales and marketing expenses, including payroll costs, incurred with the launch of Zevalin and Fusilev.
 
  •  $3.3 million increase in general and administrative costs due to increased activities, including payroll costs and higher professional costs due to business development activities
 
  •  $1.6 million increase in non-cash compensation expenses.
 
We expect an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses for 2010 primarily related to sales and marketing of Zevalin and Fusilev.
 
Research and development expenses decreased by approximately $5.7 million, from approximately $26.7 million in 2008 to approximately $21 million in 2009, which included non-cash amortization and write off of Zevalin related intangibles and in-process research, and development changes of approximately $3.7 million and $4.9 million in 2009 and 2008, respectively. Research and development expenses also reduced primarily due to sharing of apaziquone related development costs by our development partner, Allergan, of approximately $11.2 million. In addition, we incurred reduced development expense in other development products, including ozarelix. During 2009, in line with the strategy outlined at the start of the year, and in response to the global financial crisis we focused on executing a successful launch of Zevalin and Fusilev and prioritized our research and development efforts to complete the rapid enrollment in the apaziquone clinical studies.
 
We anticipate research and development expense in 2010 to be higher than 2009 primarily due to our recent partnership with TopoTarget for the development of belinostat. Research and development costs will be partially offset by our joint development agreement with Allergan, under which Allergan funds 65% of the development costs of development costs related to apaziquone and Topotarget will fund 100% of the development costs of the CUP study and cover in 30% of the development costs related to studies other than PTCL.
 
As reported above, we recorded approximately $3.7 million of expense from amortization of Zevalin related intangibles for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to $0.2 million during the same period in 2008. This was a full year’s amortization expense as compared to 15 day’s prorated amortization during 2008, since Zevalin was acquired in December 2008. During the year 2008, we recorded expense of $4.7 million for in-process research and development, or IPRD, on the Zevalin related intangibles; no similar expense was recorded in 2009.
 
We recorded approximately $8.1 million of income from warrant obligations in 2009 as compared to $1.3 million in 2008, in connection with the restatement of our previously reported financial statements.
 
Other income consisted of net interest income of approximately $0.7 million and $1.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively and in 2008 included approximately $200,000 realized investment gains. The decrease in interest income was primarily due to lower investment yields in 2009 due to the shift in our investment strategy to more conservative US Treasury investments. We expect similar yields going forward until such time the credit markets improve.


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Results of Operations
 
Results of Operations for Fiscal 2008 Compared to Fiscal 2007
 
In 2008, we incurred a net loss of approximately $14.2 million compared to a net loss of approximately $22.00 million in 2007. The principal components of the year-to-year changes in line items are discussed below.
 
We recognized revenue of approximately $28.7 million in 2008 as compared to approximately $7.7 million in 2007. During 2008, we recorded approximately $7.7 million of revenue from the August 2008 commercial launch of Fusilev, which was approved by the FDA in March 2008. While shipments of Fusilev for the period ended December 31, 2008 were approximately $10.8 million (net of estimates for promotional, price and other adjustments), based on our revenue recognition policy, we have deferred the recognition of approximately $3.1 million of such revenue until we have more experience with the amount of product returns. We also recognized approximately $0.3 million net sales of Zevalin from the consolidation of RIT effective December 15, 2008. In addition, during 2008, we recognized revenue from: (i) an agreement with Par Pharmaceutical, our former marketing partner for sumatriptan injection, pursuant to which we received a non-refundable $20 million cash payment from Par for the transfer of our share of the profits from the commercialization of sumatriptan injection; and (ii) the transfer of rights to certain of our ANDAs to Sagent Pharmaceuticals for $660,000. No similar revenues were generated during 2007. During 2007, we recognized approximately $7.7 million in licensing milestone and related revenues, pursuant to our agreement with GPC Biotech for satraplatin.
 
Research and development expenses decreased by approximately $6.6 million, from approximately $33.3 million in 2007 to approximately $26.7 million in 2008. During 2008, in line with the strategy outlined at the start of the year, and in response to the global financial crisis we focused on executing a successful launch of Fusilev and prioritized our R&D efforts to the rapid enrollment of the apaziquone clinical study. Principal components of the decrease in 2008 were as follows. Approximately:
 
  •  $3.8 million and $3.6 million, respectively, due to reductions in direct development costs related to ozarelix and ortataxel; partially offset by,
 
  •  $2.0 million increase in employee compensation expense associated substantially with the hiring of personnel to advance the apaziquone clinical study.
 
We recorded approximately $0.2 million of expense from amortization of Zevalin related intangibles for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to $0 million during the same period in 2007. This was a 15 day’s prorated amortization during 2008, since Zevalin was acquired in December 2008. During the year 2008, we recorded expense of approximately $4.7 million for in-process research and development (IPRD) on the Zevalin related intangibles; no similar expense was recorded in 2007.
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by approximately $3.6 million, from approximately $11.6 million in 2007 to approximately $15.2 million in 2008, primarily due to approximately:
 
  •  $5.9 million increase attributable to sales and marketing expenses, including payroll costs, incurred with the launch of Fusilev.
 
  •  $2.4 million decrease in legal expenses, largely attributable to the non-recurrence of arbitration costs against GPC Biotech incurred during 2007, partially offset by legal expenses in connection with business development activities, including the collaboration agreement with Allergan.
 
  •  $1.2 million increase in employee compensation attributed to the expanded scope of operations.
 
We recorded approximately $1.3 million of income from warrant obligations in 2008 as compared to approximately $12.1 million in 2007, in connection with the restatement of our previously reported financial statements.
 
Other income consisted of net interest income of approximately $1.2 million and $3.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and in 2008 included approximately $200,000 realized investment gains. The decrease in interest income was primarily due to lower investment yields in 2008 due to the shift in our investment strategy to more conservative US Treasury investments.


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Nature of each accrual that reduces gross revenue to net revenue
 
Provisions for product returns, sales discounts and rebates and estimates for chargebacks are established as a reduction of product sales revenue at the time revenues are recognized. Management considers various factors in determination of such provisions, which are described more in detail below. Such estimated amounts are deducted from our gross sales to determine our net revenues. Provisions for bad and doubtful accounts are deducted from gross receivables to determine net receivables. Changes in our estimates, if any, would be recorded in the statement of operations in the period the change is determined. If we materially over or under estimate the amount, there could be a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
 
For the periods ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, the following is a roll forward of the provisions for return, discounts and rebates and chargebacks allowances and estimated doubtful account allowances.
 
                                 
    Chargebacks &
          Doubtful
       
Schedule of Allowances for Receivables
  Discounts     Returns     Accounts     Total  
    ($ in ’000’s)  
 
Year Ended December 31, 2009:
                               
Balances at beginning of the period
  $ 1,631     $ 3,144     $ 150     $ 4,925  
Add/(less) provisions:
                               
Related to the sales of current fiscal year
    3,760       95             3,855  
Related to the sales of prior fiscal years
                       
Less : Credits or actual allowances:
                               
Related to sales from current fiscal year
    2,900                   2,900  
Related to sales from prior fiscal years
    1,631       2,063             3,694  
                                 
Balances at the close of the period
  $ 860     $ 1,176     $ 150     $ 2,186  
                                 
Year Ended December 31, 2008:
                               
Balances at beginning of period
              $ 150     $ 150  
Provisions:
                               
Related to the sales of current fiscal year
  $ 1,691     $ 3,144           $ 4,835  
Related to the sales of prior fiscal years
                       
Credits or actual allowances:
                               
Related to sales from current fiscal year
    60                   60  
Related to sales from prior fiscal years
                       
                                 
Balances at the close of the period
  $ 1,631     $ 3,144     $ 150     $ 4,925  
                                 
 
Amounts recorded as allowances on our consolidated balance sheets for 2009 and 2008 are reflected in the table above. The basis and methods of estimating these allowances, used by management, are described below.
 
Chargebacks, discounts and rebates
 
Chargebacks represent a provision against gross accounts receivable and related reduction to gross revenue. A chargeback is the difference between the price the wholesale customer, in our case the wholesaler or distributor, pays (the wholesale acquisition cost, or WAC) and the price (contracted price) that a contracted customer (e.g., a Group Purchasing Organization (GPO) member) pays for a product. We accrue for chargebacks in the relevant period on the presumption that all units of product sold to members of the GPOs will be charged back. We estimate chargebacks at the time of sale of our products to the members of the GPOs based on:
 
(1) volume of all products sold via distributors to members of the GPOs and the applicable chargeback rates for the relevant period;
 
(2) applicable WAC and the contract prices agreed with the GPOs; and


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(3) the information of inventories remaining on hand at the wholesalers and distributors at the end of the period, actual chargeback reports received from our wholesalers and distributors as well as the chargebacks not yet billed (product shipped less the chargebacks already billed back) in the calculation and validation of our chargeback estimates and reserves.
 
Discounts (generally prompt payment discounts) are accrued at the end of every reporting period based on the gross sales made to the customers during the period and based on their terms of trade for a product. We generally review the terms of the contracts, specifically price and discount structures, payment terms in the contracts between the customer and the Company to estimate the discount accrual.
 
Customer rebates are estimated at every period end, based on direct purchases, depending on whether any rebates have been offered. The rebates are recognized when products are purchased and a periodic credit is given. Medicaid rebates are based on the data we receive from the public sector benefit providers, which is based on the final dispensing of our product by a pharmacy to a benefit plan participant.
 
We record Medicaid and Medicare rebates based on estimates for such expense. However, such amount have not been material to the financial statements.
 
Product returns allowances
 
Customers are typically permitted to return products within thirty days after shipment, if incorrectly shipped or not ordered, and within a window of time six months before and twelve months after the expiration of product dating, subject to certain restocking fees and preauthorization requirements, as applicable. The returned product is destroyed if it is damaged, quality is compromised or past its expiration date. Based on our returns policy, we refund the sales price to the customer as a credit and record the credit against receivables. In general, returned product is not resold. As of each balance sheet date, we estimate potential returns, based on several factors, including: inventory held by distributors, sell through data of distributor sales to end users, customer and end-user ordering and re-ordering patterns, aging of accounts receivables, rates of returns for directly substitutable products and pharmaceutical products for the treatment of therapeutic areas similar to indications served by our products, shelf life of our products and based on experience of our management with selling similar oncology products. We record an allowance for future returns by debiting revenue, thereby reducing gross revenues and crediting a reserve for returns to reduce gross receivables.
 
Doubtful Accounts
 
An allowance for doubtful accounts is estimated based on the customer payment history and a review by management of the aging of the accounts receivables as of the balance sheet date. We accrue for doubtful accounts by recording an expense and creating an allowance for such accounts. If we are privy to information on the solvency of a customer or observe a payment history change, we estimate the accrual for such doubtful receivables or write the receivable off.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
We do not have any off balance sheet arrangements.


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Contractual and Commercial Obligations
 
The following table summarizes our contractual and other commitments, including obligations under a facility lease and equipment leases, as of December 31, 2009, approximately:
 
                                         
          Less than
                After
 
    Total     1 Year     2-3 Years     4-5 Years     5 Years  
 
Contractual Obligations(1)
                                       
Capital Lease Obligations(2)
  $ 147     $ 50     $ 97              
Operating Lease Obligations(3)
    3,284       428       939       1,054     $ 863  
Purchase Obligations(4)
    8,955       7,278       1,677              
Contingent Milestone Obligations(5)
    75,749       200       3,519       2,109       69,921  
                                         
Total
  $ 88,135     $ 7,956     $ 6,232     $ 3,163     $ 70,784  
                                         
 
 
(1) The table of contractual and commercial obligations excludes contingent payments that we may become obligated to pay upon the occurrence of future events whose outcome is not readily determinable. Such significant contingent obligations are described below under “Employment Agreements.”
 
(2) The capital lease obligations are related to leased office equipment.
 
(3) The operating lease obligations are primarily related to the facility lease for our corporate office, which we renewed in July 2009 and expires in June 2016.
 
(4) Purchase obligations represent the amount of open purchase orders and contractual commitments to vendors for products and services that have not been delivered, or rendered, as of December 31, 2009. Approximately 90% of the purchase obligations consist of expenses associated with clinical trials and related costs for apaziquone and ozarelix for each of the periods presented. Please see “Service Agreements” below for further information.
 
(5) Milestone obligations are payable contingent upon successfully reaching certain development and regulatory milestones as further described below under “Licensing Agreements.” While the amounts included in the table above represent all of our potential cash development and regulatory milestone obligations as of December 31, 2009, given the unpredictability of the drug development process, and the impossibility of predicting the success of current and future clinical trials, the timelines estimated above do not represent a forecast of when payment milestones will actually be reached, if at all. Rather, they assume that all development and regulatory milestones under all of our license agreements are successfully met, and represent our best estimates of the timelines. In the event that the milestones are met, we believe it is likely that the increase in the potential value of the related drug product will exceed the amount of the milestone obligation.
 
Licensing Agreements
 
Almost all of our drug candidates are being developed pursuant to license agreements that provide us with rights to certain territories to, among other things, develop, sublicense, and sell the drugs. We are required to use commercially reasonable efforts to develop the drugs, are generally responsible for all development, patent filing and maintenance costs, sales, marketing and liability insurance costs, and are generally contingently obligated to make milestone payments to the licensors if we successfully reach development and regulatory milestones specified in the agreements. In addition, we are obligated to pay royalties and, in some cases, milestone payments based on net sales, if any, after marketing approval is obtained from regulatory authorities.
 
The potential contingent development and regulatory milestone obligations under all our licensing agreements are generally tied to progress through the FDA approval process, which approval significantly depends on positive clinical trial results. The following list is typical of milestone events relevant for us: conclusion of Phase 2 or commencement of Phase 3 clinical trials; filing of new drug applications in each of the United States, Europe and Japan; and approvals from each of the regulatory agencies in those jurisdictions.


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Service Agreements
 
In connection with the research and development of our drug products, we have entered into contracts with numerous third party service providers, such as clinical trial centers, clinical research organizations, data monitoring centers, and with drug formulation, development and testing laboratories. The financial terms of these agreements are varied and generally obligate us to pay in stages, depending on achievement of certain events specified in the agreements, such as contract execution, reservation of service or production capacity, actual performance of service, or the successful accrual and dosing of patients.
 
At each period end, we accrue for all costs of goods and services received, with such accruals based on factors such as estimates of work performed, patient enrollment, completion of patient studies and other events. As of December 31, 2009, we were committed under such contracts for up to approximately $9.0 million, for future goods and services, including approximately $7.3 million due within one year. We are in a position to accelerate, slow-down or discontinue any or all of the projects that we are working on at any given point in time. Should we decide to discontinue and/or slow-down the work on any project, the associated costs for those projects would get limited to the extent of the work completed. Generally, we are able to terminate these contracts due to the discontinuance of the related project(s) and thus avoid paying for the services that have not yet been rendered and our future purchase obligations would reduce accordingly.
 
Employment Agreement
 
We have entered into an employment agreement with Dr. Shrotriya, our President and Chief Executive Officer, which expires January 2, 2011. The employment agreement automatically renews for a one-year calendar term unless either party gives written notice of such party’s intent not to renew the agreement at least ninety days prior to the commencement of the next year. The employment agreement requires Dr. Shrotriya to devote his full working time and effort to the business and affairs of the Company during the term of the agreement. The employment agreement provides for a minimum annual base salary with annual increases, periodic bonuses and option grants as determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.
 
Dr. Shrotriya’s employment may be terminated due to non-renewal of his employment agreement by us, mutual agreement, death or disability, or by us for cause (as that term is defined in the employment agreement) or without cause, or by Dr. Shrotriya for no reason, good reason (as defined in the agreement) or non-renewal. The employment agreement provides for various guaranteed severance payments and benefits if: (i) the agreement is not renewed by us, (ii) Dr. Shrotriya’s employment is terminated without cause, (iii) Dr. Shrotriya resigns for good reason, (iv) the agreement is terminated due to death or disability of Dr. Shrotriya, (v) if Dr. Shrotriya voluntarily resigns his employment for no reason or (vi) if Dr. Shrotriya’s employment is terminated (other than by Dr. Shrotriya) without cause within twelve months after a change in control, or Dr. Shrotriya is adversely affected in connection with a change in control and resigns within twelve months. If the agreement is terminated due to mutual agreement, Dr. Shrotriya’s non-renewal of the agreement, or by us for cause, Dr. Shrotriya shall not be entitled to any severance.
 
If any payment or distribution by us to or for the benefit of Dr. Shrotriya is subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) or any interest or penalties are incurred by Dr. Shrotriya with respect to such excise tax, then Dr. Shrotriya shall be entitled to receive an additional payment in an amount such that after payment by Dr. Shrotriya of all taxes (including any interest and penalties imposed with respect thereto) and excise tax imposed upon such payment, Dr. Shrotriya retains an amount of the payment equal to the excise tax imposed upon the payment.
 
If we determine that any payments to Dr. Shrotriya under the agreement fail to satisfy the distribution requirement of Section 409A(a)(2)(A) of the IRC, the payment schedule of that benefit shall be revised to the extent necessary so that the benefit is not subject to the provisions of Section 409A(a)(1) of the IRC. We may attach conditions to or adjust the amounts so paid to preserve, as closely as possible, the economic consequences that would have applied in the absence of this adjustment; provided, however, that no such condition or adjustment shall result in the payments being subject to Section 409A(a)(1) of the IRC.


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Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Assumptions
 
Our discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities reported in our consolidated financial statements. The estimation process requires assumptions to be made about future events and conditions, and is consequently inherently subjective and uncertain. Actual results could differ materially from our estimates. We regularly evaluate our estimates, including cash requirements, by assessing: planned research and development activities and general and administrative requirements; required clinical trial activity; market need for our drug candidates; and other major business assumptions.
 
The SEC defines critical accounting policies as those that are, in management’s view, most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and most demanding of our judgment. We consider the following policies to be critical to an understanding of our consolidated financial statements and the uncertainties associated with the complex judgments made by us that could impact our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.
 
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities
 
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities primarily consist of bank checking deposits, short-term treasury securities, and institutional money market funds, corporate debt and equity, municipal obligations, including market auction debt securities, government agency notes, and certificates of deposit. We classify highly liquid short-term investments, with insignificant interest rate risk and maturities of ninety days or less at the time of acquisition, as cash and cash equivalents. Other investments, which do not meet the above definition of cash equivalents, are classified as either “held-to-maturity” or “available-for-sale” marketable securities. Investments that we intend to hold for more than one year are classified as long-term investments. All of our “available for sale securities” are classified as current assets based on our intent and ability to use any and all of these securities as necessary to satisfy our cash needs as they arise, by redeeming them at par with short notice and without a penalty. Investments with maturity dates over one year from December 31, 2009 are classified as held-to-maturity.
 
Revenue Recognition
 
We sell our products to wholesalers and distributors of oncology products and directly to the end user, directly or through GPOs (e.g., certain hospitals or hospital systems and clinics with whom we have entered into a direct purchase agreement). Our wholesalers and distributors purchase our products and sell the products directly to the end users, which include, but are not limited to, hospitals, clinics, medical facilities, managed care facilities and private oncology based practices etc. Revenue from product sales is recognized upon shipment of product when title and risk of loss have transferred to the customer, and the following additional criteria specified by ASC No. 605-15, “Revenue Recognition: Products” are met:
 
(i) the price is substantially fixed and determinable;
 
(ii) our customer has economic substance apart from that provided by us;
 
(iii) our customer’s obligation to pay us is not contingent on resale of the product; and
 
(iv) we do not have significant obligations for future performance to directly bring about the resale of our product; and
 
(v) we have a reasonable basis to estimate future returns.
 
We also follow the provisions as set forth by current accounting rules, which primarily include Staff Accounting Bulletin ASC No. 605-15 “Revenue Recognition,” “Revenue Recognition,” and ASC No. 605-25, “Revenue Recognition: Multiple-Element Arrangements.”


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Generally, revenue is recognized when all four of the following criteria are met:
 
(i) persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists;
 
(ii) delivery of the products has occurred, or services have been rendered;
 
(iii) the selling price is both fixed and determinable; and
 
(iv) collectibility is reasonably assured.
 
Provisions for estimated product returns, sales discounts, rebates and charge backs are established as a reduction of gross product sales at the time such revenues are recognized. Thus, revenue is recorded, net of such estimated provisions. Our estimates for product returns are based our review of inventory in the channels and review of historical rates of actual returns.
 
Consistent with industry practice, our product return policy permits our customers to return products within thirty days after shipment, if incorrectly shipped or not ordered, and within a window of time six months before and twelve months after the expiration of product dating, subject to certain restocking fees and preauthorization requirements, as applicable. Currently, our returns policy does not allow for replacement of product. The returned product is destroyed if it is damaged, it’s quality is compromised or it is past its expiration date. Based on our returns policy, we refund the sales price to the customer as a credit and record the credit against receivables. In general returned product is not resold. We generally reserve the right to decline granting a return and to decide on product destruction. As of each balance sheet date, we estimate potential returns, based on several factors, including: inventory held by distributors, sell through data of distributor sales to end users, customer and end-user ordering and re-ordering patterns, aging of accounts receivables, rates of returns for directly substitutable products and other pharmaceutical products for the treatment of therapeutic areas similar to indications served by our products, shelf life of our products and the extensive experience of our management with selling the same and similar oncology products. We record an allowance for future returns by debiting revenue, thereby reducing gross revenues and crediting a reserve for returns to reduce gross receivables. If allowances exceed the related accounts receivables, we reclassify such allowances to accrued obligations.
 
We also state the related accounts receivable at net realizable value, with any allowance for doubtful accounts charged to general operating expenses. If revenue from sales is not reasonably determinable due to provisions for estimates, promotional adjustments, price adjustments, returns or any other potential adjustments, we defer the revenue and recognize revenue when the estimates are reasonably determinable, even if the monies for the gross sales have been received.
 
Up-front fees representing non-refundable payments received upon the execution of licensing or other agreements are recognized as revenue upon execution of the agreements where we have no significant future performance obligations and collectibility of the fees is reasonably assured. Milestone payments, which are generally based on developmental or regulatory events, are recognized as revenue when the milestones are achieved, collectibility is reasonably assured, and we have no significant future performance obligations in connection with the milestone. In those instances where we have collected fees or milestone payments but have significant future performance obligations related to the development of the drug product, we record deferred revenue and recognize it over the period of our future obligations.
 
Purchase Price Allocation
 
The purchase price allocation for acquisitions of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date requires extensive accounting estimates and judgments, including in process research and development. Based on the provisions of ASC No. 805, “Business Combinations,” for transactions that occurred prior to December 31, 2008, we allocated the purchase price for the identifiable intangibles. For each acquisition, we engaged an independent third-party valuation firm to assist in determining the fair value of in-process research and development and identifiable intangible assets. Such a valuation requires significant estimates and assumptions including but not limited to: determining the timing and expected costs to complete the in-process projects, projecting regulatory approvals, estimating future cash flows from product sales resulting from in-process projects, and developing appropriate discount rates and probability


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rates by project. We believe the fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on reasonable assumptions. However, these assumptions may be inaccurate, and unanticipated events and circumstances may occur. Additionally, we must determine whether an acquired entity considered to be a business or a set of net assets because a portion of the purchase price can only be allocated to goodwill in a business combination.
 
Research and Development
 
Research and development expenses include salaries and benefits, clinical trial and related manufacturing costs, contract and other outside service fees, and facilities and overhead costs related to our research and development efforts. Research and development expenses also consist of costs incurred for proprietary and collaboration research and development and include activities such as product registries and investigator-sponsored trials. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. In certain instances we enter into agreements with third parties for research and development activities, where we may prepay fees for services at the initiation of the contract. We record such prepayment as a prepaid asset and charge research and development expense over the period of time the contracted research and development services are performed. In connection with the October 2008 co-development agreement, Allergan bears 65% of the development costs incurred for apaziquone in NMIBC, commencing January 1, 2009. During the year ended December 31, 2009, approximately $11.2 million of development costs were reimbursed by Allergan, and credited against total related research and development expense.
 
As of each balance sheet date, we review purchase commitments and accrue drug development expenses based on factors such as estimates of work performed, patient enrollment, completion of patient studies and other events. Accrued clinical study costs are subject to revisions as trials progress to completion. Revisions are recorded in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known.
 
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets
 
Identifiable intangible assets with definite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 1 to 10 years.
 
We evaluate the recoverability of intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an intangible asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable. Such circumstances could include, but are not limited to the following:
 
i a significant decrease in the market value of an asset;
 
ii a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used; or
 
iii an accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition of an asset.
 
We measure the carrying amount of the asset against the estimated undiscounted future cash flows associated with it. Should the sum of the expected future net cash flows be less than the carrying value of the asset being evaluated, an impairment loss would be recognized. The impairment loss would be calculated as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value. No impairment loss was recorded during the years 2009, 2008 or 2007.
 
Share-Based Compensation
 
We recognize compensation expenses for all share-based awards to employees and directors. In estimating the fair value of share-based compensation, we use the quoted closing market price, based on the date prior to our grant date, of our common stock for stock awards and the Black-Scholes option pricing model for stock options and warrants. We estimate future volatility based on historical volatility of our common stock, and we estimate the expected life of options based on several criteria, including the vesting period of the grant and the expected volatility.
 
Share based compensation is recognized only for those awards that are ultimately expected to vest, and we have applied or estimated forfeiture rate to unvested awards for purposes of calculating compensation costs. These


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estimates will be revised in future periods if actual forfeitures differ from the estimates. Changes in forfeiture estimates impact compensation cost in the period in which the change in estimate occurs.
 
Warrant accounting
 
We account for registered common stock warrants pursuant to applicable accounting guidance contained in ASC 815 “Deviratives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (formerly known as EITF 00-19) on the understanding that in compliance with applicable securities laws, the registered warrants require the issuance of registered securities upon exercise and do not sufficiently preclude an implied right to net cash settlement. We classify registered warrants on the consolidated balance sheet as a current liability which is revalued at each balance sheet date subsequent to the initial issuance. Determining the appropriate fair-value model and calculating the fair value of registered warrants requires considerable judgment, including estimating stock price volatility and expected warrant life. We develop our estimates based on historical data. A small change in the estimates used may have a relatively large change in the estimated valuation. We use the Black-Scholes pricing model to value the registered warrants. Changes in the fair market value of the warrants are reflected in the consolidated statement of operations as “Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability.”
 
The following summarizes the activity of Level 3 inputs measured on a recurring basis for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008:
 
         
    Fair Value Measurements of
 
    Common Stock Warrants
 
    Using Significant
 
    Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
    ($ in 000’s)  
 
Balance at January 1, 2008
  $ 2,036  
         
Transfers in / (out) of Level 3
     
Issuance of common stock warrants
     
Repurchase of Forfeitures
     
Expirations
     
Settlements associated with exercises
     
Adjustments resulting from change in value of warrants recognized in earnings
    (1,271 )
         
Balance at December 31, 2008
    765  
         
Transfers in / (out) of Level 3
     
Issuance of common stock warrants
    14,016  
Repurchases or forfeitures
    (394 )
Gain on repurchase recognized in earnings
    323  
Expirations
     
Settlements associated with exercises
     
Adjustments resulting from change in value of warrants recognized in earnings
    (8,075 )
         
Balance at December 31, 2009
  $ 6,635  
         
 
New Accounting Pronouncements
 
See Note 3: Recent Accounting Pronouncements of our accompanying consolidated financial statements for a description of recent accounting pronouncements that have a potentially significant impact on our financial reporting and our expectations of their impact on our results of operations and financial condition.


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Item 7A.   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
 
The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal, while at the same time maximizing yields without significantly increasing risk. We do not utilize hedging contracts or similar instruments.
 
We are exposed to certain market risks. Our primary exposures relate to (1) interest rate risk on our investment portfolio, (2) credit risk of the companies’ bonds in which we invest, (3) general credit market risks as have existed since late 2007 and (4) the financial viability of the institutions which hold our capital and through which we have invested our funds. We manage such risks on our investment portfolio by matching scheduled investment maturities with our cash requirements and investing in highly rated instruments.
 
In response to the dislocation in the credit markets since the latter part of 2007, in early 2008 we converted substantially all of our investments, including all of our market auction debt securities, into highly liquid and safe instruments. Our investments, as of December 31, 2009, were primarily in money market accounts, short-term corporate bonds, certificate of deposits, U.S. Treasury bills and U.S. Treasury-backed securities. We believe the financial institutions through which we have invested our funds are strong, well capitalized and our instruments are held in accounts segregated from the assets of the institutions. However, due to the current extremely volatile financial and credit markets and liquidity crunch faced by most banking institutions, the financial viability of these institutions, and the safety and liquidity of our funds is being constantly monitored.
 
Because of our ability to generally redeem these investments at par at short notice and without penalty, changes in interest rates would have an immaterial effect on the fair value of these investments. If a 10% change in interest rates were to have occurred on December 31, 2009, any decline in the fair value of our investments would not be material in the context of our consolidated financial statements. In addition, we are exposed to certain market risks associated with credit ratings of corporations whose corporate bonds we may purchase from time to time. If these companies were to experience a significant detrimental change in their credit ratings, the fair market value of such corporate bonds may significantly decrease. If these companies were to default on these corporate bonds, we may lose part or all of our principal. We believe that we effectively manage this market risk by diversifying our investments, and investing in highly rated securities.
 
In addition, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations relating to payments we make to vendors, suppliers and license partners using foreign currencies. In particular, some of our obligations are incurred in Euros. We mitigate such risk by maintaining a limited portion of our cash in Euros and other currencies.
 
Item 8.   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
 
Our annual consolidated financial statements are included in Item 15 of this report.
 
Item 9.   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
 
Effective December 3, 2009, our Audit Committee approved the engagement of Ernst & Young to serve as our independent registered public accounting firm. Our prior auditors, Kelly & Co., were re-engaged by our audit committee on March 30, 2010 to reopen the audit of the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008.
 
During the two fiscal years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, there were no disagreements between us and Kelly & Co. on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure which, if not resolved to Kelly & Co.’s satisfaction, would have caused Kelly & Co. to make reference to the subject matter of the disagreement in connection with its report for such years within the meaning of Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K. In addition, during the period identified above, there were no reportable events as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.
 
Item 9A.   Controls and Procedures
 
Our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have provided certifications filed as Exhibits 31.1 and 32.1, and 31.2 and 32.2, respectively. Such certifications should be read in conjunction with the information contained in this Item 9A for a more complete understanding of the matters covered by such certifications.


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(i)  Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
We have established disclosure controls and procedures (as such terms are defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (our principal executive officer) and Vice President Finance (our principal financial officer), as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, our management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide a reasonable level of assurance of reaching our desired disclosure control objectives.
 
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Vice President of Finance, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2009, the end of the period covered by this annual report. Based on such evaluation, as of December 31, 2009, our Chief Executive Officer and Vice President of Finance concluded that, in light of the restatement required for warrants pursuant to ASC 815 “Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (formerly known as EITF 00-19) our disclosure controls and procedures required improvement in order to prevent such a recurrence and were thus not effective as of December 31, 2009. While we have processes to identify and intelligently apply developments in accounting, we plan to enhance these processes to better understand nuances to increasingly complex accounting standards. Our plans include the following: enhanced access to accounting literature, research materials and documents; identification of third party professionals with whom to consult regarding complex accounting applications; and consideration of additional staff with the requisite experience and training to supplement our current accounting professionals.
 
(ii)   Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
(a)   Management’s annual report on internal control over financial reporting
 
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f).
 
Our internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to our management and board of directors regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Due to the small size of our company and the limited number of employees, it is not possible for us to fully segregate duties associated with the financial reporting process; accordingly, we rely on mitigating controls to reduce the risks from such lack of segregation of duties. Further, all internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. Because of such inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, or COSO. The objective of this assessment was to determine whether our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2009.
 
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. In our assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, we identified a material weakness over the accounting for and disclosure of derivatives associated with warrant instruments primarily because we lacked technical expertise and adequate procedures to develop and document our common stock


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warrant analysis on the applicability of ASC 815 “Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (formerly known as EITF 00-19) to our warrant instruments. Because we lacked technical expertise and adequate procedures to develop and document our analysis of the applicability of ASC 815, and was characterized as a material weakness with regard to accounting for warrants, management has concluded that we did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009 based on the criteria in Internal Control — Integrated Framework.
 
Ernst & Young, our independent registered public accounting firm, audited the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting and, based on that audit, issued an adverse opinion on their report as stated below.
 
(b)   Changes in internal control over financial reporting
 
Based on the matters discussed above, we intend to develop and implement a remediation plan to address the identified material weakness as follows: enhanced access to accounting literature, research materials and documents; identification of third party professionals with whom to consult regarding complex accounting applications; and consideration of involving additional staff with the requisite experience and training to supplement our current accounting professionals.
 
Other than with respect to the identification of the material weakness over the accounting for warrants discussed above, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


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Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
The Board of Directors and
Stockholders of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
 
We have audited Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The following material weakness has been identified and included in management’s assessment. Management has identified a material weakness in controls related to the accounting for, and disclosure of, warrants to purchase common stock in accordance with relevant generally accepted accounting principles. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and the related consolidated statements of operations, equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2009. This material weakness was considered in determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit tests applied in our audit of the 2009 consolidated financial statements, and this report does not affect our report dated April 2, 2010 which expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
 
In our opinion, because of the effect of the material weakness described above on the achievement of the objectives of the control criteria, Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries has not maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on the COSO criteria.
 
/s/  Ernst & Young LLP
 
Orange County, California
April 2, 2010


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Item 9B.   Other Information
 
Item 4.01. — Changes in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant.
 
(b)
 
On December 3, 2009, we engaged Ernst & Young as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the Company’s financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, and discontinued using Kelly & Co. who served as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Company from December 23, 2002 to December 3, 2009. During such time, Kelly & Co. rendered the audit opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s annual reports on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008.
 
In connection with the restatement of the Company’s consolidated financial statements discussed below in Item 4.02 and elsewhere in this document, on March 30, 2010, the Company’s Audit Committee re-engaged Kelly & Co. to audit the restatement adjustments that the Company made to its 2007 and 2008 consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-K.
 
With respect to Ernst & Young’s ongoing audit of the Company’s financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, the Audit Committee authorized Kelly & Co. to respond fully to: (i) inquiries from Ernst & Young regarding the restatement items in the financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, and (ii) any other inquiries from Ernst & Young regarding any of the financial statements of the Company.
 
The Company provided Kelly & Co. with a copy of the foregoing disclosures in this Item 4.01(b) and requested that Kelly & Co. review such disclosures. In addition, Kelly & Co. has been given an opportunity to furnish the Company with a letter addressed to the SEC containing any new information, clarification of the Company’s expression of its views, or the extent to which it does not agree with the statements made by the Company in this Item 4.01(b). Kelly & Co. informed the Company on April 2, 2010 that it agrees with the disclosure provided in this Item 4.01(b) and has not furnished such a letter to the Company or the SEC.
 
Item 4.02. — Non-Reliance on Previously Issued Financial Statements or a Related Audit Report or Completed Interim Review.
 
In connection with warrants issued in registered offerings during 2005 and 2009, the Company had previously classified the warrants as equity under its evaluation of applicable guidance contained in ASC 815 “Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (formerly known as Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock”). In connection with the audit for the fiscal year 2009, the Company, in consultation with Ernst & Young, the Company’s current independent registered public accounting firm, reassessed the accounting classification of the warrants under ASC 815 based on certain terms of the warrants. The warrants provide that in the event the Company is unable to issue registered shares upon exercise, the warrant holders are entitled, under securities laws, to receive freely tradable shares pursuant to a “cashless exercise” provision. However, based on interpretation of ASC 815, there is a required presumption of net cash settlement as it is not within the control of the Company to provide registered shares, no matter how remote the probability. The Company’s Audit Committee, together with management, in consultation with the Company’s outside legal advisors, determined on March 30, 2010 that, notwithstanding the highly remote theoretical nature of the possibility of net cash settlement, the warrants should have originally been recorded as liabilities, measured at fair value each reporting period, with changes in the fair values being recognized in the statement of operations.


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The restatements reflect the reclassification of the warrants from equity to a liability in the following amounts, which represents the fair value of the warrants, as of the issuance dates, calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.
 
                             
                    Fair Value
 
    Number of
              of Warrants
 
    Warrants
    Exercise
    Expiration
  at Issuance
 
Issuance Date
  Issued     Price    
of Warrants
  Date  
                    (In thousands)  
 
September 14, 2005
    4,000,000     $ 6.62     September 14, 2011   $ 15,472  
                             
May 27, 2009
    1,956,947     $ 5.11     February 25, 2010   $ 2,881  
                             
June 15, 2009
    857,633     $ 5.83     March 15, 2010   $ 1,847  
                             
June 30, 2009
    1,468,020     $ 7.10     March 30, 2010   $ 4,117  
                             
September 18, 2009
    2,649,007     $ 7.55     June 20, 2010   $ 5,170  
                             
 
The revaluation of the warrants at each subsequent balance sheet date to fair value, results in a change in the carrying value of the liability, which change is recorded as “Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability” in the consolidated statement of operations. The net effect of these changes for fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for each of the quarterly condensed consolidated financial statements on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2008 through September 30, 2009 are as follows:
 
         
    Income (Loss) Resulting
 
    from Change in Fair
 
    Value of Common
 
Reporting Period
  Stock Warrant Liability  
    (In thousands)  
 
Annual
       
Year ended December 31, 2007
  $ 12,055  
         
Year ended December 31, 2008
  $ 1,271  
         
Interim (unaudited)
       
Quarter ended March 31, 2008
  $ 520  
         
Quarter ended June 30, 2008
  $ 916  
         
Quarter ended September 30, 2008
    45  
         
Quarter ended December 31, 2008
  $ (210 )
         
Quarter ended March 31, 2009
  $ (509 )
         
Quarter ended June 30, 2009
  $ (20,113 )
         
Quarter ended September 30, 2009
  $ 8,863  
         
 
We have not amended our previously field Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008, or the Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the periods ended September 30, 2005 through September 30, 2009 to reflect the restatements described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and thus the financial statements and related financial statement information contained in those reports should no longer be relied upon.
 
The Audit Committee and management have discussed these matters with Ernst & Young, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm.


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PART III
 
Item 10.   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
 
The information required under this item is incorporated by reference from our definitive proxy statement related to our 2010 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, or the Proxy Statement, to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A, on or before April 30, 2010.
 
Item 11.   Executive Compensation
 
The information required under this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Proxy Statement.
 
Item 12.   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
 
The information required under this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Proxy Statement.
 
Item 13.   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
 
The information required under this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Proxy Statement.
 
Item 14.   Principal Accountant Fees and Services
 
The information required under this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Proxy Statement.
 
PART IV
 
Item 15.   Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
 
(a)(1) Consolidated Financial Statements:
 
     
    Page
 
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms
  F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 (as restated)
  F-4
Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the years in the periods ended December 31, 2009, 2008 (as restated) and 2007 (as restated)
  F-5
Consolidated Statements of Equity for each of the years in the periods ended December 31, 2009, 2008 (as restated) and 2007 (as restated)
  F-6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow for each of the years in the periods ended December 31, 2009, 2008 (as restated) and 2007 (as restated)
  F-7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
  F-8
 
(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules:  All financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or notes thereto.
 
(a)(3) Exhibits.


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Index to Exhibits
 
         
Exhibit
   
No.
 
Description
 
  2 .1   Asset Purchase Agreement by and between the Registrant, Targent Inc. and Certain Stockholders of Targent, Inc., dated March 17 2006. (Filed as Exhibit 2.1 to Form 10-K/A, Amendment No. 1, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 1, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  2 .2   Asset Purchase Agreement by and between the Registrant and Par Pharmaceutical, Inc., dated as of May 6, 2008. (Filed as Exhibit 2.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 11, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  2 .3#   Purchase and Formation Agreement, dated as of November 26, 2008, by and among the Registrant, Cell Therapeutics, Inc. and RIT Oncology, LLC. (Filed as Exhibit 2.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 19, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  2 .4#   Limited Liability Company Interest Assignment Agreement, dated as of March 15, 2009, by and between the Registrant and Cell Therapeutics, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 2.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 15, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  3 .1   Amended Certificate of Incorporation, as filed. (Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 8, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  3 .2   Form of Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant. (Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 16, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .1   Rights Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2000, between the Registrant and ComputerShare Trust Company, N.A. (formerly U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation), as Rights Agent, which includes as Exhibit A thereto the form of Certificate of Designation for the Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock, as Exhibit B thereto the Form of Rights Certificate and as Exhibit C thereto a Summary of Terms of Stockholder Rights Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-A12G, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 26, 2000, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .2   Amendment No. 1 to the Rights Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2000 by and between the Registrant and ComputerShare Trust Company, N.A. (formerly U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation). (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .3   Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of September 26, 2003, by and among the Registrant and the persons listed on Schedule 1 attached thereto. (Filed as Exhibit 4.4 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .4   Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of April 20, 2004, by and among the Registrant and the persons listed on Schedule 1 attached thereto. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 23, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .5   Amendment No. 2 to the Rights Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2000, by and between the Registrant and ComputerShare Trust Company, N.A. (formerly U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation). (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 17, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .6   Amendment No. 3 to the Rights Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2000 by and between the Registrant and ComputerShare Trust Company, N.A. (formerly U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation). (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 17, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .7   Warrant issued by the Registrant to a Consultant, dated as of September 17, 2003. (Filed as Exhibit 4.3 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 17, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .8   Amendment No. 1, dated as of November 2, 2005, to Warrant issued by the Registrant to a Consultant, dated as of September 17, 2003. (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 4, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .9   Warrant issued by the Registrant to a Consultant, dated as of September 20, 2005. (Filed as Exhibit 4.3 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 4, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.)


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Exhibit
   
No.
 
Description
 
  4 .10   Form of Warrant, dated September 15, 2005. (Filed as Exhibit 4.35 to Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 15, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .11   Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of April 20, 2006, by and among the Registrant and Targent, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 8, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .12   Fourth Amendment to Rights Agreement, dated July 7, 2006. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 12, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .13   Amendment No. 5 to the Rights Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2000, by and between the Registrant and ComputerShare Trust Company, N.A. (formerly U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation). (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 3, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .14   Amendment No. 2, dated as of March 26, 2007, to Warrant issued by the Registrant to a Consultant, dated as of September 17, 2003. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 10-K/A, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 30, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .15   Warrant issued by the Registrant to a Consultant, dated as of April 28, 2008. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 11, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .16   Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 28, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .17   Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 18, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .18   Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .19   Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 23, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .1   Industrial Lease Agreement, dated as of January 16, 1997, between the Registrant and the Irvine Company. (Filed as Exhibit 10.11 to Form 10-KSB, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 1997, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .2   Preferred Stock and Warrant Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 26, 2003, by and among the Registrant and the purchasers listed on Schedule 1 attached thereto. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .3   First Amendment, dated March 25, 2004, to Industrial Lease Agreement dated as of January 16, 1997 by and between the Registrant and the Irvine Company. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 17, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .4   Common Stock and Warrant Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 20, 2004, by and among the Registrant and the purchasers listed on Schedule 1 attached thereto. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 23, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .5#   License and Collaboration Agreement by and between the Registrant and Zentaris GmbH, dated as of August 12, 2004. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form S-3/A, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 21, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .6*   Form of Stock Option Agreement under the 2003 Amended and Restated Incentive Award Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 17, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .7#   License Agreement by and between the Registrant and Chicago Labs, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 25, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .8*   Form of Non-Employee Director Stock Option Agreement under the 2003 Amended and Restated Incentive Award Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.5 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 10, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.)

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Exhibit
   
No.
 
Description
 
  10 .9*   Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice and Restricted Stock Award Agreement under the 2003 Amended and Restated Incentive Award Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.44 to Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 15, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .10#   License Agreement between the Registrant and Merck Eprova AG, dated May 23, 2006. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 8, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .11*   Third Amended and Restated 1997 Stock Incentive Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 3, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .12#   Agreement by and between the Registrant and Glaxo Group Limited (d/b/a GlaxoSmithKline), dated November 10, 2006. (Filed as Exhibit 10.38 to Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 14, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .13*   2003 Amended and Restated Incentive Award Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 9, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .14#   License Agreement by and between the Registrant and Indena, S.p.A., dated July 17, 2007. (Filed as Exhibit 10.4 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 9, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .15*   Executive Employment Agreement by and between the Registrant and Rajesh C. Shrotriya, M.D., entered into June 20, 2008 and effective as of January 2, 2008. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 26, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .16   Consulting Agreement by and between the Registrant and Luigi Lenaz, M.D., effective as of July 1, 2008. (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 11, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .17*   Form of Indemnity Agreement of the Registrant. (Filed as Exhibit 10.32 to Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .18#   License, Development, Supply and Distribution Agreement, dated October 28, 2008, by and among the Registrant, Allergan Sales, LLC, Allergan USA, Inc. and Allergan, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.33 to Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .19*   Form of Stock Purchase Agreement, dated May 6, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 7, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .20   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated May 27, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 28, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .21   Placement Agency Agreement between the Registrant and Rodman & Renshaw, LLC, dated May 26, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 28, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .22   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated June 15, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 18, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .23   Placement Agency Agreement between the Registrant and Rodman & Renshaw, LLC, June 15, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 18, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .24*   2009 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 99.1 to Form S-8, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 29, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .25*   2009 Incentive Award Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 99.2 to Form S-8, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 29, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .26   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated June 30, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .27   Placement Agency Agreement between the Registrant and Rodman & Renshaw, LLC, dated June 30, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)

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Exhibit
   
No.
 
Description
 
  10 .28*   2003 Amended and Restated Incentive Award Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .29+   Fourth Amendment, dated July 29, 2009, to Industrial Lease Agreement dated as of January 16, 1997 by and between the Registrant and the Irvine Company.
  10 .30*   Term Sheet for 2009 Incentive Award Plan Stock Option Award. (Filed as Exhibit 10.8 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 13, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .31*   Term Sheet for 2009 Incentive Award Plan, Nonqualified Stock Option Award Awarded to Non-Employee Directors. (Filed as Exhibit 10.9 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 13, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .32*   Term Sheet for 2009 Incentive Award Plan, Restricted Stock Award. (Filed as Exhibit 10.10 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 13, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .33*   Summary of Director Compensation. (Filed as Exhibit 10.11 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 13, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .34   Placement Agency Agreement by and between the Registrant, and Rodman & Renshaw, LLC, dated September 18, 2009 (Filed as Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 23, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .35   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated September 18, 2009 (Filed as Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 23, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .36#+   License Agreement, dated November 6, 2009, by and between the Registrant and Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.
  10 .37#+   License and Collaboration Agreement, dated February 2, 2010, by and between the Registrant and TopoTarget A/S.
  16 .1   Letter from Kelly and Company to the Securities and Exchange Commission, dated December 3, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 16.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 8, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  21 +   Subsidiaries of Registrant.
  23 .1+   Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
  23 .2+   Consent of Kelly & Company, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
  24 .1   Power of Attorney (included in the signature page.)
  31 .1+   Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
  31 .2+   Certification of Vice President Finance, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
  32 .1+   Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b)/15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
  32 .2+   Certification of Vice President Finance, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b)/15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
 
 
* Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
 
# Confidential portions omitted and filed separately with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 24b-2 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
 
+ Filed herewith.

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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Annual Report on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
 
  By: 
/s/  Rajesh C. Shrotriya, M.D.
Rajesh C. Shrotriya, M.D.
Chief Executive Officer and President
 
Date: April 2, 2010
 
POWER OF ATTORNEY
 
Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints each of Rajesh C. Shrotriya and Shyam K. Kumaria as his attorney-in-fact, with full power of substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each attorney-in-fact, or his substitute, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
 
             
Signature
 
Title
 
Date
 
         
/s/  Rajesh C. Shrotriya, M.D.

Rajesh C. Shrotriya, M.D.
  Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
  April 2, 2010
         
/s/  Shyam K. Kumaria

Shyam K. Kumaria
  Vice President Finance
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
  April 2, 2010
         
/s/  Mitchell P. Cybulski

Mitchell P. Cybulski
  Director   April 2, 2010
         
/s/  Richard D. Fulmer

Richard D. Fulmer
  Director   April 2, 2010
         
/s/  Stuart M. Krassner, Sc.D., Psy.D.

Stuart M. Krassner, Sc.D., Psy.D.
  Director   April 2, 2010
         
/s/  Anthony E. Maida, III

Anthony E. Maida, III
  Director   April 2, 2010
         
/s/  Julius A. Vida, Ph.D.

Julius A. Vida, Ph.D.
  Director   April 2, 2010


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Consolidated Financial Statements
 
As of December 31, 2009 and 2008 and
 
For Each of the Three Years in the Period Ended December 31, 2009
 


Table of Contents


Table of Contents

 
Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
The Board of Directors and
Stockholders of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009, and the related consolidated statements of operations, equity and cash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the 2009 consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries at December 31, 2009, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
 
As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting and financial reporting for noncontrolling ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent with the adoption of FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 810, Consolidation, effective January 1, 2009, and retroactively adjusted all periods presented in the consolidated financial statements for this change.
 
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated April 2, 2010 expressed an adverse opinion thereon.
 
/s/  Ernst & Young LLP
 
Orange County, California
April 2, 2010


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Table of Contents

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
 
The Board of Directors and Stockholders Of
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc., as of December 31, 2008 and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, comprehensive loss and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2008. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. as at December 31, 2008 and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2008 in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles.
 
As discussed in Note 2, the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2008 and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, comprehensive loss and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2008 have been restated to record certain common stock warrants originally issued in 2005 as liabilities rather than as equity.
 
Kelly & Company
Costa Mesa, California
March 31, 2009 except for Note 2,
which is as of April 2, 2010


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
                 
    December 31,
    December 31,
 
    2009     2008  
          (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except par value and share data)  
 
ASSETS
Current Assets:
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 82,336     $ 9,860  
Marketable securities
    31,005       66,078  
Accounts receivable, net
    8,658       9,776  
Inventories
    3,230       1,841  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    1,028       693  
                 
Total current assets
    126,257       88,248  
Bank certificates of deposit & treasuries
    11,438       2,148  
Property and equipment, net
    1,928       1,782  
Zevalin related intangible assets, net
    33,325       37,042  
Other assets
    185       289  
                 
Total assets
  $ 173,133     $ 129,509  
                 
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
               
Accounts payable and other accrued obligations
  $ 16,606     $ 10,401  
Accrued compensation
    3,360       2,956  
Note payable in connection with Zevalin acquisition
          7,500  
Current portion of deferred revenue
    8,300       8,500  
Common stock warrant liability
    6,635       765  
Accrued drug development costs
    4,598       3,449  
                 
Total current liabilities
    39,499       33,571  
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion
    69       95  
Deferred revenue and other credits, net of current portion
    24,943       33,929  
Zevalin related contingent obligations
    298       8,798  
                 
Total liabilities
    64,809       76,393  
                 
Commitments and contingencies
               
Equity:
               
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. stockholders’ equity:
               
Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, 5,000,000 shares authorized:
               
Series B Junior participating preferred stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
           
Series E Convertible voting preferred stock, 2,000 shares authorized, stated value $10,000 per share, $0.8 million aggregate liquidation value, issued and outstanding, 68 shares at December 31, 2009 and 2008
    419       419  
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized;
               
Issued and outstanding, 48,926,314 and 32,166,316 shares at December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008
    49       32  
Additional paid-in capital
    369,482       281,059  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (70 )     (146 )
Accumulated deficit
    (261,556 )     (242,510 )
                 
Total stockholders’ equity
    108,324       38,854  
Non-controlling interest
          14,262  
                 
Total equity
    108,324       53,116  
                 
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 173,133     $ 129,509  
                 
 
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Operations
 
                         
    Year Ended December 31,  
    2009     2008     2007  
          (As Restated)     (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and share data)  
 
Revenues:
                       
Product net sales
  $ 28,225     $ 8,049        
License and contract revenue
    9,800       20,676     $ 7,672  
                         
Total revenues
  $ 38,025     $ 28,725     $ 7,672  
                         
Operating expenses:
                       
Cost of product sales (excludes amortization of purchased intangibles shown below)
    8,148       1,193        
Selling, general and administrative
    33,607       15,156       11,577  
Research and development
    21,058       26,683       33,285  
Amortization of purchased intangibles
    3,720       158        
Acquired in-process research and development
          4,700        
                         
Total operating expenses
    66,533       47,890       44,862  
                         
Loss from operations
    (28,508 )     (19,165 )     (37,190 )
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
    8,075       1,271       12,055  
Other income, net
    662       1,165       3,139  
                         
Pre-tax net loss
    (19,771 )     (16,729 )     (21,996 )
Income tax expense
    (421 )     (5 )     (5 )
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest
    1,146       2,538       20  
                         
Net loss — attributable to Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. stockholders
  $ (19,046 )   $ (14,196 )   $ (21,981 )
                         
Basic and diluted net loss per share — attributable to Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. stockholders
  $ (0.48 )   $ (0.45 )   $ (0.76 )
                         
Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
    39,273,905       31,551,152       29,013,850  
                         
 
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Equity
 
                                                                                 
    Stockholders’ Equity              
                                  Accumulated
                         
                                  Other
          Total
    Non-
       
    Preferred Stock     Common Stock     Additional
    Comprehensive
    Accumulated
    Stockholders
    Controlling
       
    Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     Paid-In Capital     Income (Loss)     Deficit     Equity     Interest     Total  
                                  (As Restated)                          
    (In thousands, except share data)  
 
Balance at December 2006 (restated)
    219     $ 1,281       25,217,793     $ 25     $ 236,408     $ 357     $ (206,332 )     31,739     $ 20     $ 31,759  
Net Loss
                                        (21,981 )     (21,981 )     (20 )     (22,001 )
Unrealized gain on investments
                                  136             136             136  
                                                                                 
Total comprehensive gain (loss), net
                                  136       (21,981 )     (21,845 )     (20 )     (21,865 )
Conversion of Series D Preferred Stock into Common Stock
    (49 )     (233 )     207,957       1       232                                
Issuance of common stock and warrants for cash, net of issuance costs
                5,134,100       5       30,004                   30,009             30,009  
Fair value of common stock issued to Targent, Inc. for milestones
                125,000             520                   520             520  
Share-based compensation expense and common stock issued (net of forfeitures)
                235,313             5,278                   5,278             5,278  
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of warrants
                161,145             519                   519             519  
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of employee stock options
                81,438             120                   120             120  
Issuance of common stock to 401(k) plan
                44,118             211                   211             211  
Fair value of common stock issued to consultant for services
                25,000             163                   163             163  
Fractional share adjustments
                6                                            
Series D Preferred Stock dividend paid with common stock
                1,928                                            
                                                                                 
Balance at December 2007 (restated)
    170     $ 1,048       31,233,798     $ 31     $ 273,455     $ 493     $ (228,313 )   $ 46,713     $     $ 46,713  
Net Loss
                                        (14,196 )     (14,196 )     (2,538 )     (16,734 )
Realized gains on investments
                                  (493 )           (493 )           (493 )
Unrealized loss on investments
                                  (146 )           (146 )           (146 )
                                                                                 
Total comprehensive loss, net
                                  (639 )     (14,196 )     (14,835 )     (2,538 )     (17,373 )
Conversion of Series E Preferred Stock into Common Stock
                                                    16,800       16,800  
Fair value of common stock issued to Targent, Inc. for NDA Approval
    (102 )     (629 )     204,000             629                                
Fair value of common stock issued to NDDO, University of Bradford et al
                125,000             305                   305             305  
Share-based compensation expense and common stock issued (net of forfeitures)
                75,000             74                   74             74  
Issuance of common stock to 401(k) plan
                362,088       1       6,322                   6,324             6,324  
Fractional share adjustments
                166,430             274                   274             274  
                                                                                 
Balance at December 31, 2008 (restated)
    68     $ 419       32,166,316     $ 32     $ 281,059     $ (146 )   $ (242,510 )   $ 38,854     $ 14,262     $ 53,116  
Net Loss
                                        (19,046 )     (19,046 )     (1,146 )     (20,192 )
Realized gains on investments
                                  101             101             101  
Unrealized loss on investments
                                  (25 )           (25 )           (25 )
                                                                                 
Total comprehensive loss, net
                                  76       (19,046 )     (18,970 )     (1,146 )     (20,116 )
Issuance of common stock and warrants for cash, net of issuance costs
                15,187,715       15       81,779                   81,794             81,794  
Contributions by non-controlling interest
                                                    2,067       2,067  
Purchase of non controlling interest
                            (1,798 )                 (1,798 )     (15,183 )     (16,981 )
Issuance of common stock to employees - shelf takedown
                432,200       1       1,166                   1,167             1,167  
Stock Options tender offer
                            (2,520 )                 (2,520 )           (2,520 )
Issuance of common stock to 401(k) plan
                139,795             448                   448             448  
Issuance of common stock for ESPP
                65,715             292                   292             292  
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options
                488,750       1       1,261                   1,262             1,262  
Share-based compensation expense and common stock issued (net of forfeitures)
                207,014             6,860                   6,860             6,860  
Fair value of common stock issued to Targent, Inc. for NDA Approval
                125,000             185                   185             185  
Fair value of common stock issued to Altair Inc. for Renazorb rights
                113,809             750                   750             750  
                                                                                 
Balance at December 31, 2009
    68     $ 419       48,926,314     $ 49     $ 369,482     $ (70 )   $ (261,556 )   $ 108,324     $     $ 108,324  
                                                                                 
 
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
 
                         
    Year Ended December 31,  
    2009     2008     2007  
          (As Restated)     (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share
 
    and share data)  
 
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
                       
Net loss
  $ (19,046 )     (14,196 )   $ (21,981 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
                       
Amortization of deferred revenue
    (9,186 )            
Depreciation and amortization
    4,244       610       255  
Fair value adjustments of common stock warrants
    (8,075 )     (1,271 )     (12,055 )
Acquired in-process research and development
          4,700        
Share-based compensation expense
    7,423       6,537       5,652  
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
    935       379       520  
Non-controlling interest in consolidated entities
    (1,146 )     (2,538 )     (20 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                       
Accounts receivable
    1,118       (4,811 )     959  
Inventories
    (1,389 )     (1,841 )      
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    (354 )     101       (268 )
Accounts payable and other accrued obligations
    7,097       2,387       1,463  
Other assets
    104              
Accrued compensation
    404       1,845       103  
Accrued drug development costs
    1,149                  
Deferred revenue and other credits
    (912 )     93       (43 )
                         
Net cash used in operating activities
    (17,634 )     (8,005 )     (25,415 )
                         
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
                       
Net sales (purchases) of marketable securities
    25,783       (13,056 )     (4,265 )
Investment in Zevalin acquisition
    (30,940 )     (10,202 )      
Purchases of property and equipment
    (673 )     (1,518 )     (346 )
                         
Net cash used in investing activities
    (5,830 )     (24,776 )     (4,611 )
                         
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
                       
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants, net of related offering costs and expenses
    95,810             30,009  
Proceeds from sale of common stock to employees — shelf takedown
    1,167              
Proceeds from sale of common stock to employees — ESPP
    292              
Proceeds from (repurchase) exercise of warrants
    (71 )           519  
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
    1,262             120  
Repurchase of stock options pursuant to tender offer
    (2,520 )            
Proceeds from Allergan, Inc. collaboration
          41,500        
                         
Net cash provided by financing activities
    95,940       41,500       30,648  
                         
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
    72,476       8,719       622  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    9,860       1,141       519  
                         
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 82,336     $ 9,860     $ 1,141  
                         
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
                       
Interest paid
  $ 28     $ 36     $  
                         
Income taxes paid
  $ 45     $ 5     $ 5  
                         
Schedule of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:
                       
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
  $ 935     $ 379     $ 520  
                         
Fair value of restricted stock granted employees and directors
  $ 488     $ 606     $ 1,308  
                         
Fair value of stock issued to match employee 401k contributions
  $ 448     $ 274     $ 179  
                         
Fair value of common stock warrants
  $ 14,016     $     $  
                         
 
The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
 
Restatement of Historical Financial Statements
 
The accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2008, and the consolidated statements of operations, equity, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, have been restated in this report to reclassify warrant contracts based on a reassessment of the applicable accounting and classification, as are more fully discussed in Note 2.
 
1.   Nature of Business
 
We are a commercial stage biopharmaceutical company committed to developing and commercializing innovative therapies with a focus primarily in the areas of hematology-oncology and urology. We have a fully developed commercial infrastructure that markets and sells two drugs in the United States, Zevalin® and Fusilev®. We also have a portfolio of drugs under various stages of development. Our lead developmental drug is apaziquone (EOquin®), which is presently being studied in two large Phase 3 clinical trials for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer under a strategic collaboration with Allergan, Inc. Subsequent to December 31, 2009, we acquired development and commercialization rights for North America and India for belinostat, from TopoTarget A/S to jointly develop. Belinostat is being studied in multiple indications, including a Phase 2 trial for relapsed or refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma (PTCL).
 
2.   Restatement of Financial Statements
 
The Company’s consolidated financial statements contained herein include restatements of previously reported financial statements and related disclosures for fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008 and each of the quarterly condensed consolidated financial statements on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2008 through September 30, 2009 to record common stock warrants as a liability based on a reassessment of the applicable accounting and classification.
 
In connection with warrants issued in registered offerings during 2005 and 2009 (the “Warrants”), the Company had previously recorded the Warrants as equity under its evaluation of applicable guidance contained in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 815 “Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (“ASC 815”) (formerly known as Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock”). In connection with the audit for the fiscal year 2009, the Company, in consultation with Ernst & Young LLP (“Ernst & Young”), the Company’s current independent registered public accounting firm, reassessed the accounting classification of the Warrants payment to ASC 815 based on certain terms of the Warrants. The Warrants provide that in the event the Company is unable to issue registered shares upon exercise, the Warrant holders are entitled, under securities laws, to receive freely tradable shares pursuant to a “cashless exercise” provision. However, based on interpretation of ASC 815, there is a required presumption of net cash settlement as it is not within the control of the Company to provide registered shares, no matter how remote the probability. The Company’s Audit Committee, together with management, in consultation with the Company’s outside legal advisors, determined on March 30, 2010 that, notwithstanding the highly remote theoretical nature of the possibility of net cash settlement, the Warrants should have originally been recorded as liabilities, measured at fair value with changes in the fair values being recognized in the statement of operations.
 
We have not amended our previously filed Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008, or the Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the periods ended September 30, 2005 through September 30, 2009 to reflect the restatements described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and thus the financial statements and related financial statement information contained in those reports should no longer be relied upon. Throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K, all amounts presented from prior periods and prior period comparisons have been revised and labeled as “restated” and reflect the balances and amounts on a restated basis.


F-8


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
The restatements reflect the reclassification of the warrants from equity to a liability in the following amounts, which represents the fair value of the warrants, as of the issuance dates, calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.
 
                             
                    Fair Value
 
    Number of
              of Warrants
 
    Warrants
    Exercise
    Expiration
  at Issuance
 
Issuance Date
  Issued     Price    
of Warrants
  Date  
                    (In thousands)  
 
September 14, 2005
    4,000,000     $ 6.62     September 14, 2011   $ 15,472  
                             
May 27, 2009
    1,956,947     $ 5.11     February 25, 2010   $ 2,881  
                             
June 15, 2009
    857,633     $ 5.83     March 15, 2010   $ 1,847  
                             
June 30, 2009
    1,468,020     $ 7.10     March 30, 2010   $ 4,117  
                             
September 18, 2009
    2,649,007     $ 7.55     June 20, 2010   $ 5,170  
                             
 
The revaluation of the warrants at each subsequent balance sheet date to fair value, results in a change in the carrying value of the liability, which change is recorded as ‘‘Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability” in the consolidated statement of operations. The net effect of these changes for fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for each of the quarterly condensed consolidated financial statements on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2008 through September 30, 2009 are as follows:
 
         
    Income (Loss) Resulting
 
    from Change in Fair
 
    Value of Common
 
Reporting Period
  Stock Warrant Liability  
    (In thousands)  
 
Annual
       
Year ended December 31, 2007
  $ 12,055  
         
Year ended December 31, 2008
  $ 1,271  
         
Interim (unaudited)
       
Quarter ended March 31, 2008
  $ 520  
         
Quarter ended June 30, 2008
  $ 916  
         
Quarter ended September 30, 2008
  $ 45  
         
Quarter ended December 31, 2008
  $ (210 )
         
Quarter ended March 31, 2009
  $ (509 )
         
Quarter ended June 30, 2009
  $ (20,113 )
         
Quarter ended September 30, 2009
  $ (8,863 )
         


F-9


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
The following tables summarize the effects of the restatements on the specific line items presented in the Company’s historical consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 and for the two years ended December 31, 2008:
 
                 
Consolidated Balance Sheet
  December 31, 2008     December 31, 2008  
    (As previously reported)     (As Restated)  
    (In thousands)  
 
Current liabilities:
               
Common stock warrant liability
  $     $ 765  
Total current liabilities
  $ 28,032     $ 33,571  
                 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. stockholders’ equity:
               
Additional paid-in-capital
  $ 296,531     $ 281,059  
Accumulated deficit
  $ (257,217 )   $ (242,510 )
Total stockholders’ equity
  $ 39,619     $ 38,854  
 
                                 
    Year Ended
    Year Ended
    Year Ended
    Year Ended
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations
  December 31, 2008     December 31, 2008     December 31, 2007     December 31, 2007  
    (As Previously
    (As Restated)     (As Previously
    (As Restated)  
    Reported)           Reported)        
 
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
  $     $ 1,271     $     $ 12,055  
Net loss — attributable to Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. stockholders
    (15,467 )     (14,196 )     (34,036 )     (21,981 )
                                 
Per share data — basic and diluted — attributable to Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. stockholders:
                               
Net loss per share — attributable to Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 
  $ (0.49 )   $ (0.45 )   $ (1.17 )   $ (0.76 )
 
The restatements resulted in changes to the opening balances of accumulated defict, additional paid in capital and total shareholders’ equity as of January 1, 2007 as follows:
 
                 
    January 1, 2007     January 1, 2007  
    (As Previously
    (As Restated)  
    Reported)        
    (In Thousands)  
 
Additional paid-in capital
  $ 251,880     $ 27,345  
Accumulated deficit
  $ (207,714 )   $ (228,313 )
Stockholders’ equity
  $ 45,829     $ 46,713  
 
The restatements had no impact on the financial statement amounts previously reported for the Company’s assets, revenues and operating costs and expenses and cash flows from operations other than the change in net income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, or for the first nine months ended September 30, 2009, or any quarterly periods in the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
 
3.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
 
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Spectrum or the Company), our wholly-owned subsidiaries, and joint ventures the Company controls, or of which it is the primary beneficiary. We evaluate the need to consolidate joint ventures based on ASC No. 810-10-15, Consolidation, Variable Interest Entities. Investments by outside parties in our consolidated entities are recorded as non-


F-10


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
controlling interest in consolidated entities in our consolidated financial statements, and stated net after allocation of income and losses in the entity.
 
As of December 31, 2009, we had three consolidated subsidiaries: OncoRx Pharma Private Limited (“OncoRx”), 100% owned, organized in Mumbai, India in 2008; Spectrum Pharmaceuticals GmbH, wholly-owned inactive subsidiary, incorporated in Switzerland in April 1997; RIT Oncology, LLC (“RIT”), 100% owned since March 15, 2009, organized in Delaware in October 2008; and one consolidated joint venture, Spectrum Pharma Canada, organized in Quebec, Canada in January 2008. We have eliminated all significant intercompany accounts and transactions from the consolidated financial statements.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent obligations in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The estimation process requires assumptions to be made by management about future events and conditions, and as such, is inherently subjective and uncertain. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
 
Subsequent Events
 
In connection with the preparation of the consolidated financial statements, we have evaluated subsequent events through the filing date of this Form 10-K.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Marketable Securities and Fair Value of Financial Instruments
 
Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities primarily consist of bank checking deposits, short-term treasury securities, institutional money market funds, corporate debt and equity, municipal obligations, government agency notes, and certificates of deposit. We classify highly liquid short-term investments, with insignificant interest rate risk and maturities of 90 days or less at the time of acquisition, as cash and cash equivalents. Other investments, which do not meet the above definition of cash equivalents, are classified as either “held-to-maturity” or “available-for-sale” marketable securities. Investments that lack immediate liquidity, or which we intend to hold for more than one year are classified as long-term investments, and included in other assets. All of our “available for sale securities” are classified as current assets based on our intent and ability to use any and all of these securities as necessary to satisfy our cash needs as they arise, by redeeming them at par with short notice and without penalty.
 
We have classified $11.4 million of our investments with maturity dates over 1 year from December 31, 2009 as long term based on held to maturity.
 
The Company measures fair value based on the prices that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. These tiers include:
 
Level 1:  Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.
 
Level 2:  Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but corroborated by market data.
 
Level 3:  Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available. The fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.


F-11


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
In determining fair value, we utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible, as well as consider counterparty credit risk in the assessment of fair value.
 
The carrying values of our cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, other securities and common stock warrants, carried at fair value as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, are classified in the table below in one of the three categories described above:
 
                                 
    Fair Value Measurements at December 31,
 
    2009 and 2008
 
    (In ‘000’s)  
    Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total  
 
2009
                               
Assets:
                               
Cash & Equivalents
  $ 82,336                 $ 82,336  
U.S. Treasury T-Bills
    3,501                   3,501  
Money Market Currency Funds
    4,800                   4,800  
FDIC insured Bank CDs
    20,948                   20,948  
Medium Term Corporate Notes
    153                   153  
U.S. Treasury Backed Securities
    13,041                   13,041  
Other Securities (included in other assets)
    35                   35  
                                 
Total assets
  $ 124,814                 $ 124,814  
                                 
Liabilities:
                               
Common stock warrant liability
              $ 6,635     $ 6,635  
                                 
2008
                               
Assets:
                               
Cash & Equivalents
  $ 9,860                 $ 9,860  
U.S. Treasury T-Bills
    12,217                   12,217  
Money Market Currency Funds
    128                   128  
FDIC insured Bank CDs
    10,509                   10,509  
Medium Term Corporate Notes
    1,912                   1,912  
U.S. Treasury Backed Securities
    43,650                   43,650  
Other Securities (included in other assets)
    47                   47  
                                 
Total assets
  $ 78,323                 $ 78,323  
                                 
Liabilities:
                               
Common stock warrant liability
              $ 765     $ 765  
                                 
 
The following summarizes the activity of Level 3 inputs measured on a recurring basis for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008:
 
         
    Fair Value Measurements of
 
    Common Stock Warrants
 
    Using Significant
 
    Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
    ($ in 000’s)  
 
Balance at January 1, 2008
  $ 2,036  
         
Transfers in / (out) of Level 3
     
Issuance of common stock warrants
     
Repurchase of Forfeitures
     
Expirations
     


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
         
    Fair Value Measurements of
 
    Common Stock Warrants
 
    Using Significant
 
    Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
    ($ in 000’s)  
 
Settlements associated with exercises
     
Adjustments resulting from change in value of warrants recognized in earnings
    (1,271 )
         
Balance at December 31, 2008
    765  
         
Transfers in / (out) of Level 3
     
Issuance of common stock warrants
    14,016  
Repurchases or forfeitures
    (394 )
Gain on repurchase recognized in earnings
    323  
Expirations
     
Settlements associated with exercises
     
Adjustments resulting from change in value of warrants recognized in earnings
    (8,075 )
         
Balance at December 31, 2009
  $ 6,635  
         
 
The fair value of common stock warrants are measured on their respective origination dates and at the end of each reporting period using Level 3 inputs in accordance with the accounting guidance. The significant assumptions used in the calculations under the Black-Scholes pricing model as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, included an expected term based on the remaining contractual life of the warrants, a risk-free interest rate based upon observed interest rates appropriate for the expected term of the instruments, volatility based on the historical volatility of the Company’s common stock, and a zero dividend rate based on the Company’s past, current and expected practices of granting dividends on common stock.
 
As of December 31, 2009, substantially all of our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities were held at major financial institutions, which are required to invest our funds in accordance with our investment policy with the principal objectives of such policy being preservation of capital, fulfillment of liquidity needs and above market returns commensurate with preservation of capital. Our investment policy also requires that investments in marketable securities be in only highly rated instruments, which are primarily US treasury bills or US treasury backed securities, with limitations on investing in securities of any single issuer. To a limited degree, these investments are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and by third party insurance. However, these investments are not insured against the possibility of a complete loss of earnings or principal and are inherently subject to the credit risk related to the continued credit worthiness of the underlying issuer and general credit market risks. We manage such risks on our portfolio by matching scheduled investment maturities with our cash requirements and investing in highly rated instruments.
 
The Company did not elect the fair value option, as allowed to account for its financial assets and liabilities that were not previously carried at fair value. Therefore, material financial assets and liabilities that are not carried at fair value, such as trade accounts receivable and payable, are still reported at their historical carrying values.
 
Concentration of credit risk
 
We are subject to concentration of credit risk primarily from our cash investments. Under our investment guidelines, credit risk is managed by diversification of the investment portfolio and by the purchase of investment-grade securities.
 
Our product sales are concentrated in a limited number of customers. For the year ended December 31, 2009, approximately 44% of our product sales of Fusilev were derived from specialty distributors of oncology products as

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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
compared to 100% for the year ended 2008. For Zevalin, we recorded 21% of revenues from radiopharmacies as compared to 0% for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively; and the balance from end user customers. For Zevalin, no single end user customer constituted revenues over 10% individually. Due to changes in market dynamics, these ratios are not indicative of future concentrations. As of December 31, 2009, no single specialty distributor owed us more than 10% of the total net accounts receivables. Three specialty distributors owed us 100% at the end of 2008. No single end user customer owed us more than 10% of net receivables as of December 31, 2009 or 2008. We maintain reserves for potential credit losses and such losses, in the aggregate, have not exceeded our estimates. We do not require collateral or other security to support credit sales, but provide an allowance for bad debts when warranted.
 
Currently we have single source suppliers for raw materials, and the manufacturing of finished product of Zevalin and Fusilev. A disruption in supply could materially affect our sales.
 
Similarly, we have single source suppliers for raw materials, and manufactured finished product for our development drug candidates. If we are unable to obtain sufficient quantities of such product, our research and development activities may be adversely affected.
 
Inventories
 
Inventory is valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market. The lower of cost or market is determined based on net estimated realizable value after appropriate consideration is given to obsolescence, excessive levels, deterioration, and other factors.
 
Property and Equipment
 
Property and equipment is stated at cost. Equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life (generally 5 to 7 years). Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the estimated useful life or lease term. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Major renewals and improvements that extend the life of the property are capitalized.
 
All long-lived assets, including property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. If impairment is indicated, we reduce the carrying value of the asset to fair value. Fair value would be determined by the use of appraisals, discounted cash flow analyses or comparable fair values of similar assets.
 
Patents and Licenses
 
We expense all licensing and patent application costs as they are incurred.
 
Intangible Assets
 
As described in note 4 below, we acquired 50% of the rights in RIT in December 2008 and the remaining 50% in March 2009.
 
The purchase price for the acquisition of Zevalin rights was allocated to identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. Such a valuation requires significant estimates and assumptions including but not limited to: determining the timing and expected costs to complete the in-process projects, projecting regulatory approvals, estimating future cash flows from product sales resulting from in-process projects, and developing appropriate discount rates and probability rates by project. We believe the fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on reasonable assumptions.
 
Identifiable intangible assets with definite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 1 to 10 years.


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
We evaluate the recoverability of intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an intangible asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable. Such circumstances could include, but are not limited to the following:
 
i a significant decrease in the market value of an asset;
 
ii a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used; or
 
iii an accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition of an asset.
 
We measure the carrying amount of the asset against the estimated undiscounted future cash flows associated with it. Should the sum of the expected future net cash flows be less than the carrying value of the asset being evaluated, an impairment loss would be recognized. The impairment loss would be calculated as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value. No impairment loss was recorded during the years 2009, 2008 or 2007.
 
Segment and Geographic Information
 
We operate in one business segment, that is to acquire, develop and commercialize prescription drug products. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements are reported in the aggregate, including all our activities in one segment. Our foreign operations were not significant for any of the years presented herein.
 
Revenue Recognition
 
Revenue from product sales is recognized upon shipment of product when title and risk of loss have transferred to the customer. We sell our products to wholesalers and distributors of oncology products and directly to the end user, directly or through GPOs (e.g., certain hospitals or hospital systems and clinics with whom we have entered into a direct purchase agreement). Our wholesalers and distributors purchase our products and sell the products directly to end users, which include, but are not limited to, hospitals, clinics, medical facilities, managed care facilities and private oncology based practices etc. Revenue from product sales is recognized upon shipment of product when title and risk of loss have transferred to the customer, and the following additional criteria specified by ASC No. 605-15, “Revenue Recognition: Products”, are met:
 
(i) the price is substantially fixed and determinable;
 
(ii) our customer has economic substance apart from that provided by us;
 
(iii) our customer’s obligation to pay us is not contingent on resale of the product;
 
(iv) we do not have significant obligations for future performance to directly bring about the resale of our product; and
 
(v) we have a reasonable basis to estimate future returns.
 
We also follow the provisions as set forth by current accounting rules, which primarily include ASC No. 605-15, “Revenue Recognition: Products,” and ASC No. 605-25, “Revenue Recognition: Multiple-Element Arrangements.”
 
Generally, revenue is recognized when all four of the following criteria are met:
 
(i) persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists;
 
(ii) delivery of the products has occurred, or services have been rendered;
 
(iii) the selling price is both fixed and determinable; and
 
(iv) collectibility is reasonably assured.


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
Provision for estimated product returns, sales discounts, rebates and chargebacks are established as a reduction of gross product sales at the time such revenues are recognized. Thus, revenue is recorded, net of such estimated provisions.
 
Consistent with industry practice, our product return policy permits our customers to return products within 30 days after shipment, if incorrectly shipped or not ordered, and within a window of time 6 months before and 12 months after the expiration of product dating, subject to certain restocking fees and preauthorization requirements, as applicable. The returned product is destroyed if it is damaged, it’s quality is compromised or it is past its expiration date. Based on our returns policy, we refund the sales price to the customer as a credit and record the credit against receivables. In general, returned product is not resold. We generally reserve the right to decline granting a return and to decide on product destruction. As of each balance sheet date, we estimate potential returns, based on several factors, including: inventory held by distributors, sell through data of distributor sales to end users, customer and end-user ordering and re-ordering patterns, aging of accounts receivables, rates of returns for directly substitutable products and other pharmaceutical products for the treatment of therapeutic areas similar to indications served by our products, shelf life of our products and the extensive experience of our management with selling the same and similar oncology products. We record an allowance for future returns by reducing gross revenues and increasing the allowance for returns. If allowances exceed the related accounts receivables, we reclassify such allowances to accrued obligations. Historical allowances for product returns have been within estimated amounts reserved or accrued.
 
We record Medicaid and Medicare rebates based on estimates for such expense. However, such amounts have not been material to the financial statements.
 
We also state the related accounts receivable at net realizable value, with any allowance for doubtful accounts charged to general operating expenses. If revenue from sales is not reasonably determinable due to provisions for estimates, promotional adjustments, price adjustments, returns or any other potential adjustments, we defer the revenue and recognize revenue when the estimates are reasonably determinable, even if the monies for the gross sales have been received.
 
Up-front fees representing non-refundable payments received upon the execution of licensing or other agreements are recognized as revenue upon execution of the agreements where we have no significant future performance obligations and collectibility of the fees is reasonably assured. Milestone payments, which are generally based on developmental or regulatory events, are recognized as revenue when the milestones are achieved, collectibility is reasonably assured, and we have no significant future performance obligations in connection with the milestone. In those instances where we have collected fees or milestone payments but have significant future performance obligations related to the development of the drug product, we record deferred revenue and recognize it over the period of our future obligations.
 
Research and Development
 
Research and development expenses include salaries and benefits, clinical trial and related manufacturing costs, contract and other outside service fees, and facilities and overhead costs related to our research and development efforts. Research and development expenses also consist of costs incurred for proprietary and collaborative research and development and include activities such as product registries and investigator-sponsored trials. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. In certain instances, we enter into agreements with third parties for research and development activities, where we may prepay fees for services at the initiation of the contract. In accordance with ASC No. 730-20, “Research and Development: Research & Development Arrangements,” we record such prepayment as a prepaid asset and charge research and development expense over the period of time the contracted research and development services are performed. Other types of arrangements with third parties may be fixed fee or fee for service, and may include monthly payments or payments upon the completion of milestones or receipt of deliverables.


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
As of each balance sheet date, we review purchase commitments and accrue drug development expenses based on factors such as estimates of work performed, patient enrollment, completion of patient studies and other events. Accrued clinical study costs are subject to revisions as trials progress to completion. Revisions are recorded in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known.
 
Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share
 
We calculate basic and diluted net loss per share using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented, and adjust the amount of net loss, used in this calculation, for preferred stock dividends declared during the period.
 
We incurred net losses in each of the periods presented, and as such, did not include the effect of potentially dilutive common stock equivalents in the diluted net loss per share calculation, as their effect would be anti-dilutive for all periods. Potentially dilutive common stock equivalents would include the common stock issuable upon conversion of preferred stock and the exercise of warrants and stock options that have conversion or exercise prices below the market value of our common stock at the measurement date.
 
The following shows the amounts used in computing basic loss per share for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009.
 
                         
    Year Ended December 31,  
    2009     2008     2007  
          (As Restated)     (As Restated)  
    (Amounts in thousands except share
 
    and per share data)  
 
Net loss — attributable to Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. stockholders
  $ (19,046 )   $ (14,196 )   $ (21,981 )
Less:
                       
Preferred dividends paid in cash or stock
                 
                         
Loss attributable to Spectrum stockholders
  $ (19,046 )   $ (14,196 )   $ (21,981 )
                         
Weighted average shares issued and outstanding
    48,425,486       31,551,152       29,013,850  
                         
Basic and diluted net loss per share
  $ (0.39 )   $ (0.45 )   $ (0.76 )
                         
 
The following table sets forth the number of shares excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share, as to do so would have been anti-dilutive:
 
                         
    Year Ended  
    2009     2008     2007  
 
Series E Preferred Shares
    136,000       136,000       340,000  
Stock Options
    4,451,733       5,097,835       4,185,273  
Warrants
    8,379,912       5,444,555       9,572,051  
                         
      12,967,645       10,678,390       14,097,324  
 
Accounting for Employee Share-Based Compensation
 
We measure compensation cost for all share-based awards at fair value on the date of grant and recognize compensation expense in our consolidated statements of operations over the service period that the awards are expected to vest. We have elected to recognize compensation expense for all options with graded vesting on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the entire option.
 
The fair value of share-based compensation is estimated based on the closing market price of our common stock on the day prior to the award grants for stock awards, and the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model for stock


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
options and warrants. We estimate volatility based on historical volatility of our common stock, and estimate the expected length of options based on several criteria, including the vesting period of the grant and the term of the award.
 
We recorded share-based employee compensation during each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009 as follows:
 
                         
    2009     2008     2007  
    ($ in ‘000’s)  
 
Research and development
  $ 3,192     $ 3,925     $ 3,555  
Selling, general and administrative
    4,231       2,612       2,097  
                         
Total employee pre-tax share-based compensation
  $ 7,423     $ 6,537     $ 5,652  
                         
 
Warrant accounting
 
We account for common stock warrants pursuant to the applicable guidance on accounting for derivative financial instruments indexed to, and potentially settled in, a company’s own stock, on the understanding that in compliance with applicable securities laws, registered warrants require the issuance of registered securities upon exercise and do not sufficiently preclude an implied right to net cash settlement. We classify registered warrants on the consolidated balance sheet as a current liability, which is revalued at each balance sheet date subsequent to the initial issuance. Determining the appropriate fair-value model and calculating the fair value of registered warrants requires considerable judgment, including estimating stock price volatility and expected warrant life. We develop our estimates based on historical data. A small change in the estimates used may have a relatively large change in the estimated valuation. We use the Black-Scholes pricing model to value the registered warrants. Changes in the fair market value of the warrants are reflected in the consolidated statement of operations as “Change in the fair value of common stock warrant liability.”
 
Income Taxes
 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on the deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company has determined that the net deferred tax asset does not meet the “more likely than not” to be realized criteria and, accordingly, a valuation allowance has been recorded to reduce the net deferred tax asset to zero.
 
Comprehensive Income (loss)
 
Comprehensive loss is calculated in accordance with ASC No. 220, “Comprehensive Income,” which requires the disclosure of all components of comprehensive income, including net income and changes in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances generated from non-owner sources. Our accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively consisted primarily of net unrealized gains/losses on investments in marketable securities as of that date.
 
Reclassification of Accounts
 
Certain reclassifications of prior-year comparative financial statements have been made to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported consolidated results of operations or financial position.


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
New Accounting Pronouncements
 
In June 2009, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that establishes the FASB Accounting Standards CodificationTM as the single source of authoritative U.S. GAAP to be applied by nongovernmental entities and modifies the U.S. GAAP hierarchy to only two levels: authoritative and nonauthoritative. This guidance became effective for interim periods and fiscal years ending after September 15, 2009. The Company adopted the provisions of the guidance in the third quarter of 2009. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In May 2009, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. This guidance became effective for interim periods and fiscal years ending after June 15, 2009. The Company adopted the provisions of the guidance in the second quarter of 2009. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In April 2009, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that requires publicly traded companies to include in their interim financial reports certain disclosures about the carrying value and fair value of financial instruments previously required only in annual financial statements and to disclose changes in significant assumptions used to calculate the fair value of financial instruments. This guidance became effective for interim reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009, with early adoption permitted for interim reporting periods ending after March 15, 2009. The Company adopted the provisions of the guidance in the first quarter of 2009. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In November 2008, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that clarifies how to account for acquired intangible assets subsequent to initial measurement in situations in which an entity does not intend to actively use the assets but intends to hold the asset to prevent others from obtaining access to the asset (a defensive intangible asset), except for intangible assets that are used in research and development activities. This guidance requires that a defensive intangible asset be accounted for as a separate unit of accounting and assigned a useful life that reflects the entity’s consumption of the expected benefits related to that asset. This guidance became effective for intangible assets acquired on or after December 15, 2008. The Company adopted the provisions of the guidance in the first quarter of 2009. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In June 2008, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that requires companies to determine if an instrument (or embedded feature) is indexed to an entity’s own stock and provides guidance in evaluating whether certain financial instruments or embedded features can be excluded from the scope of the guidance for accounting for derivatives and hedging activities. The guidance sets forth a two-step approach that evaluates an instrument’s contingent exercise and settlement provisions for the purpose of determining whether such instruments are indexed to an issuer’s own stock (a requirement necessary to comply with the scope exception under the guidance for accounting for derivatives). The Company adopted the guidance in the first quarter of 2009. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In April 2008, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that amends the guidance for estimating the useful lives of recognized intangible assets and requires additional disclosure related to renewing or extending the useful lives of recognized intangible assets. This guidance became effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company adopted the provisions of the guidance in the first quarter of 2009. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that significantly changes the accounting and reporting requirements for business combination transactions, including capitalization of in-process research and development assets and expensing acquisition costs as incurred. This guidance became effective for business combination transactions occurring in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company adopted the provisions of the guidance in the first quarter of 2009. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


F-19


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that changes the accounting and financial reporting of noncontrolling ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent, and the allocation of net income attributable to the parent and the noncontrolling interest. This guidance also establishes disclosure requirements to separately identify the interests of the parent and the interests of the noncontrolling owners. This guidance became effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company adopted the provisions of the guidance in the first quarter of 2009. The adoption changed the presentation format of the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and equity and consolidated balance sheets, but did not have an impact on net earnings or equity attributable to the Company’s stockholders.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that defines collaborative arrangements and requires that transactions with third parties that do not participate in the arrangement be reported in the appropriate income statement line items pursuant to existing authoritative accounting literature. Income statement classification of payments made between participants of a collaborative arrangement are to be based on other applicable authoritative accounting literature. If the payments are not within the scope or analogy of other authoritative accounting literature, a reasonable, rational and consistent accounting policy is to be elected. This guidance became effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and was applied as a change in accounting principle to all prior periods retrospectively for all collaborative arrangements existing as of the effective date. The Company adopted the provisions of the guidance in the first quarter of 2009. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
 
In January 2010, the FASB issued new accounting guidance related to the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements and provides clarification for existing disclosures requirements. More specifically, this update will require (a) an entity to disclose separately the amounts of significant transfers in and out of Levels 1 and 2 fair value measurements and to describe the reasons for the transfers; and (b) information about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements to be presented separately (i.e. present the activity on a gross basis rather than net) in the reconciliation for fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 inputs). This guidance clarifies existing disclosure requirements for the level of disaggregation used for classes of assets and liabilities measured at fair value and requires disclosures about the valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value for both recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements using Level 2 and Level 3 inputs. The new disclosures and clarifications of existing disclosure are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the disclosure requirements for related to the purchases, sales, issuances and settlements in the rollforward activity of Level 3 fair value measurements. Those disclosure requirements are effective for fiscal years ending after December 31, 2010. The Company has not yet evaluated the potential impact of adopting this guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In October 2009, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that requires an entity to allocate arrangement consideration at the inception of an arrangement to all of its deliverables based on their relative selling prices, eliminates the use of the residual method of allocation, and requires the relative-selling-price method in all circumstances in which an entity recognizes revenue of an arrangement with multiple deliverables. This guidance will be effective for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010, which will be the Company’s fiscal year 2011, with earlier application permitted. The Company has not yet evaluated the potential impact of adopting this guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In June 2009, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that requires an enterprise to perform an analysis to determine whether the enterprise’s variable interest or interests give it a controlling financial interest in a variable interest entity. This analysis identifies the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity as the enterprise that has both the power to direct the activities of a variable interest entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the entity that could


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
potentially be significant to the variable interest entity. This guidance also requires ongoing reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity and eliminates the quantitative approach previously required for determining the primary beneficiary. This guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2009, which will be the Company’s fiscal year 2010. The Company does not expect that the adoption of the guidance will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
4.   Commercial and Development Drug Products
 
We currently market two products in the United States, Zevalin and Fusilev. In addition, we have several products in clinical development, primarily including apaziquone (EOquin) which has completed patient enrollment for two Phase 3 clinical trials for bladder cancer and has one multiple instillation study under development and belinostat, a drug we recently partnered with TopoTarget A/S to jointly develop. Belinostat is being studied under a Special Protocol Assessment (SPA), in a Phase 2 trial for relapsed or refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma (PTCL). The following is a brief description of our key products as of December 31, 2009.
 
Zevalin:  Zevalin is a prescribed form of cancer therapy called radioimmunotherapy. Radioimmunotherapy combines a source of radiation, called a radioisotope, with an antibody.
 
During the year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, we recorded net revenues of $15.7 million and $0.3 million, respectively from sales of Zevalin.
 
In December 2008, we partnered with Cell Therapeutics, Inc. (CTI) to form a 50-50 owned joint venture, RIT Oncology, LLC (RIT) to commercialize and develop Zevalin, a CD20-directed radiotherapeutic antibody, in the United States. We paid $15 million for our 50% interest in RIT. Pursuant to provisions of the 2008 joint-venture agreement, in March 2009, we acquired the remaining 50% ownership of RIT for $16.5 million, resulting in RIT becoming our wholly-owned subsidiary. In April 2009, we disputed payment of an installment of $3.5 million of the $16.5 million, on the grounds that CTI’s unpaid liabilities pertaining to Zevalin, and CTI’s share of joint venture expenses equaled or exceeded the installment amount. In May 2009, we received an arbitration award of approximately $4.3 million. The entire $3.5 million was released to us and CTI additionally paid us approximately $0.8 million. The award was final, binding and non-appealable by either party.
 
The assets contributed by CTI to RIT were all of its interests in the Zevalin business, which included the following: (i) assets acquired in the December 2007 agreement with Biogen, which included the U.S. development, sales and marketing rights to Zevalin. The assets acquired included the Zevalin FDA registration, FDA dossier, U.S. trademark, trade name and trade dress, customer list, certain patents and the assignment of numerous contracts. There was no continuity of physical facilities or personnel from the December 2007 transaction; (ii) assets acquired in the June 2008 Access Agreement with Bayer Schering Pharma AG, which holds the rights to Zevalin outside of the United States. Under the agreement, Bayer gave CTI access to data from Bayer’s phase 3 first-line indolent trial (FIT Trial), of Zevalin; and (iii) CTI’s September 30, 2008 submission of the Zevalin sBLA for use in first-line consolidation therapy for patients with B-cell follicular NHL. The joint venture also assumed obligations of $2.2 million in current liabilities and certain contingent obligations.


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
The allocation of the initial capitalization of the joint venture, detailed below, was based on the relative fair values of the intangible assets acquired, as determined by an independent valuation consultant, and the obligations assumed by the joint venture.
 
                 
Developed technology
          $ 23,100  
Core technology
            14,100  
Acquired in-process research and development
            4,700  
Assumed obligation to pay Biogen
            (2,200 )
Acquisition transaction costs
            (902 )
Fair value of assumed contingent obligations
  $ 12,500          
Less: Limitation based on excess of values of intangibles acquired over initial capitalization
    (1,898 )        
                 
Maximum amount available
  $ 10,602          
Contingent obligations, restricted out of $10,602 as recorded
            (8,798 )
                 
Total initial capitalization of joint venture
          $ 30,000  
                 
 
The total fair value of developed and core assets equals $37.2 million. The developed technology asset relates to intellectual property and rights thereon related to Zevalin as approved by the FDA for relapsed or refractory, low-grade or follicular B-cell NHL. The core technology asset represents the value of the intellectual property and rights therein expected to be leveraged in the development of label expansions for Zevalin. Developed and core technologies are amortized over the term of the patents related to such technologies. Identifiable intangible assets with definite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The developed and core technology assets will be amortized over 10 years, or approximately $3.7 million annually through 2018. In addition, during 2008 an amount of $4.7 million of IPR&D for a medical indication still awaiting approval by the FDA was recorded to operating expenses. Such amount was completely written off during the year ended December 31, 2008. Amortization expense expected to be recorded over the next five years is approximately $18.5 million. In process research and development (IPR&D) for RIT was evaluated utilizing the present value of the estimated after- tax cash flows expected to be generated by purchased undeveloped technology related to the Zevalin business or label expansions for indications that have not been approved by the FDA. Since, at the effective time of the transaction establishing RIT, the IPR&D had not reached technological feasibility, such amount was charged to operations for the year ended December 31, 2008 as of the formation date of RIT. The March 2009 50% acquisition of the non-controlling interest in RIT included a premium of $1.8 million, including certain acquisition related costs, was charged to additional paid in capital in accordance with ASC 810, “Consolidation.”
 
The RIT transaction involved contingent consideration, therefore we recognized $8.8 million as a Zevalin related contingent obligation on the balance sheet, which is equal to the excess of the fair value of the intangible assets over the initial capitalization, and is less than the approximately $12.5 million fair value of the contingent consideration, as determined by the independent valuation consultant. Certain contingencies were resolved during 2009 and $8.5 million of the contingent consideration payable was charged to the recorded amount, which reduced contingent liabilities to approximately $0.3 million at December 31, 2009.
 
In December 2008, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had accepted for filing and review, and granted priority review status for a supplemental Biologics License Application (sBLA) for the use of Zevalin as part of a first-line therapy for patients with previously untreated follicular non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). The sBLA application was approved by the FDA on September 3, 2009, which now allows the use of Zevalin for a substantially larger patient population. Zevalin is now FDA approved and marketed by Spectrum for treatment of patients with previously untreated follicular NHL who achieve a partial or complete response to chemotherapy and with relapsed or refractory, low-grade or follicular B-cell NHL, including patients who have rituximab-refractory follicular NHL. In connection with the FDA approval, we became obligated to pay $8.5 million in milestone


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
payments. Such amount was included in accrued liabilities as of September 30, 2009 and paid in October 2009. In November 2009, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) finalized a policy to allow reimbursement for Zevalin®, in the Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System, based on the Average Sales Price (ASP) methodology applicable to other injectable drugs and biologicals. This reimbursement methodology will go into effect on January 1, 2010.
 
Fusilev for Injection:  Fusilev is the only commercially available drug containing only the pure active L-isomer of racemic (L and R forms) leucovorin. Fusilev is currently indicated after high-dose methotrexate therapy in patients with osteosarcoma, and to diminish the toxicity and counteract the effects of impaired methotrexate elimination or inadvertent overdose of folic acid antagonists.
 
We commercially launched Fusilev in August 2008 and recorded net revenues of approximately $12.5 million and $7.7 million from Fusilev sales for the year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 respectively.
 
In April 2006, we acquired all of the oncology drug assets of Targent, Inc. The principal asset in the transaction was a license agreement to market Fusilev in the field of oncology in North America. We paid an up-front fee in common stock, with a fair market value of approximately $2.7 million, and are contingently obligated to pay additional amounts based upon achievement of milestones. At our option, cash payments for milestones specified in the agreement may be paid in shares of the Company’s common stock having a value determined as provided in the asset purchase agreement, equal to the cash payment amount. In 2009, 2008 and 2007, we recorded stock-based research and development charges of $185,000, $305,000 and $520,000, respectively, which represents the fair market value of 125,000 shares of our common stock issued at each of October 2007 and March 2008 as milestone payments to Targent, LLC.
 
Apaziquone (EOquin®):  Apaziquone, a synthetic drug which is activated by certain enzymes present in higher amounts in cancer cells than in normal tissues, is currently being developed for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
 
In October 2008, we signed an exclusive development and commercialization collaboration agreement with Allergan for apaziquone. Under the terms of the agreement, Allergan paid us an up-front non-refundable $41.5 million at closing and will make additional payments of up to $304 million based on the achievement of certain development, regulatory and commercialization milestones. We retained exclusive rights to apaziquone in Asia, including Japan and China. Allergan received exclusive rights to apaziquone for the treatment of bladder cancer in the rest of the world, including the United States, Canada and Europe.
 
In the United States, Allergan and we will co-promote apaziquone and share equally in its profits and expenses. Allergan will also pay us royalties on all of its apaziquone sales outside of the United States. Under the terms of the agreement, we will continue to conduct the development program, including the manufacture of clinical supplies and the conduct of the current and future phase 3 clinical trials, and will be jointly responsible for obtaining regulatory approval for the product. Both parties share development expenses with Allergan bearing 65% of the cost. Pursuant to our revenue recognition policy, we expect that we will recognize the up front payment of $41.5 million over the period of the development work, estimated at 4 to 5 years. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we have classified $8.3 million of such amount recorded on the consolidated balance sheet as current portion of deferred revenue.
 
In December 2009, we completed enrollment of our two Phase 3 pivotal clinical trials enrolling more than 1,600 patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. As per the collaboration agreement with Allergan, Spectrum recorded a $1.5 million milestone payment from Allergan. Such amount was received in January 2010.
 
We also have the right, in our sole discretion, to opt-out of the co-promotion agreement before January 1, 2012. If we do so, our share of any future development costs shall be significantly reduced. Part of the aggregate development costs and marketing expenses incurred by us since January 1, 2009 shall be reimbursed by Allergan in the form of a one-time payment. The co-promotion agreement will terminate and instead of a sharing of profit and


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
expenses, Allergan will pay us royalties on a percentage of net sales of the apaziquone in the United States that are slightly greater than the royalties paid on net sales outside the United States. In addition, Allergan will pay us up to $245 million in additional milestones based upon the achievement of certain sales milestones in the United States.
 
In October 2008, we terminated our 2001 license agreement for apaziquone with INC Research®, formerly NDDO Research Foundation (INC) in the Netherlands, as the patents underlying the agreement were all about to expire. Pursuant to the termination, INC assigned to us all rights it had in the know-how or intellectual property licensed under the agreement and all rights in may have had in any know-how or intellectual property created during the term of the agreement. In exchange we paid INC a nominal amount of cash and issued them a nominal number of shares of our common stock. In addition, INC is entitled to up to 25,000 additional shares of our common stock and an additional payment of $300,000 upon achievement of certain regulatory milestones.
 
In November 2009, we entered into a collaboration agreement with Nippon Kayaku Co., LTD. for the development and commercialization of apaziquone in Asia, except North and South Korea (Nippon Kayaku Territory). In exchange, Nippon Kayaku is required to pay Spectrum an up-front payment of $15.0 million, which was received in January 2010, and agreed to make additional payments of up to $136.0 million based on the achievement of certain regulatory and commercialization milestones. Nippon Kayaku received exclusive rights to apaziquone for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer in Asia, including Japan and China. Under the terms of the Nippon Kayaku collaboration agreement, Nippon Kayaku will conduct the apaziquone clinical trials pursuant to a development plan. In addition, Nippon Kayaku will be responsible for all expenses relating to the development and commercialization of apaziquone in the Nippon Kayaku Territory.
 
Also in November 2009, we entered into collaboration agreement with Handok Pharmaceuticals of Korea for the development and commercialization of apaziquone for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer in North and South Korea. Under the terms of the Handok collaboration agreement, Handok is required to pay us an up-front payment of $1.0 million, which was received in January 2010, and potential milestone payments totaling approximately $19 million. The potential milestones will be based on the achievement of certain regulatory and commercialization milestones. Additionally, Handok will conduct the apaziquone clinical trials pursuant to a development plan and will be responsible for all expenses relating to the development and commercialization of apaziquone in North and South Korea.
 
RenaZorb®:  RenaZorb, a second-generation lanthanum-based nanoparticle phosphate binding agent, has the potential to treat hyperphosphatemia, (high phosphate levels in blood), in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (end-stage renal disease). Hyperphosphatemia affects patients with chronic kidney disease, especially end-stage kidney disease patients on dialysis. It can lead to significant bone disease (including pain and fractures) and cardiovascular disease, and is independently associated with increased mortality.
 
In August 2009, we acquired 100% of the rights to RenaZorb and Renalan®, lanthanum-based nanotechnology compounds with potent and selective phosphate binding properties, for all uses pursuant to an amended and restated agreement that we entered into with Altair Nanomaterials, Inc. and Altair Nanotechnologies. In 2005, the Company had acquired the worldwide license from Altair to develop and commercialize Altair’s lanthanum-based nanotechnology compounds and related technology or all human therapeutic uses. The August 2009 acquisition expanded the worldwide, exclusive license to include all uses. In conjunction with the expanded license, Altair assigned all intellectual property associated with RenaZorb (associated with human uses), Renalan® (associated with animal or veterinarian use), its lanthanum-based nanotechnology and all of its other life sciences research and development to us. In consideration, we issued 113,809 shares of our common stock, with a then fair value of approximately $750,000, which was recorded to research ad development in the consolidated statement of operations in 2009. We are responsible for all development, commercialization and intellectual property costs that accrue after the August 2009 execution date for the amended and restated agreement.
 
Ozarelix:  Ozarelix, a LHRH (Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone, also known as GnRH or Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone) antagonist (a substance that blocks the effects of a natural hormone found in the


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
body) is currently being investigated for its targeted indications in hormone dependent prostate cancer, and endometriosis.
 
In January 2010, subsequent to the close of the year, we terminated a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of ozarelix compared to placebo in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to BPH in men. Currently, we are considering the future development of ozarelix.
 
5.   Cash and Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities
 
Cash and cash equivalents, and investments in marketable securities, including long term bank certificates of deposits, totaled $124.8 million and $78.3 million as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The following is a summary of such investments (in thousands):
 
                                                         
          Gross
    Gross
    Estimated
                   
    Amortized
    Unrealized
    Unrealized
    Fair
          Marketable Securities  
    Cost     Gains     Losses     Value     Cash     Current     Long Term  
 
December 31, 2009
                                                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 82,336                 $ 82,336     $ 82,336              
Bank certificates of deposit
    20,948                   20,948           $ 12,260     $ 8,688  
Money Market Currency Funds
    4,800                   4,800             4,800        
U.S. Government securities
    16,542                   16,542             13,792       2,750  
Corporate debt securities
    153                   153             153        
Other securities (included in other assets)
    47             12       35                   35  
                                                         
Total investments
  $ 124,826     $     $ 12     $ 124,814     $ 82,336     $ 31,005     $ 11,473  
                                                         
December 31, 2008
                                                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 9,860                 $ 9,860     $ 9,860              
Bank certificates of deposit
    10,509                   10,509           $ 10,319       190  
Money Market Currency Funds
    128                   128             128        
U.S. Government securities
    55,867                   55,867             55,867        
Corporate debt securities
    2,000             88       1,912             1,912        
Other securities (included in other assets)
    104             57       47                   47  
                                                         
Total investments
  $ 78,468     $     $ 145     $ 78,323     $ 9,860     $ 68,226     $ 237  
                                                         
 
Available-for-sale” marketable securities are carried at fair value, with any unrealized gains and losses included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity. Realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary, as well as interest income and dividends on investments, are included in other income and expense. We have classified $11.4 million of our investments with maturity dates over 1 year from December 31, 2009 as long term based on held to maturity.
 
6.   Accounts Receivables, Related Allowances and Revenues
 
Our product sales are concentrated in a limited number of customers. For the year ended December 31, 2009, approximately 44% of our Fusilev product sales were derived from specialty distributors of oncology products as compared to 100% for the year ended 2008; for Zevalin, we accorded 21% of revenues from radio pharmacies as


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
compared to 0% for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively; and the balance from end use customers. For Zevalin, not a single end user customer constituted revenues over 10% individually. Due to changes in market dynamics, these ratios are not indicative of future concentrations. As of December 31, 2009, for Fusilev, not a single specialty distributor owed us more than 10% of the total net accounts receivables. Three specialty distributors owned us 100% of receivables at the end of 2008. For Zevalin, no single end user customer owed us more than 10% of net receivables as of December 31, 2009 or 2008. All sales were to customers in the United States.
 
For Fusilev, we utilize a third-party logistics company to store and distribute this drug product. The same third party logistics company also stores and ships Zevalin kits containing the CD20 MAB.
 
During 2009, we changed the supply and distribution model for Zevalin. Previously, we sold Zevalin kits containing the CD20 MAB to radiopharmacies, who in turn ordered the radioactive isotope (Y-90 or In-111) separately and radiolabeled (or attached) the radioactive isotope to the CD20 MAB. The radiopharmacy then sold the end user product to the consumer. Under the current model we do not sell the Zevalin kits containing the CD20 MAB to the radiopharmacies, but instead contract with them, as a fee-for-service, to radiolabel the individual components of the CD20 MAB to the radioactive isotope, and then, also under a fee-for-service arrangement, have them distribute the end use product to the end user; the clinics, hospitals or other medical settings. In this regard, we now sell the CD20 MAB together with the radioactive isotope as the end user product.
 
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts, consisted of the following:
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2009     2008  
    ($ in ‘000’s)  
 
Accounts receivables gross
  $ 8,808     $ 9,926  
Allowances for doubtful accounts
    (150 )     (150 )
                 
Accounts receivables net of allowances
  $ 8,658     $ 9,776  
                 
 
Allowances for chargebacks, discounts and rebates and returns as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 are recorded as a part of other accrued liabilities on the balance sheet. Allowances thus recorded consisted of the following:
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2009     2008  
    ($ in ‘000’s)  
 
Allowances for discounts, chargebacks and rebates
  $ 860     $ 1,631  
Allowances for returns
    1,176       3,143  
                 
Total allowances
  $ 2,036     $ 4,774  
                 
 
Shipments of Fusilev for the year ended December 31, 2008 were approximately $10.8 million (net of estimates for promotional, price and other adjustments). We deferred the recognition of approximately $3.1 million of such revenue to allow for potential sales returns. In 2009, based on our evaluation of return history to date combined with inventory held by distributors, sell through data of distributor sales to end users, customer and end-user ordering and re-ordering patterns, aging of accounts receivables, rates of returns for directly substitutable products and other pharmaceutical products for the treatment of therapeutic areas similar to indications served by our products, shelf life of our products and the extensive experience of our management with selling the same and similar oncology products, we reduced the reserve to approximately $1.2 million. No returns reserve is recorded for Zevalin since we invoice our end user customers and recognize revenues only when a patient is treated with Zevalin.


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
 
7.   Inventories
 
As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, inventories, net, consisted of the following:
 
                 
    2009     2008  
    ($ in ‘000’s)  
 
Finished Goods
  $ 3,039     $ 1,492  
Work In Process
          312  
Raw Materials
    280       68  
Less: reserve for obsolescence
    (89 )     (31 )
                 
    $ 3,230     $ 1,841  
                 
 
We continually review product inventories on hand, evaluating inventory levels relative to product demand, remaining shelf life, future marketing plans and other factors, and reserves for obsolete and slow-moving inventories are recorded for amounts which may not be realizable.
 
8.   Property and Equipment
 
As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, property and equipment consisted of:
 
                 
    2009     2008  
    ($ in 000’s)  
 
Equipment
  $ 2,762     $ 2,286  
Leasehold improvements
    1,255       1,255  
                 
Total property and equipment
    4,017       3,541  
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization
    (2,089 )     (1,759 )
                 
Property and equipment, net
  $ 1,928     $ 1,782  
                 
 
For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, the Company recorded depreciation expense of approximately $527,000, $452,000 and $255,000, respectively.
 
9.   Income Taxes
 
Significant components of the income tax expense for each of the three years ended December 31, 2009 are as follows:
 
                         
    For the Years Ended December 31,  
    2009     2008     2007  
    (Amounts in thousands)  
 
Current:
                       
Federal
  $ 78                  
State
  $ 343     $ 5     $ 5  
Foreign
                       
                         
    $ 421     $ 5     $ 5  
Deferred:
                       
Federal
                 
State
                 
Foreign
                 
                         
Total Provision
  $ 421     $ 5     $ 5  
                         


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
The income tax provision differs from that computed using the federal statutory rate applied to income before taxes as follows (in thousands):
 
                         
    2009     2008     2007  
          (As Restated)     (As Restated)  
    (Amounts in thousands)  
 
Tax benefit computed at the federal statutory rate
  $ (6,697 )   $ (6,086 )   $ (8,548 )
State tax, net of federal benefit
    (981 )     (1,039 )     (1,462 )
Expired Tax Attributes
    8,097              
Credits
    (1,644 )            
Common stock warrant liability
    (2,745 )     (432 )     (4,099 )
Permanent items and other
    796              
Valuation allowance
    3,595       7,562       14,114  
                         
Income tax provision
  $ 421     $ 5     $ 5  
                         
 
Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 are shown below. A valuation allowance has been recognized to offset the net deferred tax assets as realization of such deferred tax assets has not met the more likely than not threshold.
 
                 
    2009     2008  
          (As Restated)  
    (Amounts in thousands)  
 
Deferred tax assets:
               
Net operating loss carryforwards
  $ 58,597     $ 70,468  
Research Credits
    10,230       9,468  
Stock Compensation
    2,641       2,755  
Deferred Revenue
    12,839        
Depreciation and amortization differences
    1,466       698  
Other, Net
    1,211        
Valuation Allowance
    (86,984 )     (83,389 )
                 
    $     $  
                 
 
At December 31, 2009, the Company has federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $153.2 million and $94.1 million, respectively. The Company has approximately $2.5 million of foreign loss carryforwards that begin to expire in 2010. The federal and state loss carryforwards begin to expire in 2018 and 2012, respectively, unless previously utilized. At December 31, 2009, the Company has federal and state research and development tax credits of approximately $10 million and $0.2 million, respectively. The federal research tax credit begins to expire in 2010 unless previously utilized.
 
The utilization of the net operating loss and research and development tax credit carryforwards is subject to an annual limitation under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, and similar state tax provisions due to the amount of the net operating loss and research and development tax credits carryforwards and other deferred tax assets that can be utilized to offset future taxable income and tax, respectively. In general, an ownership change, as defined by Sections 382 and 383, results form transactions increasing ownership of certain stockholders or public groups in the stock of the corporation by more than 50 percentage points over a three-year period. An analysis was performed which indicated that multiple ownership changes have occurred in previous years which created an annual limitation on the Company’s ability to utilize its net operating loss and research and development tax carryovers.


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
The Company has not completed a study to assess whether an ownership change has occurred. If the Company has experienced an ownership change, utilization of the NOL or R&D credit carryforwards would be subject to an annual limitation under Section 382 of the Code, which is determined by first multiplying the value of the Company’s stock at the time of the ownership change by the applicable long-term, tax-exempt rate, and then could be subject to additional adjustments, as required. Any limitation may result in expiration of a portion of the NOL or R&D credit carryforwards before utilization. Further, until a study is completed and any limitation is known, no amounts are being considered as an uncertain tax position or disclosed as an unrecognized tax benefit under FIN 48. Due to the existence of the valuation allowance, future changes in the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits will not impact its effective tax rate. Any carryforwards that will expire prior to utilization as a result of such limitations will be removed from deferred tax assets with a corresponding reduction of the valuation allowance.
 
The Company is subject to the accounting guidance for uncertain income tax positions as of January 1, 2007. The Company believes that is income tax filing positions and deductions will be sustained on audit and does not anticipate any adjustments that will result in a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flow. Therefore, no reserves for uncertain income tax positions have been recorded pursuant to the accounting guidance.
 
Management does not believe that the amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will increase within the next twelve months. With a few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local income tax examinations for years before 2005. The Company policy is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.
 
10.   Commitments and Contingencies
 
Facility and Equipment Leases
 
The Company leases certain facilities and office equipment. As of December 31, 2009, we primarily had obligations under a facility lease in Irvine, California, which expires in June 30, 2016, an office lease in Henderson, Nevada, which expires in September 2011, and various operating and capital equipment leases.
 
Minimum lease requirements for each of the next five years and thereafter, under the property and equipment operating leases, are as follows:
 
                 
    Lease
    Capital Lease
 
    Commitments     Commitments  
    ($ in ‘000’s)  
 
Year ending December 31:
               
2010
  $ 428     $ 50  
2011
    455       50  
2012
    484       47  
2013
    513        
2014
    542        
Thereafter
    863        
                 
    $ 3,285     $ 147  
                 
 
Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $593,000, $583,000 and $579,000, respectively.
 
Licensing Agreements
 
Almost all of our drug candidates are being developed pursuant to license agreements that provide us with rights to certain territories to, among other things, develop, sublicense, and sell the drugs. We are required to use


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
commercially reasonable efforts to develop the drugs, are generally responsible for all development, patent filing and maintenance costs, sales, marketing and liability insurance costs, and are generally contingently obligated to make milestone payments to the licensors if we successfully reach development and regulatory milestones specified in the agreements. In addition, we are obligated to pay royalties and, in some cases, milestone payments based on net sales, if any, after marketing approval is obtained from regulatory authorities.
 
The potential contingent development and regulatory milestone obligations under all our licensing agreements are generally tied to progress through the FDA approval process, which approval significantly depends on positive clinical trial results. The following represents typical milestone events for the Company: conclusion of Phase 2 or commencement of Phase 3 clinical trials; filing of new drug applications in each of the United States, Europe and Asia; and approvals from each of the regulatory agencies in those jurisdictions.
 
Given the uncertainty of the drug development and regulatory approval process, we are unable to predict with any certainty when any of the milestones will occur, if at all. Accordingly, the milestone payments represent contingent obligations that will be recorded as expense when the milestone is achieved. While it is difficult to predict when milestones will be achieved, we estimate that if all of our contingent milestones are successfully achieved within our anticipated timelines, our potential contingent cash development and regulatory milestone obligations, aggregating to approximately $75.7 million as of December 31, 2009, would be due approximately as follows: $0.2 million within 12 months; $3.5 million in 2 to 3 years; $2.1 million in 4 to 5 years; and $69.9 million after 5 years.
 
Service Agreements
 
In connection with the research and development of our drug products, we have entered into contracts with numerous third party service providers, such as clinical trial centers, clinical research organizations, data monitoring centers, and with drug formulation, development and testing laboratories. The financial terms of these agreements are varied and generally obligate us to pay in stages, depending on achievement of certain events specified in the agreements, such as contract execution, reservation of service or production capacity, actual performance of service, or the successful accrual and dosing of patients.
 
At each period end, we accrue for all costs of goods and services received, with such accruals based on factors such as estimates of work performed, patient enrollment, completion of patient studies and other events. As of December 31, 2009, we were committed under such contracts for up to approximately $9.0 million, for future goods and services, including approximately $7.3 million due within one year. We are in a position to accelerate, slow-down or discontinue any or all of the projects that we are working on at any given point in time. Should we decide to discontinue and/or slow-down the work on any project, the associated costs for those projects would be limited to the extent of the work completed. Generally, we are able to terminate these contracts due to the discontinuance of the related project(s) and thus avoid paying for the services that have not yet been rendered and our future purchase obligations would reduce accordingly.
 
Supply Agreements
 
In connection with our acquisition of Zevalin, RIT Oncology assumed a supply agreement with Biogen Idec Inc. (“Biogen”) to manufacture Zevalin for sale in the United States pursuant to which we would purchase from Biogen, and Biogen would provide to us, kits to make Zevalin doses for sale to end-users in the United States at a “cost plus” manufacturing price. RIT Oncology also assumed a manufacturing and supply agreement with MDS (Canada) Inc., MDS Nordion Division, or MDS (Canada), for yttrium-90, a radioisotope used in connection with the administration of Zevalin.
 
In connection with Fusilev, we have a single source API supplier as well as a single source finished product manufacturer.


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
Employment Agreement
 
We have entered into an employment agreement with Dr. Shrotriya, our President and Chief Executive Officer, which expires January 2, 2011. The employment agreement automatically renews for a one-year calendar term unless either party gives written notice of such party’s intent not to renew the agreement at least 90 days prior to the commencement of the next year. The employment agreement requires Dr. Shrotriya to devote his full working time and effort to the business and affairs of the Company during the term of the agreement. The employment agreement provides for a minimum annual base salary with annual increases, periodic bonuses and option grants as determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.
 
Litigation
 
At December 31, 2009, we are involved with various legal matters arising from the ordinary course of business. Although the ultimate resolution of these various matters cannot be determined at this time, we do not believe that such matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
 
11.   Stockholders’ Equity
 
Authorized Stock
 
On July 6, 2006, our stockholders approved an amendment to our Certificate of Incorporation to increase the authorized number of shares of our common stock from 50 million shares to 100 million shares. The amendment was filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on July 7, 2006. Further, on July 7, 2006, we amended the Certificate of Designation of Rights, Preferences and Privileges of Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on December 18, 2000 to increase the authorized number of Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock from 200,000 shares to 1,000,000 shares.
 
Preferred Stock
 
In December 2000, we adopted a stockholder rights plan pursuant to which we distributed rights to purchase units of our Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock (“Series B Preferred Stock”). Under this plan, as amended through December 31, 2008, the rights become exercisable upon the earlier of ten days after a person or group of affiliated or associated persons has acquired 15% or more of the outstanding shares of our common stock or ten business days after a tender offer has commenced that would result in a person or group beneficially owning 15% or more of our outstanding common stock. These rights could delay or discourage someone from acquiring our business, even if doing so would benefit our stockholders. We currently have no stockholders who own 15% or more of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Five days after the rights become exercisable, each right, other than rights held by the person or group of affiliated persons whose acquisition of more than 15% of our outstanding common stock caused the rights to become exercisable, will entitle its holder to buy, in lieu of shares of Series B Preferred Stock, a number of shares of our common stock having a market value of twice the exercise price of the rights. After the rights become exercisable, if we are a party to certain merger or business combination transactions or transfers 50% or more of our assets or earnings power (as defined), each right will entitle its holder to buy a number of shares of common stock of the acquiring or surviving entity having a market value of twice the exercise price of the right. The rights expire on December 13, 2010 and may be redeemed by us at one-tenth of one cent per right at any time up to ten days after a person has announced that they have acquired 15% or more of our outstanding common stock.
 
In May 2003, we received gross cash proceeds of $6,000,000 in exchange for the issuance of 600 shares of our Series D 8% Cumulative Convertible Voting Preferred Stock (“Series D Preferred Stock”), convertible into 2,553,191 shares of common stock, and Series D Warrants, exercisable for five years, to purchase up to a total of 1,276,595 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $3.00 per share and up to a total of 1,276,595 shares of


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
our common stock at an exercise price of $3.50 per share. As of December 31, 2007, all Series D Preferred Stock had been converted to common stock. Dividends on the Series D Preferred Stock were payable quarterly at an annual rate of 8% either in cash or shares of our common stock at our discretion.
 
In September 2003, we received gross cash proceeds of $20,000,000 in exchange for the issuance of 2,000 shares of our Series E Convertible Voting Preferred Stock (“Series E Preferred Stock”), convertible into 4,000,000 shares of common stock, and Series E Warrants, exercisable for five years, to purchase up to a total of 2,800,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $6.50 per share. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, 68 shares of Series E Preferred Stock, convertible into 136,000 shares of common stock are outstanding. No dividends are payable on the Series E Preferred Stock. Pursuant to certain provisions of the Certificate of Designation, Rights and Preferences of the Series E Preferred Stock, we have the option to redeem all of the unconverted Series E Preferred Stock outstanding at the end of a 20-day trading period if, among other things, in that period the common stock of the Company trades above $12.00 per share.
 
In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, before any distribution of assets of the Corporation shall be made to the common stockholders, the holders of the Series E Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive a liquidation preference in an amount equal to 120% of the stated value per share plus any declared and unpaid dividends thereon.
 
Common Stock Issuances for Cash
 
In September 2005, we sold 8,000,000 shares of our common stock at a purchase price of $5.25 per share, and six year warrants purchasing up to a total of 4,000,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $6.62 per share, for net cash proceeds of approximately $39.3 million after offering costs of approximately $2.7 million.
 
In May 2007, we sold 5,134,100 shares of our common stock at a purchase price of $6.25 per share for net cash proceeds of approximately $30 million, after placement agent fees and other offering costs of approximately $2 million. No warrants were issued in connection with this offering.
 
On May 6, 2009, we sold an aggregate of 432,200 shares of common stock to certain of our employees at a purchase price of $2.70 per share, which was the closing price of our common stock on May 6, 2009. This offering resulted in gross proceeds to us of approximately $1.2 million. The investors in this offering included Dr. Rajesh Shrotriya, M.D., our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, and Shyam Kumaria, our Vice President of Finance. Dr. Shrotriya purchased 290,000 shares of common stock and Mr. Kumaria purchased 85,000 shares of common stock. We decided to conduct this offering with certain of our employees to allow such employees to invest their personal cash directly into the Company at the current fair market value of our stock. The purchase agreements include provisions prohibiting the investors from disposing of the shares of common stock purchased in the offering for ninety days. The offering was approved by the Placement Committee of the Board of Directors. In addition, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors approved the offering pursuant to our Related Party Transaction Policies and Procedures.
 
On May 26, 2009, we sold 3,913,895 shares of our common stock at a purchase price of $5.11 per share for net cash proceeds of approximately $19 million, after placement agent fees and other offering costs of approximately $1 million. In connection with this offering, 1,956,947 common stock warrants exercisable at $5.11 between November 27, 2009 and February 25, 2010, were issued to the investors.
 
On June 15, 2009, we sold 1,715,266 shares of our common stock at a purchase price of $5.83 per share for net cash proceeds of approximately $9.5 million, after placement agent fees and other offering costs of approximately $0.5 million. In connection with this offering, 857,633 common stock warrants exercisable at $5.83 between December 15, 2009 and March 15, 2010, were issued to the investors.
 
On June 30, 2009, we sold 2,936,037 shares of our common stock at a purchase price of $7.15 per share for net cash proceeds of approximately $20 million, after placement agent fees and other offering costs of approximately


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
$1 million. In connection with this offering, 1,468,020 common stock warrants exercisable at $7.10 between December 30, 2009 and March 30, 2010, were issued to the investors.
 
On September 18, 2009, we sold 6,622,517 shares of our common stock at a purchase price of $7.55 per share for net cash proceeds of approximately $47.5 million, after placement agent fees and other offering costs of approximately $2.5 million. In connection with this offering, 2,649,007 common stock warrants exercisable at $7.55 between March 22, 2010 and June 21, 2010, were issued to the investors.
 
All the warrants issued in conjunction with the 2009 financings were outstanding as of December 31, 2009. Of the 6,931,607 warrants outstanding, 4,282,600 were exercisable as of December 31, 2009. Subsequent to the close of the year and before the date of this filing, 4,282,600 of the 6,931,607 warrants issued in conjunction with the 2009 financing expired and 2,649,007 of the warrants will expire on June 20, 2010 if not exercised.
 
Other Equity Transactions
 
Pursuant to the terms of the April 2006 asset purchase agreement with Targent, LLC, upon achievement of certain regulatory and sales milestones Targent is eligible to receive payments in the form of shares of the Company’s common stock and/or cash. At our option, cash payments specified in the agreement may be paid in shares of the Company’s common stock having a value determined as provided in the asset purchase agreement, equal to the cash payment amount. During the three years ended December 31, 2009, we issued shares of common stock, for achievement of certain regulatory milestones, as follows. The fair value of the issued stock was recorded as stock-based research and development expense for the period in which the milestone was achieved:
 
  •  October 2007: 125,000 shares with a fair value of $520,000.
 
  •  March 2008: 125,000 shares with a fair value of $305,000.
 
  •  March 2009: 125,000 shares with a fair value of $185,000.
 
In October 2008, we issued 75,000 shares of the Company’s common stock in connection with the assignment to us of certain intellectual property rights related to apaziqone. The fair value of the stock, $74,000, was recorded as a stock-based research and development expense for the year ended December 31, 2008.
 
In August 2009, we acquired 100% of the rights to RenaZorb® and Renalin®, lanthanum-based nanotechnology compounds with potent and selective phosphate binding properties, for all uses pursuant to an amended and restated agreement that we entered into with Altair Nanomaterials, Inc. and Altair Nanotechnologies. In 2005, the Company had acquired the worldwide license from Altair to develop and commercialize Altair’s lanthanum-based nanotechnology compounds and related technology for all human therapeutic uses. The August 2009 acquisition expanded the worldwide, exclusive license to include all uses. In conjunction with the expanded license, Altair assigned all intellectual property associated with RenaZorb® (associated with human uses), Renalin® (associated with animal or veterinarian use), its lanthanum-based nanotechnology and all of its other life sciences research and development to us. In consideration, we issued 113,809 shares of our common stock, with a then fair value of approximately $750,000.
 
Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance
 
As of December 31, 2009, approximately 19.1 million shares of common stock were issuable upon conversion or exercise of rights granted under prior financing arrangements, stock options and warrants, as follows:
 
         
Conversion of Series E preferred shares
    136,000  
Exercise of stock options
    7,945,245  
Exercise of warrants
    11,028,919  
         
Total shares of common stock reserved for future issuances
    19,110,164  
         


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
Subsequent to the close of the year and before the date of this filing, 4,282,600 of the 6,931,607 warrants issued in conjunction with the 2009 financing expired and 2,649,007 of the warrants will expire on June 20, 2010 if not exercised.
 
Warrant Activity
 
We typically issue warrants to purchase shares of our common stock to investors as part of a financing transaction or in connection with services rendered by placement agents and consultants. Our outstanding warrants expire on varying dates through September 2013. Below is a summary of warrant activity during each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009:
 
                                                 
    2009     2008     2007  
    Common
    Weighted
    Common
    Weighted
    Common
    Weighted
 
    Stock
    Average
    Stock
    Average
    Stock
    Average
 
    Warrants     Exercise Price     Warrants     Exercise Price     Warrants     Exercise Price  
 
Outstanding at beginning of year
    5,444,555     $ 7.28       9,652,051     $ 6.51       9,917,077     $ 6.71  
Granted
    6,931,607       3.67       50,000       1.79              
Repurchased
    (95,238 )     6.62                          
Exercised
                            (161,145 )     3.22  
Forfeited
                (157,450 )     6.62              
Expired
    (1,252,005 )     10.03       (4,100,046 )     5.43       (103,881 )     30.54  
                                                 
Outstanding, at the end of year
    11,028,919     $ 6.52       5,444,555     $ 7.28       9,652,051     $ 6.51  
                                                 
Exercisable, at the end of year
    8,379,912     $ 6.19       5,432,055     $ 7.29       9,572,051     $ 6.52  
                                                 
 
The following table summarizes information about warrants outstanding at December 31, 2009:
 
                                         
    Warrants
  Weighted
  Weighted
  Warrants
  Weighted
    Outstanding
  Average
  Average
  Exercisable
  Average
Range of Exercise Price
  12/31/2009   Remaining Life   Exercise Price   12/31/2009   Exercise Price
 
$1.00 - $2.50
    50,000       3.25     $ 1.79       50,000     $ 1.79  
$5.01 - $6.00
    3,114,580       0.39       5.31       3,114,580       5.31  
$6.01 - $7.00
    3,747,312       1.71       6.62       3,747,312       6.62  
$7.01 - $7.55
    4,117,027       0.39       7.39       1,468,020       7.10  
                                         
      11,028,919             $ 6.52       8,379,912     $ 6.19  
                                         
 
As described above, subsequent to the close of the year and before the date of this filing, 4,282,600 of the 6,931,607 warrants issued in conjunction with the 2009 financing expired and 2,649,007 of the warrants will expire on June 20, 2010 if not exercised.
 
12.   Share-Based Compensation
 
Stock Options
 
We have three stock incentive plans: the 1997 Stock Incentive Plan (the “1997 Plan”) , the 2003 Amended and Restated Incentive Award Plan (the “2003 Plan”) and the 2009 Incentive Award Plan (the “2009 Plan”) which was approved by our shareholders in June 2009 (collectively, the “Plans”). The 2003 Plan authorizes the grant of incentive awards, including stock options, for the purchase of up to a total of 10,000,000 shares. Subsequent to the adoption of the 2009 Plan, no new options have been granted pursuant the 2003 Plan or 1997 Plan. The Board and


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
the shareholders approved 10,000,000 shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2009 Plan. Beginning on January 1, 2010, and each January 1st thereafter, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2009 Plan shall increase by the greater of (i) 2,500,000 and (ii) a number of shares such that the total number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the Plan shall equal 30% of the then number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding. As of December 31, 2009, approximately 9.3 million incentive awards were available for grant under the 2009 Plan.
 
During each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009, we granted stock options at exercise prices equal to or greater than the quoted price of our common stock on the grant date. The fair value of each option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions used for grants in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively: risk-free interest rates of 2.27% (2009), 2.66% (2008) and 4.57% (2007); zero expected dividend yields; expected lives of 5 years; expected volatility of 72.4% (2009), 65.9% (2008) and, 68.3% (2007). The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon observed interest rates appropriate for the expected term of the Company’s employee stock options. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The Company has not paid any dividends on common stock since its inception and does not anticipate paying dividends on its common stock in the foreseeable future. The weighted average fair value of stock options, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, that were granted in 2009, 2008 and 2007, was $2,87, $1.19 and $3.54, respectively.
 
A summary of stock option activity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009, is as follows:
 
                                                 
    2009     2008     2007  
          Weighted
          Weighted
          Weighted
 
    Common
    Average
    Common
    Average
    Common
    Average
 
    Stock
    Exercise
    Stock
    Exercise
    Stock
    Exercise
 
    Options     Price     Options     Price     Options     Price  
 
Outstanding at beginning of year
    7,115,772     $ 4.80       6,482,260     $ 5.91       4,640,252     $ 5.86  
Granted
    4,141,000       4.70       2,148,000       2.10       1,974,700       5.85  
Exercised
    (488,750 )     2.58                   (81,438 )     1.48  
Forfeited
    (551,130 )     5.35       (294,521 )     4.38       (39,425 )     5.04  
Cancelled
    (2,165,372 )     7.75                          
Expired
    (106,275 )     4.62       (1,219,967 )     6.08       (11,829 )     8.80  
                                                 
Outstanding, at end of year
    7,945,245     $ 4.04       7,115,772     $ 4.80       6,482,260     $ 5.91  
                                                 
Exercisable at end of year
    4,451,733     $ 4.06       5,097,835     $ 5.22       4,185,273     $ 5.89  
                                                 
 
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding under all plans at December 31, 2009:
 
                                         
            Weighted
      Weighted
    Options
  Weighted
  Average
  Options
  Average
    Outstanding
  Average
  Exercise
  Exercisable
  Exercise
Range of Exercise Price
  12/31/09   Remaining Term   Price   12/31/09   Price
        (In years)            
 
$1.00 - $2.50
    2,250,650       8.03     $ 1.59       915,525     $ 1.54  
$2.51 - $5.00
    2,500,270       7.67       3.66       1,829,770       3.51  
$5.01 - $10.00
    3,194,325       8.10       6.06       1,706,438       6.01  
                                         
      7,945,245                       4,451,733          
                                         
 
Due to our rapid growth over the past few years and a low personnel turnover rate, in early 2009, we had a limited number of shares available for future grant under the 2003 Plan. Primarily in order to increase the pool of


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
shares available for future grant under such plan, we conducted a tender offer to eligible employees to acquire options granted to certain employees of the Company pursuant to the Third Amended and Restated 1997 Stock Incentive Plan and 2003 Plan, and which were outstanding at March 23, 2009. Eligible employees were employees of Spectrum or its subsidiaries who held options with exercise prices in excess of $5.00. The cash amount offered to those employees was $0.01 for options with an exercise price over $10.00 and $1.15 for the options with an exercise price between $5.00 and $9.99.
 
On April 23, 2009, a total of 2,165,372 shares underlying eligible options were tendered by eligible employees and were accepted by us, representing 73% of the shares underlying eligible options that were eligible to be tendered in the offer. We made a cash payment in the aggregate of approximately $2.5 million to the eligible employees participating in the offer.
 
Presented below is the aggregate intrinsic value of the stock options outstanding, vested and expected to vest, and exercisable as of December 31, 2009. The intrinsic value represents the total difference between $4.44, the Company’s closing common stock price on December 31, 2009, and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of all in-the-money options, that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on December 31, 2009. This amount changes based on the fair market value of the Company’s common stock.
 
                                 
          Weighted
             
    Common
    Average
    Weighted
    Aggregate
 
    Stock
    Exercise
    Average
    Intrinsic
 
    Options     Price     Remaining Term     Value  
                (In years)     (In thousands)  
 
Stock Options as of December 31, 2009
                               
Outstanding
    7,945,245     $ 4.04       7.97     $ 8,632  
                                 
Vested and expected to vest
    7,735,634     $ 4.04       7.93     $ 8,383  
                                 
Exercisable
    4,451,733     $ 4.06       6.94     $ 4,490  
                                 
 
During the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, the share-based charge in connection with the expensing of stock options was approximately $6.6 million, $5.5 million and $4.6 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2009, there was $7.0 million of unrecognized share-based compensation cost related to stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.5 years.
 
Restricted Stock
 
A summary of the status of the Company’s restricted stock awards as of December 31, 2009 and of changes in unvested shares outstanding is as follows:
 
                                                 
    2009     2008     2007  
    Restricted
    Average
    Restricted
    Average
    Restricted
    Average
 
    Stock
    Grant date
    Stock
    Grant date
    Stock
    Grant date
 
    Awards     Fair Value     Awards     Fair Value     Awards     Fair Value  
 
Nonvested at beginning of period
    377,500     $ 3.04       277,500     $ 5.03       146,250     $ 4.25  
Granted
    262,500       1.86       372,500       1.65       265,000       5.56  
Vested
    (284,375 )     2.82       (272,500 )     3.17       (133,750 )     5.22  
Forfeited
    (2,500 )     5.45                          
                                                 
Nonvested at the end of period
    353,125     $ 2.32       377,500     $ 3.04       277,500     $ 5.03  
                                                 


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
The fair value of restricted stock awards is the quoted market price of our stock on the grant date, and is charged to expense over the period of vesting. These awards are subject to forfeiture to the extent that the recipient’s service is terminated prior to the shares becoming vested.
 
During the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, the stock-based charge in connection with the expensing of restricted stock awards was approximately $665,000, $862,000 and $842,000, respectively. As of December 31, 2009, there was approximately $0.6 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.0 year.
 
401(k) Plan Matching Contribution
 
During the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, we issued 139,795, 166,430 and 44,118 shares of common stock as the Company’s match of approximately $448,000, $274,000 and $211,000 on the 401(k) contributions of its employees during those periods.
 
2009 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP)
 
There are 5,000,000 shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2009 ESPP. Beginning on January 1, 2010, and each January 1st thereafter, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2009 ESPP shall increase by an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 1,000,000 shares or (ii) an amount determined by the ESPP Administrator. However, in no event shall the number of shares of common stock available for future sale under the 2009 ESPP exceed 10,000,000 shares, subject to capitalization adjustments occurring due to dividends, splits, dissolution, liquidation, mergers, or changes in control.
 
The 2009 ESPP provides that there shall be consecutive periods during which an option to purchase common stock under the 2009 ESPP may be exercised (“Offering Periods”), each of which will last approximately six months. The first Offering Period shall commence on July 1, 2009 and shall terminate on December 31, 2009. Thereafter, the first Offering Period of a given year shall commence on January 1st of that year and shall terminate on June 30th of the same year. The second Offering Period of a given year shall commence on July 1st of each year and shall terminate on December 31st of each year.
 
The purchase price per share for which shares of common stock will be sold pursuant to the 2009 ESPP is an amount equal to the lesser of: (a) 85% of the fair market value of common stock on the first day of the Offering Period or (b) 85% of the fair market value of common stock on the last day of the Offering Period.
 
The 2009 ESPP replaces our 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Program, which was terminated by the Board effective June 26, 2009.
 
Total related stock based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2009 was $0.3 million. No similar expense was incurred in 2008 or 2007. The fair value of these shares as of December 31, 2009 was $0.3 million.
 
13.   Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited)
 
As discussed in Note 2, the Company has restated its consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008 and for each of the quarterly periods ended March 31, 2008 through September 30, 2009 (the “Affected Periods”) to reflect certain warrant-related accounting adjustments identified in connection with its reassessment of the accounting and classification of its warrant contracts. The tables that follow provide quarterly information and display the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for each of the Affected Periods. The financial statements are presented “As Previously Reported” and “As Restated” to reflect the impact of the changes resulting from the restatements of the Affected Periods. Certain reclassifications, including


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
reclassification of all historical activities have been made to the historical financial statements to conform to the fiscal 2009 presentation.
 
The following is a summary of the unaudited quarterly results of consolidated operations for each of the calendar quarters in the two-year period ended December 31, 2009:
 
                         
    March 31, 2008     Adjustments     March 31, 2008  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Assets
                       
Current Assets:
                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 4,037           $ 4,037  
Marketable securities
    44,549             44,549  
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts
    84             84  
Inventory
    562             562  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    692             692  
                         
Total current assets
    49,924             49,924  
Property and equipment, net
    767             767  
Other assets
    155             155  
                         
Total assets
  $ 50,846           $ 50,846  
                         
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
                     
Current Liabilities:
                     
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities
  $ 1,864           $ 1,864  
Accrued compensation
    1,004             1,004  
Accrued drug development costs
    4,654             4,654  
Common stock warrant liability
          1,516       1,516  
                         
Total current liabilities
    7,522       1,516       9,038  


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    March 31, 2008     Adjustments     March 31, 2008  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Deferred revenue and other credits
    979             979  
                         
Total liabilities
    8,501       1,516       10,017  
                         
Commitments and contingencies
                       
Minority interest
                 
Stockholders’ Equity:
                       
Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, 5,000,000 shares authorized:
                       
Series B Junior participating preferred stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
                 
Series E convertible voting preferred stock, 2,000 shares authorized, stated value $10,000 per share, $2.0 million aggregate liquidation value, issued and outstanding, 170 shares at March 31, 2008
    1,048             1,048  
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized:
                 
Issued and outstanding, 31,461,396 shares at March 31, 2008
    31             31  
Additional paid-in capital
    290,947       (15,472 )     275,475  
Deferred stock-based compensation
                 
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    735             735  
Accumulated deficit
    (250,416 )     13,956       (236,460 )
                         
Total stockholders’ equity
    42,345       (1,516 )     40,829  
                         
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 50,846           $ 50,846  
                         

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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Three-Months
          Three-Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    March 31, 2008     Adjustments     March 31, 2008  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and share data)  
 
Revenues
                       
Licensing and milestone revenues
  $           $  
Other revenue
                 
                         
Total revenues
  $     $     $  
                         
Operating expenses:
                       
Research and development
    6,382             6,382  
Selling, general and administrative
    2,585             2,585  
                         
Total operating expenses
    8,967             8,967  
                         
Loss from operations
    (8,967 )           (8,967 )
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
          520       520  
Other income, net
    301             301  
                         
Net (loss) income
  $ (8,666 )   $ 520     $ (8,146 )
                         
Net loss per share
                       
Basic and diluted
  $ (0.28 )   $     $ (0.26 )
                         
Weighted average common shares:
                       
Basic and diluted
    31,271,281             31,271,281  
                         


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Quarter
          Quarter
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    March 31, 2008     Adjustments     March 31, 2008  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data)  
 
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
                       
Net (loss) income
  $ (8,666 )   $ 520     $ (8,146 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
                       
Depreciation and amortization
    87             87  
Fair value adjustments of common stock warrants
          (520 )     (520 )
Share-based compensation
    1,731             1,731  
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
    305             305  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                     
Decrease in Accounts Receivable
    107             107  
Increase in Inventory
    (562 )           (562 )
Decrease in other assets
    188             188  
Decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses
    (170 )           (170 )
Decrease in accrued compensation and related taxes
    (107 )           (107 )
Decrease in deferred revenue and other credits
    (30 )           (30 )
Net cash used in operating activities
    (7,117 )           (7,117 )
                         
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
                     
Sales of marketable securities
    10,151             10,151  
Purchases of marketable securities
                     
Purchases of property and equipment
    (138 )           (138 )
Net cash provided by investing activities
    10,013             10,013  
                         
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
                     
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants, net of related offering costs and expenses
                       
Proceeds from exercise of warrants
                 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
                 
Net cash provided by financing activities
                 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
    2,896             2,896  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    1,141             1,141  
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
    4,037             4,037  


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Quarter
          Quarter
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    March 31, 2008     Adjustments     March 31, 2008  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data)  
 
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
                       
Interest paid
                 
Income taxes paid
                 
Schedule of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:
                       
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
  $ 305           $ 305  
                         
Fair value of restricted stock granted employees and directors
  $ 223           $ 223  
                         
Fair value of stock issued to match employee 401k contributions
  $ 61           $ 61  
                         
Preferred stock dividends paid with common stock
  $     $     $  
                         

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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    June 30, 2008     Adjustments     June 30, 2008  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
 
Assets
                       
Current Assets:
                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 1,725           $ 1,725  
Marketable securities
    57,825             57,825  
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts
    379             379  
Inventory
    1,197             1,197  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    781             781  
                         
Total current assets
    61,907             61,907  
Property and equipment, net
    1,217             1,217  
Other assets
    112             112  
                         
Total assets
    63,236             63,236  
                         
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
                       
Current Liabilities:
                       
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities
    2,910             2,910  
Common stock warrant liability
          600       600  
Accrued compensation
    1,062             1,062  
Accrued drug development costs
    3,782             3,782  
                         
Total current liabilities
    7,754       600       8,354  
Deferred revenue and other credits
    966             966  
                         
Total liabilities
    8,720       600       9,320  
                         
Commitments and contingencies
                       
Stockholders’ Equity:
                     
Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, 5,000,000 shares authorized:
                 
Series B Junior participating preferred stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
                 
Series E Convertible Voting Preferred Stock; 2,000 shares authorized, stated value $10,000 per share, $2.0 million aggregate liquidation value, issued and outstanding, 170 shares at June 30, 2008
    1,048               1,048  
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized:
                     


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    June 30, 2008     Adjustments     June 30, 2008  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
 
Issued and outstanding, 31,518,603 shares at June 30, 2008
    32             32  
Additional paid-in capital
    292,332       (15,472 )     276,860  
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    843             843  
Accumulated deficit
    (239,739 )     14,872       (224,867 )
                         
Total stockholders’ equity
    54,516       (600 )     53,916  
                         
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
    63,236     $       63,236  
                         

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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Three Months
          Three Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    June 30, 2008     Adjustments     June 30, 2008  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and share data)  
 
Revenues
                       
Licensing and milestone revenues
  $ 20,676           $ 20,676  
                         
Total revenues
  $ 20,676           $ 20,676  
                         
Operating expenses:
                       
Research and development
    6,747             6,747  
Selling, general and administrative
    3,230             3,230  
                         
Total operating expenses
    9,977             9,977  
                         
Income from operations
    10,699             10,699  
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
          916       916  
Other expense, net
    (21 )           (21 )
                         
Net income before minority interest in consolidated subsidiary
    10,678       916       11,594  
                         
Net income
  $ 10,678     $ 916     $ 11,594  
                         
                    $    
Net income per share
                       
Basic
  $ 0.34             $ 0.37  
                         
Diluted
  $ 0.34             $ 0.36  
                         
Weighted average common shares:
                       
Basic
    31,462,522               31,462,522  
                         
Diluted
    31,872,224               31,872,224  
                         


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                                 
    Six Months
          Six Months
       
    Ended
          Ended
       
    June 30, 2008     Adjustments     June 30, 2008        
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)        
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)        
 
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
                               
Net income
  $ 2,012     $ 1,435     $ 3,447          
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
                               
Depreciation and amortization
    185             185          
Fair value adjustments of common stock warrants
          (1,435 )     (1,435 )        
Stock-based compensation
    3,117             3,117          
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
    305             305          
Minority interest in subsidiary
                         
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                               
Increase in accounts receivable
    (188 )           (188 )        
Increase in inventory
    (1,197 )           (1,197 )        
Decrease in other assets
    190             190          
Increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses
    4             4          
Decrease in accrued compensation and related taxes
    (49 )           (49 )        
Decrease in deferred revenue and other credits
    (43 )           (43 )        
                                 
Net cash provided by operating activities
    4,336             4,336          
                                 
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
                               
Purchases of marketable securities
    (3,065 )           (3,065 )        
Sales of marketable securities
                         
Purchases of property and equipment
    (687 )           (687 )        
                                 
Net cash used in investing activities
    (3,752 )           (3,752 )        
                                 
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
                               
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants, net of
                               
related offering costs and expenses
                         
Proceeds from exercise of warrants
                         
Repurchase of warrants
                         
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
                         
Payments made on capital lease obligations
                         
Minority investment in subsidiary
                         


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                                 
    Six Months
          Six Months
       
    Ended
          Ended
       
    June 30, 2008     Adjustments     June 30, 2008        
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)        
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)        
 
Cash dividends paid on preferred stock
                         
                                 
Net cash provided by financing activities
                         
                                 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
    584             584          
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    1,141             1,141          
                                 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 1,725           $ 1,725          
                                 
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
                               
Interest paid
  $           $          
                                 
Income taxes paid
  $           $          
                                 
Schedule of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:
                               
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
  $ 305           $ 305          
                                 
Fair value of restricted stock granted employees and directors
  $ 223           $ 223          
                                 
Fair value of stock issued to match employee 401k contributions
  $ 129           $ 129          
                                 
Preferred stock dividends paid with common stock
  $           $          
                                 
Fair value of warrants issued to consultants and placement agents
  $ 69           $ 69          
                                 

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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    September 30, 2008     Adjustments     September 30, 2008  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Assets
                       
Current Assets:
                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 4,679           $ 4,679  
Marketable securities
    46,957             46,957  
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts
    186             186  
Inventory
    1,446             1,446  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    254             254  
                         
Total current assets
    53,522             53,522  
Property and equipment, net
    1,633             1,633  
Other assets
    143             143  
                         
Total assets
  $ 55,298           $ 55,298  
                         
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
                       
Current Liabilities:
                       
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities
  $ 3,217           $ 3,217  
Common stock warrant liability
          556       556  
Accrued compensation
    1,145             1,145  
Accrued drug development costs
    3,572             3,572  
                         
Total current liabilities
    7,934       556       8,490  
Deferred revenue and other credits
    1,026             1,026  
                         
Total liabilities
    8,960       556       9,516  
                         
Commitments and Contingencies
                       
Stockholders’ Equity:
                       
Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, 5,000,000 shares authorized:
                   
Series E Convertible Voting Preferred Stock, 2,000 shares authorized, stated value $10,000 per share, $2.0 million aggregate liquidation value, issued and outstanding, 68 shares at September 30, 2008
    419             419  
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized:
                       


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    September 30, 2008     Adjustments     September 30, 2008  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Issued and outstanding, 31,771,876 shares at September 30, 2008
    32             32  
Additional paid-in capital
    294,051       (15,472 )     278,579  
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    390             390  
Accumulated deficit
    (248,554 )     14,916       (233,638 )
                         
Total stockholders’ equity
    46,338       (556 )     45,782  
                         
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 55,298     $     $ 55,298  
                         

F-49


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Three Months
          Three Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    September 30, 2008     Adjustments     September 30, 2008  
    (In thousands, except share and share data)  
 
Revenues
                       
Licensing and milestone revenues
  $           $  
                         
Total revenues
  $             $  
                         
Operating expenses:
                       
Research and development
  $ 5,960           $ 5,960  
Selling, general and administrative
    3,132             3,132  
                         
Total operating expenses
    9,092             9,092  
                         
                       
Loss from operations
    (9,092 )           (9,092 )
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
          45       45  
Other income, net
    276             276  
                         
Net loss before minority interest in consolidated subsidiary
    (8,816 )     45       (8,771 )
                         
Net (loss) income
  $ (8,816 )   $ 45     $ (8,771 )
                         
Net loss per share
                       
Basic and diluted
  $ (0.28 )           $ (0.28 )
                         
Weighted average common shares:
                       
Basic and diluted
    31,538,023               31,538,023  
                         


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Nine Months
          Nine Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    September 30, 2008     Adjustments     September 30, 2008  
    (Previously Reported)           (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
                       
Net (loss) income
  $ (6,804 )   $ 1,480     $ (5,324 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
                       
Depreciation and amortization
    146             146  
Fair value adjustments of common stock warrants
          (1,480 )     (1,480 )
Share-based compensation
    4,207             4,207  
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
    305             305  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                       
Decrease in accounts receivable
    5             5  
Increase in inventory
    (1,446 )           (1,446 )
Decrease in prepaids and other assets
    686             686  
Increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses
    101             101  
Increase in accrued compensation and related taxes
    34             34  
Increase in deferred revenue and other credits
    17             17  
                         
Net cash used in operating activities
    (2,749 )           (2,749 )
                         
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
                       
Sales of marketable securities
    7,351             7,351  
Sales of marketable securities
                 
Purchases of property and equipment
    (1,064 )           (1,064 )
                         
Net cash provided by investing activities
    6,287             6,287  
                         
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
                       
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants, net of
                       
related offering costs and expenses
                 
Proceeds from exercise of warrants
                 
Repurchase of warrants
                 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
                 
Payments made on capital lease obligations
                 
Cash dividends paid on preferred stock
                 
                         
Net cash provided by financing activities
                 
                         


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Nine Months
          Nine Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    September 30, 2008     Adjustments     September 30, 2008  
    (Previously Reported)           (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
    3,538             3,538  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    1,141             1,141  
                         
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 4,679           $ 4,679  
                         
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
                       
Interest paid
  $           $  
                         
Income taxes paid
  $           $  
                         
Schedule of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:
                       
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
  $ 305           $ 305  
                         
Fair value of restricted stock granted employees and directors
  $ 275           $ 275  
                         
Fair value of stock issued to match employee 401k contributions
  $ 208           $ 208  
                         
Preferred stock dividends paid with common stock
  $           $  
                         
Fair value of warrants issued to consultants and placement agents
  $ 69           $ 69  
                         

F-52


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    December 31, 2008     Adjustments     December 31, 2008  
    (Previously Reported)           (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Assets
                       
Current Assets:
                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 9,860             9,860  
Marketable securities
    66,078             66,078  
Accounts receivable-trade, net
    9,776             9,776  
Inventory
    1,841             1,841  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    693             693  
                         
Total current assets
    88,248             88,248  
Bank certificates of deposit
    2,148               2,148  
Property and equipment, net
    1,782             1,782  
Zevalin related intangible assets, net
    37,042             37,042  
Other assets
    289             289  
                         
Total assets
  $ 129,509             129,509  
                         
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
                       
Current Liabilities:
                       
Accounts payable and accrued obligations
  $ 10,401             10,401  
Common stock warrant liability
          765       765  
Accrued compensation
    2,956             2,956  
Note payable in connection with Zevalin joint venture
    7,500             7,500  
Current portion of deferred revenue and other credits
    8,500             8,500  
Accrued drug development costs
    3,449             3,449  
                         
Total current liabilities
    32,806       765       33,571  
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion
    95             95  
Deferred revenue and other credits, net of current portion
    33,929             33,929  
Zevalin related contingent obligations
    8,798             8,798  
                         
Total liabilities
    75,628       765       76,393  
                         
Commitments and contingencies
                       
Minority interest in consolidated entity
    14,262             14,262  
                         
Stockholders’ Equity:
                       
Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, 5,000,000 shares authorized:
                       
Series B Junior participating preferred stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
                 


F-53


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    December 31, 2008     Adjustments     December 31, 2008  
    (Previously Reported)           (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Series E convertible voting preferred stock, 2,000 shares authorized, stated value $10,000 per share, $0.8 million aggregate liquidation value, issued and outstanding, 68 shares at December 31, 2008
    419             419  
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized. 
                       
Issued and outstanding, 32,166,316 shares at December 31, 2008
    32             32  
Additional paid-in capital
    296,531       (15,472 )     281,059  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (146 )           (146 )
Accumulated deficit
    (257,217 )     14,707       (242,510 )
                         
Total stockholders’ equity
    39,619       (765 )     38,854  
                         
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 129,509     $       129,509  
                         

F-54


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Three Months
          Three Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    December 31, 2008     Adjustments     December 31, 2008  
                (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and share data)  
 
Revenues
                       
Licensing and milestone revenues
  $           $  
Other revenue
                 
Product sales
    8,049             8,049  
                         
Total revenues
  $ 8,049           $ 8,049  
                         
                       
Operating expenses:
                     
Cost of product sold
  $ 1,193           $ 1,193  
Research and development
    7,594             7,594  
Selling, general and administrative
    6,209             6,209  
Acquired in-process research and development
    4,700             4,700  
Amortization of purchased intangibles
    158             158  
                         
                         
Total operating expenses
    19,854             19,854  
                         
                       
Loss from operations
    (11,805 )           (11,805 )
Change in fair value of common stock warrants
        $ (210 )     (210 )
                       
Other income, net
    609             609  
                         
Pre-tax net loss
    (11,196 )     (210 )     (11,406 )
Income tax expense
    (5 )           (5 )
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest
    2,538             2,538  
                         
Net (loss) income
  $ (8,663 )   $ (210 )   $ (8,873 )
                         
Net loss per share
                       
Basic and diluted
  $ (0.28 )           $ (0.28 )
                         
Weighted average common shares:
                       
Basic and diluted
    31,928,778               31,928,778  
                         


F-55


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Twelve Months
          Twelve Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    December 31, 2008     Adjustment     December 31, 2008  
    (Previously Reported)           (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
                       
Net (loss) income
  $ (15,467 )     1,271       (14,196 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
                       
Depreciation and amortization
    610             610  
Fair value adjustments of common stock warrants
          (1,271 )     (1,271 )
Acquired in-process research and development
    4,700             4,700  
Share-based compensation expense
    6,537             6,537  
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
    379             379  
Minority interest in consolidated entities
    (2,538 )           (2,538 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                       
Accounts receivable
    (4,811 )           (4,811 )
Inventory
    (1,841 )           (1,841 )
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    101             101  
Accounts payable and accrued obligations
    2,387             2,387  
Notes payable
                 
Accrued compensation and related taxes
    1,845             1,845  
Deferred revenue and other credits
    93             93  
                         
Net cash used in operating activities
    (8,005 )           (8,005 )
                         
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
                       
Net purchases of marketable securities
    (13,056 )           (13,056 )
Investment in Zevalin joint venture
    (10,202 )           (10,202 )
Purchases of property and equipment
    (1,518 )           (1,518 )
                         
Net cash used in investing activities
    (24,776 )           (24,776 )
                         
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
                       
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants, net of
                       
related offering costs and expenses
                 
Proceeds from exercise of warrants
                 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
                 
Proceeds from Allergan Collaboration
    41,500             41,500  
Payments made on capital lease obligations
                 
Minority investment in subsidiary
                 
Cash dividends paid on preferred stock
                 
                         
Net cash provided by financing activities
    41,500             41,500  
                         
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
    8,719             8,719  


F-56


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Twelve Months
          Twelve Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    December 31, 2008     Adjustment     December 31, 2008  
    (Previously Reported)           (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    1,141             1,141  
                         
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 9,860             9,860  
                         
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
                       
Interest paid
  $ 36             36  
                         
Income taxes paid
  $ 5             5  
                         
Schedule of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:
                       
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
  $ 379             379  
                         
Fair value of restricted stock granted employees and directors
  $ 606             606  
                         
Fair value of stock issued to match employee 401k contributions
  $ 274             274  
                         
Fair value of equity awarded to consultants and placement agents
  $ 70             70  
                         

F-57


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    March 31, 2009     Adjustments     March 31, 2009  
    (Previously Reported)           (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Assets
                       
Current Assets:
                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 4,065           $ 4,065  
Restricted cash in escrow
    10,000             10,000  
                         
Total cash and cash equivalents
    14,065             14,065  
Marketable securities
    49,833             49,833  
Accounts receivable-trade, net
    6,306             6,306  
Inventory
    1,894             1,894  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    736             736  
                         
Total current assets
    72,834             72,834  
Property and equipment, net
    1,818             1,818  
Zevalin related intangible assets, net
    36,092             36,092  
Other assets
    104             104  
                         
Total assets
  $ 110,848           $ 110,848  
                         
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
                       
Current Liabilities:
                       
Accounts payable and accrued obligations
  $ 8,221           $ 8,221  
Common stock warrant liability
          1,274       1,274  
Accrued compensation
    1,921             1,921  
Note payable in connection with Zevalin acquisition
    10,000             10,000  
Current portion of deferred revenue and other credits
    8,500             8,500  
Accrued drug development costs
    4,798             4,798  
                         
Total current liabilities
    33,440       1,274       34,714  
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion
    89             89  
Deferred revenue and other credits, net of current portion
    31,785             31,785  
Zevalin related contingent obligations
    4,998             4,998  
                         
Total liabilities
    70,312       1,274       71,586  
                         
Minority interest in consolidated entity
                 
                         
Stockholders’ Equity:
                 
Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, 5,000,000 shares authorized:
                       
Series B Junior participating preferred stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
                 


F-58


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    March 31, 2009     Adjustments     March 31, 2009  
    (Previously Reported)           (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Series E convertible voting preferred stock, 2,000 shares authorized, stated value $10,000 per share, $0.8 million aggregate liquidation value, issued and outstanding, 68 shares at March 31, 2009
    419             419  
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized.
                 
Issued and outstanding, 32,547,700 shares at March 31, 2009
    33             33  
Additional paid-in capital
    297,208       (15,472 )     281,736  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (531 )           (531 )
Accumulated deficit
    (256,593 )     14,198       (242,395 )
                         
Total stockholders’ equity
    40,536       (1,274 )     39,262  
                         
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 110,848     $     $ 110,848  
                         

F-59


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Three Months
          Three Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    March 31, 2009     Adjustments     March 31, 2009  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Revenues
                       
License and contract revenue
  $ 2,125           $ 2,125  
Product sales
    12,038             12,038  
                         
Total revenues
  $ 14,163           $ 38,025  
                         
Operating expenses:
                       
Cost of product sold
  $ 1,834           $ 1,834  
Research and development
    5,654             5,654  
Amortization of purchased intangibles
    950             950  
Selling, general and administrative
    6,351             6,351  
                         
Total operating expenses
    14,789             66,533  
                         
Loss from operations
    (626 )           (626 )
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
          (509 )     (509 )
Other income, net
    104             104  
                         
Loss before minority interest in consolidated entities
    (522 )     (509 )     (1,031 )
Minority interest in net loss of consolidated entities
    1,146             1,146  
                         
Net income (loss)
  $ 624     $ (509 )   $ (19,046 )
                         
Net income per share
                       
Basic
  $ 0.02             $ 0.00  
                         
Diluted
  $ 0.02             $ 0.00  
                         
Weighted average common shares:
                       
Basic
    31,952,523               31,952,523  
                         
Diluted
    32,157,425               32,157,425  
                         


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Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Quarter
          Quarter
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    March 31, 2009     Adjustments     March 31, 2009  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
                       
Net income (loss)
  $ 624     $ (509 )   $ 115  
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
                       
Amortization of deferred revenue
    (2,125 )           (2,125 )
Depreciation and amortization
    136             136  
Fair value adjustments of common stock warrants
          509       509  
Share-based compensation expense
    968             968  
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
    185             185  
Minority interest in consolidated entities
    (1,146 )           (1,146 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                       
Accounts receivable
    (1,304 )           (1,304 )
Inventory
    (53 )           (53 )
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    148             148  
Accounts payable and accrued obligations
    3,942             3,942  
Accrued compensation and related taxes
    (1,035 )           (1,035 )
Deferred revenue and other credits
    (25 )           (25 )
                         
Net cash provided by operating activities
    315             315  
                         
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
                       
Net sales of marketable securities
    18,112             18,112  
Investment in Zevalin acquisition
    (14,050 )           (14,050 )
Restricted cash in escrow for Zevalin acquisition
    (10,000 )           (10,000 )
Purchases of property and equipment
    (172 )           (172 )
                         
Net cash used in investing activities
    (6,110 )           (6,110 )
                         
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
                       
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants, net of related offering costs and expenses
                 
Proceeds from exercise of warrants
                 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
                 
Proceeds from Allergan Collaboration
                 
Payments made on capital lease obligations
                 
Minority investment in subsidiary
                 
Cash dividends paid on preferred stock
                 
Net cash provided by financing activities
                 
                         
                   
                         


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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Quarter
          Quarter
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    March 31, 2009     Adjustments     March 31, 2009  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (5,795 )           (5,795 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    9,860             9,860  
                         
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 4,065           $ 4,065  
                         
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
                  $  
Interest paid
  $ 7           $ 7  
                         
Income taxes paid
  $ 45           $ 45  
                         
Schedule of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:
                       
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
  $ 185           $ 185  
                         
Fair value of restricted stock granted employees and directors
  $ 182           $ 182  
                         
Fair value of stock issued to match employee 401k contributions
  $ 108           $ 108  
                         
Preferred stock dividends paid with common stock
  $           $  
                         
Fair value of equity awarded to consultants and placement agents
  $ 111           $ 111  
                         

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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    June 30, 2009     Adjustments     June 30, 2009  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Assets
                       
Current Assets:
                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 7,993           $ 7,993  
Marketable securities
    77,062             77,062  
Financing proceeds receivable
    21,000             21,000  
                         
Cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and financing proceeds receivable
    106,055             106,055  
Accounts receivable-trade, net
    1,531             1,531  
Inventory
    2,355             2,355  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    661             661  
Total current assets
    110,602             110,602  
Property and equipment, net
    1,845             1,845  
Zevalin related intangible assets, net
    35,143             35,143  
Other assets
    99             99  
                         
Total assets
  $ 147,689           $ 147,689  
                         
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
                       
Current Liabilities:
                       
Accounts payable and accrued obligations
  $ 13,985           $ 13,985  
Common stock warrant liability
          30,232       30,232  
Accrued compensation
    2,278             2,278  
Current portion of deferred revenue and other credits
    8,500             8,500  
Accrued drug development costs
    3,929             3,929  
                         
Total current liabilities
    28,692       30,232       58,924  
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion
    102             102  
Deferred revenue and other credits, net of current portion
    29,622             29,622  
Zevalin related contingent obligations
    6,755             6,755  
                         
Total liabilities
    65,171       30,232       95,403  
                         
Commitments and contingencies
                       
Minority interest in consolidated entity
                       


F-63


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    June 30, 2009     Adjustments     June 30, 2009  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Stockholders’ Equity:
                       
Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, 5,000,000 shares authorized:
                 
Series B Junior participating preferred stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
                 
Series E convertible voting preferred stock, 2,000 shares authorized, stated value $10,000 per share, $0.8 million aggregate liquidation value, issued and outstanding, 68 shares at June 30, 2009
    419             419  
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized:
                 
Issued and outstanding, 41,707,484 shares at June 30, 2009
    42             42  
Additional paid-in capital
    348,521       (24,318 )     324,203  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (166 )           (166 )
Accumulated deficit
    (266,298 )     (5,914 )     (272,212 )
                         
Total stockholders’ equity
    82,518       (30,232 )     52,286  
                         
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 147,689     $     $ 147,689  
                         

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Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
                Three Months
 
    Three Months
          Ended
 
    Ended
          June 30,
 
    June 30, 2009     Adjustments     2009  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Revenues
                       
License and contract revenue
  $ 2,125           $ 2,125  
Product sales
    6,016             6,016  
                         
Total revenues
  $ 8,141           $ 8,141  
                         
Operating expenses:
                       
Cost of product sold
  $ 1,439           $ 1,439  
Research and development
    6,391             6,391  
Amortization of purchased intangibles
    950             950  
Selling, general and administrative
    9,192             9,192  
                         
Total operating expenses
    17,972             17,972  
                         
Loss from operations
    (9,831 )           (9,831 )
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
          (20,113 )     (20,113 )
Other income, net
    125             125  
                         
Loss before minority interest in consolidated entities
    (9,706 )     (20,113 )     (29,819 )
Minority interest in net loss of consolidated entities
                 
                         
Net loss
  $ (9,706 )   $ (20,113 )   $ (29,819 )
                         
Net income (loss) per share
                       
Basic and diluted
  $ (0.28 )           $ (0.87 )
                         
Weighted average common shares:
                       
Basic and diluted
    34,137,640               34,137,640  
                         


F-65


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Six Months
          Six Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    June 30, 2009     Adjustments     June 30, 2009  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
                       
Net loss
  $ (9,081 )   $ (20,621 )   $ (29,702 )
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
                       
Amortization of deferred revenue
    (4,250 )           (4,250 )
Depreciation and amortization
    2,178             2,178  
Fair value adjustments of common stock warrants
          20,621       20,621  
Share-based compensation expense
    4,793             4,793  
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
    185             185  
Minority interest in consolidated entities
    (1,146 )           (1,146 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                       
Accounts receivable
    3,471             3,471  
Inventory
    (514 )           (514 )
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    228             228  
Accounts payable and accrued obligations
    9,154             9,154  
Accrued compensation and related taxes
    (678 )           (678 )
Deferred revenue and other credits
    (49 )           (49 )
                         
Net cash provided by operating activities
    4,291             4,291  
                         
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
                       
Net purchases of marketable securities
    (8,862 )           (8,862 )
Investment in Zevalin Acquisition
    (22,687 )           (22,687 )
Purchases of property and equipment
    (344 )           (344 )
                         
Net cash used in investing activities
    (31,893 )           (31,893 )
                         
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
                       
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants, net of related offering costs and expenses
    27,070             27,070  
Proceeds from sale of common stock to employees — shelf takedown
    1,167             1,167  
Repurchase of warrants
    (71 )           (71 )
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
    89             89  
Repurchase of stock options pursuant to tender offer
    (2,520 )           (2,520 )
Net cash provided by financing activities
    25,735             25,735  
                         
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (1,867 )           (1,867 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    9,860             9,860  
                         
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 7,993           $ 7,993  
                         


F-66


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Six Months
          Six Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    June 30, 2009     Adjustments     June 30, 2009  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
                       
Interest paid
  $ 10           $ 10  
                         
Income taxes paid
  $ 45           $ 45  
                         
Schedule of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:
                       
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
  $ 185           $ 185  
                         
Fair value of restricted stock granted employees and directors
  $ 226           $ 226  
                         
Fair value of stock issued to match employee 401k contributions
  $ 219           $ 219  
                         
Fair value of equity awarded to consultants and placement agents
  $ 111           $ 111  
                         

F-67


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    September 30, 2009     Adjustments     September 30, 2009  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Assets
                       
Current Assets:
                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 9,686           $ 9,686  
Marketable securities
    133,785             133,785  
                         
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities
    143,471             143,471  
Accounts receivable-trade, net
    4,441             4,441  
Inventory
    2,160             2,160  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    472             472  
                         
Total current assets
    150,544             150,544  
Property and equipment, net
    1,771             1,771  
Zevalin related intangible assets, net
    35,941             35,941  
Other assets
    193             193  
                         
Total assets
  $ 188,449           $ 188,449  
                         
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
                       
Current Liabilities:
                       
Accounts payable and accrued obligations
  $ 21,460           $ 21,460  
Common stock warrant liability
          26,540       26,540  
Accrued compensation
    2,476             2,476  
Current portion of deferred revenue and other credits
    8,500             8,500  
Accrued drug development costs
    3,779             3,779  
                         
Total current liabilities
    36,215       26,540       62,755  
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion
    102             102  
Deferred revenue and other credits, net of current portion
    27,512             27,512  
Total liabilities
    63,829       26,540       90,369  
                         
Commitments and contingencies (Note 5)
                       


F-68


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    September 30, 2009     Adjustments     September 30, 2009  
    (Previously reported)           (As restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Stockholders’ Equity:
                       
Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, 5,000,000 shares authorized:
                 
Series B Junior participating preferred stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
                 
Series E convertible voting preferred stock, 2,000 shares authorized, stated value $10,000 per share, $0.8 million aggregate liquidation value, issued and outstanding, 68 shares at September 30, 2009
    419             419  
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized:
                 
Issued and outstanding, 48,741,009 shares at September 30, 2009
    49             49  
Additional paid-in capital
    398,967       (29,489 )     369,478  
Non-controlling interest
                 
                         
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (136 )           (136 )
Accumulated deficit
    (274,679 )     2,949       (271,730 )
                         
Total stockholders’ equity
    124,620       (26,540 )     98,080  
                         
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 188,449     $     $ 188,449  
                         
 

F-69


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Three Months
          Three Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    September 30, 2009     Adjustments     September 30, 2009  
    (Previously Reported)           (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Revenues
                       
Product sales
  $ 4,976           $ 4,976  
License and contract revenue
    2,125             2,125  
                         
Total revenues
  $ 7,101           $ 7,101  
                         
Operating expenses:
                       
Cost of product sold (excludes amortization of purchased intangibles shown below)
  $ 2,429           $ 2,429  
Amortization of purchased intangibles
    950             950  
Research and development
    5,488             5,488  
Acquired in-process research and development
                 
Selling, general and administrative
    6,995             6,995  
                         
Total operating expenses
    15,862             15,862  
                         
Loss from operations
    (8,761 )           (8,761 )
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
          8,863       8,863  
Other income, net
    372             372  
                         
Consolidated loss
    (8,389 )     8,863       474  
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest
                 
                         
Net (loss) income — attributable to Spectrum
  $ (8,389 )   $ 8,863     $ 474  
                         
Net (loss) income per share
                       
Basic
  $ (0.20 )           $ 0.01  
                         
Diluted
  $ (0.19 )           $ 0.01  
                         
Weighted average common shares:
                       
Basic
    42,364,983               42,364,983  
                         
Diluted
    44,191,257               44,191,257  
                         

F-70


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Nine-Months
          Nine-Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    September 30, 2009     Adjustments     September 30, 2009  
    (Previously Reported)           (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
                       
Net loss
  $ (17,471 )   $ (11,759 )   $ (29,230 )
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
                       
Amortization of deferred revenue
    (6,375 )           (6,375 )
Depreciation and amortization
    3,248             3,248  
Fair value adjustments of common stock warrants
          11,759       11,759  
Share-based compensation expense
    6,013             6,013  
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
    935             935  
Minority interest in consolidated entities
    (1,146 )           (1,146 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                       
Accounts receivable
    561             561  
Inventory
    (319 )           (319 )
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    314             314  
Accounts payable and accrued obligations
    7,663             7,663  
Accrued compensation and related taxes
    (480 )           (480 )
Deferred revenue and other credits
    (35 )           (35 )
                         
Net cash used in operating activities
    (7,092 )           (7,092 )
                         
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
                       
Net purchases of marketable securities
    (65,538 )           (65,538 )
Investment in Zevalin acquisition
    (22,687 )           (22,687 )
Purchases of property and equipment
    (388 )           (388 )
                         
Net cash used in investing activities
    (88,613 )           (88,613 )
                         
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
                       
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants, net of related offering costs and expenses
    95,810             95,810  
Proceeds from sale of common stock to employees — shelf takedown
    1,167             1,167  
Repurchase of warrants
    (71 )           (71 )
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
    1,145             1,145  
Repurchase of stock options pursuant to tender offer
    (2,520 )           (2,520 )
                         
Net cash provided by financing activities
    95,531             95,531  
                         
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
    (174 )           (174 )


F-71


Table of Contents

 
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)
 
                         
    Nine-Months
          Nine-Months
 
    Ended
          Ended
 
    September 30, 2009     Adjustments     September 30, 2009  
    (Previously Reported)           (As Restated)  
    (In thousands, except share and per share data)  
 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    9,860             9,860  
                         
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 9,686           $ 9,686  
                         
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
                       
Interest paid
  $ 10           $ 10  
                         
Income taxes paid
  $ 45           $ 45  
                         
Schedule of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:
                       
Fair value of common stock issued in connection with drug license
  $ 935           $ 935  
                         
Fair value of restricted stock granted employees and directors
  $ 226           $ 226  
                         
Fair value of stock issued to match employee 401k contributions
  $ 342           $ 342  
                         
Fair value of equity awarded to consultants and placement agents
  $ 111           $ 111  
                         

F-72


Table of Contents

         
    Three Months
 
    Ended
 
    December 31, 2009  
 
Revenues
       
Product sales
  $ 5,195  
License and contract revenue
    3,425  
         
Total revenues
  $ 8,620  
         
Operating expenses:
       
Cost of product sold (excludes amortization of purchased intangibles shown below)
    2,446  
Selling, general and administrative
    11,069  
Research and development
    3,525  
Amortization of purchased intangibles
    870  
         
Total operating expenses
    17,910  
         
Loss from operations
    (9,290 )
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
    19,834  
Other income, net
    61  
         
Consolidated loss
    10,605  
Income tax expense
    (421 )
Net income
  $ 10,184  
         
Net income per share
       
Basic
  $ 0.21  
         
Diluted
  $ 0.20  
         
Weighted average common shares:
       
Basic
    48,425,486  
         
Diluted
    49,704,126  
         
 
14.   Subsequent Event
 
In connection with the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements, we have evaluated subsequent events through the filing date of this form 10-K.
 
In February 2010, we entered into a licensing and collaboration agreement with TopoTarget, for the development and commercialization of belinostat, a drug being studied in multiple indications, including a Phase 2 registrational trial for patients with Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma. The agreement provides that we have the exclusive right to make, develop and commercialize belinostat in North America and India, with an option for China. In consideration for the rights granted under the license agreement, we paid TopoTarget an up-front fee of $30 million. In addition, we will pay up to $313 million and one million shares of Spectrum common stock based on the achievement of certain development, regulatory and sales milestones, as well as royalties on net sales of belinostat.
 
Index to Exhibits
 
         
Exhibit
   
No.
 
Description
 
  2 .1   Asset Purchase Agreement by and between the Registrant, Targent Inc. and Certain Stockholders of Targent, Inc., dated March 17 2006. (Filed as Exhibit 2.1 to Form 10-K/A, Amendment No. 1, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 1, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)


Table of Contents

         
Exhibit
   
No.
 
Description
 
  2 .2   Asset Purchase Agreement by and between the Registrant and Par Pharmaceutical, Inc., dated as of May 6, 2008. (Filed as Exhibit 2.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 11, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  2 .3#   Purchase and Formation Agreement, dated as of November 26, 2008, by and among the Registrant, Cell Therapeutics, Inc. and RIT Oncology, LLC. (Filed as Exhibit 2.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 19, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  2 .4#   Limited Liability Company Interest Assignment Agreement, dated as of March 15, 2009, by and between the Registrant and Cell Therapeutics, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 2.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 15, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  3 .1   Amended Certificate of Incorporation, as filed. (Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 8, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  3 .2   Form of Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant. (Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 16, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .1   Rights Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2000, between the Registrant and ComputerShare Trust Company, N.A. (formerly U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation), as Rights Agent, which includes as Exhibit A thereto the form of Certificate of Designation for the Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock, as Exhibit B thereto the Form of Rights Certificate and as Exhibit C thereto a Summary of Terms of Stockholder Rights Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-A12G, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 26, 2000, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .2   Amendment No. 1 to the Rights Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2000 by and between the Registrant and ComputerShare Trust Company, N.A. (formerly U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation). (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .3   Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of September 26, 2003, by and among the Registrant and the persons listed on Schedule 1 attached thereto. (Filed as Exhibit 4.4 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .4   Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of April 20, 2004, by and among the Registrant and the persons listed on Schedule 1 attached thereto. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 23, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .5   Amendment No. 2 to the Rights Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2000, by and between the Registrant and ComputerShare Trust Company, N.A. (formerly U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation). (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 17, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .6   Amendment No. 3 to the Rights Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2000 by and between the Registrant and ComputerShare Trust Company, N.A. (formerly U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation). (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 17, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .7   Warrant issued by the Registrant to a Consultant, dated as of September 17, 2003. (Filed as Exhibit 4.3 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 17, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .8   Amendment No. 1, dated as of November 2, 2005, to Warrant issued by the Registrant to a Consultant, dated as of September 17, 2003. (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 4, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .9   Warrant issued by the Registrant to a Consultant, dated as of September 20, 2005. (Filed as Exhibit 4.3 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 4, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .10   Form of Warrant, dated September 15, 2005. (Filed as Exhibit 4.35 to Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 15, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .11   Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of April 20, 2006, by and among the Registrant and Targent, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 8, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)


Table of Contents

         
Exhibit
   
No.
 
Description
 
  4 .12   Fourth Amendment to Rights Agreement, dated July 7, 2006. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 12, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .13   Amendment No. 5 to the Rights Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2000, by and between the Registrant and ComputerShare Trust Company, N.A. (formerly U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation). (Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 3, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .14   Amendment No. 2, dated as of March 26, 2007, to Warrant issued by the Registrant to a Consultant, dated as of September 17, 2003. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 10-K/A, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 30, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .15   Warrant issued by the Registrant to a Consultant, dated as of April 28, 2008. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 11, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .16   Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 28, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .17   Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 18, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .18   Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant. (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  4 .19   Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 23, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference).
  10 .1   Industrial Lease Agreement, dated as of January 16, 1997, between the Registrant and the Irvine Company. (Filed as Exhibit 10.11 to Form 10-KSB, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 1997, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .2   Preferred Stock and Warrant Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 26, 2003, by and among the Registrant and the purchasers listed on Schedule 1 attached thereto. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .3   First Amendment, dated March 25, 2004, to Industrial Lease Agreement dated as of January 16, 1997 by and between the Registrant and the Irvine Company. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 17, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .4   Common Stock and Warrant Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 20, 2004, by and among the Registrant and the purchasers listed on Schedule 1 attached thereto. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 23, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .5#   License and Collaboration Agreement by and between the Registrant and Zentaris GmbH, dated as of August 12, 2004. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form S-3/A, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 21, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .6*   Form of Stock Option Agreement under the 2003 Amended and Restated Incentive Award Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 17, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .7#   License Agreement by and between the Registrant and Chicago Labs, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 25, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .8*   Form of Non-Employee Director Stock Option Agreement under the 2003 Amended and Restated Incentive Award Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.5 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 10, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .9*   Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice and Restricted Stock Award Agreement under the 2003 Amended and Restated Incentive Award Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.44 to Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 15, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .10#   License Agreement between the Registrant and Merck Eprova AG, dated May 23, 2006. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 8, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)


Table of Contents

         
Exhibit
   
No.
 
Description
 
  10 .11*   Third Amended and Restated 1997 Stock Incentive Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 3, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .12#   Agreement by and between the Registrant and Glaxo Group Limited (d/b/a GlaxoSmithKline), dated November 10, 2006. (Filed as Exhibit 10.38 to Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 14, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .13*   2003 Amended and Restated Incentive Award Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 9, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .14#   License Agreement by and between the Registrant and Indena, S.p.A., dated July 17, 2007. (Filed as Exhibit 10.4 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 9, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .15*   Executive Employment Agreement by and between the Registrant and Rajesh C. Shrotriya, M.D., entered into June 20, 2008 and effective as of January 2, 2008. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 26, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .16   Consulting Agreement by and between the Registrant and Luigi Lenaz, M.D., effective as of July 1, 2008. (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 11, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .17*   Form of Indemnity Agreement of the Registrant. (Filed as Exhibit 10.32 to Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .18#   License, Development, Supply and Distribution Agreement, dated October 28, 2008, by and among the Registrant, Allergan Sales, LLC, Allergan USA, Inc. and Allergan, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.33 to Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .19*   Form of Stock Purchase Agreement, dated May 6, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 7, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .20   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated May 27, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 28, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .21   Placement Agency Agreement between the Registrant and Rodman & Renshaw, LLC, dated May 26, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 28, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .22   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated June 15, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 18, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .23   Placement Agency Agreement between the Registrant and Rodman & Renshaw, LLC, June 15, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 18, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .24*   2009 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 99.1 to Form S-8, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 29, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .25*   2009 Incentive Award Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 99.2 to Form S-8, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 29, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .26   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated June 30, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .27   Placement Agency Agreement between the Registrant and Rodman & Renshaw, LLC, dated June 30, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .28*   2003 Amended and Restated Incentive Award Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .29+   Fourth Amendment, dated July 29, 2009, to Industrial Lease Agreement dated as of January 16, 1997 by and between the Registrant and the Irvine Company.
  10 .30*   Term Sheet for 2009 Incentive Award Plan Stock Option Award. (Filed as Exhibit 10.8 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 13, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)


Table of Contents

         
Exhibit
   
No.
 
Description
 
  10 .31*   Term Sheet for 2009 Incentive Award Plan, Nonqualified Stock Option Award Awarded to Non-Employee Directors. (Filed as Exhibit 10.9 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 13, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .32*   Term Sheet for 2009 Incentive Award Plan, Restricted Stock Award. (Filed as Exhibit 10.10 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 13, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .33*   Summary of Director Compensation. (Filed as Exhibit 10.11 to Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 13, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .34   Placement Agency Agreement by and between the Registrant, and Rodman & Renshaw, LLC, dated September 18, 2009 (Filed as Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 23, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .35   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated September 18, 2009 (Filed as Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 23, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  10 .36#+   License Agreement, dated November 6, 2009, by and between the Registrant and Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.
  10 .37#+   License and Collaboration Agreement, dated February 2, 2010, by and between the Registrant and TopoTarget A/S.
  16 .1   Letter from Kelly and Company to the Securities and Exchange Commission, dated December 3, 2009. (Filed as Exhibit 16.1 to Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 8, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  21 +   Subsidiaries of Registrant.
  23 .1+   Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
  23 .2+   Consent of Kelly & Company, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
  24 .1   Power of Attorney (included in the signature page.)
  31 .1+   Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
  31 .2+   Certification of Vice President Finance, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
  32 .1+   Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b)/15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
  32 .2+   Certification of Vice President Finance, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b)/15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
 
 
* Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
 
# Confidential portions omitted and filed separately with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 24b-2 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
 
+ Filed herewith.