CYANOTECH CORP - FORM 10-Q - February 11, 2020

Attached files

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EX-99.1 - EXHIBIT 99.1 - CYANOTECH CORP	ex_170637.htm
EX-32 - EXHIBIT 32 - CYANOTECH CORP	ex_170636.htm
EX-31.2 - EXHIBIT 31.2 - CYANOTECH CORP	ex_170635.htm
EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - CYANOTECH CORP	ex_170634.htm

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒

Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For Quarterly Period Ended December 31, 2019

☐

Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the Transition Period From to

Commission File Number 0-14602

CYANOTECH CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

NEVADA	91-1206026
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(IRS Employer Identification Number)

73-4460 Queen Kaahumanu Hwy. #102, Kailua-Kona, HI 96740

(Address of principal executive offices)

(808) 326-1353

(Registrant’s telephone number)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.02 par value per share	CYAN	NASDAQ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act of 1934 during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ☐		Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐		Smaller reporting company ☒
		Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of February 6, 2020, the number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock was 5,929,479.

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Report and other presentations made by Cyanotech Corporation (“CYAN”) and its subsidiary contain “forward-looking statements,” which include statements that are predictive in nature, depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, and usually include words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plan,” “believes,” “predicts”, “estimates” or similar expressions. In addition, any statement concerning future financial performance, ongoing business strategies or prospects and possible future actions are also forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are based upon current expectations and projections about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties and the accuracy of assumptions concerning CYAN and its subsidiary (collectively, the “Company”), the performance of the industry in which CYAN does business, and economic and market factors, among other things. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of the Report, presentation or filing in which they are made. Except to the extent required by the Federal Securities Laws, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Our forward-looking statements in this Report include, but are not limited to:

●

Statements relating to our business strategy;

●

Statements relating to our business objectives; and

●

Expectations concerning future operations, profitability, liquidity and financial resources.

These forward-looking statements are subject to risk, uncertainties and assumptions about us and our operations that are subject to change based on various important factors, some of which are beyond our control, including those factors described in Item 2 of Part I of this quarterly report and in Item 1A of Part I of the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K filed on July 1, 2019. Additionally, the following factors, among others, could cause our financial performance to differ significantly from the goals, plans, objectives, intentions and expectations expressed in our forward-looking statements:

●

The added risks associated with or attributed to the current local, national and world economic conditions, including but not limited to, the volatility of crude oil prices, inflation and currency fluctuations;

●

Access to available and reasonable financing on a timely basis;

●

The Company’s inability to generate enough revenues to meet its obligations or repay maturing indebtedness;

●

Failure of capital projects to operate as expected or meet expected results;

It is not possible to predict or identify all potential risks and uncertainties and the above referenced factors and list do not comprise a complete list of all potential risks and uncertainties. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in any forward-looking statement contained in this report. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report and are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements included in or incorporated by reference into this report. Except as is required by law, the Company expressly disclaims any obligation to publicly release any revisions to forward-looking statements to reflect events after the date of this report. Throughout this report, Cyanotech Corporation, together with its subsidiary, are referred to as “the Company.”

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CYANOTECH CORPORATION

FORM 10-Q

INDEX

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements	4
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019 (unaudited)	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)	7
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	8
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	25

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	27
Item 1A	Risk Factors	27
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	27
Item 3.	Defaults upon Senior Securities	27
Item 5.	Other Information	27
Item 6.	Exhibits	28

SIGNATURES		29

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

CYANOTECH CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	December 31, 2019			March 31, 2019
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash	$	1,609		$	840
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $13 at December 31, 2019 and $27 at March 31, 2019		1,581			1,982
Inventories, net		11,206			11,274
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		424			496
Total current assets		14,820			14,592

Equipment and leasehold improvements, net		13,474			14,752
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		3,909			—
Other assets		234			282
Total assets	$	32,437		$	29,626

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	2,700		$	4,922
Accrued expenses		901			992
Customer deposits		409			626
Operating lease obligations, current portion		311			—
Short-term contract obligation		38			285
Line of credit		2,000			2,000
Current maturities of long-term debt		700			663
Total current liabilities		7,059			9,488

Long-term debt, less current maturities		6,172			5,172
Long-term operating lease obligations		3,603			—
Other long-term liabilities		57			57
Total liabilities		16,891			14,717

Commitments and contingencies

Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock of $0.01 par value, authorized 10,000,000 shares; no shares issued and outstanding		—			—
Common stock of $0.02 par value, authorized 50,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 5,925,717 shares at December 31, 2019 and 5,879,710 shares at March 31, 2019		118			117
Additional paid-in capital		32,817			32,447
Accumulated deficit		(17,389	)		(17,655	)
Total stockholders’ equity		15,546			14,909
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	32,437		$	29,626

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

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CYANOTECH CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended December 31,						Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2019			2018

Net sales	$	7,504		$	10,044		$	23,265		$	24,143
Cost of sales		4,627			5,928			13,650			15,906
Gross profit		2,877			4,116			9,615			8,237

Operating expenses:
General and administrative		958			1,337			4,146			4,190
Sales and marketing		1,406			2,068			4,157			5,088
Research and development		146			216			487			635
Total operating expenses		2,510			3,621			8,790			9,913

Income (loss) from operations		367			495			825			(1,676	)

Interest expense, net		(164	)		(134	)		(530	)		(414	)

Income (loss) before income taxes		203			361			295			(2,090	)

Income tax expense		32			73			29			33

Net income (loss)	$	171		$	288		$	266		$	(2,123	)

Net income (loss) per share:
Basic	$	0.03		$	0.05		$	0.04		$	(0.37	)
Diluted	$	0.03		$	0.05		$	0.04		$	(0.37	)

Shares used in calculation of net income (loss) per share:
Basic		5,957			5,836			5,946			5,809
Diluted		5,962			5,862			5,949			5,809

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

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CYANOTECH CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

Three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

	Common Stock Shares		Common Stock Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders’ Equity
	(in thousands, except per share data)
Balances at September 30, 2019		5,913,421	$	118	$	32,786	$	(17,560	)	$	15,344
Settlement agreement with former executive		12,296		—		—		—			—
Share-based compensation expense		—		—		31		—			31
Net income		—		—		—		171			171
Balances at December 31, 2019		5,925,717	$	118	$	32,817	$	(17,389	)	$	15,546

Balances at September 30, 2018		5,836,110	$	117	$	32,280	$	(16,470	)	$	15,927
Share-based compensation expense		—		—		38		—			38
Net income		—		—		—		288			288
Balances at December 31, 2018		5,836,110	$	117	$	32,318	$	(16,182	)	$	16,253

Nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

	Common Stock Shares			Common Stock Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders’ Equity
	(in thousands, except per share data)
Balances at March 31, 2019		5,879,710		$	117	$	32,447		$	(17,655	)	$	14,909
Issuance of common stock for exercise of stock options for cash		2,112			—		4			—			4
Issuance of vested shares of restricted stock		22,502			1		(26	)		—			(25	)
Shares withheld for tax payments		(7,685	)		—		—			—			—
Settlement agreement with former executive		29,078			—		320			—			320
Share-based compensation expense		—			—		72			—			72
Net income		—			—		—			266			266
Balances at December 31, 2019		5,925,717		$	118	$	32,817		$	(17,389	)	$	15,546

Balances at March 31, 2018		5,772,032		$	115	$	32,051		$	(14,059	)	$	18,107
Issuance of common stock for director stock grants		47,223			1		169			—			170
Issuance of common stock for exercise of stock options for cash		6,000			1		18			—			19
Issuance of vested shares of restricted stock		16,003			—		(32	)		—			(32	)
Shares withheld for tax payments		(5,148	)		—		—			—			—
Share-based compensation expense		—			—		112			—			112
Net loss		—			—		—			(2,123	)		(2,123	)
Balances at December 31, 2018		5,836,110		$	117	$	32,318		$	(16,182	)	$	16,253

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

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CYANOTECH CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Dollars in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)	$	266		$	(2,123	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		1,458			1,421
Amortization of debt issue costs and other assets		51			57
Amortization of operating leases right-of-use assets		219			—
Share-based compensation expense		392			282
Net (increase) decrease in assets:
Accounts receivable		401			781
Inventories		68			(1,078	)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		93			(84	)
Net increase (decrease) in liabilities:
Accounts payable		(2,222	)		528
Accrued expenses		(91	)		181
Customer deposits		(217	)		39
Operating lease obligations		(214	)		—
Deferred rent and other liabilities		—			(46	)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		204			(42	)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Investment in equipment and leasehold improvements		(180	)		(375	)
Cash paid to acquire Cellana assets		—			(100	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(180	)		(475	)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Payments on short-term contract obligation		(247	)		(63	)
Net draws on line of credit		—			1,250
Proceeds from long-term debt - related party		1,500			—
Principal payments on long-term debt		(443	)		(429	)
Payments on finance leases		(44	)		(49	)
Shares withheld for tax payments		(25	)		(32	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		4			19
Net cash provided by financing activities		745			696
Net increase in cash		769			179
Cash and restricted cash at beginning of period		840			1,394
Cash and restricted cash at end of period	$	1,609		$	1,573

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	499		$	358
Income taxes	$	—		$	17
Non-cash financing activities:
Purchase of Cellana assets	$	—		$	495
Less: Issuance of short-term contract obligation		—			(395	)
Cash paid to acquire Cellana assets	$	—		$	100

RECONCILIATION OF CASH AND RESTRICTED CASH AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD:
Cash	$	840		$	1,329
Restricted cash		—			65
Total cash and restricted cash at beginning of period	$	840		$	1,394

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

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CYANOTECH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

December 31, 2019

(Unaudited)

1.	ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Cyanotech Corporation (the “Company”), located in Kailua-Kona, Hawaii, was incorporated in the state of Nevada on March 3, 1983 and is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “CYAN”. The Company is engaged in the production of natural products derived from microalgae for the nutritional supplements market.

The Company is an agricultural company that produces high value natural products derived from microalgae grown in complex and intricate open-pond agricultural systems on the Kona coast of Hawaii. The Company's products include Hawaiian Spirulina Pacifica, a superfood with numerous benefits, including boosting the immune system and overall cellular health; and Hawaiian BioAstin, a powerful antioxidant shown to support and maintain the body's natural inflammatory response.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments and accruals) necessary to present fairly the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the periods presented in accordance with GAAP.

Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements. These condensed consolidated financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2019, contained in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on July 1, 2019.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had cash of $1,609,000 and working capital of $7,761,000 compared to $840,000 and $5,104,000, respectively, at March 31, 2019. In April 2019, the Company obtained an unsecured subordinated loan in the amount of $1,500,000 from a related party (see Notes 6 and 13). On August 30, 2016, the Revolving Credit Agreement (the Credit Agreement), which the Company entered into with First Foundation Bank (the Bank) on June 3, 2016, became effective. The Credit Agreement allows us to borrow up to $2,000,000 on a revolving basis. At December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, the Company had outstanding borrowings of $2,000,000 on the line of credit. The line of credit is subject to renewal on August 30, 2020 and the Company intends to renew or replace it with another line of credit on or before the expiration date.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had $5,410,000 in long-term debt (Term Loans) payable to the Bank that require the payment of principal and interest monthly through August 2032. Pursuant to the Term Loans and the Credit Agreement, the Company is subject to annual financial covenants, customary affirmative and negative covenants and certain subjective acceleration clauses. As of March 31, 2019, the Company’s debt service coverage ratio of -0.66:1 fell short of the Bank's annual requirement of 1.25:1. Additionally, on March 31, 2019, the Company’s current ratio of 1.49:1 fell short of the Bank’s annual requirement of 1.50:1. On June 17, 2019, the Bank provided the Company with a letter waiving the covenant violations as of March 31, 2019, but noting that the Bank reserved its rights to declare a default in the future if any covenants remain out of compliance at applicable measurement dates.

Funds generated by operating activities and available cash are expected to continue to be the Company’s most significant sources of liquidity for working capital requirements, debt service and funding of maintenance levels of capital expenditures. In fiscal year 2020, the Company has undertaken strategic cost cutting, including the elimination of positions through attrition and the elimination of open positions to create a leaner organization.

Based upon the Company’s operating plan and related cash flow and financial projections, cash flows expected to be generated by operating activities and available financing are expected to be sufficient to fund its operations through at least December 31, 2020, and its debt service coverage ratio and current ratio covenants are expected to be in compliance with the annual Term Loans and Credit Agreement covenant requirements as of March 31, 2020, the next measurement date. However, no assurances can be provided that the Company will achieve its operating plan and cash flow projections for the next fiscal years or its projected consolidated financial position as of March 31, 2020. Such estimates are subject to change based on future results and such change could cause future results to vary significantly from expected results.

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2.	SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cyanotech Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary, Nutrex Hawaii, Inc. (“Nutrex Hawaii” or “Nutrex”, collectively the “Company”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosures of any contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods reported. Management reviews these estimates and assumptions periodically and reflects the effect of revisions in the period that they are determined to be necessary. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.

Cash and Restricted Cash

Cash primarily consists of cash on hand and cash in bank deposits. Proceeds from equipment loans are classified as restricted cash until drawn upon. There was no restricted cash as of December 31, 2019 or March 31, 2019.

Concentration Risk

A significant portion of revenue and accounts receivable are derived from a few major customers. For the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, two customers accounted for 33% and 17%, and 35% and 31%, respectively, of the Company’s net sales. For the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, two customers accounted for 36% and 17%, and 35% and 27%, respectively, of the Company’s net sales. At December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, three customers accounted for 76% and 60%, respectively, of the Company’s accounts receivable balance.

Revenue Recognition

The Company records revenue based on the five-step model which includes: (1) identifying the contract with the customer; (2) identifying the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determining the transaction price; (4) allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (5) recognizing revenue when the performance obligations are satisfied. Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is generated by fulfilling orders for the purchase of our microalgal nutritional supplements to retailers, wholesalers, or direct to consumers via online channels, with each order considered to be a distinct performance obligation. These orders may be formal purchase orders, verbal phone orders, e-mail orders or orders received online. Shipping and handling activities for which the Company is responsible under the terms and conditions of the order are not accounted for as performance obligations but as fulfillment costs. These activities are required to fulfill the Company’s promise to transfer the goods and are expensed when revenue is recognized.

Revenue is measured as the net amount of consideration expected to be received in exchange for fulfilling a performance obligation. The Company has elected to exclude sales, use and similar taxes from the measurement of the transaction price. The amount of consideration expected to be received and revenue recognized includes estimates of variable consideration, which includes costs for trade promotion programs, coupons, returns and early payment discounts. Such estimates are calculated using historical averages adjusted for any expected changes due to current business conditions and experience. The Company reviews and updates these estimates at the end of each reporting period and the impact of any adjustments are recognized in the period the adjustments are identified. In assessing whether collection of consideration from a customer is probable, the Company considers the customer's ability and intent to pay that amount of consideration when it is due. Payment of invoices is due as specified in the underlying customer agreement, typically 30 days from the invoice date, which occurs on the date of transfer of control of the products to the customer. Revenue is recognized at the point in time that control of the ordered products is transferred to the customer. Generally, this occurs when the product is delivered, or in some cases, picked up from one of our distribution centers by the customer. Revenue from extraction services is recognized when control is transferred upon completion of the extraction process.

Customer contract liabilities consist of customer deposits received in advance of fulfilling an order and are shown separately on the consolidated balance sheets. During the three month periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized $33,000 and $0, respectively, of revenue from deposits that were included in contract liabilities as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. During the nine month periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized $550,000 and $114,000, respectively, of revenue from deposits that were included in contract liabilities as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company’s contracts have a duration of one year or less and therefore, the Company has elected the practical expedient of not disclosing revenues allocated to partially unsatisfied performance obligations.

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Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table represents revenue disaggregated by major product line and extraction services for the:

($ in thousands)	Three Months Ended December 31, 2019		Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
Packaged sales
Astaxanthin packaged	$	4,513	$	6,012
Spirulina packaged		1,878		3,212
Total packaged sales		6,391		9,224

Bulk sales
Astaxanthin bulk		377		229
Spirulina bulk		613		533
Total bulk sales		990		762

Contract extraction revenue		123		58
Total net sales	$	7,504	$	10,044

($ in thousands)	Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019		Nine Months Ended December 31, 2018
Packaged sales
Astaxanthin packaged	$	13,870	$	15,388
Spirulina packaged		5,523		6,208
Total packaged sales		19,393		21,596

Bulk sales
Astaxanthin bulk		879		823
Spirulina bulk		2,590		1,663
Total bulk sales		3,469		2,486

Contract extraction revenue		403		61
Total net sales	$	23,265	$	24,143

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Effective April 1, 2019, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842): Accounting for Leases and issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance and implementation guidance including ASU No. 2018-01, 2018-10, 2018-11, 2018-20 and 2019-01 (collectively including ASU No. 2016-02, “ASC 842”). ASC 842 requires that lessees recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities that are measured at the present value of the future lease payments at lease commencement date. The recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee will largely remain unchanged and shall continue to depend on its classification as a finance or operating lease. The Company elected the optional transition method that allows for a cumulative-effect adjustment in the period of adoption and did not restate prior periods. Under the new guidance, the majority of the Company’s leases continue to be classified as operating. Based on the Company’s lease portfolio, the impact of adopting ASC 842 increased both total assets and total liabilities, however, it did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations or cash flows. Finance leases continue to be classified with long-term debt on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and are described in Note 6. See Note 7 for operating leases.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718)” (“ASU No. 2018-07”): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting. ASU No. 2018-07 expands the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from non-employees, and as a result, the accounting for share-based payments to non-employees will be substantially aligned. ASU No. 2018-07 is effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020. The Company adopted ASU No. 2018-07 as of April 1, 2019 with no impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

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In May 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718) Scope of Modification Accounting ("ASU No. 2017-09"). ASU No. 2017-09 will clarify and reduce both (i) diversity in practice and (ii) cost and complexity when applying the guidance in Topic 718, to a change to the terms and conditions of a share-based payment award. This guidance became effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments in ASU No. 2017-09 are applied prospectively to awards modified on or after the adoption date. The Company adopted this standard as of April 1, 2018 with no impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash” (“ASU No. 2016-18”). This update addresses the fact that diversity exists in the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the statement of cash flows under Topic 230, Statement of Cash Flows. ASU No. 2016-18 became effective for public companies for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this standard as of April 1, 2018 by using the retrospective method, which required reclassification of restricted cash in the accompanying consolidated statement of cash flows as of the beginning of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017.

In August 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments” (“ASU No. 2016-15”). ASU No. 2016-15 clarifies and provides specific guidance on eight cash flow classification issues that are not currently addressed by current GAAP and thereby reduces the current diversity in practice. ASU No. 2016-15 is effective for public business entities for annual periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted this standard as of April 1, 2018 with no impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In May 2014, the FASB issued their converged standard on revenue recognition, ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU No. 2014-09”), updated in December 2016 with the release of ASU 2016-20. This standard outlines a single comprehensive model for companies to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The core principle of the revenue model is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods and services in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods and services. In addition, the new standard requires that reporting companies disclose the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No 2015-14 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, which deferred the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09 to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017.

The new revenue standard is required to be applied either retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented or prospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard recognized at the date of the initial application, supplemented with certain disclosures related to the effect of adoption on previously reported amounts, if any (the modified retrospective method). The Company adopted the standard on April 1, 2018 for contracts that were not completed before the adoption date, using the modified retrospective method. The Company has evaluated the effect of the standard and concluded it is not material to the timing or amount of revenues or expenses recognized in the Company’s historical consolidated financial statements. As a result, the Company has concluded that the application of the standard does not have a material effect that requires a retrospective adjustment to any previously reported amounts in the Company’s historical consolidated financial statements for reporting disclosure purposes.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-18 – Collaborative Arrangements, which clarifies that certain transactions between collaborative arrangement participants should be accounted for as revenue when the collaborative arrangement participant is a customer in the context of a unit of account and precludes recognizing as revenue consideration received from a collaborative arrangement participant if the participant is not a customer. This ASU will be effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2021 with early adoption permitted. This ASU requires retrospective adoption to the date the Company adopted ASC 606, April 1, 2018, by recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings of the earliest annual period presented. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on its financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, “Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract” (“ASU No. 2018-15”), which aligns the capitalization requirements for implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the existing capitalization requirements for implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (Subtopic 350-40). ASU 2018-15 becomes effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2021 and may be adopted either retrospectively or prospectively. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on its financial statements.

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In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement - Disclosure Framework (Topic 820)” (“ASU No. 2018-13”). The updated guidance improves the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. The updated guidance becomes effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal year 2021. Early adoption is permitted for any removed or modified disclosures. The Company is currently assessing the timing and impact of adopting the updated provisions.

3.	INVENTORIES

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined by the first-in, first-out method. Inventories consist of the following at:

	December 31, 2019		March 31, 2019
	(in thousands)
Raw materials	$	422	$	495
Work in process		2,427		4,032
Finished goods		8,199		6,587
Supplies		158		160
Inventories, net	$	11,206	$	11,274

The Company recognizes abnormal production costs, including fixed cost variances from normal production capacity, as an expense in the period incurred. The Company expensed abnormal production costs of $0 and $250,000 to cost of sales for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018, respectively. There were no abnormal production costs for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019. Non-inventoriable fixed costs of $158,000 and $35,000 were expensed to cost of sales for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Non-inventoriable fixed costs of $258,000 and $176,000 were expensed to cost of sales for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

4.	EQUIPMENT AND LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS

Equipment and leasehold improvements consist of the following at:

	December 31, 2019			March 31, 2019
	(in thousands)
Equipment	$	18,804		$	18,679
Leasehold improvements		14,735			14,723
Furniture and fixtures		369			348
		33,908			33,750
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		(20,702	)		(19,254	)
Construction-in-progress		268			256
Equipment and leasehold improvements, net	$	13,474		$	14,752

Management has determined no asset impairment existed as of December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense were approximately $487,000 and $471,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense were approximately $1,458,000 and $1,421,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

5.	SHORT-TERM CONTRACT OBLIGATION

On November 30, 2018 the Company completed the purchase of a six acre production and research facility from Cellana LLC (“Cellana”) under a purchase agreement that was signed August 31, 2018. In accordance with the terms of the third amendment to the asset purchase agreement, the Company acquired the asset for $495,000 with a cash down payment of $100,000 leaving a short-term obligation of $395,000 on the asset purchase.

The short-term obligation was comprised of two separate loans in the principal amount of $180,000 and $215,000. The first loan of $180,000 bore an interest rate of 6.25% and was payable in four monthly installments of principal and interest. The loan commenced on December 1, 2018 and matured on July 15, 2019. The principal amounts outstanding at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019 were $0 and $137,000, respectively.

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The second loan had a principal amount of $215,000 and was a non-interest bearing loan that was payable in twelve monthly installments. The loan commenced on December 1, 2018 and matured on October 15, 2019. This contract contains a hold back of $38,000 pending resolution of certain closing items by the seller, which is the balance outstanding at December 31, 2019. The principal amount outstanding March 31, 2019 was $148,000.

6.	LINE OF CREDIT AND LONG-TERM DEBT

Total debt consists of the following at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019:

	December 31, 2019			March 31, 2019
	(in thousands)
Line of credit	$	2,000		$	2,000
Long-term debt		5,549			6,035
Long-term debt - related party		1,500			—
Less current maturities		(2,700	)		(2,663	)
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities		6,349			5,372
Less unamortized debt issuance costs		(177	)		(200	)
Total long-term debt, net of current maturities and unamortized debt issuance costs	$	6,172		$	5,172

Line of Credit and Term Loans

On August 30, 2016, the Revolving Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), which the Company and First Foundation Bank (“the Bank”) entered into on June 3, 2016, became effective after the Company and the Bank received the necessary approvals from the State of Hawaii to secure the lien on the Company’s leasehold property in Kona, Hawaii. The Credit Agreement allows the Company to borrow up to $2,000,000 on a revolving basis. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at the Wall Street Journal prime rate (4.75% and 5.5% at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively) plus 2%, floating.

At both December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, the outstanding balance under the Credit Agreement was $2,000,000. The line of credit, which is subject to annual renewal, was renewed on August 30, 2019 and will be subject to renewal upon expiration on August 30, 2020. Pursuant to the August 30, 2019 renewal, the current ratio covenant was 1.50:1 and is applicable to both the line of credit and term loans with the Bank.

The Credit Agreement grants the Bank the following security interests in the Company’s property: (a) a lien on the Company’s leasehold interest in its Kona facility; (b) an assignment of the Company’s interest in leases and rents on its Kona facility; and (c) a security interest in all fixtures, furnishings and equipment related to or used by the Company at the Kona facility. Each security interest is further subject to the terms of the Credit Agreement.

In 2015, the Company executed a loan agreement with a lender providing for $2,500,000 in aggregate credit facilities (the “2015 Loan”) secured by substantially all the Company’s assets, pursuant to a Term Loan Agreement dated July 30, 2015 (the “2015 Loan Agreement”). The 2015 Loan is evidenced by a promissory note in the amount of $2,500,000, the repayment of which is partially guaranteed under the provisions of the United States Department of Agriculture (“USDA”) Rural Development Guarantee program. The proceeds of the 2015 Loan were used to pay off a $500,000 short term note payable that matured on September 18, 2015, and to acquire new processing equipment and leasehold improvements at the Company’s Kona, Hawaii facility.

The provisions of the 2015 Loan require the payment of principal and interest until its maturity on September 1, 2022; the obligation fully amortizes over seven (7) years. Interest on the 2015 Loan accrues on the outstanding principal balance at an annual variable rate equal to the published Wall Street Journal prime rate (5.0% and 5.5% at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively) plus 2.0% and is adjustable on the first day of each calendar quarter and fixed for that quarter. At no time shall the annual interest rate be less than 6.0%. The 2015 Loan has a prepayment penalty of 5.0% for any prepayment made prior to the first anniversary of the date of the 2015 Loan Agreement, which penalty is reduced by 1.0% each year thereafter until the fifth anniversary of such date, after which there is no prepayment penalty. The balance under the 2015 Loan was $1,131,000 and $1,389,000 at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively, and was included in long-term debt in the debt table above.

In 2012, the Company executed a loan agreement with a lender providing for $5,500,000 in aggregate credit facilities (the “2012 Loan”) secured by substantially all the Company’s assets, including a mortgage on the Company's interest in its lease at the National Energy Laboratory of Hawaii Authority, pursuant to a Term Loan Agreement dated August 14, 2012 (the “2012 Loan Agreement”). The 2012 Loan is evidenced by promissory notes in the amounts of $2,250,000 and $3,250,000, the repayment of which is partially guaranteed under the provisions of a USDA Rural Development Guarantee. The proceeds of the 2012 Loan were used to acquire processing equipment and leasehold improvements at its Kona, Hawaii facility.

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The provisions of the 2012 Loan required the payment of interest only for the first 12 months of the term; thereafter, and until its maturity on August 14, 2032, the obligation fully amortizes over nineteen (19) years. Interest on the 2012 Loan accrues on the outstanding principal balance at an annual variable rate equal to the published Wall Street Journal prime rate (5.0% and 5.5% at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively) plus 1.0% and is adjustable on the first day of each calendar quarter and fixed for that quarter. At no time shall the annual interest rate be less than 5.5%. The balance under the 2012 Loan was $4,279,000 and $4,439,000 at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively, and was included in long-term debt in the debt table above.

The 2015 Loan includes a one-time origination and guaranty fee totaling $113,900 and an annual renewal fee payable in the amount of 0.5% of the USDA guaranteed portion of the outstanding principal balance as of December 31 of each year, beginning December 31, 2015. The USDA has guaranteed 80% of all amounts owing under the 2015 Loan. The 2012 Loan included a one-time origination and guaranty fees totaling $214,500 and an annual renewal fee payable in the amount of 0.25% of the USDA guaranteed portion of the outstanding principal balance as of December 31 of each year, beginning December 31, 2012. The USDA has guaranteed 80% of all amounts owing under the 2012 Loan. The balance in unamortized debt issuance costs was $177,000 and $200,000 at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

Loan Covenant Violations and Waiver

The Company’s Credit Agreement, 2015 Loan and 2012 Loan are subject to annual debt service and other financial covenants, including covenants which require the Company to meet key financial ratios and customary affirmative and negative covenants. As of March 31, 2019, the Company was not in compliance with the required debt service coverage ratio or the current ratio and due to these violations, the Bank would be contractually entitled to require immediate repayment of the outstanding term loan amounts of $5,828,000 and the outstanding line of credit balance of $2,000,000. However, on June 17, 2019, the bank issued the Company a letter waiving the covenant violations as of March 31, 2019. The outstanding balance of the terms loans is presented as a non-current liability at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019.

Long-term Debt – Related Party

In April 2019, the Company obtained an unsecured subordinated loan in the amount of $1,500,000. Interest accrues at a rate of 6.5% and is payable quarterly. The principal amount and any accrued and unpaid interest are due in April 2021 (see Note 13). The balance under this loan was $1,500,000 at December 31, 2019.

Equipment Finance Agreement

On October 6, 2017, the Company entered into an Equipment Finance Agreement (the “Equipment Agreement”) with a lender, which provides up to $175,000 of financing for equipment. The interest rate on this loan is 4.75%. The provisions of the Equipment Agreement require the payment of principal and interest until its maturity on October 31, 2022. The balance under this loan was $102,000 and $126,000 at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively, and was included in long-term debt in the debt table above.

Finance Lease Obligations

In August 2016, the Company executed a finance lease agreement with Thermo Fisher Financial providing for $52,000 in equipment, secured by the equipment financed. The finance lease matured in May 2019 and was payable in 36 equal monthly payments. The interest rate under this capital lease was 12.90%. The balance under this lease was $0 and $7,800 at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively, and was included in long-term debt in the debt table above.

In February 2016, the Company executed a finance lease agreement with Bank of the West providing for $51,000 in equipment, secured by the equipment financed. The finance lease matures in March 2021 and is payable in 60 equal monthly payments. The interest rate under this finance lease is 4.18%. The balance under this lease was $14,000 and $22,000 at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively, and was included in long-term debt in the debt table above.

In July 2015, the Company executed a finance lease agreement with Huntington Technology Finance providing for $174,000 in equipment, secured by the equipment financed. The finance lease matures in July 2020 and is payable in 60 equal monthly payments. The interest rate under this lease is 6.57%. The balance under this lease was $23,000 and $52,000 at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively, and was included in long-term debt in the debt table above.

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Future principal payments under the loans and finance lease obligations at December 31, 2019 are as follows:

Payments Due	(in thousands)
Remainder of 2020	$	177
2021		702
2022		2,227
2023		491
2024		301
Thereafter		3,151
Total principal payments	$	7,049

7.	OPERATING LEASES

The Company leases it facilities, equipment and land under non-cancelable operating leases expiring through 2037. Right-of-use assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of-use assets and liabilities were recognized at April 1, 2019 based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, using the Bank’s incremental borrowing rate based on the information available. At December 31, 2019, the weighted average remaining lease terms is 14.0 years, the weighted average discount rate is 7.5% and the operating lease costs are $445,000.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases at December 31, 2019 is as follows:

Operating leases	Balance Sheet Classification	(in thousands)
Right-of-use assets	Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	$	3,909

Current lease liabilities	Operating lease obligations	$	311
Non-current lease liabilities	Long-term operating lease obligations		3,603
Total lease liabilities		$	3,914

Maturities of lease liabilities at December 31, 2019 are as follows:

Payments	(in thousands)
Remainder of 2020	$	592
2021		594
2022		593
2023		371
2024		371
Thereafter		3,785
Total undiscounted lease payments		6,306
Less: present value discount		(2,392	)
Total lease liability balance	$	3,914

8.	ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accrued expenses consist of the following:

	December 31, 2019		March 31, 2019
	(in thousands)
Wages, commissions, bonus and profit sharing	$	395	$	145
Vacation		267		338
Severance		68		153
Rent, interest and legal		42		235
Other accrued expenses		129		121
Total accrued expenses	$	901	$	992

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9.	COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

From time to time, the Company may be involved in litigation and investigations relating to claims and matters arising out of its operations in the normal course of business.

On October 2, 2019, a shareholder of the Company, Meridian OHC Partners, LP (“Meridian”), filed a complaint in the United States District Court, District of Hawaii, against the Board of Directors seeking to proceed derivatively on behalf of the Company. The Company is named as a nominal defendant. The complaint alleges, among other things, that the directors have breached their fiduciary duties, in overseeing the Company. Meridian seeks declaratory and injunctive relief and an award of damages to the Company. The case is Meridian v. Davis et al. (Cyanotech), No. 19-cv-0536 (D. Hawaii). At December 31, 2019, the probability and magnitude of any potential loss cannot be estimated.

10.

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

The Company has share-based compensation plans, which are more fully described in Note 10, Share-Based Compensation, to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2019 as filed with the SEC on July 1, 2019.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had two equity-based compensation plans: the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”) and the 2014 Independent Director Stock Option and Restricted Stock Grant Plan (the “2014 Directors Plan”). The Company has also issued stock options, which remain outstanding as of December 31, 2019, under two equity-based compensation plans which have expired according to their terms: the 2005 Stock Option Plan (the “2005 Plan”) and the 2004 Independent Director Stock Option and Stock Grant Plan (the “2004 Directors Plan”). These plans allowed the Company to award stock options and shares of restricted common stock to eligible employees, certain outside consultants and independent directors. No additional awards will be issued under the 2005 Plan or the 2004 Directors Plan.

The following table presents shares authorized, available for future grant and outstanding under each of the Company’s plans:

	As of December 31, 2019
	Authorized		Available		Outstanding

2016 Plan		1,300,000		1,188,243		71,272
2014 Directors Plan		350,000		184,400		116,724
2005 Plan		—		—		239,300
2004 Directors Plan		—		—		12,000
Total		1,650,000		1,372,643		439,296

Stock Options

All stock option grants made under the equity-based compensation plans were issued at exercise prices no less than the Company’s closing stock price on the date of grant. Options under the 2016 Plan, 2005 Plan and 2014 Directors Plan were determined by the Board of Directors or the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors in accordance with the provisions of the respective plans. The terms of each option grant include vesting, exercise, and other conditions set forth in a Stock Option Agreement evidencing each grant. No option can have a life in excess of ten (10) years. The Company records compensation expense for employee stock options based on the estimated fair value of the options on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The model requires various assumptions, including a risk-free interest rate, the expected term of the options, the expected stock price volatility over the expected term of the options, and the expected dividend yield. Compensation expense for employee stock options is recognized ratably over the vesting term. Compensation expense recognized for options issued under all Plans was $5,000 and $18,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Compensation expense recognized for options issued under all Plans was $123,000 and $54,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. In the first nine months of fiscal year 2020, compensation expense included $109,000 related to a settlement agreement with a former executive.

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A summary of option activity under the Company’s stock plans for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 is presented below:

Option Activity	Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at March 31, 2019		539,800		$	4.06		4.7	$	15,480
Granted		—		$	—
Exercised		(2,112	)	$	2.08
Forfeited		(104,388	)	$	4.58
Expired		(120,000	)	$	3.53
Outstanding at December 31, 2019		313,300		$	4.11		3.2	$	—
Exercisable at December 31, 2019		263,300		$	4.32		2.1	$	—

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above is before applicable income taxes and represents the excess amount over the exercise price optionees would have received if all options had been exercised on the last business day of the period indicated, based on the Company’s closing stock price of $2.29 and $3.24 at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

A summary of the Company’s non-vested options for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 is presented below:

Nonvested Options	Shares			Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested at March 31, 2019		130,000		$	1.70
Vested		(80,000	)		1.81
Nonvested at December 31, 2019		50,000		$	1.52

As of December 31, 2019, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to all unvested stock options was $57,000, which is expected to be expensed over a weighted average period of 3.0 years.

Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”)

RSUs are service-based awards granted to eligible employees under the 2016 Plan. Compensation expense recognized for RSUs issued under the 2016 Plan was $26,000 and $20,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Compensation expense recognized for RSUs issued under the 2016 Plan was $64,000 and $58,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. In the first nine months of fiscal 2020, compensation expense included $6,000 related to a settlement agreement with a former executive.

The following table summarizes information related to awarded RSUs for the nine months ended December 31, 2019:

Nonvested Restricted Stock Units	Shares			Weighted Average Grant Price
Nonvested restricted stock units at March 31, 2019		38,814		$	3.98
Granted		4,051			2.67
Vested		(16,149	)		3.71
Forfeited		(5,444	)		4.03
Nonvested restricted stock units at December 31, 2019		21,272		$	3.92

As of December 31, 2019, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock units was $35,000, which is expected to be expensed over a weighted average period of 1.0 years.

Common Stock

In the first nine months of fiscal 2020, the Company recorded $205,000 in compensation expense related to a settlement agreement with a former executive.

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11.

INCOME TAXES

On December 22, 2017 H.R. 1, originally known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, (the “Tax Act”) was enacted. Among the significant changes to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, the Tax Act lowers the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate (“Federal Tax Rate”) from 34% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The 21% Federal Tax Rate applies to fiscal years ending March 31, 2019 and each year thereafter.

The Company utilizes its estimated annual effective tax rate to determine its provision or benefit for income taxes for interim periods. The income tax provision or benefit is computed by multiplying the estimated annual effective tax rate by the year to date pre-tax book income (loss). The Company recorded an income tax expense of $32,000 and $73,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company recorded an income tax expense of $29,000 and $33,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate was 15.8% and 20.2% for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate was 9.7% and (1.6%) for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 differ from the statutory rate of 21% as a result of state taxes (net of federal benefit) and the net change in valuation allowance against the net deferred tax asset the Company believes is not more likely than not to be realized. The Company continues to carry a full valuation allowance on its net deferred tax assets.

The Company is subject to taxation in the United States and six state jurisdictions. The preparation of tax returns requires management to interpret the applicable tax laws and regulations in effect in such jurisdictions, which could affect the amount of tax paid by the Company. Management, in consultation with its tax advisors, files its tax returns based on interpretations that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The income tax returns, however, are subject to routine reviews by the various taxing authorities. As part of these reviews, a taxing authority may disagree with respect to the tax positions taken by management (“uncertain tax positions”) and therefore may require the Company to pay additional taxes. Management evaluates the requirement for additional tax accruals, including interest and penalties, which the Company could incur as a result of the ultimate resolution of its uncertain tax positions. Management reviews and updates the accrual for uncertain tax positions as more definitive information becomes available from taxing authorities, completion of tax audits, expiration of statute of limitations, or upon occurrence of other events.

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, there was no liability for income tax associated with unrecognized tax benefits. The Company recognizes accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as well as any related penalties in interest income or expense in its consolidated condensed statements of operations, which is consistent with the recognition of these items in prior reporting periods.

With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state, local, and non-U.S. income tax examination by tax authorities for tax years before 2014.

12.

EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is computed on the basis of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed on the basis of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the potentially dilutive effect of outstanding stock options using the “treasury stock” method.

Reconciliations between the numerator and the denominator of the basic and diluted income (loss) per share computations for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Net Income		Shares		Per Share
	(Numerator)		(Denominator)		Amount
	(in thousands)
Basic income per share	$	171		5,957	$	0.03
Effective dilutive securities – restricted stock units		—		5		—
Diluted income per share	$	171		5,962	$	0.03

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	Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
	Net Income		Shares		Per Share
	(Numerator)		(Denominator)		Amount
	(in thousands)

Basic income per share	$	288		5,836	$	0.05
Effect of dilutive securities – common stock options and restricted stock units		—		26		—
Diluted income per share	$	288		5,862	$	0.05

	Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Net Income		Shares		Per Share
	(Numerator)		(Denominator)		Amount
	(in thousands)
Basic income per share	$	266		5,946	$	0.04
Effective dilutive securities – common stock options and restricted stock units		—		3		—
Diluted income per share	$	266		5,949	$	0.04

	Nine Months Ended December 31, 2018
	Net Loss			Shares		Per Share
	(Numerator)			(Denominator)		Amount
	(in thousands)

Basic and diluted loss per share	$	(2,123	)		5,809	$	(0.37	)

Basic and diluted per share amounts are the same in periods of a net loss, because common share equivalents are anti-dilutive when a net loss is recorded. Diluted earnings per share does not include the impact of common stock options totaling 75,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2018, as the effect of their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. Restricted stock units become dilutive within the period granted and remain dilutive until the units vest and are issued as common stock. Diluted earnings per share does not include the impact of restricted stock units totaling 21,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2018, as the effect of their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.

13.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

During the nine months ended December 31, 2018, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with an effective date of May 5, 2018 with a vendor that employs one of our independent directors. The Company’s independent director is not named in or involved in the performance of the consulting agreement. The amount of the contract was for $120,000 and all the payments made against the contract were reflected in general and administrative expense.

During the nine months ended December 31, 2019, the Company obtained an unsecured subordinated loan from Skywords Family Foundation, Inc. (“Skywords”) in the principal amount of $1,500,000 pursuant to a Promissory Note (“the Skywords Note”) executed by the Company in favor of Skywords. Skywords is controlled by the Company’s Chairman of the Board of Directors and largest stockholder. The Skywords Note bears interest at a rate of 1% plus the prime rate (as published by the Wall Street Journal), which will be recalculated and payable on a quarterly basis. The principal amount and any accrued and unpaid interest will be due and payable on April 12, 2021, unless accelerated in an event of default. The Company may prepay the Skywords Note at any time without penalty. The proceeds of the Skywords Note were used to pay down accounts payable and for general operating capital purposes.

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Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview:

We are a world leader in the production of high value natural products derived from microalgae. Incorporated in 1983, we are guided by the principle of providing beneficial, quality microalgal products for health and human nutrition in a sustainable, reliable and environmentally sensitive operation. We are GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) certified by the Natural Products Association™, reinforcing our commitment to quality in our products, quality in our relationships (with our customers, suppliers, employees and the communities we live in), and quality of the environment in which we work. Our products include:

●

Hawaiian BioAstin® natural astaxanthin - a powerful dietary antioxidant shown to support and maintain the body’s natural inflammatory response, to enhance skin, and to support eye and joint health. It has expanding applications as a human nutraceutical and functional food ingredient; and

●

Hawaiian Spirulina Pacifica® - a nutrient-rich dietary supplement used for extra energy, a strengthened immune system, cardiovascular benefits and as a source of antioxidant carotenoids

Microalgae are a diverse group of microscopic plants that have a wide range of physiological and biochemical characteristics and contain, among other things, high levels of natural protein, amino acids, vitamins, pigments and enzymes. Microalgae have the following properties that make commercial production attractive: (1) microalgae grow much faster than land grown plants, often up to 100 times faster; (2) microalgae have uniform cell structures with no bark, stems, branches or leaves, permitting easier extraction of products and higher utilization of the microalgae cells; and (3) the cellular uniformity of microalgae makes it practical to control the growing environment in order to optimize a particular cell characteristic. Efficient and effective cultivation of microalgae requires consistent light, warm temperatures, low rainfall and proper chemical balance in a very nutrient-rich environment, free of environmental contaminants and unwanted organisms. This is a challenge that has motivated us to design, develop and implement proprietary production and harvesting technologies, systems and processes in order to commercially produce human nutritional products derived from microalgae.

Our production of these products at the 96-acre facility on the Kona Coast of the island of Hawaii provides several benefits. We selected the Keahole Point location in order to take advantage of relatively consistent warm temperatures, sunshine and low levels of rainfall needed for optimal cultivation of microalgae. This location also offers us access to cold deep ocean water, drawn from an offshore depth of 2,000 feet, which we use in our Ocean-Chill Drying system to eliminate the oxidative damage caused by standard drying techniques and as a source of trace nutrients for microalgal cultures. The area is also designated a Biosecure Zone, with tight control of organisms allowed into the area and free of genetically modified organisms (GMO’s). We believe that our technology, systems, processes and favorable growing location generally permit year-round harvest of our microalgal products in a cost-effective manner.

Results of Operations

The following tables present selected consolidated financial data for each of the periods indicated ($ in thousands):

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	December 31,						December 31,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net sales	$	7,504		$	10,044		$	23,265		$	24,143
Net sales decrease		(25.3	)%					(3.6	%)
Gross profit	$	2,877		$	4,116		$	9,615		$	8,237
Gross profit as % of net sales		38.3	%		41.0	%		41.3	%		34.1	%
Operating expenses	$	2,510		$	3,621		$	8,790		$	9,913
Operating expenses as % of net sales		33.4	%		36.0	%		37.8	%		41.1	%
Operating income (loss)	$	367		$	495		$	825		$	(1,676	)
Operating income (loss) as % of net sales		4.9	%		4.9	%		3.5	%		(6.9	)%
Income tax expense	$	32		$	73		$	29		$	33
Net income (loss)	$	171		$	288		$	266		$	(2,123	)

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Comparison of the Three Months Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

Net Sales (in thousands)

	Three Months Ended
	December 31,				$			%
	2019		2018		Change			Change
Packaged sales
Astaxanthin	$	4,513	$	6,012	$	(1,499	)		(24.9	)%
Spirulina		1,878		3,212		(1,334	)		(41.5	)%
Total Packaged sales	$	6,391	$	9,224	$	(2,833	)		(30.7	)%

Bulk sales
Astaxanthin	$	377	$	229	$	148			64.6	%
Spirulina		613		533		80			15.0	%
Total Bulk sales	$	990	$	762	$	228			29.9	%

Contract extraction revenue	$	123	$	58	$	65			112.1	%

Total sales
Astaxanthin	$	4,890	$	6,241	$	(1,351	)		(21.6	)%
Spirulina		2,491		3,745		(1,254	)		(33.5	)%
Contract extraction revenue		123		58		65			112.1	%
Total sales	$	7,504	$	10,044	$	(2,540	)		(25.3	)%

Net Sales The net sales decrease of 25.3% for the current quarter compared to the same period last year was primarily driven by a 24.9% and 41.5% decrease in astaxanthin and spirulina packaged sales, respectively, offset slightly by an increase in bulk sales and contract extraction sales. The decreases compared to prior year quarter were primarily driven by non-recurring replenishment orders in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 that were the result of depleted spirulina customer inventory due to prior quarter’s unavailability related to the re-inoculation of our spirulina ponds, as well as inventory build-up with our main customers. Additionally, we had an increase in orders in the third quarter that will not be recognized until the fourth quarter compared to the same period in the prior year.

Gross Profit Gross profit as a percent of net sales decreased by 2.7 percentage points compared to the same period last year, which was primarily the result of high cost astaxanthin inventory that was carried over from the second quarter of fiscal 2020 and sold in the third quarter of fiscal 2020. In the second quarter of fiscal 2020, based on high inventory balances, we made a strategic decision to reduce pond production volumes, which caused the higher cost inventory.

Operating Expenses Operating expenses decreased by $1.1 million for the current quarter compared to the same period last year, primarily due to strategic cost cutting initiatives that began in the first half of the current year. This included lower promotional and marketing spending of $0.7 million and legal and audit expenses of $0.1 million. Also, severance was lower by $0.1 million in the current year quarter as compared to the prior year quarter.

Income Taxes We recorded income tax expense of $32,000 for the third quarter of this fiscal year with an effective tax rate of 15.8% compared to income tax expense of $73,000 for the same period last year with an effective tax rate of 20.2%. We continue to carry a full valuation allowance on our net deferred tax assets.

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Comparison of the Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

Net Sales (in thousands)

	Nine Months Ended
	December 31,				$			%
	2019		2018		Change			Change
Packaged sales
Astaxanthin	$	13,870	$	15,388	$	(1,518	)		(9.9	)%
Spirulina		5,523		6,208		(685	)		(11.0	)%
Total Packaged sales	$	19,393	$	21,596	$	(2,203	)		(10.2	)%

Bulk sales
Astaxanthin	$	879	$	823	$	56			6.8	%
Spirulina		2,590		1,663		927			55.7	%
Total Bulk sales	$	3,469	$	2,486	$	983			39.5	%

Contract extraction revenue	$	403	$	61	$	342			560.7	%

Total sales
Astaxanthin	$	14,749	$	16,211	$	(1,462	)		(9.0	)%
Spirulina		8,113		7,871		242			3.1	%
Contract extraction revenue		403		61		342			560.7	%
Total sales	$	23,265	$	24,143	$	(878	)		(3.6	)%

Net Sales The net sales decrease of 3.6% for the first nine months of fiscal 2020 compared to the same period last year was primarily driven by 9.9% and 11.0% decreases in astaxanthin and spirulina packaged sales, respectively. These decreases were primarily driven by non-recurring replenishment orders in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 that were the result of depleted spirulina customer inventory due to prior quarter's unavailability relate to the re-inoculation of our spirulina ponds, as well as inventory build-up with our main customers. The decreases were offset by an increase of 55.7% in spirulina bulk sales, as well as an increase in contract extraction sales.

Gross Profit Gross profit for the first nine months of fiscal 2020 as a percent of net sales increased by 7.2 percentage points compared to the same period last year, primarily due to the improvements in production costs for both spirulina and astaxanthin in the first half of the current year.

Operating Expenses Operating expenses decreased by $1.1 million for the first nine months of fiscal 2020 compared to the same period in fiscal 2019. In the current year, overall costs were down due to cost cutting initiatives, with a $0.9 million decrease in sales and marketing expenses and a $0.1 million decrease in both general and administrative and research and development expenses.

Income Taxes We recorded income tax expense of $29,000 for the first nine months of fiscal 2020 with an effective tax rate of 9.7% compared to income tax expense of $33,000 for the same period last year with an effective tax rate of (1.6%). The increase in effective tax rate is primarily due to the improved income before income taxes in the current year compared to the loss before income taxes in the prior year. We continue to carry a full valuation allowance on our net deferred tax assets.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2019, we had cash of $1.6 million and working capital of $7.8 million compared to $0.8 million and $5.1 million, respectively, at March 31, 2019. In April 2019, we obtained an unsecured subordinated loan in the amount of $1.5 million from a related party (see Notes 6 and 13 in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements). On August 30, 2016, the Revolving Credit Agreement (the Credit Agreement), which we entered into with First Foundation Bank (the Bank) on June 3, 2016, became effective. The Credit Agreement allows us to borrow up to $2.0 million on a revolving basis. At December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, we had outstanding borrowings of $2.0 million on the line of credit. The line of credit is subject to renewal on August 30, 2020 and we intend to renew or replace it with another line of credit on or before the expiration date.

As of December 31, 2019, we had $5.4 million in long-term debt (Term Loans) payable to the Bank that require the payment of principal and interest monthly through August 2032. Pursuant to the Term Loans and the Credit Agreement, we are subject to annual financial covenants, customary affirmative and negative covenants and certain subjective acceleration clauses. As of March 31, 2019, our debt service coverage ratio of -0.66:1 fell short of the Bank's annual requirement of 1.25:1. Additionally, on March 31, 2019, our current ratio of 1.49:1 fell short of the Bank’s annual requirement of 1.50:1. On June 17, 2019, the Bank provided us with a letter waiving the covenant violations as of March 31, 2019, but noting that the Bank reserved its rights to declare a default in the future if any covenants remain out of compliance at applicable measurement dates.

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Funds generated by operating activities and available cash are expected to continue to be our most significant sources of liquidity for working capital requirements, debt service and funding of maintenance levels of capital expenditures. In fiscal year 2020, we have undertaken strategic cost cutting, including the elimination of positions through attrition and the elimination of open positions to create a leaner organization.

Based upon our operating plan and related cash flow and financial projections, cash flows expected to be generated by operating activities and available financing are expected to be sufficient to fund our operations through at least December 31, 2020, and our debt service coverage ratio and current ratio covenants are expected to be in compliance with the annual Term Loans and Credit Agreement covenant requirements as of March 31, 2020, the next measurement date. However, no assurances can be provided that we will achieve our operating plan and cash flow projections for the next fiscal years or our projected consolidated financial position as of March 31, 2020. Such estimates are subject to change based on future results and such change could cause future results to vary significantly from expected results.

Cash Flows The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated ($ in thousands):

	Nine months ended December 31
	2019			2018
Total cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	204		$	(42	)
Investing activities		(180	)		(475	)
Financing activities		745			696

Increase in cash	$	769		$	179

Cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 was the result of a net income and non-cash charges of $2.1 million, offset by a decrease in accounts payable of $2.2 million and lower customer deposits of $0.2 million.

Cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 includes costs for equipment and furniture and fixtures at our Kona facility.

Cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 consists primarily of a $1.5 million increase from the new loan from the long-term debt - related party loan, offset by payments of short-term contract obligation and long-term debt.

Sources and Uses of Capital

At December 31, 2019, our working capital was $7.8 million, an increase of $2.7 million compared to March 31, 2019. The increase is due primarily to a decrease in accounts payable.

Our results of operations and financial condition can be affected by numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control and could cause future results of operations to fluctuate materially as it has in the past. Future operating results may fluctuate as a result of changes in sales volumes to our largest customers, weather patterns, increased competition, increased materials, nutrient and energy costs, government regulations and other factors beyond our control.

A significant portion of our expense levels are relatively fixed, so the timing of increases in expenses is based in large part on forecasts of future sales. If net sales are below expectations in any given period, the adverse impact on results of operations may be magnified by our inability to adjust spending quickly enough to compensate for the sales shortfall. We may also choose to reduce prices or increase spending in response to market conditions, which may have a material adverse effect on financial condition and results of operations.

Based upon our current operating plan, analysis of our consolidated financial position and projected future results of operations, we believe that our operating cash flows, cash balances and working capital will be sufficient to finance current operating requirements, debt service requirements, and routine planned capital expenditures, for the next twelve (12) months.

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Outlook

This outlook section contains a number of forward-looking statements, all of which are based on current expectations. Actual results may differ materially.

Our strategic direction has been to position as a world leader in the production and marketing of high-value natural products from microalgae. We are vertically aligned, producing raw materials in the form of microalgae processed at our 96-acre facility in Hawaii, and integrating those raw materials into finished products. In fiscal 2020, our primary focus is stabilizing our production volume, rationalizing market channel participation, executing on our strategic cost cutting programs, and leveraging our centers of core competence. We will continue to place emphasis on our Nutrex Hawaiian consumer products while exploring further opportunities for bulk sales orders for Spirulina and Astaxanthin, both domestically and internationally. Extraction services to third party customers utilizing our 1,000 bar super critical CO2 extractor process are expected to generate additional income throughout the year. We will leverage our experience and reputation for quality, nutritional products which promote health and well-being. The foundation of our nutritional products is naturally cultivated Hawaiian Spirulina Pacifica® in powder and tablet form; and BioAstin® Hawaiian Astaxanthin® antioxidant in extract and softgel form. Information about our Company and our products can be viewed at www.cyanotech.com and www.nutrex-hawaii.com. Consumer products can also be purchased online at www.nutrex-hawaii.com.

Gross profit margin percentages going forward can be impacted by lower production volumes along with pressure on input costs as well as greater competition in the market place. This could cause margins to decline in future periods. We will continue to focus on higher margin consumer products that promote health and well-being and strive for continuous improvements in processes and production methods to stabilize costs and production levels for the future. However, significant sales variability between periods may occur based on historical results.

Producing the highest quality microalgae is a complex biological process which requires balancing numerous factors including microalgal strain variation, temperature, acidity, nutrient and other environmental considerations, some of which are not within our control. An imbalance or unexpected event can occur resulting in production levels below normal capacity. The allocation of fixed production overheads (such as depreciation, rent and general insurance) to inventories is determined based on normal production capacity. When our production volumes are below normal capacity limits, certain fixed production overhead costs cannot be inventoried and are recorded immediately in cost of sales. In addition, when production costs exceed historical averages, we evaluate whether such costs are one-time-period charges or an ongoing component of inventory cost.

To manage our cash resources effectively, we will balance production with sales demand, minimizing the cost associated with inventory levels when appropriate and manage our expenses judiciously. We could experience unplanned cash outflows and may need to utilize other cash resources to meet working capital needs. A prolonged downturn in sales could impair our ability to generate sufficient cash for operations and hamper our ability to attract additional capital investment which could become necessary to maintain optimal production levels and efficiencies.

Our future results of operations and the other forward-looking statements contained in this Outlook, in particular the statements regarding revenues, gross margin and capital spending, involve a number of risks and uncertainties. In addition to the factors discussed above, any of the following could cause actual results to differ materially: business conditions and growth in the natural products industry and in the general economy; changes in customer order patterns; changes in demand for natural products in general; changes in weather conditions; changes in health and growing conditions of our astaxanthin and spirulina products; competitive factors, such as increased production capacity from competing spirulina and astaxanthin producers and the resulting impact, if any, on world market prices for these products; government actions and increased regulations both domestic and foreign; shortage of manufacturing capacity; and other factors beyond our control. Risk factors are discussed in detail in Part II, Item 1A of this quarterly report and in Part I, Item 1A of our Form 10-K report for the year ended March 31, 2019.

We believe that our technology, systems, processes and favorable growing location generally permit year-round harvest of our microalgal products in a cost-effective manner. However, previously experienced imbalances in the highly complex biological production systems, together with volatile energy costs and rapidly changing world markets, suggest a need for continuing caution with respect to variables beyond our reasonable control. Therefore, we cannot, and do not attempt to, provide any definitive assurance with regard to our technology, systems, processes, location, or cost-effectiveness.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2019, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements or obligations.

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Impact of Inflation

Inflationary factors such as increases in the costs of materials and labor directly affect our operations. Most of our leases provide for cost-of-living adjustments and require us to pay for insurance and maintenance expenses, all of which are subject to inflation. Additionally, our future lease cost for new facilities may include potentially escalating costs of real estate and construction. There is no assurance that we will be able to pass on increased costs to our customers.

Depreciation expense is based on the historical cost of fixed assets and is therefore potentially less than it would be if it were based on current replacement cost. While property and equipment acquired in prior years will ultimately have to be replaced at higher prices, it is expected that replacement will be a gradual process over many years.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our critical accounting policies and estimates are disclosed in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on July 1, 2019. In the nine months ended December 31, 2019, there were changes to the application of critical accounting policies previously disclosed in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K as described below.

Effective April 1, 2019, we adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842): Accounting for Leases and issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance and implementation guidance including ASU 2018-01, 2018-10, 2018-11, 2018-20 and 2019-01 (collectively including ASU 2016-02, “ASC 842”). ASC 842 requires that lessees recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities that are measured at the present value of the future lease payments at lease commencement date. The recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee will largely remain unchanged and shall continue to depend on its classification as a finance or operating lease. We elected the optional transition method that allows for a cumulative-effect adjustment in the period of adoption and did not restate prior periods. Under the new guidance, the majority of our leases continue to be classified as operating. Based on our lease portfolio, the impact of adopting ASC 842 increased both total assets and total liabilities, however, it did not have a significant impact on our consolidated statements of operations or cash flows. Finance leases continue to be classified with long-term debt on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 6 and 7 in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer (“CEO”) and chief financial officer (“CFO”), we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e) of the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this Report. Based on that evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act). The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Our management evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in “Internal Control - Integrated Framework” (2013 Framework). Based on that assessment, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2019.

Changes to Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

On April 1, 2018, the Company adopted the new revenue recognition accounting standard, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” As a result, we made additions and/or modifications to policies, procedures, and controls that have affected our internal control over financial reporting, including changes to accounting policies and procedures, operational processes and documentation practices.

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There were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls

Our management, including our CEO and CFO, do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal controls over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system no matter how well designed and implemented, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues within a company are detected.

The inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistakes. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, or by collusion of two or more people. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

This Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with Item 9A “Controls and Procedures” of the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, filed July 1, 2019.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

From time to time the Company may be involved in litigation and investigations relating to claims and matters arising out of its operations in the normal course of business.

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

For a discussion of the risk factors relating to our business, please refer to Part I, Item 1A of our Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2019, which is incorporated by reference herein.

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3.

Defaults upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 5.

Other Information

None.

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Item 6.

Exhibits

	31.1	Certifications of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 signed as of February 11, 2020.

	31.2	Certifications of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 signed as of February 11, 2020.

	32	Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 signed as of February 11, 2020.

	99.1	Press Release dated February 11, 2020.

	101	The following financial statements from Cyanotech Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2019, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (iv) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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SIGNATURES

In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	CYANOTECH CORPORATION
	(Registrant)


February 11, 2020	By:	/s/ Gerald R. Cysewski, PH.D.
(Date)		Gerald R. Cysewski, PH.D.
		Chief Executive Officer; Vice Chairman of the Board


February 11, 2020	By:	/s/ Brian B. Orlopp
(Date)		Brian B. Orlopp
		Chief Financial Officer, Vice President — Finance & Administration
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number		Description
31.1		Certifications of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 signed as of February 11, 2020.

31.2		Certifications of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 signed as of February 11, 2020.

32		Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 signed as of February 11, 2020.

99.1		Press Release dated February 11, 2020.

101		The following financial statements from Cyanotech Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2019, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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