December 31,

December 31,

2016

2015

2016

2015

Earnings:

Net loss

$

(5,412

)

$

(5,691

)

$

(10,507

)

$

(9,651

)

Add: Fixed charges

35

29

51

35

Earnings as defined

$

(5,377

)

$

(5,662

)

$

(10,456

)

$

(9,616

)

Fixed charges:

Estimated interest component of rental expense (1)

35

29

51

35

Total fixed charges

$

35

$

29

$

51

$

35

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges (2)

$

—

$

—

$

—

$

—

Deficiency of earnings available to cover fixed charges

$

(5,377

)

$

(5,662

)

$

(10,456

)

$

(9,616

)

Combined fixed charges and preference share dividends:

Fixed charges

35

29

51

35

Preference share dividends

—

—

—

—

Total combined fixed charges and preference share dividends

$

35

$

29

$

51

$

35

Ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preference share dividends

$

—

$

—

$

—

$

—

Deficiency of earnings available to cover combines fixed charges and preference share dividends

$

(5,377

)

$

(5,662

)

$

(10,456

)

$

(9,616

)

(1) One third of rental expense is estimated to be the interest component of rental expense

(2) Earnings were insufficient to cover total fixed charges and total combined fixed charges and preference share dividends