KANSAS CITY LIFE INSURANCE CO - FORM 10-Q

Attached files

file	filename
EX-32 - SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATION - KANSAS CITY LIFE INSURANCE CO	dex32.htm
EX-31.(A) - SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION - KANSAS CITY LIFE INSURANCE CO	dex31a.htm
EX-31.(B) - SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION - KANSAS CITY LIFE INSURANCE CO	dex31b.htm

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2011 or

¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 2-40764

KANSAS CITY LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Missouri		44-0308260
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

3520 Broadway, Kansas City, Missouri		64111-2565
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

816-753-7000

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes ¨ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer ¨		Accelerated filer x		Non-accelerated filer ¨		Smaller reporting company ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ¨ No x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.


Common Stock, $1.25 par		11,467,319 shares
Class		Outstanding March 31, 2011

KANSAS CITY LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Part I. Financial Information			3

Item 1. Financial Statements			3

Consolidated Balance Sheets			3

Consolidated Statements of Income			4

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity			5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows			6

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)			8

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			37

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			68

Item 4. Controls and Procedures			68

Part II: Other Information			69

Item 1. Legal Proceedings			69

Item 1A. Risk Factors			69

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			70

Item 5. Other Information			71

Item 6. Exhibits			73

Signatures			74

Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

Amounts in thousands, except share data, or as otherwise noted

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Consolidated Balance Sheets


	March 31 2011			December 31 2010
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities available for sale, at fair value	$	2,651,664		$	2,648,888
Equity securities available for sale, at fair value		39,179			38,321
Mortgage loans		554,772			559,167
Real estate		121,074			119,909
Policy loans		82,909			84,281
Short-term investments		23,230			15,713
Other investments		4,742			5,009

Total investments		3,477,570			3,471,288

Cash		4,842			5,445
Accrued investment income		39,136			35,742
Deferred acquisition costs		192,475			192,943
Reinsurance receivables		189,343			187,123
Property and equipment		23,374			23,514
Other assets		76,113			78,018
Separate account assets		351,401			339,029

Total assets	$	4,354,254		$	4,333,102


LIABILITIES
Future policy benefits	$	880,311		$	884,380
Policyholder account balances		2,068,609			2,065,878
Policy and contract claims		48,058			43,866
Other policyholder funds		147,069			145,560
Other liabilities		177,530			174,917
Separate account liabilities		351,401			339,029

Total liabilities		3,672,978			3,653,630


STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common stock, par value $1.25 per share
Authorized 36,000,000 shares, issued 18,496,680 shares		23,121			23,121
Additional paid in capital		41,089			41,085
Retained earnings		768,821			767,126
Accumulated other comprehensive income		7,909			7,807
Treasury stock, at cost (2011 - 7,029,361 shares; 2010 - 7,029,575 shares)		(159,664	)		(159,667	)

Total stockholders’ equity		681,276			679,472

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	4,354,254		$	4,333,102

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Consolidated Statements of Income


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011			2010
	(Unaudited)
REVENUES
Insurance revenues:
Premiums, net	$	33,625		$	34,983
Contract charges		26,234			26,674

Total insurance revenues		59,859			61,657
Investment revenues:
Net investment income		45,391			43,304
Realized investment gains, excluding impairment losses		1,012			1,323
Net impairment losses recognized in earnings:
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses		(269	)		(1,591	)
Portion of impairment losses recognized in other comprehensive income		58			5

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings		(211	)		(1,586	)

Total investment revenues		46,192			43,041
Other revenues		2,408			2,384

Total revenues		108,459			107,082


BENEFITS AND EXPENSES
Policyholder benefits		45,274			47,786
Interest credited to policyholder account balances		20,481			21,200
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs		9,584			8,947
Operating expenses		25,865			26,182

Total benefits and expenses		101,204			104,115


Income before income tax expense		7,255			2,967

Income tax expense		2,464			2,004


NET INCOME	$	4,791		$	963


Comprehensive income, net of taxes:
Change in net unrealized gains on securities available for sale	$	102		$	15,756

Other comprehensive income		102			15,756


COMPREHENSIVE INCOME	$	4,893		$	16,719


Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Net income	$	0.42		$	0.08

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity


	Quarter Ended March 31, 2011
	(Unaudited)
COMMON STOCK, beginning and end of period	$	23,121


ADDITIONAL PAID IN CAPITAL
Beginning of period		41,085
Excess of proceeds over cost of treasury stock sold		4


End of period		41,089


RETAINED EARNINGS
Beginning of period		767,126
Net income		4,791
Stockholder dividends of $0.27 per share		(3,096	)


End of period		768,821


ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME, net of taxes
Beginning of period		7,807
Other comprehensive income		102


End of period		7,909


TREASURY STOCK, at cost
Beginning of period		(159,667	)
Cost of 15 shares acquired		-
Cost of 229 shares sold		3


End of period		(159,664	)


TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	681,276

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011			2010
	(Unaudited)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$	4,791		$	963
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used by operating activities:
Amortization of investment premium		939			394
Depreciation		645			561
Acquisition costs capitalized		(8,743	)		(7,725	)
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs		9,584			8,947
Realized investment (gains) losses		(801	)		263
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Reinsurance receivables		(2,220	)		(4,008	)
Future policy benefits		(2,962	)		4,313
Policyholder account balances		(8,329	)		(5,724	)
Income taxes payable and deferred		1,577			5,846
Other, net		3,992			(3,888	)

Net cash used		(1,527	)		(58	)


INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of investments:
Fixed maturity securities		(78,118	)		(108,969	)
Equity securities		(1,030	)		(475	)
Mortgage loans		(15,472	)		(6,911	)
Real estate		(2,900	)		(2,112	)
Policy loans		(3,450	)		(4,326	)
Sales of investments:
Fixed maturity securities		10,143			12,729
Equity securities		201			-
Net sales (purchases) of short-term investments		(7,517	)		31,934
Maturities and principal paydowns of investments:
Fixed maturity securities		64,114			65,301
Mortgage loans		19,864			8,004
Policy loans		4,822			5,015
Net disposition of property and equipment		40			113

Net cash provided (used)		(9,303	)		303

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011			2010
	(Unaudited)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Deposits on policyholder account balances	$	57,464		$	53,728
Withdrawals from policyholder account balances		(46,015	)		(52,059	)
Net transfers from separate accounts		871			800
Change in other deposits		996			3,340
Cash dividends to stockholders		(3,096	)		(3,111	)
Net disposition (acquisition) of treasury stock		7			(2,115	)

Net cash provided		10,227			583


Increase (decrease) in cash		(603	)		828
Cash at beginning of year		5,445			4,981

Cash at end of period	$	4,842		$	5,809

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

1. Nature of Operations and Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes to these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of Kansas City Life Insurance Company include the accounts of the consolidated entity (the Company), which primarily consists of three life insurance companies. Kansas City Life Insurance Company (Kansas City Life) is the parent company. Sunset Life Insurance Company of America (Sunset Life) and Old American Insurance Company (Old American) are wholly-owned subsidiaries.

The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) for interim financial reporting and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Regulations S-K, S-X, and other applicable regulations. Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. As such, these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2010 Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Management believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, and all normal and recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position at March 31, 2011 and the results of operations for all periods presented have been made. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the Company’s operating results for a full year.

Significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation and certain immaterial reclassifications have been made to the prior period results to conform with the current period’s presentation.

The preparation of the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements requires management of the Company to make estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. These estimates are inherently subject to change and actual results could differ from these estimates.

Significant Accounting Policies

No significant updates or changes to these policies occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2011.

For a full discussion of these significant accounting policies, please refer to the Company’s 2010 Form 10-K.

2. New Accounting Pronouncements and Other Regulatory Activity

For a full discussion of new accounting pronouncements and other regulatory activity and their impact of the Company, please refer to the Company’s 2010 Form 10-K.

No new accounting standards, updates of existing standards or other regulatory activity were issued during the quarter ended March 31, 2011 that were pertinent to the Company.

3. Fair Value Measurements

Fair Values Hierarchy

Determination of Fair Value

Under U.S. GAAP, fair value represents the price that would be received to sell an asset (exit price) or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. It is the Company’s policy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements. Accordingly, the Company utilizes a primary independent third-party pricing service to determine the majority of its fair values on investment securities available for sale.

The Company reviews prices received from service providers for unusual fluctuations but generally accepts the price identified from the primary pricing service. However, if the primary pricing service does not provide a price, the Company pursues external pricing from brokers. Generally, the Company pursues and utilizes only one broker quote per security. In

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

doing so, the Company solicits only brokers which have previously demonstrated knowledge and experience of the subject security. If a broker price is not available, the Company determines a fair value through various valuation techniques that include discounted cash flows, spread-based models or similar techniques, depending upon the specific security to be priced. These techniques are primarily applied to private placement securities. The Company utilizes available market information, wherever possible, to identify inputs into the fair value determination, primarily including prices and spreads on comparable securities.

The Company performs an analysis on the prices received from the third-party security pricing service and independent brokers to ensure that the prices represent a reasonable estimate of the fair value. The Company corroborates and validates the primary pricing source through a variety of procedures that include but are not limited to comparison to broker quotes, where possible, alternative third-party pricing services, and comparison of prices to actual trades for specific securities where observable data exists. In addition, the Company analyzes the primary third-party pricing service’s methodologies and related inputs and also evaluates the various types of securities in its investment portfolio to determine an appropriate fair value hierarchy.

Fair value measurements for assets and liabilities where there exists limited or no observable market data are calculated using the Company’s own estimates, based on current interest rates, credit spreads, liquidity premium or discount, the economic and competitive environment, unique characteristics of the asset or liability and other pertinent factors. Therefore, the results cannot be determined with precision and may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset or liability. Additionally, there may be inherent weaknesses in any calculation technique. Further, changes in the underlying assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows, could significantly affect the results of current or future values.

The Company’s own estimates of fair value are derived in a number of ways, including but not limited to: 1) pricing provided by brokers, where the price indicates reliability as to value; 2) fair values of comparable securities incorporating a spread adjustment for maturity differences, collateralization, credit quality, liquidity, and other items, if applicable; 3) discounted cash flow models and margin spreads; 4) bond yield curves; 5) observable market prices and exchange transaction information not provided by external pricing services; and 6) statement values provided to the Company by fund managers.

Following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for estimating fair value for financial instruments not recorded at fair value but for which fair value is disclosed.

Assets

Securities Available for Sale

Fixed maturities and equity securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices, if available. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are determined as described in the preceding paragraphs.

Short-Term Financial Assets

Short-term financial assets include cash and other short-term investments and are carried at historical cost. The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of the fair value because of the relatively short time between the purchase of the instrument and its expected repayment or maturity.

Loans

The Company does not record loans at fair value. As such, valuation techniques discussed herein for loans are primarily for estimating fair value for purpose of disclosure.

Fair values of mortgage loans on real estate properties are calculated by discounting contractual cash flows, using discount rates based on current industry pricing or the Company’s estimate of an appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate for loans of similar size, type, remaining maturity, likelihood of prepayment and repricing characteristics.

The Company also has loans made to policyholders. These loans cannot exceed the cash surrender value of the policy. Carrying value of policy loans approximates fair value.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

Liabilities

Investment-Type Liabilities Included in Policyholder Account Balances and Other Policyholder Funds

Fair values for liabilities under investment-type insurance contracts are based upon account value. The fair values of investment-type insurance contracts included with policyholder account balances for fixed deferred annuities and other policyholder funds for supplementary contracts without life contingencies are estimated to be their cash surrender values. The fair values of deposits with no stated maturity are equal to the amount payable on demand at the measurement date.

Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits (GMWB)

The Company offers a GMWB rider that can be added to new or existing variable annuity contracts. The rider provides an enhanced withdrawal benefit that guarantees a stream of income payments to an owner or annuitant, regardless of the contract account value. Fair value for GMWB rider contracts is a Level 3 valuation, as it is based on models which utilize significant unobservable inputs. These models require actuarial and financial market assumptions, which reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the contract, including adjustments for volatility, risk and issuer non-performance.

Notes Payable

The Company had no borrowings at March 31, 2011 or December 31, 2010.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

Categories Reported at Fair Value

The following tables present categories reported at fair value on a recurring basis.


	March 31, 2011
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3			Total
Assets:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	11,473	$	116,319	$	3,934		$	131,726
Federal agencies ¹		-		25,854		-			25,854
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹		-		131,960		-			131,960

Subtotal		11,473		274,133		3,934			289,540
Corporate obligations:
Industrial		-		407,569		26,180			433,749
Energy		-		161,511		2,230			163,741
Communications and technology		-		195,855		-			195,855
Financial		-		347,494		2,745			350,239
Consumer		-		420,382		24,758			445,140
Public utilities		-		312,907		-			312,907

Subtotal		-		1,845,718		55,913			1,901,631
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities		-		190,691		-			190,691
Municipal securities		-		146,706		5,157			151,863
Other		-		103,028		-			103,028
Redeemable preferred stocks		14,911		-		-			14,911

Fixed maturity securities		26,384		2,560,276		65,004			2,651,664

Equity securities		3,901		34,208		1,070			39,179

Total	$	30,285	$	2,594,484	$	66,074		$	2,690,843


Percent of total		1%		96%		3%			100%


Liabilities:
Other policyholder funds
Guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits	$	-	$	-	$	(2,931	)	$	(2,931	)

Total	$	-	$	-	$	(2,931	)	$	(2,931	)

¹	Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued


	December 31, 2010
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3			Total
Assets:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	11,544	$	119,624	$	3,974		$	135,142
Federal agencies ¹		-		26,095		-			26,095
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹		-		138,056		-			138,056

Subtotal		11,544		283,775		3,974			299,293
Corporate obligations:
Industrial		-		430,283		2,235			432,518
Energy		-		176,220		2,291			178,511
Communications and technology		-		172,946		-			172,946
Financial		-		347,884		2,775			350,659
Consumer		-		408,592		21,912			430,504
Public utilities		-		324,800		-			324,800

Subtotal		-		1,860,725		29,213			1,889,938
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities		-		195,055		-			195,055
Municipal securities		-		146,083		5,748			151,831
Other		-		81,136		16,866			98,002
Redeemable preferred stocks		14,769		-		-			14,769

Fixed maturity securities		26,313		2,566,774		55,801			2,648,888

Equity securities		3,871		33,270		1,180			38,321

Total	$	30,184	$	2,600,044	$	56,981		$	2,687,209


Percent of total		1%		97%		2%			100%


Liabilities:
Other policyholder funds
Guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits	$	-	$	-	$	(2,799	)	$	(2,799	)

Total	$	-	$	-	$	(2,799	)	$	(2,799	)

¹	Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The following table presents the fair value of fixed maturities and equity securities available for sale by pricing source and fair value hierarchy level.


	March 31, 2011
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Fixed maturities available for sale:
Priced from external pricing service	$	26,384	$	2,513,595	$	-	$	2,539,979
Priced from independent brokers		-		46,681		-		46,681
Priced from internal matrices and calculations		-		-		65,004		65,004

Subtotal		26,384		2,560,276		65,004		2,651,664

Equity securities available for sale:
Priced from external pricing service		3,901		7,033		-		10,934
Priced from independent brokers		-		-		-		-
Priced from internal matrices and calculations		-		27,175		1,070		28,245

Subtotal		3,901		34,208		1,070		39,179

Total	$	30,285	$	2,594,484	$	66,074	$	2,690,843

Percent of total		1%		96%		3%		100%


	December 31, 2010
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Fixed maturities available for sale:
Priced from external pricing service	$	26,313	$	2,537,287	$	-	$	2,563,600
Priced from independent brokers		-		29,487		-		29,487
Priced from internal matrices and calculations		-		-		55,801		55,801

Subtotal		26,313		2,566,774		55,801		2,648,888

Equity securities available for sale:
Priced from external pricing service		3,871		7,125		-		10,996
Priced from independent brokers		-		-		-		-
Priced from internal matrices and calculations		-		26,145		1,180		27,325

Subtotal		3,871		33,270		1,180		38,321

Total	$	30,184	$	2,600,044	$	56,981	$	2,687,209

Percent of total		1%		97%		2%		100%

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The changes in Level 1 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the first quarter ended March 31, 2011 and year ended December 31, 2010 are summarized below. The Company did not have any debt issuances in either period presented.


	Quarter Ended March 31, 2011
	Assets
	Fixed maturities available for sale			Equity securities available for sale		Total
Beginning balance	$	26,313		$	3,871	$	30,184
Included in earnings		(1	)		-		(1	)
Included in other comprehensive income		72			30		102
Purchases, sales and other dispositions:
Purchases		-			-		-
Sales		-			-		-
Other dipositions		-			-		-
Transfers into Level 1		-			-		-
Transfers out of Level 1		-			-		-

Ending balance	$	26,384		$	3,901	$	30,285


Net unrealized gains	$	72		$	30	$	102


	Year Ended December 31, 2010
	Assets
	Fixed maturities available for sale			Equity securities available for sale		Total
Beginning balance	$	23,540		$	3,400	$	26,940
Included in earnings		(5	)		-		(5	)
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)		1,335			298		1,633
Purchases and dispositions		145			173		318
Net transfers in		1,298			-		1,298

Ending balance	$	26,313		$	3,871	$	30,184


Net unrealized gains	$	1,469		$	298	$	1,767

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The changes in Level 2 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the first quarter ended March 31, 2011 and year ended December 31, 2010 are summarized below. The Company did not have any debt issuances in either period presented.


	Quarter Ended March 31, 2011
	Assets
	Fixed maturities available for sale			Equity securities available for sale			Total
Beginning balance	$	2,566,774		$	33,270		$	2,600,044
Included in earnings		598			-			598
Included in other comprehensive income		(314	)		(92	)		(406	)
Purchases, sales and other dispositions:
Purchases		77,324			1,030			78,354
Sales		(1,003	)		-			(1,003	)
Other dipositions		(70,470	)		-			(70,470	)
Transfers into Level 2		16,866			-			16,866
Transfers out of Level 2		(29,499	)		-			(29,499	)

Ending balance	$	2,560,276		$	34,208		$	2,594,484


Net unrealized gains (losses)	$	133		$	(92	)	$	41


	Year Ended December 31, 2010
	Assets
	Fixed maturities available for sale			Equity securities available for sale			Total
Beginning balance	$	2,393,258		$	32,439		$	2,425,697
Included in earnings		254			2			256
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)		107,131			116			107,247
Purchases and dispositions		72,999			713			73,712
Net transfers out		(6,868	)		-			(6,868	)

Ending balance	$	2,566,774		$	33,270		$	2,600,044


Net unrealized gains	$	103,635		$	189		$	103,824

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the first quarter ended March 31, 2011 and year ended December 31, 2010 are summarized below:


	Quarter Ended March 31, 2011
	Assets									Liabilities
	Fixed maturities available for sale			Equity securities available for sale			Total			GMWB
Beginning balance	$	55,801		$	1,180		$	56,981		$	(2,799	)
Included in earnings		(10	)		91			81			(211	)
Included in other comprehensive income		(720	)		(1	)		(721	)		-
Purchases, issuances, sales and other dispositions:
Purchases		-			-			-			-
Issuances		-			-			-			1
Sales		-			-			-			-
Other dipositions		(2,700	)		(200	)		(2,900	)		78
Transfers into Level 3		29,499			-			29,499			-
Transfers out of Level 3		(16,866	)		-			(16,866	)		-

Ending balance	$	65,004		$	1,070		$	66,074		$	(2,931	)


Net unrealized gains (losses)	$	(720	)	$	52		$	(668	)


	Year Ended December 31, 2010
	Assets									Liabilities
	Fixed maturities available for sale			Equity securities available for sale			Total			GMWB
Beginning balance	$	52,474		$	1,037		$	53,511		$	(1,642	)
Included in earnings		(4	)		-			(4	)		(1,217	)
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)		920			143			1,063			-
Purchases and dispositions		(3,159	)		-			(3,159	)		60
Net transfers in		5,570			-			5,570			-

Ending balance	$	55,801		$	1,180		$	56,981		$	(2,799	)


Net unrealized gains	$	922		$	143		$	1,065

The Company did not exclude any realized or unrealized gains or losses on items transferred into Level 3. Depending upon the availability of Level 1 or Level 2 pricing, specific securities may transfer into or out of Level 3.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The table below is a summary of fair value estimates as of March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2010 for financial instruments. The Company has not included assets and liabilities that are not financial instruments in this disclosure. The total of the fair value calculations presented do not represent, and should not be construed to represent, the underlying value of the Company.


	March 31, 2011				December 31, 2010
	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value
Assets:
Investments:
Fixed maturities available for sale	$	2,651,664	$	2,651,664	$	2,648,888	$	2,648,888
Equity securities available for sale		39,179		39,179		38,321		38,321
Mortgage loans		554,772		592,445		559,167		593,418
Policy loans		82,909		82,909		84,281		84,281
Cash and short-term investments		28,072		28,072		21,158		21,158
Separate account assets		351,401		351,401		339,029		339,029

Liabilities:
Individual and group annuities		1,045,183		1,024,528		1,037,331		1,017,135
Supplementary contracts without life contingencies		57,432		55,801		58,012		56,514
Separate account liabilities		351,401		351,401		339,029		339,029

4. Investments

Contractual Maturities

The following table provides the distribution of maturities for fixed maturity securities available for sale as of March 31, 2011. Expected maturities may differ from these contractual maturities since borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations.


	March 31, 2011
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	77,577	$	79,301
Due after one year through five years		586,412		619,851
Due after five years through ten years		944,382		1,004,026
Due after ten years		506,372		512,580
Securities with variable principal payments		414,855		420,995
Redeemable preferred stocks		14,866		14,911

	$	2,544,464	$	2,651,664

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

Realized Gains (Losses)

The following table provides detail concerning realized investment gains and losses by asset class for the first quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011			2010
Gross gains resulting from:
Sales of investment securities	$	311		$	1,003
Investment securities called and other		863			298

Total gross gains		1,174			1,301

Gross losses resulting from:
Investment securities called and other		(54	)		(88	)
Mortgage loans		(3	)		-

Total gross losses		(57	)		(88	)
Amortization of DAC and VOBA		(105	)		110

Net realized investment gains, exluding impairment losses		1,012			1,323


Net impairment losses recognized in earnings:
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses		(269	)		(1,591	)
Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income		58			5

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings		(211	)		(1,586	)

Realized investment gains (losses)	$	801		$	(263	)

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The following table provides amortized cost and fair value of securities by asset class at March 31, 2011.


	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized				Fair Value
	Amortized Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	126,178	$	5,945	$	397	$	131,726
Federal agencies ¹		24,127		1,727		-		25,854
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹		122,853		9,111		4		131,960

Subtotal		273,158		16,783		401		289,540
Corporate obligations:
Industrial		411,501		25,175		2,927		433,749
Energy		149,925		14,022		206		163,741
Communications and technology		187,562		9,025		732		195,855
Financial		338,326		15,201		3,288		350,239
Consumer		420,372		27,372		2,604		445,140
Public utilities		291,171		24,650		2,914		312,907

Subtotal		1,798,857		115,445		12,671		1,901,631
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities		198,601		2,030		9,940		190,691
Municipal securities		152,645		1,566		2,348		151,863
Other		106,337		5,146		8,455		103,028
Redeemable preferred stocks		14,866		360		315		14,911

Fixed maturity securities		2,544,464		141,330		34,130		2,651,664
Equity securities		37,214		2,081		116		39,179

Total	$	2,581,678	$	143,411	$	34,246	$	2,690,843

¹	Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The following table provides amortized cost and fair value of securities by asset class as of December 31, 2010.


	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized				Fair Value
	Amortized Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	128,280	$	7,180	$	318	$	135,142
Federal agencies ¹		24,144		1,951		-		26,095
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹		128,318		9,740		2		138,056

Subtotal		280,742		18,871		320		299,293
Corporate obligations:
Industrial		409,193		26,255		2,930		432,518
Energy		163,237		15,498		224		178,511
Communications and technology		164,499		9,243		796		172,946
Financial		341,520		14,161		5,022		350,659
Consumer		404,152		28,725		2,373		430,504
Public utilities		298,626		27,640		1,466		324,800

Subtotal		1,781,227		121,522		12,811		1,889,938
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities		209,529		2,352		16,826		195,055
Municipal securities		153,813		1,319		3,301		151,831
Other		100,548		5,193		7,739		98,002
Redeemable preferred stocks		14,866		343		440		14,769

Fixed maturity securities		2,540,725		149,600		41,437		2,648,888
Equity securities		36,293		2,165		137		38,321

Total	$	2,577,018	$	151,765	$	41,574	$	2,687,209

¹	Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

Proceeds From Sales of Investment Securities

The table below provides information regarding sales of fixed maturity securities, excluding maturities and calls, for the quarters ended March 31.


	2011		2010
Proceeds	$	10,143	$	12,729
Gross realized gains		311		1,004
Gross realized losses		-		-

Unrealized Losses on Investments

The Company reviews all security investments, with particular attention given to those having unrealized losses. Further, the Company specifically assesses all investments with greater than 10% declines in fair value below amortized cost and, in general, monitors all security investments as to ongoing risk. These risks are fundamentally evaluated through both a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the issuer. The Company also prepares a formal review document no less often than quarterly of all investments where fair value is less than 80% of amortized cost for six months or more and selected investments that have changed significantly from a previous period and that have a decline in fair value greater than 10% of amortized cost.

The Company has a policy and process in place to identify securities that could potentially have an impairment that is other-than-temporary. This process involves monitoring market events and other items that could impact issuers. The evaluation includes but is not limited to such factors as the issuer’s stated intent and ability to make all principal and interest payments when due, near-term business prospects, cash flow and liquidity, credit ratings, business climate, management changes and litigation and government actions. This process also involves monitoring several factors, including late payments, downgrades by rating agencies, key financial ratios, financial statements, revenue forecasts, asset quality and cash flow projections, as indicators of credit issues.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The Company considers relevant facts and circumstances in evaluating whether the impairment of a security is other-than-temporary. Relevant facts and circumstances considered are described in the Valuation of Investments section of Note 1 – Nature of Operations and Significant Accounting Policies of the Company’s 2010 Form 10-K.

To the extent the Company determines that a fixed maturity security is deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, the portion of the impairment that is deemed to be due to credit is charged to the Consolidated Statements of Income and the cost basis of the underlying investment is reduced. The portion of such impairment that is determined to be non-credit-related is deducted from net realized loss in the Consolidated Statements of Income and reflected in other comprehensive income and accumulated other comprehensive income, which is a component of stockholders’ equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

There are a number of significant risks and uncertainties inherent in the process of monitoring impairments, determining if an impairment is other-than-temporary and determining the portion of an other-than-temporary impairment that is due to credit. These risks and uncertainties are described in the Valuation of Investments Section of Note 1 of the Company’s 2010 Form 10-K.

Once a security is determined to have met certain of the criteria for consideration as being other-than-temporarily impaired, further information is gathered and evaluated pertaining to the particular security. If the security is an unsecured obligation, the additional research is a top-down approach with particular emphasis on the likelihood of the issuer to meet the contractual terms of the obligation. If the security is secured by an asset or guaranteed by another party, the value of the underlying secured asset or the financial ability of the third-party guarantor is evaluated as a secondary source of repayment. Such research is based upon a top-down approach, narrowing to the specific estimates of value and cash flow of the underlying secured asset or guarantor. If the security is a collateralized obligation, such as a mortgage-backed or other asset-backed instrument, research is also conducted to obtain and analyze the performance of the collateral relative to expectations at the time of acquisition and with regard to projections for the future. Such analyses are based upon historical results, trends, comparisons to collateral performance of similar securities and analyses performed by third parties. This information is used to develop projected cash flows that are compared to the amortized cost of the security.

If a determination is made that an unsecured security, secured security or security with a guaranty of payment by a third-party is other-than-temporarily impaired, an estimate is developed of the portion of such impairment that is due to credit. The estimate of the portion of impairment due to credit is based upon a comparison of ratings and maturity horizon for the security and relative historical default probabilities from one or more nationally recognized rating organizations. When appropriate for any given security, sector or period in the business cycle, the historical default probability is adjusted to reflect periods or situations of distress by adding to the default probability increments of standard deviations from mean historical results. The credit impairment analysis is supplemented by estimates of potential recovery values for the specific security, including the potential impact of the value of any secured assets, in the event of default. This information is used to determine the Company’s best estimate, derived from probability-weighted cash flows.

The Company has exposure to the municipal bond market. The Company’s investments in municipal bonds present unique considerations in evaluating other-than-temporary impairments. Judgments regarding whether a municipal debt security is other-than-temporarily impaired include analyzing a number of rather unique characteristics pertaining to the issuer. Municipalities possess unique powers, along with special legal standing and protections. These powers include the sovereign power to tax, access to one-time revenue sources, capacity to issue or restructure debt and the ability to shift spending to other authorities. In addition, state governments often provide secondary support to local governments in times of financial stress and the federal government has also provided assistance to state governments.

The evaluation of loan-backed and similar asset-backed securities, particularly including residential mortgage-backed securities, with significant indications of potential other-than-temporary impairment requires considerable use of estimates and judgment. Specifically, the Company performs discounted future cash flow projections on these securities to evaluate whether the value of the investment is expected to be fully realized. Projections of expected future cash flows are based upon considerations of the performance of the actual underlying assets, including historical delinquencies, defaults, severity of losses incurred, and prepayments, along with the Company’s estimates of future results for these factors. The Company’s estimates of future results are based upon actual historical performance of the underlying assets relative to historical, current and expected general economic conditions, specific conditions related to the underlying assets, industry data, and other factors that are believed to be relevant. If the present value of the projected expected future cash flows are determined to be below the Company’s carrying value, the Company recognizes an other-than-temporary impairment on the portion of the

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

carrying value that exceeds the projected expected future cash flows. To the extent that the loan-backed or other asset-backed securities remain high quality investments and do not otherwise demonstrate characteristics of impairment, the Company performs other initial evaluations to determine whether other-than-temporary cash flow evaluations need to be performed.

The discounted future cash flow calculation typically becomes the primary determinant of whether any portion and to what extent an unrealized loss is due to credit on loan-backed and similar asset-backed securities with significant indications of potential other-than-temporary impairment. Such indications typically include below investment grade ratings and significant unrealized losses for an extended period of time, among other factors. The Company identified 13 and 12 non-U.S. Agency mortgage-backed securities that had such indications as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. Discounted future cash flow analysis was performed for each of these securities to determine if any portion of the impairment was due to credit and deemed to be other-than-temporary. The discount rate used in calculating the present value of future cash flows was the investment yield at the time of purchase for each security. The initial default rates were assumed to remain constant over a 24-month time frame and grade down thereafter, reflecting the general perspective of a more stabilized residential housing environment in the future.

For loan-backed and similar asset-backed securities, the determination of any amount of impairment that is due to credit is based upon the present value of projected future cash flows being less than the amortized cost of the security, this amount is recognized as a realized loss in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income and the carrying value of the security is written down by the same amount. The portion of an impairment that is determined not to be due to credit is recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As part of the required accounting for unrealized gains and losses, the Company also adjusts the DAC and VOBA assets to recognize the adjustment to those assets as if the unrealized gains and losses from securities classified as available-for-sale actually had been realized.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The following table provides information regarding fixed maturity and equity security investments available for sale with unrealized losses by length of time as of March 31, 2011.


	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized
	Value		Losses		Value		Losses		Value		Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	9,669	$	366	$	2,194	$	31	$	11,863	$	397
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹		393		3		281		1		674		4

Subtotal		10,062		369		2,475		32		12,537		401
Corporate obligations:
Industrial		82,502		2,780		2,977		147		85,479		2,927
Energy		6,674		206		-		-		6,674		206
Communications and technology		49,644		732		-		-		49,644		732
Financial		25,137		504		34,373		2,784		59,510		3,288
Consumer		77,843		1,716		7,085		888		84,928		2,604
Public utilities		21,935		1,850		10,931		1,064		32,866		2,914

Total corporate obligations		263,735		7,788		55,366		4,883		319,101		12,671
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities		17,839		218		98,371		9,722		116,210		9,940
Municipal securities		66,816		1,883		7,425		465		74,241		2,348
Other		5,424		137		52,385		8,318		57,809		8,455
Redeemable preferred stocks		625		1		4,450		314		5,075		315

Fixed maturity securities		364,501		10,396		220,472		23,734		584,973		34,130

Equity securities		-		-		2,055		116		2,055		116

Total	$	364,501	$	10,396	$	222,527	$	23,850	$	587,028	$	34,246

¹	Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The following table provides information regarding fixed maturity and equity security investments available for sale with unrealized losses by length of time as of December 31, 2010.


	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized
	Value		Losses		Value		Losses		Value		Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	7,663	$	286	$	2,206	$	32	$	9,869	$	318
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹		16		1		281		1		297		2

Subtotal		7,679		287		2,487		33		10,166		320
Corporate obligations:
Industrial		76,795		2,825		3,023		105		79,818		2,930
Energy		7,848		224		-		-		7,848		224
Communications and technology		38,762		796		-		-		38,762		796
Financial		50,744		900		38,170		4,122		88,914		5,022
Consumer		67,690		1,444		14,931		929		82,621		2,373
Public utilities		24,165		1,204		4,394		262		28,559		1,466

Total corporate obligations		266,004		7,393		60,518		5,418		326,522		12,811
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities		-		-		96,581		16,826		96,581		16,826
Municipal securities		81,799		2,537		7,145		764		88,944		3,301
Other		5,379		182		54,488		7,557		59,867		7,739
Redeemable preferred stocks		618		8		4,333		432		4,951		440

Fixed maturity securities		361,479		10,407		225,552		31,030		587,031		41,437

Equity securities		-		-		2,034		137		2,034		137

Total	$	361,479	$	10,407	$	227,586	$	31,167	$	589,065	$	41,574

¹	Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

Gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity and equity security investments attributable to securities having gross unrealized losses of 12 months or longer was $23.9 million at March 31, 2011, a decrease from $31.2 million at December 31, 2010. The largest component of this decrease was from the corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities category, which decreased $7.1 million during the first quarter of 2011.

In addition, the Company also considers as part of its monitoring and evaluation process the length of time the fair value of a security is below amortized cost. At March 31, 2011, the Company had unrealized losses on its investment portfolio for fixed maturities and equity securities as follows:

•

124 security issues representing 71% of the issues with unrealized losses, including 95% being rated as investment grade, were below cost for less than one year;

•

14 security issues representing 8% of the issues with unrealized losses, including 57% being rated as investment grade, were below cost for one year or more and less than three years; and

•

37 security issues representing 21% of the issues with unrealized losses, including 57% being rated as investment grade, were below cost for three years or more.

At December 31, 2010, the Company had unrealized losses on its investment portfolio for fixed maturities and equity securities as follows:

•

130 security issues representing 69% of the issues with unrealized losses, including 94% being rated as investment grade, were below cost for less than one year;

•

18 security issues representing 10% of the issues with unrealized losses, including 56% being rated as investment grade, were below cost for one year or more and less than three years; and

•

39 security issues representing 21% of the issues with unrealized losses, including 49% being rated as investment grade, were below cost for three years or more.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The following table provides the distribution of maturities for fixed maturity securities available for sale with unrealized losses as of March 31, 2011. Expected maturities may differ from these contractual maturities since borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations.


	March 31, 2011
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Fixed maturity security securities available for sale:
Due in one year or less	$	28	$	-
Due after one year through five years		65,704		1,335
Due after five years through ten years		203,456		7,224
Due after ten years		193,821		15,312

Total		463,009		23,871
Securities with variable principal payments		116,889		9,944
Redeemable preferred stocks		5,075		315

Total	$	584,973	$	34,130

The following table provides a reconciliation of credit losses recognized in earnings on fixed maturity securities held by the Company for which a portion of the other-than-temporary loss was recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income as of March 31, 2011.


Credit losses on securities held at beginning of period in accumulated other comprehensive income	$	11,567
Additions for credit losses not previously recognized in other-than-temporary impairment		-
Additions for increases in the credit loss for which an other-than-temporary impairment previously was recognized and there was no intent to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis		211
Reductions for securities sold during the period (realized)		-
Reductions for securities previously recognized in other comprehensive income because of intent to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis		-
Reductions for increases in cash flows expected to be collected that are recognized over the remaining life of the security		(4	)

Credit losses on securities held at the end of period in accumulated other comprehensive income	$	11,774

Mortgage Loans

The Company invests on an ongoing basis in commercial mortgage loans that are secured by real estate. The Company had 16% of its invested assets in commercial mortgage loans as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. In addition to the subject collateral underlying the mortgage, the Company typically requires some amount of recourse from borrowers as another potential source of repayment. The recourse requirement is determined as part of the underwriting requirements of each loan. The Company added 13 new loans to the portfolio during the first three months of 2011, and 100% of these loans had some amount of recourse requirement. The average loan to value ratio for the overall portfolio was 48% and 49% at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, based upon the underwriting and appraisal of value at the time the loan was originated or acquired.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The following table summarizes the amount of mortgage loans held by the Company at March 31, 2011, segregated by year of origination.


	Carrying Amount			% of Total
Prior to 2002	$	46,827			9%
2003		46,228			8%
2004		38,474			7%
2005		61,333			11%
2006		49,308			9%
2007		40,618			7%
2008		45,583			8%
2009		56,389			10%
2010		153,468			28%
2011		19,954			4%
Allowance for loss		(3,410	)		(1%	)

Total	$	554,772			100%

The tables below identify mortgage loans by geographic location and property type as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.


	March 31			December 31
	2011			2010
	Carrying			Carrying
	Amount			Amount
Geographic region:
Pacific	$	130,661		$	134,892
West north central		125,711			122,228
West south central		108,516			106,093
Mountain		71,807			72,871
South atlantic		49,563			50,454
East north central		26,719			30,905
Middle atlantic		22,642			22,975
East south central		22,563			22,159
Allowance for loss		(3,410	)		(3,410	)

Total	$	554,772		$	559,167


Property type:
Industrial	$	253,701		$	263,621
Office		226,390			227,772
Medical		35,961			35,223
Other		42,130			35,961
Allowance for loss		(3,410	)		(3,410	)

Total	$	554,772		$	559,167

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The following table identifies the concentration of mortgage loans by state greater than 5% as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.


	March 31						December 31
	2011						2010
	Carrying			%			Carrying			%
	Amount			of Total			Amount			of Total
California	$	112,134			20%		$	115,766			21%
Texas		87,576			16%			81,903			15%
Minnesota		55,808			10%			56,537			10%
Florida		28,430			5%			28,770			5%
All others		274,234			50%			279,601			50%
Allowance for loss		(3,410	)		(1%	)		(3,410	)		(1%	)

Total	$	554,772			100%		$	559,167			100%

The table below identifies the carrying amount of mortgage loans by maturity as of March 31, 2011.


	March 31 2011
Mortgage loans by maturity:
Due in one year or less	$	24,692
Due after one year through five years		170,178
Due after five years through ten years		226,665
Due after ten years		136,647
Allowance for loss		(3,410	)

Total	$	554,772

The Company may refinance commercial mortgage loans prior to contractual maturity as a means of originating new loans that meet the Company’s underwriting and pricing parameters. The Company refinanced loans with outstanding balances of $7.8 million and $0.7 million during the first quarters of 2011 and 2010, respectively.

In the normal course of business, the Company commits to fund commercial mortgage loans generally up to 120 days in advance. The Company had commitments to originate mortgage loans of $14.4 million at March 31, 2011 with fixed interest rates ranging from 5.00% to 6.625%. These commitments generally have fixed expiration dates. A small percentage of commitments expire due to the borrower’s failure to deliver the requirements of the commitment by the expiration date. In these cases, the Company may retain the commitment fee.

In December 2009, a construction-to-permanent loan in the amount of $16.0 million was executed. In the second quarter of 2010, the Company issued a second construction-to-permanent loan in the amount of $1.8 million. At March 31, 2011, $15.9 million had been disbursed for the two construction loans, with an unfunded amount of $1.9 million. Both projects are scheduled for completion of construction by mid-2011. In addition, during the first quarter of 2011, the Company issued a third construction-to-permanent loan in the amount of $2.8 million. Upon completion of construction and fulfillment of occupancy requirements, the loans will convert to long-term, fixed rate permanent loans.

5. Financing Receivables

The Company has financing receivables as defined in Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-20 “Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses.”

The Company has several categories of receivables, not all of which meet the definition of a financing receivable as defined under the guidance. The Company has both long-term receivables and short-term receivables which might otherwise meet the definition, except that short-term receivables are specifically excluded under the guidance. To qualify as a financing receivable, a receivable must have both a specific maturity date, either on demand or on a fixed or determinable date, and it must be recognized as an asset in the Company’s statement of financial position. In addition, certain investments in mortgage loans and policy loans were evaluated to determine whether they meet the definition of a financing receivable.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The table below identifies the Company’s financing receivables by classification amount as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.


	March 31		December 31
	2011		2010
Receivables:
Agent receivables, net (allowance $1,303; $644 - 2010)	$	2,430	$	2,677
Investment-related financing receivables:
Mortgage loans, net (allowance $3,410; $3,410 - 2010)		554,772		559,167

Total financing receivables	$	557,202	$	561,844

Agent Receivables

The Company has agent receivables which are classified as financing receivables and which are reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts. These receivables are long-term in nature, are trade receivables with the Company’s sales force, contain specifically agreed contracts and are specifically assessed as to the collectability of each receivable. The Company’s gross agent receivables totaled $3.7 million at March 31, 2011 and the Company maintained an allowance for doubtful accounts totaling $1.3 million. Gross agent receivables totaled $3.3 million with an allowance for doubtful accounts of $0.6 million at December 31, 2010. The Company has two types of agent receivables included in this category as follows:

•

Agent specific loans. At March 31, 2011, these loans totaled $0.2 million with a minimal allowance for doubtful accounts. At December 31, 2010, agent specific loans totaled $0.3 million and also had a minimal allowance for doubtful accounts.

•

Various agent commission advances and other commission receivables. Gross agent receivables in this category totaled $3.5 million, and the Company maintained an allowance for doubtful accounts of $1.3 million at March 31, 2011. Gross agent receivables totaled $3.0 million and the allowance for doubtful accounts was $0.6 million at December 31, 2010.

Mortgage Loans

The Company considers its mortgage loan portfolio to be long-term financing receivables. Mortgage loans are stated at cost, net of allowance for potential future losses. Mortgage loan interest income is recognized on an accrual basis with any premium or discount amortized over the life of the loan. Prepayment and late fees are recorded on the date of collection. Loans in foreclosure, loans considered impaired or loans past due 90 days or more are placed on a non-accrual status.

If a mortgage loan is determined to be on non-accrual status, the mortgage loan does not accrue any revenue into the Consolidated Statements of Income. The loan is independently monitored and evaluated as to potential impairment or foreclosure. This evaluation includes assessing the probability of receiving future cash flows, along with consideration of many of the factors described below. If delinquent payments are made and the loan is brought current, then the Company returns the loan to active status and accrues income accordingly.

Generally, the Company considers its mortgage loans to be a portfolio segment. The Company considers its primary class to be property type. The Company primarily uses loan-to-value as its credit risk quality indicator but also monitors additional secondary risk factors, such as geographic distribution both on a regional and specific state basis. The mortgage loan portfolio segment is presented by property-type in a table in this section. In addition, geographic distributions for both regional and significant state concentrations are also presented. These measures are also supplemented with various other analytics to provide additional information concerning mortgage loans and management’s assessment of financing receivables.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The following table presents an aging schedule for delinquent payments for both principal and interest as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, by class.


			Amount of Payments Past Due
March 31, 2011	Carrying Value		30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90+ Days		Total
Industrial	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-
Medical		-		-		-		-		-
Office		2,187		22		-		-		22
Other		-		-		-		-		-

Total	$	2,187	$	22	$	-	$	-	$	22


December 31, 2010
Industrial	$	1,187	$	11	$	-	$	-	$	11
Medical		-		-		-		-		-
Office		2,219		22		-		-		22
Other		-		-		-		-		-

Total	$	3,406	$	33	$	-	$	-	$	33

As of March 31, 2011, there was one mortgage loan that was 30 days past due. Subsequently, payment was received and the loan was brought current in April 2011.

The allowance for losses on mortgage loans is maintained at a level believed by management to be adequate to absorb estimated losses. Management’s periodic evaluation and assessment of the adequacy of the reserve is based on known and inherent risks in the portfolio, historical and industry data, current economic conditions and other relevant factors. A loan is considered impaired if it is probable that contractual amounts due will not be collected.

The Company monitors and evaluates the allowance for losses on mortgage loans using a process that includes many factors, as detailed in the Financial Receivable – Mortgage Loans section of Note 3 – Investments of the Company’s 2010 Form 10-K.

These categories are generally monitored on an individual and aggregate basis to determine that the appropriate level of allowance for losses on mortgage loans is maintained. The Company’s allowance for losses on mortgage loans was $3.4 million at March 31, 2011. Generally, the Company establishes the allowance for losses on mortgage loans using the collectively evaluated impairment methodology. The Company has not acquired any mortgage loans with deteriorated credit quality.

There are a number of significant risks and uncertainties inherent in the process of monitoring impairments on loans. These risks include but are not limited to:

•

The risk that the Company’s assessment of a borrower to meet all of its contractual obligations will change based on changes in the credit characteristics of the borrower or property;

•

The risk that the economic outlook will be worse than expected or have more of an impact on the borrower than anticipated;

•

The risk that the performance of the underlying property could deteriorate in the future;

•

The risk that fraudulent, inaccurate or misleading information could be provided to the Company;

•

The risk that the methodology or assumptions used to develop estimates of the portion of the impairment of the loan prove over time to be inaccurate; and

•

The risk that other facts and circumstances change such that it becomes more likely than not that the Company will not obtain all of it contractual payments.

To the extent the Company’s review and valuation determines a mortgage loan is impaired, that amount is charged to the allowance for losses on mortgage loans and the loan balance is reduced. In the event the property is foreclosed upon, the carrying value is written down to the lesser of the current fair value less costs to sell, or book value of the property with a charge to the allowance for losses on mortgage loans and a corresponding reduction to the mortgage loan asset.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

Over the past three years, the Company has had one mortgage loan default, which occurred in the fourth quarter of 2010. The Company completed the foreclosure on this loan in the fourth quarter of 2010 with no impairment recorded due to the fair value of the property being greater than its book value. Based in part on the above factors, the Company has determined that it does not have any impairments in its portfolio. The Company had no loans that were restructured or modified in 2011.

The following table details the activity of the collectively evaluated allowance for losses on mortgage loans as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.


	March		December
	2011		2010
Beginning of year	$	3,410	$	3,410
Additions		-		-
Deductions		-		-

End of period	$	3,410	$	3,410

6. Variable Interest Entities

The Company invests in certain affordable housing and real estate joint ventures which are considered to be variable interest entities (VIEs) and are included in Real Estate in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The assets held in affordable housing real estate joint venture VIEs are primarily residential real estate properties that are restricted to provide affordable housing under federal or state programs for varying periods of time. The restrictions primarily apply to the rents that may be paid by tenants residing in the properties during the term of an agreement to remain in the affordable housing program. Investments in real estate joint ventures are equity interests in partnerships or limited liability corporations that may or may not participate in profits or residual value. In certain cases, the Company may issue fixed-rate senior mortgage loan investments secured by properties controlled by VIEs. These investments are classified as mortgage loans in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the income received from such investments is recorded as investment income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Investments in the affordable housing real estate and real estate joint ventures are interests that will absorb portions of the VIE’s expected losses or receive portions of expected residual returns of the VIE’s net assets exclusive of variable interests. The Company makes an initial assessment of whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time of the initial investment and on an ongoing basis thereafter. The Company considers many factors when making this determination based upon a review of the underlying investment agreement and other information related to the specific investment. The first factor is whether the Company has the ability to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance. The power to direct the activities of the VIE is generally vested in the managing general partner or managing member of the VIE, which is not the position held by the Company in these investments. Other factors include the entity’s equity investment at risk, decision-making abilities, obligations to absorb economic risks and the right to receive economic rewards of the entity; and the extent to which the Company shares in the VIE’s expected losses and residual returns.

Most of the Company’s investment interests in VIEs not in the form of a fixed-rate senior mortgage debt investment are recorded using the equity method, with cash distributions from the VIE and cash contributions to the VIE recorded as decreases or increases, respectively, in the carrying value of the VIE. Certain other equity investments in VIEs, where permitted, are recorded on an amortized cost basis. The operating performance of investments in the VIE is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Income as investment income or as a component of income tax expense, depending upon the nature and primary design of the investment. The Company evaluates the carrying value of VIEs for impairment on an ongoing basis to assess whether the carrying value is expected to be realized during the anticipated life of the investment. Fixed-rate senior mortgage debt investments secured by properties controlled by VIEs are classified as commercial mortgages, and income received from such investments is recorded as investment income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The following table presents the carrying amount and maximum exposure to loss relating to VIEs for which the Company holds a variable interest, but is not the primary beneficiary, and which have not been consolidated at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. The table includes investments in eleven real estate joint ventures and 28 affordable housing real estate joint ventures as of March 31, 2011 and investments in ten real estate joint ventures and 28 affordable housing real estate joint ventures as of December 31, 2010.


	March 31				December 31
	2011				2010
			Maximum				Maximum
	Carrying		Exposure		Carrying		Exposure
	Amount		to Loss		Amount		to Loss
Real estate joint ventures	$	35,350	$	35,350	$	35,089	$	35,089
Affordable housing real estate joint ventures		21,488		63,408		21,129		63,444

Total	$	56,838	$	98,758	$	56,218	$	98,533

The maximum exposure to loss relating to the real estate joint ventures and affordable housing real estate joint ventures, as shown in the table above, is equal to the carrying amounts plus any unfunded equity commitments, exposure to potential recapture of tax credits, guarantees of debt or other obligations of the VIE with recourse to the Company. Unfunded equity and loan commitments typically require financial or operating performance by other parties and have not yet become due or payable but which may become due in the future. As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company had $8.1 million and $9.2 million, respectively, in fixed-rate senior mortgage loan commitments outstanding to the benefit of entities that are also real estate joint venture VIEs. The loan commitments are included in the discussion of commitments in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for both periods. The Company also has contingent commitments to fund additional equity contributions and operating support to certain real estate joint venture VIEs, which could result in additional exposure to loss. However, the Company is not able to quantify the amount of these contingent commitments.

In addition, the maximum exposure to loss on affordable housing joint ventures as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 includes $12.7 million and $12.0 million, respectively, of losses which could be realized if the tax credits received by the VIEs were recaptured. Recapture events would cause the Company to reverse some or all of the benefit previously recognized by the Company or third parties to whom the tax credit interests were transferred. A recapture event can occur at any time during a 15-year required compliance period. The principal causes of recapture include financial default and non-compliance with affordable housing program requirements by the properties controlled by the VIE. The potential exposure due to recapture may be mitigated by guarantees from the managing member or managing partner in the VIE, insurance contracts, or changes in the residual value accruing to the Company’s interests in the VIEs.

7. Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income is comprised of net income and other comprehensive income. Other comprehensive income includes the unrealized investment gains or losses on securities available for sale (net of adjustments for realized investment gains or losses) net of adjustments to DAC, VOBA and policyholder account balances. In addition, other comprehensive income includes the change in the liability for benefit plan obligations. Other comprehensive income reflects these items net of tax.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The table below provides information about comprehensive income for the first quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.


	Quarter Ended
	March 31
	2011			2010
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the year	$	(118	)	$	39,807
Less:
Net realized investment gains (losses), excluding impairment losses		1,120			1,213
Other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings		(269	)		(1,591	)
Other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in other comprehensive income		58			5

Net unrealized gains (losses) excluding impairment losses		(1,027	)		40,180
Effect on DAC and VOBA		67			(14,059	)
Policyholder account balances		1,117			(1,881	)
Deferred income taxes		(55	)		(8,484	)

Other comprehensive income		102			15,756
Net income		4,791			963

Comprehensive income	$	4,893		$	16,719

The following table provides accumulated balances related to each component of accumulated other comprehensive income at March 31, 2011.


	Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Non-Impaired Securities			Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Impaired Securities			Benefit Plan Obligations			DAC/ VOBA Impact			Policyholder Account Balances			Tax Effect			Total
Beginning of year	$	122,424		$	(12,231	)	$	(55,980	)	$	(35,538	)	$	(7,430	)	$	(3,438	)	$	7,807
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(6,201	)		5,174			-			67			1,117			(55	)		102

End of period	$	116,223		$	(7,057	)	$	(55,980	)	$	(35,471	)	$	(6,313	)	$	(3,493	)	$	7,909

8. Notes Payable

The Company had no notes payable at March 31, 2011 or December 31, 2010.

As a member of the FHLB with a capital investment of $4.8 million, the Company has the ability to borrow on a collateralized basis from the FHLB. The Company received dividends on the capital investment of less than $0.1 million in both the first quarter of 2011 and 2010.

The Company has unsecured revolving lines of credit of $60.0 million with two major commercial banks with no balances outstanding and which are at variable interest rates based upon short-term indices. These lines of credit will expire in June of 2011. The Company anticipates renewing these lines as they come due.

9. Income Per Share

Due to the Company’s capital structure and the absence of other potentially dilutive securities, there is no difference between basic and diluted earnings per common share for any of the periods reported. The average numbers of shares outstanding were 11,467,208 and 11,526,435 for the quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

10. Income Taxes

The first quarter income tax expense was $2.5 million or 34% of income before tax for 2011, versus $2.0 million or 68% of income before tax for the prior year period.

The effective income tax rate in 2011 was less than the prevailing corporate federal income tax rate of 35% primarily due to permanent differences, including the dividends-received deduction, which resulted in a tax benefit of approximately 2% of income before tax. Partially offsetting the benefit from the permanent differences was a tax expense of approximately 1% of income before tax related to affordable housing investments.

The effective income tax rate in 2010 exceeded the prevailing corporate federal income tax rate of 35% primarily due to additional tax expense incurred with respect to affordable housing investments. Affordable housing investments increased the tax rate by $1.1 million or 38% of income before tax and relates primarily to tax credit recapture events. Permanent differences, primarily from the dividends-received deduction, partially offset the adjustments related to affordable housing and resulted in a benefit of approximately 5% of income before tax.

At March 31, 2011, the Company had a $0.6 million current tax liability and a $53.3 million deferred tax liability compared to a $0.2 million current tax liability and a $53.3 million deferred tax liability at December 31, 2010.

11. Segment Information

The Company has three reportable business segments, which are defined based on the nature of the products and services offered: Individual Insurance, Group Insurance and Old American. The Individual Insurance segment consists of individual insurance products for both Kansas City Life and Sunset Life. The Individual Insurance segment is marketed through a nationwide sales force of independent general agents and third-party marketing arrangements. The Group segment consists of sales of group life, dental, vision and long-term and short-term disability products. This segment is marketed through a nationwide sales force of independent general agents, group brokers and third-party marketing arrangements. The Old American segment consists of individual insurance products designed largely as final expense products. These products are marketed through a nationwide general agency sales force with exclusive territories, using direct response marketing to supply agents with leads.

Separate investment portfolios are maintained for each of the three life insurance companies. However, investment assets and income are allocated to the Group Insurance segment based upon its cash flows and future policy benefit liabilities. Most home office functions are fully integrated for all segments in order to maximize economies of scale. Therefore, operating expenses are allocated to the segments based upon internal cost studies, which are consistent with industry cost methodologies.

Inter-segment revenues are not material. The Company operates solely in the United States and no individual customer accounts for 10% or more of the Company’s revenue.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

The following schedule provides the financial performance of each of the three reportable operating segments of the Company.


		Individual Insurance		Group Insurance			Old American			Intercompany Eliminations ¹			Consolidated
Insurance revenues:
First quarter:	2011	$	30,732	$	12,554		$	16,708		$	(135	)	$	59,859
	2010	$	33,528	$	12,248		$	16,012		$	(131	)	$	61,657
Net investment income:
First quarter:	2011	$	42,113	$	145		$	3,133		$	-		$	45,391
	2010	$	40,095	$	151		$	3,058		$	-		$	43,304
Net income (loss):
First quarter:	2011	$	6,105	$	(400	)	$	(914	)	$	-		$	4,791
	2010	$	1,900	$	(534	)	$	(403	)	$	-		$	963

Elimination entries to remove intercompany transactions for life and accident and health insurance that the Company purchases for its employees and agents were as follows: insurance revenues from the Group Insurance segment and operating expenses from the Individual Insurance segment to arrive at Consolidated Statements of Income.

12. Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits

The following table provides the components of net periodic benefit cost for the first quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010:


	Pension Benefits						Other Benefits
	Quarter Ended						Quarter Ended
	March 31						March 31
	2011			2010			2011			2010
Service cost	$	-		$	473		$	161		$	204
Interest cost		1,871			1,819			387			458
Expected return on plan assets		(2,342	)		(2,159	)		(9	)		(11	)
Amortization of:
Unrecognized actuarial gain (loss)		896			1,034			4			(59	)
Unrecognized prior service cost		-			(142	)		(68	)		(57	)

Net periodic benefit cost	$	425		$	1,025		$	475		$	535

13. Share-Based Payment

The Company has a long-term incentive plan for senior management that provides a cash award to participants for the increase in the share price of the Company’s common stock through units (phantom shares) assigned by the Board of Directors. The cash award is calculated over a three-year interval on a calendar year basis. At the conclusion of each three-year interval, participants will receive a cash award based on the increase in the share price during a defined measurement period, times the number of units. The increase in the share price will be determined based on the change in the share price from the beginning to the end of the three-year interval. Dividends are accrued and paid at the end of each three-year interval to the extent that they exceed negative stock price appreciation. Plan payments are contingent on the continued employment of the participant unless termination is due to a qualifying event such as death, disability or retirement. The Company does not make payments in shares, warrants or options.

No payments were made under this plan during quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

At each reporting period, an estimate of the share-based compensation expense is accrued, utilizing the share price at the period end. Accruals of share-based compensation as operating expense in each of the first quarters of 2011 and 2010 were $0.1 million, net of tax.

14. Separate Accounts

Separate account assets and liabilities arise from the sale of variable universal life insurance and variable annuity products. The separate account represents funds segregated for the benefit of certain policyholders who assume the investment risk. The assets are legally segregated and are not subject to claims which may arise from any other business of the Company. The separate account assets and liabilities, which are equal, are recorded at fair value based upon net asset value (NAV). Policyholder account deposits and withdrawals, investment income and realized investment gains and losses are excluded from the amounts reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Revenues to the Company from separate accounts consist principally of contract charges, which include maintenance charges, administrative fees and mortality and risk charges.

The Company has a guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit (GMWB) rider that can be added to new or existing variable annuity contracts. The rider provides an enhanced withdrawal benefit that guarantees a stream of income payments to an owner or annuitant, regardless of the contract account value. The value of variable annuity separate accounts with the GMWB rider was $84.7 million at March 31, 2011 (December 31, 2010 - $80.3 million) and the guarantee liability was ($2.9) million at March 31, 2011 (December 31, 2010 - ($2.8) million). The value of the GMWB rider is recorded at fair value. The change in this value is included in policyholder benefits in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The value of variable annuity separate accounts with the GMWB rider is recorded in separate account liabilities and the value of the rider is included in other policyholder funds in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The determination of fair value of the GMWB liability requires models that use actuarial and financial market assumptions, which reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the contract, including adjustments for risk and issuer non-performance.

Guarantees are offered under variable universal life and variable annuity contracts: a guaranteed minimum death benefit (GMDB) rider is available on certain variable universal life contracts and GMDB are provided on all variable annuities. The GMDB rider for variable universal life and variable annuity contracts guarantees the death benefit for specified periods of time, regardless of investment performance, provided cumulative premium requirements are met. The total reserve held for the variable annuity GMDB at March 31, 2011 was $0.2 million (December 31, 2010 - $0.3 million).

15. Commitments

In the normal course of business, the Company has open purchase and sale commitments. At March 31, 2011, the Company had purchase commitments to fund mortgage loans and other investments of $22.9 million and sales of real estate investments for $0.4 million. At March 31, 2011 the Company also had commitments to fund three construction-to-permanent loans of $4.8 million that are subject to the borrower’s performance.

Subsequent to March 31, 2011, the Company entered into commitments to fund additional mortgage loans of $1.2 million. The Company has funded $0.5 million of the commitments on the construction-to-permanent loans that were outstanding at March 31, 2011 as well as funded $0.2 million of the affordable housing purchases.

16. Contingent Liabilities

The life insurance industry, including the Company, has been subject to an increase in litigation in recent years. Such litigation has been pursued on behalf of purported classes of policyholders and other claims and legal actions in jurisdictions where juries often award punitive damages, which may be grossly disproportionate to actual damages.

Although no assurances can be given and no determinations can be made at this time, management believes that the ultimate liability of these claims and actions, if any, would not have a material effect on the Company’s business, results of operations or financial position.

17. Guarantees and Indemnifications

The Company is subject to various indemnification obligations issued in conjunction with certain transactions, primarily assumption reinsurance agreements, stock purchase agreements, mortgage servicing agreements, tax credit assignment agreements, construction and lease guarantees and borrowing agreements whose terms range in duration and often are not explicitly defined. Generally, a maximum obligation is not explicitly stated. Therefore, the overall maximum amount of the

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)–Continued

obligation under the indemnifications cannot be reasonably estimated. The Company is unable to estimate with certainty the ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to these indemnifications. The Company believes that the likelihood is remote that material payments would be required under such indemnifications and therefore such indemnifications would not result in a material adverse effect on the financial position or results of operations.

18. Subsequent Events

On April 25, 2011, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.27 per share that will be paid May 11, 2011 to stockholders of record as of May 5, 2011.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Amounts are stated in thousands, except share data, or as otherwise noted.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is intended to provide in narrative form the perspective of the management of Kansas City Life Insurance Company (the Company) on its financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and certain other factors that may affect its future results. The following is a discussion and analysis of the results of operations for the quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 and the financial condition of the Company as of March 31, 2011. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in this document, as well as the Company’s 2010 Form 10-K.

Overview

Kansas City Life Insurance Company is a financial services company that is predominantly focused on the underwriting, sales, and administration of life and annuity insurance products. The consolidated entity (the Company) primarily consists of three life insurance companies. Kansas City Life Insurance Company (Kansas City Life) is the parent company. Sunset Life Insurance Company of America (Sunset Life) and Old American Insurance Company (Old American) are wholly-owned subsidiaries.

Kansas City Life markets individual insurance products, including traditional, interest sensitive and variable products through a nationwide sales force of independent general agents and third-party marketing arrangements. Kansas City Life also markets group insurance products, which include life, dental, vision and disability products through its sales force of independent general agents, group brokers and third-party marketing arrangements. Kansas City Life operates in 48 states and the District of Columbia.

Sunset Life is a life insurance company that maintains its current block of business, but does not solicit new sales. Sunset Life is included in the Individual Insurance segment and its individual insurance products include traditional and interest sensitive products. Sunset Life operates in 43 states and the District of Columbia.

Old American focuses on selling final expense life insurance products to the senior market. Old American markets its products nationwide through a general agency system, with exclusive territories, using direct response marketing to supply agents with leads. Old American’s administrative and accounting operations are part of the Company’s home office but it operates and maintains a separate marketing function and independent field force. Old American operates in 47 states and the District of Columbia.

The Company offers investment products and broker dealer services through its subsidiary Sunset Financial Services, Inc. (SFS) for both proprietary and non-proprietary variable insurance products, mutual funds and other securities.

The Company operates in the life insurance sector of the financial services industry in the United States. This industry is highly competitive with respect to pricing, selection of products and quality of service. No single competitor or any small group of competitors dominates any of the markets in which the Company operates.

The Company earns revenues primarily from premiums received from the sale of life, immediate annuity and accident and health policies, from earnings on its investment portfolio and from the sale of investment assets. Revenues from the sale of traditional life insurance, immediate annuity products and accident and health products are reported as premium income for financial statement purposes. Considerations for supplementary contracts with life contingencies are reported as part of other revenues. However, deposits received from the sale of interest sensitive products, namely universal life insurance products, fixed deferred annuities, variable universal life, variable annuities and supplementary contracts without life contingencies, are not reported as premium revenues. These are instead reported as additions to the policyholders’ account balances and are reflected as deposits in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Accordingly, revenues on these products are recognized over time in the form of contract charges assessed against policyholder account balances, charges assessed on the early surrender of policyholder account balances and other charges deducted from policyholders’ balances.

The Company’s profitability depends on many factors, which include but are not limited to:

•

The sale of life, annuity, and accident and health products;

•

The rate of mortality, lapse and surrenders of future policy benefits and policyholder account balances;

•

The rate of morbidity, disability and incurrence of other policyholder benefits;

•

Persistency of existing insurance policies;

•

Interest rates credited to policyholders;

•

The effectiveness of reinsurance programs;

•

The amount of investment assets under management;

•

Investment spreads earned on policyholder account balances;

•

The ability to maximize investment returns and minimize risks such as interest rate risk, credit risk and equity risk;

•

Timely and cost-effective access to liquidity; and

•

Management of distribution costs and operating expenses.

Strong sales competition, highly competitive products and a challenging economic environment present significant challenges to the Company from a new sales perspective. The Company’s primary emphasis is on expanding sales of individual life insurance products. The Company’s continued focus is on delivering competitive products for a reasonable cost, prompt customer service, excellent financial strength and effective sales and marketing support to the field force.

The Company generates cash largely through premiums collected from the sale of insurance products, deposits through the sale of universal life-type and deposit-type products and through investment activity. The principal uses of cash are for the insurance operations, including the purchase of investments, payment of insurance benefits and withdrawals from policyholder accounts, operating expenses, premium taxes, and costs related to acquiring new business. In addition, cash is used to pay income taxes and stockholder dividends, as well as to fund potential acquisition opportunities.

General economic conditions may affect future results. Interim results are not indicative of results for the entire year and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2010 Form 10-K. Market fluctuations, often extreme in nature, in recent periods have significantly impacted the financial markets and the Company’s investments and revenues. The interest rate and credit environments have presented significant challenges to the financial markets as a whole and specifically to companies invested in fixed maturity and equity securities. These conditions have improved in the most recent reporting periods, but the improvements have been uneven and the stressed economic and market environment may persist into the future. The Company is broadly diversified and has high quality investments, as 94% of all fixed maturity securities were rated by national rating organizations as investment grade at March 31, 2011.

Cautionary Statement on Forward-Looking Information

This report reviews the Company’s financial condition and results of operations, and historical information is presented and discussed. Where appropriate, factors that may affect future financial performance are also identified and discussed. Certain statements made in this report include “forward-looking statements” that fall within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include any statement that may predict, forecast, indicate or imply future results, performance or achievements rather than historical facts and may contain words like “believe,” “expect,” “estimate,” “project,” “forecast,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “will,” “shall,” and other words, phrases or expressions with similar meaning.

Actual results may differ materially from those included in the forward-looking statements as a result of risks and uncertainties. Those risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the risk factors listed in Item 1A. Risk Factors and Cautionary Factors that may Affect Future Results as filed in the Company’s 2010 Form 10-K.

Consolidated Results of Operations

Summary of Results

The Company’s net income in the first quarter of 2011 was $4.8 million, an increase of $3.8 million from the same quarter in the prior year. Net income per share was $0.42 per share versus $0.08 per share in the first quarter of 2010. The increase in net income for the first quarter of 2011 reflected increases in life and accident and health premiums and net investment income, along with decreases in benefit and contract reserves and operating expenses. In addition, net realized investment gains increased, as the Company experienced a net realized investment gain in the first quarter of 2011, compared to a net realized investment loss in the first quarter of 2010. Partially offsetting these favorable items was a decrease in immediate annuity premiums and an increase in death benefits, net of reinsurance.

Sales

The Company measures sales in terms of new premiums and deposits. Sales of traditional life insurance, immediate annuities and accident and health products are reported as premium income for financial statement purposes. Deposits received from

the sale of interest sensitive products, including universal life insurance, fixed deferred annuities, variable universal life, variable annuities and supplementary contracts without life contingencies are reflected as deposits in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

The Company’s marketing plan for individual products focuses on providing financial security with respect to life insurance, accumulation and retirement income needs. The primary emphasis is on the growth of individual life insurance business, including new premiums for individual life products and new deposits for universal life and variable universal life products.

Sales are primarily made through the Company’s existing sales force. The Company emphasizes growth of the sales force with the addition of new general agents and agents. The Company believes that increased sales will result through both the number and productivity of general agents and agents. In addition, the Company has placed an emphasis on training and direct support to the field force. The Company selectively utilizes third-party marketing arrangements to enhance its sales objectives. This allows the Company flexibility to identify niches or pursue unique avenues in the existing market environment and to react quickly to take advantage of opportunities when they occur.

The Company also markets a series of group products. These products include group life, dental, disability, and vision products. The primary growth strategies for these products include increased productivity of the existing group representatives, planned expansion of the group distribution system and also to selectively utilize third-party marketing arrangements. Further, growth is to be supported by the addition of new products to the portfolio, particularly voluntary-type products.

The following table presents gross premiums included in insurance revenues and provides detail by new and renewal business for the first quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010. New premiums are also detailed by product.


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011			% Change			2010			% Change
New premiums:
Individual life insurance	$	4,411			12		$	3,934			20
Immediate annuities		2,709			(50	)		5,386			24
Group life insurance		494			(21	)		629			39
Group accident and health insurance		3,624			9			3,327			39

Total new premiums		11,238			(15	)		13,276			27
Renewal premiums		35,446			2			34,653			(4	)

Total premiums		46,684			(3	)		47,929			3
Reinsurance ceded		(13,059	)		1			(12,946	)		3

Premiums, net	$	33,625			(4	)	$	34,983			3

Consolidated total premiums decreased $1.2 million or 3% in the first quarter of 2011 versus the same period in the prior year, as total new premiums decreased $2.0 million or 15% and total renewal premiums increased $0.8 million or 2%. The decrease in total new premiums was due to a $2.7 million or 50% decrease in immediate annuities. This decrease was largely the result of elevated sales of this product in 2010 due to the demand of guaranteed benefits by consumers at that time. New individual life insurance premiums increased $0.5 million or 12%, primarily reflecting a 16% increase in new premiums in the Old American segment. The increase in new premiums from the Old American segment primarily reflects expanded distribution and greater field force productivity. New group accident and health premiums increased $0.3 million or 9%, primarily due to increased sales of short-term disability products. The group segment has expanded the use of a third-party marketing organization, specifically in the short-term disability market, which has resulted in increased new sales of this product. The increase in renewal premiums was largely due to a $0.4 million or 4% increase in group accident and health premiums, largely in the short-term disability product line, and a $0.3 million increase in immediate annuity premiums.

The following table reconciles deposits with the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and provides detail by new and renewal deposits for the first quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010. New deposits are also detailed by product.


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011		% Change			2010		% Change
New deposits:
Universal life insurance	$	2,812		(18	)	$	3,436		88
Variable universal life insurance		225		(7	)		241		(40	)
Fixed deferred annuities		14,892		35			11,008		(28	)
Variable annuities		3,837		(35	)		5,923		107

Total new deposits		21,766		6			20,608		1
Renewal deposits		35,698		8			33,120		(1	)

Total deposits	$	57,464		7		$	53,728		-

Total new deposits increased $1.2 million or 6% in the first quarter of 2011 compared with the first quarter of 2010. This increase was due to a $3.9 million or 35% increase in new fixed deferred annuity deposits. Partially offsetting this increase, new variable annuity deposits decreased $2.1 million or 35%, new universal life insurance deposits declined $0.6 million or 18% and new variable universal life deposits decreased less than $0.1 million. The increase in new fixed deferred annuity deposits can be attributed to the availability of a new rider offered by the Company, which added to sales during the first quarter of 2011. Total renewal deposits increased $2.6 million or 8% in the first quarter of 2011 versus last year. Fixed deferred annuity renewal deposits increased $1.9 million or 29% and renewal variable annuity deposits increased $0.9 million or 41%. Partially offsetting these improvements was a decline in renewal variable universal life deposits.

Insurance Revenues

Insurance revenues consist of premiums, net of reinsurance, and contract charges. In the first quarter of 2011, total insurance revenues decreased $1.8 million or 3%, reflecting a $1.4 million or 4% decrease in net premiums and a $0.4 million or 2% decrease in contract charges. Total life premiums increased $0.6 million or 2% and total accident and health premiums increased $0.6 million or 5% compared with last year. Offsetting these increases, total immediate annuity premiums decreased $2.4 million or 45%. Total group accident and health premiums increased 6% compared to last year and total group life premiums decreased 2%. Total individual life premiums increased 4% in the Old American segment but were flat in the Individual Insurance segment.

Contract charges consist of cost of insurance, expense loads, amortization of unearned revenues, and surrender charges. Certain contract charges for universal life, deposit or investment products, are not recognized in income immediately but are deferred and are amortized into income in proportion to the expected future gross profits of the business, in a manner similar to DAC. Profit expectations are based upon assumptions of future interest spreads, mortality margins, expense margins and policy and premium persistency experience. At least annually, a review is performed of the assumptions related to profit expectations. If it is determined the assumptions should be revised, the impact is recorded as a change in the revenue reported in the current period as an unlocking adjustment.

Total contract charges on all blocks of business decreased $0.4 million or 2% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010. The results in 2011 reflected a decrease in cost of insurance charges, largely due to the runoff of closed blocks and a decrease in surrender charges, largely resulting from lower surrenders of variable universal life products. These were partially offset by an increase in deferred revenue, largely reflecting increased deferred revenues on a growing block of selected universal life products. Included in the total are blocks of policies and companies that the Company has purchased but to which the Company is not actively pursuing marketing efforts to generate new sales and has the intent of servicing to achieve long-term purchased profit streams. Total contract charges on these closed blocks equaled 35% of total consolidated contract charges in the first quarter of 2011, compared to 36% in the first quarter of 2010. Total contract charges on closed blocks declined 4% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010, while total contract charges on open, or ongoing, blocks of business were flat.

The Company uses reinsurance as a means to mitigate its risks and to reduce the earnings volatility from claims. Reinsurance ceded increased $0.1 million or 1% in the first quarter as compared to the same period in 2010. Reinsurance ceded for the Individual Insurance segment decreased 1% in the first quarter. The Group segment experienced a 14% increase in reinsurance ceded, largely due to increased disability sales from a third-party arrangement where the risk is 100% reinsured. Reinsurance ceded for the Old American segment declined 9% in the first quarter of 2011, reflecting the continued runoff of a large closed block of reinsured business.

Investment Revenues

Gross investment income is largely composed of interest, dividends and other earnings on fixed maturity securities, equity securities, short-term investments, mortgage loans, real estate and policy loans. Gross investment income increased $2.4 million or 5% in the first quarter of 2011, compared with the same period in 2010. This overall improvement resulted from both an increase in average invested assets and higher yields earned on certain investments.

Fixed maturity securities provided a majority of the Company’s investment income during the quarter ended March 31, 2011. Income on these investments was essentially flat compared to the first quarter of 2010 as an increase in average assets was offset by a decline in yields earned.

Investment income from mortgage loans increased $1.5 million or 20% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the same period in 2010. This improvement was largely the result of higher mortgage loan portfolio holdings in 2011 compared to 2010, as the Company significantly increased the mortgage loan balance through substantial purchases made during the second half of 2010.

In addition, the market value improved on an alternative investment fund, which resulted in an increase of investment income of $0.6 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.

Net investment income is stated net of investment expenses. Investment expenses increased $0.3 million or 12% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the same period in 2010. This variance can largely be attributed to increased real estate investment expenses from improvements in real estate properties and increased depreciation as more properties are completed and readied for market.

The following table provides detail concerning realized investment gains and losses for the first quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011			2010
Gross gains resulting from:
Sales of investment securities	$	311		$	1,003
Investment securities called and other		863			298

Total gross gains		1,174			1,301

Gross losses resulting from:
Investment securities called and other		(54	)		(88	)
Mortgage loans		(3	)		-

Total gross losses		(57	)		(88	)
Amortization of DAC and VOBA		(105	)		110

Net realized investment gains, excluding impairment losses		1,012			1,323


Net impairment losses recognized in earnings:
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses		(269	)		(1,591	)
Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income		58			5

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings		(211	)		(1,586	)

Realized investment gains (losses)	$	801		$	(263	)

The Company recorded a net realized investment gain of $0.8 million in the first quarter of 2011, compared with a $0.3 million net realized investment loss in the first quarter of 2010. During the first quarter of 2011, investment losses of $0.2 million were recorded due to write-downs of investment securities that were considered other-than-temporarily impaired. These were offset by $0.3 million in gains from the sale of investment securities and $0.9 million in gains from investment securities called and other. In the above table, investment securities called and other includes, but is not limited to, principal paydowns and sinking funds.

The Company’s analysis of securities for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 resulted in the determination that four fixed-maturity securities had other-than-temporary impairments and were written down by a combined $0.2 million due to credit impairments. These four securities accounted for all of the other-than-temporary impairments in the first quarter of 2011. These residential mortgage-backed securities had incremental losses, reflecting deterioration in the present value of expected future cash flows. The additional losses from these residential mortgage-backed securities totaled $0.3 million in the first quarter of 2011, including $0.1 million that was determined to be non-credit and was recognized in other comprehensive income. The total fair value of the affected securities after the write-downs was $32.3 million.

The following table summarizes securities with other-than-temporary impairments recognized in earnings by business segment during the first quarters of 2011 and 2010 by asset class:


	Quarter Ended March 31 2011
Bonds:
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities:
Individual Insurance	$	188
Old American		23

Total		211

Segment detail:
Individual Insurance		188
Old American		23

Consolidated total	$	211


	Quarter Ended March 31 2010
Bonds:
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities:
Individual Insurance	$	737
Old American		109
Other:
Individual Insurance		740
Old American		-

Total		1,586

Segment detail:
Individual Insurance		1,477
Old American		109

Consolidated total	$	1,586

The following table provides detail regarding four individual investment securities that were written down through earnings during the first quarter of 2011 by business segment, none of which exceeded $0.5 million on a consolidated basis.


	Impairment Loss
Security	Individual Insurance		Old American		Consolidated		Description
Other - 4 securities		188		23		211

Total	$	188	$	23	$	211

The following table provides detail regarding eight individual investment securities that were written down through earnings during the first quarter of 2010 by business segment, none of which exceeded $0.5 million on a consolidated basis.


	Impairment Loss
Security	Individual Insurance		Old American		Consolidated		Description
Other - 8 securities		1,477		109		1,586

Total	$	1,477	$	109	$	1,586

Investment Accounting Policy and Analysis of Investments

The Company seeks to protect policyholders’ benefits and achieve a desired level of organizational profitability by optimizing risk and return on an ongoing basis through managing asset and liability cash flows, monitoring credit risk, avoiding high levels of investments that may be redeemed by the issuer, maintaining sufficiently liquid investments and avoiding undue asset concentrations through diversification, among other things. The Company has three primary sources of investment risk:

•

Credit risk, relating to the uncertainty associated with the continued ability of a given obligor to make timely payments of principal and interest;

•

Interest rate risk, relating to the market price and/or cash flow associated with changes in market yields and curves; and

•

Liquidity risk, relating to the risk that investments cannot be converted into cash when needed or that the terms for conversion have a negative effect on the Company.

The Company’s ability to manage these risks is essential to the success of the organization. In particular, the Company devotes considerable resources to the credit analysis of each new investment and the ongoing credit positions. The majority of the Company’s investments are exposed to varying degrees of credit risk. Credit risk is the risk that the value of the investment may decline due to deterioration in the financial strength of the issuer and that the timely or ultimate payment of principal or interest might not occur. A default by an issuer usually involves some loss of principal to the investor. Losses can be mitigated by timely sales of affected securities or by active involvement in a restructuring process. However, there can be no assurance that the efforts of an investor will lead to favorable outcomes in a bankruptcy or restructuring. Credit risk is managed primarily through industry, issuer, and structure diversification.

The following table provides information regarding fixed maturity and equity securities by asset class as of March 31, 2011.


	Total Fair Value		% of Total		Fair Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Gains		Fair Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses		Gross Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	131,726		5%	$	119,863	$	5,945	$	11,863	$	397
Federal agencies ¹		25,854		1%		25,854		1,727		-		-
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹		131,960		5%		131,286		9,111		674		4

Subtotal		289,540		11%		277,003		16,783		12,537		401
Corporate obligations:
Industrial		433,749		16%		348,270		25,175		85,479		2,927
Energy		163,741		6%		157,067		14,022		6,674		206
Communications and technology		195,855		7%		146,211		9,025		49,644		732
Financial		350,239		13%		290,729		15,201		59,510		3,288
Consumer		445,140		16%		360,212		27,372		84,928		2,604
Public utilities		312,907		12%		280,041		24,650		32,866		2,914

Subtotal		1,901,631		70%		1,582,530		115,445		319,101		12,671
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities		190,691		7%		74,481		2,030		116,210		9,940
Municipal securities		151,863		6%		77,622		1,566		74,241		2,348
Other		103,028		4%		45,219		5,146		57,809		8,455
Redeemable preferred stocks		14,911		1%		9,836		360		5,075		315

Fixed maturity securities		2,651,664		99%		2,066,691		141,330		584,973		34,130
Equity securities		39,179		1%		37,124		2,081		2,055		116

Total	$	2,690,843		100%	$	2,103,815	$	143,411	$	587,028	$	34,246

¹	Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

The following table provides information regarding fixed maturity and equity securities by asset class as of December 31, 2010.


	Total Fair Value		% of Total		Fair Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Gains		Fair Value of Securities with Gross Unrealized Losses		Gross Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	135,142		5%	$	125,273	$	7,180	$	9,869	$	318
Federal agencies ¹		26,095		1%		26,095		1,951		-		-
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹		138,056		5%		137,759		9,740		297		2

Subtotal		299,293		11%		289,127		18,871		10,166		320
Corporate obligations:
Industrial		432,518		16%		352,700		26,255		79,818		2,930
Energy		178,511		7%		170,663		15,498		7,848		224
Communications and technology		172,946		6%		134,184		9,243		38,762		796
Financial		350,659		13%		261,745		14,161		88,914		5,022
Consumer		430,504		16%		347,883		28,725		82,621		2,373
Public utilities		324,800		12%		296,241		27,640		28,559		1,466

Subtotal		1,889,938		70%		1,563,416		121,522		326,522		12,811
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities		195,055		7%		98,474		2,352		96,581		16,826
Municipal securities		151,831		6%		62,887		1,319		88,944		3,301
Other		98,002		4%		38,135		5,194		59,867		7,739
Redeemable preferred stocks		14,769		1%		9,818		342		4,951		440

Fixed maturity securities		2,648,888		99%		2,061,857		149,600		587,031		41,437
Equity securities		38,321		1%		36,287		2,165		2,034		137

Total	$	2,687,209		100%	$	2,098,144	$	151,765	$	589,065	$	41,574

¹	Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

At December 31, 2010, the Company had $41.6 million in gross unrealized losses on investment securities which were offset by $151.8 million in gross unrealized gains. At March 31, 2011, the Company’s unrealized losses on investment securities had decreased to $34.2 million and were offset by $143.4 million in gross unrealized gains. At March 31, 2011, 37% of the gross unrealized losses were in the category of corporate obligations. The financial sector was the single largest contributor to this category, reflecting the direct and indirect impact of the troubled residential real estate and mortgage markets. In addition, 29% of the gross unrealized losses were in the category of corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities, also due to the troubled residential real estate and mortgage markets. At March 31, 2011, 78% of the total fair value of the fixed maturities portfolio had unrealized gains, unchanged from December 31, 2010.

The following table identifies fixed maturity securities available for sale by rating.


	March 31, 2011				December 31, 2010
Equivalent S&P Rating	Fair Value		% of Total		Fair Value		% of Total
AAA	$	497,105		19%	$	511,854		19%
AA		293,280		11%		278,850		11%
A		752,560		29%		780,919		30%
BBB		937,593		35%		905,540		34%

Total investment grade		2,480,538		94%		2,477,163		94%
BB		54,339		2%		56,973		2%
B and below		116,787		4%		114,752		4%

Total below investment grade		171,126		6%		171,725		6%

	$	2,651,664		100%	$	2,648,888		100%

As of both March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, 94% of all fixed maturity securities were investment grade. This reflects the continued high quality of securities maintained by the Company.

Analysis of Unrealized Losses on Securities

The Company reviews all security investments, and particular attention is given to those having unrealized losses. Further, the Company specifically assesses all investments with greater than 10% declines in fair value below amortized cost and, in general, monitors all security investments as to ongoing risk. These risks are fundamentally evaluated through both a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the issuer. The Company also prepares a formal review document no less often than quarterly of all investments where fair value is less than 80% of amortized cost for six months or more, as well as selected investments that have experienced significant changes in fair value from a previous period and that have a decline in fair value greater than 10% of amortized cost.

•

Intent and ability to make all principal and interest payments when due;

•

Near-term business prospects;

•

Cash flow and liquidity;

•

Credit ratings;

•

Business climate;

•

Management changes;

•

Litigation and government actions; and

•

Other similar factors.

This process also involves monitoring several factors including late payments, downgrades by rating agencies, asset quality, key financial ratios, financial statements, revenue forecasts and cash flow projections as indicators of credit issues.

All securities are reviewed to determine whether other-than-temporary impairments should be recorded. This process includes an assessment of the credit quality of each investment in the entire securities portfolio. Additional reporting and review procedures are conducted for those securities where fair value is less than 90% of amortized cost. Further, detailed analysis is performed for each issue or issues having experienced a formal restructuring or where the security has experienced material deterioration in fair value or where the fair value is less than 80% of amortized cost for six months or more.

•

The current fair value of the security as compared to cost;

•

The credit rating of the security;

•

The extent and the length of time the fair value has been below amortized cost;

•

The financial position of the issuer, including the current and future impact of any specific events, material declines in the issuer’s revenues, margins, cash positions, liquidity issues, asset quality, debt levels and income results;

•

Significant management or organizational changes;

•

Significant uncertainty regarding the issuer’s industry;

•

Violation of financial covenants;

•

Consideration of information or evidence that supports timely recovery;

•

The Company’s intent and ability to hold an equity security until it recovers in value;

•

Whether the Company intends to sell a debt security and whether it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell a debt security before recovery of the amortized cost basis; and

•

Other business factors related to the issuer’s industry.

•

The risk that the Company’s assessment of an issuer’s ability to meet all of its contractual obligations will change based on changes in the credit characteristics of that issuer;

•

The risk that the economic outlook will be worse than expected or have more of an impact on the issuer than anticipated;

•

The risk that the performance of the underlying collateral for securities could deteriorate in the future and the Company’s credit enhancement levels and recovery values do not provide sufficient protection to the Company’s contractual principal and interest;

•

The risk that fraudulent, inaccurate or misleading information could be provided to the Company’s credit, investment and accounting professionals who determine the fair value estimates and accounting treatment for securities;

•

The risk that actions of trustees, custodians or other parties with interests in the security may have an unforeseen adverse impact on the Company’s investments;

•

The risk that new information obtained by the Company or changes in other facts and circumstances may lead the Company to change its intent to sell the security before it recovers in value;

•

The risk that the facts and circumstances change such that it becomes more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investment before recovery of the amortized cost basis; and

•

The risk that the methodology or assumptions used to develop estimates of the portion of impairments due to credit prove, over time, to be inaccurate or insufficient.

Any of these situations could result in a charge to income in a future period.

The Company may selectively determine that it no longer intends to hold a specific issue to its maturity. If the Company makes this determination and the fair value is less than the cost basis, the investment is written down to the fair value and an other-than-temporary impairment is recorded on this particular position. Subsequently, the Company seeks to obtain the best possible outcome available for this specific issue and records an investment gain or loss at the disposal date.

considerations of the performance of the actual underlying assets, including historical delinquencies, defaults, severity of losses incurred, and prepayments, along with the Company’s estimates of future results for these factors. The Company’s estimates of future results are based upon actual historical performance of the underlying assets relative to historical, current and expected general economic conditions, specific conditions related to the underlying assets, industry data, and other factors that are believed to be relevant. If the present value of the projected expected future cash flows are determined to be below the Company’s carrying value, the Company recognizes an other-than-temporary impairment on the portion of the carrying value that exceeds the projected expected future cash flows. To the extent that the loan-backed or other asset-backed securities remain high quality investments and do not otherwise demonstrate characteristics of impairment, the Company performs other initial evaluations to determine whether other-than-temporary cash flow evaluations need to be performed.

The following tables present the range of significant assumptions used in projecting the future cash flows as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. The Company believes that the assumptions below are reasonable because they are based upon the actual results of the underlying security collateral.


	March 31, 2011
	Initial Default Rate				Initial Severity Rate				Prepayment Speed
Vintage	Low		High		Low		High		Low		High
2004		4.6%		5.8%		40%		48%		10.0%		13.0%
2005		5.8%		13.9%		45%		62%		6.0%		11.0%
2006		17.0%		17.0%		87%		87%		8.0%		8.0%
2007		9.0%		9.0%		53%		53%		8.0%		8.0%

	December 31, 2010
	Initial Default Rate				Initial Severity Rate				Prepayment Speed
Vintage	Low		High		Low		High		Low		High
2004		4.6%		4.6%		45%		45%		10.0%		10.0%
2005		4.9%		12.3%		46%		69%		6.0%		11.0%
2006		18.0%		18.0%		84%		84%		8.0%		8.0%
2007		8.7%		8.7%		60%		60%		8.0%		8.0%

Following is a summary of the results of the analysis of present values of projected cash flows for non-U.S. Agency mortgage-backed securities as part of the analysis of potential other-than-temporary-impairment of securities as of March 31, 2011.


	Amortized Cost as of March 31, 2011 After OTTI		OTTI Recognized During 2011		Cumulative OTTI Recognized		Cumulative Non-Credit Impairment Recorded in AOCI as of March 31, 2011
Written down	$	67,581	$	211	$	17,071	$	13,534
Not written down	$	156,119	$	-	$	-	$	(653	)


	Amortized Cost as of December 31, 2010 After OTTI		OTTI Recognized During 2010		Cumulative OTTI Recognized		Cumulative Non-Credit Impairment Recorded in AOCI as of December 31, 2010
Written down	$	68,274	$	1,936	$	16,802	$	13,476
Not written down	$	167,044	$	-	$	-	$	6,046

Significant unrealized losses on securities can continue for extended periods of time, particularly for certain individual securities. While this can be an indication of potential credit impairments, it can also be an indication of illiquidity in a particular sector or security. In addition, the fair value of an individual security can be heavily influenced by the complexities of varying market sentiment or uncertainty regarding the prospects for an individual security. This has been the situation in the non-U.S. Agency mortgage-backed securities market in recent periods. Based upon the process described above, the Company is best able to determine if and to what extent credit impairment may exist in these securities by performing present value calculations of projected future cash flows at the conclusion of each reporting period. By reviewing the most recent data available regarding the security and other relevant industry and market factors, the Company can modify assumptions used in the cash flow projections and determine the best estimate of the portion of any impairment that is due to credit at the conclusion of each period.

The Company closely monitors its investments in securities classified as subprime. Subprime securities include all bonds or portions of bonds where the underlying collateral is made up of home equity loans or first mortgage loans to borrowers whose credit scores at the time of origination were lower than the level recognized in the market as prime. The Company’s classification of subprime does not include Alt-A or jumbo loans, unless the collateral otherwise meets the preceding definition. At March 31, 2011, the fair value of investments with subprime residential mortgage exposure was $19.1 million with a related $4.7 million unrealized loss. At December 31, 2010, the Company had investments with subprime residential mortgage exposure of $19.6 million and a related $4.9 million unrealized loss. This exposure amounted to less than 1% of the Company’s invested assets at both March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. These investments are included in the Company’s process for evaluation of other-than-temporarily impaired securities.

The Company has a significant level of non-U.S. Agency structured securities. Structured securities include asset-backed, residential mortgage-backed securities, along with collateralized debt obligations, collateralized mortgage obligations and other collateralized obligations. The Company monitors these securities through a combination of an analysis of vintage, credit ratings and other means.

Identified below are tables that divide these investment types among vintage and credit ratings as of March 31, 2011.


	Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains (Losses)
Residential & Non-agency MBS ¹
Investment Grade:
Vintage 2003 and earlier	$	51,447	$	49,744	$	1,703
2004		58,551		60,816		(2,265	)
2005		4,236		4,457		(221	)
2006		-		-		-
2007		-		-		-

Total investment grade		114,234		115,017		(783	)


Below Investment Grade:
Vintage 2003 and earlier		-		-		-
2004		9,330		9,694		(364	)
2005		75,899		85,672		(9,773	)
2006		6,584		7,854		(1,270	)
2007		4,772		5,463		(691	)

Total below investment grade		96,585		108,683		(12,098	)


Other Structured Securities:
Investment grade		61,568		60,532		1,036
Below investment grade		20,099		19,229		870

Total other		81,667		79,761		1,906

Total structured securities	$	292,486	$	303,461	$	(10,975	)

¹	This chart accounts for all vintages owned by the Company.

Identified below are tables that divide these investment types among vintage and credit ratings as of December 31, 2010.


	Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains (Losses)
Residential & Non-agency MBS ¹
Investment Grade:
Vintage 2003 and earlier	$	57,811	$	55,929	$	1,882
2004		72,031		74,725		(2,694	)
2005		4,107		4,559		(452	)
2006		-		-		-
2007		-		-		-

Total investment grade		133,949		135,213		(1,264	)


Below Investment Grade:
Vintage 2003 and earlier		-		-		-
2004		-		-		-
2005		70,721		86,382		(15,661	)
2006		6,314		8,079		(1,765	)
2007		4,812		5,644		(832	)

Total below investment grade		81,847		100,105		(18,258	)


Other Structured Securities:
Investment grade		55,189		53,347		1,842
Below investment grade		20,143		19,229		914

Total other		75,332		72,576		2,756

Total structured securities	$	291,128	$	307,894	$	(16,766	)

¹	This chart accounts for all vintages owned by the Company.

Total unrealized losses on non-U.S. Agency structured securities totaled $11.0 million at March 31, 2011, compared to $16.8 million at December 31, 2010. Total unrealized losses on these securities as a percent of total amortized cost totaled 4% at March 31, 2011, a slight improvement from 5% at year-end 2010.

The following table provides information regarding fixed maturity and equity security investments available for sale with unrealized losses by length of time, as of March 31, 2011.


	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	9,669	$	366	$	2,194	$	31	$	11,863	$	397
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹		393		3		281		1		674		4

Subtotal		10,062		369		2,475		32		12,537		401
Corporate obligations:
Industrial		82,502		2,780		2,977		147		85,479		2,927
Energy		6,674		206		-		-		6,674		206
Communications and technology		49,644		732		-		-		49,644		732
Financial		25,137		504		34,373		2,784		59,510		3,288
Consumer		77,843		1,716		7,085		888		84,928		2,604
Public utilities		21,935		1,850		10,931		1,064		32,866		2,914

Total corporate obligations		263,735		7,788		55,366		4,883		319,101		12,671
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities		17,839		218		98,371		9,722		116,210		9,940
Municipal securities		66,816		1,883		7,425		465		74,241		2,348
Other		5,424		137		52,385		8,318		57,809		8,455
Redeemable preferred stocks		625		1		4,450		314		5,075		315

Fixed maturity securities		364,501		10,396		220,472		23,734		584,973		34,130

Equity securities		-		-		2,055		116		2,055		116

Total	$	364,501	$	10,396	$	222,527	$	23,850	$	587,028	$	34,246

¹	Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

The following table provides information regarding fixed maturity and equity security investments available for sale with unrealized losses by length of time, as of December 31, 2010.


	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	7,663	$	286	$	2,206	$	32	$	9,869	$	318
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹		16		1		281		1		297		2

Subtotal		7,679		287		2,487		33		10,166		320
Corporate obligations:
Industrial		76,795		2,825		3,023		105		79,818		2,930
Energy		7,848		224		-		-		7,848		224
Communications and technology		38,762		796		-		-		38,762		796
Financial		50,744		900		38,170		4,122		88,914		5,022
Consumer		67,690		1,444		14,931		929		82,621		2,373
Public utilities		24,165		1,204		4,394		262		28,559		1,466

Total corporate obligations		266,004		7,393		60,518		5,418		326,522		12,811
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities		-		-		96,581		16,826		96,581		16,826
Municipal securities		81,799		2,537		7,145		764		88,944		3,301
Other		5,379		182		54,488		7,557		59,867		7,739
Redeemable preferred stocks		618		8		4,333		432		4,951		440

Fixed maturity securities		361,479		10,407		225,552		31,030		587,031		41,437

Equity securities		-		-		2,034		137		2,034		137

Total	$	361,479	$	10,407	$	227,586	$	31,167	$	589,065	$	41,574

¹	Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

•

124 security issues representing 71% of the issues with unrealized losses, including 95% being rated as investment grade, were below cost for less than one year;

•

14 security issues representing 8% of the issues with unrealized losses, including 57% being rated as investment grade, were below cost for one year or more and less than three years; and

•

37 security issues representing 21% of the issues with unrealized losses, including 57% being rated as investment grade, were below cost for three years or more.

At December 31, 2010, the Company had unrealized losses on its investment portfolio for fixed maturities and equity securities as follows:

•

130 security issues representing 69% of the issues with unrealized losses, including 94% being rated as investment grade, were below cost for less than one year;

•

18 security issues representing 10% of the issues with unrealized losses, including 56% being rated as investment grade, were below cost for one year or more and less than three years; and

•

39 security issues representing 21% of the issues with unrealized losses, including 49% being rated as investment grade, were below cost for three years or more.

The total number of fixed maturities and equity securities with unrealized losses decreased from 187 at December 31, 2010 to 175 at March 31, 2011. These results were primarily due to two factors. First, the Company continues to purchase high quality investments. Second, the economy and financial markets have continued to improve and interest rates have moved lower since December 31, 2010.

The following tables summarize the Company’s investments in securities available for sale with unrealized losses as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.


	March 31, 2011
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Securities owned without realized impairment:
Unrealized losses of 10% or less	$	492,784	$	477,411	$	15,373
Unrealized losses of 20% or less and greater than 10%		47,664		41,518		6,146

Subtotal		540,448		518,929		21,519

Unrealized losses greater than 20%:
Investment grade
Less than twelve months		-		-		-
Twelve months or greater		908		635		273

Total investment grade		908		635		273

Below investment grade
Less than twelve months		7,479		5,706		1,773
Twelve months or greater		-		-		-

Total below investment grade		7,479		5,706		1,773

Unrealized losses greater than 20%		8,387		6,341		2,046

Subtotal		548,835		525,270		23,565


Securities owned with realized impairment:
Unrealized losses of 10% or less		33,267		31,093		2,174
Unrealized losses of 20% or less and greater than 10%		11,012		9,428		1,584

Subtotal		44,279		40,521		3,758

Unrealized losses greater than 20%:
Investment grade
Less than twelve months		-		-		-
Twelve months or greater		-		-		-

Total investment grade		-		-		-

Below investment grade
Less than twelve months		13,072		10,027		3,045
Twelve months or greater		15,088		11,210		3,878

Total below investment grade		28,160		21,237		6,923

Unrealized losses greater than 20%		28,160		21,237		6,923

Subtotal		72,439		61,758		10,681

Total	$	621,274	$	587,028	$	34,246


	December 31, 2010
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Securities owned without realized impairment:
Unrealized losses of 10% or less	$	480,498	$	465,414	$	15,084
Unrealized losses of 20% or less and greater than 10%		71,101		61,718		9,383

Subtotal		551,599		527,132		24,467

Unrealized losses greater than 20%:
Investment grade
Less than twelve months		-		-		-
Twelve months or greater		5,908		4,458		1,450

Total investment grade		5,908		4,458		1,450

Below investment grade
Less than twelve months		-		-		-
Twelve months or greater		-		-		-

Total below investment grade		-		-		-

Unrealized losses greater than 20%		5,908		4,458		1,450

Subtotal		557,507		531,590		25,917


Securities owned with realized impairment:
Unrealized losses of 10% or less		5,642		5,217		425
Unrealized losses of 20% or less and greater than 10%		16,073		14,009		2,064

Subtotal		21,715		19,226		2,489

Unrealized losses greater than 20%:
Investment grade
Less than twelve months		-		-		-
Twelve months or greater		-		-		-

Total investment grade		-		-		-

Below investment grade
Less than twelve months		13,366		10,629		2,737
Twelve months or greater		38,051		27,620		10,431

Total below investment grade		51,417		38,249		13,168

Unrealized losses greater than 20%		51,417		38,249		13,168

Subtotal		73,132		57,475		15,657

Total	$	630,639	$	589,065	$	41,574

The following table provides information on fixed maturity securities with gross unrealized losses by rating as of March 31, 2011.


Equivalent S&P Rating	Fair Value		% of Total		Gross Unrealized Losses		% of Total
AAA	$	85,533		15%	$	5,190		15%
AA		110,430		19%		4,414		13%
A		113,796		19%		3,318		10%
BBB		159,586		27%		6,723		20%

Total investment grade		469,345		80%		19,645		58%
BB		18,093		3%		842		2%
B and below		97,535		17%		13,643		40%

Total below investment grade		115,628		20%		14,485		42%

	$	584,973		100%	$	34,130		100%

The following table provides information on fixed maturity securities with gross unrealized losses by rating as of December 31, 2010.


Equivalent S&P Rating	Fair Value		% of Total		Gross Unrealized Losses		% of Total
AAA	$	101,883		17%	$	5,105		12%
AA		99,017		17%		4,260		10%
A		113,304		19%		4,486		11%
BBB		156,809		27%		6,881		17%

Total investment grade		471,013		80%		20,732		50%
BB		16,456		3%		1,399		3%
B and below		99,562		17%		19,306		47%

Total below investment grade		116,018		20%		20,705		50%

	$	587,031		100%	$	41,437		100%

As of March 31, 2011, 80% of the fair value of fixed maturity securities with gross unrealized losses was investment grade, unchanged from December 31, 2010. In addition, 58% of gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities with unrealized losses were from investment grade securities at March 31, 2011, compared to 50% at December 31, 2010.


	March 31, 2011
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Fixed maturity security securities available for sale:
Due in one year or less	$	28	$	-
Due after one year through five years		65,704		1,335
Due after five years through ten years		203,456		7,224
Due after ten years		193,821		15,312

Total		463,009		23,871
Securities with variable principal payments		116,889		9,944
Redeemable preferred stocks		5,075		315

Total	$	584,973	$	34,130

The following is a discussion of all non-residential mortgage-backed securities whose fair value had been less than 80% of amortized cost for at least six consecutive months at March 31, 2011. The Company has considered a wide variety of factors to determine that these positions were not other-than-temporarily impaired.


Security		Description
Financial institution		Institution impacted by housing and mortgage crisis. The security continues to perform within contractual obligations.

Collateralized debt obligation		Impacted by delinquencies and foreclosures in subprime and Alt-A markets and extreme declines in market valuations regardless of individual security performance. There continues to be overcollateralization within the structure and the investment continues to perform within contractual obligations.

Collateralized debt obligation		Impacted by high leverage and deteriorating capitalization in the banking sector and large declines in market valuations. There continues to be overcollateralization within the structure and the investment is deferring interest to pay senior tranches.

The Company has written down certain investments in previous periods. Securities written down and continuing to be owned at March 31, 2011 had a fair value of $75.0 million with a net unrealized loss of $7.1 million.

The Company evaluated the current status of all investments previously written-down to determine whether the Company continues to believe that these investments continue to be credit-impaired to the extent previously recorded. The Company’s evaluation process is similar to its impairment evaluation process. If evidence exists that the Company believes that it will receive all or a materially greater portion of its contractual maturities from securities previously written down, the accretion of income is adjusted. The Company did not change its evaluation of any investments under this process during the first quarters of 2011 or 2010.

The Company does not have a material amount of direct or indirect guarantees for the securities in its investment portfolio. The Company did not have any direct exposure to financial guarantors at March 31, 2011. The Company’s indirect exposure to financial guarantors totaled $39.3 million, which was 1% of the Company’s investment assets at March 31, 2011. The unrealized losses on these investments totaled $1.7 million at March 31, 2011.

Other Revenues

Other revenues consist primarily of supplementary contract considerations, policyholder dividends left with the Company to accumulate, income received on the sale of low income housing tax credits (LIHTC) investments by a subsidiary of the

Company and fees charged on products and sales from the Company’s broker dealer subsidiary. Other revenues increased 1% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to one year earlier. Increased revenue from the broker dealer subsidiary was partially offset by a decrease in supplementary contract considerations.

Policyholder Benefits

Policyholder benefits consist of death benefits (mortality), immediate annuity benefits, accident and health benefits, surrenders, interest, other benefits and the associated increase or decrease in reserves for future policy benefits. The largest component of policyholder benefits was death benefits for the periods presented. Death benefits reflect mortality results, after consideration of the impact of reinsurance. Mortality will fluctuate from period-to-period, however it has generally remained within pricing expectations for the periods presented.

Policyholder benefits decreased $2.5 million or 5% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the same period one year earlier. The reduction in 2011 largely resulted from a decrease in benefit and contract reserves, which declined $6.1 million compared to one year earlier. The change in benefit and contract reserves can largely be attributed to two factors, including reserves released as a result of increased net death benefits and a decrease in sales of immediate annuities. Death benefits, net of reinsurance ceded, increased $3.5 million. This change reflected less favorable mortality. In addition, immediate annuity sales declined $2.4 million.

The Company has a GMWB rider for variable annuity contracts that is considered to be a financial derivative and, as such, is accounted for at fair value. The Company determines the fair value of the GMWB rider using a risk-neutral valuation method. The value of the riders will fluctuate depending on market conditions. At March 31, 2011, the fair value of the liability decreased $0.1 million compared to the fair value at December 31, 2010. This fluctuation can be attributed to favorable returns in the capital markets and increases in risk-free swap rates offset by decreases in issuer discount spreads. In addition, the Company has a guaranteed minimum death benefit (GMDB) on certain products. The benefit reserve for GMDB was $0.2 million at March 31, 2011, down slightly from December 31, 2010.

Interest Credited to Policyholder Account Balances

Interest is credited to policyholder account balances according to terms of the policies or contracts. Interest is credited to policyholder account balances for universal life, fixed deferred annuities and other investment-type products. There are minimum levels of interest crediting assumed in certain policies or contracts, as well as allowances for adjustments to be made to reflect current market conditions in certain policies or contracts. Accordingly, the Company reviews and adjusts crediting rates as necessary and appropriate. Amounts credited are a function of account balances and current period crediting rates. As account balances fluctuate, so will the amount of interest credited to policyholder account balances. Interest credited to policyholder account balances decreased $0.7 million or 3% in the first quarter of 2011 compared with the same period one year earlier. While total policyholder account balances increased from the first quarter of 2010 to the first quarter of 2011, this increase was offset by reduced crediting rates.

Amortization of Deferred Acquisition Costs

Deferred acquisition costs (DAC), principally agent commissions and other selling, selection and issue costs, which vary with and are directly related to the production of new business, are capitalized as incurred. At least annually, the Company reviews its DAC capitalization policy and the specific items which are capitalized with existing guidance. These deferred costs for life insurance products are generally deferred and amortized over the premium paying period. Policy acquisition costs that relate to interest sensitive and variable insurance products are deferred and amortized with interest in relation to the estimated gross profits to be realized over the lives of the contracts. At least annually, a review is performed of the assumptions related to profit expectations. If it is determined the assumptions should be revised, the impact of the changes is recorded as a change in DAC amortization in the current period due to an unlocking adjustment.

The amortization of DAC increased $0.6 million or 7% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to one year ago. This increase was primarily the result of increased policy terminations, as certain policies lapsed during the quarter. The increase in policy terminations resulted in an increase in the amortization of DAC of approximately $0.5 million. In addition, the amortization of DAC increased due to the growing block of business. No DAC unlocking occurred in the first quarters of 2011 or 2010.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses consist of incurred commission expense from the sale of insurance products, net of the deferral in capitalization of certain commissions and certain expenses directly associated with the attainment of new business, expenses from the Company’s operations, the amortization of value of business acquired, and other expenses. Capitalized commissions consist primarily of commissions and non-recurring expenses related to the sale of business. Operating expenses decreased $0.3 million or 1% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to last year, including reductions in data

processing costs, professional fees, and employee benefits totaling $0.9 million. These favorable changes were partially offset by a $0.7 million increase in an allowance for doubtful accounts on selectively identified agent receivables. The Company continually monitors its agent-related receivables to determine whether any receivable may be uncollectible. The Company increases or decreases the allowance for doubtful accounts based on this assessment, and losses are charged against the allowance as such losses are recognized.

The amortization of value of business acquired (VOBA) is included in operating expenses. VOBA is amortized in concert with each purchased block of business. Generally, as policies run off, the amortization will decline over time. In addition, VOBA is evaluated on an ongoing basis for unlocking adjustments. If necessary, adjustments are made in the current period VOBA amortization. The amortization of VOBA in the first quarter of 2011 declined 1% compared to the same period one year earlier. There were no adjustments or unlocking made to the VOBA amortization in the first quarter of 2011 or 2010.

Income Taxes

The first quarter income tax expense was $2.5 million or 34% of income before tax for 2011, versus $2.0 million or 68% of income before tax for the prior year period.

Operating Results by Segment

The Company has three reportable business segments, which are defined based on the nature of the products and services offered: Individual Insurance, Group Insurance and Old American. The Individual Insurance segment consists of individual insurance products for both Kansas City Life and Sunset Life. The Individual Insurance segment is marketed through a nationwide sales force of independent general agents and third-party marketing arrangements. The Group Insurance segment consists of sales of group life, group disability, dental, and vision products. This segment is marketed through a nationwide sales force of independent general agents, group brokers and third-party marketing arrangements. Old American consists of individual insurance products designed largely as final expense products. These products are marketed through a nationwide general agency sales force with exclusive territories, using direct response marketing to supply agents with leads. For more information, refer to Note 11 - Segment Information in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

Individual Insurance

The following table presents financial data of the Individual Insurance business segment for the first quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010:


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011			2010
Insurance revenues:
Premiums, net	$	4,498		$	6,854
Contract charges		26,234			26,674

Total insurance revenues		30,732			33,528
Investment revenues:
Net investment income		42,113			40,095
Realized investment gains, excluding impairment losses		923			940
Net impairment losses recognized in earnings:
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses		(234	)		(1,542	)
Portion of impairment losses recognized in other comprehensive income		46			65

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings		(188	)		(1,477	)

Total investment revenues		42,848			39,558
Other revenues		2,366			2,342

Total revenues		75,946			75,428


Policyholder benefits		24,885			27,899
Interest credited to policyholder account balances		20,481			21,200
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs		5,697			5,706
Operating expenses		15,545			16,189

Total benefits and expenses		66,608			70,994


Income before income tax expense		9,338			4,434

Income tax expense		3,233			2,534

Net income	$	6,105		$	1,900

Net income for this segment was $6.1 million in the first quarter of 2011, an increase of $4.2 million from the first quarter of 2010. The largest factors in this improvement were an increase in net investment income and a decrease in benefit and contract reserves. In addition, net realized investment gains increased, as the Company experienced a net realized investment gain in the first quarter of 2011, compared to a net realized investment loss in the first quarter of 2010. Partially offsetting these favorable items was an increase in death benefits, net of reinsurance.

Total insurance revenues for this segment decreased $2.8 million or 8% in the first quarter of 2011 compared with the same period in the prior year. Total premiums decreased $2.5 million or 15%, reflecting a $2.4 million or 45% decline in immediate annuity premiums. Contract charges decreased 2% and reinsurance ceded premiums declined 1%.


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011			% Change			2010			% Change
New premiums:
Individual life insurance	$	1,370			5		$	1,307			(1	)
Immediate annuities		2,709			(50	)		5,386			24

Total new premiums		4,079			(39	)		6,693			18
Renewal premiums		10,421			1			10,292			2

Total premiums		14,500			(15	)		16,985			7

Reinsurance ceded		(10,002	)		(1	)		(10,131	)		3

Premiums, net	$	4,498			(34	)	$	6,854			15

Total new premiums for this segment decreased $2.6 million or 39% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the same period one year earlier. This decline was the result of a $2.7 million or 50% decrease in new immediate annuity premiums. This decrease was largely the result of elevated sales of this product in 2010, due to the demand of guaranteed benefits by consumers at that time. Immediate annuity receipts can have sizable fluctuations, as receipts from policyholders result from significant one-time premiums rather than recurring premiums, as is the case on traditional life insurance products. Total renewal premiums increased 1% compared to last year, reflecting an increase in annuity premiums.

The following table provides detail by new and renewal deposits for the first quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010. New deposits are also detailed by product.


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011		% Change			2010		% Change
New deposits:
Universal life insurance	$	2,812		(18	)	$	3,436		88
Variable universal life insurance		225		(7	)		241		(40	)
Fixed deferred annuities		14,892		35			11,008		(28	)
Variable annuities		3,837		(35	)		5,923		107

Total new deposits		21,766		6			20,608		1
Renewal deposits		35,698		8			33,120		(1	)

Total deposits	$	57,464		7		$	53,728		-

Total new deposits increased $1.2 million or 6% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to last year, reflecting a $3.9 million or 35% increase in new fixed deferred annuity deposits. This improvement was partially offset by a $2.1 million or 35% decrease in new variable annuity deposits and a $0.6 million or 18% decrease in new universal life deposits. The increase in new fixed deferred annuity deposits can, in part, be attributed to the availability of a new rider offered by the Company. Total renewal deposits increased $2.6 million or 8% in the first quarter of 2011. This increase reflected a $1.9 million or 29% increase in fixed deferred annuity deposits and a $0.9 million or 41% increase in variable annuity deposits. This improvement was partially offset by a decline in renewal variable universal life deposits.

Total contract charges decreased $0.4 million or 2% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010. This decrease reflected reduced cost of insurance charges, largely due to the runoff of closed blocks of business, and a decrease in surrender charges. The reduction in surrender charges was due to lower surrenders of variable universal life products. Total contract charges on the closed blocks equaled 35% of total consolidated contract charges in the first quarter of 2011, compared to 36% in the first quarter of 2010. Total contract charges on closed blocks declined 4% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010. Total contract charges on open blocks of business, where there is ongoing marketing for new sales, were flat.

Net investment income increased 5% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010. This improvement resulted from an increase in average invested assets and higher yields earned on investments. This segment experienced a net realized investment gain of $0.7 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to a net realized investment loss of $0.5 million in the first quarter of 2010.

The Company’s analysis of securities for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 resulted in the determination that four fixed-maturity securities had other-than-temporary impairments affecting the Individual Insurance segment and were written down by a combined $0.2 million due to credit. All of these securities were residential mortgage-backed securities having been previously written down, and incremental credit impairments were recognized. The incremental credit impairments reflected deterioration in the present value of projected future cash flows. The additional losses from these residential mortgage-backed securities were $0.2 million in the first quarter of 2011, including less than $0.1 million that was determined to be non-credit and was recognized in other comprehensive income. The total fair value of the affected securities after the write-downs was $28.9 million.

Please see Consolidated Results of Operations in Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for a table that provides securities that were written down through earnings by business segment for the first quarters of 2011 and 2010. This section also contains a table that provides detail regarding individual investment securities by business segment that were written down through earnings during the first quarters of 2011 and 2010.

Other revenues increased 1% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the same period one year earlier. Increased revenue from the broker dealer subsidiary was partially offset by a decrease in supplementary contract considerations.

Policyholder benefits decreased $3.0 million or 11% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the prior year. This decline was primarily attributable to a decrease in benefit and contract reserves, which declined $5.8 million. The change in benefit and contract reserves can largely be attributed to two factors, including reserves released as a result of increased net death benefits and a decrease in sales of immediate annuities. Death benefits, net of reinsurance ceded, increased $2.0 million. This change reflected less favorable mortality. In addition, immediate annuity sales declined $2.4 million.

Interest credited to policyholder account balances declined 3% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the same period one year earlier. While total policyholder account balances increased from the first quarter of 2010 to the first quarter of 2011, this was offset by declines in crediting rates.

Amortization of DAC was essentially flat in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the same period last year. No DAC unlocking occurred in the first quarters of 2011 or 2010.

Operating expenses consist of incurred commissions, net of the capitalization of commissions, expenses from the Company’s operations, the amortization of value of business acquired, and other expenses. Capitalized commissions consist primarily of commissions and non-recurring expenses related to the sale of business. Operating expenses decreased $0.6 million or 4% in the first quarter of 2011 compared with one year earlier. Several factors contributed to this decrease. Data processing costs, professional fees, and employee benefit expenses declined by a total of $0.7 million. Partially offsetting these items was an increase in agent expenses associated with an increase in an allowance for doubtful accounts on selectively identified agent receivables. The Company continually monitors its agent-related receivables and if it determines that any receivable may be entirely or in-part uncollectible it immediately records a potential loss.

The amortization of value of business acquired (VOBA) is included in operating expenses. VOBA is amortized in concert with each purchased block of business. Accordingly, as the acquired block of policies declines, the amortization will decline over time. In addition, VOBA is evaluated on an ongoing basis for unlocking adjustments. If necessary, adjustments are made in the current period VOBA amortization. The amortization of VOBA increased $0.1 million or 8% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to one year earlier. There were no adjustments or unlocking made to the VOBA amortization in the first quarter of 2011 or 2010.

Group Insurance

The following table presents financial data of the Group Insurance business segment for the first quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010:


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011			2010
Insurance revenues:
Premiums, net	$	12,554		$	12,248

Total insurance revenues		12,554			12,248
Investment revenues:
Net investment income		145			151
Other revenues		37			40

Total revenues		12,736			12,439


Policyholder benefits		7,607			8,295
Operating expenses		5,744			4,966

Total benefits and expenses		13,351			13,261


Loss before income tax benefit		(615	)		(822	)

Income tax benefit		(215	)		(288	)


Net loss	$	(400	)	$	(534	)

The net loss for this segment totaled $0.4 million for the first quarter of 2011, an improvement from the first quarter of 2010. Two significant changes in the marketing activities within the Group Insurance segment affected these comparative financial results. The first change was an increase in short-term disability product sales through a third-party distribution relationship. The second change was a modification to pricing practices for dental insurance products to improve the profitability of this product line.

The following table presents premiums included in insurance revenues and provides detail by new and renewal business for the first quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010. New premiums are also detailed by product.


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011			% Change			2010			% Change
New premiums:
Group life insurance	$	494			(21	)	$	629			39
Group dental insurance		1,378			(36	)		2,160			16
Group disability insurance		2,210			99			1,112			133
Other group insurance		36			(35	)		55			(11	)

Total new premiums		4,118			4			3,956			39
Renewal premiums		10,854			4			10,404			(12	)

Total premiums		14,972			4			14,360			(2	)
Reinsurance ceded		(2,418	)		14			(2,112	)		14

Premiums, net	$	12,554			2		$	12,248			(4	)

The increase in net premiums of $0.3 million for the comparative first quarters of 2011 versus 2010 was primarily the result of a $0.9 million increase in net premiums from the short-term disability product. This increase was due to a growing third-party marketing arrangement. Partially offsetting this growth in net premiums was a $0.8 million reduction in net premiums from dental product sales. The Company is purposefully being less aggressive in the pricing of new dental sales, while implementation of new pricing methodology is established. The revised methodology is based upon increased information about local market pricing and service utilization, and it is expected to significantly improve financial performance of the product line. The Company will be implementing the new pricing methodology throughout 2011.

Total new and renewal premiums each increased 4% during the first quarter compared to last year. New group disability premiums increased $1.1 million, a 99% improvement over the prior year. This was partially offset by decreases in new dental premiums of $0.8 million or 36% and new group life premiums of $0.1 million or 21%. The improvement in new group disability premiums continues to reflect results from the expanded distribution from a third-party arrangement pertaining to disability products. This arrangement accounted for approximately 50% of total new premiums. Renewal premiums increased $0.5 million or 4% versus the prior year, driven primarily by renewals on the short-term disability product.

Total insurance revenues for the Group Insurance segment increased $0.3 million or 2% in the first quarter compared to last year. This increase was largely due to a $0.6 million or 4% increase in total premiums. However, the increase was partially offset by a $0.3 million increase in reinsurance ceded on premiums. The increase in reinsurance ceded in the first quarter of 2011 resulted from an increase in disability premiums sold through an arrangement with an independent marketing organization, in which the premiums are heavily reinsured.

Policyholder benefits declined $0.7 million in the first quarter of 2011 relative to the same period last year. The improvement was due to a $1.0 million reduction in dental benefit costs. Partially offsetting this improvement, net claims on group life increased $0.2 million for the comparative periods.

Operating expenses consist of commissions, fees to third-party marketing and administrative organizations, and expenses from the Company’s operations. Operating expenses increased $0.8 million or 16% from the first quarter of 2010, primarily due to increased commission expenses associated with increased sales of the short-term disability product. Also contributing to the increase in expense was a $0.3 million increase in support and overhead costs and a $0.2 million increase in service costs paid to the third-party administrator primarily for the short-term disability product.

Improvement efforts for this segment in 2011 will continue to be focused in three primary areas, including increased sales of disability products, improved profitability of the dental product line, and improvements in administrative efficiency.

Old American

The following table presents financial data for the Old American business segment for the first quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010:


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011			2010
Insurance revenues:
Premiums, net	$	16,708		$	16,012

Total insurance revenues		16,708			16,012
Investment revenues:
Net investment income		3,133			3,058
Realized investment gains, excluding impairment losses		89			383
Net impairment losses recognized in earnings:
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses		(35	)		(49	)
Portion of impairment losses recognized in other comprehensive income		12			(60	)

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings		(23	)		(109	)

Total investment revenues		3,199			3,332
Other revenues		5			2

Total revenues		19,912			19,346


Policyholder benefits		12,782			11,592
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs		3,887			3,241
Operating expenses		4,711			5,158

Total benefits and expenses		21,380			19,991


Loss before income tax benefit		(1,468	)		(645	)

Income tax benefit		(554	)		(242	)


Net loss	$	(914	)	$	(403	)

The net loss for this segment totaled $0.9 million in the first quarter of 2011, compared with a $0.4 million loss in 2010. The larger net loss was primarily the result of a $1.2 million increase in policyholder benefits and a $0.6 million increase in amortization of deferred acquisition costs. These were partially offset by a $0.7 million increase in insurance revenues.

The following table presents gross premiums included in insurance revenues and provides detail by new and renewal business for the first quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011			% Change			2010			% Change
New individual life premiums	$	3,041			16		$	2,627			35
Renewal premiums		14,306			2			14,088			(1	)

Total premiums		17,347			4			16,715			3
Reinsurance ceded		(639	)		(9	)		(703	)		(17	)

Premiums, net	$	16,708			4		$	16,012			4

Insurance revenues increased 4% in the first quarter of 2011 compared with the prior year. Total new premiums increased $0.4 million or 16%, while total renewal premiums increased $0.2 million or 2%. The increase in new premiums reflects a combination of expanded distribution efforts and improved agency productivity. Old American continues to experience favorable results from a focus on the recruitment and development of new agencies and agents, along with improved production from existing agencies and agents.

Net investment income increased $0.1 million or 2% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010. This improvement reflected an increase in average investment assets and higher yields earned on the investment portfolio.

Old American had a net realized investment gain of $0.1 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared with a $0.3 million gain in 2010. Write-downs of certain investment securities totaled less than $0.1 million in the first quarter of 2011. Offsetting this were gains on calls on selected securities of $0.1 million.

The Company’s analysis of securities for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 resulted in the determination that one fixed-maturity security had an other-than-temporary impairment affecting the Old American segment and was written down by less than $0.1 million. The total fair value of the affected security after the write-down was $3.3 million.

Policyholder benefits increased $1.2 million or 10% in the first quarter versus last year. The increase was largely due to an increase in death benefits compared with the prior year. Mortality fluctuations occur each period. The Company monitors these fluctuations in relation to its pricing expectations. While death benefits increased during the first quarter of 2011, the results remained within pricing expectations.

Amortization of deferred acquisition costs increased $0.6 million or 20% in the first quarter versus last year. The increase was primarily due an increase in the number of policy terminations experienced in the first quarter of 2011.

Operating expenses consist of commissions, net of the capitalization of commissions, expenses from the Company’s operations, the amortization of value of business acquired, and other expenses. Capitalized commissions consist primarily of commissions and non-recurring expenses related to the sale of new policies. Operating expenses decreased $0.4 million or 9% versus last year. The decrease for the first quarter was largely due to decreases in salaries and benefits and agent lead production costs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Statements made in the Company’s 2010 Form 10-K remain pertinent, as the Company’s liquidity position is materially unchanged from year-end 2010.

Management believes that the Company has sufficient sources of liquidity and capital resources to satisfy operational requirements and to finance expansion plans and strategic initiatives for 2011. Primary sources of cash flow are premiums, other insurance considerations and deposits, receipts for policyholder accounts, investment sales and maturities, and investment income. In addition, the Company has access to credit facilities that are available for additional working capital needs or investment opportunities. The principal uses of cash are for the insurance operations, including the purchase of investments, payment of insurance benefits, operating expenses, policyholder and shareholder dividends, income taxes, withdrawals from policyholder accounts and costs related to acquiring new business. There can be no assurance that the Company will continue to generate cash flows at or above current levels or that the ability to borrow under the current credit facilities will be maintained.

The Company performs cash flow testing and adds various levels of stress testing to potential surrender and policy loan levels in order to assess current and near-term cash and liquidity needs. In the event of increased surrenders and other cash needs, the Company has several sources of cash flow, as mentioned above, to meet these needs.

Net cash used for operating activities was $1.5 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2011, compared to net cash used of $0.1 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2010. This reflected a decrease in premium receipts and an increase in federal income taxes paid. These were partially offset by a decrease in expenses paid and an increase in investment income.

Net cash used for investing activities was $9.3 million, down from net cash provided of $0.3 million for the same period in 2010. The Company’s new investments in fixed maturity and equity securities were $79.1 million for the three months, a 28% decrease from $109.4 million in the prior year. New investments in mortgage loans were $15.5 million for the first quarter, compared with $6.9 million last year. Purchases of real estate totaled $2.9 million, up from $2.1 million in 2010. Sales and maturities of fixed maturity and equity securities totaled $74.5 million for the first quarter of 2011, a 5% decrease versus a year ago. Mortgage loan maturities and principal paydowns totaled $19.9 million, compared to $8.0 million last year.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $10.2 million for the first quarter of 2011, compared with net cash provided of $0.6 million a year ago. This change was primarily the result of three items. First, deposits net of related withdrawals policyholder account balances, provided $11.4 million in the first quarter of 2011, compared with $1.7 million during the same period in 2010. Second, change in other deposits provided $1.0 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $3.3 million in the same period in 2010. Third, the Company’s net disposition of treasury stock in 2011 was less than $0.1 million compared to a net acquisition of $2.1 million the first quarter of 2010.

The above information excludes net proceeds from variable insurance products. These proceeds are segregated into separate accounts and are not held in the Company’s general investments because the policyholders, rather than the Company, assume the underlying investment risks.

Debt and Short-term Borrowing

The Company and certain subsidiaries have access to borrowing capacity through their membership affiliation with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines (FHLB). At March 31, 2011, there were no outstanding balances with the FHLB, and there were no outstanding balances at year-end 2010. The Company has access to unsecured revolving lines of credit of $60.0 million with two major commercial banks with no balances outstanding. These lines of credit will expire on June 30, 2011. The Company anticipates renewing these lines of credit as they come due.

Capital Resources

The Company considers existing capital resources to be adequate to support the current level of business activities. In addition, the Company’s statutory equity exceeds the minimum capital deemed necessary to support its insurance business, as determined by the risk-based capital calculations and guidelines established by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. The Company believes these statutory limitations impose no practical restrictions on its dividend payment plans.

The following table shows the capital adequacy for the Company.


	March 31 2011		December 31 2010
Total assets, excluding separate accounts	$	4,002,853	$	3,994,073
Total stockholders’ equity		681,276		679,472
Ratio of stockholders’ equity to assets, excluding separate accounts		17%		17%

The ratio of equity to assets less separate accounts remained 17% at March 31, 2011, unchanged from December 31, 2010. Unrealized investment gains on available for sale securities, which are included as a part of stockholders’ equity (net of securities losses, related taxes, policyholder account balances and deferred acquisition costs), totaled $43.8 million at March 31, 2011. This represents an increase of $0.1 million in net gains from the $43.7 million in net unrealized investment gains at year-end 2010. Stockholders’ equity increased $1.8 million from year-end 2010. This improvement was largely due to growth in retained earnings.

In January 2011, the stock repurchase program was extended by the Board of Directors through January 2012 to permit purchase of up to one million of the Company’s shares on the open market. During the quarter ended March 31, 2011, the Company made no purchases of stock under this plan. In the first quarter of 2010, the Company purchased 68,177 shares for $2.1 million under this program.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2011, the employee stock ownership plan purchased 15 shares of treasury stock and sold 229 shares for a net change in treasury stock of less than $0.1 million. The employee stock ownership plan held 28,441 shares of the Company’s stock at March 31, 2011.

On April 25, 2011, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.27 per share, unchanged from the prior year, that will be paid May 11, 2011 to stockholders of record as of May 5, 2011. Total stockholder dividends paid were $3.1 million for both of the quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

In the most recent reporting periods, financial market volatility and liquidity have shown continued improvement. While the improvement has been fairly broad-based, normal market conditions have not yet returned in all sectors or markets. Periods of volatility and market uncertainty represent a heightened risk for all financial institutions. Such events could negatively affect the Company and policyholder activity, such as a reduction in sales, increased policy surrenders, increased policy loans and reduced earnings. The Company has factored these risks into its risk management processes and its disclosures of financial condition.

Please refer to the Company’s 2010 Form 10-K for a more complete discussion of quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

As required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b), Kansas City Life Insurance Company management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this report, of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e). Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report. As required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(d), Kansas City Life Insurance Company management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, also conducted an evaluation of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting to determine whether any changes occurred during the period covered by this report materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Based on that evaluation, there has been no such change during the period covered by this report.

Part II: Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The life insurance industry, including the Company and its subsidiaries, has been subject to an increase in litigation in recent years. Such litigation has been pursued on behalf of purported classes of insurance purchasers, often questioning the conduct of insurers in the marketing of their products.

In addition to the above, the Company and its subsidiaries are defendants in, or subject to, other claims or legal actions. Some of these claims and legal actions are in jurisdictions where juries are given substantial latitude in assessing damages, including punitive damages. Although no assurances can be given and no determinations can be made at this time, management believes that the ultimate liability, if any, with respect to these other claims and legal actions would not have a material effect on the Company’s business, results of operations or financial position.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Risk factors and cautionary factors have not changed materially from those disclosed in Item 1A. Risk Factors in the Company’s 2010 Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased Open Market/ Benefit Plans			Average Purchase Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as a Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
1/1/11 - 1/31/11		-	¹	$	-		-		1,000,000
		15	²		32.44
2/1/11 - 2/28/11		-	¹		-		-		1,000,000
		-	²		-
3/1/11 - 3/31/11		-	¹		-		-		1,000,000
		-	²		-

Total		15					-

¹	On January 24, 2011, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 1,000,000 shares of its common stock through January 22, 2012.

²	Included in this column are the total shares purchased from the employee stock ownership plan sponsored by the Company during the consecutive months of January through March 2011.

Item 5. Other Information

3520 Broadway, Kansas City, MO 64111

Contact:

Tracy W. Knapp, Chief Financial Officer,

(816) 753-7299, Ext. 8216

For Immediate Release: April 29, 2011, press release reporting financial results for the first quarter of 2011.

Kansas City Life Announces First Quarter 2011 Results

Kansas City Life Insurance Company recorded net income of $4.8 million or $0.42 per share in the first quarter of 2011, an increase of $3.8 million or $0.34 per share from the same quarter in the prior year. The increase in earnings was primarily due to a $3.2 million increase in total investment income and a $3.2 million decrease in policyholder benefits and interest credited to policyholder account balances. Partially offsetting these improvements was a decrease in insurance revenues of $1.8 million and an increase in the amortization of deferred acquisition costs (DAC) of $0.6 million.

Total premiums decreased $1.2 million or 3% for the first quarter compared to the prior year, primarily the result of reduced immediate annuity premiums of $2.4 million. New individual life insurance premiums increased $0.5 million or 12% versus the same period one year ago, largely due to a $0.4 million or 16% increase in new sales in the Old American segment. In addition, new group accident and health premiums increased $0.3 million or 9%. The growth in accident and health premiums reflected an increase in group disability products that was greater than a decline in group dental premiums.

Total deposits increased $3.7 million or 7% in the first quarter versus the same period one year earlier. The growth in total deposits was driven by a $3.9 million or 35% increase in new fixed deferred annuity sales and a $2.6 million or 8% increase in total renewal deposits. Partially offsetting these increases was a $2.1 million or 35% decrease in new variable annuity deposits and a $0.6 million or 17% decrease in new universal life and variable universal life deposits.

Net investment revenues increased $2.1 million or 5% versus one year earlier. Gross investment income increased primarily as a result of an increased allocation to commercial mortgage investments and improved returns from an alternative investment fund. Income from fixed maturity securities was materially unchanged, as increased volume was offset by a reduction in portfolio yield. The Company recorded net realized investment gains of $0.8 million in the first quarter of 2011, an improvement of $1.1 million compared with the prior year. This change is consistent with the overall improvement in the fixed income markets.

Policyholder benefits and interest credited to policyholder account balances decreased $3.2 million or 5% compared to the same period one year earlier. This decrease was primarily the result of a $6.1 million decline in benefit and contract reserves. This decrease was mostly the result of greater reserves released from higher net death benefits and lower sales of immediate annuities. Net death benefits increased $3.5 million due to an unfavorable change in mortality relative to the prior year, and immediate annuity premiums declined $2.4 million.

The amortization of DAC increased $0.6 million or 7% for the first quarter. The increase was primarily the result of increased policy terminations, as certain policies lapsed during the quarter. Finally, operating expenses declined $0.3 million in the first quarter, primarily reflecting reduced professional fees and data processing costs.

On April 25, 2011, the Kansas City Life Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.27 per share that will be paid on May 11, 2011 to stockholders of record on May 5, 2011.

The improved results compared with one year earlier reflect the Company’s ability to maintain a long term orientation and find creative ways to add value for policyholders and stockholders. In support of that mission, the Company continues to pursue growth through the recruitment and retention of agents and general agents who are successful in assisting customers in meeting their financial protection needs. Further, the Company is committed to maintaining an array of competitive products to meet those needs and delivering Security Assured to each and every policyholder.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company (NASDAQ: KCLI) was established in 1895 and is based in Kansas City, Missouri. The Company’s primary business is providing financial protection through the sale of life insurance and annuities. The Company’s revenues were $431.4 million in 2010, and assets and life insurance in force were $4.3 billion and $29.7 billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2010. The Company operates in 49 states and the District of Columbia. For more information, please visit www.kclife.com.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Condensed Consolidated Income Statement (Unaudited)

(amounts in thousands, except share data)


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2011		2010

Revenues	$	108,459	$	107,082


Net income	$	4,791	$	963


Net income per share, basic and diluted	$	0.42	$	0.08


Dividends paid	$	0.27	$	0.27


Average number of shares outstanding		11,467,208		11,526,435

Item 6. Exhibits

(a)

Exhibits:

31(a)

Section 302 Certification.

31(b)

Section 302 Certification.

Section 1350 Certification.

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


		KANSAS CITY LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
		(Registrant)

/s/ R. Philip Bixby
R. Philip Bixby
President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board

/s/ Tracy W. Knapp
Tracy W. Knapp
Senior Vice President, Finance

Date: April 29, 2011

KANSAS CITY LIFE INSURANCE CO - FORM 10-Q - April 29, 2011

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