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8-K - IBKR 8-K 2020-09-30 - Interactive Brokers Group, Inc.ibkr_8k-20200930.htm
INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP ANNOUNCES 3Q2020 RESULTS

— — —

DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE OF $0.58, ADJUSTED DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE OF $0.53.
PRETAX INCOME OF $334 MILLION ON $548 MILLION IN NET REVENUES.
ADJUSTED PRETAX INCOME OF $304 MILLION ON $518 MILLION IN ADJUSTED NET REVENUES1.
DECLARES QUARTERLY DIVIDEND OF $0.10 PER SHARE.

GREENWICH, CONN, October 20, 2020 — Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. (Nasdaq: IBKR), an automated global electronic broker, reported diluted earnings per share of $0.58 for the quarter ended September 30, 2020 compared to $0.45 for the same period in 2019, and adjusted diluted earnings per share of $0.53 for this quarter compared to $0.57 for the year-ago quarter.

Net revenues were $548 million and income before income taxes was $334 million this quarter, compared to net revenues of $466 million and income before income taxes of $281 million for the same period in 2019. Adjusted net revenues were $518 million and adjusted income before income taxes was $304 million this quarter, compared to adjusted net revenues of $525 million and adjusted income before income taxes of $340 million for the same period in 2019.

Financial Highlights

Commission revenue showed strong growth, increasing $92 million, or 49%, from the year-ago quarter on higher customer trading volumes within an active trading environment worldwide.

Net interest income decreased $96 million, or 33%, from the year-ago quarter as the average Federal Funds effective rate decreased to 0.09% from 2.19% in the year-ago quarter.

Other income increased $76 million from the year-ago quarter. This increase was mainly comprised of (1) $74 million related to our currency diversification strategy, which gained $27 million this quarter compared to a loss of $47 million in the same period in 2019; and (2) $19 million related to our strategic investment in Up Fintech Holding Limited (“Tiger Brokers”), which swung to a $6 million mark-to-market gain this quarter from a $13 million mark-to-market loss in the same period in 2019; partially offset by (3) a $13 million impairment loss on our investment in OneChicago Exchange recognized in this quarter.

61% pretax profit margin for this quarter, up from 60% in the year-ago quarter. 59% adjusted pretax profit margin for this quarter, down from 65% in the year-ago quarter.

Total equity of $8.5 billion.

The Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.10 per share. This dividend is payable on December 14, 2020 to shareholders of record as of December 1, 2020.




1 See the reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures starting on page 10.
1

Business Highlights

Customer equity grew 49% from the year-ago quarter to $232.7 billion.
Customer credits increased 27% from the year-ago quarter to $70.8 billion.
Customer margin loans increased 17% from the year-ago quarter to $30.0 billion.
Customer accounts increased 47% from the year-ago quarter to 981 thousand.
Total DARTs2 increased 113% from the year-ago quarter to 1.83 million.
Cleared DARTs increased 110% from the year-ago quarter to 1.63 million.

COVID-19 Pandemic

In March 2020, the World Health Organization recognized the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a novel strain of the coronavirus as a pandemic. The pandemic affects all countries in which we operate. The response of governments and societies to the COVID-19 pandemic, which includes temporary closures of certain businesses; social distancing; travel restrictions, “shelter in place” and other governmental regulations; and reduced consumer spending due to job losses, has significantly impacted market volatility and general economic conditions.

The COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated unprecedented market conditions with equally unprecedented social and community challenges. Amid these challenges:

The Company is committed to ensuring the highest levels of service to its customers so they can effectively manage their assets, portfolios and risks. The Company’s technical infrastructure has withstood the challenges presented by the extraordinary volatility and increased market volume.

The Company can run its business from alternate office locations and/or remotely if a Company office must temporarily close due to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic.

As announced on April 9, 2020, during the second quarter of 2020 the Company donated $5 million to assist efforts to provide food and support for people affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States as well as to advance medical solutions.

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s financial results for the third quarter of 2020 can be summarized as follows: (1) higher commission revenue due to increased trading activity and a higher rate of customer accounts opened during this period; and (2) lower net interest income resulting from lower benchmark interest rates.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s future financial results could be significant but currently cannot be quantified, as it depends on numerous evolving factors that currently cannot be accurately predicted, including, but not limited to the duration and spread of the pandemic; its impact on our customers, employees and vendors; governmental actions in response to the pandemic; and the overall impact of the pandemic in the economy and society; among other factors. Any of these events could have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s financial results.

Effects of Foreign Currency Diversification

In connection with our currency diversification strategy, we base our net worth in GLOBALs, a basket of 10 major currencies in which we hold our equity. In this quarter, our currency diversification strategy increased our comprehensive earnings by $72 million, as the U.S. dollar value of the GLOBAL increased by approximately 0.91%. The effects of the currency diversification strategy are reported as components of (1) Other Income ($27 million) and (2) Other Comprehensive Income ($45 million).



2 Daily average revenue trades (DARTs) are based on customer orders.
2


Conference Call Information:
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. will hold a conference call with investors today, October 20, 2020, at 4:30 p.m. ET to discuss its quarterly results.  Investors who would like to listen to the conference call live should dial 877-324-1965 (U.S. domestic) and 631-291-4512 (international). The number should be dialed approximately ten minutes prior to the start of the conference call. Ask for the “Interactive Brokers Conference Call.”
The conference call will also be accessible simultaneously, and through replays, as an audio webcast through the Investor Relations section of the Interactive Brokers web site, www.interactivebrokers.com/ir.
About Interactive Brokers Group, Inc.:
Interactive Brokers Group affiliates provide automated trade execution and custody of securities, commodities and foreign exchange around the clock on over 135 markets in numerous countries and currencies, from a single IBKR Integrated Investment Account to clients worldwide. We service individual investors, hedge funds, proprietary trading groups, financial advisors and introducing brokers. Our four decades of focus on technology and automation has enabled us to equip our clients with a uniquely sophisticated platform to manage their investment portfolios. We strive to provide our clients with advantageous execution prices and trading, risk and portfolio management tools, research facilities and investment products, all at low or no cost, positioning them to achieve superior returns on investments. Barron’s ranked Interactive Brokers #1 with 5 out of 5 stars in its February 24, 2020, Best Online Broker Review.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements:
The foregoing information contains certain forward-looking statements that reflect the Company’s current views with respect to certain current and future events and financial performance. These forward-looking statements are and will be, as the case may be, subject to many risks, uncertainties and factors relating to the Company’s operations and business environment which may cause the Company’s actual results to be materially different from any future results, expressed or implied, in these forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements in this release are based upon information available to the Company on the date of this release. The Company does not undertake to publicly update or revise its forward-looking statements even if experience or future changes make it clear that any statements expressed or implied therein will not be realized. Additional information on risk factors that could potentially affect the Company’s financial results may be found in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.


For Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. Investors: Nancy Stuebe, 203-618-4070 or Media: Kalen Holliday, 203-618-4069.
3

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
OPERATING DATA
TRADE VOLUMES:
(in 000's, except %)

   
Cleared
     
Non-Cleared
                     
Avg. Trades
   
Customer
 
%
 
Customer
 
%
 
Principal
 
%
 
Total
 
%
 
per U.S.
Period
 
Trades
 
Change
 
Trades
 
Change
 
Trades
 
Change
 
Trades
 
Change
 
Trading Day
2017
 
              265,501
     
       14,835
     
       31,282
     
     311,618
     
            1,246
2018
 
              328,099
 
24%
 
       21,880
 
47%
 
       18,663
 
 (40%)
 
     368,642
 
18%
 
            1,478
2019
 
              302,289
 
 (8%)
 
       26,346
 
20%
 
       17,136
 
 (8%)
 
     345,771
 
 (6%)
 
            1,380
                                     
3Q2019
 
                78,793
     
         6,566
     
         4,738
     
       90,097
     
            1,419
3Q2020
 
              160,015
 
103%
 
       14,701
 
124%
 
         7,453
 
57%
 
     182,169
 
102%
 
            2,846
                                     
2Q2020
 
              153,212
     
       13,752
     
         7,252
     
     174,216
     
            2,765
3Q2020
 
              160,015
 
4%
 
       14,701
 
7%
 
         7,453
 
3%
 
     182,169
 
5%
 
            2,846

CONTRACT AND SHARE VOLUMES:
(in 000's, except %)
 
TOTAL
   
Options
 
%
 
Futures1
 
%
 
Stocks
 
%
Period
 
(contracts)
 
Change
 
(contracts)
 
Change
 
(shares)
 
Change
2017
 
     395,885
     
     124,123
     
   220,247,921
   
2018
 
     408,406
 
3%
 
     151,762
 
22%
 
   210,257,186
 
 (5%)
2019
 
     390,739
 
 (4%)
 
     128,770
 
 (15%)
 
   176,752,967
 
 (16%)
                         
3Q2019
 
     103,972
     
       36,124
     
     43,107,364
   
3Q2020
 
     163,972
 
58%
 
       39,186
 
8%
 
     87,514,614
 
103%
                         
2Q2020
 
     151,665
     
       43,393
     
     67,637,445
   
3Q2020
 
     163,972
 
8%
 
       39,186
 
 (10%)
 
     87,514,614
 
29%

ALL CUSTOMERS
   
Options
 
%
 
Futures1
 
%
 
Stocks
 
%
Period
 
(contracts)
 
Change
 
(contracts)
 
Change
 
(shares)
 
Change
2017
 
     293,860
     
     118,427
     
   213,108,299
   
2018
 
     358,852
 
22%
 
     148,485
 
25%
 
   198,909,375
 
 (7%)
2019
 
     349,287
 
 (3%)
 
     126,363
 
 (15%)
 
   167,826,490
 
 (16%)
                         
3Q2019
 
       93,124
     
       35,427
     
     41,025,047
   
3Q2020
 
     153,612
 
65%
 
       38,685
 
9%
 
     85,893,357
 
109%
                         
2Q2020
 
     140,787
     
       42,582
     
     65,818,295
   
3Q2020
 
     153,612
 
9%
 
       38,685
 
 (9%)
 
     85,893,357
 
31%

CLEARED CUSTOMERS
   
Options
 
%
 
Futures1
 
%
 
Stocks
 
%
Period
 
(contracts)
 
Change
 
(contracts)
 
Change
 
(shares)
 
Change
2017
 
     253,304
     
     116,858
     
   209,435,662
   
2018
 
     313,795
 
24%
 
     146,806
 
26%
 
   194,012,882
 
 (7%)
2019
 
     302,068
 
 (4%)
 
     125,225
 
 (15%)
 
   163,030,500
 
 (16%)
                         
3Q2019
 
       80,840
     
       35,108
     
     39,891,867
   
3Q2020
 
     137,660
 
70%
 
       38,405
 
9%
 
     83,246,086
 
109%
                         
2Q2020
 
     124,010
     
       42,259
     
     62,937,898
   
3Q2020
 
     137,660
 
11%
 
       38,405
 
 (9%)
 
     83,246,086
 
32%


1
Includes options on futures.

4

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
OPERATING DATA, CONTINUED

PRINCIPAL TRANSACTIONS
   
Options
 
%
 
Futures1
 
%
 
Stocks
 
%
Period
 
(contracts)
 
Change
 
(contracts)
 
Change
 
(shares)
 
Change
2017
 
     102,025
     
         5,696
     
       7,139,622
   
2018
 
       49,554
 
 (51%)
 
         3,277
 
 (42%)
 
     11,347,811
 
59%
2019
 
       41,452
 
 (16%)
 
         2,407
 
 (27%)
 
       8,926,477
 
 (21%)
                         
3Q2019
 
       10,848
     
           697
     
       2,082,317
   
3Q2020
 
       10,360
 
 (4%)
 
           501
 
 (28%)
 
       1,621,257
 
 (22%)
                         
2Q2020
 
       10,878
     
           811
     
       1,819,150
   
3Q2020
 
       10,360
 
 (5%)
 
           501
 
 (38%)
 
       1,621,257
 
 (11%)


1
Includes options on futures.
CUSTOMER STATISTICS
Year over Year
   
3Q2020
   
3Q2019
 
% Change
   Total Accounts (in thousands)
 
                 981
   
                 666
 
47%
   Customer Equity (in billions)1
 
$
232.7
 
$
156.6
 
49%
                 
   Cleared DARTs (in thousands)
   
               1,629
   
                 777
 
110%
   Total Customer DARTs (in thousands)
 
               1,832
   
                 859
 
113%
                 
Cleared Customers
               
   Commission per Cleared Commissionable Order2
$
2.69
 
$
3.69
 
 (27%)
   Cleared Avg. DARTs per Account (Annualized)
 
                 442
   
                 297
 
49%
   Net Revenue per Avg. Account (Annualized)
$
2,154
 
$
2,995
 
 (28%)
                 
Consecutive Quarters
   
3Q2020
   
2Q2020
 
% Change
   Total Accounts (in thousands)
 
                 981
   
                 876
 
12%
   Customer Equity (in billions)1
 
$
232.7
 
$
203.2
 
15%
                 
   Cleared DARTs (in thousands)
   
               1,629
   
               1,558
 
5%
   Total Customer DARTs (in thousands)
 
               1,832
   
               1,746
 
5%
                 
Cleared Customers
               
   Commission per Cleared Commissionable Order2
$
2.69
 
$
2.81
 
 (4%)
   Cleared Avg. DARTs per Account (Annualized)
 
                 442
   
                 480
 
 (8%)
   Net Revenue per Avg. Account (Annualized)
$
2,154
 
$
2,442
 
 (12%)


1
Excludes non-customers.
   
2
Commissionable Order - a customer order that generates commissions.
 
5

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NET INTEREST MARGIN
(UNAUDITED)

       
Three Months
 
Nine Months
       
Ended September 30,
 
Ended September 30,
       
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
       
(in millions)
Average interest-earning assets
                       
 
Segregated cash and securities
 
$
              43,589
 
$
              29,443
 
$
              41,283
 
$
              27,384
 
Customer margin loans
   
              28,490
   
              26,134
   
              27,052
   
              26,014
 
Securities borrowed
   
                4,477
   
                4,036
   
                4,448
   
                3,900
 
Other interest-earning assets
   
                5,075
   
                5,362
   
                5,288
   
                5,202
 
FDIC sweeps1
   
                2,982
   
                2,151
   
                2,864
   
                1,999
       
$
              84,613
 
$
              67,126
 
$
              80,935
 
$
              64,499
                             
Average interest-bearing liabilities
                       
 
Customer credit balances
 
$
              68,867
 
$
              53,762
 
$
              65,716
 
$
              51,786
 
Securities loaned
   
                5,756
   
                4,160
   
                5,304
   
                3,993
 
Other interest-bearing liabilities
   
                   251
   
                   173
   
                   313
 
 
                     78
       
$
              74,874
 
$
              58,095
 
$
              71,333
 
$
              55,857
                             
Net interest income
                       
 
Segregated cash and securities, net
 
$
                     14
 
$
                   153
 
$
                   159
 
$
                   434
 
Customer margin loans2
   
                     83
   
                   175
   
                   287
   
                   537
 
Securities borrowed and loaned, net
   
                     86
   
                     77
   
                   228
   
                   177
 
Customer credit balances, net2
   
                       8
   
                  (137)
   
                    (55)
   
                  (421)
 
Other net interest income1/3
   
                     10
   
                     31
   
                     47
   
                     94
   
Net interest income3
 
$
                   201
 
$
                   299
 
$
                   666
 
$
                   821
                             
Net interest margin ("NIM")
   
0.94%
   
1.77%
   
1.10%
   
1.70%
                             
Annualized yields
                       
 
Segregated cash and securities
   
0.13%
   
2.06%
   
0.51%
   
2.12%
 
Customer margin loans
   
1.16%
   
2.66%
   
1.41%
   
2.76%
 
Customer credit balances
   
-0.05%
   
1.01%
   
0.11%
   
1.09%


1
Represents the average amount of customer cash swept into FDIC-insured banks as part of our Insured Bank Deposit Sweep Program. This item is not recorded in the Company's consolidated statements of financial condition. Income derived from program deposits is reported in other net interest income in the table above.
                             
2
Interest income and interest expense on customer margin loans and customer credit balances, respectively, are calculated on daily cash balances within each customer’s account on a net basis, which may result in an offset of balances across multiple account segments (e.g., between securities and commodities segments).   
                             
3
Includes income from financial instruments that has the same characteristics as interest, but is reported in other fees and services and other income in the Company’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, $6 million, $4 million, $14 million, and $10 million were reported in other fees and services, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, $0 million, $4 million, $5 million, and $15 million were reported in other income, respectively.

6

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(UNAUDITED)

       
Three Months
 
Nine Months
       
Ended September 30,
 
Ended September 30,
       
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
         (in millions, except share and per share data)  
Revenues:
                       
 
Commissions
 
$
279
 
$
187
 
$
824
 
$
538
 
Other fees and services1/2
   
45
   
35
   
123
   
105
 
Other income (loss)1/3
   
29
   
(47)
   
25
   
(2)
   
Total non-interest income
   
353
   
175
   
972
   
641
                             
 
Interest income
   
240
   
468
   
853
   
1,308
 
Interest expense
   
(45)
   
(177)
   
(206)
   
(512)
   
Total net interest income
   
195
   
291
   
647
   
796
                             
   
Total net revenues
   
548
   
466
   
1,619
   
1,437
                             
Non-interest expenses:
                       
 
Execution, clearing and distribution fees
   
74
   
68
   
227
   
192
 
Employee compensation and benefits
   
77
   
67
   
239
   
213
 
Occupancy, depreciation and amortization
 
17
   
15
   
51
   
43
 
Communications
   
6
   
7
   
19
   
19
 
General and administrative
   
37
   
30
   
206
   
80
 
Customer bad debt
   
3
   
(2)
   
13
   
45
   
Total non-interest expenses
   
214
   
185
   
755
   
592
                             
Income before income taxes
   
334
   
281
   
864
   
845
Income tax expense
   
32
   
20
   
65
   
50
                             
Net income
   
302
   
261
   
799
   
795
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
256
   
225
   
675
   
678
                             
Net income available for common stockholders
$
46
 
$
36
 
$
124
 
$
117
                             
Earnings per share:
                       
 
Basic
 
$
0.59
 
$
0.46
 
$
1.60
 
$
1.54
 
Diluted
 
$
0.58
 
$
0.45
 
$
1.58
 
$
1.52
                             
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
                     
 
Basic
   
78,509,625
   
76,742,789
   
77,543,008
   
75,910,080
 
Diluted
   
79,120,548
   
77,348,976
   
78,243,699
   
76,646,487



1
In the first quarter of 2020, we changed the presentation of our consolidated statements of income to better align with our business strategy. Previously reported amounts have been adjusted to conform with the new presentation.
                       
2
Includes market data fees, account activity fees, risk exposure fees, order flow income from options exchange mandated programs, and revenues from other fees and services.
                       
3
Includes gains (losses) from principal transactions; the impact of our currency diversification strategy; gains (losses) from our equity method investments, other revenue not directly attributable to our core business offerings.

7

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(UNAUDITED)

       
Three Months
 
Nine Months
       
Ended September 30,
 
Ended September 30,
       
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
         (in millions, except share and per share data)
Comprehensive income:
                       
 
Net income available for common stockholders
 
$
46
 
$
36
 
$
124
 
$
117
 
Other comprehensive income:
                       
   
Cumulative translation adjustment, before income taxes
 
                            8
   
                           (6)
   
                     5
   
                    (3)
   
Income taxes related to items of other comprehensive income
 
                             -
   
                             -
   
                      -
   
                      -
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
   
                            8
   
                           (6)
   
                     5
   
                    (3)
Comprehensive income available for common stockholders
 
$
54
 
$
30
 
$
129
 
$
114
                             
Comprehensive earnings per share:
                       
 
Basic
 
$
0.69
 
$
0.39
 
$
1.67
 
$
1.50
 
Diluted
 
$
0.69
 
$
0.39
 
$
1.65
 
$
1.49
                             
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
                       
 
Basic
   
78,509,625
   
76,742,789
   
77,543,008
   
75,910,080
 
Diluted
   
79,120,548
   
77,348,976
   
78,243,699
   
76,646,487
                             
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests:
                     
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
$
256
 
$
225
 
$
675
 
$
678
Other comprehensive income - cumulative translation adjustment
   
37
   
(22)
   
24
   
(11)
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests
$
293
 
$
203
 
$
699
 
$
667

8

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
(UNAUDITED)

           
September 30,
2020
 
December 31,
2019
           
(in millions)
Assets
                 
Cash and cash equivalents
       
$
                   3,292
 
$
2,882
Cash - segregated for regulatory purposes
         
                 12,789
   
                   9,400
Securities - segregated for regulatory purposes
         
                 29,316
   
                 17,824
Securities borrowed
         
                   3,995
   
                   3,916
Securities purchased under agreements to resell
         
                   1,401
   
                   3,111
Financial instruments owned, at fair value
         
                      452
   
                   1,916
Receivables from customers, net of allowance for doubtful accounts
       
                 30,343
   
                 31,304
Receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations
       
                   2,575
   
                      685
Other assets
         
                      535
   
                      638
                     
 
Total assets
       
$
84,698
 
$
71,676
                     
Liabilities and equity
                 
                     
Liabilities
                 
Short-term borrowings
       
$
                      628
 
$
16
Securities loaned
         
                   5,738
   
                   4,410
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
         
                          -
   
                   1,909
Financial instruments sold but not yet purchased, at fair value
       
                      187
   
                      457
Other payables:
                 
 
Customers
         
                 68,830
   
                 56,248
 
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations
         
                      313
   
                      220
 
Other payables
         
                      456
   
                      476
             
                 69,599
   
                 56,944
                     
 
Total liabilities
         
                 76,152
   
                 63,736
                     
Equity
                 
Stockholders' equity
         
                   1,609
   
                   1,452
Noncontrolling interests
         
                   6,937
   
                   6,488
 
Total equity
         
                   8,546
   
                   7,940
                     
 
Total liabilities and equity
       
$
84,698
 
$
71,676
                     
   
September 30, 2020
   
December 31, 2019
Ownership of IBG LLC Membership Interests
Interests
 
 %
   
Interests
   
 %
                     
IBG, Inc.
79,057,622
 
19.0%
   
76,759,595
   
18.5%
Noncontrolling interests (IBG Holdings LLC)
337,670,642
 
81.0%
   
338,670,642
   
81.5%
                     
Total IBG LLC membership interests
416,728,264
 
100.0%
   
415,430,237
   
100.0%

9

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
(UNAUDITED)

     
Three Months
 
Nine Months
     
Ended September 30,
 
Ended September 30,
     
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
     
(in millions)
Adjusted net revenues1
                       
Net revenues - GAAP
 
$
548
 
$
466
 
$
1,619
 
$
1,437
                           
Non-GAAP adjustments
                       
 
Currency diversification strategy, net
   
(27)
   
47
   
6
   
72
 
Mark-to-market on investments2
   
                       (3)
   
                       12
   
                       (3)
   
                     (28)
Total non-GAAP adjustments
   
(30)
   
59
   
3
   
44
Adjusted net revenues
 
$
518
 
$
525
 
$
1,622
 
$
1,481
                           
Adjusted income before income taxes1
                       
Income before income taxes - GAAP
 
$
334
 
$
281
 
$
864
 
$
845
                           
Non-GAAP adjustments
                       
 
Currency diversification strategy, net
   
(27)
   
47
   
6
   
72
 
Mark-to-market on investments2
   
                       (3)
   
                       12
   
                       (3)
   
                     (28)
 
Customer compensation expense3
   
0
   
0
   
103
   
0
 
Bad debt expense4
   
0
   
0
   
                         1
   
                       42
Total non-GAAP adjustments
   
                     (30)
   
                       59
   
                     107
   
                       86
Adjusted income before income taxes
 
$
304
 
$
340
 
$
971
 
$
931
                           
Adjusted pre-tax profit margin
   
59%
   
65%
   
60%
   
63%

     
Three Months
 
Nine Months
     
Ended September 30,
 
Ended September 30,
     
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
     
(in millions)
Adjusted net income available for common stockholders1
                       
Net income available for common stockholders - GAAP
 
$
46
 
$
36
 
$
124
 
$
117
                           
Non-GAAP adjustments
                       
 
Currency diversification strategy, net
   
(5)
   
9
   
1
   
13
 
Mark-to-market on investments2
   
                       (1)
   
                         2
   
                       (1)
   
(5)
 
Customer compensation expense3
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
                       19
   
                         -
 
Bad debt expense4
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
                         0
   
8
 
Income tax effect of above adjustments5
   
                         1
   
                       (3)
   
                       (4)
   
(4)
Total non-GAAP adjustments
   
                       (4)
   
                         9
   
                       16
   
                       12
                           
Adjusted net income available for common stockholders
 
$
42
 
$
45
 
$
140
 
$
129
Note: Amounts may not add due to rounding.

10


     
Three Months
 
Nine Months
     
Ended September 30,
 
Ended September 30,
     
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
     
(in dollars)
Adjusted diluted EPS1
                       
Diluted EPS - GAAP
 
$
0.58
 
$
0.45
 
$
1.58
 
$
1.52
                           
Non-GAAP adjustments
                       
 
Currency diversification strategy, net
   
(0.06)
   
0.11
   
0.02
   
0.17
 
Mark-to-market on investments2
   
(0.01)
   
0.03
   
(0.01)
   
(0.06)
 
Customer compensation expense3
   
0.00
   
0.00
   
0.24
   
0.00
 
Bad debt expense4
   
0.00
   
0.00
   
0.00
   
0.10
 
Income tax effect of above adjustments
   
0.02
   
(0.03)
   
(0.05)
   
(0.05)
Total non-GAAP adjustments
   
(0.05)
   
0.11
   
0.20
   
0.16
                           
Adjusted diluted EPS
 
$
0.53
 
$
0.57
 
$
1.79
 
$
1.68
                           
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
   
79,120,548
   
77,348,976
   
78,243,699
   
76,646,487

Note: Amounts may not add due to rounding.
Note: The term “GAAP” in the following explanation refers to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.
1 Adjusted net revenues, adjusted income before income taxes, adjusted net income available for common stockholders and adjusted diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) are non-GAAP financial measures as defined by SEC Regulation G.
We define adjusted net revenues as net revenues adjusted to remove the effect of our GLOBAL currency diversification strategy and our net mark-to-market gains (losses) on investments2.
We define adjusted income before income taxes as income before income taxes adjusted to remove the effect of our GLOBAL currency diversification strategy, our net mark-to-market gains (losses) on investments, customer compensation expenses3 and unusual bad debt expense4.
We define adjusted net income available to common stockholders as net income available for common stockholders adjusted to remove the after-tax effects of our GLOBAL currency diversification strategy, the mark-to-market on investments, customer compensation expenses, and unusual bad debt expense attributable to IBG, Inc.
Management believes these non-GAAP items are important measures of our financial performance because they exclude certain items that may not be indicative of our core operating results and business outlook and may be useful to investors and analysts in evaluating the operating performance of the business and facilitating a meaningful comparison of our results in the current period to those in prior and future periods. Our GLOBAL currency diversification strategy, our mark-to-market on investments and unusual bad debt expense are excluded because management does not believe they are indicative of our underlying core business performance. Adjusted net revenues, adjusted income before income taxes, adjusted net income available to common stockholders and adjusted diluted EPS should be considered in addition to, rather than as a substitute for, GAAP net revenues, income before income taxes, net income attributable to common stockholders and diluted EPS.
 2 Mark-to-market on investments represents the net mark-to-market gains (losses) on our U.S. government securities portfolio, which are typically held to maturity, investments in equity securities that do not qualify for equity method accounting which are measured at fair value, and equity securities taken over by the Company from customers related to losses on margin loans described below.
11

 3 Customer compensation expenses were incurred to compensate certain affected customers in connection with their losses resulting from the West Texas Intermediate Crude Oil event. On April 20, 2020, the energy markets exhibited extraordinary price activity in the New York Mercantile Exchange (“NYMEX”) West Texas Intermediate Crude Oil contract. The price of the May 2020 physically-settled contract dropped to an unprecedented negative price of $37.63.
 4 Unusual bad debt expense includes material losses on margin loans resulting from unusual events that occur in the marketplace. For the nine months ending September 30, 2019, unusual bad debt expense reflects losses recognized on margin lending to a small number of our brokerage customers that had taken relatively large positions in a security listed on a major U.S. exchange, which lost a substantial amount of its value in a very short timeframe. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, unusual bad debt expense reflects losses incurred by futures customers in excess of the equity in their accounts related to the West Texas Intermediate Crude Oil event described above.
 5 The income tax effect is estimated using the corporate income tax rates applicable to the Company.
12