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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
x  QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2011
 
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
for the transition period from __________________ to ____________________
Commission file number 1-10638
 
CAMBREX CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
DELAWARE 22-2476135
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
ONE MEADOWLANDS PLAZA, EAST RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY 07073
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(201) 804-3000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x.   No o.
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).   Yes x   No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):
 Large accelerated filer o   Accelerated filer x   Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)   Smaller reporting company o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes o.   No x.
 
As of July 29, 2011, there were 29,431,884 shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock, $.10 par value.
 



CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
 

 
 
   
Page No.
         
Part I
Financial Information
     
           
 
Item 1.
Financial Statements.
     
           
     
3
 
           
     
4
 
           
     
5
 
           
     
6 - 18
 
           
   
19- 23
 
           
   
24
 
           
   
24
 
           
Part II
Other Information
     
           
   
25
 
           
   
25
 
           
   
25
 
           
   
26
 
 
CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Forward-Looking Statements
 
This document may contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements regarding expected performance, especially expectations with respect to sales, research and development expenditures, earnings per share, capital expenditures, acquisitions, divestitures, collaborations, or other expansion opportunities.  These statements may be identified by the fact that they use words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “estimates,” “believes” or similar expressions.  Any forward-looking statements contained herein are based on current plans and expectations and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual outcomes and results to differ materially from current expectations.  The factors described in Item 1A of Part I contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2010, captioned “Risk Factors,” or otherwise described in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as any cautionary language in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2010, provide examples of such risks and uncertainties that may cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from the expectations the Company describes in its forward-looking statements, including but not limited to, pharmaceutical outsourcing trends, competitive pricing or product developments, government legislation and regulations (particularly environmental issues), tax rate, interest rate, technology, manufacturing and legal issues, including the outcome of outstanding litigation disclosed in the Company’s public filings, changes in foreign exchange rates, uncollectable receivables, loss on disposition of assets, cancellation or delays in renewal of contracts, lack of suitable raw materials or packaging materials, and the Company’s ability to receive regulatory approvals for its products.
 
The forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs and assumptions of Company management and the information available to Company management at the time these disclosures were prepared.  Although the Company believes the expectations reflected in these statements are reasonable, the Company cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements.  You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.  The Company undertakes no obligation to update these forward-looking statements, even if the Company’s situation changes in the future.


Part I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1.             Financial Statements
 
CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
 (in thousands, except share data)
 
   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(unaudited)
       
ASSETS
           
Current assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 40,911     $ 29,614  
Trade receivables, net
    38,273       39,025  
Inventories, net
    67,961       61,408  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    7,891       5,082  
Total current assets
    155,036       135,129  
                 
Property, plant and equipment, net
    152,057       150,483  
Goodwill
    40,177       37,694  
Intangible assets, net
    4,898       4,687  
Investment in partially-owned affiliate
    18,878       19,709  
Other non-current assets
    2,994       4,049  
Total assets
  $ 374,040     $ 351,751  
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 19,619     $ 19,480  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    36,926       33,503  
Current portion of long-term debt
    116,400        
Total current liabilities
    172,945       52,983  
                 
Long-term debt
          115,900  
Deferred income tax
    18,790       17,893  
Accrued pension and postretirement benefits
    40,206       43,921  
Other non-current liabilities
    13,332       13,419  
Total liabilities
    245,273       244,116  
                 
Stockholders’ equity:
               
Common stock, $.10 par value; authorized 100,000,000, issued 31,409,638 shares at respective dates
    3,140       3,140  
Additional paid-in capital
    101,626       101,271  
Retained earnings
    39,458       31,992  
Treasury stock, at cost, 1,990,583 and 1,978,533 shares at respective dates
    (16,809 )     (16,876 )
Accumulated other comprehensive gain/(loss)
    1,352       (11,892 )
                 
Total stockholders’ equity
    128,767       107,635  
                 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 374,040     $ 351,751  
 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

 
CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
 (unaudited - in thousands, except per-share data)
 
   
Three months ended
   
Six months ended
 
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
                         
Gross sales
  $ 67,484     $ 57,403     $ 129,138     $ 113,558  
Commissions, allowances and rebates
    523       376       814       712  
Net sales
    66,961       57,027       128,324       112,846  
                                 
Other
    1,421       1,190       643       1,464  
Net revenues
    68,382       58,217       128,967       114,310  
                                 
Cost of goods sold
    49,325       40,284       92,455       81,884  
Gross profit
    19,057       17,933       36,512       32,426  
                                 
Operating expenses:
                               
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    9,191       8,184       18,279       16,980  
Research and development expenses
    2,572       2,841       5,632       4,826  
Total operating expenses
    11,763       11,025       23,911       21,806  
                                 
Operating profit
    7,294       6,908       12,601       10,620  
                                 
Other expenses/(income):
                               
Interest expense, net
    605       1,171       1,178       2,369  
Other (income)/expenses, net
    (282 )     14       (285 )     17  
Equity in losses of partially-owned affiliate
    303             667        
Income before income taxes
    6,668       5,723       11,041       8,234  
                                 
Provision for income taxes
    1,911       2,057       3,429       2,885  
Income from continuing operations
    4,757       3,666       7,612       5,349  
                                 
Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
          1,105       (146 )     1,105  
                                 
Net income
  $ 4,757     $ 4,771     $ 7,466     $ 6,454  
                                 
Basic earnings/(loss) per share of common stock:
                               
Income from continuing operations
  $ 0.16     $ 0.12     $ 0.26     $ 0.18  
Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
  $     $ 0.04     $ (0.01 )   $ 0.04  
Net Income
  $ 0.16     $ 0.16     $ 0.25     $ 0.22  
                                 
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share of common stock:
                               
Income from continuing operations
  $ 0.16     $ 0.12     $ 0.26     $ 0.18  
Income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
  $     $ 0.04     $ (0.01 )   $ 0.04  
Net Income
  $ 0.16     $ 0.16     $ 0.25     $ 0.22  
                                 
Weighted average shares outstanding:
                               
Basic
    29,419       29,333       29,433       29,324  
Effect of dilutive stock based compensation
    74       71       57       78  
Diluted
    29,493       29,404       29,490       29,402  
 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

 
CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
 (unaudited - in thousands)
 
   
Six months ended
 
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
           
Net income
  $ 7,466     $ 6,454  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash flows:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    11,603       10,610  
Increase in inventory reserve
    696       259  
Stock based compensation included in net income
    753       1,003  
Deferred income tax provision
    (69 )     (214 )
Equity in losses of partially-owned affliliate
    667        
Other
    (69 )     (164 )
Changes in assets and liabilities:
               
Trade receivables
    2,365       (2,442 )
Inventories
    (4,093 )     (4,419 )
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    (2,629 )     (1,717 )
Accounts payable and other current liabilities
    945       (255 )
Other non-current assets and liabilities
    (4,169 )     963  
Discontinued operations:
               
Non-cash net benefit
          (1,105 )
Net cash provided by operating activities
    13,466       8,973  
                 
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
Capital expenditures
    (4,690 )     (5,097 )
Acquisition of business, net of cash
          (6,897 )
Net cash used in investing activities
    (4,690 )     (11,994 )
                 
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
Long-term debt activity (including current portion):
               
Borrowings
    4,900       7,300  
Repayments
    (4,400 )     (28,100 )
Other financing activities
    (332 )     (46 )
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities
    168       (20,846 )
                 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
    2,353       (5,412 )
                 
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    11,297       (29,279 )
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    29,614       52,365  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 40,911     $ 23,086  
 
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.


CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
 
(1)       Basis of Presentation
 
Unless otherwise indicated by the context, “Cambrex” or the “Company” means Cambrex Corporation and subsidiaries.
 
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared from the records of the Company.  In the opinion of management, the financial statements include all adjustments, which are of a normal and recurring nature, except as otherwise described herein, and are necessary for a fair statement of financial position and results of operations in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).  These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2010.
 
The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year.
 
For the six months ended June 30, 2011 the Company recorded expense of $146, net of tax, as discontinued operations, primarily for expenses for environmental remediation related to sites of divested businesses.  For the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 the Company recorded a benefit of $1,652 as a result of the expiration of a contingent liability and charges of $547 for environmental remediation related to sites of divested businesses as discontinued operations.
 
(2)       Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
 
Fair Value Measurements
 
In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures - Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements.”  This statement requires new disclosures and clarifies some existing disclosure requirements about fair value measurement.  Disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements in the roll forward of activity in Level 3 fair value measurements are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010, and for interim periods within those fiscal years.  The effect of adopting this pronouncement did not have an impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
 
Revenue Recognition – Milestone Method
 
In April 2010, the Emerging Issues Task Force issued “Revenue Recognition – Milestone Method.”  This issue provides guidance on defining a milestone and determining when it may be appropriate to apply the milestone method of revenue recognition for research or development transactions.  This issue is effective on a prospective basis for milestones achieved in fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2010.  The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
 
Comprehensive Income
 
In June 2011, the FASB issued “Comprehensive Income – Presentation of Comprehensive Income”.  This statement gives companies two options for presenting other comprehensive income (“OCI”), which currently is included as part of the statement of shareholder’s equity.  An OCI statement can be included within the income statement, which together will make a statement of total comprehensive income.


CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
 
(2)       Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements (continued)
 
Alternatively, companies can have an OCI statement separate from an income statement, but the two statements will have to appear consecutively within a financial report.  This statement is effective for fiscal quarters and years beginning after December 15, 2011.  The effect of adopting this statement will not have an impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
 
(3)       Net Inventories
 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in, first-out basis, or market.
 
Net inventories at June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 consist of the following:
 
   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
             
Finished goods
  $ 28,771     $ 26,731  
Work in process
    20,083       17,852  
Raw materials
    14,036       12,183  
Supplies
    5,071       4,642  
Total
  $ 67,961     $ 61,408  
 
 (4)      Goodwill and Intangible Assets
 
The change in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2011, is as follows:
 
Balance as of January 1, 2011
  $ 37,694  
Translation effect
    2,483  
Balance as of June 30, 2011
  $ 40,177  
 
    Acquired intangible assets, which are amortized, consist of the following:
 
       
As of June 30, 2011
 
   
Amortization Period
 
Gross Carrying Amount
   
Accumulated Amortization
   
Net Carrying Amount
 
                       
Technology-based intangibles
 
20 years
  $ 4,394     $ (275 )   $ 4,119  
Customer-related intangibles
 
10 - 15 years
    853       (74 )     779  
        $ 5,247     $ (349 )   $ 4,898  
 

CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
 
(4)       Goodwill and Intangible Assets (continued)
 
       
As of December 31, 2010
 
   
Amortization Period
 
Gross Carrying Amount
   
Accumulated Amortization
   
Net Carrying Amount
 
                       
Technology-based intangibles
 
20 years
  $ 4,062     $ (153 )   $ 3,909  
Customer-related intangibles
 
10 - 15 years
    828       (50 )     778  
        $ 4,890     $ (203 )   $ 4,687  
 
The change in the gross carrying amount is primarily due to the impact of foreign currency.
 
Amortization expense was $68 and $164 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, respectively. Amortization expense was $59 for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2010.
 
Amortization expense related to current intangible assets is expected to be approximately $273 for 2011 and approximately $270 for each of the next four years.
 
(5)       Investment in Partially-Owned Affiliate
 
The Company owns an equity stake in Zenara Pharma for which the Company recorded a loss of $303 and $667 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, respectively.  These amounts include amortization expense of $288 and $570, respectively.
 
(6)       Income Taxes
 
The Company recorded tax expense in continuing operations of $1,911 and $3,429 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, respectively, compared to $2,057 and $2,885 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively.  The decrease for the three months ended June 30, 2011 is due primarily to the geographic mix of income. The increase for the six months ended June 30, 2011 is due primarily to higher pre-tax earnings.
 
 The Company expects to maintain a full valuation allowance against its net domestic, and certain foreign, deferred tax assets, subject to the consideration of all prudent and feasible tax planning strategies, until such time as the Company attains an appropriate level of future profitability and the Company is able to conclude that it is more likely than not that its deferred tax assets are realizable.
 
As of January 1, 2011 the Company had approximately $4,085 of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties.  During the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, the Company increased its unrecognized tax benefits by $179 and $519, respectively, and decreased its unrecognized tax benefits by $0 and $57, respectively, primarily for current period tax positions and foreign currency translation.  Of the total balance of unrecognized tax benefits at June 30, 2011 approximately $4,120, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate.
 
 
CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
 
(6)       Income Taxes (continued)
 
In 2009, a subsidiary of the Company was examined by a European tax authority, who challenged the business purpose of the deductibility of certain intercompany transactions from 2003.  In the fourth quarter of 2009, the tax authorities notified the Company that they disagreed with the Company’s responses to their formal assessments.  In the first quarter of 2010, the Company filed an appeal to litigate the matter.  The first court date related to this matter was held in June 2011.  The court issued its ruling in favor of the Company in June, however, this ruling only applied to the smaller of the two assessments made by the authorities related to this matter.  The Company still believes this dispute to be in the early stages of the judicial process since any ruling reached by any of the courts may likely be appealed, and as such the final date of resolution and outcome of this matter are uncertain at this time.  However, it is possible that factors such as new developments, judgments, or settlements may require the Company to increase its reserve for unrecognized tax benefits by up to $8,500 or decrease its reserve by $5,800, including interest and penalties.  If the court rules against the Company in subsequent court proceedings, a payment of between $6,000 and $9,000 including interest and penalties will be due immediately while the case is appealed. The Company has analyzed these issues in accordance with guidance on uncertain tax positions and believes at this time that its reserves are adequate, and intends to vigorously defend itself.
 
In the next twelve months, the Company does not expect any material changes to its unrecognized tax benefits other than those disclosed above.
 
Tax years 2007 and forward in the U.S. are open to examination by the IRS.  The Company is also subject to examinations in its non-U.S. jurisdictions for 2006 and later years.
 
The Company is also subject to audits in various states for various years in which it has filed income tax returns.  In June 2011, the Company was notified by the New York tax authorities that its examination of open tax years was closed with no significant changes to the Company’s tax positions.  Previous state audits have resulted in immaterial adjustments.  Open years for the majority of states where the Company files are 2006 and forward.
 
(7)       Derivatives and Hedging Activities
 
The Company operates internationally and is exposed to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and interest rates in the normal course of business.  The Company considers the use of derivative financial instruments to reduce exposure to market risks resulting from fluctuations in interest rates and foreign exchange rates.
 
All financial instruments involve market and credit risks.  The Company is exposed to credit losses in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the contracts.  While there can be no assurance, the Company does not anticipate non-performance by these counterparties.
 
Foreign Currency Forward Contracts
 
The Company enters into forward exchange contracts to hedge forecasted cash flows associated with foreign currency transaction exposures, as deemed appropriate.  This hedging strategy mitigates some of the impact of short-term foreign exchange rate movements on the Company’s operating results, primarily in Sweden and Italy. The Company’s primary market risk relates to exposures to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on transactions entered into by these international operations that are denominated primarily in U.S. dollars, Swedish krona, and euros.
 
 
CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
 
(7)       Derivatives and Hedging Activities (continued)
 
The Company’s forward exchange contracts substantially offset gains and losses on the transactions being hedged.  The forward exchange contracts have varying maturities with none exceeding twelve months.
 
All forward contracts outstanding at June 30, 2011 have been designated as cash flow hedges and, accordingly, changes in the fair value of these derivatives are not included in earnings but are included in accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) (“AOCI”).  Changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments reported in AOCI will be recorded into earnings as a component of product revenue or expense, as applicable, when the forecasted transaction occurs.  The ineffective portion of all hedges is recognized in current-period earnings and is immaterial to the Company’s financial results.
 
The notional amounts of foreign exchange forward contracts were $14,386 and $19,094 at June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.
 
Included in AOCI is the fair value of the Company’s forward exchange contracts which is a loss of $258 and $101 as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.  These losses are located under the caption “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” on the balance sheet as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.
 
The Company recognized a pre-tax loss in OCI from foreign exchange contracts of $59 and $157 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, respectively.  The Company reclassified a pre-tax gain of $106 and $139 from AOCI into other revenue related to foreign exchange forward contracts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, respectively.  Assuming current market conditions continue, the entire amount recorded in AOCI related to foreign exchange forward contracts is expected to be recorded into other revenue within the next 12 months to reflect the fixed prices obtained from the forward contracts.
 
(8)       Fair Value Measurements
 
U.S. GAAP establishes a valuation hierarchy for disclosure of the inputs to the valuations used to measure fair value. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels as follows: Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2 inputs are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, including interest rates, yield curves and credit risks, or inputs that are derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data through correlation; Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. A financial asset or liability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  Valuation techniques used need to maximize the use of observable inputs or minimize the use of unobservable inputs.
 

CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
 (dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
 
(8)       Fair Value Measurements (continued)
 
The following tables provide the assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
 
         
Fair Value Measurements at June 30, 2011 using:
 
Description
 
Total
   
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for  Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Significant Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
 
Foreign currency forwards,
                       
liabilities
  $ 258     $     $ 258     $  
Total
  $ 258     $     $ 258     $  
 
         
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2010 using:
 
Description
 
Total
   
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Significant Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
 
Foreign currency forwards,
                       
liabilities
  $ 101     $     $ 101     $  
Total
  $ 101     $     $ 101     $  
 
The Company’s derivative assets and liabilities include foreign exchange forward contracts that are measured at fair value using observable market inputs such as forward rates, the Company’s credit risk and its counterparties’ credit risks.  Based on these inputs, the derivative assets and liabilities are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. Based on the Company’s continued ability to enter into forward contracts, the Company considers the markets for its fair value instruments to be active.
 
As of June 30, 2011, there had not been any significant impact to the fair value of the Company’s derivative liabilities due to its own credit risk. Similarly, there had not been any significant adverse impact to the Company’s derivative assets based on the Company’s evaluation of its counterparties’ credit risks.
 
The Company’s financial instruments also include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivables, accounts payables and accrued liabilities.  The carrying amount of these instruments approximates fair value because of their short-term nature.
 
(9)       Restructuring Expenses
 
During the third quarter 2010 the Company finalized a plan to restructure its operations at a manufacturing site which resulted in a reduction in workforce of 32 employees.  The plan included certain one-time benefits for terminated employees, all of which will be paid in cash.
 

CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
 (dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
 
(9)       Restructuring Expenses (continued)
 
The following table reflects the activity related to the restructuring reserves through June 30, 2011:
 
         
2011 Activity
       
   
December 31,
                     
June 30,
 
   
2010
                     
2011
 
   
Reserve Balance
   
Expense
   
Cash Payments
   
Translation Effect
   
Reserve Balance
 
                               
One-time employee benefits
    886             (468 )     44       462  
    $ 886     $     $ (468 )   $ 44     $ 462  
 
It is expected that this reserve will be paid in full by December 31, 2013.
 
(10)    Stock Based Compensation
 
The Company recognizes compensation costs for stock option awards to employees based on their grant-date fair value.  The value of each stock option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model.  The weighted-average fair value per share for stock options granted to employees during the six months ended June 30, 2011 was $2.91.  The weighted-average fair value per share for stock options granted to employees during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 was $2.45.
 
For the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, the Company recorded $254 and $296, respectively, in selling, general and administrative expenses for stock options.  For the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, the Company recorded $499 and $553, respectively, in selling, general and administrative expenses for stock options.  As of June 30, 2011, the total compensation cost related to unvested stock options not yet recognized was $1,927.  The cost will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 2.1 years.
 
For the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, the Company recorded $148 and $198, respectively, in selling, general and administrative expenses for restricted stock awards.  For the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, the Company recorded $202 and $393, respectively, in selling, general and administrative expenses for restricted stock awards.  As of June 30, 2011 the total compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock not yet recognized was $472.  The cost will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of one year.
 
The following table is a summary of the Company’s stock options:
 
Options
 
Number of Shares
   
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
             
Outstanding at January 1, 2011
    1,853,793     $ 7.51  
Granted
    80,000     $ 5.12  
Forfeited or expired
    (14,582 )   $ 21.87  
Outstanding at March 31, 2011
    1,919,211     $ 7.30  
Forfeited or expired
    (36,000 )   $ 20.41  
Outstanding at June 30, 2011
    1,883,211     $ 7.05  
Exercisable at June 30, 2011
    945,291     $ 8.69  

 
CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
 
(10)    Stock Based Compensation (continued)
 
The aggregate intrinsic values for all stock options outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2011 were $172 and $73, respectively.
 
The following table is a summary of the Company’s nonvested stock options and restricted stock:
 
   
Nonvested Stock Options
   
Nonvested Restricted Stock
 
   
Number of Shares
   
Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
   
Number of Shares
   
Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
 
                         
Nonvested at January 1, 2011
    990,170     $ 2.57       105,324     $ 6.17  
Granted
    80,000     $ 2.91           $  
Vested during period
    (5,000 )   $ 1.83       (46,425 )   $ 6.98  
Forfeited
    (6,000 )   $ 3.39           $  
Nonvested at March 31, 2011
    1,059,170     $ 2.60       58,899     $ 5.54  
Granted
        $       61,072     $ 5.24  
Vested during period
    (121,250 )   $ 2.14           $  
Nonvested at June 30, 2011
    937,920     $ 2.66       119,971     $ 5.39  
 
 (11)   Comprehensive Income/(Expense)
 
The following table shows the components of comprehensive income/(expense) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010:
 
   
Three months ended
   
Six months ended
 
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
                         
Net income
  $ 4,757     $ 4,771     $ 7,466     $ 6,454  
Foreign currency translation
    1,445       (15,083 )     12,819       (25,364 )
Unrealized (loss)/gain on hedging contracts, net of tax
    (52 )     404       (118 )     866  
Pension, net of tax
    269       256       543       513  
Total
  $ 6,419     $ (9,652 )   $ 20,710     $ (17,531 )
 
 
CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
 
 (12)   Retirement Plans
 
Domestic Pension Plan
 
The components of net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s domestic plan for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:
 
   
Three months ended
   
Six months ended
 
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
Components of net periodic benefit cost
                       
Interest cost
  $ 865     $ 879     $ 1,730     $ 1,759  
Expected return on plan assets
    (914 )     (794 )     (1,828 )     (1,588 )
Amortization of prior service costs
    109       109       218       218  
Recognized actuarial loss
    115       107       230       214  
Net periodic benefit cost
  $ 175     $ 301     $ 350     $ 603  
 
The Company contributed $3,951 to its U.S. defined-benefit pension plan during the first six months of 2011 and expects to contribute an additional $422 during the remainder of 2011.
 
The Company’s Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan is non-qualified and unfunded.  Net periodic benefit costs for the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 were $66 and $73, respectively.  Net periodic benefit costs for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 were $132 and $145, respectively.
 
International Pension Plan
 
The components of net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s international plan for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:
 
   
Three months ended
   
Six months ended
 
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
Components of net periodic benefit cost
                       
Service cost
  $ 160     $ 144     $ 320     $ 289  
Interest cost
    237       214       474       429  
Recognized actuarial loss
    28       26       56       52  
Amortization of prior service credit
    (2 )     (1 )     (4 )     (3 )
Net periodic benefit cost
  $ 423     $ 383     $ 846     $ 767  
 
 
CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
 (dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
 
(13)    Contingencies
 
The Company is subject to various investigations, claims and legal proceedings covering a wide range of matters that arise in the ordinary course of its business activities.  The Company continually assesses all known facts and circumstances as they pertain to all legal and environmental matters and evaluates the need for reserves and disclosures as deemed necessary based on these facts and circumstances.  These matters, either individually or in the aggregate, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, operating results and cash flows in a future reporting period.
 
Environmental
 
In connection with laws and regulations pertaining to the protection of the environment, the Company and its subsidiaries are a party to several environmental proceedings and remediation investigations and cleanups and, along with other companies, have been named a potentially responsible party (“PRP”) for certain waste disposal sites (“Superfund sites”).  Additionally, the Company has retained the liability for certain environmental proceedings associated with discontinued operations.
 
It is the Company’s policy to record appropriate liabilities for environmental matters where remedial efforts are probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated.  Such liabilities are based on the Company’s best estimate of the undiscounted future costs required to complete the remedial work.  Each of these matters is subject to various uncertainties, and it is possible that some of these matters will be decided unfavorably against the Company.  The resolution of such matters often spans several or more years and frequently involves regulatory oversight or adjudication.  Additionally, many remediation requirements are fluid and are likely to be affected by future technological, site, and regulatory developments.  Consequently, the ultimate liability with respect to such matters, as well as the timing of cash disbursements cannot be determined with certainty.
 
In matters where the Company has been able to reasonably estimate its liability, the Company has accrued for the estimated costs associated with the study and remediation of applicable sites not owned by the Company and the Company’s current and former operating sites.  These reserves were $7,064 and $7,017 at June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.  The increase in the reserve includes the impact of currency translation of $96 and adjustments to reserves of $79 partially offset by payments of $128.  The reserves are adjusted periodically as remediation efforts progress or as additional technical, regulatory or legal information become available.  Based upon available information and analysis, the Company’s current reserve represents management’s best estimate of the probable and estimable costs associated with environmental proceedings including amounts for investigation fees where full remediation costs may not be estimable at the reporting date.  Given the uncertainties regarding the status of laws, regulations, enforcement, policies, the impact of other PRPs, technology and information related to individual sites, the Company does not believe it is possible to currently develop an estimate of the range of reasonably possible environmental loss in excess of its reserves.
 
CasChem
 
As a result of the sale of the Bayonne, New Jersey facility, the Company became obligated to investigate site conditions and conduct required remediation under the New Jersey Industrial Site Recovery Act.  The Company intends to implement a sampling plan at the property in 2012 pursuant to the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection’s (“NJDEP”) private oversight program.  The results of the completed sampling, and any additional sampling deemed necessary, will be used to develop an estimate of the Company’s future liability for remediation costs, if any.
 
 
CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
 (dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
 
(13)    Contingencies (continued)
 
Cosan
 
In response to the NJDEP, the Company completed its initial investigation and submitted the results of the investigation and a proposed remediation plan to the NJDEP for its Cosan Clifton, New Jersey site.  The NJDEP subsequently rejected the remediation plan and requested additional investigative work at the site and that work is on-going.  The reserve was $1,032 at June 30, 2011 which was based on the initial remedial action plan.  The results of the additional investigative work may impact the remediation plan and costs.
 
         Additionally, the Company has a reserve of $895 for the Cosan Carlstadt, New Jersey site based on the investigations completed to date and the proposed remediation plan submitted to the NJDEP for its approval. The NJDEP has subsequently required the Company to perform additional investigative work prior to approval of the remediation plan.  The results of this additional investigative work may impact the remediation plan and costs.  The NJDEP has advised the Company that the site will be placed in the NJDEP’s private oversight program.  Under the program the Company will be required to implement a remediation plan in 2012. 
 
Berry’s Creek
 
The Company received a notice from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“USEPA”) that two former subsidiaries of the Company are considered PRPs at the Berry’s Creek Superfund Site in New Jersey.  These subsidiaries are among many other PRPs that were listed in the notice.  Pursuant to the notice, the PRPs have been asked to perform a remedial investigation and feasibility study of the Berry’s Creek Site.  The Company has joined the group of PRPs and filed a response to the USEPA agreeing to jointly conduct or fund an appropriate remedial investigation and feasibility study of the Berry’s Creek Site. The PRPs have engaged consultants to evaluate investigation and remedial alternatives and develop a method to allocate related costs among the PRPs.  As of June 30, 2011, the Company’s reserve was $111 to cover the initial phase of investigation based on a tentative agreement on the allocation of the site investigation costs among the PRPs.  The investigation is ongoing and at this time it is too early to predict the extent of any additional liabilities.
 
 Maybrook and Harriman Sites
 
The Company’s Nepera, Inc. subsidiary (“Nepera”) is named a PRP of the Maybrook Site in Hamptonburgh, New York by the USEPA in connection with the discharge, under appropriate permits, of wastewater at that site prior to Cambrex’s acquisition of Nepera in 1986.  The USEPA also issued the Company a Notice of Potential Liability and the Company signed a consent decree to complete the Record of Decision (“ROD”) and has provided the USEPA with appropriate financial assurance to guarantee the obligation under the consent decree.  The PRPs intend to begin to implement remedial action at this site in the third quarter of 2011.
 
Nepera is also named a responsible party of its former Harriman, New York production facility by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (“NYSDEC”).  A final ROD was issued which describes the remediation plan for the site.  Implementation of the ROD is on-going.  In December 2010 the NYSDEC notified Cambrex, Pfizer, and the current owners of the property that they intended to combine the investigation and remediation being conducted by various parties pursuant to different regulatory programs under one regulatory umbrella.  This development could potentially lead to increased liabilities for the Company.  There are on-going discussions between the NYSDEC and all parties to try to resolve this matter.
 
 
CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
 
(13)    Contingencies (continued)
 
As of June 30, 2011, the reserve recorded by the Company for Nepera was $2,050 and represents the Company’s best estimate to complete both RODs.
 
Scientific Chemical Processing (“SCP”) Superfund Site
 
Nepera was named a PRP of the SCP Superfund site, located in Carlstadt, New Jersey, in the early 1980’s along with approximately 130 other PRPs.  The site is a former waste processing facility that accepted various waste for recovery and disposal including processing wastewater from Nepera.  The PRPs are in the process of implementing a final remedy for soil and groundwater contamination at the site.  The SCP Superfund site has also been identified as a PRP in the Berry’s Creek Superfund site (see previous discussion).   For over a decade, the remediation has been funded by de minimus settlements and by the insurers of the SCP Superfund site’s owners and operators.  However, due to an unexpected increase in remediation costs at the site and costs to contribute to the Berry’s Creek investigation, the PRP group has recently approved the assessment of an additional cash contribution by the PRP group.  While the Company disputes the methodology used by the PRP group to arrive at its allocation for the cash contribution, the Company has paid the initial funding request and has established a reserve for the remaining allocation in the amount of $261.
 
Solvent Recoveries Superfund Site
 
A subsidiary of the Company is one of approximately 1,300 PRPs at a Superfund site in Southington, Connecticut, once operated by Solvent Recoveries, Inc.  The PRP group has completed a Remedial Investigation and Feasibility Study and the USEPA has proposed remediation of the site.  In 2008, the Company agreed to enter into a consent decree and settlement with the other PRPs and the USEPA whereby the Company agreed to pay a settlement amount of $353 with an initial payment of $106 and the remaining $247 to be paid in installments over time as the remediation proceeds.  The Company has reserved for the unpaid portion of the settlement and has issued a letter of credit to guarantee the payment obligation under the settlement.
 
Newark Bay Complex Litigation
 
CasChem and Cosan have been named as two of several hundred third-party defendants in a third-party complaint filed in February 2009, by Maxus Energy Corporation (“Maxus”) and Tierra Solutions, Inc. (“Tierra”).  The original plaintiffs include the NJDEP, the Commissioner of the NJDEP and the Administrator of the New Jersey Spill Compensation Fund, which originally filed suit in 2005 against Maxus, Tierra and other defendants seeking recovery of cleanup and removal costs for alleged discharges of dioxin and other hazardous substances into the Passaic River, Newark Bay, Hackensack River, Arthur Kill, Kill Van Kull and adjacent waters (the “Newark Bay Complex”).  Maxus and Tierra are now seeking contributions from third-party defendants, including subsidiaries of the Company, for cleanup and removal costs for which each may be held liable in the primary lawsuit. Maxus and Tierra also seek recovery for cleanup and removal costs that each has incurred or will incur relating to the Newark Bay Complex.  The Company expects to vigorously defend against the lawsuit. At this time it is too early to predict whether the Company will have any liability in this matter.
 
The Company is involved in other environmental matters where the range of liability is not reasonably estimable at this time and it is not foreseeable when information will become available to provide a basis for adjusting or recording a reserve, should a reserve ultimately be required.
 
 
CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
 
(13)    Contingencies (continued)
 
Litigation and Other Matters
 
Lorazepam and Clorazepate
 
In 1998, the Company and a subsidiary were named as defendants along with Mylan Laboratories, Inc. (“Mylan”) and Gyma Laboratories, Inc. (“Gyma”) in a proceeding instituted by the Federal Trade Commission in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia (the “District Court”).  Suits were also commenced by several State Attorneys’ General and class action complaints by private plaintiffs in various state courts.  The suits alleged violations of the Federal Trade Commission Act arising from exclusive license agreements between the Company and Mylan covering two active pharmaceutical ingredients (Lorazepam and Clorazepate).
 
All cases have been resolved except for one brought by four health care insurers. In the remaining case the District Court entered judgment after trial in 2008 against Mylan, Gyma and Cambrex in the amount of $8,355, payable jointly and severally, and also a punitive damage award against each defendant in the amount of $16,709.  In addition, the District Court ruled that the defendants were subject to a total of approximately $7,000 in prejudgment interest.  In January 2011, the Court of Appeals remanded the case to the district court to determine which parties were properly before the court and to what extent the removal of certain parties from the case that do not meet jurisdictional requirements may affect damages. The Court of Appeals further declined to issue an opinion with respect to the merits of Mylan, Gyma and Cambrex’s objections to the jury’s damage award until such time as the jurisdiction issue is resolved by the district court.
  
In 2003, Cambrex paid $12,415 to Mylan in exchange for a release and full indemnity against future costs or liabilities in related litigation brought by the purchasers of Lorazepam and Clorazepate, as well as potential future claims related to the ongoing matter.  In the event of a final settlement or final judgment, Cambrex expects any payment required by the Company to be made by Mylan under the indemnity described above.


CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
 
 
Executive Overview
 
The following significant events occurred during the second quarter of 2011:
 
      ●
Sales increased 17.6% on a reported basis compared to the second quarter of 2010.  Sales, excluding currency impact, increased 6.9%.
      ●
Gross margins decreased on a reported basis to 28.2% from 31.2% in the second quarter of 2010.  Gross margin, excluding currency impact, decreased to 30.5% in the second quarter of 2011.
      ●
Debt, net of cash, decreased $7,072 during the second quarter of 2011.
 
Results of Operations
 
Comparison of Second Quarter of 2011 versus Second Quarter of 2010
 
Gross sales in the second quarter of 2011 of $67,484 were $10,081 or 17.6% higher than the second quarter of 2010.  Excluding a 10.7% favorable impact of foreign exchange reflecting a weaker U.S. dollar compared to the second quarter of 2010, sales increased 6.9%.  The increase is primarily due to higher volumes of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (“API”) to a customer who experienced a disruption in their supply chain for most of 2010, higher volumes of generic APIs and increased volumes for a recently approved product. These increases were partially offset by the timing of orders for certain products, lower custom development shipments and lower pricing across several product categories.
 
Gross margins in the second quarter of 2011 decreased to 28.2% from 31.2% in the second quarter of 2010.  Excluding an unfavorable impact from foreign currency, second quarter of 2011 margins decreased to 30.5%.  Gross profit in the second quarter of 2011 was $19,057 compared to $17,933 in the same period last year.  The decline in gross margins was a result of lower pricing partially offset by higher production volumes, favorable product mix and lower production costs.
 
The following table reflects sales by geographic area for the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010:
 
   
Three months ended June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
             
Europe
  $ 41,848     $ 30,136  
North America
    19,864       20,329  
Asia
    2,190       4,427  
Other
    3,582       2,511  
Total gross sales
  $ 67,484     $ 57,403  
 
Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses of $9,191 in the second quarter of 2011 increased compared to $8,184 in the second quarter of 2010.  The increase is primarily the result of unfavorable foreign exchange.  SG&A, as a percentage of gross sales, was 13.6% and 14.3% in the second quarters of 2011 and 2010, respectively.
 
Research and development (“R&D”) expenses of $2,572 were 3.8% of gross sales in the second quarter of 2011, compared to $2,841 or 4.9% of gross sales in the second quarter of 2010.


Results of Operations (continued)
 
Comparison of Second Quarter of 2011 versus Second Quarter of 2010 (continued)
 
Operating profit in the second quarter of 2011 was $7,294 compared to $6,908 in the second quarter of 2010.  As described above, increased profits driven by higher sales volumes and lower production costs were partially offset by lower pricing and the negative impact of foreign exchange.
 
Net interest expense was $605 in the second quarter of 2011 compared to $1,171 in the second quarter of 2010.  The average interest rate on debt was 1.5% in the second quarter of 2011 versus 3.7% in the second quarter of 2010.  The Company had higher fixed rate debt of 4.48% (representing approximately 54% of the total average debt outstanding) in the second quarter of 2010.  Interest rate swaps associated with this fixed rate debt expired in October 2010 resulting in a lower weighted average interest rate in the current quarter.
 
Equity in losses of partially-owned affiliate of $303, including amortization expense of $288, in the second quarter of 2011 represents the Company’s portion of Zenara Pharma’s net loss.
 
The tax provision from continuing operations in the second quarter of 2011 was $1,911 compared to $2,057 in the second quarter of 2010.  The decrease is due primarily to the geographic mix of income.  The Company expects to maintain a full valuation allowance against its net domestic, and certain foreign, deferred tax assets, subject to the consideration of all prudent and feasible tax planning strategies, until such time as the Company attains an appropriate level of future profitability and the Company is able to conclude that it is more likely than not that its deferred tax assets are realizable.  If the Company continues to report pre-tax losses in the United States and certain foreign jurisdictions, income tax benefits associated with those losses will not be recognized and, therefore, those losses would not be reduced by such income tax benefits.  As such, improvements in pre-tax income in the future within these jurisdictions where the Company maintains a valuation allowance may result in these tax benefits ultimately being realized.  However, there is no assurance that such improvements will be achieved.
 
In 2009, a subsidiary of the Company was examined by a European tax authority, who challenged the business purpose of the deductibility of certain intercompany transactions from 2003.  In the fourth quarter of 2009, the tax authorities notified the Company that they disagreed with the Company’s responses to their formal assessments.  In the first quarter of 2010, the Company filed an appeal to litigate the matter.  The first court date related to this matter was held in June 2011.  The court issued its ruling in favor of the Company in June, however, this ruling only applied to the smaller of the two assessments made by the authorities related to this matter.  The Company still believes this dispute to be in the early stages of the judicial process since any ruling reached by any of the courts may likely be appealed, and as such the final date of resolution and outcome of this matter are uncertain at this time.  However, it is possible that factors such as new developments, judgments, or settlements may require the Company to increase its reserve for unrecognized tax benefits by up to $8,500 or decrease its reserve by $5,800, including interest and penalties.  If the court rules against the Company in subsequent court proceedings, a payment of between $6,000 and $9,000 including interest and penalties will be due immediately while the case is appealed. The Company has analyzed these issues in accordance with guidance on uncertain tax positions and believes at this time that its reserves are adequate, and intends to vigorously defend itself.
 
Income from continuing operations in the second quarter of 2011 was $4,757, or $0.16 per diluted share, versus $3,666, or $0.12 per diluted share in the same period a year ago.
 

Results of Operations (continued)
 
Comparison of First Six Months of 2011 versus First Six Months of 2010
 
Gross sales in the first six months of 2011 of $129,138 were $15,580 or 13.7% higher than the first six months of 2010.  Excluding a 6.8% favorable impact of foreign exchange reflecting a weaker U.S. dollar compared to the first six months of 2010, sales increased 6.9%.  The increase is primarily due to higher volumes of an API to a customer who experienced a disruption in their supply chain for most of 2010, higher volumes of generic APIs and increased volumes for a recently approved product. These increases were partially offset by the timing of orders for certain products, lower custom development shipments and lower pricing across several product categories.
 
Gross margins in the first six months of 2011 decreased to 28.3% from 28.6% in the first six months of 2010.  Excluding an unfavorable impact from foreign currency, margins in the first six months of 2011 increased to 30.4%.  Gross profit in the first six months of 2011 was $36,512 compared to $32,426 in the same period last year.  Excluding foreign currency, gross margins were positively impacted by higher production volumes, favorable product mix and lower production costs, partially offset by lower pricing.
 
The following table reflects sales by geographic area for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010:
 
   
Six months ended June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
             
Europe
  $ 77,407     $ 59,180  
North America
    40,468       43,906  
Asia
    5,809       6,457  
Other
    5,454       4,015  
Total gross sales
  $ 129,138     $ 113,558  
 
SG&A expenses of $18,279 in the first six months of 2011 increased compared to $16,980 in the first six months of 2010.  The increase is primarily the result of unfavorable foreign exchange.  SG&A, as a percentage of gross sales, was 14.2% and 15.0% in the first six months of 2011 and 2010, respectively.
 
R&D expenses of $5,632 were 4.4% of gross sales in the first six months of 2011, compared to $4,826 or 4.2% of gross sales in the first six months of 2010.  The increase is primarily due to unfavorable foreign exchange and the March 2010 acquisition of IEP GmbH.
 
Operating profit in the first six months of 2011 was $12,601 compared to $10,620 in the first six months of 2010.  As described above, increased profits driven by higher sales volumes were partially offset by lower pricing and the negative impact of foreign exchange.
 
Net interest expense was $1,178 in the first six months of 2011 compared to $2,369 in the first six months of 2010.  The average interest rate on debt was 1.5% in the first six months of 2011 versus 3.6% in the first six months of 2010.  The Company had higher fixed rate debt of 4.48% (representing approximately 51% of the total average debt outstanding) in the first six months of 2010.  Interest rate swaps associated with this fixed rate debt expired in October 2010 resulting in a lower weighted average interest rate in the first six months of 2011.
 
Equity in losses of partially-owned affiliate of $667, including amortization expense of $570, in the first six months of 2011 represents the Company’s portion of Zenara Pharma’s net loss.
 

Results of Operations (continued)
 
Comparison of First Six months of 2011 versus First Six months of 2010 (continued)
 
The tax provision from continuing operations in the first six months of 2011 was $3,429 compared to $2,885 in the first six months of 2010.  The increase is primarily due to higher pre-tax earnings.  The Company expects to maintain a full valuation allowance against its net domestic, and certain foreign, deferred tax assets, subject to the consideration of all prudent and feasible tax planning strategies, until such time as the Company attains an appropriate level of future profitability and the Company is able to conclude that it is more likely than not that its deferred tax assets are realizable.  If the Company continues to report pre-tax losses in the United States and certain foreign jurisdictions, income tax benefits associated with those losses will not be recognized and, therefore, those losses would not be reduced by such income tax benefits.  As such, improvements in pre-tax income in the future within these jurisdictions where the Company maintains a valuation allowance may result in these tax benefits ultimately being realized.  However, there is no assurance that such improvements will be achieved.
 
In 2009, a subsidiary of the Company was examined by a European tax authority, who challenged the business purpose of the deductibility of certain intercompany transactions from 2003.  In the fourth quarter of 2009, the tax authorities notified the Company that they disagreed with the Company’s responses to their formal assessments.  In the first quarter of 2010, the Company filed an appeal to litigate the matter.  The first court date related to this matter was held in June 2011.  The court issued its ruling in favor of the Company in June, however, this ruling only applied to the smaller of the two assessments made by the authorities related to this matter.  The Company still believes this dispute to be in the early stages of the judicial process since any ruling reached by any of the courts may likely be appealed, and as such the final date of resolution and outcome of this matter are uncertain at this time.  However, it is possible that factors such as new developments, judgments, or settlements may require the Company to increase its reserve for unrecognized tax benefits by up to $8,500 or decrease its reserve by $5,800, including interest and penalties.  If the court rules against the Company in subsequent court proceedings, a payment of between $6,000 and $9,000 including interest and penalties will be due immediately while the case is appealed. The Company has analyzed these issues in accordance with guidance on uncertain tax positions and believes at this time that its reserves are adequate, and intends to vigorously defend itself.
 
Income from continuing operations in the first six months of 2011 was $7,612, or $0.26 per diluted share, versus $5,349, or $0.18 per diluted share in the same period a year ago.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Cash and cash equivalents increased $11,297 in the first six months of 2011.   During the first six months of 2011, cash provided by operations was $13,466 versus $8,973 in the same period a year ago.  Cash flows provided by operations in the first six months of 2011 compared to the first six months of 2010 was favorably impacted by greater cash collections of accounts receivable and higher net income partially offset by higher pension contributions of $3,983.
 
Cash flows in the first six months of 2011 related to capital expenditures were $4,690 compared to $5,097 in 2010.  The majority of the funds in 2011 and 2010 were used for capital improvements to existing facilities.
 
Cash flows provided by financing activities in the first six months of 2011 were $168 compared to cash flows used in financing activities of $20,846 in the same period a year ago.  Cash inflows in 2011 related to net borrowings from the Company’s credit facility while 2010 related to the net pay down of the Company’s credit facility.
 
The Company’s five year Syndicated Senior Revolving Credit Facility (“credit facility”) expires in April 2012.  As a result, the Company reclassified the balance on the credit facility from “Long-term debt” to “Current portion of long-term debt” on the balance sheet as of June 30, 2011.  The Company expects to refinance this credit facility prior to its expiration but there is no assurance that the Company will be able to do so.
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources (continued)
 
The Company believes that cash flows from operations along with funds available from the anticipated refinancing of the revolving line of credit will be adequate to meet the operational and debt servicing needs of the Company, but no assurances can be given that this will continue to be the case.
 
The Company’s forecasted cash flow from future operations may be adversely affected by various factors including, but not limited to, declines in customer demand, increased competition, the deterioration in general economic and business conditions, returns on assets within the Company’s domestic pension plans that are significantly below expected performance, as well as other factors.  See the “Risk Factors” section of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2010 for further explanation of factors that may negatively impact the Company’s cash flows.  Any change in the current status of these factors could adversely impact the Company’s ability to fund operating cash flow requirements.
 
The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants at June 30, 2011.
 
Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
Fair Value Measurements
 
In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures - Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements.”  This statement requires new disclosures and clarifies some existing disclosure requirements about fair value measurement.  Disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements in the roll forward of activity in Level 3 fair value measurements are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010, and for interim periods within those fiscal years.  The effect of adopting this pronouncement did not have an impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
 
Revenue Recognition – Milestone Method
 
In April 2010, the Emerging Issues Task Force issued “Revenue Recognition – Milestone Method.”  This issue provides guidance on defining a milestone and determining when it may be appropriate to apply the milestone method of revenue recognition for research or development transactions.  This issue is effective on a prospective basis for milestones achieved in fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2010.  The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
 
Comprehensive Income
 
In June 2011, the FASB issued “Comprehensive Income – Presentation of Comprehensive Income”.  This statement gives companies two options for presenting other comprehensive income (“OCI”), which currently is included near the statement of shareholder’s equity.  An OCI statement can be included with the income statement, which together will make a statement of total comprehensive income.  Alternatively, companies can have an OCI statement separate from an income statement, but the two statements will have to appear consecutively within a financial report.  This statement is effective for fiscal quarters and years beginning after December 15, 2011.  The effect of adopting this statement will not have an impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.


 
There has been no significant change in the Company’s exposure to market risk during the first six months of 2011.  For a discussion of the Company’s exposure to market risk, refer to Part II, Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,” contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2010.
 
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q.  Based on that evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting  
 
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
 
CAMBREX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
 
See the discussion under Part I, Item 1, Note 13 to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
There have been no material changes to the Company’s risk factors and uncertainties during the first six months of 2011.  For a discussion of the Risk Factors, Refer to Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2010.
 
 
Form of Performance Share Agreement.
   
Section 302 Certification Statement of the Chief Executive Officer.
   
Section 302 Certification Statement of the Chief Financial Officer.
   
Section 906 Certification Statements of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.
   
Exhibit 101.INS***
XBRL Instance Document
   
Exhibit 101.SCH***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
   
Exhibit 101.CAL***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
   
Exhibit 101.DEF***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
   
Exhibit 101.LAB***  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
   
Exhibit 101.PRE***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
 
 * Filed herein
** Furnished herewith
*** Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, these interactive data files are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Secitons 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 or Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and otherwise not subject to liability.
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
    CAMBREX CORPORATION  
       
  By /s/Gregory P. Sargen  
   
Gregory P. Sargen
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(On behalf of the Registrant and as the
Registrant’s Principal Financial Officer)
 
 
Dated:  August 3, 2011
 
 
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