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PBF Energy Reports First Quarter 2014 Results, Declares Dividend of $0.30 Per Share

PARSIPPANY, NJ - April 30, 2014 - PBF Energy Inc. (NYSE: PBF) today reported first quarter 2014 Operating Income of $260.2 million versus Operating Income of $100.1 million for the first quarter of 2013. Adjusted Pro Forma Net Income for the first quarter 2014 was $140.7 million, or $1.44 per share on a fully exchanged, fully diluted basis, as described below, compared to Adjusted Pro Forma Net Income of $46.7 million, or $0.48 per share, for the first quarter 2013. Net Income attributable to PBF Energy Inc. for the quarter was $77.4 million.

Throughput for the quarter averaged approximately 430,900 barrels per day, which was below guidance for the quarter. Throughput on the East Coast averaged approximately 292,700 barrels per day and throughput in the Mid-continent averaged approximately 138,200 barrels per day. Throughput was negatively impacted by the cold weather experienced during the quarter which, among other things, caused a freeze-related, unplanned shutdown at our Paulsboro refinery in January.

During the first quarter 2014, the company ran approximately 102,400 barrels per day of rail-delivered crudes through its East Coast system, of which 40,100 barrels per day were heavy crude oil. The severity of the weather in the mid-continent during the quarter negatively impacted the ability to load crude oil onto the trains and transit times also increased. Depending on economics, we expect that our total volumes of rail-delivered crudes will increase in the second quarter. The company is currently expanding its existing rail capacity of approximately 145,000 barrels per day to a total of 210,000 barrels per day and expects this increased capacity to be in service by the end of the third quarter.

Tom Nimbley, PBF Energy's CEO, said, “Our strong results are representative of the success of our ongoing efforts to enhance our feedstock sourcing flexibility and procure the most economic barrels for processing at our facilities. In conjunction with relatively stable operations, given the sometimes adverse operating conditions, the landed cost of crude, especially on the East Coast, was the single largest driver of our strong results for the quarter. Broader market conditions were favorable, with strong benchmark cracks and crude oil differentials benefiting all of our refineries. Bakken traded at a discount to Brent of $13 and WCS averaged a discount to Brent of more than $31 per barrel and we were able to land these crudes, and some price-advantaged waterborne barrels, into our East Coast system at attractive economics.” Mr. Nimbley continued, “Moving into the second quarter, crude differentials have narrowed somewhat but product cracks have remained strong. We expect that our landed cost of crude will continue to support strong operating results and we are positioning our refineries to benefit from these continuing favorable market conditions.”

PBF Energy Inc. Declares Dividend
The company announced today that it will pay a quarterly dividend of $0.30 per share of Class A common stock on May 29, 2014, to holders of record as of May 12, 2014.

Adjusted Pro Forma Results
Adjusted Pro Forma results assume the exchange of all PBF Energy Company LLC Series A Units and dilutive securities into shares of PBF Energy Inc. Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis, resulting in the elimination of the noncontrolling interest and a corresponding adjustment to the company's tax provision.

Non-GAAP Measures
This earnings release, and the discussion during the management conference call, may include references to non-GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) measures including Adjusted Pro Forma Net Income, Adjusted Pro Forma







Net Income per fully exchanged, fully diluted share, gross refining margin, gross refining margin per barrel of throughput, EBITDA (Earnings before Interest, Income Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) and Adjusted EBITDA. PBF Energy Inc. believes that non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information about its operating performance and financial results. However, these measures have important limitations as analytical tools and should not be viewed in isolation or considered as alternatives for, or superior to, comparable GAAP financial measures. PBF Energy Inc.'s non-GAAP financial measures may also differ from similarly named measures used by other companies. See the accompanying tables and footnotes in this release for additional information on the non-GAAP measures used in this release and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP measures.

Conference Call Information
PBF Energy's senior management will hold a conference call at 9:00 a.m. ET, Wednesday, April 30, 2014, to discuss its earnings results and provide an update on company operations. Callers may listen to the live presentation, which will be followed by a question and answer session, by dialing (800) 862-9098 or (785) 424-1051, conference ID: PBFQ114. The audio replay will be available two hours after the end of the call through May 14, 2014, by dialing (800) 388-6197 or (402) 220-1115. A live webcast of the conference call will also be available in the Investor Relations section of the company's web site at http://www.pbfenergy.com.

Forward-Looking Statements
Statements in this press release relating to future plans, results, performance, expectations, achievements and the like are considered “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which may be beyond the company's control, that may cause actual results to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Factors and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ include but are not limited to the risks disclosed in the company's filings with the SEC, as well as the risk that an initial public offering of the MLP may not occur, or be negatively impacted by adverse conditions, any impact an MLP may have on the company's credit rating, cost of funds, employees, customers and vendors; risks relating to the securities markets generally; the impact of adverse market conditions affecting the company, unanticipated developments, regulatory approvals, changes in laws and other events negatively impact the company. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof. The company undertakes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements except as may be required by applicable law.


About PBF Energy Inc.
PBF Energy Inc. (NYSE:PBF) is one of the largest independent refiners in North America, operating, through its subsidiaries, oil refineries and related facilities in Delaware City, Delaware, Paulsboro, New Jersey and Toledo, Ohio. Our mission is to operate our facilities in a safe, reliable and environmentally sensitive manner, provide employees with a safe and rewarding workplace, become a positive influence in the communities where we do business, and provide superior returns to our investors.

Contacts:                        
Colin Murray (investors)                                 
ir@pbfenergy.com
Tel: 973.455.7578                                 

Michael C. Karlovich (media)
mediarelations@pbfenergy.com
Tel: 973.455.8994







 
PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 
(Unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues
 
$
4,746,443

 
$
4,797,847

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation
 
4,147,684

 
4,435,101

 
 
Operating expenses, excluding depreciation
 
268,899

 
206,015

 
 
General and administrative expenses
 
36,624

 
30,094

 
 
Gain on sale of assets
 
(186
)
 

 
 
Depreciation and amortization expense
 
33,215

 
26,532

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4,486,236

 
4,697,742

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from operations
 
260,207

 
100,105

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other income (expense)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in fair value of catalyst lease
 
(2,001
)
 
(1,339
)
 
 
Interest expense, net
 
(25,255
)
 
(21,611
)
 
Income before income taxes
 
232,951

 
77,155

 
Income tax expense
 
49,679

 
7,444

 
Net income
 
183,272

 
69,711

 
 
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
105,828

 
58,305

 
Net income attributable to PBF Energy Inc.
 
$
77,444

 
$
11,406

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income available to Class A common stock per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
1.43

 
$
0.48

 
 
 
Diluted
 
$
1.42

 
$
0.48

 
 
 
Weighted-average shares outstanding-basic
 
54,167,861

 
23,589,687

 
 
 
Weighted-average shares outstanding-diluted
 
54,691,627

 
97,415,576

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends per share
 
$
0.30

 
$
0.30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted pro forma net income and adjusted pro
     forma net income per fully exchanged, fully
     diluted shares outstanding(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted pro forma net income
 
$
140,729

 
$
46,686

 
 
 
Adjusted pro forma net income per fully exchanged, fully diluted share
 
$
1.44

 
$
0.48

 
 
 
Pro forma shares outstanding - diluted
 
97,398,632

 
97,415,576

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1) Adjusted Pro Forma information is presented in the table above as management believes that these non-GAAP measures when presented in conjunction with comparable U.S. GAAP measures, are useful to investors to compare the company’s results across the periods presented and facilitates an understanding of the company’s operating results. The company also uses this measure to evaluate its operating performance. These measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The differences between Adjusted Pro Forma and U.S. GAAP results are explained in the "Reconciliation of Amounts Reported Under U.S. GAAP - Adjusted Pro Forma Net Income."
 
 









PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET DATA
(Unaudited, in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31,
 
December 31,
 
 
 
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
 
Balance Sheet Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
237,135

 
$
76,970

 
 
Inventories
$
1,546,255

 
$
1,445,517

 
 
Total assets
$
4,716,419

 
$
4,413,808

 
 
Total long-term debt
$
734,828

 
$
747,576

 
 
Total equity
$
1,810,123

 
$
1,715,256

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total debt to capitalization ratio
29
%
 
30
%
 
 
Net debt to capitalization ratio
22
%
 
28
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SUMMARIZED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW DATA
(Unaudited, in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
 
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
 
Cash flows provided by operations
$
260,571

 
$
211,066

 
Cash flows used in investing activities
(52,653
)
 
(59,153
)
 
Cash flows used in financing activities
(47,753
)
 
(33,709
)
 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
160,165

 
118,204

 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
76,970

 
285,884

 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
$
237,135

 
$
404,088

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 









 
PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
MARKET INDICATORS AND KEY OPERATING INFORMATION
 
(Unaudited, amounts in thousands except as indicated)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31,
 
Market Indicators (dollars per barrel)(1)
 
2014
 
2013
 
Dated Brent Crude
 
$
108.21

 
$
112.57

 
West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil
 
$
98.69

 
$
94.29

 
Crack Spreads:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dated Brent (NYH) 2-1-1
 
$
11.41

 
$
12.79

 
 
WTI (Chicago) 4-3-1
 
$
16.79

 
$
26.09

 
Crude Oil Differentials:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dated Brent (foreign) less WTI
 
$
9.52

 
$
18.28

 
 
Dated Brent less Maya (heavy, sour)
 
$
18.93

 
$
9.86

 
 
Dated Brent less WTS (sour)
 
$
15.10

 
$
24.61

 
 
Dated Brent less ASCI (sour)
 
$
7.77

 
$
3.66

 
 
WTI less WCS (heavy, sour)
 
$
21.63

 
$
26.62

 
 
WTI less Bakken (light, sweet)
 
$
3.79

 
$
1.90

 
 
WTI less Syncrude (light, sweet)
 
$
0.99

 
$
(3.33
)
 
Natural gas (dollars per MMBTU)
 
$
4.72

 
$
3.48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key Operating Information
 
 
 
 
 
Production (barrels per day ("bpd") in thousands)
 
428.6

 
440.3

 
Crude oil and feedstocks throughput (bpd in thousands)
 
430.9

 
441.6

 
Total crude oil and feedstocks throughput (millions of barrels)
 
38.8

 
39.7

 
Gross refining margin per barrel of throughput (2)
 
$
15.44

 
$
9.13

 
Operating expense per barrel of throughput (3)
 
$
6.93

 
$
5.19

 
Crude and feedstocks (% of total throughput) (4):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Heavy
 
13
%
 
15
%
 
 
Medium
 
45
%
 
47
%
 
 
Light
 
34
%
 
30
%
 
 
Other feedstocks and blends
 
 
 
8
%
 
8
%
 
 
 
Total throughput
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
Yield (% of total throughput):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gasoline and gasoline blendstocks
 
49
%
 
46
%
 
 
Distillates and distillate blendstocks
 
37
%
 
38
%
 
 
Lubes
 
2
%
 
2
%
 
 
Chemicals
 
3
%
 
3
%
 
 
Other
 
9
%
 
11
%
 
 
 
Total yield
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)  As reported by Platts.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2) Gross refining margin per barrel of throughput is a non-GAAP measure. We define it as gross margin, plus refinery operating expenses and depreciation and amortization, divided by total crude and feedstocks throughput. Refer to the "Reconciliation of Amounts Reported Under U.S. GAAP - Gross Refining Margin/Gross Refining Margin per Barrel of Throughput" provided below for additional information, including our rationale for the use of this non-GAAP measure.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3)  Represents refinery operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, divided by total crude oil and feedstocks throughput.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(4)  We define heavy crude oil as crude oil with an American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity less than 24 degrees. We define medium crude oil as crude oil with an API gravity between 24 and 35 degrees. We define light crude oil as crude oil with an API gravity higher than 35 degrees.








 
PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
 SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATING INFORMATION
 
(Unaudited, amounts in thousands except as indicated)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
 
Supplemental Operating Information - East Coast (Delaware City and Paulsboro)
 
 
 
 
 
Production (barrels per day ("bpd") in thousands)
 
288.6

 
316.9

 
Crude oil and feedstocks throughput (bpd in thousands)
 
292.7

 
318.9

 
Total crude oil and feedstocks throughput (millions of barrels)
 
26.3

 
28.7

 
Crude and feedstocks (% of total throughput) (1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Heavy
 
19
%
 
21
%
 
 
Medium
 
49
%
 
53
%
 
 
Light
 
21
%
 
15
%
 
 
Other feedstocks and blends
 
11
%
 
11
%
 
 
 
Total throughput
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
Yield (% of total throughput):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gasoline and gasoline blendstocks
 
47
%
 
45
%
 
 
Distillates and distillate blendstocks
 
37
%
 
38
%
 
 
Lubes
 
2
%
 
3
%
 
 
Chemicals
 
2
%
 
2
%
 
 
Other
 
11
%
 
12
%
 
 
 
Total yield
 
99
%
 
100
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental Operating Information - Mid-Continent (Toledo)
 
 
 
 
 
Production (bpd in thousands)
 
140.0

 
123.4

 
Crude oil and feedstocks throughput (bpd in thousands)
 
138.2

 
122.7

 
Total crude oil and feedstocks throughput (millions of barrels)
 
12.4

 
11.0

 
Crude and feedstocks (% of total throughput) (1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Heavy
 
%
 
%
 
 
Medium
 
37
%
 
31
%
 
 
Light
 
62
%
 
67
%
 
 
Other feedstocks and blends
 
1
%
 
2
%
 
 
 
Total throughput
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
Yield (% of total throughput):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gasoline and gasoline blendstocks
 
52
%
 
50
%
 
 
Distillates and distillate blendstocks
 
38
%
 
36
%
 
 
Lubes
 
%
 
%
 
 
Chemicals
 
5
%
 
4
%
 
 
Other
 
6
%
 
10
%
 
 
 
Total yield
 
101
%
 
100
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1) We define heavy crude oil as crude oil with an American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity less than 24 degrees. We define medium crude oil as crude oil with an API gravity between 24 and 35 degrees. We define light crude oil as crude oil with an API gravity higher than 35 degrees.
 








 
PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
RECONCILIATION OF AMOUNTS REPORTED UNDER U.S. GAAP
 
ADJUSTED PRO FORMA NET INCOME
 
(Unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
 
Net income attributable to PBF Energy Inc.
$
77,444

 
$
11,406

 
 
Add:
Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest (1)
105,828

 
58,305

 
 
Less:
Income tax expense (2)
(42,543
)
 
(23,025
)
 
Adjusted pro forma net income
$
140,729

 
$
46,686

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding of PBF Energy Inc. (3)
54,691,627

 
97,415,576

 
Conversion of PBF LLC Series A Units (4)
42,707,005

 

 
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding of PBF Energy Inc.
97,398,632

 
97,415,576

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted pro forma net income (per fully exchanged,
       fully diluted shares outstanding
$
1.44

 
$
0.48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1) Represents the elimination of the noncontrolling interest associated with the ownership by the members of PBF Energy Company LLC other than PBF Energy Inc. as if such members had fully exchanged their PBF LLC Series A Units for shares of the company's Class A common stock.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2) Represents an adjustment to apply PBF Energy's statutory tax rate of approximately 40.2% for the 2014 period and 39.5% for the 2013 period to the noncontrolling interest. The adjustment assumes the full exchange of existing PBF LLC Series A Units as described in (1) above.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3) Represents weighted-average diluted shares outstanding assuming the full exchange of common stock equivalents, including options and warrants for PBF LLC Series A Units and options for shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock as calculated under the treasury stock method. Common stock equivalents excludes the effects of options to purchase 1,943,125 and 57,500 shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock because they are anti-dilutive for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and March 31, 2013, respectively.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(4) Represents an adjustment to weighted-average diluted shares to assume the full exchange of existing PBF LLC Series A Units as described in (1) above.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted Pro Forma information is presented in the table above as management believes that these non-GAAP measures when presented in conjunction with comparable U.S. GAAP measures, are useful to investors to compare the company’s results across the periods presented and facilitates an understanding of the company’s operating results. The company also uses this measure to evaluate its operating performance. These measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The differences between Adjusted Pro Forma and U.S. GAAP results are explained in the footnotes to the table above.
 
 









 
PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
RECONCILIATION OF AMOUNTS REPORTED UNDER U.S. GAAP
 
GROSS REFINING MARGIN / GROSS REFINING MARGIN PER BARREL OF THROUGHPUT
 
(Unaudited, in thousands, except per barrel amounts)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2014
 
March 31, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
per barrel of
 
 
 
per barrel of
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
 
throughput
 
$
 
throughput
 
 
Reconciliation of gross margin to gross refining margin:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross margin
$
300,125

 
$
7.74

 
$
133,022

 
$
3.34

 
 
 
Add: refinery operating expense
268,899

 
$
6.93

 
206,015

 
$
5.19

 
 
 
Add: refinery depreciation
29,735

 
$
0.77

 
23,709

 
$
0.60

 
 
Gross refining margin
$
598,759

 
$
15.44

 
$
362,746

 
$
9.13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross refining margin is a non-GAAP measure because it excludes refinery operating expenses and depreciation and can be relevant to investors because it is a better metric comparison to the industry refining margin benchmarks shown in the Market Indicators table above, as the industry benchmarks do not include a charge for refinery operating expenses and depreciation. Other companies in our industry may not calculate gross refining margin and gross refining margin per barrel in the same manner.
 
 








 
PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
RECONCILIATION OF AMOUNTS REPORTED UNDER U.S. GAAP
 
EBITDA AND ADJUSTED EBITDA
 
(Unaudited, in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended 
 March 31,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
 
Reconciliation of net income to EBITDA:
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
$
183,272

 
$
69,711

 
Add:
Depreciation and amortization expense
 
33,215

 
26,532

 
Add:
Interest expense, net
 
25,255

 
21,611

 
Add:
Income tax expense
 
49,679

 
7,444

 
EBITDA
 
$
291,421

 
$
125,298

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reconciliation of EBITDA to Adjusted EBITDA:
 
 
 
 
 
EBITDA
 
$
291,421

 
$
125,298

 
Add:
Stock based compensation
 
1,420

 
1,020

 
Add:
Non-cash change in fair value of catalyst lease obligations
 
2,001

 
1,339

 
Add:
Non-cash change in fair value of inventory repurchase obligations
 

 
(11,042
)
 
Add:
Non-cash deferral of gross profit on finished product sales
 

 
(7,534
)
 
Adjusted EBITDA
 
$
294,842

 
$
109,081

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EBITDA (Earnings before Interest, Income Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) and Adjusted EBITDA, as presented in the tables above, are supplemental measures of performance that are not required by, or presented in accordance with, GAAP. We use these non-GAAP financial measures as a supplement to our GAAP results in order to provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting our business. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are measures of operating performance that are not defined by GAAP and should not be considered substitutes for net income as determined in accordance with GAAP.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In addition, because EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not calculated in the same manner by all companies, they are not necessarily comparable to other similarly titled measures used by other companies. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA have their limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider them in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP.