Attached files
file | filename |
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8-K - FORM 8-K - ENCORE ACQUISITION CO | d70774e8vk.htm |
EX-99.1 - EX-99.1 - ENCORE ACQUISITION CO | d70774exv99w1.htm |
EX-23.1 - EX-23.1 - ENCORE ACQUISITION CO | d70774exv23w1.htm |
EX-23.2 - EX-23.2 - ENCORE ACQUISITION CO | d70774exv23w2.htm |
EX-99.3 - EX-99.3 - ENCORE ACQUISITION CO | d70774exv99w3.htm |
Exhibit 99.2
ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
On January 1, 2009, Encore Acquisition Company (together with its subsidiaries, EAC) adopted
new guidance issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the FASB) on the accounting for noncontrolling interests and new guidance relating to the treatment of equity-based
payment transactions in the calculation of earnings per share.
In August 2009, Encore Operating, L.P. (Encore Operating), a wholly owned subsidiary of EAC,
sold certain oil and natural gas properties and related assets in the Big Horn Basin in Wyoming,
the Permian Basin in West Texas and New Mexico, and the Williston Basin in Montana and North Dakota
to Encore Energy Partners LP (together with its subsidiaries, ENP). In June 2009, Encore
Operating sold certain oil and natural gas producing properties and related assets in the Williston
Basin in North Dakota and Montana to ENP. In January 2009, Encore Operating sold certain oil and
natural gas producing properties and related assets in the Arkoma Basin in Arkansas and royalty
interest properties primarily in Oklahoma, as well as 10,300 unleased mineral acres, to ENP.
Because these assets were sold to an affiliate, the dispositions were accounted for as transactions
between entities under common control, similar to a pooling of interests, whereby ENP recorded the
assets and liabilities of the acquired properties at Encore Operatings carrying value and ENPs
historical financial information was recast to include the acquired properties for all periods
presented.
The following recast discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial condition and
results of operations should be read in conjunction with our recast consolidated financial
statements and notes and supplementary data thereto as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for the
years ended December 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006 (collectively, the Recast Financial Statements)
included as Exhibit 99.3 to this Current Report on Form 8-K. The following recast discussion and
analysis contains forward-looking statements including, without limitation, statements relating to
our plans, strategies, objectives, expectations, intentions, and resources. Actual results could
differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. We do not undertake to
update, revise, or correct any of the forward-looking information unless required to do so under
federal securities laws. Readers are cautioned that such forward-looking statements should be read
in conjunction with our disclosures under Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking
Statements included in this Current Report on Form 8-K and Item 1A. Risk Factors included in
our 2008 Annual Report.
Introduction
In this managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations,
the following are discussed and analyzed:
| Overview of Business | ||
| 2008 Highlights | ||
| Recent Developments | ||
| 2009 Outlook | ||
| Results of Operations |
| Comparison of 2008 to 2007 | ||
| Comparison of 2007 to 2006 |
| Capital Commitments, Capital Resources, and Liquidity | ||
| Changes in Prices | ||
| Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates | ||
| New Accounting Pronouncements | ||
| Information Concerning Forward-Looking Statements |
Overview of Business
We are a Delaware corporation engaged in the acquisition, development, exploitation,
exploration, and production of oil and natural gas reserves from onshore fields in the United
States. Our business strategies include:
| Maintaining an active development program to maximize existing reserves and production; | ||
| Utilizing enhanced oil recovery techniques to maximize existing reserves and production; | ||
| Expanding our reserves, production, and development inventory through a disciplined acquisition program; |
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ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
| Exploring for reserves; and | ||
| Operating in a cost effective, efficient, and safe manner. |
At December 31, 2008, our oil and natural gas properties had estimated total proved reserves
of 134.5 MMBbls of oil and 307.5 Bcf of natural gas, based on December 31, 2008 spot market prices
of $44.60 per Bbl of oil and $5.62 per Mcf of natural gas. On a BOE basis, our proved reserves
were 185.7 MMBOE at December 31, 2008, of which approximately 72 percent was oil and approximately
80 percent was proved developed. Based on 2008 production, our ratio of reserves to production was
approximately 12.9 years for total proved reserves and 10.3 years for proved developed reserves as
of December 31, 2008.
Our financial results and ability to generate cash depend upon many factors, particularly the price
of oil and natural gas. Average NYMEX oil prices strengthened in the first half of 2008 to record
levels, but have since experienced a significant deterioration. In addition, our oil wellhead
differentials to NYMEX improved in 2008 as we realized 90 percent of the average NYMEX oil price,
as compared to 88 percent in 2007. Average NYMEX natural gas prices strengthened in the first half
of 2008 to their highest levels since 2005, but have since experienced a significant deterioration.
Our natural gas wellhead differentials to NYMEX deteriorated slightly in 2008 as we realized 95
percent of the average NYMEX natural gas price, as compared to 98 percent in 2007. Commodity
prices are influenced by many factors that are outside of our control. We cannot accurately
predict future commodity prices. For this reason, we attempt to mitigate the effect of commodity
price risk by entering into commodity derivative contracts for a portion of our
forecasted future production. For a discussion of factors that influence commodity prices
and risks associated with our commodity derivative contracts, please read Item 1A. Risk Factors
included in our 2008 Annual Report.
During 2008, we did not make a significant acquisition of proved reserves. Instead, we
acquired unproved acreage in our core areas, continued to make significant investments within our
core areas to develop proved undeveloped reserves and increase production from proved developed
reserves through various recovery techniques, and made significant investments for exploration
within our areas of unproved acreage. We continue to believe that a portfolio of long-lived
quality assets will position us for future success.
In May 2008, we announced that our Board had authorized our management team to explore a broad
range of strategic alternatives to further enhance shareholder value, including, but not limited
to, a sale or merger of the company. In conjunction, our Board approved a retention plan for all
of our then-current employees, excluding members of our strategic team, providing for the payment
of four months of base salary or base rate of pay, as applicable, upon the completion of the
strategic alternatives process, subject to continued employment. This bonus was paid in August
2008.
In July 2008, our Board and management team decided that a sale or merger of the company was
not currently in the best interest of our shareholders. In conjunction, our Board approved a
separate retention plan for all of our then-current employees, excluding our Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer, providing for the payment of eight months of base salary or base rate of pay, as
applicable, in August 2009, subject to continued employment.
Our 2008 results of operations include approximately $7.6 million of pre-tax expense related
to the four-month retention plan and approximately $6.9 million of pre-tax expense related to the
eight-month retention plan.
2008 Highlights
Our financial and operating results for 2008 included the following:
| Our oil and natural gas revenues increased 58 percent to $1.1 billion as compared to $712.9 million in 2007 as a result of increased production volumes and higher average realized prices. | ||
| Our average realized oil price increased 51 percent to $89.30 per Bbl as compared to $58.96 per Bbl in 2007. Our average realized natural gas price increased 38 percent to $8.63 per Mcf as compared to $6.26 per Mcf in 2007. | ||
| Our average daily production volumes increased six percent to 39,470 BOE/D as compared to 37,094 BOE/D in 2007. Oil represented 70 percent and 71 percent of our total production volumes in 2008 and 2007, respectively. | ||
| Our production margin (defined as oil and natural gas wellhead revenues less production expenses) increased 54 percent to $842.0 million as compared to $548.5 million in 2007. Total oil and natural gas wellhead revenues per BOE increased by 38 percent while total production expenses per BOE increased by 23 percent. On a per BOE basis, our production margin increased 44 percent to $58.29 per BOE as compared to $40.52 per BOE for 2007. | ||
| We reported record net income attributable to EAC stockholders for 2008, which increased to $430.8 million ($8.01 per diluted share) from the $17.2 million ($0.31 per diluted share) reported for 2007. |
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ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
| We invested $775.9 million in oil and natural gas activities (excluding asset retirement obligations of $0.6 million), of which $618.5 million was invested in development, exploitation, and exploration activities, yielding 282 gross (104.8 net) productive wells, and $157.4 million was invested in acquisitions, primarily of unproved acreage. |
Recent Developments
In January 2009, we sold certain oil and natural gas producing properties and related assets
in the Arkoma Basin and royalty interest properties in Oklahoma as well as 10,300 unleased mineral
acres to ENP. The sales price was $49 million in cash, subject to customary adjustments (including
a reduction in the purchase price for acquisition-related commodity derivative premiums of
approximately $3 million).
2009 Outlook
For 2009, the Board has approved a $310 million capital budget for oil and natural gas related
activities, excluding proved property acquisitions. We expect to fund our 2009 capital
expenditures within cash flows from operations and use the additional cash flows from operations to
reduce our debt levels. The following table represents the components of our 2009 capital budget
(in thousands):
Drilling |
$ | 215,000 | ||
Improved oil recovery, workovers |
60,000 | |||
Land, seismic, and other |
35,000 | |||
Total |
$ | 310,000 | ||
The prices we receive for our oil and natural gas production are largely based on current
market prices, which are beyond our control. For comparability and accountability, we take a
constant approach to budgeting commodity prices. We presently analyze our inventory of capital
projects based on managements outlook of future commodity prices. If NYMEX prices continue trend
downward, we may further reevaluate our capital projects. Since the end of 2008, oil NYMEX prices
have declined from $44.60 per Bbl to below $39.00 per Bbl in mid-February 2009 and natural gas
NYMEX prices have declined from $5.62 per Mcf to below $4.25 per Mcf over the same period. The
price risk on a significant portion of our forecasted oil and natural gas production for 2009 is
mitigated using commodity derivative contracts. Please read Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative
Disclosures about Market Risk for additional information regarding our commodity derivative
contracts. We intend to continue to enter into commodity derivative transactions to mitigate the
impact of price volatility on our oil and natural gas revenues. Significant factors that will
impact near-term commodity prices include the following:
| the duration and severity of the worldwide economic recession; | ||
| political developments in Iraq, Iran, Venezuela, Nigeria, and other oil-producing countries; | ||
| the extent to which members of OPEC and other oil exporting nations are able to manage oil supply through export quotas; | ||
| Russias increasing position as a major supplier of natural gas to world markets; | ||
| the level of economic growth in China, India, and other developing countries; | ||
| concerns that major oil fields throughout the world have reached peak production; | ||
| the level of interest rates; | ||
| oilfield service costs; | ||
| the potential for terrorist activity; and | ||
| the value of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies. |
We expect to continue to pursue asset acquisitions, but expect to confront intense competition
for these assets from third parties.
First Quarter 2009 Outlook
We expect our total average daily production volumes to be approximately 39,900 to 41,100
BOE/D in the first quarter of 2009, net of average daily net profits production volumes of
approximately 900 to 1,100 BOE/D. We expect our oil wellhead differentials as a percentage of
NYMEX to widen in the first quarter of 2009 to a negative 22 percent as compared to the negative 20
percent differential we realized in the fourth quarter of 2008. We expect our natural gas wellhead
differentials as a percentage of NYMEX to improve in the first quarter of 2009 to a positive three
percent as compared to the negative 14 percent differential we realized in the fourth quarter of
2008.
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ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
In the first quarter of 2009, we expect our LOE to average $12.75 to $13.25 per BOE, including
approximately $2.5 million ($0.68 per BOE) for retention bonuses related to the strategic
alternatives process to be paid in August 2009. We expect our production taxes to average
approximately 9.5 percent of wellhead revenues in the first quarter of 2009. In the first quarter
of 2009, we expect our depletion, depreciation, and amortization (DD&A) expense to average $18.00
to $18.50 per BOE. In the first quarter of 2009, we expect our G&A expense to average $3.50 to
$4.00 per BOE, including approximately $1.7 million ($0.46 per BOE) for retention bonuses related
to the strategic alternatives process to be paid in August 2009.
During the first quarter of 2009, we expect our effective tax rate to be approximately 38
percent, 95 percent of which is expected to be deferred.
We do not expect to reduce our total debt levels during the first quarter of 2009.
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ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
Results of Operations
Comparison of 2008 to 2007
Oil and natural gas revenues. The following table illustrates the components of oil and
natural gas revenues for the periods indicated, as well as each periods respective production
volumes and average prices:
Year Ended December 31, | Increase | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ | % | |||||||||||||
Revenues (in thousands): |
||||||||||||||||
Oil wellhead |
$ | 900,300 | $ | 606,112 | $ | 294,188 | ||||||||||
Oil commodity derivative contracts |
(2,857 | ) | (43,295 | ) | 40,438 | |||||||||||
Total oil revenues |
$ | 897,443 | $ | 562,817 | $ | 334,626 | 59 | % | ||||||||
Natural gas wellhead |
$ | 227,479 | $ | 160,399 | $ | 67,080 | ||||||||||
Natural gas commodity derivative contracts |
| (10,292 | ) | 10,292 | ||||||||||||
Total natural gas revenues |
$ | 227,479 | $ | 150,107 | $ | 77,372 | 52 | % | ||||||||
Combined wellhead |
$ | 1,127,779 | $ | 766,511 | $ | 361,268 | ||||||||||
Combined commodity derivative contracts |
(2,857 | ) | (53,587 | ) | 50,730 | |||||||||||
Total combined oil and natural gas revenues |
$ | 1,124,922 | $ | 712,924 | $ | 411,998 | 58 | % | ||||||||
Average realized prices: |
||||||||||||||||
Oil wellhead ($/Bbl) |
$ | 89.58 | $ | 63.50 | $ | 26.08 | ||||||||||
Oil commodity derivative contracts ($/Bbl) |
(0.28 | ) | (4.54 | ) | 4.26 | |||||||||||
Total oil revenues ($/Bbl) |
$ | 89.30 | $ | 58.96 | $ | 30.34 | 51 | % | ||||||||
Natural gas wellhead ($/Mcf) |
$ | 8.63 | $ | 6.69 | $ | 1.94 | ||||||||||
Natural gas commodity derivative contracts ($/Mcf) |
| (0.43 | ) | 0.43 | ||||||||||||
Total natural gas revenues ($/Mcf) |
$ | 8.63 | $ | 6.26 | $ | 2.37 | 38 | % | ||||||||
Combined wellhead ($/BOE) |
$ | 78.07 | $ | 56.62 | $ | 21.45 | ||||||||||
Combined commodity derivative contracts ($/BOE) |
(0.20 | ) | (3.96 | ) | 3.76 | |||||||||||
Total combined oil and natural gas revenues ($/BOE) |
$ | 77.87 | $ | 52.66 | $ | 25.21 | 48 | % | ||||||||
Total production volumes: |
||||||||||||||||
Oil (MBbls) |
10,050 | 9,545 | 505 | 5 | % | |||||||||||
Natural gas (MMcf) |
26,374 | 23,963 | 2,411 | 10 | % | |||||||||||
Combined (MBOE) |
14,446 | 13,539 | 907 | 7 | % | |||||||||||
Average daily production volumes: |
||||||||||||||||
Oil (Bbl/D) |
27,459 | 26,152 | 1,307 | 5 | % | |||||||||||
Natural gas (Mcf/D) |
72,060 | 65,651 | 6,409 | 10 | % | |||||||||||
Combined (BOE/D) |
39,470 | 37,094 | 2,376 | 6 | % | |||||||||||
Average NYMEX prices: |
||||||||||||||||
Oil (per Bbl) |
$ | 99.75 | $ | 72.45 | $ | 27.30 | 38 | % | ||||||||
Natural gas (per Mcf) |
$ | 9.04 | $ | 6.86 | $ | 2.18 | 32 | % |
Oil revenues increased 59 percent from $562.8 million in 2007 to $897.4 million in 2008
as a result of an increase in our average realized oil price and an increase in oil production
volumes of 505 MBbls. The increase in oil production volumes contributed approximately $32.1
million in additional oil revenues and was primarily the result of a full year of production from
our Big Horn Basin acquisition in March 2007 and our Williston Basin acquisition in April 2007, as
well as our development program in the Bakken.
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ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
Our average realized oil price increased $30.34 per Bbl from 2007 to 2008 primarily as a
result of an increase in our average realized oil wellhead price, which increased oil revenues by
approximately $262.1 million, or $26.08 per Bbl. Our average realized oil wellhead price increased
primarily as a result of the increase in the average NYMEX price from $72.45 per Bbl in 2007 to
$99.75 per Bbl in 2008.
During July 2006, we elected to discontinue hedge accounting prospectively for all remaining
commodity derivative contracts which were previously accounted for as hedges. While this change
had no effect on our cash flows, results of operations are affected by mark-to-market gains and
losses, which fluctuate with the changes in oil and natural gas prices. As a result, oil revenues
for 2008 included amortization of net losses on certain commodity derivative contracts that were
previously designated as hedges of approximately $2.9 million, or $0.28 per Bbl, while 2007
included approximately $43.3 million, or $4.54 per Bbl, of net losses.
Our average daily production volumes were decreased by 1,530 BOE/D and 1,466 BOE/D in 2008 and
2007, respectively, for net profits interests related to our CCA properties, which reduced our oil
wellhead revenues by $55.3 million and $31.9 million in 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Natural gas revenues increased 52 percent from $150.1 million in 2007 to $227.5 million in
2008 as a result of an increase in our average realized natural gas price and an increase in
natural gas production volumes of 2,411 MMcf. The increase in natural gas production volumes
contributed approximately $16.1 million in additional natural gas revenues and was primarily the
result of our development program in our Permian Basin and Mid-Continent regions.
Our average realized natural gas price increased $2.37 per Mcf from 2007 to 2008 primarily as
a result of an increase in our average realized natural gas wellhead price, which increased natural
gas revenues by approximately $50.9 million, or $1.94 per Mcf. Our average realized natural gas
wellhead price increased primarily as a result of the increase in the average NYMEX price from
$6.86 per Mcf in 2007 to $9.04 per Mcf in 2008. In addition, as a result of our discontinuance of
hedge accounting in July 2006, natural gas revenues for 2007 included amortization of net losses on
certain commodity derivative contracts that were previously designated as hedges of approximately
$10.3 million, or $0.43 per Mcf.
The table below illustrates the relationship between oil and natural gas wellhead prices as a
percentage of average NYMEX prices for the periods indicated. Management uses the wellhead to
NYMEX margin analysis to analyze trends in our oil and natural gas revenues.
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Oil wellhead ($/Bbl) |
$ | 89.58 | $ | 63.50 | ||||
Average NYMEX ($/Bbl) |
$ | 99.75 | $ | 72.45 | ||||
Differential to NYMEX |
$ | (10.17 | ) | $ | (8.95 | ) | ||
Oil wellhead to NYMEX percentage |
90 | % | 88 | % | ||||
Natural gas wellhead ($/Mcf) |
$ | 8.63 | $ | 6.69 | ||||
Average NYMEX ($/Mcf) |
$ | 9.04 | $ | 6.86 | ||||
Differential to NYMEX |
$ | (0.41 | ) | $ | (0.17 | ) | ||
Natural gas wellhead to NYMEX percentage |
95 | % | 98 | % |
Our oil wellhead price as a percentage of the average NYMEX price was 90 percent in 2008 as
compared to 88 percent in 2007. Our natural gas wellhead price as a percentage of the average
NYMEX price was 95 percent in 2008 as compared to 98 percent in 2007.
Marketing revenues and expenses. In 2007, we discontinued purchasing oil from third
party companies as market conditions changed and pipeline space was gained. Implementing this
change allowed us to focus on the marketing of our own oil production, leveraging newly gained
pipeline space, and delivering oil to various newly developed markets in an effort to maximize the
value of the oil at the wellhead. In March 2007, ENP acquired a natural gas pipeline from Anadarko
as part of the Big Horn Basin asset acquisition. Natural gas volumes are purchased from numerous
gas producers at the inlet to the pipeline and resold downstream to various local and off-system
markets. Marketing expenses include pipeline tariffs, storage, truck facility fees, and tank
bottom costs used to support the sale of oil production, the revenues of which are included in our
oil revenues instead of marketing revenues. The following table summarizes our marketing
activities for the periods indicated:
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ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
Year ended December 31, | Decrease | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ | % | |||||||||||||
($ in thousands, except per BOE amounts) | ||||||||||||||||
Marketing revenues |
$ | 10,496 | $ | 42,021 | $ | (31,525 | ) | -75 | % | |||||||
Marketing expenses |
9,570 | 40,549 | (30,979 | ) | -76 | % | ||||||||||
Marketing gain |
$ | 926 | $ | 1,472 | $ | (546 | ) | -37 | % | |||||||
Marketing revenues per BOE |
$ | 0.72 | $ | 3.10 | $ | (2.38 | ) | -77 | % | |||||||
Marketing expenses per BOE |
0.66 | 2.99 | (2.33 | ) | -78 | % | ||||||||||
Marketing gain, per BOE |
$ | 0.06 | $ | 0.11 | $ | (0.05 | ) | -45 | % | |||||||
Expenses. The following table summarizes our expenses, excluding marketing expenses
shown above, for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31, | Increase / (Decrease) | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | $ | % | |||||||||||||
Expenses (in thousands): |
||||||||||||||||
Production: |
||||||||||||||||
Lease operations |
$ | 175,115 | $ | 143,426 | $ | 31,689 | ||||||||||
Production, ad valorem, and severance taxes |
110,644 | 74,585 | 36,059 | |||||||||||||
Total production expenses |
285,759 | 218,011 | 67,748 | 31 | % | |||||||||||
Other: |
||||||||||||||||
Depletion, depreciation, and amortization |
228,252 | 183,980 | 44,272 | |||||||||||||
Impairment of long-lived assets |
59,526 | | 59,526 | |||||||||||||
Exploration |
39,207 | 27,726 | 11,481 | |||||||||||||
General and administrative |
48,421 | 39,124 | 9,297 | |||||||||||||
Derivative fair value loss (gain) |
(346,236 | ) | 112,483 | (458,719 | ) | |||||||||||
Provision for doubtful accounts |
1,984 | 5,816 | (3,832 | ) | ||||||||||||
Other operating |
12,975 | 17,066 | (4,091 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total operating |
329,888 | 604,206 | (274,318 | ) | -45 | % | ||||||||||
Interest |
73,173 | 88,704 | (15,531 | ) | ||||||||||||
Income tax provision |
241,621 | 14,476 | 227,145 | |||||||||||||
Total expenses |
$ | 644,682 | $ | 707,386 | $ | (62,704 | ) | -9 | % | |||||||
Expenses (per BOE): |
||||||||||||||||
Production: |
||||||||||||||||
Lease operations |
$ | 12.12 | $ | 10.59 | $ | 1.53 | ||||||||||
Production, ad valorem, and severance taxes |
7.66 | 5.51 | 2.15 | |||||||||||||
Total production expenses |
19.78 | 16.10 | 3.68 | 23 | % | |||||||||||
Other: |
||||||||||||||||
Depletion, depreciation, and amortization |
15.80 | 13.59 | 2.21 | |||||||||||||
Impairment of long-lived assets |
4.12 | | 4.12 | |||||||||||||
Exploration |
2.71 | 2.05 | 0.66 | |||||||||||||
General and administrative |
3.35 | 2.89 | 0.46 | |||||||||||||
Derivative fair value loss (gain) |
(23.97 | ) | 8.31 | (32.28 | ) | |||||||||||
Provision for doubtful accounts |
0.14 | 0.43 | (0.29 | ) | ||||||||||||
Other operating |
0.90 | 1.26 | (0.36 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total operating |
22.83 | 44.63 | (21.80 | ) | -49 | % | ||||||||||
Interest |
5.07 | 6.55 | (1.48 | ) | ||||||||||||
Income tax provision |
16.73 | 1.07 | 15.66 | |||||||||||||
Total expenses |
$ | 44.63 | $ | 52.25 | $ | (7.62 | ) | -15 | % | |||||||
Production expenses. Total production expenses increased 31 percent from $218.0 million
in 2007 to $285.8 million in 2008 as a result of higher total production volumes and an increase in
the per BOE rate.
Production expense attributable to LOE increased $31.7 million from $143.4 million in
2007 to $175.1 million in 2008 as a result
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ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
of a $1.53 increase in the average per BOE rate, which contributed approximately $22.1 million
of additional LOE, and an increase in production volumes, which contributed approximately $9.6
million of additional LOE. The increase in our average LOE per BOE rate was attributable to:
| increases in prices paid to oilfield service companies and suppliers; | ||
| increases in natural gas prices resulting in higher electricity costs and gas plant fuel costs; | ||
| higher compensation levels for engineers and other technical professionals; and | ||
| an increase of (1) approximately $4.7 million ($0.32 per BOE) for retention bonuses paid in August 2008 and (2) approximately $4.1 million ($0.28 per BOE) for retention bonuses to be paid in August 2009, related to our strategic alternatives process. |
Production expense attributable to production, ad valorem, and severance taxes (production
taxes) increased $36.1 million from $74.6 million in 2007 to $110.6 million in 2008 primarily due
to higher wellhead revenues. As a percentage of oil and natural gas wellhead revenues, production
taxes remained approximately constant at 9.8 percent in 2008 as compared to 9.7 percent in 2007.
DD&A expense. DD&A expense increased $44.3 million from $184.0 million in 2007 to $228.3
million in 2008 as a result of a $2.21 increase in the per BOE rate, which contributed
approximately $32.0 million of additional DD&A expense, and an increase in production volumes,
which contributed approximately $12.3 million of additional DD&A expense. The increase in our
average DD&A per BOE rate was attributable to higher costs incurred resulting from increases in rig
rates, pipe costs, and acquisition costs and the decrease in our total proved reserves to 185.7
MMBOE as of December 31, 2008 as compared to 231.3 MMBOE as of December 31, 2007.
Impairment of long-lived assets. During 2008, circumstances indicated that the carrying
amounts of certain oil and natural gas properties, primarily four wells in the Tuscaloosa Marine
Shale, may not be recoverable. We compared the assets carrying amounts to the undiscounted
expected future net cash flows, which indicated a need for an impairment charge. We then compared
the net carrying amounts of the impaired assets to their estimated fair value, which resulted in a
write-down of the value of proved oil and natural gas properties of $59.5 million. Fair value was
determined using estimates of future production volumes and estimates of future prices we might
receive for these volumes, discounted to a present value.
Exploration expense. Exploration expense increased $11.5 million from $27.7 million in 2007
to $39.2 million in 2008. During 2008, we expensed 8 exploratory dry holes totaling $14.7 million.
During 2007, we expensed 5 exploratory dry holes totaling $14.7 million. Impairment of unproved
acreage increased $9.4 million from $10.8 million in 2007 to $20.2 million in 2008, primarily due
to our larger unproved property base, as well as the impairment of certain acreage through the
normal course of evaluation. The following table illustrates the components of exploration
expenses for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Increase | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Dry holes |
$ | 14,683 | $ | 14,673 | $ | 10 | ||||||
Geological and seismic |
2,851 | 1,455 | 1,396 | |||||||||
Delay rentals |
1,482 | 784 | 698 | |||||||||
Impairment of unproved acreage |
20,191 | 10,814 | 9,377 | |||||||||
Total |
$ | 39,207 | $ | 27,726 | $ | 11,481 | ||||||
G&A expense. G&A expense increased $9.3 million from $39.1 million in 2007 to $48.4
million in 2008, primarily due to:
| a full year of ENP public entity expenses; | ||
| higher activity levels; | ||
| increased personnel costs due to intense competition for human resources within the industry; and | ||
| an increase of (1) approximately $2.9 million for retention bonuses paid in August 2008 and (2) approximately $2.8 million for retention bonuses to be paid in August 2009, related to our strategic alternatives process; | ||
| partially offset by a $3.1 million decrease in non-cash equity-based compensation. |
Derivative fair value loss (gain). During 2008, we recorded a $346.2 million derivative fair
value gain as compared to a $112.5 million derivative fair value loss in 2007, the components of
which were as follows:
8
ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
Year Ended December 31, | Increase / | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | (Decrease) | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Ineffectiveness on designated derivative contracts |
$ | 372 | $ | | $ | 372 | ||||||
Mark-to-market loss (gain) on derivative contracts |
(365,495 | ) | 36,272 | (401,767 | ) | |||||||
Premium amortization |
62,352 | 41,051 | 21,301 | |||||||||
Settlements on commodity derivative contracts |
(43,465 | ) | 35,160 | (78,625 | ) | |||||||
Total derivative fair value loss (gain) |
$ | (346,236 | ) | $ | 112,483 | $ | (458,719 | ) | ||||
The change in our derivative fair value loss (gain) was a result of the addition of
commodity derivative contracts in the first part of 2008 when prices were high and the significant
decrease in prices during the end of 2008, which favorably impacted the fair values of those
contracts.
During 2009, 2010, and 2011, we expect to make payments for deferred premiums of commodity
derivative contracts of $67.0 million, $15.7 million, and $0.9 million, respectively.
Provision for doubtful accounts. In 2008 and 2007, we recorded a provision for doubtful
accounts of $2.0 million and $5.8 million, respectively, for the payout allowance related to the
ExxonMobil joint development agreement.
Other operating expense. Other operating expense decreased $4.1 million from $17.1 million in
2007 to $13.0 million in 2008, primarily due to a $7.4 million loss on the sale of certain
Mid-Continent properties in 2007, partially offset by a $3.4 million increase during 2008 in
third-party transportation costs to move our production to markets outside the immediate area of
production.
Interest expense. Interest expense decreased $15.5 million from $88.7 million in 2007 to
$73.2 million in 2008, primarily due to (1) the use of net proceeds from our Mid-Continent asset
disposition and ENPs IPO to reduce weighted average outstanding borrowings on our revolving credit
facilities, (2) a reduction in LIBOR, and (3) our use of interest rate swaps to fix the rate on a
portion of outstanding borrowings on ENPs revolving credit facility. The weighted average
interest rate for all long-term debt for 2008 was 5.6 percent as compared to 6.9 percent for 2007.
The following table illustrates the components of interest expense for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31, | Increase / | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | (Decrease) | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
6.25% Notes |
$ | 9,727 | $ | 9,705 | $ | 22 | ||||||
6.0% Notes |
18,550 | 18,517 | 33 | |||||||||
7.25% Notes |
10,996 | 10,988 | 8 | |||||||||
Revolving credit facilities |
31,038 | 46,085 | (15,047 | ) | ||||||||
Other |
2,862 | 3,409 | (547 | ) | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 73,173 | $ | 88,704 | $ | (15,531 | ) | |||||
Income taxes. In 2008, we recorded an income tax provision of $241.6 million as compared to
$14.5 million in 2007. In 2008, we had income before income taxes of $726.7 million as compared to
$24.2 million in 2007. Our effective tax rate decreased to 33.2 percent in 2008 as compared to
59.9 percent in 2007 primarily due to the 2007 recognition of non-deductible deferred compensation.
Noncontrolling interest. As of December 31, 2008, public unitholders owned approximately
37 percent of ENPs common units. We consolidate ENPs results of operations in our consolidated
financial statements and show the public ownership as noncontrolling interest. Net income
attributable to noncontrolling interest was approximately $54.3 million for 2008 as compared to a
loss of $7.5 million for 2007.
Comparison of 2007 to 2006
Oil and natural gas revenues. The following table illustrates the components of oil and
natural gas revenues for the periods indicated, as well as each periods respective production
volumes and average prices:
9
ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
Year Ended December 31, | Increase / (Decrease) | |||||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | $ | % | |||||||||||||
Revenues (in thousands): |
||||||||||||||||
Oil wellhead |
$ | 606,112 | $ | 399,180 | $ | 206,932 | ||||||||||
Oil commodity derivative contracts |
(43,295 | ) | (52,206 | ) | 8,911 | |||||||||||
Total oil revenues |
$ | 562,817 | $ | 346,974 | $ | 215,843 | 62 | % | ||||||||
Natural gas wellhead |
$ | 160,399 | $ | 154,458 | $ | 5,941 | ||||||||||
Natural gas commodity derivative contracts |
(10,292 | ) | (8,133 | ) | (2,159 | ) | ||||||||||
Total natural gas revenues |
$ | 150,107 | $ | 146,325 | $ | 3,782 | 3 | % | ||||||||
Combined wellhead |
$ | 766,511 | $ | 553,638 | $ | 212,873 | ||||||||||
Combined commodity derivative contracts |
(53,587 | ) | (60,339 | ) | 6,752 | |||||||||||
Total combined oil and natural gas revenues |
$ | 712,924 | $ | 493,299 | $ | 219,625 | 45 | % | ||||||||
Average realized prices: |
||||||||||||||||
Oil wellhead ($/Bbl) |
$ | 63.50 | $ | 54.42 | $ | 9.08 | ||||||||||
Oil commodity derivative contracts ($/Bbl) |
(4.54 | ) | (7.12 | ) | 2.58 | |||||||||||
Total oil revenues ($/Bbl) |
$ | 58.96 | $ | 47.30 | $ | 11.66 | 25 | % | ||||||||
Natural gas wellhead ($/Mcf) |
$ | 6.69 | $ | 6.59 | $ | 0.10 | ||||||||||
Natural gas commodity derivative contracts ($/Mcf) |
(0.43 | ) | (0.35 | ) | (0.08 | ) | ||||||||||
Total natural gas revenues ($/Mcf) |
$ | 6.26 | $ | 6.24 | $ | 0.02 | 0 | % | ||||||||
Combined wellhead ($/BOE) |
$ | 56.62 | $ | 49.24 | $ | 7.38 | ||||||||||
Combined commodity derivative contracts ($/BOE) |
(3.96 | ) | (5.37 | ) | 1.41 | |||||||||||
Total combined oil and natural gas revenues ($/BOE) |
$ | 52.66 | $ | 43.87 | $ | 8.79 | 20 | % | ||||||||
Total production volumes: |
||||||||||||||||
Oil (MBbls) |
9,545 | 7,335 | 2,210 | 30 | % | |||||||||||
Natural gas (MMcf) |
23,963 | 23,456 | 507 | 2 | % | |||||||||||
Combined (MBOE) |
13,539 | 11,244 | 2,295 | 20 | % | |||||||||||
Average daily production volumes: |
||||||||||||||||
Oil (Bbl/D) |
26,152 | 20,096 | 6,056 | 30 | % | |||||||||||
Natural gas (Mcf/D) |
65,651 | 64,262 | 1,389 | 2 | % | |||||||||||
Combined (BOE/D) |
37,094 | 30,807 | 6,287 | 20 | % | |||||||||||
Average NYMEX prices: |
||||||||||||||||
Oil (per Bbl) |
$ | 72.45 | $ | 66.26 | $ | 6.19 | 9 | % | ||||||||
Natural gas (per Mcf) |
$ | 6.86 | $ | 7.17 | $ | (0.31 | ) | -4 | % |
Oil revenues increased $215.8 million from $347.0 million in 2006 to $562.8 million in 2007,
primarily due to an increase in oil production volumes and an increase in our average realized oil
price. Our production volumes increased 2,210 MBbls from 2007 to 2008, which contributed
approximately $120.3 million in additional oil revenues. The increase in production volumes was
the result of our Big Horn Basin acquisition in March 2007, our Williston Basin acquisition in
April 2007, and our development program.
Our average realized oil price increased $11.66 per Bbl primarily as a result of an increase
in our average realized wellhead price, which increased oil revenues by $86.7 million, or $9.08 per
Bbl. Our average realized oil wellhead price increased primarily as a result of the increase in
the average NYMEX price from $66.26 per Bbl in 2006 to $72.45 per Bbl in 2007. In addition, as a
result of our discontinuance of hedge accounting in July 2006, oil revenues for 2007 included
amortization of net losses of certain commodity derivative contracts that were previously
designated as hedges of approximately $43.3 million, or $4.54 per Bbl, while 2006 included
approximately $52.2 million, or $7.12 per Bbl, of net losses.
Our oil wellhead revenue was reduced by $31.9 million and $22.8 million in 2007 and 2006,
respectively, for net profits interests related to our CCA properties.
10
ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
Natural gas revenues increased $3.8 million from $146.3 million in 2006 to $150.1 million in
2007, primarily due to an increase in production volumes of 507 MMcf, which contributed
approximately $3.3 million in additional natural gas revenues. The increase in natural gas
production volumes was the result of our West Texas joint development agreement with ExxonMobil and
our development program in the Mid-Continent area, partially offset by natural gas production sold
in conjunction with our Mid-Continent asset disposition in 2007.
Our average realized natural gas price increased $0.02 per Mcf primarily as a result of an
increase in our wellhead price, which increased natural gas revenues by $2.6 million, or $0.10 per
Mcf. Our average natural gas wellhead price increased as a result of the tightening of our natural
gas differential despite decreases in the overall market price for natural gas, as reflected in the
decrease in the average NYMEX price from $7.17 per Mcf in 2006 to $6.86 per Mcf in 2007. In
addition, as a result of our discontinuance of hedge accounting in July 2006, natural gas revenues
for 2007 included amortization of net losses of certain commodity derivative contracts that were
previously designated as hedges of approximately $10.3 million, or $0.43 per Mcf, while 2006
included approximately $8.1 million, or $0.35 per Mcf, of net losses.
The table below illustrates the relationship between oil and natural gas wellhead prices as a
percentage of average NYMEX prices for the periods indicated. Management uses the wellhead to
NYMEX margin analysis to analyze trends in our oil and natural gas revenues.
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2007 | 2006 | |||||||
Oil wellhead ($/Bbl) |
$ | 63.50 | $ | 54.42 | ||||
Average NYMEX ($/Bbl) |
$ | 72.45 | $ | 66.26 | ||||
Differential to NYMEX |
$ | (8.95 | ) | $ | (11.84 | ) | ||
Oil wellhead to NYMEX percentage |
88 | % | 82 | % | ||||
Natural gas wellhead ($/Mcf) |
$ | 6.69 | $ | 6.59 | ||||
Average NYMEX ($/Mcf) |
$ | 6.86 | $ | 7.17 | ||||
Differential to NYMEX |
$ | (0.17 | ) | $ | (0.58 | ) | ||
Natural gas wellhead to NYMEX percentage |
98 | % | 92 | % |
Our oil wellhead price as a percentage of the average NYMEX price tightened to 88 percent in
2007 as compared to 82 percent in 2006. Our natural gas wellhead price as a percentage of the
average NYMEX price improved to 98 percent in 2007 as compared to 92 percent in 2006. The
differential improved because of efforts to reduce natural gas transportation and gathering costs.
Marketing revenues and expenses. In 2006, we purchased third-party oil Bbls from
counterparties other than to whom the Bbls were sold for aggregation and sale with our own
production in various markets. These purchases assisted us in marketing our production by
decreasing our dependence on individual markets. These activities allowed us to aggregate larger
volumes, facilitated our efforts to maximize the prices we received for production, provided for a
greater allocation of future pipeline capacity in the event of curtailments, and enabled us to
reach other markets.
In 2007, we discontinued purchasing oil from third party companies as market conditions
changed and historical pipeline space was realized. Implementing this change allowed us to focus
on the marketing of our own production, leveraging newly gained pipeline space, and delivering oil
to various newly developed markets in an effort to maximize the value of the oil at the wellhead.
In March 2007, ENP acquired a natural gas pipeline from Anadarko as part of the Big Horn Basin
asset acquisition. Natural gas volumes are purchased from numerous gas producers at the inlet to
the pipeline and resold downstream to various local and off-system markets.
The following table summarizes our marketing activities for the periods indicated:
11
ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
Year ended December 31, | Increase / (Decrease) | |||||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | $ | % | |||||||||||||
($ in thousands, except per BOE amounts) | ||||||||||||||||
Marketing revenues |
$ | 42,021 | $ | 147,563 | $ | (105,542 | ) | -72 | % | |||||||
Marketing expenses |
40,549 | 148,571 | (108,022 | ) | -73 | % | ||||||||||
Marketing gain (loss) |
$ | 1,472 | $ | (1,008 | ) | $ | 2,480 | -246 | % | |||||||
Marketing revenues per BOE |
$ | 3.10 | $ | 13.12 | $ | (10.02 | ) | -76 | % | |||||||
Marketing expenses per BOE |
2.99 | 13.21 | (10.22 | ) | -77 | % | ||||||||||
Marketing gain (loss), per BOE |
$ | 0.11 | $ | (0.09 | ) | $ | 0.20 | -222 | % | |||||||
Expenses. The following table summarizes our expenses, excluding marketing expenses shown
above, for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31, | Increase / (Decrease) | |||||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | $ | % | |||||||||||||
Expenses (in thousands): |
||||||||||||||||
Production: |
||||||||||||||||
Lease operations |
$ | 143,426 | $ | 98,194 | $ | 45,232 | ||||||||||
Production, ad valorem, and severance taxes |
74,585 | 49,780 | 24,805 | |||||||||||||
Total production expenses |
218,011 | 147,974 | 70,037 | 47 | % | |||||||||||
Other: |
||||||||||||||||
Depletion, depreciation, and amortization |
183,980 | 113,463 | 70,517 | |||||||||||||
Exploration |
27,726 | 30,519 | (2,793 | ) | ||||||||||||
General and administrative |
39,124 | 23,194 | 15,930 | |||||||||||||
Derivative fair value loss (gain) |
112,483 | (24,388 | ) | 136,871 | ||||||||||||
Provision for doubtful accounts |
5,816 | 1,970 | 3,846 | |||||||||||||
Other operating |
17,066 | 8,053 | 9,013 | |||||||||||||
Total operating |
604,206 | 300,785 | 303,421 | 101 | % | |||||||||||
Interest |
88,704 | 45,131 | 43,573 | |||||||||||||
Income tax provision |
14,476 | 55,406 | (40,930 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total expenses |
$ | 707,386 | $ | 401,322 | $ | 306,064 | 76 | % | ||||||||
Expenses (per BOE): |
||||||||||||||||
Production: |
||||||||||||||||
Lease operations |
$ | 10.59 | $ | 8.73 | $ | 1.86 | ||||||||||
Production, ad valorem, and severance taxes |
5.51 | 4.43 | 1.08 | |||||||||||||
Total production expenses |
16.10 | 13.16 | 2.94 | 22 | % | |||||||||||
Other: |
||||||||||||||||
Depletion, depreciation, and amortization |
13.59 | 10.09 | 3.50 | |||||||||||||
Exploration |
2.05 | 2.71 | (0.66 | ) | ||||||||||||
General and administrative |
2.89 | 2.06 | 0.83 | |||||||||||||
Derivative fair value loss (gain) |
8.31 | (2.17 | ) | 10.48 | ||||||||||||
Provision for doubtful accounts |
0.43 | 0.18 | 0.25 | |||||||||||||
Other operating |
1.26 | 0.71 | 0.55 | |||||||||||||
Total operating |
44.63 | 26.74 | 17.89 | 67 | % | |||||||||||
Interest |
6.55 | 4.01 | 2.54 | |||||||||||||
Income tax provision |
1.07 | 4.93 | (3.86 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total expenses |
$ | 52.25 | $ | 35.68 | $ | 16.57 | 46 | % | ||||||||
Production expenses. Total production expenses increased $70.0 million from $148.0 million in
2006 to $218.0 million in 2007 due to higher total production volumes and a $2.94 increase in
production expenses per BOE. Our production margin increased by $142.8 million (35 percent) to
$548.5 million in 2007 as compared to $405.7 million in 2006. Total production expenses per BOE
increased by 22 percent while total oil and natural gas wellhead revenues per BOE increased by 15
percent. On a per BOE basis, our production margin increased 12 percent to $40.52 per BOE for 2007
as compared to $36.08 per BOE for 2006.
12
ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
Production expense attributable to LOE increased $45.2 million from $98.2 million in 2006 to
$143.4 million in 2007, primarily as a result of a $1.86 increase in the average per BOE rate,
which contributed approximately $25.2 million of additional LOE, and higher production volumes,
which contributed approximately $20.0 million of additional LOE. The increase in our average LOE
per BOE rate was attributable to:
| increases in prices paid to oilfield service companies and suppliers; | ||
| increased operational activity to maximize production; | ||
| HPAI expenses at the CCA; and | ||
| higher salary levels for engineers and other technical professionals. |
Production expense attributable to production taxes increased $24.8 million from $49.8 million
in 2006 to $74.6 million in 2007. The increase was primarily due to higher wellhead revenues. As
a percentage of oil and natural gas revenues (excluding the effects of commodity derivative
contracts), production taxes increased to 9.7 percent in 2007 as compared to 9.0 percent in 2006 as
a result of higher rates in the states where the properties associated with our Big Horn Basin and
Williston Basin asset acquisitions are located.
DD&A expense. DD&A expense increased $70.5 million from $113.5 million in 2006 to $184.0
million in 2007 due to a $3.50 increase in the per BOE rate and higher production volumes. The per
BOE rate increased due to the higher cost basis of the properties associated with our Big Horn
Basin and Williston Basin asset acquisitions, development of proved undeveloped reserves, and
higher costs incurred resulting from increases in rig rates, oilfield services costs, and
acquisition costs. These factors resulted in additional DD&A expense of approximately $47.3
million, while the increase in production volumes resulted in additional DD&A expense of
approximately $23.2 million.
Exploration expense. Exploration expense decreased $2.8 million from $30.5 million in 2006 to
$27.7 million in 2007. During 2007, we expensed 5 exploratory dry holes totaling $14.7 million.
During 2006, we expensed 14 exploratory dry holes totaling $17.3 million. The following table
details our exploration expenses for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31, | Increase / | |||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | (Decrease) | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Dry holes |
$ | 14,673 | $ | 17,257 | $ | (2,584 | ) | |||||
Geological and seismic |
1,455 | 1,720 | (265 | ) | ||||||||
Delay rentals |
784 | 670 | 114 | |||||||||
Impairment of unproved acreage |
10,814 | 10,872 | (58 | ) | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 27,726 | $ | 30,519 | $ | (2,793 | ) | |||||
G&A expense. G&A expense increased $15.9 million from $23.2 million in 2006 to $39.1 million
in 2007, primarily due to:
| a $6.4 million increase in non-cash equity-based compensation expense; | ||
| increased staffing to manage our larger asset base; | ||
| higher activity levels; and | ||
| increased personnel costs due to intense competition for human resources within the industry. |
Derivative fair value loss (gain). During 2007, we recorded a $112.5 million derivative fair
value loss as compared to a $24.4 million derivative fair value gain in 2006, the components of
which were as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | Increase / | |||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | (Decrease) | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Ineffectiveness on designated cash flow hedges |
$ | | $ | 1,748 | $ | (1,748 | ) | |||||
Mark-to-market loss (gain) on commodity derivative contracts |
36,272 | (31,205 | ) | 67,477 | ||||||||
Premium amortization |
41,051 | 13,926 | 27,125 | |||||||||
Settlements on commodity derivative contracts |
35,160 | (8,857 | ) | 44,017 | ||||||||
Total derivative fair value loss (gain) |
$ | 112,483 | $ | (24,388 | ) | $ | 136,871 | |||||
13
ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
Provision for doubtful accounts. Provision for doubtful accounts increased $3.8 million from
$2.0 million in 2006 to $5.8 million in 2007, primarily due to an increase in the payout allowance
related to the ExxonMobil joint development agreement.
Other operating expense. Other operating expense increased $9.0 million from $8.1 million in
2006 to $17.1 million in 2007, primarily due to a $7.4 million loss on the sale of certain
Mid-Continent properties and increases in third-party transportation costs attributable to moving
our CCA production into markets outside the immediate area of production.
Interest expense. Interest expense increased $43.6 million from $45.1 million in 2006 to
$88.7 million in 2007, primarily due to additional debt used to finance the Big Horn Basin and
Williston Basin asset acquisitions. The weighted average interest rate for all long-term debt for
2007 was 6.9 percent as compared to 6.1 percent for 2006.
The following table illustrates the components of interest expense for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31, | Increase / | |||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | (Decrease) | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
6.25% Notes |
$ | 9,705 | $ | 9,684 | $ | 21 | ||||||
6.0% Notes |
18,517 | 18,418 | 99 | |||||||||
7.25% Notes |
10,988 | 10,984 | 4 | |||||||||
Revolving credit facilities |
46,085 | 3,609 | 42,476 | |||||||||
Other |
3,409 | 2,436 | 973 | |||||||||
Total |
$ | 88,704 | $ | 45,131 | $ | 43,573 | ||||||
Income taxes. During 2007, we recorded an income tax provision of $14.5 million as compared
to $55.4 million in 2006. Our effective tax rate increased to 59.9 percent in 2007 as compared to
37.5 percent in 2006 primarily due to a permanent rate adjustment for ENPs management incentive
units, a state rate adjustment due to larger apportionment of future taxable income to states with
higher tax rates, and permanent timing adjustments that will not reverse in future periods.
Noncontrolling interest. As of December 31, 2007, public unitholders in ENP had a limited
partner interest of approximately 40 percent. We consolidate ENP in our consolidated financial
statements and show the ownership by the public as a noncontrolling interest. Net loss
attributable to noncontrolling interest was $7.5 million for 2007.
Capital Commitments, Capital Resources, and Liquidity
Capital commitments. Our primary needs for cash are:
| Development, exploitation, and exploration of oil and natural gas properties; | ||
| Acquisitions of oil and natural gas properties; | ||
| Funding of necessary working capital; and | ||
| Contractual obligations. |
Development, exploitation, and exploration of oil and natural gas properties. The following
table summarizes our costs incurred (excluding asset retirement obligations) related to
development, exploitation, and exploration activities for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Development and exploitation |
$ | 362,111 | $ | 270,016 | $ | 253,484 | ||||||
Exploration |
256,437 | 97,453 | 95,205 | |||||||||
Total |
$ | 618,548 | $ | 367,469 | $ | 348,689 | ||||||
Our development and exploitation expenditures primarily relate to drilling development and
infill wells, workovers of existing wells, and field related facilities. Our development and
exploitation capital for 2008 yielded 186 gross (73.4 net) successful wells and 5 gross (3.1 net)
dry holes. Our exploration expenditures primarily relate to drilling exploratory wells, seismic
costs, delay rentals, and geological and geophysical costs. Our exploration capital for 2008
yielded 96 gross (31.4 net) successful wells and 8 gross (3.8
14
ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
net) dry holes. Please read Items 1 and 2. Business and Properties Development Results
included in our 2008 Annual Report for a description of the areas in which we drilled wells during
2008.
Acquisitions of oil and natural gas properties and leasehold acreage. The following table
summarizes our costs incurred (excluding asset retirement obligations) related to oil and natural
gas property acquisitions for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Acquisitions of proved property |
$ | 28,729 | $ | 787,988 | $ | 4,486 | ||||||
Acquisitions of leasehold acreage |
128,635 | 52,306 | 24,462 | |||||||||
Total |
$ | 157,364 | $ | 840,294 | $ | 28,948 | ||||||
In March 2007, Encore Operating and OLLC acquired oil and natural gas properties in the Big
Horn Basin, including properties in the Elk Basin and the Gooseberry fields for approximately
$393.6 million. In April 2007, we acquired oil and natural gas properties in the Williston Basin
for approximately $392.1 million.
During 2008, our capital expenditures for leasehold acreage costs totaled $128.6 million,
$45.2 million of which related to the exercise of preferential rights in the Haynesville area and
the remainder of which related to the acquisition of unproved acreage in various areas. During
2007, our capital expenditures for leasehold acreage costs totaled $52.3 million, $16.1 million of
which related to the Williston Basin asset acquisition and the remainder of which related to the
acquisition of unproved acreage in various areas. During 2006, our capital expenditures for
leasehold acreage costs totaled $24.5 million, all of which related to the acquisition of unproved
acreage in various areas.
Funding of necessary working capital. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, our working capital
(defined as total current assets less total current liabilities) was $188.7 million and negative
$16.2 million, respectively. The increase in 2008 as compared to 2007 was primarily attributable
to a decrease in commodity prices at December 31, 2008 as compared to December 31, 2007, which
positively impacted the fair value of our outstanding commodity derivative contracts.
For 2009, we expect working capital to remain positive, primarily due to the fair value of our
outstanding derivative contracts. We anticipate cash reserves to be close to zero because we
intend to use any excess cash to fund capital obligations and reduce outstanding borrowings and
related interest expense under our revolving credit facility. However, we have availability under
our revolving credit facility to fund our obligations as they become due. We do not plan to pay
cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Our production volumes, commodity prices, and
differentials for oil and natural gas will be the largest variables affecting working capital. Our
operating cash flow is determined in large part by production volumes and commodity prices. Given
our current commodity derivative contracts, assuming constant or increasing production volumes, our
operating cash flow should remain positive in 2009.
The Board approved a capital budget of $310 million for 2009, excluding proved property
acquisitions. The level of these and other future expenditures are largely discretionary, and the
amount of funds devoted to any particular activity may increase or decrease significantly,
depending on available opportunities, timing of projects, and market conditions. We plan to
finance our ongoing expenditures using internally generated cash flow and borrowings under our
revolving credit facility.
Off-balance sheet arrangements. We have no investments in unconsolidated entities or persons
that could materially affect our liquidity or the availability of capital resources. We have no
off-balance sheet arrangements that are material to our financial position or results of
operations.
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ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
Contractual obligations. The following table illustrates our contractual obligations and
commitments at December 31, 2008:
Contractual Obligations | Payments Due by Period | |||||||||||||||||||||||
and Commitments | Maturity Date | Total | 2009 | 2010 - 2011 | 2012 - 2013 | Thereafter | ||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
6.25% Notes (a) |
4/15/2014 | $ | 201,563 | $ | 9,375 | $ | 18,750 | $ | 18,750 | $ | 154,688 | |||||||||||||
6.0% Notes (a) |
7/15/2015 | 426,000 | 18,000 | 36,000 | 36,000 | 336,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
7.25% Notes (a) |
12/1/2017 | 247,875 | 10,875 | 21,750 | 21,750 | 193,500 | ||||||||||||||||||
Revolving credit facilities (a) |
3/7/2012 | 789,626 | 19,885 | 39,770 | 729,971 | | ||||||||||||||||||
Commodity derivative contracts (b) |
| | | | | |||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
4,342 | 1,269 | 3,071 | 2 | | |||||||||||||||||||
Capital lease obligations |
1,747 | 466 | 932 | 349 | | |||||||||||||||||||
Development commitments (c) |
134,860 | 134,860 | | | | |||||||||||||||||||
Operating
leases and commitments (d) |
17,493 | 3,952 | 7,577 | 5,964 | | |||||||||||||||||||
Asset retirement obligations (e) |
178,889 | 1,511 | 3,022 | 3,022 | 171,334 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 2,002,395 | $ | 200,193 | $ | 130,872 | $ | 815,808 | $ | 855,522 | ||||||||||||||
(a) | Includes principal and projected interest payments. Please read Note 8 of our Recast Financial Statements for additional information regarding our long-term debt. | |
(b) | At December 31, 2008, our commodity derivative contracts were in a net asset position. With the exception of $67.6 million of deferred premiums on commodity derivative contracts, the ultimate settlement amounts of our commodity derivative contracts are unknown because they are subject to continuing market risk. Please read Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk included in our 2008 Annual Report and Notes 13 and 14 of our Recast Financial Statements for additional information regarding our commodity derivative contracts. | |
(c) | Development commitments include: authorized purchases for work in process of $116.7 million and future minimum payments for drilling rig operations of $18.1 million. Also at December 31, 2008, we had $178.2 million of authorized purchases not placed to vendors (authorized AFEs), which were not accrued and are excluded from the above table but are budgeted for and are expected to be made unless circumstances change. | |
(d) | Operating leases and commitments include office space and equipment obligations that have non-cancelable lease terms in excess of one year of $16.8 million and future minimum payments for other operating commitments of $0.7 million. Please read Note 4 of our Recast Financial Statements for additional information regarding our operating leases. | |
(e) | Asset retirement obligations represent the undiscounted future plugging and abandonment expenses on oil and natural gas properties and related facilities disposal at the end of field life. Please read Note 5 of our Recast Financial Statements for additional information regarding our asset retirement obligations. |
Other contingencies and commitments. In order to facilitate ongoing sales of our oil
production in the CCA, we ship a portion of our production in pipelines downstream and sell to
purchasers at major market hubs. From time to time, shipping delays, purchaser stipulations, or
other conditions may require that we sell our oil production in periods subsequent to the period in
which it is produced. In such case, the deferred sale would have an adverse effect in the period
of production on reported production volumes, oil and natural gas revenues, and costs as measured
on a unit-of-production basis.
The marketing of our CCA oil production is mainly dependent on transportation through the
Bridger, Poplar, and Butte pipelines to markets in the Guernsey, Wyoming area. Alternative
transportation routes and markets have been developed by moving a portion of the crude oil
production through the Enbridge Pipeline to the Clearbrook, Minnesota hub. To a lesser extent, our
production also depends on transportation through the Platte Pipeline to Wood River, Illinois as
well as other pipelines connected to the Guernsey, Wyoming area. While shipments on the Platte
Pipeline are oversubscribed and have been subject to apportionment since December 2005, we were
allocated sufficient pipeline capacity to move our crude oil production effective January 1, 2007.
Enbridge completed an expansion, which moved the total Rockies area pipeline takeaway closer to a
balancing point with increasing production volumes and thereby provided greater stability to oil
differentials in the area. In spite of the increase in capacity, the Enbridge Pipeline continues
to run at full capacity and is scheduled to complete an additional expansion by the beginning of
2010. However, further restrictions on available capacity to transport oil through any of the
above-mentioned pipelines, any other pipelines, or any refinery upsets could have a material
adverse effect on our production volumes and the prices we receive for our production.
The difference between NYMEX market prices and the price received at the wellhead for oil and
natural gas production is commonly referred to as a differential. In recent years, production
increases from competing Canadian and Rocky Mountain producers, in conjunction with limited
refining and pipeline capacity from the Rocky Mountain area, have affected this differential. We
cannot accurately predict future crude oil and natural gas differentials. Increases in the
percentage differential between the NYMEX price for oil and natural gas and the wellhead price we
receive could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position, and
cash flows. The following table illustrates the relationship between oil and natural gas wellhead
prices as a percentage of average NYMEX prices by quarter for 2008, as well as our expected
differentials for the first quarter of 2009:
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ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
Actual | Forecast | |||||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | Second Quarter | Third Quarter | Fourth Quarter | First Quarter | ||||||||||||||||
of 2008 | of 2008 | of 2008 | of 2008 | of 2009 | ||||||||||||||||
Oil wellhead to NYMEX percentage |
91 | % | 94 | % | 91 | % | 80 | % | 78 | % | ||||||||||
Natural gas wellhead to NYMEX percentage |
103 | % | 102 | % | 93 | % | 86 | % | 103 | % |
Capital resources
Cash flows from operating activities. Cash provided by operating activities increased $343.5
million from $319.7 million in 2007 to $663.2 million in 2008, primarily due to an increase in our
production margin, partially offset by increased settlements on our commodity derivative contracts
as a result of higher commodity prices in the first half of 2008.
Cash provided by operating activities increased $22.4 million from $297.3 million in 2006 to
$319.7 million in 2007, primarily due to an increase in our production margin, partially offset by
increased settlements on our commodity derivative contracts as a result of increases in oil prices
and an increase in accounts receivable as a result of increased oil and natural gas production.
Cash flows from investing activities. Cash used in investing activities decreased $201.3
million from $929.6 million in 2007 to $728.3 million in 2008, primarily due to a $706.0 million
decrease in amounts paid for acquisitions of oil and natural gas properties and a $283.7 million
decrease in proceeds received for the disposition of assets, partially offset by a $225.1 million
increase in development of oil and natural gas properties. In 2007, we paid approximately $393.6
million in conjunction with the Big Horn Basin asset acquisition and approximately $392.1 million
in conjunction with the Williston Basin asset acquisition. In 2007, we also completed the sale of
certain oil and natural gas properties in the Mid-Continent for net proceeds of approximately
$294.8 million. During 2008, we advanced $24.8 million (net of collections) to ExxonMobil for
their portion of costs incurred drilling wells under the joint development agreement as compared to
advancements of $29.5 million (net of collections) in 2007.
Cash used in investing activities increased $532.2 million from $397.4 million in 2006 to
$929.6 million in 2007, primarily due to a $818.4 million increase in amounts paid for acquisitions
of oil and natural gas properties, primarily our Big Horn Basin and Williston Basin asset
acquisitions, partially offset by a $286.4 million increase in proceeds received for the
disposition of assets, primarily our Mid-Continent asset disposition. During 2007, we advanced
$29.5 million (net of collections) to ExxonMobil for their portion of costs incurred drilling the
commitment wells under the joint development agreement as compared to advancements of $22.4 million
(net of collections) in 2006.
Cash flows from financing activities. Our cash flows from financing activities consist
primarily of proceeds from and payments on long-term debt and repurchases of our common stock. We
periodically draw on our revolving credit facility to fund acquisitions and other capital
commitments.
During 2008, we received net cash of $65.4 million from financing activities, including net
borrowings on our revolving credit facilities of $199 million, which resulted in an increase in
outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facilities from $526 million at December 31, 2007
to $725 million at December 31, 2008.
In December 2007, we announced that the Board approved a share repurchase program authorizing
us to repurchase up to $50 million of our common stock. During 2008, we completed the share
repurchase program by repurchasing and retiring 1,397,721 shares of our outstanding common stock at
an average price of approximately $35.77 per share.
In October 2008, we announced that the Board authorized a new share repurchase program of up
to $40 million of our common stock. The shares may be repurchased from time to time in the open
market or through privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase program is subject to business
and market conditions, and may be suspended or discontinued at any time. The share repurchase
program will be funded using our available cash. As of December 31, 2008, we had repurchased and
retired 620,265 shares of our outstanding common stock for approximately $17.2 million, or an
average price of $27.68 per share, under the new share repurchase program.
During 2007, we received net cash of $610.8 million from financing activities, including net
borrowings on our revolving credit facilities of $444.8 million and net proceeds of $193.5 million
from ENPs issuance of common units. Net borrowings on our revolving credit facilities were
primarily due to borrowings used to finance our Big Horn Basin and Williston Basin asset
acquisitions,
which were partially offset by repayments from the net proceeds received from the
Mid-Continent asset disposition and ENPs issuance of common units.
17
ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
During 2006, we received net cash of $99.2 million from financing activities. In April 2006,
we received net proceeds of $127.1 million from a public offering of 4,000,000 shares of our common
stock, which were used to (1) reduce outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility,
(2) invest in oil and natural gas activities, and (3) pay general corporate expenses.
Liquidity. Our primary sources of liquidity are internally generated cash flows and the
borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility. We also have the ability to adjust our
capital expenditures. We may use other sources of capital, including the issuance of additional
debt or equity securities, to fund acquisitions or maintain our financial flexibility. We believe
that our internally generated cash flows and availability under our revolving credit facility will
be sufficient to fund our planned capital expenditures for the foreseeable future. However, should
commodity prices continue to decline or the capital markets remain tight, the borrowing capacity
under our revolving credit facilities could be adversely affected. We are currently in a process
of redetermining the borrowing base under our revolving credit facilities. We expect that the
banks will reaffirm our current borrowing base but we recognize that this process could result in a
reduction. In the event of a reduction in the borrowing base under our revolving credit
facilities, we do not believe it will result in any required prepayments of indebtedness given our
relatively low levels of borrowings under those facilities in relation to the existing borrowing
base.
Internally generated cash flows. Our internally generated cash flows, results of operations,
and financing for our operations are largely dependent on oil and natural gas prices. During 2008,
our average realized oil and natural gas prices increased by 51 percent and 38 percent,
respectively, as compared to 2007. Realized oil and natural gas prices fluctuate widely in
response to changing market forces. In 2008, approximately 70 percent of our production was oil.
As previously discussed, our oil wellhead differentials during 2008 improved as compared to 2007,
favorably impacting the prices we received for our oil production. To the extent oil and natural
gas prices continue to decline from levels in mid. February 2009 or we experience a significant
widening of our differentials, earnings, cash flows from operations, and availability under our
revolving credit facility may be adversely impacted. Prolonged periods of low oil and natural gas
prices or sustained wider differentials could cause us to not be in compliance with financial
covenants under our revolving credit facility and thereby affect our liquidity. However, we have
protected a significant portion of our forecasted production for 2009 against declining commodity
prices. Please read Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk included
in our 2008 Annual Report and Notes 13 and 14 of our Recast Financial Statements for additional
information regarding our commodity derivative contracts.
Revolving credit facilities. Our principal source of short-term liquidity is our revolving
credit facility. The syndicate of lenders underwriting our facility includes 30 banking and other
financial institutions, and the syndicate of lenders underwriting ENPs facility includes 13
banking and other financial institutions, both after taking into consideration recent mergers and
acquisitions within the financial services industry. None of the lenders are underwriting more
than eight percent of the respective total commitments. We believe the large number of lenders,
the relatively small percentage participation of each, and the relatively high level of
availability under each facility provides adequate diversity and flexibility should further
consolidation occur within the financial services industry.
Certain of the lenders underwriting our facility are also counterparties to our commodity
derivative contracts. At December 31, 2008, we had committed greater than 10 percent of either our
outstanding oil or natural gas commodity derivative contracts to the following counterparties:
Percentage of | Percentage of | |||||||
Oil Derivative | Natural Gas Derivative | |||||||
Contracts | Contracts | |||||||
Counterparty | Committed | Committed | ||||||
BNP Paribas |
22 | % | 24 | % | ||||
Calyon |
15 | % | 31 | % | ||||
Fortis |
11 | % | | |||||
UBS |
16 | % | | |||||
Wachovia |
11 | % | 38 | % |
Encore Acquisition Company Senior Secured Credit Agreement
In March 2007, we entered into a five-year amended and restated credit agreement (as amended,
the EAC Credit Agreement) with a bank syndicate including Bank of America, N.A. and other
lenders. The EAC Credit Agreement matures on March 7, 2012. Effective February 7, 2008, we
amended the EAC Credit Agreement to, among other things, provide that certain negative covenants in
the EAC Credit Agreement restricting hedge transactions do not apply to any oil and natural gas
hedge transaction that is a floor or put
18
ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
transaction not requiring any future payments or delivery
by us or any of our restricted subsidiaries. Effective May 22, 2008, we amended the EAC Credit
Agreement to, among other things, increase the interest rate margins applicable to loans made under
the EAC Credit Agreement, as set forth in the table below, and increase the borrowing base to $1.1
billion. The EAC Credit Agreement provides for revolving credit loans to be made to us from time
to time and letters of credit to be issued from time to time for our account or the account of any
of our restricted subsidiaries.
The aggregate amount of the commitments of the lenders under the EAC Credit Agreement is $1.25
billion. Availability under the EAC Credit Agreement is subject to a borrowing base, which is
redetermined semi-annually on April 1 and October 1 and upon requested special redeterminations.
On December 5, 2008, the borrowing base under the EAC Credit Agreement was redetermined with no
change. As of December 31, 2008, the borrowing base was $1.1 billion. We are currently in a
process of redetermining the borrowing base under the EAC Credit Agreement which could result in a
reduction to the borrowing base.
Our obligations under the EAC Credit Agreement are secured by a first-priority security
interest in our restricted subsidiaries proved oil and natural gas reserves and in our equity
interests in our restricted subsidiaries. In addition, our obligations under the EAC Credit
Agreement are guaranteed by our restricted subsidiaries.
Loans under the EAC Credit Agreement are subject to varying rates of interest based on (1) the
total outstanding borrowings in relation to the borrowing base and (2) whether the loan is a
Eurodollar loan or a base rate loan. Eurodollar loans bear interest at the Eurodollar rate plus
the applicable margin indicated in the following table, and base rate loans bear interest at the
base rate plus the applicable margin indicated in the following table:
Applicable Margin for | Applicable Margin for | |||||||
Ratio of Total Outstanding Borrowings to Borrowing Base | Eurodollar Loans | Base Rate Loans | ||||||
Less than .50 to 1 |
1.250 | % | 0.000 | % | ||||
Greater than or equal to .50 to 1 but less than .75 to 1 |
1.500 | % | 0.250 | % | ||||
Greater than or equal to .75 to 1 but less than .90 to 1 |
1.750 | % | 0.500 | % | ||||
Greater than or equal to .90 to 1 |
2.000 | % | 0.750 | % |
The Eurodollar rate for any interest period (either one, two, three, or six months, as
selected by us) is the rate per year equal to LIBOR, as published by Reuters or another source
designated by Bank of America, N.A., for deposits in dollars for a similar interest period. The
base rate is calculated as the higher of (1) the annual rate of interest announced by Bank of
America, N.A. as its prime rate and (2) the federal funds effective rate plus 0.5 percent.
Any outstanding letters of credit reduce the availability under the EAC Credit Agreement.
Borrowings under the EAC Credit Agreement may be repaid from time to time without penalty.
The EAC Credit Agreement contains covenants that include, among others:
| a prohibition against incurring debt, subject to permitted exceptions; | ||
| a prohibition against paying dividends or making distributions, purchasing or redeeming capital stock, or prepaying indebtedness, subject to permitted exceptions; | ||
| a restriction on creating liens on our and our restricted subsidiaries assets, subject to permitted exceptions; | ||
| restrictions on merging and selling assets outside the ordinary course of business; | ||
| restrictions on use of proceeds, investments, transactions with affiliates, or change of principal business; | ||
| a provision limiting oil and natural gas hedging transactions (other than puts) to a volume not exceeding 75 percent of anticipated production from proved producing reserves; | ||
| a requirement that we maintain a ratio of consolidated current assets (as defined in the EAC Credit Agreement) to consolidated current liabilities (as defined in the EAC Credit Agreement) of not less than 1.0 to 1.0; and | ||
| a requirement that we maintain a ratio of consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the EAC Credit Agreement) to the sum of consolidated net interest expense plus letter of credit fees of not less than 2.5 to 1.0. |
The EAC Credit Agreement contains customary events of default. If an event of default occurs
and is continuing, lenders with a majority of the aggregate commitments may require Bank of
America, N.A. to declare all amounts outstanding under the EAC Credit Agreement to be immediately
due and payable.
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ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
We incur a commitment fee on the unused portion of the EAC Credit Agreement determined based
on the ratio of amounts outstanding under the EAC Credit Agreement to the borrowing base in effect
on such date. The following table summarizes the calculation of the commitment fee under the EAC
Credit Agreement:
Commitment | ||||
Ratio of Total Outstanding Borrowings to Borrowing Base | Fee Percentage | |||
Less than .50 to 1 |
0.250 | % | ||
Greater than or equal to .50 to 1 but less than .75 to 1 |
0.300 | % | ||
Greater than or equal to .75 to 1 |
0.375 | % |
On December 31, 2008, there were $575 million of outstanding borrowings and $525 million
of borrowing capacity under the EAC Credit Agreement. On February 18, 2009, there were $543
million of outstanding borrowings and $557 million of borrowing capacity under the EAC Credit
Agreement.
Encore Energy Partners Operating LLC Credit Agreement
OLLC is a party to a five-year credit agreement dated March 7, 2007 (as amended, the OLLC
Credit Agreement) with a bank syndicate including Bank of America, N.A. and other lenders. The
OLLC Credit Agreement matures on March 7, 2012. On August 22, 2007, OLLC amended its credit
agreement to revise certain financial covenants. The OLLC Credit Agreement provides for revolving
credit loans to be made to OLLC from time to time and letters of credit to be issued from time to
time for the account of OLLC or any of its restricted subsidiaries.
The aggregate amount of the commitments of the lenders under the OLLC Credit Agreement is $300
million. Availability under the OLLC Credit Agreement is subject to a borrowing base, which is
redetermined semi-annually on April 1 and October 1 and upon requested special redeterminations.
On December 5, 2008, the borrowing base under the OLLC Credit Agreement was redetermined with no
change. As of December 31, 2008, the borrowing base was $240 million. We are currently in a
process of redetermining the borrowing base under the OLLC Credit Agreement which could result in a
reduction to the borrowing base.
OLLCs obligations under the OLLC Credit Agreement are secured by a first-priority security
interest in OLLCs proved oil and natural gas reserves and in the equity interests of OLLC and its
restricted subsidiaries. In addition, OLLCs obligations under the OLLC Credit Agreement are
guaranteed by ENP and OLLCs restricted subsidiaries. We consolidate the debt of ENP with that of
our own; however, obligations under the OLLC Credit Agreement are non-recourse to us and our
restricted subsidiaries.
Loans under the OLLC Credit Agreement are subject to varying rates of interest based on (1)
the total outstanding borrowings in relation to the borrowing base and (2) whether the loan is a
Eurodollar loan or a base rate loan. Eurodollar loans bear interest at the Eurodollar rate plus
the applicable margin indicated in the following table, and base rate loans bear interest at the
base rate plus the applicable margin indicated in the following table:
Applicable Margin for | Applicable Margin for | |||||||
Ratio of Total Outstanding Borrowings to Borrowing Base | Eurodollar Loans | Base Rate Loans | ||||||
Less than .50 to 1
|
1.000 | % | 0.000 | % | ||||
Greater than or equal to .50 to 1 but less than .75 to 1
|
1.250 | % | 0.000 | % | ||||
Greater than or equal to .75 to 1 but less than .90 to 1
|
1.500 | % | 0.250 | % | ||||
Greater than or equal to .90 to 1
|
1.750 | % | 0.500 | % |
The Eurodollar rate for any interest period (either one, two, three, or six months, as
selected by us) is the rate per year equal to LIBOR, as published by Reuters or another source
designated by Bank of America, N.A., for deposits in dollars for a similar interest
period. The base rate is calculated as the higher of (1) the annual rate of interest
announced by Bank of America, N.A. as its prime rate and (2) the federal funds effective rate
plus 0.5 percent.
Any outstanding letters of credit reduce the availability under the OLLC Credit Agreement.
Borrowings under the OLLC Credit Agreement may be repaid from time to time without penalty.
The OLLC Credit Agreement contains covenants that include, among others:
| a prohibition against incurring debt, subject to permitted exceptions; |
20
ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
| a prohibition against purchasing or redeeming capital stock, or prepaying indebtedness, subject to permitted exceptions; | ||
| a restriction on creating liens on the assets of ENP, OLLC and its restricted subsidiaries, subject to permitted exceptions; | ||
| restrictions on merging and selling assets outside the ordinary course of business; | ||
| restrictions on use of proceeds, investments, transactions with affiliates, or change of principal business; | ||
| a provision limiting oil and natural gas hedging transactions (other than puts) to a volume not exceeding 75 percent of anticipated production from proved producing reserves; | ||
| a requirement that ENP and OLLC maintain a ratio of consolidated current assets (as defined in the OLLC Credit Agreement) to consolidated current liabilities (as defined in the OLLC Credit Agreement) of not less than 1.0 to 1.0; | ||
| a requirement that ENP and OLLC maintain a ratio of consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the OLLC Credit Agreement) to the sum of consolidated net interest expense plus letter of credit fees of not less than 1.5 to 1.0; | ||
| a requirement that ENP and OLLC maintain a ratio of consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the OLLC Credit Agreement) to consolidated senior interest expense of not less than 2.5 to 1.0; and | ||
| a requirement that ENP and OLLC maintain a ratio of consolidated funded debt (excluding certain related party debt) to consolidated adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the OLLC Credit Agreement) of not more than 3.5 to 1.0. |
The OLLC Credit Agreement contains customary events of default. If an event of default occurs
and is continuing, lenders with a majority of the aggregate commitments may require Bank of
America, N.A. to declare all amounts outstanding under the OLLC Credit Agreement to be immediately
due and payable.
OLLC incurs a commitment fee on the unused portion of the OLLC Credit Agreement determined
based on the ratio of amounts outstanding under the OLLC Credit Agreement to the borrowing base in
effect on such date. The following table summarizes the calculation of the commitment fee under
the OLLC Credit Agreement:
Commitment | ||||
Ratio of Total Outstanding Borrowings to Borrowing Base | Fee Percentage | |||
Less than .50 to 1 |
0.250 | % | ||
Greater than or equal to .50 to 1 but less than .75 to 1 |
0.300 | % | ||
Greater than or equal to .75 to 1 |
0.375 | % |
On December 31, 2008, there were $150 million of outstanding borrowings and $90 million
of borrowing capacity under the OLLC Credit Agreement. On February 18, 2009, there were $201
million of outstanding borrowings and $39 million of borrowing capacity under the OLLC Credit
Agreement.
Please read Note 8 of our Recast Financial Statements for additional information regarding our
long-term debt.
Indentures governing our senior subordinated notes. We and our restricted subsidiaries are
subject to certain negative and financial covenants under the indentures governing the 6.25% Notes,
the 6.0% Notes, and the 7.25% Notes (collectively, the Notes). The provisions of the indentures
limit our and our restricted subsidiaries ability to, among other things:
| incur additional indebtedness; | ||
| pay dividends on our capital stock or redeem, repurchase, or retire our capital stock or subordinated indebtedness; | ||
| make investments; | ||
| incur liens; | ||
| create any consensual limitation on the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends, make loans, or transfer property to us; | ||
| engage in transactions with our affiliates; | ||
| sell assets, including capital stock of our subsidiaries; | ||
| consolidate, merge, or transfer assets; | ||
| a requirement that we maintain a current ratio (as defined in the indentures) of not less than 1.0 to 1.0; and | ||
| a requirement that we maintain a ratio of consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the indentures) to consolidated interest expense of not less than 2.5 to 1.0. |
If we experience a change of control (as defined in the indentures), subject to certain
conditions, we must give holders of the
Notes the opportunity to sell to us their Notes at 101 percent of the principal amount, plus
accrued and unpaid interest.
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ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
Debt covenants. At December 31, 2008, we and ENP were in compliance with all debt covenants.
Capitalization. At December 31, 2008, we had total assets of $3.6 billion and total
capitalization of $2.6 billion, of which 50 percent was represented by stockholders equity and 50
percent by long-term debt. At December 31, 2007, we had total assets of $2.8 billion and total
capitalization of $2.1 billion, of which 46 percent was represented by stockholders equity and 54
percent by long-term debt. The percentages of our capitalization represented by stockholders
equity and long-term debt could vary in the future if debt or equity is used to finance capital
projects or acquisitions.
Changes in Prices
Our oil and natural gas revenues, the value of our assets, and our ability to obtain bank
loans or additional capital on attractive terms are affected by changes in oil and natural gas
prices, which fluctuate significantly. The following table illustrates our average oil and natural
gas prices for the periods presented. Our average realized prices for 2008, 2007, and 2006 were
decreased by $0.20, $3.96, and $5.37 per BOE, respectively, as a result of commodity derivative
contracts, which were previously designated as hedges.
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Average realized prices: |
||||||||||||
Oil ($/Bbl) |
$ | 89.30 | $ | 58.96 | $ | 47.30 | ||||||
Natural gas ($/Mcf) |
8.63 | 6.26 | 6.24 | |||||||||
Combined ($/BOE) |
77.87 | 52.66 | 43.87 | |||||||||
Average wellhead prices: |
||||||||||||
Oil ($/Bbl) |
$ | 89.58 | $ | 63.50 | $ | 54.42 | ||||||
Natural gas ($/Mcf) |
8.63 | 6.69 | 6.59 | |||||||||
Combined ($/BOE) |
78.07 | 56.62 | 49.24 |
Increases in oil and natural gas prices may be accompanied by or result in: (1) increased
development costs, as the demand for drilling operations increases; (2) increased severance taxes,
as we are subject to higher severance taxes due to the increased value of oil and natural gas
extracted from our wells; (3) increased LOE, as the demand for services related to the operation of
our wells increases; and (4) increased electricity costs. Decreases in oil and natural gas prices
may be accompanied by or result in: (1) decreased development costs, as the demand for drilling
operations decreases; (2) decreased severance taxes, as we are subject to lower severance taxes due
to the decreased value of oil and natural gas extracted from our wells; (3) decreased LOE, as the
demand for services related to the operation of our wells decreases; (4) decreased electricity
costs; (5) impairment of oil and natural gas properties; and (6) decreased revenues and cash flows.
We believe our risk management program and available borrowing capacity under our revolving credit
facility provide means for us to manage commodity price risks.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and related disclosures. Management
considers an accounting estimate to be critical if it requires assumptions to be made that were
uncertain at the time the estimate was made, and changes in the estimate or different estimates
that could have been selected, could have a material impact on our consolidated results of
operations or financial condition. Management has identified the following critical accounting
policies and estimates.
Oil and Natural Gas Properties
Successful efforts method. We use the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and
natural gas properties under SFAS No. 19, Financial Accounting and Reporting by Oil and Gas
Producing Companies. Under this method, all costs associated with productive and nonproductive
development wells are capitalized. Exploration expenses, including geological and geophysical
expenses and delay rentals, are charged to expense as incurred. Costs associated with drilling
exploratory wells are initially capitalized pending determination of whether the well is
economically productive or nonproductive.
If an exploratory well does not find reserves or does not find reserves in a sufficient
quantity as to make them economically producible, the previously capitalized costs would be
expensed in the period in which the determination is made. If an exploratory
well finds reserves but they cannot be classified as proved, we continue to capitalize the
associated cost as long as the well has found a sufficient quantity of reserves to justify its
completion as a producing well and sufficient progress is being made in assessing the
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reserves and
the operating viability of the project. If subsequently it is determined that these conditions do
not continue to exist, all previously capitalized costs associated with the exploratory well would
be expensed in the period in which the determination is made. Re-drilling or directional drilling
in a previously abandoned well is classified as development or exploratory based on whether it is
in a proved or unproved reservoir. Costs for repairs and maintenance to sustain or increase
production from the existing producing reservoir are charged to expense as incurred. Costs to
recomplete a well in a different unproved reservoir are capitalized pending determination that
economic reserves have been added. If the recompletion is not successful, the costs would be
charged to expense.
DD&A expense is directly affected by our reserve estimates. Significant revisions to reserve
estimates can be and are made by our reserve engineers each year. Mostly these are the result of
changes in price, but as reserve quantities are estimates, they can also change as more or better
information is collected, especially in the case of estimates in newer fields. Downward revisions
have the effect of increasing our DD&A rate, while upward revisions have the effect of decreasing
our DD&A rate. Assuming no other changes, such as an increase in depreciable base, as our reserves
increase, the amount of DD&A expense in a given period decreases and vice versa. DD&A expense
associated with lease and well equipment and intangible drilling costs is based upon proved
developed reserves, while DD&A expense for capitalized leasehold costs is based upon total proved
reserves. As a result, changes in the classification of our reserves could have a material impact
on our DD&A expense.
Miller & Lents estimates our reserves annually at December 31. This results in a new DD&A
rate which we use for the preceding fourth quarter after adjusting for fourth quarter production.
We internally estimate reserve additions and reclassifications of reserves from proved undeveloped
to proved developed at the end of the first, second, and third quarters for use in determining a
DD&A rate for the respective quarter.
Significant tangible equipment added or replaced that extends the useful or productive life of
the property is capitalized. Costs to construct facilities or increase the productive capacity
from existing reservoirs are capitalized. Internal costs directly associated with the development
of proved properties are capitalized as a cost of the property and are classified accordingly in
our consolidated financial statements. Capitalized costs are amortized on a unit-of-production
basis over the remaining life of proved developed reserves or total proved reserves, as applicable.
Natural gas volumes are converted to BOE at the rate of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl of oil.
The costs of retired, sold, or abandoned properties that constitute part of an amortization
base are charged or credited, net of proceeds received, to accumulated DD&A.
In accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived
Assets (SFAS 144), we assess the need for an impairment of long-lived assets to be held and
used, including proved oil and natural gas properties, whenever events and circumstances indicate
that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. If impairment is indicated based on a
comparison of the assets carrying value to its undiscounted expected future net cash flows, then
an impairment charge is recognized to the extent that the assets carrying value exceeds its fair
value. Expected future net cash flows are based on existing proved reserves (and appropriately
risk-adjusted probable reserves), forecasted production information, and managements outlook of
future commodity prices. Any impairment charge incurred is expensed and reduces our net basis in
the asset. Management aggregates proved property for impairment testing the same way as for
calculating DD&A. The price assumptions used to calculate undiscounted cash flows is based on
judgment. We use prices consistent with the prices used in bidding on acquisitions and/or
assessing capital projects. These price assumptions are critical to the impairment analysis as
lower prices could trigger impairment. During 2008, events and circumstances indicated that a
portion of our oil and natural gas properties, primarily four wells in the Tuscaloosa Marine Shale,
might be impaired. As a result, we completed an impairment assessment and recorded a $59.5 million
impairment charge. Our estimates of undiscounted cash flows indicated that the remaining carrying
amounts of our oil and natural gas properties are expected to be recovered. Nonetheless, if oil
and natural gas prices continue to decline, it is reasonably possible that our estimates of
undiscounted cash flows may change in the near term resulting in the need to record an additional
write down of our oil and natural gas properties to fair value.
Unproved properties, the majority of which relate to the acquisition of leasehold interests,
are assessed for impairment on a property-by-property basis for individually significant balances
and on an aggregate basis for individually insignificant balances. If the assessment indicates an
impairment, a loss is recognized by providing a valuation allowance at the level at which
impairment was assessed. The impairment assessment is affected by economic factors such as the
results of exploration activities, commodity price outlooks, remaining lease terms, and potential
shifts in business strategy employed by management. In the case of individually insignificant
balances, the amount of the impairment loss recognized is determined by amortizing the portion of
the unproved
properties costs which we believe will not be transferred to proved properties over the life
of the lease. One of the primary factors in determining what portion will not be transferred to
proved properties is the relative proportion of the unproved properties on which
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proved reserves
have been found in the past. Since the wells drilled on unproved acreage are inherently
exploratory in nature, actual results could vary from estimates especially in newer areas in which
we do not have a long history of drilling.
Oil and natural gas reserves. Our estimates of proved reserves are based on the quantities of
oil and natural gas that engineering and geological analyses demonstrate, with reasonable
certainty, to be recoverable from established reservoirs in the future under current operating and
economic parameters. Miller & Lents prepares a reserve and economic evaluation of all of our
properties on a well-by-well basis. Assumptions used by Miller & Lents in calculating reserves or
regarding the future cash flows or fair value of our properties are subject to change in the
future. The accuracy of reserve estimates is a function of the:
| quality and quantity of available data; | ||
| interpretation of that data; | ||
| accuracy of various mandated economic assumptions; and | ||
| judgment of the independent reserve engineer. |
Future prices received for production and future production costs may vary, perhaps
significantly, from the prices and costs assumed for purposes of calculating reserve estimates. We
may not be able to develop proved reserves within the periods estimated. Furthermore, prices and
costs may not remain constant. Actual production may not equal the estimated amounts used in the
preparation of reserve projections. As these estimates change, calculated reserves change. Any
change in reserves directly impacts our estimate of future cash flows from the property, the
propertys fair value, and our DD&A rate.
Asset retirement obligations. In accordance with SFAS No. 143, Accounting for Asset
Retirement Obligations, we recognize the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement
obligation in the period in which the liability is incurred. For oil and natural gas properties,
this is the period in which an oil or natural gas property is acquired or a new well is drilled.
An amount equal to and offsetting the liability is capitalized as part of the carrying amount of
our oil and natural gas properties. The liability is recorded at its discounted fair value and
then accreted each period until it is settled or the asset is sold, at which time the liability is
reversed.
The fair value of the liability associated with the asset retirement obligation is determined
using significant assumptions, including estimates of the plugging and abandonment costs, annual
expected inflation of these costs, the productive life of the asset, and our credit-adjusted
risk-free interest rate used to discount the expected future cash flows. Changes in any of these
assumptions can result in significant revisions to the estimated asset retirement obligation.
Revisions to the obligation are recorded with an offsetting change to the carrying amount of the
related oil and natural gas properties, resulting in prospective changes to DD&A and accretion
expense. Because of the subjectivity of assumptions and the relatively long life of most of our
oil and natural gas properties, the costs to ultimately retire these assets may vary significantly
from our estimates.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
We account for goodwill and other intangible assets under the provisions of SFAS No. 142,
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over
the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired in business combinations. Goodwill and other
intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are assessed for impairment annually on December 31
or whenever indicators of impairment exist. The goodwill test is performed at the reporting unit
level. We have determined that we have two reporting units: EAC Standalone and ENP. If indicators
of impairment are determined to exist, an impairment charge would be recognized for the amount by
which the carrying value of an indefinite lived intangible asset exceeds its implied fair value.
We utilize both a market capitalization and an income approach to determine the fair value of
our reporting units. The primary component of the income approach is the estimated discounted
future net cash flows expected to be recovered from the reporting units oil and natural gas
properties. Our analysis concluded that there was no impairment of goodwill as of December 31,
2008. Prices for oil and natural gas have deteriorated sharply in recent months and significant
uncertainty remains on how prices for these commodities will behave in the future. Any additional
decreases in the prices of oil and natural gas or any negative reserve adjustments from the
December 31, 2008 assessment could change our estimates of the fair value of our reporting units
and could result in an impairment charge.
Intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives.
In accordance with SFAS 144, we evaluate the recoverability of intangible assets with definite
useful lives whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the
carrying value of the asset may not be fully recoverable. An impairment loss exists when
estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual
disposition are less than its carrying amount.
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We allocate the purchase price paid for the acquisition of a business to the assets and
liabilities acquired based on the estimated fair values of those assets and liabilities. Estimates
of fair value are based upon, among other things, reserve estimates, anticipated future prices and
costs, and expected net cash flows to be generated. These estimates are often highly subjective
and may have a material impact on the amounts recorded for acquired assets and liabilities.
Net Profits Interests
A major portion of our acreage position in the CCA is subject to net profits interests ranging
from one percent to 50 percent. The holders of these net profits interests are entitled to receive
a fixed percentage of the cash flow remaining after specified costs have been subtracted from net
revenue. The net profits calculations are contractually defined. In general, net profits are
determined after considering costs associated with production, overhead, interest, and development.
The amounts of reserves and production attributable to net profits interests are deducted from our
reserves and production data, and our revenues are reported net of net profits interests. The
reserves and production attributed to the net profits interests are calculated by dividing
estimated future net profits interests (in the case of reserves) or prior period actual net profits
interests (in the case of production) by commodity prices at the determination date. Fluctuations
in commodity prices and the levels of development activities in the CCA from period to period will
impact the reserves and production attributed to the net profits interests and will have an inverse
effect on our oil and natural gas revenues, production, reserves, and net income.
Oil and Natural Gas Revenue Recognition
Oil and natural gas revenues are recognized as oil and natural gas is produced and sold, net
of royalties and net profits interests. Royalties, net profits interests, and severance taxes are
incurred based upon the actual price received from the sales. To the extent actual quantities and
values of oil and natural gas are unavailable for a given reporting period because of timing or
information not received from third parties, the expected sales volumes and prices for those
properties are estimated and recorded. Natural gas revenues are reduced by any processing and
other fees incurred except for transportation costs paid to third parties, which are recorded as
expense. Natural gas revenues are recorded using the sales method of accounting whereby revenue is
recognized based on actual sales of natural gas rather than our proportionate share of natural gas
production. If our overproduced imbalance position (i.e., we have cumulatively been over-allocated
production) is greater than our share of remaining reserves, a liability is recorded for the excess
at period-end prices unless a different price is specified in the contract in which case that price
is used. Revenue is not recognized for the production in tanks, oil marketed on behalf of joint
interest owners in our properties, or oil in pipelines that has not been delivered to the
purchaser.
Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate is subject to variability from period to period as a result of factors
other than changes in federal and state tax rates and/or changes in tax laws which can affect tax
paying companies. Our effective tax rate is affected by changes in the allocation of property,
payroll, and revenues between states in which we own property as rates vary from state to state.
Our deferred taxes are calculated using rates we expect to be in effect when they reverse. As the
mix of property, payroll, and revenues varies by state, our estimated tax rate changes. Due to the
size of our gross deferred tax balances, a small change in our estimated future tax rate can have a
material effect on earnings.
Derivatives
We utilize various financial instruments for non-trading purposes to manage and reduce price
volatility and other market risks associated with our oil and natural gas production. These
arrangements are structured to reduce our exposure to commodity price decreases, but they can also
limit the benefit we might otherwise receive from commodity price increases. Our risk management
activity is generally accomplished through over-the-counter forward derivative or option contracts
with large financial institutions. We also use derivative instruments in the form of interest rate
swaps, which hedge our risk related to interest rate fluctuation.
We apply the provisions of SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities (SFAS 133) and its amendments, which requires each derivative instrument to be
recorded in the balance sheet at fair value. If a derivative does not qualify for hedge
accounting, it must be adjusted to fair value through earnings. However, if a derivative qualifies
for hedge accounting, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in fair value can be recorded
in accumulated other comprehensive income
until such time as the hedged item is recognized in earnings.
To qualify for cash flow hedge accounting, the cash flows from the hedging instrument must be
highly effective in offsetting
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changes in cash flows of the hedged item. In addition, all hedging
relationships must be designated, documented, and reassessed periodically. Cash flow hedges are
marked to market through accumulated other comprehensive income each period.
We have elected to designate our current interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges. The
effective portion of the mark-to-market gain or loss on these derivative instruments is recorded in
accumulated other comprehensive income in stockholders equity and reclassified into earnings in
the same period in which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Any ineffective portion of the
mark-to-market gain or loss is recognized immediately in earnings. While management does not
anticipate changing the designation of our interest rate swaps as hedges, factors beyond our
control can preclude the use of hedge accounting.
We have elected to not designate our current portfolio of commodity derivative contracts as
hedges and therefore, changes in fair value of these instruments are recognized in earnings each
period.
Please
read Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures
About Market Risk included in our 2008 Annual Report for
discussion regarding our sensitivity analysis for financial instruments.
New Accounting Pronouncements
SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157)
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, which: (1) standardizes the definition of fair
value; (2) establishes a framework for measuring fair value in GAAP; and (3) expands disclosures
related to the use of fair value measures in financial statements. SFAS 157 applies whenever other
standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value, but does not
require any new fair value measurements. SFAS 157 was prospectively effective for financial assets
and liabilities for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007,
and interim periods within those fiscal years. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff
Position (FSP) No. FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157 (FSP FAS 157-2), which
delayed the effective date of SFAS 157 for one year for nonfinancial assets and liabilities, except
those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring
basis (at least annually). We elected a partial deferral of SFAS 157 for all instruments within
the scope of FSP FAS 157-2, including, but not limited to, our asset retirement obligations and
indefinite lived assets. The adoption of SFAS 157 on January 1, 2008, as it relates to financial
assets and liabilities, did not have a material impact on our results of operations or financial
condition. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS 157 on January 1, 2009, as it relates to all
instruments within the scope of FSP FAS 157-2, to have a material impact on our results of
operations or financial condition.
SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities including an
amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 (SFAS 159)
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 159, which permits entities to measure many financial
instruments and certain other assets and liabilities at fair value on an instrument-by-instrument
basis. SFAS 159 also allows entities an irrevocable option to measure eligible items at fair value
at specified election dates, with resulting changes in fair value reported in earnings. SFAS 159
was effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. We did not elect the fair value
option for eligible instruments and therefore, the adoption of SFAS 159 on January 1, 2008 did not
impact our results of operations or financial condition. We will assess the impact of electing the
fair value option for any eligible instruments acquired in the future. Electing the fair value
option for such instruments could have a material impact on our future results of operations or
financial condition.
FSP on FASB Interpretation (FIN) 39-1, Amendment of FASB Interpretation No. 39 (FSP FIN 39-1)
In April 2007, the FASB issued FSP FIN 39-1, which amends FIN No. 39, Offsetting of Amounts
Related to Certain Contracts (FIN 39), to permit a reporting entity that is party to a master
netting arrangement to offset the fair value amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash
collateral (a receivable) or the obligation to return cash collateral (a payable) against fair
value amounts recognized for derivative instruments that have been offset under the same master
netting arrangement in accordance with FIN 39. FSP FIN 39-1 was effective for fiscal years
beginning after November 15, 2007. The adoption of FSP FIN 39-1 on January 1, 2008 did not impact
our results of operations or financial condition.
SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations (SFAS 141R)
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 141R, which replaces SFAS No. 141, Business
Combinations. SFAS 141R establishes principles and requirements for the reporting entity in a
business combination, including: (1) recognition and measurement
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ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
in the financial statements of the
identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the
acquiree; (2) recognition and measurement of goodwill acquired in the business combination or a
gain from a bargain purchase; and (3) determination of the information to be disclosed to enable
financial statement users to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination.
SFAS 141R is prospectively effective for business combinations consummated in fiscal years
beginning on or after December 15, 2008, with early application prohibited. We currently do not
have any pending acquisitions that would fall within the scope of SFAS 141R. Future acquisitions
could have an impact on our results of operations and financial condition.
SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements an amendment to ARB
No. 51 (SFAS 160)
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 160, which amends Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51,
Consolidated Financial Statements to establish accounting and reporting standards for the
noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS 160 is
effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. SFAS 160 clarifies that a
noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary, which is sometimes referred to as minority interest, is an
ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as a component of equity in
the consolidated financial statements. Among other requirements, SFAS 160 requires consolidated
net income to be reported at amounts that include the amounts attributable to both the parent and
the noncontrolling interest and the disclosure of consolidated net income attributable to the
parent and to the noncontrolling interest on the face of the consolidated statement of operations
and gains and losses on a subsidiaries issuance of equity to be accounted for as capital transactions. The
adoption of SFAS 160 on January 1, 2009 did not have a material impact on our results of operations
and financial condition. The retrospective application of SFAS 160 resulted in the
reclassification of approximately $169.1 million and $122.5 million from Minority interest in
consolidated partnership to Noncontrolling interest at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively,
on our Consolidated Balance Sheets included in our Recast Financial Statements.
SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities an amendment of
FASB Statement No. 133 (SFAS 161)
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS 161, which amends SFAS 133, to require enhanced
disclosures about: (1) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments; (2) how derivative
instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS 133 and its related
interpretations; and (3) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entitys
financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS 161 is effective for fiscal years
beginning on or after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. The adoption of SFAS
161 will require additional disclosures regarding our derivative instruments; however, it will not
impact our results of operations or financial condition.
SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (SFAS 162)
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS 162, which identifies the sources of accounting principles
and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial
statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with GAAP. SFAS 162 was
effective November 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 162 did not impact our results of operations or
financial condition.
FSP No. EITF 03-6-1, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions
Are Participating Securities (FSP EITF 03-6-1)
In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP EITF 03-6-1, which addresses whether instruments granted in
equity-based payment transactions are participating securities prior to vesting and, therefore,
need to be included in the earnings allocation for computing basic earnings per share (EPS) under
the two-class method described by SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share. FSP EITF 03-6-1 is
retroactively effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December
15, 2008, and interim periods within those years. The adoption of FSP EITF 03-6-1 on January 1,
2009 did not have a material impact on our results of operations or financial condition. All
periods presented in our Recast Financial Statements have been restated to reflect the adoption of
FSP EITF 03-6-1. The retrospective application of FSP EITF 03-6-1 reduced our basic earnings per
common share by $0.14 and $0.03 for 2008 and 2006 and reduced our diluted earnings per share by
$0.06, $0.01, and $0.01 for 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively. The adoption of FSP EITF 03-6-1
did not have an impact on our basic earnings per share for 2007.
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