Echo Global Logistics, Inc. - FORM 10-Q - April 27, 2017

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EX-32.2 - EXHIBIT 32.2 - Echo Global Logistics, Inc.echo-20170331x10qxex3221.htm
EX-32.1 - EXHIBIT 32.1 - Echo Global Logistics, Inc.echo-20170331x10qxex3211.htm
EX-31.2 - EXHIBIT 31.2 - Echo Global Logistics, Inc.echo-20170331x10qxex3121.htm
EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - Echo Global Logistics, Inc.echo-20170331x10qxex3111.htm
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
____________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
____________________________________________

x
Quarterly Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
 
 
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017
 
 
o
Transition Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
 
 
For the transition period from _________ to _________
 
 
 
Commission File Number 001-34470
____________________________________________
 
ECHO GLOBAL LOGISTICS, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
____________________________________________
Delaware
 
20-5001120
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
 
 
600 West Chicago Avenue
Suite 725
Chicago, Illinois 60654
Phone: (800) 354-7993
(Address (including zip code) and telephone number (including area code)
of registrant's principal executive offices)
____________________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes: x    No: o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes: x    No: o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer x
 
Accelerated filer o
 
Non-accelerated filer o
 
Smaller reporting company o
Emerging growth company o
 
 
 
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
 
        
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes: o     No: x

As of April 26, 2017, the registrant had 29,146,137 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding.


 
 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION


Item 1.    Consolidated Financial Statements


Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Revenue
$
415,752,274

 
$
405,277,532

Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
Transportation costs
341,254,013

 
324,450,717

Selling, general and administrative expenses
67,237,322

 
69,476,488

Depreciation and amortization
8,038,259

 
7,529,333

(Loss) Income from operations
(777,320
)
 
3,820,994

Interest expense
(3,624,136
)
 
(3,503,395
)
(Loss) Income before provision for income taxes
(4,401,456
)
 
317,599

Income tax benefit (expense)
1,529,413

 
(54,988
)
Net (loss) income
$
(2,872,043
)
 
$
262,611

 
 
 
 
(Loss) Earnings per common share:
 
 
 
Basic
$
(0.10
)
 
$
0.01

Diluted
$
(0.10
)
 
$
0.01

See accompanying notes.


3

Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
March 31,
2017
 
December 31,
2016
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
Assets
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
24,255,299

 
$
16,646,089

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $4,369,312 and $3,018,995 at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
232,675,128

 
231,430,645

Income taxes receivable
10,466,870

 
7,757,841

Prepaid expenses
6,929,841

 
7,856,366

Other current assets
4,534,689

 
4,609,933

Total current assets
278,861,827

 
268,300,874

Noncurrent assets:
 
 
 
Property and equipment, net
57,814,221

 
57,450,059

Goodwill
307,314,171

 
307,314,171

Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $46,165,412 and $42,590,238 at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
128,152,567

 
131,727,741

Other noncurrent assets
2,139,502

 
1,975,071

Total noncurrent assets
495,420,461

 
498,467,042

Total assets
$
774,282,288

 
$
766,767,916

 
 
 
 
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
147,062,830

 
$
135,386,424

Due to seller, current
1,041,200

 
743,600

Accrued expenses
26,888,776

 
31,810,671

Total current liabilities
174,992,806

 
167,940,695

Noncurrent liabilities:
 
 
 
Convertible notes, net
205,359,414

 
203,564,011

Due to seller, noncurrent
388,800

 
956,400

Other noncurrent liabilities
19,971,982

 
19,487,942

Deferred income taxes
17,717,718

 
16,669,138

Total noncurrent liabilities
243,437,914

 
240,677,491

Total liabilities
418,430,720

 
408,618,186

Stockholders' equity:
 
 
 

Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 30,569,404 shares issued and 28,242,515 shares outstanding at March 31, 2017; 30,421,273 shares issued and 28,131,479 shares outstanding at December 31, 2016
3,060

 
3,045

Treasury stock, 2,326,889 and 2,289,794 shares at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
(49,999,996
)
 
(49,148,912
)
Additional paid-in capital
330,101,699

 
328,676,749

Retained earnings
75,746,805

 
78,618,848

Total stockholders' equity
355,851,568

 
358,149,730

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
$
774,282,288

 
$
766,767,916

See accompanying notes.

4

Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Operating activities
 
 
 
Net (loss) income
$
(2,872,043
)
 
$
262,611

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Deferred income taxes
1,048,580

 
(69,371
)
Noncash stock compensation expense
2,655,329

 
5,316,837

Noncash interest expense
1,972,950

 
1,862,661

Change in contingent consideration due to seller
105,000

 
(152,382
)
Change in contingent consideration due from seller
(13,528
)
 
—

Gain on disposal of assets
(833
)
 
—

Depreciation and amortization
8,038,259

 
7,529,333

Change in assets, net of acquisitions:
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
(1,244,483
)
 
(12,570,057
)
Income taxes receivable
(2,679,909
)
 
(497,228
)
Prepaid expenses and other assets
673,319

 
413,201

Change in liabilities, net of acquisitions:
 
 
 
Accounts payable
10,894,492

 
12,417,253

Accrued expenses and other liabilities
(4,466,975
)
 
(162,880
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
14,110,158

 
14,349,978

Investing activities
 
 
 
Purchases of property and equipment
(4,044,500
)
 
(4,311,663
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(4,044,500
)
 
(4,311,663
)
Financing activities
 
 
 
Tax benefit of stock options exercised
—

 
283,698

Payments of contingent consideration due to seller
(375,000
)
 
(2,086,243
)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
11,790

 
34,188

Employee tax withholdings related to net share settlements of equity-based awards
(1,242,154
)
 
(1,882,672
)
Purchases of treasury stock
(851,084
)
 
(19,390,803
)
Proceeds from borrowing on ABL facility
7,000,000

 
6,000,000

Repayments of amounts borrowed on ABL facility
(7,000,000
)
 
(6,000,000
)
Net cash used in financing activities
(2,456,448
)
 
(23,041,832
)
Increase (Decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
7,609,210

 
(13,003,517
)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
16,646,089

 
56,522,194

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
$
24,255,299

 
$
43,518,677

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
 
 
 
Cash paid during the period for interest
$
215,844

 
$
—

Cash paid during the period for income taxes
101,916

 
436,900

Noncash investing activity
 
 
 
Liability for purchases of property and equipment
$
781,914

 
$
—


See accompanying notes.


5

Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
(Unaudited)

 
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-In
Capital
 
Treasury Stock
 
 
 
 
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Total
Balance at December 31, 2016
30,421,273

 
$
3,045

 
$
328,676,749

 
(2,289,794
)
 
$
(49,148,912
)
 
$
78,618,848

 
$
358,149,730

Share compensation expense
—

 
—

 
2,655,329

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
2,655,329

Exercise of stock options
1,500

 
—

 
11,790

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
11,790

Common stock issued for vested restricted stock
175,240

 
18

 
(18
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Common stock issued for vested performance shares
28,804

 
3

 
(3
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Common shares withheld and retired to satisfy employee tax withholding obligations upon vesting of share-based awards
(57,413
)
 
(6
)
 
(1,242,148
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1,242,154
)
Purchases of treasury stock
—

 
—

 
—

 
(37,095
)
 
(851,084
)
 
—

 
(851,084
)
Net loss
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(2,872,043
)
 
(2,872,043
)
Balance at March 31, 2017
30,569,404

 
$
3,060

 
$
330,101,699

 
(2,326,889
)
 
$
(49,999,996
)
 
$
75,746,805

 
$
355,851,568


See accompanying notes.

6

Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the "Company" or "Echo"). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidation. The consolidated statements of operations include the results of entities or assets acquired from the effective date of the acquisition for accounting purposes.

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements is in conformity with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules or regulations. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited financial statements reflect all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the period and those adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year 2017. These interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Preparation of Financial Statements and Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results can differ from those estimates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying values of the Company's financial instruments, which consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature. The fair value of the due to seller liabilities are determined based on the likelihood of the Company making contingent earn-out payments (see Note 3). The fair value of the due from seller asset related to the Command Transportation, LLC ("Command") acquisition is determined based on the likelihood of the employee retention criteria being met (see Note 3). The fair value of the liability component of the Notes (as defined in Note 10) was determined using the discounted cash flow analysis discussed in Note 10.


2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Updated ("ASU") 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. The new standard provides for changes to accounting for stock compensation including 1) excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies related to share-based payment awards will be recognized as an income tax benefit or expense in the reporting period in which they occur; 2) excess tax benefits will be classified as an operating activity in the statement of cash flows; 3) the option to elect to estimate forfeitures or account for them when they occur; and 4) an increase in the tax withholding requirements threshold to qualify for equity classification. The Company adopted ASU 2016-09 on January 1, 2017 prospectively (prior periods have not been restated). For the quarter ended March 31, 2017, a net excess tax deficiency was recognized as income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations and any excess tax benefits were classified as an operating activity in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company will continue to estimate forfeitures.

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Updated ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, to clarify the principles used to recognize revenue for all entities. The guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. This new standard requires an entity to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services. Two methods of adoption are permitted - a full retrospective method that applies the new standard to each

7
Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016

prior reporting period presented, or a modified retrospective approach that recognizes the cumulative effect of applying the new standard at the date of initial application.
The Company plans to adopt this standard on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. As a result of using this approach, the Company will recognize the cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings for initial application of the guidance at the date of initial adoption. The Company is evaluating whether this standard will have an impact on the gross versus net revenue recognition policies for its Transactional and Managed Transportation revenue. This new standard will also require the Company to evaluate whether it transfers control of its brokerage and transportation management services as of a point in time or over time. This evaluation may have an impact on the timing in which the Company recognizes revenue under the new standard. In addition, the new standard will require enhanced disclosures. The Company is continuing its assessment of these matters and other aspects of the new standard.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations: Clarifying the Definition of a Business, to clarify the definition of a business to assist entities when evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The new accounting standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. The new standard should be applied prospectively when adopted. The Company is evaluating the effects that the adoption of this guidance will have on the Company's financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. This new accounting standard will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the effects that the adoption of this guidance will have on the Company's financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows, to clarify the classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows, including debt prepayment or extinguishment costs and settlement of contingent consideration arising from an acquisition. An update to this standard was issued in November 2016 (ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows). This update requires companies to explain a change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. This new accounting standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Full retrospective adoption is required. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the effects that the adoption of this guidance will have on its cash flow presentation within the Company's financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This guidance requires a lessee to record on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. This new accounting standard will be effective beginning January 1, 2019. The Company is evaluating the effects that the adoption of this guidance will have on the Company’s financial statements.

3. Fair Value Measurement

The Company applies Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ("ASC Topic 820"), for its financial assets and financial liabilities. The guidance requires disclosures about assets and liabilities measured at fair value. The Company's financial liabilities primarily relate to contingent earn-out payments due to sellers in connection with various acquisitions. The fair value of the due to seller liabilities at March 31, 2017 was $1.4 million. The potential earn-out payments and performance periods are defined in the individual purchase agreements for each acquisition. Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") is the performance target defined and measured to determine the earn-out payment due, if any, after each defined measurement period.

The Company's financial assets relate to contingent payments that may be due from the seller of Command if certain employee retention criteria are met. The fair value of the due from seller contingent asset at March 31, 2017 was $0.4 million. The fair value of the due from seller contingent asset is determined based on the likelihood of the employee retention criteria being met.

ASC Topic 820 includes a fair value hierarchy that is intended to increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements and related disclosures. The fair value hierarchy is based on observable or unobservable inputs to valuation techniques that are used to measure fair value. Observable inputs reflect assumptions market participants would use in pricing

8
Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016

an asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources while unobservable inputs reflect a reporting entity's pricing based upon its own market assumptions. The fair value hierarchy consists of the following three levels:

•
Level 1: Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
•
Level 2: Inputs are quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in an active market, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable and market-corroborated inputs, which are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.
•
Level 3: Inputs that are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or value drivers are unobservable.

The significant inputs used to derive the fair value of the amounts due to seller include financial forecasts of future operating results, the probability of reaching the forecast and an appropriate discount rate for each contingent liability. Probabilities are estimated by reviewing financial forecasts and assessing the likelihood of reaching the required performance measures based on factors specific to each acquisition as well as the Company’s historical experience with similar arrangements. If an acquisition reaches the required performance measure, the estimated probability would be increased to 100% and would still be classified as a contingent liability on the balance sheet. If the measure is not reached, the probability would be reduced to reflect the amount earned, if any, depending on the terms of the agreement. Discount rates used in determining the fair value of the contingent consideration due to seller ranged from 5% to 6%. Historical results of the respective acquisitions serve as the basis for the financial forecasts used in the valuation.

Quantitative factors are also considered in these forecasts, including acquisition synergies, growth and sales potential, and potential operational efficiencies gained. Changes to the significant inputs used in determining the fair value of the contingent consideration due to seller could result in a change in the fair value of the contingent consideration. However, the correlation and inverse relationship between higher projected financial results to the discount rate applied and probability of meeting the financial targets mitigates the effect of any changes to the unobservable inputs.

The following tables set forth the Company's financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the basis of measurement at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:
 
Fair Value Measurements as of March 31, 2017
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration due to seller
$
(1,430,000
)
 
—

 
—

 
$
(1,430,000
)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration due from seller
$
434,800

 
—

 
—

 
$
434,800


 
Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2016
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration due to seller
$
(1,700,000
)
 
—

 
—

 
$
(1,700,000
)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration due from seller
$
421,272

 
—

 
—

 
$
421,272



9
Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the liabilities measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):
 
Due to Seller Liability
Balance at December 31, 2016
$
(1,700,000
)
Change in contingent consideration due to seller
(105,000
)
Payment of contingent consideration due to seller
375,000

Balance at March 31, 2017
$
(1,430,000
)

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the assets measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):
 
Due from Seller Asset
Balance at December 31, 2016
$
421,272

Change in contingent consideration due from seller
13,528

Balance at March 31, 2017
$
434,800


For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company recognized an expense of $91,472 and a benefit of $152,382, respectively, in selling, general and administrative expense due to the change in fair value determined by a level three valuation technique. These changes in fair value resulted from using revised forecasts that took into account the most recent performance at each acquired business, the effect of the time value of money and the likelihood of the employee retention criteria being met.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company made contingent earn-out payments of $375,000 and $2,086,243, respectively, to the sellers of businesses acquired by the Company. The Company did not receive any contingent payments from the seller of Command during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

4. Intangibles and Goodwill

The balance of goodwill was $307.3 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, as no changes occurred during the period.

The following is a summary of amortizable intangible assets as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
Weighted-Average Life
Customer relationships
$
145,138,979

 
$
145,138,979

 
14.8 years
Carrier relationships
18,300,000

 
18,300,000

 
17.0 years
Non-compete agreements
5,239,000

 
5,239,000

 
6.7 years
Trade names
5,640,000

 
5,640,000

 
4.0 years
 
174,317,979

 
174,317,979

 
14.4 years
Less accumulated amortization
(46,165,412
)
 
(42,590,238
)
 
 
Intangible assets, net
$
128,152,567

 
$
131,727,741

 
 

The customer relationships are being amortized using an accelerated method, as an accelerated method best approximates the distribution of cash flows generated by the acquired customer relationships. The carrier relationships, trade names and non-compete agreements are being amortized using the straight-line method. Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $3,575,174 and $3,998,349 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.


10
Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016

The estimated amortization expense for the next five years and thereafter is as follows:
Remainder of 2017
$
10,668,625

2018
12,861,305

2019
11,470,909

2020
10,638,587

2021
10,025,278

Thereafter
72,487,863

Total
$
128,152,567


5. Accrued Expenses and Other Noncurrent Liabilities

The components of accrued expenses at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were as follows:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Accrued compensation
$
12,767,824

 
$
15,947,570

Accrued rebates
1,406,733

 
1,566,825

Accrued employee benefits
2,554,000

 
2,796,050

Accrued professional service fees
583,617

 
619,502

Accrued interest
2,594,196

 
1,158,854

Deferred rent
2,836,154

 
2,847,842

Other
4,146,252

 
6,874,028

Total accrued expenses
$
26,888,776

 
$
31,810,671


The other noncurrent liabilities of $19,971,982 and $19,487,942 at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, consist of the portion of deferred rent in excess of twelve months.

6. Income Taxes     

The following table shows the Company's effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
(Loss) Income before provision for income taxes
$
(4,401,456
)
 
$
317,599

Income tax benefit (expense)
$
1,529,413

 
$
(54,988
)
Effective tax rate
(34.7
)%
 
17.3
%

The difference in the Company's effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2017 from the Company's statutory federal tax rate of 35% was primarily due to the net tax deficiencies related to share-based payment awards recognized as income tax expense in accordance with ASU 2016-09, discussed further in Note 2, and the completion of a state tax audit. The difference in the Company's effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2016 from the Company's statutory federal tax rate of 35% was primarily due to the impact of certain tax credits on the lower income before taxes in the quarter.


11
Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016

7. (Loss) Earnings Per Share

Basic (loss) earnings per common share is calculated by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted (loss) earnings per common share is calculated by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted average shares outstanding plus share equivalents that would arise from the exercise of share options and the vesting of restricted stock and performance shares. The computation of basic and diluted (loss) earnings per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 is as follows:

 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Numerator:
 
 
 
Net (loss) income
$
(2,872,043
)
 
$
262,611

Denominator:
 
 
 
Denominator for basic (loss) earnings per common share - weighted-average shares
28,155,297

 
29,072,061

Effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
Employee stock awards
—

 
746,259

Denominator for dilutive (loss) earnings per common share
28,155,297

 
29,818,320

Basic (loss) earnings per common share
$
(0.10
)
 
$
0.01

Diluted (loss) earnings per common share
$
(0.10
)
 
$
0.01


For the three months ended March 31, 2017, 423,796 incremental shares related to stock-based awards were not included in the computation of diluted loss per common share because of the net loss during the period. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, there were no employee stock options and no unvested restricted stock and performance shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per common share.

As of March 31, 2017, none of the conditions allowing holders of the Notes to convert have been met and no conversion spread exists. As such, the Notes did not have a dilutive impact on diluted loss per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2017.


12
Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016

8. Stock-Based Compensation Plans

The Company recorded $2,655,329 in total stock-based compensation expense with corresponding income tax benefits of $998,404 for the three months ended March 31, 2017. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, the Company recorded $5,316,837 in total stock-based compensation expense with corresponding income tax benefits of $1,948,089.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company did not grant any stock options.

The Company granted 267,788 and 222,408 shares of restricted stock to various employees during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

In 2014, the Company initiated a performance and market-based stock incentive plan for certain executives that provides vesting based on specific financial and market-based performance measurements. The Company granted 99,933 and 91,612 shares of performance and market-based stock during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

9. Contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to potential claims and disputes related to its business, including claims for freight lost or damaged in transit. Some of these matters may be covered by the Company's insurance and risk management programs or may result in claims or adjustments with the Company's carriers.

In July 2016, the Company received an unfavorable appeals assessment regarding a state activity-based tax matter of $1,291,941, including penalties and interest, for the state tax audit period from January 1, 2010 to June 30, 2014. The Company believes the assessment is without merit and is currently defending the Company's position through a formal appeals process. The Company has not recorded any potential loss related to this matter as of March 31, 2017.

10. Long-Term Debt

ABL Facility

On June 1, 2015, the Company and Command, as co-borrowers, entered into a Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank. The Credit Agreement provides for a senior secured revolving credit facility in an initial aggregate principal amount of up to $200 million (the “ABL Facility”). The Company's obligations under the ABL facility are secured, on a first lien priority basis, by certain working capital assets. The initial aggregate principal amount under the ABL Facility may be increased from time to time by an additional $100 million to a maximum aggregate principal amount of $300 million.

Interest is payable at a rate per annum equal to, at the option of the Company, any of the following, plus, in each case, an applicable margin: (a) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (1) the federal funds effective rate, plus 0.50%, (2) the base commercial lending rate of PNC Bank, National Association and (3) a daily LIBOR rate, plus 1.00%; or (b) a LIBOR rate determined by reference to the costs of funds for deposits in the relevant currency for the interest period relevant to such borrowing adjusted for certain additional costs. The applicable margin is 0.25% to 0.75% for borrowings at the base rate and 1.25% to 1.75% for borrowings at the LIBOR rate, in each case, based on the excess availability under the ABL Facility.

The Company is required to pay a commitment fee in respect to the unutilized commitments under the revolving credit facility. At March 31, 2017, the Company's commitment fee was calculated at a rate of 0.375%. The Company recognized interest expense related to the commitment fee and borrowings on the ABL Facility of $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

The Company drew $7.0 million and $6.0 million on the ABL Facility during the first quarter of 2017 and 2016, respectively, all of which was repaid as of March 31, 2017 and 2016. No amounts were outstanding on the ABL Facility as of March 31, 2017. The Company is in compliance with all covenants related to the ABL.

The issuance of letters of credit under the ABL Facility reduces available borrowings. At March 31, 2017, there were $0.7 million of letters of credit outstanding. The total draw allowed on the ABL Facility at March 31, 2017, as determined by the

13
Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016

working capital assets pledged as collateral, was $185.7 million. After adjusting for the letters of credit, the Company's remaining availability under the ABL Facility at March 31, 2017 was $185.0 million.

The Company incurred issuance costs of $3.1 million in 2015 related to the ABL Facility. These issuance costs are being amortized to interest expense using straight-line amortization over the 5 year life of the ABL Facility. For each of the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company recorded $0.2 million of interest expense related to ABL Facility issuance costs. As there is no outstanding draw on the ABL Facility at March 31, 2017, the unamortized issuance costs are presented as a deferred asset on the consolidated balance sheets.

Convertible Senior Notes

On May 5, 2015, the Company issued $230 million aggregate principal amount of 2.50% convertible senior notes due 2020 (the “Notes”). The Company used all of the net proceeds from the note offering (together with the proceeds from the sale of common stock and borrowings under the ABL Facility) to finance the acquisition of Command in June 2015.

The Notes bear interest at a rate of 2.50% per year payable semiannually in arrears in cash on May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning on November 1, 2015. The Notes will mature on May 1, 2020, unless earlier converted or repurchased in accordance with the terms discussed below. The Notes are the Company's senior unsecured obligations and rank senior in right of payment to any of the Company's indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Notes; equal in right of payment to any of the Company's unsecured indebtedness that is not so subordinated; effectively junior in right of payment to any of the Company's secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and structurally junior to all indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) of the Company's subsidiaries.

The Notes will be convertible, under certain circumstances and during certain periods, into cash, shares of the Company's common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of common stock at the Company's election, at an initial conversion rate of 25.5428 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $39.15 per share of common stock.

The Company's intent and policy will be to settle the $230 million principal amount of Notes in cash, and any excess conversion premium in shares of common stock. As such, the principal amount of the Notes will not be included in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per common share, but any conversion premium that exists will be included in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per common share using the treasury stock method. As of March 31, 2017, none of the conditions allowing holders of the Notes to convert have been met and no conversion spread exists. As such, the Notes did not have a dilutive impact on diluted loss per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

At issuance, the Company estimated the straight debt borrowing rates at issuance to be 5.75% for similar debt to the Notes without the conversion feature, which resulted in a fair value of the liability component of $198.5 million and a fair value of the equity component of $31.5 million. The fair value of the equity component was recorded as a debt discount, with the offset recorded as a credit to additional paid-in capital within stockholders' equity. The $31.5 million debt discount and Note issuance costs discussed below are being amortized to interest expense under the effective interest method over the 5 year life of the Notes, using an effective interest rate of 6.33%.

The Company allocated the total issuance costs related to the Notes to the liability and equity components based on their relative fair values. Issuance costs attributable to the liability component were recorded on the consolidated balance sheets as a contra-liability that reduces the carrying amount of the convertible note liability. This amount is being amortized to interest expense over the term of the Notes using the effective interest method and an effective interest rate of 6.33%. Issuance costs attributable to the equity component were recorded as a charge to additional paid-in capital within stockholders' equity.


14
Echo Global Logistics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016

As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the carrying amounts of the Notes on the consolidated balance sheets were calculated as follows:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Convertible senior notes, principal amount
$
230,000,000

 
$
230,000,000

Unamortized debt discount
(20,571,894
)
 
(22,070,838
)
Unamortized debt issuance costs
(4,068,692
)
 
(4,365,151
)
Convertible senior notes, net
$
205,359,414

 
$
203,564,011


The Notes are carried on the consolidated balance sheets at their principal amount, net of the unamortized debt discount and unamortized debt issuance costs, and are not marked to market each period. The approximate fair value of the Notes as of March 31, 2017 was $218.7 million. The fair value of the Notes was estimated based on the trading price of the Notes at March 31, 2017. As trading volume is low, these are quoted prices for identical instruments in markets that are not active, and thus are Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

The Company recognized interest expense related to the Notes of $3.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, consisting of $1.4 million of contractual coupon interest, $1.5 million of debt discount amortization and $0.3 million of debt issuance cost amortization.

The Company recognized interest expense related to the Notes of $3.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, consisting of $1.4 million of contractual coupon interest, $1.4 million of debt discount amortization and $0.3 million of debt issuance cost amortization.

The undiscounted interest and principal payments due in relation to the Notes from March 31, 2017 to the maturity of the Notes on May 1, 2020 are as follows:

 
Total
2017
2018
2019
2020
Senior convertible notes, including interest
$
250,125,000

5,750,000

5,750,000

5,750,000

$
232,875,000



15

Item 2.    Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Certain statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). These statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Factors which could materially affect such forward-looking statements can be found in the section entitled "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. Investors are urged to consider these factors carefully in evaluating any forward-looking statements and are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements made herein are only made as of the date hereof and we undertake no obligation to publicly update such forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.

Overview

We are a leading provider of technology-enabled transportation and supply chain management solutions. We utilize a proprietary technology platform to compile and analyze data from our multi-modal network of transportation providers to satisfy the transportation and logistics needs of our clients. This model enables us to quickly adapt to and offer efficient and cost-effective solutions for our clients' shipping needs. We focus primarily on arranging transportation by truckload ("TL") and less-than-truckload ("LTL") carriers. We also offer intermodal (which involves moving a shipment by rail and truck), small parcel, domestic air, expedited and international transportation services. Our core logistics services include rate negotiation, shipment execution and tracking, carrier selection and management, routing compliance, freight bill payment and audit, payment and performance management and reporting functions, including executive dashboard tools.

We procure transportation and provide logistics services for clients across a wide range of industries, such as manufacturing, construction, food and beverage, consumer products and retail. Our clients fall into two categories: Transactional and Managed Transportation. We provide transportation and logistics services to our Transactional clients on a shipment-by-shipment basis, typically with individual, or spot market, pricing. We typically enter into multi-year contracts with our Managed Transportation clients, which are often on an exclusive basis for a specific transportation mode or point of origin. As part of our value proposition, we also provide core logistics services to these clients.


16

Results of Operations

The following table represents certain results of operations data:
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2017

2016

(Unaudited)

 (in thousands, except per share data)
Consolidated statements of operations data:



Revenue
$
415,752


$
405,278

Transportation costs
341,254


324,451

Net revenue (1)
74,498


80,827

Operating expenses:
 
 
 
Commissions
22,371

 
24,838

Selling, general and administrative expenses
44,775

 
44,791

Contingent consideration expense (benefit)
91

 
(152
)
Depreciation and amortization
8,038

 
7,529

Total operating expenses
75,275

 
77,006

(Loss) Income from operations
(777
)
 
3,821

Interest expense
(3,624
)
 
(3,503
)
(Loss) Income before provision for income taxes
(4,401
)
 
318

Income tax benefit (expense)
1,529

 
(55
)
Net (loss) income
$
(2,872
)
 
$
263

(Loss) Earnings per common share:
 
 
 
      Basic
$
(0.10
)
 
$
0.01

      Diluted
$
(0.10
)
 
$
0.01

Shares used in per share calculations (in thousands):
 
 
 
      Basic
28,155

 
29,072

      Diluted
28,155

 
29,818


(1) Net revenue is a non-GAAP measure calculated as revenue less transportation costs. Net revenue is one of the primary operational and financial measures used by management to evaluate the business. The following table presents a reconciliation of net revenue to revenue, the most comparable GAAP measure:


 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(Unaudited)
 
 (in thousands)
Revenue
$
415,752

 
$
405,278

Transportation costs
341,254

 
324,451

Net revenue
$
74,498

 
$
80,827



17


Revenue

We generate revenue through the sale of transportation and logistics services to our clients. Revenue is recognized when the client's product is delivered by a third-party carrier. Our revenue was $415.8 million and $405.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, representing a period-over-period increase of 2.6%.

Our revenue is generated from two different types of clients: Transactional and Managed Transportation. Most of our clients are categorized as Transactional clients. We provide services to our Transactional clients on a shipment-by-shipment basis. We categorize a client as a Managed Transportation client if we have a contract with the client for the provision of services on a recurring basis. Our contracts with Managed Transportation clients typically have a multi-year term and are often on an exclusive basis for a specific transportation mode or point of origin. In several cases, we provide substantially all of a client's transportation and logistics requirements. Our Managed Transportation accounts typically generate higher dollar amounts and volume than our Transactional relationships. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, Transactional clients accounted for 80.1% and 81.9% of our revenue, respectively, and Managed Transportation clients accounted for 19.9% and 18.1% of our revenue, respectively. We expect to continue to grow both our Transactional and Managed Transportation client base in the future, although the rate of growth for each type of client will vary depending on opportunities in the marketplace.

Revenue recognized per shipment will vary depending on the transportation mode, fuel prices, shipment weight, density and mileage of the product shipped. The primary modes of shipment that we transact in are TL, LTL and intermodal. Other transportation modes include small parcel, domestic air, expedited and international. Material shifts in the percentage of our revenue by transportation mode could have a significant impact on our revenue growth. For the three months ended March 31, 2017, TL accounted for 67.4% of our revenue, LTL accounted for 27.4% of our revenue, intermodal accounted for 3.7% of our revenue and other transportation modes accounted for 1.5% of our revenue. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, TL accounted for 67.8% of our revenue, LTL accounted for 26.1% of our revenue, intermodal accounted for 4.4% of our revenue and other transportation modes accounted for 1.7% of our revenue.

The transportation industry has historically been subject to seasonal sales fluctuations as shipments generally are lower during and after the winter holiday season because many companies ship goods and stock inventories prior to the winter holiday season. While we experience some seasonality, differences in our revenue between periods have been driven primarily by growth in our client base.

Transportation costs and net revenue

We act primarily as a service provider to add value and expertise in the procurement and execution of transportation and logistics services for our clients. Our pricing structure is primarily variable, although we have entered into a limited number of fixed-fee arrangements that represent an insignificant portion of our revenue. Net revenue equals revenue minus transportation costs. Our transportation costs consist primarily of the direct cost of transportation paid to the carrier.

Net revenue is considered by management to be an important measurement of our success in the marketplace. Our transportation costs are typically lower for an LTL shipment than for a TL shipment. Our net revenue margin is typically higher for an LTL shipment than for a TL shipment. Material shifts in the percentage of our revenue by transportation mode could have a significant impact on our net revenue. The discussion of our results of operations below focuses on changes in our net revenue and expenses as a percentage of net revenue. Net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $74.5 million, a decrease of 7.8% from $80.8 million in the comparable period of 2016.

Operating expenses

Our costs and expenses, excluding transportation costs, consist of commissions paid to our sales personnel, general and administrative expenses to run our business, changes in our contingent consideration, and depreciation and amortization.

Commissions paid to our sales personnel, including employees and agents, are a significant component of our operating expenses. These commissions are based on the net revenue we collect from the clients for which such sales personnel have primary responsibility. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, our commission expense was $22.4 million and $24.8 million, respectively. Commission expense was 30.0% and 30.7% of our net revenue in the current and prior year, respectively. The percentage of net revenue paid as commissions will vary depending on the type of client, composition of the sales team and mode of transportation. Commission expense, stated as a percentage of net revenue, could increase or decrease in the future depending on the composition and sources of our revenue growth.

18


We accrue for commission expense when we recognize the related revenue. Some of our sales personnel receive a monthly advance to provide them with a more consistent income stream. Cash paid to our sales personnel in advance of commissions earned is recorded as a prepaid expense. As our sales personnel earn commissions, a portion of their commission payment is withheld and offset against their prepaid commission balance, if any.

Our selling, general and administrative expenses, which exclude commission expense and changes to contingent consideration, consist of compensation costs for our sales, operations, information systems, finance and administrative support employees as well as occupancy costs, professional fees, and other general and administrative expenses. For each of the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, our selling, general and administrative expenses was $44.8 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net revenue were 60.1% and 55.4%, respectively.

Our contingent consideration expense or benefit is the change in the fair value of our contingent consideration assets and liabilities. The contingent consideration assets and liabilities presented on our consolidated balance sheets reflect the fair value of expected earn-out payments that may be paid or received from the sellers of certain acquired businesses upon the achievement of certain performance measures. The fair values of the contingent consideration assets and liabilities are evaluated on a quarterly basis, and the change in fair value is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, we recorded an expense of $0.1 million and a benefit of $0.2 million, respectively.

Our depreciation expense is primarily attributable to our depreciation of computer hardware and software, equipment, leasehold improvements, furniture and fixtures and internally developed software. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, depreciation expense was $4.5 million and $3.5 million, respectively.

Our amortization expense is attributable to our amortization of intangible assets acquired from business combinations, including customer and carrier relationships, trade names and non-compete agreements. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, amortization expense was $3.6 million and $4.0 million, respectively.

Interest expense

The interest expense included in our consolidated statements of operations consists of interest expense related to our $230 million aggregate principal amount of 2.50% convertible senior notes due 2020 issued in May 2015 (the "Notes") and our senior secured revolving credit facility in an initial aggregate principal amount of up to $200 million entered into in June 2015 (the "ABL Facility"). We amortize the debt discount and issuance costs related to the Notes over the 5 year life of the Notes using the effective interest method. We amortize the issuance costs related to our ABL Facility over the 5 year life of the facility using straight-line amortization, as the amount drawn on the line (and thus the interest rate and commitment fee paid by Echo) will fluctuate from period to period. Interest expense was $3.6 million and $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016

Revenue

Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $415.8 million, an increase of 2.6% from $405.3 million in the comparable period of 2016. The increase in revenue was attributable to an increase in volume partially offset by lower TL rates.

Revenue from Transactional clients for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $333.0 million, an increase of 0.3% from $332.0 million in the comparable period of 2016. Revenue from Transactional clients was 80.1% of our revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017, a decrease from 81.9% of our revenue in the comparable period of 2016. The increase in Transactional revenue was driven by an increase in volume, offset by a decline in TL rates.

Revenue from Managed Transportation clients for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $82.8 million, an increase of 13.0% from $73.3 million in the comparable period of 2016. Revenue from Managed Transportation clients was 19.9% of our revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017, an increase from 18.1% of revenue in the comparable period of 2016. This increase was due to an increase in the number of Managed Transportation clients driven by expanded relationships with former Command customers.


19

Transportation costs

Transportation costs for the three months ended March 31, 2017 were $341.3 million, an increase of 5.2% from $324.5 million in the comparable period of 2016. The growth in the total number of shipments drove the increase in our transportation costs during this period. Our transportation costs as a percentage of revenue increased to 82.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2017 from 80.1% in the comparable period of 2016, which is due to the decline in transactional rates per shipment.

Net revenue

Net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $74.5 million, a decrease of 7.8% from $80.8 million in the comparable period of 2016. Net revenue margins decreased to 17.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2017, from 19.9% in the comparable period of 2016. The decline in TL margins accounted for most of the decrease in our net revenue during this period.

Operating expenses

Commission expense for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $22.4 million, a decrease of 9.9% from $24.8 million in the comparable period of 2016. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, commission expense was 30.0% and 30.7%, respectively, of our net revenue. The marginal decrease in commission expense as a percentage of net revenue was due to the fluctuation of composition of our net revenue by mode, as LTL shipments typically have lower commission percentages than TL shipments. The increase in LTL net revenue as a percent of total net revenue was driven by organic growth.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for each of the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $44.8 million. As a percentage of net revenue, selling, general and administrative expenses increased to 60.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2017, from 55.4% in the comparable period of 2016. The increase is primarily due to lower net revenue due to the composition of our net revenue by mode.

The contingent consideration fair-value adjustment resulted in an expense of $0.1 million and a benefit of $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The expense for 2017 is the result of adjustments made to the fair value of the contingent assets and liabilities due to financial performance of previous acquisition owners, time value of money and the likelihood of employee retention being met. The fair values of the contingent consideration assets and liabilities reflect the updated probabilities and assumptions as of March 31, 2017.

Depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $4.5 million, an increase of 26.4% from $3.5 million in the comparable period of 2016. The increase in depreciation expense is primarily due to depreciation of the additional leasehold improvements, furniture and computer equipment for the new Chicago space.

Amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $3.6 million, a decrease of 10.6% from $4.0 million in the comparable period of 2016. The decrease in amortization expense was primarily attributable to the accelerated method of amortization of the acquired customer relationships along with the complete amortization of previously acquired intangible assets.

(Loss) Income from operations

Loss from operations for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $0.8 million, compared to income from operations of $3.8 million in the comparable period of 2016. The decrease in income from operations was primarily due to lower net revenue margins.

Interest expense

Interest expense was $3.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, an increase from $3.5 million of interest expense in the comparable period of 2016. The interest expense in both years primarily relates to our Notes issued in May 2015 and the ABL Facility we entered into in June 2015.

Income tax benefit (expense)

We recognized income tax benefit of $1.5 million and income tax expense of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was (34.7)%,

20

compared to an effective tax rate of 17.3% in the comparable period of 2016. The difference in the Company's effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2017 from the Company's statutory federal tax rate of 35% was primarily due to net tax deficiencies related to share-based payment awards recognized as income tax expense in accordance with ASU 2016-09, discussed further in Note 2, and the completion of a state tax audit.
    
Net (loss) income

Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $2.9 million, compared to net income of $0.3 million in the comparable period of 2016, due to the items previously discussed.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of March 31, 2017, we had $24.3 million in cash and cash equivalents, $103.9 million in working capital and $185.0 million available under our ABL Facility.

Cash provided by operating activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, net cash provided by operating activities was $14.1 million and $14.3 million, respectively. We generated $10.9 million and $14.7 million in cash from net income (adjusted for noncash operating items) for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. In the current year, we generated $3.2 million of cash due to changes in working capital, compared to an offset of $0.4 million against cash from net income in the prior year. These fluctuations in working capital were primarily driven by the timing of payments made and received each year.

Cash used in investing activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, net cash used in investing activities was $4.0 million and $4.3 million, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the primary investing activities were the purchase of property and equipment, leasehold improvements and the internal development of computer software. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, primary investing activities were the purchase of property and equipment and the internal development of computer software.

Cash used in by financing activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, net cash used in financing activities was $2.5 million and $23.0 million, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the primary financing activities were the purchases of treasury stock, payments of contingent consideration and the use of cash to satisfy employee tax withholdings upon the vesting of equity-based awards. We also drew $7.0 million and $6.0 million on our ABL Facility during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, all of which was repaid as of March 31, 2017 and 2016.

ABL Facility

On June 1, 2015, we entered into a Revolving Credit and Security Agreement with PNC Bank (the "Credit Agreement"). The Credit Agreement provides for a senior secured revolving credit facility in an initial aggregate principal amount of up to $200 million. Our obligations under the ABL Facility are secured, on a first lien priority basis, by certain working capital assets. We are required to pay a commitment fee in respect of the unutilized commitments under the revolving credit facility.

At March 31, 2017, there was no outstanding balance on the ABL Facility. The issuance of letters of credit under the ABL Facility also reduces available borrowings. At March 31, 2017, there were $0.7 million of letters of credit outstanding. The total draw allowed under the ABL Facility at March 31, 2017, as determined by the working capital assets pledged as collateral, was $185.7 million. After adjusting for the letters of credit, our remaining availability under the ABL Facility at March 31, 2017 was $185.0 million.

Anticipated uses of cash

Our priority is to continue to grow our revenue and net revenue. We anticipate that our operating expenses and planned expenditures will constitute material uses of cash, and we expect to use available cash to expand our sales force, to enhance our technology, to acquire or make strategic investments in complementary businesses, and for working capital and other general corporate purposes.


21

In 2017, we also expect to use available cash to make approximately $0.3 million of potential contingent earn-out payments, as well as $5.8 million to satisfy the semi-annual Note coupon payments due May 1, 2017 and November 1, 2017. In addition, we currently expect to use $11 to $16 million for capital expenditures for the remainder of 2017. We expect our use of cash for working capital purposes and other purposes to be offset by the cash flow generated from operating activities during the same period.

Historically, our average accounts receivable life-cycle has been longer than our average accounts payable life-cycle, meaning that we have used cash to pay carriers in advance of collecting from our clients. We elect to provide this benefit to foster strong relationships with our clients and carriers. As our business grows, we expect this use of cash to continue. The amount of cash we use will depend on the growth of our business.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The discussion of recent accounting pronouncements in Note 2, Recent Accounting Pronouncements, to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference.

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Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Commodity Risk

We pass through fluctuations in fuel prices to our clients. As a result, we believe that there is no material risk exposure to fluctuations in fuel prices.

Interest Rate Risk

We have exposure to changes in interest rates on our ABL Facility. Borrowings bear interest at one of the following, plus an applicable margin: (1) the federal funds rate, (2) the base commercial lending rate of PNC Bank, or (3) the LIBOR rate, based on the Company's election for each tranche of borrowing. The interest rate on our line of credit fluctuates based on the rates described above. Assuming the $200.0 million ABL Facility was fully drawn, a 1.0% increase in the interest rate selected would increase our annual interest expense by $2.0 million.

Our interest income is sensitive to changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates, in particular because all of our investments are in cash equivalents. Due to the short-term nature of our investments, we believe that there is no material risk exposure.

We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative trading purposes.

Impact of Inflation

We believe that our results of operations are not materially impacted by moderate changes in the inflation rate. Inflation and changing prices did not have a material impact on our operations for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.


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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2017. The term "disclosure controls and procedures," as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2017, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Our internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Based on its evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of March 31, 2017.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.



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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.    Legal Proceedings

Management does not believe that the outcome of any of the legal proceedings to which the Company is a party will have a material adverse effect on its financial position or results of operations.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

There have been no material changes from the risk factors described in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we did not issue any unregistered securities.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The table below gives information on a monthly basis regarding purchases made by us of our common stock and the number of shares delivered to us by employees to satisfy the mandatory tax withholding requirement upon vesting of restricted stock during the first quarter of 2017.
Date
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased
 
Average Price Paid Per Share
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program (1)
 
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under Program (1)
1/1/17-1/31/17
 
—

 
$
—

 
—

 
$
851,088

2/1/17-2/28/17
 
55,826

 
$
23.00

 
37,095

 
$
4

3/1/17-3/31/17
 
38,682

 
$
20.87

 
—

 
$
4

Total
 
94,508

 
$
22.13

 
37,095

 
 

(1) On December 29, 2015, the Board of Directors authorized a repurchase program for up to an aggregate of $50 million of the Company's outstanding common stock and Notes prior to its expiration on December 31, 2017. The timing and amount of any repurchases will be determined based on market conditions and other factors, and the program may be discontinued or suspended at any time.

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Item 6.    Exhibits
Exhibit No
 
Description of Exhibit
 
 
 
31.1

 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
31.2

 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
32.1

 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
32.2

 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
101.INS**

 
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
101.SCH**

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
 
101.CAL**

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.DEF**

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.LAB**

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.PRE**

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
** Submitted electronically with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 
 
 
ECHO GLOBAL LOGISTICS, INC.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Date:
April 27, 2017
 
 
 
/s/ DOUGLAS R. WAGGONER
 
 
 
By:
 
Douglas R. Waggoner
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
Date:
April 27, 2017
 
 
 
/s/ KYLE L. SAUERS
 
 
 
By:
 
Kyle L. Sauers
Chief Financial Officer


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EXHIBIT INDEX
Number
 
Description
 
 
 
31.1

 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
31.2

 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
32.1

 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
32.2

 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
101.INS**

 
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
101.SCH**

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
 
101.CAL**

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.DEF**

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.LAB**

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.PRE**

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
** Submitted electronically with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

28

Echo Global Logistics, Inc. Reports