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8-K - HANCOCK HOLDING COMPANY 8-K 3-21-2011 - HANCOCK WHITNEY CORPform8k.htm
EX-99.2 - EXHIBIT 99.2 - HANCOCK WHITNEY CORPex99_2.htm
EX-23.1 - EXHIBIT 23.1 - HANCOCK WHITNEY CORPex23_1.htm

Exhibit 99.1
 
MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
 
The management of Whitney Holding Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Management used the framework of criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission to conduct an evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Based on that evaluation, management concluded that internal control over financial reporting for the Company as of December 31, 2010 was effective.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which follows.

 
 

 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
 
To Shareholders and Board of Directors
of Whitney Holding Corporation:
 
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in shareholders' equity and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Whitney Holding Corporation and its subsidiaries (the "Company") at December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying "Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting." Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
 
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
 New Orleans, Louisiana
March 1, 2011

 
 

 

WHITNEY HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
 
   
December 31
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
ASSETS
           
Cash and due from financial institutions
  $ 210,368     $ 216,347  
Federal funds sold and short-term investments
    445,392       212,219  
Loans held for sale
    198,351       33,745  
Investment securities
               
Securities available for sale
    1,968,245       1,875,495  
Securities held to maturity, fair values of $638,195 and $180,384, respectively
    641,357       174,945  
Total investment securities
    2,609,602       2,050,440  
Loans, net of unearned income
    7,234,726       8,403,443  
Allowance for loan losses
    (216,843 )     (223,671 )
Net loans
    7,017,883       8,179,772  
Bank premises and equipment
    232,475       223,142  
Goodwill
    435,678       435,678  
Other intangible assets
    8,922       14,116  
Accrued interest receivable
    29,078       32,841  
Other assets
    611,030       493,841  
Total assets
  $ 11,798,779     $ 11,892,141  
LIABILITIES
               
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
  $ 3,523,518     $ 3,301,354  
Interest-bearing deposits
    5,879,885       5,848,540  
Total deposits
    9,403,403       9,149,894  
Short-term borrowings
    543,492       734,606  
Long-term debt
    219,571       199,707  
Accrued interest payable
    9,722       11,908  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    98,257       114,962  
Total liabilities
    10,274,445       10,211,077  
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
               
Preferred stock, no par value
               
Authorized, 20,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding, 300,000 shares
    296,242       294,974  
Common stock, no par value
               
Authorized - 200,000,000 shares
               
Issued - 97,142,069 and 96,947,377 shares, respectively
    2,800       2,800  
Capital surplus
    620,547       617,038  
Retained earnings
    628,546       790,481  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (11,104 )     (11,532 )
Treasury stock at cost - 500,000 shares
    (12,697 )     (12,697 )
Total shareholders' equity
    1,524,334       1,681,064  
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
  $ 11,798,779     $ 11,892,141  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 
1

 

WHITNEY HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

   
Years Ended December 31
 
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
INTEREST INCOME
                 
Interest and fees on loans
  $ 391,123     $ 435,613     $ 483,009  
Interest and dividends on investment securities
                       
Taxable securities
    74,608       75,390       82,461  
Tax-exempt securities
    6,445       7,685       8,643  
Interest on federal funds sold and short-term investments
    833       610       1,753  
Total interest income
    473,009       519,298       575,866  
INTEREST EXPENSE
                       
Interest on deposits
    40,887       63,345       91,596  
Interest on short-term borrowings
    1,098       2,531       18,974  
Interest on long-term debt
    10,179       9,990       9,651  
Total interest expense
    52,164       75,866       120,221  
NET INTEREST INCOME
    420,845       443,432       455,645  
PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES
    315,000       259,000       134,000  
NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES
    105,845       184,432       321,645  
NONINTEREST INCOME
                       
Service charges on deposit accounts
    33,920       37,699       34,050  
Bank card fees
    24,934       19,886       17,670  
Trust service fees
    11,868       11,984       12,948  
Secondary mortgage market operations
    9,849       9,406       4,899  
Other noninterest income
    39,935       40,641       37,538  
Securities transactions
    -       334       67  
Total noninterest income
    120,506       119,950       107,172  
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
                       
Employee compensation
    163,211       158,116       150,614  
Employee benefits
    38,724       43,223       32,808  
Total personnel
    201,935       201,339       183,422  
Net occupancy
    39,258       38,810       35,906  
Equipment and data processing
    29,029       25,770       25,035  
Legal and other professional services
    34,190       19,556       13,612  
Deposit insurance and regulatory fees
    23,412       24,260       5,373  
Telecommunication and postage
    11,435       12,288       11,118  
Corporate value and franchise taxes
    6,445       8,684       9,312  
Amortization of intangibles
    5,194       8,767       7,785  
Provision for valuation losses on foreclosed assets
    25,128       11,660       1,260  
Nonlegal loan collection and other foreclosed asset costs
    13,225       8,418       2,696  
Merger transaction expense
    4,086       -       -  
Other noninterest expense
    69,992       56,842       55,575  
Total noninterest expense
    463,329       416,394       351,094  
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES
    (236,978 )     (112,012 )     77,723  
INCOME TAX EXPENSE (BENEFIT)
    (95,212 )     (49,866 )     19,138  
NET INCOME (LOSS)
  $ (141,766 )   $ (62,146 )   $ 58,585  
Preferred stock dividends
    16,268       16,226       588  
NET INCOME (LOSS) TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS
  $ (158,034 )   $ (78,372 )   $ 57,997  
EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE
                       
Basic
  $ (1.64 )   $ (1.08 )   $ .89  
Diluted
    (1.64 )     (1.08 )     .88  
WEIGHTED-AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING
                       
Basic
    96,626,872       72,824,964       64,767,708  
Diluted
    96,626,872       72,824,964       65,087,861  
CASH DIVIDENDS PER COMMON SHARE
  $ .04     $ .04     $ 1.13  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
 
2

 

WHITNEY HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

(dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)
 
Preferred Stock
   
Common
Shares
   
Common Stock and Capital Surplus
   
Retained
Earnings
   
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
   
Treasury Stock
   
Total
 
Balance at December 31, 2007
  $ -       65,826     $ 411,066     $ 885,792     $ (18,803 )   $ (49,319 )   $ 1,228,736  
Comprehensive income (loss):
                                                       
Net income
    -       -       -       58,585       -       -       58,585  
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                                                       
Unrealized net holding gain on securities, net of reclassifications and tax
    -       -       -       -       20,386       -       20,386  
Net change in prior service cost or credit and net actuarial loss on retirement plans, net of tax
    -       -       -       -       (27,535 )     -       (27,535 )
Total comprehensive income (loss)
    -       -       -       58,585       (7,149 )     -       51,436  
Common stock dividends, $1.13 per share
    -       -       -       (73,871 )     -       -       (73,871 )
Preferred stock dividend and discount accretion
    46       -       -       (588 )     -       -       (542 )
Common stock issued in business combination
    -       3,331       (20,277 )     -       -       81,229       60,952  
Common stock issued to dividend reinvestment plan
    -       146       (358 )     -       -       3,753       3,395  
Employee incentive plan common stock activity
    -       47       3,935       -       -       1,213       5,148  
Director compensation plan common stock activity
    -       35       (203 )     -       -       911       708  
Common stock acquired under repurchase program
    -       (2,040 )     -       -       -       (50,484 )     (50,484 )
Preferred stock issued, with common stock warrants
    293,660       -       6,340       -       -       -       300,000  
Balance at December 31, 2008
  $ 293,706       67,345     $ 400,503     $ 869,918     $ (25,952 )   $ (12,697 )   $ 1,525,478  
Comprehensive income (loss):
                                                       
Net loss
    -       -       -       (62,146 )     -       -       (62,146 )
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                                                       
Unrealized net holding gain on securities, net of reclassifications and tax
    -       -       -       -       4,880       -       4,880  
Net change in prior service cost or credit and net actuarial loss on retirement plans, net of tax
    -       -       -       -       9,540       -       9,540  
Total comprehensive income (loss)
    -       -       -       (62,146 )     14,420       -       (47,726 )
Common stock dividends, $.04 per share
    -       -       -       (2,981 )     -       -       (2,981 )
Preferred stock dividend and discount accretion
    1,268       -       -       (14,310 )     -       -       (13,042 )
Common stock offering
    -       28,750       217,917       -       -       -       217,917  
Common stock issued to dividend reinvestment plan
    -       50       717       -       -       -       717  
Employee incentive plan common stock activity
    -       258       349       -       -       -       349  
Director compensation plan common stock activity
    -       44       352       -       -       -       352  
Balance at December 31, 2009
  $ 294,974       96,447     $ 619,838     $ 790,481     $ (11,532 )   $ (12,697 )   $ 1,681,064  
Comprehensive income (loss):
                                                       
Net loss
    -       -       -       (141,766 )     -       -       (141,766 )
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                                                       
Unrealized net holding loss on securities, net of reclassifications and tax
    -       -       -       -       (2,154 )     -       (2,154 )
Net change in prior service cost or credit and net actuarial loss on retirement plans, net of tax
    -       -       -       -       2,582       -       2,582  
Total comprehensive income (loss)
    -       -       -       (141,766 )     428       -       (141,338 )
Common stock dividends, $.04 per share
    -       -       -       (3,901 )     -       -       (3,901 )
Preferred stock dividend and discount accretion
    1,268       -       -       (16,268 )     -       -       (15,000 )
Common stock issued to dividend reinvestment plan
    -       18       175       -       -       -       175  
Employee incentive plan common stock activity
    -       134       2,933       -       -       -       2,933  
Director compensation plan common stock activity
    -       43       401       -       -       -       401  
Balance at December 31, 2010
  $ 296,242       96,642     $ 623,347     $ 628,546     $ (11,104 )   $ (12,697 )   $ 1,524,334  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
 
3

 

WHITNEY HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

    Years Ended December 31  
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
                 
Net income (loss)
  $ (141,766 )   $ (62,146 )   $ 58,585  
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
                       
Depreciation and amortization of bank premises and equipment
    22,486       20,356       19,033  
Amortization of purchased intangibles
    5,194       8,767       7,785  
Share-based compensation earned
    5,450       5,132       8,118  
Premium amortization and discount accretion on securities, net
    5,224       2,546       1,127  
Provision for credit losses and losses on foreclosed assets
    340,128       270,660       135,260  
Net gains on asset dispositions
    (701 )     (2,903 )     (2,263 )
Deferred tax benefit
    (64,782 )     (23,176 )     (14,122 )
Net (increase) decrease in loans originated and held for sale
    (6,562 )     (12,972 )     5,125  
Net (increase) decrease in interest and other income receivable and prepaid expenses
    (16,313 )     (89,104 )     748  
Net decrease in interest payable and accrued income taxes and expenses
    (1,290 )     (28,547 )     (50,131 )
Other, net
    (6,968 )     (506 )     (12,619 )
Net cash provided by operating activities
    140,100       88,107       156,646  
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
                       
Proceeds from sales of investment securities available for sale
    -       22,640       91,711  
Proceeds from maturities of investment securities available for sale
    677,127       594,666       571,303  
Purchases of investment securities available for sale
    (803,936 )     (732,804 )     (576,436 )
Proceeds from maturities of investment securities held to maturity
    29,595       35,331       80,829  
Purchases of investment securities held to maturity
    (496,111 )     -       (5,050 )
Net (increase) decrease in loans
    595,974       428,579       (980,660 )
Net (increase) decrease in federal funds sold and short-term investments
    (233,173 )     (44,951 )     383,334  
Purchases under bank-owned life insurance program
    -       -       (150,000 )
Proceeds from sales of foreclosed assets and surplus property
    49,185       28,083       10,634  
Purchases of bank premises and equipment
    (32,942 )     (34,979 )     (14,308 )
Net cash paid in acquisition
    -       -       (80,287 )
Other, net
    6,300       (22,801 )     (2,936 )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    (207,981 )     273,764       (671,866 )
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
                       
Net increase in transaction account and savings account deposits
    385,471       533,490       253,654  
Net decrease in time deposits
    (131,859 )     (644,626 )     (221,304 )
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings
    (191,114 )     (542,030 )     316,852  
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt
    20,116       20,773       11,883  
Repayment of long-term debt
    (46 )     (98 )     (8,439 )
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
    175       218,634       4,279  
Purchases of common stock
    (606 )     (1,087 )     (52,588 )
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, with common stock warrants
    -       -       300,000  
Cash dividends on common stock
    (3,879 )     (13,250 )     (78,590 )
Cash dividends on preferred stock
    (15,000 )     (13,584 )     -  
Other, net
    (1,356 )     (3,365 )     (1,107 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    61,902       (445,143 )     524,640  
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (5,979 )     (83,272 )     9,420  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    216,347       299,619       290,199  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 210,368     $ 216,347     $ 299,619  
Cash received during the period for:
                       
Interest income
  $ 473,288     $ 522,203     $ 572,207  
Cash paid (refund received) during the period for:
                       
Interest expense
  $ 54,523     $ 84,381     $ 129,518  
Income taxes
    (8,800 )     1,675       38,500  
Noncash investing activities:
                       
Foreclosed assets received in settlement of loans
  $ 107,120     $ 59,176     $ 29,636  
Nonperforming loans reclassified as held for sale
    158,045       -       -  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 
4

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
NOTE 1
NATURE OF BUSINESS
 
Whitney Holding Corporation is a Louisiana bank holding company headquartered in New Orleans, Louisiana. Its principal subsidiary is Whitney National Bank (the Bank), which represents virtually all its operations and net income.
 
The Bank, which has been in continuous operation since 1883, engages in community banking in its market area stretching across the five-state Gulf Coast region, including the Houston, Texas metropolitan area, southern Louisiana, the coastal region of Mississippi, central and south Alabama, the panhandle of Florida, and the Tampa Bay metropolitan area of Florida. The Bank offers commercial and retail banking products and services, including trust products and investment services, to the customers in the communities it serves. Southern Coastal Insurance Agency, Inc., a wholly-owned Bank subsidiary, offers personal and business insurance products to customers primarily in northwest Florida and the New Orleans metropolitan area.
 
Proposed Merger with Hancock Holding Company
On December 22, 2010, Whitney and Hancock Holding Company (Hancock) announced a strategic business combination in which Whitney will merge with and into Hancock. If the merger is completed, holders of Whitney common stock will receive .418 of a share of Hancock common stock in exchange for each share of Whitney common stock held immediately prior to the merger, subject to the payment of cash in lieu of fractional shares. Whitney will hold a special meeting of Whitney shareholders where holders of Whitney common stock will be asked to vote to adopt and approve the merger agreement and certain other matters. Adoption and approval of the merger agreement requires the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the voting power present at the meeting, assuming a quorum is present. Consummation of the merger is contingent upon regulatory and both Whitney and Hancock shareholder approval and other closing conditions.
 
NOTE 2
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT PRONOUNCEMENTS
 
Whitney Holding Corporation and its subsidiaries (the Company or Whitney) follow accounting and reporting policies that conform with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and those generally practiced within the banking industry. The following is a summary of the more significant accounting policies.
 
Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Whitney Holding Corporation and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Whitney reports the balances and results of operations from business combinations accounted for as purchases from the respective dates of acquisition (see Note 3).
 
Use of Estimates
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, the Company is required to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
 
Investment Securities
Securities are classified as trading, held to maturity or available for sale. Management determines the classification of securities when they are purchased and reevaluates this classification periodically as conditions change that could require reclassification.

 
5

 

Trading account securities are bought and held principally for resale in the near term. They are carried at fair value with realized and unrealized gains or losses reflected in noninterest income. Trading account securities are immaterial in each period presented and have been included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
 
Securities that the Company both positively intends and has the ability to hold to maturity are classified as securities held to maturity and are carried at amortized cost. The intent and ability to hold are not considered satisfied when a security is available to be sold in response to changes in interest rates, prepayment rates, liquidity needs or other reasons as part of an overall asset/liability management strategy.
 
Securities not meeting the criteria to be classified as either trading securities or securities held to maturity are classified as available for sale and are carried at fair value. Unrealized holding losses, other than those determined to be other than temporary, and unrealized holding gains are excluded from net income and are recognized, net of tax, in other comprehensive income and in accumulated other comprehensive income, a separate component of shareholders’ equity.
 
Premiums and discounts on securities, both those held to maturity and those available for sale, are amortized and accreted to income as an adjustment to the securities’ yields using the interest method. Realized gains and losses on securities, including declines in value judged to be other than temporary, are reported net as a component of noninterest income. The cost of securities sold is specifically identified for use in calculating realized gains and losses.
 
Loans Held for Sale
Loans originated for sale are carried at the lower of either cost or market value. At times, management may decide to sell loans that were not originated for that purpose. These loans are reclassified as held for sale when that decision is made and are also carried at the lower of cost or market.
 
Loans
Loans are carried at the principal amounts outstanding net of unearned income. Interest on loans and accretion of unearned income, including deferred loan fees, are computed in a manner that approximates a level rate of return on recorded principal.
 
The Company stops accruing interest on a loan when the borrower’s ability to meet contractual payments is in doubt. For commercial and real estate loans, a loan is placed on nonaccrual status generally when it is ninety days past due as to principal or interest, and the loan is not otherwise both well secured and in the process of collection. When a loan is moved to nonaccrual status, any accrued but uncollected interest is reversed against interest income. Interest payments on nonaccrual loans are used to reduce the reported loan principal under the cost recovery method if the collection of the remaining principal is not reasonably assured; otherwise, such payments are recognized as interest income when received. A loan on nonaccrual status may be reinstated to accrual status when full payment of contractual principal and interest is expected and this expectation is supported by current sustained performance.
 
A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that all amounts will not be collected as they become due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Generally, impaired loans are accounted for on a nonaccrual basis. The extent of impairment is measured as discussed below in the section entitled “Allowance for Loan Losses.”
 
Allowance for Loan Losses
Management’s evaluation of credit risk in the loan portfolio is reflected in the estimate of probable losses inherent in the portfolio that is reported in the Company’s financial statements as the allowance for loan losses. Changes in this evaluation over time are reflected in the provision for credit losses charged to expense. As actual loan losses are incurred, they are charged against the allowance. Subsequent recoveries are added back to the allowance when collected. The methodology for determining the allowance involves significant judgment, and important factors that influence this judgment are re-evaluated by management quarterly to respond to changing conditions.

 
6

 

The process for determining the recorded allowance involves three key elements: (1) establishing specific allowances as needed for loans evaluated for impairment; (2) developing loss factors based on historical loss experience for nonimpaired commercial loans grouped by geography, loan product type and internal risk rating and for homogeneous groups of residential and consumer loans; and (3) determining appropriate adjustments to historical loss factors based on management’s assessment of current economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors both internal and external to the Company.
 
The historical loss factors for commercial loans are determined with reference to the results of migration analysis, which analyzes the charge-off experience over time for loans within each grouping. The historical loss factors for homogeneous loan groups are based on average historical charge-off information. Management adjusts historical loss factors based on its assessment of whether current conditions, both internal and external, would be adequately reflected in these factors. Internally, management must consider such matters as whether trends have been identified in the quality of underwriting and loan administration as well as in the timely identification of credit quality issues. Management also monitors shifts in portfolio concentrations and other changes in portfolio characteristics that indicate levels of risk not fully captured in the loss factors. External factors include local and national economic trends, as well as changes in the economic fundamentals of specific industries that are well-represented in Whitney’s customer base. Applying the adjusted loss factors to the corresponding loan groups yields an allowance that represents management’s best estimate of probable losses. Management has established policies and procedures to help ensure a consistent approach to this inherently judgmental process.
 
A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that all contractual amounts will not be collected as they come due. Specific allowances are determined for impaired loans based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s contractual interest rate, the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent, or, when available, the loan’s observable market price. The most probable source of repayment for the majority of the Company’s impaired loans at December 31, 2010 was from liquidation of the underlying real estate collateral, and such loans have been deemed to be collateral dependent.
 
Third-party property appraisals are obtained prior to the origination of loans secured by real estate. Updated appraisals are obtained when certain events occur, such as the refinancing of the loan, the renewal of the loan or if the credit quality of the loan deteriorates. Annual appraisals are generally required once the credit risk on a loan has been rated substandard. In situations where an updated appraisal has not been received, the Company monitors factors that can positively or negatively impact property value, such as the date of the last valuation, the volatility of property values in specific markets, changes in the value of similar properties and changes in the characteristics of individual properties. Changes in collateral value can affect a loan’s risk rating or its impairment evaluation and thereby impact the allowance for credit losses. Whitney’s policy is to recognize a loan charge-off promptly when the collection of the loan is sufficiently questionable based on the current assessment of the present and future cash flow potential available to liquidate the debt. The Bank generally employs a third-party appraisal when assessing collateral value for the purpose of determining the need for and amount of a charge-off. At foreclosure, a new appraisal is obtained and the foreclosed property is recorded at the new valuation less estimated selling costs.
 
The Company’s internal property valuation professionals review and approve third-party commercial real estate appraisals. The appraisals are based on an orderly disposition and marketing period of the property. In limited instances, the Company adjusts externally provided appraisals for justifiable and well-supported reasons, such as the age of the appraisal, an appraiser’s unfamiliarity with certain property-specific factors or recent sales information. Appraisals generally represent the “as is” value of the property but may contain a value “upon completion” or “upon stabilization” of lease-up for construction loans. Appraised values also may be adjusted to reflect our intended disposition strategy.
 
The monitoring of credit risk also extends to unfunded credit commitments, such as unused commercial credit lines and letters of credit, and management establishes reserves as needed for its estimate of probable losses on such commitments.

 
7

 

Bank Premises and Equipment
Bank premises and equipment are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed primarily using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets and over the shorter of the lease terms or the estimated lives of leasehold improvements. Useful lives range principally from fifteen to thirty years for buildings and improvements and from three to ten years for furnishings and equipment, including data processing equipment and software. Additions to bank premises and equipment and major replacements or improvements are capitalized.
 
Foreclosed Assets
Collateral acquired through foreclosure or in settlement of loans is reported with other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. With the exception of grandfathered property interests, which are assigned a nominal book value, these assets are recorded at estimated fair value less estimated selling costs. Any initial reduction in the carrying amount of a loan to the fair value of the collateral received is charged to the allowance for loan losses. Subsequent valuation adjustments for foreclosed assets are also included in current earnings, as are the revenues and expenses associated with managing these assets before they are sold.
 
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Whitney has recognized intangible assets in connection with its purchase business combinations. Identifiable intangible assets acquired by the Company have represented mainly the value of the deposit relationships purchased in these transactions. Goodwill represents the purchase price premium over the fair value of the net assets of an acquired business, including identifiable intangible assets.
 
Goodwill must be assessed for impairment annually unless interim events or circumstances make it more likely than not that an impairment loss has occurred. Impairment is defined as the amount by which the implied fair value of the goodwill contained in any reporting unit within a company is less than the goodwill’s carrying value. The Company has assigned all goodwill to one reporting unit that represents Whitney’s overall banking operations. This reporting unit is the same as the operating segment identified below, and its operations constitute substantially all of the Company’s consolidated operations. Impairment losses would be charged to operating expense.
 
Identifiable intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over the periods benefited and are evaluated for impairment similar to other long-lived assets. If the useful life of an identifiable intangible asset is indefinite, the recorded asset is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually by comparison to its estimated fair value.
 
Share-Based Compensation
The grant-date fair value of equity instruments awarded to employees establishes the cost of the services received in exchange, and the cost associated with awards that are expected to vest is recognized over the required service period.
 
Income Taxes
The Company and its subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax return. Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under this method, the expected tax consequences of temporary differences that arise between the tax bases of assets or liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements represent either deferred tax liabilities to be settled in the future or deferred tax assets that will be realized as a reduction of future taxes payable. Currently enacted tax rates and laws are used to calculate the expected tax consequences. Valuation allowances are established against deferred tax assets if, based on all available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the assets will not be realized.
 
The tax benefit of a position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return is recognized in a company’s financial statements when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained based on its technical merits.
 
Earnings per Common Share
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has concluded that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities and must be included in the computation of earnings per common share using the two-class method. Whitney has awarded share-based payments that are considered participating securities under this guidance. The two-class method allocates net income applicable to common shareholders to each class of common stock and participating security according to common dividends declared and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Net losses are not allocated to participating securities because the securities bear no contractual obligation to fund or otherwise share in losses.

 
8

 
 
Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing income applicable to and allocated to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Shares outstanding are adjusted for any unvested restricted shares issued to employees under the long-term incentive compensation plan and for certain shares that will be issued under the directors’ compensation plan.
 
Diluted earnings per common share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding increased by dilutive potential common shares. Potential common shares consist of employee and director stock options, unvested restricted stock units awarded to employees without dividend rights, and stock warrants issued to the U.S. Department of Treasury in December 2008. Performance-based restricted stock units reflect expected performance factors. The number of potential common shares included in the diluted earnings per share calculation is determined using the treasury stock method. These potential common shares do not enter into the calculation of diluted earnings per share if the impact would be anti-dilutive, i.e., increase earnings per share or reduce a loss per share.
 
Statements of Cash Flows
The Company considers only cash on hand, cash items in process of collection and balances due from financial institutions as cash and cash equivalents for purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows.
 
Operating Segment Disclosures
Accounting standards have been established for reporting information about a company’s operating segments using a “management approach.” Reportable segments are identified in these standards as those revenue-producing components for which separate financial information is produced internally and which are subject to evaluation by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources to segments. Consistent with its stated strategy that is focused on providing a consistent package of community banking products and services throughout a coherent market area, Whitney has identified its overall banking operations as its only reportable segment. Because the overall banking operations comprise substantially all of the consolidated operations, no separate segment disclosures are presented.
 
Other
Assets held by the Bank in a fiduciary capacity are not assets of the Bank and are not included in the consolidated balance sheets. Generally, certain minor sources of income are recorded on a cash basis, which does not differ materially from the accrual basis.
 
Accounting Standard Developments
In July 2010, the FASB amended its guidance on disclosures about the credit quality of financing receivables and the allowance for credit losses. This guidance adds to the existing disclosure of credit quality indicators and requires that disclosures about credit quality and the allowance for credit losses be disaggregated by portfolio segment and, in certain cases, by class of financing receivable. A portfolio segment is the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for credit losses, and a class of financing receivable is generally a subset of a portfolio segment. Amended disclosures of end-of-period information are effective for the year ended December 31, 2010 (see Note 8), while other activity-based disclosures will be effective for the Company’s 2011 fiscal year.
 
In January 2010, the FASB issued amended guidance on the disclosure of fair value measurements that added new disclosures and clarified certain existing disclosure requirements. The amended guidance requires disclosure of the amount of and the reason for any significant transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as well as the policy for determining when transfers between levels are recognized. The guidance also requires a more detailed breakdown of the information presented in the reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of Level 3 fair value measurements, including separate information on purchases, sales, issuances, settlements and transfers in or out. The FASB clarified the requirement to disclose valuation techniques and inputs for recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements as well the guidance on how assets and liabilities should be disaggregated for the fair value measurement disclosures. Most of this amended guidance is effective for Whitney beginning in 2010, except the more detailed reconciliation of Level 3 measurements which is effective for 2011.

 
9

 
 
In June 2009, the FASB amended its guidance on accounting for transfers of financial assets. The amended guidance eliminates the concept of qualifying special-purpose entities and requires that these entities be evaluated for consolidation under applicable accounting guidance, and it also removes the exception that permitted sale accounting for certain mortgage securitizations when control over the transferred assets had not been surrendered. Based on this new standard, many types of transferred financial assets that would previously have been derecognized will now remain on the transferor’s financial statements. The guidance also requires enhanced disclosures about transfers of financial assets and the transferor’s continuing involvement with those assets and related risk exposure. The new guidance was effective for Whitney beginning in 2010. Adoption of this new guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.
 
Also in June 2009, the FASB issued amended guidance on accounting for variable interest entities (VIEs). This guidance replaces the quantitative-based risks and rewards calculation for determining which enterprise might have a controlling financial interest in a VIE. The new, more qualitative evaluation focuses on who has the power to direct the significant economic activities of the VIE and also has the obligation to absorb losses or rights to receive benefits from the VIE. It also requires an ongoing reassessment of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE and calls for certain expanded disclosures about an enterprise’s involvement with VIEs. The new guidance was also effective for Whitney’s 2010 fiscal year and did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.
 
NOTE 3
ACQUISITIONS
 
In November 2008, Whitney completed its acquisition of Parish National Corporation (Parish), the parent of Parish National Bank. Parish National Bank operated 16 banking centers, primarily on the north shore of Lake Pontchartrain and other parts of the metropolitan New Orleans area, and had $771 million in total assets, including a loan portfolio of $606 million, and $636 million in deposits at the acquisition date. The transaction was valued at approximately $158 million, with approximately $97 million paid to Parish’s shareholders in cash and the remainder in Whitney stock totaling approximately 3.33 million shares. Applying purchase accounting to this transaction, the Company recorded goodwill of $104 million and a $13 million intangible asset for the estimated value of deposit relationships with a weighted-average life of approximately three years.
 
The acquired banking operations have been merged into the Bank. Whitney’s financial statements include the results from acquired operations since the acquisition dates.
 
NOTE 4
FEDERAL FUNDS SOLD AND SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
 
The balance of federal funds sold and short-term investments included the following.

   
December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Federal funds sold
  $ 19,000     $ 11,150  
Other short-term interest-bearing investments and deposits
    426,392       201,069  
Total
  $ 445,392     $ 212,219  
 
Federal funds at December 31, 2010 were sold on an overnight basis. Interest-bearing deposits at December 31, 2010 included $412 million with the regional Federal Reserve Bank. At December 31, 2010, interest-bearing deposits totaling approximately $12 million were pledged to secure the Bank’s obligations to certain counterparties under derivative financial instruments and its conditional obligations associated with certain off­balance-sheet financial instruments.

 
10

 

NOTE 5
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
 
Summary information about securities available for sale and securities held to maturity follows. Mortgage-backed securities are issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and substantially all are backed by residential mortgage loans.
 
   
Amortized
   
Unrealized
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
 
(in thousands)
 
Cost
   
Gains
   
Losses
   
Value
 
Securities Available for Sale
 
December 31, 2010
                       
Mortgage-backed securities
  $ 1,861,026     $ 43,869     $ 8,946     $ 1,895,949  
                                 
U. S. agency securities
    18,633       -       285       18,348  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    4,895       230       3       5,122  
Other securities
    48,826       -       -       48,826  
Total
  $ 1,933,380     $ 44,099     $ 9,234     $ 1,968,245  
December 31, 2009
                               
Mortgage-backed securities
  $ 1,673,136     $ 38,435     $ 2,806     $ 1,708,765  
U. S. agency securities
    100,131       2,260       -       102,391  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    6,376       293       3       6,666  
Other securities
    57,673       -       -       57,673  
Total
  $ 1,837,316     $ 40,988     $ 2,809     $ 1,875,495  
Securities Held to Maturity
                               
December 31, 2010
                               
Mortgage-backed securities
  $ 395,177     $ -     $ 5,482     $ 389,695  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    146,180       4,029       255       149,954  
Corporate debt securities
    100,000       -       1,454       98,546  
Total
  $ 641,357     $ 4,029     $ 7,191     $ 638,195  
December 31, 2009
                               
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
  $ 174,945     $ 5,464     $ 25     $ 180,384  
Total
  $ 174,945     $ 5,464     $ 25     $ 180,384  
 
The following summarizes securities with unrealized losses at December 31, 2010 and 2009 by the period over which the security’s fair value had been continuously less than its amortized cost as of each year end.

December 31, 2010
 
Less than 12 Months
   
12 Months or Longer
 
(in thousands)
 
Fair
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
 
Securities Available for Sale
                       
Mortgage-backed securities
  $ 409,483     $ 8,946     $ -     $ -  
U. S. agency securities
    18,348       285       -       -  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    300       2       206       1  
Total
  $ 428,131     $ 9,233     $ 206     $ 1  
Securities Held to Maturity
                               
Mortgage-backed securities
  $ 389,696     $ 5,482     $ -     $ -  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    6,187       255       -       -  
Corporate debt securities
    83,546       1,454       -       -  
Total
  $ 479,429     $ 7,191     $ -     $ -  

 
11

 
 
December 31, 2009
 
Less than 12 Months
   
12 Months or Longer
 
(in thousands)
 
Fair Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
 
Securities Available for Sale
                       
Mortgage-backed securities
  $ 504,315     $ 2,806     $ -     $ -  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    235       1       406       2  
Total
  $ 504,550     $ 2,807     $ 406     $ 2  
Securities Held to Maturity
                               
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
  $ 4,279     $ 25     $ -     $ -  
Total
  $ 4,279     $ 25     $ -     $ -  
 
Management evaluates whether unrealized losses on securities represent impairment that is other than temporary. If such impairment is identified, the carrying amount of the security is reduced with a charge to operations or other comprehensive income. In making this evaluation, management first considers the reasons for the indicated impairment. These could include changes in market rates relative to those available when the security was acquired, changes in market expectations about the timing of cash flows from securities that can be prepaid, and changes in the market’s perception of the issuer’s financial health and the security’s credit quality. Management then considers the likelihood of a recovery in fair value sufficient to eliminate the indicated impairment and the length of time over which an anticipated recovery would occur, which could extend to the security’s maturity. Finally, management determines whether there is both the ability and the intent to hold the impaired security until an anticipated recovery, in which case the impairment would be considered temporary. In making this assessment, management considers whether the security continues to be a suitable holding from the perspective of the Company’s overall portfolio and asset/liability management strategies and whether there are other circumstances that would more likely than not require the sale of the security.
 
Substantially all the unrealized losses at December 31, 2010 resulted from increases in market interest rates over the yields available at the time the underlying securities were purchased. Management identified no impairment related to credit quality. In all cases, the indicated impairment would be recovered by the security’s maturity or repricing date or possibly earlier if the market price for the security increases with a reduction in the yield required by the market. At December 31, 2010, management had both the intent and ability to hold these securities until the market-based impairment is recovered. No losses for other-than-temporary impairment were recognized in any of the three years ended December 31, 2010.
 
The following table shows the amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities available for sale and held to maturity grouped by contractual maturity as of December 31, 2010. Debt securities with scheduled repayments, such as mortgage-backed securities, are presented in separate totals. The expected maturity of a security, in particular certain U.S. agency securities and obligations of states and political subdivisions, may differ from its contractual maturity because of the exercise of call options.

 
12

 
 
(in thousands)
 
Amortized
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
Securities Available for Sale
           
Within one year
  $ 948     $ 958  
One to five years
    6,643       6,791  
Five to ten years
    19,687       19,471  
After ten years
    -       -  
Debt securities with single maturities
    27,278       27,220  
Mortgage-backed securities
    1,861,026       1,895,949  
Total
  $ 1,888,304     $ 1,923,169  
Securities Held to Maturity
               
Within one year
  $ 14,209     $ 14,349  
One to five years
    159,767       160,225  
Five to ten years
    51,227       52,669  
After ten years
    20,977       21,257  
Debt securities with single maturities
    246,180       248,500  
Mortgage-backed securities
    395,177       389,695  
Total
  $ 641,357     $ 638,195  
 
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale were $23 million in 2009 and $92 million in 2008. Substantially all of the proceeds in 2008 came from the sale of a portfolio acquired in a business combination. Realized gross gains and losses were insignificant.
 
Securities with carrying values of $1.42 billion at December 31, 2010 and $1.39 billion at December 31, 2009 were sold under repurchase agreements, pledged to secure public deposits or pledged for other purposes.
 
NOTE 6
LOANS HELD FOR SALE
 
Loans held for sale consisted of the following.
 
   
December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Residential mortgage loans originated for sale
  $ 40,306     $ 33,745  
Nonperforming loans reclassified as held for sale
    158,045       -  
Total loans held for sale
  $ 198,351     $ 33,745  
 
Residential mortgage loans originated for sale are carried at the lower of either cost or estimated fair value. Substantially all of these loans are originated under individual purchase commitments from investors.
 
During the fourth quarter of 2010, the Bank implemented a strategy to accelerate the disposition of problem assets and, as a result, reclassified approximately $303 million of nonperforming loans as held for sale. The Bank recorded $139 million of charge-offs to record these loans at the lower of cost or estimated fair value. In January 2011, the Company closed one bulk sale of $83 million in carrying value of nonperforming loans held for sale.

 
13

 

NOTE 7
LOANS

The composition of the Company’s loan portfolio follows.

   
December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
         
2009
       
Commercial & industrial
  $ 2,789,193       38 %   $ 3,075,340       37 %
Owner-occupied real estate
    1,003,162       14       1,079,487       13  
Total commercial & industrial
    3,792,355       52       4,154,827       50  
Construction, land & land development
    945,896       13       1,537,155       18  
Other commercial real estate
    1,122,950       16       1,246,353       15  
Total commercial real estate
    2,068,846       29       2,783,508       33  
Residential mortgage
    952,847       13       1,035,110       12  
Consumer
    420,678       6       429,998       5  
Total
  $ 7,234,726       100 %   $ 8,403,443       100 %
 
The Bank makes loans in the normal course of business to directors and executive officers of the Company and the Bank and to their associates. Loans to such related parties carry substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral requirements, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with unrelated parties and do not involve more than normal risks of collection when originated. An analysis of the changes in loans to related parties during 2010 follows. Additions and repayments include the daily activity on certain commercial lines of credit that are tied to the customers’ treasury-management deposit products.

(in thousands)
 
2010
 
Beginning balance
  $ 48,135  
Additions
    81,074  
Repayments
    (80,068 )
Net decrease from changes in related parties
    (6,013 )
Ending balance
  $ 43,128  
 
Outstanding unfunded commitments and letters of credit to related parties totaled $103 million and $121 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
 
NOTE 8
CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT, ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES AND RESERVE FOR LOSSES ON UNFUNDED CREDIT COMMITMENTS, AND CREDIT QUALITY INDICATORS
 
Credit Risk Management
Whitney manages credit risk mainly through adherence to underwriting and loan administration standards established by the Bank’s Credit Policy Committee and through the efforts of the credit administration function to ensure consistent application and monitoring of standards throughout the Company. Written credit policies define underwriting criteria, concentration guidelines, and lending approval processes that cover individual authority and the appropriate involvement of regional loan committees and a senior loan committee. The senior loan committee includes the Bank’s senior lenders, senior officers in Credit Administration, the Chief Risk Officer, the President and the Chief Executive Officer.
 
Commercial and industrial (C&I) credits and commercial real estate (CRE) loans are underwritten principally based upon cash flow coverage, but additional support is regularly obtained through collateralization and guarantees. C&I loans are typically relationship-based rather than transaction-driven. Loan concentrations are monitored monthly by management and the Board of Directors. Consumer loans, including most residential mortgages and other consumer borrowings, are centrally underwritten with reference to the customer’s debt capacity and with the support of automated credit scoring tools, including appropriate secondary review procedures.

 
14

 

Lending officers are primarily responsible for ongoing monitoring and the assignment of risk ratings to individual loans based on established guidelines. An independent credit review function, which reports to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, assesses the accuracy of officer ratings and the timeliness of rating changes and performs reviews of the underwriting processes. Once a problem relationship over a certain size threshold is identified, a monthly watch committee process is initiated. The watch committee, composed of senior lending and credit administration management as well as the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Risk Officer, must approve any substantive changes to identified problem credits and will assign relationships to a special credits department when appropriate.
 
Allowance for Loan Losses and Reserve for Losses on Unfunded Commitments
Management’s evaluation of credit risk in the loan portfolio is reflected in the estimate of probable losses inherent in the portfolio that is reported in the Company’s financial statements as the allowance for loan losses. Changes in this evaluation over time are reflected in the provision for credit losses charged to expense. As actual loan losses are incurred, they are charged against the allowance. Subsequent recoveries are added back to the allowance when collected. The methodology for determining the allowance involves significant judgment, and important factors that influence this judgment are re-evaluated quarterly to respond to changing conditions.
 
The process for determining the recorded allowance involves three key elements: (1) establishing specific allowances as needed for loans evaluated for impairment; (2) developing loss factors based on historical loss experience for nonimpaired C&I and CRE loans grouped by geography, loan product type and internal risk rating and for homogeneous groups of residential and consumer loans; and (3) determining appropriate adjustments to historical loss factors based on management’s assessment of current economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors both internal and external to the Company.
 
A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that all contractual amounts will not be collected as they come due. Specific allowances are determined for impaired loans based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s contractual interest rate, the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent, or, when available, the loan’s observable market price. As an administrative matter, this process is applied only to impaired loans or relationships in excess of $1 million.
 
The historical loss factors for C&I and CRE loans are determined with reference to the results of migration analysis, which analyzes the charge-off experience over time for loans within each grouping. The historical loss factors for homogeneous loan groups are based on average historical charge-off information. Management adjusts historical loss factors based on its assessment of whether current conditions, both internal and external, would be adequately reflected in these factors. Internally, management must consider such matters as whether trends have been identified in the quality of underwriting and loan administration as well as in the timely identification of credit quality issues. Management also monitors shifts in portfolio concentrations and other changes in portfolio characteristics that indicate levels of risk not fully captured in the loss factors. External factors include local and national economic trends, as well as changes in the economic fundamentals of specific industries that are well-represented in Whitney’s customer base. Applying the adjusted loss factors to the corresponding loan groups yields an allowance that represents management’s best estimate of probable losses. Management has established policies and procedures to help ensure a consistent approach to this inherently judgmental process.
 
The monitoring of credit risk also extends to unfunded credit commitments, such as unused commercial credit lines and letters of credit, and management establishes reserves as needed for its estimate of probable losses on such commitments.

 
15

 

A summary analysis of changes in the allowance for loan losses by loan portfolio class follows. Information on loan balances excludes loans reclassified as held for sale (see Note 6.)
 
(in thousands)
 
Commercial
& Industrial
   
Commercial
Real Estate
   
Residential Mortgage
   
Consumer
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
Year ended December 31, 2010
                                   
Allowance at beginning of year
  $ 71,971     $ 113,829     $ 27,550     $ 10,321     $ -     $ 223,671  
Provision for credit losses
    76,401       195,494       26,993       11,712       5,000       315,600  
Loans charged off
    (82,893 )     (212,226 )     (35,021 )     (9,323 )     -       (339,463 )
Recoveries
    8,177       6,075       1,311       1,472       -       17,035  
Net charge-offs
    (74,716 )     (206,151 )     (33,710 )     (7,851 )     -       (322,428 )
Allowance at end of year
  $ 73,656     $ 103,172     $ 20,833     $ 14,182     $ 5,000     $ 216,843  
Allowance at end of year:
                                               
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
  $ 153     $ 1,641     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 1,794  
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
    73,503       101,531       20,833       14,182       5,000       215,049  
Loans at end of year:
                                               
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
  $ 21,462     $ 36,669     $ 4,555     $ 429             $ 63,115  
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
    3,770,893       2,032,177       948,292       420,249               7,171,611  
Total
  $ 3,792,355     $ 2,068,846     $ 952,847     $ 420,678             $ 7,234,726  
Year ended December 31, 2009
                                               
Allowance at beginning of year
  $ 56,508     $ 82,074     $ 18,743     $ 3,784     $ -     $ 161,109  
Provision for credit losses
    43,148       168,224       33,708       12,520       -       257,600  
Loans charged off
    (32,171 )     (138,213 )     (25,959 )     (7,259 )     -       (203,602 )
Recoveries
    4,486       1,744       1,058       1,276       -       8,564  
Net charge-offs
    (27,685 )     (136,469 )     (24,901 )     (5,983 )     -       (195,038 )
Allowance at end of year
  $ 71,971     $ 113,829     $ 27,550     $ 10,321     $ -     $ 223,671  
Allowance at end of year:
                                               
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
  $ 13,025     $ 34,719     $ 3,656     $ 62             $ 51,462  
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
    58,946       79,110       23,894       10,259               172,209  
Loans at end of year:
                                               
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
  $ 66,679     $ 239,338     $ 38,009     $ 967             $ 344,993  
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
    4,088,148       2,544,170       997,101       429,031               8,058,450  
Total
  $ 4,154,827     $ 2,783,508     $ 1,035,110     $ 429,998             $ 8,403,443  
 
Changes in the allowance for loan losses for the year ended December 31, 2008 are summarized as follows.
 
(in thousands)
 
2008
 
Allowance at beginning of year
  $ 87,909  
Allowance of acquired banks
    9,971  
Provision for credit losses
    134,500  
Loans charged off
    (82,226 )
Recoveries
    10,955  
Allowance at end of year
  $ 161,109  

 
16

 

A summary analysis of changes in the reserve for losses on unfunded credit commitments follows. The reserve is reported with accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

      Years Ended December 31  
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Reserve at beginning of year Provision for credit losses
  $ 2,200     $ 800     $ 1,300  
Provision for credit losses
    (600 )     1,400       (500 )
Reserve at end of year
  $ 1,600     $ 2,200     $ 800  
 
Credit Quality Statistics
 
Past Due and Nonaccrual Loans and Loans Individually Evaluated for Impairment
A loan is considered past due or delinquent when a contractual principal or interest payment is not received by the due date. The following table provides an aging of past due loans by class of loan of December 31, 2010.

   
Past Due
                   
(in thousands)
 
30-59 days
   
60-89 days
   
Over 90 days
   
Total
   
Current
   
Total
Loans
   
Over 90
days and
accruing
 
Commercial & industrial
  $ 4,474     $ 3,855     $ 11,079     $ 19,408     $ 2,769,785     $ 2,789,193     $ 6,210  
Owner-occupied real estate
    15,225       7,379       11,280       33,884       969,278       1,003,162       1,798  
Total commercial & industrial
    19,699       11,234       22,359       53,292       3,739,063       3,792,355       8,008  
Construction, land & land development
    5,249       2,243       24,326       31,818       914,078       945,896       1,635  
Other commercial real estate
    12,729       3,792       5,255       21,776       1,101,174       1,122,950       1,016  
Total commercial real estate
    17,978       6,035       29,581       53,594       2,015,252       2,068,846       2,651  
Residential mortgage
    14,568       9,342       17,260       41,170       911,677       952,847       1,282  
Consumer
    2,078       769       2,523       5,370       415,308       420,678       2,342  
Total
  $ 54,323     $ 27,380     $ 71,723     $ 153,426     $ 7,081,300     $ 7,234,726     $ 14,283  
 
The Company stops accruing interest on a loan when the borrower’s ability to meet contractual payments is in doubt. For commercial and real estate loans, a loan is placed on nonaccrual status generally when it is ninety days past due as to principal or interest and the loan is not otherwise both well secured and in the process of collection. A loan may, however, be placed on nonaccrual status regardless of its past due status. A loan on nonaccrual status may be reinstated to accrual status when full payment of contractual principal and interest is expected and this expectation is supported by current sustained performance.

The totals for loans on nonaccrual status by class of loan were as follows.

   
December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Commercial & industrial
  $ 20,859     $ 40,997  
Owner-occupied real estate
    20,533       38,913  
Total commercial & industrial
    41,392       79,910  
Construction, land & land development
    42,631       181,516  
Other commercial real estate
    18,364       79,307  
Total commercial real estate
    60,995       260,823  
Residential mortgage
    36,807       71,002  
Consumer
    1,325       2,340  
Total nonaccrual loans
  $ 140,519     $ 414,075  

 
17

 

When a loan is moved to nonaccrual status, any accrued but uncollected interest is reversed against interest income. Interest payments on nonaccrual loans are used to reduce the reported principal under the cost recovery method if the collection of the remaining principal is not reasonably assured; otherwise, such payments are recognized as interest income when received. Interest payments accounted for under the cost recovery method may later be recognized in income when loan collections exceed expectations or when workout efforts result in fully rehabilitated credits. The following compares estimated contractual interest income on nonaccrual loans and restructured loans with the cash-basis and cost-recovery interest actually recognized on these loans.

      Years Ended December 31  
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Contractual interest Interest recognized
  $ 27,489     $ 27,078     $ 15,773  
Interest recognized     2,278       1,194       903  
Decrease in reported interest income
  $ 25,211     $ 25,884     $ 14,870  
 
Information on loans individually evaluated for possible impairment loss follows. All of the impaired loans summarized below are included in the nonperforming loan totals presented above.
 
(in thousands)
 
Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance
   
Recorded Investment with no Allowance
   
Recorded
Investment
with an
Allowance
   
Total
Recorded
Investment
   
Related
Allowance
   
Average
Annual
Recorded
Investment
 
December 31, 2010
                                   
Commercial & industrial
  $ 10,027     $ 9,682     $ 345     $ 10,027     $ 25     $ 22,269  
Owner-occupied real estate
    11,435       9,299       2,136       11,435       128       35,112  
Total commercial & industrial
    21,462       18,981       2,481       21,462       153       57,381  
Construction, land & land development
    27,112       15,524       6,874       22,398       824       133,434  
Other commercial real estate
    19,735       12,442       1,829       14,271       817       75,546  
Total commercial real estate
    46,847       27,966       8,703       36,669       1,641       208,980  
Residential mortgage
    5,300       4,555       -       4,555       -       29,080  
Consumer
    645       429       -       429       -       705  
Total
  $ 74,254     $ 51,931     $ 11,184     $ 63,115     $ 1,794     $ 296,146  
December 31, 2009
                                               
Commercial & industrial
  $ 47,167     $ 3,084     $ 32,177     $ 35,261     $ 10,016     $ 24,727  
Owner-occupied real estate
    38,685       3,720       27,698       31,418       3,009       32,820  
Total commercial & industrial
    85,852       6,804       59,875       66,679       13,025       57,547  
Construction, land & land development
    258,404       27,028       137,283       164,311       25,776       169,474  
Other commercial real estate
    97,032       18,884       56,143       75,027       8,943       63,815  
Total commercial real estate
    355,436       45,912       193,426       239,338       34,719       233,289  
Residential mortgage
    49,647       14,556       23,453       38,009       3,656       29,296  
Consumer
    1,084       300       667       967       62       962  
Total
  $ 492,019     $ 67,572     $ 277,421     $ 344,993     $ 51,462     $ 321,094  
 
Credit Quality Indicators
As part of the credit risk management process, management monitors trends in certain credit quality indicators with primary emphasis on risk rating grades for C&I and CRE loans, and loan delinquencies for residential mortgage and consumer loans (see above for details).

 
18

 

The risk rating system is utilized to monitor borrower and portfolio quality trends and provides a basis for aggregating loans to analyze historical losses in calculating the allowance for loan losses. The rating reflects the level of risk posed by both the borrower’s expected performance and the transaction’s structure. All C&I and CRE loans are assigned a risk rating at loan inception and renewal, the occurrence of any significant event or at least annually. A description of the general characteristics of the Company’s risk rating grades is as follows:
 
 
·
Pass credits (ratings 1 through 5) – These ratings range from high quality credits to marginal credits. High quality credits (ratings 1 through 3) include loans to borrowers with investment grade corporate debt ratings, loans collateralized by liquid assets and loans with above average credit risk exhibiting debt service coverage well above policy criteria. Most of the Company’s C&I and CRE loans are rated satisfactory (rating 4) and have acceptable credit quality with debt capacity or debt service coverage that meets policy criteria and covenants and collateral that provide adequate protection from loss. Marginal credits (rating 5) may exhibit positive debt capacity or debt service coverage that is below loan policy criteria or are subject to fluctuations due to cyclical economic factors.
 
 
·
Special Mention credits (rating 6) – This rating is used for loans that have potential weaknesses that may result in loss if uncorrected. For example, borrowers may be experiencing negative operating trends due to adverse economic or market conditions. While loans in this category pose a higher risk of default than pass credits, default is not imminent.
 
 
·
Classified credits – This category includes substandard, doubtful and loss rated loans. Substandard loans (rating 7) have well-defined weaknesses that will likely result in loss if not corrected. Borrowers may have currently unprofitable operations, inadequate debt service coverage, inadequate liquidity or marginal capitalization. Repayment may depend on collateral or other secondary sources. Full collection of principal and interest for some substandard loans may be in doubt and such loans are placed on nonaccrual status. Doubtful loans have all the weaknesses inherent in substandard loans and their full collection is highly questionable and improbable. Loss credits are loans that have been determined to be uncollectible. Both doubtful and loss loans are placed on nonaccrual status.
 
The following table summarizes C&I and CRE loans by risk rating at December 31, 2010 and 2009.
 
   
Commercial &
Industrial
   
Owner-occupied
Real Estate
   
Construction, Land &
Land Development
   
Other Commercial
Real Estate
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Pass
  $ 2,510,851     $ 2,859,213     $ 834,587     $ 959,440     $ 615,803     $ 1,160,949     $ 869,113     $ 1,050,245  
Special Mention
    79,432       69,601       32,211       22,567       57,980       68,380       105,544       45,116  
Classified
    198,910       146,526       136,364       97,480       272,113       307,826       148,293       150,992  
Total
  $ 2,789,193     $ 3,075,340     $ 1,003,162     $ 1,079,487     $ 945,896     $ 1,537,155     $ 1,122,950     $ 1,246,353  

 
19

 

NOTE 9
BANK PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT
 
A summary of bank premises and equipment by asset classification follows. Technology projects under development at December 31, 2010 and 2009 related mainly to the Company’s major initiative to upgrade its core banking systems.
 
   
December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Land
  $ 60,202     $ 59,412  
Buildings and improvements
    229,340       225,047  
Equipment and furnishings
    158,664       139,598  
Assets under development:
               
Technology projects
    16,906       15,357  
Bank premises projects
    2,826       2,007  
      467,938       441,421  
Accumulated depreciation
    (235,463 )     (218,279 )
Total bank premises and equipment
  $ 232,475     $ 223,142  
 
Provisions for depreciation and amortization included in noninterest expense were as follows.

   
Years Ended December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Buildings and improvements Equipment and furnishings
  $ 9,769     $ 9,626     $ 8,599  
Equipment and furnishings     12,717       10,730       10,434  
Total depreciation and amortization expense
  $ 22,486     $ 20,356     $ 19,033  
 
At December 31, 2010, the Bank was obligated under a number of noncancelable operating leases, substantially all related to premises. Certain of these leases have escalation clauses and renewal options. Total rental expense was $10.8 million in 2010, $11.2 million in 2009 and $11.0 million in 2008.
 
As of December 31, 2010, the future minimum rentals under noncancelable operating leases having an initial lease term in excess of one year were as follows.
 
(in thousands)
     
2011
  $ 9,766  
2012
    8,594  
2013
    8,324  
2014
    8,041  
2015
    7,230  
Later years
    39,969  
Total
  $ 81,924  

 
20

 

NOTE 10
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
 
Intangible assets consist mainly of identifiable intangibles, such as the value of deposit relationships, and goodwill acquired in business combinations accounted for as purchases. There were no acquisitions or dispositions of intangible assets during 2010. The balance of goodwill that will not generate future tax deductions was $427 million at December 31, 2010.
 
Goodwill is tested for impairment at least annually. The impairment test compares the estimated fair value of a reporting unit with its net book value. Whitney has assigned all goodwill to one reporting unit that represents the overall banking operations. The fair value of the reporting unit is based on valuation techniques that market participants would use in the acquisition of the whole unit, such as estimated discounted cash flows, the quoted market price of Whitney’s common stock including an estimated control premium, and observable average price-to­earnings and price-to-book multiples of our competitors. No indication of goodwill impairment was identified in the annual assessments as of September 30, 2010 and 2009. Management has been updating the impairment test for goodwill quarterly throughout 2010 and 2009. No indication of goodwill impairment was identified in these interim tests. For the most recent impairment test as of December 31, 2010, the fair value of the reporting unit based on the discounted cash flow analysis was estimated to be approximately 14% higher than book value. Additional support for the fair value of the reporting unit was provided by the price indicated in the pending merger with Hancock.
 
Identifiable intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over the periods benefited and are evaluated for impairment similar to other long-lived assets. The Company’s only significant identifiable intangible assets reflect the value of deposit relationships, all of which have finite lives. The weighted-average remaining life of identifiable intangible assets was approximately 2.4 years at December 31, 2010.
 
The carrying value of intangible assets subject to amortization was as follows, including changes during 2010.
 
(in thousands)
 
Purchase Value
   
Accumulated
Amortization
   
Carrying Value
 
Balance at December 31, 2009
  $ 40,528     $ (26,412 )   $ 14,116  
Amortization
    -       (5,194 )     (5,194 )
Fully-amortized assets
    (2,230 )     2,230       -  
Balance at December 31, 2010
  $ 38,298     $ (29,376 )   $ 8,922  
 
The amortization of intangible assets included in noninterest expense totaled $5.2 million in 2010, $8.8 million in 2009 and $7.8 million in 2008.
 
The following shows estimated amortization expense for the five succeeding years, calculated based on current amortization schedules.
 
(in thousands)
     
2011
  $ 3,389  
2012
    2,220  
2013
    1,377  
2014
    905  
2015
    469  

 
21

 

NOTE 11
DEPOSITS
 
The composition of deposits was as follows.

   
December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
  $ 3,523,518     $ 3,301,354  
Interest-bearing deposits:
               
NOW account deposits
    1,309,738       1,299,274  
Money market deposits
    1,913,224       1,823,548  
Savings deposits
    903,302       840,135  
Other time deposits
    689,301       799,142  
Time deposits $100,000 and over
    1,064,320       1,086,441  
Total interest-bearing deposits
    5,879,885       5,848,540  
Total deposits
  $ 9,403,403     $ 9,149,894  
 
Time deposits of $100,000 or more include balances in treasury-management deposit products for commercial and certain other larger deposit customers. Balances maintained in such products totaled $188 million and $151 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Most of these deposits mature on a daily basis.

Scheduled maturities of all time deposits at December 31, 2010 were as follows.

(in thousands)
     
2011
  $ 1,451,559  
2012
    224,588  
2013
    77,006  
2014
    150  
2015 and thereafter
    318  
Total
  $ 1,753,621  
 
NOTE 12
SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS
Short-term borrowings consisted of the following.
 
   
December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
  $ 523,324     $ 711,896  
Federal funds purchased
    13,968       15,810  
Treasury Investment Program
    6,200       6,900  
Total short-term borrowings
  $ 543,492     $ 734,606  

 
22

 

The Bank borrows funds on a secured basis by selling securities under agreements to repurchase, mainly in connection with treasury-management services offered to its deposit customers. Repurchase agreements generally mature daily. The Bank has the ability to exercise legal authority over the underlying securities. Additional information about securities sold under repurchase agreements follows.

(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
At December 31
                 
Interest rate
    .13 %     .16 %     .15 %
Balance
  $ 523,324     $ 711,896     $ 780,059  
Average for the year                        
Effective interest rate
    .16 %     .16 %     1.31 %
Balance
  $ 659,147     $ 648,106     $ 637,164  
Maximum month-end outstanding
  $ 738,996     $ 732,514     $ 780,059  
 
Federal funds purchased represent unsecured borrowings from other banks, generally on an overnight basis. Additional information about federal funds purchased follows.

(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
At December 31
                 
Interest rate
    .13 %     .15 %     .27 %
Balance
  $ 13,968     $ 15,810     $ 479,837  
Average for the year                        
Effective interest rate
    .14 %     .26 %     1.71 %
Balance
  $ 11,716     $ 72,385     $ 261,289  
Maximum month-end outstanding
  $ 13,968     $ 159,446     $ 661,076  
 
From time to time, the Bank uses advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) as an additional source of short-term funds, although no advances were outstanding at December 31, 2010 and 2009. FHLB advances are secured by a blanket lien on Bank loans secured by real estate. Additional information about FHLB advances outstanding during 2009 and 2008 follows. The Bank made no use of short-term FHLB advances during 2010.

(dollars in thousands)
 
2009
   
2008
 
Average for the year            
Effective interest rate
    .58 %     2.08 %
Balance
  $ 202,192     $ 286,001  
Maximum month-end outstanding
  $ 500,000     $ 501,694  
 
During 2009, the Bank obtained borrowings through the Federal Reserve’s Term Auction Facility (TAF). TAF borrowings averaged $61 million with an effective interest rate of .25%, and the maximum outstanding during 2009 was $400 million. The Bank made no TAF borrowings during 2010 or 2008. At December 31, 2010, the Bank has unused borrowing capacity with the Federal Reserve that is secured by the pledge of selected loans and investment securities.
 
Under the Treasury Investment Program, temporary excess U.S. Treasury receipts are loaned to participating financial institutions at 25 basis points under the federal funds rate. Repayment of these borrowed funds can be demanded at any time, and the Bank pledges securities as collateral. Maximum month-end borrowings under this program totaled approximately $7 million during 2010 and $10 million during 2009.

 
23

 

NOTE 13 LONG-TERM DEBT
 
Long-term debt consisted of the following.

   
December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Subordinated notes payable
  $ 149,836     $ 149,810  
Subordinated debentures
    16,798       17,029  
Other long-term debt
    52,937       32,868  
Total long-term debt
  $ 219,571     $ 199,707  
 
The Bank’s $150 million par value subordinated notes carry an interest rate of 5.875% and mature April 1, 2017. These notes qualify as capital for the calculation of the regulatory ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets, subject to certain limitations as they approach maturity.
 
In connection with bank acquisitions, the Company assumed obligations under subordinated debentures payable to unconsolidated trusts that issued trust preferred securities. The weighted-average yield was approximately 4.32% at year-end 2010. The debentures have maturities from 2031 through 2034, but they may be called with prior regulatory approval beginning at various dates through early 2011. Subject to certain adjustments, these debentures currently qualify as capital for the calculation of regulatory capital ratios.
 
Substantially all of the other long-term debt consists of borrowings associated with tax credit fund activities. These borrowings mature at various dates beginning in 2015 through 2017.

 
24

 

NOTE 14
OTHER ASSETS AND ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER LIABILITIES
 
The more significant components of other assets and accrued expenses and other liabilities at December 31, 2010 and 2009 were as follows.
 
   
December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Other Assets
           
Cash surrender value of life insurance
  $ 180,329     $ 174,296  
Net deferred income tax asset
    150,199       85,825  
Foreclosed assets and surplus property
    87,696       52,630  
Prepaid FDIC insurance assessments
    49,360       68,012  
Prepaid pension asset
    14,609       -  
Other prepaid expenses
    10,393       9,582  
Recoverable income taxes
    55,827       32,942  
Low-income housing tax credit fund investments
    6,822       9,503  
Miscellaneous investments, receivables and other assets
    55,795       61,051  
Total other assets
  $ 611,030     $ 493,841  
Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities
               
Accrued taxes and other expenses
  $ 30,302     $ 20,063  
Dividend payable
    850       832  
Liability for pension benefits
    14,465       23,170  
Liability for postretirement benefits other than pensions
    15,819       19,043  
Trade date obligations
    5       30,060  
Reserve for losses on unfunded credit commitments
    1,600       2,200  
Reserve for losses on loan repurchase obligations
    1,750       -  
Miscellaneous payables, deferred income and other liabilities
    33,466       19,594  
Total accrued expenses and other liabilities
  $ 98,257     $ 114,962  
 
See Note 23 for a discussion of the Company’s process for evaluating the realizability of deferred tax assets. The reserve for losses on mortgage loan repurchase obligations is discussed in Note 20.
 
Life insurance policies purchased under a bank-owned life insurance program are carried at their cash surrender value, which represents the amount that could be realized as of the reporting date. Earnings on these policies are reported in noninterest income and are not taxable.
 
The total for miscellaneous investments, receivables and other assets at December 31, 2010 and 2009, included approximately $17 million and $25 million, respectively, of investments in auction rate securities (ARS), which are investment grade securities with underlying holdings of municipal securities. The ARS were purchased at par from brokerage customers to provide a source of liquidity. Disruptions in the broader credit markets led to failed auctions in the ARS market and a resulting period of illiquidity. While management believes the ARS will be redeemed at par, the actual timing of redemptions is uncertain. These investments are carried at their estimated fair values.
 
The Bank and one of its subsidiaries own various property interests that were acquired in routine banking transactions generally before 1933. There was no ready market for these assets when they were initially acquired, and, as was general banking practice at the time, they were written down to a nominal value. The assets include direct and indirect ownership interests in scattered undeveloped acreage, various mineral interests, and a few commercial and residential sites primarily in southeast Louisiana.

 
25

 

The revenues and direct expenses related to these grandfathered property interests that are included in the statements of income follow.

      Years Ended December 31  
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Revenues Direct expenses
  $ 1,489     $ 1,940     $ 3,898  
Direct expenses      162       193       230  

 
NOTE 15
EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
 
Retirement Plans
Whitney has a noncontributory qualified defined benefit pension plan. The benefits are based on an employee’s total years of service and his or her highest consecutive five-year level of compensation during the final ten years of employment. Contributions are made in amounts sufficient to meet funding requirements set forth in federal employee benefit and tax laws plus such additional amounts as the Company may determine to be appropriate. Based on currently available information, the Company anticipates making a contribution of approximately $8.5 million during 2011.
 
During the fourth quarter of 2008, Whitney’s Board of Directors approved amendments to the qualified plan (a) to limit eligibility to those employees who were employed on December 31, 2008 and (b) to freeze benefit accruals for all participants other than those who were fully vested and whose age and years of benefit service combined equaled at least fifty as of December 31, 2008.
 
Whitney also has an unfunded nonqualified defined benefit pension plan that provides retirement benefits to designated executive officers. These benefits are calculated using the qualified plan’s formula, but without applying the restrictions imposed on qualified plans by certain provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. Benefits that become payable under the nonqualified plan supplement amounts paid from the qualified plan.
 
The following table details the changes in the actuarial present value of the qualified and nonqualified pension benefit obligations and in the plans’ assets for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009. The table also shows the funded status of each plan at each year end and the amounts recognized in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Whitney uses a December 31 measurement date for all of its defined benefit retirement plans and other postretirement benefit plans.

 
26

 
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
(in thousands)
 
Qualified
   
Nonqualified
   
Qualified
   
Nonqualified
 
Changes in benefit obligation
                       
Benefit obligation, beginning of year
  $ 182,623     $ 14,364     $ 166,909     $ 11,935  
Service cost for benefits
    5,492       272       5,721       336  
Interest cost on benefit obligation
    10,758       786       10,186       816  
Net actuarial (gain) loss
    13,413       (136 )     5,886       2,085  
Benefits paid
    (6,346 )     (821 )     (6,079 )     (808 )
Benefit obligation, end of year
    205,940       14,465       182,623       14,364  
Changes in plan assets
                               
Plan assets at fair value, beginning of year
    173,817       -       140,097       -  
Actual return on plan assets
    25,248       -       27,606       -  
Employer contribution
    28,500       821       12,875       808  
Benefits paid
    (6,346 )     (821 )     (6,079 )     (808 )
Plan expenses
    (670 )     -       (682 )     -  
Plan assets at fair value, end of year
    220,549       -       173,817       -  
Funded status and pension asset (liability) recognized
  $ 14,609     $ (14,465 )   $ (8,806 )   $ (14,364 )
 
The weighted-average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation for both the qualified and nonqualified plans at December 31, 2010 and 2009 follow. The assumption regarding the rate of future compensation increases applied only to participants who were not subject to the benefit freeze.
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Discount rate
    5.50 %     6.00 %
Rate of future compensation increases
    3.58       3.58  
 
The accumulated benefit obligation was $187 million and $163 million, respectively, for the qualified plan at December 31, 2010 and 2009, and $14 million and $13 million, respectively, for the nonqualified plan. The calculation of the accumulated benefit obligation ignores the assumption about future compensation levels.
 
Benefit payments under the qualified and nonqualified plans are expected to total $8.3 million in 2011, $9.0 million in 2012, $9.8 million in 2013, $10.6 million in 2014, $11.3 million in 2015, and $69.2 million for the next five years combined. These estimates were developed based on the same assumptions used in measuring benefit obligations as of December 31, 2010.
 
The components of net periodic pension expense were as follows for the qualified and nonqualified plans.

   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
(in thousands)
 
Qualified
   
Nonqualified
   
Qualified
   
Nonqualified
   
Qualified
   
Nonqualified
 
Service cost for benefits in period
  $ 5,492     $ 272     $ 5,721     $ 336     $ 8,128     $ 251  
Interest cost on benefit obligation
    10,758       786       10,186       816       9,381       683  
Expected return on plan assets
    (13,001 )     -       (11,199 )     -       (10,877 )     -  
Amortization of:
                                               
Net actuarial loss
    3,058       82       5,288       224       822       257  
Prior service cost (credit)
    (14 )     336       (14 )     337       (93 )     7  
Net periodic pension expense
  $ 6,293     $ 1,476     $ 9,982     $ 1,713     $ 7,361     $ 1,198  

 
27

 

The Company used the following weighted-average assumptions to determine the net pension expense for both the qualified and nonqualified plans for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010. For 2010 and 2009, the assumption regarding the rate of future compensation increases applied only to participants who were not subject to the benefit freeze.
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Discount rate
    6.00 %     6.00 %     6.00 %
Rate of future compensation increases
    3.58       3.58       3.58  
Expected long-term return on plan assets
    7.50       8.00       8.00  
 
The following table shows changes in the amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income or loss during 2010 and 2009 for both the qualified and nonqualified plans. The Company expects to recognize $2.8 million of the net actuarial loss and $.3 million of the prior service cost included in accumulated other comprehensive loss at the end of 2010 as a component of net pension expense in 2011.
 
(in thousands)
 
Net actuarial gain (loss)
   
Prior service (cost) credit
   
Total
   
Tax effect
   
Total,
net of tax
 
Balance at December 31, 2008
  $ (65,730 )   $ (49 )   $ (65,779 )   $ 23,022     $ (42,757 )
Changes arising during the period
    12,018       (2,108 )     9,910       (3,468 )     6,442  
Adjustments for amounts recognized in net periodic benefit cost
    5,512       323       5,835       (2,042 )     3,793  
Recognized in comprehensive income (loss)
    17,530       (1,785 )     15,745       (5,510 )     10,235  
Balance at December 31, 2009
    (48,200 )     (1,834 )     (50,034 )     17,512       (32,522 )
Changes arising during the period
    (1,701 )     -       (1,701 )     596       (1,105 )
Adjustments for amounts recognized in net periodic benefit cost
    3,140       321       3,461       (1,211 )     2,250  
Recognized in comprehensive income (loss)
    1,439       321       1,760       (615 )     1,145  
Balance at December 31, 2010
  $ (46,761 )   $ (1,513 )   $ (48,274 )   $ 16,897     $ (31,377 )
 
The following table shows the percentage allocation of plan assets by investment category at December 31, 2010 and 2009, as well as the long-range average target allocation currently set by the investment manager and the target allocation ranges specified in the plan’s investment policy. The allocation to cash investments at the end of 2010 reflects the pending investment of a $20 million employer contribution made in late December 2010.
 
   
Actual Allocation
    Long-range
Average
     
Policy
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
Target
   
Range
 
Equity securities:
                       
U. S. large cap
    23 %     23 %            
U. S. small cap
    23       23              
International
    14       18              
Index funds
    2       -              
Total equity securities
    62       64       55 %     40-70 %
Corporate debt securities
    10       15                  
U. S. government and agency securities and other debt securities
    18       18                  
Total debt securities
    28       33       40       30-50  
Cash investments
    10       3       5       0-10  
Total
    100 %     100 %                

 
28

 

Whitney determines its assumption regarding the expected long-term return on plan assets with reference to the plan’s investment policy and practices, including the tolerance for market and credit risk, and historical returns for benchmark indices specified in the policy. The policy communicates risk tolerance in terms of diversification criteria and constraints on investment quality. The plan may not hold debt securities of any single issuer, except the U.S. Treasury and U.S. government agencies, in excess of 10% of plan assets. In addition, all purchases for the debt portfolio are limited to investment grade securities of less than 10 years’ of average life. The policy also calls for diversification of equity holdings across business segments and states a preference for holdings in companies that demonstrate consistent growth in earnings and dividends. No company’s equity securities shall comprise more than 5% of the plan’s total market value. Limited use of derivatives is authorized by the policy, but the investment manager has not employed these instruments.
 
Plan assets included 39,175 shares of Whitney common stock with a value of $.6 million (.25% of plan assets) at December 31, 2010 and $.4 million (.23% of plan assets) at December 31, 2009.
 
The fair value measurements of the plan’s assets at December 31, 2010 and 2009 are summarized below by the level of inputs used in the fair value measurement process. The hierarchy of fair value measurements is discussed in Note 19.
 
   
December 31, 2010
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
(in thousands)
 
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
 
Equity securities
  $ 135,981     $ -     $ -     $ 135,981  
Corporate debt securities
    -       21,182       -       21,182  
U. S. government and agency securities and other debt securities
    -       40,510       -       40,510  
Cash investments
    22,876       -       -       22,876  
Total investments at fair value
  $ 158,857     $ 61,692     $ -     $ 220,549  

 
   
December 31, 2009
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
(in thousands)
 
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
 
Equity securities
  $ 111,945     $ -     $ -     $ 111,945  
Corporate debt securities
    -       25,975       -       25,975  
U. S. government and agency securities and other debt securities
    -       29,829       -       29,829  
Cash investments
    6,068       -       -       6,068  
Total investments at fair value
  $ 118,013     $ 55,804     $ -     $ 173,817  
 
Whitney sponsors an employee savings plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code that covers substantially all full-time employees. The Company annually matches the savings of each participant up to 4% of his or her compensation. Tax law imposes limits on total annual participant savings. Participants are fully vested in their savings and in the matching Company contributions at all times. Concurrent with the defined-benefit plan amendments in late 2008, the Board also approved amendments to the employee savings plan. These amendments authorized the Company to make discretionary profit sharing contributions, beginning in 2009, on behalf of participants in the savings plan who are either (a) ineligible to participate in the qualified defined-benefit plan or (b) subject to the freeze in benefit accruals under the defined-benefit plan. The discretionary profit sharing contribution for a plan year is up to 4% of the participants’ eligible compensation for such year and is allocated only to participants who are employed on the first day of the plan year and at year end. Participants must complete three years of service to become vested in the Company’s contributions, subject to earlier vesting in the case of retirement, death or disability. The expense of the Company’s matching contributions was approximately $4.2 million in 2010, $4.1 million in 2009 and $3.8 million in 2008. The discretionary contributions were $2.7 million for 2010 and $2.6 million for 2009.

 
29

 

Health and Welfare Plans
Whitney has offered health care and life insurance benefit plans for retirees and their eligible dependents. Participant contributions are required under the health plan. All health care benefits are covered under contracts with health maintenance or preferred provider organizations or insurance contracts. The Company funds its obligations under these plans as contractual payments come due to health care organizations and insurance companies. Currently, these plans restrict eligibility for postretirement health benefits to retirees already receiving benefits as of the plan amendments in 2007 and to those active participants who were eligible to receive benefits as of December 31, 2007. Life insurance benefits are currently only available to employees who retired before December 31, 2007.
 
The following table presents changes in the actuarial present value of the postretirement benefit obligation, the funded status of the plan, and the related amounts recognized and not recognized in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Changes in benefit obligation
           
Benefit obligation, beginning of year
  $ 19,043     $ 18,044  
Interest cost on benefit obligation
    883       1,063  
Participant contributions
    886       434  
Net actuarial (gain) loss
    (3,012 )     1,198  
Benefits paid, net of Medicare subsidy received
    (1,981 )     (1,696 )
Benefit obligation, end of year
    15,819       19,043  
Changes in plan assets
               
Plan assets, beginning of year
    -       -  
Employer contributions
    1,095       1,262  
Participant contributions
    886       434  
Benefits paid, net of Medicare subsidy received
    (1,981 )     (1,696 )
Plan assets, end of year
    -       -  
Funded status and postretirement benefit liability recognized
  $ (15,819 )   $ (19,043 )
 
Annual benefit payments, net of Medicare subsidies, are expected to range between approximately $1.0 million and $1.4 million over the next ten years. These estimates were developed based on the same assumptions used in measuring benefit obligations as of December 31, 2010.
 
The discount rates used to determine the present value of the postretirement benefit obligation and the net periodic expense were the same as those shown above for the defined benefit pension plan. The Company also assumed the following trends in health care costs for the actuarial calculation of the benefit obligation at December 31, 2010 and 2009.
 
   
Pre- and Post-
 
   
Medicare Age Cost
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Cost trend rate for next year
    8.0 %     8.5 %
Ultimate rate to which the cost trend rate gradually declines
    5.0       5.0  
Year in which the ultimate trend rate is reached
    2024       2024  
 
The net periodic expense recognized for postretirement benefits was immaterial in 2010, 2009 and 2008.

 
30

 

The following shows changes in the amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income or loss during 2010 and 2009.
 
(in thousands)
 
Net actuarial gain (loss)
   
Prior service (cost) credit
   
Total
   
Tax effect
   
Total
net of tax
 
Balance at December 31, 2008
  $ (12,085 )   $ 7,264     $ (4,821 )   $ 1,688     $ (3,133 )
Changes arising during the period
    (1,198 )     -       (1,198 )     419       (779 )
Adjustments for amounts recognized in net periodic benefit cost
    2,367       (2,235 )     132       (46 )     86  
Recognized in comprehensive income (loss)
    1,169       (2,235 )     (1,066 )     373       (693 )
Balance at December 31, 2009
    (10,916 )     5,029       (5,887 )     2,061       (3,826 )
Changes arising during the period
    3,012       -       3,012       (1,054 )     1,958  
Adjustments for amounts recognized in net periodic benefit cost
    1,406       (2,206 )     (800 )     279       (521 )
Recognized in comprehensive income (loss)
    4,418       (2,206 )     2,212       (775 )     1,437  
Balance at December 31, 2010
  $ (6,498 )   $ 2,823     $ (3,675 )   $ 1,286     $ (2,389 )
 
NOTE 16
SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
 
Whitney maintains incentive compensation plans that incorporate share-based compensation. The plans for both employees and directors have been approved by the Company’s shareholders. The most recent long-term incentive plan for key employees was approved in 2007 (the 2007 plan).
 
The Compensation and Human Resources Committee (the Committee) of the Board of Directors administers the employee plans, designates who will participate and authorizes the awarding of grants. Under the 2007 plan, participants may be awarded stock options, restricted stock and stock units, including those subject to the attainment of performance goals, and stock appreciation rights, as well as other stock-based awards that the Committee deems consistent with the plan’s purposes. These are substantially the same as the awards that were available under prior plans. To date, the Committee has awarded both stock options as well as performance-based and tenure-based restricted stock and restricted stock units under the 2007 plan or prior plans.
 
The 2007 plan authorizes awards with respect to a maximum of 3,200,000 Whitney common shares. Shares subject to awards that have been settled in cash are not counted against the maximum authorization. At December 31, 2010, the Committee could make future awards with respect to 1,388,916 shares. The stock issued for employee or director awards may come from unissued shares or shares held in treasury.
 
The directors’ plan as originally implemented provided for an annual award of common stock and stock options to nonemployee directors. The Board of Directors subsequently amended the plan to eliminate the annual award of stock options beginning in 2009 and to reduce the aggregate number of common shares authorized to be issued to no more than 937,500. At December 31, 2010, 339,724 shares remain available for future award and issuance under the directors’ plan.
 
Employees forfeit their restricted stock units if they terminate employment within three years of the award date, although they can retain a prorated number of units in the case of retirement, death, disability and, in limited circumstances, involuntary termination. During the three-year period, they cannot transfer or otherwise dispose of the units awarded. Additional restrictions apply to the units awarded to certain highly-compensated award recipients as long as the preferred stock issued to the U.S. Department of Treasury (Treasury), as discussed in Note 17, is outstanding. The performance-based restricted stock units that ultimately vest are determined with reference to Whitney’s financial performance over a three-year period in relation to that of a designated peer group. All employee restricted stock units would vest and the restrictions on their shares would lapse upon a change in control of the Company. The directors’ stock grants are fully vested upon award.

 
31

 

The following table recaps changes during 2010 in the number of shares that are expected to ultimately be issued with respect to employees’ performance-based and tenure-based restricted stock units, taking into consideration expected performance factors but not expected forfeitures.
 
   
Tenure-based
   
Performance-based
 
         
Weighted-
         
Weighted-
 
         
Average
         
Average
 
         
Grant Date
         
Grant Date
 
   
Shares
   
Fair Value
   
Shares
   
Fair Value
 
Nonvested at December 31, 2009
    702,458     $ 13.21       233,688     $ 23.27  
Granted
    575,157       9.99       -       -  
Net change on updated performance estimates
    -       -       11,517       18.77  
Vested
    (92,612 )     28.35       (105,329 )     28.76  
Actual forfeitures
    (51,285 )     10.64       (5,494 )     18.77  
Nonvested at December 31, 2010
    1,133,718     $ 10.46       134,382     $ 18.77  
 
The Company recognized compensation expense with respect to employee restricted stock units of $4.7 million in 2010, $4.1 million in 2009 and $6.9 million in 2008. The income tax benefits associated with this compensation were approximately $1.6 million, $1.4 million and $2.4 million, respectively, in 2010, 2009 and 2008. Unrecognized compensation related to restricted stock units expected to vest totaled $7.3 million at December 31, 2010. This compensation will be recognized over an expected weighted-average period of 2.02 years. The total fair value of the restricted stock units that vested during 2010 was $1.9 million, based on the closing market price of Whitney’s common stock on the vesting dates. The fair value of vested restricted stock and stock units totaled $3.5 million in 2009 and $6.6 million in 2008.
 
Directors’ stock grants totaled 42,172 shares in 2010, 39,312 shares in 2009 and 6,750 shares in 2008. The aggregate grant date fair value of these awards was $390,000 in 2010, $360,000 in 2009 and $124,000 in 2008.
 
The following table summarizes combined stock option activity under the employee and director plans.

   
Number
   
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2007
    2,812,978     $ 26.44  
Grants
    262,437       18.69  
Exercises
    (55,814 )     20.18  
Vested expirations and unvested forfeitures
    (452,313 )     27.76  
Outstanding at December 31, 2008
    2,567,288       25.55  
Grants
    -       -  
Exercises
    -       -  
Vested expirations and unvested forfeitures
    (360,700 )     24.28  
Outstanding at December 31, 2009
    2,206,588       25.76  
Grants
    -       -  
Exercises
    -       -  
Vested expirations and unvested forfeitures
    (348,417 )     23.47  
Outstanding at December 31, 2010
    1,858,171     $ 26.19  
Exercisable at December 31, 2010
    1,672,192     $ 27.01  

 
32

 

For awards during or after 2006, employees can first exercise their stock options beginning three years from the grant date, provided they are still employed. A prorated number of options can vest and become immediately exercisable upon an employee’s retirement, death or disability within this three-year period, and all options would vest upon a change in control of the Company. All employee options expire after ten years, although an earlier expiration applies in the case of retirement, death or disability. The exercise price for employee options is set at an amount not lower than the market price for Whitney’s stock on the grant date. Before 2006, employee stock options were awarded without the three-year service requirement, but otherwise had substantially the same terms as the options awarded during or after 2006. Directors’ stock options are immediately exercisable and expire no later than ten years from the grant date. The exercise price for directors’ options was set at the closing market price for the Company’s stock on the grant date.
 
The following table presents certain additional information about stock options as of December 31, 2010. The intrinsic value of an option is the excess of the closing market price of Whitney’s common stock over its exercise price.

(dollars in thousands,
except per share data)
Range of Exercise Prices
   
Number
   
Weighted-
Average Years
to Expiration
   
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
   
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 
Options Exercisable
                         
$18.30-$18.77       169,717       2.2     $ 18.51        
$20.52-$22.58       494,948       1.9       22.34        
$28.86-$29.83       524,402       4.3       28.90        
$30.10-$35.41       483,125       5.0       32.73        
$18.30-$35.41       1,672,192       3.6     $ 27.01     $ -  
Options Outstanding
                                 
$18.30-$35.41       1,858,171       4.0     $ 26.19     $ -  
 
The following table provides information on total cash proceeds received on option exercises, the intrinsic value of options exercised by employees and directors based on the Company’s closing stock price as of the exercise dates, and related tax benefits realized by Whitney. The tax benefit in each year was credited to capital surplus. The impact of the tax benefit was reported as a cash flow from financing activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows. The Company recognized compensation expense with respect to employee and director stock options of $.4 million in 2010, $.7 million in 2009 and $.9 million in 2008.
 
   
Years Ended December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Proceeds from option exercises
  $ -     $ -     $ 884  
Intrinsic value of option exercised
    -       -       228  
Tax benefit realized
    -       -       77  

 
33

 

The fair values of the stock options were estimated as of the grant dates using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The significant assumptions made in applying the option-pricing model are shown in following table. Both the volatility assumption and the weighted-average life assumption were based primarily on historical experience. No stock options were awarded in 2010 or 2009.
 
   
2008
 
Weighted-average expected annualized volatility
    24.38 %
Weighted-average option life (in years)
    6.59  
Expected annual dividend yield
    4.00 %
Weighted-average risk-free interest rate
    3.85 %
Weighted-average grant date fair value of options awarded
  $ 3.47  

 
NOTE 17
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY, CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS AND OTHER REGULATORY MATTERS
 
Common Stock Offering
During the fourth quarter of 2009, Whitney announced and completed an underwritten public offering of the Company’s common stock. The underwriters purchased 28.75 million shares at a public offering price of $8.00 per share. The net proceeds to the Company after deducting offering expenses and underwriting discounts and commissions totaled $218 million.
 
Senior Preferred Stock
In December 2008, Whitney issued 300,000 shares of senior preferred stock to the Treasury under the Capital Purchase Program (CPP) established under the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) that was created as part of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (EESA). The preferred shares were issued with no par value and have a liquidation amount of $1,000 per share. Treasury also received a ten-year warrant to purchase 2,631,579 shares of Whitney common stock at an exercise price of $17.10 per share. The aggregate proceeds were $300 million, and the total capital raised qualifies as Tier 1 regulatory capital and can be used in calculating all regulatory capital ratios.
 
Cumulative preferred stock dividends are payable quarterly at a 5% annual rate on the per share liquidation amount for the first five years and 9% thereafter. Whitney may redeem the preferred stock from the Treasury at any time without penalty, subject to the Treasury’s consultation with the Company’s primary regulatory agency.
 
Whitney may not declare or pay dividends on its common stock or, with certain exceptions, repurchase common stock without first having paid all accrued cumulative preferred dividends that are due to Treasury. For three years from the preferred stock issue date, the Company also may not increase its common stock dividend rate above a quarterly rate of $.31 per share or repurchase its common shares without Treasury’s consent, unless Treasury has transferred all the preferred shares to third parties or the preferred stock has been redeemed.
 
Regulatory Capital Requirements
Measures of regulatory capital are an important tool used by regulators to monitor the financial health of financial institutions. The primary quantitative measures used by regulators to gauge capital adequacy are the ratio of Tier 1 regulatory capital to average total assets, also known as the leverage ratio, and the ratios of Tier 1 and total regulatory capital to risk-weighted assets. The regulators define the components and computation of each of these ratios. The minimum capital ratios for both the Company and the Bank are generally 4% leverage, 4% Tier 1 capital and 8% total capital.
 
To evaluate capital adequacy, regulators compare an institution’s regulatory capital ratios with their agency guidelines, as well as with the guidelines established as part of the uniform regulatory framework for prompt corrective supervisory action toward insured institutions. In reaching an overall conclusion on capital adequacy or assigning an appropriate classification under the uniform framework, regulators must also consider other subjective and quantitative assessments of risk associated with the institution. Regulators will take certain mandatory as well as possible additional discretionary actions against institutions that they judge to be inadequately capitalized. These actions could materially impact the institution’s financial position and results of operations.

 
34

 
 
The actual capital amounts and ratios for the Company and the Bank are presented in the following tables, together with the corresponding capital amounts determined using regulatory guidelines.
 
(dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2010
 
Actual
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Minimum(a)
   
Well-
Capitalized(b)
 
Leverage (Tier 1 Capital to Average Assets):
                       
Company
  $ 972,105       8.69 %   $ 447,336    
(c)
 
Bank
    916,956       8.21       446,728     $ 558,410  
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
                               
Company
    972,105       10.97       354,419       531,628  
Bank
    916,956       10.37       353,746       530,619  
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
                               
Company
    1,234,026       13.93       708,838       886,047  
Bank
    1,178,667       13.33       707,492       884,366  
December 31, 2009
                               
Leverage (Tier 1 Capital to Average Assets):
                               
Company
  $ 1,242,268       11.05 %   $ 449,830    
(c)
 
Bank
    999,176       8.90       449,259     $ 561,574  
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
                               
Company
    1,242,268       13.00       382,105       573,158  
Bank
    999,176       10.48       381,476       572,214  
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
                               
Company
    1,512,800       15.84       764,211       955,263  
Bank
    1,269,512       13.31       762,952       953,689  
 
(a)       Minimum capital required for capital adequacy purposes.
 
(b)       Capital required for well-capitalized status under regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.
 
(c)       Not applicable.
 
Under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the capital levels of banks are categorized into one of five classifications ranging from well-capitalized to critically under-capitalized. For an institution to be eligible to be classified as well-capitalized, its leverage, Tier 1 and total capital ratios must be at least 5%, 6% and 10%, respectively. If an institution fails to maintain a well-capitalized classification, it will be subject to a series of operating restrictions that increase as the capital condition worsens.
 
Regulators may, however, set higher capital requirements for an individual institution when particular circumstances warrant. As a result of the current difficult operating environment and recent operating losses, the Bank has committed to its primary regulator that it will maintain higher capital ratios with a leverage of at least 8%, a Tier 1 regulatory capital ratio of at least 9%, and a total capital ratio of at least 12%. As of December 31, 2010, the Bank’s regulatory capital ratios exceeded the requisite capital levels to both satisfy these target minimums and to be eligible to be classified as well-capitalized.
 
Bank holding companies must also have at least a 6% Tier 1 capital ratio and a 10% total capital ratio to be considered well-capitalized for various regulatory purposes, and the Company satisfied these criteria at December 31, 2010. As noted above, the capital that was raised through the issuance of preferred stock to Treasury as part of TARP qualifies as Tier 1 regulatory capital and was used in calculating all of the Company’s regulatory capital ratios.

 
35

 

Regulatory Restrictions on Dividends
At December 31, 2010, the Company had approximately $54 million in cash and demand notes from the Bank available to provide liquidity for future dividend payments to its common and preferred shareholders and other corporate purposes, including making additional capital contributions to the Bank.
 
Regulatory policy statements provide that generally bank holding companies should only pay dividends out of current operating earnings and that the level of dividends, if any, must be consistent with current and expected capital requirements. The Company must currently obtain regulatory approval before increasing the common dividend rate above the current quarterly level of $.01 per share and must provide prior notice to its primary regulator in advance of declaring dividends on either its common on preferred stock.
 
Dividends received from the Bank have been the primary source of funds available to the Company for the declaration and payment of dividends to Whitney’s shareholders, both common and preferred. There are various regulatory and statutory provisions that limit the amount of dividends that the Bank can distribute to the Company. Because of recent losses, the Bank currently has no capacity to declare dividends to the Company without prior regulatory approval.
 
Other Regulatory Matters
Under current Federal Reserve regulations, the Bank is limited in the amounts it may lend to the Company to a maximum of 10% of its capital and surplus, as defined in the regulations. Any such loans must be collateralized from 100% to 130% of the loan amount, depending upon the nature of the underlying collateral. The Bank made no loans to the Company during 2010 and 2009.
 
Banks are required to maintain currency and coin or a balance with the Federal Reserve Bank to meet reserve requirements based on a percentage of deposits. During 2010 and 2009, the Bank covered substantially all its reserve maintenance requirement with balances of coin and currency.
 
NOTE 18
OFF-BALANCE SHEET FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND DERIVATIVES
 
Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments
To meet the financing needs of its customers, the Bank issues financial instruments that represent conditional obligations that are not recognized, wholly or in part, in the consolidated balance sheets. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit under loan facilities and guarantees under standby and other letters of credit. Such instruments expose the Bank to varying degrees of credit and interest rate risk in much the same way as funded loans.
 
Revolving loan commitments are issued primarily to support commercial activities. The availability of funds under revolving loan commitments generally depends on whether the borrower continues to meet credit standards established in the underlying contract and has not violated other contractual conditions. A number of such commitments are used only partially or, in some cases, not at all before they expire. Nonrevolving loan commitments are issued mainly to provide financing for the acquisition and development or construction of real property, both commercial and residential, although not all are expected to lead to permanent financing by the Bank. Loan commitments generally have fixed expiration dates and may require payment of a fee. Credit card and personal credit lines are generally subject to cancellation if the borrower’s credit quality deteriorates, and many lines remain partly or wholly unused.
 
Substantially all of the letters of credit are standby agreements that obligate the Bank to fulfill a customer’s financial commitments to a third party if the customer is unable to perform. The Bank issues standby letters of credit primarily to provide credit enhancement to its customers’ other commercial or public financing arrangements and to help them demonstrate financial capacity to vendors of essential goods and services. Approximately 90% of the letters of credit outstanding at December 31, 2010 were rated as having average or better credit risk under the Bank’s credit risk rating guidelines. Approximately half of the total obligations under standby letters of credit outstanding at year-end 2010 have a term of one year or less.

 
36

 

The Bank’s exposure to credit losses from these financial instruments is represented by their contractual amounts. The Bank follows its standard credit policies in approving loan facilities and financial guarantees and requires collateral support if warranted. The required collateral could include cash instruments, marketable securities, accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment, and income-producing commercial property. See Note 8 for a summary analysis of changes in the reserve for losses on unfunded credit commitments.
 
A summary of off-balance sheet financial instruments follows.
 
   
December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Loan commitments – revolving
  $ 2,418,612     $ 2,296,865  
Loan commitments – nonrevolving
    229,094       239,313  
Credit card and personal credit lines
    585,438       560,116  
Standby and other letters of credit
    336,226       364,294  

 
Derivative Financial Instruments
During 2009, the Bank began offering interest rate swap agreements to commercial banking customers seeking to manage their interest rate risk. For each customer swap agreement, the Bank has entered into an offsetting agreement with an unrelated financial institution. These derivative financial instruments are carried at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded in current period earnings. The aggregate notional amounts of both customer interest rate swap agreements and the offsetting agreements were each $146 million at December 31, 2010 and each $30 million at December 31, 2009. The fair value of these derivatives and the credit risk exposure to the Bank were immaterial at December 31, 2010 and 2009.
 
NOTE 19
FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES
 
The FASB defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. This accounting guidance also emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement and not an entity-specific measurement and established a hierarchy to prioritize the inputs that can be used in the fair value measurement process. The inputs in the three levels of this hierarchy are described as follows:
 
Level 1
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market is one in which transactions occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2
Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices. This would include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3
Unobservable inputs, to the extent that observable inputs are unavailable. This allows for situations in which there is little or no market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

 
37

 

The material assets or liabilities measured at fair value by Whitney on a recurring basis are summarized below. Mortgage-backed securities are issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and substantially all are backed by residential mortgages. Nonmarketable equity securities (Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank stock) that are carried at cost are not included below. These equity securities totaled $45 million at December 31, 2010 and $53 million at December 31, 2009. The Level 2 fair value measurement shown below was obtained from a third-party pricing service that uses industry-standard pricing models. Substantially all of the model inputs are observable in the marketplace or can be supported by observable data.
 
   
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
(in millions)
 
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
December 31, 2010
                 
Investment securities available for sale:
                 
Mortgage-backed securities
  $ -     $ 1,896     $ -  
U.S. agency securities
    -       18       -  
Other debt securities
    -       9       -  
Derivative financial instruments - assets
    -       4       -  
Derivative financial instruments - liabilities
    -       4       -  
December 31, 2009
                       
Investment securities available for sale:
                       
Mortgage-backed securities
  $ -     $ 1,709     $ -  
U.S. agency securities
    -       102       -  
Other debt securities
    -       11       -  
 
The fair value of interest rate swaps is obtained from a third-party pricing service that uses an industry-standard discounted cash flow model that relies on inputs, such as interest rate futures, observable in the marketplace. To comply with the accounting guidance, credit valuation adjustments are incorporated in the fair values to appropriately reflect nonperformance risk for both the Company and counterparties. Although the Company has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value derivative instruments fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads. The Company has determined that the impact of the credit valuation adjustments is not significant to the overall valuation of these derivatives. As a result, the Company has classified its derivative valuations in their entirety in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
 
Certain assets and liabilities may be measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured and reported at fair value on an ongoing basis, but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances. To measure the extent to which a loan is impaired, the relevant accounting principles permit or require the Company to compare the recorded investment in the impaired loans to the fair value of the underlying collateral in certain circumstances. The fair value measurement process uses independent appraisals and other market-based information, but in many cases it also requires significant input based on management’s knowledge of and judgment about current market conditions, specific issues relating to the collateral, and other matters. As a result, substantially all of these fair value measurements fall within Level 3 of the hierarchy discussed above. The net carrying value of impaired loans which reflected a nonrecurring fair value measurement totaled $53 million at December 31, 2010 and $214 million at December 31, 2009. The portion of the allowance for loan losses allocated to these loans totaled $1 million at December 31, 2010 and $36 million at year-end 2009. The valuation allowance on impaired loans and charge-offs factor into the determination of the provision for credit losses.
 
Accounting guidance from the FASB requires the disclosure of estimated fair value information about certain on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments, including those financial instruments that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or nonrecurring basis. The significant methods and assumptions used by the Company to estimate the fair value of financial instruments are discussed below. The aggregate fair value amounts presented do not, and are not intended to, represent an aggregate measure of the underlying fair value of the Company.

 
38

 

Cash, federal funds sold and short-term investments and short-term borrowings – The carrying amounts of these highly liquid or short maturity financial instruments were considered a reasonable estimate of fair value.
 
Investment in securities available for sale and held to maturity – The fair value measurement for securities available for sale was discussed earlier. The same measurement approach was used for securities held to maturity, which consist of mortgage-backed securities, obligations of states and political subdivisions and corporate debt securities.
 
Loans – The fair value measurement for certain impaired loans was discussed earlier. For the remaining portfolio, fair values were generally determined by discounting scheduled cash flows by discount rates determined with reference to current market rates at which loans with similar terms would be made to borrowers of similar credit quality, including adjustments that management believes market participants would consider in setting required yields on loans from certain portfolio sectors and geographic regions. An overall valuation adjustment was made for specific credit risks as well as general portfolio credit risk.
 
Deposits – The FASB’s guidance requires that deposits without a stated maturity, such as noninterest­bearing demand deposits, NOW account deposits, money market deposits and savings deposits, be assigned fair values equal to the amounts payable upon demand (carrying amounts). Deposits with a stated maturity were valued by discounting contractual cash flows using a discount rate approximating current market rates for deposits of similar remaining maturity.
 
Long-term debt – The fair value of long-term debt was estimated by discounting contractual payments at current market interest rates for similar instruments.
 
Derivative financial instruments – The fair value measurement for interest rate swaps was discussed earlier.
 
Off-balance sheet financial instruments – Off-balance sheet financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and guarantees under standby and other letters of credit. The fair values of such instruments were estimated using fees currently charged for similar arrangements in the market, adjusted for changes in terms and credit risk as appropriate. The estimated fair values of these instruments were not material.
 
The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments follow.
 
   
December 31, 2010
   
December 31, 2009
 
(in millions)
 
Carrying
Amount
   
Fair
Value
   
Carrying
Amount
   
Fair
Value
 
ASSETS:
                       
Cash and short-term investments
  $ 656     $ 656     $ 429     $ 429  
Investment securities available for sale (a)
    1,923       1,923       1,822       1,822  
Investment securities held to maturity
    641       638       175       180  
Loans held for sale
    198       199       34       34  
Loans, net
    7,018       6,835       8,180       8,085  
Derivative financial instruments
    4       4       -       -  
LIABILITIES:
                               
Deposits
    9,403       9,414       9,150       9,159  
Short-term borrowings
    543       543       735       735  
Long-term debt
    220       214       200       178  
Derivative financial instruments
    4       4       -       -  

(a) Excludes nonmarketable equity securities carried at cost.

 
39

 

NOTE 20 CONTINGENCIES
 
Legal Proceedings
The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. After reviewing pending and threatened actions with legal counsel, management believes that the ultimate resolution of these actions will not have a material effect on Whitney’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
On January 7, 2011, a purported shareholder of Whitney filed a lawsuit in the Civil District Court for the Parish of Orleans of the State of Louisiana captioned De LaPouyade v. Whitney Holding Corporation, et al., No. 11- 189, naming Whitney and members of Whitney’s board of directors as defendants. This lawsuit is purportedly brought on behalf of a putative class of Whitney’s common shareholders and seeks a declaration that it is properly maintainable as a class action. The lawsuit alleges that Whitney’s directors breached their fiduciary duties and/or violated Louisiana state law and that Whitney aided and abetted those alleged breaches of fiduciary duty by, among other things, (a) agreeing to consideration that undervalues Whitney, (b) agreeing to deal protection devices that preclude a fair sales process, (c) engaging in self-dealing, and (d) failing to protect against conflicts of interest. Among other relief, the plaintiff seeks to enjoin the merger.
 
On February 17, 2011, a complaint in intervention was filed by the Louisiana Municipal Police Employees Retirement System (“MPERS”) in the De LaPouyade case. The MPERS complaint is substantially identical to and seeks to join in the De LaPouyade complaint.
 
On February 7, 2011, another putative shareholder class action lawsuit, Realistic Partners v. Whitney Holding Corporation, et al., Case No. 2:11-cv-00256, was filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana against Whitney, members of Whitney’s board of directors, and Hancock asserting violations of Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, breach of fiduciary duty under Louisiana state law, and aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty by, among other things, (a) making material misstatements or omissions in the proxy statement, (b) agreeing to consideration that undervalues Whitney, (c) agreeing to deal protection devices that preclude a fair sales process, (d) engaging in self-dealing, and (e) failing to protect against conflicts of interest. Among other relief, the plaintiff seeks to enjoin the merger. On February 24, 2011, the plaintiff moved for class certification.
 
Whitney believes the claims asserted are without merit and intends to vigorously defend against these lawsuits.
 
Reserve for Losses on Mortgage Loan Repurchase Obligations
During 2010, the Company established a $4.5 million reserve for estimated losses on mortgage loan repurchase obligations associated with certain loans that were originated and sold by an acquired entity. The Bank has received repurchase demands from investors claiming loan defects that are covered by the standard representations and warranties in mortgage loan sale contracts executed by the acquired entity before the date of the acquisition. In determining the loss reserve estimate, management investigated the investor claims and the nature and cause of the underlying defects and evaluated the potential for additional claims associated with the loan origination and sale activities of the acquired entity. The Bank has made payments totaling $2.8 million with respect to investor claims through December 31, 2010, leaving an estimated loss reserve of $1.8 million at that date. The Bank has incurred no losses stemming from the representations and warranties it makes in its own secondary mortgage market operations and historically has not maintained a loss reserve for repurchase obligations.
 
The reserve for losses on mortgage loan repurchase obligations is reported with accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets and the corresponding expense is reported with other noninterest expense in the consolidated income statements.

 
40

 

Indemnification Obligation
In October 2007, Visa completed restructuring transactions that modified the obligation of members of Visa USA, including Whitney, to indemnify Visa against pending and possible settlements of certain litigation matters. In the first quarter of 2008, Visa completed an initial public offering of its shares and used the proceeds to redeem a portion of Visa USA members’ equity interests and to establish an escrow account that will fund any settlement of the members’ obligations under the indemnification agreement. Visa has made additional cash contributions to the escrow account subsequent to the initial funding. Although the Company remains obligated to indemnify Visa for losses in connection with certain litigation matters whose claims exceed amounts set aside in the escrow account, Whitney’s interest in the escrow balance approximates management’s current estimate of the value of the Company’s indemnification obligation. The amount of offering proceeds and other cash contributions to the escrow account for litigation settlements will reduce the number of shares of Visa stock to which Whitney will ultimately be entitled as a result of the restructuring.
 
NOTE 21
OTHER NONINTEREST INCOME
 
The components of other noninterest income were as follows.
 
   
Years Ended December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Investment services income
  $ 7,354     $ 6,129     $ 6,035  
Credit-related fees
    7,222       6,304       5,921  
ATM fees
    4,582       5,657       5,693  
Other fees and charges
    4,902       5,543       4,628  
Earnings from bank-owned life insurance program
    6,610       7,207       3,908  
Other operating income
    7,825       5,754       6,979  
Net gains on sales and other revenue from foreclosed assets
    1,222       2,036       4,302  
Net gains on disposals of surplus property
    218       2,011       72  
Total
  $ 39,935     $ 40,641     $ 37,538  

 
NOTE 22
OTHER NONINTEREST EXPENSE

The components of other noninterest expense were as follows.

   
Years Ended December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Security and other outsourced services
  $ 19,294     $ 17,094     $ 15,758  
Bank card processing services
    6,724       5,019       4,319  
Advertising and promotion
    7,030       4,167       4,824  
Operating supplies
    3,933       4,136       4,223  
Loss on mortgage loan repurchase obligations
    4,500       -       -  
Miscellaneous operating losses
    2,993       3,116       5,269  
Other operating expenses
    25,518       23,310       21,182  
Total
  $ 69,992     $ 56,842     $ 55,575  

 
41

 

NOTE 23
 INCOME TAXES
The components of income tax expense (benefit) follow.
 
   
Years Ended December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Included in net income
                 
Current
                 
Federal
  $ (29,525 )   $ (26,677 )   $ 31,314  
State
    (897 )     (13 )     1,946  
Total current
    (30,422 )     (26,690 )     33,260  
Deferred
                       
Federal
    (62,982 )     (22,400 )     (13,639 )
State
    (1,808 )     (776 )     (483 )
Total deferred
    (64,790 )     (23,176 )     (14,122 )
Total included in net income
  $ (95,212 )   $ (49,866 )   $ 19,138  
Included in shareholders’ equity
                       
Deferred tax related to the change in the net unrealized gain on securities
  $ (1,160 )   $ 2,627     $ 10,978  
Deferred tax related to the change in the pension and other post-retirement benefits assets and liabilities
    1,390       5,138       (14,827 )
Current tax related to stock options and restricted stock and units
    1,542       3,364       1,144  
Total included in shareholders’ equity
  $ 1,772     $ 11,129     $ (2,705 )
 
The effective rate of the tax benefit included in the net losses for 2010 and 2009 and of the tax expense included in net income for 2008 differed from the statutory federal income tax rate because of the following factors.
 
   
Years Ended December 31
 
(in percentages)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Federal income tax expense (benefit) rate
    (35.00 )%     (35.00 )%     35.00 %
Difference resulting from
                       
Tax-exempt income
    (2.00 )     (4.82 )     (5.68 )
Tax credits
    (2.41 )     (4.35 )     (5.61 )
State income tax and miscellaneous items
    (.77 )     (.35 )     .91  
Effective tax expense (benefit) rate
    (40.18 )%     (44.52 )%     24.62 %
 
Interest income from the financing of state and local governments and earnings from the bank-owned life insurance program are the major components of tax-exempt income. The main source of tax credits has been investments in affordable housing projects and in projects that primarily benefit low-income communities or help the recovery and redevelopment of communities in the Gulf Opportunity Zone. Tax-exempt income and tax credits tend to increase the effective tax benefit rate from the statutory rate in loss periods and to reduce the effective tax expense rate in profitable periods.

 
42

 

Temporary differences arise between the tax bases of assets or liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements. The expected tax effects when these differences are resolved are recorded currently as deferred tax assets or liabilities. The components of the net deferred income tax asset, which is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets, follow.
 
   
December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Deferred tax assets:
           
Allowance for credit losses and losses on foreclosed assets
  $ 84,186     $ 81,860  
Net operating loss carry forward
    48,434       263  
Tax credits carry forward
    22,065       -  
Employee compensation and benefits
    12,328       22,831  
Unrecognized interest income
    6,400       7,082  
Other
    13,762       9,127  
Total deferred tax assets
    187,175       121,163  
Deferred tax liabilities:
               
Depreciable and amortizable assets
    20,198       19,754  
Net unrealized gain on securities available for sale
    12,203       13,363  
Other
    4,575       2,221  
Total deferred tax liabilities
    36,976       35,338  
Net deferred tax asset
  $ 150,199     $ 85,825  
 
Deferred tax assets are subject to an evaluation of whether it is more likely than not that they will be realized. In making such judgments, significant weight is given to evidence that can be objectively verified. As of December 31, 2010, Whitney had incurred a three-year cumulative taxable loss and had net operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. This is considered significant negative evidence when assessing the realizability of a deferred tax asset. Although realization is not assured, management believes the recorded deferred tax assets are fully recoverable based on the Company’s strong historical taxable income and current forecasts for taxable income for the periods through which losses may be carried forward that are sufficient to realize the net deferred tax asset. The amount of future taxable income required to support the deferred tax asset in the carry forward period, which is currently 20 years, is approximately $515 million. If operating losses continue in future periods, the deferred tax asset will increase. If Whitney is unable to generate, or is unable to demonstrate that it can generate, sufficient taxable income in the near future, then the Company may not be able to conclude it is more likely than not that the benefits of the deferred tax assets will be fully realized and may be required to recognize a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets with a corresponding increase in income tax expense.
 
As of December 31, 2010, the Company had approximately $168 million in federal and state net operating loss carry forwards that originated primarily in the 2010 tax year. The Company also had approximately $22 million in tax credit carry forwards that originated in the tax years from 2008 through 2010. Substantially all of the net operating loss carry forwards expire in 2030, and the tax credit carry forwards begin to expire in 2028.
 
The tax benefit of a position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return should be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained based on its technical merit. The liability for unrecognized tax benefits was immaterial at December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, and changes in the liability were insignificant during 2010, 2009 and 2008. The Company does not expect the liability for unrecognized tax benefits to change significantly during 2011. Whitney recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to income tax matters in income tax expense, and the amounts recognized during 2010, 2009 and 2008 were insignificant.
 
The Company and its subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax return and various separate company state returns. With few exceptions, the returns for years before 2007 are not open for examination by federal or state taxing authorities.

 
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NOTE 24
EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE
 
As discussed in Note 2, The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has concluded that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities and must be included in the computation of earnings per share using the two-class method. Whitney has awarded share-based payments that are considered participating securities under this guidance. The two-class method allocates net income to each class of common stock and participating security according to common dividends declared and participation rights in undistributed earnings. This guidance was effective for 2009 and has been applied retrospectively to earnings per share data presented for prior periods with no material impact.
 
The components used to calculate basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share under the two-class method are shown in the following table. The net loss was not allocated to participating securities because the securities bear no contractual obligation to fund or otherwise share in losses. Potential common shares consist of employee and director stock options, unvested restricted stock units awarded to employees without dividend rights, and stock warrants issued to Treasury in December 2008. These potential common shares do not enter into the calculation of diluted earnings per share if the impact would be anti-dilutive, i.e., increase earnings per share or reduce a loss per share.
 
         
Years Ended December 31
 
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
       
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Numerator:
                       
Net income (loss)
        $ (141,766 )   $ (62,146 )   $ 58,585  
Preferred stock dividends
          16,268       16,226       588  
Net income (loss) to common shareholders
          (158,034 )     (78,372 )     57,997  
Net income (loss) allocated to participating securities – basic and diluted
          -       -       640  
Net income (loss) allocated to common shareholders – basic and diluted
    A     $ (158,034 )   $ (78,372 )   $ 57,357  
Denominator:
                               
Weighted-average common shares – basic
    B       96,626,872       72,824,964       64,767,708  
Dilutive potential common shares
            -       -       320,153  
Weighted-average common shares – diluted
    C       96,626,872       72,824,964       65,087,861  
Earnings (loss) per common share:
                               
Basic
    A/B     $ (1.64 )   $ (1.08 )   $ .89  
Diluted
    A/C       (1.64 )     (1.08 )     .88  
Weighted-average anti-dilutive potential common shares:
                               
Stock options and restricted stock units
            1,956,476       2,334,579       2,261,558  
Warrants
            2,631,579       2,631,579       93,471  

 
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NOTE 25
PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
The following financial statements are for the parent company only. Cash and cash equivalents include noninterest-bearing deposits in the Bank and the demand note receivable from the Bank.
 
BALANCE SHEETS
 
December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
ASSETS
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 54,458     $ 239,516  
Investment in bank subsidiary
    1,481,705       1,452,783  
Investments in nonbank subsidiaries
    2,457       2,788  
Notes receivable - nonbank subsidiaries
    1,834       1,484  
Other assets
    16,140       13,392  
Total assets
  $ 1,556,594     $ 1,709,963  
LIABILITIES
               
Dividends payable
  $ 850     $ 832  
Subordinated debentures
    16,798       17,029  
Other liabilities
    14,612       11,038  
Total liabilities
    32,260       28,899  
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
    1,524,334       1,681,064  
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 1,556,594     $ 1,709,963  
 
 
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
 
Years Ended December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Dividend income from bank subsidiary
  $ -     $ -     $ 113,500  
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries
                       
Bank
    (135,319 )     (59,427 )     (55,240 )
Nonbanks
    (331 )     (77 )     (189 )
Other income, net of expenses and income taxes
    (6,116 )     (2,642 )     514  
Net income (loss)
  $ (141,766 )   $ (62,146 )   $ 58,585  
Preferred stock dividends
    16,268       16,226       588  
Net income (loss) to common shareholders
  $ (158,034 )   $ (78,372 )   $ 57,997  
 
 
45

 
 
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 
Years Ended December 31
 
(in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
                 
Net income (loss)
  $ (141,766 )   $ (62,146 )   $ 58,585  
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
                       
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries
    135,650       59,504       55,429  
Other, net
    1,011       846       794  
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
    (5,105 )     (1,796 )     114,808  
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
                       
Investments in subsidiaries, net
    (165,000 )     -       (370,466 )
Loans to nonbank subsidiaries, net of repayments
    (350 )     1,150       1,550  
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    (165,350 )     1,150       (368,916 )
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
                       
Cash dividends on common stock
    (3,879 )     (13,250 )     (78,590 )
Cash dividends on preferred stock
    (15,000 )     (13,584 )     -  
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
    175       218,634       4,279  
Purchases of common stock
    (606 )     (1,087 )     (52,588 )
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, with common stock warrant
    -       -       300,000  
Share-based compensation reimbursed by bank subsidiary
    4,707       4,110       6,929  
Repayment of long-term debt
    -       -       (6,186 )
Other, net
    -       -       63  
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    (14,603 )     194,823       173,907  
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (185,058 )     194,177       (80,201 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    239,516       45,339       125,540  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
  $ 54,458     $ 239,516     $ 45,339  
 
The total cash used to invest in subsidiaries in 2008 included both a $275 million capital contribution to the Bank following the preferred stock issue under the Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program and the net cash paid to acquire Parish. The bank subsidiary acquired with Parish was merged into the Bank. The Company made an additional $165 million capital contribution to the Bank in 2010 in response to continued operating losses.
 
46