BLUCORA, INC. - FORM 10-Q

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EX-32.2 - EXHIBIT 32.2 - BLUCORA, INC.	ex-32210xqq12018.htm
EX-32.1 - EXHIBIT 32.1 - BLUCORA, INC.	ex-32110xqq12018.htm
EX-31.2 - EXHIBIT 31.2 - BLUCORA, INC.	ex-31210xqq12018.htm
EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - BLUCORA, INC.	ex-31110xqq12018.htm

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q



ý	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018



o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 000-25131

BLUCORA, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware	91-1718107
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
6333 State Hwy 161, 6th Floor, Irving, Texas	75038
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (972) 870-6000

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ý Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). ý Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	ý	Accelerated filer	o
Non-accelerated filer	o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	o
		Emerging growth company	o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). o Yes ý No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.



	Outstanding at
Class	May 2, 2018
Common Stock, Par Value $0.0001	46,980,636

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TABLE OF CONTENTS



PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION		Page
Item 1.	Financial Statements	3
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	4
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	17
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	31
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	31

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	31
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	31
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	33
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	33
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	33
Item 5.	Other Information	33
Item 6.	Exhibits	34

Signatures		35

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. The statements in this report that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “plan,” “expect,” “future,” “intend,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue,” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that the statement is not forward-looking. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding:


•	our ability to effectively implement our future business plans and growth strategy, including our ability to achieve the anticipated benefits of our Strategic Transformation (as defined below);


•	our ability to effectively compete within our industry;


•	our ability to attract and retain customers, as well as our ability to provide strong customer service;


•	our future capital requirements and the availability of financing, if necessary;


•	our ability to meet our current and future debt service obligations, including our ability to maintain compliance with our debt covenants;


•	our ability to generate strong investment performance for our customers and the impact of the financial markets on our customers’ portfolios;


•	political and economic conditions and events that directly or indirectly impact the wealth management and tax preparation industries;


•	our ability to attract and retain productive financial advisors;


•	our ability to respond to rapid technological changes, including our ability successfully release new products and services or improve upon existing products and services;


•	our expectations concerning the revenues we generate from fees associated with the financial products that we distribute;


•	our ability to comply with regulations applicable to the wealth management and tax preparation industries, including increased costs associated with new or changing regulations;


•	our ability to successfully transition our wealth management business to a new clearing platform and our expectations concerning the benefits that may be derived therefrom;


•	risks associated with the use and implementation of information technology and the effect of security breaches, computer viruses and computer hacking attacks;


•	our ability to comply with laws and regulations regarding privacy and protection of user data;


•	our ability to maintain our relationships with third party partners, providers, suppliers, vendors, distributors, contractors, financial institutions and licensing partners;


•	our beliefs and expectations regarding the seasonality of our business;


•	risks associated with litigation;


•	our ability to attract and retain qualified employees;


•	our assessments and estimates that determine our effective tax rate;


•	the impact of new or changing tax legislation on our business and our ability to attract and retain customers;


•	our ability to develop, establish and maintain strong brands;


•	our ability to protect our intellectual property and the impact of any claim that we have infringed on the intellectual property rights of others; and


•	our ability to effectively integrate companies or assets that we acquire.

Forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our results, levels of activity, performance, achievements, and prospects to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks, uncertainties, and other factors include, among others, the risk factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, as supplemented by the those identified under Part II, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this report, as well as in the Company's other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You should not rely on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect new information, events, or circumstances after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law.

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

BLUCORA, INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except per share data)



	March 31, 2018			December 31, 2017
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	77,107		$	59,965
Cash segregated under federal or other regulations	1,314			1,371
Accounts receivable, net of allowance	12,655			10,694
Commissions receivable	17,062			16,822
Other receivables	592			3,180
Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net	7,534			7,365
Total current assets	116,264			99,397
Long-term assets:
Property and equipment, net	8,769			9,831
Goodwill, net	548,916			549,037
Other intangible assets, net	319,841			328,205
Other long-term assets	16,282			15,201
Total long-term assets	893,808			902,274
Total assets	$	1,010,072		$	1,001,671
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	7,703		$	4,413
Commissions and advisory fees payable	17,535			17,813
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	20,168			19,577
Deferred revenue	4,195			9,953
Total current liabilities	49,601			51,756
Long-term liabilities:
Long-term debt, net	299,078			338,081
Deferred tax liability, net	42,684			43,433
Deferred revenue	500			804
Other long-term liabilities	6,830			8,177
Total long-term liabilities	349,092			390,495
Total liabilities	398,693			442,251

Redeemable noncontrolling interests	18,238			18,033

Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)

Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, par $0.0001—authorized shares, 900,000; issued and outstanding shares,
46,828 and 46,366	5			5
Additional paid-in capital	1,560,262			1,555,560
Accumulated deficit	(966,985		)	(1,014,174		)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(141		)	(4		)
Total stockholders’ equity	593,141			541,387
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,010,072		$	1,001,671

See accompanying notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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BLUCORA, INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands, except per share data)



	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Revenue:
Wealth management services revenue	$	92,082		$	82,667
Tax preparation services revenue	113,883			99,708
Total revenue	205,965			182,375
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue:
Wealth management services cost of revenue	63,067			55,874
Tax preparation services cost of revenue	4,353			3,818
Amortization of acquired technology	50			48
Total cost of revenue	67,470			59,740
Engineering and technology	5,131			4,748
Sales and marketing	55,253			48,998
General and administrative	14,866			13,483
Depreciation	1,915			940
Amortization of other acquired intangible assets	8,307			8,288
Restructuring	289			2,289
Total operating expenses	153,231			138,486
Operating income	52,734			43,889
Other loss, net	(5,228		)	(9,708		)
Income before income taxes	47,506			34,181
Income tax expense	(1,963		)	(3,471		)
Net income	45,543			30,710
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(205		)	(126		)
Net income attributable to Blucora, Inc.	$	45,338		$	30,584
Net income per share attributable to Blucora, Inc.:
Basic	$	0.97		$	0.73
Diluted	$	0.93		$	0.67
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	46,641			42,145
Diluted	48,665			45,428
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net income	$	45,543		$	30,710
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments, net of tax	—			1
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(137		)	43
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(137		)	44
Comprehensive income	45,406			30,754
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(205		)	(126		)
Comprehensive income attributable to Blucora, Inc.	$	45,201		$	30,628

See accompanying notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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BLUCORA, INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)



	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Operating Activities:
Net income	$	45,543		$	30,710
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Stock-based compensation	2,958			2,565
Depreciation and amortization of acquired intangible assets	10,359			9,470
Restructuring (non-cash)	—			864
Deferred income taxes	(749		)	(481		)
Amortization of premium on investments, net, and debt issuance costs	202			397
Accretion of debt discounts	47			1,085
Loss on debt extinguishment	776			1,780
Cash provided (used) by changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(1,961		)	(1,239		)
Commissions receivable	(240		)	742
Other receivables	2,588			2,198
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(319		)	(479		)
Other long-term assets	(1,109		)	122
Accounts payable	3,290			2,687
Commissions and advisory fees payable	(278		)	(198		)
Deferred revenue	(4,213		)	(5,425		)
Accrued expenses and other current and long-term liabilities	556			8,102
Net cash provided by operating activities	57,450			52,900
Investing Activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(940		)	(1,165		)
Proceeds from sales of investments	—			249
Proceeds from maturities of investments	—			7,092
Purchases of investments	—			(409		)
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities	(940		)	5,767
Financing Activities:
Payments on credit facilities	(40,000		)	(38,000		)
Proceeds from stock option exercises	2,534			4,234
Proceeds from issuance of stock through employee stock purchase plan	703			662
Tax payments from shares withheld for equity awards	(1,493		)	(2,209		)
Contingent consideration payments for business acquisition	(1,313		)	(946		)
Net cash used by financing activities	(39,569		)	(36,259		)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(6		)	5
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	16,935			22,413
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period	62,311			54,868
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period	$	79,246		$	77,281

Cash paid for income taxes	$	457		$	284
Cash paid for interest	$	4,188		$	4,504

See accompanying notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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BLUCORA, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1: Description of the Business

Description of the business: Blucora, Inc. (the "Company" or "Blucora") operates two businesses: a Wealth Management business and an online Tax Preparation business. The Wealth Management business consists of the operations of HDV Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries ("HD Vest"). HDV Holdings, Inc. is the parent company of the Wealth Management business and owns all outstanding shares of HD Vest, Inc., which serves as a holding company for the various financial services subsidiaries. Those subsidiaries include HD Vest Investment Securities, Inc. (an introducing broker-dealer), H.D. Vest Advisory Services, Inc. (a registered investment adviser), and H.D. Vest Insurance Agency, LLC (an insurance broker) (collectively referred to as the "Wealth Management business" or the "Wealth Management segment"). The Tax Preparation business consists of the operations of TaxAct, Inc. and its subsidiary ("TaxAct") and provides digital tax preparation solutions for consumers, small business owners, and tax professionals through its website www.TaxAct.com (collectively referred to as the "Tax Preparation business" or the "Tax Preparation segment").

On October 14, 2015, the Company announced its plans to focus on the technology-enabled financial solutions market (the "Strategic Transformation"). Strategic Transformation refers to the Company's transformation into a technology-enabled financial solutions company comprised of TaxAct and HD Vest and the divestitures of the Company's previously operated Search and Content and E-Commerce businesses in 2016. As part of the Strategic Transformation and "One Company" operating model, the Company relocated its corporate headquarters from Bellevue, Washington to Irving, Texas during 2017. The actions to relocate the Company's corporate headquarters were intended to drive efficiencies and improve operational effectiveness. The restructuring is now substantially complete and is expected to be fully completed in the first half of 2018.

Segments: The Company has two reportable segments: the Wealth Management segment, which consists of the HD Vest business, and the Tax Preparation segment, which consists of the TaxAct business.

Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Interim financial information: The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company under the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") for interim financial reporting. These consolidated financial statements are unaudited and, in management’s opinion, include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments and accruals, necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") have been omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in Part II Item 8 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash: The following table presents cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as reported on the consolidated balance sheets that equal the total amounts on the consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands):



	March 31,				December 31,
	2018		2017		2017
Cash and cash equivalents	$	77,107	$	74,609	$	59,965
Cash segregated under federal or other regulations	1,314		1,872		1,371
Restricted cash included in "Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net"	275		250		425
Restricted cash included in "Other long-term assets"	550		550		550
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	79,246	$	77,281	$	62,311

Cash segregated under federal and other regulations is held in a separate bank account for the exclusive benefit of the Company’s wealth management customers. Restricted cash included in prepaid expenses and other current assets, net and other long-term assets represents amounts pledged as collateral for certain of the Company's banking arrangements.

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Fair value of financial instruments: The Company measures its cash equivalents and contingent consideration liability at fair value. The Company considers the carrying values of accounts receivable, commissions receivable, other receivables, prepaid expenses, other current assets, accounts payable, commissions and advisory fees payable, accrued expenses, and other current liabilities to approximate fair values primarily due to their short-term natures.

Cash equivalents are classified within Level 2 (see "Note 5: Fair Value Measurements") of the fair value hierarchy because the Company values them utilizing market observable inputs. Unrealized gains and losses are included in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" on the consolidated balance sheets, and amounts reclassified out of comprehensive income into net income are determined on the basis of specific identification.

The Company has a contingent consideration liability that is related to the Company's 2015 acquisition of SimpleTax Software Inc. ("SimpleTax") and is classified within Level 3 (see "Note 5: Fair Value Measurements") of the fair value hierarchy because the Company values it utilizing significant inputs not observable in the market. Specifically, the Company has determined the fair value of the contingent consideration liability based on a probability-weighted discounted cash flow analysis, which includes assumptions related to estimating revenues, the probability of payment, and the discount rate. The change in the fair value of the contingent consideration liability is recognized in "General and administrative" expense on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the period in which the fair value changes. The Company accounts for contingent consideration in accordance with applicable accounting guidance pertaining to business combinations

Concentration of credit risk: Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents, short-term investments, trade accounts receivable, and commissions receivable. These instruments are generally unsecured and uninsured.

For cash equivalents, short-term investments, and commissions receivable, the Company attempts to manage exposure to counterparty credit risk by only entering into agreements with major financial institutions and investment sponsors that are expected to be able to fully perform under the terms of the agreement.

Accounts receivable are typically unsecured and are derived from revenues earned from customers primarily located in the United States operating in a variety of geographic areas. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and maintains allowances for potential credit losses.

Property and equipment, net: In the first quarter of 2018, the Company determined that certain of its internally-developed software fixed assets would not be used as long as previously estimated and recognized $1.1 million of depreciation expense after shortening the estimated useful lives of those assets.

Recent accounting pronouncements: Changes to GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") in the form of accounting standards updates ("ASUs") to the FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"). The Company considers the applicability and impact of all recent ASUs. ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations. The Company currently is evaluating, or has adopted, ASUs that impact the following areas:

Revenue recognition (ASC 606) - In May 2014, the FASB issued guidance codified in ASC 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" ("ASC 606"), which amends the guidance in former ASC 605 "Revenue Recognition." The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services by using a five-step process. This guidance is effective on a retrospective basis--either to each reporting period presented or with the cumulative effect of initially applying this guidance recognized at the date of initial application--for annual reporting periods, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2017.

The Company now recognizes certain licensing fees on a net basis, which reduced both transaction and fee revenues and operating expenses by $0.4 million on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Had the Company not adopted this ASU, total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2018 would have been $1.1 million higher than reported on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

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Prior periods were not retrospectively adjusted, and the Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with original expected durations of one year or less.

Leases (ASU 2016-02) - In February 2016, the FASB issued an ASU on lease accounting, whereby lease assets and liabilities, whether arising from leases that are considered operating or finance (capital) and have a term of twelve months or less, will be recognized on the balance sheet. Enhanced qualitative disclosures also will be required. This guidance is effective on a modified retrospective basis--with various practical expedients related to leases that commenced before the effective date--for annual reporting periods, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The Company expects that the adoption of this ASU will not have a material impact to its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures, and it will adopt this ASU on January 1, 2019.

Measurement of Credit Losses - In June 2016, the FASB issued an ASU which requires companies to measure credit losses utilizing a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires a consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including those interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting this ASU, but based on a preliminary assessment, does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Note 3: Impact of Revenue Recognition Accounting Pronouncement

See "Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for a discussion of the new revenue recognition standard, ASC 606, adopted by the Company on January 1, 2018.

The Company adopted the requirements of the new standard on January 1, 2018, utilizing the modified retrospective transition method. Upon adoption, the Company recognized a $1.8 million cumulative effect of adopting this ASU as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings and deferred revenues. Additionally, the Company now recognizes certain licensing fees on a net basis, which reduced both transaction and fee revenues and operating expenses by $0.4 million on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Had the Company not adopted this ASU, total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2018 would have been $1.1 million higher than reported on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Prior periods were not retrospectively adjusted, and the Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with original expected durations of one year or less.

Wealth management revenue recognition: Wealth management revenue consists primarily of advisory revenue, commission revenue, asset-based revenue, and transaction and fee revenue. The Company’s wealth management revenues are earned from customers primarily located in the United States.

Wealth management revenue details are as follows:

Advisory revenue - Advisory revenue includes fees charged to clients in advisory accounts where the Company is the Registered Investment Adviser. These fees are based on the value of assets within these advisory accounts. Advisory revenues are deferred and recognized ratably over the period (typically quarterly) in which the performance obligations, which are defined in ASC 606 as promises to transfer goods or services, have been completed.

Commission revenue - Commissions represent amounts generated by the Company's clients' purchases and sales of securities and various investment products. The Company serves as the registered broker/dealer or insurance agent for those trades. The Company generates two types of commissions: transaction-based sales commissions that occur on the trade date, which is when the Company's performance obligations have been substantially completed, as well as trailing commissions which are paid to the Company (typically in arrears on a quarterly basis) based on the clients' account balance, rather than a per-transaction fee.

Asset-based revenue - Asset-based revenue primarily includes fees from financial product manufacturer sponsorship programs, cash sweep programs and other asset-based revenues, primarily including margin revenues, and are recognized ratably over the period in which services are provided.

Transaction and fee revenue - Transaction and fee revenue primarily includes support fees charged to advisers, which are recognized over time as those services are provided, fees charged for executing certain transactions in client accounts, which are recognized on a trade-date basis, and other fees related to services provided and other account charges as generally outlined

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in agreements with financial advisers, clients, and financial institutions, which are recognized as services are performed or as earned, as applicable. Due to the adoption of ASC 606, the Company now recognizes certain licensing fees on a net basis, which reduced both transaction and fee revenues and operating expenses by $0.4 million for the quarter ending March 31, 2018, on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Details of wealth management revenues that are regularly reviewed by the Company’s chief operating decision maker are:



Wealth Management Segment Revenues
	Three months ended March 31, 2018
	Advisory revenue		Commission revenue		Asset-based revenue		Transaction and Fee revenue		Total Segment Revenue
Revenues recognized upon transaction (point in time)	$	—	$	18,345	$	—	$	961	$	19,306
Revenues recognized over time	39,301		24,525		7,172		1,778		72,776
Total	$	39,301	$	42,870	$	7,172	$	2,739	$	92,082

Tax preparation revenue recognition: The Company derives revenue from the sale of tax preparation online services, ancillary services, packaged tax preparation software, and arrangements that may include a combination of these items. Ancillary services include tax preparation support services, e-filing services, bank or reloadable pre-paid debit card services, and other value-added services, including enhanced tax and wealth management services through HD Vest. The Company’s tax preparation revenues are earned from customers primarily located in the United States.

Tax preparation revenue details are as follows:

Consumer revenue - Consumer revenue includes revenue associated with the Company’s online software products, downloadable or shipped desktop software products, add-on services such as refund payment transfer services, bank or reloadable pre-paid debit card services and audit defense services.

Online revenues include revenues associated with the Company’s online software products sold to customers and businesses primarily for the preparation of individual or business tax returns, and are generally recognized when customers and businesses complete and file returns.

Desktop revenues primarily include revenues from all downloadable or shipped software products and are generally recognized when customers download the software or when the software ships.

Add-on services are revenues related to services such as refund payment transfer services, bank or reloadable pre-paid debit card services and audit defense services, and are generally recognized as customers complete and file returns. The Company recognized a $1.8 million cumulative effect of adopting ASC 606 related to add-on services revenues, as those revenues do not have separate performance obligations under the new pronouncement, as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings and deferred revenues on the consolidated balance sheets.

Professional revenue - Professional revenues include revenues associated with the Company’s desktop software products sold to tax return preparers who utilize the Company’s offerings to service end customers and are generally recognized when customers download the software or when the software ships. Professional customers have the option to elect an unlimited e-filing package or a pay-per-return package. As the unlimited e-filing package can be re-used, those revenues are recognized over an estimated filing timeline. Revenues from the pay-per-return package are recognized when customers complete and file returns.

Details of tax preparation revenues that are regularly reviewed by the Company’s chief operating decision maker are:



Tax Preparation Segment Revenues	Three months ended March 31, 2018
	Consumer		Professional		Total Segment Revenues
Revenues recognized upon transaction (point in time)	$	101,912	$	10,396	$	112,308
Revenues recognized over time	—		1,575		1,575
Total	$	101,912	$	11,971	$	113,883

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Note 4: Restructuring

The following table summarizes the activity in the restructuring liability (in thousands), resulting from the relocation of the Company's corporate headquarters to Irving, Texas as part of the Strategic Transformation:



	Employee-Related Termination Costs			Contract Termination Costs			Fixed Asset Impairments		Stock-Based Compensation		Other Costs		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2017	$	1,202		$	681		$	—	$	—	$	—	1,883
Restructuring charges	289			—			—		—		—		289
Payments	(1,154		)	(69		)	—		—		—		(1,223		)
Non-cash	—			—			—		—		—		—
Balance as of March 31, 2018	$	337		$	612		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	949

Employee-related termination costs primarily include severance benefits, under both ongoing and one-time benefit arrangements that were paid at termination dates throughout 2017 and 2018, with the majority paid in the second half of 2017. Contract termination costs and fixed asset impairments were incurred in connection with the Bellevue facility's operating lease and related fixed assets, which are described further in the next two paragraphs, respectively. Stock-based compensation primarily includes the impact of equity award modifications associated with employment contracts for certain individuals impacted by the relocation, as well as forfeitures that were recorded for severed employees. Other costs include office relocation costs.

The Company has a non-cancelable operating lease that runs through 2020 for its former corporate headquarters in Bellevue, Washington, which the Company occupied until May 2017. In March 2017, the Company agreed to a sublease for the entire Bellevue facility, which was effective June 1, 2017 and expires on September 30, 2020, consistent with the underlying operating lease. Under that sublease agreement, the Company will not recover all of its remaining lease rental obligations (including common area maintenance costs and real estate taxes) and, therefore, recognized a loss on sublease of $1.1 million. The Company also wrote-off its $1.5 million deferred rent liability (a non-cash item), related to various lease incentives that had been provided originally by the landlord, and incurred broker commissions related to the sublease agreement. All of these items were recorded as contract termination costs in the first quarter of 2017.

The Company began receiving sublease offers in the first quarter of 2017, at which point it was indicated that the remaining lease rental obligations, and the related value for the leasehold improvements and the office furniture and equipment, would not be fully recovered. As a result and given the nature of these fixed assets, the Company fully impaired the $1.9 million carrying value of those assets in the first quarter of 2017.

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Note 5: Fair Value Measurements

In accordance with ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures", certain of the Company's assets and liabilities, which are carried at fair value, are classified in one of the following three categories:

Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Observable market-based inputs, other than Level 1, or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data and reflect the Company’s own assumptions.

The fair value hierarchy of the Company’s assets and liabilities carried at fair value and measured on a recurring basis was as follows (in thousands):



			Fair value measurements at the reporting date using
	March 31, 2018		Quoted prices in active markets using identical assets (Level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)		Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents: money market and other funds	$	10,894	$	—	$	10,894	$	—
Total assets at fair value	$	10,894	$	—	$	10,894	$	—
Acquisition-related contingent consideration liability	$	1,348	$	—	$	—	$	1,348
Total liabilities at fair value	$	1,348	$	—	$	—	$	1,348



			Fair value measurements at the reporting date using
	December 31, 2017		Quoted prices in active markets using identical assets (Level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)		Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
Cash equivalents: money market and other funds	$	10,857	$	—	$	10,857	$	—
Total assets at fair value	$	10,857	$	—	$	10,857	$	—

Acquisition-related contingent consideration liability	$	2,689	$	—	$	—	$	2,689
Total liabilities at fair value	$	2,689	$	—	$	—	$	2,689

A reconciliation of Level 3 items measured at fair value on a recurring basis is as follows (in thousands):



Acquisition-related contingent consideration liability:
Balance as of December 31, 2017	$	2,689
Payment	(1,315		)
Foreign currency transaction gain	(26		)
Balance as of March 31, 2018	$	1,348

The contingent consideration liability is related to the Company's 2015 acquisition of SimpleTax, and the related payments that began in 2017 and are expected to continue annually through 2019. As of March 31, 2018, the Company could be required to pay up to an undiscounted amount of $1.3 million. This liability is included within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because the Company values it utilizing inputs not observable in the market. Specifically, the Company has determined the fair value of the contingent consideration liability based on a probability-weighted discounted cash flow analysis, which includes assumptions related to estimating revenues, the probability of payment (100%), and the discount rate (9%). A decrease in estimated revenues or an increase in the discount rate would decrease the fair value of the contingent consideration liability. As of March 31, 2018, $1.3 million of the contingent consideration liability was included in "Accrued expenses and other current liabilities" on the consolidated balance sheets.

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Note 6: Debt

The Company’s debt consisted of the following (in thousands):



	March 31, 2018										December 31, 2017
	Principal amount		Discount			Debt issuance costs			Net carrying value		Principal amount		Discount			Debt issuance costs			Net carrying value
Senior secured credit facility	$	305,000	$	(1,246	)	$	(4,676	)	$	299,078	$	345,000	$	(1,455	)	$	(5,464	)	$	338,081
Total debt	$	305,000	$	(1,246	)	$	(4,676	)	$	299,078	$	345,000	$	(1,455	)	$	(5,464	)	$	338,081

Senior secured credit facility: In May 2017, Blucora entered into a credit agreement with a syndicate of lenders in order to (a) refinance the credit facilities previously entered into in 2015 to finance the HD Vest acquisition (the "TaxAct - HD Vest 2015 credit facility"), (b) redeem its Convertible Senior Notes that were outstanding at the time, and (c) provide a term loan and revolving line of credit for future working capital, capital expenditure and general business purposes (the "Blucora senior secured credit facilities"). Consequently, the TaxAct - HD Vest 2015 credit facility was repaid in full and the commitments thereunder were terminated. The Blucora senior secured credit facilities in the aggregate amount of $425.0 million consist of a committed $50.0 million revolving credit facility (including a letter of credit sub-facility) and a $375.0 million term loan facility, and mature in May 22, 2022 and May 22, 2024, respectively. Obligations under the Blucora senior secured credit facilities are guaranteed by certain of Blucora's subsidiaries and secured by the assets of Blucora and those subsidiaries. The Blucora senior secured credit facilities include financial and operating covenants, including a consolidated total net leverage ratio, which are set forth in detail in the credit facility agreement. As of March 31, 2018, Blucora was in compliance with all of the financial and operating covenants.

Principal payments on the term loan are payable quarterly in an amount equal to 0.25% of the initial outstanding principal. Under the initial term loan, the applicable interest rate margin was 3.75% for Eurodollar Rate loans and 2.75% for ABR loans. In November 2017, the credit facility agreement was amended in order to refinance and reprice the initial term loan, such that the applicable interest rate margin is 3.00% for Eurodollar Rate loans and 2.00% for ABR loans. In the first quarter of 2018, Blucora made prepayments of $40.0 million towards the term loan.

Depending on Blucora’s Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the credit facility agreement), the applicable interest rate margin on the revolving credit facility is from 2.75% to 3.00% for Eurodollar Rate loans and 1.75% to 2.00% for ABR loans. Interest is payable at the end of each interest period. As of March 31, 2018 Blucora had not borrowed any amounts under the revolving credit facility.

Blucora also has the right to prepay the term loan or outstanding amounts under the revolving credit facility without any premium or penalty (other than customary Eurodollar breakage costs). Prepayments of the term loan are subject to certain prepayment minimums. Beginning with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2018, Blucora may be required to make annual prepayments of the term loan in an amount equal to a percentage of excess cash flow of Blucora during the applicable fiscal year from 0% to 50%, depending on the Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the credit facility agreement) for such fiscal year.

As of March 31, 2018, the credit facility's principal amount approximated its fair value as it is a variable rate instrument and the current applicable margin approximates current market conditions.

Note 7: Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

In connection with the 2015 acquisition of HD Vest, management of that business has retained an ownership interest. The Company is party to put and call arrangements, exercisable beginning in the first quarter of 2019, with respect to these interests. These put and call arrangements allow certain members of HD Vest management to require the Company to purchase their interests or allow the Company to acquire such interests, respectively. The put arrangements do not meet the definition of a derivative instrument as the put agreements do not provide for net settlement. To the extent that the redemption value of these interests exceeds the value determined by adjusting the carrying value for the subsidiary's attribution of net income (loss), the value of such interests is adjusted to the redemption value with a corresponding adjustment to additional paid-in capital.

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A reconciliation of redeemable noncontrolling interests is as follows (in thousands):



Balance as of December 31, 2017	$	18,033
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	205
Balance as of March 31, 2018	$	18,238

The redemption amount at March 31, 2018 was $13.5 million.

Note 8: Commitments and Contingencies

Significant events during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, outside of the ordinary course of the Company’s business, include debt activity (as discussed further in "Note 6: Debt"), payment of a portion of the acquisition-related contingent consideration liability (as discussed further in "Note 5: Fair Value Measurements"), and estimated sublease income of $3.2 million primarily related to the sublease agreement for the Bellevue facility (as discussed further in "Note 4: Restructuring"). Additional information on the Company’s Commitments and Contingencies can be found in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Litigation: From time to time, the Company is subject to various legal proceedings or claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues a liability when management believes that it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Following is a brief description of the more significant legal proceedings. Although the Company believes that resolving such claims, individually or in aggregate, will not have a material adverse impact on its financial statements, these matters are subject to inherent uncertainties.

On December 12, 2016, a shareholder derivative action was filed by Jeffrey Tilden against the Company, as a nominal defendant, Andrew Snyder, who was a director of the Company at that time, certain companies affiliated with Mr. Snyder, a former officer of the Company, GCA Savvian Advisors, LLC ("GCA Savvian"), and certain other current and former members of the Company's Board of Directors, in the Superior Court of the State of California in and for the County of San Francisco. The complaint asserted claims for breaches of fiduciary duty against certain current and former directors of the Company related to the Company’s share repurchases and the Company’s acquisitions of HD Vest and Monoprice. The complaint asserted a claim against GCA Savvian, the Company’s financial advisor in connection with the HD Vest acquisition, for aiding and abetting breaches of fiduciary duty. The complaint also asserted a claim for insider trading against Mr. Snyder, a former director of the Company, and certain companies affiliated with Mr. Snyder. The derivative action did not seek monetary damages from the Company. The complaint sought corporate governance reforms, declaratory relief, monetary damages from the other defendants, attorney’s fees and prejudgment interest.

On March 10, 2017, the Company filed a motion to dismiss for improper venue as a result of a forum selection provision in the Company’s bylaws that required the plaintiff to file his derivative fiduciary duty claims in Delaware. Other defendants also filed motions to quash the summons due to a lack of personal jurisdiction over them. On July 25, 2017, the Court granted the Company's motion to dismiss. The case was stayed by the Court until November 22, 2017 so that Tilden could file a complaint in Delaware, after which the case was dismissed without further order of the Court.

On November 21, 2017, Tilden filed a shareholder derivative action in the Delaware Court of Chancery asserting the same claims against the same defendants and seeking the same relief as the San Francisco Superior Court lawsuit. On January 31, 2018, Blucora filed a motion to dismiss the Delaware complaint. The motion has been fully-briefed and the Court of Chancery has scheduled a hearing on the motion for July 11, 2018.

The Company has entered into indemnification agreements in the ordinary course of business with its officers and directors, and the agreement entered into with GCA Savvian in connection with the acquisition of HD Vest also contained indemnification provisions. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company may be obligated to advance payment of legal fees and costs incurred by the defendants pursuant to the Company’s obligations under these indemnification agreements and applicable Delaware law.

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Note 9: Stockholders’ Equity

Stock-based compensation: The Company included the following amounts for stock-based compensation expense, which related to stock options, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), and the Company’s employee stock purchase plan ("ESPP"), in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2018		2017
Cost of revenue	$	259	$	46
Engineering and technology	210		285
Sales and marketing	516		691
General and administrative	1,973		1,543
Restructuring	—		443
Total	$	2,958	$	3,008

In the second quarter of 2017, the Company granted 350,000 non-qualified stock options to certain HD Vest financial advisors, who are considered non-employees. These stock options vest fully three years from the date of grant. The Company used the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation method to calculate stock-based compensation, using assumptions for the risk-free interest rate, expected dividend yield, expected volatility, and expected life under the same methodology that is used for employee grants. Since these are non-employee grants, stock-based compensation expense will be remeasured at the end of each quarter. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, stock-based compensation expense for these non-employees was $0.2 million, and was recorded in "Cost of revenue" on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Total net shares issued for stock options exercised, RSUs vested, and shares purchased pursuant to the ESPP were as follows (in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2018	2017
Stock options exercised	320	567
RSUs vested	106	147
Shares purchased pursuant to ESPP	36	76
Total	462	790

Note 10: Segment Information

The Company has two reportable segments: the Wealth Management segment and the Tax Preparation segment. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer is its chief operating decision maker and reviews financial information presented on a disaggregated basis. This information is used for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance.

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Information on reportable segments currently presented to the Company’s chief operating decision maker and a reconciliation to consolidated net income are presented below (in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Revenue:
Wealth Management	$	92,082		$	82,667
Tax Preparation	113,883			99,708
Total revenue	205,965			182,375
Operating income:
Wealth Management	13,075			11,853
Tax Preparation	58,806			53,133
Corporate-level activity	(19,147		)	(21,097		)
Total operating income	52,734			43,889
Other loss, net	(5,228		)	(9,708		)
Income tax expense	(1,963		)	(3,471		)
Net income	$	45,543		$	30,710

Revenues by major category within each segment are presented below (in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2018		2017
Wealth Management:
Commission	$	42,870	$	39,595
Advisory	39,301		33,576
Asset-based	7,172		5,966
Transaction and fee	2,739		3,530
Total Wealth Management revenue	$	92,082	$	82,667
Tax Preparation:
Consumer	$	101,912	$	88,242
Professional	11,971		11,466
Total Tax Preparation revenue	$	113,883	$	99,708

Note 11: Income Taxes

The Company provides income taxes for the various jurisdictions in which it operates. The income tax expense or benefit reflects the income tax effects of financial reporting income, permanent differences between financial reporting income and taxable income, and the effects of the change in the valuation allowance applied to its deferred tax assets. At the end of each quarterly reporting period, the Company estimates the income, permanent differences, changes in the deferred tax assets and the related change to its valuation allowance, and the effective income tax rate that it expects for the full year.

Each quarterly reporting period, the Company applies the expected effective income tax rate to financial reporting income recorded in its financial statements on a year-to-date basis and records the change in expected income taxes as income tax expense or benefit. The Company reflects the tax effect of any tax law changes and certain other discrete events in the period in which they occur.

The expected annual effective tax rate may vary during each quarterly reporting period due to a number of factors, including the effects from any forecasted permanent differences between financial reporting and tax reporting, enactment of tax legislation in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates, and certain other discrete events.

The Company recorded income tax expense of $2.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2018. Income taxes differed from taxes at the statutory rates in 2018 primarily due to the release of the current portion of valuation allowances. The Company recorded income tax expense of $3.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2017. Income taxes differed

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from taxes at the statutory rates in 2017 primarily due to the January 1, 2017 implementation of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-09 on stock-based compensation, which did not impact the three months ended March 31, 2018. Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31 2018 was lower than the prior period, primarily due to the impact of state income taxes.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Legislation”) was enacted on December 22, 2017, reducing the U.S. corporate federal income tax rate to 21% from 35%. The Company applied the guidance in Staff Accounting Bulletin 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, when accounting for the enactment date effects of the Tax Legislation. In 2017, the Company remeasured certain deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the rates at which they are expected to reverse in the future, which is generally 21%. However, the Company is still analyzing certain aspects of the Tax Legislation and refining its calculations, which could potentially affect the measurement of these balances or potentially give rise to new deferred tax amounts. In 2017, the Company provisionally recorded approximately $21.4 million of net deferred tax liabilities remeasurement. Currently, the Company expects to complete the analysis of the Tax Legislation in the fourth quarter of 2018 when the Company’s 2017 federal income tax return is filed with the Internal Revenue Service.

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Note 12: Net Income Per Share

"Basic net income per share" is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. "Diluted net income per share" is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the number of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Dilutive potential common shares consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and the vesting of unvested RSUs. Dilutive potential common shares are excluded from the computation of earnings per share if their effect is antidilutive.

The computation of basic and diluted net income per share attributable to Blucora, Inc. is as follows (in thousands):



	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Numerator:
Income	$	45,543		$	30,710
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(205		)	(126		)
Net income attributable to Blucora, Inc.	$	45,338		$	30,584
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic	46,641			42,145
Dilutive potential common shares	2,024			3,283
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted	48,665			45,428
Net income per share attributable to Blucora, Inc.:
Basic	$	0.97		$	0.73
Diluted	$	0.93		$	0.67
Shares excluded	902			2,062

Shares were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per common share for these periods because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included under Part 1 Item 1 of this report, as well as with our consolidated financial statements, accompanying notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Our Business

Blucora (the "Company," "Blucora," "we," "our" or "us") operates two businesses: a Wealth Management business and an online Tax Preparation business.

The Wealth Management business consists of the operations of HDV Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as "HD Vest" or the "Wealth Management Business"). HD Vest provides wealth management solutions for financial advisors and their clients. Specifically, HD Vest provides an integrated platform of brokerage, investment advisory and insurance services to assist in making each financial advisor a financial service center for his/her clients. HD Vest was founded to help tax and accounting professionals integrate financial services into their practices. HD Vest primarily recruits independent tax professionals with established tax practices and offers specialized training and support, which allows them to join the HD Vest platform as independent financial advisors. HD Vest generates revenue primarily through commissions, quarterly investment advisory fees based on assets under management and other fees.

The Tax Preparation business consists of the operations of TaxAct, Inc. (collectively referred to as "TaxAct" or the "Tax Preparation business"). TaxAct provides digital do-it-yourself ("DDIY") tax preparation solutions for consumers, small business owners, and tax professionals. TaxAct generates revenue primarily through its online service at www.TaxAct.com. The TaxAct website and the information contained therein or connected thereto is not intended to be incorporated by reference into this report.

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Strategic Transformation

On October 14, 2015, we announced our plans to acquire HD Vest and focus on the technology-enabled financial solutions market (the "Strategic Transformation"). The Strategic Transformation refers to our transformation into a technology-enabled financial solutions company comprised of TaxAct and HD Vest and the divestitures of our Search and Content business that was operated through our former InfoSpace LLC subsidiary ("InfoSpace") and our E-Commerce business that consisted of the operations of Monoprice, Inc. ("Monoprice") in 2016. As part of the Strategic Transformation and "One Company" operating model, the Company relocated its corporate headquarters from Bellevue, Washington to Irving, Texas during 2017. The transformation is intended to drive efficiencies and improve operational effectiveness.

In connection with the relocation of our corporate headquarters, we have incurred restructuring costs of approximately $7.3 million. These costs are recorded within corporate-level activity for segment purposes. See "Note 4: Restructuring" of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I Item 1 of this report for additional information. We also have incurred costs that do not qualify for restructuring classification, such as recruiting and overlap in personnel expenses as we transition positions to Texas ("Strategic Transformation Costs"). The restructuring is now substantially complete and is expected to be fully completed in the first half of 2018.

For a discussion of the associated risks, see the sections under the heading "Risks Associated With our Businesses" in Part I Item 1 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Seasonality

Our Tax Preparation segment is highly seasonal, with a significant portion of its annual revenue earned in the first four months of our fiscal year. During the third and fourth quarters, the Tax Preparation segment typically reports losses because revenue from the segment is minimal while core operating expenses continue. We anticipate that the seasonal nature of that part of the business will continue in the foreseeable future.

Comparability

We reclassified certain amounts on our consolidated statements of cash flows related to excess tax benefits generated from stock-based compensation and restricted cash, and both reclassifications were in connection with the implementation of new accounting pronouncements. See the "Recent accounting pronouncements" section of "Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I Item 1 of this report for additional information.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Summary



(In thousands, except percentages)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018		2017		Percentage Change
Revenue	$	205,965	$	182,375	13	%
Operating income	$	52,734	$	43,889	20	%

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

Revenue increased approximately $23.6 million due to increases of $9.4 million and $14.2 million in revenue related to our Wealth Management and Tax Preparation businesses, respectively, as discussed in the following "Segment Revenue/Operating Income" section.

Operating income increased approximately $8.8 million, consisting of the $23.6 million increase in revenue and offset by a $14.7 million increase in operating expenses. Key changes in operating expenses were:

•

$8.2 million increase in the Wealth Management segment’s operating expenses primarily due to higher commissions paid to our financial advisors, which fluctuated in proportion to the change in underlying commission and advisory revenues earned on client accounts, consulting costs and costs incurred prior to the new clearing firm transition, which is expected to occur in the third quarter of 2018.

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•	$8.5 million increase in the Tax Preparation segment’s operating expenses primarily due to higher spend on marketing, particularly offline media and digital marketing efforts, and an increase in engineering development projects.


•	$2.0 million decrease in corporate-level expense activity primarily due to lower Strategic Transformation Costs and restructuring costs, offset by higher depreciation due to the abandonment of certain internally-developed software fixed assets.

SEGMENT REVENUE/OPERATING INCOME

The revenue and operating income amounts in this section are presented on a basis consistent with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. ("GAAP") and include certain reconciling items attributable to each of the segments. Segment information appearing in "Note 10: Segment Information" of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I Item 1 of this report is presented on a basis consistent with our current internal management financial reporting. We have two reportable segments: Wealth Management and Tax Preparation. We do not allocate certain general and administrative costs (including personnel and overhead costs), stock-based compensation, depreciation, amortization of acquired intangible assets, restructuring, other loss, net, and income taxes to segment operating results. We analyze these separately.

Wealth Management



(In thousands, except percentages)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017			Percentage Change
Revenue	$	92,082		$	82,667		11	%
Operating income	$	13,075		$	11,853		10	%
Segment margin	14		%	14		%

Wealth Management revenue is derived from multiple sources. We track sources of revenue, primary drivers of each revenue source, and recurring revenue. In addition, we focus on several business and key financial metrics in evaluating the success of our business relationships, our resulting financial position and operating performance. A summary of our sources of revenue and business metrics are as follows:

Sources of revenue



(In thousands, except percentages)			Three months ended March 31,
	Sources of Revenue	Primary Drivers	2018			2017			Percentage Change
Advisor-driven	Commission	- Transactions - Asset levels	$	42,870		$	39,595		8	%
Advisor-driven	Advisory	- Advisory asset levels	39,301			33,576			17	%
Other revenue	Asset-based	- Cash balances - Interest rates - Number of accounts - Client asset levels	7,172			5,966			20	%
Other revenue	Transaction and fee	- Account activity - Number of clients - Number of advisors - Number of accounts	2,739			3,530			(22	)%
	Total revenue		$	92,082		$	82,667		11	%
	Total recurring revenue		$	72,962		$	63,907		14	%
	Recurring revenue rate		79.2		%	77.3		%

Recurring revenue consists of trailing commissions, advisory fees, fees from cash sweep programs, and certain transaction and fee revenue, all as described further below in Commission revenue, Advisory revenue, Asset-based revenue, and Transaction and fee revenue, respectively. Certain recurring revenues are associated with asset balances and fluctuate depending on market values and current interest rates. Accordingly, our recurring revenue can be negatively impacted by adverse external market conditions. However, we believe recurring revenue is meaningful despite these fluctuations because it is not dependent upon transaction volumes or other activity-based revenues, which are more difficult to predict, particularly in declining or volatile markets.

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Business metrics



(In thousands, except percentages and as otherwise indicated)	March 31,
	2018			2017			Percentage Change
Total Assets Under Administration ("AUA")	$	44,383,024		$	40,424,515		10	%
Advisory Assets Under Management ("AUM")	$	12,717,125		$	11,090,767		15	%
Percentage of total AUA	28.7		%	27.4		%
Number of advisors (in ones)	3,920			4,427			(11	)%
Advisor-driven revenue per advisor	$	21.0		$	16.5		27	%

Total assets under administration ("AUA") includes assets that we hold directly or indirectly on behalf of clients under a safekeeping or custody arrangement or for which we provide administrative services for clients. To the extent that we provide more than one AUA service for a client’s assets, the value of the asset is only counted once in the total amount of AUA. AUA assets include Advisory Assets under Management, non-advisory brokerage accounts, annuities and mutual fund positions held directly with fund companies. These assets are not reported on the consolidated balance sheets.

Advisory assets under management ("AUM") includes external client assets for which we provide investment advisory and management services, typically as a fiduciary under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Our compensation for providing such services is typically a fee based on the value of the AUM for each advisory client. These assets are not reported on the consolidated balance sheets.

We have been reducing disengaged advisors who have little to no assets held with us, which has resulted in advisor counts trending down. As we continue to reduce disengaged advisors, the number of advisors could continue to decrease before stabilizing. This decrease could improve the growth in advisor-driven revenues per advisor, prior to advisor stabilization.

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

Wealth Management revenue increased approximately $9.4 million as a result of the factors discussed with each source of revenue below.

Wealth Management operating income increased approximately $1.2 million, due to a $9.4 million increase in revenue, offset by a $8.2 million increase in operating expenses. The increase in Wealth Management operating expenses was primarily due to higher commissions paid to our financial advisors, which fluctuated in proportion to the change in underlying commission and advisory revenues earned on client accounts.

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Commission revenue: The Wealth Management segment generates two types of commissions: transaction-based sales commissions and trailing commissions. Transaction-based sales commissions, which occur when clients trade securities or purchase investment products, represent gross commissions generated by our financial advisors. The level of transaction-based sales commissions can vary from period-to-period based on the overall economic environment, number of trading days in the reporting period, and investment activity of our financial advisors' clients. We earn trailing commissions (a commission or fee that is paid periodically over time) on certain mutual funds and variable annuities held by clients. Trailing commissions are recurring in nature and are based on the market value of investment holdings in trail-eligible assets. Our commission revenue, by product category and by sales-based and trailing, was as follows:



(In thousands, except percentages)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018		2017		Percentage Change
By product category:
Mutual funds	$	22,964	$	20,461	12	%
Variable annuities	13,464		12,211		10	%
Insurance	3,387		3,672		(8	)%
General securities	3,055		3,251		(6	)%
Total commission revenue	$	42,870	$	39,595	8	%

By sales-based and trailing:
Sales-based	$	18,345	$	17,946	2	%
Trailing	24,525		21,649		13	%
Total commission revenue	$	42,870	$	39,595	8	%

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

Sales-based commission revenue increased approximately $0.4 million primarily due to increased activity in mutual funds and variable annuities, offset by decreased activity in insurance and general securities resulting from overall market performance. General securities include equities, exchange-traded funds, bonds and alternative investments.

Trailing commission revenue increased approximately $2.9 million and reflects an increase in the market value of the underlying assets and, to a lesser extent, the impact of new investments.

Advisory revenue: Advisory revenue primarily includes fees charged to clients in advisory accounts where HD Vest is the Registered Investment Adviser (“RIA”) and is based on the value of AUM. Advisory fees are typically billed to clients quarterly, in advance, and are recognized as revenue ratably during the quarter. The value of the assets in an advisory account on the billing date determines the amount billed and, accordingly, the revenues earned in the following three-month period. The majority of our accounts are billed in advance using values as of the last business day of the prior calendar quarter.

The activity within our AUM was as follows:



(In thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Balance, beginning of the period	$	12,530,165		$	10,397,071
Net increase in new advisory assets	318,565			297,609
Market impact and other	(131,605		)	396,087
Balance, end of the period	$	12,717,125		$	11,090,767

Increases or decreases in advisory assets have a limited impact on advisory fee revenue in the period in which they occur. Rather, increases or decreases in advisory assets are a primary driver of future advisory fee revenue due to advisory fees being billed in advance. Advisory revenue for a particular quarter is predominately driven by the prior quarter-end AUM.

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Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

The increase in advisory revenue of approximately $5.7 million is primarily due to the increase in the beginning-of-period AUM for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017, and the conversion of AUA to fee-based AUM.

Asset-based revenue: Asset-based revenue primarily includes fees from financial product manufacturer sponsorship programs and cash sweep programs.

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

Asset-based revenue increased $1.2 million, primarily from increased revenues from financial product manufacturer sponsorship programs and higher cash sweep revenues following increases in interest rates. In the current interest rate environment, and through our current clearing provider, we will not benefit from any future interest rate increases. We expect the transition of our clearing business to a new clearing firm, in the third quarter of 2018, to provide growth opportunities in asset-based revenues.

Transaction and fee revenue: Transaction and fee revenue primarily includes fees for executing certain transactions in client accounts and fees related to services provided and other account charges as generally outlined in agreements with financial advisors, clients, and financial institutions.

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

Transaction and fee revenue decreased approximately $0.8 million primarily related to the impact of ASC 606 adoption in the first quarter of 2018. See "Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I Item I of this report for additional information.

Tax Preparation



(In thousands, except percentages)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017			Percentage Change
Revenue	$	113,883		$	99,708		14	%
Operating income	$	58,806		$	53,133		11	%
Segment margin	52		%	53		%

Tax Preparation revenue is derived primarily from sales of our consumer tax preparation software and online services as well as other offerings and ancillary services to consumers and small business owners. We also generate revenue through the professional tax preparer software that we sell to professional tax preparers who use it to prepare and file individual and business returns for their clients.

Revenue by category was as follows:



(In thousands, except percentages)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018		2017		Percentage Change
Consumer	$	101,912	$	88,242	15	%
Professional	11,971		11,466		4	%
Total revenue	$	113,883	$	99,708	14	%

We measure our consumer tax preparation customers using the number of accepted federal tax e-files made through our software and online services. We consider the volume of e-files to be an important non-financial metric in measuring the performance of the consumer side of the Tax Preparation business. E-file metrics were as follows:

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(In thousands, except percentages)	Three months ended March 31,				Tax seasons ended
	2018	Percentage Change		2017	April 19, 2018	Percentage Change		April 18, 2017
Online e-files	2,509	(13	)%	2,876	3,432	(13	)%	3,958
Desktop e-files	100	(18	)%	122	152	(17	)%	184
Sub-total e-files	2,609	(13	)%	2,998	3,584	(13	)%	4,142
Free File Alliance e-files ⁽¹⁾	133	16	%	115	188	15	%	164
Total e-files	2,742	(12	)%	3,113	3,772	(12	)%	4,306


⁽¹⁾	Free File Alliance e-files are provided as part of an IRS partnership that provides free electronic tax filing services to taxpayers meeting certain income-based guidelines.

We measure our professional tax preparer customers using three metrics: the number of accepted federal tax e-files made through our software, the number of units sold, and the number of e-files per unit sold. We consider growth in these areas to be the most important non-financial metrics in measuring the performance of the professional tax preparer side of the Tax Preparation business. Those metrics were as follows:



(In thousands, except percentages and as	Three months ended March 31,				Tax seasons ended
otherwise indicated)	2018	Percentage Change		2017	April 19, 2018	Percentage Change		April 18, 2017
E-files	1,324	2	%	1,302	1,763	3	%	1,717
Units sold (in ones)	20,191	(1	)%	20,327	20,588	(2	)%	20,964
E-files per unit sold (in ones)	65.6	3	%	64.0	85.6	5	%	81.9

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

Tax Preparation revenue increased approximately $14.2 million, primarily due to growth in revenue earned from online consumer users and, to a lesser extent, increased sales of our professional tax preparer software. Online consumer revenue grew, despite a decrease in e-files, due to growth in average revenue per user, primarily resulting from price increases. The decrease in e-files is consistent with our expectations as we are continuing our multi-year pivot toward profitable customers. Revenue derived from professional tax preparers increased, despite a decrease in the number of professional preparer units sold, primarily due to growth in average revenue per user, primarily resulting from price increases. Revenue from ancillary services, primarily refund payment transfer, also grew primarily resulting from price increases.

Tax Preparation operating income increased approximately $5.7 million, due to a $14.2 million increase in revenue, offset by a $8.5 million increase in operating expenses. The increase in Tax Preparation segment operating expenses was primarily due to to higher spend on marketing, particularly offline media and digital marketing efforts.

Corporate-Level Activity



(In thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018		2017		Change
Operating expenses	$	5,541	$	6,773	$	(1,232	)
Stock-based compensation	2,958		2,565		393
Depreciation	2,002		1,134		868
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	8,357		8,336		21
Restructuring	289		2,289		(2,000		)
Total corporate-level activity	$	19,147	$	21,097	$	(1,950	)

Certain corporate-level activity is not allocated to our segments, including certain general and administrative costs (including personnel and overhead costs), stock-based compensation, depreciation, amortization of acquired intangible assets, and restructuring. For further detail, refer to segment information appearing in "Note 10: Segment Information" of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I Item 1 of this report.

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Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

Operating expenses included in corporate-level activity decreased primarily due to lower Strategic Transformation Costs, primarily severance and other personnel-related costs.

Stock-based compensation increased primarily due to activity within our Wealth Management business, due to a decrease in forfeitures from the prior period.

Depreciation increased primarily due to the abandonment of certain internally-developed software fixed assets.

Amortization of acquired intangible assets were comparable to the prior period.

Restructuring relates to expenses incurred due to the relocation of our corporate headquarters during 2017 from Bellevue, Washington to Irving, Texas. Further detail is provided under the "Operating Expenses - Restructuring" section of the Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations below.

OPERATING EXPENSES

Cost of Revenue



(In thousands, except percentages)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017			Change
Wealth management services cost of revenue	$	63,067		$	55,874		$	7,193
Tax preparation services cost of revenue	4,353			3,818			535
Amortization of acquired technology	50			48			2
Total cost of revenue	$	67,470		$	59,740		$	7,730
Percentage of revenue	33		%	33		%

We record the cost of revenue for sales of services when the related revenue is recognized. Cost of revenue consists of costs related to our Wealth Management and Tax Preparation businesses, which include commissions paid to financial advisors, third-party costs, and costs associated with the technical support team and the operation of our data centers. Data center costs include personnel expenses (salaries, stock-based compensation, benefits, and other employee-related costs), the cost of temporary help and contractors, professional services fees (which include technology project consulting fees), software support and maintenance, bandwidth and hosting costs, and depreciation. Cost of revenue also includes the amortization of acquired technology.

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

Wealth management services cost of revenue increased, primarily due to an increase in commissions paid to our financial advisors, which fluctuated in proportion to the change in underlying commission and advisory revenues earned on client accounts.

Tax preparation services cost of revenue increased, primarily due to an increase in cloud migration expenses.

Amortization of acquired technology was comparable to the prior period.

Engineering and Technology



(In thousands, except percentages)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017			Change
Engineering and technology	$	5,131		$	4,748		$	383
Percentage of revenue	2		%	3		%

Engineering and technology expenses are associated with the research, development, support, and ongoing enhancements of our offerings, which include personnel expenses (salaries, stock-based compensation, benefits, and other employee-related costs), the cost of temporary help and contractors, software support and maintenance, bandwidth and hosting, and professional services fees.

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Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

Engineering and technology expenses increased, primarily due to an increase in Tax Preparation engineering development projects, offset by lower Wealth Management personnel expenses due to lower headcount.

Sales and Marketing



(In thousands, except percentages)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017			Change
Sales and marketing	$	55,253		$	48,998		$	6,255
Percentage of revenue	27		%	27		%

Sales and marketing expenses consist principally of personnel expenses (salaries, stock-based compensation, benefits, and other employee-related costs) and the cost of temporary help and contractors for those engaged in marketing, selling, and sales support operations activities, marketing expenses associated with our HD Vest and TaxAct businesses (which primarily include television, radio, online, text, email, and sponsorship channels), and back office processing support expenses associated with our HD Vest business (occupancy and general office expenses, regulatory fees, and license fees).

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

Sales and marketing expenses increased, primarily due to higher spend on marketing, particularly television commercials and digital marketing efforts in our Tax Preparation business, consulting costs and costs incurred prior to the new clearing firm transition, which is expected to occur in the third quarter of 2018.

General and Administrative



(In thousands, except percentages)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017			Change
General and administrative	$	14,866		$	13,483		$	1,383
Percentage of revenue	7		%	7		%

General and administrative ("G&A") expenses consist primarily of personnel expenses (salaries, stock-based compensation, benefits, and other employee-related costs), the cost of temporary help and contractors, professional services fees (which include legal, audit, and tax fees), general business development and management expenses, occupancy and general office expenses, business taxes, and insurance expenses.

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

G&A expenses increased primarily due to an increase in consulting expenses and software expenses, primarily related to security enhancements.

Depreciation and Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets



(In thousands, except percentages)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017			Change
Depreciation	$	1,915		$	940		$	975
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	8,307			8,288			19
Total	$	10,222		$	9,228		$	994
Percentage of revenue	5		%	5		%

Depreciation of property and equipment includes depreciation of computer equipment and software, office equipment and furniture, and leasehold improvements not recognized in cost of revenue. Amortization of acquired intangible assets primarily includes the amortization of customer relationships, which are amortized over their estimated lives.

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

Depreciation increased primarily due to the abandonment of certain internally-developed software fixed assets.

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Amortization was comparable to the prior period.

Restructuring



(In thousands, except percentages)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017			Change
Restructuring	$	289		$	2,289		$	(2,000	)
Percentage of revenue	—		%	1		%

In connection with the Strategic Transformation, including the relocation of our headquarters, we have incurred restructuring costs of approximately $7.3 million, which includes all costs associated with our non-cancelable operating lease. While the relocation and the related costs were substantially completed by June 2017, the Company expects some costs to be incurred through the first half of 2018, primarily related to employees who will continue to provide service through that time period.

In the first quarter of 2017 we had a $1.9 million fixed asset impairment related to our Bellevue facility's fixed assets, and $0.4 million of stock-based compensation that included the impact of equity award modifications associated with employment contracts for individuals impacted by our headquarters relocation.

See "Note 4: Restructuring" of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I Item 1 of this report.

Other Loss, Net



(In thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017			Change
Interest income	$	(40	)	$	(20	)	$	(20	)
Interest expense	4,181			6,436			(2,255		)
Amortization of debt issuance costs	203			387			(184		)
Accretion of debt discounts	47			1,085			(1,038		)
Loss on debt extinguishment	776			1,780			(1,004		)
Other	61			40			21
Other loss, net	$	5,228		$	9,708		$	(4,480	)

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

In the first quarter of 2018 we had a loss on debt extinguishment related to the prepayment of a portion of the Blucora senior secured credit facilities (as defined herein), and decreases in interest expense, amortization of debt issuance costs and accretion of debt discounts, primarily related to lower balances in the Blucora senior secured credit facilities. The decrease in interest expense also relates to the repricing and lowering, in November 2017, of the applicable interest rate margin of the Blucora senior secured credit facilities to 3.0% for Eurodollar Rate loans and 2.0% for ABR loans. This repricing should decrease future annual interest expense by approximately $2.0 million per year.

In the first quarter of 2017 we had a loss on debt extinguishment related to the prepayment of a portion of the credit facility previously entered into in 2015 for the purpose of financing the HD Vest acquisition (the "TaxAct - HD Vest 2015 credit facility").

Income Taxes

We recorded income tax expense of $2.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2018. Income taxes differed from taxes at the statutory rates in 2018 primarily due to the release of the current portion of valuation allowances. We recorded income tax expense of $3.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2017. Income taxes differed from taxes at the statutory rates in 2017 primarily due to the January 1, 2017 implementation of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-09 on stock-based compensation, which did not impact the three months ended March 31, 2018. Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31 2018 was lower than the prior period, primarily due to the impact of state income taxes.

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NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

Adjusted EBITDA: We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income attributable to Blucora, Inc., determined in accordance with GAAP, excluding the effects of stock-based compensation, depreciation, amortization of acquired intangible assets (including acquired technology), restructuring, other loss, net, the impact of noncontrolling interests and income tax expense. Restructuring costs relate to the relocation of our corporate headquarters during 2017.

We believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides meaningful supplemental information regarding our performance. We use this non-GAAP financial measure for internal management and compensation purposes, when publicly providing guidance on possible future results, and as a means to evaluate period-to-period comparisons. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is a common measure used by investors and analysts to evaluate our performance, that it provides a more complete understanding of the results of operations and trends affecting our business when viewed together with GAAP results, and that management and investors benefit from referring to this non-GAAP financial measure. Items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA are significant and necessary components to the operations of our business and, therefore, Adjusted EBITDA should be considered as a supplement to, and not as a substitute for or superior to, GAAP net income. Other companies may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently and, therefore, our Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. A reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA to net income attributable to Blucora, Inc., which we believe to be the most comparable GAAP measure, is presented below:



(In thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018		2017
Net income attributable to Blucora, Inc.	$	45,338	$	30,584
Stock-based compensation	2,958		2,565
Depreciation and amortization of acquired intangible assets	10,359		9,470
Restructuring	289		2,289
Other loss, net	5,228		9,708
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	205		126
Income tax expense	1,963		3,471
Adjusted EBITDA	$	66,340	$	58,213

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to an increase in segment operating income of $5.7 million related to our Tax Preparation segment, an increase in segment operating income of $1.2 million related to our Wealth Management segment, and a $1.2 million decrease in corporate operating expenses, primarily due to lower Strategic Transformation and restructuring costs.

Non-GAAP net income: We define non-GAAP net income as net income attributable to Blucora, Inc., determined in accordance with GAAP, excluding the effects of stock-based compensation, amortization of acquired intangible assets (including acquired technology), accretion of debt discount and accelerated accretion of debt discount on our Convertible Senior Notes that were outstanding for a portion of 2017 (the "Notes"), restructuring costs (described further under Adjusted EBITDA above), the impact of noncontrolling interests, the related cash tax impact of those adjustments, and non-cash income taxes. We exclude the non-cash portion of income taxes because of our ability to offset a substantial portion of our cash tax liabilities by using deferred tax assets, which primarily consist of U.S. federal net operating losses. The majority of these net operating losses will expire, if unutilized, between 2020 and 2024.

Non-GAAP net income per share: We define non-GAAP net income per share as non-GAAP net income divided by weighted average diluted share count. We believe that non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per share provide meaningful supplemental information to management, investors, and analysts regarding our performance and the valuation of our business by excluding items in the statement of operations that we do not consider part of our ongoing operations or have not been, or are not expected to be, settled in cash. Additionally, we believe that non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per share are common measures used by investors and analysts to evaluate our performance and the valuation of our business. Non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per share should be evaluated in light of our financial results prepared in accordance with GAAP and should be considered as a supplement to, and not as a substitute for or superior to, GAAP net income and net income per share. Other companies may calculate non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per share differently, and, therefore, our non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per share may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. A reconciliation of our non-GAAP net income to net income

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attributable to Blucora, Inc. and non-GAAP net income per share to net income per share, which we believe to be the most comparable GAAP measure, is presented below:



(In thousands, except per share amounts)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Net income attributable to Blucora, Inc.	$	45,338		$	30,584
Stock-based compensation	2,958			2,565
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	8,357			8,336
Accretion of debt discount on the Notes	—			934
Restructuring	289			2,289
Impact of noncontrolling interests	205			126
Cash tax impact of adjustments to GAAP net income	(313		)	(587		)
Non-cash income tax expense	1,398			3,160
Non-GAAP net income	$	58,232		$	47,407
Per diluted share:
Net income attributable to Blucora, Inc.	$	0.93		$	0.67
Stock-based compensation	0.06			0.06
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	0.18			0.18
Accretion of debt discount on the Notes	—			0.02
Restructuring	0.01			0.05
Impact of noncontrolling interests	0.00			0.00
Cash tax impact of adjustments to GAAP net income	(0.01		)	(0.01		)
Non-cash income tax expense	0.03			0.07
Non-GAAP net income	$	1.20		$	1.04
Weighted average shares outstanding used in computing per diluted share amounts	48,665			45,428

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared with three months ended March 31, 2017

The increase in non-GAAP net income was primarily due to an increase in segment operating income of $5.7 million related to our Tax Preparation segment and an increase in segment operating income of $1.2 million related to our Wealth Management segment, a $2.5 million decrease in interest expense, amortization of debt issuance costs and accretion of debt discounts, primarily relating to lower balances in the Blucora senior secured credit facilities and the repricing and lowering, in 2017, of the applicable interest rate margin of the Blucora senior secured credit facilities to 3.0% for Eurodollar Rate loans and 2.0% for ABR loans. Further contributing to the increase in non-GAAP net income was a $1.0 million decrease in loss on debt extinguishment Blucora senior secured credit facilities, and a $1.2 million decrease in corporate operating expenses not allocated to the segments primarily due to lower Strategic Transformation and restructuring costs.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Our principal source of liquidity is our cash and cash equivalents. As of March 31, 2018, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $77.1 million. Our HD Vest broker-dealer subsidiary operates in a highly regulated industry and is subject to various regulatory capital requirements. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possible additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have substantial monetary and non-monetary impacts to HD Vest's operations. As of March 31, 2018, HD Vest met all capital adequacy requirements to which it was subject.

We generally invest our excess cash in high quality marketable investments. These investments generally include debt instruments issued by the U.S. federal government and its agencies, international governments, municipalities and publicly-held corporations, as well as commercial paper, insured time deposits with commercial banks, and money market funds invested in securities issued by agencies of the U.S., although specific holdings can vary from period to period depending upon our cash requirements. Our financial instrument investments held at March 31, 2018 had minimal default risk and short-term maturities.

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We have financed our operations primarily from cash provided by operating activities. Accordingly, we believe that the cash generated from our operations and the cash and cash equivalents we have on hand will be sufficient to meet our operating, working capital, regulatory capital requirements at our broker-dealer subsidiary, and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months. However, the underlying levels of revenues and expenses that we project may not prove to be accurate. For further discussion of the risks to our business related to liquidity, see the Risk Factor "Existing cash and cash equivalents, and cash generated from operations may not be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for servicing debt, working capital, and capital expenditures" in Part II Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Use of Cash

We may use our cash and cash equivalents balance in the future on investment in our current businesses, for repayment of debt, for acquiring companies or assets that complement our Wealth Management and Tax Preparation businesses, or for returning capital to shareholders.

In May 2017, we entered into a credit agreement with a syndicate of lenders for the Blucora senior secured credit facilities in order to (a) refinance the TaxAct - HD Vest 2015 credit facility, (b) redeem our Notes that were outstanding at the time, and (c) provide a term loan and revolving line of credit for future working capital, capital expenditure and general business purposes (the "Blucora senior secured credit facilities"). Consequently, the TaxAct - HD Vest 2015 credit facility was repaid in full and the commitments thereunder were terminated. The Blucora senior secured credit facilities in the aggregate committed amount of $425.0 million consist of a committed $50.0 million revolving credit facility (including a letter of credit sub-facility), and a $375.0 million term loan facility. The final maturity dates of the revolving credit loan and term loan are May 22, 2022 and May 22, 2024, respectively. Obligations under the Blucora senior secured credit facilities are guaranteed by certain of Blucora's subsidiaries and secured by the assets of Blucora and those subsidiaries.

The Blucora senior secured credit facilities include financial and operating covenants with respect to certain ratios, including a net leverage ratio, which are defined further in the credit facility agreement. We were in compliance with these covenants as of March 31, 2018. We initially borrowed $375.0 million under the term loan and have made prepayments of $70.0 million towards the term loan since entering into the agreement, of which $40.0 million was prepaid in the three months ended March 31, 2018, such that $305.0 million was outstanding under the term loan at March 31, 2018. We have not borrowed any amounts under the revolving credit loan and do not have any other debt outstanding. Beginning with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2018, we may be required to make annual prepayments of the term loan in an amount equal to a percentage of our excess cash flow during the applicable fiscal year from 0% to 50%, depending on the Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the credit facility agreement) for such fiscal year. Currently, we do not expect an excess cash flow payment will be required in the fiscal year ending 2018. For further detail, see "Note 6: Debt" of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I Item 1 of this report.

Related to the TaxAct - HD Vest 2015 credit facility, we had repayment activity of $38.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2017.

On July 2, 2015, TaxAct acquired SimpleTax, which included additional consideration of up to C$4.6 million (with C$ indicating Canadian dollars and amounting to approximately $3.7 million based on the acquisition-date exchange rate). The related payments are contingent upon product availability and revenue performance over a three-year period and are expected to occur annually over that period. The first two payments of $1.3 million and $0.9 million were made in the first quarters of 2018 and 2017, respectively, and the remaining payment of $1.3 million is expected in 2019. For further detail, see "Note 5: Fair Value Measurements" of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I Item 1 of this report.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

The material changes in our contractual obligations and commitments during the first quarter of 2018, outside of the ordinary course of our business, include debt activity (as discussed further in "Note 6: Debt"), payment of a portion of the acquisition-related contingent consideration liability (as discussed further in "Note 5: Fair Value Measurements"), and estimated sublease income of $3.2 million, primarily related to the sublease of the Bellevue facility (as discussed further in "Note 4: Restructuring"). Additional information on the Company’s Commitments and Contingencies can be found in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

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Off-balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements other than operating leases.

Cash Flows

Our cash flows were comprised of the following:



(In thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	57,450		$	52,900
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities	(940		)	5,767
Net cash used by financing activities	(39,569		)	(36,259		)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(6		)	5
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	16,935		$	22,413

Net cash from operating activities: Net cash from operating activities consists of income, offset by certain non-cash adjustments, and changes in our working capital.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $57.5 million and $52.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The activity in the three months ended March 31, 2018 included a $(1.7) million working capital contribution and approximately $59.1 million of income (offset by non-cash adjustments). The working capital contribution primarily related to the impact of TaxAct's seasonality and the timing of TaxAct's spending on marketing campaigns for the current tax season.

The activity in the three months ended March 31, 2017 included a $6.5 million working capital contribution and approximately $46.4 million of net income (offset by non-cash adjustments). The working capital contribution primarily related to increased accrued expense balances related to the timing of TaxAct's spending on marketing campaigns for the current tax season.

Net cash from investing activities: Net cash from investing activities primarily consists of cash outlays for business acquisitions, transactions (purchases of and proceeds from sales and maturities) related to our investments, and purchases of property and equipment. Our investing activities can fluctuate from period-to-period primarily based upon the level of acquisition activity.

Net cash provided by investing activities was $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and net cash from investing activities was $5.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017. The activity in the three months ended March 31, 2018 consisted of approximately $0.9 million in purchases of property and equipment. The activity in the three months ended March 31, 2017 consisted of net cash inflows on our available-for-sale investments of $6.9 million, following the sale of available-for-sale investments, offset by approximately $1.2 million in purchases of property and equipment.

Net cash from financing activities: Net cash from financing activities primarily consists of transactions related to the issuance of debt and stock. Our financing activities can fluctuate from period-to-period based upon our financing needs and market conditions that present favorable financing opportunities.

Net cash used by financing activities was $39.6 million and $36.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The activity for the three months ended March 31, 2018 primarily consisted of prepayments of $40.0 million towards the term loan, $1.5 million in tax payments from shares withheld for equity awards, and $1.3 million in contingent consideration paid related to the 2015 acquisition of SimpleTax. These cash outflows were offset by approximately $0.0 million in proceeds from the senior secured credit facility that was entered into in May 2017 and $3.2 million in combined proceeds from the issuance of common stock related to stock option exercises and the employee stock purchase plan.

The activity for the three months ended March 31, 2017 primarily consisted of payments of $38.0 million on the TaxAct - HD Vest credit facility, $2.2 million in tax payments from shares withheld for equity awards, and $0.9 million in contingent consideration paid related to the 2015 acquisition of SimpleTax. These cash outflows were offset by approximately $4.9 million in combined proceeds from the issuance of common stock related to stock option exercises and the employee stock purchase plan.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our critical accounting policies, estimates, and methodologies for the three months ended March 31, 2018 are consistent with those in Part II Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See "Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" and "Note 3: Impact of Revenue Recognition Accounting Pronouncement" of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I Item 1 of this report.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There have been no material changes to our market risk during the three months ended March 31, 2018. We borrowed $375.0 million under the term loan when we entered into the senior secured credit facility, and the interest rate on the term loan is variable at the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"), subject to a floor of 1.00%, plus a margin of 3.75%. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in LIBOR would result in a $3.1 million increase, based upon our March 31, 2018 principal amount, in our annual interest expense until the scheduled maturity date in 2024. For additional information, see Part II Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated (pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2018. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e)) were effective as of March 31, 2018.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the first quarter of 2018 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Other than the legal proceedings discussed in "Note 8: Commitments and Contingencies" of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I Item 1 of this report, there are no pending legal proceedings to which we are a party or of which any of our property is the subject.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Our business and future results may be affected by a number of risks and uncertainties that should be considered carefully. In addition, this report also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including the risks described in Part I Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 and the risks set forth below.

The Company believes that there has been no material change in its risk factors as previously disclosed in the Form 10-K other than as set forth below. The occurrence of one or more of the events listed below could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, prospects, results of operations, reputation, financial condition, cash flows or ability to continue current operations without any direct or indirect impairment or disruption, which is referred to throughout these Risk Factors as a “Material Adverse Effect.”

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Our Wealth Management business is subject to extensive regulation, and failure to comply with these regulations could have a Material Adverse Effect.

Our Wealth Management business is heavily regulated by multiple agencies, including the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), the Department of Labor (the "DOL"), the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, state securities and insurance regulators, and other regulatory authorities. Failure to comply with these regulators’ laws, rules, and regulations could result in the restriction of the ongoing conduct or growth, or even liquidation of, parts of our business and otherwise cause a Material Adverse Effect.

The regulatory environment in which our Wealth Management business operates is continually evolving, and the level of financial regulation to which we are subject has generally increased in recent years. Among the most significant regulatory changes affecting our Wealth Management business is the Dodd-Frank Act, which mandates broad changes in the supervision and regulations of the wealth management industry. Regulators implementing the Dodd-Frank Act have adopted, proposed to adopt, and may in the future adopt regulations that could impact the manner in which we will market HD Vest products and services, manage HD Vest operations, and interact with regulators. In addition, the Trump Administration has called for a broad review of, and potentially significant changes to, U.S. fiscal laws and regulations, including the Dodd-Frank Act. If such changes are enacted, they could negatively impact our Wealth Management business and cause a Material Adverse Effect.

In 2016, the DOL enacted the Fiduciary Rule, which redefines who may be considered a fiduciary under ERISA and how such fiduciaries must provide investment advice to individual retirement accounts or other accounts, the assets of which are subject to section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code (collectively, the "Covered Accounts"). During 2017, Covered Accounts made up over half of the assets under administration in our Wealth Management business. As originally drafted, the Fiduciary Rule would bring virtually all of the investment products and services that our Wealth Management business currently provides to Covered Account owners within the scope of ERISA.

On March 15, 2018, a federal court of appeals struck down the Fiduciary Rule in its entirety. This decision is appealable, but we cannot predict whether it will be appealed or what the outcome of such an appeal might be. If the decision stands, we will review all of the procedural, policy and product changes we have already implemented, some or all of which we may choose to retain. Until the court of appeals decision is final and non-appealable, however, the DOL’s Impartial Conduct Standards remain in effect, so our Wealth Management business is required to continue good faith efforts to conform its business to these standards. Because Covered Accounts comprise a significant portion of our business, our failure to successfully conform to these standards could lead to increased costs related to compliance, legal and information technology changes, which could have a Material Adverse Effect.

Before the court of appeals decision, the DOL had already announced its intent to review and potentially revise the Fiduciary Rule and to coordinate with the SEC on rulemaking toward possible standards of conduct for all investment professionals. On April 18, 2018, the SEC issued draft rulemaking addressing these standards. As presently drafted, the SEC’s proposed rules would impose a “best interest” standard on broker-dealers and their registered representatives, as well as a new disclosure form (Form CRS) that both broker-dealers and investment advisers would have to give clients before providing them investment advice. The SEC’s proposed rules, if adopted in their current form, would heighten the standard of care for broker-dealers when making investment recommendations and would impose disclosure and policy and procedural obligations that could impact the compensation HD Vest and its representatives receive for selling certain types of products, particularly those (such as mutual funds) that offer different compensation across different share classes. The SEC’s proposed rules would also limit our ability to use the terms “advisor” or “adviser” when referring publicly to our registered representatives who are not also advisory licensed. Based on comments by SEC Commissioners when the proposed rules were first presented, however, we believe that the SEC’s proposed rules will substantially change during the public comment process. In addition, the SEC’s final rules may not be issued for many months and, even then, could be the subject of litigation, as was the case with the Fiduciary Rule. Accordingly, we cannot predict if and when the DOL or the SEC will complete any final rulemaking or what the contours of the final rules will be. However, the SEC’s final rules could result in additional compliance costs, lesser compensation, and management distraction, all of which could have a Material Adverse Effect.

Legislatures and securities regulators in certain states in which we do business have enacted (or have considered enacting) their own standard of conduct rules to supplement or supplant the Fiduciary Rule. To date, the States of Nevada, Connecticut, New Jersey and New York have passed legislation or proposed regulations of this sort. The requirements and scope of these state rules are not uniform. Accordingly, we may have to adopt different policies and procedures in different states, which could create added compliance, supervision and sales costs for our Wealth Management business. Should more states enact similar legislation or regulation, it could result in material additional compliance costs and could have a Material Adverse Effect.

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Our Wealth Management business distributes its products and services through financial advisors who affiliate with us as independent contractors. There can be no assurance that legislative, judicial, or regulatory (including tax) authorities will not introduce proposals or assert interpretations of existing rules and regulations that would change, or at least challenge, the classification of our financial advisors as independent contractors. Although we believe we have properly classified our advisors as independent contractors, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service or other U.S. federal or state authorities or similar authorities may determine that we have misclassified our advisors as independent contractors for employment tax or other purposes and, as a result, seek additional taxes from us or attempt to impose fines and penalties, which could have a Material Adverse Effect on our business model, financial condition, and results of operations.

In addition, the SEC and FINRA have extensive rules and regulations with respect to capital requirements. As a registered broker-dealer, our Wealth Management business is subject to Rule 15c3-1 (the "Net Capital Rule") under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and related requirements of self-regulatory organizations, which specify minimum capital requirements that are intended to ensure the general soundness and liquidity of broker-dealers. As a result of the Net Capital Rule, our ability to withdraw capital from our subsidiaries that comprise our Wealth Management business could be restricted, which in turn could limit our ability to repay debt, redeem or purchase shares of our outstanding stock, or pay dividends, which could have a Material Adverse Effect. A large operating loss or charge against net capital could adversely affect our ability to expand or even maintain our present levels of business.

Our Wealth Management business offers products sponsored by third parties, including but not limited to mutual funds, insurance, annuities and alternative investments. These products are subject to complex regulations that change frequently. Although we have controls in place to facilitate compliance with such regulations, there can be no assurance that our interpretation of the regulations will be consistent with various regulators’ interpretations, that our procedures will be viewed as adequate by regulatory examiners, or that the operating subsidiaries will be deemed to be in compliance with regulatory requirements in all material respects. If products sold by our Wealth Management business do not perform as anticipated due to market factors or otherwise, or if product sponsors become insolvent or are otherwise unable to meet their obligations, this could result in material litigation and regulatory action against us. In addition, we could face liabilities for actual or alleged breaches of legal duties to customers with respect to the suitability of the financial products we make available in our open architecture product platform or the investment advice of our financial advisors.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits



Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description	Form	Date of First Filing	Exhibit Number	Filed Herewith
10.1	Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement for Executive Officers under the Blucora, Inc. 2015 Incentive Plan, as amended and restated	8-K	February 23, 2018	10.2
10.2	Form of Time-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Executive Officers under the Blucora, Inc. 2015 Incentive Plan, as amended and restated	8-K	February 23, 2018	10.3
10.3	Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Executive Officers under the Blucora, Inc. 2015 Incentive Plan, as amended and restated	8-K	February 23, 2018	10.4
10.4	Blucora, Inc. 2018 Annual Incentive Plan	8-K	February 23, 2018	10.1
10.5	Employment Agreement by and between Blucora, Inc. and Davinder Athwal dated February 14, 2018	8-K	February 15, 2018	10.1
31.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002				X
31.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002				X
32.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002				X
32.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002				X
101	The following financial statements from the Company's 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2018, formatted in XBRL: (i) Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (iv) Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements				X

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.



	BLUCORA, INC.

	By:	/s/ Davinder Athwal
		Davinder Athwal Chief Financial Officer (On behalf of the Registrant and as Principal Financial Officer)

	Date:	May 9, 2018

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BLUCORA, INC. - FORM 10-Q - May 9, 2018

Attached files

BLUCORA, INC. Reports