UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018

OR

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission file number: 1-13445

Capital Senior Living Corporation

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

(972) 770-5600

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

NONE

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.     Yes   ☒     No   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).     Yes   ☒     No   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by a check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

As of July 27, 2018, the Registrant had 31,176,409 outstanding shares of its Common Stock, $0.01 par value, per share.

CAPITAL SENIOR LIVING CORPORATION

INDEX

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Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

CAPITAL SENIOR LIVING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(unaudited, in thousands, except per share data)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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CAPITAL SENIOR LIVING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(unaudited, in thousands, except per share data)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

4

CAPITAL SENIOR LIVING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited, in thousands)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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CAPITAL SENIOR LIVING CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2018

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Capital Senior Living Corporation, a Delaware corporation (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”), is one of the largest operators of senior housing communities in the United States in terms of resident capacity. The Company owns, operates, and manages senior housing communities throughout the United States. As of June 30, 2018, the Company operated 129 senior housing communities in 23 states with an aggregate capacity of approximately 16,500 residents, including 83 senior housing communities that the Company owned and 46 senior housing communities that the Company leased. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Capital Senior Living Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet, as of December 31, 2017, has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2017, and the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements, as of and for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have not been included pursuant to those rules and regulations. For further information, refer to the financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2017, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 2, 2018.

In the opinion of the Company, the accompanying consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (all of which were normal recurring accruals) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of June 30, 2018, results of operations for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, and cash flows for the six month periods ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. The results of operations for the three and six month period ended June 30, 2018, are not necessarily indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2018.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of acquisition to be cash equivalents. The Company has deposits in banks that exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits. Management believes that credit risk related to these deposits is minimal. Restricted cash consists of deposits required by certain lenders as collateral pursuant to letters of credit. The deposits must remain so long as the letters of credit are outstanding which are subject to renewal annually.

The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash (in thousands):

Revenue Recognition

Resident revenue consists of fees for basic housing and certain support services and fees associated with additional housing and expanded support requirements such as assisted living care, memory care, and ancillary services. Basic housing and certain support services revenue is recorded when services are rendered and amounts billed are due from residents in the period in which the rental and other services are provided which totaled approximately $112.7 million and $225.4 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and $114.5 million and $228.1 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017. Residency agreements are generally short term in nature with durations of one year or less and are typically terminable by either party, under certain circumstances, upon providing 30 days’ notice, unless state law provides otherwise, with resident fees billed monthly in advance. At each of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had contract liabilities for deferred resident fees paid by our residents prior to the month housing and support services were to be provided totaling approximately $3.9 million which were recognized into revenue during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018. The Company had contract liabilities for deferred resident fees totaling approximately $3.8 million and $3.9 million, respectively, which are included as a component of deferred income within current liabilities of the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Revenue for certain ancillary services is recognized as services are provided, and includes fees for services such as medication management, daily living activities,

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beautician/barber, laundry, television, guest meals, pets, and parking which are generally billed monthly in arrears and totaled approximately $1.2 million and 2.4 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, and $1.3 million and $2.6 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, as a component of resident revenue within the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

The Company's senior housing communities have residency agreements which generally require the resident to pay a community fee prior to moving into the community and are recorded initially by the Company as deferred revenue. At each of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had contract liabilities for deferred community fees totaling approximately $1.3 million, which are included as a component of deferred income within current liabilities of the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company recognized community fees as a component of resident revenue within the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss of approximately $0.7 million and $1.4 million, respectively, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, and $1.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017.

Lease Accounting

The Company determines whether to account for its leases as operating, capital or financing leases depending on the underlying terms of each lease agreement. This determination of classification is complex and requires significant judgment relating to certain information including the estimated fair value and remaining economic life of the community, the Company’s cost of funds, minimum lease payments and other lease terms. As of June 30, 2018, the Company leased 46 senior housing communities, 44 of which the Company classified as operating leases and two of which the Company classified as capital lease and financing obligations. The Company incurs lease acquisition costs and amortizes these costs over the term of the respective lease agreement. Certain leases entered into by the Company qualified as sale/leaseback transactions, and as such, any related gains have been deferred and are being amortized over the respective lease term. Facility lease expense in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss includes rent expense plus amortization expense relating to leasehold acquisition costs offset by the amortization of deferred gains and lease incentives. There are various financial covenants and other restrictions in the Company’s lease agreements. The Company was in compliance with all of its lease covenants at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Credit Risk and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company’s resident receivables are generally due within 30 days from the date billed. Accounts receivable are reported net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $5.8 million and $4.9 million at June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, respectively, and represent the Company’s estimate of the amount that ultimately will be collected. The adequacy of the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts is reviewed on an ongoing basis, using historical payment trends, write-off experience, analyses of receivable portfolios by payor source and aging of receivables, as well as a review of specific accounts, and adjustments are made to the allowance as necessary. Credit losses on resident receivables have historically been within management’s estimates, and management believes that the allowance for doubtful accounts adequately provides for expected losses.

Employee Health and Dental Benefits, Workers’ Compensation, and Insurance Reserves

The Company offers certain full-time employees an option to participate in its health and dental plans. The Company is self-insured up to certain limits and is insured if claims in excess of these limits are incurred. The cost of employee health and dental benefits, net of employee contributions, is shared between the corporate office and the senior housing communities based on the respective number of plan participants. Funds collected are used to pay the actual program costs including estimated annual claims, third-party administrative fees, network provider fees, communication costs, and other related administrative costs incurred by the plans. Claims are paid as they are submitted to the Company’s third-party administrator. The Company records a liability for outstanding claims and claims that have been incurred but not yet reported. This liability is based on the historical claim reporting lag and payment trends of health insurance claims. Management believes that the liability for outstanding losses and expenses is adequate to cover the ultimate cost of losses and expenses incurred at June 30, 2018; however, actual claims and expenses may differ. Any subsequent changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they are determined.

The Company uses a combination of insurance and self-insurance for workers’ compensation. Determining the reserve for workers’ compensation losses and costs that the Company has incurred as of the end of a reporting period involves significant judgments based on projected future events including potential settlements for pending claims, known incidents which may result in claims, estimates of incurred but not yet reported claims, changes in insurance premiums, estimated litigation costs and other factors. The Company regularly adjusts these estimates to reflect changes in the foregoing factors. However, since this reserve is based on estimates, the actual expenses incurred may differ from the amounts reserved. Any subsequent changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they are determined.

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Income Taxes

Income taxes are computed using the asset and liability method and current income taxes are recorded based on amounts refundable or payable in the current year. The effective tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 differ from the statutory tax rates due to state income taxes, permanent tax differences, and changes in the deferred tax asset valuation allowance. The Company is impacted by the Texas Margin Tax (“TMT”), which effectively imposes tax on modified gross revenues for communities within the State of Texas. During each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company consolidated 38 Texas communities, and the TMT increased the overall provision for income taxes.

Deferred income taxes are recorded based on the estimated future tax effects of loss carryforwards and temporary differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which we expect those carryforwards and temporary differences to be recovered or settled. Management regularly evaluates the future realization of deferred tax assets and provides a valuation allowance, if considered necessary, based on such evaluation. As part of the evaluation, management has evaluated taxable income in carryback years, future reversals of taxable temporary differences, feasible tax planning strategies, and future expectations of income. Based upon this analysis, an adjustment to the valuation allowance of $2.1 million and $3.0 million was recorded during the second quarters of fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively. Cumulative adjustments to the valuation allowance for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were $3.5 million and $16.1 million, respectively. The valuation allowance reduces the Company’s net deferred tax assets to the amount that is “more likely than not” (i.e., a greater than 50% likelihood) to be realized and resulted in net reductions of $40.3 million and $36.7 million to the Company’s deferred tax assets at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. However, in the event that we were to determine that it would be more likely than not that the Company would realize the benefit of deferred tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amounts, adjustments to deferred tax assets would increase net income in the period such determination was made. The benefits of the net deferred tax assets might not be realized if actual results differ from expectations.

The Company completed an analysis determining its best estimate for provisional tax adjustments based on the revised tax legislation associated with the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”), which was enacted on December 22, 2017. Additionally, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 (“SAB 118”), to address the accounting and reporting of the TCJA. SAB 118 allows companies to take a reasonable period, which should not extend beyond one year from enactment of the TCJA, to measure and recognize the effects of the new tax law. The Company is continuing to analyze certain aspects of the TCJA and refine its tax calculations and estimates, which could potentially affect the measurement of these balances or potentially give rise to new deferred tax amounts.

The Company evaluates uncertain tax positions through consideration of accounting and reporting guidance on criteria, measurement, derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition that is intended to provide better financial statement comparability among different companies. The Company is required to recognize a tax benefit in its financial statements for an uncertain tax position only if management’s assessment is that such position is “more likely than not” to be upheld on audit based only on the technical merits of the tax position. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as interest expense and penalties as income tax expense. The Company is generally no longer subject to federal and state income tax audits for tax years prior to 2014.

Net Loss Per Share

Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Potentially dilutive securities consist of unvested restricted shares and shares that could be issued under outstanding stock options. Potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the computation of net loss per common share if their effect is antidilutive.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except for per share amounts):

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Awards of unvested restricted stock representing approximately 1,313,000 and 846,000 shares were outstanding for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and awards of unvested restricted stock representing approximately 1,325,000 and 848,000 shares were outstanding for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and were antidilutive.

Treasury Stock

The Company accounts for treasury stock under the cost method and includes treasury stock as a component of stockholders’ equity. All shares acquired by the Company have been purchased in open-market transactions. There were no repurchases of the Company’s common stock during the six months ended June 30, 2018 or fiscal 2017.

Recently Issued Accounting Guidance

In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-01, Business Combinations – Clarifying the Definition of a Business. ASU 2017-01 provides guidance in accounting for business combinations when determining if the transaction represents acquisitions or disposals of assets or of a business. Under ASU 2017-01, when determining whether an integrated set of assets and activities constitutes a business, entities must compare the fair value of gross assets acquired to the fair value of a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets. If substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in the single identifiable assets or group of similar identifiable assets, the integrated set of assets and activities is not characterized as a business. ASU 2017-01 is applied prospectively and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2017-01 on January 1, 2018 and beginning from the date of adoption will apply the accounting guidance provided to the Company’s acquisition activities. Management expects the adoption to require the accounting for acquisitions of senior housing communities to be reflected as acquisitions of assets rather than as a business combination; however, management does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-01 to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force). ASU 2016-18 requires an entity to include in its cash and cash-equivalent balances in the statement of cash flows those amounts that are deemed to be restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. ASU 2016-18 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and should be applied on a retrospective basis. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2016-18 on January 1, 2018 and the adoption resulted in the Company no longer reporting changes in restricted cash balances in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows within net cash flows (used in) provided by financing activities which did not have a material impact on the Company’s cash flows.  

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. ASU 2016-15 amends the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 230, which often requires judgment to determine the appropriate classification of cash flows as operating, investing or financing activities and has resulted in diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are classified. ASU 2016-15 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and should be applied on a retrospective basis. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2016-15 on January 1, 2018 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s cash flows.

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In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. ASU 2016-02 amends the existing accounting standards for lease accounting, including requiring lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets and making targeted changes to lessor accounting. ASU 2016-02 will be effective beginning in 2019. Early adoption of ASU 2016-02 as of its issuance is permitted. The new lease standard requires a modified retrospective transition approach for all leases existing at, or entered into after, the date of initial application, with an option to use certain transition relief. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new lease standard on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Currently, we expect the adoption of ASU 2016-02 will have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet due to the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities principally for certain leases currently accounted for as operating leases.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). ASU 2014-09 affects any entity that either enters into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enters into contracts for the transfer of nonfinancial assets. Under ASU 2014-09, an entity will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects what it expects in exchange for the goods or services. ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2014-09 on January 1, 2018 under the modified retrospective approach. Under the modified retrospective approach, the guidance is applied to the most current period presented, recognizing the cumulative effect of the adoption to beginning retained earnings. The Company has determined that the adoption of ASU 2014-09 did not result in an adjustment to beginning retained earnings and did not result in significant changes to the amount and/or timing of revenue reported within the Company’s consolidated financial statements; however, ASU 2014-09 requires enhanced disclosures related to the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue arrangements. Additionally, our contracts with residents are generally short term in nature and revenue is recognized when services are provided; as such, ASU 2014-09 provides an entity need not disclose information related to performance obligations when the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to current period presentation.

3. ACQUISITIONS

Fiscal 2017

Effective January 31, 2017 (the “Closing Date”), the Company acquired the underlying real estate through an asset acquisition associated with four of the senior housing communities previously leased from Ventas, Inc. (“Ventas”) for an acquisition price of $85.0 million (the “Four Property Lease Transaction”). The Company obtained interest only, bridge financing from Berkadia Commercial Mortgage LLC (“Berkadia”) for $65.0 million of the acquisition price with an initial variable interest rate of LIBOR plus 4.0% and a 36-month term, with the balance of the acquisition price paid from the Company’s existing cash resources. Additionally, the Company agreed to continue paying $2.3 million of the annual rents associated with the four communities acquired over the remaining lease term of the seven communities remaining in the Ventas lease portfolio. As such, the total additional lease payments to be paid over the remaining lease term were discounted back to the Closing Date utilizing a credit-adjusted risk-free rate to determine the fair value of the lease termination financing obligation of $16.0 million. The fair value of the four communities acquired was determined to approximate $88.1 million. The fair values of the property, plant, and equipment of the acquired communities were determined utilizing a direct capitalization method considering facility net operating income and market capitalization rates. These fair value measurements were based on current market conditions as of the acquisition date and are considered Level 3 measurements (fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs) within the fair value hierarchy of ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurement. The range of capitalization rates utilized was 7.25% to 8.50%, depending upon the property type, geographical location, and overall quality of each respective community. The acquisition price of $85.0 million and lease termination obligation of $16.0 million resulted in total aggregate consideration by the Company for the acquisition of the four communities of $101.0 million. The Company recorded the difference between the total aggregate consideration ($101.0 million) and the estimated fair value of the four communities acquired ($88.1 million) of $12.9 million as a loss on facility lease termination during the first quarter of fiscal 2017. Additionally, the Company incurred approximately $0.4 million in transaction costs related to this acquisition which have been capitalized as a component of the cost of the assets acquired.

As a result of this acquisition, the Company recorded additions to property and equipment of approximately $88.1 million within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets which will be depreciated or amortized over the estimated useful lives.

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4. DEBT TRANSACTIONS

Effective June 29, 2018, the Company extended its mortgage loan with Berkadia Commercial Mortgage LLC (“Berkadia”) on one of its senior living communities located in Canton, Ohio. The maturity date was extended to October 10, 2021 with an initial variable interest rate of LIBOR plus 5.0% with principal amortized over 25 years. In conjunction with the extension, the Company incurred an extension fee of approximately $41,500 which will be amortized over the new loan term.    

Effective May 31, 2018, the Company renewed certain insurance policies and entered into a finance agreement totaling approximately $1.7 million. The finance agreement has a fixed interest rate of 3.64% with the principal being repaid over an 11-month term.

The Company previously issued standby letters of credit with Wells Fargo Bank (“Wells Fargo”), totaling approximately $3.9 million, for the benefit of Hartford Financial Services (“Hartford”) in connection with the administration of workers’ compensation.

The Company previously issued standby letters of credit with JP Morgan Chase Bank (“Chase”), totaling approximately $6.7 million, for the benefit of Welltower, Inc. (“Welltower”), in connection with certain leases between Welltower and the Company.

The Company previously issued standby letters of credit with Chase, totaling approximately $2.9 million, for the benefit of HCP, Inc. (“HCP”) in connection with certain leases between HCP and the Company.

The senior housing communities owned by the Company and encumbered by mortgage debt are provided as collateral under their respective loan agreements. At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, these communities carried a total net book value of approximately $984.8 million and $1.0 billion, respectively, with total mortgage loans outstanding, excluding deferred loan costs, of approximately $954.6 million and $963.1 million, respectively.

In connection with the Company’s loan commitments described above, the Company incurred financing charges that were deferred and amortized over the terms of the respective notes. At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had gross deferred loan costs of approximately $14.1 million and $14.0 million, respectively. Accumulated amortization was approximately $5.5 million and $4.6 million at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The Company was in compliance with all aspects of its outstanding indebtedness at June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017.

5. EQUITY

Preferred Stock

The Company is authorized to issue preferred stock in series and to fix and state the voting powers and such designations, preferences and relative participating, optional or other special rights of the shares of each such series and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof. Such action may be taken by the Company’s board of directors without stockholder approval. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of common stock are subject to the rights of the holders of preferred stock. No preferred stock was outstanding as of June 30, 2018 or December 31, 2017.

Share Repurchases

On January 22, 2009, the Company’s board of directors approved a share repurchase program that authorized the Company to purchase up to $10.0 million of the Company’s common stock. Purchases may be made from time to time using a variety of methods, which may include open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or block trades, or by any combination of such methods, in accordance with applicable insider trading and other securities laws and regulations. The size, scope and timing of any purchases will be based on business, market and other conditions and factors, including price, regulatory and contractual requirements or consents, and capital availability. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of common stock and the share repurchase authorization has no stated expiration date. Shares of stock repurchased under the program will be held as treasury shares. Pursuant to this authorization, during fiscal 2009, the Company purchased 349,800 shares at an average cost of $2.67 per share for a total cost to the Company of approximately $0.9 million. On January 14, 2016, the Company announced that its board of directors approved a continuation of the share repurchase program. Pursuant to this authorization, during the first quarter of fiscal 2016, the Company purchased 144,315 shares of its common stock at an average cost of $17.29 per share for a total cost to the Company of approximately $2.5 million. All such purchases were made in open market transactions. The Company has not purchased any additional shares of its common stock pursuant to the Company’s share repurchase program during fiscal 2018.

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6. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The Company recognizes compensation expense for share-based stock awards to certain employees and directors, including grants of employee stock options and awards of restricted stock, in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss based on their fair values.

On May 8, 2007, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2007 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for Capital Senior Living Corporation (as amended, the “2007 Plan”), which provides for, among other things, the grant of restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and stock options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. The 2007 Plan authorizes the Company to issue up to 4.6 million shares of common stock and the Company has reserved shares of common stock for future issuance pursuant to awards under the 2007 Plan. Effective May 8, 2007, the 1997 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan (as amended, the “1997 Plan”) was terminated and no additional shares will be granted under the 1997 Plan.

Stock Options

Although the Company has not granted stock options in recent years, the Company’s stock option program is a long-term retention program that is intended to attract, retain and provide incentives for employees, officers and directors and to more closely align stockholder interests with those of our employees and directors. The Company’s stock options generally vest over a period of one to five years and the related expense is amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. No stock options were outstanding at June 30, 2018.

Restricted Stock

The Company may grant restricted stock awards and units to employees, officers, and directors in order to attract, retain, and provide incentives for such individuals and to more closely align stockholder and employee interests. For restricted stock awards and units without performance and market-based vesting conditions, the Company records compensation expense for the entire award on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally a period of one to four years, unless the award is subject to certain accelerated vesting requirements. Restricted stock awards are considered outstanding at the time of grant since the holders thereof are entitled to dividends, upon vesting, and voting rights. For restricted stock awards with performance and market-based vesting conditions, total compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period for each separately vesting tranche of the award as if the award is, in substance, multiple awards once the performance target is deemed probable of achievement. Performance goals are evaluated periodically, and if such goals are not ultimately met or it is not probable the goals will be achieved, no compensation expense is recognized and any previously recognized compensation expense is reversed for performance-based awards.

The Company recognizes compensation expense of a restricted stock award over its respective vesting or performance period based on the fair value of the award on the grant date, net of actual forfeitures. A summary of the Company’s restricted stock awards activity and related information for the six month period ended June 30, 2018 is presented below:

The restricted stock outstanding at June 30, 2018 had an intrinsic value of approximately $14.0 million.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company awarded 708,694 shares of restricted common stock to certain employees and directors of the Company, of which 237,840 shares were subject to performance and market-based vesting conditions. The average market value of the common stock on the date of grant was $11.33. These awards of restricted stock vest over a one to four-year period and had an intrinsic value of approximately $8.0 million on the date of grant. Additionally, during the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company awarded 67,356 restricted stock units to certain directors of the Company with an average market value of $10.69 on the date of grant. These awards of restricted stock units vest over a one-year period and had an intrinsic value of approximately $0.7 million on the date of grant.

Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense is $12.8 million as of June 30, 2018. If all awards granted are earned, the Company expects this expense to be recognized over a one to three-year period for performance and market-based stock awards and a one to four-year period for nonperformance-based stock awards and units.

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7. CONTINGENCIES

The Company has claims incurred in the normal course of its business. Most of these claims are believed by management to be covered by insurance, subject to normal reservations of rights by the insurance companies and possibly subject to certain exclusions in the applicable insurance policies. Whether or not covered by insurance, these claims, in the opinion of management, based on advice of legal counsel, should not have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements of the Company if determined adversely to the Company.

The Company had two of its senior housing communities located in southeast Texas impacted by Hurricane Harvey during the third quarter of fiscal 2017. During the second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2018, both of these communities remained fully vacated and were undergoing repairs but have now reopened and began accepting residents in July 2018. We maintain insurance coverage on these communities which includes damage caused by flooding. The insurance claim for this incident required a deductible of $100,000 that was expensed as a component of operating expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss in the third quarter of fiscal 2017. Through June 30, 2018, we have incurred approximately $5.7 million in clean-up and physical repair costs and we expect to incur additional repair costs which we believe are probable of being recovered through insurance proceeds. In addition to the repairs of physical damage to the buildings, the Company’s insurance coverage includes loss of business income (“Business Interruption”). Business Interruption includes reimbursement for lost revenue as well as incremental expenses incurred as a result of the hurricane. The Company received payments from our insurance underwriters totaling approximately $2.1 million and $4.1 million, respectively, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, of which approximately $1.6 million and $3.1 million, respectively, related to Business Interruption and has been included as a reduction to operating expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. Based upon our assessments of the physical damages and insurance coverage, the Company currently estimates insurance proceeds will be sufficient to reimburse the Company for all damages and repair costs to fully restore the communities to their condition prior to the incident.  

In July 2018, the Company received notifications from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) pursuant to the Affordable Care Act (“ACA”) that the Company may be liable for an Employer Shared Responsibility Payment (“ESRP”) in the amount of approximately $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. The ESRP is applicable to employers that had 50 or more full-time equivalent employees, did not offer minimum essential coverage (“MEC”) to at least 70% of full-time employees and their dependents, or did offer MEC to at least 70% of full-time employees and their dependents which did not meet the affordable or minimum value criteria and had one or more full-time employees certified as being allowed the premium tax credit (“PTC”).The IRS determines the amount of the proposed ESRP from information returns completed by employers and from income tax returns completed by employees. Based upon the Company’s initial review of the notifications provided by the IRS, the Company has preliminarily concluded it would be liable for approximately $0.2 million of the ESRP assessments which has been accrued within employee benefit reserves as of June 30, 2018. The Company has 30 days from receipt of the notifications from the IRS to respond and provide information to appeal the ESRP assessments.                  

8. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The carrying amounts and fair values of financial instruments at June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, are as follows (in thousands):

The following methods and assumptions were used in estimating the Company’s fair value disclosures for financial instruments:

Cash and cash equivalents and Restricted cash: The carrying amounts reported in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets for cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash approximate fair value, which represent level 1 inputs as defined in the accounting standards codification.

Notes payable: The fair value of notes payable is estimated using discounted cash flow analysis, based on current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements, which represent level 2 inputs as defined in the accounting standards codification.

The estimated fair value of these assets and liabilities could be affected by market changes and this effect could be material.

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

Certain information contained in this report constitutes “Forward-Looking Statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “would,” “intend,” “could,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate” or “continue” or the negative thereof or other variations thereon or comparable terminology. The Company cautions readers that forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, those relating to the Company’s future business prospects, revenues, working capital, liquidity, capital needs, interest costs, and income, are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements, due to several important factors herein identified. These factors include the Company’s ability to find suitable acquisition properties at favorable terms, financing, licensing, business conditions, risks of downturn in economic conditions generally, satisfaction of closing conditions such as those pertaining to licensure, availability of insurance at commercially reasonable rates, and changes in accounting principles and interpretations, among others, and other risks and factors identified from time to time in the Company’s reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

Overview

The following discussion and analysis addresses (i) the Company’s results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, and (ii) liquidity and capital resources of the Company, and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this report and the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

The Company is one of the largest operators of senior housing communities in the United States. The Company’s operating strategy is to provide value to its senior living residents by providing quality senior living services at reasonable prices, while achieving and sustaining a strong, competitive position within its geographically concentrated regions, as well as continuing to enhance the performance of its operations. The Company provides senior living services to the elderly, including independent living, assisted living, and memory care services at reasonable prices. Many of the Company’s communities offer a continuum of care to meet its residents’ needs as they change over time. This continuum of care, which integrates independent living, assisted living, and memory care, and is bridged by home care through independent home care agencies, sustains residents’ autonomy and independence based on their physical and mental abilities.

As of June 30, 2018, the Company operated 129 senior housing communities in 23 states with an aggregate capacity of approximately 16,500 residents, including 83 senior housing communities that the Company owned and 46 senior housing communities that the Company leased.

Significant Financial and Operational Highlights

The Company primarily derives its revenue by providing senior living and healthcare services to the elderly. When comparing the second quarter of fiscal 2018 to the second quarter of fiscal 2017, the Company generated revenue of approximately $114.6 million compared to revenue of approximately $116.7 million, respectively, representing a decrease of approximately $2.1 million, or 1.8%. Our revenue continues to be negatively impacted from the aftermath of Hurricane Harvey which resulted in the full evacuation of our residents at two of our senior housing communities located in southeast Texas during the third quarter of fiscal 2017. During the second quarter, both of these communities were undergoing repairs and remained fully vacated which resulted in a decrease of approximately $2.3 million in our revenue during the second quarter of fiscal 2018 when compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2017. The decrease in revenue from the two senior housing communities negatively impacted by Hurricane Harvey was slightly offset by an increase in revenue at our other remaining senior housing communities of $0.2 million due to a 1.1% increase in average monthly rental rates.    

Excluding the two senior housing communities negatively impacted by Hurricane Harvey, the average financial occupancy rate for the second quarters of fiscal 2018 and 2017 was 85.2% and 86.3%, respectively. Although average financial occupancies decreased, we experienced an increase in average monthly rental rates of 1.1% when comparing the second quarter of fiscal 2018 to the second quarter of fiscal 2017.    

As mentioned above, the Company had two of its senior housing communities located in southeast Texas impacted by Hurricane Harvey during the third quarter of fiscal 2017. During the second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2018, both of these communities remained fully vacated and were undergoing repairs but have now reopened and began accepting residents in July 2018. We maintain insurance coverage on these communities which includes damage caused by flooding. The insurance claim for this incident required a deductible of $100,000 that was expensed as a component of operating expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss in the third quarter of fiscal 2017. Through June 30, 2018, we have incurred approximately $5.7 million in clean-up and physical repair costs and we expect to incur additional repair costs which we believe are probable of being recovered through insurance proceeds. In addition to the repairs of physical damage to the buildings, the Company’s insurance coverage includes loss of business income (“Business Interruption”). Business Interruption includes reimbursement for lost revenue as well as incremental expenses incurred as a result of the hurricane. The Company has received payments from our insurance underwriters totaling

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approximately $2.1 million during the second quarter of fiscal 2018, of which approximately $1.6 million related to Business Interruption and has been included as a reduction to operating expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. Based upon our assessment of the physical damages and insurance coverage, the Company currently estimates insurance proceeds will be sufficient to reimburse the Company for all damages and repair costs to fully restore the communities to their condition prior to the incident.

Facility Lease Transactions

The Company currently leases 46 senior housing communities from certain real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), 44 of which are accounted for as operating leases and two of which are accounted for as capital lease and financing obligations. The lease terms are generally for 10-15 years with renewal options for an additional 5-20 years at the Company’s option. Under these lease agreements, the Company is responsible for all operating costs, maintenance and repairs, insurance and property taxes. The following table summarizes each of the Company’s facility lease agreements as of June 30, 2018 (dollars in millions):

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Facility lease expense in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss includes rent expense plus amortization expense relating to leasehold acquisition costs offset by the amortization of deferred gains and lease incentives. There are various financial covenants and other restrictions in the Company’s lease agreements. The Company was in compliance with all of its lease covenants at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Recent Accounting Developments

In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-01, Business Combinations – Clarifying the Definition of a Business. ASU 2017-01 provides guidance in accounting for business combinations when determining if the transaction represents acquisitions or disposals of assets or of a business. Under ASU 2017-01, when determining whether an integrated set of assets and activities constitutes a business, entities must compare the fair value of gross assets acquired to the fair value of a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets. If substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in the single identifiable assets or group of similar identifiable assets, the integrated set of assets and activities is not characterized as a business. ASU 2017-01 is applied prospectively and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2017-01 on January 1, 2018 and beginning from the date of adoption will apply the accounting guidance provided to the Company’s acquisition activities. Management expects the adoption to require the accounting for acquisitions of senior housing communities to be reflected as acquisitions of assets rather than as a business combination; however, management does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-01 to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force). ASU 2016-18 requires an entity to include in its cash and cash-equivalent balances in the statement of cash flows those amounts that are deemed to be restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. ASU 2016-18 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and should be applied on a retrospective basis. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2016-18 on January 1, 2018 and the adoption resulted in the Company no longer reporting changes in restricted cash balances in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows within net cash flows (used in) provided by financing activities which did not have a material impact on the Company’s cash flows.  

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. ASU 2016-15 amends the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 230, which often requires judgment to determine the appropriate classification of cash flows as operating, investing or financing activities and has resulted in diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are classified. ASU 2016-15 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and should be applied on a retrospective basis. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2016-15 on January 1, 2018 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s cash flows.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. ASU 2016-02 amends the existing accounting standards for lease accounting, including requiring lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets and making targeted changes to lessor accounting. ASU 2016-02 will be effective beginning in 2019. Early adoption of ASU 2016-02 as of its issuance is permitted. The new lease standard requires a modified retrospective transition approach for all leases existing at, or entered into after, the date of initial application, with an option to use certain transition relief. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new lease standard on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Currently, we expect the adoption of ASU 2016-02 will have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet due to the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities principally for certain leases currently accounted for as operating leases.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). ASU 2014-09 affects any entity that either enters into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enters into contracts for the transfer of nonfinancial assets. Under ASU 2014-09, an entity will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects what it expects in exchange for the goods or services. ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2014-09 on January 1, 2018 under the modified retrospective approach. Under the modified retrospective approach, the guidance is applied to the most current period presented, recognizing the cumulative effect of the adoption to beginning retained earnings. The Company has determined that the adoption of ASU 2014-09 did not result in an adjustment to beginning retained earnings and did not result in significant changes to the amount and/or timing of revenue reported within the Company’s consolidated financial statements; however, ASU 2014-09 requires enhanced disclosures related to the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue arrangements. Additionally, our contracts with residents are generally short term in nature and revenue is recognized when services are provided; as such, ASU 2014-09 provides an entity need not disclose information related to performance obligations when the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

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Website

The Company’s Internet website, www.capitalsenior.com, contains an Investor Relations section, which provides links to the Company’s annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements, and Section 16 filings and any amendments to those reports and filings. These reports and filings are available free of charge through the Company’s Internet website as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth for the periods indicated selected Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss data in thousands of dollars and expressed as a percentage of total revenues.

Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 Compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2017

Revenues.

Resident revenue was $114.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, compared to $116.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017, representing a decrease of $2.1 million, or 1.8%. The decrease in resident revenue primarily results from the negative impacts of Hurricane Harvey, which resulted in the full evacuation of our residents at two of our senior housing communities located in southeast Texas during the third quarter of fiscal 2017. Although these communities reopened and began accepting residents in July 2018, both of these communities were undergoing repairs and remained fully vacated during the second quarter of fiscal 2018 which resulted in a reduction of approximately $2.3 million in our resident revenue when comparing the second quarter of fiscal 2018 to the second quarter of fiscal 2017. The decrease in revenue from the two senior housing communities negatively impacted by Hurricane Harvey was slightly offset by an increase in revenue at our other remaining senior housing communities of $0.2 million primarily due to a 1.1% increase in average monthly rental rates.

Expenses.

Total expenses were $111.0 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2018 compared to $112.0 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2017, representing a decrease of $1.0 million, or 0.9%. This decrease is primarily the result of a $1.2 million decrease in depreciation and amortization expense, a $0.4 million decrease in general and administrative expenses, and a $0.3 million decrease in operating expenses, slightly offset by a $0.6 million increase in stock-based compensation expense and a $0.3 million increase in facility lease expense.

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Other income and expense.

Provision for income taxes.

Provision for income taxes for the second quarter of fiscal 2018 was $0.1 million, or 1.4% of loss before income taxes, compared to a provision for income taxes of $0.1 million, or 1.8% of loss before income taxes, for the second quarter of fiscal 2017. The effective tax rates for the second quarters of fiscal 2018 and 2017 differ from the statutory tax rates due to state income taxes, permanent tax differences, and changes in the deferred tax asset valuation allowance. The Company is impacted by the Texas Margin Tax (“TMT”), which effectively imposes tax on modified gross revenues for communities within the State of Texas. During each of the second quarters of fiscal 2018 and 2017, the Company consolidated 38 Texas communities and the TMT increased the overall provision for income taxes. Management regularly evaluates the future realization of deferred tax assets and provides a valuation allowance, if considered necessary, based on such evaluation. As part of the evaluation, management has evaluated taxable income in carryback years, future reversals of taxable temporary differences, feasible tax planning strategies, and future expectations of income. Based upon this evaluation, adjustments to the deferred tax asset valuation allowance of $2.1 million and $3.0 million were recorded during the second quarters of fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively, to reduce the Company’s net deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

Net loss and comprehensive loss.

As a result of the foregoing factors, the Company reported net loss and comprehensive loss of $(9.1 million) for the three months ended June 30, 2018, compared to net loss and comprehensive loss of $(7.8 million) for the three months ended June 30, 2017.

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2017

Revenues.

Resident revenue was $229.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to $232.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017, representing a decrease of $3.4 million, or 1.5%. The decrease in resident revenue primarily results from the negative impacts of Hurricane Harvey, which resulted in the full evacuation of our residents at two of our senior housing communities located in southeast Texas during the third quarter of fiscal 2017. Although these communities reopened and began accepting residents in July 2018, both of these communities were undergoing repairs and remained fully vacated during the first six months of fiscal 2018, which resulted in a reduction of approximately $4.7 million in our resident revenue when comparing the first six months of fiscal 2018 to the first six months of fiscal 2017. The decrease in revenue from the two senior housing communities negatively impacted by Hurricane Harvey was slightly offset by an increase in revenue at our other remaining senior housing communities of $1.2 million primarily due to a 1.4% increase in average monthly rental rates.

Expenses.

Total expenses were $220.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to $237.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017, representing a decrease of $17.4 million, or 7.3%. This decrease is primarily the result of a $12.9 million loss on facility lease termination incurred by the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2017, a $3.1 million decrease in depreciation and amortization expense, a $1.4 million decrease in operating expenses, and a $0.6 million decrease in general and administrative expenses, slightly offset by a $0.6 million increase in stock-based compensation expense.

Other income and expense.

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Provision for income taxes.

Provision for income taxes for the first six months of fiscal 2018 was $0.3 million, or 1.6% of loss before income taxes, compared to a provision for income taxes of $0.3 million, or 0.9% of loss before income taxes, for the first six months of fiscal 2017. The effective tax rates for the first six months of fiscal 2018 and 2017 differ from the statutory tax rates due to state income taxes, permanent tax differences, and changes in the deferred tax asset valuation allowance. The Company is impacted by the TMT, which effectively imposes tax on modified gross revenues for communities within the State of Texas. During each of the first six months of fiscal 2018 and 2017, the Company consolidated 38 Texas communities and the TMT increased the overall provision for income taxes. Management regularly evaluates the future realization of deferred tax assets and provides a valuation allowance, if considered necessary, based on such evaluation. As part of the evaluation, management has evaluated taxable income in carryback years, future reversals of taxable temporary differences, feasible tax planning strategies, and future expectations of income. Based upon this evaluation, adjustments to the deferred tax asset valuation allowance of $3.5 million and $16.1 million were recorded during the first six months of fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively, to reduce the Company’s net deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. The adjustment to the valuation allowance during the first six months of fiscal 2017 included an increase of $5.3 million for the adoption of ASU 2016-09, which was effective for the Company January 1, 2017.

Net loss and comprehensive loss.

As a result of the foregoing factors, the Company reported net loss and comprehensive loss of $(16.2 million) for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and net loss and comprehensive loss of $(29.7 million) for the six months ended June 30, 2017.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

In addition to approximately $10.9 million of unrestricted cash balances on hand as of June 30, 2018, the Company’s principal sources of liquidity are expected to be cash flows from operations, supplemental debt financings, additional proceeds from debt refinancings, equity issuances, and/or proceeds from the sale of assets. The Company expects its available cash and cash flows from operations, supplemental debt financings, additional proceeds from debt refinancings, and proceeds from the sale of assets to be sufficient to fund its short-term working capital requirements. The Company’s long-term capital requirements, primarily for acquisitions and other corporate initiatives, could be dependent on its ability to access additional funds through joint ventures and the debt and/or equity markets. The Company, from time to time, considers and evaluates transactions related to its portfolio including supplemental debt financings, debt refinancings, equity issuances, purchases and sales of assets, reorganizations and other transactions. There can be no assurance that the Company will continue to generate cash flows at or above current levels or that the Company will be able to obtain the capital necessary to meet the Company’s short and long-term capital requirements.

Changes in the current economic environment could result in decreases in the fair value of assets, slowing of transactions, and tightening liquidity and credit markets. These impacts could make securing debt for acquisitions or refinancings for the Company, joint ventures, or buyers of the Company’s properties more difficult or on terms not acceptable to the Company. Additionally, the Company may be more susceptible to being negatively impacted by operating or performance deficits based on the exposure associated with certain lease coverage requirements.

In summary, the Company’s cash flows were as follows (in thousands):

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Operating activities.

The net cash provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily results from net non-cash charges of $36.9 million and a decrease in tax and insurance deposits of $3.3 million, partially offset by net loss of $(16.2 million), an increase in accounts receivable of $3.1 million, a decrease in accrued expenses of $2.4 million, a decrease in other liabilities of $1.9 million, and a decrease in accounts payable of $1.3 million. The net cash provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2017, primarily results from net non-cash charges of $55.6 million, a decrease in other assets of $5.4 million, a decrease in property tax and insurance deposits of $3.6 million, an increase in accounts payable of $2.9 million, an increase in other liabilities of $2.8 million, and a decrease in prepaid expenses of $2.0 million, partially offset by net loss of $(29.7 million), an increase in accounts receivable of $3.8 million, a decrease in accrued expenses of $2.9 million, and a decrease in deferred resident revenue of $0.5 million.

Investing activities.

The net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily results from capital expenditures of $10.8 million associated with ongoing capital improvements and refurbishments at the Company’s senior housing communities. The net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2017, primarily results from capital expenditures of $21.9 million associated with ongoing capital improvements and refurbishments at the Company’s senior housing communities and the acquisition of senior housing communities by the Company of $85.0 million.

Financing activities.

The net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily results from notes payable proceeds of $1.7 million related to insurance premium financing, repayments of notes payable of $11.2 million, and payments on capital lease and financing obligations of $1.5 million. The net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2017, primarily results from notes payable proceeds of $66.6 million, of which $65.0 million is related to new mortgage debt associated with the acquisition of senior housing communities by the Company and approximately $1.6 million related to insurance premium financing, partially offset by repayments of notes payable of $10.3 million, payments on capital lease and financing obligations of $1.2 million, and deferred financing charges paid of $0.9 million.

Debt transactions.

Effective June 29, 2018, the Company extended its mortgage loan with Berkadia Commercial Mortgage LLC (“Berkadia”) on one of its senior living communities located in Canton, Ohio. The maturity date was extended to October 10, 2021 with an initial variable interest rate of LIBOR plus 5.0% with principal amortized over 25 years.

Effective May 31, 2018, the Company renewed certain insurance policies and entered into a finance agreement totaling approximately $1.7 million. The finance agreement has a fixed interest rate of 3.64% with the principal being repaid over an 11-month term.

The Company previously issued standby letters of credit with Wells Fargo Bank (“Wells Fargo”), totaling approximately $3.9 million, for the benefit of Hartford Financial Services (“Hartford”) in connection with the administration of workers’ compensation.

The Company previously issued standby letters of credit with JP Morgan Chase Bank (“Chase”), totaling approximately $6.7 million, for the benefit of Welltower, Inc. (“Welltower”), in connection with certain leases between Welltower and the Company.

The Company previously issued standby letters of credit with Chase, totaling approximately $2.9 million, for the benefit of HCP, Inc. (“HCP”) in connection with certain leases between HCP and the Company.

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Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

The Company’s primary market risk is exposure to changes in interest rates on debt and lease instruments. As of June 30, 2018, the Company had $957.9 million in outstanding debt comprised of various fixed and variable interest rate debt instruments of $881.5 million and $76.4 million, respectively. In addition, as of June 30, 2018, the Company had $407.5 million in future facility lease obligations with contingent rent increases on certain leases based on changes in the consumer price index or certain operational performance measures.

Changes in interest rates would affect the fair market values of the Company’s fixed interest rate debt instruments, but would not have an impact on the Company’s earnings or cash flows. Fluctuations in interest rates on the Company’s variable interest rate debt instruments, which are tied to LIBOR, would affect the Company’s earnings and cash flows but would not affect the fair market values of the variable interest rate debt. Each percentage point increase in interest rates would impact the Company’s annual interest expense by approximately $0.8 million based on the Company’s outstanding variable interest rate debt as of June 30, 2018. Increases in the consumer price index could have an effect on future facility lease expense if the leased community exceeds the contingent rent escalation thresholds set forth in each of the Company’s lease agreements.

Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures

The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are also designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the CEO and CFO as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Based upon the controls and procedures evaluation, the Company’s CEO and CFO have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the Company’s fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Part II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

The Company has claims incurred in the normal course of its business. Most of these claims are believed by management to be covered by insurance, subject to normal reservations of rights by the insurance companies and possibly subject to certain exclusions in the applicable insurance policies. Whether or not covered by insurance, these claims, in the opinion of management, based on advice of legal counsel, should not have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements of the Company if determined adversely to the Company.

Item 1A. RISK FACTORS.

Our business involves various risks. When evaluating our business, the following information should be carefully considered in conjunction with the other information contained in our periodic filings with the SEC. Additional risks and uncertainties not known to us currently or that currently we deem to be immaterial also may impair our business operations. If we are unable to prevent events that have a negative effect from occurring, then our business may suffer. Negative events are likely to decrease our revenue, increase our costs, weaken our financial results and/or decrease our financial strength, and may cause our stock price to decline. There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in Part 1, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

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Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

(c) Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

The following information is provided pursuant to Item 703 of Regulation S-K. The information set forth in the table below reflects shares purchased by the Company pursuant to its share repurchase program (as described below) as of June 30, 2018.

On January 22, 2009, the Company’s board of directors approved a share repurchase program that authorized the Company to purchase up to $10.0 million of the Company’s common stock. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of common stock and the share repurchase authorization has no stated expiration date. On January 14, 2016, the Company announced that its board of directors approved a continuation of the share repurchase program. All shares that have been acquired by the Company under this program were purchased in open-market transactions.

Item 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

Not applicable.

Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

Not applicable.

Item 5. OTHER INFORMATION.

Not applicable.

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Item 6. EXHIBITS.

The following documents are filed as a part of this report. Those exhibits previously filed and incorporated herein by reference are identified below. Exhibits not required for this report have been omitted.

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

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