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EX-99.2 - EXHIBIT 99.2 - BLUCORA, INC.ex-992earningsreleaseq12017.htm
8-K - 8-K - BLUCORA, INC.bcor8-kq12017earningsrelea.htm


Exhibit 99.1
 blucoragraphica06.jpg
Blucora Announces First Quarter 2017 Results and Preliminary Tax Season Results
Strong Performance Drives Double Digit Revenue, Segment Income and EPS Growth

BELLEVUE, WA — (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — May 4, 2017 — Blucora, Inc. (NASDAQ: BCOR), a leading provider of technology-enabled financial solutions to consumers, small businesses and tax professionals, today announced financial results for the first quarter ended March 31, 2017.
First Quarter Highlights and Recent Developments
TaxAct revenue and segment income expected to grow approximately 15 and 14 percent respectively for the six months through June 30, 2017 compared to the same period last year
HD Vest exceeded $11 billion in fee-based assets under management, up 16 percent versus prior year
Repaid $38 million in debt and exited the quarter with a 3.3x leverage ratio down from 5.2x in the same period last year
Expect to close new credit facility in May 2017 that we believe will simplify capital structure, increase tenor and reduce interest expense by approximately $3.4 million in cash annually
Appointed two new independent directors with substantial financial services and public company board experience
“A focus on operational execution, a continued shift to profitable customers in tax preparation, and market tailwinds in wealth management have together driven double-digit revenue and segment income growth for the first quarter,” said John Clendening, Blucora’s President and Chief Executive Officer. “The strong segment performance coupled with continued debt reduction resulted in strong EPS growth. The efforts we have taken to transform and reposition our company while reducing debt are bearing fruit, which we believe will continue to become more evident as the year progresses.”
Summary Financial Performance: Q1 2017
($ in millions except per share amounts)
 
Q1
 
Q1
 
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
Change
Revenue
$
182.4

 
$
165.8

 
10
%
Wealth Management
$
82.7

 
$
77.3

 
7
%
Tax Preparation
$
99.7

 
$
88.5

 
13
%
Segment Income
$
65.0

 
$
58.5

 
11
%
Wealth Management
$
11.9

 
$
10.9

 
9
%
Tax Preparation
$
53.1

 
$
47.6

 
12
%
Unallocated Corporate Operating Expenses
$
(6.8
)
 
$
(4.7
)
 
44
%
GAAP:
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Income
$
43.9

 
$
39.4

 
11
%
Net Income Attributable to Blucora, Inc.
$
30.6

 
$
22.7

 
35
%
Diluted Net Income Per Share Attributable to Blucora, Inc. (EPS)
$
0.67

 
$
0.54

 
24
%
Non-GAAP:
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA
$
58.2

 
$
53.8

 
8
%
Net Income
$
47.4

 
$
39.3

 
21
%
Diluted Net Income Per Share (EPS)
$
1.04

 
$
0.94

 
11
%
See reconciliations of all non-GAAP to GAAP measures presented in this release in the tables below.
Tax Season Update
“This is our second year in a multi-year pivot in our TaxAct business to focus on profitable customers,” Clendening continued. “Our new strategy, utilizing our pricing power, enabled us to grow average revenue per user, increase our completion and retention rate, and improve paid mix.  We are encouraged by these metrics and believe that they reinforce the merits of our strategy of focusing on higher value customers despite that as expected, we lost share in DDIY e-files.”






(in thousands, except %s)
Tax seasons ended
 
April 18, 2017
 
April 19, 2016
 
% change
Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
Online e-files
3,958

 
4,613

 
(14
)%
Desktop e-files
184

 
234

 
(21
)%
Sub-total e-files
4,142

 
4,847

 
(15
)%
Free File Alliance e-files
164

 
158

 
4
 %
Total consumer e-files
4,306

 
5,005

 
(14
)%
Professional tax preparer:
 
 
 
 
 
E-files
1,717

 
1,630

 
5
 %
Total e-files (consumer and preparer)
6,023

 
6,635

 
(9
)%
Tax season begins on the first day that the IRS begins accepting e-files and ends on tax day +1. This information includes non-financial metrics used in measuring the performance of the consumer and professional tax preparer sides of the Tax Preparation business.
Second Quarter and Full Year 2017 Outlook
For the second quarter of 2017, the Company expects revenues to be between $135.0 million and $138.5 million, GAAP net loss attributable to Blucora, Inc. to be between $4.0 million and $0.2 million, or $(0.09) to nil per diluted share, Adjusted EBITDA to be between $39.4 million and $42.0 million, and Non-GAAP net income to be between $28.5 million and $31.5 million, or $0.63 to $0.69 per diluted share.
For the full year 2017, the Company expects revenues to be between $493.0 million and $506.0 million, GAAP net income (loss) attributable to Blucora, Inc. to be between $(3.4) million and $2.9 million, or $(0.08) to $0.06 per diluted share, Adjusted EBITDA to be between $96.0 million and $103.3 million, and Non-GAAP net income to be between $59.0 million and $66.8 million, or $1.28 to $1.45 per diluted share.
The second quarter and fiscal 2017 outlook for GAAP net income or loss attributable to Blucora assumes an estimated tax rate of approximately 20%. Our actual tax rate may differ significantly from this estimated tax rate due to our projected near break even pre-tax income, and the adoption of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Accounting (“ASU 2016-09”). In addition, our GAAP net income or loss attributable to Blucora outlook excludes any impact to tax expense for discrete items, which are affected by ASU 2016-09, and variable stock-based compensation related to grants to non-employee advisors, and including these items in our actual results when they occur may cause our actual results to differ significantly from the outlook provided.
Conference Call and Webcast
A conference call and live webcast will be held today at 8:30 a.m. Eastern Time during which the Company will further discuss first quarter results, its outlook for the second quarter and full year 2017, tax season update, and other business matters. We will also provide the prepared remarks for the conference call along with supplemental financial information to our results on the Investor Relations section of the Blucora corporate website at http://www.blucora.com prior to the call. The supplemental financial information has also been filed with the SEC on Form 8-K. A replay of the call be available on our website.






About Blucora®
Blucora, Inc. (NASDAQ: BCOR) is a leading provider of technology-enabled financial solutions to consumers, small businesses and tax professionals. Our products and services in tax preparation and wealth management, through TaxAct and HD Vest, help consumers manage their financial lives. TaxAct is an affordable digital tax preparation solution for individuals, business owners and tax professionals. HD Vest Financial Services ® supports an independent network of tax professionals who provide comprehensive financial planning solutions. For more information on Blucora or its businesses, please visit www.blucora.com.
Source: Blucora
Blucora Contact:
Bill Michalek (972) 870-6463
bill.michalek@blucora.com
This release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Actual results may differ significantly from management’s expectations due to various risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to: risks associated with the Company’s strategic transformation and the successful execution of its strategic initiatives, operating plans and marketing strategies; general economic, political, industry, and market conditions; the Company’s ability to attract and retain productive advisors; the Company’s ability to successfully make technology enhancements and introduce new products and services; information technology and cybersecurity risks; the effect of current, pending and future legislation, regulation and regulatory actions, such as the new Department of Labor rule and any changes in tax laws; dependence on third parties to distribute products and services; litigation risks; the Company’s ability to hire, retain and motivate key employees; the Company’s ability to protect its intellectual property; and financing risks, including risks related to the Company’s existing debt obligations and the closing of its proposed credit facility. A more detailed description of these and certain other factors that could affect actual results is included in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this release. The Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this release.







Blucora, Inc.
Preliminary Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Revenue:
 
 
 
Wealth management services revenue
$
82,667

 
$
77,291

Tax preparation services revenue
99,708

 
88,474

Total revenue
182,375

 
165,765

Operating expenses:
 
 
 
Cost of revenue:
 
 
 
Wealth management services cost of revenue
55,874

 
52,269

Tax preparation services cost of revenue
3,818

 
3,207

Amortization of acquired technology
48

 
667

Total cost of revenue (1)
59,740

 
56,143

Engineering and technology (1)
4,748

 
4,295

Sales and marketing (1)
48,998

 
43,837

General and administrative (1)
13,483

 
12,753

Depreciation
940

 
975

Amortization of other acquired intangible assets
8,288

 
8,316

Restructuring (1)
2,289

 

Total operating expenses
138,486

 
126,319

Operating income
43,889

 
39,446

Other loss, net (2)
(9,708
)
 
(7,514
)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
34,181

 
31,932

Income tax expense
(3,471
)
 
(11,643
)
Income from continuing operations
30,710

 
20,289

Discontinued operations, net of income taxes

 
2,522

Net income
30,710

 
22,811

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
(126
)
 
(144
)
Net income attributable to Blucora, Inc.
$
30,584

 
$
22,667

Net income per share attributable to Blucora, Inc. - basic:
 
 
 
Continuing operations
$
0.73

 
$
0.49

Discontinued operations

 
0.06

Basic net income per share
$
0.73

 
$
0.55

Net income per share attributable to Blucora, Inc. - diluted:
 
 
 
Continuing operations
$
0.67

 
$
0.48

Discontinued operations

 
0.06

Diluted net income per share
$
0.67

 
$
0.54

Weighted average shares outstanding:
 
 
 
Basic
42,145

 
41,171

Diluted
45,428

 
41,610

(1) Stock-based compensation expense was allocated among the following captions (in thousands):
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Cost of revenue
$
46

 
$
42

Engineering and technology
285

 
411

Sales and marketing
691

 
601

General and administrative
1,543

 
3,175

Restructuring
443

 

Total stock-based compensation expense
$
3,008

 
$
4,229

(2) Other loss, net consisted of the following (in thousands):
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Interest income
$
(20
)
 
$
(25
)
Interest expense
6,436

 
9,191

Amortization of debt issuance costs
387

 
610

Accretion of debt discounts
1,085

 
1,406

(Gain) loss on debt extinguishment and modification expense
1,780

 
(3,843
)
Other
40

 
175

Other loss, net
$
9,708

 
$
7,514







Blucora, Inc.
Preliminary Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands)
 
March 31,
2017
 
December 31,
2016
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
74,609

 
$
51,713

Cash segregated under federal or other regulations
1,872

 
2,355

Available-for-sale investments
160

 
7,101

Accounts receivable, net of allowance
11,448

 
10,209

Commissions receivable
15,402

 
16,144

Other receivables
2,380

 
4,004

Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net
6,800

 
6,321

Total current assets
112,671

 
97,847

Long-term assets:
 
 
 
Property and equipment, net
8,990

 
10,836

Goodwill, net
548,778

 
548,741

Other intangible assets, net
353,847

 
362,178

Other long-term assets
2,897

 
3,057

Total long-term assets
914,512

 
924,812

Total assets
$
1,027,183

 
$
1,022,659

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
7,223

 
$
4,536

Commissions and advisory fees payable
16,389

 
16,587

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
25,887

 
18,528

Deferred revenue
7,435

 
12,156

Current portion of long-term debt, net
2,560

 
2,560

Total current liabilities
59,494

 
54,367

Long-term liabilities:
 
 
 
Long-term debt, net
212,264

 
248,221

Convertible senior notes, net
165,350

 
164,176

Deferred tax liability, net
59,102

 
111,126

Deferred revenue
1,145

 
1,849

Other long-term liabilities
8,546

 
10,205

Total long-term liabilities
446,407

 
535,577

Total liabilities
505,901

 
589,944

 
 
 
 
Redeemable noncontrolling interests
15,822

 
15,696

 
 
 
 
Stockholders’ equity:
 
 
 
Common stock
4

 
4

Additional paid-in capital
1,516,421

 
1,510,152

Accumulated deficit
(1,010,628
)
 
(1,092,756
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(337
)
 
(381
)
Total stockholders’ equity
505,460

 
417,019

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
1,027,183

 
$
1,022,659







Blucora, Inc.
Preliminary Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Operating Activities:
 
 
 
Net income
$
30,710

 
$
22,811

Less: Discontinued operations, net of income taxes

 
2,522

Net income from continuing operations
30,710

 
20,289

Adjustments to reconcile net income from continuing operations to net cash from operating activities:
 
 
 
Stock-based compensation
2,565

 
4,229

Depreciation and amortization of acquired intangible assets
9,470

 
10,105

Restructuring (non-cash)
864

 

Deferred income taxes
(481
)
 
(5,127
)
Amortization of premium on investments, net
10

 
79

Amortization of debt issuance costs
387

 
610

Accretion of debt discounts
1,085

 
1,406

(Gain) loss on debt extinguishment and modification expense
1,780

 
(3,843
)
Other

 
13

Cash provided (used) by changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
(1,239
)
 
(2,967
)
Commissions receivable
742

 
1,266

Other receivables
2,198

 
20,146

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
(479
)
 
2,709

Other long-term assets
122

 
95

Accounts payable
2,687

 
5,217

Commissions and advisory fees payable
(198
)
 
(1,705
)
Deferred revenue
(5,425
)
 
(2,610
)
Accrued expenses and other current and long-term liabilities
8,102

 
18,809

Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations
52,900

 
68,721

Investing Activities:
 
 
 
Purchases of property and equipment
(1,165
)
 
(677
)
Proceeds from sales of investments
249

 

Proceeds from maturities of investments
7,092

 

Purchases of investments
(409
)
 
(403
)
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities from continuing operations
5,767

 
(1,080
)
Financing Activities:
 
 
 
Repurchase of convertible notes

 
(20,667
)
Repayment of credit facility
(38,000
)
 
(40,000
)
Proceeds from stock option exercises
4,234

 
1,088

Proceeds from issuance of stock through employee stock purchase plan
662

 
562

Tax payments from shares withheld for equity awards
(2,209
)
 
(329
)
Contingent consideration payments for business acquisition
(946
)
 

Net cash used by financing activities from continuing operations
(36,259
)
 
(59,346
)
Net cash provided by continuing operations
22,408

 
8,295

 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by operating activities from discontinued operations

 
9,795

Net cash used by investing activities from discontinued operations

 
(479
)
Net cash used by financing activities from discontinued operations

 
(5,000
)
Net cash provided by discontinued operations

 
4,316

 
 
 
 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
5

 

Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
22,413

 
12,611

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period
54,868

 
59,830

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period
$
77,281

 
$
72,441







Blucora, Inc.
Preliminary Segment Information
(Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Revenue:
 
 
 
Wealth Management (1)
$
82,667

 
$
77,291

Tax Preparation (1)
99,708

 
88,474

Total revenue
182,375

 
165,765

Operating income:
 
 
 
Wealth Management
11,853

 
10,906

Tax Preparation
53,133

 
47,573

Corporate-level activity (2)
(21,097
)
 
(19,033
)
Total operating income
43,889

 
39,446

Other loss, net
(9,708
)
 
(7,514
)
Income tax expense
(3,471
)
 
(11,643
)
Discontinued operations, net of income taxes

 
2,522

Net income
$
30,710

 
$
22,811

(1) Revenues by major category within each segment are presented below (in thousands):
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Wealth Management:
 
 
 
Commission
$
39,595

 
$
36,856

Advisory
33,576

 
31,532

Asset-based
5,966

 
5,818

Transaction and fee
3,530

 
3,085

Total Wealth Management revenue
$
82,667

 
$
77,291

Tax Preparation:
 
 
 
Consumer
$
88,242

 
$
77,471

Professional
11,466

 
11,003

Total Tax Preparation revenue
$
99,708

 
$
88,474

(2) Corporate-level activity included the following (in thousands):
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Operating expenses
$
6,773

 
$
4,699

Stock-based compensation
2,565

 
4,229

Depreciation
1,134

 
1,122

Amortization of acquired intangible assets
8,336

 
8,983

Restructuring
2,289

 

Total corporate-level activity
$
21,097

 
$
19,033







Blucora, Inc.
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to the Nearest Comparable GAAP Measures
Preliminary Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation (1) 
(Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Operating income (loss) (2)
$
43,889

 
$
39,446

Stock-based compensation
2,565

 
4,229

Depreciation and amortization of acquired intangible assets
9,470

 
10,105

Restructuring
2,289

 

Adjusted EBITDA
$
58,213

 
$
53,780

Preliminary Non-GAAP Net Income Reconciliation (1) 
(Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Net income attributable to Blucora, Inc.(2)
$
30,584

 
$
22,667

Discontinued operations, net of income taxes

 
(2,522
)
Stock-based compensation
2,565

 
4,229

Amortization of acquired intangible assets
8,336

 
8,983

Accretion of debt discount on Convertible Senior Notes
934

 
963

Accelerated accretion of debt discount on Convertible Senior Notes

 
1,628

Gain on Convertible Senior Notes repurchased

 
(7,724
)
Restructuring
2,289

 

Impact of noncontrolling interests
126

 
144

Cash tax impact of adjustments to GAAP net income
(587
)
 
339

Non-cash income tax expense (1)
3,160

 
10,579

Non-GAAP net income
$
47,407

 
$
39,286

 
 
 
 
Per diluted share:
 
 
 
Net income attributable to Blucora, Inc.
$
0.67

 
$
0.54

Discontinued operations, net of income taxes

 
(0.06
)
Stock-based compensation
0.06

 
0.10

Amortization of acquired intangible assets
0.18

 
0.23

Accretion of debt discount on Convertible Senior Notes
0.02

 
0.02

Accelerated accretion of debt discount on Convertible Senior Notes

 
0.04

Gain on Convertible Senior Notes repurchased

 
(0.19
)
Restructuring
0.05

 

Impact of noncontrolling interests
0.00

 
0.00

Cash tax impact of adjustments to GAAP net income
(0.01
)
 
0.01

Non-cash income tax expense
0.07

 
0.25

Non-GAAP net income
$
1.04

 
$
0.94

Weighted average shares outstanding used in computing per diluted share amounts
45,428

 
41,610







Preliminary Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation for Forward-Looking Guidance
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Ranges for the three months ending
 
Ranges for the year ending
 
June 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2017
Net income (loss) attributable to Blucora, Inc.
$
(4,000
)
 
$
(200
)
 
$
(3,400
)
 
$
2,900

Stock-based compensation
3,500

 
3,400

 
12,600

 
12,400

Depreciation and amortization of acquired intangible assets
9,600

 
9,400

 
38,100

 
37,900

Restructuring
700

 
600

 
3,300

 
3,100

Other loss, net (3)
25,600

 
25,300

 
45,800

 
45,400

Impact of noncontrolling interests
200

 
200

 
400

 
700

Income tax (benefit) expense
3,800

 
3,300

 
(800
)
 
900

Adjusted EBITDA
$
39,400

 
$
42,000

 
$
96,000

 
$
103,300

Preliminary Non-GAAP Net Income Reconciliation for Forward-Looking Guidance
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Ranges for the three months ending
 
Ranges for the year ending
 
June 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2017
Net income (loss) attributable to Blucora, Inc.
$
(4,000
)
 
$
(200
)
 
$
(3,400
)
 
$
2,900

Stock-based compensation
3,500

 
3,400

 
12,600

 
12,400

Amortization of acquired intangible assets
8,400

 
8,300

 
33,400

 
33,300

Accretion of debt discount on Convertible Senior Notes
800

 
800

 
1,800

 
1,800

Loss on debt extinguishment and modification expense
16,100

 
16,100

 
16,100

 
16,100

Restructuring
700

 
600

 
3,300

 
3,100

Impact of noncontrolling interests
200

 
200

 
400

 
700

Cash tax impact of adjustments to net income (loss)

 

 
(600
)
 
(600
)
Non-cash income tax (benefit) expense
2,800

 
2,300

 
(4,600
)
 
(2,900
)
Non-GAAP net income
$
28,500

 
$
31,500

 
$
59,000

 
$
66,800







Notes to Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to the Nearest Comparable GAAP Measures

(1) We define Adjusted EBITDA as operating income, determined in accordance with GAAP, excluding the effects of depreciation, amortization of acquired intangible assets (including acquired technology), stock-based compensation, and restructuring costs. Restructuring costs relate to the upcoming move of our corporate headquarters, which was announced in the fourth quarter of 2016.

We believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides meaningful supplemental information regarding our performance. We use this non-GAAP financial measure for internal management and compensation purposes, when publicly providing guidance on possible future results, and as a means to evaluate period-to-period comparisons. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is a common measure used by investors and analysts to evaluate our performance, that it provides a more complete understanding of the results of operations and trends affecting our business when viewed together with GAAP results, and that management and investors benefit from referring to this non-GAAP financial measure. Items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA are significant and necessary components to the operations of our business and, therefore, Adjusted EBITDA should be considered as a supplement to, and not as a substitute for or superior to, GAAP net income. Other companies may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently and, therefore, our Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies.

We define non-GAAP net income as net income attributable to Blucora, Inc., determined in accordance with GAAP, excluding the effects of discontinued operations, stock-based compensation, amortization of acquired intangible assets (including acquired technology), accretion of debt discount and accelerated accretion of debt discount on the Convertible Senior Notes, gain on Convertible Senior Notes repurchased, restructuring costs, the impact of noncontrolling interests, the related cash tax impact of those adjustments, and non-cash income taxes. Restructuring costs relate to the upcoming move of our corporate headquarters, which was announced in the fourth quarter of 2016. We exclude the non-cash portion of income taxes because of our ability to offset a substantial portion of our cash tax liabilities by using deferred tax assets, which primarily consist of U.S. federal net operating losses. The majority of these net operating losses will expire, if unutilized, between 2020 and 2024.

We believe that non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per share provide meaningful supplemental information to management, investors, and analysts regarding our performance and the valuation of our business by excluding items in the statement of operations that we do not consider part of our ongoing operations or have not been, or are not expected to be, settled in cash. Additionally, we believe that non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per share are common measures used by investors and analysts to evaluate our performance and the valuation of our business. Non-GAAP net income should be evaluated in light of our financial results prepared in accordance with GAAP and should be considered as a supplement to, and not as a substitute for or superior to, GAAP net income. Other companies may calculate non-GAAP net income differently, and, therefore, our non-GAAP net income may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies.

(2) As presented in the Preliminary Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited).

(3) Other loss, net primarily includes items such as interest income, interest expense, amortization of debt issuance costs, accretion of debt discounts, and gain/loss on debt extinguishment and modification expense.