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8-K - 8-K - ULTIMATE SOFTWARE GROUP INCq318form8-k.htm


Exhibit 99.1
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FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Ultimate Reports Q3 2018 Financial Results

Record Recurring Revenues of $254.6 million, Up by 25%
Record Total Revenues of $287.8 million, Up by 22%

Weston, FL, October 30, 2018 — Ultimate Software (Nasdaq: ULTI), a leading provider of human capital management (HCM) solutions in the cloud, announced today our financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2018. Ultimate reported recurring revenues of $254.6 million, a 25% increase, and total revenues of $287.8 million, a 22% increase, both compared with 2017's third quarter. GAAP net income for the third quarter of 2018 was $17.1 million, or $0.54 per diluted share, as compared with GAAP net income of $4.3 million, or $0.14 per diluted share, for the third quarter of 2017.
Non-GAAP net income for the third quarter of 2018 was $42.4 million, or $1.33 per diluted share, as compared with non-GAAP net income for 2017's third quarter of $32.0 million, or $1.04 per diluted share. For further discussion of our non-GAAP financial measures, see "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Information" below.
“Our third quarter financial performance keeps us on target to achieve all of our 2018 objectives, including surpassing $1 billion in total revenues, and starts the ball rolling toward our new 2021 objective of $2 billion in total revenues.  At the same time, we maintained our year-over-year customer retention rate of approximately 96%,” said Scott Scherr, founder, president, and CEO of Ultimate.

“Today Fortune magazine named Ultimate #1 on its 2018 100 Best Workplaces for Women list. Fortune determined rankings in conjunction with Great Place to Work, whose team analyzed hundreds of companies’ practices, policies, and data as well as 540,000 anonymous surveys completed by employees. We are equally proud that Nucleus Research named Ultimate a ‘Leader’ in its annual HCM Value Matrix, for the fourth consecutive year. Ultimate earned the top rating for product functionality and was one of the two highest-ranked vendors for usability,” added Scherr.

Ultimate’s financial results teleconference will be held today, October 30, 2018, at 5:00 p.m. Eastern time, at http://www.investorcalendar.com/event/22107. The call will be available for replay at the same address beginning at 9:00 p.m. Eastern time today. Windows Media Player software is required to listen to the call and can be downloaded from the site. Forward-looking information about future company performance will be discussed during the teleconference call.

Financial Highlights

For 2018's third quarter, recurring revenues from our cloud offering grew by 25.4% over the same period in 2017, and recurring revenues were 88% of total revenues, as compared with 86% of total revenues for the third quarter of 2017. As discussed in Business Combinations (below), PeopleDoc SAS ("PeopleDoc") was acquired at the end of July 2018. PeopleDoc contributed 2.5% of the year-over-year recurring revenues growth for the third quarter.
Ultimate’s total revenues for 2018's third quarter increased by 22% versus those for 2017's third quarter. PeopleDoc contributed 2.4% of the total year-over-year revenues growth for the third quarter.
Ultimate’s annualized retention rate, on a rolling 12-month basis, was approximately 96% for our recurring revenue cloud customer base as of September 30, 2018.
Cash flows from operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, were $172.1 million, compared with $139.3 million for the same period of 2017. Our operating cash flow margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, was 20.6% compared with 20.2% for the same period of 2017.
Free cash flows were $113.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared with $77.3 million for the same period of 2017. Our free cash flow margin was 13.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared with 11.2% for the same period of 2017. For comparability purposes, free cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, excludes the impact of $74.4 million of cash paid for the acquisition of PeopleDoc in July 2018.

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Business Combinations
In the third quarter of 2018, Ultimate acquired PeopleDoc, a cloud-based pioneer in global HR Service Delivery. PeopleDoc is based in Paris, France, with additional offices in Germany, the United Kingdom, Finland, the Netherlands, Canada, and the United States. PeopleDoc has more than 1,000 customers with users in 180 countries. Adding its global HR Service Delivery platform to our offerings will further our mission to enhance our customers’ employee experience with new, person-centric features, such as an online employee help center, HR case management, and employee file management.

Stock Repurchases
The combination of cash, cash equivalents, and corporate marketable securities was $141.0 million as of September 30, 2018, compared with $165.1 million as of December 31, 2017.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we used $55.7 million to acquire 241,470 shares of our common stock, $0.01 par value common stock ("Common Stock") to settle employees’ tax withholding obligations associated with their restricted stock that vested during the period. We have 1,342,005 shares available for repurchase under our Stock Repurchase Plan.
Financial Outlook
For the fourth quarter of 2018:
Recurring revenues of approximately $262 to $264 million,
Total revenues of approximately $300 million, and
Operating margin, on a non-GAAP basis (discussed below), to be approximately 21%.
For the year 2018:
Recurring revenues to increase by approximately 24% over 2017, including the impact of the PeopleDoc acquisition,
Total revenues to increase by approximately 21% over 2017, including the impact of the PeopleDoc acquisition, and
Operating margin, on a non-GAAP basis (discussed below), of approximately 21%, including the impact of the PeopleDoc acquisition.

For the year 2019, preliminary:
Recurring revenues to increase by more than 21% over 2018,
Total revenues to increase by approximately 20% over 2018, and
Operating margin, on a non-GAAP basis (discussed below), to be approximately 20%.
Operating margin expectations were determined on a non-GAAP basis using the methodologies identified under the caption “Use of Non-GAAP Financial Information” in this press release.
We have not reconciled our forward-looking operating margin on a non-GAAP basis to the corresponding GAAP financial measure, as permitted by Item 10(e)(1)(i)(B) of Regulation S-K. Such reconciliation would require unreasonable effort at this time to estimate and quantify with a reasonable degree of certainty various necessary GAAP components, including, for example, those related to stock-based compensation or others that may arise during the year. In particular, stock-based compensation is impacted by factors that are outside of the Company’s control and can be difficult to predict. The actual amount of stock-based compensation expense, for the year ending December 31, 2018, will have a significant impact on our operating margin on a GAAP basis.
Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements in this press release are, and certain statements on the teleconference call may be, forward-looking statements within the meaning provided under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are made only as of the date hereof. These statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that may cause Ultimate’s actual results to differ materially from those stated or implied by such forward-looking statements, including risks and uncertainties associated with fluctuations in Ultimate’s quarterly operating results, concentration of Ultimate’s product offerings, development risks involved with new products and technologies, competition, contract renewals with business

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partners, compliance by our customers with the terms of their contracts with us, and other factors disclosed in Ultimate’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Ultimate undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.
About Ultimate Software
Ultimate is a leading provider of cloud-based human capital management solutions, with more than 40 million people records in the Ultimate cloud. Our award-winning UltiPro delivers HR, payroll, talent, and time and labor management solutions that connect people with the information they need to work more effectively. Founded in 1990, Ultimate is headquartered in Weston, Florida, and employs approximately 5,000 professionals. In 2018, Ultimate ranked #3 on Fortune’s prestigious 100 Best Companies to Work For list, our seventh consecutive year in the top 25; #1 on its Best Workplaces in Technology list for the third year in a row; #1 on its 100 Best Workplaces for Millennials list, our second year at the top; and #1 on its 100 Best Workplaces for Women. Also in 2018, Customer Sales and Service World Awards identified Ultimate as having the #1 Customer Service Department of the Year, and PEOPLE magazine ranked Ultimate #3 on its 50 Companies That Care list. In 2017, Forbes ranked Ultimate #7 on its list of 100 Most Innovative Growth Companies. Ultimate’s Customer Services organization was recognized as the #1 Customer Service Department of the Year for companies with 2,500 employees or larger by Customer Sales and Service World Awards in 2018 and by the National Customer Service Association as Service Organization of the Year in the Large Business category in 2017. Ultimate has approximately 4,500 customers with employees in 160 countries, including Bloomin’ Brands, Culligan International, Feeding America, Red Roof Inn, SUBWAY, Texas Roadhouse, and Yamaha Corporation of America. More information on Ultimate’s products and services for people management can be found at www.ultimatesoftware.com.

UltiPro is a registered trademark of The Ultimate Software Group, Inc. All other trademarks referenced are the property of their respective owners.

Contact: Mitchell K. Dauerman
EVP, Investor Relations
Phone: 954-331-7369
Email: IR@ultimatesoftware.com

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THE ULTIMATE SOFTWARE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

 
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recurring
$
254,580

 
$
203,059

 
$
730,625

 
$
588,187

Services
33,247

 
33,054

 
105,119

 
101,109

Total revenues
287,827

 
236,113

 
835,744

 
689,296

Cost of revenues:
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
Recurring
71,243

 
52,558

 
200,731

 
155,166

Services
40,571

 
36,136

 
118,428

 
107,482

Total cost of revenues
111,814

 
88,694

 
319,159

 
262,648

Gross profit
176,013

 
147,419

 
516,585

 
426,648

Operating expenses:
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
Sales and marketing
72,077

 
65,066

 
209,481

 
201,441

Research and development
51,163

 
38,415

 
148,141

 
109,570

General and administrative
37,261

 
29,459

 
101,253

 
91,135

Total operating expenses
160,501

 
132,940

 
458,875

 
402,146

Operating income
15,512

 
14,479

 
57,710

 
24,502

Other income (expense):
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
Interest expense and other, net
(268
)
 
(239
)
 
(565
)
 
(684
)
Other income, net
1,353

 
57

 
2,532

 
364

Total other income (expense), net
1,085

 
(182
)
 
1,967

 
(320
)
Income before income taxes
16,597

 
14,297

 
59,677

 
24,182

Income tax benefit (provision)
488

 
(9,954
)
 
(7,918
)
 
(8,070
)
Net income
$
17,085

 
$
4,343

 
$
51,759

 
$
16,112

Net income per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
0.55

 
$
0.15

 
$
1.69

 
$
0.54

Diluted
$
0.54

 
$
0.14

 
$
1.65

 
$
0.52

Weighted average shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
31,077

 
29,848

 
30,703

 
29,713

Diluted
31,775

 
30,770

 
31,409

 
30,727


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Stock-based Compensation, Amortization of Acquired Intangibles, and Transaction Costs Related to Business Combinations

The following table sets forth the stock-based compensation expense resulting from stock-based arrangements (excluding the income tax effect, or “gross”), the amortization of acquired intangibles, and transaction costs related to business combinations that are recorded in Ultimate’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income for the periods indicated and are included within the Unaudited Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to GAAP Financial Measures in this press release (in thousands):

 
 
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Stock-based compensation expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of recurring revenues
 
$
4,172

 
$
3,072

 
$
11,598

 
$
8,869

Cost of services revenues
 
2,380

 
2,010

 
7,115

 
5,934

Sales and marketing
 
19,455

 
19,910

 
52,867

 
57,106

Research and development
 
4,392

 
3,093

 
11,942

 
9,004

General and administrative
 
6,303

 
9,929

 
20,534

 
30,245

Total non-cash stock-based compensation expense
 
$
36,702

 
$
38,014

 
$
104,056

 
$
111,158

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of acquired intangibles:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative
 
$
3,682

 
$
788

 
$
5,251

 
$
2,344

Total amortization of acquired intangibles
 
$
3,682

 
$
788

 
$
5,251

 
$
2,344

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Transaction costs related to business combinations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative
 
$
1,849

 
$

 
$
2,969

 
$

Total transaction costs related to business combinations
 
$
1,849

 
$

 
$
2,969

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Stock-based compensation expense associated with modifications and terminations made to the Company’s change-in-control plans in March 2015, February 2016 and February 2017, is shown in the table below (in thousands). As previously disclosed, these changes were made to better align management's incentives with long-term value creation for our shareholders. As part of the modifications in connection with the terminations of the change-in-control plans, time-based restricted stock awards (vesting over three years) were granted to certain senior officers in March 2015, February 2016 and February 2017.
 
 
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Stock-based compensation expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock-based compensation expense
 
$
26,289

 
$
20,984

 
$
70,135

 
63,229

Stock-based compensation expense related to CIC Modifications
 
10,413

 
17,030

 
33,921

 
47,929

Total non-cash stock-based compensation expense
 
$
36,702

 
$
38,014

 
$
104,056

 
$
111,158





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THE ULTIMATE SOFTWARE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)
 
As of September 30, 2018
 
As of December 31, 2017
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
132,723

 
$
155,685

Investments in marketable securities
8,232

 
9,434

Accounts receivable, net
210,867

 
190,989

Deferred contract costs, prepaid expenses and other current assets
83,588

 
71,602

Total current assets before funds held for customers
435,410

 
427,710

Funds held for customers
567,208

 
563,062

Total current assets
1,002,618

 
990,772

Property and equipment, net
290,192

 
243,664

Goodwill
217,916

 
35,808

Intangible assets, net
151,247

 
20,862

Deferred contract costs and other assets, net
121,782

 
53,409

Deferred tax assets, net
21,556

 
32,696

Total assets
$
1,805,311

 
$
1,377,211

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
12,107

 
$
16,099

Accrued expenses and other liabilities
150,095

 
60,394

Deferred revenue
223,382

 
197,088

Capital lease obligations
6,420

 
5,474

Total current liabilities before customer funds obligations
392,004

 
279,055

Customer funds obligations
568,545

 
564,031

Total current liabilities
960,549

 
843,086

Deferred revenue
1,213

 
1,773

Deferred rent
8,778

 
5,349

Capital lease obligations
5,954

 
4,477

Other long-term liabilities
625

 
4,250

Deferred income tax liability
25,230

 
251

Total liabilities
1,002,349

 
859,186

 
 
 
 
Stockholders’ equity:
 
 
 
Preferred Stock, $.01 par value

 

Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, $.01 par value

 

Common Stock, $.01 par value
359

 
348

Additional paid-in capital
829,564

 
609,160

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(9,208
)
 
(5,912
)
Accumulated earnings
193,606

 
125,788

 
1,014,321

 
729,384

Treasury stock, at cost
(211,359
)
 
(211,359
)
Total stockholders’ equity
802,962

 
518,025

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
1,805,311

 
$
1,377,211


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THE ULTIMATE SOFTWARE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2018
 
2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
Net income
$
51,759

 
$
16,112

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
34,575

 
25,068

Provision for doubtful accounts
6,344

 
4,525

Non-cash stock-based compensation expense
104,056

 
111,158

Income taxes
5,957

 
7,233

Net amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on available-for-sale securities
(484
)
 
286

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
(18,584
)
 
(26,163
)
Deferred contract costs, prepaid expenses and other current assets
(30,245
)
 
(10,436
)
Deferred contract costs and other assets
(20,104
)
 
(3,819
)
Accounts payable
(9,125
)
 
(670
)
Accrued expenses, other liabilities and deferred rent
31,040

 
1,635

Deferred revenue
16,986

 
14,398

Net cash provided by operating activities
172,175

 
139,327

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
Purchases of property and equipment
(59,189
)
 
(62,010
)
Purchases of marketable securities
(204,387
)
 
(152,041
)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities
130,903

 
103,130

Payments for acquisitions
(74,420
)
 

Net change in money market securities and other cash equivalents held to satisfy customer funds obligations
70,890

 
47,451

Net cash used in investing activities
(136,203
)
 
(63,470
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
Net proceeds from issuances of Common Stock
3,263

 
5,038

Shares acquired to settle employee tax withholding liabilities
(55,707
)
 
(37,258
)
Principal payments on capital lease obligations
(5,090
)
 
(4,713
)
Payments of other long-term liabilities
(3,626
)
 

Net change in customer funds obligations
4,515

 
12,198

Net cash used in financing activities
(56,645
)
 
(24,735
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
(2,289
)
 
817

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
(22,962
)
 
51,939

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
155,685

 
73,773

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
$
132,723

 
$
125,712

 
 
 
 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
 
 
 
Cash paid for interest
$
436

 
$
374

Cash paid for taxes
$
6,030

 
$
1,693

 
 
 
 
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
 
 
 
Capital lease obligations to acquire new equipment
$
7,512

 
$
5,033

Stock consideration recorded for business combination
$
166,666

 
$

Stock based compensation for capitalized software
$
2,643

 
$
3,021

Software agreement
$

 
$
6,500

Deferred cash consideration recorded for acquisitions
$
50,000

 
$


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THE ULTIMATE SOFTWARE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Unaudited Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to GAAP Financial Measures
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

 
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Non-GAAP operating income, as a % of total revenues reconciliation:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating income
$
15,512

 
$
14,479

 
$
57,710

 
$
24,502

Operating income, as a % of total revenues
5.4
%
 
6.1
%
 
6.9
%
 
3.6
%
Add back:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense
36,702

 
38,014

 
104,056

 
111,158

Non-cash amortization of acquired intangible assets
3,682

 
788

 
5,251

 
2,344

Transaction costs related to business combinations
1,849

 

 
2,969

 

Non-GAAP operating income
$
57,745

 
$
53,281

 
$
169,986

 
$
138,004

Non-GAAP operating income, as a % of total revenues
20.1
%
 
22.6
%
 
20.3
%
 
20.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-GAAP net income reconciliation:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$
17,085

 
$
4,343

 
$
51,759

 
$
16,112

Add back:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense
36,702

 
38,014

 
104,056

 
111,158

Non-cash amortization of acquired intangible assets
3,682

 
788

 
5,251

 
2,344

Transaction costs related to business combinations
1,849

 

 
2,969

 

Income tax effect of above items
(16,959
)
 
(11,109
)
 
(40,227
)
 
(46,549
)
Non-GAAP net income
$
42,359

 
$
32,036

 
$
123,808

 
$
83,065

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-GAAP net income, per diluted share, reconciliation: (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income, per diluted share
$
0.54

 
$
0.14

 
$
1.65

 
$
0.52

Add back:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense
1.15

 
1.24

 
3.31

 
3.62

Non-cash amortization of acquired intangible assets
0.11

 
0.02

 
0.17

 
0.07

Transaction costs related to business combinations
0.06

 

 
0.09

 

Income tax effect of above items
(0.53
)
 
(0.36
)
 
(1.28
)
 
(1.51
)
Non-GAAP net income, per diluted share
$
1.33

 
$
1.04

 
$
3.94

 
$
2.70

Shares used in calculation of GAAP and non-GAAP net income per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
31,077

 
29,848

 
30,703

 
29,713

Diluted
31,775

 
30,770

 
31,409

 
30,727

_________________________
(1)
The non-GAAP net income per diluted share reconciliation is calculated on a diluted weighted average share basis for GAAP net income periods.

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Use of Non-GAAP Financial Information
This press release contains non-GAAP financial measures. We believe that non-GAAP measures of financial results provide useful information to management and investors regarding certain financial and business trends relating to our financial condition and results of operations. Management uses these non-GAAP results to compare our performance to that of prior periods for trend analyses, for purposes of determining executive incentive compensation, and for budget and planning purposes. These measures are used in monthly financial reports prepared for management and in quarterly financial reports presented to our Board of Directors. These measures may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies.
These non-GAAP measures should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to such measures determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP). The principal limitation of these non-GAAP financial measures is that they exclude significant expenses that are required by GAAP to be recorded. In addition, they are subject to inherent limitations as they reflect the exercise of judgment by management about which expenses are excluded from the non-GAAP financial measures.
To compensate for these limitations, we present our non-GAAP financial measures in connection with our GAAP results. We strongly urge investors and potential investors in our securities to review the reconciliation of our non-GAAP financial measures to the comparable GAAP financial measures that are included in this press release (under the caption “Unaudited Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to GAAP Financial Measures”) and not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.
We present the following non-GAAP financial measures in this press release: non-GAAP operating income, as a percentage of total revenues (or non-GAAP operating margin), non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income, per diluted share. We exclude the following items from these non-GAAP financial measures as appropriate:
Stock-based compensation expense. Our non-GAAP financial measures exclude stock-based compensation expense, which consists of expenses for stock-based arrangements recorded in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation.” For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, stock-based compensation expense was $36.7 million and $104.1 million, respectively, on a pre-tax basis. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, stock-based compensation expense was $38.0 million and $111.2 million, respectively, on a pre-tax basis. Stock-based compensation expense is excluded from the non-GAAP financial measures because it is a non-cash expense that we do not consider part of ongoing operations when assessing our financial performance. We believe that such exclusion facilitates the comparison of results of ongoing operations for current and future periods with such results from past periods. For GAAP net income periods, non-GAAP reconciliations are calculated on a diluted weighted average share basis.
Amortization of acquired intangible assets. In accordance with GAAP, operating expenses include amortization of acquired intangible assets over the estimated useful lives of such assets. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the amortization of acquired intangible assets was $3.7 million and $5.3 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the amortization of acquired intangible assets was $0.8 million and $2.3 million, respectively. Amortization of acquired intangible assets is excluded from our non-GAAP financial measures because it is a non-cash expense that we do not consider part of ongoing operations when assessing our financial performance. We believe that such exclusion facilitates comparisons to our historical operating results and to the results of other companies in the same industry, which have their own unique acquisition histories.
Transaction costs related to business combinations. In accordance with GAAP, operating expenses include transaction costs for third-party professional services received in connection with business combinations. As we do not acquire or dispose of businesses on a predictable basis, the terms of each business combination are unique and can vary significantly from other business combinations. Significant expenses can be incurred in connection with a business combination that we would not have otherwise incurred in the periods presented as part of our continuing operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the transaction costs incurred related to business combinations was $1.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively. There were no transaction costs incurred related to business combinations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. Transaction costs related to business combinations are excluded from Ultimate's non-GAAP financial measures because it is an expense that Ultimate does not consider part of ongoing operations when assessing our financial performance. Ultimate believes that such exclusion facilitates comparisons to our historical operating results and to the results of other companies in the same industry, which have their own unique business combination histories.


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