UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended October 31, 2018

or

For the transition period from                   to                 

Commission File Number:  1-4488

MESABI TRUST

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(904) 271-2520

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  ☒  No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes  ☒  No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  ☐  No  ☒

As of December 7, 2018, there were 13,120,010 Units of Beneficial Interest in Mesabi Trust outstanding.

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements. (Note 1)

Mesabi Trust

Condensed Statements of Operations

Three and Nine Months Ended October 31, 2018 and 2017

See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements.

Mesabi Trust

Condensed Balance Sheets

October 31, 2018 and January 31, 2018

See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements.

Mesabi Trust

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

Nine Months Ended October 31, 2018 and 2017

See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements.

Mesabi Trust

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

October 31, 2018 (Unaudited)

Note 1.  The financial statements and notes to financial statements included herein have been prepared without audit (except for the balance sheet at January 31, 2018) in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.  Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations.  In the opinion of the Trustees, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of (a) the results of operations for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, (b) the financial position at October 31, 2018 and (c) the cash flows for the nine months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, have been made.  For further information, refer to the financial statements and footnotes included in Mesabi Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2018.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Mesabi Trust adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers and ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Deferral of the Effective Date (“ASC 606”) on February 1, 2018 using the full retrospective transition method, under which it is required to revise its financial statements for the year ended January 31, 2018, as well as any applicable interim periods within the year ended January 31, 2018, as if ASC 606 had been effective for those periods. Under ASC 606, the Trust recognizes revenue in a way that depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. See Note 2 for disclosures required by ASU 2014-09, including the Trust’s revenue recognition accounting policies.

The cumulative effect of adopting ASC 606 was an increase in the January 31, 2018 unallocated reserve of approximately $99,000.

The following tables present the effect of the adoption of ASC 606 on the Trust’s financial statements included in this report.

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Note 2.  Net income per unit is based on 13,120,010 units outstanding during the period.

The Trust accounts for revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. All revenue is recognized as the performance obligations are satisfied.

Disaggregation of Revenues

The following table represents a disaggregation of revenue for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2018 and October 31, 2017:

Base overriding royalties

The performance obligation for the base overriding royalty consists of providing Northshore Mining Company (“Northshore”) access to the Peters Lands, Cloquet Lands, and Mesabi Lands and the right to mine on these lands.  The consideration to be received from this access relates to the volume of iron ore shipped by Northshore.  Mesabi Trust receives royalties at the greater of (i) the aggregate quantity of iron ore products shipped that were mined from Mesabi Trust Lands, and (ii) a portion of the aggregate quantity of all iron ore products shipped from Silver Bay that were mined from any lands, such portion being 90% of the first four million tons shipped from Silver Bay during such year, 85% of the next two million tons shipped during such year, and 25% of all tonnage shipped during such year in excess of six million tons.  The royalty percentage paid to the Trust increases as the aggregate tonnage of iron ore products shipped, attributable to the Trust, in any calendar year increases past each of the first four one-million ton volume thresholds.  The base overriding royalties contain variable consideration, as the transaction price is based on a percentage that varies based on the total cumulative tons of iron ore shipped for the calendar year.  The Trust estimates the variable consideration it expects to be entitled to receive over the contractual period associated with royalty agreement, which resets the royalty percentages at the beginning of each calendar year.  The Trust evaluates the estimate of the variable consideration to determine whether the estimate needs to be constrained; therefore, the Trust includes the variable consideration in the transaction price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.  For the base overriding royalties, the Trust estimates the base overriding royalty percentage using the expected value method, which calculates the estimate based off the historical, current, and forecasted shipments.  The Trust recognizes base overriding royalties on a quarterly basis based on the actual shipments for the fiscal quarter at the estimated royalty percentage as described above and based on the estimated prices for iron ore products sold under the Cliffs Pellet Agreements.

Bonus royalties

The performance obligation for the bonus royalties consists of providing Northshore Mining access to the Peters Lands, Cloquet Lands, and Mesabi Lands and the right to mine on these lands and the consideration to be received from this access relates to the volume of iron ore shipped by Northshore.  The Trust recognizes bonus royalties on a quarterly basis based on the actual shipments of the fiscal quarter at the actual royalty percentage for those shipments and based on the anticipated prices for iron ore products sold under the Cliffs Pellet Agreements.

Fee royalties

The performance obligation for the fee royalties consists of the volume of crude ore mined on a quarterly basis.  The Trust recognizes fee royalties on a quarterly basis based on the actual crude ore mined during the fiscal quarter.

Accrued income receivable

The accrued income receivable is included in net income per unit.  The Trust recorded $6,110,966 of accrued income receivable as reflected on the Condensed Balance Sheet as of October 31, 2018 (unaudited).  As of January 31, 2018, the Trust recorded accrued income receivable of $1,956,091.  Accrued income receivable is accounted for and reported for the Trust’s fiscal quarter based on shipments during the month of October at estimated prices for iron ore products sold under the

Cliffs Pellet Agreements, even though such accrued income receivable is not available for distribution to the holders of Certificates of Beneficial Interest in Mesabi Trust (“Unitholders”) until the applicable royalties are actually received by the Trust.  Accrued income receivable also includes accruals for anticipated pricing adjustments, which can be positive or negative.

Contract asset

A contract asset in the amount of $1,362,897 is reflected on the Condensed Balance Sheet as of October 31, 2018 (unaudited). As of January 31, 2018 the Trust recorded a contract asset of $99,264.  The contract asset is based on the revenue recognized on the base overriding royalties, at the estimated prices for iron ore products sold under the Cliffs Pellet Agreements, that will be collected in subsequent quarters as the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved.  The contract asset is not available for distribution to the Unitholders until the applicable royalties are actually received by the Trust.  The Trust includes estimated future royalty rates on current contracted volumes within contract asset.

Contract liability

The contract liability represents an estimate of decreases in royalty revenue related to tons of iron ore that were shipped by Northshore, but for which Northshore has indicated that final pricing is not yet known and is adjusted in accordance with the Trust’s revenue recognition policy each quarter as updated pricing information is received.

Note 3.  The Trustees determine whether to declare a distribution each year in April, July, October and January.  The Trust’s financial statements are prepared on an accrual basis and present the Trust’s results of operations based on each of the Trust’s fiscal quarters, which end one month after the close of each calendar quarter.  Because (i) distributions, if any, are declared by the Trustees based on, among other considerations, the amount of royalties actually paid to the Trust through the end of each calendar quarter prior to April, July, October and January of each year, the Trustees’ evaluation of known and projected Trust expenses in the current and future quarters, the then-current level of Unallocated Reserve and general economic conditions, and (ii) the Trust’s Net Income is calculated as of the end of each fiscal quarter, the distributions declared by the Trust are not equivalent to the Trust’s Net Income during the periods reported in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.

Note 4.  On October 26, 2018, the Trustees received the quarterly royalty report of iron ore product shipments from Silver Bay, Minnesota during the calendar quarter ended September 30, 2018 from Cleveland-Cliffs Inc., formerly known as Cliffs Natural Resources Inc. (“Cleveland-Cliffs”), the parent company of Northshore. On October 11, 2018, the Trustees declared a distribution of $0.94 per Unit of Beneficial Interest payable on November 20, 2018 to Mesabi Trust Unitholders of record at the close of business on October  30, 2018.

Each quarter, as authorized by the Agreement of Trust, the Trustees evaluate all relevant factors including all costs, expenses, obligations, and present and future liabilities of the Trust (whether fixed or contingent) in determining the prudent level of unallocated reserve in light of the unpredictable nature of the iron ore industry and current economic conditions.

Pursuant to the Agreement of Trust, the Trustees make decisions about cash distributions to Unitholders based on the royalty payments it receives from Northshore when received, rather than as royalty income is recorded in accordance with the Trust’s revenue recognition policy.  Refer to Note 3 for further information.

As of October 31, 2018 and January 31, 2018, the unallocated cash and U.S. Government securities portion of the Trust’s Unallocated Reserve was comprised of the following components:

A reconciliation of the Trust’s Unallocated Reserve from January 31, 2018 to October 31, 2018 is as follows:

Item 2.  Trustees’ Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  All such forward-looking statements, including those statements regarding estimation of iron ore pellet production, shipments or pricing, are based on information from the lessee/operator (and its parent corporation) of the mine located on the lands owned and held in trust for the benefit of the holders of units of beneficial interest of Mesabi Trust.  These statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking words, such as “may,” “will,” “could,” “project,” “predict,” “intend,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “estimate,” “continue,” “potential,” “plan,” “should,” “assume,” “forecast” and other similar words.  Such forward-looking statements are inherently subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties.  Actual results and future developments could differ materially from the results or developments expressed in or implied by these forward-looking statements.  These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, volatility of iron ore and steel prices, market supply and demand, competition, environmental hazards, health and safety conditions, regulation or government action, litigation and uncertainties about estimates of reserves.  Further, substantial portions of royalties earned by Mesabi Trust are based on estimated prices that are subject to interim and final adjustments, which can be positive or negative, and are dependent in part on multiple price and inflation index factors under agreements to which Mesabi Trust is not a party and that are not known until after the end of a contract year.  It is possible that future negative price adjustments could partially or even completely offset royalties or royalty income that would otherwise be payable to the Trust in any particular quarter, or at year-end, thereby potentially reducing cash available for distribution to the Trust’s Unitholders in future quarters.  For a discussion of the factors, including without limitation, those that could materially and adversely affect Mesabi Trust’s actual results and performance, see “Risk Factors” set forth on pages 2 through 10 of Mesabi Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2018, as updated by Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.  Mesabi Trust undertakes no obligation, other than that imposed by law, to make any revisions to the forward-looking statements contained in this filing or to update them to reflect circumstances occurring after the date of this filing.

This discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed financial statements and notes presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the financial statements and notes in the last filed Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended January 31, 2018 for a full understanding of Mesabi Trust’s financial position and results of operations for the three and nine month periods ended October 31, 2018.

Background

Mesabi Trust (“Mesabi Trust” or the “Trust”), formed pursuant to an Agreement of Trust dated July 18, 1961 (the “Agreement of Trust”), is a trust organized under the laws of the State of New York.  Mesabi Trust holds all of the interests formerly owned by Mesabi Iron Company (“MIC”), including all right, title and interest in the Amendment of Assignment, Assumption and Further Assignment of Peters Lease (the “Amended Assignment of Peters Lease”), the Amendment of Assignment, Assumption and Further Assignment of Cloquet Lease (the “Amended Assignment of Cloquet Lease” and together with the Amended Assignment of Peters Lease, the “Amended Assignment Agreements”), the beneficial interest in a trust organized under the laws of the State of Minnesota to administer the Mesabi Fee Lands (as defined below) as the trust corpus in compliance with the laws of the State of Minnesota on July 18, 1961 (the “Mesabi Land Trust”) and all other assets and property identified in the Agreement of Trust.  The Amended Assignment of Peters Lease relates to an Indenture made as of April 30, 1915 among East Mesaba Iron Company (“East Mesaba”), Dunka River Iron Company (“Dunka River”) and Claude W. Peters (the “Peters Lease”) and the Amended Assignment of Cloquet Lease relates to an Indenture made May 1, 1916 between Cloquet Lumber Company and Claude W. Peters (the “Cloquet Lease”).

The Agreement of Trust specifically prohibits the Trustees from entering into or engaging in any business.  This prohibition applies even to business activities the Trustees may deem necessary or proper for the preservation and protection of the Trust Estate.  Accordingly, the Trustees’ activities in connection with the administration of Trust assets are limited to collecting income, paying expenses and liabilities, distributing net income to the holders of Certificates of Beneficial Interest in Mesabi Trust (“Unitholders”) after the payment of, or provision for, such expenses and liabilities, and protecting and conserving the assets held by the Trust.

The Trustees do not intend to expand their responsibilities beyond those permitted or required by the Agreement of Trust, the Amendment to the Agreement of Trust dated October 25, 1982 (the “Amendment”), and those required under applicable law.  Mesabi Trust has no employees, but it engages independent consultants to assist the Trustees in, among other things, monitoring the volume and sales prices of iron ore products shipped from Silver Bay, Minnesota, based on information supplied to the Trustees by Northshore, the lessee/operator of the lands leased under the Peters Lease and Cloquet Lease (the “Peters Lease Lands” and “Cloquet Lease Lands,” respectively) and the 20% fee interest of certain lands that are particularly described in, and subject to a mining lease under, the Peters Lease (the “Mesabi Fee Lands,” and together with the Peters Lease Lands and Cloquet Lease Lands, the “Mesabi Trust Lands”), and its parent company Cleveland-Cliffs.  References to Northshore in this quarterly report, unless the context requires otherwise, are applicable to Cleveland-Cliffs as well.