Organization and Description of Business - Old Line Bancshares, Inc. (“Old Line Bancshares”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Maryland on April 11, 2003 to serve as the holding company of Old Line Bank. The primary business of Old Line Bancshares is to own all of the capital stock of Old Line Bank. We provide a full range of banking services to customers located in Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Baltimore City, Calvert, Carroll, Charles, Frederick, Harford, Howard, Montgomery, Prince George’s, and St. Mary’s Counties in Maryland and surrounding areas.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation - The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the activity of Old Line Bancshares and its wholly owned subsidiary, Old Line Bank, and its wholly-owned subsidiary Pointer Ridge Office Investments, LLC (“Pointer Ridge”), a real estate investment company. We have eliminated all significant intercompany transactions and balances.

The foregoing consolidated financial statements for the periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), however, in the opinion of management we have included all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results of the interim period. We derived the balances as of December 31, 2017 from audited financial statements. These statements should be read in conjunction with Old Line Bancshares’ financial statements and accompanying notes included in Old Line Bancshares’ Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. We have made no significant changes to Old Line Bancshares’ accounting policies as disclosed in the Form 10-K, except as described in the Recent Accounting Pronouncements section below

Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. These estimates and assumptions may affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. A material estimate that is particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relates to the determination of the allowance for loan losses.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Old Line Bancshares records revenue from contracts with customers in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“Topic 606”). Under Topic 606, we must identify the contract with a customer, identify the performance obligations in the contract, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation.

Our primary sources of revenue are derived from interest and dividends earned on loans, investment securities, and other financial instruments that are not within the scope of Topic 606. We have evaluated the nature of Old Line Bancshares’ contracts with customers and determined that further disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers into more granular categories beyond what is presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income was not necessary. Old Line Bancshares generally fully satisfies its performance obligations on its contracts with customers as services are rendered and the transaction prices are typically fixed; charged either on a periodic basis or based on activity. Because performance obligations are satisfied as services are rendered and the transaction prices are fixed, there is little judgment involved in applying Topic 606 that significantly affects the determination of the amount and timing of revenue from contracts with customers.

As a result of the BYBK acquisition, the Bank became a member of the POS network sponsorship program, which allows our customers to access several processing and settlement networks; when our customers use one of these networks, the Bank receives a transaction fee from the network.

Reclassifications - We have made certain reclassifications to the 2017 financial presentation to conform to the 2018 presentation. These reclassifications did not change net income or stockholders’ equity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements – In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which will supersede nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principal of this ASU is that an entity should recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This ASU also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The ASU allows for either full retrospective or modified retrospective adoption. The ASU does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments, including loans and securities that are accounted for under U.S. GAAP. Our revenue is comprised of net interest income on financial assets and liabilities, which is explicitly excluded from the scope of the new guidance, and non-interest income. The contracts that are within scope of the guidance are primarily related to service charges on deposit accounts, cardholder and merchant income, point of sale sponsorship program, wealth advisory services income, other service charges and fees, sales of other real estate owned, insurance commissions and miscellaneous fees. Old Line Bancshares adopted the ASU on January 1, 2018, utilizing the modified retrospective approach. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or consolidated results of operations.

In January 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Liabilities, which is intended to improve the recognition and measurement of financial instruments by: requiring equity investments (other than equity method or consolidation) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income; requiring public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes; requiring separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (i.e., securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements; eliminating the requirement to disclose the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost for organizations that are not public business entities; eliminating the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet; and requiring a reporting organization to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk (also referred to as “own credit”) when the organization has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments. This ASU is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We adopted this ASU effective January 1, 2018. With the adoption of this ASU, equity securities can no longer be classified as available for sale, and as such marketable equity securities are disclosed as a separate line item on the balance sheet with changes in the fair value of equity securities reflected in net income. During the first quarter of 2018, we began using an exit price notion when measuring the fair value of our loan portfolio, excluding loans held for sale, for disclosure purposes. The adoption of this ASU did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). FASB issued this ASU to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under current U.S. GAAP and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early application of this ASU is permitted for all entities. This ASU will be effective for us in our first quarter of 2019. We are currently evaluating third party software options to assist in implementation of policy and procedures in order to be compliant with ASU 2016-02 Old Line Bancshares is currently assessing the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its financial condition and results of operations and will closely monitor any new developments or additional guidance to determine the potential impact the new standard will have on our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which sets forth a “current expected credit loss” (“CECL”) model requiring Old Line Bancshares to measure all expected credit losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable supportable forecasts. This replaces the existing incurred loss model and is applicable to the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost and applies to some off-balance sheet credit exposures. For public business entities that are U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission filers, the amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Old Line Bancshares has constituted a committee that has the responsibility to gather loan information and consider acceptable methodologies to comply with this ASU. The committee meets periodically to discuss the latest developments and committee members keep themselves updated on such developments via webcasts, publications, and conferences. We have also evaluated and selected a third party vendor solution to assist us in the application of ASU 2016-13. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 is likely to result in an increase in the allowance for loan losses as a result of changing from an “incurred loss” model, which encompasses allowances for current known and inherent losses within the portfolio, to an “expected loss” model, which encompasses allowances for losses expected to be incurred over the life of the portfolio. We expect to run our current model compared to the CECL model by the end of the second quarter in 2019. Furthermore, ASU 2016-13 will necessitate that we establish an allowance for expected credit losses on debt securities. Old Line Bancshares’ evaluation indicates that the provisions of ASU 2016-13 will impact its consolidated financial statements, in particular the level of the reserve for loan losses. We are, however, continuing to evaluate the extent of the potential impact.

In August 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, to address diversity in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows.  The amendments provide guidance on the following nine specific cash flow issues:  1) debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs; 2) settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing; 3) contingent consideration payments made after a business combination; 4) proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims; 5) proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, including bank-owned; 6) life insurance policies; 7) distributions received from equity method investees; 8) beneficial interests in securitization transactions; and 9) separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle.  The ASU is effective for all annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2018 and is required to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. We adopted this guidance January 1, 2018, which did not result in a change in the classification in the statement of cash flows and did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or on our financial position or results of operations.

In January 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the definition of a business, which clarifies the definition of a business and assists entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. Under this guidance, when substantially all of the fair value of gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single asset (or group of similar assets), the assets acquired would not represent a business. In addition, in order to be considered a business, an acquisition would have to include at a minimum an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create an output. The guidance also narrows the definition of outputs by more closely aligning it with how outputs are described in FASB guidance for revenue recognition. We adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2018. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which removes the requirement to compare the implied fair value of goodwill with its carrying amount as part of step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. As a result, under the ASU, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The ASU is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. We expect to implement ASU 2017-04 beginning with our upcoming goodwill testing during the fourth quarter of 2018. Old Line Bancshares does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-04 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-08, Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. This ASU shortens the amortization period for the premium on certain purchased callable debt securities to the earliest call date. Today, entities generally amortize the premium over the contractual life of the security. The new guidance does not change the accounting for purchased callable debt securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity. ASU 2017-08 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018; early adoption is permitted. The guidance calls for a modified retrospective transition approach under which a cumulative-effect adjustment will be made to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. We do not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on Old Line Bancshares’ consolidated financial statements.

In August 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities. This ASU’s objectives are to: (1) improve the transparency and understandability of information conveyed to financial statement users about an entity’s risk management activities by better aligning the entity’s financial reporting for hedging relationships with those risk management activities; and (2) reduce the complexity of and simplify the application of hedge accounting by preparers. ASU 2017-12 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018; early adoption is permitted. Old Line Bancshares currently does not designate any derivative financial instruments as formal hedging relationships, and therefore, does not utilize hedge accounting. However, Old Line Bancshares is currently evaluating this ASU to determine whether its provisions will enhance its ability to employ risk management strategies, while improving the transparency and understanding of those strategies for financial statement users.

In February 2018, FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Topic 220). This ASU allows an entity to elect a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act that changed our income tax rate from 35% to 21%. The amount of that reclassification should include the effect of changes of tax rate on the deferred tax amount, any related valuation allowance and other income tax effects on the items in AOCI. The ASU requires an entity to state if an election to reclassify the tax effect to retained earnings is made along with the description of other income tax effects that are reclassified from AOCI. ASU 2018-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those fiscal years with early adoption permitted. Old Line Bancshares adopted ASU 2018-02 in the first quarter of 2018. The change in accounting principal was accounted for as a cumulative effect adjustment to the balance sheet resulting in a reclass of $459,973 from AOCI to retained earnings during the first quarter of 2018.

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements.  These amendments provide entities with an additional (and optional) transition method to adopt the new leases standard. Under this new transition method, an entity initially applies the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognizes a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. Consequently, an entity’s reporting for the comparative periods presented in the financial statements in which it adopts the new leases standard will continue to be in accordance with current GAAP (Topic 840, Leases).  The amendments also provide lessors with a practical expedient, by class of underlying asset, to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease component and, instead, to account for those components as a single component if the non-lease components otherwise would be accounted for under the new revenue guidance (Topic 606) and certain criteria are met: If the non-lease component or components associated with the lease component are the predominant component of the combined component, an entity is required to account for the combined component in accordance with Topic 606. Otherwise, the entity must account for the combined component as an operating lease in accordance with Topic 842. The amendments have the same effective date as ASU 2016-02 (January 1, 2019 for the Company). Old Line Bancshares expects to elect the transition options. ASU 2018-11 is not expected to have a material impact on the company’s consolidated financial statements.

On April 13, 2018, Old Line Bancshares acquired Bay Bancorp, Inc. (“BYBK”), the parent company of Bay Bank, FSB (“Bay Bank”). Upon the consummation of the merger, each share of common stock of BYBK outstanding immediately before the merger was converted into the right to receive 0.4088 shares of Old Line Bancshares’ common stock, provided that cash was paid in lieu of any fractional shares of Old Line Bancshares common stock. As a result, Old Line Bancshares issued 4,408,087 shares of its common stock in exchange for the shares of BYBK common stock in the merger. The aggregate merger consideration was approximately $143.6 million based on the closing sales price of Old Line Bancshares’ common stock on April 13, 2018.

In connection with the merger, Bay Bank merged with and into Old Line Bank, with Old Line Bank the surviving bank.

At April 13, 2018, BYBK had consolidated assets of approximately $663 million. This merger added eleven banking locations located in BYBK’s primary market areas of Baltimore City and Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Howard and Harford Counties in Maryland.

The BYBK transaction was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting and, accordingly, assets acquired, liabilities assumed and consideration exchanged were recorded at estimated fair value on the acquisition date. Management made significant estimates and exercised significant judgment in accounting for the acquisition of BYBK. Management judgmentally assigned risk ratings to loans based on appraisals and estimated collateral values, expected cash flows, prepayment speeds and estimated loss factors to measure fair value for loans. Management used quoted or current market prices to determine the fair value of BYBK’s investment securities.

The following table provides the purchase price as of the acquisition date and the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values.

Comparative and Pro Forma Financial Information for the BYBK Acquisition

The adjusted results of Old Line Bancshares for the periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, as presented below, include the results of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities from the BYBK acquisition since the acquisition date of April 13, 2018; adjusted net income figures shown below exclude merger and integration expenses incurred during the periods presented. Merger-related expenses of $2.3 million and $9.4 million, respectively, are recorded in the consolidated statement of income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, and include costs related to the conversion of systems, termination of contracts, branch closures and severance.

The following table discloses the impact of the merger with BYBK (excluding the impact of the merger-related expenses) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The table also presents certain pro forma information as if BYBK had been acquired on January 1, 2018. These results combine the historical results of BYBK into our consolidated statements of income and, while certain adjustments were made for the estimated impact of certain fair value adjustments and other acquisition related activity, they are not necessarily indicative of what would have occurred had the acquisition actually taken place on January 1, 2018.

Old Line Bancshares incurred merger-related expenses of $2.3 million and $9.4 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, which are excluded from the pro forma information below. In addition, no adjustments have been made to the pro formas to eliminate the $300 thousand BYBK provision for loans losses for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. No adjustments were made to reduce the impact of any other real estate owned (“OREO”) write downs, investment securities sold or repayment of borrowings recognized by BYBK in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. Old Line Bancshares expects to continue to record in the fourth quarter of 2018 expenses related to conversion, contract cancellation and personnel in connection with the BYBK merger. Old Line Bancshares also expects to achieve operating costs savings as a result of the BYBK acquisition that are not reflected in the pro forma amounts below.

Presented below is a summary of the amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities.

At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, securities with unrealized losses segregated by length of impairment were as follows:

At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we had 135 and 56 investment securities, respectively, in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or more and 73 and 56 securities, respectively, in an unrealized loss position for less than 12 months.  We consider all unrealized losses on securities as of September 30, 2018 to be temporary losses because we will redeem each security at face value at or prior to maturity. We have the ability and intent to hold these securities until recovery or maturity. As of September 30, 2018, we do not have the intent to sell any of the securities classified as available for sale and believe that it is more likely than not that we will not have to sell any such securities before a recovery of cost. In most cases, market interest rate fluctuations cause a temporary impairment in value. We expect the fair value to recover as the investments approach their maturity date or re-pricing date or if market yields for these investments decline. We do not believe that credit quality caused the impairment in any of these securities. Because we believe these impairments are temporary, we have not realized any loss in our consolidated statement of income.

During the three months ended September 30, 2018, we received $4.3 million in proceeds from maturities and principal pay-downs on investment securities. The net proceeds of these transactions were used to reduce our Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (“FHLB”) borrowings and fund loan growth. During the three months ended September 30, 2017, we received $45.8 million in proceeds from sales, maturities or calls of, and principal pay-downs on, investment securities and realized no gains or losses. The net proceeds of these transactions were used to pay down our FHLB borrowings and purchase new investment securities. In July 2017 we acquired a $42.3 million investment portfolio as a result of our acquisition of DCB Bancshares, Inc. (“DCB”), the parent company of Damascus Community Bank (“Damascus”). The securities sold during the three months ended September 30, 2017 included $41.8 million of securities that we acquired in the DCB merger, which we sold immediately after the closing of the merger, resulting in no gain or loss on such sales.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we received $67.5 million in proceeds from sales, maturities or calls of, and principal pay-downs on, investment securities. The securities sold include $51.7 million of securities that we acquired in the BYBK merger and sold immediately after the closing of the merger, resulting in no gain or loss on such sales. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we received $72.5 million in proceeds from sales, maturities or calls of, and principal pay-downs on, investment securities, and realized gains of $164 thousand and losses of $129 thousand for total realized net gain of $35 thousand. We used the net proceeds of these transactions to re-balance our investment portfolio, which resulted in an overall slightly higher yield on our security investments. The securities sold included $41.8 million of securities that we acquired in the DCB merger and sold immediately after the closing of the merger, resulting in no gain or loss on such sales.

Contractual maturities and pledged securities at September 30, 2018 are shown below. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties. We classify mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) based on contractual maturity date. However, we receive payments on a monthly basis.

Major classifications of loans held for investment are as follows:

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Credit Policies and Administration

We have adopted a comprehensive lending policy, which includes stringent underwriting standards for all types of loans. We have designed our underwriting standards to promote a complete banking relationship rather than a transactional relationship. Our lending staff follows pricing guidelines established periodically by our management team. In an effort to manage risk, prior to funding, the loan committee, consisting of four non-employee members of the board of directors and four executive officers, must approve by majority vote all credit decisions in excess of a lending officer’s lending authority. Management believes that we employ experienced lending officers, secure appropriate collateral and carefully monitor the financial condition of our borrowers and the concentrations of loans in the portfolio.

In addition to the internal business processes employed in the credit administration area, Old Line Bank retains an outside independent firm to review the loan portfolio. This firm performs a detailed annual review and an interim update. We use the results of the firm’s report to validate our internal ratings and we review the commentary on specific loans and on our loan administration activities in order to improve our operations.

Commercial Real Estate Loans

We finance commercial real estate for our clients, for owner occupied and investment properties, hospitality and land acquisition and development. Commercial real estate loans totaled $1.5 billion and $1.1 billion at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. This lending has involved loans secured by owner-occupied commercial buildings for office, storage and warehouse space, as well as non-owner occupied commercial buildings. Our underwriting criteria for commercial real estate loans include maximum loan-to-value ratios, debt coverage ratios, secondary sources of repayments, guarantor requirements, net worth requirements and quality of cash flows. Loans secured by commercial real estate may be large in size and may involve a greater degree of risk than one-to-four family residential mortgage loans. Payments on such loans are often dependent on successful operation or management of the properties. We will generally finance owner occupied commercial real estate that does not exceed loan to value of 80% and investor real estate at a maximum loan to value of 75%.

Commercial real estate lending entails significant risks. Risks inherent in managing our commercial real estate portfolio relate to sudden or gradual drops in property values as well as changes in the economic climate that may detrimentally impact the borrower’s ability to repay. We monitor the financial condition and operating performance of the borrower through a review of annual tax returns and updated financial statements. In addition, we meet with the borrower and/or perform site visits as required.

At September 30, 2018, we had approximately $161.6 million of commercial real estate loans outstanding to the hospitality industry. An individual review of these loans indicates that they generally have a low loan to value, more than acceptable existing or projected cash flow, are to experienced operators and are generally dispersed throughout the region.

Residential Real Estate Loans

We offer a variety of consumer oriented residential real estate loans including home equity lines of credit, home improvement loans and first or second mortgages on owner occupied and investment properties. Our residential loan portfolio amounted to $514.2 million and $310.7 million at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Although most of these loans are in our market area, the diversity of the individual loans in the portfolio reduces our potential risk. Usually, we secure our residential real estate loans with a security interest in the borrower’s primary or secondary residence with a loan to value not exceeding 85%. Our initial underwriting includes an analysis of the borrower’s debt/income ratio which generally may not exceed 43%, collateral value, length of employment and prior credit history. A credit score of at least 640 is required. We do not originate any subprime residential real estate loans.

This segment of our portfolio also consists of funds advanced for construction of custom single family residences homes (where the home buyer is the borrower) and financing to builders for the construction of pre-sold homes and multi-family housing. These loans generally have short durations, meaning maturities typically of twelve months or less. Old Line Bank limits its construction lending risk through adherence to established underwriting procedures. These loans generally have short durations, meaning maturities typically of twelve months or less. Residential houses, multi-family dwellings and commercial buildings under construction and the underlying land for which the loan was obtained secure the construction loans. The vast majority of these loans are concentrated in our market area.

Construction lending also entails significant risk. These risks generally involve larger loan balances concentrated with single borrowers with funds advanced upon the security of the land or the project under construction. An appraisal of the property estimates the value of the project “as is and as if” completed. An appraisal of the property estimates the value of the project prior to completion of construction. Thus, initial funds are advanced based on the current value of the property with the remaining construction funds advanced under a budget sufficient to successfully complete the project within the “as completed” loan to value. To further mitigate the risks, we generally limit loan amounts to 80% or less of appraised values and obtain first lien positions on the property.

We generally only offer real estate construction financing only to experienced builders, commercial entities or individuals who have demonstrated the ability to obtain a permanent loan “take-out” (conversion to a permanent mortgage upon completion of the project). We also perform a complete analysis of the borrower and the project under construction. This analysis includes a review of the cost to construct, the borrower’s ability to obtain a permanent “take-out” the cash flow available to support the debt payments and construction costs in excess of loan proceeds, and the value of the collateral. During construction, we advance funds on these loans on a percentage of completion basis. We inspect each project as needed prior to advancing funds during the term of the construction loan. We may provide permanent financing on the same projects for which we have provided the construction financing.

We also offer fixed rate home improvement loans. Our home equity and home improvement loan portfolio gives us a diverse client base. Although most of these loans are in our market area, the diversity of the individual loans in the portfolio reduces our potential risk. Usually, we secure our home equity loans and lines of credit with a security interest in the borrower’s primary or secondary residence.

Under our loan approval policy, all residential real estate loans approved must comply with federal regulations. Generally, we will make residential mortgage loans in amounts up to the limits established by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac for secondary market resale purposes. Currently this amount for single-family residential loans varies from $453,100 up to a maximum of $679,650 for certain high-cost designated areas. We also make residential mortgage loans up to limits established by the Federal Housing Administration, which currently is $679,650. The Washington, D.C. and Baltimore areas are both considered high-cost designated areas. We will, however, make loans in excess of these amounts if we believe that we can sell the loans in the secondary market or that the loans should be held in our portfolio. For loans we originate for sale in the secondary market, we typically require a credit score of 620 or higher, with some exceptions provided we receive an approval recommendation from FannieMae, FreddieMac or the Federal Housing Administration’s automated underwriting approval system.  Loans sold in the secondary market are sold to investors on a servicing released basis and recorded as loans as held for sale.  The premium is recorded in income on marketable loans in non-interest income, net of commissions paid to the loan officers.

Commercial and Industrial Lending

Our commercial and industrial lending consists of lines of credit, revolving credit facilities, accounts receivable financing, term loans, equipment loans, Small Business Administration loans, standby letters of credit and unsecured loans. We originate commercial loans for any business purpose including the financing of leasehold improvements and equipment, the carrying of accounts receivable, general working capital, and acquisition activities. We have a diverse client base and we do not have a concentration of these types of loans in any specific industry segment. We generally secure commercial business loans with accounts receivable, equipment, deeds of trust and other collateral such as marketable securities, cash value of life insurance and time deposits at Old Line Bank.

Commercial business loans have a higher degree of risk than residential mortgage loans because the availability of funds for repayment generally depends on the success of the business. They may also involve high average balances, increased difficulty monitoring and a high risk of default. To help manage this risk, we typically limit these loans to proven businesses and we generally obtain appropriate collateral and personal guarantees from the borrower’s principal owners and monitor the financial condition of the business. For loans in excess of $250,000, monitoring generally includes a review of the borrower’s annual tax returns and updated financial statements.

Consumer Installment Lending

We offer various types of secured and unsecured consumer loans. We make consumer loans for personal, family or household purposes as a convenience to our customer base. Consumer loans, however, are not a focus of our lending activities. The underwriting standards for consumer loans include a determination of the applicant’s payment history on other debts and an assessment of his or her ability to meet existing obligations and payments on the proposed loan. As a general guideline, a consumer’s total debt service should not exceed 40% of his or her gross income.

Our consumer loan portfolio, includes indirect loans, which consists primarily of auto and RV loans. These loans are financed through dealers and the dealers receive a percentage of the finance charge, which varies depending on the terms of each loan. We use the same underwriting standards in originating these indirect loans as we do for consumer loans generally.

Consumer loans may present greater credit risk than residential mortgage loans because many consumer loans are unsecured or rapidly depreciating assets secure these loans. Repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance because of the greater likelihood of damage, loss or depreciation. Consumer loan collections depend on the borrower’s continuing financial stability. If a borrower suffers personal financial difficulties, the consumer may not repay the loan. Also, various federal and state laws, including bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount we can recover on such loans.

Concentrations of Credit

Most of our lending activity occurs within the state of Maryland within the suburban Washington, D.C. and Baltimore market areas in Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Baltimore City, Calvert, Carroll, Charles, Frederick, Harford, Howard, Montgomery, Prince George’s and St. Mary’s Counties. The majority of our loan portfolio consists of commercial real estate loans and residential real estate loans.

Non-Accrual and Past Due Loans

We consider loans past due if the borrower has not paid the required principal and interest payments when due under the original or modified terms of the promissory note and place a loan on non-accrual status when the payment of principal or interest has become 90 days past due. When we classify a loan as non-accrual, we no longer accrue interest on such loan and we reverse any interest previously accrued but not collected. We will generally restore a non-accrual loan to accrual status when the borrower brings delinquent principal and interest payments current and we expect to collect future monthly principal and interest payments. We recognize interest on non-accrual legacy loans only when received. We originally recorded purchased, credit-impaired loans at fair value upon acquisition, and an accretable yield is established and recognized as interest income on purchased loans to the extent subsequent cash flows support the estimated accretable yield. Purchased, credit-impaired loans that perform consistently with the accretable yield expectations are not reported as non-accrual or nonperforming. However, purchased, credit-impaired loans that do not continue to perform according to accretable yield expectations are considered impaired, and presented as non-accrual and nonperforming. Currently, management expects to fully collect the carrying value of acquired, credit-impaired loans.

The table below presents an age analysis of the loans held for investment portfolio at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Age Analysis of Past Due Loans

We consider all nonperforming loans and troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) to be impaired. We do not recognize interest income on nonperforming loans during the time period that the loans are nonperforming. We only recognize interest income on nonperforming loans when we receive payment in full for all amounts due of all contractually required principle and interest, and the loan is current with its contractual terms. The tables below present our impaired loans at and for the periods ended September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.