UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549



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FORM 10-Q



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For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018



or



For the transition period from                    to                    



Commission file number 001-36507



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ServiceMaster Global Holdings, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



150 Peabody Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38103

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

901-597-1400

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).



The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of October 31, 2018: 135,673,040 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share.



 



 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS





 

 



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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION



ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

(In millions, except per share data)







See accompanying Notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (Unaudited)

(In millions, except share data)

                





See accompanying Notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(In millions)

See accompanying Notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 

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SERVICEMASTER GLOBAL HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

ServiceMaster Global Holdings, Inc. and its majority-owned subsidiary partnerships, limited liability companies and corporations (collectively, “ServiceMaster,” the “Company,” “we,” “us, and “our”) is a leading provider of essential residential and commercial services. The Company’s services include termite and pest control, home service plans, disaster restoration, janitorial, residential cleaning, cabinet and wood furniture repair and home inspection. The Company provides these services through an extensive service network of company-owned, franchised and licensed locations operating primarily under the following leading brands: Terminix, American Home Shield, ServiceMaster Restore, ServiceMaster Clean, Merry Maids, Furniture Medic and AmeriSpec. All consolidated Company subsidiaries are wholly-owned. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The Company recommends that the quarterly unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, as filed with the SEC (the “2017 Form 10-K”). The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for any interim period are not indicative of the results that might be achieved for a full year.

American Home Shield Spin-off

On October 1, 2018, the Company completed the previously announced spin-off of its American Home Shield business.  The separation was effectuated through a pro rata dividend (the “Distribution”) to the Company’s stockholders of approximately 80.2% of the outstanding shares of common stock of frontdoor, inc. (“Frontdoor”), which was formed as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company to hold its American Home Shield business.  As a result of the Distribution, Frontdoor is an independent public company that trades on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “FTDR”.

The Distribution was made to the Company’s stockholders of record as of the close of business on September 14, 2018 (the “Record Date”), and such stockholders received one share of Frontdoor common stock for every two shares of ServiceMaster common stock held as of the close of business on the Record Date.  The Company distributed 67,781,527 shares of common stock of Frontdoor in the Distribution and retained 16,734,092 shares, or approximately 19.8%, of the common stock of Frontdoor immediately following the Distribution. The Company currently intends to responsibly dispose of all of the Frontdoor common stock that it retained after the Distribution through one or more subsequent exchanges for debt by June 14, 2019.

The American Home Shield Segment is reported in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q in continuing operations. Beginning with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2018, the American Home Shield Segment will be reported in discontinued operations.

In connection with the Distribution, on September 28, 2018, the Company and Frontdoor entered into a separation and distribution agreement as well as various other agreements that govern the relationships between the parties following the Distribution, including a transition services agreement, a tax matters agreement and an employee matters agreement. These agreements provide for the allocation between ServiceMaster and Frontdoor of assets, liabilities and obligations attributable to periods prior to, at and after the Distribution and govern certain relationships between ServiceMaster and Frontdoor after the Distribution.

Refer to Note 5 for a discussion of charges incurred related to the Distribution.

 



Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies

The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2017 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to the significant accounting policies for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, other than those described below.

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” to provide a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606 using the modified retrospective method for those contracts which were not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under ASC 605, “Revenue Recognition.” The Company implemented internal controls and system functionality where necessary to enable the preparation of financial information on adoption. See Note 3 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for more details.

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In January 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-01, “Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” to change how entities measure certain equity investments, to require the disclosure of changes in the fair value of financial liabilities measured under the fair value option that are attributable to a company’s own credit, and to change certain other disclosure requirements. The changes in ASU 2016-01 specifically require that the changes in fair value of all investments in equity securities be recognized in net income. In March 2018, the FASB issued an amendment to this standard (ASU 2018-03), which provides further clarification regarding this standard. The Company adopted this ASU on January 1, 2018. As a result of the adoption, approximately $2 million was reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) to Accumulated deficit related to unrealized gains on available-for-sale equity securities upon adoption.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business.” The ASU clarifies the definition of a business to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses by providing a screen to determine when an integrated set of assets or activities is not a business. The Company adopted this ASU on January 1, 2018. The consolidated financial statements may be impacted if an acquisition does not qualify as a business combination under the ASU. Such acquisitions would be accounted for as asset purchases.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, “Stock Compensation – Scope of Modification Accounting.” The ASU clarifies the scope of modification accounting for share-based payment arrangements. Specifically, an entity would not apply modification accounting if the fair value, vesting conditions and classification of the awards are the same immediately before and after the modification. The Company adopted this ASU on January 1, 2018 and applied the guidance prospectively to awards modified on or after the adoption date.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income” allowing a reclassification from AOCI to Retained Earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the corporate income tax rate change in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act” or “U.S. Tax Reform”). It is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2018. As allowed by the ASU, the Company elected to early adopt the amendments of this ASU on January 1, 2018 and reclassified approximately $4 million of unrealized losses from AOCI to Accumulated deficit.

Following are the results of the adoption of these standards on the Company’s consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity previously reported:

Accounting Standards Issued But Not Yet Effective

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” which is the final standard on accounting for leases. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-10 and ASU 2018-11, which amend ASU 2016-02 to provide companies an alternative transition method whereby it may elect to recognize and measure leases by applying the cumulative impact of adopting ASU 2016-02 to the opening retained earnings balance in the period of adoption, thereby removing the requirement that the financial statements of prior periods be restated. The Company plans to utilize this alternative transition method. While both lessees and lessors are affected by the new guidance, the effects on lessees are much more significant. The most significant change for lessees is the requirement under the new guidance to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for all leases not considered short-term leases. Entities are required to use a modified retrospective approach to adopt the guidance. The amendments in ASU 2016-02 are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company will adopt the new lease guidance effective January 1, 2019. The Company intends to elect the available practical expedients upon adoption. The Company remains on schedule and is in the process of implementing key system functionality to enable the preparation of additional financial statements and disclosures. The Company anticipates the standard will have a material impact on the consolidated statements of financial position. However, the Company does not expect adoption will have a material impact on the consolidated statements of operations. While the Company continues to assess potential impacts to the standard, the most significant impact currently expected will be the recognition of right of use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases. The Company expects its accounting for capital leases to remain substantially unchanged.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.” The ASU simplifies certain aspects of hedge accounting and improves disclosures of hedging arrangements through the elimination of the requirement to separately measure and report hedge ineffectiveness. The ASU generally requires the entire change in the fair value of a hedging instrument to be presented in the same income statement line as the hedged item in order to align financial reporting of hedging relationships with economic results. Entities must apply the amendments to cash

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flow and net investment hedge relationships that exist on the date of adoption using a modified retrospective approach. The presentation and disclosure requirements must be applied prospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2017-12, including transition elections and required disclosures, on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and plans to adopt the new standard in the first quarter of 2019.

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-09, “Codification Improvements.” This ASU does not prescribe any new accounting guidance, but instead makes minor improvements and clarifications of several different FASB Accounting Standards Codification areas based on comments and suggestions made by various stakeholders. Certain updates are applicable immediately while others provide for a transition period to adopt as part of the next fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating this guidance to determine the impact it may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement.” This ASU modifies the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements by removing, modifying, or adding certain disclosures. The amendments in ASU 2018-13 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for the removed disclosures and delayed adoption is permitted until fiscal 2021 for the new disclosures. The Company is currently evaluating the disclosure changes necessary to its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software: Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract.” This ASU requires implementation costs incurred by customers in cloud computing arrangements (i.e., hosting arrangements) to be capitalized under the same premises of authoritative guidance for internal-use software, and deferred over the noncancellable term of the cloud computing arrangements plus any option renewal periods that are reasonably certain to be exercised by the customer or for which the exercise is controlled by the service provider. The amendments in ASU 2018-15 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the SEC adopted the final rule under SEC Release No. 33-10532, “Disclosure Update and Simplification,” amending certain disclosure requirements that were redundant, duplicative, overlapping, outdated or superseded. In addition, the amendments expanded the disclosure requirements on the analysis of stockholders' equity for interim financial statements. Under the amendments, an analysis of changes in each caption of stockholders' equity presented in the balance sheet must be provided in a note or separate statement. The analysis should present a reconciliation of the beginning balance to the ending balance of each period for which a statement of comprehensive income is required to be filed. This final rule is effective on November 5, 2018, with relief provided for filings made shortly after the final rule’s effective date in SEC Question 105.09 of the Exchange Act Forms C&DIs. The Company adopted this final rule on November 5, 2018, and will present a reconciliation of changes in stockholders’ equity in its next quarterly filing on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2019.

The Company has reviewed all other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements and does not expect the future adoption of any such pronouncements will have a material impact on its financial condition or the results of its operations.

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Note 3. Revenues 



The following table presents the Company’s reportable segment revenues, disaggregated by revenue source. The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers into major product lines. The Company has determined that disaggregating revenue into these categories achieves the disclosure objective to depict how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. As noted in the business segment reporting information in Note 15, the Company’s reportable segments are Terminix, American Home Shield and Franchise Services Group.



At contract inception, the Company assesses the goods and services promised in its contracts with customers and identifies a performance obligation for each promise to transfer to the customer a good or service (or a bundle of goods and services) that is distinct. To identify the performance obligation, the Company considers all of the goods and services promised in the contract regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices.

Terminix segment

Residential pest control services

Residential pest control services can be for one-time or recurring services. Revenues from residential pest control services are recognized at the agreed-upon contractual amount over time as the services are provided, most of which are started and completed within one day, as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are performed. Upon completion of service, a receivable is recorded related to this revenue as the Company has an unconditional right to invoice and receive payment. Payments are typically received shortly after services have been rendered.

Commercial pest control services

Commercial pest control services are largely for recurring services.  Revenues from commercial pest control services are recognized at the agreed-upon contractual amount over time as the services are provided, most of which are started and completed within one day, as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are performed. Upon completion of service, a receivable is recorded related to this revenue as the Company has an unconditional right to invoice and receive payment. Payments are typically received shortly after services have been rendered.

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Termite and other services

The Company eradicates termites through the use of baiting systems and non-baiting methods (e.g., fumigation or liquid treatments). Termite services using liquid and baiting systems are sold through annual renewable contracts. The Company also performs other termite related services, including wildlife exclusion, crawl space encapsulation and attic insulation, which may be one-time or renewable services. Revenue for termite services are recognized at the agreed-upon contractual amount upon the completion of the service. All termite services are generally started and completed within one day. Upon completion of the service, a receivable is recorded related to this revenue as the Company has an unconditional right to invoice and receive payment. Payments are typically received shortly after services have been rendered.

Most termite services can be renewed after the initial year. Revenue on renewal contracts is recognized upon completion of an annual inspection and receipt of payment from the customer which evidences the extension of the contract into a renewal period. Advanced renewal payments generate a contract liability and are deferred until the related renewal period.

Termite inspection and protection contracts are frequently sold through annual contracts. For these contracts, the Company has a stand ready obligation of which the customer receives and consumes the benefits over the annual period. Associated service costs are expensed as incurred. The Company measures progress toward satisfaction of its stand ready obligation over time using costs incurred as the measure of progress under the input method, which results in straight-line recognition of revenue. Payments are received at the commencement of the contract, which generates a contract liability, or in installments over the contract period.

Sales of products and other 

Product revenues are generated from selling products to distributors and franchisees. Revenues from product sales are generally recognized once control of the products transfers to the customer. A receivable is recorded related to these sales as the Company has an unconditional right to invoice and receive payment. Payments are typically received shortly after a customer is invoiced.

American Home Shield segment

Home service plans

Home service plan contracts are sold through annual renewable contracts and customer payments are received at the commencement of the contract or in installments over the contract period, which generates a contract liability. The Company recognizes revenue related to these contracts at the agreed-upon contractual amount over time using the input method in proportion to the costs expected to be incurred in performing services under the contracts. As the costs to fulfill the obligations of the service plan contracts are incurred on an other than straight-line basis, the Company utilizes historical evidence to estimate the expected claims expense and related timing of such costs. This adjustment to the straight-line revenue creates a contract asset or contract liability. The Company regularly reviews its estimates of claims costs and adjusts the estimates when appropriate.

Franchise Services Group segment

Royalty fees

The Company has franchise agreements in its ServiceMaster Restore, ServiceMaster Clean, Merry Maids, Furniture Medic and AmeriSpec businesses. Royalty fee revenue consists principally of sales-based royalties received as part of the consideration for the franchise right and is calculated as a percentage of customer level revenue. Revenue is recognized by the Company at the agreed-upon contractual rates over time as the customer level revenue is generated by the franchisees. A receivable is recognized for an estimate of the unreported royalty fees, which are reported and remitted to the Company in arrears.

Janitorial national accounts

National account revenues are recognized at the agreed-upon contractual amounts over time as services are completed based on contractual arrangements to provide services at the customers’ locations. The Company engages either a franchisee or non-franchisee business to perform the services. Under these agreements, the Company is directly responsible for providing the services and receives payment directly from the customer. A receivable is recorded related to this revenue as the Company has an unconditional right to invoice and receive payment. Payments are typically received shortly after services have been rendered.

Sales of products and other

Product revenues are generated from selling products to franchisees. Revenues from product sales are generally recognized once control of the products transfers to the customer. A receivable is recorded related to these sales as the Company has an unconditional right to invoice and receive payment. Payments are typically received shortly after a customer is invoiced.

Initial franchise fees result from the sale of a franchise license, which includes the use of the name, trademarks and proprietary methods. The franchise license is considered symbolic intellectual property and revenue related to the sale of this right is recognized at the agreed-upon contractual amount over the term of the initial franchise agreement.

Franchisees contribute a percentage of customer level revenue into a national advertising fund managed by the Company. In cases where the Company has ultimate control of the marketing and advertising, the Company recognizes both revenue and expense

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for the amount earned.  Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, this revenue was recorded net of the advertising expense incurred.  The impact to revenues as a result of applying ASC 606 was an increase of  $4 million and $11 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

In addition, the Company has contractual arrangements with several national insurance companies to maintain a call center which receives and provides non-recurring disaster recovery and restoration referrals from the insurers to qualifying franchisees. The Company receives a referral fee from the franchisee. The Company recognizes the referral fee at the agreed-upon contractual amount as revenue in the month the referral is issued.

Costs to obtain a contract with a customer

Terminix and American Home Shield

The Company capitalizes the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer, primarily commissions, and recognizes the expense on a straight-line basis over the expected customer relationship period. As of January 1, 2018, the date the Company adopted ASC 606, the Company capitalized a total of $61 million at Terminix and $21 million at American Home Shield in deferred customer acquisition costs related to contracts that were not completed. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had long-term deferred customer acquisition costs of $78 million at Terminix and $21 million at American Home Shield related to contracts that were not completed. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the amount of amortization was $18 million and $50 million, respectively, at Terminix and $6 million and $17 million, respectively, at American Home Shield. There was no impairment loss in relation to costs capitalized.

Franchise Services Group

The Company capitalizes the incremental costs of selling a new franchise license, primarily commissions, and recognizes the expense over the term of the initial franchise agreement. As of January 1, 2018, the date the Company adopted ASC 606, the Company capitalized a total of $1 million in deferred customer acquisition costs related to contracts that were not completed. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had capitalized a total of $1 million in deferred customer acquisition costs related to contracts that were not completed. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the amount of amortization was less than $1 million and $1 million, respectively. There was no impairment loss in relation to costs capitalized.

Contract balances

Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. Contracts with customers are generally for a period of one year or less, and are generally renewable. The Company records a receivable related to revenue recognized on services once the Company has an unconditional right to invoice and receive payment in the future related to the services provided. All accounts receivables are recorded within Receivables, less allowances, on the condensed consolidated statements of financial position. The current portion of Notes receivable, which represent amounts financed for customers through the Company’s financing subsidiary, are included within Receivables, less allowances, on the condensed consolidated statement of financial position and totaled $44 million as of September 30, 2018.

Deferred revenue represents a contract liability and is recognized when cash payments are received in advance of the performance of services, including when the amounts are refundable. For Terminix, amounts are recognized as revenue upon completion of services. For American Home Shield, amounts are recognized as revenue in proportion to the costs expected to be incurred in performing services under the Company’s contracts.

Deferred revenue by segment was as follows (in millions):



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Changes in deferred revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 were as follows (in millions):





There was approximately $51 million and $247 million of revenue recognized in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of January 1, 2018.

At American Home Shield, there was a contract asset of $29 million as of September 30, 2018, included within Prepaid expenses and other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, related to the recognition of American Home Shield monthly pay customer revenue on an other than straight-line basis to match the timing of cost recognition.

Arrangements with Multiple Performance Obligations

The Company’s contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, we allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. Any discounts given are allocated to the services to which the discounts relate.

Practical Expedients and Exemptions

The Company offers certain interest-free contracts to customers where payments are received over a period not exceeding one year. Additionally, certain Terminix customers may pay in advance for services and American Home Shield customers have the option to pay for an annual home service plan in advance. The Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of these financing components. At contract inception, the period of time between the performance of services and the customer payment is one year or less.

Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers which are subsequently remitted to taxing authorities.

The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.

Certain non-commission related incremental costs to obtain a contract with a customer are expensed as incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs are included in Selling and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

The Company utilizes the portfolio approach to recognize revenue in situations where a portfolio of contracts have similar characteristics. The revenue recognized under the portfolio approach is not materially different than if every individual contract in the portfolio was accounted for separately.

Impact of ASC 606 on the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The Company recorded a net reduction to opening retained earnings of $16 million, net of tax, as of January 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 606. Changes to the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income include: i) costs of obtaining a contract that would have been incurred regardless of whether the contract was obtained, such as direct mail and digital advertising, are now expensed as incurred; ii) initial fees and the related commissions from sales of franchise licenses, previously recognized in the year of the sale, are now recognized over the term of the initial franchise agreement; iii) Franchise Services Group national advertising fund income, previously recorded net of advertising expense incurred for the Company’s advertising programs, will now be reported gross, generally with offsetting increases to both revenue and expense such that there will not be a significant, if any, impact on net income; and iv) commissions costs at Terminix and American Home Shield incremental to a successful sale are deferred and recognized over the expected customer relationship period. Previously, commissions and other sales-related costs were deferred and recognized over the initial contract period.

Changes to the condensed consolidated statements of financial position include: i) the reclassification of Receivables to contract assets which are presented net of contract liabilities within Deferred revenue and ii) the reclassification of Deferred customer acquisition costs to long-term assets as costs are recognized over the expected customer relationship period, which is in excess of one year. Previously, when a customer elected to pay for their home service plan contract on a monthly basis, Receivables and Deferred revenue were recorded based on the total amount due from the customer. Receivables were reduced as amounts were paid, and the Deferred revenue was amortized over the life of the contract. Currently, only the portion of the contract that is due in the current month will be recorded within Receivables.

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The following tables compare affected lines of the condensed consolidated financial statements as prepared under the provisions of ASC 606 to a presentation of these financial statements under the prior revenue recognition guidance (in millions):













 The adoption of ASC 606 had no significant impact on the Company’s cash flows. The aforementioned impacts resulted in offsetting shifts in cash flows from operations between net income and various change in working capital line items.

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Note 4. Restructuring Charges

The Company incurred restructuring charges of $1 million (less than $1 million, net of tax) and $14 million ($10 million, net of tax) in the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $13 million ($10 million, net of tax) and $17 million ($12 million, net of tax) in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Restructuring charges were comprised of the following:





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The pretax charges discussed above are reported in Restructuring charges in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Certain restructuring comparative figures in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income and statements of cash flows have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

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A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of accrued restructuring charges, which are included in Accrued liabilities—Other on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of financial position, is presented as follows:



The company expects substantially all of its accrued restructuring charges to be paid by December 31, 2019.

Note 5. American Home Shield Spin-Off

The Company’s financial statements include nonrecurring costs incurred to evaluate, plan and execute the spin-off of the American Home Shield Segment to Company stockholders. These costs are primarily related to third-party consulting and other incremental costs directly associated with the spin-off process. At December 31, 2017, the Company had $1 million of American Home Shield spin-off charges accrued, and $2 million of prepaid spin-off charges which were recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The Company’s results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 include American Home Shield spin-off charges of $8 million ($6 million, net of tax) and $23 million ($18 million, net of tax), respectively. Of this amount, $7 million was unpaid and accrued at September 30, 2018 in Accrued liabilities – Other and Accounts payable on the condensed consolidated statements of financial position. The Company expects substantially all of the American Home Shield spin-off charges to be paid within one year. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company incurred $7 million of professional fees and other costs related to the spin-off.

The Company expects to incur aggregate charges related to the spin-off of $35 million to $45 million in 2018. In addition, incremental capital expenditures will be required to effect the spin-off in 2018 and will range from $20 million to $30 million, principally reflecting costs to replicate information technology systems historically shared by the Company’s business units.

Note 6. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company carries insurance policies on insurable risks at levels that it believes to be appropriate, including workers’ compensation, automobile and general liability risks. The Company purchases insurance policies from third-party insurance carriers, which typically incorporate significant deductibles or self-insured retentions. The Company is responsible for all claims that fall below the retention limits, exceed our coverage limits or are otherwise not covered by our insurance policies. In determining the Company’s accrual for self-insured claims, the Company uses historical claims experience to establish both the current year accrual and the underlying provision for future losses. This actuarially determined provision and related accrual include known claims, as well as incurred but not reported claims. The Company adjusts its estimate of accrued self-insured claims when required to reflect changes based on factors such as changes in health care costs, accident frequency and claim severity.

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A reconciliation of beginning and ending accrued self-insured claims, which are included in Accrued liabilities—Self-insured claims and related expenses and Other long-term obligations, primarily self-insured claims on the condensed consolidated statements of financial position, net of insurance recoverables, which are included in Prepaid expenses and other assets and Other assets on the condensed consolidated statements of financial position, is presented as follows:



The Company also accrues for home service plan claims and termite damage claims in Accrued liabilities-Self-insured claims and related expenses. Accruals for home service plan claims in the American Home Shield Segment are made based on the Company’s claims experience and actuarial projections. The Company’s actuary performs a reserve analysis utilizing generally accepted actuarial methods that incorporates cumulative historical claims experience and information provided by the Company. The Company regularly reviews its estimates of claims costs and adjusts the estimates when appropriate. Reserves are established based on the ultimate cost to settle claims. Home service plan claims take about three months to settle, on average, and substantially all claims are settled within six months. The amount of time required to settle a claim can vary based on a number of factors, including whether a replacement is ultimately required. Termite damage claim accruals in the Terminix business are recorded based on both the historical rates of claims incurred within a contract year and the cost per claim. Current activity could differ causing a change in estimates.

The Company has certain liabilities with respect to existing or potential claims, lawsuits and other proceedings. The Company accrues for these liabilities when it is probable that future costs will be incurred and such costs can be reasonably estimated. Any resulting adjustments, which could be material, are recorded in the period the adjustments are identified.

On December 16, 2016, the U.S. Virgin Islands Department of Justice filed a civil complaint in the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands related to a fumigation incident in a matter styled Government of the United States Virgin Islands v. The ServiceMaster Company, LLC, The Terminix International Company Limited Partnership, and Terminix International USVI, LLC. The amount and extent of any potential penalties, fines sanctions, costs and damages that the federal or other governmental authorities may yet impose, investigation or other costs and reputational harm, as well as the impact of any additional civil, criminal or other claims or judicial, administrative or regulatory proceedings resulting from or related to the U.S. Virgin Islands fumigation matter, which could be material, is not currently known, and any such further penalties, fines, sanctions, costs or damages would not be covered under the Company’s general liability policies.

In the ordinary course of conducting business activities, the Company and its subsidiaries become involved in judicial, administrative and regulatory proceedings involving both private parties and governmental authorities. These proceedings include insured and uninsured matters that are brought on an individual, collective, representative and class action basis, or other proceedings involving regulatory, employment, general and commercial liability, automobile liability, wage and hour, environmental and other matters. The Company has entered into settlement agreements in certain cases, including with respect to putative collective and class actions, which are subject to court or other approvals, and which require compliance with the terms of the agreements. If one or more of the Company’s settlements are not finally approved and implemented, the Company could have additional or different exposure, which could be material. Subject to the paragraphs above, the Company does not expect any of these proceedings to have a material effect on its reputation, business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows; however, the Company can give no assurance that the results of any such proceedings will not materially affect our reputation, business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

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Note 7. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized and are subject to assessment for impairment by applying a fair-value based test on an annual basis or more frequently if circumstances indicate a potential impairment. The Company’s annual assessment date is October 1. There were no goodwill or trade name impairment charges recorded in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. There were no accumulated impairment losses recorded as of September 30, 2018. The table below summarizes the goodwill balances for continuing operations by reportable segment:





The table below summarizes the other intangible asset balances for continuing operations:





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For the existing intangible assets, the Company anticipates amortization expense for the remainder of 2018 and each of the next five years of $8 million, $25 million,  $22 million, $18 million, $14 million and $12 million, respectively.

 



Note 8. Stock-Based Compensation

For the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $3 million ($2 million, net of tax) and $1 million ($1 million, net of tax), respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $11 million ($8 million, net of tax) and $10 million ($6 million, net of tax), respectively. These charges are recorded within Selling and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

As of September 30, 2018 there was $29 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance shares granted under the Amended and Restated ServiceMaster Global Holdings, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Omnibus Incentive Plan”). These remaining costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.39 years.



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Note 9. Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income, which primarily includes net income (loss), unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments and the effect of foreign currency translation gain, is disclosed in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Unrealized gains on marketable securities of $3 million ($2 million, net of tax) were included in other comprehensive income prior to the Company’s adoption of ASU 2016-01 on January 1, 2018. Subsequent to the adoption, these unrealized gains have been reclassified to retained earnings. Additionally, stranded tax effects of approximately $4 million resulting from the corporate income tax rate change in U.S. Tax Reform were reclassified upon the Company’s adoption of ASU 2018-02 on January 1, 2018. The income tax effects remaining in AOCI will be released into earnings as the related pre-tax amounts are reclassified to earnings.

The following tables summarize the activity in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of the related tax effects.



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Note 10. Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Supplemental information relating to the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows is presented in the following table:

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, Cash and cash equivalents of $521 million and $475 million, respectively, and Restricted cash of $89 million and $89 million, respectively, as presented on the condensed consolidated statements of financial position represent the amounts comprising Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash of $610 million and $563 million, respectively, on the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows. 

As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, Cash and cash equivalents of $456 million and $291 million, respectively, and Restricted cash of $89 million and $95 million, respectively, as presented on the condensed consolidated statements of financial position represent the amounts comprising Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash of $545 million and $386 million, respectively, on the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.

The Company acquired $24 million and $30 million of property and equipment through capital leases and other non-cash  financing transactions in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, which have been excluded from the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows as non-cash investing and financing activities. 

The proceeds from the Frontdoor debt issuances described in Note 12 were retained by the lender in satisfaction of the short-term credit facility and have been excluded from the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows as non-cash financing activities.

 



Note 11. Cash and Marketable Securities

Cash, money market funds and certificates of deposits with maturities of three months or less when purchased are included in Cash and cash equivalents on the condensed consolidated statements of financial position. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company’s investments consisted primarily of treasury bills (“Debt securities”) and common equity securities (“Equity securities”). The amortized cost, fair value and gross realized and unrealized gains and losses of the Company’s short- and long-term investments in Debt and Equity securities are as follows:





Following the adoption of ASC 2016-01, the Company accounts for equity securities at fair value with adjustments to fair value recognized in Interest and net investment income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, approximately $1 million of unrealized losses were recorded within Interest and net investment income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. There were no unrealized gains or losses recognized for the three months ended September 30, 2018.

The Company periodically reviews its debt securities to determine whether there has been an other than temporary decline in value. There were no impairment charges due to declines in the value of these investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018.

 

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Additionally, the Company holds minority interests in several strategic investments which do not have readily determinable fair values and are recorded at cost and are remeasured upon the occurrence of observable price changes or impairments. We account for these investments at fair value with adjustments to fair value recognized in unrealized gain/(loss) on investments in our condensed consolidated statements of operations within Interest and net investment income. The investments are included within Other Assets on the condensed consolidated statements of financial position. At September 30, 2018, the carrying amount of these investments is $5 million, which increased approximately $1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018.



Note 12. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt is summarized in the following table:



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Extinguishment of Debt and Repurchase of Notes

In connection with the spin-off of the American Home Shield Segment, the Company borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $1 billion under a short-term credit facility on August 1, 2018, the proceeds of which were used to prepay $982 million aggregate principal amount of term loans outstanding under the Company’s senior secured term loan facility. Such prepayment resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $10 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. On August 16, 2018, Frontdoor incurred in favor of the Company $350 million aggregate principal of 6.75% Senior Notes due 2026 and a $650 million senior secured term loan facility, and obtained a $250 million senior secured revolving credit facility. The Company then transferred and assigned its rights and obligations in respect of Frontdoor’s senior notes and senior secured term loan facility to the lender under such short-term credit facility through a debt-for-debt exchange to satisfy the Company’s obligations thereunder.

On October 1, 2018, in connection with the spin-off of the American Home Shield Segment, Frontdoor’s senior secured term loan facility and senior notes were included in the transfer of assets and liabilities to Frontdoor, reducing the Company’s total long-term debt by approximately $1 billion.

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On September 18, 2017, the Company purchased $13 million in aggregate principal amount of its 7.25% notes maturing in 2038 at a price of 105% of the principal amount using available cash. On May 11, 2017, the Company purchased $17 million in aggregate principal amount of its 7.25% notes maturing in 2038 at a price of 97% of the principal amount using available cash. The repurchased notes were delivered to the trustee for cancellation.  In connection with these partial repurchases, the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $3 million and $6 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively.

Interest Rate Swaps

Interest rate swap agreements in effect as of September 30, 2018 are as follows:

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(1)During the third quarter of 2018, concurrent with the repayment of $982 million of its term loan facility, the Company de-designated $7 million of its interest rate swap.

(2)Before the application of the applicable borrowing margin.

 





Note 13. Acquisitions

Acquisitions have been accounted for as business combinations using the acquisition method and, accordingly, the results of operations of the acquired businesses have been included in the condensed consolidated financial statements since their dates of acquisition. Asset acquisitions have been accounted for under ASU 2017-01. The assets and liabilities of these businesses were recorded in the financial statements at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition dates.

On March 30, 2018, the Company acquired all of the outstanding stock of Copesan Services, Inc. (“Copesan”) for an aggregate purchase price of $148 million, subject to certain post-closing net working capital adjustments. The acquisition is expected to improve Terminix’s capabilities in commercial pest control as Copesan is expected to provide the Company with significant expertise, system capabilities and processes for delivering pest management solutions to sophisticated commercial customers. The Company funded $104 million at closing using available cash on hand. An additional $35 million of deferred purchase price and up to $10 million earnout contingent on the successful achievement of projected revenue targets are both due to the sellers three years from the acquisition date. Changes in projected revenue would result in a change in the fair value of the recorded earnout obligation. Subsequent changes to the estimated earnout obligation will be recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income when incurred.

As a result of this acquisition, the Company recognized a preliminary value of $103 million of goodwill, which is primarily attributable to the expected benefits from synergies of the combination with existing businesses and growth opportunities and Copesan’s workforce and is not deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill changed from the preliminary values recognized at March 31, 2018, and June 30, 2018, of $98 million and $104 million, respectively, reflecting the valuation work completed to date and the receipt of additional information which resulted in adjustments to working capital accounts.

As of September 30, 2018, the presentation of Copesan in the condensed consolidated financial statements is preliminary and may change in future periods as fair value estimates of the assets acquired are refined during the measurement period. As of September 30, 2018, the Company is still evaluating working capital balances and the fair value and useful lives of the acquired intangible assets. The Company expects to complete the purchase price allocation no later than the fourth quarter of 2018.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company completed six additional pest control acquisitions which have been accounted for as business combinations and purchased a ServiceMaster Restore master distributor within the Franchise Services Group which has been accounted for as an asset acquisition in accordance with ASU 2017-01. The Company funded $57 million at closing for these acquisitions using available cash on hand. An additional $7 million of deferred purchase price and up to $4 million of earnouts contingent on the successful achievement of projected revenue and earnings targets are due to the sellers between one and five years from the acquisition dates. As a result of these acquisitions, the Company recorded a preliminary value of $47 million of goodwill, and $17 million of other intangibles, primarily customer lists and reacquired rights. As of September 30, 2018, the purchase price allocations for these acquisitions have not been finalized as the Company is still evaluating working capital balances and the fair value and useful lives of the acquired intangible assets. The Company expects to complete the purchase price allocations no later than the first quarter of 2019.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company completed two pest control acquisitions and purchased a ServiceMaster Clean master distributor within the Franchise Services Group. The total purchase price for these acquisitions was $15 million. The Company recorded goodwill of $1 million and other intangibles, primarily reacquired rights, of $13 million related to these acquisitions. 

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Supplemental cash flow information regarding the acquisitions is as follows:



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Acquisition related costs were $1 million and $2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Note 14. Income Taxes

As required by ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” the Company computes interim period income taxes by applying an anticipated annual effective tax rate to the Company’s year-to-date income or loss from continuing operations before income taxes, except for significant unusual or infrequently occurring items. The Company’s estimated tax rate is adjusted each quarter in accordance with ASC 740.

The effective tax rate on income from continuing operations was 29.1 percent and 29.6 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The effective tax rate on income from continuing operations for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017, was primarily affected by the reduction in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent and excess tax benefits for share-based awards, respectively.

The effective tax rate on income from continuing operations was 27.2 percent and 35.0 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The effective tax rate on income from continuing operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017, was primarily affected by the reduction in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent and excess tax benefits for share-based awards, respectively.

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had $15 million and $14 million, respectively, of tax benefits primarily reflected in state tax returns that have not been recognized for financial reporting purposes (“unrecognized tax benefits”). Based on information currently available, it is reasonably possible that over the next 12 month period unrecognized tax benefits may decrease by $3 million as the result of settlements of ongoing audits, statute of limitation expirations or final settlements of uncertain tax positions in multiple jurisdictions. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest income, interest expense and penalties related to its tax positions within the tax provision. 

On December 22, 2017, U.S. Tax Reform was signed into law. The Act includes numerous changes in existing tax law, including a permanent reduction in the federal corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent, effective January 1, 2018. The adjustments to deferred tax assets and liabilities and the liability related to the transition tax recorded in the period ending December 31, 2017 are provisional amounts. As described below, the Company has made reasonable estimates. At September 30, 2018, the Company has considered all available information. These amounts are subject to change as the Company obtains information necessary to complete the calculations. The Company will recognize any changes to the provisional amounts within (Benefit) Provision for Income Taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income as estimates of deferred tax assets and liabilities and interpretations of the application of the Act are refined. The Company expects to complete its analysis of the provisional items described further below during the fourth quarter of 2018. The effects of other provisions of the Act are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

Corporate Tax Rate Change

The Company is subject to the provisions of the FASB ASC 740-10, Income Taxes, which requires that the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates be recognized in the period the tax rate change was enacted. The Company remeasured deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the new U.S. tax rates at which they are expected to reverse in the future, which is generally 21 percent. The provisional amount recorded at December 31, 2017 relating to the remeasurement of these deferred tax balances was a net reduction of total deferred tax liabilities of $271 million. During the third quarter of 2018, the Company recorded a provisional discrete net tax expense of $4 million related to adjustments to the remeasurement of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities as a result of the US federal tax return filing and other related matters. The Company is still analyzing certain aspects of the Act and refining calculations, which could potentially affect these deferred tax balances or potentially give rise to changes in existing deferred tax amounts. Any subsequent adjustment to these amounts will be recorded to tax expense in the fourth quarter of 2018 when the full analysis is complete.

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Deferred Tax Analysis

The Act changes the treatment of certain income and expense items for which the Company records deferred tax assets and liabilities. The Company has assessed its valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities at September 30, 2018, as well as valuation allowance analyses affected by various aspects of the Act. The Company has recorded no provisional amounts related to valuation allowances and revaluation of deferred tax assets affected by various aspects of the Act. However, the Company is still analyzing certain aspects of the Act and refining its calculations, which could potentially affect the valuation of these balances.

Transition Tax 

The Act imposes a Transition Tax on undistributed and previously untaxed post-1986 foreign earnings and profits, as determined in accordance with U.S. tax principles, of certain foreign owned corporations of U.S. stockholders. The Company recorded a provisional amount at December 31, 2017 for the one-time transition tax liability for the deemed distribution of earnings from our foreign subsidiaries resulting in an increase in income tax expense of less than $1 million. The Company recorded a provisional transition tax amount because certain information related to the computations required to compute the transition tax, including the computation of previously undistributed earnings, is not readily available, and there is limited information from federal and state taxing authorities regarding the application and interpretation of the recently enacted legislation. Accordingly, the Company is still analyzing certain aspects of the transition tax calculations which could potentially affect the amount recorded.

GILTI

Because of the complexity of the new global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) tax rules, we are continuing to evaluate this provision of the Act and the application of ASC 740. Under U.S. GAAP, we are allowed to make an accounting policy choice.  Our selection of an accounting policy with respect to the new GILTI tax rules will depend, in part, on analyzing our global income to determine whether we expect to have future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to GILTI and, if so, what the impact is expected to be.  The Company is not yet able to reasonably estimate the effect of this provision of the Act. Therefore, the Company has not made any adjustments related to potential GILTI tax in our financial statements and has not made a policy decision regarding whether to record deferred taxes on GILTI.

Note 15. Business Segment Reporting 

The business of the Company is conducted through three reportable segments: Terminix, American Home Shield and Franchise Services Group.

In accordance with accounting standards for segments, the Company’s reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different services. The Terminix segment provides termite and pest control services to residential and commercial customers and distributes pest control products. The American Home Shield Segment provides home service plans for home systems and appliances. The Franchise Services Group segment provides residential and commercial disaster restoration, janitorial and cleaning services through franchises primarily under the ServiceMaster, ServiceMaster Restore and ServiceMaster Clean brand names, home cleaning services through franchises primarily under the Merry Maids brand name, cabinet and wood furniture repair primarily under the Furniture Medic brand name and home inspection services primarily under the AmeriSpec brand name. Corporate includes SMAC, the Company’s financing subsidiary exclusively dedicated to providing financing to its franchisees and retail customers of its operating units, and the Company’s headquarters operations (substantially all of which costs are allocated to the Company’s reportable segments), which provide various technology, marketing, finance, legal and other support services to the reportable segments. The composition of the Company’s reportable segments is consistent with that used by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (the “CODM”) to evaluate performance and allocate resources.

Information regarding the accounting policies used by the Company is described in the Company’s 2017 Form 10-K. The Company derives substantially all of its revenue from customers and franchisees in the United States with approximately two percent generated in foreign markets. Operating expenses of the business units consist primarily of direct costs and indirect costs allocated from Corporate.

The Company uses Reportable Segment Adjusted EBITDA as its measure of segment profitability. Accordingly, the CODM evaluates performance and allocates resources based primarily on Reportable Segment Adjusted EBITDA. Reportable Segment Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income before: unallocated corporate expenses; gain from discontinued operations, net of income taxes; (benefit) provision for income taxes; interest expense; depreciation and amortization expense; fumigation related matters; insurance reserve adjustment; non-cash stock-based compensation expense; restructuring charges; American Home Shield spin-off charges; loss on extinguishment of debt; and non-cash impairment of software and other related costs. The Company’s definition of Reportable Segment Adjusted EBITDA may not be calculated or comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. The Company believes Reportable Segment Adjusted EBITDA is useful for investors, analysts and other interested parties as it facilitates company-to-company operating performance comparisons by excluding potential differences caused by variations in capital structures, taxation, the age and book depreciation of facilities and equipment, restructuring initiatives and equity-based, long-term incentive plans.

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Information for continuing operations for each reportable segment and Corporate is presented below:



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Note 16. Fair Value Measurements

The period-end carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, restricted cash, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments. The period-end carrying amounts of long-term notes receivable approximate fair value as the effective interest rates for these instruments are comparable to period-end market rates. The period-end carrying amounts of short- and long-term marketable securities also approximate fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in interest and net investment income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. The carrying amount of total debt was $2,756 million and $2,787 million, and the estimated fair value was $2,838 million and $2,888 million as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The fair value of the Company’s debt is estimated based on available market prices for the same or similar instruments which are considered significant other observable inputs (Level 2) within the fair value hierarchy. The fair values presented reflect the amounts that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The fair value estimates presented in this report are based on information available to the Company as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

The Company has estimated the fair value of its financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis using the market and income approaches. For investments in marketable securities, deferred compensation trust assets and derivative contracts, which are carried at their fair values, the Company’s fair value estimates incorporate quoted market prices, other observable inputs (for example, forward interest rates) and unobservable inputs (for example, forward commodity prices) at the balance sheet date.

Interest rate swap contracts are valued using forward interest rate curves obtained from third-party market data providers. The fair value of each contract is the sum of the expected future settlements between the contract counterparties, discounted to present value. The expected future settlements are determined by comparing the contract interest rate to the expected forward interest rate as of each settlement date and applying the difference between the two rates to the notional amount of debt in the interest rate swap contracts.

Fuel swap contracts are valued using forward fuel price curves obtained from third-party market data providers. The fair value of each contract is the sum of the expected future settlements between the contract counterparties, discounted to present value. The expected future settlements are determined by comparing the contract fuel price to the expected forward fuel price as of each settlement date and applying the difference between the contract and expected prices to the notional gallons in the fuel swap contracts. The Company regularly reviews the forward price curves obtained from third-party market data providers and related changes in fair value for reasonableness utilizing information available to the Company from other published sources.

The Company has not changed its valuation techniques for measuring the fair value of any financial assets and liabilities during the year. Transfers between levels, if any, are recognized at the end of the reporting period. There were no significant transfers between levels during each of the nine month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.

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The carrying amount and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis for the periods presented are as follows:





A reconciliation of the beginning and ending fair values of financial instruments valued using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) on a recurring basis is presented as follows:





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The following tables present information relating to the significant unobservable inputs of the Company’s Level 3 financial instruments:



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The Company uses derivative financial instruments to manage risks associated with changes in fuel prices and interest rates. The Company does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. In designating its derivative financial instruments as hedging instruments under accounting standards for derivative instruments, the Company formally documents the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, as well as the risk management objective and strategy for the use of the hedging instrument. This documentation includes linking the derivatives to forecasted transactions. The Company assesses at the time a derivative contract is entered into, and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the derivative item is effective in offsetting the projected changes in cash flows of the associated forecasted transactions. All of the Company’s designated hedging instruments are classified as cash flow hedges.

The Company has historically hedged a significant portion of its annual fuel consumption. The Company has also historically hedged the interest payments on a portion of its variable rate debt through the use of interest rate swap agreements. All of the Company’s fuel swap contracts and interest rate swap contracts are classified as cash flow hedges, and, as such, the hedging instruments are recorded on the condensed consolidated statements of financial position as either an asset or liability at fair value, with the effective portion of changes in the fair value attributable to the hedged risks recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income. Any change in the fair value of the hedging instrument resulting from ineffectiveness, as defined by accounting standards, is recognized in current period earnings. Cash flows related to fuel and interest rate derivatives are classified as operating activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

Ineffective portions of derivative instruments designated in accordance with accounting standards as cash flow hedge relationships were approximately $1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had fuel swap contracts to pay fixed prices for fuel with an aggregate notional amount of $30 million, maturing through 2019. Under the terms of its fuel swap contracts, the Company is required to post collateral in the event that the fair value of the contracts exceeds a certain agreed upon liability level and in other circumstances required by the counterparty. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had posted $2 million in letters of credit as collateral under its fuel hedging program, which were issued under the Revolving Credit Facility.

The effective portion of the gain or loss on derivative instruments designated and qualifying as cash flow hedging instruments is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income. These amounts are reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged forecasted debt interest settlement or the fuel settlement affects earnings. See Note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for the effective portion of the gain or loss on derivative instruments recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and for the amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income and into earnings. The amount expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months includes unrealized gains and losses related to open fuel hedges and interest rate swaps. Specifically, as the underlying forecasted transactions occur during the next 12 months, the hedging gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be recognized in earnings is a gain of $8 million, net of tax, as of September 30, 2018. The amounts that are ultimately reclassified into earnings will be based on actual fuel prices and interest rates at the time the positions are settled and may differ materially from the amount noted above.



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Note 17. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, increased to include the number of shares of common stock that would have been outstanding had potential dilutive shares of common stock been issued. The dilutive effect of stock options, RSUs and performance shares are reflected in diluted earnings per share by applying the treasury stock method.

A reconciliation of the amounts included in the computation of basic earnings per share from continuing operations and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations is as follows:



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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following information should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The following discussion may contain forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those factors discussed below and elsewhere in this report, particularly in “—Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Overview

Our core services include termite and pest control, cleaning and restoration services in both the residential and commercial markets under the following leading brands: Terminix, Copesan, ServiceMaster Restore, ServiceMaster Clean, Merry Maids, Furniture Medic and AmeriSpec. We also provide home service plans under the American Home Shield brand. Our operations for the periods presented in this report are organized into three reportable segments: Terminix, American Home Shield and Franchise Services Group.

American Home Shield Spin-off

On October 1, 2018, the Company completed the previously announced spin-off of its American Home Shield business.  The separation was effectuated through a pro rata dividend (the “Distribution”) to the Company’s stockholders of approximately 80.2% of the outstanding shares of common stock of frontdoor, inc. (“Frontdoor”), which was formed as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company to hold its American Home Shield business.  As a result of the Distribution, Frontdoor is an independent public company that trades on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “FTDR”.

The Distribution was made to the Company’s stockholders of record as of the close of business on September 14, 2018 (the “Record Date”), and such stockholders received one share of Frontdoor common stock for every two shares of ServiceMaster common stock held as of the close of business on the Record Date.  The Company distributed 67,781,527 shares of common stock of Frontdoor in the Distribution and retained 16,734,092 shares, or approximately 19.8%, of the common stock of Frontdoor immediately following the Distribution.

The American Home Shield Segment is reported in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q in continuing operations. Beginning with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2018, the American Home Shield Segment will be reported in discontinued operations.

In connection with the Distribution, on September 28, 2018, the Company and Frontdoor entered into a separation and distribution agreement as well as various other agreements that govern the relationships between the parties following the Distribution, including a transition services agreement, a tax matters agreement and an employee matters agreement.

Our financial statements include nonrecurring costs incurred to evaluate, plan and execute the spin-off. These costs are primarily related to third-party consulting and other incremental costs directly associated with the spin-off process. Our results for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 include charges of $23 million related to the spin-off. We expect to incur charges of $35 million to $45 million in 2018 related to the spin-off. In addition, we expect incremental capital expenditures will be required to effect the spin-off in 2018 and will range from $20 million to $30 million, principally reflecting costs to replicate information technology systems historically shared by our business units.

Key Business Metrics

We focus on a variety of indicators and key operating and financial metrics to monitor the financial condition and performance of the continuing operations of our businesses. These metrics include:

To the extent applicable, these measures are evaluated with and without impairment, restructuring and other charges that management believes are not indicative of the earnings capabilities of our businesses. We also focus on measures designed to monitor cash flow, including net cash provided from operating activities from continuing operations and free cash flow.

Revenue. Our revenue results are primarily a function of the volume and pricing of the services and products provided to our customers by our businesses as well as the mix of services and products provided across our businesses. The volume of our revenue in Terminix and American Home Shield is impacted by new unit sales, the retention of our existing customers and acquisitions. We

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expect to continue our acquisition program at Terminix and to periodically evaluate other strategic acquisitions for the Company. Revenue results in the Franchise Services Group are driven principally by royalty fees earned from our franchisees. We serve both residential and commercial customers, principally in the United States. In 2017, approximately 98 percent of our revenue was generated by sales in the United States.

Operating Expenses. In addition to the impact of changes in our revenue results, our operating results are affected by, among other things, the level of our operating expenses. A number of our operating expenses are subject to inflationary pressures, such as fuel, chemicals, raw materials, wages and salaries, employee benefits and health care, vehicles, contractor costs, home systems, appliances and repair parts, self-insurance costs and other insurance premiums, as well as various regulatory compliance costs.

Net Income and Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, increased to include the number of shares of common stock that would have been outstanding had potential dilutive shares of common stock been issued. The dilutive effect of stock options and RSUs are reflected in diluted net income per share by applying the treasury stock method. The presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share provides GAAP measures of performance which are useful for investors, analysts and other interested parties in company-to-company operating performance comparisons.

Adjusted EBITDA. We evaluate performance and allocate resources based primarily on Adjusted EBITDA. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income before: depreciation and amortization expense; 401(k) Plan corrective contribution; fumigation related matters; insurance reserve adjustment; non-cash stock-based compensation expense; restructuring charges; American Home Shield spin-off charges; non-cash impairment of software and other related costs; (gain) loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes; provision for income taxes; loss on extinguishment of debt and interest expense. We believe Adjusted EBITDA is useful for investors, analysts and other interested parties as it facilitates company-to-company operating performance comparisons by excluding potential differences caused by variations in capital structures, taxation, the age and book depreciation of facilities and equipment, restructuring initiatives and equity-based, long-term incentive plans.

Organic Revenue Growth. We evaluate organic revenue growth to track performance of the business, including the impacts of sales, pricing, new service offerings and other growth initiatives. Organic revenue growth excludes revenue from acquired customers for 12 months following the acquisition date.

Customer Retention Rates and Customer Counts Growth. Where applicable, we report our customer retention rates and growth in customer counts in order to track the performance of the business. Customer counts represent our recurring customer base, which includes customers with active contracts for recurring services. Retention rates are calculated as the ratio of ending customer counts to the sum of beginning customer counts, new sales and acquired accounts for the applicable period. These measures are presented on a rolling, 12-month basis in order to avoid seasonal anomalies. See “—Segment Review.”

Seasonality

We have seasonality in our business, which drives fluctuations in revenue and Adjusted EBITDA for interim periods. In 2017, approximately 22 percent, 28 percent, 27 percent and 23 percent of our revenue and approximately 20 percent, 31 percent, 29 percent and 20 percent of our Adjusted EBITDA was recognized in the first, second, third and fourth quarters, respectively.

Effect of Weather Conditions

The demand for our services and our results of operations are also affected by weather conditions, including the seasonal nature of our termite and pest control services, home inspection services and disaster restoration services. Weather conditions which have a potentially unfavorable impact to our business include cooler temperatures or droughts which can impede the development of termite swarms and lead to lower demand for our termite control services; and extreme temperatures which can lead to an increase in service requests related to home systems. For example, in the third quarter of 2016, we experienced an increase in contract claims cost at American Home Shield driven by a higher number of HVAC work orders driven by high temperatures, and in the third quarter of 2017, our Terminix business was negatively impacted by hurricanes Harvey and Irma, which resulted in 53 branches, primarily in Texas and Florida, being temporarily closed for a period of time during August and September. Weather conditions which have a potentially favorable impact to our business include mild winters which can lead to higher demand for termite and pest control services; mild winters or summers which can lead to lower home systems claim frequency; and severe storms which can lead to an increase in demand for disaster restoration services.  For example, in the third and fourth quarters of 2017, our ServiceMaster Restore business saw a significant increase in royalty fees related to hurricanes Harvey and Irma and wildfires.

Franchises

Franchises are important to the Terminix, ServiceMaster Restore, ServiceMaster Clean, Merry Maids, Furniture Medic and AmeriSpec businesses. Total profits from our franchised operations were $20 million and $22 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively and $66 million and $65 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Nearly all of the franchise fees received by our Franchise Services Group segment are derived from the ServiceMaster Restore, ServiceMaster Clean and Merry Maids businesses. Franchise fees from our Terminix franchisees represented less than one percent of Terminix revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. We evaluate the performance of our franchise businesses based primarily on operating profit before corporate general and administrative expenses, interest expense and amortization of

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intangible assets. Franchise agreements entered into in the course of these businesses are generally for a term of five years. The majority of these franchise agreements are renewed prior to expiration. Internationally, we have license agreements, whereby licensees provide services under our brand names that would ordinarily be provided by franchisees in the United States. The majority of international licenses are for 10‑year terms.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, approximately 54% of our revenue in the Franchise Services Group segment consisted of ongoing monthly royalty fees. Royalty fees are the amounts paid to us by our franchisees and are based on a percentage of our franchisees’ customer-level revenue. Franchise fees from Terminix franchisees represented less than one percent of Terminix revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2018. We estimate that customer-level revenue for the Franchise Services Group segment and Terminix segment were $660 million and $1,528 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.



Results of Operations









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*     not meaningful

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Revenue

We reported revenue of $873 million and $797 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and revenue of $2,422 million and $2,246 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. A summary of changes in revenue for each of our reportable segments and Corporate is included in the table below. See “—Segment Review” for a discussion of the drivers of the year-over-year changes.









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Cost of Services Rendered and Products Sold

We reported cost of services rendered and products sold of $481 million and $419 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $1,309 million and $1,180 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The following tables provide a summary of changes in cost of services rendered and products sold for each of our reportable segments and Corporate:



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At Terminix, the impact of the change in revenue reflects the increase in relatively low margin revenue from our acquisition of Copesan. The decrease in bad debt expense was driven by enhanced credit policies and collection rates. The decrease in chemicals and materials was driven by sourcing savings. The increase in production labor resulted from higher technician incentive and overtime pay due to more work orders than anticipated in the quarter, driven, in part, by an initiative to increase route completion, higher sales and improved sales start rates.  

At American Home Shield, the increase in contract claims costs includes an adjustment related to adverse development of contract claims costs originally estimated and recorded in the first half of 2018 of $5 million and the fourth quarter of 2017 of $1 million, principally driven by a higher mix of appliance replacements versus repairs. Accruals for home service plan claims are made based on our historical claims experience and actuarial projections. Our actuary performs a reserve analysis utilizing generally accepted actuarial methods that incorporates cumulative historical claims experience and information provided by us. We regularly review our estimates of claims costs and adjust the estimates when appropriate. Additionally, the impact of higher appliance replacements in the third quarter of 2018 increased claims costs by $3 million. The increase in contract claims costs in the third quarter of 2018 also includes an increase in underlying costs of repairs totaling $7 million, particularly in the appliance, HVAC and plumbing trades, and a higher number of work orders, primarily driven by significantly warmer summer temperatures in 2018 as compared to historical averages, which increased claims costs by $5 million.

The decrease in the Corporate insurance program expense was primarily attributable to favorable claims trends in our automobile, general liability and workers’ compensation program.





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At Terminix, the impact of the change in revenue reflects the increase in relatively low margin revenue from our acquisition of Copesan. The increase in production labor resulted from higher technician incentive and overtime pay due to more work orders than anticipated in the quarter, driven, in part, by an initiative to increase route completion, higher sales and improved sales start rates. The

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decrease in bad debt expense was driven by enhanced credit policies and collection rates. The decrease in chemicals and materials was driven by sourcing savings.

At American Home Shield, the increase in contract claims costs includes an adjustment of $7 million related to the adverse development of contract claims costs originally estimated and recorded in the second half of 2017, principally driven by a higher mix of appliance replacements versus repairs. Additionally, the impact of higher appliance replacements in 2018 increased claims costs by $13 million. The increase in contract claims costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 also includes an increase in the underlying costs of repairs totaling $14 million, particularly in the appliance, HVAC and plumbing trades, and a higher number of work orders, primarily driven by colder winter temperatures in the first quarter and significantly warmer summer temperatures in the second and third quarters of 2018 as compared to historical averages, which increased claims costs by $15 million.

The decrease in the Corporate insurance program expense was primarily attributable to favorable claims trends in our automobile, general liability and workers’ compensation program.

Selling and Administrative Expenses

We reported selling and administrative expenses of $229 million and $199 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $651 million and $592 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  For the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, selling and administrative expenses comprised general and administrative expenses of $87 million and $70 million, respectively, and selling and marketing expenses of $142 million and $128 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, selling and administrative expenses comprised general and administrative expenses of $246 million and $222 million, respectively, and selling and marketing expenses of $405 million and $370 million, respectively. The following tables provide a summary of changes in selling and administrative expenses for each of our reportable segments and Corporate:





The increase in sales and marketing costs at Terminix was driven by targeted investments to drive sales growth, partially offset by a change in the timing of our sales costs upon our adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 of $1 million. Terminix incurred incremental selling and administrative expenses as a result of the Copesan acquisition and other acquisitions.

At American Home Shield, the increase in sales and marketing costs was driven by targeted spending to drive sales growth. The increase in customer service costs was primarily driven by incremental investments in customer care center costs to deliver an improved level of customer service. Incremental ongoing costs related to the spin-off of $2 million were incurred, which primarily related to the separation of information technology systems historically shared with other ServiceMaster business units.  

At Franchise Services Group, the increase in sales and marketing costs was driven by the recognition of national advertising fund contributions from franchisees as revenue upon our adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2018. Prior to 2018, contributions to the national advertising fund made by our franchisees were treated as an offset to advertising expense.

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The increase in sales and marketing costs at Terminix was driven by targeted investments to drive sales growth, partially offset by a change in the timing of our sales costs upon our adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 of $5 million. Terminix incurred incremental selling and administrative expenses as a result of the Copesan acquisition and other acquisitions.

At American Home Shield, the increase in sales and marketing costs was driven by targeted spending to drive sales growth. The increase in customer service costs was primarily driven by incremental investments in customer care center costs to deliver an improved level of customer service. Incremental ongoing costs related to the spin-off of $3 million were incurred, which primarily related to the separation of information technology systems historically shared with other ServiceMaster business units.  

At Franchise Services Group, the increase in sales and marketing costs was driven by the recognition of national advertising fund contributions from franchisees as revenue upon our adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2018. Prior to 2018, contributions to the national advertising fund made by our franchisees were treated as an offset to advertising expense.

Amortization Expense

Amortization expense was $8 million and $7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $20 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

401(k) Plan Corrective Contribution

In conjunction with the final agreement, we reversed charges of $4 million and $3 million, net, for 401(k) Plan corrective contributions in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.



Fumigation Related Matters

We recorded a charge of approximately $1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018, and approximately $1 million and $2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, for fumigation related matters. There were no charges for fumigation related matters recorded in the three months ended September 30, 2017.

Impairment of Software and Other Related Costs

We recorded an impairment charge of $2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2017, relating to our decision to replace certain software. There were no impairments of software and other related costs recorded in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, or in the three months ended September 30, 2017.

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Restructuring Charges

We incurred restructuring charges of approximately $1 million and $14 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $13 million and $17 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  Restructuring charges were comprised of the following:





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American Home Shield Spin-Off Charges

Our financial statements include nonrecurring costs incurred to evaluate, plan and execute the spin-off of American Home Shield to company stockholders. These costs are primarily related to third-party consulting and other incremental costs directly associated with the spin-off process. We incurred spin-off charges of $8 million and $7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $23 million and $7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

We expect to incur aggregate charges related to the spin-off of $35 million to $45 million in 2018. In addition, incremental capital expenditures will be required to effect the spin-off in 2018 and will range from $20 million to $30 million, principally reflecting costs to replicate information technology systems historically shared by our business units.

Interest Expense

Interest expense was $40 million and $38 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $115 million and $113 million in the nine month months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Interest and Net Investment Income

Interest and net investment income was $3 million and $1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $5 million and $3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and comprised net investment gains and losses from equity investments and other strategic investments, interest income and dividend income realized on the American Home Shield investment portfolio and interest income on other cash balances. 

Loss on Extinguishment of Debt

A loss on extinguishment of debt of $10 million was recorded in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, related to the payment of $982 million toward our term loan facility on August 17, 2018. A loss on extinguishment of debt of $3 million and $6 million was recorded in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, related to the repurchase of

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$13 million of our 2038 Notes on September 18, 2017 and $17 million of our 2038 Notes on May 11, 2017. See Note 12 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for more details.

Income from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes

Income from continuing operations before income taxes was $100 million and $114 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $285 million and $313 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The change in income from continuing operations before income taxes primarily reflects the net effect of year-over-year changes in the following items:





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Provision for Income Taxes

The effective tax rate on income from continuing operations was 29.1 percent and 29.6 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The effective tax rate on income from continuing operations for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017, was primarily affected by the reduction in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent and excess tax benefits for share-based awards, respectively.

The effective tax rate on income from continuing operations was 27.2 percent and 35.0 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The effective tax rate on income from continuing operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017, was primarily affected by the reduction in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent and excess tax benefits for share-based awards, respectively.

Net Income

Net income was $71 million and $80 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $207 million and $204 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively

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Segment Review

The following business segment reviews should be read in conjunction with the required footnote disclosures presented in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.

Revenue and Adjusted EBITDA by reportable segment and for Corporate are as follows:



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* not meaningful

Terminix Segment

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2017

The Terminix segment, which provides termite and pest control services to residential and commercial customers and distributes pest control products, reported a 10 percent increase in revenue and a three percent decrease in Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.

Revenue

Revenue by service line is as follows:







Residential pest control revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2018 increased 11 percent compared to prior year, primarily resulting from an increase in volume driven by operational improvements as well as the impact of acquisitions completed during the year.

Commercial pest control revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2018 increased 37 percent compared to prior year, primarily driven by the impact of the Copesan acquisition.

Termite revenue, including wildlife exclusion, crawl space encapsulation and attic insulation, which are managed as a component of our termite line of business, decreased one percent compared to prior year, reflecting a decline in core termite renewals driven by the loss of a one-time benefit from an initiative to upgrade bait monitoring stations for a small subset of our customers in 2017, offset by increases in core termite, wildlife exclusion and attic insulation. In the three months ended September 30, 2018, termite renewal revenue comprised 47 percent of total termite revenue, while the remainder consisted of termite new unit revenue.

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Termite activity is unpredictable in its nature. Factors that can impact termite activity include conducive weather conditions and consumer awareness of termite swarms.

In the three months ended September 30, 2017, Terminix revenue was negatively impacted by $4 million related to hurricanes Harvey and Irma closing 53 branches, primarily in Texas and Florida.

Adjusted EBITDA

The following table provides a summary of changes in the segment’s Adjusted EBITDA:



The impact of the change in revenue on Adjusted EBITDA reflects the increase in relatively low margin revenue from our acquisition of Copesan. As we continue to drive synergies from Copesan and other acquisitions, leveraging world-class service capabilities from Copesan and our service partners, and working towards systematically incorporating those service capabilities into our owned branch locations, we expect the Adjusted EBITDA contribution from Copesan and other acquisition revenues to increase in the future. Additionally, we incurred incremental selling and administrative expenses as a result of the acquisitions completed during the year. The decrease in bad debt expense was driven by enhanced credit policies and collection rates. The decrease in chemicals and materials was driven by sourcing savings. The increase in production labor resulted from higher technician incentive and overtime pay due to more work orders than anticipated in the quarter, driven, in part, by an initiative to increase route completion, higher sales and improved sales start rates. The increase in sales and marketing costs was driven by an increase in sales and marketing costs driven by targeted investments to drive sales growth, partially offset by a change in the timing of our recognition of sales costs upon our adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 of $1 million.





Nine months Ended September 30, 2018 Compared to Nine months Ended September 30, 2017

The Terminix segment reported a six percent increase in revenue and a three percent increase in Adjusted EBITDA for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Revenue

Revenue by service line is as follows:









Residential pest control revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased six percent compared to prior year, primarily reflecting the impact of improved price realization as well as the impact of acquisitions completed during the year.

Commercial pest control revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased 22 percent compared to prior year, primarily reflecting the impact of the Copesan acquisition.

Termite revenue, including wildlife exclusion, crawl space encapsulation and attic insulation, which are managed as a component of our termite line of business, remained consistent with prior year. In the nine months ended September 30, 2018, termite renewal revenue comprised 49 percent of total termite revenue, while the remainder consisted of termite new unit revenue. We estimate that the organic revenue growth would have been approximately $3 million higher if not for the unfavorable weather conditions experienced in the first quarter of 2018. Core termite revenue growth was also impacted by the decreasing benefit from an

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initiative to upgrade bait monitoring stations for a small subset of our customers in 2017. Termite activity is unpredictable in its nature. Factors that can impact termite activity include conducive weather conditions and consumer awareness of termite swarms.

In the three months ended September 30, 2017, Terminix revenue was negatively impacted by $4 million related to hurricanes Harvey and Irma closing 53 branches, primarily in Texas and Florida.

Adjusted EBITDA

The following table provides a summary of changes in the segment’s Adjusted EBITDA:





The impact of the change in revenue on Adjusted EBITDA reflects the increase in relatively low margin revenue from our acquisition of Copesan. As we continue to drive synergies from Copesan and other acquisitions, leveraging world-class service capabilities from Copesan and our service partners, and working towards systematically incorporating those service capabilities into our owned branch locations, we expect the Adjusted EBITDA contribution from Copesan and other acquisition revenues to increase in the future. Additionally, we incurred incremental selling and administrative expenses as a result of the acquisitions completed during the year. The increase in production labor resulted from higher technician incentive and overtime pay due to more work orders than anticipated in the quarter, driven, in part, by an initiative to increase route completion, higher sales and improved sales start rates. The decrease in bad debt expense was driven by enhanced credit policies and collection rates. The decrease in chemicals and materials was driven by sourcing savings. The increase in sales and marketing costs was driven by targeted investments to drive sales growth, partially offset by a change in the timing of our recognition of sales costs upon our adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 of $5 million.

American Home Shield Segment

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2017

The American Home Shield Segment, which provides home service plans for home systems and appliances, reported a nine percent increase in revenue and an 11 percent decrease in Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.

The growth in renewable customer counts and customer retention are presented below.



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Revenue

The revenue results reflect an increase in new and renewal unit sales and improved price realization.

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Adjusted EBITDA

The following table provides a summary of changes in the segment’s Adjusted EBITDA:

The increase in contract claims costs includes an adjustment related to adverse development of contract claims costs originally estimated and recorded in the first half of 2018 of $5 million and the fourth quarter of 2017 of $1 million, principally driven by a higher mix of appliance replacements versus repairs. Accruals for home service plan claims are made based on our historical claims experience and actuarial projections. Our actuary performs a reserve analysis utilizing generally accepted actuarial methods that incorporates cumulative historical claims experience and information provided by us. We regularly review our estimates of claims costs and adjust the estimates when appropriate. Additionally, the impact of higher appliance replacements in the third quarter of 2018 increased claims costs by $3 million. The increase in contract claims costs in the third quarter also includes an increase in the underlying costs of repairs totaling $7 million, particularly in the appliance, HVAC and plumbing trades, and a higher number of work orders, primarily driven by significantly warmer summer temperatures in 2018 as compared to historical averages, which increased claims costs by $5 million.

The increase in sales and marketing costs was driven by targeted spending to drive sales growth. The increase in customer service costs was primarily driven by incremental investment in customer care center costs to deliver an improved level of customer service. Incremental ongoing costs related to the spin-off of $2 million were incurred, which primarily related to the separation of information technology systems historically shared with other ServiceMaster business units.

Nine months Ended September 30, 2018 Compared to Nine months Ended September 30, 2017

The American Home Shield Segment reported a nine percent increase in revenue and a nine percent decrease in Adjusted EBITDA for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Revenue

The revenue results reflect an increase in new and renewal unit sales and improved price realization.

Adjusted EBITDA

The following table provides a summary of changes in the segment’s Adjusted EBITDA:



The increase in contract claims costs includes an adjustment of $7 million related to the adverse development of contract claim costs originally estimated and recorded in the second half of 2017, principally driven by a higher mix of appliance replacements versus repairs driven by parts availability. Additionally, the impact of higher appliance replacements in 2018 increased claims costs by $13 million. The increase in contract claims costs also includes an increase in the underlying costs of repairs totaling $14 million, particularly in the appliance, HVAC and plumbing trades, primarily driven by colder winter temperatures in the first quarter and significantly warmer summer temperatures in the second and third quarters of 2018 as compared to historical averages, which increased claims costs by $15 million.

The increase in sales and marketing costs was driven by targeted spending to drive sales growth. The increase in customer service costs was primarily driven by incremental investment in customer care center costs to deliver an improved level of customer service. Incremental ongoing costs related to the spin-off of $3 million were incurred, which primarily related to the separation of information technology systems historically shared with other ServiceMaster business units.

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Franchise Services Group Segment

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2017

The Franchise Services Group segment, which consists of the ServiceMaster Restore (disaster restoration), ServiceMaster Clean (janitorial), Merry Maids (residential cleaning), Furniture Medic (cabinet and wood furniture repair) and AmeriSpec (home inspection) businesses, reported a nine percent increase in revenue and a three percent decrease in Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017.

Revenue

Revenue by service line is as follows:



The decrease in royalty fees was driven by lower disaster restoration services due to the positive impact of hurricane events in 2017. The increase in revenue from janitorial national accounts was driven by increased sales activity. The increase in other was primarily driven by the recognition of approximately $4 million of national advertising fund franchisee contributions as revenue pursuant to our adoption of ASC 606 that took effect on January 1, 2018.  Prior to 2018, contributions to the national advertising fund by our franchisees were treated as an offset to advertising expense. The adoption had no impact on Adjusted EBITDA.

Adjusted EBITDA

The following table provides a summary of changes in the segment’s Adjusted EBITDA:



The impact of the change in revenue reflected a decrease in high margin royalty fees due to the positive impact of hurricane events in 2017, offset by an increase in lower margin janitorial national accounts and other revenue. 

Nine months Ended September 30, 2018 Compared to Nine months Ended September 30, 2017

The Franchise Services Group segment reported a 17 percent increase in revenue and a four percent increase in Adjusted EBITDA for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Revenue

Revenue by service line is as follows:





The increase in royalty fees was driven by higher disaster restoration services including commercial and fire disaster restoration services. The increase in revenue from janitorial national accounts was driven by increased sales activity. The increase in other was primarily driven by the recognition of approximately $11 million of national advertising fund franchisee contributions as revenue pursuant to our adoption of ASC 606 that took effect on January 1, 2018.  Prior to 2018, contributions to the national advertising fund by our franchisees were treated as an offset to advertising expense. The adoption had no impact on Adjusted EBITDA.

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Adjusted EBITDA

The following table provides a summary of changes in the segment’s Adjusted EBITDA:









The impact of the change in revenue was driven by the increase in relatively low margin revenue from janitorial national accounts and other revenue.

Corporate

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2017

Adjusted EBITDA for Corporate for the three months ended September 30, 2018 increased three million when compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017, primarily attributable to favorable claims trends in our automobile, general liability and workers’ compensation program. 

Nine months Ended September 30, 2018 Compared to Nine months Ended September 30, 2017

Adjusted EBITDA for Corporate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased five million when compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017, primarily attributable to favorable claims trends in our automobile, general liability and workers’ compensation program.



Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

We are highly leveraged, and a substantial portion of our liquidity needs are due to service requirements on our significant indebtedness. The agreements governing the Company’s term loan facility maturing November 8, 2023 and revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) maturing November 8, 2021 (together, the “Credit Facilities”) contain covenants that limit or restrict our ability, including the ability of certain of our subsidiaries, to incur additional indebtedness, repurchase debt, incur liens, sell assets, make certain payments (including dividends) and enter into transactions with affiliates. As of September 30, 2018, we were in compliance with the covenants under the agreements that were in effect on such date.

In connection with the spin-off of the American Home Shield Segment, the Company borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $1 billion under a short-term credit facility on August 1, 2018, the proceeds of which were used to prepay $982 million aggregate principal amount of term loans outstanding under the Company’s senior secured term loan facility.  Such prepayment resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $10 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. On August 16, 2018, Frontdoor incurred in favor of the Company $350 million aggregate principal of 6.75% Senior Notes due 2026 and a $650 million senior secured term loan facility, and obtained a $250 million senior secured revolving credit facility. The Company then transferred and assigned its rights and obligations in respect of Frontdoor’s senior notes and senior secured term loan facility to the lender under such short-term credit facility through a debt-for-debt exchange to satisfy the Company’s obligations thereunder.

On October 1, 2018, in connection with the spin-off of the American Home Shield Segment, Frontdoor’s senior secured term loan facility and senior notes were included in the transfer of assets and liabilities to Frontdoor, reducing the Company’s total long-term debt by approximately $1 billion.

Also in connection with the spin-off of the American Home Shield Segment, in October 2018, the Company provided Frontdoor $251 million of cash and marketable securities for purposes of funding Frontdoor’s restricted net assets requirements and to provide cash for operations and general corporate purposes. Subsequent to the Distribution, we retained 16,734,092 shares, or approximately 19.8%, of the common stock of Frontdoor immediately following the Distribution. The Company currently intends to responsibly dispose of all of the Frontdoor common stock that it retained after the Distribution through one or more subsequent exchanges for debt by June 14, 2019

Our ongoing liquidity needs are expected to be funded by cash on hand, net cash provided by operating activities and, as required, borrowings under the Credit Facilities. We expect that cash provided from operations and available capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility will provide sufficient funds to operate our business, make expected capital expenditures and meet our liquidity requirements for the following 12 months, including payment of interest and principal on our debt. Cash and short- and long-term marketable securities totaled $551 million as of September 30, 2018, compared with $522 million as of December 31, 2017. As of September 30, 2018, there were $33 million of letters of credit outstanding and $267 million of available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility. The letters of credit are posted to satisfy collateral requirements under our automobile, general liability and workers’ compensation insurance program and fuel swap contracts.

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In 2016, our board of directors authorized a three-year share repurchase program, under which we may repurchase up to $300 million of outstanding shares of our common stock. As of September 30, 2018, we have repurchased $145 million of outstanding shares under this program, which is included in treasury stock on the condensed consolidated statements of financial position.

Cash and short- and long-term marketable securities include balances associated with regulatory requirements at American Home Shield. See “—Limitations on Distributions and Dividends by Subsidiaries.” American Home Shield’s investment portfolio has been invested in high-quality debt securities. From time to time, we review the statutory reserve requirements to which our regulated entities are subject and any changes to such requirements. These reviews may result in identifying current reserve levels above or below minimum statutory reserve requirements, in which case we may adjust our reserves. The reviews may also identify opportunities to satisfy certain regulatory reserve requirements through alternate financial vehicles.

As of September 30, 2018, we had posted $31 million in letters of credit, which were issued under the Revolving Credit Facility, and $89 million of cash, which is included in Restricted cash on the condensed consolidated statements of financial position, as collateral under our automobile, general liability and workers’ compensation insurance program. We may from time to time change the amount of cash or marketable securities used to satisfy collateral requirements under our automobile, general liability and workers’ compensation insurance program. The amount of cash or marketable securities utilized to satisfy these collateral requirements will depend on the relative cost of the issuance of letters of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility and our cash position. Any change in cash or marketable securities used as collateral would result in a corresponding change in our available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility.

Additionally, under the terms of our fuel swap contracts, we are required to post collateral in the event the fair value of the contracts exceeds a certain agreed upon liability level and in other circumstances required by the agreement with the counterparty. As of September 30, 2018, the estimated fair value of our fuel swap contracts was a net gain of $4 million, and we had posted $2 million in letters of credit as collateral under our fuel hedging program, which were also issued under the Revolving Credit Facility. The continued use of letters of credit for this purpose in the future could limit our ability to post letters of credit for other purposes and could limit our borrowing availability under the Revolving Credit Facility. However, we do not expect the fair value of the outstanding fuel swap contracts to materially impact our financial position or liquidity.

We may from time to time repurchase or otherwise retire or extend our debt and/or take other steps to reduce our debt or otherwise improve our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. These actions may include open market debt repurchases, negotiated repurchases, other retirements of outstanding debt and/or opportunistic refinancing of debt. The amount of debt that may be repurchased or otherwise retired or refinanced, if any, will depend on market conditions, trading levels of our debt, our cash position, compliance with debt covenants and other considerations.

Fleet and Equipment Financing Arrangements

We have entered into the Fleet Agreement which, among other things, allows us to obtain fleet vehicles through a leasing program. We expect to fulfill substantially all of our vehicle fleet needs through the leasing program under the Fleet Agreement. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we acquired $23 million of vehicles through the leasing program under the Fleet Agreement. All leases under the Fleet Agreement are capital leases for accounting purposes. The lease rental payments include an interest component calculated using a variable rate based on one-month LIBOR plus other contractual adjustments and a borrowing margin totaling 2.45 percent. We have no minimum commitment for the number of vehicles to be obtained under the Fleet Agreement.

Additionally, a portion of our property and equipment is leased through programs outside the scope of the Fleet Agreement. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, $1 million of property and equipment was acquired through these incremental leasing programs. We anticipate new lease financings, including the Fleet Agreement and incremental leasing programs, for the full year 2018 will range from $25 million to $35 million.

Limitations on Distributions and Dividends by Subsidiaries

We are a holding company, and as such have no independent operations or material assets other than ownership of equity interests in our subsidiaries. We depend on our subsidiaries to distribute funds to us so that we may pay obligations and expenses, including satisfying obligations with respect to indebtedness. The ability of our subsidiaries to make distributions and dividends to us depends on their operating results, cash requirements and financial condition and general business conditions, as well as restrictions under the laws of our subsidiaries’ jurisdictions.

The agreements governing the Credit Facilities may restrict the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends, make loans or otherwise transfer assets to us. Further, our subsidiaries are permitted under the terms of the Credit Facilities and other indebtedness to incur additional indebtedness that may restrict or prohibit the making of distributions, the payment of dividends or the making of loans by such subsidiaries to us.

Furthermore, there are third-party restrictions on the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to transfer funds to us. These restrictions are related to regulatory requirements at American Home Shield and to a subsidiary borrowing arrangement at SMAC. The payments of ordinary and extraordinary dividends by our home service plan and similar subsidiaries (through which we conduct our American Home Shield Segment) are subject to significant regulatory restrictions under the laws and regulations of the states in which they operate. Among other things, such laws and regulations require certain subsidiaries to maintain minimum capital and net worth requirements and may limit the amount of ordinary and extraordinary dividends and other payments that these subsidiaries can pay to

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us. As of September 30, 2018, the total net assets subject to these third-party restrictions was $194 million. Restrictions related to the regulatory requirements at American Home Shield are not in effect beginning October 1, 2018 subsequent to the spin-off. None of our subsidiaries are obligated to make funds available to us through the payment of dividends.

We previously considered the earnings in our non-U.S. subsidiaries to be indefinitely reinvested and, accordingly, recorded no deferred income taxes. The Act imposes a one-time tax (“Transition Tax”) on undistributed and previously untaxed post-1986 foreign earnings and profits, as determined in accordance with U.S. tax principles, of certain foreign owned corporations owned by U.S. stockholders. Prior to the Transition Tax included in the Act discussed herein, we had an excess amount for financial reporting over the tax basis in our foreign subsidiaries, including cumulative undistributed earnings of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries of $60 million as of December 31, 2016. While the Transition Tax resulted in all remaining undistributed foreign earnings being subject to U.S. tax, an actual repatriation from our non-U.S. subsidiaries could still be subject to additional foreign withholding taxes and U.S. state taxes. Included in our December 31, 2017 U.S. income tax provision is less than $1 million in Transition Tax.



Cash Flows

Cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities, as reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flows, are summarized in the following table.

Operating Activities

Net cash provided from operating activities from continuing operations increased $25 million to $365 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $340 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Net cash provided from operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 comprised $363 million in earnings adjusted for non-cash charges, offset, in part, by $11 million in payments related to restructuring and $15 million in payments related to the American Home Shield spin-off and a $29 million decrease in cash required for working capital (a $7 million decrease excluding the working capital impact of accrued interest and taxes). For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, working capital requirements were favorably impacted by seasonal activity, the timing of income tax payments and favorable changes in the timing of payments to certain of our vendors.

Net cash provided from operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 comprised $367 million in earnings adjusted for non-cash charges, offset, in part, by $2 million in payments related to fumigation matters, $5 million in payments related to restructuring, $3 million in payments related to the AHS spin-off and a $16 million increase in cash required for working capital (a $22 million increase excluding the working capital impact of accrued interest and taxes). For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, working capital requirements were negatively impacted by seasonal activity, offset, in part, by the timing of interest payments on the notes maturing in 2024.

Investing Activities

Net cash used for investing activities from continuing operations was $198 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to $48 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

This increase was driven by cash paid for business acquisitions, which increased to $160 million and is net of $1 million of cash acquired, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $12 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Consideration paid in 2018 for the purchase of Copesan, other pest control companies and a master distributor was from cash on hand, deferred purchase price of $42 million and future potential earnouts totaling $12 million payable to sellers. Consideration paid in 2017 for the purchase of a master distributor and for a tuck-in acquisition consisted of cash payments and debt payable to sellers. We expect to continue our tuck-in acquisition program at Terminix and to periodically evaluate other strategic acquisitions.

Capital expenditures increased to $60 million ($52 million net of government grants) for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 from $50 million ($48 million net of government grants) in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and included recurring capital needs, Global Service Center relocation costs and information technology projects. We anticipate capital expenditures for the full year 2018 will range from $70 million to $80 million, reflecting additional Global Service Center relocation costs, recurring capital needs and the continuation of investments in information systems and productivity enhancing technology. In addition, we expect incremental capital expenditures required to effect the spin-off of American Home Shield will range from

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$20 million to $30 million, principally reflecting costs to replicate information technology systems historically shared by our business units. We expect to fulfill our ongoing vehicle fleet needs through vehicle capital leases. We have no additional material capital commitments at this time.

Cash flows used for purchases of securities for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 totaled $16 million and $9 million, respectively, and were driven by the purchase of marketable securities at American Home Shield. Cash flows from sales and maturities of securities for nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 totaled $33 million and $23 million, respectively, and was driven by normal maturities of debt securities.

Cash flows used for notes receivable, net, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, totaled $5 million and were a result of a net increase in financing provided by SMAC to our franchisees and retail customers of our operating units.

Financing Activities

Net cash used for financing activities from continuing operations was $119 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $136 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

In connection with the spin-off of the American Home Shield Segment, we borrowed $1 billion under a short-term credit facility on August 1, 2018, the proceeds of which were used to pay $982 million towards its term loan facility resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $10 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. On August 16, 2018, Frontdoor issued $350 million aggregate principal of 6.75% Senior Notes due 2026, a $650 million senior secured term loan facility and a $250 million senior secured revolving credit facility in favor of the Company. The Company then used the aforementioned indebtedness of Frontdoor to repay the short-term credit facility through a debt-for-debt exchange. In addition, during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company made scheduled principal payments on long-term debt of $127 million, which included a $79 million payment upon maturity of the 2018 Notes using cash on hand from operations. We paid $16 million in debt issuance costs related to the debt transactions entered into in connection with the spin-off of the American Home Shield Segment. We received $6 million from the issuance of common stock upon the exercise of stock options.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we made scheduled principal payments on long-term debt of $48 million, purchased $30 million in aggregate principal amount of our 7.25% notes maturing in 2038 using available cash, repurchased $85 million of common stock and received $27 million from the issuance of common stock upon the exercise of stock options and shares issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

Contractual Obligations

Our 2017 Form 10-K includes disclosures of our contractual obligations and commitments as of December 31, 2017. As indicated above, in connection with the spin-off of the American Home Shield Segment, we repaid $982 million of our outstanding term loan debt. As of October 1, 2018, we also transferred to Frontdoor all of the liabilities and contractual obligations related to the American Home Shield segment. In addition, we continue to make the contractually required payments, and, therefore, the 2018 obligations and commitments as listed in our 2017 Form 10-K have been reduced by the required payments and the spin-off of American Home Shield.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2018 we did not have any significant off-balance sheet arrangements.

We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. Accordingly, we are not materially exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in such relationships.



Regulatory Matters

On December 16, 2016, the U.S. Virgin Islands Department of Justice filed a civil complaint in the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands related to a fumigation incident in a matter styled Government of the United States Virgin Islands v. The ServiceMaster Company, LLC, The Terminix International Company Limited Partnership, and Terminix International USVI, LLC. The amount and extent of any potential penalties, fines sanctions, costs and damages that the federal or other governmental authorities may yet impose, investigation or other costs and reputational harm, as well as the impact of any additional civil, criminal or other claims or judicial, administrative or regulatory proceedings resulting from or related to the U.S. Virgin Islands fumigation matter, which could be material, is not currently known, and any such further penalties, fines, sanctions, costs or damages would not be covered under the Company’s general liability policies.

Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements and cautionary statements. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terms such as “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “shall,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “seeks,” “aims,” “projects,” “is optimistic,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates” or other comparable terms. Forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to: the incurrence of significant transaction costs, the impact of the spin-off on the businesses of ServiceMaster and Frontdoor, and the failure to achieve anticipated benefits of the spin-off. 

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These forward-looking statements also include, but are not limited to statements regarding our intentions, beliefs, assumptions or current expectations concerning, among other things, financial position; results of operations; cash flows; prospects; growth strategies or expectations; customer retention; the continuation of acquisitions, including the integration of any acquired company and risks relating to any such acquired company; fuel prices; attraction and retention of key personnel; the impact of fuel swaps; the valuation of marketable securities; estimates of accruals for self-insured claims related to workers’ compensation, auto and general liability risks; estimates of accruals for home service plan claims; estimates of future payments under operating and capital leases; estimates on current and deferred tax provisions; the outcome (by judgment or settlement) and costs of legal or administrative proceedings, including, without limitation, collective, representative or class action litigation; and the impact of prevailing economic conditions.

Forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties, many of which may be beyond our control. We caution you that forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance or outcomes and that actual performance and outcomes, including, without limitation, our actual results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and the development of the market segments in which we operate, may differ materially from those made in or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in this report. In addition, even if our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, and the development of the market segments in which we operate, are consistent with the forward-looking statements contained in this report, those results or developments may not be indicative of results or developments in subsequent periods. A number of important factors, including, without limitation, the risks and uncertainties discussed in “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2018 and in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” above could cause actual results and outcomes to differ from those reflected in the forward-looking statements. Additional factors that could cause actual results and outcomes to differ from those reflected in forward-looking statements include, without limitation:

You should read this report completely and with the understanding that actual future results may be materially different from expectations. All forward-looking statements made in this report are qualified by these cautionary statements. These forward-looking

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statements are made only as of the date of this report, and we do not undertake any obligation, other than as may be required by law, to update or revise any forward-looking or cautionary statements to reflect changes in assumptions, the occurrence of events, unanticipated or otherwise, and changes in future operating results over time or otherwise.

Comparisons of results for current and any prior periods are not intended to express any future trends, or indications of future performance, unless expressed as such, and should only be viewed as historical data. 

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The economy and its impact on discretionary consumer spending, labor wages, fuel prices and other material costs, home resales, unemployment rates, insurance costs and medical costs could have a material adverse impact on future results of operations.

We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. We have entered into specific financial arrangements, primarily fuel swap agreements and interest rate swap agreements, in the normal course of business to manage certain market risks, with a policy of matching positions and limiting the terms of contracts to relatively short durations. The effect of derivative financial instrument transactions could have a material impact on our financial statements.

Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes and manage this exposure through the use of variable-rate and fixed-rate debt and by utilizing interest rate swaps. In our opinion, the market risk associated with debt obligations and other significant instruments as of September 30, 2018 has not materially changed from December 31, 2017 (see Item 7A of the 2017 Form 10-K).

Fuel Price Risk

We are exposed to market risk for changes in fuel prices through the consumption of fuel by our vehicle fleet in the delivery of services to our customers. We expect to use approximately 12 million gallons of fuel in 2018.  As of September 30, 2018, a 10 percent change in fuel prices would result in a change of approximately $3 million in our annual fuel cost before considering the impact of fuel swap contracts. 

We use fuel swap contracts to mitigate the financial impact of fluctuations in fuel prices. As of September 30, 2018, we had fuel swap contracts to pay fixed prices for fuel with an aggregate notional amount of $30 million, maturing through 2019. The estimated fair value of these contracts as of September 30, 2018 was a net asset of $4 million. These fuel swap contracts provide a fixed price for approximately 81 percent and 77 percent of our estimated fuel usage for the remainder of 2018 and 2019, respectively. 

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

Our Chief Executive Officer, Nikhil M. Varty, and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Anthony D. DiLucente, have evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as required by Rule 13a-15(b) and Rule 15d-15(b) under the Exchange Act. Messrs. Varty and DiLucente have concluded that both the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2018.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

No changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or Rule 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. 

Item 



PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

On December 16, 2016, the U.S. Virgin Islands Department of Justice filed a civil complaint in the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands related to a fumigation incident in a matter styled Government of the United States Virgin Islands v. The ServiceMaster Company, LLC, The Terminix International Company Limited Partnership, and Terminix International USVI, LLC. The amount and extent of any potential penalties, fines sanctions, costs and damages that the federal or other governmental authorities may yet impose, investigation or other costs and reputational harm, as well as the impact of any additional civil, criminal or other claims or judicial, administrative or regulatory proceedings resulting from or related to the U.S. Virgin Islands fumigation matter, which could be material, is not currently known, and any such further penalties, fines, sanctions, costs or damages would not be covered under the Company’s general liability policies.

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In addition to the matter discussed above, in the ordinary course of conducting business activities, we and our subsidiaries become involved in judicial, administrative and regulatory proceedings involving both private parties and governmental authorities. These proceedings include insured and uninsured matters that are brought on an individual, collective, representative and class action basis, or other proceedings involving regulatory, employment, general and commercial liability, automobile liability, wage and hour, environmental and other matters. We have entered into settlement agreements in certain cases, including with respect to putative collective and class actions, which are subject to court or other approvals, and which require compliance with the terms of the agreements. If one or more of our settlements are not finally approved and implemented, we could have additional or different exposure, which could be material. Subject to the paragraphs above, we do not expect any of these proceedings to have a material effect on our reputation, business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows; however, we can give no assurance that the results of any such proceedings will not materially affect our reputation, business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. See Note 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statement for more details.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

We discuss in our 2017 Form 10-K, our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2018 (the “2018 Q2 10-Q”) and our other filings with the SEC various risks that may materially affect our business.  There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in the 2017 Form 10-K and the 2018 Q2 10-Q. The materialization of any risks and uncertainties identified in Forward-Looking Statements contained in this report, together with those previously disclosed in the 2017 Form 10-K and the 2018 Q2 10-Q and our other filings with the SEC or those that are presently unforeseen could result in significant adverse effects on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. See “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS



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# Filed herewith. 



 



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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: November 7, 2018





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