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EX-32.01 - Biglari Holdings Inc.ex3201to10q07428007_08032018.htm
EX-31.02 - Biglari Holdings Inc.ex3102to10q07428007_08032018.htm
EX-31.01 - Biglari Holdings Inc.ex3101to10q07428007_08032018.htm

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 ☒   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018

 

or

 

 ☐   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___ to ___

 

Commission file number 001-38477

 

BIGLARI HOLDINGS INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 
INDIANA   82-3784946
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 

17802 IH 10 West, Suite 400

San Antonio, Texas

 

 

78257

(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

 

(210) 344-3400

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

 

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yesx Noo

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer o

Emerging growth company o

Accelerated filer x Non-accelerated filer o

Smaller reporting company o

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No x

 

Number of shares of common stock outstanding as of July 31, 2018:

Class A common stock – 206,864
Class B common stock – 2,068,640

 

 

 

BIGLARI HOLDINGS INC.
INDEX

 

   
      Page No.
Part I – Financial Information    
       
Item 1. Financial Statements      
  Consolidated Balance Sheets — June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017   1  
  Consolidated Statements of Earnings — Second Quarter and First Six Months 2018 and 2017   2  
  Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income — Second Quarter and First Six Months 2018 and 2017   2  
  Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows — First Six Months 2018 and 2017   3  
  Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity — First Six Months 2018 and 2017   4  
  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements   5  
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations   19  
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk   26  
Item 4. Controls and Procedures   26  
         
Part II – Other Information      
         
Item 1. Legal Proceedings   27  
Item 1A. Risk Factors   27  
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds   27  
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities   27  
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures   27  
Item 5. Other Information   27  
Item 6. Exhibits   27  
Signatures   28  

 

 

 

PART 1 – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

BIGLARI HOLDINGS INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(dollars in thousands)

 

   June 30,
2018
  December 31,
2017
    (Unaudited)      
Assets          
Current assets:          
Cash and cash equivalents  $48,411   $58,577 
Investments   24,348    23,289 
Receivables   11,253    16,284 
Inventories   6,999    7,268 
Other current assets   9,166    7,221 
Total current assets   100,177    112,639 
Property and equipment   287,791    295,800 
Goodwill and other intangible assets   68,524    66,645 
Investment partnerships   534,794    566,021 
Other assets   17,201    22,479 
Total assets  $1,008,487   $1,063,584 
           
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity          
Liabilities          
Current liabilities:          
Accounts payable and accrued expenses  $110,878   $128,744 
Current portion of notes payable and other borrowings   6,296    6,748 
Total current liabilities   117,174    135,492 
Long-term notes payable and other borrowings   252,026    256,994 
Deferred taxes   86,048    88,401 
Other liabilities   10,509    11,369 
Total liabilities   465,757    492,256 
           
Shareholders’ equity          
Common stock   1,138    1,071 
Additional paid-in capital   381,904    382,014 
Retained earnings   535,415    565,504 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss   (2,107)   (1,404)
Treasury stock, at cost   (373,620)   (375,857)
Biglari Holdings Inc. shareholders’ equity   542,730    571,328 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity  $1,008,487   $1,063,584 

  

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

1

  

BIGLARI HOLDINGS INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS

(dollars in thousands except per share amounts)

 

   Second Quarter  First Six Months
   2018  2017  2018  2017
   (Unaudited)  (Unaudited)
Revenues            
Restaurant operations  $200,594   $204,867   $394,528   $400,561 
Insurance premiums and other   6,745    6,183    13,292    12,263 
Media advertising and other   1,400    1,904    3,144    3,523 
    208,739    212,954    410,964    416,347 
Cost and expenses                    
Restaurant cost of sales   160,559    166,478    318,909    323,776 
Insurance losses and underwriting expenses   4,473    4,743    10,401    9,763 
Media cost of sales   980    1,741    2,497    3,234 
Selling, general and administrative   32,950    31,655    65,600    61,141 
Depreciation and amortization   4,816    5,433    9,762    11,054 
    203,778    210,050    407,169    408,968 
Other income (expenses)                    
Interest expense   (2,898)   (2,781)   (5,652)   (5,605)
Interest on obligations under leases   (2,151)   (2,318)   (4,337)   (4,598)
Investment partnership gains (losses)   (8,341)   37,238    (4,846)   12,270 
Total other income (expenses)   (13,390)   32,139    (14,835)   2,067 
Earnings (loss) before income taxes   (8,429)   35,043    (11,040)   9,446 
Income tax expense (benefit)   (890)   13,917    (1,687)   4,141 
Net earnings (loss)  $(7,539)  $21,126   $(9,353)  $5,305 
Earnings per share                    
Net earnings (loss) per equivalent Class A share *  $(21.73)  $57.27   $(26.76)  $14.35 

 

* Net earnings (loss) per equivalent Class B share outstanding are one-fifth of the equivalent Class A share or $(4.35) and $(5.35) for the second quarter and first six months of 2018, respectively, and $11.45 and $2.87 for the second quarter  and first six months of 2017, respectively.

 

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(dollars in thousands)

 

   Second Quarter  First Six Months
   2018  2017  2018  2017
   (Unaudited)  (Unaudited)
Net earnings (loss)  $(7,539)  $21,126   $(9,353)  $5,305 
Other comprehensive income:                    
Net change in unrealized                    
gains and losses on investments   —      (1)   —      190 
Applicable income taxes   —      —      —      (67)
Reclassification to earnings     —      —      (73)   —   
Applicable income taxes   —      —      15    —   
Foreign currency translation   (1,141)   1,003    (645)   1,188 
Other comprehensive income, net   (1,141)   1,002    (703)   1,311 
Total comprehensive loss  $(8,680)  $22,128   $(10,056)  $6,616 

 

 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

2

 

BIGLARI HOLDINGS INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(dollars in thousands)

 

   First Six Months
   2018  2017
   (Unaudited)
Operating activities          
Net earnings (loss)  $(9,353)  $5,305 
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to operating cash flows:          
Depreciation and amortization   9,762    11,054 
Provision for deferred income taxes   (2,858)   2,908 
Asset impairments and other non-cash expenses   714    1,465 
Loss on disposal of assets   103    193 
Investment partnership (gains) losses   4,846    (12,270)
Distributions from investment partnerships   7,700    5,015 
Changes in receivables and inventories   4,817    4,256 
Changes in other assets   1,212    235 
Changes in accounts payable and accrued expenses   (17,408)   (1,785)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities   (465)   16,376 
Investing activities          
Capital expenditures   (7,218)   (4,779)
Proceeds from property and equipment disposals   2,476    520 
Purchases of investments   (24,972)   (23,140)
Redemptions of fixed maturity securities   24,000    18,653 
Net cash used in investing activities   (5,714)   (8,746)
Financing activities          
Payments on revolving credit facility   (132)   (73)
Principal payments on long-term debt   (1,100)   (16,100)
Principal payments on direct financing lease obligations   (2,749)   (2,726)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options   49    30 
Net cash used in financing activities   (3,932)   (18,869)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash   (55)   100 
Decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash   (10,166)   (11,139)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year   67,230    75,808 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of second quarter  $57,064   $64,669 

 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

3


BIGLARI HOLDINGS INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands)

 

   Common Stock  Additional Paid-In Capital  Retained Earnings  Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)  Treasury Stock  Total
Balance at December 31, 2017  $1,071   $382,014   $565,504   $(1,404)  $(375,857)  $571,328 
Net earnings (loss)             (9,353)             (9,353)
Adoption of accounting standards             90              90 
Other comprehensive income, net                  (703)        (703)
Conversion of common stock   67    (67)   (20,826)        20,826    —   
Adjustment to treasury stock for                              
  holdings in investment partnerships                       (18,681)   (18,681)
Exercise of stock options        (43)             92    49 
Balance at June 30, 2018  $1,138   $381,904   $535,415   $(2,107)  $(373,620)  $542,730 
                               
                               
Balance at December 31, 2016  $1,071   $381,906   $515,433   $(3,584)  $(362,886)  $531,940 
Net earnings (loss)             5,305              5,305 
Other comprehensive income, net                  1,311         1,311 
Adjustment to treasury stock for                              
holdings in investment partnerships        116              (2,961)   (2,845)
Exercise of stock options        (8)             38    30 
Balance at June 30, 2017  $1,071   $382,014   $520,738   $(2,273)  $(365,809)  $535,741 

  

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

 

BIGLARI HOLDINGS INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2018

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Description of Business

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Biglari Holdings Inc. (“Biglari Holdings” or the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) applicable to interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In our opinion, all adjustments considered necessary to present fairly the results of the interim periods have been included and consist only of normal recurring adjustments. The results for the interim periods shown are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire fiscal year. The financial statements contained herein should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

 

Biglari Holdings is a holding company owning subsidiaries engaged in a number of diverse business activities, including media, property and casualty insurance, and restaurants. The Company’s largest operating subsidiaries are involved in the franchising and operating of restaurants. Biglari Holdings is founded and led by Sardar Biglari, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. The Company’s long-term objective is to maximize per-share intrinsic value. All major operating, investment, and capital allocation decisions are made for the Company and its subsidiaries by Mr. Biglari.

 

On March 5, 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with its predecessor registrant, now known as OBH Inc. (the “Predecessor”), and BH Merger Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Pursuant to the agreement, on April 30, 2018, BH Merger Company merged with and into the Predecessor, with the Predecessor continuing as the surviving corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.

 

As a result of the April 30, 2018 transaction, the Company has two classes of common stock designated Class A common stock and Class B common stock. A share of Class B common stock has economic rights equivalent to 1/5th of a share of Class A common stock; however, Class B common stock has no voting rights. Upon completion of the transaction, every ten (10) shares of common stock outstanding on April 30, 2018 converted into (i) ten (10) shares of Class B common stock and (ii) one (1) share of Class A common stock.

 

Since May 1, 2018, the shares of the Company’s Class A common stock have traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the ticker symbol “BH.A,” whereas the Class B common stock trades on the NYSE under the ticker symbol “BH,” which is the former ticker symbol for the Predecessor’s common stock.

 

For accounting purposes, the April 30, 2018 transaction will be treated as a merger of entities under common control. Accordingly, the consolidated financial position and results of operations of the Predecessor will be included in the consolidated financial statements on the same basis as currently presented, except for earnings per share which is impacted by the issuance of the new common shares. The Company has applied the “two-class method” of computing earnings per share as prescribed in ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share.”

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Incentive Agreement with the Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Biglari purchased 4,084 shares of Class A common stock from June 5, 2018 through June 19, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, Mr. Biglari’s beneficial ownership was approximately 56.3% of the Company’s outstanding Class A common stock and 54.3% of the Company’s outstanding Class B common stock.

 

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries including Steak n Shake Inc. (“Steak n Shake”), Western Sizzlin Corporation (“Western”), Maxim Inc. (“Maxim”) and First Guard Insurance Company and its agency, 1st Guard Corporation (collectively “First Guard”).  Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

5

 

Note 2. New Accounting Standards

 

In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. ASU 2017-04 provides for the elimination of Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. If impairment charges are recognized, the amount recorded will be the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value with certain limitations. The ASU is effective for public companies for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company has adopted ASU 2017-04 early and will apply the new guidance in the event of any potential goodwill impairment.

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 amends guidance on reporting credit losses for assets held at amortized cost basis and available for sale debt securities. For available for sale debt securities, credit losses should be measured in a manner similar to current GAAP; however ASU 2016-13 will require that credit losses be presented as an allowance rather than as a write-down. The amendments in this update are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. ASU 2016-02 requires a lessee to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet, along with additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect this amended guidance will have on our consolidated balance sheet and results of operations. We anticipate the ASU will have a material impact on our balance sheet, but the ASU is non-cash in nature and will not affect our cash position.

 

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. The objective of the update is to reduce diversity in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this update are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). On January 1, 2018, we adopted FASB accounting standards codification Topic 606 (“ASC 606”). In accordance with ASC 606, we changed certain characteristics of our revenue recognition accounting policy as described below. ASC 606 was applied using the modified retrospective method, where the cumulative effect of the initial application is recognized as an adjustment to opening retained earnings at January 1, 2018. Comparative prior periods have not been adjusted.

 

The following table summarizes the impact of the adoption of ASC 606 on revenues, operating expenses and net earnings for the second quarter of 2018.

 

   As Reported  Adjustments
for the
Adoption of
ASC 606
  Amounts without
Adoption of
ASC 606
Statements of Earnings               
Revenues               
Restaurant operations               
Net sales  $191,797   $—     $191,797 
Franchise royalties and fees   7,773    2,333    5,440 
Other   1,024    15    1,009 
Selling, general and administrative   32,950    2,441    30,509 
Earnings (loss) before income taxes   (8,429)   (93)   (8,336)
Income tax expense (benefit)   (890)   (23)   (867)
Net earnings (loss)   (7,539)   (70)   (7,469)

 

6

 

The following table summarizes the impact of the adoption of ASC 606 on revenues, operating expenses and net earnings for the first six months of 2018.

 

   As Reported  Adjustments
for the
Adoption of
ASC 606
  Amounts without
Adoption of
ASC 606
Statements of Earnings               
Revenues               
Restaurant operations               
Net sales  $377,368   $—     $377,368 
Franchise royalties and fees   14,875    4,702    10,173 
Other   2,285    294    1,991 
Selling, general and administrative   65,600    4,963    60,637 
Earnings (loss) before income taxes   (11,040)   33   (11,073)
Income tax expense (benefit)   (1,687)   8    (1,695)
Net earnings (loss)   (9,353)   25    (9,378)

 

The impact of ASC 606 on the Company’s balance sheet as of June 30, 2018 was not material. The cumulative change in retained earnings as of January 1, 2018 was $90. Upon adoption of ASC 606, the Company changed its restaurant operations accounting policies for the recognition of franchise fees, recording of advertising arrangements, and recognition of gift card revenue. See additional revenue disclosures in Note 8 Restaurant Operations Revenues. The adoption of ASC 606 did not have any significant impact on our insurance or media businesses.

 

Note 3. Earnings Per Share

 

Earnings per share of common stock is based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. The shares of Company stock attributable to our limited partner interest in The Lion Fund, L.P. and The Lion Fund II, L.P. (collectively, the “investment partnerships”) — based on our proportional ownership during this period — are considered treasury stock on the consolidated balance sheet and thereby deemed not to be included in the calculation of weighted average common shares outstanding. However, these shares are legally outstanding.

 

On September 16, 2017, The Lion Fund II, L.P. entered into a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan to purchase Biglari Holdings common stock at prevailing market prices. During the first six months of 2018, 45,302 shares were purchased. All of the shares purchased under the trading plan remain legally outstanding. The trading plan was terminated on May 1, 2018.

 

As a result of the transaction on April 30, 2018, the Predecessor’s common stock converted into the right to receive shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock. The treasury shares outstanding on April 30, 2018, were retired and not converted into Class A and Class B common stock. The following table presents shares authorized, issued and outstanding on June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

 

   June 30, 2018  December 31,
   Class A  Class B  2017
Common stock authorized   500,000    10,000,000    2,500,000 
                
Common stock issued   206,864    2,068,640    2,142,202 
Treasury stock held by the Company   —      —      (74,589)
Outstanding shares   206,864    2,068,640    2,067,613 

 

The issuance of dual class common stock on April 30, 2018 is applied on a retrospective basis for the calculation of earnings per share. Accordingly, earnings per share for the first six months of 2018 and 2017 are impacted by the issuance of the new common shares. The Company has applied the “two-class method” of computing earnings per share as prescribed in ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share.”

 

On an equivalent Class A common stock basis, there were 620,592 shares outstanding as of June 30, 2018 and 620,284 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2017.

7

 

Note 3. Earnings Per Share (continued)

 

For financial reporting purposes, the proportional ownership of the Company’s common stock owned by the investment partnerships is excluded in the earnings per share calculation. After giving effect for the investment partnerships’ proportional ownership of common stock, the equivalent Class A weighted average common shares during the second quarters of 2018 and 2017 were 346,988 and 368,880, respectively. The equivalent Class A weighted average common shares during the first six months of 2018 and 2017 were 349,575 and 369,608, respectively.

 

Each Class A common share is entitled to one vote. Class B common stock possesses economic rights equal to one-fifth (1/5th) of such rights of Class A common stock; however, Class B common stock has no voting rights.

 

Note 4. Investments

Investments consisted of the following.

 

   June 30,
2018
  December 31, 2017
Cost  $24,222   $23,216 
Gross unrealized gains   126    73 
Fair value  $24,348   $23,289 

 

Investments in equity securities and a related put option of $4,463 are included in other current assets as of June 30, 2018 and in other assets as of December 31, 2017. The investments are recorded at fair value.

 

Note 5. Investment Partnerships

 

The Company reports on the limited partnership interests in investment partnerships under the equity method of accounting. We record our proportional share of equity in the investment partnerships but exclude Company common stock held by said partnerships. The Company’s pro-rata share of its common stock held by the investment partnerships is recorded as treasury stock even though they are legally outstanding. The Company records gains/losses from investment partnerships (inclusive of the investment partnerships’ unrealized gains and losses on their securities) in the consolidated statements of earnings based on our carrying value of these partnerships. The fair value is calculated net of the general partner’s accrued incentive fees. Gains and losses on Company common stock included in the earnings of these partnerships are eliminated because they are recorded as treasury stock.

 

Biglari Capital Corp. (“Biglari Capital”) is the general partner of the investment partnerships and is an entity solely owned by Mr. Biglari.

 

The fair value and adjustment for Company common stock held by the investment partnerships to determine the carrying value of our partnership interest is presented below.

 

   Fair Value  Company Common Stock  Carrying Value
Partnership interest at December 31, 2017  $925,279   $359,258   $566,021 
Investment partnership gains (losses)   (128,725)   (123,879)   (4,846)
Contributions (net of distributions) to investment partnerships   (7,700)        (7,700)
Increase in proportionate share of Company stock held        18,681    (18,681)
Partnership interest at June 30, 2018  $788,854   $254,060   $534,794 
                
    Fair Value    Company Common Stock    Carrying Value 
Partnership interest at December 31, 2016  $972,707   $395,070   $577,637 
Investment partnership gains (losses)   (49,376)   (61,646)   12,270 
Contributions (net of distributions) to investment partnerships   (1,308)        (1,308)
Increase in proportionate share of Company stock held        2,845    (2,845)
Partnership interest at June 30, 2017  $922,023   $336,269   $585,754 

 

8

 

Note 5. Investment Partnerships (continued)

 

The carrying value of the investment partnerships net of deferred taxes is presented below.

 

   June 30,
2018
  December 31, 2017
Carrying value of investment partnerships  $534,794   $566,021 
Deferred tax liability related to investment partnerships   (93,562)   (95,309)
Carrying value of investment partnerships net of deferred taxes  $441,232   $470,712 

 

The Company’s proportionate share of Company stock held by investment partnerships at cost is $373,620 and $354,939 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, and is recorded as treasury stock.

 

The carrying value of the partnership interest approximates fair value adjusted by the value of held Company stock. Fair value is according to our proportional ownership interest of the fair value of investments held by the investment partnerships. The fair value measurement is classified as level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.

 

Gains (losses) from investment partnerships recorded in the Company’s consolidated statements of earnings are presented below.

 

   Second Quarter  First Six Months
   2018  2017  2018  2017
Gains (losses) on investment partnership  $(8,341)  $37,238   $(4,846)  $12,270 
Tax expense (benefit)   (2,464)   13,543    (2,044)   3,782 
Contribution to net earnings (loss)  $(5,877)  $23,695   $(2,802)  $8,488 

 

On December 31 of each year, the general partner of the investment partnerships will earn an incentive reallocation fee for the Company’s investments equal to 25% of the net profits above a hurdle rate of 6% over the previous high-water mark. Our policy is to accrue an estimated incentive fee throughout the year. The Company did not accrue an incentive fee during the first six months of 2018 or 2017. Our investments in these partnerships are committed on a rolling 5-year basis.

 

Summarized financial information for The Lion Fund, L.P. and The Lion Fund II, L.P. is presented below.

 

    Equity in Investment Partnerships 
    Lion Fund    Lion Fund II 
Total assets as of June 30, 2018  $150,550   $952,134 
Total liabilities as of June 30, 2018  $109   $200,861 
Revenue for the first six months of 2018  $(49,773)  $(99,751)
Earnings (loss) for the first six months of 2018  $(49,805)  $(104,290)
Biglari Holdings’ ownership interest as of June 30, 2018   65.3%   92.2%
           
Total assets as of December 31, 2017  $203,560   $1,060,737 
Total liabilities as of December 31, 2017  $157   $199,974 
Revenue for the first six months of 2017  $(22,919)  $(29,372)
Earnings (loss) for the first six months of 2017  $(22,949)  $(37,600)
Biglari Holdings’ ownership interest as of June 30, 2017   63.9%   92.9%

 

Revenue in the above summarized financial information of the investment partnerships includes investment income and unrealized gains and losses on investments. The investments held by the investment partnerships are largely concentrated in the common stock of one investee, Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc.

 

9

 

Note 6. Property and Equipment

 

 

Property and equipment is composed of the following.

 

   June 30,
2018
  December 31, 2017
Land  $154,786   $156,506 
Buildings   150,370    152,610 
Land and leasehold improvements   162,328    162,652 
Equipment   200,209    203,145 
Construction in progress   1,766    1,782 
    669,459    676,695 
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization   (381,668)   (380,895)
Property and equipment, net  $287,791   $295,800 

 

Note 7. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

 

Goodwill

Goodwill consists of the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired in connection with business acquisitions.

 

A reconciliation of the change in the carrying value of goodwill is as follows.

 

   Restaurants  Other  Total
Goodwill at December 31, 2017  $28,168   $11,913   $40,081 
Change in foreign exchange rates during the first six months 2018   (16)   —      (16)
Goodwill at June 30, 2018  $28,152   $11,913   $40,065 

 

We are required to assess goodwill and any indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually, or more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. Goodwill impairment occurs when the estimated fair value of goodwill is less than its carrying value. The valuation methodology and underlying financial information included in our determination of fair value require significant management judgments. We use both market and income approaches to derive fair value. The judgments in these two approaches include, but are not limited to, comparable market multiples, long-term projections of future financial performance, and the selection of appropriate discount rates used to determine the present value of future cash flows. Changes in such estimates or the application of alternative assumptions could produce significantly different results. No impairment charges for goodwill were recorded in the first six months of 2018 or 2017.

Other Intangible Assets

Other intangible assets are composed of the following.

 

   June 30, 2018  December 31, 2017
   Gross carrying amount  Accumulated amortization  Total  Gross carrying amount  Accumulated amortization  Total
Franchise agreement  $5,310   $(4,381)  $929   $5,310   $(4,116)  $1,194 
Other   810    (759)   51    810    (743)   67 
Total   6,120    (5,140)   980    6,120    (4,859)   1,261 
Intangible assets with indefinite lives:                              
Trade names   15,876    —      15,876    15,876    —      15,876 
Other assets with indefinite lives   11,603    —      11,603    9,427    —      9,427 
Total intangible assets  $33,599   $(5,140)  $28,459   $31,423   $(4,859)  $26,564 

 

Intangible assets subject to amortization consist of franchise agreements connected with the purchase of Western as well as rights to favorable leases related to prior acquisitions. These intangible assets are being amortized over their estimated weighted average of useful lives ranging from eight to twelve years. Amortization expense for the first six months of 2018 and 2017 was $281 and $285, respectively. The Company’s intangible assets with definite lives will fully amortize in 2020. Total annual amortization expense for 2019 is expected to be approximately $500. Intangible assets with indefinite lives consist of trade names, franchise rights as well as lease rights. During the second quarter of 2018, the Company purchased lease rights totaling $2,556.

10

 

Note 8. Restaurant Operations Revenues

 

Restaurant operations revenues were as follows.

 

   Second Quarter  First Six Months
   2018  2017  2018  2017
Net sales  $191,797   $198,501   $377,368   $387,552 
Franchise royalties and fees   7,773    5,349    14,875    10,905 
Other   1,024    1,017    2,285    2,104 
   $200,594   $204,867   $394,528   $400,561 

 

In accordance with ASC 606-10-50, the Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers. The only Company segment that was affected significantly by ASC 606 was restaurants. The Company’s accounting policies and practices related to restaurant operations revenues consist of the following under ASC 606.

 

Net sales

Net sales were composed of retail sales of food through Company-owned stores. Company-owned store revenues are recognized when control of the food items are transferred to our customers at the point of sale. Sales taxes related to these sales are collected from customers and remitted to the appropriate taxing authority and are not reflected in the Company’s consolidated statements of income as revenue.

 

Franchise royalties and fees

Franchise royalties and fees are composed of royalties and fees from Steak n Shake and Western Sizzlin franchisees. Royalty revenues are based on a percentage of franchise sales and are recognized when the retail food items are purchased by franchise customers. Initial franchise fees received are deferred when amounts are received and recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the term of each respective franchise agreement, which is typically 20 years. This represents a change in methodology under the adoption of ASC 606 for we have historically recognized initial franchise fees upon the opening of a franchise restaurant.

 

During the quarter ended June 30, 2018 and the first six months of 2018, restaurant operations recognized $718 and $1,087, respectively, in revenue related to initial franchise fees. As of June 30, 2018 and January 1, 2018, restaurant operations had deferred revenue related to franchise fees of $10,521 and $10,581, respectively. Restaurant operations expects to recognize approximately $253 of deferred revenue during the remainder of 2018, approximately $543 in 2019 and the balance in the years 2020 through 2038.

 

Our advertising arrangements with franchisees are reported in franchise royalties and fees. This represents a change in methodology under the adoption of ASC 606 as we have historically reported advertising funds from the franchisees as an offset to marketing expense in our consolidated statement of earnings.

 

During the quarter ended June 30, 2018 and the first six months of 2018, restaurant operations recognized $2,409 and $4,846, respectively, in revenue related to franchisee advertising fees. As of June 30, 2018 and January 1, 2018, restaurant operations had deferred revenue related to franchisee advertising fees of $2,245 and $2,064, respectively. Restaurant operations expects to recognize approximately $748 of deferred revenue during the remainder of 2018 and the balance in 2019.

 

Gift card revenue

Restaurant operations sells gift cards to customers which can be redeemed for retail food sales within our stores. Gift cards are recorded as deferred revenue when issued and are subsequently recorded as net sales upon redemption. Restaurant operations estimates breakage related to gift cards when the likelihood of redemption is remote. This estimate utilizes historical trends based on the vintage of the gift card. Breakage on gift cards is recorded as other revenue in proportion to the rate of gift card redemptions by vintage. This represents a change in the methodology under the adoption of ASC 606 used to estimate breakage as we have historically recognized breakage for the portion of the gift card balances that remained outstanding following 48 months of issuance.

 

For the quarter ended June 30, 2018 and the first six months of 2018, restaurant operations recognized $6,371 and $15,658, respectively, of revenue from gift card redemptions. As of June 30, 2018 and January 1, 2018, restaurant operations had deferred revenue related to unredeemed gift cards of $14,657 and $20,968, respectively. The Company expects to recognize approximately $5,784 of deferred revenue during the remainder of 2018, approximately $6,176 in 2019, and the balance in the years 2020 through 2022.

11

 

Note 9. Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses include the following.

 

   June 30,
2018
  December 31, 2017
Accounts payable  $35,671   $40,616 
Gift card liability   14,657    27,436 
Salaries, wages, and vacation   15,307    22,875 
Taxes payable   11,686    10,571 
Workers' compensation and other self-insurance accruals   8,641    9,047 
Deferred revenue   16,382    9,522 
Other   8,534    8,677 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses  $110,878   $128,744 

 

Note 10. Notes Payable and Other Borrowings

 

Notes payable and other borrowings include the following.

 

Current portion of notes payable and other borrowings  June 30,
2018
  December 31, 2017
Notes payable  $2,200   $2,200 
Unamortized original issue discount   (328)   (321)
Unamortized debt issuance costs   (596)   (585)
Obligations under leases   4,977    5,279 
Western revolver   43    175 
Total current portion of notes payable and other borrowings  $6,296   $6,748 
           
Long-term notes payable and other borrowings          
Notes payable  $182,598   $183,698 
Unamortized original issue discount   (606)   (772)
Unamortized debt issuance costs   (1,104)   (1,405)
Obligations under leases   71,138    75,473 
Total long-term notes payable and other borrowings  $252,026   $256,994 

 

Steak n Shake Credit Facility

On March 19, 2014, Steak n Shake and its subsidiaries entered into a credit agreement which provided for a senior secured term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of $220,000 and a senior secured revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $30,000. On October 27, 2017, Steak n Shake determined to end the use of its senior secured revolving credit facility. In 2017, Steak n Shake deposited $8,628 to satisfy required collateral for casualty insurance previously collateralized by letters of credit issued through the revolving credit facility. The deposits are recorded in other assets as restricted cash in the consolidated balance sheets.

 

The term loan is scheduled to mature on March 19, 2021. It amortizes at an annual rate of 1.0% in equal quarterly installments, beginning June 30, 2014, at 0.25% of the original principal amount of the term loan, subject to mandatory prepayments from excess cash flow, asset sales and other events described in the credit agreement. The balance will be due at maturity.

 

Steak n Shake has the right to request an incremental term loan facility from participating lenders and/or eligible assignees at any time, up to an aggregate total principal amount not to exceed $70,000 if certain customary conditions within the credit agreement are met.

 

The interest rate on the term loan was 5.85% as of June 30, 2018.

 

The credit agreement includes customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. Steak n Shake’s credit facility contains restrictions on its ability to pay dividends to Biglari Holdings.

 

The term loan is secured by first priority security interests in substantially all the assets of Steak n Shake. Biglari Holdings is not a guarantor under the credit facility. As of June 30, 2018, $184,798 was outstanding under the term loan.

 

12

 

Note 10. Notes Payable and Other Borrowings (continued)

 

Western Revolver

As of June 30, 2018, Western had $43 due June 13, 2019. The revolver balance was paid in full on July 18, 2018.

 

Fair Value of Debt

The fair value of long-term debt, excluding capitalized lease obligations, was approximately $160,000 at June 30, 2018. The fair value of our debt was estimated based on quoted market prices. The fair value was determined to be a Level 3 fair value measurement.

 

Note 11. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

 

During the first six months of 2018 and 2017, the changes in the balances of each component of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, were as follows.

 

   Six months ended June 30, 2018  Six months ended June 30, 2017
    Foreign currency translation adjustments    

Investment gain (loss)
    Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)    Foreign currency translation adjustments    

Investment gain (loss)
    Accumulated
other
comprehensive income (loss)
 
Beginning Balance    $(1,462)  $58   $(1,404)  $(3,447)  $(137)  $(3,584)
Other comprehensive income                              
(loss) before reclassifications         —      —            123    123 
Reclassification to                              
(earnings) loss         (58)   (58)         —      —   
Foreign currency translation   (645)        (645)   1,188         1,188 
Ending Balance  $(2,107)  $—     $(2,107)  $(2,259)  $(14)  $(2,273)

  

During the second quarters of 2018 and 2017, the changes in the balances of each component of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, were as follows.

 

   Second Quarter 2018  Second Quarter 2017
    Foreign currency translation adjustments    

Investment gain (loss)
    Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)    Foreign currency translation adjustments    

Investment gain (loss)
    Accumulated
other
comprehensive income (loss)
 
Beginning Balance    $(966)  $—     $(966)  $(3,262)  $(13)  $(3,275)
Other comprehensive income                              
(loss) before reclassifications         —      —            (1)   (1)
Reclassification to                              
(earnings) loss         —      —            —      —   
Foreign currency translation   (1,141)        (1,141)   1,003         1,003 
Ending Balance  $(2,107)  $—     $(2,107)  $(2,259)  $(14)  $(2,273)

 

Reclassifications made from accumulated other comprehensive income to the consolidated statement of earnings during the first six months of 2018 was $58; there were no reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings during the second quarters of 2018 and 2017, and first six months of 2017.

 

Note 12. Income Taxes

In determining the quarterly provision for income taxes, the Company uses an estimated annual effective tax rate based on expected annual income, statutory tax rates, and available tax planning opportunities in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. Unusual or infrequently occurring items are separately recognized during the quarter in which they occur.

 

Income tax benefit for the second quarter of 2018 was $890 compared to an income tax expense of $13,917 for the second quarter of 2017. Income tax benefit for the first six months of 2018 was $1,687 compared to an income tax expense of $4,141 for the first six months of 2017. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was signed into law on December 22, 2017. The U.S. corporate federal statutory income tax rate was reduced from 35.0% to 21.0% for tax years beginning in 2018. The variance in income taxes between 2018 and 2017 is attributable to the reduced corporate tax rate and taxes on income and losses generated by the investment partnerships.

 

As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we had approximately $365 and $357, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits, which are included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

13

 

Note 13. Commitments and Contingencies

We are involved in various legal proceedings and have certain unresolved claims pending. We believe, based on examination of these matters and experiences to date, that the ultimate liability, if any, in excess of amounts already provided in our consolidated financial statements is not likely to have a material effect on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

 

On January 29, 2018, a shareholder of the Company filed a purported class action complaint against the Company and the members of our Board of Directors in the Superior Court of Hamilton County, Indiana. The shareholder generally alleges claims of breach of fiduciary duty by the members of our Board of Directors and unjust enrichment to Mr. Biglari as a result of the issuance of dual class common stock.

 

On March 26, 2018, a shareholder of the Company filed a purported class action complaint against the Company and the members of our Board of Directors in the Superior Court of Hamilton County, Indiana. This shareholder generally alleges claims of breach of fiduciary duty by the members of our Board of Directors. This shareholder sought to enjoin the shareholder vote on April 26, 2018 to approve the issuance of dual class common stock.

 

On April 16, 2018, the shareholders withdrew their motions to enjoin the shareholder vote on April 26, 2018.

 

On May 17, 2018, the shareholders who filed the January 29, 2018 complaint and the March 26, 2018 complaint filed a new, consolidated complaint against the Company and the members of our Board of Directors in the Superior Court of Hamilton County, Indiana. The shareholders generally allege claims of breach of fiduciary duty by the members of our Board of Directors and unjust enrichment to Mr. Biglari arising out of the recent recapitalization of Biglari Holdings Inc. and the related issuance of dual class common stock. The shareholders seek, for themselves and on behalf of all other shareholders as a class (other than the individual defendants and those related to or affiliated with them), to seek a declaration that the defendants breached their duty to the shareholders and the class, and to recover unspecified damages, pre-judgment and post-judgment interest, and an award of their attorneys’ fees and other costs.

 

The Company believes the claims in each case are without merit and intends to defend these cases vigorously.

 

Note 14. Fair Value of Financial Assets

 


The fair values of substantially all of our financial instruments were measured using market or income approaches. Considerable judgment may be required in interpreting market data used to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the fair values presented are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized in an actual current market exchange. The use of alternative market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value.

 

The hierarchy for measuring fair value consists of Levels 1 through 3, which are described below.

 

  • Level 1 – Inputs represent unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities exchanged in active markets.

 

  • Level 2 – Inputs include directly or indirectly observable inputs (other than Level 1 inputs) such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities exchanged in active or inactive markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities exchanged in inactive markets; other inputs that may be considered in fair value determinations of the assets or liabilities, such as interest rates and yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks and default rates; and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. Pricing evaluations generally reflect discounted expected future cash flows, which incorporate yield curves for instruments with similar characteristics, such as credit ratings, estimated durations and yields for other instruments of the issuer or entities in the same industry sector.

 

  • Level 3 – Inputs include unobservable inputs used in the measurement of assets and liabilities. Management is required to use its own assumptions regarding unobservable inputs because there is little, if any, market activity in the assets or liabilities and we may be unable to corroborate the related observable inputs. Unobservable inputs require management to make certain projections and assumptions about the information that would be used by market participants in pricing assets or liabilities.

14

 

Note 14. Fair Value of Financial Assets (continued)

 

The following methods and assumptions were used to determine the fair value of each class of the following assets recorded at fair value in the consolidated balance sheet:

 

Cash equivalents: Cash equivalents primarily consist of money market funds which are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

 

Equity securities: The Company’s investments in equity securities are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

 

Bonds: The Company’s investments in bonds are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

 

Non-qualified deferred compensation plan investments: The assets of the non-qualified plan are set up in a rabbi trust. They represent mutual funds and are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

 

Derivative instruments: Options related to equity securities are marked to market each reporting period and are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

 

As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the fair values of financial assets were as follows.

 

   June 30, 2018  December 31, 2017
       
    Level 1    Level 2    Level 3    Total    Level 1    Level 2    Level 3    Total 
Assets                                        
Cash equivalents  $6,924   $—     $—     $6,924   $5,785   $—     $—     $5,785 
Equity securities:                                        
Consumer goods   2,251    —      —      2,251    2,445    —      —      2,445 
Bonds   —      26,958    —      26,958    —      25,901    —      25,901 
Options on equity securities   —      2,212    —      2,212    —      2,018    —      2,018 
Non-qualified deferred                                        
compensation plan                                        
investments   2,864    —      —      2,864    3,459    —      —      3,459 
Total assets at fair value  $12,039   $29,170   $—     $41,209   $11,689   $27,919   $—     $39,608 

 

There were no changes in our valuation techniques used to measure fair values on a recurring basis.

 

Note 15. Related Party Transactions

Services Agreement

On September 15, 2017, the Company entered into a services agreement with Biglari Enterprises LLC and Biglari Capital (collectively, the “Biglari Entities”). The Biglari Entities are owned by Mr. Biglari. The services agreement replaces the shared services agreement between the Company and Biglari Capital dated July 1, 2013. The services agreement was executed in connection with a review of the relationships and transactions between the Company and Biglari Capital. After careful consideration, including an assessment by a public accounting firm of administrative-related costs incurred by the Company in connection with its investments, the Company’s Governance, Compensation and Nominating Committee, comprised solely of independent board members, approved the services agreement. Under the terms of the services agreement, the Company will no longer provide business and administrative related services to Biglari Capital. Instead, the Biglari Entities will assume the responsibility to provide the services and the Company will pay a fixed fee to the Biglari Entities.

 

The services agreement has a five-year term, effective on October 1, 2017. The fixed fee is $700 per month for the first year with adjustments in years two through five. The services agreement does not alter the hurdle rate connected with the incentive reallocation paid to Biglari Capital by the Company.

 

Investments in The Lion Fund, L.P. and The Lion Fund II, L.P.
As of June 30, 2018, the Company’s investments in The Lion Fund, L.P. and The Lion Fund II, L.P. had a fair value of $788,854.

15

 

Note 15. Related Party Transactions (continued)

 

Contributions to and distributions from The Lion Fund II, L.P. were as follows.

 

   Second Quarter  First Six Months
   2018  2017  2018  2017
             
 Contributions of cash   $—     $3,707   $—     $3,707 
 Distributions of cash    (2,500)   —      (7,700)   (5,015)
     $(2,500)  $3,707   $(7,700)  $(1,308)

 

As the general partner of the investment partnerships, Biglari Capital on December 31 of each year will earn an incentive reallocation fee for the Company’s investments equal to 25% of the net profits above a hurdle rate of 6% over the previous high water mark. Our policy is to accrue an estimated incentive fee throughout the year. The Company did not accrue incentive fees for Biglari Capital during the first six months of 2018 and 2017.

 

Incentive Agreement Amendment

During 2013, Biglari Holdings and Mr. Biglari entered into an amendment to the Incentive Agreement to exclude earnings by the investment partnerships from the calculation of Mr. Biglari’s incentive bonus. Under the Amended and Restated Incentive Agreement Mr. Biglari would receive a payment of approximately $13,000 if an event occurred entitling him to a severance payment.

 

License Agreement

On January 11, 2013, the Company entered into a Trademark License Agreement (the “License Agreement”) with Mr. Biglari. The License Agreement was unanimously approved by the Governance, Nominating and Compensation Committee (comprised of independent members of the Company’s Board of Directors). In addition, the license under the License Agreement is provided on a royalty-free basis in the absence of specified extraordinary events described below. Accordingly, the Company and its subsidiaries have paid no royalties to Mr. Biglari under the License Agreement since its inception.

 

Under the License Agreement, Mr. Biglari granted to the Company an exclusive license to use the Biglari and Biglari Holdings names (the “Licensed Marks”) in association with various products and services (collectively the “Products and Services”). Upon (a) the expiration of twenty years from the date of the License Agreement (subject to extension as provided in the License Agreement), (b) Mr. Biglari’s death, (c) the termination of Mr. Biglari’s employment by the Company for Cause (as defined in the License Agreement), or (d) Mr. Biglari’s resignation from his employment with the Company absent an Involuntary Termination Event (as defined in the License Agreement), the Licensed Marks for the Products and Services will transfer from Mr. Biglari to the Company, without any compensation, if the Company is continuing to use the Licensed Marks in the ordinary course of its business. Otherwise, the rights will revert to Mr. Biglari.

 

If (i) a Change of Control (as defined in the License Agreement) of the Company; (ii) the termination of Mr. Biglari’s employment by the Company without Cause; or (iii) Mr. Biglari’s resignation from his employment with the Company due to an Involuntary Termination Event (each, a “Triggering Event”) were to occur, Mr. Biglari would be entitled to receive a 2.5% royalty on “Revenues” with respect to the “Royalty Period.” The royalty payment to Mr. Biglari would not apply to all revenues received by Biglari Holdings and its subsidiaries nor would it apply retrospectively (i.e., to revenues received with respect to the period prior to the Triggering Event). The royalty would apply to revenues recorded by the Company on an accrual basis under GAAP, solely with respect to the defined period of time after the Triggering Event equal to the Royalty Period, from a covered Product, Service or business that (1) has used the Biglari Holdings or Biglari name at any time during the term of the License Agreement, whether prior to or after a Triggering Event, or (2) the Company has specifically identified, prior to a Triggering Event, will use the name Biglari or Biglari Holdings.

 

“Revenues” means all revenues received, on an accrual basis under GAAP, by the Company, its subsidiaries and affiliates from the following: (1) all Products and Services covered by the License Agreement bearing or associated with the names Biglari and Biglari Holdings at any time (whether prior to or after a Triggering Event). This category would include, without limitation, the use of Biglari or Biglari Holdings in the public name of a business providing any covered Product or Service; and (2) all covered Products, Services and businesses that the Company has specifically identified, prior to a Triggering Event, will bear, use or be associated with the name Biglari or Biglari Holdings.

 

16

 

Note 15. Related Party Transactions (continued)

 

The Governance, Nominating and Compensation Committee unanimously approved the association of the Biglari name and mark with all of Steak n Shake’s restaurants (including Company operated and franchised locations), products and brands. On May 14, 2013, the Company, Steak n Shake, LLC and Steak n Shake Enterprises, Inc. entered into a Trademark Sublicense Agreement in connection therewith. Accordingly, revenues received by the Company, its subsidiaries and affiliates from Steak n Shake’s restaurants, products and brands would come within the definition of Revenues for purposes of the License Agreement.

 

The “Royalty Period” is a defined period of time, after the Triggering Event, calculated as follows: (i) if, following three months after a Triggering Event, the Company or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates continues to use the Biglari or Biglari Holdings name in connection with any covered product or service, or continues to use Biglari as part of its corporate or public company name, then the Royalty Period will equal (a) the period of time during which the Company or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates continues any such use, plus (b) a period of time after the Company, its subsidiaries and affiliates have ceased all uses of the names Biglari and Biglari Holdings equal to the length of the term of the License Agreement prior to the Triggering Event, plus three years. As an example, if a Triggering Event occurs five years after the date of the License Agreement, and the Company ceases all uses of the Biglari and Biglari Holdings names two years after the Triggering Event, the Royalty Period will equal a total of ten years (the sum of two years after the Triggering Event during which the Biglari and Biglari Holdings names are being used, plus a period of time equal to the five years prior to the Triggering Event, plus three years); or (ii) if the Company, its subsidiaries and affiliates cease all uses of the Biglari and Biglari Holdings names within three months after a Triggering Event, then the Royalty Period will equal the length of the term of the License Agreement prior to the Triggering Event, plus three years. As an example, if a Triggering Event occurs five years after the date of the License Agreement, and the Company ceases all uses of the Biglari and Biglari Holdings names two months after the Triggering Event, the Royalty Period will equal a total of eight years (the sum of the period of time equal to the five years prior to the Triggering Event, plus three years). Notwithstanding the above methods of determining the Royalty Period, the minimum Royalty Period is five years after a Triggering Event.

 

The actual amount of royalties paid to Mr. Biglari following the occurrence of a Triggering Event (as defined in the License Agreement) would depend on the Company’s revenues during the applicable period following the Triggering Event, and, therefore, depends on material assumptions and estimates regarding future operations and revenues. Assuming for purposes of illustration a Triggering Event occurred on December 31, 2017, using revenue from 2017 as an estimate of future revenue and calculated according to terms of the License Agreement, Mr. Biglari would receive approximately $20,000 in royalty payments annually. At a minimum, the royalties would be earned on revenue generated from January 1, 2018 through December 21, 2024. Royalty payments beyond the minimum period would be subject to the licensee's continued use of the licensed marks.

 

Note 16. Business Segment Reporting

 

Our reportable business segments are organized in a manner that reflects how management views those business activities. Our restaurant operations includes Steak n Shake and Western. The Company also reports segment information for First Guard and Maxim. Other business activities not specifically identified with reportable business segments are presented in “other” within total operating businesses. We report our earnings from investment partnerships separate from our corporate expenses. We assess and measure segment operating results based on segment earnings as disclosed below. Segment earnings from operations are neither necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash requirements, nor synonymous with cash flow from operations. The tabular information that follows shows data of our reportable segments reconciled to amounts reflected in the consolidated financial statements.

 

Revenue for the second quarters and first six months of 2018 and 2017 were as follows.

 

   Revenue
   Second Quarter  First Six Months
   2018  2017  2018  2017
Operating Businesses:                    
Restaurant Operations:                    
Steak n Shake  $196,578   $201,335   $386,871   $394,025 
Western   4,016    3,532    7,657    6,536 
Total Restaurant Operations   200,594    204,867    394,528    400,561 
First Guard   6,745    6,183    13,292    12,263 
Maxim   1,400    1,904    3,144    3,523 
   $208,739   $212,954   $410,964   $416,347 

17

 

Note 16. Business Segment Reporting (continued)

 

Earnings (losses) before income taxes for the second quarters and first six months of 2018 and 2017 were as follows.

 

   Earnings (Losses) Before Income Taxes
   Second Quarter  First Six Months
   2018  2017  2018  2017
Operating Businesses:                    
Restaurant Operations:                    
Steak n Shake  $2,659   $969   $1,667   $4,321 
Western   674    585    1,048    1,035 
Total Restaurant Operations   3,333    1,554    2,715    5,356 
First Guard   2,301    1,332    2,811    2,301 
Maxim   16    (208)   (201)   (532)
Other   164    193    303    341 
Total Operating Businesses   5,814    2,871    5,628    7,466 
Corporate and Investments:                    
Corporate   (3,004)   (2,285)   (6,170)   (4,685)
Investment partnership gains (losses)   (8,341)   37,238    (4,846)   12,270 
Total Corporate and Investments   (11,345)   34,953    (11,016)   7,585 
Interest expense on notes payable and other borrowings   (2,898)   (2,781)   (5,652)   (5,605)
   $(8,429)  $35,043   $(11,040)  $9,446 

18

 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

(dollars in thousands except per share data)

 

Overview

 

Biglari Holdings is a holding company owning subsidiaries engaged in a number of diverse business activities, including media, property and casualty insurance, and restaurants. The Company’s largest operating subsidiaries are involved in the franchising and operating of restaurants. Biglari Holdings is founded and led by Sardar Biglari, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. The Company’s long-term objective is to maximize per-share intrinsic value. All major operating, investment, and capital allocation decisions are made for the Company and its subsidiaries by Mr. Biglari.

 

On March 5, 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with its predecessor registrant, now known as OBH Inc. (the “Predecessor”), and BH Merger Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Pursuant to the agreement, on April 30, 2018, BH Merger Company merged with and into the Predecessor, with the Predecessor continuing as the surviving corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Upon completion of the merger, the new Company replaced the Predecessor as the publicly held corporation through which our collection of businesses is conducted.

 

As a result of the April 30, 2018 transaction, the Company has two classes of common stock designated Class A common stock and Class B common stock. A share of Class B common stock has economic rights equivalent to 1/5th of a share of Class A common stock; however, Class B common stock has no voting rights. Upon completion of the transaction, every ten (10) shares of common stock outstanding on April 30, 2018 converted into (i) ten (10) shares of Class B common stock and (ii) one (1) share of Class A common stock.

 

Since May 1, 2018, the shares of the Company’s Class A common stock have traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the ticker symbol “BH.A,” whereas the Class B common stock trades on the NYSE under the ticker symbol “BH,” which is the former ticker symbol for the Predecessor’s common stock.

 

For accounting purposes, the April 30, 2018 transaction will be treated as a merger of entities under common control. Accordingly, the consolidated financial position and results of operations of the Predecessor will be included in the consolidated financial statements on the same basis as currently presented, except for earnings per share which is impacted by the issuance of the new common shares. The Company has applied the “two-class method” of computing earnings per share as prescribed in ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share.”

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Incentive Agreement with the Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Biglari purchased 4,084 shares of Class A common stock from June 5, 2018 through June 19, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, Mr. Biglari’s beneficial ownership was approximately 56.3% of the Company’s outstanding Class A common stock and 54.3% of the Company’s outstanding Class B common stock.

 

Net earnings (loss) attributable to Biglari Holdings shareholders are disaggregated in the table that follows. Amounts are recorded after deducting income taxes.

 

   Second Quarter  First Six Months
   2018  2017  2018  2017
Operating businesses:                    
Restaurant  $1,640   $694   $1,184   $3,191 
Insurance   1,810    866    2,204    1,492 
Media   13    (134)   (155)   (342)
Other   122    119    224    209 
Total operating businesses   3,585    1,545    3,457    4,550 
Corporate   (3,450)   (2,390)   (6,145)   (4,258)
Investment partnership gains (losses)   (5,877)   23,695    (2,802)   8,488 
Interest expense on notes payable and other borrowings   (1,797)   (1,724)   (3,863)   (3,475)
   $(7,539)  $21,126   $(9,353)  $5,305 

 

Our restaurant businesses include Steak n Shake Inc. (“Steak n Shake”) and Western Sizzlin Corporation (“Western”). As of June 30, 2018, Steak n Shake comprised 415 company-operated restaurants and 203 franchised units. Western comprised 4 company-operated restaurants and 57 franchised units.

19

 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

Our insurance business is composed of First Guard Insurance Company and its agency, 1st Guard Corporation (collectively “First Guard”). First Guard is a direct underwriter of commercial trucking insurance, selling physical damage and nontrucking liability insurance to truckers.

 

Our media business is composed of Maxim Inc. (“Maxim”). Maxim’s business lies principally in media and licensing.

 

Restaurants

 

Steak n Shake and Western comprise 679 company-operated and franchised restaurants as of June 30, 2018.

 

  Steak n Shake  Western Sizzlin   
   Company- operated  Franchised  Company-operated  Franchised  Total
Total stores as of December 31, 2017   415    200    4    58    677 
Net restaurants opened (closed)   —      3    —      (1)   2 
Total stores as of June 30, 2018   415    203    4    57    679 
                          
Total stores as of December 31, 2016   417    173    3    64    657 
Net restaurants opened (closed)   (1)   13    1    (3)   10 
Total stores as of June 30, 2017   416    186    4    61    667 

 

 

Earnings of our restaurant operations are summarized below.

 

   Second Quarter     First Six Months   
   2018     2017     2018     2017   
Revenue                        
Net sales  $191,797        $198,501        $377,368        $387,552      
Franchise royalties and fees   7,773         5,349         14,875         10,905      
Other revenue   1,024         1,017         2,285         2,104      
Total revenue   200,594         204,867         394,528         400,561      
                                         
Restaurant cost of sales                                        
Cost of food   57,117    29.8%   61,402    30.9%   113,045    30.0%   115,803    29.9%
Restaurant operating costs   98,853    51.5%   100,464    50.6%   196,668    52.1%   198,811    51.3%
Rent   4,589    2.4%   4,612    2.3%   9,196    2.4%   9,162    2.4%
Total cost of sales   160,559         166,478         318,909         323,776      
                                         
Selling, general and administrative                                        
General and administrative   16,877    8.4%   14,627    7.1%   31,964    8.1%   28,579    7.1%
Marketing   12,086    6.0%   13,276    6.5%   25,679    6.5%   25,711    6.4%
Other expenses   871    0.4%   1,407    0.7%   1,423    0.4%   2,085    0.5%
Total selling, general and administrative   29,834    14.9%   29,310    14.3%   59,066    15.0%   56,375    14.1%
                                         
Depreciation and amortization   4,717    2.4%   5,207    2.5%   9,501    2.4%   10,456    2.6%
                                         
Interest on obligations under leases   2,151         2,318         4,337         4,598      
                                         
Earnings before income taxes   3,333         1,554         2,715         5,356      
                                         
Income tax expense   1,693         860         1,531         2,165      
                                         
Contribution to net earnings  $1,640        $694        $1,184        $3,191      

 

Cost of food, restaurant operating costs and rent expense are expressed as a percentage of net sales.

General and administrative, marketing, other expenses and depreciation and amortization are expressed as a percentage of total revenue.

20

 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

Net sales during the second quarter and first six months of 2018 were $191,797 and $377,368, respectively, representing a decrease of $6,704 over the second quarter and $10,184 over the first six months of 2017. The decreased performance of our restaurant operations was largely driven by Steak n Shake’s same-store sales, which decreased 3.4% whereas customer traffic decreased 6.4% during the second quarter.  Steak n Shake’s same-store sales decreased 2.5% whereas customer traffic decreased 6.8% during the first six months. The term “same-store sales” refers to the sales of company-operated units open at least 18 months at the beginning of the current period and have remained open through the end of the period.

 

In the second quarter and first six months of 2018 franchise royalties and fees increased $2,424 or 45.3% and $3,970 or 36.4%, respectively, compared to those in 2017.  The adoption of the new accounting guidance increased franchise fees and royalties by $2,333 and $4,702 for the second quarter and first six months, respectively. The second quarter and first six months of 2017 included $401 and $1,388, respectively, in international decommitment fees. Steak n Shake opened seven franchise units and closed five franchise units during the second quarter of 2018. Western closed one franchise unit during the second quarter of 2018. There were 203 Steak n Shake franchise units as of June 30, 2018 compared to 186 franchise units as of June 30, 2017.

 

Cost of food in the second quarter and first six months of 2018 was $57,117 or 29.8% of net sales and $113,045 or 30.0% of net sales, respectively, compared to the second quarter and first six months in 2017 of $61,402 or 30.9% of net sales and $115,803 or 29.9% of net sales, respectively. The decrease as a percentage of net sales during the second quarter of 2018 was attributable to decreased commodities costs.

 

Restaurant operating costs during the second quarter of 2018 were $98,853 or 51.5% of net sales compared to $100,464 or 50.6% of net sales in 2017. Restaurant operating costs during the first six months of 2018 were $196,668 or 52.1% of net sales compared to $198,811 or 51.3% of net sales in 2017.  Costs as a percentage of net sales increased during the second quarter of 2018 by 0.9% compared to 2017. The increase as a percentage of net sales during the second quarter was principally due to higher repair expenses of 0.4% and higher wages and benefits of 0.3%.

 

General and administrative expenses during the second quarter and first six months of 2018 were $16,877 or 8.4% of total revenues and $31,964 or 8.1% of total revenues, respectively, compared to expenses in the second quarter and first six months of 2017, which were $14,627 or 7.1% of total revenues and $28,579 or 7.1% of total revenues, respectively.  General and administrative expenses during the second quarter of 2018 compared to 2017 was primarily due to higher legal and professional fees.

 

Marketing expenses during the second quarter and first six months of 2018 were $12,086 or 6.0% of total revenues and $25,679 or 6.5% of total revenues, respectively, compared to expenses in the second quarter and first six months of 2017, which were $13,276 or 6.5% of total revenues and $25,711 or 6.4% of total revenues, respectively.  Marketing expenses decreased principally by discontinued sponsorships. The decrease in marketing expenses was offset by the adoption of new accounting guidance.  New ASC 606 accounting guidance requires the Company to recognize franchise fees as revenue instead of recording an offset to marketing expense. The new guidance increased marketing expenses by $2,441 and $4,963 for the second quarter and first six months of 2018, respectively.

 

21

 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

Insurance

 

First Guard is a direct underwriter of commercial trucking insurance, selling physical damage and nontrucking liability insurance to truckers. Earnings of our insurance business are summarized below.

 

   Second Quarter  First Six Months
   2018  2017  2018  2017
Premiums written  $6,505   $6,031   $12,833   $11,938 
                     
Insurance losses   2,826    3,531    7,414    7,293 
Underwriting expenses   1,647    1,212    2,987    2,470 
Pre-tax underwriting gain   2,032    1,288    2,432    2,175 
Other income and expenses                    
Investment income and commissions   240    152    459    325 
Other expense   29   (108)   (80)   (199)
Total other income   269    44    379    126 
Earnings before income taxes   2,301    1,332    2,811    2,301 
Income tax expense   491    466    607    809 
Contribution to net earnings  $1,810   $866   $2,204   $1,492 

 

First Guard’s insurance products are marketed primarily through direct response methods via the Internet or by telephone.  First Guard’s cost-efficient direct response marketing methods enable it to be a low-cost trucking insurer.

 

Premiums written during the second quarter of 2018 were $6,505, an increase of $474 or 7.9% compared to 2017. Premiums written during the first six months of 2018 were $12,833, an increase of $895 or 7.5% compared to 2017. Pre-tax underwriting gain was $2,032 and $2,432 in the second quarter and first six months of 2018, respectively, compared to $1,288 and $2,175 in the second quarter and first six months of 2017, respectively.

 

Insurance premiums and other on the statement of earnings includes premiums written, investment income and commissions. In the preceding table, investment income and commissions are included in other income.

 

Media

 

Maxim’s business lies principally in media and licensing. Earnings of our media operations are summarized below.

 

   Second Quarter  First Six Months
   2018  2017  2018  2017
Revenue  $1,400   $1,904   $3,144   $3,523 
                     
Media cost of sales   980    1,741    2,497    3,234 
General and administrative expenses   398    358    834    795 
Depreciation and amortization   6    13    14    26 
Earnings (loss) before income taxes   16    (208)   (201)   (532)
Income tax expense (benefit)   3    (74)   (46)   (190)
Contribution to net earnings  $13   $(134)  $(155)  $(342)

 

We acquired Maxim in 2014 with the idea of transforming its business model. The magazine developed the Maxim brand, a franchise we are utilizing to generate nonmagazine revenue, notably through licensing, a cash-generating business related to consumer products, services, and events.

 

We have taken the risk on the belief that the probability for gain in value more than justifies the risk of loss.

22

 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

Investment Partnership Gains (Losses)

 

Earnings (loss) from our investments in partnerships are summarized below.

 

   Second Quarter  First Six Months
   2018  2017  2018  2017
Investment partnership gains (losses)  $(8,341)  $37,238   $(4,846)  $12,270 
Tax expense (benefit)   (2,464)   13,543    (2,044)   3,782 
Contribution to net earnings  $(5,877)  $23,695   $(2,802)  $8,488 

 

The volatility of the gains and losses during the various periods is attributable to changes in market values of investments held by the investment partnerships. The investments held by the investment partnerships are largely concentrated in the common stock of one investee, Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc.

 

The investment partnerships hold the Company’s common stock as investments. The Company’s pro-rata share of its common stock held by the investment partnerships is recorded as treasury stock even though these shares are legally outstanding. Gains and losses on Company common stock included in the earnings of the partnerships are eliminated.

 

Interest Expense

 

The Company’s interest expense is summarized below.

 

   Second Quarter  First Six Months
   2018  2017  2018  2017
Interest expense on notes payable and other borrowings  $2,898   $2,781   $5,652   $5,605 
Tax benefit   1,101    1,057    1,789    2,130 
Interest expense net of tax  $1,797   $1,724   $3,863   $3,475 

 

The outstanding balance on Steak n Shake’s credit facility on June 30, 2018 was $184,798 compared to $186,998 on June 30, 2017. The interest rate was 5.85% as of June 30, 2018 and 4.80% as of June 30, 2017.

 

Corporate

 

Corporate expenses exclude the activities in the restaurant, insurance, media and other companies. Corporate net losses during the second quarter and first six months of 2018 were $3,450 and $6,145 respectively, versus net losses of $2,390 and $4,258 during the second quarter and first six months of 2017, respectively. Legal and professional expenses associated with shareholder lawsuits and the implementation of dual class stock increased expenses during 2018 as compared to 2017.

 

Income Tax Expense

 

Income tax benefit for the second quarter of 2018 was $890 compared to an income tax expense of $13,917 for the second quarter of 2017. Income tax benefit for the first six months of 2018 was $1,687 compared to an income tax expense of $4,141 for the first six months of 2017. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was signed into law on December 22, 2017. The U.S. corporate federal statutory income tax rate was reduced from 35.0% to 21.0% for tax years beginning in 2018. The variance in income taxes between 2018 and 2017 is attributable to the reduced corporate tax rate and taxes on income and losses generated by the investment partnerships.

23

 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

Financial Condition

 

Our consolidated shareholders’ equity on June 30, 2018 was $542,730, a decrease of $28,598 compared to the December 31, 2017 balance. The decrease during the first six months of 2018 was primarily attributable to an increase in treasury stock for our proportionate interest in 45,302 shares of the Company’s stock purchased during 2018 by The Lion Fund II, L.P. under a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. The shares purchased by the investment partnership are legally outstanding but under accounting convention the Company’s proportional ownership of the shares is reflected as treasury shares in the consolidated financial statements.

 

Consolidated cash and investments are summarized below.

 

   June 30,
2018
  December 31, 2017
Cash and cash equivalents  $48,411   $58,577 
Investments   28,811    27,752 
Fair value of interest in investment partnerships   788,854    925,279 
Total cash and investments   866,076    1,011,608 
Less portion of Company stock held by investment partnerships   (254,060)   (359,258)
Carrying value of cash and investments on balance sheet  $612,016   $652,350 

 

Liquidity

Our balance sheet continues to maintain significant liquidity. Consolidated cash flow activities are summarized below.

 

   First Six Months
   2018  2017
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities  $(465)  $16,376 
Net cash used in investing activities   (5,714)   (8,746)
Net cash used in financing activities   (3,932)   (18,869)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash   (55)   100 
Decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash  $(10,166)  $(11,139)

 

Cash used in operating activities was $465 during the first six months of 2018 compared to cash provided by operating activities of $16,376 during the first six months of 2017. Net earnings adjusted for non-cash items decreased by $5,441 because of lower revenues and earnings. Cash used in working capital accounts increased $14,085 primarily due to the timing of the 2017 incentive fee payment of $7,353.

 

Net cash used in investing activities during the first six months of 2018 of $5,714 was primarily due to capital expenditures of $7,218 offset by proceeds from property and equipment disposals of $2,476. Net cash used in investing activities during the first six months of 2017 of $8,746 was primarily due to capital expenditures of $4,779 and investments in investment partnerships of $3,707.

 

During the first six months of 2018 and 2017 we incurred debt payments of $3,981 and $18,899, respectively. Debt obligations were reduced during 2017 because of additional principal payments on long-term debt.

 

We intend to meet the working capital needs of our operating subsidiaries principally through anticipated cash flows generated from operations, cash on hand, existing credit facilities, and the sale of excess properties and investments. We continually review available financing alternatives.

 

Steak n Shake Credit Facility

On March 19, 2014, Steak n Shake and its subsidiaries entered into a credit agreement which provided for a senior secured term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of $220,000 and a senior secured revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $30,000. On October 27, 2017, Steak n Shake determined to end the use of its senior secured revolving credit facility. In 2017, Steak n Shake deposited $8,628 to satisfy required collateral for casualty insurance previously collateralized by letters of credit issued through the revolving credit facility. The deposits are recorded in other assets as restricted cash in the consolidated balance sheets.

24

 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

 

The term loan is scheduled to mature on March 19, 2021. It amortizes at an annual rate of 1.0% in equal quarterly installments, beginning June 30, 2014, at 0.25% of the original principal amount of the term loan, subject to mandatory prepayments from excess cash flow, asset sales and other events described in the credit agreement. The balance will be due at maturity.

 

Steak n Shake has the right to request an incremental term loan facility from participating lenders and/or eligible assignees at any time, up to an aggregate total principal amount not to exceed $70,000 if certain customary conditions within the credit agreement are met.

 

The interest rate on the term loan was 5.85% as of June 30, 2018.

 

The credit agreement includes customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. As of June 30, 2018, we were in compliance with all covenants. Steak n Shake’s credit facility contains restrictions on its ability to pay dividends to Biglari Holdings.

 

The term loan is secured by first priority security interests in substantially all the assets of Steak n Shake. Biglari Holdings is not a guarantor under the credit facility. As of June 30, 2018, $184,798 was outstanding under the term loan.

 

Western Revolver

As of June 30, 2018, Western had $43 due June 13, 2019. The revolver balance was paid in full on July 18, 2018.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Certain accounting policies require management to make estimates and judgments concerning transactions that will be settled several years in the future. Amounts recognized in our consolidated financial statements from such estimates are necessarily based on numerous assumptions involving varying and potentially significant degrees of judgment and uncertainty. Accordingly, the amounts currently reflected in our consolidated financial statements will likely increase or decrease in the future as additional information becomes available. There have been no material changes to critical accounting policies previously disclosed in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

For detailed information regarding recently issued accounting pronouncements and the expected impact on our consolidated financial statements, see Note 2, “New Accounting Standards” in the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

 

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This report includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In general, forward-looking statements include estimates of future revenues, cash flows, capital expenditures, or other financial items, and assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Forward-looking statements reflect management’s current expectations regarding future events and use words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “may,” and other similar terminology. A forward-looking statement is neither a prediction nor a guarantee of future events or circumstances, and those future events or circumstances may not occur. Investors should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. These forward-looking statements are all based on currently available operating, financial, and competitive information and are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Our actual future results and trends may differ materially depending on a variety of factors, many beyond our control, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties described in Item 1A, Risk Factors of our annual report on Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise them, except as may be required by law.

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ITEM 3.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

The majority of our investments are conducted through investment partnerships which generally hold common stocks. We also hold marketable securities directly. Through investments in the investment partnerships we hold a concentrated position in the common stock of Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc. A significant decline in the general stock market or in the prices of major investments may produce a large net loss and decrease in our consolidated shareholders’ equity. Decreases in values of equity investments can have a materially adverse effect on our earnings and on consolidated shareholders’ equity.

 

We prefer to hold equity investments for very long periods of time so we are not troubled by short-term price volatility with respect to our investments. Our interests in the investment partnerships are committed on a rolling 5-year basis, and any distributions upon our withdrawal of funds will be paid out over two years (and may be paid in kind rather than in cash). Market prices for equity securities are subject to fluctuation. Consequently the amount realized in the subsequent sale of an investment may significantly differ from the reported market value. A hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in the market price of our investments would result in a respective increase or decrease in the carrying value of our investments of $56,361 along with a corresponding change in shareholders’ equity of approximately 8%.

 

Borrowings on Steak n Shake’s credit facility bear interest at a rate per annum equal to a base rate or a Eurodollar rate (minimum of 1%) plus an applicable margin. Interest on the term loan is based on a Eurodollar rate plus an applicable margin of 3.75% or on the prime rate plus an applicable margin of 2.75%. Interest on loans under the revolver is based on a Eurodollar rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 2.75% to 4.25% or on the prime rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.75% to 3.25%. At June 30, 2018, a hypothetical 100 basis point increase in short-term interest rates would have an impact of approximately $1,400 on our net earnings.

 

We have had minimal exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations in the first six months of 2018 and 2017.

 

ITEM 4.

 

Controls and Procedures

 

Based on an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)), our Chief Executive Officer and Controller have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2018.

 

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2018 that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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Part II Other Information

 

Item 1.

 

lEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

Information in response to this Item is included in Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1 Item 1 of this Form 10-Q and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 1A.

 

Risk Factors

 

There have been no material changes from the risk factors as previously disclosed in Item 1A to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 or otherwise subsequently disclosed in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2018.

 

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Pursuant to the requirements of the Incentive Agreement with the Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Biglari purchased a total of 4,084 shares of Class A common stock from June 5, 2018 through June 19, 2018, including 1,084 shares under a rule 10b5-1 purchase plan.  All of the purchases were made in the open market.

 

   Total Number of Shares Purchased  Average Price Paid per Share  Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs  Maximum Number of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under Plans or Programs
             
 April 1, 2018 – April 30, 2018    —           —      —   
 May 1, 2018 – May 31, 2018    —           —      —   
 June 1, 2018 – June 30, 2018    4,084   $979.65    1,084    —   
 Total    4,084         1,084      

 

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

 

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

 

Item 5. Other Information

None.

 

Item 6. Exhibits

 

Exhibit Number   Description
     
31.01   Certification Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
31.02   Certification Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
32.01*   Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
101   Interactive Data Files.

_________________

* Furnished herewith.

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

         
Date:  August 3, 2018        
   
    Biglari Holdings inc.
         
    By:   /s/ Bruce Lewis
        Bruce Lewis
Controller
           

 

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