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EX-32.1 - EX-32.1 - FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. | d635171dex321.htm |
EX-31.2 - EX-31.2 - FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. | d635171dex312.htm |
EX-31.1 - EX-31.1 - FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. | d635171dex311.htm |
Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2018
OR
☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 333-216037
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland | 81-4446064 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
201 Rouse Boulevard Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
19112 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
(215) 495-1150
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer, smaller reporting company and emerging growth company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer |
☐ |
Accelerated filer |
☐ | |||
Non-accelerated filer |
☒ |
Smaller reporting company |
☒ | |||
Emerging growth company |
☒ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuers classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date.
As of November 14, 2018 there were 2,203,504 outstanding shares of Class F common stock, 193,013 outstanding shares of Class Y common stock, 74,026 outstanding shares of Class T common stock, 3,768 outstanding shares of Class S common stock, 45,846 outstanding shares of Class D common stock, 384,350 outstanding shares of Class M common stock and 117,918 outstanding shares of Class I common stock.
Table of Contents
Page | ||||||
PART IFINANCIAL INFORMATION |
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ITEM 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
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Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2018 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2017 |
1 | |||||
2 | ||||||
Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 |
3 | |||||
4 | ||||||
5 | ||||||
ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
23 | ||||
ITEM 3. | 32 | |||||
ITEM 4. | 32 | |||||
PART IIOTHER INFORMATION | ||||||
ITEM 1. | 33 | |||||
ITEM 1A. | 33 | |||||
ITEM 2. | 34 | |||||
ITEM 3. | 35 | |||||
ITEM 4. | 35 | |||||
ITEM 5. | 35 | |||||
ITEM 6. | 35 | |||||
37 |
Table of Contents
Item 1. | Financial Statements. |
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
(in thousands, except share amounts)
September 30, 2018 (Unaudited) |
December 31, 2017 |
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Assets |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 1,734 | $ | 442 | ||||
Restricted cash |
2,050 | 2,000 | ||||||
Loans receivable |
205,832 | 49,929 | ||||||
Reimbursement due from sponsor |
645 | 541 | ||||||
Interest receivable |
590 | 141 | ||||||
Other assets |
37 | | ||||||
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Total assets |
$ | 210,888 | $ | 53,053 | ||||
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Liabilities |
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Repurchase agreements payable (net of deferred financing costs of $818 and $452, respectively) |
$ | 140,628 | $ | 22,798 | ||||
Due to related party |
545 | 341 | ||||||
Interest payable |
243 | 39 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
1,689 | 536 | ||||||
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Total liabilities |
143,105 | 23,714 | ||||||
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Commitments and contingencies (See Note 8) |
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Stockholders equity |
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Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding |
| | ||||||
Class F (formerly Class S) common stock, $0.01 par value, 125,000,000 shares authorized, 2,194,607 and 988,801 issued and outstanding, respectively |
22 | 10 | ||||||
Class Y common stock, $0.01 par value, 125,000,000 shares authorized, 193,013 and 191,114 issued and outstanding, respectively |
2 | 2 | ||||||
Class T common stock, $0.01 par value, 125,000,000 shares authorized, 8,098 and 0 issued and outstanding, respectively |
| | ||||||
Class S (formerly Class T-C) common stock, $0.01 par value, 125,000,000 shares authorized, 3,765 and 0 issued and outstanding, respectively |
| | ||||||
Class D common stock, $0.01 par value, 125,000,000 shares authorized, 13,700 and 0 issued and outstanding, respectively |
| | ||||||
Class M common stock, $0.01 par value, 125,000,000 shares authorized, 293,164 and 0 issued and outstanding, respectively |
3 | | ||||||
Class I common stock, $0.01 par value, 300,000,000 shares authorized, 57,717 and 0 issued and outstanding, respectively |
1 | | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
68,103 | 29,514 | ||||||
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) |
(348 | ) | (187 | ) | ||||
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Total stockholders equity |
$ | 67,783 | $ | 29,339 | ||||
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Total liabilities and equity |
$ | 210,888 | $ | 53,053 | ||||
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See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
1
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Three Months Ended September 30, |
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
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2018 | 2017 | 2018 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
Net interest income |
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Interest income |
$ | 3,519 | $ | 116 | $ | 6,687 | $ | 116 | ||||||||
Less: Interest expense |
(1,795 | ) | (61 | ) | (3,645 | ) | (61 | ) | ||||||||
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Net interest income |
1,724 | 55 | 3,042 | 55 | ||||||||||||
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Other expenses |
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Management and incentive fees |
39 | | 43 | | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses |
917 | 177 | 2,110 | 177 | ||||||||||||
Less: Expense limitation |
(645 | ) | (164 | ) | (1,562 | ) | (164 | ) | ||||||||
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Net other expenses |
311 | 13 | 591 | 13 | ||||||||||||
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Net income |
$ | 1,413 | $ | 42 | $ | 2,451 | $ | 42 | ||||||||
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Per share informationbasic and diluted |
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Net income per share of common stock (earnings per share) |
$ | 0.55 | $ | 0.25 | $ | 1.31 | $ | 0.67 | ||||||||
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Weighted average common stock outstanding |
2,551,864 | 171,417 | 1,867,692 | 63,071 | ||||||||||||
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See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
2
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
(in thousands, except share amounts)
Common Stock | ||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Par Amount |
Additional Paid-In Capital |
Retained Earnings (accumulated deficit) |
Total Equity |
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Balance as of December 31, 2017 |
1,179,915 | $ | 12 | $ | 29,514 | $ | (187 | ) | $ | 29,339 | ||||||||||
Common stock issued |
1,512,494 | 16 | 37,374 | | 37,390 | |||||||||||||||
Distributions paid to stockholders |
| | | (2,612 | ) | (2,612 | ) | |||||||||||||
Proceeds from distribution reinvestment plan |
71,655 | | 1,762 | | 1,762 | |||||||||||||||
Stockholder servicing fees |
| | (547 | ) | | (547 | ) | |||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | 2,451 | 2,451 | |||||||||||||||
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Balance as of September 30, 2018 |
2,764,064 | $ | 28 | $ | 68,103 | $ | (348 | ) | $ | 67,783 | ||||||||||
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See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
3
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
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2018 | 2017 | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities |
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Net income |
$ | 2,451 | $ | 42 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
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Amortization of deferred fees on loans |
(200 | ) | (14 | ) | ||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs |
682 | 21 | ||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities |
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Reimbursement due from sponsor |
(104 | ) | (164 | ) | ||||
Interest receivable |
(449 | ) | (101 | ) | ||||
Other assets |
(37 | ) | | |||||
Due to related party |
204 | 100 | ||||||
Interest payable |
204 | 39 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
1,153 | 178 | ||||||
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Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
3,904 | 101 | ||||||
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Cash flows used in investing activities |
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Origination and fundings of loans receivable |
(158,158 | ) | (38,757 | ) | ||||
Principal collections from loans receivable |
2,455 | | ||||||
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Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
(155,703 | ) | (38,757 | ) | ||||
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Cash flows from financing activities |
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Issuance of common stock |
37,390 | 17,868 | ||||||
Reinvestment of stockholder distributions |
1,762 | | ||||||
Stockholder distributions |
(2,612 | ) | | |||||
Stockholder servicing fees |
(547 | ) | | |||||
Borrowings under repurchase agreements |
144,746 | 23,250 | ||||||
Repayments under repurchase agreements |
(26,550 | ) | | |||||
Payment of deferred financing costs |
(1,048 | ) | (417 | ) | ||||
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Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
153,141 | 40,701 | ||||||
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Total increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |
1,342 | 2,045 | ||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period |
2,442 | 200 | ||||||
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Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period |
$ | 3,784 | $ | 2,245 | ||||
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Supplemental disclosure |
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Payments of interest |
$ | 2,759 | $ | | ||||
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See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
4
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 1. Principal Business and Organization
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc., or the Company, was incorporated under the general corporation laws of the State of Maryland on November 7, 2016 and formally commenced investment operations on September 13, 2017. The Company is currently conducting an initial public offering of up to $2,750,000 of its Class T, Class S (formerly Class T-C), Class D, Class M and Class I shares of common stock pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-11 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, consisting of up to $2,500,000 in shares in its primary offering and up to $250,000 in shares pursuant to its distribution reinvestment plan. The Company is also conducting a private offering of shares of its Class F (formerly Class S) common stock and previously conducted a private offering of its Class Y common stock. The Company is managed by FS Real Estate Advisor, LLC, or FS Real Estate Advisor, a subsidiary of the Companys sponsor, Franklin Square Holdings, L.P., or FS Investments, a national sponsor of alternative investment funds designed for the individual investor. FS Real Estate Advisor has engaged Rialto Capital Management, LLC, or Rialto, to act as its sub-adviser.
The Company has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2017. The Company intends to be an investment vehicle of indefinite duration focused on real estate debt investments and other real estate-related assets. The shares of common stock are generally intended to be sold and repurchased by the Company on a continuous basis. The Company intends to conduct its operations so that it is not required to register under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the 1940 Act.
The Companys primary investment objectives are to: provide current income in the form of regular, stable cash distributions to achieve an attractive dividend yield; preserve and protect invested capital; realize appreciation in net asset value, or NAV, from proactive investment management and asset management; and provide an investment alternative for stockholders seeking to allocate a portion of their long-term investment portfolios to commercial real estate debt with lower volatility than public real estate companies.
In August 2018, the Company made certain changes to its continuous public offering including changing from a daily to a monthly NAV REIT and changing certain terms of two of its share classes, or the Offering Modification. As part of the Offering Modification, the Company: (1) changed the frequency from daily to monthly of its NAV calculations, acceptance of subscriptions and processing of share repurchases, and made other changes to its valuation policies; and (2) changed the name of Class S shares to Class F shares and Class T-C shares to Class S shares and made modifications to the upfront selling commissions, dealer manager fees and ongoing stockholder servicing fees, as applicable, payable with respect to Class T and Class S shares.
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation: The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. The unaudited consolidated financial statements include both the Companys accounts and the accounts of its wholly owned subsidiaries as of September 30, 2018. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for fair financial statement presentation. The operating results presented for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year. The Company has evaluated the impact of subsequent events through the date the consolidated financial statements were issued.
5
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Use of Estimates: The preparation of the unaudited consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash: The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company invests its cash in an overnight institutional money market fund. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Companys investment in an overnight institutional money market fund was $1,198 and $0, respectively. The Companys uninvested cash is maintained with high credit quality financial institutions, which are members of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Restricted cash represents cash held in a bank account related to one of the Companys repurchase facilities.
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the Companys consolidated balance sheets to the total amount shown in the Companys consolidated statements of cash flows:
September 30, 2018 |
September 30, 2017 |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 1,734 | $ | 245 | ||||
Restricted cash |
2,050 | 2,000 | ||||||
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Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |
$ | 3,784 | $ | 2,245 | ||||
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Loans Receivable and Provision for Loan Losses: The Company originates and purchases commercial real estate debt and related instruments generally to be held as long-term investments at amortized cost. The Company is required to periodically evaluate each of these loans for possible impairment. Impairment is indicated when it is deemed probable that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due to it pursuant to the contractual terms of the loan. If a loan is determined to be impaired, the Company writes down the loan through a charge to the provision for loan losses. Impairment of these loans, which are collateral dependent, is measured by comparing the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral, less costs to sell, to the book value of the respective loan. These valuations require significant judgments, which include assumptions regarding capitalization rates, leasing, creditworthiness of major tenants, occupancy rates, availability of financing, exit plan, loan sponsorship, actions of other lenders, and other factors deemed necessary by FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto. Actual losses, if any, could ultimately differ from these estimates. FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto perform a quarterly review of the Companys portfolio of loans.
In connection with this review, FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto assess the risk factors of each loan and assign a risk rating based on a variety of factors, including, without limitation, loan-to-value ratio, or LTV, debt yield, property type, geographic and local market dynamics, physical condition, cash flow volatility, leasing and
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Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
tenant profile, loan structure and exit plan, and project sponsorship. Based on a 5-point scale, the Companys loans are rated 1 through 5, from less risk to greater risk, which ratings are defined as follows:
Loan Risk |
Summary Description | |
1 | Very Low Risk | |
2 | Low Risk | |
3 | Medium Risk | |
4 | High Risk/Potential for Loss: A loan that has a risk of realizing a principal loss | |
5 | Impaired/Loss Likely: A loan that has a very high risk of realizing a principal loss or has otherwise incurred a principal loss |
Deferred Financing Costs: The deferred financing costs that are included as a reduction in the net book value of the related liability on the Companys consolidated balance sheets include issuance and other costs related to the Companys debt obligations. These costs are amortized as interest expense using the straight-line method over the term of the related obligation, which approximates the effective interest method.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments: Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, or ASC Topic 820, defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and requires certain disclosures about fair value measurements under GAAP. Specifically, this guidance defines fair value based on exit price, or the price that would be received upon the sale of an asset or the transfer of a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
ASC Topic 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring financial instruments. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of financial instrument, the characteristics specific to the financial instrument, and the state of the marketplace, including the existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Financial instruments with readily available quoted prices in active markets generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.
Financial instruments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed based on the observability of inputs used in the determination, as follows:
Level 1: | Generally includes only unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical financial instruments as of the reporting date. |
Level 2: | Pricing inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar instruments, quoted prices in less active or inactive markets for identical or similar instruments where multiple price quotes can be obtained, and other observable inputs, such as interest rates, yield curves, credit risks, and default rates. |
Level 3: | Pricing inputs are unobservable for the financial instruments and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the financial instrument. These inputs require significant judgment or estimation by management of third parties when determining fair value and generally represent anything that does not meet the criteria of Levels 1 and 2. |
7
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
The estimated value of each asset reported at fair value using Level 3 inputs is determined by an internal committee composed of members of senior management of FS Real Estate Advisor.
Certain of the Companys other assets are reported at fair value either (i) on a recurring basis, as of each quarter-end, or (ii) on a nonrecurring basis, as a result of impairment or other events. The Company generally values its assets recorded at fair value by either (i) discounting expected cash flows based on assumptions regarding the collection of principal and interest and estimated market rates, or (ii) obtaining assessments from third-party dealers. For collateral-dependent loans that are identified as impaired, the Company measures impairment by comparing FS Real Estate Advisors estimation of fair value of the underlying collateral, less costs to sell, to the book value of the respective loan. These valuations may require significant judgments, which include assumptions regarding capitalization rates, leasing, creditworthiness of major tenants, occupancy rates, availability of financing, exit plan, loan sponsorship, actions of other lenders, and other factors deemed necessary by FS Real Estate Advisor.
The Company is also required by GAAP to disclose fair value information about financial instruments that are not otherwise reported at fair value in the Companys consolidated balance sheets, to the extent it is practicable to estimate a fair value for those instruments. These disclosure requirements exclude certain financial instruments and all non-financial instruments.
The following methods and assumptions are used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments, for which it is practicable to estimate that value:
| Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying amount of cash on deposit and in money market funds approximates fair value. |
| Restricted cash: The carrying amount of restricted cash approximates fair value. |
| Loans receivable, net: The fair values for these loans were estimated by FS Real Estate Advisor based on discounted cash flow methodology taking into consideration factors, including capitalization rates, discount rates, leasing, occupancy rates, availability and cost of financing, exit plan, sponsorship, actions of other lenders, and indications of market value from other market participants. |
| Repurchase obligations: The fair values for these instruments were estimated based on the rate at which similar credit facilities would have currently been priced. |
Revenue Recognition: Security transactions are accounted for on the trade date. The Company records interest income on an accrual basis to the extent that the Company expects to collect such amounts. The Company records dividend income on the ex-dividend date. The Company does not accrue as a receivable interest or dividends on loans and securities if there is reason to doubt the collectability of such income. Any loan origination fees, original issue discount and market discount are capitalized and such amounts are amortized as interest income over the respective term of the investment. Upon the prepayment of a loan or security, any unamortized loan origination fees to which the Company is entitled are recorded as fee income. The Company records prepayment premiums on loans and securities as fee income when it receives such amounts.
Organization Costs: Organization costs include, among other things, the cost of incorporating, including the cost of legal services and other fees pertaining to the Companys organization. These costs will be expensed as
8
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
incurred (see Note 5). During the period from November 7, 2016 (Inception) to September 13, 2017 (Commencement of Operations), the Company incurred organization costs of $243, which were paid on its behalf by FS Investments (see Note 5).
Offering Costs: Offering costs primarily include, among other things, marketing expenses and printing, legal and due diligence fees and other costs pertaining to the Companys continuous public offering of shares of its common stock, including the preparation of the registration statement and salaries and direct expenses of FS Real Estate Advisors personnel, employees of its respective affiliates and others while engaged in such activities. The Company will charge offering costs against additional paid-in capital on the consolidated balance sheets as it raises proceeds in its continuous public offering. During the period from November 7, 2016 (Inception) to September 30, 2018, the Company incurred offering costs of $5,403, which were paid on its behalf by FS Investments (see Note 5).
Income Taxes: The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2017. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of its annual REIT taxable income to its stockholders. As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal income tax on income that it distributes to stockholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will be subject to federal income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants the Company relief under certain statutory provisions.
Uncertainty in Income Taxes: The Company evaluates each of its tax positions to determine if they meet the minimum recognition threshold in connection with accounting for uncertainties in income tax positions taken or expected to be taken for the purposes of measuring and recognizing tax benefits or liabilities in the consolidated financial statements. Recognition of a tax benefit or liability with respect to an uncertain tax position is required only when the position is more likely than not to be sustained assuming examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax liabilities as income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations. During the period from November 7, 2016 (Inception) to September 30, 2018, the Company did not incur any interest or penalties.
Stockholder Servicing Fees: The Company follows the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification Topic 405, Liabilities, when accounting for stockholder servicing fees. The Company will pay stockholder servicing fees over time on its shares of Class T, Class S, Class D and Class M common stock as described in Note 5. The Company records stockholder servicing fees as a reduction to additional paid-in capital and records the related liability in an amount equal to its best estimate of the fees payable in relation to the shares of Class T, Class S, Class D and Class M common stock on the date such shares are issued. The liability will be reduced over time, as the fees are paid to the dealer manager, or adjusted if the fees are no longer payable.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements: In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued ASU 2016-13, Financial InstrumentsCredit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326), or ASU 2016-13. ASU 2016-13 significantly changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net
9
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
income. ASU 2016-13 will replace the incurred loss model under existing guidance with an expected loss model for instruments measured at amortized cost and require entities to record allowances for available-for-sale debt securities rather than reduce the carrying amount, as they do today under the other than-temporary impairment model. It also simplifies the accounting model for purchased credit-impaired debt securities and loans. For public entities, the new standard is effective during the interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-13 on its consolidated financial statements.
Note 3. Loans Receivable
The following table details overall statistics for the Companys loans receivable portfolio as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:
September 30, 2018 (Unaudited) |
December 31, 2017 |
|||||||
Number of loans |
15 | 3 | ||||||
Principal balance |
$ | 205,677 | $ | 49,850 | ||||
Net book value |
$ | 205,832 | $ | 49,929 | ||||
Unfunded loan commitments(1) |
$ | 41,726 | $ | 12,620 | ||||
Weighted-average cash coupon(2) |
6.55 | % | 5.63 | % | ||||
Weighted-average all-in yield(2) |
6.74 | % | 6.28 | % | ||||
Weighted-average maximum maturity (years)(3) |
3.9 | 3.5 |
(1) | The Company may be required to provide funding when requested by the borrowers in accordance with the terms of the underlying agreements. |
(2) | As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Companys floating rate loans were indexed to the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR. In addition to cash coupon, all-in yield includes accretion of discount (amortization of premium) and accrual of exit fees. |
(3) | Maximum maturity assumes all extension options are exercised by the borrower, however loans may be repaid prior to such date. |
For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the activity in the Companys loan portfolio was as follows:
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, |
||||||||
2018 | 2017 | |||||||
Balance at beginning of period |
$ | 49,929 | $ | | ||||
Loan fundings |
158,158 | 38,757 | ||||||
Loan repayments |
(2,455 | ) | | |||||
Amortization of deferred fees on loans |
200 | 14 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Balance at end of period |
$ | 205,832 | $ | 38,771 | ||||
|
|
|
|
As of September 30, 2018, all of the Companys loans had a risk rating of 3. The Company did not have any impaired loans, non-accrual loans, or loans in maturity default as of September 30, 2018 or December 31, 2017.
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Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 3. Loans Receivable (continued)
Subsequent Activity
During the period from October 1, 2018 through the date the unaudited consolidated financial statements were issued, the Company closed on one senior floating-rate mortgage loans of which $12,400 was funded at closing. The Company funded the purchases of the loan with cash on hand, proceeds from its public and private offerings and $8,680 in proceeds from one of the Companys financing facilities.
Note 4. Financing Arrangements
The following tables present summary information with respect to the Companys outstanding financing arrangements as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:
As of September 30, 2018 (Unaudited) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Arrangement(1) |
Type of Arrangement |
Weighted Average Rate |
Amount Outstanding |
Amount Available |
Weighted Average Term(2) |
|||||||||||||||
WF-1 Facility(3) |
Repurchase | 4.30 | % | $ | 22,625 | $ | 52,375 | 3.4 | ||||||||||||
GS-1 Facility(4) |
Repurchase | 4.25 | % | 118,821 | 11,179 | 4.1 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 141,446 | $ | 63,554 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | The carrying amount outstanding under the facilities approximates their fair value. |
(2) | The weighted average term is determined based on the maximum maturity of the corresponding loans, assuming all extension options are exercised by the borrowers under the corresponding loans, without regard to the term of the facilities. Each transaction under the facilities has its own specific terms. |
(3) | The carrying amount and fair value of assets transferred as collateral underlying the facility is $31,030 and $31,046, respectively. |
(4) | The carrying amount and fair value of assets transferred as collateral underlying the facility is $174,802 and $174,816, respectively. |
As of December 31, 2017 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Arrangement(1) |
Type of Arrangement |
Weighted Average Rate |
Amount Outstanding |
Amount Available |
Weighted Average Term(2) |
|||||||||||||||
WF-1 Facility(3) |
Repurchase | 3.75 | % | $ | 23,250 | $ | 51,750 | 3.1 |
(1) | The carrying amount outstanding under the facility approximates its fair value. |
(2) | The weighted average term is determined based on the maximum maturity of the corresponding loans, assuming all extension options are exercised by the borrowers under the corresponding loans, without regard to the term of the facility. Each transaction under the facility has its own specific terms. |
(3) | The carrying amount and fair value of assets transferred as collateral underlying the facility is $38,836 and $38,845, respectively. |
The Companys average borrowings for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the period from September 13, 2017 (Commencement of Operations) through December 31, 2017 was $91,760 and $23,090, respectively.
11
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 4. Financing Arrangements (continued)
WF-1 Facility
On August 30, 2017, the Companys indirect wholly owned, special-purpose financing subsidiary, FS CREIT Finance WF-1 LLC, or WF-1, entered into a Master Repurchase and Securities Contract, or, as amended, the WF-1 Repurchase Agreement, and together with the related transaction documents, the WF-1 Facility, with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, or Wells Fargo, to finance the acquisition and origination of commercial real estate whole loans or senior controlling participation interests in such loans. The initial maximum amount of financing available under the WF-1 Facility is $75,000. This amount, with the consent of Wells Fargo, may be increased to $150,000 or, either directly or after an initial increase to a maximum amount of $150,000, to $200,000. Each transaction under the WF-1 Facility has its own specific terms, such as identification of the assets subject to the transaction, sale price, repurchase price and rate.
WF-1 remains exposed to the credit risk of each asset sold to Wells Fargo under the WF-1 Facility, because WF-1 must repurchase each asset on a date mutually agreed by the parties at the time of its sale to Wells Fargo, and in any event no later than such assets maturity date. The Company has accounted for these transactions as secured borrowings.
The initial funding period and term of the WF-1 Facility is one year. In addition, at the request of the Companys subsidiary, Wells Fargo may grant extensions of the facility termination date (without extensions of the funding period) for three one-year periods. On July 24, 2018, WF-1 entered into an amendment to the WF-1 Facility to extend each of the funding period termination date and facility maturity date by one year to August 30, 2019.
The Company incurred $694 of deferred financing costs related to the WF-1 Facility, which is being amortized to interest expense over the life of the facility. As of September 30, 2018, $85 had yet to be amortized to interest expense. The WF-1 Facility became subject to a non-utilization fee beginning on November 28, 2017. On April 26, 2018, the WF-1 Repurchase Agreement was amended to, among other things, cancel the non-utilization fee from March 16, 2018 through the date on which the Company meets a certain equity capital threshold. On July 24, 2018, the WF-1 Repurchase Agreement was again amended to set October 22, 2018 as the date on which the non-utilization fee will begin to accrue.
In connection with the WF-1 Repurchase Agreement, the Company also entered into a guarantee agreement, or the WF-1 Guarantee, pursuant to which the Company guarantees its subsidiarys obligations under the WF-1 Repurchase Agreement subject to limitations specified therein.
The WF-1 Repurchase Agreement and WF-1 Guarantee, as amended, contain representations, warranties, covenants, events of default and indemnities that are customary for agreements of their type. In addition, the Companys subsidiary is required to maintain a certain minimum liquidity amount in a collateral account with Wells Fargo and the Company is required (i) to maintain its adjusted tangible net worth at an amount equal to or greater than the greater of (A) the sum of $37,500 plus 75% of all equity capital raised by it from and after the closing date and (B) 75% of the then-current maximum facility size; (ii) to maintain, commencing on September 30, 2018, an earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, to interest expense ratio not less than 1.50 to 1.00; (iii) to maintain a total indebtedness to tangible net worth ratio of less than 3.00 to 1.00; and (iv) to maintain liquidity of not less than 7.5% of the amount outstanding under the WF-1 Facility. As of September 30, 2018, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.
12
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 4. Financing Arrangements (continued)
GS-1 Facility
On January 26, 2018, the Companys indirect wholly owned, special-purpose financing subsidiary, FS CREIT Finance GS-1 LLC, or GS-1, entered into an Uncommitted Master Repurchase and Securities Contract Agreement, or the GS-1 Repurchase Agreement, and together with the related transaction documents, the GS-1 Facility, as seller, with Goldman Sachs Bank USA, or Goldman Sachs, as buyer, to finance the acquisition and origination of whole, performing senior commercial or multifamily floating rate mortgage loans secured by first liens on office, retail, industrial, hospitality, multifamily or other commercial properties. The maximum amount of financing available under the GS-1 Facility is $130,000. If the Company meets certain equity capital thresholds, GS-1, with the consent of Goldman Sachs, may elect to increase the maximum amount of financing available to $250,000. Each transaction under the GS-1 Facility has its own specific terms, such as identification of the assets subject to the transaction, sale price, repurchase price and rate.
GS-1 remains exposed to the credit risk of each asset sold to Goldman Sachs under the GS-1 Facility, because GS-1 must repurchase each asset on a date mutually agreed by the parties at the time of its sale to Goldman Sachs, and in any event no later than such assets maturity date. The Company has accounted for these transactions as secured borrowings.
The initial availability period of the GS-1 Facility (during which financing under the GS-1 Facility may be used for acquisition and origination of new assets) is two years. GS-1 may extend the availability period for up to two one-year term extensions, so long as certain conditions are met. After the end of the availability period, GS-1 may exercise an option to commence a one-year amortization period, so long as certain conditions are met. During the amortization period, certain of the terms of the GS-1 Facility will be modified, including an increase to the rate charged on each asset financed under the GS-1 Facility.
In connection with the GS-1 Repurchase Agreement, the Company entered into a Guarantee Agreement, the GS-1 Guarantee, pursuant to which the Company guarantees 50% of GS-1s obligations under the GS-1 Repurchase Agreement, subject to limitations specified therein. The GS-1 Guarantee may become full recourse to the Company upon the occurrence of certain events, including willful bad acts by the Company or GS-1.
The GS-1 Repurchase Agreement and GS-1 Guarantee contain representations, warranties, covenants, events of default and indemnities that are customary for agreements of their type. In addition, the Company is required (i) to maintain its adjusted tangible net worth at an amount equal to or greater than $37,500 plus 75% of all equity capital raised by the Company from and after the closing date; (ii) to maintain an EBITDA to interest expense ratio not less than 1.50 to 1.00; (iii) to maintain a total indebtedness to tangible net worth ratio of less than 3.00 to 1.00; and (iv) to maintain liquidity at not less than (a) 7.5% of the then-current maximum facility size, prior to meeting a specified equity capital threshold, and (b) thereafter, 7.5% of the amount outstanding under the GS-1 Facility. As of September 30, 2018, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.
The Company incurred $1,012 of deferred financing costs related to the GS-1 Facility, which is being amortized to interest expense over the life of the facility. As of September 30, 2018, $733 had yet to be amortized to interest expense.
13
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 5. Related Party Transactions
Compensation of FS Real Estate Advisor and the Dealer Manager
Pursuant to the second amended and restated advisory agreement dated as of August 17, 2018, or the advisory agreement, FS Real Estate Advisor is entitled to a base management fee equal to 1.25% of the NAV for the Companys Class T, Class S, Class D, Class M and Class I shares, payable quarterly and in arrears. The payment of all or any portion of the base management fee accrued with respect to any quarter may be deferred by FS Real Estate Advisor, without interest, and may be taken in any such other quarter as FS Real Estate Advisor may determine. In calculating the Companys base management fee, the Company will use its NAV before giving effect to accruals for such fee, stockholder servicing fees or distributions payable on its shares. The base management fee is a class-specific expense. No base management fee is paid on the Companys Class F or Class Y shares.
FS Real Estate Advisor is also entitled to the performance fee calculated and payable quarterly in arrears in an amount equal to 10.0% of the Companys Core Earnings (as defined below) for the immediately preceding quarter, subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a rate of return on average adjusted capital, equal to 1.625% per quarter, or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.5%. As a result, FS Real Estate Advisor does not earn a performance fee for any quarter until the Companys Core Earnings for such quarter exceed the hurdle rate of 1.625%. For purposes of the performance fee, adjusted capital means cumulative net proceeds generated from sales of the Companys common stock other than Class F common stock (including proceeds from the Companys distribution reinvestment plan) reduced for distributions from non-liquidating dispositions of the Companys investments paid to stockholders and amounts paid for share repurchases pursuant to the Companys share repurchase plan. Once the Companys Core Earnings in any quarter exceed the hurdle rate, FS Real Estate Advisor will be entitled to a catch-up fee equal to the amount of Core Earnings in excess of the hurdle rate, until the Companys Core Earnings for such quarter equal 1.806%, or 7.222% annually, of adjusted capital. Thereafter, FS Real Estate Advisor is entitled to receive 10.0% of the Companys Core Earnings.
For purposes of calculating the performance fee, Core Earnings means: the net income (loss) attributable to stockholders of Class Y, Class T, Class S, Class D, Class M and Class I shares, computed in accordance with GAAP (provided that net income (loss) attributable to Class Y stockholders shall be reduced by an amount equal to the base management fee that would have been paid if Class Y shares were subject to such fee), including realized gains (losses) not otherwise included in GAAP net income (loss) and excluding (i) non-cash equity compensation expense, (ii) the performance fee, (iii) depreciation and amortization, (iv) any unrealized gains or losses or other similar non-cash items that are included in net income for the applicable reporting period, regardless of whether such items are included in other comprehensive income or loss, or in net income, and (v) one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP and certain material non-cash income or expense items, in each case after discussions between FS Real Estate Advisor and the Companys independent directors and approved by a majority of the Companys independent directors. The performance fee is a class-specific expense. No performance fee is paid on the Companys Class F shares.
Pursuant to the amended and restated sub-advisory agreement dated as of August 30, 2017, or the sub-advisory agreement, Rialto will receive 50% of all base management fees and performance fees payable to FS Real Estate Advisor.
The Company reimburses FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto for their actual costs incurred in providing administrative services to the Company. FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto are required to allocate the cost of
14
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 5. Related Party Transactions (continued)
such services to the Company based on objective factors such as total assets, revenues and/or time allocations. At least annually, the Companys board of directors reviews the amount of the administrative services expenses reimbursable to FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto to determine whether such amounts are reasonable in relation to the services provided. The Company will not reimburse FS Real Estate Advisor or Rialto for any services for which it receives a separate fee or for any administrative expenses allocated to employees to the extent they serve as executive officers of the Company.
FS Investments funded the Companys organization and offering costs in the amount of $5,646 for the period from November 7, 2016 (Inception) to September 30, 2018. These expenses include legal, accounting, printing, mailing and filing fees and expenses, due diligence expenses of participating broker-dealers supported by detailed and itemized invoices, costs in connection with preparing sales materials, design and website expenses, fees and expenses of the Companys transfer agent, fees to attend retail seminars sponsored by participating broker-dealers and reimbursements for customary travel, lodging, and meals, but excluding selling commissions, dealer manager fees and stockholder servicing fees. Under the advisory agreement, FS Real Estate Advisor has agreed to advance all of the Companys organization and offering expenses on the Companys behalf until it has raised $250,000 of gross proceeds from its public offering.
The Company will reimburse FS Real Estate Advisor for any organization and offering expenses that it or Rialto has incurred on the Companys behalf, up to a cap of 0.75% of the gross proceeds from its public offering in excess of $250,000. As of September 30, 2018, the Company has not reimbursed FS Real Estate Advisor for any organization and offering expenses.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company incurred costs of $341 in connection with obtaining the WF-1 Facility which were paid on behalf of the Company by FS Investments. The Company has recorded these costs as deferred financing costs on the Companys consolidated balance sheets and amortizes to interest expense over the life of the facility. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, all of these costs were reimbursed to FS Investments.
The following table describes the fees and expenses accrued under the advisory agreement during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:
Three Months Ended September 30, |
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||||||
Related Party |
Source Agreement | Description |
2018 | 2017 | 2018 | 2017 | ||||||||||||||
FS Real Estate Advisor |
Advisory Agreement | Base Management Fee | $ | 19 | | $ | 23 | | ||||||||||||
FS Real Estate Advisor |
Advisory Agreement | Performance Fee | $ | 20 | | $ | 20 | | ||||||||||||
FS Real Estate Advisor |
Advisory Agreement | Administrative Services Expenses(1) | $ | 557 | $ | 84 | $ | 1,196 | $ | 84 |
(1) | During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, $1,155 and $76, respectively, of the accrued administrative services expenses related to the allocation of costs of administrative personnel for services rendered to the Company by FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto and the remainder related to other reimbursable expenses. |
The dealer manager for the Companys continuous public offering is FS Investment Solutions, LLC, or FS Investment Solutions, which is an affiliate of FS Real Estate Advisor. Under the amended and restated dealer
15
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 5. Related Party Transactions (continued)
manager agreement dated as of August 17, 2018, or the dealer manager agreement, FS Investment Solutions is entitled to receive upfront selling commissions of up to 3.0%, and upfront dealer manager fees of 0.5% of the transaction price of each Class T share sold in the primary offering (subject to reductions for certain categories of purchasers). FS Investment Solutions is entitled to receive upfront selling commissions of up to 3.5% of the transaction price per Class S share sold in the primary offering (subject to reductions for certain categories of purchasers). The dealer manager anticipates that all of the selling commissions and dealer manager fees will be re-allowed to participating broker-dealers, unless a particular broker-dealer declines to accept some portion of the dealer manager fee they are otherwise eligible to receive. Pursuant to the dealer manager agreement, the Company will also reimburse FS Investment Solutions or participating broker-dealers for bona fide due diligence expenses, provided that total organization and offering expenses shall not exceed 15% of the gross proceeds in the Companys public offering.
No selling commissions or dealer manager fees will be payable on the sale of Class D, Class M, Class I, Class F or Class Y shares or on shares of any class sold pursuant to the Companys distribution reinvestment plan.
Subject to the limitations described below, the Company will pay FS Investment Solutions stockholder servicing fees for ongoing services rendered to stockholders by participating broker-dealers or by broker-dealers servicing investors accounts, referred to as servicing broker-dealers:
| with respect to the Companys outstanding Class T shares equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV of its outstanding T shares, consisting of an advisor stockholder servicing fee of 0.65% per annum and a dealer stockholder servicing fee of 0.20% per annum; however, with respect to Class T shares sold through certain participating broker-dealers, the advisor stockholder servicing fee and the dealer stockholder servicing fee may be other amounts, provided that the sum of such fees will always equal 0.85% per annum of the NAV of such shares; |
| with respect to the Companys outstanding Class S shares equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV of its outstanding Class S shares; |
| with respect to the Companys outstanding Class D shares equal to 0.3% per annum of the aggregate NAV of its outstanding Class D shares; and |
| with respect to the Companys outstanding Class M shares equal to 0.3% per annum of the aggregate NAV of its outstanding Class M shares. |
The Company will not pay a stockholder servicing fee with respect to its Class I, Class F or Class Y shares. The dealer manager will reallow some or all of the stockholder servicing fees to participating broker-dealers, servicing broker-dealers and financial institutions (including bank trust departments) for ongoing stockholder services performed by such broker-dealers, and will waive (pay back to the Company) stockholder servicing fees to the extent a broker-dealer or financial institution is not eligible or otherwise declines to receive all or a portion of such fees.
The Company will cease paying stockholder servicing fees with respect to any Class D, Class M, Class S and Class T shares held in a stockholders account at the end of the month in which the total underwriting compensation from the upfront selling commissions, dealer manager fees and stockholder servicing fees, as
16
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 5. Related Party Transactions (continued)
applicable, paid with respect to such account would exceed 1.25%, 7.25%, 8.75% and 8.75%, respectively (or a lower limit for shares sold by certain participating broker-dealers or financial institutions) of the gross proceeds from the sale of shares in such account. These amounts are referred to as the sales charge cap. At the end of such month that the sales charge cap is reached, each Class D, Class M, Class S or Class T share in such account will convert into a number of Class I shares (including any fractional shares) with an equivalent aggregate NAV as such share.
In addition, the Company will cease paying stockholder servicing fees on each Class D share, Class M share, Class S share and Class T share held in a stockholders account and each such share will convert to Class I shares on the earlier to occur of the following: (i) a listing of Class I shares on a national securities exchange; (ii) the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Companys assets or the Companys merger or consolidation with or into another entity in a transaction in which holders of Class D, Class M, Class S or Class T shares receive cash and/or shares of stock that are listed on a national securities exchange; or (iii) the date following the completion of the Companys public offering on which, in the aggregate, underwriting compensation from all sources in connection with the Companys public offering, including selling commissions, dealer manager fees, stockholder servicing fees and other underwriting compensation, is equal to 10% of the gross proceeds from its primary offering.
The Company accrues future stockholder servicing fees in an amount equal to its best estimate of fees payable to FS Investment Solutions at the time such shares are sold. As of September 30, 2018, the Company accrued $545 of stockholder servicing fees payable to FS Investment Solutions. FS Investment Solutions has entered into agreements with selected dealers distributing the Companys shares in the public offering, which provide, among other things, for the re-allowance of the full amount of the selling commissions and dealer manager fee and all or a portion of the stockholder servicing fees received by FS Investment Solutions to such selected dealers.
FS Investment Solutions also serves or served as the placement agent for the Companys private offerings of Class S and Class Y shares pursuant to placement agreements. FS Investment Solutions does not receive any compensation pursuant to these agreements.
Expense Limitation
The Company has entered into an amended and restated expense limitation agreement with FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto pursuant to which FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto have agreed to waive reimbursement of or pay, on a quarterly basis, the Companys annualized ordinary operating expenses for such quarter to the extent such expenses exceed 1.5% per annum of its average net assets attributable to each of its classes of common stock. The Company will repay FS Real Estate Advisor or Rialto on a quarterly basis any ordinary operating expenses previously waived or paid, but only if the reimbursement would not cause the then-current expense limitation, if any, to be exceeded. In addition, the reimbursement of expenses will be made only if payable not more than three years from the end of the fiscal quarter in which the expenses were paid or waived.
During the period from September 13, 2017 (Commencement of Operations) to September 30, 2018, the Company accrued $2,103 for reimbursement of expenses that FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto have agreed to pay, including $1,562 in reimbursements for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. During the period from
17
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 5. Related Party Transactions (continued)
September 13, 2017 (Commencement of Operations) to September 30, 2018, the Company received $1,458 in cash reimbursements from FS Real Estate Advisor. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had $645 of reimbursements due from FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto.
Investment Activity
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company purchased a $9,500 floating-rate whole mortgage loan from an affiliate of Rialto at cost. The purchase was approved by the Companys board of directors, including all of the independent directors, in accordance with the Companys charter.
Capital Contributions by FS Investments and Rialto
In December 2016, pursuant to a private placement, Michael C. Forman and David J. Adelman, principals of FS Investments, contributed an aggregate of $200 to purchase 8,000 Class F (previously Class S) shares at the price of $25.00 per share. These individuals will not tender these shares of common stock for repurchase as long as FS Real Estate Advisor remains the Companys adviser. FS Investments is controlled by Mr. Forman, the Companys president and chief executive officer, and Mr. Adelman.
In addition, the Company is conducting a private placement of its Class F shares concurrent with the public offering, in which FS Investments and Rialto and certain of their respective directors, employees, partners, officers and affiliates, and other investors designated by FS Investments and Rialto collectively have committed to purchase $50,000 of the Companys Class F shares, of which approximately $43,680 has been purchased as of September 30, 2018. In addition to the $50,000 commitment, FS Investments and/or Rialto may purchase, or may cause or otherwise arrange for one or more of their respective directors, employees, partners, officers, affiliates, and other investors designated by FS Investments and/or Rialto to purchase or acquire, up to an additional $40,000 of the Companys common stock, as notified by the Company that capital is required to fund additional investments. As of September 30, 2018, approximately $8,535 of this additional amount has been purchased. FS Investments and Rialto have agreed that for so long as it or its affiliate is serving as the Companys adviser or the Companys sub-adviser, respectively, it or its affiliates shall maintain an investment of at least $10,000 in the Companys common stock until such date as the Company reaches $750,000 in net assets.
Note 6. Stockholders Equity
Below is a summary of transactions with respect to shares of the Companys common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2018:
Shares | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Class F | Class Y | Class T | Class S | Class D | Class M | Class I | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of period |
988,801 | 191,114 | | | | | | 1,179,915 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock |
1,136,597 | | 8,040 | 3,753 | 13,689 | 292,897 | 57,518 | 1,512,494 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reinvestment of distributions |
69,209 | 1,899 | 58 | 12 | 11 | 267 | 199 | 71,655 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance at end of period |
2,194,607 | 193,013 | 8,098 | 3,765 | 13,700 | 293,164 | 57,717 | 2,764,064 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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18
Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 6. Stockholders Equity (continued)
Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Class F | Class Y | Class T | Class S | Class D | Class M | Class I | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of period |
$ | 24,741 | $ | 4,785 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 29,526 | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock |
27,976 | | 201 | 94 | 343 | 7,357 | 1,419 | 37,390 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reinvestment of distributions |
1,702 | 47 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 5 | 1,762 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued stockholder servicing fees(1) |
| | (7 | ) | (4 | ) | (4 | ) | (532 | ) | | (547 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
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Balance at end of period |
$ | 54,419 | $ | 4,832 | $ | 195 | $ | 90 | $ | 339 | $ | 6,832 | $ | 1,424 | $ | 68,131 | ||||||||||||||||
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(1) | Stockholder servicing fees only apply to Class T, Class S, Class D and Class M shares. Under GAAP, the Company accrues future stockholder servicing fees in an amount equal to its best estimate of fees payable to FS Investment Solutions at the time such shares are sold. For purposes of NAV, the Company recognizes the stockholder servicing fee as a reduction of NAV on a daily basis as such fee is accrued. As a result, the estimated liability for the future stockholder servicing fees, which are accrued at the time each share is sold, will have no effect on the NAV of any class. |
Status of Offerings
As of November 14, 2018, the Company has issued 3,022,425 shares of common stock (consisting of 2,203,504 shares of Class F common stock, 193,013 shares of Class Y common stock, 74,026 shares of Class T common stock, 3,768 shares of Class S common stock, 45,846 shares of Class D common stock, 384,350 shares of Class M common stock and 117,918 shares of Class I common stock), including shares issued pursuant to its distribution reinvestment plan, for gross proceeds of $75,187.
Share Repurchase Plan
The Company has adopted an amended and restated share repurchase plan, or share repurchase plan, whereby on a monthly basis, stockholders may request that the Company repurchase all or any portion of their shares. Class F shares and Class Y shares are not eligible to participate in the Companys share repurchase plan until September 2019. The repurchase of shares is limited to no more than 2% of the Companys aggregate NAV per month of all classes of shares then participating in the share repurchase plan and no more than 5% of the Companys aggregate NAV per calendar quarter of all classes of shares then participating in the share repurchase plan, which means that in any 12-month period, the Company limits repurchases to approximately 20% of the total NAV of all classes of shares then participating in the share repurchase plan. The Companys board of directors may modify, suspend or terminate the share repurchase plan if it deems such action to be in the Companys best interest and the best interest of its stockholders. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company did not repurchase any shares.
Distribution Reinvestment Plan
Pursuant to the Companys amended distribution reinvestment plan, or DRIP, holders of shares of any class of the Companys common stock may elect to have their cash distributions reinvested in additional shares of the Companys common stock. The purchase price for shares pursuant to the DRIP will be equal to the transaction price for such shares at the time the distribution is payable.
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Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 6. Stockholders Equity (continued)
Distributions
The Company generally intends to distribute substantially all of its taxable income, which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP, to its stockholders each year to comply with the REIT provisions of the Code. All distributions will be made at the discretion of the Companys board of directors and will depend upon its taxable income, financial condition, maintenance of REIT status, applicable law, and other factors as the Companys board of directors deems relevant.
The following table reflects the cash distributions per share that the Company paid on its common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2018:
Payment Date(1) |
Class F | Class Y | Class T | Class S | Class D | Class M | Class I | |||||||||||||||||||||
January 31, 2018 |
$ | 0.1510 | $ | 0.1510 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 0.1510 | ||||||||||||||
February 28, 2018 |
0.1510 | 0.1510 | | | | | 0.1510 | |||||||||||||||||||||
March 30, 2018 |
0.1510 | 0.1510 | | | | | 0.1510 | |||||||||||||||||||||
April 30, 2018 |
0.1510 | 0.1510 | 0.1424 | | 0.1434 | | 0.1296 | |||||||||||||||||||||
May 31, 2018 |
0.1510 | 0.1510 | 0.0946 | 0.1182 | 0.1298 | 0.1394 | 0.1258 | |||||||||||||||||||||
June 29, 2018 |
0.1510 | 0.1510 | 0.1376 | 0.1087 | 0.1370 | 0.1234 | 0.1276 | |||||||||||||||||||||
July 31, 2018 |
0.1510 | 0.1510 | 0.1042 | 0.1073 | 0.1188 | 0.1188 | 0.1250 | |||||||||||||||||||||
August 31, 2018 |
0.1510 | 0.1510 | 0.1042 | 0.1073 | 0.1188 | 0.1188 | 0.1250 | |||||||||||||||||||||
September 28, 2018 |
0.1510 | 0.1510 | 0.1042 | 0.1073 | 0.1188 | 0.1188 | 0.1250 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Total |
$ | 1.3590 | $ | 1.3590 | $ | 0.6872 | $ | 0.5488 | $ | 0.7666 | $ | 0.6192 | $ | 1.2110 | ||||||||||||||
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(1) | For distributions paid through June 29, 2018, the Company declared a gross distribution amount of $0.1510 per share for each class of its outstanding common stock and paid out a net distribution amount for each class of its outstanding common stock that represents this gross amount less any applicable class-specific expenses including stockholder servicing fees and advisory fees. Beginning with the July 31, 2018 payment date, the Company began declaring a fixed net distribution amount for each class of its outstanding common stock that takes into account any applicable class-specific expenses. |
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Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 6. Stockholders Equity (continued)
The following table reflects the cash distributions per share that the Company has paid on its common stock during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 |
|||||||
Distributions: |
||||||||
Distributions paid or payable in cash |
$ | 517 | $ | 850 | ||||
Distributions reinvested |
658 | 1,762 | ||||||
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|||||
Total distributions to stockholders |
$ | 1,175 | $ | 2,612 | ||||
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Source of distributions to stockholders: |
||||||||
Cash flow from operations |
$ | 517 | $ | 850 | ||||
Reinvested via the distribution reinvestment plan |
658 | 1,762 | ||||||
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Total sources of distributions to stockholders |
$ | 1,175 | $ | 2,612 | ||||
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Net cash provided by operating activities(1) |
$ | 2,351 | $ | 3,904 | ||||
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(1) | Cash flow from operating activities are supported by expense support payments from the Companys advisor and sub-advisor pursuant to the Companys amended and restated expense limitation agreement. See Note 5 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the Companys amended and restated expense limitation agreement. |
The Company currently declares and pays regular cash distributions on a monthly basis. On August 13, 2018 (and as modified for Class T shares on October 25, 2018 to account for the decrease in stockholder servicing fees payable with respect to Class T shares as of September 1, 2018) and November 9, 2018, the Companys board of directors declared regular monthly cash distributions for October through December 2018 and January through March 2019, respectively, for each class of its outstanding common stock in the net distribution amounts per share set forth below:
Class F |
Class Y |
Class T |
Class S |
Class D |
Class M |
Class I | ||||||
$0.1510 |
$0.1510 |
$0.1073 | $0.1073 | $0.1188 | $0.1188 | $0.1250 |
The distributions for each class of outstanding common stock have been or will be paid monthly to stockholders of record as of the monthly record dates previously determined by the Companys board of directors. These distributions have been or will be paid in cash or reinvested in shares of the Companys common stock for stockholders participating in the Companys DRIP.
Note 7. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
As discussed in Note 2, GAAP requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the statement of financial position, for which it is practicable to estimate that value.
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Table of Contents
FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note 7. Fair Value of Financial Instruments (continued)
The following table details the carrying amount, face amount, and fair value of the financial instruments described in Note 2:
September 30, 2018 (Unaudited) | December 31, 2017 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Book Value |
Face Amount |
Fair Value |
Book Value |
Face Amount |
Fair Value |
|||||||||||||||||||
Financial Assets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |
$ | 3,784 | $ | 3,784 | $ | 3,784 | $ | 2,442 | $ | 2,442 | $ | 2,442 | ||||||||||||
Loans receivable |
$ | 205,832 | $ | 205,677 | $ | 205,862 | $ | 49,929 | $ | 49,850 | $ | 49,945 | ||||||||||||
Financial Liabilities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase obligations |
$ | 140,628 | $ | 141,446 | $ | 141,446 | $ | 22,798 | $ | 23,250 | $ | 23,250 |
Estimates of fair value for cash are measured using observable, quoted market prices, or Level 1 inputs. Estimates of fair value for loans receivable and repurchase obligations are measured using unobservable inputs, or Level 3 inputs.
Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company enters into contracts that contain a variety of indemnification provisions. The Companys maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown; however, the Company has not had prior claims or losses pursuant to these contracts. Management of FS Real Estate Advisor has reviewed the Companys existing contracts and expects the risk of loss to the Company to be remote.
The Company is not currently subject to any material legal proceedings and, to the Companys knowledge, no material legal proceedings are threatened against the Company. From time to time, the Company may be party to certain legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of any legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company does not expect that any such proceedings will have a material effect upon its financial condition or results of operations.
See Note 2 for a discussion of the Companys commitments to FS Real Estate Advisor and its affiliates (including FS Investments) for the reimbursement of organization and offering costs funded by FS Investments once gross proceeds from the Companys public offering exceed $250,000.
Note 9. Subsequent Events
On October 29, 2018, Lennar Corporation, the parent of Rialto, announced that it has agreed to sell Rialto to Stone Point Capital. The transaction is scheduled to close on November 30, 2018 or as soon after that as the conditions to the transaction are fulfilled.
22
Table of Contents
Item 2. | Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (in thousands, except share and per share amounts). |
The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In this report, we, us and our refer to FS Credit Real Estate Income Trust, Inc.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), regarding, among other things, our business, including, in particular, statements about our plans, strategies and objectives. You can generally identify forward-looking statements by our use of forward-looking terminology such as may, will, expect, intend, anticipate, estimate, believe, continue or other similar words. These statements include our plans and objectives for future operations, including plans and objectives relating to future growth and availability of funds, and are based on current expectations that involve numerous risks and uncertainties. Assumptions relating to these statements involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to accurately predict and many of which are beyond our control. Although we believe the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements, and the forward-looking statements themselves, are reasonable, any of the assumptions could be inaccurate and, therefore, there can be no assurance that these forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate and our actual results, performance and achievements may be materially different from that expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in these forward-looking statements, the inclusion of this information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that our objectives and plans, which we consider to be reasonable, will be achieved. We undertake no duty to update or revise forward-looking statements, except as required by law.
Introduction
We were incorporated under the general corporation laws of the State of Maryland on November 7, 2016 and formally commenced investment operations on September 13, 2017. We are currently conducting an initial public offering of up to $2,750,000 of our Class T, Class S, Class D, Class M and Class I shares of common stock pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-11 filed with the SEC consisting of up to $2,500,000 in shares in our primary offering and up to $250,000 in shares pursuant to our DRIP. We are also conducting a private offering of shares of our Class F common stock and previously conducted a private offering of shares of our Class Y common stock. We are managed by FS Real Estate Advisor pursuant to an advisory agreement between us and FS Real Estate Advisor. FS Real Estate Advisor is a subsidiary of our sponsor, FS Investments, a national sponsor of alternative investment funds designed for the individual investor. FS Real Estate Advisor has engaged Rialto to act as its sub-adviser.
We have elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2017. We intend to be an investment vehicle of indefinite duration focused on real estate debt investments and other real estate-related assets, the shares of common stock are generally intended to be sold and repurchased by us on a continuous basis. We intend to conduct our operations so that we are not required to register under the 1940 Act.
Our primary investment objectives are to: provide current income in the form of regular, stable cash distributions to achieve an attractive dividend yield; preserve and protect invested capital; realize appreciation in net asset value, or NAV, from proactive management and asset management; and provide an investment alternative for stockholders seeking to allocate a portion of their long-term investment portfolios to commercial real estate debt with lower volatility than public real estate companies.
23
Table of Contents
In August 2018, we implemented the Offering Modification in connection with changing from a daily to a monthly NAV REIT. As part of the Offering Modification, we: (1) changed the frequency from daily to monthly of our NAV calculations, acceptance of subscriptions and processing of share repurchases, and made other changes to our valuation policies; and (2) changed the name of Class S shares to Class F shares and Class T-C shares to Class S shares and made modifications to the upfront selling commissions, dealer manager fees and ongoing stockholder servicing fees, as applicable, payable with respect to Class T and Class S shares.
Portfolio Overview
The following table details activity in our loans receivable portfolio for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 |
|||||||
Loan fundings(1) |
$ | 25,454 | $ | 158,158 | ||||
Loan repayments |
(2,453 | ) | (2,455 | ) | ||||
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|
|||||
Total net fundings |
$ | 23,001 | $ | 155,703 | ||||
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(1) | Includes new loan originations and additional fundings made under existing loans. |
The following table details overall statistics for our loans receivable portfolio as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:
September 30, 2018 (Unaudited) |
December 31, 2017 |
|||||||
Number of loans |
15 | 3 | ||||||
Principal balance |
$ | 205,677 | $ | 49,850 | ||||
Net book value |
$ | 205,832 | $ | 49,929 | ||||
Unfunded loan commitments(1) |
$ | 41,726 | $ | 12,620 | ||||
Weighted-average cash coupon(2) |
6.55 | % | 5.63 | % | ||||
Weighted-average all-in yield(2) |
6.74 | % | 6.28 | % | ||||
Weighted-average maximum maturity (years)(3) |
3.9 | 3.5 |
(1) | We may be required to provide funding when requested by the borrowers in accordance with the terms of the underlying agreements. |
(2) | As of September 30, 2018, our floating rate loans were indexed to LIBOR. In addition to cash coupon, all-in yield includes accretion of discount (amortization of premium) and accrual of exit fees. |
(3) | Maximum maturity assumes all extension options are exercised by the borrower, however loans may be repaid prior to such date. |
24
Table of Contents
The following table provides details of our loan receivable portfolio, on a loan-by-loan basis, as of September 30, 2018:
Loan Type |
Origination Date(1) |
Total Loan |
Principal Balance |
Net Book Value |
Cash Coupon(2) |
All-in Yield(2) |
Maximum Maturity(3) |
Location |
Property |
LTV(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 | Senior Loan | 9/13/2017 | $ | 9,500 | $ | 9,500 | $ | 9,544 | L+3.75% | L+3.73% | 3/9/2019 | Gulfport, MS | Multifamily | 72 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
2 | Senior Loan | 9/14/2017 | 34,310 | 29,250 | 29,337 | L+4.25% | L+4.49% | 10/9/2022 | Memphis, TN | Office | 73 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 | Senior Loan | 12/6/2017 | 18,660 | 11,738 | 11,755 | L+4.85% | L+5.04% | 12/9/2022 | Landover, MD | Office | 67 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | Senior Loan | 2/22/2018 | 13,400 | 11,903 | 11,911 | L+4.00% | L+4.18% | 3/9/2023 | Las Vegas, NV | Multifamily | 75 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | Senior Loan | 2/28/2018 | 5,186 | 5,186 | 5,186 | L+4.63% | L+4.83% | 3/9/2021 | Newport Beach, CA | Office | 80 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
6 | Senior Loan | 3/7/2018 | 12,050 | 12,050 | 12,064 | L+4.50% | L+4.92% | 3/7/2022 | Las Vegas, NV | Hospitality | 71 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
7 | Senior Loan | 4/5/2018 | 21,000 | 14,000 | 14,018 | L+4.25% | L+4.53% | 4/9/2023 | Austin, TX | Office | 57 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
8 | Senior Loan | 4/20/2018 | 30,000 | 29,000 | 28,989 | L+3.75% | L+3.77% | 5/9/2021 | New York, NY | Office | 54 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
9 | Senior Loan | 5/2/2018 | 19,800 | 19,800 | 19,807 | L+4.65% | L+4.83% | 5/1/2023 | East Orange, NJ | Multifamily | 77 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
10 | Senior Loan | 6/11/2018 | 12,000 | 12,000 | 11,997 | L+4.00% | L+4.19% | 6/9/2023 | Miami, FL | Retail | 65 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
11 | Senior Loan | 6/11/2018 | 6,750 | 6,750 | 6,749 | L+4.25% | L+4.44% | 6/9/2023 | Miami, FL | Retail | 61 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
12 | Senior Loan | 6/11/2018 | 11,000 | 11,000 | 10,996 | L+4.50% | L+4.69% | 6/9/2023 | Miami, FL | Retail | 78 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
13 | Senior Loan | 6/29/2018 | 15,997 | 9,000 | 8,993 | L+4.25% | L+4.47% | 7/9/2023 | Jacksonville, FL | Multifamily | 68 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
14 | Senior Loan | 7/18/2018 | 22,650 | 12,000 | 11,993 | L+5.25% | L+5.45% | 8/9/2023 | Gaithersburg, MD | Hospitality | 80 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
15 | Senior Loan | 7/26/2018 | 15,100 | 12,500 | 12,493 | L+4.25% | L+4.44% | 8/9/2023 | Fayetteville, NC | Industrial | 72 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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$ | 247,403 | $ | 205,677 | $ | 205,832 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(1) | Date loan was originated or acquired by us, and the LTV as of such date. Dates are not updated for subsequent loan modifications or upsizes. |
(2) | As of September 30, 2018, our floating rate loans were indexed to LIBOR, or L. In addition to cash coupon, all-in yield includes accretion of discount (amortization of premium) and accrual of exit fees. |
(3) | Maximum maturity assumes all extension options are exercised by the borrower, however loans may be repaid prior to such date. |
Subsequent Activity
During the period from October 1, 2018 through the date the unaudited consolidated financial statements were issued, we closed on one senior floating-rate mortgage loan of which $12,400 was funded at closing. We funded the purchase of the loan with cash on hand, proceeds from our public and private offerings and $8,680 in proceeds from one of our financing facilities.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth information regarding our consolidated results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and for the period from September 13, 2017 (Commencement of Operations) through September 30, 2017:
Three Months Ended September 30, |
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 2018 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
Net interest income |
||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
$ | 3,519 | $ | 116 | $ | 6,687 | $ | 116 | ||||||||
Less: Interest expense |
(1,795 | ) | (61 | ) | (3,645 | ) | (61 | ) | ||||||||
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Net interest income |
1,724 | 55 | 3,042 | 55 | ||||||||||||
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Other expenses |
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Management and incentive fees |
39 | | 43 | | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses |
917 | 177 | 2,110 | 177 | ||||||||||||
Less: Expense limitation |
(645 | ) | (164 | ) | (1,562 | ) | (164 | ) | ||||||||
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Net other expenses |
311 | 13 | 591 | 13 | ||||||||||||
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Net income |
$ | 1,413 | $ | 42 | $ | 2,451 | $ | 42 | ||||||||
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25
Table of Contents
Net Interest Income
Net interest income is generated on our interest-earning assets less related interest-bearing liabilities. Interest income was attributable to debt investments acquired or originated in our portfolio and non-recurring prepayment fee income. Interest expense was attributable to interest on borrowings and amortization of deferred financing costs related to our repurchase facilities.
Expenses
General and administrative expenses include auditing and professional fees, independent director fees, transfer agent fees, loan servicing expenses and other costs associated with operating our business.
Expense Limitation
We have entered into an amended and restated expense limitation agreement with FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto pursuant to which FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto have agreed to waive reimbursement of or pay, on a quarterly basis, our annualized ordinary operating expenses for such quarter to the extent such expenses exceed 1.5% per annum of our average net assets attributable to each of our classes of common stock. Ordinary operating expenses for each class of common stock consist of all ordinary expenses attributable to such class, including administration fees, transfer agent fees, fees paid to our board of directors, loan servicing expenses, administrative services expenses, and related costs associated with legal, regulatory compliance and investor relations, but excluding the following: (a) advisory fees, (b) interest expense and other financing costs, (c) taxes, (d) distribution or shareholder servicing fees and (e) unusual, unexpected and/or nonrecurring expenses. We will repay FS Real Estate Advisor or Rialto on a quarterly basis any ordinary operating expenses previously waived or paid, but only if the reimbursement would not cause the then-current expense limitation, if any, to be exceeded. In addition, the reimbursement of expenses will be made only if payable not more than three years from the end of the fiscal quarter in which the expenses were paid or waived.
During the period from September 13, 2017 (Commencement of Operations) to September 30, 2018, we accrued $2,103 for reimbursement of expenses that FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto have agreed to pay, including $1,562 in reimbursements for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. During the period from September 13, 2017 (Commencement of Operations) to September 30, 2018, we received $1,458 in cash reimbursements from FS Real Estate Advisor. As of September 30, 2018, we had $645 of reimbursements due from FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto.
NAV per Share
FS Real Estate Advisor calculates NAV per share in accordance with the valuation guidelines approved by our board of directors for the purposes of establishing a price for shares sold in our public offering as well as establishing a repurchase price for shares repurchased pursuant to our share repurchase plan.
The following table provides a breakdown of the major components of our total NAV as of September 30, 2018:
Components of NAV |
September 30, 2018 |
|||
Loans receivable |
$ | 205,561 | ||
Other assets |
6,149 | |||
Repurchase agreements payable |
(141,446 | ) | ||
Other liabilities |
(1,939 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net asset value |
$ | 68,325 | ||
|
|
26
Table of Contents
The following table provides a breakdown of our total NAV and NAV per share by share class as of September 30, 2018:
NAV per Share |
Class F | Class Y | Class T | Class S | Class D | Class M | Class I | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net asset value |
$ | 54,144 | $ | 4,753 | $ | 202 | $ | 95 | $ | 343 | $ | 7,367 | $ | 1,421 | $ | 68,325 | ||||||||||||||||
Number of outstanding shares |
2,194,607 | 193,013 | 8,098 | 3,765 | 13,700 | 293,164 | 57,717 | 2,764,064 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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NAV per share as of September 30, 2018 |
$ | 24.6715 | $ | 24.6247 | $ | 25.0290 | $ | 25.1681 | $ | 25.0221 | $ | 25.1298 | $ | 24.6157 | ||||||||||||||||||
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The following table sets forth a reconciliation of our stockholders equity to our NAV as of September 30, 2018.
September 30, 2018 |
||||
Total stockholders equity under GAAP |
$ | 67,783 | ||
Adjustments: |
||||
Accrued stockholder servicing fees(1) |
542 | |||
|
|
|||
Net asset value |
$ | 68,325 | ||
|
|
(1) | Stockholder servicing fees only apply to Class T, Class S, Class D and Class M shares. Under GAAP, we accrue future stockholder servicing fees in an amount equal to our best estimate of fees payable to FS Investment Solutions at the time such shares are sold. For purposes of NAV, we recognize the stockholder servicing fee as a reduction of NAV on a daily basis as such fee is accrued. As a result, the estimated liability for the future stockholder servicing fees, which are accrued at the time each share is sold, will have no effect on the NAV of any class. |
Limits on the Calculation of Our Per Share NAV
Although our primary goal in establishing our valuation guidelines is to produce a valuation that represents a fair and accurate estimate of the value of our investments, the methodologies used are based on judgments, assumptions and opinions about future events that may or may not prove to be correct, and if different judgments, assumptions or opinions were used, a different estimate would likely result. Furthermore, our published per share NAV may not fully reflect certain extraordinary events because we may not be able to immediately quantify the financial impact of such events on our portfolio. FS Real Estate Advisor monitors our portfolio between valuations to determine whether there have been any extraordinary events that may have materially changed the estimated market value of the portfolio. If required by applicable securities law, we will promptly disclose the occurrence of such event in a prospectus supplement and FS Real Estate Advisor will analyze the impact of such extraordinary event on our portfolio and determine, in coordination with third-party valuation services, the appropriate adjustment to be made to our NAV. We will not, however, retroactively adjust NAV. To the extent that the extraordinary events may result in a material change in value of a specific investment, FS Real Estate Advisor will order a new valuation of the investment, which will be prepared by the third-party valuation service. It is not known whether any resulting disparity will benefit stockholders whose shares are or are not being repurchased or purchasers of our common stock.
We include no discounts to our NAV for the illiquid nature of our shares, including the limitations on your ability to sell shares under our share repurchase plan and our ability to suspend or terminate our share repurchase plan at any time. Our NAV generally does not consider exit costs that would likely be incurred if our assets and liabilities were liquidated or sold. While we may use market pricing concepts to value individual components of our NAV, our per share NAV is not derived from the market pricing information of open-end real estate funds listed on stock exchanges.
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We do not represent, warranty or guarantee that:
| a stockholder would be able to realize the NAV per share for the class of shares a stockholder owns if the stockholder attempts to sell its shares; |
| a stockholder would ultimately realize distributions per share equal to per share NAV upon a liquidation of our assets and settlement of our liabilities or upon any other liquidity event; |
| shares of our common stock would trade at per share NAV on a national securities exchange; |
| a third party in an arms-length transaction would offer to purchase all or substantially all of our shares of common stock at NAV; |
| NAV would equate to a market price for an open-end real estate fund; and |
| NAV would represent the fair value of our assets less liabilities under GAAP. |
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of September 30, 2018, we had $1,734 in cash and cash equivalents, which we and our wholly owned subsidiaries held in custodial accounts. In addition, as of September 30, 2018, we had $63,554 in borrowings available under our financing arrangements, subject to certain limitations. As of September 30, 2018, we had unfunded loan commitments of $41,726. We maintain sufficient cash on hand, available borrowings and undrawn capital commitments to fund such unfunded commitments should the need arise.
We will obtain the funds required to purchase or originate investments and conduct our operations from the net proceeds of our public offering, the private placement of our Class F Shares, which is not eligible to participate in our share repurchase plan until September 2019, and any future offerings we may conduct, from secured and unsecured borrowings from banks and other lenders, and from any undistributed funds from operations. Our principal demands for funds will be for asset acquisitions/originations, the payment of operating expenses and distributions, the payment of interest on any outstanding indebtedness and repurchases of our common stock pursuant to our share repurchase plan. Generally, cash needs for items other than asset acquisitions/originations will be met from operations, and cash needs for asset acquisitions/originations will be funded by public offerings of our shares and debt financings. However, there may be a delay between the sale of our shares and our purchase/originations of assets, which could result in a delay in the benefits to our stockholders of returns generated from our investment operations. Once we have fully invested the proceeds of our public offering, our target leverage ratio will be approximately 60% of the greater of the cost or fair value of our investments, although it may exceed this level. Our leverage may not exceed 300% of our total net assets (as defined in our charter).
If we are unable to raise substantial funds in our initial public offering, we will make fewer investments resulting in less diversification in terms of the type, number and size of investments we make and the value of an investment in us will fluctuate with the performance of the specific assets we acquire. Further, we will have certain fixed operating expenses, including certain expenses as a publicly offered REIT, regardless of whether we are able to raise substantial funds in our initial public offering. Our inability to raise substantial funds would increase our fixed operating expenses as a percentage of gross income, reducing our net income and limiting our ability to make distributions.
Potential future sources of capital include proceeds from secured or unsecured financings from banks or other lenders or proceeds from the sale of assets or collection of loans receivable.
In addition to making investments in accordance with our investment objectives, we expect to use our capital resources to make certain payments to FS Real Estate Advisor and FS Investment Solutions, the dealer manager for our public offering. During the offering stage of our public offering, these payments will include
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payments to FS Real Estate Advisor and its affiliates for reimbursement of certain organization and offering expenses. We will reimburse FS Real Estate Advisor for the organization and offering costs it or Rialto incurs on our behalf only to the extent that the reimbursement would not cause the selling commissions, dealer manager fees, accountable due diligence expenses, stockholder servicing fees and the other organization and offering expenses borne by us to exceed 15.0% of the gross offering proceeds from the primary offering as the amount of proceeds increases. FS Real Estate Advisor has agreed to advance all of our organization and offering expenses on our behalf until we have raised $250,000 of gross proceeds in our public offering. From and after the date we have raised $250,000 in gross proceeds in our public offering, we will reimburse FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto for any organization and offering expenses that FS Real Estate Advisor or Rialto has incurred and advanced, on our behalf, up to a cap of 0.75% of the gross offering proceeds of our public offering in excess of $250,000.
During our acquisition and development stage, subject to the limitations in the advisory agreement and sub-advisory agreement, we expect to make payments to FS Real Estate Advisor in connection with the management of our assets and costs incurred by FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto in providing services to us. The advisory agreement has a one-year term but may be renewed for an unlimited number of successive one-year periods upon the mutual consent of FS Real Estate Advisor and our board of directors. For a discussion of the compensation to be paid to FS Real Estate Advisor and FS Investment Solutions, see Note 5 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our financial statements are prepared in conformity with GAAP, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Critical accounting policies are those that require the application of managements most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often because of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and that may change in subsequent periods. In preparing the financial statements, management also will utilize available information, including our past history, industry standards and the current economic environment, among other factors, in forming its estimates and judgments, giving due consideration to materiality. Actual results may differ from these estimates. In addition, other companies may utilize different estimates, which may impact the comparability of our results of operations to those of companies in similar businesses. As we execute our expected operating plans, we will describe additional critical accounting policies in the notes to our financial statements in addition to those discussed below.
Loans Receivable and Provision for Loan Losses: We originate and purchase commercial real estate debt and related instruments generally to be held as long-term investments at amortized cost. We are required to periodically evaluate each of these loans for possible impairment. Impairment is indicated when it is deemed probable that we will not be able to collect all amounts due to us pursuant to the contractual terms of the loan. If a loan is determined to be impaired, we write down the loan through a charge to the provision for loan losses. Impairment of these loans, which are collateral dependent, is measured by comparing the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral, less costs to sell, to the book value of the respective loan. These valuations require significant judgments, which include assumptions regarding capitalization rates, leasing, creditworthiness of major tenants, occupancy rates, availability of financing, exit plan, loan sponsorship, actions of other lenders, and other factors deemed necessary by FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto. Actual losses, if any, could ultimately differ from these estimates. FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto perform a quarterly review of our portfolio of loans.
In connection with this review, FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto assess the risk factors of each loan and assign a risk rating based on a variety of factors, including, without limitation, LTV, debt yield, property type, geographic and local market dynamics, physical condition, cash flow volatility, leasing and tenant profile, loan
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structure and exit plan, and project sponsorship. Based on a 5-point scale, our loans are rated 1 through 5, from less risk to greater risk, which ratings are defined as follows:
Loan Risk |
Summary Description | |
1 | Very Low Risk | |
2 | Low Risk | |
3 | Medium Risk | |
4 | High Risk/Potential for Loss: A loan that has a risk of realizing a principal loss | |
5 | Impaired/Loss Likely: A loan that has a very high risk of realizing a principal loss or has otherwise incurred a principal loss |
Revenue Recognition: Security transactions will be accounted for on the trade date. We record interest income on an accrual basis to the extent that we expect to collect such amounts. We will record dividend income on the ex-dividend date. We do not accrue as a receivable interest or dividends on loans and securities if there is reason to doubt the collectability of such income. Any loan origination fees, original issue discount and market discount are capitalized and such amounts are amortized as interest income over the respective term of the investment. Upon the prepayment of a loan or security, any unamortized loan origination fees to which we are entitled are recorded as fee income. We will record prepayment premiums on loans and securities as fee income when we receive such amounts.
See Note 2 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein for additional information regarding our significant accounting policies.
Contractual Obligations
We have entered into an advisory agreement with FS Real Estate Advisor to provide us with advisory and administrative services. Pursuant to the advisory agreement, FS Real Estate Advisor receives payments for performing advisory services for us consisting of (a) an annual base management fee of 1.25% of our NAV for our Class T, Class S, Class D, Class M and Class I shares and (b) a performance fee equal to 10.0% of our Core Earnings, subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a rate of return on average adjusted capital, equal to 1.625% per quarter, or an annualized hurdle rate of 6.5%. For purposes of calculating the performance fee, Core Earnings means: the net income (loss) attributable to stockholders of Class T, Class S, Class D, Class M, Class I and Class Y shares computed in accordance with GAAP, including realized gains (losses) not otherwise included in GAAP (provided that net income (loss) attributable to Class Y stockholders shall be subject to certain reductions) net income (loss) and excluding (i) non-cash equity compensation expense, (ii) the performance fee, (iii) depreciation and amortization, (iv) any unrealized gains or losses or other similar non-cash items that are included in net income for the applicable reporting period, regardless of whether such items are included in other comprehensive income or loss, or in net income, and (v) one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP and certain material non-cash income or expense items, in each case after discussions between FS Real Estate Advisor and our independent directors and approved by a majority of our independent directors. The base management fee and the performance fee are class-specific expenses. No base management fee will be paid on our Class F or Class Y shares and no performance fee will be paid on our Class F shares.
Pursuant to the advisory agreement, FS Real Estate Advisor oversees our day-to-day operations, including providing us with general ledger accounting, fund accounting, legal services, investor relations and other administrative services. We have agreed to reimburse FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto for administrative expenses incurred on our behalf, subject to limitations set forth in our charter and the advisory agreement. See Note 5 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein for additional information.
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A summary of our significant contractual payment obligations related to the repayment of our outstanding indebtedness at September 30, 2018 is as follows:
Payments Due By Period | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Less than 1 year |
1-3 years | 3-5 years | More than 5 years |
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WF-1 Facility(1) |
$ | 22,625 | $ | 22,625 | | | | |||||||||||||
GS-1 Facility(2) |
$ | 118,821 | $ | 118,821 | | | |
(1) | At September 30, 2018, $52,375 remained unused under the WF-1 Facility. As more fully disclosed in Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements, these obligations are subject to existing extension options for one or more additional one-year periods. |
(2) | At September 30, 2018, $11,179 remained unused under the GS-1 Facility. As more fully disclosed in Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements, these obligations are subject to existing extension options for one or more additional one-year periods. |
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We currently have no off-balance sheet arrangements, including any risk management of commodity pricing or other hedging practices.
Related Party Transactions
Compensation of FS Real Estate Advisor and the Dealer Manager
Pursuant to the advisory agreement, FS Real Estate Advisor is entitled to an annual base management fee equal to 1.25% of the NAV for our Class T, Class S, Class D, Class M and Class I shares and a performance fee based on our performance. We also reimburse FS Real Estate Advisor and Rialto for expenses necessary to perform services related to our administration and operations, including FS Real Estate Advisors allocable portion of the compensation and related expenses of certain personnel of FS Investments providing administrative services to us on behalf of FS Real Estate Advisor. Pursuant to the advisory agreement, we will reimburse FS Real Estate Advisor and its affiliates for expenses necessary to perform services related to our organization and continuous public offering; however FS Real Estate Advisor has agreed to advance all of our organization and offering expenses until we have raised $250,000 of gross proceeds from our public offering.
The dealer manager for our continuous public offering is FS Investment Solutions, which is an affiliate of FS Real Estate Advisor. Under the dealer manager agreement, FS Investment Solutions is entitled to receive upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees in connection with the sale of shares of common stock in our continuous public offering. FS Investment Solutions anticipates that all of the selling commissions and dealer manager fees will be reallowed to participating broker-dealers, unless a particular broker-dealer declines to accept some portion of the dealer manager fee they are otherwise eligible to receive. FS Investment Solutions is also entitled to receive stockholder servicing fees, which accrue daily and are paid on a monthly basis. FS Investment Solutions will reallow such stockholder servicing fees to participating broker-dealers, servicing broker-dealers and financial institutions (including bank trust departments) and will waive (pay back to us) stockholder servicing fees to the extent a broker-dealer or financial institution is not eligible or otherwise declines to receive all or a portion of such fees.
See Note 5 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein for additional information regarding our related party transactions and relationships, including a description of the fees and amounts due to FS Real Estate Advisor, compensation of FS Investment Solutions, capital contributions by FS Investments and Rialto, our amended and restated expense limitation agreement with FS Investments and our purchase of a mortgage loan from an affiliate of Rialto.
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FS Investment Solutions also serves or served as the placement agent for our private offerings of Class F and Class Y shares pursuant to placement agreements. FS Investment Solutions does not receive any compensation pursuant to these agreements.
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. |
We are subject to financial market risks, including changes in interest rates. As of September 30, 2018, 100% of the outstanding principal of our debt investments were floating rate investments. A rise in the general level of interest rates can be expected to lead to higher interest rates applicable to any variable rate investments we may hold and to declines in the value of any fixed rate investments we may hold. To the extent that a substantial portion of our investments may be in variable rate investments, an increase in interest rates could make it easier for us to meet or exceed our performance fee hurdle rate and may result in a substantial increase to the amount of performance fees payable to FS Real Estate Advisor.
Pursuant to the terms of the WF-1 Facility and the GS-1 Facility, borrowings are at a floating rate based on LIBOR. To the extent that any present or future credit facilities or other financing arrangements that we or any of our subsidiaries enter into are based on a floating interest rate, we will be subject to risks relating to changes in market interest rates. In periods of rising interest rates, when we have debt outstanding, our cost of funds would increase, which could reduce our net investment income, especially to the extent we hold fixed rate investments.
We may seek to limit the impact of rising interest rates on earnings and cash flows through the use of derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to changes in interest rates on loans secured by our assets.
The following table shows the effect over a twelve-month period of changes in interest rates on our interest income, interest expense, and net interest income, assuming no changes in the composition of our investment portfolio, including the accrual status of our investments, and our financing arrangements in effect as of September 30, 2018:
Basis Point Changes in Interest Rates |
Increase (Decrease) in Interest Income |
Increase (Decrease) in Interest Expense |
Increase (Decrease) in Net Interest Income |
Percentage Change in Net Interest Income |
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Down 50 basis points |
$ | (1,028 | ) | $ | (707 | ) | $ | (321 | ) | (4.4 | )% | |||||
Down 25 basis points |
$ | (514 | ) | $ | (354 | ) | $ | (160 | ) | (2.2 | )% | |||||
No change |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Up 25 basis points |
$ | 514 | $ | 354 | $ | 160 | 2.2 | % | ||||||||
Up 50 basis points |
$ | 1,028 | $ | 707 | $ | 321 | 4.4 | % |
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures. |
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2018.
Based on the foregoing, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that we would meet our disclosure obligations.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f)) that occurred during the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Item 1. |
We are not currently subject to any material legal proceedings, nor, to our knowledge, is any material legal proceeding threatened against us. From time to time, we may be party to certain legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business, including proceedings relating to the enforcement of our rights under contracts with our portfolio companies. While the outcome of any legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not expect that these proceedings will have a material adverse effect upon our financial condition or results of operations.
Item 1A. | Risk Factors. |
In addition to the other information contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, the following information should be carefully considered.
The following supplements and amends the section of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 entitled Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Corporate Structure by deleting the risk factor entitled Valuations and appraisals of our real estate-related debt and other targeted investments are estimates of fair value and may not necessarily correspond to realizable value, which could adversely affect the value of stockholders investment. and replacing it in its entirety with the following:
Valuations and appraisals of our real estate-related debt and other targeted investments may reflect estimates of fair value and may not necessarily correspond to realizable value, which could adversely affect the value of stockholders investment.
For the purposes of calculating our NAV, our investments will initially be valued at amortized cost upon their acquisition which we expect to represent fair value at that time. Thereafter, the valuations of our real estate-related debt and other investments, as necessary, will be conducted in accordance with our valuation guidelines and, depending on the asset type, will continue to be valued at amortized cost or will take into consideration valuations by the sub-adviser and by independent third-party valuation services. Within the parameters of our valuation guidelines, the valuation methodologies used to value our investments will involve subjective judgments concerning factors such as comparable sales, rental and operating expense data, capitalization or discount rate, and projections of future rent and expenses. Although our valuation guidelines are designed to accurately and fairly determine the value of our assets, determinations, appraisals and valuations will be only estimates, and ultimate realization depends on conditions beyond our advisers control. Further, valuations do not necessarily represent the price at which we would be able to sell an asset, because such prices would be negotiated. We will not, however, retroactively adjust the valuation of such assets, the price of our common stock or the price we paid to repurchase shares of our common stock. Because the repurchase price per share for each class of common stock will be equal to the transaction price on the applicable repurchase date (which will generally be equal to our prior months NAV per share), stockholders may receive less than realizable value for your investment.
The following supplements and amends the section of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 entitled Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Assets by deleting the risk factor entitled Some of our portfolio investments may be recorded at fair value and, as a result, there may be uncertainty as to the value of these investments. and replacing it in its entirety with the following:
Some of our portfolio investments may be recorded at estimated fair value and, as a result, there may be uncertainty as to the value of these investments.
In accordance with our valuation guidelines, some of our portfolio investments for which no secondary market exists will be valued at least quarterly at fair value, or more frequently as necessary, which includes
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consideration of unobservable inputs. Because such valuations are subjective, the fair value of certain of such assets may fluctuate over short periods of time and our determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these securities existed. The value of our common stock could be adversely affected if our determinations regarding the fair value of these investments were materially higher than the values that we ultimately realize upon their disposal.
The following supplements and amends the section of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 entitled Risk FactorsRisks Related to an Investment in Us by adding the following:
Changes in the sub-adviser resulting from an anticipated sale of Rialto may negatively impact our operations.
On October 29, 2018, Lennar Corporation, the parent of Rialto, announced that it has agreed to sell Rialto to Stone Point Capital. The transaction is scheduled to close on November 30, 2018 or as soon after that as the conditions to the transaction are fulfilled. Although it is anticipated that Rialto will continue to be led by its current management, this change in control of the sub-adviser may negatively impact our operations.
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds. |
Use of Proceeds
On September 11, 2017, our registration statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-216037), covering our initial public offering of up to $2.75 billion in shares of common stock, was declared effective under the Securities Act, and we commenced our initial public offering. We are offering on a continuous basis up to $2.5 billion in any combination of Class T, Class S, Class D, Class M and Class I shares of common stock in our primary offering and up to $250 million in any combination of Class F, Class Y, Class T, Class S, Class D, Class M and Class I shares of common stock pursuant to our DRIP. FS Investment Solutions, LLC, an affiliate of FS Real Estate Advisor, serves as the dealer manager of our initial public offering.
Our equity raise as of September 30, 2018 resulted in the following ($ in thousands except for per share data):
Class F Shares |
Class Y Shares |
Class T Shares |
Class S Shares |
Class D Shares |
Class M Shares |
Class I Shares |
Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary shares sold |
2,194,607 | 193,013 | 8,098 | 3,765 | 13,700 | 293,164 | 57,717 | 2,764,064 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross proceeds from primary offering |
$ | 52,416 | $ | 4,758 | $ | 207 | $ | 97 | $ | 343 | $ | 7,357 | $ | 1,419 | $ | 66,597 | ||||||||||||||||
Reinvestments of distributions |
2,003 | 74 | 1 | | | 7 | 5 | 2,090 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total gross proceeds |
54,419 | 4,832 | 208 | 97 | 343 | 7,364 | 1,424 | 68,687 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling commissions |
| | (6 | ) | (3 | ) | | | | (9 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholder servicing fees |
| | (1 | ) | 0 | 0 | (4 | ) | | (5 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Net offering proceeds |
$ | 54,419 | $ | 4,832 | $ | 201 | $ | 94 | $ | 343 | $ | 7,360 | $ | 1,424 | $ | 68,673 | ||||||||||||||||
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From the effective date of our initial public offering through September 30, 2018, the net offering proceeds to us, after deducting the total expenses incurred as described above, were $68,673. We primarily used the net offering proceeds to originate, acquire and manage a portfolio of real estate-related investments in accordance with our investment objectives. See Note 1 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein for additional information regarding our investment objectives.
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Share Repurchase Program
We have adopted a share repurchase plan, whereby on a monthly basis, stockholders may request that we repurchase all or any portion of their shares. Class F shares and Class Y shares are not eligible to participate in our share repurchase plan until September 2019. The repurchase of shares is limited to no more than 2% of our aggregate NAV per month of all classes of shares then participating in our share repurchase plan and no more than 5% of our aggregate NAV per calendar quarter of all classes of shares then participating in our share repurchase plan, which means that in any 12-month period, we limit repurchases to approximately 20% of the total NAV of all classes of shares then participating in the share repurchase plan.
During the three months ended September 30, 2018, there were no repurchases of shares of common stock pursuant to our share repurchase program.
Item 3. | Defaults upon Senior Securities. |
None.
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures. |
Not applicable.
Item 5. | Other Information. |
Not applicable.
Item 6. | Exhibits. |
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* | Filed herewith. |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Quarterly Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on November 14, 2018.
FS CREDIT REAL ESTATE INCOME TRUST, INC. | ||
By: | /s/ MICHAEL C. FORMAN | |
Michael C. Forman Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | ||
By: | /s/ EDWARD T. GALLIVAN, JR. | |
Edward T. Gallivan, Jr. Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer) |
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