---

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

---

 

FORM 10-Q

 

---

 

(Mark One)

 

☒   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2017

 

or

 

☐   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from          to           

Commission file number           001-33601

 

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code

210-308-8267

 

Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☐  No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☐  No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐  No ☒

APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PRECEDING FIVE YEARS:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.  Yes ☐  No ☐

APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.  As of July 31, 2017 there were 21,793,131 shares of common stock outstanding.

GlobalSCAPE, Inc.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

For the Quarter ended June 30, 2017

Index

GlobalSCAPE®, CuteFTP®, CuteFTP Pro®, DMZ Gateway®, EFT Cloud Services®, GlobalSCAPE Securely Connected®, and Mail Express® are registered trademarks of GlobalSCAPE, Inc.  

Secure FTP Server™, Wide Area File Services™, WAFS™, CDP™, Advanced Workflow Engine™, AWE™, EFT Server™, EFT Workspaces™, EFT Insight™, Enhanced File Transfer™, Enhanced File Transfer Server™, Secure Ad Hoc Transfer™, SAT™, EFT Server Enterprise™, Enhanced File Transfer Server Enterprise™, Desktop Transfer Client™, DTC™, Mobile Transfer Client™, MTC™, Web Transfer Client™, Workspaces™, Accelerate™, WTC™, Content Integrity Control™, Advanced Authentication™, AAM™ and scConnect™ are trademarks of GlobalSCAPE, Inc. 

TappIn® and design are registered trademarks of TappIn, Inc., our wholly-owned subsidiary. 

TappIn Secure Share™, Social Share™, Now Playing™, and Enhanced A La Carte Playlist™, are trademarks of TappIn, Inc., our wholly-owned subsidiary. 

Other trademarks and trade names in this Quarterly Report are the property of their respective owners.

 

Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

 

		June 30,				December 31,
		2017				2016
		(unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	8,757			$	8,895
Short term certificates of deposit			2,763				2,754
Accounts receivable, net			6,016				6,288
Federal income tax receivable			961				292
Prepaid and other expenses			425				531
Total current assets			18,922				18,760
Long term certificates of deposit			12,898				12,779
Capitalized software development costs, net			3,761				3,743
Goodwill			12,712				12,712
Deferred tax asset, net			1,179				1,050
Property and equipment, net			551				456
Other assets			102				245
Total assets		$	50,125			$	49,745
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable		$	948			$	930
Accrued expenses			1,465				1,603
Deferred revenue			12,284				13,655
Total current liabilities			14,697				16,188
Deferred revenue, non-current portion			3,877				3,790
Other long term liabilities			171				152
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, 10,000,000 authorized, no shares issued or outstanding			-				-
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 40,000,000 authorized, 22,192,412 and 21,920,912 shares issued at June 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively			22				22
Additional paid-in capital			22,885				21,756
Treasury stock, 403,581 shares, at cost, at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016			(1,452	)			(1,452	)
Retained earnings			9,925				9,289
Total stockholders’ equity			31,380				29,615
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$	50,125			$	49,745

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

		Three months ended June 30,								Six months ended June 30,
		2017				2016				2017				2016
Operating Revenues:
Software licenses		$	2,700			$	2,796			$	5,279			$	5,060
Maintenance and support			5,222				4,553				10,343				8,998
Professional services			551				762				1,283				1,404
Total Revenues			8,473				8,111				16,905				15,462
Cost of revenues
Software licenses			752				796				1,509				1,422
Maintenance and support			425				386				838				780
Professional services			353				452				717				875
Total cost of revenues			1,530				1,634				3,064				3,077
Gross profit			6,943				6,477				13,841				12,385
Operating expenses
Sales and marketing			3,196				2,879				6,485				5,884
General and administrative			1,889				1,726				3,603				3,413
Research and development			1,213				585				1,935				1,232
Total operating expenses			6,298				5,190				12,023				10,529
Income from operations			645				1,287				1,818				1,856
Interest income (expense), net			77				27				146				60
Income before income taxes			722				1,314				1,964				1,916
Income tax expense			265				473				676				693
Net income		$	457			$	841			$	1,288			$	1,223
Comprehensive income		$	457			$	841			$	1,288			$	1,223
Net income per common share -
Basic		$	0.02			$	0.04			$	0.06			$	0.06
Diluted		$	0.02			$	0.04			$	0.06			$	0.06
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic			21,675				21,105				21,610				21,056
Diluted			22,170				21,689				22,094				21,655
Cash dividends declared per share		$	0.015			$	0.015			$	0.030			$	0.030

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

		For the Six Months Ended June 30,
		2017				2016
Operating Activities:
Net income		$	1,288			$	1,223
Items not involving cash at the time they are recorded in the statement of operations:
Provision for sales returns and doubtful accounts receivable			11				42
Depreciation and amortization			1,056				1,006
Share-based compensation			671				523
Deferred taxes			(129	)			47
Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation			-				(12	)
Subtotal before changes in operating assets and liabilities			2,897				2,829
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable			261				845
Prepaid expenses			106				(41	)
Deferred revenue			(1,284	)			(726	)
Accounts payable			18				(106	)
Accrued expenses			(138	)			(518	)
Other assets			143				30
Accrued interest receivable			(128	)			(33	)
Other long-term liabilities			19				3
Income tax receivable and payable			(669	)			141
Net cash provided by operating activities			1,225				2,424
Investing Activities:
Software development costs capitalized			(938	)			(846	)
Purchase of property and equipment			(231	)			(113	)
Net cash (used in) investing activities			(1,169	)			(959	)
Financing Activities:
Proceeds from exercise of stock options			458				259
Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation			-				12
Dividends paid			(652	)			(631	)
Net cash (used in) financing activities			(194	)			(360	)
Net increase (decrease) in cash			(138	)			1,105
Cash at beginning of period			8,895				15,885
Cash at end of period		$	8,757			$	16,990
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest		$	-			$	-
Income taxes		$	1,504			$	468

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

GlobalSCAPE, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2017 and For the Three and Six

Months Then Ended

(Unaudited)

1.           Nature of Business

GlobalSCAPE, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary (together referred to as the “Company”, “GlobalSCAPE”, or “we”)  provides secure information exchange capabilities for enterprises and consumers through the development and distribution of software, delivery of managed and hosted solutions, and provisioning of associated services. Our solution portfolio facilitates transmission of critical information such as financial data, medical records, customer files, vendor files, personnel files, transaction activity, and other similar documents between diverse and geographically separated network infrastructures while supporting a range of information protection approaches to meet privacy and other security requirements. In addition to enabling secure, flexible transmission of critical information using servers, desktop and notebook computers, and a wide range of network-enabled mobile devices, our products also provide customers with the ability to monitor and audit file transfer activities.  Our primary product is Enhanced File Transfer, or EFT. We have other products that complement our EFT product.

In June 2017, we introduced a data integration product that we planned to sell under the brand name Kenetix. We licensed the technology for this product from a third party. This product is a cloud-based, integration-as-a-service, or iPaaS, solution used to connect applications, microservices, application program interfaces (or API’s), data and processes within and between organizations. We have experienced issues with the third-party technology and have determined to suspend marketing of the product as we evaluate options and determine whether the licensor can effectively address the issues.

We also sell other products that are synergistic to EFT including Mail Express, WAFS, and CuteFTP. Collectively, these products constitute less than 10% of our total revenue.

Throughout these notes unless otherwise noted, our references to the 2017 quarter and the 2016 quarter refer to the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  Our references to the 2017 six months and the 2016 six months refer to the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

2.           Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X, “Interim Financial Statements”, as prescribed by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. Accordingly, they do not include all information and footnotes required under United States generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all accounting entries necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position and results of operations have been made. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. The information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 filed with the SEC on June 14, 2018, which we refer to as the 2016 Form 10-K/A, as well as Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations also included in our 2016 Form 10-K/A and in this report.

We follow accounting standards set by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB. This board sets GAAP, which we follow in preparing financial statements that report our financial position, results of operations, and sources and uses of cash. We also follow the reporting regulations of the SEC.

 

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities known to exist as of the date the financial statements are published, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Uncertainties with respect to such estimates and assumptions are inherent in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. It is possible the actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions and could have a material effect on the reported amounts of our financial position and results of operations.

3.           Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with GAAP.  All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Changes in Accounting Methods, Reclassifications and Revisions

As part of our ongoing enhancement and refinement of our financial reporting to fairly present our results of operations and financial position, we may make changes from time-to-time in accounting methods and in the classification and presentation of our business activities in our financial statements. To ensure comparability between periods, we revise previous period financial statements presented to conform them to the method of presentation in our current period financial statements. If the changes increase or decrease previously reported amounts of revenue or expenses, we adjust retained earnings as of the beginning of the earliest period presented for the cumulative effect, if any, on that balance. If these changes affect our financial statements for previously reported interim periods not presented herein, we present revised financial statements for those periods when they are reported in the future.

Method of Amortization of Deferred Revenue Related to M&S Contracts

In previously issued financial statements, for our fiscal years prior to 2016 and for the first three quarters of 2016, we amortized deferred revenue related to maintenance and support, or M&S, contracts by recording a full month of amortization in the first month of a contract. We used that method based on our intent to match revenue from our M&S contracts to the expense we incur when delivering M&S services. We acknowledge that the more common and widespread practice is to amortize deferred revenue based upon the specific number of days the M&S contract is in place during that month. Both methods result in the recognition of the same amount of revenue over the term of the M&S contract but yield differing amounts of revenue being recognized in the first month and last month of an M&S contract.

Commencing with the issuance of our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2016, and for the year then ended, we changed our method of amortizing deferred revenue related to M&S contracts such that our condensed consolidated statements of operations and balance sheets included herein are now prepared using the specific number of days method. This change decreased M&S revenue and net income for the three months ended June 30, 2016 as reported herein by immaterial amounts relative to amounts previously reported for that period. This change increased deferred revenue as of June 30, 2016 by an immaterial amount relative to the amount previously reported as of that date. This change has no effect on the total amount of revenue we will realize from our M&S contracts.

Method of Recording M&S Billings

We may invoice a customer for M&S to be provided commencing on a date in a month subsequent to the month in which we invoice the customer. We typically receive a purchase order from our customers for M&S prior to invoicing them, and it is not uncommon for a customer to pay us in advance of that M&S commencement date either on their own or when we request such payment. Accordingly, in our consolidated balance sheets issued prior to 2016 and for the first three quarters of 2016, we recorded an account receivable and deferred revenue for these invoices as of the date of the invoice. Commencing with the preparation and issuance of our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2016, we determined that a reasonable, alternate and more conservative method would be to wait until the commencement date of the M&S contract had arrived to record the account receivable and deferred revenue for any such invoices for which we have not been paid as of the balance sheet date. Accordingly, our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2016, included herein is now prepared and presented using that method. This change had the effect of decreasing our reported amounts of accounts receivable and deferred revenue relative to the method we previously used but does not affect any of our reported amounts of revenue or net income.

Reclassification of Sales Engineer Expenses

We employ sales engineers who assist our sales staff in addressing technical considerations by our customers prior to their purchasing our product. Our use of sales engineers has expanded in recent quarters. Prior to 2016 and for the first three quarters of 2016, we classified the expense of sales engineers as part of costs of revenue – professional services. Commencing with the preparation and issuance of our financial statements as of December 31, 2016, we began classifying these expenses as part of sales and marketing expense to more appropriately present the current nature of the activities of our sales engineers. This change has the effect of decreasing cost of revenue – professional services and increasing sales and marketing expense. It does not affect any of our reported amounts of revenue or net income.

Reclassification of Reserve for Uncertain Tax Position

As described in Note 9, we maintain a reserve for uncertain tax positions. Prior to 2016 and for the first three quarters of 2016, we classified that reserve as a current liability since it was not material to our financial statements taken as a whole. Commencing with the preparation of our financial statements as of December 31, 2016, we determined it appropriate to classify it as a component of other long term liabilities. This change has the effect of decreasing current income taxes payable and increasing other long term liabilities.

Reclassification of Professional Services Revenue

In preparing our condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income for the 2017 quarter, we changed the classification of certain revenue from M&S to professional services to better reflect the nature of that revenue. We have made the same reclassification in our condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income for the 2016 quarter presented herein.

 

Adjustments Related to the Audit Committee Investigation and Audit of 2016 Financial Statements

The Company has concluded that its previously issued consolidated financial statements for the year ended  December 31, 2016 should be restated due to misstatements related to certain revenue transactions incorrectly recognized during the year ended December 31, 2016 as well as other transactions identified during the Audit Committee’s investigation and management’s analysis and for the changes in the Company’s accounting methods, reclassifications and revisions described above in this Note 3.

The impact of all of the misstatements described above on the condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three and six months ended June, 2016 are as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue Recognition

We develop, market and sell software products. We recognize revenue from a sale transaction when the following conditions are met:

·          Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists.

·          Delivery has occurred or services have been rendered.

·          The amount of the sale is fixed or determinable.

·          Collection of the sale amount is reasonably assured.

For a sale transaction not meeting any one of these four criteria, we defer recognition of revenue related to that transaction until all the criteria are met.

We earn the majority of our software license revenue from software products sold under perpetual software license agreements. At the time our customers purchase these products, they typically also purchase an M&S contract. These transactions are multiple element software sales for which we assess the presence of vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of the fair value of the undelivered elements to determine the portion of these sales to recognize as revenue upon delivery of the software product and the portion of these sales to record as deferred revenue at the time the product is delivered. We amortize the deferred revenue component to revenue in future periods on a straight-line method as we deliver the related future services to the customer. For transactions, if any, for which we cannot establish VSOE of the fair value of the undelivered elements, we initially record the entire transaction as deferred revenue and amortize that amount to revenue in future periods as we deliver the related future services to the customer.

 

We provide services under M&S contracts with terms generally ranging from one to three years. We require up-front payment of our M&S fee in an amount that covers the entire term of the agreement.  We record deferred revenue at the commencement date of the contract or when we receive payment, whichever occurs first.  We amortize the related deferred revenue over the term of the contract, based upon the specific number of days method. Deferred revenue related to services we will deliver within one year is presented as a current liability while deferred revenue related to services that we will deliver more than one year into the future is presented as a non-current liability. We reduce deferred revenue and recognize revenue ratably in future periods on a straight-line method as we deliver the M&S service.

For our products licensed and delivered on a monthly or other periodic subscription or SaaS basis, we recognize subscription revenue, including initial setup fees, on a monthly basis ratably over the contractual term of the customer contract as we deliver our products and services. Amounts paid prior to this revenue recognition are presented as deferred revenue until earned.

 

We provide professional services to our customers consisting primarily of software installation support, operations support and training. We recognize revenue from these services as they are completed and accepted by our customers.

 

We collect sales tax on many of our sales. We do not include sales tax collected in our revenue. We record it as a liability payable to taxing authorities.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes all cash and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is comprised of furniture and fixtures, software, computer equipment and leasehold improvements which are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives. Furniture, fixtures and equipment have a useful life of five to seven years, computer equipment and software have a useful life of three years and leasehold improvements have a useful life that is the shorter of the term of the lease under which the improvements were made or the estimated useful life of the asset.

Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.

Goodwill

Goodwill is not amortized. On at least an annual basis, we test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level using December 31 as the measurement date. We operate as a single reporting unit.

 

When testing goodwill, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not (that is, a likelihood of more than 50 percent) that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. In performing this qualitative assessment, we assess events and circumstances relevant to us including, but not limited to:

•	Macroeconomic conditions.

•	Industry and market considerations.

•	Cost factors and trends for labor and other expenses of operating our business.

•	Our overall financial performance and outlook for the future.

•	Trends in the quoted market value and trading of our common stock.

 

In considering these and other factors, we consider the extent to which any adverse events and circumstances identified could affect the comparison of our reporting unit’s fair value with its carrying amount. We place more weight on events and circumstances that most affect our reporting unit’s fair value or the carrying amount of our net assets. We consider positive and mitigating events and circumstances that may affect our determination of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. We evaluate, on the basis of the weight of the evidence, the significance of all identified events and circumstances in the context of determining whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.

 

If, after assessing the totality of these qualitative events and circumstances, we determine it is not more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we conclude there is no impairment of goodwill and perform no further testing, in accordance with GAAP. If we conclude otherwise, we proceed with performing the first step, and if necessary, the second step, of the two-step goodwill impairment test prescribed by GAAP.

As of December 31, 2016, after assessing the totality of the relevant events and circumstances, we determined it not more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. Accordingly, we concluded there was no impairment of goodwill as of that date. There have been no material events or changes in circumstances since that time indicating that the carrying amount of goodwill may exceed its fair market value and that interim testing needed to be performed.

Capitalized Software Development Costs

 

When we complete research and development for a software product and have in place a program plan and a detail program design or a working model of that software product, we capitalize production costs incurred for that software product from that point forward until it is ready for general release to the public. Thereafter, we amortize capitalized software production costs to expense using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of that product, which is generally three years. We periodically assess the carrying value of capitalized software development costs and our method of amortizing them relative to our estimates of realizability through sales of products in the marketplace.

Research and Development

 

We expense research and development costs as incurred.

Advertising Expense

We expense advertising costs as incurred as a component of our sales and marketing expenses.  Advertising expense was approximately $608,276 and $559,322 in the 2017 quarter and the 2016 quarter, respectively, and $1,027,837 and $967,458 in the 2017 six months and 2016 six months, respectively.

Share-Based Compensation

We measure the cost of share-based payment transactions at the grant date based on the calculated fair value of the award. We recognize this cost as an expense ratably over the recipient’s requisite service period during which that award vests or becomes unrestricted.

For stock option awards, we estimate their fair value at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model considering the following factors:

•	We estimate expected volatility based on historical volatility of our common stock.

•

We use primarily the simplified method to derive an expected term which represents an estimate of the time options are expected to remain outstanding. We use this method because our options are plain-vanilla options, and we believe our historical option exercise experience is not adequately indicative of our future expectations.

•	We base the risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option on the U.S. treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

•	We estimate a dividend yield based on our historical and expected future dividend payments.

For restricted stock awards, we use the quoted price of our common stock on the grant date as the fair value of the award.

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method.  We record deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the difference between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount for financial reporting purposes, as measured by the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are carried on the balance sheet with the presumption that they will be realizable in future periods in which we generate taxable income.

We assess the likelihood that deferred tax assets will be realized from future taxable income. Based on this assessment, we provide any necessary valuation allowance on our balance sheet with a corresponding increase in the tax provision on our statement of operations. Any valuation allowances we establish are determined based upon a number of assumptions, judgments, and estimates, including forecasted earnings, future taxable income, and the relative proportions of revenue and income before taxes in the various domestic jurisdictions in which we operate.

We account for uncertainty in income taxes using a two-step process to determine the amount of tax benefit to be recognized. First, we evaluate the tax position to determine the likelihood that it will be sustained upon external examination. If the tax position is deemed “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained, we assess the tax position to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the consolidated financial statements. The amount of the benefit we recognize is the largest amount that we believe has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Unrecognized tax benefits represent tax positions for which reserves have been established.

Earnings Per Share

We compute basic earnings per share using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the periods.  We compute diluted earnings per share using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus the number of common shares that would be issued assuming conversion of all potentially dilutive common shares outstanding.

Awards of non-vested restricted stock and options are considered potentially dilutive common shares for the purpose of computing earnings per common share.  We apply the treasury stock method to non-vested options under which the assumed proceeds include the amount the employee must pay to exercise the option plus the amount of unrecognized cost attributable to future periods less any expected tax benefits.

Recent accounting pronouncements

The Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, has issued the Accounting Standard Updates (ASU) described below that we believe may be relevant to our business and to the preparation of our financial statements.

ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (issued January 2017) - To simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill, Step 2 was eliminated from the goodwill impairment test. In computing the implied fair value of goodwill under Step 2, an entity had to perform procedures to determine the fair value at the impairment testing date of its assets and liabilities (including unrecognized assets and liabilities) following the procedure that would be required in determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Instead, under the amendments in this update, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. Any loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Additionally, an entity should consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. This update also eliminated the requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative assessment and, if it fails that qualitative test, to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. Therefore, the same impairment assessment applies to all reporting units. An entity is required to disclose the amount of goodwill allocated to each reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount of net assets. An entity still has the option to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. A public business entity that is an SEC filer is required to adopt the amendments in this update for its annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. We expect that the application of the provisions of this update will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows – Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (issued June 2016) - This pronouncement provides guidance as to the treatment of transactions in a statement of cash flows with respect to eight specific cash flow issues. During 2017 and 2016, we had no transactions of the type cited in the statement and do not anticipate having any such transactions in the foreseeable future. Accordingly, we do not expect this pronouncement to have a material effect on how we present items in our statement of cash flows.

ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (issued June 2016) - Among the provisions of this ASU is a requirement that assets measured at amortized cost, which includes trade accounts receivable, be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. This pronouncement requires that an entity reflect all of its expected credit losses based on current estimates which will replace the current standard requiring that an entity need consider only past events and current conditions in measuring an incurred loss. We are subject to this guidance effective with financial statements we issue for the year ending December 31, 2020, and the quarterly periods during that year. We do not expect the amounts we report as accounts receivable in those future periods under this guidance to be materially affected relative to current guidance.

ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (issued March 2016) – This standard discontinued the recording in equity of tax benefits or tax deficiencies that arise from differences between share-based payment compensation expense recorded for financial statement purposes and that expense deductible for tax purposes. This new standard requires that the tax effect of all such differences be recorded and reported in the statement of operations. This standard also requires that tax-related cash flows resulting from share-based payments be reported as operating activities in the statement of cash flows which is a change from the current requirement to present such tax-related items as an inflow from financing activities and an outflow from operating activities. As prescribed by this standard, we adopted it beginning January 1, 2017, and followed it in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2017, and for the three months and six months then ended.

This standard also permits an accounting policy election for the impact of forfeitures on the recognition of expense for share-based payment awards. Forfeitures may be either estimated (as has been the requirement in the past) or recognized when they occur. We elected to continue estimating forfeitures consistent with our existing practices thereby resulting in no change to our application of GAAP for this aspect of computing share-based compensation.

ASU 2016-02, Leases (issued February 2016) - The main difference between existing GAAP and this ASU 2016-02 is the presentation by lessees on their financial statements of lease assets and lease liabilities arising from operating leases. Since this new standard retains the distinction between finance and operating leases, the effect of leases in the statement of operations and the statement of cash flows will be largely unchanged from existing GAAP. Our only lease of significance is our operating lease for our corporate office space for which we will present a right-to-use asset and a lease liability on our consolidated balance sheet when we implement this standard. We are in the process of determining those amounts. In accordance with this standard, we will implement it beginning with our interim and annual financial statements for 2019. The extent of the effect of this standard on our consolidated financial statements for 2019 and later will depend upon the leases, if any, that we have in effect at that date.

ASU 2015-17, Income Tax: Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes (issued November 2015) - This pronouncement requires that all deferred tax assets and liabilities for a tax jurisdiction, along with any related valuation allowance, be classified as noncurrent on the balance sheet. We have implemented this ASU in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements in the manner described in Note 9 below.

ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (issued May 2014) - The core principle of this guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. We will implement these new principles effective with consolidated financial statements we issue for the year ending December 31, 2018, and the quarterly periods during that year.

We have assessed the effect of ASU 2014-09 on the amount and timing of revenue we expect to recognize from our business activities in 2018 and later. We do not expect there to be material differences in the amount and timing of revenue we recognize from similar business activities in future periods determined by applying ASU 2014-09 as compared to revenue we would have otherwise recognized by applying GAAP as it existed prior to 2018.

We have determined that the application of ASU 2014-09 will have a material effect on the timing of our recording of expenses resulting from the incremental costs we incur to obtain a contract with a customer to deliver goods and services. These incremental costs consist primarily of sales commissions paid to our sales people and royalties on certain of our products paid to third parties. For years ended December 31, 2017, and earlier, we recorded the full amount of the sales commission and royalties paid on the full value of an M&S or SaaS contract as an expense on the inception date of the M&S contract. Under ASU 2014-09, we will account for such costs we incur in 2018 and later as follows:

·	If these costs are associated with products and services for which we recognize revenue at a point in time (primarily sales of perpetual software licenses and professional services), we will expense these costs in full at the time we recognize that revenue.

·

If these costs are associated with services for which we recognize revenue over time (primarily sales of M&S and SaaS subscriptions) for which we believe it is likely that the contract for those services will be renewed for additional terms in the future, provided we deem these costs to be recoverable, we will record these costs as deferred expense asset and amortize that cost to expense as follows:

o	For the portion of the cost that we determine benefits us primarily only over the term of the specific underlying contract currently in force (such as the term of an M&S contract), we will recognize expense ratably each month over that term.

o

For the portion of the cost that we determine benefits us over an overall customer relationship that is likely to span a period of time that is longer than an initial contract term (for example, an M&S contract renewed for multiple terms in the future), we will recognize expense ratably monthly over the estimated life of the customer relationship.

Our application of ASU 2014-09 to incremental costs we incur to obtain a contract with a customer will result in us recording, as an asset as of January 1, 2018, a deferred expense of $1.2 million applicable to contracts with customers in effect as of that date. We previously reported this amount as an expense in our financial statements for periods ending on and before December 31, 2017. We estimate that we will amortize this amount to expense at the rate of approximately $186,000 per quarter beginning in 2018. The incremental costs we incur to obtain contracts with customers during 2018 and later years, and the amount of such costs we record as a deferred expense and amortize to expense in subsequent periods, will depend upon the nature and scope of our future business activities, the nature and mix of the products and services we sell, the compensation plans we have in place for our sales people, and the royalty arrangements we enter into with third parties.

4.           Certificates of Deposit

Our certificates of deposit are held at a bank and mature at various dates through December 2021. Certificates of deposit with contractual maturity dates less than one year from the balance sheet date are presented as current assets.  Certificates of deposit with contractual maturity dates beyond one year from the balance sheet date are presented as non-current assets.

We have the ability to hold these certificates of deposit until their maturity dates and as of the date of this report intend to do so. We measure these investments on a recurring basis using Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy prescribed by GAAP which results in them being presented at original cost plus accrued interest earned. There is no amortization of original cost associated with our certificates of deposit.

5.           Accounts Receivable, Net

We bill our customers and issue them an invoice when we have delivered our goods or services to them. In addition, when our customers agree to purchase or renew M&S services, we bill and invoice our customers at that time, which could be before the date we begin delivering those services. In that event, we exclude from accounts receivable (and from the related deferred revenue, see Note 3) the invoices we have issued for which the M&S services commencement date is in the future and which have not been paid by the customer as of the date of our condensed consolidated financial statements. Accordingly, we determine our accounts receivable, net, as follows ($ in thousands):

6.           Capitalized Software Development Costs

Our capitalized software development costs balances and activities were as follows: ($ in thousands):

 

The future amortization expense of the gross capitalized software development costs related to unreleased products will be determinable at a future date when those products are ready for general release to the public.

7.          Deferred Revenue

As described in Note 5 regarding accounts receivable, when our customers agree to purchase or renew M&S services, we bill and invoice our customers at that time which could be before the date we begin delivering those services. In that event, we exclude from deferred revenue (and from the related accounts receivable) the invoices we have issued for which the M&S services commencement date is in the future and which have not been paid by the customer as of the date of our financial statements. Accordingly, we determine our deferred revenue as follows ($ in thousands):

 

		June 30, 2017				December 31, 2016
Total invoiced for M&S contracts for which revenue will be recognized in future periods		$	16,822			$	17,826
Less: Unpaid invoices relating to M&S contracts with a start date subsequent to the balance sheet date			(661	)			(381	)
Total deferred revenue		$	16,161			$	17,445
Deferred revenue, current portion		$	12,284			$	13,655
Deferred revenue, non-current portion			3,877				3,790
Total deferred revenue		$	16,161			$	17,445

 

8.           Stock Options, Restricted Stock and Share-Based Compensation

We have stock-based compensation plans under which we have granted, and may grant in the future, incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, and restricted stock to employees and non-employee members of the Board of Directors. Our share-based compensation expense was as follows ($ in thousands):

Stock Options

 

We have granted stock options to our officers and employees under long-term equity incentive plans that originated in 2000, 2010 and 2016. During the 2017 quarter and six months, we granted stock options only under the 2016 plan.

Provisions and characteristics of the options granted to our officers and employees under our long-term equity incentive plans include the following:

·	The exercise price, term and other conditions applicable to each stock option or stock award granted are determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.

·	The exercise price of stock options is set on the grant date and may not be less than the fair market value per share of our stock at market close on that date.

·	Stock options we issue generally become exercisable ratably over a three-year period, expire ten years from the date of grant, and are exercisable for a period of ninety days after the end of employment.

·	Upon exercise of a stock option, we issue new shares from the shares of common stock we are authorized to issue.

We currently issue stock-based awards to our officers and employees only under the 2016 plan which authorizes the issuance of up to 5,000,000 shares of common stock for stock-based incentives including stock options and restricted stock awards. As of June 30, 2017, stock-based incentives for up to 4,266,500 shares remained available for issuance in the future under this plan.

We have not previously issued any restricted stock under any of these plans.

Our stock option activity has been as follows:

 

Additional information about our stock options is as follows:

We used the following assumptions to determine compensation expense for our stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model:

Restricted Stock Awards

 

Our 2015 Non-Employee Directors Long-Term Equity Incentive Plan (“2015 Directors Plan”) provides for the issuance of either stock options or restricted stock awards for up to 500,000 shares of our common stock. Provisions and characteristics of this plan include the following:

·	The exercise price, term and other conditions applicable to each stock option or stock award granted are determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.

·

Restricted stock awards are initially issued as restricted shares with a legend restricting transferability of the shares until the recipient satisfies the vesting provision of the award, which is generally continuing service for one year subsequent to the date of the award, after which time the restrictive legend is removed from the shares.

·	Restricted shares participate in dividend payments and may be voted.

·	As of June 30, 2017, stock based incentives for up to 260,000 shares remained available for issuance in the future under this plan.

Our restricted stock awards activity has been as follows:

9.           Income Taxes

 

The components of our income tax expense (benefit) are as follows ($ in thousands):

 

		Three months ended June 30,																								Six months ended June 30,
		2017												2016												2017												2016
		Current				Deferred				Total				Current				Deferred				Total				Current				Deferred				Total				Current				Deferred				Total
Federal		$	317			$	(94	)		$	223			$	367			$	65			$	432			$	707			$	(116	)		$	591			$	586			$	57			$	643
State			55				(13	)			42				40				1				41				98				(13	)		$	85				60				(10	)		$	50
Total		$	372			$	(107	)		$	265			$	407			$	66			$	473			$	805			$	(129	)		$	676			$	646			$	47			$	693

 

 

Deferred income taxes on our balance sheet reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes.  Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows ($ in thousands):

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is more-likely-than-not that a deferred tax asset will not be realized.  Our assessment of the likelihood of having sufficient taxable income in the future to support deduction or utilization of the items giving rise to our deferred tax assets indicates it is more-likely-than-not that we will realize the deferred tax assets listed in the table above.

As of June 30, 2017, we had federal income tax net operating loss carryforwards of $181,000 available to offset future federal taxable income, if any. These carryforwards became available through our acquisition of TappIn, Inc. in 2011.  These carryforwards expire in 2030 and 2031.

As of June 30, 2017, we had federal income tax capital loss carryforwards of $3,231,000 which resulted from the reduction of our investments in and notes receivable from CoreTrace Corporation in 2012.  We can realize capital loss carryforwards to the extent we have capital gains in future periods against which this capital loss can be deducted.  We believe it uncertain that we will have sufficient capital gains in the future to support this deduction and accordingly have provided a valuation allowance for the full amount of this carryforward. This carryforward expires in 2017.

As of June 30, 2017, we had Texas R&D tax credit carryforwards of $163,000.  We can realize Texas R&D tax credit carryforwards to the extent we have sufficient Texas Franchise Tax in future years.  We believe it uncertain that we will have sufficient Texas Franchise Tax in the future to support utilization of these credits and, accordingly, have provided a valuation allowance for the full amount of this carryforward.  These carryforwards expire in 2034 through 2038.

We claim research and experimentation tax credits, or R&D tax credits, on certain of our tax returns and have included the effect of those credits in our provision for income taxes. A routine examination of our 2008, 2009 and 2010 federal income tax returns conducted and completed by the Internal Revenue Service resulted in the amount of the R&D tax credits allowed for those years being less than the amounts we claimed on those federal income tax returns. If the Internal Revenue Service examines our federal income tax returns for 2011 and later years, we believe they may apply their same criteria to the R&D tax credits we claimed on those tax returns. Accordingly, we believed it more-likely-than-not that the R&D tax credit allowed for those years may be less than the amounts we have claimed.  As a result, we maintain a reserve for an uncertain tax position for this matter in the amount of $147,000 as of June 30, 2017.

The aggregate changes in the balance of our gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows ($ in thousands):

We believe it reasonably possible that we will not recognize any of our unrecognized tax benefits at least through June 30, 2017. If we realized and recognized any of our gross unrecognized tax benefits, such benefits would reduce our effective tax rate in the year of recognition.

We are subject to taxation in the United States and in multiple state jurisdictions. Our federal income tax returns for 2015, 2014 and 2013 are subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.  Our amended federal income tax returns for 2012 and 2011 are subject to examination with the amount of any claim for payment of additional taxes limited to the amount by which the tax due on those amended returns was less than the tax due on the returns for those years as originally filed.  Our state tax returns are subject to examination for varying periods of time by numerous state taxing authorities. Currently, none of our federal or state income tax returns are under examination.

To the extent they arise, we record interest and penalty expenses related to income taxes as components of other expense in our statement of operations.  We incurred no such expenses in the 2017 quarter or the 2016 quarter.

We file state tax returns in various states.  The taxes resulting from these filings are included in income tax expense.

Our income tax expense (benefit) reconciles to an income tax expense resulting from applying an assumed statutory federal income rate of 34% to income before income taxes as follows ($ in thousands):

 

		Three months ended June 30,								Six months ended June 30,
		2017				2016				2017				2016
Income tax expense (benefit) at federal statutory rate		$	245			$	447			$	668			$	652
Increase (decrease) in taxes resulting from:
State taxes, net of federal benefit			23				35				51				45
Stock based compensation			24				19				84				35
Other			6				(2	)			13				33
R&D tax credit uncertain tax position (net)			6				4				26				10
Research and development credit			(31	)			(31	)			(147	)			(64	)
Domestic production activities deduction			(8	)			1				(19	)			(18	)
Income tax expense (benefit) per the statements of operations		$	265			$	473			$	676			$	693