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EX-32 - CERTIFICATION - COMMONWEALTH INCOME & GROWTH FUND V | cigf5_ex32.htm |
EX-31.2 - CERTIFICATION - COMMONWEALTH INCOME & GROWTH FUND V | cigf5_ex31-2.htm |
EX-31.1 - CERTIFICATION - COMMONWEALTH INCOME & GROWTH FUND V | cigf5_ex31-1.htm |
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-K
☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 (FEE REQUIRED) FOR THE FISCAL YEAR
ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020 or
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission
File Number: 333-108057
COMMONWEALTH INCOME & GROWTH FUND V
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Pennsylvania
|
65-1189593
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of incorporation or
organization)
|
(I.R.S.
Employer Identification Number)
|
4532 US Highway 19
Suite 200
New Port Richey, FL 34652
(Address, including zip code, of principal executive
offices)
(877) 654-1500
(Registrant’s
telephone number including area code)
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title
of each class
|
Name of
exchange on
|
|
which
registered
|
None
|
N/A
|
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
(Title
of Class)
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer,
(as defined in Rule 405 of the Act): YES ☐ NO ☒
Indicate
by checkmark if the registrant is not required to file reports
pursuant to Section-13 or Section-15(d) of the Act. YES
☐ NO
☒
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (i) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (ii) has
been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: YES
☒ NO
☐
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically
and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive
Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405
of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to submit and post such files). YES ☒ NO ☐
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, to the best of
Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment to this Form 10-K: YES ☒ NO ☐
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer,
an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller
reporting company. See definition of "accelerated filer,
“large accelerated filer" and “smaller reporting
company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check
one):
Large
accelerated filer ☐
|
Accelerated
filer ☐
|
Non-accelerated
filer ☐
|
Smaller
reporting company ☒
|
(Do not
check if a smaller reporting company.)
|
Emerging
growth company ☐
|
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth
company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES
☐
NO ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company
(as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES
☐
NO ☒
State
the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common
equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at
which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked
price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the
Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter:
N/A
Documents
incorporated by reference: None
1
FORM 10-K
DECEMBER 31, 2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART
I
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|||
Item
1.
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Business
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3
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|
Item
1A.
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Risk
Factors
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11
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|
Item
1B.
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Unresolved
Staff Comments
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12
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|
Item
2.
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Properties
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12
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Item
3.
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Legal
Proceedings
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12
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Item
4.
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Mine
Safety Disclosures
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12
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||
PART
II
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|||
Item
5.
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Market
for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
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13
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Item
6.
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Selected
Financial Data
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15
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Item
7.
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Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
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15
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Item
7A.
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Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
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23
|
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Item
8.
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Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data
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23
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Item
9.
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Changes
in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure
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23
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Item
9A.
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Controls
and Procedures
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23
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Item
9B.
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Other
Information
|
24
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|
|
|
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|
PART
III
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|||
Item
10.
|
Directors
and Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
|
26
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Item
11.
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Executive
Compensation
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29
|
|
Item
12.
|
Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters
|
29
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Item
13.
|
Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions and Director
Independence
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29
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Item
14.
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Principal
Accountant Fees and Services
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35
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PART
IV
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|||
Item
15.
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Exhibits
and Financial Statement Schedules
|
36
|
|
|
Index
to Exhibits
|
36
|
|
Item
16.
|
Form
10K Summary
|
36
|
2
Forward-Looking Statements
From
time to time, we and our representatives may provide information,
whether orally or in writing, including certain statements in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K, which are deemed to be
“forward-looking.” These forward-looking statements
reflect our current beliefs and expectations with respect to future
events and are based on assumptions and are subject to risks and
uncertainties and other factors outside our control that may cause
actual results to differ materially from those
projected.
The
words “anticipate,” “believe,”
“estimate,” “expect,” “intend,”
“will,” “should” and similar expressions,
as they relate to us, are intended to identify forward-looking
statements. Such statements reflect our current views with respect
to future events and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties
and assumptions. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties
materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect,
actual results may vary materially from those described herein as
anticipated, believed, estimated, expected or intended or using
other similar expressions. We do not intend to update these
forward-looking statements, except as required by law.
We are
making investors aware that such forward-looking statements,
because they relate to future events, are by their very nature
subject to many important factors that could cause actual results
to differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking
statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, any
exhibits to this Form 10-K and other public statements we make.
Such factors include, but are not limited to: the outcome of
litigation and regulatory proceedings to which we may be a party;
actions of competitors; changes and developments affecting our
industry; quarterly or cyclical variations in financial results;
development of new products and services; interest rates and cost
of borrowing; our ability to maintain and improve cost efficiency
of operations; changes in foreign currency exchange rates; changes
in economic conditions, political conditions, trade protection
measures, licensing requirements and tax matters in the foreign
countries in which we do business; reliance on third parties for
manufacturing of products and provision of services; and other
factors that are set forth in the “Legal Proceedings”
section, the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section and
other sections of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, as well as in
our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form
8-K.
PART I
ITEM 1: BUSINESS
GENERAL
Commonwealth
Income & Growth Fund V (the “Partnership” or
“CIGF5”) was formed on May 19, 2003 under the
Pennsylvania Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act. The
Partnership offered for sale up to 1,250,000 units of the limited
partnership at the purchase price of $20 per unit (the
“Offering”). The Partnership raised the minimum capital
required ($1,150,000) and commenced operations on March 14, 2005.
The Partnership terminated its offering of units on February 24,
2006 with 1,249,951 units ($24,957,862, net of transactions costs
of $41,158) sold.
The
Partnership’s General Partner is Commonwealth Income &
Growth Fund, Inc. (the “General Partner”), a
Pennsylvania corporation which is an indirect wholly owned
subsidiary of Commonwealth Capital Corp. (“CCC”).
Approximately ten years after the commencement of operations (the
“operational phase”), the Partnership originally
intended to sell or otherwise dispose of all of its equipment; make
final distributions to partners, and to dissolve. The Partnership
was originally scheduled to end its operational phase on February
4, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the operational
phase was officially extended to December 31, 2020 through an
investor proxy vote. The Partnership is expected to terminate on
December 31, 2022.
During
the year ended December 31, 2020, limited partners redeemed 567
units for a total redemption price of approximately $0 due to
surrender of shares in accordance with the terms of the limited
partnership agreement. For the year ended December 31, 2019,
limited partners did not redeem any units of the
partnership.
See
“The Glossary” below for the definition of selected
terms not otherwise defined in the text of this
report.
3
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES
The
Partnership was formed for the purpose of acquiring various types
of equipment, including computer Information Technology and other
similar capital equipment. The Partnership utilized the net
proceeds of the offering to purchase information technology and
other similar capital equipment. The Partnership has utilized
retained proceeds and debt financing (not in excess of 30% of the
aggregate cost of the equipment owned or subject to conditional
sales contracts by the Partnership at the time the debt is
incurred) to purchase additional equipment. The Partnership
acquires and leases equipment principally to U.S. corporations and
other institutions pursuant to operating leases. The Partnership
retains the flexibility to enter into full payout net leases and
conditional sales contracts, but has not done so.
The
Partnership’s principal investment objectives are
to:
(a)
acquire, lease and sell equipment to generate revenues from
operations sufficient to provide annual cash distributions to
Limited Partners;
(b)
preserve and protect Limited Partners’ capital;
(c) use
a portion of cash flow and net disposition proceeds derived from
the sale, refinancing or other disposition of equipment to purchase
additional equipment; and
(d)
refinance, sell or otherwise dispose of equipment in a manner that
will maximize the proceeds to the Partnership.
THERE CAN BE NO ASSURANCE THAT ANY OF THESE OBJECTIVES WILL BE
ATTAINED
Limited
Partners do not have the right to vote on or otherwise approve or
disapprove any particular investment to be made by the
Partnership.
Although
the Partnership generally acquires new equipment, the Partnership
may purchase used equipment. Generally, equipment is acquired from
manufacturers, distributors, leasing companies, agents,
owner-users, owner-lessors, and other suppliers upon terms that
vary depending upon the equipment and supplier involved.
Manufacturers and distributors usually furnish a limited warranty
against defects in material and workmanship and some purchase
agreements for equipment provide for service and replacement of
parts during a limited period. Equipment purchases are also made
through lease brokers and on an ad hoc basis to meet the needs of a
particular lessee.
As of
December 31, 2020, all equipment purchased by the Partnership is
subject to an operating lease or a finance lease. The Partnership
may also engage in sale/leaseback transactions, pursuant to which
the Partnership would purchase equipment from companies that would
then immediately lease the equipment from the Partnership. The
Partnership may also purchase equipment which is leased under full
payout net leases or sold under conditional sales contracts at the
time of acquisition or the Partnership may enter into a full payout
net lease or conditional sales contract with a third party when the
Partnership acquires an item of equipment.
The
Partnership may enter into arrangements with one or more
manufacturers pursuant to which the Partnership purchases equipment
that has previously been leased directly by the manufacturer to
third parties (“vendor leasing agreements”). The
Partnership and manufacturers may agree to obtain nonrecourse loans
to the Partnership from the manufacturers, to finance the
acquisition of equipment. Such loans would be secured only by the
specific equipment financed and the receivables due to the
manufacturers from users of such equipment. It is expected that the
manufacturers of equipment will provide maintenance, remarketing
and other services for the equipment subject to such agreements. As
of December 31, 2020, the Partnership has not entered into any such
agreements.
The
General Partner has the discretion, consistent with its fiduciary
duty, to change the investment objectives of the Partnership if it
determines that such a change is in the best interest of the
Limited Partners and so long as such a change is consistent with
the Partnership Agreement. The General Partner will notify the
Limited Partners if it makes such a determination to change the
Partnership’s investment objectives.
4
TYPES OF EQUIPMENT
The
Partnership invests in various types of equipment subject to
leases. Our investment objective is to acquire primarily high
technology equipment including, but not limited to: servers,
desktops, laptops, workstations, printers, copiers, and storage
devices. Our General Partner believes that dealing in high
technology equipment is particularly advantageous due to a robust
aftermarket. Information technology has developed rapidly in recent
years and is expected to continue to do so. Technological advances
have permitted reductions in the cost of computer processing
capacity, speed, and utility. In the future, the rate and nature of
equipment development may cause equipment to become obsolete more
rapidly.
We also
acquire high technology medical, telecommunications, and inventory
management equipment. Our General Partner will seek to maintain an
appropriate balance and diversity in the types of equipment
acquired. The medical equipment we acquire may consist of
ventilators, IV infusion pumps, long-term acute care beds, CT
scanners, MRIs, flow cytometers, and other medical technology
devices. The telecom equipment we acquire may include Cisco
switches, routers, blade switches, wireless access points, and
video conferencing systems. The market for high technology medical
equipment is growing each year. Generally, this type of equipment
will have a longer useful life than information technology
equipment. This allows for increased re-marketability, if it is
returned before its economic or announcement cycle is
depleted.
Other Equipment Restrictions. The Partnership generally
acquires information technology, telecommunications, medical
technology and inventory management equipment. The General Partner
is also authorized to cause the Partnership to invest in other
types of business-essential capital equipment. The Partnership may
not invest in any of such other types of equipment (i) to the
extent that the purchase price of such equipment, together with the
aggregate purchase price of all such other types of equipment then
owned by the Partnership, is in excess of 25% of the total cost of
all of the assets of the Partnership at the time of the
Partnership’s commitment to invest therein and (ii) unless
the General Partner determines that such purchase is in the best
economic interest of the Partnership at the time of the purchase.
There can be no assurance that any equipment investments can be
found which meet this standard. Accordingly, there can be no
assurance that investments of this type will be made by the
Partnership.
DIVERSIFICATION
Diversification
is generally desirable to minimize the effects of changes in
specific industries, local economic conditions or similar risks.
However, the extent of the Partnership’s diversification, in
the aggregate and within each category of equipment, depends in
part upon the financing which can be assumed by the Partnership or
borrowed from third parties on satisfactory terms. The
Partnership’s policy not to borrow on a recourse basis will
further limit its financing options. Diversification also depends
on the availability of various types of equipment. Through December
31, 2020, the Partnership has acquired a diversified equipment
portfolio, which it has leased to different companies located
throughout the United States.
The
equipment types comprising the portfolio at December 31, 2020 are
as follows:
Equipment Type
|
Approximate %
|
Desktops - Tier 1/Laptops
|
8%
|
Digital Storage
|
21%
|
Fitness Equipment
|
1%
|
High End Sun Servers
|
9%
|
High Volume & Spec Printers
|
1%
|
Inventory Control Centers
|
3%
|
Multifunction Centers
|
10%
|
Servers/Other
|
45%
|
Workstations
|
2%
|
Total
|
100%
|
During
the operational stage of the Partnership, the Partnership may not
at any one point in time lease (or sell pursuant to a conditional
sales contract) more than 25% of the equipment to a single person
or affiliated group of persons.
5
DESCRIPTION OF LEASES
Leases
are classified as either sales-type, direct finance or operating at
the inception of the lease, with classification affecting pattern
of revenue recognition in the statements of operations. The
Partnership’s direct finance and sales-type leases are
accounted for as net investment in finance leases; no significant
changes have been made for the accounting of such leases upon the
adoption of ASC Topic 842, Leases (“Topic 842”) on
January 1, 2019.
The
Partnership lease transactions are principally accounted for under
Topic 842 on January 1, 2019. Prior to Topic 842, the Partnership
accounted for these transactions under Topic 840, Leases
(“Topic 840”). Lease revenue includes revenue generated
from leasing equipment to customers, including re-rent revenue, and
is recognized as either on a straight line basis or using the
effective interest method over the length of the lease contract, if
such lease is either an operating lease or finance lease,
respectively.
The
Partnership’s sale of equipment along with certain services
provided to customers is recognized under ASC Topic 606, Revenue
from Contracts with Customers, (“Topic 606”), which was
adopted on January 1, 2018. Prior to adoption of Topic 606, the
Partnership recognized these transactions under ASC Topic 605,
Revenue Recognized, and (“Topic 605”). The Partnership
recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by
transferring control over a product or service to a customer. The
amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration the
Partnership expects to be entitled to in exchange for such products
or services.
The
Partnership generally purchases only equipment that is subject to a
lease or for which a lease or similar agreement will be entered
into contemporaneously with the consummation of the
Partnership’s acquisition of the equipment. The General
Partner leases the equipment purchased by the Partnership to third
parties pursuant to operating leases. Types of leases which the
General Partner may enter into are operating leases, finance
leases, and conditional sales contracts:
●
Operating leases
are relatively short-term (12 to 48 month) leases under which the
aggregate non-cancellable rental payments during the original term
of the lease are not sufficient to permit the lessor to recover the
purchase price of the subject equipment.
●
In a finance lease,
the lessor generally recovers substantially all of the present
value of the equipment during the lease term.
In
general, the terms of the Partnership’s leases, whether the
equipment is leased pursuant to an operating lease or a finance
lease, depend upon a variety of factors, including: the
desirability of each type of lease from both an investment and a
tax point of view; the relative demand among lessees for operating
or full payout leases; the type and use of equipment and its
anticipated residual value; the business of the lessee and its
credit rating; the availability and cost of financing; regulatory
considerations; the accounting treatment of the lease sought by the
lessee or the Partnership; and competitive factors.
An
operating lease generally represents a greater risk to the
Partnership than a finance lease, because in order to recover the
purchase price of the subject equipment and earn a return on such
investment, it is necessary to renew or extend the operating lease,
lease the equipment to a third party at the end of the original
lease term, or sell the equipment. On the other hand, the term of
an operating lease is generally much shorter than the term of a
finance lease, and the lessor is thus afforded an opportunity under
an operating lease to re-lease or sell the subject equipment at an
earlier stage of the equipment’s life cycle than under a
finance lease. Also, the annual rental payments received under an
operating lease are ordinarily higher than those received under a
finance lease.
The
Partnership’s policy is to generally enter into “triple
net leases” which typically provide that the lessee or some
other party bear the risk of physical loss of the equipment; pay
taxes relating to the lease or use of the equipment; maintain the
equipment; indemnify the Partnership-lessor against any liability
suffered by the Partnership as the result of any act or omission of
the lessee or its agents; maintain casualty insurance in an amount
equal to the greater of the full value of the equipment and a
specified amount set forth in the lease; and maintain liability
insurance naming the Partnership as an additional insured with a
minimum coverage which the General Partner deems appropriate. In
addition, the Partnership may purchase “umbrella”
insurance policies to cover excess liability and casualty losses,
to the extent deemed practicable and advisable by the General
Partner. As of December 31, 2020, all leases that have been entered
into are “triple net leases”.
The
terms and conditions of the Partnership’s leases are each
determined by negotiation and may impose substantial obligations
upon the Partnership. Where the Partnership assumes maintenance or
service obligations, the General Partner generally causes the
Partnership to enter into separate maintenance or service
agreements with manufacturers or certified maintenance
organizations to provide such services. Such agreements generally
require annual or more frequent adjustment of service fees. As of
December 31, 2020, the Partnership has not entered into any such
agreements.
6
Investment Criteria
When
evaluating potential lease transactions in which we will invest,
the general partner and CCC’s management team performs a
detailed credit and risk analysis of both the lessee and the lease
transaction itself. The risk of doing business with the potential
lessee and the economics of each particular transaction must both
be acceptable to our portfolio management team and to the CEO of
the General Partner, who specifically approves each and every lease
transaction. Some of the criteria we evaluate are described
below:
Evaluation of Lessees
The
management team will perform a credit analysis (including a review
of the financial statements, credit history and public debt record)
of all potential lessees to determine the lessee’s ability to
make payments under the lease. We focus our investments in
investment grade to middle market credits meeting our minimum
acceptable fundamental analysis criteria. These criteria involve an
overall fundamental assessment of the lessee, and application of
our own proprietary “rating” model that is tailored to
specific economic criteria that are important to us. In addition to
preparing a detailed credit-write up at the time of initiation of a
transaction, we also re-evaluate a lessee’s credit risk on a
monthly basis, and may review interim and annual lessee financial
statements.
Generally,
we seek lessees that have annual revenue of at least $10 million,
have positive cash flow, and are not start-up entities, i.e., have
been in business for at least five years. We will also apply a
proprietary debt rating analysis when a Moody’s or Standard
& Poor’s rating is not available. This allows us to
create an equivalent, internal rating system without reliance
solely on third-party models and analysis.
Evaluation of Transactions
As
described above under “Description of Leases,” we
prefer our lease investments to have a term of 12 to 36 months, and
will not invest in a lease greater than 48 months. We engage in
“Fair Market Value” lease transactions, which permit
the lessee to purchase the equipment at the end of term for no less
than the then fair market value of the equipment. We seek to limit
or avoid leases that allow for early buyouts or terminations, as
these arrangements reduce the predictability of our
returns.
Our
focus is on Tier 1 (Tier 1 is defined as a large and well-known
vendor, often enjoying national or international recognition and
acceptance. Tier 1 vendors may be both manufacturers and
value-added resellers) information technology, telecommunications,
and medical technology equipment, leased in transactions generally
ranging in size from $50,000 to $1,000,000. We will consider larger
transactions, but for diversification purposes will require such
transactions to be divided among multiple lease schedules, and the
general partner may even assign a portion of such larger
transactions to other affiliated funds to further spread the risk
involved in larger transactions. Also, where the equipment type and
economic analytics are advantageous, we may engage in lease
transactions involving other types of equipment, so long as we feel
it is business-essential equipment for the lessee. Also, we conduct
a detailed analysis, using a third-party consultant, to assess the
residual value of the proposed equipment at the end of the original
lease term. This includes an analysis of the equipment’s
useful life and depreciation schedule, as well as the expected
resale market of that equipment type and availability of
remarketing channels.
Finally,
in assessing whether a proposed lease transaction will fit into our
portfolio criteria, management will consider the amount of exposure
we and our affiliated funds have to (i) the proposed asset type,
(ii) the particular lessee, (iii) the lessee’s industry, and
(iv) the geographic location of the equipment to be
leased.
BORROWING POLICIES
The
General Partner, at its discretion, may cause the Partnership to
incur debt in the maximum aggregate amount of 30% of the aggregate
cost of the equipment owned, or subject to conditional sales
contracts, by the Partnership at the time the debt is incurred,
with monies received that are not considered “original
proceeds” of the Partnership’s public offering. The
Partnership incurs only non-recourse debt, which is secured by
equipment and lease income therefrom. Such leveraging permits the
Partnership to increase the aggregate amount of its depreciable
assets, and, as a result, potentially increases both its lease
revenues and its federal income tax deductions above those levels
that would be achieved without leveraging. There is no limit on the
amount of debt that may be incurred in connection with the
acquisition of any single item of equipment. Any debt incurred is
fully amortized over the term of the initial lease or conditional
sales contract to which the equipment securing the debt is subject.
The precise amount borrowed by the Partnership depends on a number
of factors, including the types of equipment acquired by the
Partnership; the creditworthiness of the lessee; the availability
of suitable financing; and prevailing interest rates. The
Partnership is flexible in the degree of leverage it employs,
within the permissible limit. There can be no assurance that credit
will be available to the Partnership in the amount or at the time
desired or on terms considered reasonable by the General Partner.
As of December 31, 2020, the Partnership’s aggregate
nonrecourse outstanding debt of approximately $27,000 was
approximately 0.7% of the aggregate cost of the equipment owned,
with a carrying value of approximately $49,000 and is nonrecourse
liabilities of the Partnership.
7
The
Partnership may purchase some items of equipment without leverage.
If the Partnership purchases an item of equipment without leverage
and thereafter suitable financing becomes available, it may then
obtain the financing, secure the financing with the purchased
equipment and invest any proceeds from such financing in additional
items of equipment. Any such financing will be on terms consistent
with the terms applicable to borrowings in general.
The
General Partner may cause the Partnership to borrow funds, to the
fullest extent practical, at interest rates fixed at the time of
borrowing. However, the Partnership may borrow funds at rates that
vary with the “prime” or “base” rate. If
lease revenues were fixed, a rise in the “prime” or
“base” rate would increase borrowing costs and reduce
the amount of the Partnership’s income and cash available for
distribution. Therefore, the General Partner is permitted to borrow
funds to purchase equipment at fluctuating rates only if the lease
for such equipment provides for fluctuating rental payments
calculated on a similar basis.
Any
additional debt incurred by the Partnership must be nonrecourse.
Nonrecourse debt means that the lender providing the funds can look
for security only to the equipment pledged as security and the
proceeds derived from leasing or selling such equipment. Neither
the Partnership nor any Partner (including the General Partner)
would be liable for repayment of any nonrecourse debt.
Loan
agreements may also require that the Partnership maintain certain
reserves or compensating balances and may impose other obligations
upon the Partnership. Moreover, since a significant portion of the
Partnership’s revenues from the leasing of equipment will be
reserved for repayment of debt, the use of financing reduces the
cash, which might otherwise be available for distributions until
the debt has been repaid and may reduce the Partnership’s
cash flow over a substantial portion of the Partnership’s
operating life. As of December 31, 2020, the Partnership had not
entered into any such agreements.
The
General Partner and any of its affiliates may, but are not required
to, make loans to the Partnership on a short-term basis. If the
General Partner or any of its affiliates makes such a short-term
loan to the Partnership, the General Partner or affiliate may not
charge interest at a rate greater than the interest rate charged by
unrelated lenders on comparable loans for the same purpose in the
same locality. In no event is the Partnership required to pay
interest on any such loan at an annual rate greater than three
percent over the “prime rate” from time to time
announced by PNC Bank, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. All payments of
principal and interest on any financing provided by the General
Partner or any of its affiliates are due and payable by the
Partnership within 12 months after the date of the
loan.
REFINANCING POLICIES
Subject
to the limitations set forth in “Borrowing Policies”
above, the Partnership may refinance its debt from time to time.
With respect to a particular item of equipment, the General Partner
will take into consideration such factors as the amount of
appreciation in value, if any, to be realized, the possible risks
of continued ownership, and the anticipated advantages to be
obtained for the Partnership, as compared to selling such
equipment. As of December 31, 2020, the Partnership has not entered
into any debt refinancing transactions.
Refinancing,
if achievable, may permit the Partnership to retain an item of
equipment and at the same time to generate additional funds for
reinvestment in additional equipment or for distribution to the
Limited Partners.
LIQUIDATION POLICIES
The
General Partner originally intended the Partnership to begin the
liquidation phase approximately 10 years after commencement of
operations. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the
operational phase was officially extended to December 31, 2020
through an investor proxy vote. The Partnership was originally
scheduled to end its operational phase on February 4, 2017. During
the year ended December 31, 2015, the operational phase was
officially extended to December 31, 2020 through an investor proxy
vote. The Partnership is expected to terminate on December 31,
2022. Notwithstanding the Partnership’s objective to sell all
of its assets and dissolve by December 31, 2022, the General
Partner may cause the Partnership to dispose of all its equipment
and dissolve the Partnership sooner, if warranted by economic
conditions.
Particular
items of equipment may be sold at any time if, in the judgment of
the General Partner, it is in the best interest of the Partnership
to do so. The determination of whether particular items of
Partnership equipment should be sold or otherwise disposed of is
made by the General Partner after consideration of all relevant
factors (including prevailing general economic conditions, lessee
demand, the General Partner’s views of current and future
market conditions, the cash requirements of the Partnership,
potential capital appreciation, cash flow and federal income tax
considerations), with a view toward achieving the principal
investment objectives of the Partnership. As partial payment for
equipment sold, the Partnership may receive purchase money
obligations secured by liens on such equipment.
8
MANAGEMENT OF EQUIPMENT
Equipment
management services for the Partnership’s equipment are
provided by the General Partner and its affiliates and by persons
employed by the General Partner. Such services will consist of
collection of income from the equipment, negotiation and review of
leases, conditional sales contracts and sales agreements, releasing
and leasing-related services, payment of operating expenses,
periodic physical inspections and market surveys, servicing
indebtedness secured by equipment, general supervision of lessees
to assure that they are properly utilizing and operating equipment,
providing related services with respect to equipment, supervising,
monitoring and reviewing services performed by others in respect to
equipment and preparing monthly equipment operating statements and
related reports.
COMPETITION
The
equipment leasing industry is highly competitive. The Partnership
competes with leasing companies, equipment manufacturers and their
affiliated financing companies, distributors and entities similar
to the Partnership (including other programs sponsored by the
General Partner), some of which have greater financial resources
than the Partnership and more experience in the equipment leasing
business than the General Partner. Other leasing companies and
equipment manufacturers, their affiliated financing companies and
distributors may be in a position to offer equipment to prospective
lessees on financial terms, which are more favorable, than those
which the Partnership can offer. They may also be in a position to
offer trade-in privileges, software, maintenance contracts and
other services, which the Partnership may not be able to offer.
Equipment manufacturers and distributors may offer to sell
equipment on terms (such as liberal financing terms and exchange
privileges or service contracts), which will afford benefits to the
purchaser similar to those obtained through leases. Other
competitive factors include pricing, technological innovation and
methods of financing. Certain manufacturer-lessors maintain
advantages through patent protection, where applicable, and through
a policy that combines service and hardware with payment
accomplished through a single periodic charge. As a result of the
advantages, which certain of its competitors may have, the
Partnership may find it necessary to lease its equipment on a less
favorable basis than certain of its competitors.
INVESTMENTS
The
Partnership, through CCC, participates in the purchase of equipment
subject to associated debt obligations and lease agreements. The
purchase price, list price and monthly rentals presented below
represent the Partnership’s share of the total amounts, based
on CCC’s allocation of the equipment to the Partnership, and
in some instances, other affiliated partnerships.
For the
period of January 1, 2020 through April 16, 2021, the Partnership
has purchased, or has made the commitment to purchase, the
following equipment:
Lessee
|
Equipment Category
|
Purchased Term
|
Pro-rated Purchase Price
|
Alliant
Techsystems, Inc.
|
Industrial
Precision
|
24
|
$19,590.02
|
Texas
Instruments
|
Fitness
Equipment
|
48
|
$32,828.46
|
Joseph Gallo
Farms
|
Inventory Control
Systems
|
60
|
$55,318.88
|
George Chiala
Farms
|
Inventory Control
Systems
|
48
|
$28,274.20
|
9
RESERVES
Because
the Partnership’s leases are on a “triple-net”
basis, no permanent reserve for maintenance and repairs has been
established from the offering proceeds. However, the General
Partner, in its sole discretion, may retain a portion of the cash
flow and net disposition proceeds available to the Partnership for
maintenance, repairs and working capital. There are no limitations
on the amount of cash flow and net disposition proceeds that may be
retained as reserves. Since no reserve will be established, if
available cash flow of the Partnership is insufficient to cover the
Partnership’s operating expenses and liabilities, it may be
necessary for the Partnership to obtain additional funds by
refinancing its equipment or borrowing additional
funds.
GENERAL RESTRICTIONS
Under
the Partnership Agreement, the Partnership is not permitted, among
other things, to:
a)
invest in junior
trust deeds unless received in connection with the sale of an item
of equipment in an aggregate amount that does not exceed 30% of the
assets of the Partnership on the date of the
investment;
b)
invest in or
underwrite the securities of other issuers;
c)
acquire any
equipment for units;
d)
issue senior
securities (except that the issuance to lenders of notes or other
evidences of indebtedness in connection with the financing or
refinancing of equipment or the Partnership’s business shall
not be deemed to be the issuance of senior
securities);
e)
make loans to any
person, including the General Partner or any of its affiliates,
except to the extent a conditional sales contract constitutes a
loan;
f)
sell or lease any
equipment to, lease any equipment from, or enter into any sale-
leaseback transactions with, the General Partner or any of its
affiliates; or
g)
give the General
Partner or any of its affiliates an exclusive right or employment
to sell the Partnership’s equipment.
The
General Partner has also agreed in the Partnership Agreement to use
its best efforts to assure that the Partnership shall not be deemed
an “investment company” as such term is detained in the
Investment Company Act of 1940.
The
General Partner and its affiliates may engage in other activities,
whether or not competitive with the Partnership. The Partnership
Agreement provides, however, that neither the General Partner nor
any of its affiliates may receive any rebate or “give
up” in connection with the Partnership’s activities or
participate in reciprocal business arrangements that circumvent the
restrictions in the Partnership Agreement against dealings with
affiliates.
EMPLOYEES
The
Partnership had no employees during 2020 and received
administrative and other services from a related party, CCC, which
had 28 employees as of December 31, 2020.
PRINCIPAL PLACE OF BUSINESS
On
March 1, 2020, the General Partner (“GP”) relocated the
Partnership’s principal place of business to 4532 US Highway
19, Suite 200, New Port Richey, Florida, 34652. The
GP’s telephone and fax numbers remains the same, (877)
654-1500, Fax: (727)450-5360.
10
ITEM 1A: RISK FACTORS
Going Concern
For the
year ended
December 31, 2020, the Partnership incurred
positive cash flow. However, historically the Partnership has
reported recurring negative cash flows. At December 31, 2020, the
Partnership has a working capital deficit of approximately
$245,000. Such factors raise substantial doubt about the
Partnership’s ability to continue as a going
concern.
The
General Partner has evaluated that significant improvement in the
Partner’s cash flow would be required to avoid substantial
doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going
concern.
The
General Partner agreed to forgo distributions and allocations of
net income owed to it, and suspended limited partner distributions.
The General Partner will continue to waive certain fees and may
defer certain related party payables owed to the Partnership in an
effort to further increase the Partnership’s cash flow.
Additionally, the Partnership will seek to enhance portfolio
returns and maximize cash flow through the use of leveraged lease
transactions: the acquisition of lease equipment through financing.
The Partnership may also attempt to obtain additional funds by
disposing of or refinancing equipment, or by borrowing within its
permissible limits.
If it
is not probable that the General Partner will be able to
effectively implement its plan or if it is not probable that the
plan will mitigate the relevant conditions that gave rise to the
substantial doubt, the Partnership may begin its liquidation
process through the sale of its assets and payment of its
obligations as per the Partnership agreement. If liquidation ever
becomes imminent, the entity will prepare its financial statements
under the liquidation basis of accounting.
COVID-19 Pandemic
The
amount of revenue recognized and the pattern of revenue recognition
may be impacted by COVID-19. Some of the business sectors that
we service such as education centers, medical facilities, payroll
administrators, manufacturing and transportation, we may need to
account for returns and refund liabilities. The pattern of revenue
recognition may change for delays in rendering
services.
In
periods ended subsequent to the outbreak of COVID-19, the
impact on expected credit losses and future cash flow projections
used in impairment testing will need to be considered.
The
Company continues to evaluate whether adjustments to the financial
statements are required or whether additional disclosures are
necessary. In our leasing business, the Company is always subject
to credit losses as it relates to a customer’s ability to
make timely rental payments. The impact of COVID-19 may contribute
to risk of non-performance, where a customer may experience
financial difficulty and may delay in making timely
payments.
The
Company recognizes impairment of receivables and loans when losses
are incurred, which is when it is probable that an entity will be
unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual
terms of the arrangement. Impairment is measured based on the
present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the
receivable’s or loans effective interest rate, except that,
as a practical expedient, impairment can be measured based on a
receivable’s or loans’ observable market price or the
fair value of the underlying collateral.
The
Company believes its estimate of expected losses have been
recognized based on historical experience, current conditions, and
reasonable forecasts. The impacts of COVID-19 may necessitate
additional adjustments in future forecasts of expected
losses.
Although
the Partnership cannot estimate the length or gravity of the impact
of the COVID-19 outbreak at this time, if the pandemic continues,
it may have a material adverse effect on the Partnership results of
future operations, financial position, and liquidity in fiscal year
2020 and beyond.
11
ITEM 1B: UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
NONE
ITEM
2: PROPERTIES
NONE
ITEM 3: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
FINRA
On May 3, 2013, the FINRA Department of Enforcement filed a
complaint naming Commonwealth Capital Securities Corp.
(“CCSC”) and the owner of the firm, Kimberly
Springsteen-Abbott, as respondents; however, on October 22, 2013,
FINRA filed an amended complaint that dropped the allegations
against CCSC and reduced the scope of the allegations against Ms.
Springsteen-Abbott. The sole remaining charge was that Ms.
Springsteen-Abbott had approved the misallocation of some expenses
to certain Funds. Management believes that the expenses at
issue include amounts that were proper and that were properly
allocated to Funds, and also identified a smaller number of
expenses that had been allocated in error, but were adjusted and
repaid to the affected Funds when they were identified in
2012. During the period in question, Commonwealth Capital
Corp. (“CCC”) and Ms. Springsteen-Abbott provided
important financial support to the Funds, voluntarily absorbed
expenses and voluntarily waived fees in amounts aggregating in
excess of any questioned allocations. A Hearing Panel ruled
on March 30, 2015, that Ms. Springsteen-Abbott should be barred
from the securities industry because the Panel concluded that she
allegedly misallocated approximately $208,000 of expenses involving
certain Funds over the course of three years. As such,
management had already reallocated back approximately
$151,225 of the $208,000 (in allegedly misallocated expenses)
to the affected funds, which was fully documented, as good faith
payments for the benefit of those Income Funds.
The decision of the Hearing Panel was stayed when it was appealed
to FINRA's National Adjudicatory Council (the “NAC”)
pursuant to FINRA Rule 9311. The NAC issued a decision that
upheld the lower panel’s ruling and the bar took effect on
August 23, 2016. Ms. Springsteen-Abbott appealed the
NAC’s decision to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
(the “SEC”). On March 31, 2017, the SEC
criticized that decision as so flawed that the SEC could not even
review it, and remanded the matter back to FINRA for further
consideration consistent with the SEC’s remand, but did not
suggest any view as to a particular outcome.
On July 21, 2017, FINRA reduced the list of 1,840 items totaling
$208,000 to a remaining list of 87 items totaling $36,226 (which
includes approximately $30,000 of continuing education expenses for
personnel providing services to the Funds), and reduced the
proposed fine from $100,000 to $50,000, but reaffirmed its position
on the bar from the securities industry. Respondents promptly
appealed FINRA’s revised ruling to the SEC. All the
requested or allowed briefs have been filed with the SEC. The
SEC upheld FINRA’s order on February 7, 2020 to bar, but
eliminated FINRA’s proposed fine. Ms.
Springsteen-Abbott has filed a Petition for Review in the United
States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit to
review a final order entered against her by the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission. On February 26, 2021 the United States
Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit dismissed in
part and denied in part Ms. Springsteen-Abbott’s petition;
however, given the SEC’s prior removal FINRA’s fine
Management anticipates the ruling will not result in any material
adverse financial impact to the Funds.
ITEM 4: MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
12
NOT
APPLICABLE
PART II
ITEM 5: MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY, RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY
SECURITIES
There
is no public market for the units nor is it anticipated that one
will develop. As of December 31, 2020, there were 913-unit holders.
The units are not listed on any exchange or permitted to trade on
any over-the-counter market. In addition, there are substantial
restrictions on the transferability of units.
GENERAL LIMITATIONS
Units
cannot be transferred without the consent of the General Partner,
which may be withheld in its discretion according to the
Partnership Agreement. The General Partner monitors transfers of
units in an effort to ensure that all transfers are within certain
safe harbors promulgated by the IRS to furnish guidance regarding
publicly traded partnerships. These safe harbors limit the number
of transfers that can occur in any one year. The General Partner
intends to cause the Partnership to comply with the safe harbor
that permits nonexempt transfers and redemptions of units of up to
five percent of the total outstanding interest in the
Partnership’s capital or profits in any one
year.
REDEMPTION PROVISION
The
Partnership may, at the sole discretion of the General Partner,
repurchase a number of the outstanding units pursuant to its
limited redemption plan. On a semi-annual basis, the General
Partner, at its discretion, may establish an amount for redemption,
generally not to exceed two percent of the outstanding units per
year, subject to the General Partner’s good faith
determination that such redemptions will not (a) cause the
Partnership to be taxed as a corporation under Section 7704 of the
Code or (b) impair the capital or operations of the Partnership.
(The Partnership may redeem units in excess of the two percent
limitation if, in the good faith judgment of the General Partner,
the conditions imposed in the preceding sentence would remain
satisfied.) The redemption price for units will be 105% of the
selling Limited Partner’s adjusted capital contributions
attributable to the units for sale. Following the determination of
the annual redemption amount, redemptions will occur on a
semi-annual basis and all requests for redemption, which must be
made in writing, must be on file as of the record date in which the
redemption is to occur. The General Partner will maintain a master
list of requests for redemption with priority being given to units
owned by estates, followed by IRAs and Qualified Plans. All other
requests will be considered in the order received. Redemption
requests made by or on behalf of Limited Partners who are not
affiliated with the General Partner or its affiliates will be given
priority over those made by Limited Partners who are affiliated
with the General Partner or its affiliates. All redemption requests
will remain in effect until and unless canceled, in writing, by the
requesting Limited Partner(s).
The
Partnership began to accept redemption requests beginning 30 months
following the termination of the public offering of its units.
There will be no limitations on the period of time that a
redemption request may be pending prior to its being granted.
Limited Partners will not be required to hold their interest in the
Partnership for any specified period prior to their making a
redemption request.
In
order to make a redemption request, Limited Partners will be
required to advise the General Partner in writing of such request.
Upon receipt of such notification, the Partnership will provide
detailed forms and instructions to complete the request. Since the
Partnership began to accept redemptions, through December 31, 2020,
the General Partner had granted redemption requests to redeem
approximately 15,000 units. During the year ended December 31,
2020, limited partners redeemed 567 units for a total redemption
price of approximately $0 due to surrender of shares in accordance
with the terms of the limited partnership agreement. For the year
ended December 31, 2019, limited partners did not redeem any units
of the partnership.
13
EXEMPT TRANSFERS
The
following seven categories of transfers are exempt transfers for
purposes of calculating the volume limitations imposed by the IRS
and will generally be permitted by the General
Partner:
1)
transfers in which
the basis of the unit in the hands of the transferee is determined,
in whole or in part, by reference to its basis in the hands of the
transferor (for example, units acquired by corporations in certain
reorganizations, contributions to capital, gifts of units, units
contributed to another partnership, and non-liquidating as well as
liquidating distributions by a parent partnership to its partners
of interests in a sub partnership);
2)
transfers at
death;
3)
transfers between
members of a family (which include brothers and sisters, spouse,
ancestors, and lineal descendants);
4)
transfers resulting
from the issuance of units by the Partnership in exchange for cash,
property, or services;
5)
transfers resulting
from distributions from qualified plans;
6)
any transfer by a
Limited Partner in one or more transactions during any 30-day
period of units representing in the aggregate more than five
percent of the total outstanding interests in capital or profits of
the Partnership; and
7)
transfers by one or
more partners representing in the aggregate fifty percent (50%) or
more of the total interests in partnership’s capital or
profits in one transaction or a series of related
transactions.
ADDITIONAL RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER
Limited
Partners who wish to transfer their units to a new beneficial owner
are required to pay the Partnership up to $50 for each transfer to
cover the Partnership’s cost of processing the transfer
application and take such other actions and execute such other
documents as may be reasonably requested by the General Partner.
There is no charge for re-registration of a certificate in the
event of a marriage, divorce, death, or transfer to a trust so long
as the transfer is not a result of a sale of the
units.
In
addition, the following restrictions apply to each transfer: (i) no
transfer may be made if it would cause 25% or more of the
outstanding units to be owned by benefit plans; and (ii) no
transfer is permitted unless the transferee obtains such
governmental approvals as may reasonably be required by the General
Partner, including without limitation, the written consents of the
Pennsylvania Securities Commissioner and of any other state
securities agency or commission having jurisdiction over the
transfer.
14
ALLOCATION AND DISTRIBUTION BETWEEN THE GENERAL PARTNER AND THE
LIMITED PARTNERS
Cash
distributions, if any, are made quarterly on March 31, June 30,
September 30, and December 31 of each year. Distributions are made
99% to the Limited Partners and 1% to the General Partner until the
Limited Partners have received an amount equal to their capital
contributions plus the priority return of 10% per annum;
thereafter, cash distributions will be made 90% to Limited Partners
and 10% to the General Partner. Distributions made in connection
with the liquidation of the Partnership or a Partner’s units
will be made in accordance with the Partner’s positive
capital account balance as determined under the Partnership
Agreement and Treasury Regulations.
The
priority return is calculated on the Limited Partners’
adjusted capital contributions for their units. The adjusted
capital contributions will initially be equal to the amount paid by
the Limited Partners for their units. If distributions at any time
exceed the priority return, the excess will reduce the adjusted
capital contributions, decreasing the base on which the priority
return is calculated. If the proceeds resulting from the sale of
any equipment are reinvested in equipment, sufficient cash will be
distributed to the Partners to pay the additional federal income
tax resulting from such sale for a Partner in a 35% federal income
tax bracket or, if lower, the maximum federal income tax rate in
effect for individuals for such taxable year.
Generally,
the General Partner is allocated net profits equal to its cash
distributions (but not less than one percent of net profits) and
the balance is allocated to the Limited Partners. Net profits
arising from transactions in connection with the termination or
liquidation of the Partnership are allocated in the following
order: (1) First, to each Partner in an amount equal to the
negative amount, if any, of his capital account; (2) Second, an
amount equal to the excess of the proceeds which would be
distributed to the Partners based on the operating distributions to
the Partners over the aggregate capital accounts of all the
Partners, to the Partners in proportion to their respective shares
of such excess, and (3) Third, with respect to any remaining net
profits, to the Partners in the same proportions as if the
distributions were operating distributions. Net losses, if any, are
in all cases allocated 99% to the Limited Partners and 1% to the
General Partner.
Net
profits and net losses are computed without taking into account, in
each taxable year of the Partnership, any items of income, gain,
loss or deduction required to be specially allocated pursuant to
Section 704(b) of the Code and the Treasury Regulation promulgated
thereunder. No Limited Partner is required to contribute cash to
the capital of the Partnership in order to restore a closing
capital account deficit, and the General Partner has only a limited
deficit restoration obligation under the Partnership
Agreement.
For the
year ended December 31, 2020, the General Partner elected to forgo
distributions and allocations of net income owed to it, and
suspended limited partner distributions. The General Partner will
continue to reassess the funding of limited partner distributions
throughout 2021.
ALLOCATIONS AND DISTRIBUTIONS AMONG THE LIMITED
PARTNERS
Cash
available for distribution that is allocable to the Limited
Partners is apportioned among and distributed to them solely with
reference to the number of units owned by each as of the record
date for each such distribution.
Net
profits, net losses and cash available for distribution allocable
to the Limited Partners is apportioned among them in accordance
with the number of units owned by each.
In
addition, where a Limited Partner transfers units during a taxable
year, the Limited Partner may be allocated net profits for a period
for which such Limited Partner does not receive a corresponding
cash distribution.
ITEM 6: SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
NOT
APPLICABLE
ITEM 7: MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The
following is a discussion of our current financial position and
results of operations. This discussion should be read together with
the Partnership’s financial statements contained under Item 8
of this Annual report on Form 10-K. This discussion should also be
read in conjunction with the disclosures above regarding
“Forward-Looking Statements.”
15
INTRODUCTION
We were
formed on May 19, 2003 for the purpose of acquiring various types
of business-essential technology equipment, including computer
information technology, telecommunications, medical technology,
inventory management and other similar capital equipment. We
offered for sale up to 1,250,000 units of the limited partnership
at the purchase price of $20 per unit (the “offering”).
We reached the minimum offering amount, broke escrow and commenced
operations on March 14, 2005. The offering terminated on February
24, 2006 with 1,249,951 units ($24,957,862 net of transaction costs
of $41,158) sold.
Our
management team consists of the officers of our corporate General
Partner, Commonwealth Income & Growth Fund, Inc. We have
utilized the net proceeds of our public offering to purchase
equipment that is subject to leases with businesses throughout the
United States. We have also utilized debt financing (not in excess
of 30% of the aggregate cost of the equipment owned or subject to
conditional sales contracts at the time the debt is incurred) to
purchase additional equipment. We acquire and lease equipment
principally to U.S. corporations and other institutions pursuant to
operating leases. We retain the flexibility to enter into full
payout net leases and conditional sales contracts, but have not
done so.
COMPETITIVE OUTLOOK
As
discussed in “Competition” in Item 1 above, the
commercial leasing and financing industry is highly competitive and
is characterized by competitive factors that vary based upon
product and geographic region. We compete primarily on the basis of
pricing, terms and structure, particularly on structuring flexible,
responsive, and customized financing solutions for our customers.
Our investments are often made directly rather than through
competition in the open market. This approach limits the
competition for our typical investment, which is intended to
enhance returns. We believe our investment model will represent the
best way for individual investors to participate in investing in
business-essential equipment. Nevertheless, to the extent that our
competitors compete aggressively on any combination of the
foregoing factors, our results could be adversely
impacted.
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES
Our
principal investment objectives are to:
a)
acquire, lease and
sell equipment to generate revenues from operations sufficient to
provide annual cash distributions to our limited
partners;
b)
preserve and
protect limited partners’ capital;
c)
use a portion of
cash flow and net disposition proceeds derived from the sale,
refinancing or other disposition of equipment to purchase
additional equipment; and
d)
refinance, sell or
otherwise dispose of equipment in a manner that will maximize
proceeds.
INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
We
invest in various types of domestic information technology
equipment leases located solely within the United States. Our
investment objective is to acquire primarily high technology
equipment. We believe that dealing in high
technology
equipment is particularly advantageous due to a robust aftermarket.
Information technology has developed rapidly in recent years and is
expected to continue to do so. Technological advances have
permitted reductions in the cost of computer processing capacity,
speed, and utility. In the future, the rate and nature of equipment
development may cause equipment to become obsolete more rapidly. In
an effort to mitigate this risk our portfolio manager attempts to
diversify our fund through the acquisition of different types of
equipment, staggered lease maturities, various lessees, and
businesses located throughout the U.S., and industries
served.
16
We also
acquire high technology medical, telecommunications and inventory
management equipment. Our General Partner seeks to maintain an
appropriate balance and diversity in the types of equipment
acquired. The market for high technology medical equipment is
growing each year. Generally, this type of equipment has a longer
useful life. This allows for increased re-marketability, if it is
returned before its economic or announcement cycle is
depleted.
The
Equipment Leasing and Finance Association’s (ELFA) Monthly
Leasing and Finance Index (MLFI-25), which reports economic
activity from 25 companies representing a cross section of the $900
billion equipment finance sector, showed their overall new business
volume for December 2020 was $12.1 billion, down 6% year-over-year
from new business volume in December 2019. Volume was up 66%
month-to-month from $7.3 billion in November 2020, in a typical
end-of-year spike. Cumulative new business volume for 2020 was down
almost 6% compared to 2019.
Receivables over 30 days were 2.20%, down from 2.30% the previous
month and unchanged from the same period in 2019. Charge-offs were
0.59%, down from 0.61% the previous month and up from 0.51% in the
year-earlier period.
Credit approvals totaled 75.2%, up from 70.4% in November. Total
headcount for equipment finance companies was down 4.6%
year-over-year.
Separately, the Equipment Leasing & Finance Foundation’s
Monthly Confidence Index (MCI-EFI) in January is 59.6, unchanged
from the December index.
ELFA
President and CEO Ralph Petta said, “While 2020 certainly
presented serious challenges to our nation’s economic
well-being as well as to the physical well-being of many of our
citizens, the equipment finance business, overall, showed
remarkable resilience and durability. In early 2020, our
industry seemed poised to continue 2019’s strong performance,
as measured by a variety of key metrics. Then, the pandemic
hit. Our nation suffered a shock of unimaginable and historic
proportions. The economy faltered, millions of Americans lost
their jobs, and a raging health pandemic threatened the very lives
of so many. Now, looking in the rearview mirror, at the start
of a new year that brings such hope and promise—with new
stimulus initiatives coming out of Washington and distribution of a
vaccine designed to protect our people—most equipment finance
sector observers would consider a single-digit decline in
year-over-year new business volume tolerable, if not acceptable. In
fact, anecdotal reports from some ELFA member organizations
indicate that 2020 was a record year! This speaks to the
strength and resilience of our industry as it equips American
businesses to succeed and prosper.”
Walter
Rabin, Chief Executive Officer, Signature Financial LLC, said,
“The new year provides a chance to reflect upon 2020’s
unprecedented events and look forward to opportunities ahead. While
the health and safety of our colleagues and clients remained
paramount as the pandemic surged, Signature Financial continued
its growth trajectory, exceeding $5 billion in its portfolio
at year-end. As demonstrated by the MLFI-25 showing only a 6
percent decrease in year-over-year volume, the industry remained
resilient in generating capital essential to sustain the U.S.
economy amid the pandemic-affected economy. With rollout of the
COVID-19 vaccine now accelerating and additional stimulus in the
near-term, we anticipate 2021 offering new business growth
opportunities and improved confidence.”
Our
business is directly impacted by factors such as economic,
political, and market conditions, broad trends in industry and
finance, legislative and regulatory changes, changes in government
monetary and fiscal policies, and inflation, all of which are
beyond our control. Given these circumstances, we believe companies
overall, will continue to increasingly turn to leasing, as a
financing solution. It is our belief that companies lease
business-essential equipment because leasing can provide many
benefits to a company. The number one benefit of leasing that we
see is that there is no large outlay of cash required. Therefore,
companies can preserve their working capital, lease equipment,
which is an expense item, have the flexibility to upgrade the
equipment when needed, and have no risk of obsolescence. Because we
expect leasing to remain an attractive financing solution for
American businesses during the next 12 months, we feel that our
ability to increase our portfolio size and leasing revenues during
that period will remain strong.
We, at
Commonwealth, are currently operating business as usual (with our
employees working remotely). We may see a slowdown on new equipment
acquisition decisions from Corporate Lessees until the crisis is
resolved and businesses can resume their normal operation. We have
no way of knowing what this period of time will be. We will keep
our investors informed of subsequent events. For information
relating to COVID-19 and the overall effects, as expressed by Ralph
Petta, President of ELFA (The Equipment Leasing & Finance
Association), please refer to elfaonline.org.
17
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND USE OF ESTIMATES
Our
management’s discussion and analysis of our financial
condition and results of operations is based upon our financial
statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation
of these financial statements requires management to make estimates
and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets,
liabilities, revenues and expenses. Management’s estimates
are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions
that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the
results of which form the basis for making judgments about the
carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily
apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these
estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We
believe that our critical accounting policies affect our more
significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our
financial statements.
Revenue Recognition
The
Partnership is principally engaged in business of leasing
equipment. Ancillary to the Partnership’s principal equipment
leasing business, the Partnership also sells certain equipment and
may offer certain services to support its customers.
The
Partnership’s lease transactions are principally accounted
for under Topic 842 on January 1, 2019. Prior to Topic 842, the
Partnership accounted for these transactions under Topic 840,
Leases (“Topic 840”). Lease revenue includes revenue
generated from leasing equipment to customers, including re-rent
revenue, and is recognized as either on a straight line basis or
using the effective interest method over the length of the lease
contract, if such lease is either an operating lease or finance
lease, respectively.
The
Partnership’s sale of equipment along with certain services
provided to customers is recognized under ASC Topic 606, Revenue
from Contracts with Customers, (“Topic 606”), which was
adopted on January 1, 2018. Prior to adoption of Topic 606, the
Partnership recognized these transactions under ASC Topic 605,
Revenue Recognized, and (“Topic 605”). The Partnership
recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by
transferring control over a product or service to a customer. The
amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration the
Partnership expects to be entitled to in exchange for such products
or services.
For the
year ended December 31, 2020, the Partnership’s lease
portfolio consisted of operating leases and finance leases. For
operating leases, lease revenue is recognized on a straight-line
basis in accordance with the terms of the lease agreement. Finance
lease interest income is recorded over the term of the lease using
the effective interest method.
Upon
the end of the lease term, if the lessee has not met the return
conditions as set out in the lease, the Partnership is entitled in
certain cases to additional compensation from the lessee. The
Partnership’s accounting policy for recording such payments
is to treat them as revenue.
Gains
or losses from sales of leased and off-lease equipment are recorded
on a net basis in the Partnership’s Statement of Operations.
Gains from the termination of leases are recognized when the
lease is modified and terminated concurrently. Our leases do not
contain any step-rent provisions or escalation clauses nor are
lease revenues adjusted based on any index.
Partnership’s
accounting policy for sales and property taxes collected from the
lessees are presented in the current period as gross revenues and
expenses.
Long Lived Assets
Depreciation
on equipment for financial statement purposes is based on the
straight-line method estimated generally over useful lives of two
to four years. Once an asset comes off lease or is re-leased, the
Partnership reassesses the useful life of an asset.
The
Partnership evaluates its long-lived assets when events or
circumstances indicate that the value of the asset may not be
recoverable. The Partnership determines whether impairment exists
by estimating the undiscounted cash flows to be generated by each
asset. If the estimated undiscounted cash flows are less than the
carrying value of the asset then impairment exists. The amount of
the impairment is determined based on the difference between the
carrying value and the fair value. Fair value is determined based
on estimated discounted cash flows to be generated by the asset,
third party appraisals or comparable sales of similar assets, as
applicable, based on asset type.
Residual
values are determined by management and are calculated using
information from both internal and external sources, as well as
other economic indicators.
18
Reimbursable Expenses
Reimbursable
expenses are comprised of both ongoing operational expenses and
fees associated with the allocation of salaries and benefits,
referred to as other LP (“other LP”) expenses. For the
year ended December 31, 2020, the General Partner waived certain
reimbursable expenses charged to the Partnership by CCC in
connection with the administration and operation of the
Partnership. CCC is not reimbursed for salary and benefit costs of
control persons. Reimbursable expenses, which are charged to us by
CCC in connection with our administration and operation, are
allocated to us based upon several factors including, but not
limited to, the number of investors, leasing volume and stage of
the program. For example, if one partnership has more investors
than another program sponsored by CCC, then higher amounts of
expenses related to investor services, mailing and printing costs
will be allocated to that partnership. Also, while a partnership is
in its offering stage, higher compliance costs are allocated to it
than to a program not in its offering stage, as compliance
resources are utilized to review incoming investor suitability and
proper documentation. Finally, lease related expenses, such as due
diligence, correspondence, collection efforts and analysis staff
costs, increase as programs purchase more leases, and decrease as
leases terminate and equipment is sold. All of these factors
contribute to CCC’s determination as to the amount of
expenses to allocate to us or to other sponsored programs. CCC is
not reimbursed for salary and benefit costs of control persons.
For the Partnership, all reimbursable items are expensed as
they are incurred.
Forgiveness of Related Party Payables
In
accordance with ASC Topic 470-50 Debt Modifications and
Extinguishments, the Partnership accounts for forgiveness of
related party payables as Partners’ capital
transactions.
Lease Income Receivable
Lease
income receivable includes current lease income receivable net of
allowances for uncollectible accounts, if any. The Partnership
monitors lease income receivable to ensure timely and accurate
payment by lessees. Its Lease Relations department is responsible
for monitoring lease income receivable and, as necessary, resolving
outstanding invoices. Lease revenue is recognized on a monthly
straight-line basis which is in accordance with the terms of the
lease agreement.
The
Partnership reviews a customer’s credit history before
extending credit. When the analysis indicates that the probability
of full collection is unlikely, the Partnership may establish an
allowance for uncollectible lease income receivable based upon the
credit risk of specific customers, historical trends and other
information. The Partnership writes off its lease income receivable
when it determines that it is uncollectible and all economically
sensible means of recovery have been exhausted.
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Information
regarding recent accounting pronouncements is included in Note 2 to
the financial statements, Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies, as set forth in Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data.
19
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our
primary sources of cash for
the year ended December 31, 2020 were cash provided by operating
activities of approximately $83,000 and proceeds from
the sale of equipment of
approximately $62,000. Our primary source of cash for the year ended
December 31, 2019 was provided by proceeds from the sale of equipment of approximately
$16,000.
Our primary use of cash for the year ended December 31, 2020 was
capital expenditures for new equipment of approximately $116,000.
Our primary use of cash for the year ended December 31, 2019 was
cash used in operating activities of approximately
$31,000.
For the
year ended December 31, 2020, cash was provided by operating
activities of approximately $83,000, which included net loss of
approximately $139,000, depreciation expense of approximately
$175,000 and bad debt expense of approximately $3,000. Other
non-cash activities included in the determination of net income
include direct payments of lease income by lessees to banks of
approximately $80,000. For the year ended December 31, 2019, cash
was used in operating activities of approximately $31,000, which
included net income of approximately $57,000, depreciation expense
of approximately $278,000 and bad debt expense of $82,000. Other
non-cash activities included in the determination of net income
include direct payments of lease income by lessees to banks of
approximately $216,000.
At
December 31, 2020, cash was held in a bank account maintained at
one financial institution with a balance of approximately $35,000.
Bank accounts are federally insured up to $250,000 by the FDIC. At
December 31, 2020 and 2019, the total cash bank balance was
approximately as follows:
Balance at December 31
|
2020
|
2019
|
Total bank
balance
|
$35,000
|
$7,000
|
FDIC
insured
|
(35,000)
|
(7,000)
|
Uninsured
amount
|
$-
|
$-
|
The
Partnership’s bank balances are fully insured by the FDIC.
The Partnership deposits its funds with a Moody's AAA-Rated banking
institution which is one of only three AAA-Rated banks listed on
the New York Stock Exchange. The Partnership has not experienced
any losses in such accounts, and believes it is not exposed to any
significant credit risk. The amount in such accounts will fluctuate
throughout 2021 due to many factors, including cash receipts,
equipment acquisitions, interest rates, and distribution to limited
partners.
20
As of December 31, 2020, we had future minimum rentals on operating
leases of approximately $91,000 for 2021 and approximately $79,000
thereafter. These amounts represent scheduled payments on existing
leases only, and do not include expected future revenues on leases
that we have not yet entered into as of December 31,
2020.
As of December 31, 2020, we had future minimum rentals on
non-cancellable finance leases of approximately $0 for 2021 and
approximately $0 thereafter. These amounts represent scheduled
payments on existing leases only, and do not include expected
future revenues on leases that we have not yet entered into
as of December 31, 2020.
The
balance of our non-recourse debt at December 31, 2020 was
approximately $27,000 with interest rates ranging from 4.70% to
6.28% which will be payable through November. Non-recourse debt
leases will not generate current cash flow because the rental
payments received from these leases are used to service the
indebtedness associated with acquiring or financing the lease. For
these leases, we anticipate that the equipment will generate income
to the investor either through an extension of the lease term or
from the sale of the equipment at the end of the lease
term.
CCC, on
our behalf and on behalf of affiliated partnerships, acquires
computer equipment subject to associated debt obligations and lease
agreements and allocates a participation in the cost, debt and
lease revenue to the various partnerships based on certain risk
factors. The Partnership’s share of the cost of the equipment
in which it participates with other partnerships at December 31,
2020 was approximately $2,069,000 and is included in the
Partnership’s equipment on its balance sheet. The total cost
of the equipment shared by the Partnership with other partnerships
at December 31, 2020 was approximately $8,586,000. The
Partnership’s share of the cost of the equipment in which it
participates with other partnerships at December 31, 2019 was
approximately $2,213,000 and is included in the Partnership’s
equipment on its balance sheet. The total cost of the equipment
shared by the Partnership with other partnerships at December 31,
2019 was approximately $8,873,000.
The
Partnership was originally scheduled to end its operational phase
on February 4, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2015,
the operational phase was officially extended to December 31, 2020
through an investor proxy vote. The Partnership is expected to
terminate on December 31, 2022. As such, the Partnership will
continue to report its financial statements on a going concern
basis until a formal plan of liquidation is approved by the General
Partner.
As the
Partnership and the other programs managed by the General Partner
increase their overall portfolio size, opportunities for shared
participation are expected to continue. Sharing in the acquisition
of a lease portfolio gives the fund an opportunity to acquire
additional assets and revenue streams, while allowing the fund to
remain diversified and reducing its overall risk with respect to
one portfolio.
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the General
Partner elected to forgo distributions and allocations of net
income owed to it, and suspended limited partner distributions. The
General Partner will continue to reassess the funding of limited
partner distributions throughout 2021 and will continue to waive
certain fees if the General Partner determines it is in the best
interest of the Partnership to do so. If available cash flow or net
disposition proceeds are insufficient to cover the Partnership
expenses and liabilities on a short and long term basis, the
Partnership may attempt to obtain additional funds by disposing of
or refinancing equipment, or by borrowing within its permissible
limits.
The
General Partner will continue to reassess the funding of limited
partner distributions throughout 2021 and will continue to waive
certain fees. If available cash flow or net disposition proceeds
are insufficient to cover the Partnership expenses and liabilities
on a short and long term basis, the Partnership may attempt to
obtain additional funds by disposing of or refinancing equipment,
or by borrowing within its permissible limits. Additionally, the
Partnership will seek to enhance portfolio returns and maximize
cash flow through the use of leveraged lease transactions: the
acquisition of lease equipment through debt financing. This
strategy allows the General Partner to acquire additional revenue
generating leases without the use of investor funds thus maximizing
overall return. Effective April 2, 2020, CCC agreed to convert
approximately $169,000 of payables from due on demand to long term.
Such payables won't be due until sometime after April 16, 2021. The
purpose of this was to help the Partnership with preserving
liquidity.
21
RESULTS FROM OPERATIONS
For the
year ended December 31, 2020, the Partnership recognized revenue of
approximately $349,000, expenses of approximately $488,000, which
resulted in a net loss of approximately $139,000. For the year
ended December 31, 2019, the Partnership recognized revenue of
approximately $551,000, expenses of approximately $493,000, which
resulted in a net income of approximately $57,000. The decrease was
primarily due to a reduction of revenue of approximately $188,000
and an increase in operating expenses of approximately $194,000,
offset by a decrease in bad debt expense of approximately $79,000
and a decrease in depreciation expense of approximately
$103,000.
The Partnership had 59 active operating leases that
generated lease revenue of approximately $299,000 during 2020 as
compared 63 active operating leases that generated lease revenue of
approximately $488,000 during 2019. The decrease in revenue was
primarily due to more leases expiring versus new leases being
acquired. The decrease in number of active leases is consistent
with the overall decrease in lease revenue. Management expects to
add new leases to our portfolio during 2021, funded primarily
through debt financing.
The Partnership’s equipment portfolio consists of
approximately 45% servers/other, digital storage 21%, multifunction
centers 10%, high end servers 9%, desktops – tier 1/laptops
8%, inventory control centers 3%, workstations 2%, high volume spec
printers 1% and fitness equipment 1%. The General Partner
continuously monitors and seeks to decrease the concentration of
equipment by type to diversify the equipment portfolio and
potentially reduce the overall risk to the investor. For the year
ended December 31, 2020, the Partnership had a total of five
lessees that accounted for lease revenue of 10% or greater which
are ranked as follows: 32%; 21%; 18%; 12% and 12%. For the year
ended December 31, 2019, the Partnership had a total of four
lessees that accounted for lease revenue of 10% or greater which
are ranked as follows: 41%; 21%; 12%; and 10%.
For the
years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, operating expenses,
excluding depreciation, consisted of accounting, legal, outside
service fees, reimbursement of expenses to CCC and other LP charges
from CCC for administration and operations as discussed in Note 5
of the financial statements. Operating expenses were approximately
$283,000 and $94,000 in 2020 and 2019, respectively. This increase
is primarily due to increases in “Other LP” expenses
charged by CCC for the administration of the Partnership of
approximately $100,000, legal and accounting fees of approximately
$42,000, an adjustment to remarketing fees resulting from a write
off of a past liability of approximately $20,000, an increase in IT
expenses of approximately $8,000 and an increase in office
relocation expenses of approximately $4,000.
We pay an equipment management fee to our General Partner for
managing our equipment portfolio. In July of 2010, the equipment
management fee was reduced to 2.5% from 5% of the gross lease
revenue attributable to equipment that is subject to operating
leases. The General Partner waived the fund’s equipment
management fees in the second quarter of 2016. For the years ended
December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Partnership did not pay any
equipment management fees.
For the year ended December 31, 2020, interest expense decreased to
approximately $2,000 from approximately $11,000 for the year ended
December 31, 2019. This decrease is as a result of no leveraged
equipment acquisitions during 2020 and the full amortization of the
existing leveraged equipment.
Depreciation
expenses consist of depreciation of various types of leased
equipment. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, these
expenses were approximately $175,000 and $278,000, respectively.
This decline is primarily due to equipment and acquisition costs
that are fully depreciated or amortized.
For the
years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Partnership reported
bad debt expenses of approximately $3,000 and approximately
$82,000, respectively.
For the year ended
December 31, 2020, we
recognized revenue of approximately $349,000 and expenses of
approximately $488,000, which resulted in a net loss of approximately $139,000.
The changes in net loss were attributable to the changes in revenue
and expenses as discussed above.
22
ITEM 7A: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET
RISK
NOT APPLICABLE
ITEM 8: FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
Our
financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2020
and 2019, and the report thereon of the independent registered
public accounting firm is included in this annual
report.
ITEM 9: CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING
AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
NONE
ITEM 9A: CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Our
management, under the supervision and with the participation of the
General Partner’s chief executive officer and principal
financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design
and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures related to
our reporting and disclosure obligations as of the end of the
period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based on such
evaluation, the chief executive officer and principal financial
officer have concluded that, as of December 31, 2020, our
disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that
information relating to us, which is required to be disclosed in
our periodic reports filed or submitted under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 is (a) recorded, processed, summarized and
reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and
Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and (b) accumulated
and communicated to management, including the chief executive
officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow
timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial
Reporting. It is the responsibility of the General Partner
to establish and maintain adequate internal control over financial
reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The General
Partner’s internal control over financial reporting is a
process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Internal control over financial reporting includes policies and
procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in
reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions
and dispositions of the assets of the Partnership; (ii) provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and
expenditures of the Partnership are being made only in accordance
with authorizations of management and directors of the General
Partner; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding
prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or
disposition of the Partnership’s assets that could have a
material effect on the financial statements.
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial
reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also,
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods
are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the
policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management
assessed the effectiveness of the Partnership’s internal
control over financial reporting at December 31, 2020. Management
based this assessment on criteria for effective internal control
over financial reporting described in “Internal Control
– Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO)”.
Management’s assessment included an evaluation of the design
of the Partnership’s internal control over financial
reporting and testing of the operational effectiveness of its
internal control over financial reporting. Management reviewed the
results of its assessment with the board of directors.
Based
on our assessment, management determined that, at December 31,
2020, the Partnership maintained effective internal control over
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for
external reporting purposes in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles. This annual report does not include an
attestation report of the company's independent registered public
accounting firm regarding internal control over financial
reporting. Management's report was not subject to attestation by
the Partnership’s independent registered public accounting
firm pursuant to the final rule of the Securities and Exchange
Commission that permits the Partnership to provide only
management's report in this annual report.
23
Changes in Internal Controls
There
were no changes in the Partnership’s internal control over
financial reporting during the fourth quarter of 2020 that have
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect,
the Partnership’s internal control over financial
reporting.
ITEM 9B: OTHER INFORMATION
FUND VALUATION
Background to Fund Valuation
The
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”),
updated rules for the presentation of pricing of Alternative
Investment shares in customer account statements. Under NTM 15-02,
the SEC approved amendments to Rule 2340, Customer Account
Statements and FINRA Rule 2310, which address a FINRA member
firm’s participation in a public offering of an Alternative
Investment. The amendments require a FINRA member firm to include a
per share value of each Alternative Fund. The effective date of the
Notice was April 11, 2016. This per share value must be prepared
by, or with the material assistance or confirmation of, a
third-party valuation expert or service. The results of this
valuation must be disclosed in the issuer’s reports filed
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. This valuation must be
performed and published, at a minimum, annually.
Methodologies
Broker
dealers are required to provide a per share estimated value on the
customer account statements for each non-listed Alternative fund
held by their customers. These methods must be reasonably designed
to provide a reliable value. The two methods acceptable are as
follows:
●
Net Investment Methodology – This
method must be based on the “amount available for
investment” percentage disclosed in the “Estimated Use
of Proceeds” section of the issuer’s offering
prospectus. The value should equal the offering price less selling
commission and organization and offering expenses. This method may
be used for up to 150 days following the second anniversary of the
“escrow break” of each fund.
●
Appraised Value Methodology – This
method must be disclosed in an issuer’s most recent periodic
or current report based upon an appraisal of the assets and
liabilities of the program by, or with the material assistance or
confirmation of, a third- party valuation expert or service, in
conformity with standard industry valuation practice as it relates
to their specific assets and liabilities. No later than 150 days
following the second anniversary of the issuer’s break of
escrow, this methodology must be used.
For
Commonwealth Income & Growth Fund V, it’s estimated per
share value includes the General Partner’s estimate of the
current market value of the fund. This value may not accurately
reflect the value of the Fund Units to the Unit holders if held
over time to Fund maturity. Additionally, there is no public market
for the Units and as a result, there is no currently ascertainable
fair market value for the Units. The estimate does not take into
account any future distributions or returns to Unit holders over
the full course of the Fund life cycle.
24
Valuation Components & Calculations
A.
Fund Assets and Liabilities (other
than as specifically identified below): The estimated values
for non-interest bearing items such as current assets and
liabilities are assumed to equal their reported GAAP balances as an
appropriate approximation of their fair values. Debt (interest
bearing) is assumed to equal the fair values of the debt as
disclosed in the footnotes of the financial
statements.
B.
Investments in leases (net of fees and
expenses): The estimated values for Investments in leases
are based on a calculation for the projected future cash flows.
Projected future cash flows include both the remaining contractual
lease payments, plus assumptions of lease renewals and sale value
(Equipment Valuation) of the residual assumptions.
Residual value
assumptions used in the cash flow projections are as
follows:
●
For Leased Extensions and Month-to-Month
Leases: Considers historical renewal periods for
Commonwealth’s leases over the last five years as of December
31, 2020.
●
For Off-Lease (Inventory): A realized
residual of 25% of the installed equipment valuation as of the
appraisal date.
●
Special Situation Leases: The valuation
of certain leases has been performed outside of the above noted
protocol based upon specific lease assumptions different than the
macro assumptions above due to the specific situations of those
leases.
C.
Syndications costs: Syndication
costs for the Funds have been added to the value and are assumed to
be amortized over the expected 10 to 12-year life of the
Fund.
D.
Net Book Value: The Net Book
Value is the unamortized portion left during expected life of the
asset with an inflation rate of 1.5% added to the value times 324%
for the expected Commonwealth Capital return on investment.
Inventory assets do not include the 324% factor.
E.
Cash on Hand:
Cash available for reinvestment as of
the appraisal date.
Procedure for December 31, 2020 Fund Valuation
The
Fund valuation for December 31, 2020 for Commonwealth Capital Corp.
was accomplished by using spreadsheet and lease contract data
provided by Commonwealth for the Funds with the following
additional data and updates added to each Fund
spreadsheet:
Columns
added to each Fund spreadsheet (with formula
calculation):
Category: Each lease has an
assigned category based on the type of asset in the lease. i.e. IBM
4250 Server would be valued as a “Server” with a
decline rate for Installed Fair Market Value from 1 month to 96
months. There are 12 separate decline rate tables to value
Commonwealth’s leased assets.
Net Book Value: Prorated
Purchase price/48 month or 36-month. Typically, 12 months beyond
initial term not to exceed 48 months. Calculations as described
earlier.
Age of Asset: Months as of
Valuation Date: The actual age of the asset from installation
date.
Lease, Extension, MTM, Payments as of
Appraisal Date: The number of months remaining in Initial
Term of the lease; number of months remaining in a fixed term
extension; plus, a fixed term based on the Commonwealth historical
return for similar assets over the last five years. All Active,
Extension and MTM leases add 10 months to their current term as of
the appraisal date except for certain repeat lessees with long term
recurring activity, which have a fixed 12-month extension added to
any of their Active, Extension or MTM leases.
Other Calculations: Another
calculation is made at the bottom of each spreadsheet for the
equipment off-lease (inventory) and in the Commonwealth warehouse
or other locations. It is “Equity Only” (Inventory) and
is calculated at 25% of the Installed Fair Market Value from the
Category tables.
25
Commonwealth Income and Growth Fund V, Unit Valuation
The
General Partner’s estimated per unit value at December 31,
2020 as determined and derived under the guidelines of the
Appraised Value Methodology, and pursuant to the above specific
enumerated component valuation methodologies and calculations is
$0.70.
Disclaimer
The
foregoing Fund valuation has been performed solely for the purpose
of providing an estimated value per Unit in accordance with a
regulatory mandate, in order to provide the broker dealer and
custodian community with a valuation on a reasonable basis for use
in assigning an estimation of Unit holder’s account value.
Any statement of such valuations is to be accompanied by statements
that the value so calculated does not represent an estimate of the
amount a Unit holder would receive if the Unit holder were to seek
to sell the Units, and that the Fund intends to liquidate its
assets in the ordinary course of its business and over the
Fund’s term. Further, each Fund’s valuations is to be
accompanied by a disclosure that there can be no assurance as to
(1) when the Fund will be fully liquidated, (2) the amount the Fund
may actually receive if and when the Fund seeks to liquidate its
assets, (3) the amount of lease or loan payments the Fund will
actually receive over the remaining term, (4) the amount of asset
disposition proceeds the Fund will actually receive over the
remaining term, and (5) the amounts that may actually be received
in distributions by Unit holders over the course of the remaining
term.
ITEM 10: DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE
GOVERNANCE
The
Partnership does not have any Directors or executive officers.
Rather, it is managed by the Manager. The directors and
officers of the Manager are required to spend only such time on
Partnership affairs as is necessary for the proper conduct of
Partnership business. Under certain circumstances, such directors
and officers are entitled to indemnification from the Partnership.
The Manager reserves the right to determine now and in the
future which personnel are deemed control persons and, therefore
would not seek reimbursement for personnel costs related to such
persons. It is not intended that every person who carries a title
such as director, vice president, executive vice president, senior
vice president, manager, secretary, controller or treasurer or who
holds a 5% equity interest be considered a Controlling
Person.
The
Board of Directors of the Sponsor has established an Executive
Committee, and the operations of the Manager are effectively
controlled by the Executive Committee of the Sponsor. The Executive
Committee has functional control over all day-to-day activities of
the Sponsor and effectively the Manager. Currently, Kimberly A.
Springsteen-Abbott and Henry J. Abbott are the members of the
Executive Committee. Kimberly A. Springsteen-Abbott is the sole
shareholder of Commonwealth Capital Corp., and thus retains
ultimate control of all Commonwealth entities through her ability
to elect, remove and replace directors. Prior to mid-2011, only Ms.
Springsteen-Abbott was considered a controlling person of the
Commonwealth-sponsored equipment funds and Mr. Abbott is currently
a controlling person with respect to the equipment funds as well,
with the goal being that Executive Committee membership will be
indicative of control over the income funds as well as the Sponsor.
For purposes of our financial operations, we do not currently
consider any other employees to be control persons, and do not
expect to do so in the foreseeable future.
The
General Partner, a wholly owned subsidiary of Commonwealth of
Delaware, Inc., a Delaware corporation, which is in turn a
wholly-owned subsidiary of CCC, a Pennsylvania corporation, was
incorporated in Pennsylvania on August 26, 1993. The General
Partner also acts as the General Partner Commonwealth Income &
Growth Fund VI and Commonwealth Income & Growth Fund VII and is
the manager of several private entities. The principal business
office of the General Partner is 4532 US Highway 19, Suite 200, New
Port Richey, FL 34652 and its telephone number is (877) 654-1500.
The General Partner manages and controls the affairs of the
Partnership and has sole responsibility for all aspects of the
Partnership’s operations. The officers of the General Partner
devote such time to the affairs of the Partnership as in the
opinion of the General Partner is necessary to enable it to perform
its function as General Partner. The officers of the General
Partner are not required to spend their full time in meeting their
obligations to the Partnership.
26
The
directors and officers of the General Partner and key employees of
CCC and its subsidiaries are as follows:
NAME
|
TITLE
|
Kimberly A. Springsteen-Abbott
|
Chairman
of the Board; Chief Executive Officer and Chief Compliance Officer
of CCC, and CIGF, Inc.
|
|
|
Henry J. Abbott
|
Director
of CCC and CIGF, Inc.; President of CCC and CIGF, Inc.
|
|
|
Jay Dugan
|
Executive
Vice President and Chief Technology Officer and Director of CCC;
Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer of CIGF,
Inc.
|
|
|
Peter Daley
|
Director
of CCC and CIGF, Inc.
|
|
|
James Pruett
|
Compliance
Officer of CCC and CIGF, Inc.; Senior Vice President of CCC and
CIGF, Inc.; Director of CCC and CIGF, Inc.
|
|
|
Brian Doster
|
Vice
President and General Counsel of CCC and CIGF, Inc.
|
Kimberly A. Springsteen-Abbott, age 62, joined Commonwealth
in April 1997 and is the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of
the Board of Directors of Commonwealth Capital Corp. (the parent
corporation); and Commonwealth Income & Growth Fund, Inc. (the
General Partner), positions she has held since April 2006. Ms.
Springsteen-Abbott is responsible for general operations of the
equipment leasing/portfolio management side of the business. Ms.
Springsteen-Abbott oversees all CCC operations. Ms.
Springsteen-Abbott oversees all corporate daily operations and
training, as well as develops long-term corporate growth
strategies. Ms. Springsteen-Abbott has over 40 years of experience
in the financial services industry, specifically in the real
estate, energy and leasing sectors of alternative investments. Ms.
Springsteen-Abbott is the sole shareholder of Commonwealth Capital
Corp. Ms. Springsteen-Abbott was elected to the Board of Directors
of the parent corporation in 1997 and has also served as its
Executive Vice President and COO. From 1980 through 1997, Ms.
Springsteen-Abbott was employed with Wheat First Butcher Singer, a
regional broker/dealer located in Richmond, Virginia. At Wheat, she
served as Senior Vice President & Marketing Manager for the
Alternative Investments Division. She is a member of the Equipment
Leasing and Finance Association, REISA, the Financial Planners
Association, the National Association of Equipment Leasing Brokers
and has served on the Board of Trustees for the Investment Program
Association. Ms. Springsteen-Abbott is a member of the Executive
Committee and the Disaster Recovery Committee. Ms.
Springsteen-Abbott is the wife of Henry J. Abbott.
Henry J. Abbott, age 71, joined Commonwealth in August 1998
as a Portfolio Manager, a position he held until April 2006, at
which time he was elected President of CCC and CIGF, Inc., and
Director of CCC and its affiliates. Mr. Abbott is responsible for
lease acquisitions, equipment dispositions and portfolio review.
Additionally, Mr. Abbott is also responsible for oversight of
residual valuation, due diligence, equipment inspections,
negotiating renewal and purchase options and remarketing off-lease
equipment. Mr. Abbott serves as senior member on the Disaster
Recovery Committee and the Facilities Committee, and was appointed
to the Executive Committee in 2008. Prior to Commonwealth, Mr.
Abbott has been active in the commercial lending industry, working
primarily on asset-backed transactions for more than 30 years. Mr.
Abbott attended St. John’s University. Mr. Abbott was a
founding partner of Westwood Capital LLC in New York, a Senior Vice
President for IBJ Schroeder Leasing Corporation and has managed a
group specializing in the provision of operating lease finance
programs in the high technology sector. Mr. Abbott brings extensive
knowledge and experience in leasing and has managed over $1.5
billion of secured transactions. Mr. Abbott is a member of the
Equipment Leasing and Finance Association, the National Association
of Equipment Leasing Brokers, REISA and the Investment Program
Association. Mr. Abbott is a member of the executive committee and
the Disaster Recovery Committee. Mr. Abbott is the husband of
Kimberly A. Springsteen-Abbott.
27
Jay Dugan, age 73, joined Commonwealth in 2002 as Assistant
Vice President and Network Administrator, and became a Vice
President in December 2002, Senior Vice President in December 2003,
and has been Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer
of the parent and its affiliates since December 2004. Mr. Dugan has
also been a director of CCC and CIGF, Inc. since June 2006. Mr.
Dugan is responsible for the information technology vision,
security, operation and ongoing development, including network
configurations, protection of corporate assets and maximizing
security and efficiency of information flow. Prior to Commonwealth,
Mr. Dugan founded First Securities USA, a FINRA member firm, in
1988 and operated that firm through 1998. From 1999 until 2002, Mr.
Dugan was an independent due diligence consultant until he came to
Commonwealth to develop that area of the firm. Mr. Dugan attended
St. Petersburg College and holds an AS Degree in Computer
Networking Technology. Mr. Dugan is a Microsoft Certified Systems
Engineer, Microsoft Certified Database Administrator and Comp-Tia
Certified Computer Technician. Mr. Dugan is a senior member of the
Disaster Recovery Committee, as well as oversight member of the
Website Committee.
Peter Daley, age 81, joined Commonwealth in June 2006 as a
director. Mr. Daley is an Accredited Senior Appraiser for the
discipline of Machinery and Equipment with a specialty in
High-Technology for the valuation of computer equipment. Mr. Daley
has been in the computer business since 1965, first with IBM as a
computer broker/lessor and then with Daley Marketing Corporation
(DMC), a firm he founded in July 1980 to publish reports about
computer equipment, including “Market Value Reports”
and “Residual Value Reports.” In January 2001 Mr. Daley
acquired Computer Economics, merged DMC into CEI and in April 2005
sold the IT Management Company and created a new company focused on
the fair market value business. Additionally, Mr. Daley remains
President of DMC Consulting Group, a separate company that
specializes in writing Appraisals, Portfolio Analysis and Property
Tax Valuation from Fair Market Value to Residual Value valuations.
Mr. Daley has developed a database of “Fair Market
Value” equipment values from 1980 to the present, utilizing a
variety of reports and publications along with the DMC and CEI
Market Value Reports. This database has been successfully used in
the valuation of computer equipment in the settlement of a number
of Virginia tax cases. He has also previously testified in
California, Minnesota, Michigan, New York, and the Virginia Courts
as an expert in the field of valuation of computer equipment. Mr.
Daley has a full repertoire of lectures, seminars, presentations,
and publications that he has conceived and shared with the public.
From 1994 to the present he has been writing computer appraisals
and reports for Fortune 500 companies. From April 2005 to the
present as president of DMC Valuations Group, Mr. Daley has been
publishing, both on the web and in print, fair market values,
residual values, and manufacturer’s price lists to existing
valuation clients around the world. Mr. Daley graduated from
Pepperdine University in 1991 with a Masters of Business
Administration, and from Cal State Northridge with a Bachelor of
Science in Business Administration in 1965. Mr. Daley is also an
Accredited Senior Appraiser with the American Society of
Appraisers.
James Pruett, age 55, joined Commonwealth in 2002 as an
Executive Assistant. Mr. Pruett was named Assistant Vice President
and a Compliance Associate in February 2005, Vice President and
Compliance Manager in December 2005, Senior Vice President and
Compliance Officer of the parent and its affiliates in December
2007. Mr. Pruett was also named Secretary to the parent’s
board of directors in December 2008 and as a Director of
Commonwealth Capital Corp. in 2021. Mr. Pruett is responsible for
management of regulatory policies and procedures and internal
audit. Mr. Pruett assists in the management of shareholder records
and updates. Mr. Pruett is a member of the Website Committee and
the Disaster Recovery Committee. Prior to joining Commonwealth, Mr.
Pruett served as Managing Editor/Associate Publisher for Caliber
Entertainment, a publishing and entertainment licensing company.
Mr. Pruett’s responsibilities included oversight of
production of publishing library, as well as serving as
Editor-in-Chief for all publications and additionally served as
Media Relations Liaison. Mr. Pruett is a member of the Equipment
Leasing and Finance Association.
Brian Doster, age 61, joined Commonwealth Capital Corp. in
February 2017. Mr. Doster is responsible for all legal functions
including Federal, State and local compliance, dispute management,
transactional documentation and enforcement and general legal
matters. Prior to joining Commonwealth, Mr. Doster was SVP and
General Counsel for Checkers Drive-In Restaurants, Inc. in Tampa,
FL (1999 – 2014). Mr. Doster oversaw all legal needs of
Checkers during both its public and private ownership, including
oversight of domestic and international franchising. Prior to
Checkers Mr. Doster served as General Counsel for Amoco Corporation
in Chicago, IL (1985 – 1999). Mr. Doster provided for the
legal needs of its many subsidiaries, including Amoco Oil Company
and as GC and Secretary for Omega Oil Company and Whale Oil, Inc.
Mr. Doster obtained his J.D. from the University of Baltimore and
BS from Towson University. Mr. Doster is past President and
continues to serve as director of Tampa Family Health Clinics, Inc.
and is a past Baldridge Examiner.
28
The
directors and officers of the General Partner are required to spend
only such time on the Partnership’s affairs as is necessary
in the sole discretion of the directors of the General Partner for
the proper conduct of the Partnership’s business. A
substantial amount of time of such directors and officers is
expected to be spent on matters unrelated to the Partnership,
particularly after the Partnership’s investments have been
selected. Under certain circumstances, such directors and officers
are entitled to indemnification from the Partnership.
The
Partnership has no audit committee financial expert, as defined in
Item 401 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR § 229.401) under the
Exchange Act, serving on its audit committee. An audit committee is
not required because the Partnership’s units are not listed
securities (as defined by 17 CFR § 240.10A-3); therefore,
no audit committee financial expert is required.
In view
of the fiduciary obligation that the General Partner has to the
Partnership, the General Partner believes an adoption of a formal
code of ethics is unnecessary and would not benefit the
Partnership, particularly, in light of Partnership's limited
business activities.
ITEM 11: EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The
Partnership does not have any Directors or executive
officers.
ITEM 12: SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT
NONE
ITEM 13: CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED
TRANSACTIONS
The
following table summarizes the types, amounts and recipients of
compensation to be paid by the Partnership directly or indirectly
to the General Partner and its affiliates. Some of these fees are
paid regardless of the success or profitability of the
Partnership’s operations and investments. While such
compensation and fees were established by the General Partner and
are not based on arm’s-length negotiations, the General
Partner believes that such compensation and fees are comparable to
those that would be charged by an unaffiliated entity or entities
for similar services. The Partnership Agreement limits the
liability of the General Partner and its affiliates to the
Partnership and the Limited Partners and provides indemnification
to the General Partner and its affiliates under certain
circumstances.
29
ENTITY
RECEIVING
COMPENSATION
|
TYPE OF COMPENSATION
|
AMOUNT
INCURRED
DURING 2020
|
AMOUNT
INCURRED
DURING
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
OPERATIONAL
AND SALE OR LIQUIDATION STAGES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The General Partner
and its Affiliates
|
Reimbursable Expenses. The General
Partner and its affiliates are entitled to reimbursement by the
Partnership for the cost of goods, supplies or services obtained
and used by the General Partner in connection with the
administration and operation of the Partnership from third parties
unaffiliated with the General Partner. In addition, the General
Partner and its affiliates are entitled to reimbursement of certain
expenses incurred by the General Partner and its affiliates in
connection with the administration and operation of the
Partnership, not including costs of the control persons, as defined
in Item 10. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the
Partnership was charged $130,000 and $30,000 in Other LP
expense.
|
$272,000
|
$100,000
|
The General
Partner
|
Equipment Acquisition Fee. The General
Partner earned an equipment acquisition fee of 4% of the purchase
price of each item of equipment purchased as compensation for the
negotiation of the acquisition of the equipment and lease thereof
or sale under a conditional sales contract. For both years ended
December 31, 2020 and 2019, approximately $5,000 and $0 of
acquisition fees related to operating leases and finance leases
were waived by the General Partner respectively.
|
$-
|
$-
|
The General
Partner
|
Debt Placement Fee. As compensation for
arranging term debt to finance our acquisition of equipment, we
will pay the general partner a fee equal to one percent of such
indebtedness; provided, however, that such fee shall be reduced to
the extent we incur such fees to third parties unaffiliated with
the general partner or the lender with respect to such
indebtedness. No such fee will be paid with respect to borrowings
from the general partner or its affiliates. We intend to initially
acquire leases on an all cash basis with the proceeds of this
offering, but may borrow funds after the offering proceeds have
been invested. The amount we borrow, and therefore the amount of
the fee, will depend upon interest rates at the time of a loan, and
the amount of leverage we determine is appropriate at the time. We
do not intend to use more than 30% leverage overall in our
portfolio. Fees will increase as the amount of leverage we use
increases, and as turnover in the portfolio increases and
additional equipment is purchased using leverage. During the years
ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the General Partner earned but
waived approximately $200 and $0 of debt placement fees,
respectively.
|
$-
|
$-
|
The General
Partner
|
Equipment Management Fee. The General
Partner is entitled to be paid for managing the equipment portfolio
a monthly fee equal to the lesser of (i) the fees which would be
charged by an independent third party for similar services for
similar equipment or (ii) the sum of (a) two percent of (1) the
gross lease revenues attributable to equipment which is subject to
full payout net leases which contain net lease provisions plus (2)
the purchase price paid on conditional sales contracts as received
by the Partnership and (b) 5% of the gross lease revenues
attributable to equipment which is subject to operating leases. In
an effort to increase future cash flow for the fund our General
Partner had elected to reduce the percentage of equipment
management fees paid to it from 5% to 2.5% of the gross lease
revenues attributable to equipment which is subject to operating
leases. The reduction was effective beginning in July 2010 and
remained in effect for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the General
Partner earned but waived approximately $14,000 and $25,000 of
equipment management fees, respectively.
|
$-
|
$-
|
The General
Partner
|
Equipment Liquidation Fee. With respect
to each item of equipment sold by the General Partner (other than
in connection with a conditional sales contract), a fee equal to
the lesser of (i) 50% of the competitive equipment sale commission
or (ii) three percent of the sales price for such equipment is
payable to the General Partner. The payment of such fee is
subordinated to the receipt by the limited partners of (i) a return
of their net capital contributions and a 10% per annum cumulative
return, compounded daily, on adjusted capital contributions and
(ii) the net disposition proceeds from such sale in accordance with
the Partnership Agreement. Such fee will be reduced to the extent
any liquidation or resale fees are paid to unaffiliated parties.
During both years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the General
Partner earned but waived approximately $5,000 and $0 of equipment
liquidation fees, respectively.
|
$-
|
$-
|
The General
Partner
|
Partnership
Interest. The General Partner
has a present and continuing one percent interest of $1,000 in the
Partnership’s item of income, gain, loss, deduction, credit,
and tax preference. In addition, the General Partner receives one
percent of cash available for distribution until the Limited
Partners have received distributions of cash available for
Distribution equal to their capital contributions plus the 10%
cumulative return and thereafter, the General Partner will receive
10% of cash available for distribution.
|
$-
|
$-
|
30
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The
Partnership is subject to various conflicts of interest arising out
of its relationships with the General Partner and its affiliates.
These conflicts include the following:
COMPETITIONS WITH GENERAL PARTNER AND AFFILIATES: COMPETITION FOR
MANAGEMENT’S TIME
The
General Partner and its affiliates sponsor other investor programs,
which are in potential competition with the Partnership in
connection with the purchase of equipment as well as opportunities
to lease and sell such equipment. Competition for equipment has
occurred and is likely to occur in the future. The General Partner
and its affiliates may also form additional investor programs,
which may be competitive with the Partnership.
If one
or more investor programs and the Partnership are in a position to
acquire the same equipment, the General Partner will determine
which program will purchase the equipment based upon the objectives
of each and the suitability of the acquisition in light of those
objectives. The General Partner will generally afford priority to
the program or entity that has had funds available to purchase
equipment for the longest period of time. If one or more investor
programs and the Partnership are in a position to enter into a
lease with the same lessee or sell equipment to the same purchaser,
the General Partner will generally afford priority to the equipment
which has been available for lease or sale for the longest period
of time.
Certain
senior executives of the General Partner and its affiliates also
serve as officers and directors of the other programs and are
required to apportion their time among these entities. The
Partnership is, therefore, in competition with the other programs
for the attention and management time of the General Partner and
affiliates. The officers and directors of the General Partner are
not required to devote all or substantially all of their time to
the affairs of the Partnership.
ACQUISITIONS
CCC and
the General Partner or other affiliates of the General Partner may
acquire equipment for the Partnership provided that (i) the
Partnership has insufficient funds at the time the equipment is
acquired, (ii) the acquisition is in the best interest of the
partnership and (iii) no benefit to the General Partner or its
affiliates arises from the acquisition except for compensation paid
to CCC, the General Partner or such other affiliate as disclosed in
this report. CCC, the General Partner or their affiliates will not
hold equipment for more than 60 days prior to transfer to the
Partnership. If sufficient funds become available to the
Partnership within such 60 day period, such equipment may be resold
to the Partnership for a price not in excess of the sum of the cost
of the equipment to such entity and any accountable acquisition
expenses payable to third parties which are incurred by such entity
and interest on the purchase price from the date of purchase to the
date of transfer to the Partnership. CCC, the General Partner or
such other affiliate will retain any rent or other payments
received for the equipment, and bear all expenses and liabilities,
other than acquisition expenses payable to third parties with
respect to such equipment, for all periods prior to the acquisition
of the equipment by the Partnership. Except as described above,
there will be no sales of equipment to or from any affiliate of
CCC.
In
certain instances, the Partnership may find it necessary, in
connection with the ordering and acquisition of equipment, to make
advances to manufacturers or vendors with funds borrowed from the
General Partner for such purpose. The Partnership does not borrow
money from the General Partner or any of its affiliates with a term
in excess of twelve months. Interest is paid on loans or advances
(in the form of deposits with manufacturers or vendors of equipment
or otherwise) from the General Partner of its affiliates from their
own funds at a rate equal to that which would be charged by third
party financing institutions on comparable loans from the same
purpose in the same geographic area, but in no event in excess of
the General Partner’s or affiliate’s own cost of funds.
In addition, if the General Partner or its affiliates borrow money
and loan or advance it on a short-term basis to or on behalf of the
Partnership, the General Partner or such affiliates shall receive
no greater interest rate and financing charges from the Partnership
than that which unrelated lenders charge on comparable loans. The
Partnership will not borrow money from the General Partner or any
of its affiliates for a term in excess of twelve
months.
If the
General Partner or any of its affiliates purchases equipment in its
own name and with its own funds in order to facilitate ultimate
purchase by the Partnership, the purchaser is entitled to receive
interest on the funds expended for such purchase on behalf of the
Partnership. Simple interest on any such temporary purchases is
charged on a floating rate basis not in excess of three percent
over the “prime rate” from time to time announced by
PNC Bank, from the date of initial acquisition to the date of
repayment by the Partnership/ownership transfer.
31
The
Partnership does not invest in equipment limited partnerships,
general partnerships or joint ventures, except that (a) the
Partnership may invest in general partnerships or joint ventures
with persons other than equipment programs formed by the General
Partner or its affiliates, which partnerships or joint ventures own
specific equipment; provided that (i) the Partnership has or
acquires a controlling interest in such ventures or partnerships,
(ii) the non-controlling interest is owned by a non-affiliate, and
(iii) there are no duplicate fees; and (b) the Partnership may
invest in joint venture arrangements with other equipment programs
formed by the General Partner or its affiliates if such action is
in the best interest of all programs and if all the following
conditions are met: (i) all the programs have substantially
identical investment objectives; (ii) there are no duplicate fees;
(iii) the sponsor compensation is substantially identical in each
program; (iv) the Partnership has a right of first refusal to buy
another program’s interest in a joint venture if the other
program wishes to sell equipment held in the joint venture; (v) the
investment of each program is on substantially the same terms and
conditions; and (vi) the joint venture is formed either for the
purpose of effecting appropriate diversification for the programs
or for the purpose of relieving the General Partner or its
affiliates from a commitment entered into pursuant to certain
provisions of the Partnership Agreement.
GLOSSARY
The
following terms used in this report shall (unless otherwise
expressly provided herein or unless the context otherwise requires)
have the meanings set forth below.
“Acquisition
Expenses” means expenses relating to the prospective
selection and acquisition of or investment in equipment by the
Partnership, whether or not actually acquired, including, but not
limited to, legal fees and expenses, travel and communication
expenses, costs of appraisal, accounting fees and expenses and
other related expenses.
“Acquisition
Fees” means the total of all fees and commissions paid by any
party in connection with the initial purchase of equipment acquired
by the Partnership. Included in the computation of such fees or
commissions shall be the equipment acquisition fee and any
commission, selection fee, construction supervision fee, financing
fee, non-recurring management fee or any fee of a similar nature,
however designated.
“Adjusted
Capital Contributions” means capital contributions of the
Limited Partners reduced by any cash distribution received by the
Limited Partners pursuant to Sections 4.1 or 8.1 of the Partnership
Agreement, to the extent such distributions exceed any unpaid
priority return as of the date such distributions were
made.
“Affiliate”
means, when used with reference to a specified person, (i) any
person, that directly or indirectly through one or more
intermediaries controls or is controlled by or is under common
control with the specified person, (ii) any person that is a
director or an executive officer of, partner in, or serves in a
similar capacity to, the specified person, or any person of which
the specified person is an executive officer or partner or with
respect to which the specified person serves in a similar capacity,
(iii) any person owning or controlling 10% or more of the
outstanding voting securities of such specified person, or (iv) if
such person is an officer, director or partner, any entity for
which such person acts in such capacity.
“Capital
Account” means the separate account established for each
Partner pursuant to Section 4.1 of the Partnership
Agreement.
“Capital
Contributions” means in the case of the General Partner, the
total amount of money contributed to the Partnership by the General
Partner, and in the case of Limited Partners, $20 for each unit, or
where the context requires, the total capital contributions of all
the Partners.
“Cash
Available for Distribution” means cash flow plus net
disposition proceeds plus cash funds available for distribution
from Partnership reserves, less such amounts as the General
Partner, in accordance with the Partnership Agreement, causes the
Partnership to reinvest in equipment or interests therein, and less
such amounts as the General Partner, in its sole discretion,
determines should be set aside for the restoration or enhancement
of Partnership reserves.
“Cash
Flow” for any fiscal period means the sum of (i) cash
receipts from operations, including, but not limited to, rents or
revenues arising from the leasing or operation of the equipment and
interest, if any, earned on funds on deposit for the Partnership,
but not including net disposition proceeds, minus (ii) all cash
expenses and costs incurred and paid in connection with the
ownership, lease, management, use and/or operation of the
equipment, including, but not limited to, fees for handling and
storage; all interest expenses paid and all repayments of principal
regarding borrowed funds; maintenance; repair costs; insurance
premiums; accounting and legal fees and expenses; debt collection
expenses; charges, assessments or levies imposed upon or against
the equipment; ad valorem, gross receipts and other property taxes
levied against the equipment; and all costs of repurchasing Units
in accordance with the Partnership Agreement; but not including
depreciation or amortization of fees or capital expenditures, or
provisions for future expenditures, including, without limitation,
organizational and offering expenses.
32
“Code”
means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and as may be
amended from time to time by future federal tax
statutes.
“Competitive
Equipment Sale Commission” means that brokerage fee paid for
services rendered in connection with the purchase or sale of
equipment, which is reasonable, customary, and competitive in light
of the size, type, and location of the equipment.
“Conditional
Sales Contract” means an agreement to sell equipment to a
buyer in which the seller reserves title to, and retains a security
interest in, the equipment until the purchase price of the
equipment is paid.
“Equipment”
means each item of and all of the technology equipment and other
similar capital equipment (medical technology equipment,
telecommunications technology equipment, inventory management
equipment) purchased, owned, operated, and/or leased by the
Partnership or in which the Partnership has acquired a direct or
indirect interest, as more fully described in the Partnership
Agreement, together with all appliances, parts, instruments,
accessories, furnishings, or other equipment included therein and
all substitutions, renewals, or replacements of, and all additions,
improvements, and accessions to, any and all thereof.
“Finance
Lease” generally means a full-payout, non-cancellable
agreement in which the customer is responsible for maintenance,
taxes and insurance. The term also refers in Article 2A of the
Uniform Commercial Code to a special type of lease in which the
lessor, lessee and the manufacturer have contractual relationships
and the lessor at all times, with the lessee’s
acknowledgement, remains a passive investor where the lessee makes
most equipment decisions directly with the
manufacturer.
“Full
Payout Net Lease” means an initial net lease of the equipment
under which the non-cancelable rental payments due (and which can
be calculated at the commencement of the net lease) during the
initial noncancelable fixed term (not including any renewal or
extension period) of the lease or other contract for the use of the
equipment are at least sufficient to recover the purchase price of
the equipment.
“General
Partner” means Commonwealth Income & Growth Fund, Inc.
and any additional, substitute or successor general partner of the
Partnership.
“Gross
Lease Revenues” means Partnership gross receipts from leasing
or other operation of the equipment, except that, to the extent the
Partnership has leased the equipment from an unaffiliated party, it
shall mean such receipts less any lease expense.
“IRS”
means the Internal Revenue Service.
“Limited
Partner” means a person who acquires units and who is
admitted to the Partnership as a limited partner in accordance with
the terms of the Partnership Agreement.
“Net
Dispositions Proceeds” means the net proceeds realized by the
Partnership from the refinancing, sale or other disposition of
equipment, including insurance proceeds or lessee indemnity
payments arising from the loss or destruction of equipment, less
such amounts as are used to satisfy Partnership
liabilities.
“Net
Lease” means a lease or other contract under which the owner
provides equipment to a lessee or other operator in return for a
payment, and the lessee assumes all obligations and pays for the
operation, repair, maintenance and insuring of the
equipment.
33
“Net
Profits” or “Net Losses” shall be computed in
accordance with Section 703(a) of the Code (including all items of
income, gain, loss or deduction required to be stated separately
pursuant to Section 703(a) (1) of the Code) for each taxable year
of the Partnership or shorter period prior to an interim closing of
the Partnership’s books with the following adjustments: (I)
any income of the Partnership that is exempt from federal income
tax and not otherwise taken into account in computing net profits
and net loss pursuant to this definition shall be added to such
taxable income or shall reduce such taxable loss; (ii) any
expenditure of the Partnership described in Code Section 705(a) (2)
(B) or treated as Code Section 705(a) (2) (B) expenditures pursuant
to Treasury Regulations section 1.704-1(b) (2) (iv) (i) and not
otherwise taken into account in computing net profits and net
losses pursuant to this definition shall be subtracted from such
taxable income or loss; (iii) items of income, gain, loss and
deduction specially allocated pursuant to Section 7.3 of the
Partnership Agreement shall not be included in the computation of
net profits or net loss; and if property is reflected on the books
of the Partnership at a book value that differs from the adjusted
tax basis of the property in accordance with Treasury Regulation
Section 1.704-1(b) (2) (iv) (d) or (f), depreciation, amortization,
and gain or loss with respect to such property shall be determined
by reference to such book value in a manner consistent with
Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b) (2) (iv) (g). The terms
“net profit” or “net losses” shall include
the Partnership’s distributive share of the profit or loss of
any partnership or joint venture in which it is a partner or joint
venture.
“Offering”
means the initial public offering of units in the
Partnership.
“Operating
Distributions” means the quarterly distributions made to the
Partners pursuant to Article 8 of the Partnership
Agreement.
“Operating
Lease” means a lease or other contractual arrangement under
which an unaffiliated party agrees to pay the Partnership, directly
or indirectly, for the use of the equipment, and which is not a
full payout net lease.
“Organizational
and Offering Expenses” means the expenses incurred in
connection with the organization of the Partnership and in
preparation of the offering, including underwriting commissions,
listing fees and advertising expenses specifically incurred in
connection with the distribution of the units.
“Partner
(s)” means any one or more of the General Partner and the
Limited Partners.
“Partnership”
means Commonwealth Income & Growth Fund V, a Pennsylvania
limited partnership.
“Partnership
Agreement” means that Limited Partnership agreement of
Commonwealth Income & Growth Fund V by and among the General
Partner and the Limited Partners, pursuant to which the Partnership
is governed.
“Person”
means an individual, partnership, limited liability company, joint
venture, corporation, trust, estate or other entity.
“Proceeds”
means proceeds from the sale of the units.
“Program”
means a limited or general partnership, joint venture,
unincorporated association or similar organization, other than a
corporation formed and operated for the primary purpose of
investment in and the operation of or gain from an interest in
equipment.
“Purchase
Price” means, with respect to any equipment, an amount equal
to the sum of (i) the invoice cost of such equipment or any other
such amount paid to the seller, (ii) any closing, delivery and
installation charges associated therewith not included in such
invoice cost and paid by or on behalf of the Partnership, (iii) the
cost of any capitalized modifications or upgrades paid by on or
behalf of the Partnership in connection with its purchase of the
equipment, and (iv) solely for purposes of the definition of full
payout net lease, the amount of the equipment acquisition fee and
any other acquisition fees.
34
“Retained
Proceeds” means cash available for distribution, which
instead of being distributed to the Partners is retained by the
Partnership for the purpose of acquiring or investing in
equipment.
“Term
Debt” means debt of the Partnership with a term in excess of
twelve months, incurred with respect to acquiring or investing in
equipment, or refinancing non-term debt, but not debt incurred with
respect to refinancing existing Partnership term debt.
“Unit”
means a Limited Partnership interest in the
Partnership.
ITEM 14: PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
AUDIT FEES
The
aggregate fees billed and expected to be billed for the fiscal
years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 for professional services
rendered by the Partnership’s independent registered public
accounting firm for audit of the Partnership’s annual
financial statements and the review of the financial statements
included in our Form 10-Q or services that are normally provided by
the accountant in connection with statutory and regulatory filings
or engagements for that fiscal year, was approximately $43,000 and
$23,000, respectively.
The
aggregate fees billed and expected to be billed for the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2020 of approximately $43,000 are broken down as
follows:
●
The
Partnership’s previous independent registered public
accounting firm, BDO USA LLP (“BDO”), represents
approximately $18,000 of the total fees billed and expected to be
billed for professional services rendered for the year ended
December 31, 2020 and $23,000 for the year ended December 31,
2019.
●
The
Partnership’s newly appointed independent registered public
accounting firm, Morison Cogen LLP, represents approximately
$25,000 of the total fees billed and expected to be billed for
professional services rendered for the year ended December 31, 2020
and $0 for the year ended December 31, 2019.
AUDIT-RELATED FEES
There
were no aggregate fees billed in the fiscal years ended December
31, 2020 and 2019 for assurance and related services by the
Partnership’s independent registered public accounting firm
that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or
review of the registrant's financial statements and are not
reported under the paragraph captioned “Audit
Fees.”
TAX
FEES
There
were no fees billed in the fiscal years ended December 31, 2020 and
2019 for professional services rendered by the Partnership’s
independent registered public accounting firm for tax compliance,
tax advice and tax planning.
ALL OTHER FEES
Fees
billed for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 for products
and services provided by our previous auditor, BDO, other than the
services reported in the Audit Fees, Audit-Related Fees, and Tax
Fees categories above were approximately $2,000 and $0 for the
years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Fees
billed for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 for products
and services provided by the Partnership’s newly appointed
auditor, Morison Cogen LLP, other than the services reported in the
Audit Fees, Audit-Related Fees, and Tax Fees categories above were
$0 for both the years ended December 31, 2020 and
2019.
All
audit related services, tax planning and other services were
pre-approved by the Board of Directors of the General Partner,
which concluded that the provision of such services by the
Partnership’s independent registered public accounting firm
was compatible with the maintenance of that firm's independence in
the conduct of its auditing functions. The policy of the General
Partner provides for pre-approval of these services and all audit
related, tax or other services not prohibited under Section 10A(g)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended to be performed
for us by our independent auditors, subject to the de minimus
exception described in Section 10A(i)(1)(B) of the Exchange Act on
an annual basis and on individual engagements if minimum thresholds
are exceeded.
There
were no other fees approved by the Board of Directors of the
General Partner or paid by the Partnership, during 2020 and 2019
other than fees related to audit or tax compliance
services.
35
PART IV
ITEM 15: EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON
FORM 10-K
(a)
(1)
|
Financial
Statements
|
|
|
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
F-1
|
|
Balance
Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019
|
F-2
|
|
Statements
of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and
2019
|
F-3
|
|
Statements
of Partners’ (Deficit) Capital for the years ended December
31, 2020 and 2019
|
F-4
|
|
Statements
of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2020 and
2019
|
F-5
|
|
Notes
to Financial Statements
|
F-6
|
(a)
(2)
|
Schedules
|
|
Schedules
are omitted because they are not applicable, not required, or
because the required information is included in the financial
statements and notes thereto.
(a) (3)
|
Exhibits
|
|
|
*3.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
*3.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
|
|
*Incorporated
by reference from the Partnership’s Registration Statement on
Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-108057)
|
ITEM 16: FORM 10K SUMMARY
(a) (1)
|
None
|
36
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf April 16, 2021 by the undersigned thereunto duly
authorized.
|
COMMONWEALTH
INCOME & GROWTH FUND V, LP
|
|
By:
COMMONWEALTH INCOME & GROWTH FUND, INC., General
Partner
|
|
By: /s/
Kimberly A. Springsteen-Abbott
|
|
Kimberly
A. Springsteen-Abbott
|
|
Chief
Executive Officer
|
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of
the Registrant and in the capacities indicated on April 16,
2021:
SIGNATURE
|
CAPACITY
|
|
|
/s/
Kimberly A. Springsteen-Abbott
|
Chairman,
Chief Executive Officer,
|
Kimberly
A. Springsteen-Abbott
|
Commonwealth
Income & Growth Fund, Inc.
|
/s/ Henry
J. Abbott
|
Director,
President,
|
Henry
J. Abbott
|
Commonwealth
Income & Growth Fund, Inc.
|
37
Commonwealth
Income &
Growth
Fund V
Financial Statements
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firm
|
F-1
|
|
|
Financial statements
|
|
Balance
Sheets
|
F-4
|
Statements
of Operations
|
F-5
|
Statements
of Partners’ (Deficit) Capital
|
F-6
|
Statements
of Cash flows
|
F-7
|
|
|
Notes to financial statements
|
F-8
|
38
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the
Partners
Commonwealth
Income & Growth Fund V
New
Port Richey, Florida
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have
audited the accompanying balance sheet of Commonwealth Income &
Growth Fund V (the Partnership) as of December 31, 2020, and the
related statements of operations, partners’ capital, and cash
flows for the year ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes
(collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our
opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of the Partnership as of December
31, 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for
the year ended December 31, 2020, in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of
America.
Going Concern
The
accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that
the Partnership will continue as a going concern. As discussed in
Note 1, Topic, Liquidity and Going Concern, to the financial
statements, the Partnership has historically reported recurring
negative cash flows and has a working capital deficit at December
31, 2020. These factors raise substantial doubt about its ability
to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard
to these matters are also described in Note 1, Topic, Liquidity and
Going Concern. The financial statements do not include any
adjustments that might result from the outcome of this
uncertainty.
Basis for Opinion
These
financial statements are the responsibility of the
Partnership’s management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on the Partnership’s financial statements based on
our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB)
and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and
the PCAOB.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB.
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements
are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
The Partnership is not required to have, nor were we engaged to
perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting.
As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding
of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the
purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the
Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting.
Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our
audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of
material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to
error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those
risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis,
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as
well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial
statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
F1
To the
Partners
Commonwealth
Income & Growth Fund V
(Continued)
Critical Audit Matters
The
critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from
the current period audit of the financial statements that were
communicated or required to be communicated to the general partner
and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material
to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially
challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of
critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the
financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by
communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate
opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or
disclosures to which they relate.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
As
discussed in Note 2, Topic, Long-Lived Assets, once an asset comes
off lease or is released, the Partnership reassesses the useful
life of an asset. The Partnership evaluates its long-lived assets
when events or circumstances indicate that the value of the asset
may not be recoverable. The Partnership determines whether
impairment exists by estimating the undiscounted cash flows to be
generated by each asset. If the estimated undiscounted cash flows
are less than the carrying value of the asset then impairment
exists. The amount of the impairment is determined based on the
difference between the carrying value and the fair value. Fair
value is determined based on estimated discounted cash flows to be
generated by the asset, third party appraisals, or comparable sales
of similar assets, as applicable, based on asset type.
The
principal considerations for our determination that performing
procedures relating to the impairment of long-lived assets is a
critical audit matter are the use of significant judgment and
subjective factors in the Partnership’s assessment of any
changes in events or circumstances that may affect the carrying
amount of its long-lived assets.
Addressing
the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit
evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the
financial statements. These procedures included the
following:
●
Reviewed the
internal controls over the Partnership’s impairment
assessment process for equipment
●
Reviewed the
valuation method for appropriateness
●
Reviewed the
specialized skills and knowledge of the valuation
professional
●
Tested the
estimated fair value to an independent service
Reimbursable Expenses
As
discussed in Note 2, Topic, Reimbursable Expenses, reimbursable
expenses are ongoing operational expenses and fees associated with
the allocation of salaries and benefits which are charged to the
Partnership by Commonwealth Capital Corp. (CCC) in connection with
the administration and operation of the Partnership are allocated
to the Partnership based upon several factors including, but not
limited to, the number of investors, compliance issues, and the
number of existing leases.
We
identified the allocation of reimbursable expenses as a critical
audit matte due to a high degree of subjectivity in the selection
of certain key factors.
The
following are the primary procedures we performed to address this
critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the
operating effectiveness of certain internal controls over
CCC’s allocation process.
Addressing
the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit
evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the
financial statements. These procedures included the
following:
●
Evaluated that the
reimbursement is in compliance with the Partnership
Agreement
●
Evaluated the
reasonableness and consistency of key factors used by CCC to
allocate the ongoing operational expenses
●
Tested the dollar
amounts in the key factors to the accounting records of the
partnerships included in the allocation
To the
Partners
Commonwealth
Income & Growth Fund V
(Continued)
●
Tested the
calculation of the allocation percentage applied to the
Partnership
●
Confirmed that the
operational expenses do not include costs of control
persons
/s/
Morison Cogen LLP
We have
served as the Partnership’s auditors since 2021.
Blue
Bell, Pennsylvania
April
15, 2021
F2
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firm
The Partners
Commonwealth
Income & Growth Fund V
New
Port Richey, Florida
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have
audited the accompanying balance sheets of Commonwealth Income
& Growth Fund V (the “Partnership”) as of December
31, 2019, the related statements of operations, statements of
Partners’ (Deficit) Capital, and cash flows for the year
ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes (collectively
referred to as the “financial statements”). In our
opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of the Partnership at December 31,
2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the
year ended December 31, 2019, in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of
America.
Basis for Opinion
These
financial statements are the responsibility of the
Partnership’s management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on the Partnership’s financial statements based on
our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States)
(“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with
respect to the Partnership in accordance with the U.S. federal
securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the
Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB.
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements
are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
The Partnership is not required to have, nor were we engaged to
perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting.
As part of our audit we are required to obtain an understanding of
internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose
of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the
Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting.
Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our
audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of
material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to
error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those
risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis,
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as
well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial
statements. We believe that our audit provide a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
/s/
BDO USA, LLP
We
have served as the Partnership's auditor since 2012.
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania
April
15, 2020
F3
Commonwealth Income &
Growth Fund V
Balance Sheets
|
December
31,
|
|
|
2020
|
2019
|
|
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
Cash and cash
equivalents
|
$33,920
|
$5,211
|
Lease income
receivable, net of reserve of approximately $10,000 and $76,000 at
December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively
|
21,710
|
160,346
|
Accounts
receivable, Commonwealth Capital Corp
|
-
|
19,053
|
Other
receivables
|
333
|
1,054
|
Prepaid
expenses
|
3,247
|
1,323
|
|
59,210
|
186,987
|
|
|
|
Net investment in
finance leases
|
-
|
8,262
|
|
|
|
Equipment, at
cost
|
3,871,354
|
4,480,679
|
Accumulated
depreciation
|
(3,683,178)
|
(4,214,492)
|
|
188,176
|
266,187
|
Total
Assets
|
$247,386
|
$461,436
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES
AND PARTNERS' (DEFICIT) CAPITAL
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES
|
|
|
Accounts
payable
|
$131,056
|
$134,153
|
Accounts payable,
CIGF, Inc., net
|
84,411
|
57,925
|
Accounts payable,
Commonwealth Capital Corp, net of accounts receivable of
approximately $46,000 and $28,000 at December 31, 2020 and December
31, 2019, respectively
|
98,872
|
115,504
|
Other accrued
expenses
|
-
|
2,977
|
Unearned lease
income
|
1,499
|
19,730
|
Notes
payable
|
26,522
|
87,215
|
Total
Liabilities
|
342,360
|
417,504
|
|
|
|
COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES
|
|
|
PARTNERS'
(DEFICIT) CAPITAL
|
|
|
General
Partner
|
1,000
|
1,000
|
Limited
Partners
|
(95,974)
|
42,932
|
Total
Partners' (Deficit) Capital
|
(94,974)
|
43,932
|
Total
Liabilities and Partners' Capital
|
$247,386
|
$461,436
|
|
|
|
see
accompanying notes to condensed financial statements
|
F4
Commonwealth
Income &
Growth
Fund V
Statements
of Operations
|
Years
ended
|
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|
2020
|
2019
|
Revenue
|
|
|
Lease
|
$299,070
|
$487,538
|
Interest and
other
|
5,344
|
30,421
|
Sales and property
taxes
|
25,470
|
28,513
|
Gain on sale of
equipment
|
19,519
|
4,172
|
Total
revenue and gain on sale of equipment
|
349,403
|
550,644
|
|
|
|
Expenses
|
|
|
Operating,
excluding depreciation and amortization
|
282,638
|
93,968
|
Interest
|
2,385
|
10,968
|
Depreciation
|
174,568
|
277,704
|
Sales and property
taxes
|
25,470
|
28,513
|
Bad debt
expense
|
3,248
|
82,380
|
Total
expenses
|
488,309
|
493,533
|
|
|
|
Net
(loss) income
|
$(138,906)
|
$57,111
|
|
|
|
Net
(loss) income allocated to Limited Partners
|
$(138,906)
|
$57,111
|
|
|
|
Net
(loss) income per equivalent Limited Partnership unit
|
$(0.11)
|
$0.05
|
|
|
|
Weighted
average number of equivalent Limited Partnership units outstanding
during the period
|
1,235,581
|
1,236,148
|
|
|
|
see
accompanying notes to condensed financial statements
|
F5
Commonwealth Income &
Growth Fund V
Statements of Partners' (Deficit) Capital
|
General
|
Limited
|
|
|
|
|
Partner
|
Partner
|
General
|
Limited
|
|
|
Units
|
Units
|
Partner
|
Partners
|
Total
|
Balance,
January 1, 2019
|
50
|
1,236,148
|
$1,000
|
$(14,179)
|
$(13,179)
|
Net
income
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
57,111
|
57,111
|
Balance,
December 31, 2019
|
50
|
1,236,148
|
$1,000
|
$42,932
|
$43,932
|
Net
loss
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(138,906)
|
(138,906)
|
Redemption
|
-
|
(567)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Balance,
December 31, 2020
|
50
|
1,235,581
|
$1,000
|
$(95,974)
|
$(94,974)
|
see
accompanying notes to condensed financial
statements
F6
Commonwealth Income &
Growth Fund V
Statements of Cash Flows
|
Years
ended December 31,
|
|
|
2020
|
2019
|
Cash
flows from operating activities
|
|
|
Net (loss)
income
|
$(138,906)
|
$57,111
|
Adjustments to
reconcile net income to net cash
|
|
|
(used in)
provided by operating activities
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
174,568
|
277,704
|
Bad
debt expense
|
3,248
|
82,380
|
Gain
on sale of equipment
|
(19,519)
|
(4,172)
|
Other noncash
activities
|
|
|
Lease
revenue net of interest expense, on notes payable,
realized
|
|
|
as
a result of direct payment of principal to the bank by
lessee
|
(80,325)
|
(216,427)
|
Earned
interest on finance leases
|
(298)
|
(826)
|
Changes in assets
and liabilities
|
|
|
Payment
from finance leases
|
5,706
|
9,215
|
Lease
income receivable
|
135,388
|
(128,351)
|
Other
receivables
|
-
|
3,079
|
Receivables
- Other LP's
|
721
|
(19,053)
|
Prepaid
expenses
|
(1,924)
|
(158)
|
Accounts
payable
|
(3,097)
|
(39,845)
|
Accounts
payable, Commonwealth Capital Corp., net
|
2,421
|
(86,642)
|
Accounts
payable, CIGF, Inc., net
|
26,486
|
35,193
|
Other
accrued expenses
|
(2,982)
|
(2)
|
Unearned
lease income
|
(18,224)
|
(164)
|
Net
cash provided by (used in) by operating activities
|
83,263
|
(30,958)
|
|
|
|
Cash
flows from investing activities
|
|
|
Capital
expenditures
|
(116,380)
|
-
|
Net
proceeds from the sale of equipment
|
61,826
|
16,474
|
Net
cash (used in) provided by investing activities
|
(54,554)
|
16,474
|
|
|
|
Net
increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
28,709
|
(14,484)
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents beginning of year
|
5,211
|
19,695
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents end of year
|
$33,920
|
$5,211
|
|
|
|
see
accompanying notes to financial statements
|
F7
Commonwealth Income &
Growth Fund V
Notes to Financial Statements
1. Business
Commonwealth Income & Growth Fund V (the
“Partnership”) is a limited partnership organized in
the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in May 2003. The Partnership
offered for sale up to 1,250,000 units of the limited partnership
at the purchase price of $20 per unit (the “offering”).
The Partnership reached the minimum amount in escrow and commenced
operations on March 14, 2005. As of February 24, 2006, the
Partnership was fully subscribed.
During
the year ended December 31, 2020, limited partners redeemed 567
units for a total redemption price of approximately $0 due to
surrender of shares in accordance with the terms of the limited
partnership agreement. For the year ended December 31, 2019,
limited partners did not redeem any units of the
partnership.
The Partnership used the proceeds of the offering to acquire, own
and lease various types of information technology, medical
technology, telecommunications technology, inventory management
equipment and other similar capital equipment, which is leased
primarily to U.S. corporations and institutions. Commonwealth
Capital Corp. (“CCC”), on behalf of the Partnership and
other affiliated partnerships, acquires equipment subject to
associated debt obligations and lease agreements and allocates a
participation in the cost, debt and lease revenue to the various
partnerships that it manages based on certain risk
factors.
The Partnership’s investment objective is to acquire
primarily high technology equipment. Information technology has
developed rapidly in recent years and is expected to continue to do
so. Technological advances have permitted reductions in the cost of
information technology processing capacity, speed, and utility. In
the future, the rate and nature of equipment development may cause
equipment to become obsolete more rapidly. The Partnership also
acquires high technology medical, telecommunications and inventory
management equipment. The Partnership’s general partner will
seek to maintain an appropriate balance and diversity in the types
of equipment acquired. The market for high technology medical
equipment is growing each year. Generally, this type of equipment
will have a longer useful life than other types of technology
equipment. This allows for increased re-marketability, if it is
returned before its economic or announcement cycle is
depleted.
The Partnership’s General Partner is Commonwealth Income
& Growth Fund, Inc. (the “General Partner”), a
Pennsylvania corporation which is an indirect wholly owned
subsidiary of CCC. Approximately ten years after the commencement
of operations (the “operational phase”), the
Partnership intended to sell or otherwise dispose of all of its
equipment; make final distributions to partners, and to dissolve.
The Partnership was originally scheduled to end its operational
phase on February 4, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2015,
the operational phase was officially extended to December 31, 2020
through an investor proxy vote. The Partnership is expected to
terminate on December 31, 2022.
Allocations
of income and distributions of cash are based on the Agreement. The
various allocations under the Agreement prevent any limited
partner’s capital account from being reduced below zero and
ensure the capital accounts reflect the anticipated sharing ratios
of cash distributions, as defined in the Agreement. For the years ended December 31,
2020 and 2019, the General Partner elected to forgo distributions
and allocations of net income owed to it, and suspended limited
partner distributions.
F8
Liquidity and Going Concern
For the
year ended December 31, 2020, the Partnership incurred positive
cash flow. However, historically the Partnership has reported
recurring negative cash flows. At December 31, 2020, the
Partnership has a working capital deficit of approximately
$282,000. Such factors raise substantial doubt about the
Partnership’s ability to continue as a going
concern.
The
General Partner agreed to forgo distributions and allocations of
net income owed to it, and suspended limited partner distributions.
The General Partner will continue to waive certain fees and may
defer certain related party payables owed to the Partnership in an
effort to further increase the Partnership’s cash flow.
Additionally, the Partnership will seek to enhance portfolio
returns and maximize cash flow through the use of leveraged lease
transactions: the acquisition of lease equipment through financing.
The Partnership may also attempt to obtain additional funds by
disposing of or refinancing equipment, or by borrowing within its
permissible limits. However, at this time, it is uncertain as to
whether the General Partner’s plans will be
successful.
Immaterial Revisions to Prior Year Financial
Statements
The Partnership has determined that there had been an immaterial
error in its accounting for Other LP expenses in its financial
statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019. The
Partnership determined that Other LP expenses should have been
presented in the Statement of Operations as an increase of expense
under Operating expenses, excluding depreciation and
amortization. An adjustment was made to correct the error in
the prior period ended December 31, 2019 by reporting as an
increase of expense of approximately $5,000 and an increase
in Accounts Payable, CIGF, Inc. by the same amount and the
cumulative decreasing effect on the Partners’ Capital by the
same amount. The financial statements as of and for the year
ended December 31, 2019, as presented, reflect these
adjustments.
2. Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies
Use of Estimates
The
preparation of financial statements is in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America which requires management to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ
from those estimates and these differences could be material. Such
estimates relate primarily to the determination of residual values
at the end of the lease term, the expected future cash flows, and
fair value used for impairment analysis purposes and determination
of the allowance for doubtful accounts.
Disclosure of Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair Value Measurements
The
Partnership applies the provisions included in the Fair Value
Measurements and Disclosures Topic to all financial and
non-financial assets and liabilities. This Topic emphasizes that
fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific
measurement. It clarifies that fair value is an exit price,
representing the price that would be received to sell an asset or
paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous
market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the
measurement date. The Topic requires the use of valuation
techniques to measure fair value that maximize the use of
observable inputs and minimize use of unobservable inputs. These
inputs are prioritized as follows:
●
Level 1: Observable
inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets
or liabilities.
●
Level 2: Inputs
other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are
observable for the asset or liability, either directly or
indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets
or liabilities in active markets and inputs other than quoted
prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as
interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly
quoted intervals.
●
Level 3: Unobservable inputs for which there is
little or no market data and which require internal development of
assumptions about how market participants price the asset or
liability.
There
were no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring
basis at December 31, 2020 and 2019. There were no assets or
liabilities measured on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2020
and 2019.
F9
Fair Value disclosures of financial instruments
Estimated
fair value was determined by management using available market
information and appropriate valuation methodologies. However,
judgment was necessary to interpret market data and develop
estimated fair value. Cash, other receivables, accounts payable and
other accrued expenses are carried at amounts which reasonably
approximate their fair values as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 due
to the immediate or short-term nature of these financial
instruments.
The
Partnership’s long-term debt consists of notes payable, which
are secured by specific equipment and are nonrecourse liabilities
of the Partnership. The estimated fair value of this debt at
December 31, 2020 and 2019 approximates the carrying value of these
instruments, due to the interest rates on this debt approximating
current market interest rates. The Partnership classifies the fair
value of its notes payable within Level 2 of the valuation
hierarchy based on the observable inputs used to estimate fair
value.
Revenue Recognition
The
Partnership is principally engaged in business of leasing
equipment. Ancillary to the Partnership’s principal equipment
leasing business, the Partnership also sells certain equipment and
may offer certain services to support its customers.
The
Partnership’s lease transactions are principally accounted
for under Topic 842 on January 1, 2019. Prior to Topic 842, the
Partnership accounted for these transactions under Topic 840,
Leases (“Topic 840”). Lease revenue includes revenue
generated from leasing equipment to customers, including re-rent
revenue, and is recognized as either on a straight line basis or
using the effective interest method over the length of the lease
contract, if such lease is either an operating lease or finance
lease, respectively.
The
Partnership’s sale of equipment along with certain services
provided to customers is recognized under ASC Topic 606, Revenue
from Contracts with Customers, (“Topic 606”), which was
adopted on January 1, 2018. Prior to adoption of Topic 606, the
Partnership recognized these transactions under ASC Topic 605,
Revenue Recognized, and (“Topic 605”). The Partnership
recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by
transferring control over a product or service to a customer. The
amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration the
Partnership expects to be entitled to in exchange for such products
or services.
For the
years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Partnership’s
lease portfolio consisted of operating leases and finance leases.
For operating leases, lease revenue is recognized on a
straight-line basis in accordance with the terms of the lease
agreement. Finance lease interest income is recorded over the term
of the lease using the effective interest method.
Upon
the end of the lease term, if the lessee has not met the return
conditions as set out in the lease, the Partnership is entitled in
certain cases to additional compensation from the lessee. The
Partnership’s accounting policy for recording such payments
is to treat them as revenue.
Gains
or losses from sales of leased and off-lease equipment are recorded
on a net basis in the Partnership’s Statement of Operations.
Gains from the termination of leases are recognized when the
lease is modified and terminated concurrently. Our leases do not
contain any step-rent provisions or escalation clauses nor are
lease revenues adjusted based on any index.
Partnership’s
accounting policy for sales and property taxes collected from the
lessees are recorded in the current period as gross revenues and
expenses.
F10
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In June
2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update
(“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses
(Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
(“ASU 2016-13”). This standard establishes an
impairment model (known as the current expected credit loss
(“CECL”) model) that is based on expected losses rather
than incurred losses. Under the new guidance, an entity recognizes
as an allowance its estimate of expected credit losses, which is
intended to result in a timelier recognition of losses. Under the
CECL model, entities will estimate credit losses over the entire
contractual term of the instrument (considering estimated
prepayments, but not expected extensions or modifications) from the
date of initial recognition of the financial instrument.
Measurement of expected credit losses are to be based on relevant
forecasts that affect collectability. The scope of financial assets
within the CECL methodology is broad and includes trade receivables
from certain revenue transactions and certain off-balance sheet
credit exposures. Different components of the guidance require
modified retrospective or prospective adoption.
In
November 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, Codification
Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses. ASU
2018-19 clarifies that receivables arising from operating leases
are not within the scope of the credit losses standard. Instead,
entities would need to apply other U.S. GAAP, namely Topic 842
(Leases), to account for changes in the collectability assessment
for operating leases. Other than operating lease receivables,
Partnership trade receivables include receivables from finance
leases and equipment sales. Under Topic 606 (Revenue from Contracts
with Customers), revenue is recognized when, among other criteria,
it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration to
which it is entitled for goods or services transferred to a
customer. At the point that finance lease receivables are recorded,
they become subject to the CECL model and estimates of expected
credit losses over their contractual life will be required to be
recorded at inception based on historical information, current
conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Trade
receivables derived from equipment sales are of short duration and
there is not a material difference between incurred losses and
expected losses.
In
April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements
to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses, Topic 815,
Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments,
which amends and clarifies several provisions of Topic 326. In May
2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments-Credit
Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief, which amends Topic
326 to allow the fair value option to be elected for certain
financial instruments upon adoption. ASU 2019-10 extended the
effective date of ASU 2016-13 for the Partnership until December
15, 2022. While we continue to evaluate the new guidance, including
the subsequent updates to Topic 326, we do not anticipate that
adoption will have a material impact on the Partnership financial
statements and related disclosures. For both the years ended
December 31, 2020 and 2019, Partnership finance lease revenue
subject to CECL represented less than 1% of total lease
revenue.
Other Assets
Equipment
acquisition costs and deferred expenses are amortized on a
straight-line basis over two-to-four year lives based on the
original term of the lease and the loan, respectively. Unamortized
acquisition costs and deferred expenses are charged to amortization
expense when the associated leased equipment is sold.
Long-Lived Assets
Depreciation
on equipment for financial statement purposes is based on the
straight-line method estimated generally over useful lives of two
to five years. Once an asset comes off lease or is released, the
Partnership reassesses the useful life of an asset.
The
Partnership evaluates its long-lived assets when events or
circumstances indicate that the value of the asset may not be
recoverable. The Partnership determines whether impairment exists
by estimating the undiscounted cash flows to be generated by each
asset. If the estimated undiscounted cash flows are less than the
carrying value of the asset then impairment exists. The amount of
the impairment is determined based on the difference between the
carrying value and the fair value. Fair value is determined based
on estimated discounted cash flows to be generated by the asset,
third party appraisals or comparable sales of similar assets, as
applicable, based on asset type.
Residual
values are determined by management and are calculated using
information from both internal and external sources, as well as
other economic indicators.
F11
Reimbursable Expenses
Reimbursable
expenses are comprised of both ongoing operational expenses and
fees associated with the allocation of salaries and benefits,
referred to as other LP (“other LP”) expenses. For the
year ended December 31, 2020, the General Partner waived certain
reimbursable expenses charged to the Partnership by CCC in
connection with the administration and operation of the
Partnership. CCC is not reimbursed for salary and benefit costs of
control persons. Reimbursable expenses, which are charged to us by
CCC in connection with our administration and operation, are
allocated to us based upon several factors including, but not
limited to, the number of investors, leasing volume and stage of
the program. For example, if one partnership has more investors
than another program sponsored by CCC, then higher amounts of
expenses related to investor services, mailing and printing costs
will be allocated to that partnership. Also, while a partnership is
in its offering stage, higher compliance costs are allocated to it
than to a program not in its offering stage, as compliance
resources are utilized to review incoming investor suitability and
proper documentation. Finally, lease related expenses, such as due
diligence, correspondence, collection efforts and analysis staff
costs, increase as programs purchase more leases, and decrease as
leases terminate and equipment is sold. All of these factors
contribute to CCC’s determination as to the amount of
expenses to allocate to us or to other sponsored programs. CCC is
not reimbursed for salary and benefit costs of control persons.
For the Partnership, all reimbursable items are expensed as
they are incurred.
Forgiveness of Related Party Payables
In
accordance with ASC Topic 470-50 Debt Modifications and Extinguishments,
the Partnership accounts for forgiveness of related party payables
as Partners’ capital transactions.
Lease Income Receivable
Lease
income receivable includes current lease income receivable net of
allowances for uncollectible accounts, if any. The Partnership
monitors lease income receivable to ensure timely and accurate
payment by lessees. Its Lease Relations department is responsible
for monitoring lease income receivable and, as necessary, resolving
outstanding invoices. Lease revenue is recognized on a monthly
straight-line basis which is in accordance with the terms of the
lease agreement.
The
Partnership reviews a customer’s credit history before
extending credit. When the analysis indicates that the probability
of full collection is unlikely, the Partnership may establish an
allowance for uncollectible lease income receivable based upon the
credit risk of specific customers, historical trends and other
information. The Partnership writes off its lease income receivable
when it determines that it is uncollectible and all economically
sensible means of recovery have been exhausted.
F12
Cash and cash equivalents
We
consider cash and cash equivalents to be cash on hand and highly
liquid investments with the original maturity dates of 90 days or
less.
At
December 31, 2020, cash was held in a bank account maintained at
one financial institution with a balance of approximately $35,000.
Bank accounts are federally insured up to $250,000 by the FDIC. At
December 31, 2020 and 2019, the total cash bank balance was
approximately as follows:
Balance at December
31
|
2020
|
2019
|
Total bank
balance
|
$35,000
|
$7,000
|
FDIC
insured
|
(35,000)
|
(7,000)
|
Uninsured
amount
|
$-
|
$-
|
The
Partnership’s bank balances are fully insured by the FDIC.
The Partnership deposits its funds with a Moody's AAA-Rated banking
institution which is one of only three AAA-Rated banks listed on
the New York Stock Exchange. The Partnership has not experienced
any losses in such accounts, and believes it is not exposed to any
significant credit risk. The amount in such accounts will fluctuate
throughout 2021 due to many factors, including cash receipts,
equipment acquisitions, interest rates, and distribution to limited
partners.
Income Taxes
Pursuant
to the provisions of Section 701 of the Internal Revenue Code, the
Partnership is not subject to federal or state income taxes. All
income and losses of the Partnership are the liability of the
individual partners and are allocated to the partners for inclusion
in their individual tax returns. The Partnership does not have any
entity-level uncertain tax positions. In addition, the Partnership
believes its tax status as a pass-through entity would be sustained
under U.S. Federal, state or local tax examination. The Partnership
files U.S. federal and various state income tax returns and is
generally subject to examination by federal, state and local income
tax authorities for three years from the filing of a tax
return.
Taxable
income differs from financial statement net income as a result of
reporting certain income and expense items for tax purposes in
periods other than those used for financial statement purposes,
principally relating to depreciation, amortization, and lease
revenue.
Net Loss Per Equivalent Limited Partnership Unit
The net
loss per equivalent limited partnership unit is computed based upon
net income allocated to the limited partners and the weighted
average number of equivalent units outstanding during the
period.
F13
3. Information Technology, Medical Technology, Telecommunications
Technology, Inventory Management Equipment and other
Business-Essential Capital Equipment
(“Equipment”)
The
Partnership is the lessor of equipment under operating leases with
periods that generally will range from 12 to 48 months. In general,
associated costs such as repairs and maintenance, insurance and
property taxes are paid by the lessee.
Gains from the termination of leases are recognized when the lease
is modified and terminated concurrently. There were no gains from
lease terminations included in lease revenue for the years
ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
CCC, on behalf of the Partnership and on behalf of other affiliated
companies and partnerships (“partnerships”), acquires
equipment subject to associated debt obligations and lease
agreements and allocates a participation in the cost, debt and
lease revenue to the various companies based on certain risk
factors.
The
Partnership’s share of the cost of the equipment in which it
participates with other partnerships at December 31, 2020 was
approximately $2,069,000 and is included in the Partnership’s
equipment on its balance sheet. The total cost of the equipment
shared by the Partnership with other partnerships at December 31,
2020 was approximately $8,586,000. The Partnership’s share of
the outstanding debt associated with this equipment at December 31,
2020 was approximately $5,000 and is included in the
Partnership’s notes payable on its balance sheet. The total
outstanding debt related to the equipment shared by the Partnership
at December 31, 2020 was approximately $152,000.
The
Partnership’s share of the cost of the equipment in which it
participates with other partnerships at December 31, 2019 was
approximately $2,213,000 and is included in the Partnership’s
equipment on its balance sheet. The total cost of the equipment
shared by the Partnership with other partnerships at December 31,
2019 was approximately $8,873,000. The Partnership’s share of
the outstanding debt associated with this equipment at December 31,
2019 was approximately $51,000 and is included in the
Partnership’s notes payable on its balance sheet. The total
outstanding debt related to the equipment shared by the Partnership
at December 31, 2019 was approximately $798,000.
As the
Partnership and the other programs managed by the General Partner
continue to acquire new equipment for the portfolio, opportunities
for shared participation are expected to continue. Sharing in the
acquisition of a lease portfolio gives the fund an opportunity to
acquire additional assets and revenue streams, while allowing the
fund to remain diversified and reducing its overall risk with
respect to one portfolio.
The
following is a schedule of approximate future minimum rentals on
operating leases:
Years Ended December
31,
|
Amount
|
Year ending
December 31, 2021
|
$90,500
|
Year ending
December 31, 2022
|
25,000
|
Year ending
December 31, 2023
|
23,500
|
Year ending
December 31, 2024
|
21,000
|
Year ending
December 31, 2025
|
9,000
|
|
$169,000
|
F14
Finance Leases
The following lists the approximate components of the net
investment in finance leases:
At December 31,
|
2020
|
2019
|
Carrying value of
lease receivable
|
$-
|
$6,000
|
Estimated residual
value of leased equipment (unguaranteed)
|
-
|
2,000
|
Net investment in
finance leases
|
$-
|
$8,000
|
We
assess credit risk for all of our customers, including those that
lease under finance leases. This credit risk is assessed using an
internally developed model which incorporates credit scores from
third party providers and our own customer risk ratings and is
periodically reviewed. Our internal ratings are weighted based on
the industry that the customer operates in. Factors taken into
consideration when assessing risk includes both general and
industry specific qualitative and quantitative metrics. We
separately take in to consideration payment history, open lawsuits,
liens and judgments. Typically, we will not extend credit to a
company that has been in business for less than 5 years or that has
filed for bankruptcy within the same period. Our internally based
model may classify a company as high risk based on our analysis of
their audited financial statements. Additional considerations of
high risk may include history of late payments, open lawsuits and
liens or judgments. In an effort to mitigate risk, we typically
require deposits from those in this category.
A
reserve for credit losses is deemed necessary when payment has not
been received for one or more months of receivables due on the
equipment held under finance leases. At the end of each period,
management evaluates the open receivables due on this equipment and
determines the need for a reserve based on payment history and any
current factors that would have an impact on payments.
The
following table presents the credit risk profile, by
creditworthiness category, of our finance lease receivables at
December 31, 2020:
|
Percent of Total
|
|
Risk Level
|
2020
|
2019
|
Low
|
-%
|
-%
|
Moderate-Low
|
-%
|
-%
|
Moderate
|
-%
|
-%
|
Moderate-High
|
-%
|
100%
|
High
|
-%
|
-%
|
Net Finance lease receivable
|
-%
|
100%
|
As of
the year ended December 31, 2020 we determined that we did not have
a need for an allowance for uncollectible accounts associated with
any of our finance leases, as the customer payment histories with
us, associated with these leases, has been positive.
F15
4. Significant Customers
Lessees
equal to or exceeding 10% of lease revenue:
Years Ended December 31,
|
2020
|
2019
|
Alliant
Techsystems, Inc.
|
32%
|
21%
|
Automatic
Data Processing
|
21%
|
12%
|
L-3
Communications
|
18%
|
10%
|
Vista
Outdoor Inc.
|
12%
|
**%
|
Cummins,
Inc.
|
12%
|
42%
|
** Represents less than 10% of lease revenue
Lessees
equal to or exceeding 10% of net lease income
receivable:
At December 31,
|
2020
|
2019
|
Automatic
Data Processing.
|
46%
|
**%
|
Alliant
Techsystems, Inc.
|
31%
|
**%
|
Cummins,
Inc.
|
**%
|
96%
|
** Represents less than 10% of lease revenue
F16
5. Related Party Transactions
Receivables/Payables
As of
December 31, 2020, and 2019, the Company’s related party
receivables and payables are short term, unsecured and non-interest
bearing. Effective April 2, 2020, CCC agreed to convert
approximately $169,000 of the December 31, 2019 related party
payables from due on demand to long term. Such payables won't be
due until sometime after April 16, 2021. The purpose of this was to
help the Partnership with preserving liquidity.
ENTITY
RECEIVING
COMPENSATION
|
TYPE OF COMPENSATION
|
AMOUNT
INCURRED
DURING 2020
|
AMOUNT
INCURRED
DURING
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
OPERATIONAL
AND SALE OR LIQUIDATION STAGES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The General Partner
and its Affiliates
|
Reimbursable Expenses. The General
Partner and its affiliates are entitled to reimbursement by the
Partnership for the cost of goods, supplies or services obtained
and used by the General Partner in connection with the
administration and operation of the Partnership from third parties
unaffiliated with the General Partner. In addition, the General
Partner and its affiliates are entitled to reimbursement of certain
expenses incurred by the General Partner and its affiliates in
connection with the administration and operation of the
Partnership, not including costs of the control persons, as defined
in Item 10. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the
Partnership was charged $130,000 and $30,000 in Other LP
expense.
|
$272,000
|
$100,000
|
The General
Partner
|
Equipment Acquisition Fee. The General
Partner earned an equipment acquisition fee of 4% of the purchase
price of each item of equipment purchased as compensation for the
negotiation of the acquisition of the equipment and lease thereof
or sale under a conditional sales contract. For both years ended
December 31, 2020 and 2019, approximately $5,000 and $0 of
acquisition fees related to operating leases and finance leases
were waived by the General Partner respectively.
|
$-
|
$-
|
The General
Partner
|
Debt Placement Fee. As compensation for
arranging term debt to finance our acquisition of equipment, we
will pay the general partner a fee equal to one percent of such
indebtedness; provided, however, that such fee shall be reduced to
the extent we incur such fees to third parties unaffiliated with
the general partner or the lender with respect to such
indebtedness. No such fee will be paid with respect to borrowings
from the general partner or its affiliates. We intend to initially
acquire leases on an all cash basis with the proceeds of this
offering, but may borrow funds after the offering proceeds have
been invested. The amount we borrow, and therefore the amount of
the fee, will depend upon interest rates at the time of a loan, and
the amount of leverage we determine is appropriate at the time. We
do not intend to use more than 30% leverage overall in our
portfolio. Fees will increase as the amount of leverage we use
increases, and as turnover in the portfolio increases and
additional equipment is purchased using leverage. During the years
ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the General Partner earned but
waived approximately $200 and $0 of debt placement fees,
respectively.
|
$-
|
$-
|
The General
Partner
|
Equipment Management Fee. The General
Partner is entitled to be paid for managing the equipment portfolio
a monthly fee equal to the lesser of (i) the fees which would be
charged by an independent third party for similar services for
similar equipment or (ii) the sum of (a) two percent of (1) the
gross lease revenues attributable to equipment which is subject to
full payout net leases which contain net lease provisions plus (2)
the purchase price paid on conditional sales contracts as received
by the Partnership and (b) 5% of the gross lease revenues
attributable to equipment which is subject to operating leases. In
an effort to increase future cash flow for the fund our General
Partner had elected to reduce the percentage of equipment
management fees paid to it from 5% to 2.5% of the gross lease
revenues attributable to equipment which is subject to operating
leases. The reduction was effective beginning in July 2010 and
remained in effect for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the General
Partner earned but waived approximately $14,000 and $25,000 of
equipment management fees, respectively.
|
$-
|
$-
|
The General
Partner
|
Equipment Liquidation Fee. With respect
to each item of equipment sold by the General Partner (other than
in connection with a conditional sales contract), a fee equal to
the lesser of (i) 50% of the competitive equipment sale commission
or (ii) three percent of the sales price for such equipment is
payable to the General Partner. The payment of such fee is
subordinated to the receipt by the limited partners of (i) a return
of their net capital contributions and a 10% per annum cumulative
return, compounded daily, on adjusted capital contributions and
(ii) the net disposition proceeds from such sale in accordance with
the Partnership Agreement. Such fee will be reduced to the extent
any liquidation or resale fees are paid to unaffiliated parties.
During both years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the General
Partner earned but waived approximately $5,000 and $0 of equipment
liquidation fees, respectively.
|
$-
|
$-
|
The General
Partner
|
Partnership
Interest. The General Partner
has a present and continuing one percent interest of $1,000 in the
Partnership’s item of income, gain, loss, deduction, credit,
and tax preference. In addition, the General Partner receives one
percent of cash available for distribution until the Limited
Partners have received distributions of cash available for
Distribution equal to their capital contributions plus the 10%
cumulative return and thereafter, the General Partner will receive
10% of cash available for distribution.
|
$-
|
$-
|
F17
6. Notes Payable
Notes payable consisted of the following approximate
amounts:
At December 31,
|
2020
|
2019
|
Installment
note payable to bank; interest at 4.87% due in quarterly
installments of $11,897, including interest, with final payment in
January 2020
|
-
|
12,000
|
Installment
note payable to bank; interest at 5.56% due in monthly installments
of $2,925, including interest, with final payment in June
2020
|
-
|
17,000
|
Installment
note payable to bank; interest at 4.87% due in monthly installments
of $1,902, including interest, with final payment in July
2020
|
-
|
6,000
|
Installment
note payable to bank; interest at 6.28% due in quarterly
installments of $722, including interest, with final payment in
September 2020
|
-
|
3,000
|
Installment
note payable to bank; interest at 5.75% due in monthly installments
of $857, including interest, with final payment in November
2020
|
-
|
9,000
|
Installment
note payable to bank; interest at 5.31% due in quarterly
installments of $4,618, including interest, with final payment in
January 2021
|
5,000
|
22,000
|
Installment
note payable to bank; interest at 4.70% due in monthly installments
of $1,360, including interest, with final payment in February
2021
|
3,000
|
18,000
|
Installment
note payable to bank; interest at 5.00% due in monthly installments
of $452, including interest, with final payment in November
2024
|
19,000
|
-
|
|
$27,000
|
$87,000
|
The
notes are secured by specific technology equipment with a carrying
value of approximately $49,000 and are nonrecourse liabilities of
the Partnership. As such, the notes do not contain any financial
debt covenants with which we must comply on either an annual or
quarterly basis. Aggregate approximate payments of notes payable
for each of the periods subsequent to December 31, 2020 are as
follows:
Years Ended December
31,
|
Amount
|
2021
|
$12,000
|
2022
|
5,000
|
2023
|
5,000
|
2024
|
5,000
|
|
$27,000
|
F18
7. Supplemental Cash Flow Information
No
interest or principal on notes payable was paid by the Partnership
during 2020 and 2019 because direct payment was made by lessee to
the bank in lieu of collection of lease income and payment of
interest and principal by the Partnership.
During
the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Partnership wrote-off fully depreciated
equipment of approximately $0 and $0,
respectively.
8. Commitments and Contingencies
FINRA
On May 3, 2013, the FINRA Department of Enforcement filed a
complaint naming Commonwealth Capital Securities Corp.
(“CCSC”) and the owner of the firm, Kimberly
Springsteen-Abbott, as respondents; however, on October 22, 2013,
FINRA filed an amended complaint that dropped the allegations
against CCSC and reduced the scope of the allegations against Ms.
Springsteen-Abbott. The sole remaining charge was that Ms.
Springsteen-Abbott had approved the misallocation of some expenses
to certain Funds. Management believes that the expenses at
issue include amounts that were proper and that were properly
allocated to Funds, and also identified a smaller number of
expenses that had been allocated in error, but were adjusted and
repaid to the affected Funds when they were identified in
2012. During the period in question, Commonwealth Capital
Corp. (“CCC”) and Ms. Springsteen-Abbott provided
important financial support to the Funds, voluntarily absorbed
expenses and voluntarily waived fees in amounts aggregating in
excess of any questioned allocations. A Hearing Panel ruled
on March 30, 2015, that Ms. Springsteen-Abbott should be barred
from the securities industry because the Panel concluded that she
allegedly misallocated approximately $208,000 of expenses involving
certain Funds over the course of three years. As such,
management had already reallocated back approximately
$151,225 of the $208,000 (in allegedly misallocated expenses)
to the affected funds, which was fully documented, as good faith
payments for the benefit of those Income Funds.
The decision of the Hearing Panel was stayed when it was appealed
to FINRA's National Adjudicatory Council (the “NAC”)
pursuant to FINRA Rule 9311. The NAC issued a decision that
upheld the lower panel’s ruling and the bar took effect on
August 23, 2016. Ms. Springsteen-Abbott appealed the
NAC’s decision to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
(the “SEC”). On March 31, 2017, the SEC
criticized that decision as so flawed that the SEC could not even
review it, and remanded the matter back to FINRA for further
consideration consistent with the SEC’s remand, but did not
suggest any view as to a particular outcome.
On July 21, 2017, FINRA reduced the list of 1,840 items totaling
$208,000 to a remaining list of 87 items totaling $36,226 (which
includes approximately $30,000 of continuing education expenses for
personnel providing services to the Funds), and reduced the
proposed fine from $100,000 to $50,000, but reaffirmed its position
on the bar from the securities industry. Respondents promptly
appealed FINRA’s revised ruling to the SEC. All the
requested or allowed briefs have been filed with the SEC. The
SEC upheld FINRA’s order on February 7, 2020 to bar, but
eliminated FINRA’s proposed fine. Ms.
Springsteen-Abbott has filed a Petition for Review in the United
States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit to
review a final order entered against her by the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission. On February 26, 2021 the United States
Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit dismissed in
part and denied in part Ms. Springsteen-Abbott’s petition;
however, given the SEC’s prior removal FINRA’s fine
Management anticipates the ruling will not result in any material
adverse financial impact to the Funds.
F19
9.
|
Reconciliation of Amounts Reported for Financial Reporting Purposes
to Amounts on the Federal Partnership Return
(Unaudited)
|
The tax
basis of the Partnership’s net assets and liabilities vary
from the amounts presented in these financial statements at
December 31, 2020 and 2019 as follows:
Years Ended December 31,
|
2020
|
2019
|
Tax basis of net
assets (unaudited)
|
$310,522
|
$520,398
|
Financial statement
basis of net assets
|
(94,974)
|
43,932
|
Difference (unaudited)
|
$405,496
|
$476,466
|
The
primary differences between the tax basis of net assets and the
amounts recorded in the financial statements are the result of
differences in accounting for impairment losses, syndication costs
and differences between the depreciation methods used in the
financial statements and the Partnership’s tax returns
(unaudited).
Years Ended December 31,
|
2020
|
2019
|
Net
(loss) income for financial reporting purposes to taxable (loss)
income
|
$(138,906)
|
$57,111
|
(Loss) gain on sale
of equipment
|
(16,301)
|
7,113
|
Depreciation
|
(15,194)
|
166,940
|
Unearned lease
income
|
(4,117)
|
(14,270)
|
Penalties
|
300
|
1,410
|
Bad (recovery)
expense
|
(66,232)
|
65,538
|
*Other
|
40,296
|
2,919
|
Taxable
(loss) income on the Federal Partnership return
(unaudited)
|
$(200,154)
|
$286,761
|
*Other-
includes financial statement adjustments that will be reflected on
the tax return in the subsequent year.
Adjustment
or loss on sale of equipment is due to longer useful lives for tax
reporting purposes.
F20
10. Subsequent Events
COVID-19 Pandemic
The
amount of revenue recognized and the pattern of revenue recognition
may be impacted by COVID-19. Some of the business sectors that
we service such as education centers, medical facilities, payroll
administrators, manufacturing and transportation, we may need to
account for returns and refund liabilities. The pattern of revenue
recognition may change for delays in rendering
services.
In
periods ended subsequent to the outbreak of COVID-19, the
impact on expected credit losses and future cash flow projections
used in impairment testing will need to be considered.
The
Company continues to evaluate whether adjustments to the financial
statements are required or whether additional disclosures are
necessary. In our leasing business, the Company is always subject
to credit losses as it relates to a customer’s ability to
make timely rental payments. The impact of COVID-19 may contribute
to risk of non-performance, where a customer may experience
financial difficulty and may delay in making timely
payments.
The
Company recognizes impairment of receivables and loans when losses
are incurred, which is when it is probable that an entity will be
unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual
terms of the arrangement. Impairment is measured based on the
present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the
receivable’s or loans effective interest rate, except that,
as a practical expedient, impairment can be measured based on a
receivable’s or loans’ observable market price or the
fair value of the underlying collateral.
The
Company believes its estimate of expected losses have been
recognized based on historical experience, current conditions, and
reasonable forecasts. The impacts of COVID-19 may necessitate
additional adjustments in future forecasts of expected
losses.
Although
the Partnership cannot estimate the length or gravity of the impact
of the COVID-19 outbreak at this time, if the pandemic continues,
it may have a material adverse effect on the Partnership results of
future operations, financial position, and liquidity in fiscal year
2021 and beyond.
F21