UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 

 

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from _______________ to _______________ 

 

Commission File Number:  333-201360

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Nevada		90-1137640
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 

2498 Wanfeng Highway, Lane 181 Fengjing Town, Jinshan District Shanghai, China		201501
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (86) 21-67355092

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class:		Name of each exchange on which registered:
None		None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

 

None

(Title of class)

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes ☐   No ☒ 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ☐   No ☒ 

 

Note – Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act from their obligations under those Sections. 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒    No ☐  

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒    No ☐ 

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ☐ 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, and accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a small reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☒
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)		Emerging growth company	☒

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes ☐   No ☒

 

State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter: $497,960,845 based on 99,592,169 non-affiliates shares of common stock as of June 30, 2017. However, the Company has not developed an active trading market for its common stock.

 

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of April 3, 2018 was 280,000,000.

 

Documents Incorporated by Reference: None

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC.

 

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

 

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED

 

DECEMBER 31, 2017

 

		Page
PART I
ITEM 1.	Business.	1
ITEM 1A.	Risk Factors.	3
ITEM 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments.	3
ITEM 2.	Properties.	3
ITEM 3.	Legal Proceedings.	3
ITEM 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures.	3
PART II
ITEM 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.	4
ITEM 6.	Selected Financial Data.	4
ITEM 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.	5
ITEM 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.	14
ITEM 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.	F-1
ITEM 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.	15
ITEM 9A.	Controls and Procedures.	15
ITEM 9B.	Other Information.	16
PART III
ITEM 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.	17
ITEM 11.	Executive Compensation.	17
ITEM 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.	18
ITEM 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.	18
ITEM 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services.	19
PART IV
ITEM 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.	20

 

 

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements regarding our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates” and similar expressions or variations of such words are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but are not deemed to represent an all-inclusive means of identifying forward-looking statements as denoted in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Additionally, statements concerning future matters are forward-looking statements.

 

Although forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K reflect the good faith judgment of our management, such statements can only be based on facts and factors currently known by us. Consequently, forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties and actual results and outcomes may differ materially from the results and outcomes discussed in or anticipated by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences in results and outcomes include, without limitation, those specifically addressed under the headings “Risks Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” You are urged not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We file reports with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website (www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, including us. You can also read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. You can obtain additional information about the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.

 

We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect any event or circumstance that may arise after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, except as required by law. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made throughout the entirety of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which are designed to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

 

OTHER PERTINENT INFORMATION

 

Unless the context specifically states or implies otherwise, references in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to “we,” “us,” and words of like import refer to Mullan Agritech, Inc. (“Mullan Agritech”), its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Muliang Agricultural Limited (“Muliang HK”), Shanghai Mufeng Investment Consulting Co., Ltd (“Shanghai Mufeng”), Shanghai Muliang Industry Co., Ltd. (“Muliang Industry”), Shanghai Zongbao Environmental Construction Co., Ltd. (“Zongbao”), Shanghai Zongbao Environmental Construction Co., Ltd. Cangzhou Branch (“Zongbao Cangzhou”), Shanghai Muliang Agricultural Sales Co., Ltd. (“Muliang Sales”), Weihai Fukang Bio-Fertilizer Co., Ltd. (“Fukang”), Shanghai Muliang Agritech Development Co., Ltd. (“Agritech Development”), Muliang (Ningling) Bio-chemical Fertilizer Co. Ltd (“Ningling Fertilizer”), Yunnan Muliang Animal Husbandry Development Co., Ltd (“Yunnan Muliang”), and Zhonglian Huinong (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd (“Zhonglian”).

 

Our business is conducted in the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”). “RMB” refers to Renminbi, or the Yuan, the official currency of the PRC. Our consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In this Annual Report, we refer to assets, obligations, commitments and liabilities in our financial statements in U.S. dollars. These dollar references are based on the exchange rate of RMB to U.S. dollars, determined as of a specific date. Changes in the exchange rate will affect the amount of our obligations and the value of our assets in terms of U.S. dollars, which may result in an increase or decrease in the amount of our obligations (expressed in U.S. dollars) and the value of our assets.

 

 

PART I

  

Item 1.

Business.

 

We are principally engaged in the fertilizer and forage grass processing and distribution business in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”).

 

Through our patented technology, we process crop straw (including corn, rice, wheat, cotton, and other crops) into high quality organic nutritious fertilizer rich in small molecules, easily absorbed by crops in 3 hours. Straws are common agricultural by-product. In PRC, farmers usually burn the straw down to remove the straws efficiently in order to continue farming on the same land. This activities have resulted in serious air pollution and damage the surface structure of the soil. We change waste into treasure by recycling the straws into organic fertilizer, and effectively reduced air pollution. The straw organic fertilizer we produce does not contain the heavy metals, antibiotics, and harmful bacteria that is common in the traditional manure fertilizer. The organic matter content in our organic fertilizer is also much higher than the national standard. It can effectively reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and reduce the penetration of large chemical fertilizers and pesticides into the soil and thus avoid water pollution. Therefore, our fertilizer can effectively improve soil, improve soil fertility, and improve the quality and safety of agricultural products.

 

We also grow and produce a high-protein forage. Its output is very high, at 20-30 tons/mu (one mu equals to about 0.16 acres). In addition to its high yield, the forage is rich in nutrients, crude protein content (about 20%), calcium, zinc, iron, potassium and other elements. In particular, lysine content in amino acids is extremely high. Unsaturated fatty acids in fat reach more than 70%. Our forage grass as feed can reduce or even replaced the use of additives and antibiotics. The key is to better protect the safety of the meat. The forage grass can not only be used as a feed, but also as food for human beings’ consumption. It has potential in food and health product market. The company is currently researching and developing to use the grass extract to make plant protein powder and protein beverages.

 

We are committed to ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products as the center of the company’s industry. Therefore, we are actively evaluating and operating the sales of high-quality and safe agricultural products (food) while providing high-quality and safe straw organic fertilizer and high-quality protein forage for agricultural production. And has cooperated with the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, the Ministry of Agriculture, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, and other relevant departments of the state wisdom of large agriculture cooperation, operating and sales of national wisdom large agriculture certified quality traceable agricultural products (food), and plans to establish only sales quality can be guaranteed And agricultural products (food) electronic trading platform with safe shell traceability.

 

In addition, in 2014, we rented 350 mu (about 57.66 acres) of mountainous land as apple farm and use our own fertilizer, to demonstrate the advantages of our straw organic fertilizer. We have revenue of $6,501 for the year ended December 31, 2017 and haven’t had any revenue on the apple orchard for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 because our apple trees will not become commercially productive until 2019.

 

Currently, all of our production takes place in Weihai City, Shandong Province, PRC, including two completed new fertilizer plants, which have been in operations since August 2015. This new facilit was designed with 2 production lines, with total contractual payment of approximately $4.6 million or RMB 28 million. All of our fertilizer plants in Weihai City produced the straw organic fertilizer, which is our main product currently and in the future. We decided to make technological improvement for our existing straw organic fertilizer production lines in the following aspects: (1) adopt more advanced automatic control technology for raw material feed to shorten the feeding time of raw material, and (2) manufacture powdery organic fertilizer instead of granular organic fertilizer production in order to avoid the drying and cooling process. We estimated we would be able to increase our production capacity significantly through the technical improvement.

 

We also have fertilizer facility and new fertilizer plants in suburb of Shanghai City. The new plant located in Shanghai was completed in June 2016. This facility was designed with 4 production lines, with total contractual payment of approximately $11 million or RMB 67.7 million. While this facility has not been put in operations since its completion, part of the plant was rent to Huayu Sandian Automobile Air Conditioner Co. Ltd as warehouse from June 1, 2016 to May 31, 2017, with a total rent of $235,705. As we are not using the fertilizer plants in Shanghai City to manufacture straw organic fertilizer, we decided to rent all of the plants to Yu Shuai (Shanghai) Industrial Development Co., Ltd. as office and warehouse from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2017 with rent of $320,631 for the first year. The rent will increase by 10% every three years according to the agreement.

 

On October 16, 2017, we rent the land use right, located in Shanghai City, to China Huaxi Limited Company, from November 21, 2017 to November 20, 2027 with an area of 15 mu. The rent was $97,980 for the first year.

 

Our products are sold under our brand names “Zongbao,” “Fukang,” and “Muliang.” Our customers are mainly located in provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shandong.

 

History

  

Shanghai Muliang Industry Co., Ltd. (referred to herein as “Muliang Industry”) was incorporated in PRC on December 7, 2006 as a limited liability company, owned 95% by Lirong Wang and 5% by Zongfang Wang. Muliang Industry through its own operations and its subsidiaries is engaged in the business of developing, manufacturing, and selling organic fertilizers and bio-organic fertilizers for use in the agricultural industry.

 

On May 27, 2013, Muliang Industry entered into and consummated an equity purchase agreement whereby it acquired 99% of the outstanding equity of Weihai Fukang Bio-Fertilizer Co., Ltd. (“Fukang”), a corporation organized under the laws of the People’s Republic of China. Fukang was incorporated in Weihai City, Shandong Province on January 6, 2009. Fukang is focused on the distribution of organic fertilizers and the development of new bio-organic fertilizers. As a result of the completion of the transaction, Fukang became a 99% owned subsidiary of Muliang Industry, with the remaining 1% equity interest owned by Mr. Hui Song.

 

On July 11, 2013, Muliang Industry established a wholly owned subsidiary, Shanghai Muliang Agritech Development Co., Ltd. (“Agritech Development”) in Shanghai, China. On November 6, 2013, Muliang Industry sold 40% of the outstanding equity of Agritech Development to Mr. Jianping Zhang for consideration of approximately $65,000 or RMB 400,000. Agritech Development does not currently conduct any operations.

 

 

On July 17, 2013, Muliang Industry entered into an equity purchase agreement to acquire 100% of the outstanding equity of Shanghai Zongbao Environmental Construction Co., Ltd. (“Zongbao”) with consideration of approximately $3.2 million or RMB 20 million, effectively becoming the wholly-owned subsidiary of Muliang Industry. Zongbao was incorporated in Shanghai on January 25, 2008. Zongbao processes and distributes organic fertilizers. Zongbao wholly owns, Shanghai Zongbao Environmental Construction Co., Ltd. Cangzhou Branch (“Zongbao Cangzhou”).

 

On August 21, 2014, Muliang Agricultural Limited (“Muliang HK”) was incorporated in Hong Kong as an investment holding company.

 

January 27, 2015, Muliang HK incorporated a wholly foreign-owned enterprise, Shanghai Mufeng Investment Consulting Co., Ltd (“Shanghai Mufeng”), in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”).

 

On July 8, 2015, Mullan Agritech entered into certain stock purchase agreement with Muliang Agriculture, Inc., pursuant to which Mullan Agritech, for a consideration of $5,000, acquired 100% interest in Muliang HK and its wholly-owned subsidiary Shanghai Mufeng. Both Muliang HK and Shanghai Mufeng are controlled by the Company’s sole officer and director, Lirong Wang.

 

On July 23, 2015, Muliang Industry established a wholly owned subsidiary, Shanghai Muliang Agricultural Sales Co., Ltd. (“Muliang Sales”) in Shanghai, China.

 

On September 3, 2015, Mullan Agritech effected a split of its outstanding common stock resulting in an aggregate of 150,525,000 shares outstanding of which 120,000,000 were owned by Chenxi Shi the founder of Mullan Agritech and its sole officer and director. The remaining 30,525,000 were held by a total of 39 investors.

 

On January 11, 2016, Mullan Agritech issued 129,475,000 shares of its common stock to Lirong Wang for an aggregate consideration of $64,737.50. On the same date, Chenxi Shi, the sole officer and director of Mullan Agritech on that date, transferred 120,000,000 shares of the common stock of the Company held by him to Lirong Wang for $800 pursuant to a transfer agreement.

 

On February 10, 2016, Shanghai Mufeng entered into a set of contractual agreements known as Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) Agreements, including (1) Exclusive Technical Consulting and Service Agreement, (2) Equity Pledge Agreement, and (3) Call Option Cooperation Agreement, with Muliang Industry, and its Principal Shareholders. As a result of the Stock Purchase Agreement and the set of VIE Agreements, Shanghai Muliang Industry Co., Ltd., along with its consolidated subsidiaries, became entities controlled by Mullan Agritech whereby Mullan Agritech would derive all substantial economic benefit generated by Muliang Industry and its subsidiaries.

 

As a result, Mullan Agritech has a direct wholly-owned subsidiary, Muliang HK and an indirectly wholly owned subsidiary Shanghai Mufeng. Through its VIE Agreements, Mullan Agritech exercises control over Muliang Industry. Muliang Industry has two wholly-owned subsidiaries (Zongbao and Muliang Sales), one 99% owned subsidiary (Fukang), one 60% owned subsidiary (Agritech Development), and one indirectly wholly owned subsidiary Zongbao Cangzhou.

 

On June 6, 2016, Muliang Industry established a wholly-owned subsidiary, namely, Muliang (Ningling) Bio-chemical Fertilizer Co. Ltd (“Ningling Fertilizer”) in Henan Province, the central plain of China. Ningling Fertilizer is setup for a new production line of bio-chemical fertilizer and has not begun any operation yet.

  

On July 7, 2016, Muliang Industry established a subsidiary, namely, Zhonglian Huinong (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd (“Zhonglian”) in Beijing City, China. Muliang Industry owns 65% shares of Zhonglian, and a third-party company, Zhongrui Huilian (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd owns the other 35% shares. Zhonglian is to develop and operate online agricultural products trading platform.

 

 

On October 27, 2016, Muliang Industry established a subsidiary, namely, Yunnan Muliang Animal Husbandry Development Co., Ltd (“Yunnan Muliang”) in Yunnan Province, China. Muliang Industry owns 55% shares of Yunnan Muliang, and a third-party company, Shuangbai County Development Investment Co., Ltd. owns the other 45% shares. Yunnan Muliang was setup for the sales development of West China.

 

On October 12, 2017, the Company canceled the registration of Ningling with the administration authorities for Industry and Commerce. Ningling has historically been reported as a component of our operations and incurred $33,323 to loss before income taxes provisions for the year ended December 31, 2017. The termination does not constitute a strategic shift that will have a major effect on our operations or financial results and as such, the termination is not classified as discontinued operations in our consolidated financial statements.

  

Mullan Agritech, Muliang HK, Shanghai Mufeng, Muliang Industry, Zongbao, Zongbao Cangzhou, Muliang Sales, Fukang, Agritech Development, Ningling Fertilizer, Yunnan Muliang, and Zhonglian are referred to as subsidiaries the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries are collectively referred to herein as the “Company”, “we” and “us”, unless specific reference is made to an entity.

 

Item 1A.

Risk Factors.

 

Smaller reporting companies are not required to provide the information required by this item.

 

Item 1B.

Unresolved Staff Comments.

 

Smaller reporting companies are not required to provide the information required by this item.

 

Item 2.

Properties.

 

As of the date of this Annual Report, our principal executive office was at 2498 Wanfeng Highway, Lane 181, Fengjing Town, Jinshan District, Shanghai, China, and our telephone number is (86) 21-67355092. The office space belongs to our President and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Lirong Wang, who allows us to use the space for free.

 

Item 3.

Legal Proceedings.

 

To the best of our knowledge, there are no material pending legal proceedings to which we are a party or of which any of our property is the subject.  From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings, which arise, in the ordinary course of business.  However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business.

 

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures.

 

Not Applicable. 

 

  

PART II

 

Item 5.

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

 

Our common stock is currently quoted on OTCQB under the symbol “MHDG’”, however, there has been no established public trading market for our common stock. 

  

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low bid prices of our common stock.

 

		High				Low
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2018
First Quarter		$	5.4			$	5.4
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2017
First Quarter		$	5.4			$	5.4
Second Quarter		$	6			$	3.4
Third Quarter		$	5.01			$	4.07
Fourth Quarter		$	4.62			$	2.8
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2016
First Quarter		$	4			$	0.01
Second Quarter		$	4			$	3
Third Quarter		$	3.63			$	2.65
Fourth Quarter		$	3.1			$	3

 

Holders of Capital Stock

  

As of the date of this Annual Report, we had 942 holders of our common stock.

 

Stock Option Grants

 

We do not have a stock option plan in place and have not granted any stock options at this time.

 

Dividends

 

To date, we have not declared or paid any dividends on our common stock. We currently do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future on our common stock. Although we intend to retain our earnings, if any, to finance the exploration and growth of our business, our Board of Directors has the discretion to declare and pay dividends in the future.

 

Payment of dividends in the future will depend upon our earnings, capital requirements, and any other factors that our Board of Directors deems relevant.

 

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

 

There were no unregistered sales of the Company’s equity securities during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, that were not otherwise disclosed in a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or a Current Report on Form 8-K.

  

Item 6.

Selected Financial Data.

 

Smaller reporting companies are not required to provide the information required by this item.

  

 

Item 7.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation.

 

The information set forth in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of  Operations (“MD&A”) contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, among others (i) expected changes in our revenue and profitability, (ii) prospective business opportunities and (iii) our strategy for financing our business. Forward-looking statements are statements other than historical information or statements of current condition. Some forward-looking statements may be identified by use of terms such as “believes”, “anticipates”, “intends” or “expects”. These forward-looking statements relate to our plans, liquidity, ability to complete financing and purchase capital expenditures, growth of our business including entering into future agreements with companies, and plans to successfully develop and obtain approval to market our product. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs.

 

Although we believe that our expectations with respect to the forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions within the bounds of our knowledge of our business and operations, in light of the risks and uncertainties inherent in all future projections, the inclusion of forward-looking statements in this Annual Report should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that our objectives or plans will be achieved.

 

We assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect actual results or changes in factors or assumptions affecting forward-looking statements.

 

Our revenues and results of operations could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of numerous factors, including, but not limited to, the following: the risk of significant natural disaster, the inability of the our company to insure against certain risks, inflationary and deflationary conditions and cycles, currency exchange rates, and changing government regulations domestically and internationally affecting our products and businesses.

 

You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with the Financial Statements and Notes attached hereto, and the other financial data appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report.

 

US Dollars are denoted herein by “USD”, “$” and “dollars”.

 

 

Overview

 

During the period from our formation on November 2014 to October 2015, we did not generate any significant revenue, and accumulated no significant assets, as we explored various business opportunities.

 

On February 10, 2016, Muliang Industry Co., Ltd. (“Muliang Industry”) entered into an entrusted management agreement with Muliang Agriculture Ltd.’s wholly owned subsidiary, Shanghai Mufeng Investment Consulting Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Mufeng”), which provides that Shanghai Mufeng will be entitled to the full guarantee for the performance of such entrusted management agreement entered into by the Company. Muliang Agriculture Ltd. (“Muliang HK”) was incorporated in Hong Kong, PRC on August 21, 2014. Other than the equity interest in Shanghai Mufeng, Muliang HK does not own any assets or conduct any operations. Shanghai Mufeng is also entitled to receive the residual return of the Company. As a result of the agreement, Shanghai Mufeng will absorb 100% of the expected gains or losses of the Company, which results in Shanghai Mufeng being the primary beneficiary of the Company.

 

Shanghai Mufeng also entered into a pledge of equity agreement with the principal shareholders of the Company (the “Principal Shareholders”), who pledged all their equity interest in the entity to Shanghai Mufeng. The pledge of equity agreement, which were entered into by each Principal Shareholder, pledged each of the Principal Shareholders’ equity interest in the Company as a guarantee for the entrustment payment under the Entrusted Management Agreements. In addition, Shanghai Mufeng entered into an option agreement to acquire the Principal Shareholders’ equity interest in these entities if or when permitted by the PRC laws.

 

Based on these exclusive agreements, the Company will be treated as a variable interest entity (“VIE”) of Muliang HK as required by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“US GAAP”), because Muliang HK is the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The profits and losses of the Company are allocated based upon the Entrusted Management Agreement.

 

On February 10, 2016, we entered into a Share Exchange Agreement (the “Exchange Agreement”) with Muliang HK. Pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement, the shareholders of Muliang HK transferred to Mullan Agritech all of the Muliang HK Shares in exchange for the issuance of 150,525,000 shares of our common stock (the “Share Exchange”). As a result of the Share Exchange, Muliang HK became a wholly-owned subsidiary of us and the shareholders of Muliang HK acquired approximately 100% of our issued common shares.

  

The effect of the Share Exchange is such that effectively a reorganization of the entities has occurred for accounting purposes and is deemed to be a reverse acquisition. Subsequent to the Share Exchange the financial statements presented are those of a combined Muliang HK and its subsidiaries, including its VIE, Muliang Industry, as if the Share Exchange had been in effect retroactively for all periods presented. As previously noted the “Company” for financial statement purposes was the consolidation of Muliang HK, Shanghai Mufeng, Muliang Industry and Muliang Industry’s subsidiaries. Muliang Industry’s subsidiaries include its wholly-owned subsidiaries which are limited liability companies in People’s Republic of China (“PRC”), Shanghai Zongbao Environment Engineering Co., Ltd. (“Zongbao”) and Shanghai Muliang Agritech Development Co., Ltd. (“Agritech Development”); its 99% owned subsidiary, Weihai Fukang Bio-Fertilizer Co., Ltd. (“Fukang”), a PRC limited liability company, and Shanghai Muliang Agricultural Sales Co., Ltd. (Muliang Sales), a PRC limited liability company founded in July 2015.

 

 

Subsequent to the Share Exchange the “Company” is referred to as the consolidation of Muliang HK, Shanghai Mufeng, Muliang Industry, Zongbao, Fukang, Agritech Development, Muliang sales, and Mullan Agritech, with Mullan Agritech as the legal acquirer in Share Exchange, and subsequent to the Share Exchange the parent company of the consolidated entity. For financial reporting purposes, Muliang HK was considered the acquirer in such transaction.

 

We are principally engaged in the straw organic fertilizer and forage grass processing and distribution business in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). Currently, we manufactured all of our straw organic fertilizer in Weihai City, Shandong Province, PRC. From June 1, 2016 to May 31, 2017, part of the plant in Shanghai City was leased to Huayu Sandian Automobile Air Conditioner Co. Ltd. as warehouse for a total rent of $235,705.

 

Since Shanghai city has prohibited all fertilizer plants from manufacturing straw organic fertilizer, the Company decided to lease all of the plants to Yu Shuai (Shanghai) Industrial Development Co., Ltd. as office and warehouse from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2017 for a total rent of $320,631, for the first year. The rent will increase by 10% every three years according to the agreement. In addition, we leased the land use rights, located in Shanghai City, to China Huaxi Limited Company, from November 21, 2017 to November 20, 2027 with the rent of $97,980 for the first year.

 

In order to meet the future demand in straw organic fertilizer, we plan to increase our production capacity in Weihai City through technical improvement. And we have tried to increase our sales in powdery organic fertilizer, which has the advantage for customer and in production, compared with the granular organic fertilizer. We believed both of our sales and production in straw organic fertilizer will rapidly grow in the coming year.

 

Our products are sold under the “Zongbao”,“Fukang”, and “Muliang” brand name, and we mainly use “Zongbao” brand name currently. Our customers are mainly located in provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shandong.

 

On June 6, 2016, Muliang Industry established a wholly-owned subsidiary, namely, Muliang Ningling Bio-chemical Fertilizer Co. Ltd (“Ningling Fertilizer”) in Henan Province, the central plain of China. Ningling

 

On October 12, 2017, the Company ceased operation of Ningling Fertilizer and deregistered Ningling Fertilizer with the Administration for Industry and Commerce as the Land use right was not approved by the government. The Company closed Ningling Fertilizer with net assets of $2,275 and accumulated deficit of $34,739 as of October 12, 2017. The ceased operation does not constitute a strategic shift that will have a major effect on our operations or financial results and as such, the disposal is not classified as discontinued operations in our consolidated financial statements.

 

On July 7, 2016, Muliang Industry established a subsidiary, namely, Zhonglian Huinong (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd (Zhonglian) in Beijing City, China. Muliang Industry owns 65% shares of Zhonglian, and a third-party company, Zhongrui Huilian (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd owns the other 35% shares. Zhonglian is to develop and operate an online agricultural product trading platform.

 

On October 27, 2016, Muliang Industry established a subsidiary, namely, Yunnan Muliang Animal Husbandry Development Co., Ltd (“Yunnan Muliang”) in Yunnan Province, China. Muliang Industry owns 55% shares of Yunnan Muliang, and a third-party company, Shuangbai County Development Investment Co., Ltd. owns the other 45% shares.YunnanMuliang was setup for the sales development of West China.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. We evaluate, on an on-going basis, our estimates for reasonableness as changes occur in our business environment. We base our estimates on experience, the use of independent third-party specialists, and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

 

Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant judgments, estimates and uncertainties, and potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. We believe the following are our critical accounting policies:

 

 

Basis of Presentation

 

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or U.S. GAAP.

 

Going Concern

 

As reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, we had net accumulated deficit of $16,118,404 and $14,101,952 as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. Our cash balances as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were $9,051 and $17,213, respectively. We had short-term payable of $14.03 million at December 31, 2017 which would due in the next 12 months. In addition, we had a working capital deficit of $13,144,220 and $9,544,224 at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 respectively. These matters raise substantial doubt about the company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent on the Company’s ability to further implement its business plan, raise additional capital, and generate more revenues. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Mullan Agritech, Muliang HK, Shanghai Mufeng, Muliang Industry, Zongbao, Fukang, Agritech Development, Zongbao Cangzhou, Yunnan Muliang, Muliang Sales, Zhonglian ,and Ningling Fertilizer, prior to its being terminated on October 12, 2017. All intercompany transactions and account balances are eliminated in consolidation.

 

Use of Estimates

 

In preparing financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates, required by management, include the recoverability of long-lived assets and the valuation of inventories. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Accounts Receivable

 

We state accounts receivable at cost, net of allowance for doubtful accounts. Based on our past experience and current practice in the PRC, management provides for an 100% allowance for doubtful accounts equivalent to those accounts that are not collected within one year plus 50% for receivables outstanding for six months old. It is management’s belief that the current bad debt allowance adequately reflects an appropriate estimate based on management’s judgment.

 

Inventory Valuation

 

We value our fertilizer inventories at the lower of cost, determined on a weighted average basis, and net realizable value (the estimated market price). Substantially all inventory expenses, packaging and supplies are valued by the weighted average method.

 

 

Apple Orchard 

 

Apple Orchard consists primarily of rental for an apple farm, labor cost, fertilizers, apple seeds, apple seedlings and others. The costs to purchase and cultivate apple trees and the expenditures related to labor and materials to plant apple trees until they become commercially productive are capitalized, which require a 2-year period. The estimated production life for apple tree is 10 years, and the costs are amortized without a residual value. Expenses incurred maintaining apple trees during the growth cycle until seedling apple trees or grafted varieties are fruited are capitalized into inventory and included in Work in process—apple orchard, a component of inventories.

 

Amortized expenses pertaining to apple orchard are included in inventory costs for those apples to be sold and ultimately become a component of cost of goods sold. Similar to other assets, the failure of our apple orchard to be serviceable over the entirety of their anticipated useful lives or to be sold at their anticipated residual value will negatively impact our operating results.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Our revenue recognition policies are in compliance with Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) 104 (codified in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 605). Sales revenue is recognized after delivery is complete, customer acceptance of the product occurs and collectability is reasonably assured. Payments received before satisfaction of all relevant criteria for revenue recognition are recorded as unearned revenue. Unearned revenue consists of payments received from customers prior to customer acceptance of our products.

 

Sales revenue represents the invoiced value of goods, net of value-added tax, or VAT. Our products sold and services provided in China are subject to VAT of 13% of gross sales price. This VAT may be offset by VAT paid by us on raw materials and other materials included in the cost of producing the finished product. We recorded VAT payable and VAT receivable net of payments in the financial statements. The VAT tax return is filed offsetting the payables against the receivables.

 

Income Taxes

 

We account for income taxes in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” We compute our provision for income taxes based on the statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available to us in the PRC. Significant judgment is required in evaluating our tax positions and determining our annual tax position.

 

New Accounting Standards

 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08,”Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net)”. The amendments in this ASU are intended to improve the operability and understandability of the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations by amending certain existing illustrative examples and adding additional illustrative examples to assist in the application of the guidance. The effective date and transition of these amendments is the same as the effective date and transition of ASU 20140-9, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)”. Public entities should apply the amendments in ASU 2014-09 for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods therein. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting”. The amendments are effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. Several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment award transactions are simplified, including: (a) income tax consequences; (b) classification of awards as either equity or liabilities; and (c) classification on the statement of cash flows. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its financial statements.

 

 

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing”. The amendments add further guidance on identifying performance obligations and also to improve the operability and understandability of the licensing implementation guidance. The amendments do not change the core principle of the guidance in Topic 606. The effective date and transition requirements for the amendments are the same as the effective date and transition requirements in Topic 606. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its financial statements.

 

 In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients”. The amendments, among other things: (1) clarify the objective of the collectability criterion for applying paragraph 606-10-25-7; (2) permit an entity to exclude amounts collected from customers for all sales (and other similar) taxes from the transaction price; (3) specify that the measurement date for noncash consideration is contract inception; (4) provide a practical expedient that permits an entity to reflect the aggregate effect of all modifications that occur before the beginning of the earliest period presented when identifying the satisfied and unsatisfied performance obligations, determining the transaction price, and allocating the transaction price to the satisfied and unsatisfied performance obligations; (5) clarify that a completed contract for purposes of transition is a contract for which all (or substantially all) of the revenue was recognized under legacy GAAP before the date of initial application, and (6) clarify that an entity that retrospectively applies the guidance in Topic 606 to each prior reporting period is not required to disclose the effect of the accounting change for the period of adoption. The effective date of these amendments is at the same date that Topic 606 is effective. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13 (ASU 2016-13) “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss methodology, which will result in more timely recognition of credit losses. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which is intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The standard provides guidance in a number of situations including, among others, settlement of zero-coupon bonds, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, and distributions received from equity method investees. The ASU also provides guidance for classifying cash receipts and payments that have aspects of more than one class of cash flows. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-17, “Consolidation (Topic 810): Interests Held through Related Parties That Are under Common Control”. These amendments change the evaluation of whether a reporting entity is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity by changing how a reporting entity that is a single decision maker of a variable interest entity treats indirect interests in the entity held through related parties that are under common control with the reporting entity. If a reporting entity satisfies the first characteristic of a primary beneficiary (such that it is the single decision maker of a variable interest entity), the amendments require that reporting entity, in determining whether it satisfies the second characteristic of a primary beneficiary, to include all of its direct variable interests in a variable interest entity and, on a proportionate basis, its indirect variable interests in a variable interest entity held through related parties, including related parties that are under common control with the reporting entity. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity adopts the pending content that links to this paragraph in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash”. These amendments require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. As a result, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The amendments do not provide a definition of restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

 

In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-20, “Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers”. The amendments in ASU 2016-20 affect narrow aspects of the guidance issued in ASU 2014-09 including Loan Guarantee Fees, Contract Costs, Provisions for Losses on Construction-Type and Production-Type Contracts, Disclosure of Remaining Performance Obligations, Disclosure of Prior Period Performance Obligations, Contract Modifications, Contract Asset vs. Receivable, Refund Liabilities, Advertising Costs, Fixed Odds Wagering Contracts in the Casino Industry, and Costs Capitalized for Advisors to Private Funds and Public Funds. The effective date of these amendments are at the same date that Topic 606 is effective. Topic 606 is effective for public entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods therein (i.e., January 1, 2018, for a calendar year entity). The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued guidance, which simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairment. The updated guidance eliminates Step 2 of the impairment test, which requires entities to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill to measure a goodwill impairment charge. Instead, entities will record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value.

 

In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance, which amended the existing accounting standards for business combinations. The amendments clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses.

 

In August 2017, the FASB issued guidance, which amends the existing accounting standards for derivatives and hedging. The amendment improves the financial reporting of hedging relationships to better represent the economic results of an entity’s risk management activities in its financial statements and made certain targeted improvements to simplify the application of the hedge accounting guidance in current U.S. GAAP.

 

The Company believes that there were no other accounting standards recently issued that had or are expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

 

Results of Operations

 

Currently, majority of our revenue is derived from our organic fertilizer business. In 2017, we started promoting our powdery organic fertilizer more aggressively as it was easier to be absorbed by soil and plants, compared with the granular organic fertilizer.

 

In 2017, the Management also focused on planning and developing the forage grass planting business and the agricultural products (food) electronic trading platform with safe shell traceability. Despite both of these business generated no revenue for the year ended December 31, 2017. As a result, we have decided to buy a pasture with an area of 1,300 thousand mu (approximately 214 thousand acres), located in Qinghai Province, PRC.

 

Operation Result for the Years Ended December 31, 2017 and 2016

 

		For the Year  Ended December 31,
		2017				2016				Fluctuation
		$				$				$				%
Revenues			737,563				3,055,882				(2,318,319	)			-76	%
Cost of goods sold			591,236				2,578,392				(1,987,156	)			-77	%
Gross profit			146,327				477,490				(331,163	)			-69	%
Operating expenses:
General and administrative expenses			1,511,019				1,616,991				(105,972	)			-7	%
Selling expenses			163,042				259,162				(96,120	)			-37	%
Total operating expenses			1,674,061				1,876,153				(202,092	)			-11	%
Loss from operations			(1,527,734	)			(1,398,663	)			(129,071	)			9	%
Other income (expense):
Interest expense			(508,818	)			(307,201	)			(201,617	)			66	%
Subsidy income			-				1,454,161				(1,454,161	)			-100	%
Loss from disposal of fixed assets			-				(169,428	)			169,428				-100	%
Donation expense			-				(301,068	)			301,068				-100	%
Other income (expense), net			28,028				186,339				(158,311	)			-85	%
Total other income (expense)			(480,790	)			862,803				(1,343,593	)			-156	%
Loss before income taxes			(2,008,524	)			(535,860	)			(1,472,664	)			275	%
Income taxes			26,334				26,786				(452	)			-2	%
Net income (loss)			(2,034,858	)			(562,646	)			(1,472,212	)			262	%

 

 

Revenue. Total revenue decreased from $3,055,882 for the year ended December 31, 2016 to $737,563 for the year ended December 31, 2017, which represented a decrease of $2,318,319, or approximately 76%. The significant decrease in revenues was primarily due to the losing of some large customers in organic fertilizer business. In 2017, the Management spent more effort in planning the related and potential business, that is the forage grass planting, and the agricultural products (food) electronic trading platform with safe shell traceability. Furthermore the Management spent more time in promoting the powdery organic fertilizer other than the granular organic fertilizer. At the end of 2017, all of these new businesses developed on the right track. We believed we will grow the business with our product advantage and promotion effort of our management team.

 

Cost of sales. Cost of sales decreased from $2,578,392 for the year ended December 31, 2016 to $591,236 for the year ended December 31, 2017, which represented a decrease of approximately $1,987,156, or 77%. The significant decrease in cost of sales was in line with the significant decrease in our revenue from fertilizer sales for the same period.

 

Gross Profit. The gross profit decreased from $477,490 for the year ended December 31, 2016 to $146,327 for the year ended December 31, 2017. The gross margin increased from 16% to 20% during the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. We increased the prices temporarily for some products to re-position our products in the market which was the main reason for the higher gross margin for the year ended December 31, 2017.

 

Expenses. We incurred $163,042 in selling expenses for the year ended December 31, 2017, representing a decrease of $96,120, or 37%, compared to $259,162 for the year ended December 31, 2016. We incurred $1,511,019 in general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2017, representing a decrease of $105,972, or 7%, compared to $1,616,991 for the year ended December 31, 2016. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $202,092, or 11% for the year ended December 31 2017 as compared to the same period in 2016. The decrease in our selling expenses was mainly due to the decrease in employees’ expense for selling promotion. Our general and administrative expenses maintained stable despite our temporary drop in revenue.

 

Interest income (expense). We incurred $508,818 in interest expense during the year ended December 31, 2017, compared with interest expense of $307,201 for the year ended December 31, 2016. The increase in interest expense was mainly due to the higher interest rate for some bank loans for the year ended December 31, 2017.

 

Net Loss. Our net loss was $2,034,858 for the year ended December 31, 2017, compared with net loss of $562,646 for the year ended December 31, 2016, representing a significant increase of $1,472,212 in net loss. The increase in net loss were due to the decrease in gross profit, the increase in interest expense despite the decrease in selling expense for the year ended December 31, 2017.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Liquidity is the ability of a company to generate funds to support its current and future operations, satisfy its obligations and otherwise operate on an ongoing basis. At December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 our working capital deficit was $13,144,220 and $9,544,224, respectively. The significant increase in our capital deficit was reflecting more and more of our short term liability was used to support our long-term assets.

 

We have financed our operations over the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 primarily through cash from borrowings under our lines of credit with various lenders and related parties in the PRC.

 

 

The components of cash flows are discussed below:

 

		For the Years Ended December 31,
		2017				2016
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		$	(1,715,588	)		$	5,273,598
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities			(651	)			(6,082,192	)
Net cash provided by financing activities			1,708,331				777,998
Exchange rate effect on cash			(254	)			34,592
Net cash inflow (outflow)		$	(8,162	)		$	3,996

  

Cash provided by (used in) Operating Activities

 

Net cash used in operating activities was $1,715,588 for the year ended December 31, 2017. Cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2017 consisted primarily of net loss of $2,034,858 which was adjusted by depreciation and amortization of $649,976. The Company had a decrease of $1,339,649 in account payable, an increase of $268,096 in prepaid expense, an increase of $46,077 in other receivable, which were offset by an increase of $1,042,996 in other payable, a decrease of $ 143,989 in inventory.

 

Net cash provided by operating activities was $5,273,598 for the year ended December 31, 2016. Cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 consisted primarily of net loss of $562,646 which was adjusted by depreciation and amortization of $303,522, bad debt expense of $152,040, loss from disposal of fixed assets of $169,428. The Company had an increase of $3,127,298 in accounts payable and accrued payables, an increase of $2,293,066 in other payables, a decrease of $249,503 in other receivable, which were offset by an increase of $195,792 in accounts receivable, and an increase of $166,950 in prepaid expense.

 

Cash provided by (used in) Investing Activities

 

Net cash used in investing activities was $651 for the year ended December 31, 2017. The investments included purchase of biological assets of $651.

 

Net cash used in investing activities was $6,082,192 for the year ended December 31, 2016. The activities consisted of our investments of $3,098,286 in the new fertilizer factory construction projects in Shanghai City, purchase of plant and equipment of $1,217,423, the purchase of apple orchard of $328,877, and the advance to our related party of $1,438,063 for the year ended December 31, 2016. Our Weihai factory was completed in May 2015 and put in operations in August 2015. The construction project was completed and $10,507,535 was transferred to fixed asset.

 

Cash Provided by Financing Activities

 

Net cash provided by financing activities was $1,708,331 for the year ended December 31, 2017. During the year, cash provided by financing activities included capital borrowed from related parties of $2,191,534, and Proceeds from short-term loans of $547,580, which were partly offset by repayments of $1,030,783 in our short-term loans.

 

Net cash provided by financing activities was $777,998 for the year ended December 31, 2016. During the period, cash used in financing activities consisted of the proceeds from short term loan of $1,204,274, proceeds of $398,128 in capital borrowed from related parties, and proceeds of common stock issuance of $63,748, offset by repayment of $888,152 in long term loan.

 

 

We anticipate that our current cash reserves plus cash from our operating activities will not be sufficient to meet our ongoing obligations and fund our operations for the next twelve months. As a result, we will need to seek additional funding in the near future. We currently do not have a specific plan of how we will obtain such funding; however, we anticipate that additional funding will be in the form of equity financing from the sale of shares of our common stock or renewing our current obligations with loaners. We may also seek to obtain short-term loans from our directors or unrelated parties. Additional funding may not be available, or at acceptable terms, to us at this time. If we are unable to obtain additional financing, we may be required to reduce the scope of our business development activities, which could harm our business plans, financial condition and operating results.

 

Contractual Commitments and Commitments for Capital Expenditure

 

Contractual Commitments

 

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations at December 31, 2017 and the effect those obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods.

 

		Payments Due by Period as of December 31, 2017
		Total				Less than 1 Year				1 – 3 Years				3 – 5 Years				Over 5 Years
Contractual obligations
Loans		$	7,259,775			$	2,157,107			$	5,102,668			$	—			$	—
Others			—				—				—				—				—
		$	7,259,775			$	2,157,107			$	5,102,668			$	—			$	—

 

Commitments for Capital Expenditure

 

None.

 

Off Balance Sheet Items

 

Under SEC regulations, we are required to disclose off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, such as changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors. An off-balance sheet arrangement means a transaction, agreement or contractual arrangement to which any entity that is not consolidated with us is a party, under which we have:

 

	●	any obligation under certain guarantee contracts,
	●	any retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity or similar arrangement that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to that entity for such assets,
	●	any obligation under a contract that would be accounted for as a derivative instrument, except that it is both indexed to our stock and classified in shareholder equity in our statement of financial position, and
	●	any obligation arising out of a material variable interest held by us in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to us, or engages in leasing, hedging or research and development services with us.

 

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that we are required to disclose pursuant to these regulations. In the ordinary course of business, we enter into operating lease commitments, purchase commitments and other contractual obligations. These transactions are recognized in our financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.

 

Item 7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

 

Smaller reporting companies are not required to provide the information required by this item.

 

 

Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

   

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

	PAGE
Report of Independent Registered Accounting Firm	F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets	F-3
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss	F-4
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	F-7 – F-25

 

 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

To:	The Board of Directors and Stockholders of
	Mullan Agritech, Inc.

  

Opinion on the Financial Statements

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Mullan Agritech, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years ended December 31, 2017, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company had incurred substantial losses during the year, and has a working capital deficit, which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plan in regards to this matters are described in Note 1. These financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

 

Basis for Opinion

 

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

 

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

WWC, P.C.

Certified Public Accountants

 

San Mateo, CA

April 17, 2018

 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since March 15, 2016.

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

		December 31,				December 31,
		2017				2016
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	9,051			$	17,213
Accounts receivable, net			358,516				455,383
Inventories			412,648				526,778
Prepaid expenses			23,076				12,774
Other receivables, net			67,597				18,501
Due from related party			-				1,375,788
Total Current Assets			870,888				2,406,437
Property, plant and equipment, net			16,216,429				15,897,093
Intangible assets, net			2,505,967				2,404,684
Other assets and deposits			454,771				174,091
Total Assets		$	20,048,055			$	20,882,305
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Short-term loans		$	159,074			$	-
Current portion of long-term debt			1,998,033				1,152,124
Accounts payable and accrued payables			3,975,899				5,162,402
Advances from customers			21,986				8,611
Other payables			3,501,567				2,264,864
Due to related party			4,358,548				3,362,660
Total Current Liabilities			14,015,107				11,950,661
Long-term loans			5,102,668				6,120,656
Total Liabilities			19,117,775				18,071,317
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 280,000,000 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.			28,000				28,000
Additional paid in capital			16,795,185				16,795,185
Accumulated deficit			(16,118,404	)			(14,101,952	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income			240,402				92,466
Stockholders’ Equity - Mullan Agritech Inc. and Subsidiaries			945,183				2,813,699
Non-controlling interest			(14,903	)			(2,711	)
Total Stockholders’ Equity			930,280				2,810,988
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity		$	20,048,055			$	20,882,305

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

 

		For the Year Ended
		December 31,
		2017				2016
Revenues		$	737,563			$	3,055,882
Cost of goods sold			591,236				2,578,392
Gross profit			146,327				477,490
Operating expenses:
General and administrative expenses			1,511,019				1,616,991
Selling expenses			163,042				259,162
Total operating expenses			1,674,061				1,876,153
Loss from operations			(1,527,734	)			(1,398,663	)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense			(508,818	)			(307,201	)
Subsidy income			-				1,454,161
Loss from disposal of fixed assets			-				(169,428	)
Donation expense			-				(301,068	)
Other income (expense), net			28,028				186,339
Total other income (expense)			(480,790	)			862,803
Loss before income taxes			(2,008,524	)			(535,860	)
Income taxes			26,334				26,786
Net loss			(2,034,858	)			(562,646	)
Net income (loss) attributable to Non-controlling interest			(18,406	)			4,008
Net loss attributable to common stockholders			(2,016,452	)			(566,654	)
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized foreign currency translation adjustment			147,936				294,747
Total Comprehensive loss		$	(1,868,516	)		$	(267,899	)
Loss per common share
Basic and diluted		$	(0.01	)		$	-
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic			280,000,000				276,452,740
Diluted			280,000,000				276,452,740

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

  

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

		Common Stock								Additional Paid-in				Accumulated				Accumulated Other Comprehensive				Non-controlling
		Shares				Amount				Capital				Deficit				Income (Loss)				Interest				Total
Balance, December 31, 2015			150,525,000				15,053				16,743,394				(13,535,298	)			(200,358	)			(8,642	)			3,014,149
Issuance of common shares for cash proceeds			129,475,000				12,947				51,791				-				-				-				64,738
Net income			-				-				-				(566,654	)			-				4,008				562,646
Foreign currency translation adjustment			-				-				-				-				292,654				1,923				294,747
Balance, December 31, 2016			280,000,000				28,000				16,795,185				(14,101,952	)			92,466				(2,711	)			2,810,988
Establishment of a controlling subsidiary			-				-				-				-				-				6,214				6,214
Net income			-				-				-				(2,016,452	)							(18,406	)			(2,034,858	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment			-				-				-				-				147,936				-				147,936
Balance, December 31, 2017			280,000,000				28,000				16,795,185				(16,118,404	)			240,402				(14,903	)			930,280

 

  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

  

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

		For the years ended
		December 31,
		2017				2016
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss		$	(2,034,858	)		$	(562,646	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization			649,976				303,522
Bad debt expense			104,888				152,040
Loss from disposal of fixed assets			-				169,428
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Restricted cash			1,063				-
Accounts receivable			17,859				(195,792	)
Accounts receivable - related party			-				63,228
Inventories			143,989				(15,061	)
Advances to suppliers			-				1,906
Prepaid expenses			(268,096	)			(166,950	)
Other receivables			(46,077	)			249,503
Accounts payable and accrued payables			(1,339,649	)			3,127,298
Accounts payable - related party			-				(146,884	)
Advances from customers			12,321				940
Other payables			1,042,996				2,293,066
Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities			(1,715,588	)			5,273,598
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchase of plant and equipment			-				(1,217,423	)
Due to related party			-				(1,438,063	)
Purchase of apple orchard			(651	)			(328,877	)
Investment in construction in progress			-				(3,098,286	)
Net cash used in investing activities			(651	)			(6,082,649	)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Repayment of short-term loans			(1,030,783	)			-
Repayment of long-term loans			-				(888,152	)
Capital borrowed from related parties			2,191,534				398,128
Proceeds from short-term loans			547,580				1,204,274
Proceeds of common stock issuance			-				63,748
Net cash provided by financing activities			1,708,331				777,998
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH			(254	)			34,592
NET (DECREASE)/INCREASE IN CASH			(8,162	)			3,996
CASH, BEGINNING OF YEAR			17,213				13,217
CASH, END OF YEAR		$	9,051			$	17,213
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES:
Cash paid during the period for:
Cash paid for interest expense, net of capitalized interest		$	589,163			$	307,201
Cash paid for income tax		$	-			$	26,786
NON-CASH TRANSACTIONS OF INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Construction in progress transferred to plant and equipment			-				10,406,609

  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS

 

Mullan Agritech, Inc. formerly known as M & A Holding Corporation. (“Mullan Agritech”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on November 5, 2014. Mullan Agritech’s core business activities of developing, manufacturing, and selling organic fertilizers and bio-organic fertilizers for use in agricultural industry are conducted through several indirectly owned subsidiaries in China.

 

On June 9, 2016, Mullan Agritech filed a Certificate of Amendment to its Articles of Incorporation (the “Amendment”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada, changing its name from “M & A Holding Corporation,” to “Mullan Agritech, Inc.”

 

On July 11, 2016, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) effected in the marketplace the change of the corporate name from “M & A Holding Corporation,” to “Mullan Agritech, Inc.”, and effective on such date. Mullan Agritech trades under its new name, Mullan Agritech, Inc.

 

History

 

Shanghai Muliang Industry Co., Ltd. (referred to herein as “Muliang Industry”) was incorporated in PRC on December 7, 2006 as a limited liability company, owned 95% by Lirong Wang and 5% by Zongfang Wang. Muliang Industry through its own operations and its subsidiaries is engaged in the business of developing, manufacturing, and selling organic fertilizers and bio-organic fertilizers for use in the agricultural industry.

 

On May 27, 2013, Muliang Industry entered into and consummated an equity purchase agreement whereby it acquired 99% of the outstanding equity of Weihai Fukang Bio-Fertilizer Co., Ltd. (“Fukang”), a corporation organized under the laws of the People’s Republic of China. Fukang was incorporated in Weihai City, Shandong Province on January 6, 2009. Fukang is focused on the distribution of organic fertilizers and the development of new bio-organic fertilizers. As a result of the completion of the transaction, Fukang became a 99% owned subsidiary of Muliang Industry, with the remaining 1% equity interest owned by Mr. Hui Song.

 

On July 11, 2013, Muliang Industry established a wholly owned subsidiary, Shanghai MuliangAgritech Development Co., Ltd. (“Agritech Development”) in Shanghai, China. On November 6, 2013, Muliang Industry sold 40% of the outstanding equity of Agritech Development to Mr. Jianping Zhang for consideration of approximately $65,000 or RMB 400,000. Agritech Development does not currently conduct any operations.

 

On July 17, 2013, Muliang Industry entered into an equity purchase agreement to acquire 100% of the outstanding equity of Shanghai Zongbao Environmental Construction Co., Ltd. (“Zongbao”) with consideration of approximately $3.2 million or RMB 20 million, effectively becoming the wholly-owned subsidiary of Muliang Industry. Zongbao was incorporated in Shanghai on January 25, 2008. Zongbao processes and distributes organic fertilizers. Zongbao wholly owns, Shanghai Zongbao Environmental Construction Co., Ltd. Cangzhou Branch (“Zongbao Cangzhou”).

 

On August 21, 2014, Muliang Agricultural Limited (“Muliang HK”) was incorporated in Hong Kong as an investment holding company.

 

January 27, 2015, Muliang HK incorporated a wholly foreign-owned enterprise, Shanghai Mufeng Investment Consulting Co., Ltd (“Shanghai Mufeng”), in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”).

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

  

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

On July 8, 2015, Mullan Agritech entered into certain stock purchase agreement with Muliang Agriculture, Inc., pursuant to which Mullan Agritech, for a consideration of $5,000, acquired 100% interest in Muliang HK and its wholly-owned subsidiary Shanghai Mufeng. Both Muliang HK and Shanghai Mufeng are controlled by the Company’s sole officer and director, Lirong Wang.

 

On July 23, 2015, Muliang Industry established a wholly owned subsidiary, Shanghai Muliang Agricultural Sales Co., Ltd. (“Muliang Sales”) in Shanghai, China.

 

On September 3, 2015, Mullan Agritech effected a split of its outstanding common stock resulting in an aggregate of 150,525,000 shares outstanding of which 120,000,000 were owned by Chenxi Shi the founder of Mullan Agritech and its sole officer and director. The remaining 30,525,000 were held by a total of 39 investors.

 

On January 11, 2016, Mullan Agritech issued 129,475,000 shares of its common stock to Lirong Wang for an aggregate consideration of $64,737.50. On the same date, Chenxi Shi, the sole officer and director of Mullan Agritech on that date, transferred 120,000,000 shares of the common stock of the Company held by him to Lirong Wang for $800 pursuant to a transfer agreement.

 

On February 10, 2016, Shanghai Mufeng entered into a set of contractual agreements known as Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) Agreements, including (1) Exclusive Technical Consulting and Service Agreement, (2) Equity Pledge Agreement, and (3) Call Option Cooperation Agreement, with Muliang Industry, and its Principal Shareholders. As a result of the Stock Purchase Agreement and the set of VIE Agreements, Shanghai Muliang Industry Co., Ltd., along with its consolidated subsidiaries, became entities controlled by Mullan Agritech whereby Mullan Agritech would derive all substantial economic benefit generated by Muliang Industry and its subsidiaries.

 

As a result, Mullan Agritech has a direct wholly-owned subsidiary, Muliang HK and an indirectly wholly owned subsidiary Shanghai Mufeng. Through its VIE Agreements, Mullan Agritech exercises control over Muliang Industry. Muliang Industry has two wholly-owned subsidiaries (Zongbao and Muliang Sales), one 99% owned subsidiary (Fukang), one 60% owned subsidiary (Agritech Development), and one indirectly wholly owned subsidiary Zongbao Cangzhou.

 

On June 6, 2016, Muliang Industry established a wholly-owned subsidiary, namely, Muliang (Ningling) Bio-chemical Fertilizer Co. Ltd (“Ningling Fertilizer”) in Henan Province, the central plain of China. Ningling Fertilizer, with registered capital of RMB 20,000,000, is setup for a new production line of bio-chemical fertilizer and has not begun any operation yet. Ningling Fertilizer was subsequently deregistered as the Company had no further plans to begin operations.

 

On July 7, 2016, Muliang Industry established a subsidiary, namely, Zhonglian Huinong (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. (“Zhonglian”) in Beijing, China. Muliang Industry owns 65% shares of Zhonglian, and a third-party company, Zhongrui Huilian (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. owns the other 35% shares. Zhonglian, with registered capital of RMB 10,000,000, was established to develop and operate an online agricultural products trading platform.

 

On October 27, 2016, Muliang Industry established a wholly-owned subsidiary, Yunnan Muliang Animal Husbandry Development Co., Ltd. (“Yunnan Muliang”) in Yunnan Province, China. Muliang Industry owns 55% shares of Yunnan Muliang, and a third-party company, Shuangbai County Development Investment Co., Ltd. owns the other 45% shares. Yunnan Muliang, with registered capital of RMB 20,000,000, was established for the development of sales in the western region of China.

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Muliang HK, Shanghai Mufeng, Muliang Industry, Zongbao, Zongbao Cangzhou, Muliang Sales, Fukang, Agritech Development, Ningling Fertilizer, Mullan Agritech, Zhonglian, and Yunnan Muliang are referred to as subsidiaries the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries are collectively referred to herein as the “Company”, “we” and “us”, unless specific reference is made to an entity.

 

The consolidated financial statements were prepared assuming that the Company has controlled Muliang HK and its intermediary holding companies, operating subsidiaries, and variable interest entities: Shanghai Mufeng, Muliang Industry, Zongbao, Zongbao Cangzhou, Muliang Sales, Fukang, and Agritech Development, from the first period presented. The transactions detailed above have been accounted for as reverse takeover transaction and a recapitalization of the Company; accordingly, the Company (the legal acquirer) is considered the accounting acquiree and Muliang HK (the legal acquiree) is considered the accounting acquirer. No goodwill has been recorded. As a result of this transaction, the Company is deemed to be a continuation of the business of Muliang HK, Shanghai Mufeng, and Muliang Industry.

 

Liquidity and Going Concern

 

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going-concern basis. The going-concern basis assumes that assets are realized and liabilities are extinguished in the ordinary course of business at amounts disclosed in the financial statements. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern depends upon the liquidation of current assets. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company reported net loss of $2,034,858 and $562,646, respectively. The Company had working capital deficit of approximately $13.14 million and $9.54 million as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. In addition, the Company had net cash outflows of $1,715,588 and net inflow of $5,273,598 from its operating activities during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. The Company incurred a loss from operation of $2,034,858 for the years ended December 31, 2017, which was mainly due to the significant decrease in revenue. These conditions raise a substantial doubt as to whether the Company may continue as a going concern.

 

In an effort to improve its financial position, the Company is working to obtain new loans from banks and related parties, renew its current loans, and to improve its operations upon its new fertilizer factories start to operate. In 2015, the Company obtained capital contribution of approximately $16 million from its shareholders which successfully improved the Company’s financial position as of December 31, 2017.

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with US GAAP. The basis of accounting differs from that used in the statutory accounts of the Company, which are prepared in accordance with the accounting principles of the PRC (“PRC GAAP”). The differences between US GAAP and PRC GAAP have been adjusted in these consolidated financial statements. The Company’s functional currency is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”); however, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been translated and presented in United States Dollars (“USD”).

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of these financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Accordingly, actual results may differ from these estimates. Significant estimates include the useful lives of property and equipment, land use rights, assumptions used in assessing collectability of receivables and impairment for long-term assets.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

Mullan Agritech consolidates the following entities, including wholly-owned subsidiaries, Muliang HK, Shanghai Mufeng, and its wholly controlled variable interest entities, Muliang Industry, and Zhongbao, 60% controlled Agritech Development, 99% controlled Fukang, 65% controlled Zhonglian and 55% controlled Yunnan Muliang. The 40% equity interest holder of Agritech Development, 1% equity interest holders in Fukang, 35% equity interest holders in Zhonglian, and 45% interest in Yunnan Muliang are accounted as non-controlling interest in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

The variable interest entities consolidated for which the Company is deemed the primary beneficiary. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Control by Principal Stockholders

 

The Company’s directors and executive officers and their affiliates or related parties own, beneficially and in the aggregate, the majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Accordingly, if our directors and executive officers and their affiliates or related parties vote their shares uniformly, they would have the ability to control the approval of most corporate actions, including increasing our authorized capital stock and the dissolution or merger of our company or the sale of our assets.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

For purposes of the statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less and money market accounts to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash with various financial institutions.

 

Accounts Receivable

 

Accounts receivable are presented net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses. The Company reviews the accounts receivable on a periodic basis and makes general and specific allowances when there is doubt as to the collectability of individual balances. In evaluating the collectability of individual receivable balances, the Company considers many factors, including the age of the balance, a customer’s historical payment history, its current credit-worthiness and current economic trends. Accounts are written off after exhaustive efforts at collection.

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

  

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Inventories

 

Inventories, consisting of raw materials, work in process and finished goods related to the Company’s products are stated at the lower of cost or market utilizing the weighted average method.

 

Property, Plant and Equipment

 

Plant and equipment are carried at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The cost of repairs and maintenance is expensed as incurred; major replacements and improvements are capitalized. When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gains or losses are included in income in the year of disposition. The Company examines the possibility of decreases in the value of fixed assets when events or changes in circumstances reflect the fact that their recorded value may not be recoverable.

 

Included in property and equipment is construction-in-progress which consisted of factory improvements and machinery pending installation and includes the costs of construction, machinery and equipment, and any interest charges arising from borrowings used to finance these assets during the period of construction or installation of the assets. No provision for depreciation is made on construction-in-progress until such time as the relevant assets are completed and ready for their intended use.

 

Estimated useful lives of the Company’s assets are as follows:

 

		Useful Life
Building		20 years
Operating equipment		5-10 years
Vehicle		3-5 years
Electronic equipment		3-20 years
Office equipment		3-20 years
Apple orchard		10 years

 

The apple orchard includes rental for an apple farm, labor cost, fertilizers, apple seeds, apple seedlings and others. The costs to purchase and cultivate apple trees and the expenditures related to labor and materials to plant apple trees until they become commercially productive are capitalized, which require a two-year period. The estimated production life for apple tree is 10 years, and the costs are depreciated without a residual value. Expenses incurred maintaining apple trees during the growth cycle until seedling apple trees or grafted varieties are fruited are capitalized into inventory and included in Work in process—apple orchard, a component of inventories.

 

Depreciation expenses pertaining to apple trees will be included in inventory costs for those apples to be sold and ultimately become a component of cost of goods sold. Similar to other assets, the failure of our apple trees to be serviceable over the entirety of their anticipated useful lives or to be sold at their anticipated residual value will negatively impact our operating results.

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

  

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Intangible Assets

 

Included in the intangible assets are land use rights and non-patented technology. According to the laws of the PRC, the government owns all the land in the PRC. Companies or individuals are authorized to possess and use the land only through land use rights granted by the Chinese government. Intangible assets are being amortized using the straight-line method over their lease terms or estimated useful life.

 

Estimated useful lives of the Company’s intangible assets are as follows:

 

		Useful Life
Land use rights		50 years
Non-patented technology		10 years

 

The Company carries intangible assets at cost less accumulated amortization. In accordance with US GAAP, the Company examines the possibility of decreases in the value of intangible assets when events or changes in circumstances reflect the fact that their recorded value may not be recoverable. The Company computes amortization using the straight-line method over estimated useful life of 50 years for the land use rights.

 

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

 

In accordance with ASC Topic 360, the Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable, or at least annually. The Company recognizes an impairment loss when the sum of expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset. The amount of impairment is measured as the difference between the asset’s estimated fair value and its book value. The Company recorded no impairment charge for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

 

Advances from Customers

 

Advances from customers consist of prepayments from customers for merchandise that had not yet been shipped. The Company will recognize the deposits as revenue as customers take delivery of the goods and title to the assets is transferred to customers in accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policy.

 

Non-controlling Interest

 

Non-controlling interests in the Company’s subsidiaries are recorded in accordance with the provisions of ASC 810 and are reported as a component of equity, separate from the parent’s equity. Purchase or sale of equity interests that do not result in a change of control are accounted for as equity transactions. Results of operations attributable to the non-controlling interest are included in our consolidated results of operations and, upon loss of control, the interest sold, as well as interest retained, if any, will be reported at fair value with any gain or loss recognized in earnings.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Pursuant to the guidance of ASC Topic 605, the Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the purchase price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. The Company recognizes revenues from the sale of its fertilizer products and environmental protection equipment upon shipment and transfer of title.

 

Pursuant to the guidance of ASC Topic 840, rent shall be reported as income by lessors over the lease term as it becomes receivable. The Company currently leased part of the building of the Shanghai new plant to a third party as warehouse. The Company recognizes building leasing revenue over the beneficial period described by the agreement, as the revenue is realized or realizable and earned.

 

The Company recognized rental income from leasing a portion of its manufacturing facility located in Shanghai to a third party. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, rental income of $248,431 and $167,257 were recognized as other income.

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Cost of Sales

 

Cost of goods sold consists primarily of raw materials, utility and supply costs consumed in the manufacturing process, manufacturing labor, depreciation expense and direct overhead expenses necessary to manufacture finished goods as well as warehousing and distribution costs such as inbound freight charges, shipping and handling costs, purchasing and receiving costs.

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of Section 740-10-30 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, which is an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in its financial statements or tax returns.

 

The Company is subject to the Enterprise Income Tax law (“EIT”) of the People’s Republic of China. The Company’s operations in producing and selling fertilizers are subject to the 25% enterprise income tax.

 

Related Parties

 

Parties are considered to be related to the Company if the parties, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, control, are controlled by, or are under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. The Company discloses all related party transactions.

 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

Comprehensive income (loss) comprised of net income (loss) and all changes to the statements of stockholders’ equity, except those due to investments by stockholders, changes in paid-in capital and distributions to stockholders. The Company’s comprehensive income (loss) consist of net income (loss) and unrealized gains from foreign currency translation adjustments.

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

The Company’s functional currency is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”); however, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been translated and presented in United States Dollars (“USD”). Results of operations and cash flows are translated at average exchange rates during the period, assets and liabilities are translated at the unified exchange rate at the end of the period, and equity is translated at historical exchange rates. As a result, amounts relating to assets and liabilities reported on the statements of cash flows may not necessarily agree with the changes in the corresponding balances on the balance sheets. Translation adjustments resulting from the process of translating the local currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are included in determining comprehensive income/loss. The translation adjustment for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was gains of $151,892 and $294,747, respectively. Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing on the transaction dates. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date with any transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred.

 

All of the Company’s revenue transactions are transacted in the functional currency. The Company does not enter into any material transaction in foreign currencies. Transaction gains or losses have not had, and are not expected to have, a material effect on the results of operations of the Company.

 

Asset and liability accounts at December 31, 2017 and 2016 were translated at 6.5064 RMB to $1 USD and 6.9437 RMB to $1 USD, respectively, which were the exchange rates on the balance sheet dates. The average translation rates applied to the statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were 6.7570 RMB and 6.6430 RMB to $1 USD, respectively.

 

Earnings (Loss) per Share

 

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, excluding the effects of any potentially dilutive securities. Diluted earnings per share gives effect to all dilutive potential of shares of common stock outstanding during the period including stock options or warrants, using the treasury stock method (by using the average stock price for the period to determine the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options or warrants), and convertible debt or convertible preferred stock, using the if-converted method. Earnings per share excludes all potential dilutive shares of common stock if their effect is anti-dilutive. There were no potential dilutive securities at December 31, 2017 and 2016.

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The Company adopted the guidance of ASC Topic 820 for fair value measurements which clarifies the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, and establishes a fair value hierarchy to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

 

Level 1-Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities available at the measurement date.

 

Level 2-Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.

 

Level 3-Inputs are unobservable inputs which reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions on what assumptions the market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best available information.

 

The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, inventories, advances to suppliers, prepaid expenses, short-term loans, accounts payable, accrued expenses, advances from customers, VAT and service taxes payable and income taxes payable approximate their fair market value based on the short-term maturity of these instruments.

 

ASC Topic 825-10 “Financial Instruments” allows entities to voluntarily choose to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value (fair value option). The fair value option may be elected on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable, unless a new election date occurs. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, unrealized gains and losses for that instrument should be reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. The Company did not elect to apply the fair value option to any outstanding instruments.

 

The following table summarizes the carrying values of the Company’s financial instruments:

 

		December 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
Short term loan		$	159,074			$	-
Current portion of long-term loan			1,998,033				1,152,124
Long term loan			5,102,668				6,120,656
		$	7,259,775			$	7,272,780

 

Government Contribution Plan

 

Pursuant to the laws applicable to PRC law, the Company is required to participate in a government-mandated multi-employer defined contribution plan pursuant to which certain retirement, medical and other welfare benefits are provided to employees. Chinese labor regulations require the Company to pay to the local labor bureau a monthly contribution at a stated contribution rate based on the monthly basic compensation of qualified employees. The relevant local labor bureau is responsible for meeting all retirement benefit obligations; the Company has no further commitments beyond its monthly contribution.

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Statutory Reserve

 

Pursuant to the laws applicable to the PRC, the Company must make appropriations from after-tax profit to the non-distributable “statutory surplus reserve fund”. Subject to certain cumulative limits, the “statutory surplus reserve fund” requires annual appropriations of 10% of after-tax profit until the aggregated appropriations reach 50% of the registered capital (as determined under accounting principles generally accepted in the PRC (“PRC GAAP”) at each year-end). For foreign invested enterprises and joint ventures in the PRC, annual appropriations should be made to the “reserve fund”. For foreign invested enterprises, the annual appropriation for the “reserve fund” cannot be less than 10% of after-tax profits until the aggregated appropriations reach 50% of the registered capital (as determined under PRC GAAP at each year-end). If the Company has accumulated loss from prior periods, the Company is able to use the current period net income after tax to offset against the accumulate loss.

 

Segment Information

 

The standard, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” codified with ASC-280, requires certain financial and supplementary information to be disclosed on an annual and interim basis for each reportable segment of an enterprise. The Company believes that it operates in two business segments and in one geographical segment (China), as all of the Company’s current operations are carried in China.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncement

 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08,”Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net)”. The amendments in this ASU are intended to improve the operability and understandability of the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations by amending certain existing illustrative examples and adding additional illustrative examples to assist in the application of the guidance. The effective date and transition of these amendments is the same as the effective date and transition of ASU 20140-9, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)”. Public entities should apply the amendments in ASU 2014-09 for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods therein. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting”. The amendments are effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. Several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment award transactions are simplified, including: (a) income tax consequences; (b) classification of awards as either equity or liabilities; and (c) classification on the statement of cash flows. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its financial statements.

 

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing”. The amendments add further guidance on identifying performance obligations and also to improve the operability and understandability of the licensing implementation guidance. The amendments do not change the core principle of the guidance in Topic 606. The effective date and transition requirements for the amendments are the same as the effective date and transition requirements in Topic 606. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its financial statements.

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncement (CONTINUED)

 

In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients”. The amendments, among other things: (1) clarify the objective of the collectability criterion for applying paragraph 606-10-25-7; (2) permit an entity to exclude amounts collected from customers for all sales (and other similar) taxes from the transaction price; (3) specify that the measurement date for noncash consideration is contract inception; (4) provide a practical expedient that permits an entity to reflect the aggregate effect of all modifications that occur before the beginning of the earliest period presented when identifying the satisfied and unsatisfied performance obligations, determining the transaction price, and allocating the transaction price to the satisfied and unsatisfied performance obligations; (5) clarify that a completed contract for purposes of transition is a contract for which all (or substantially all) of the revenue was recognized under legacy GAAP before the date of initial application, and (6) clarify that an entity that retrospectively applies the guidance in Topic 606 to each prior reporting period is not required to disclose the effect of the accounting change for the period of adoption. The effective date of these amendments is at the same date that Topic 606 is effective. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13 (ASU 2016-13) “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss methodology, which will result in more timely recognition of credit losses. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which is intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The standard provides guidance in a number of situations including, among others, settlement of zero-coupon bonds, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, and distributions received from equity method investees. The ASU also provides guidance for classifying cash receipts and payments that have aspects of more than one class of cash flows. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-17, “Consolidation (Topic 810): Interests Held through Related Parties That Are under Common Control”. These amendments change the evaluation of whether a reporting entity is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity by changing how a reporting entity that is a single decision maker of a variable interest entity treats indirect interests in the entity held through related parties that are under common control with the reporting entity. If a reporting entity satisfies the first characteristic of a primary beneficiary (such that it is the single decision maker of a variable interest entity), the amendments require that reporting entity, in determining whether it satisfies the second characteristic of a primary beneficiary, to include all of its direct variable interests in a variable interest entity and, on a proportionate basis, its indirect variable interests in a variable interest entity held through related parties, including related parties that are under common control with the reporting entity. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity adopts the pending content that links to this paragraph in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncement (CONTINUED)

 

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash”. These amendments require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. As a result, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The amendments do not provide a definition of restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-20, “Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers”. The amendments in ASU 2016-20 affect narrow aspects of the guidance issued in ASU 2014-09 including Loan Guarantee Fees, Contract Costs, Provisions for Losses on Construction-Type and Production-Type Contracts, Disclosure of Remaining Performance Obligations, Disclosure of Prior Period Performance Obligations, Contract Modifications, Contract Asset vs. Receivable, Refund Liabilities, Advertising Costs, Fixed Odds Wagering Contracts in the Casino Industry, and Costs Capitalized for Advisors to Private Funds and Public Funds. The effective date of these amendments are at the same date that Topic 606 is effective. Topic 606 is effective for public entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods therein (i.e., January 1, 2018, for a calendar year entity). The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued guidance, which simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairment. The updated guidance eliminates Step 2 of the impairment test, which requires entities to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill to measure a goodwill impairment charge. Instead, entities will record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value.

 

In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance, which amended the existing accounting standards for business combinations. The amendments clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses.

 

In August 2017, the FASB issued guidance, which amends the existing accounting standards for derivatives and hedging. The amendment improves the financial reporting of hedging relationships to better represent the economic results of an entity’s risk management activities in its financial statements and made certain targeted improvements to simplify the application of the hedge accounting guidance in current U.S. GAAP.

 

The Company believes that there were no other accounting standards recently issued that had or are expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

 

NOTE 3 – ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

 

Accounts receivable consisted of the following:

 

		December 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
Accounts receivable		$	683,758			$	675,737
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts			(325,242	)			(220,354	)
Total, net		$	358,516			$	455,383

 

The Company reviews the accounts receivable on a periodic basis and makes general and specific allowances when there is doubt as to the collectability of individual balances. After evaluating the collectability of individual receivable balances, the Company recognized bad debt allowance of $104,888 and $152,040 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 4 – INVENTORIES

 

Inventories consisted of the following:

 

		December 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
Raw materials		$	118,198			$	155,685
Finished goods			294,450				371,093
Total, net		$	412,648			$	526,778

 

NOTE 5 – OTHER RECEIVABLES

 

Other receivable consisted of the following:

 

		December 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
Employee’s portion of social benefits		$	7,728			$	6,886
Utilities receivables			5,472				1,312
Employee advances			4,996				3,102
Loan to unrelated party			46,108				7,201
Others			3,293				-
			67,597				18,501
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts			-				-
		$	67,597			$	18,501

 

The Company reviews the other receivables on a periodic basis and makes general and specific allowances when there is doubt as to the collectability of individual balances. After evaluating the collectability of individual receivable balances, the Company did not take allowance for other receivables as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

 

NOTE 6 – PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

 

Property, plant and equipment at December 31, 2017 and 2016 consisted of:

 

		December 31,				December 31,
		2017				2016
Building		$	13,603,224			$	12,746,521
Operating equipment			2,968,880				2,798,754
Vehicle			58,492				78,139
Office equipment			18,500				19,203
Apple Orchard			1,029,230				921,729
			17,678,326				15,642,617
Less: accumulated depreciation			(1,461,897	)			(667,253	)
		$	16,216,429			$	15,897,093

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 6 – PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (CONTINUED)

 

For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, depreciation expense amounted to $575,190 and $245,429, respectively. Depreciation is not taken during the period of construction or equipment installation. Upon completion of the installation of manufacturing equipment or any construction in progress, construction in progress balances will be classified to their respective property and equipment category.

 

For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, no amortization expense of the apple orchard was reported.

 

During the years ended December 31, 2016, the Company disposed operating equipment at a total cost of $435,030, with a $264,438 accumulated depreciation for proceeds of $12,309, in resulting total loss on disposal of $169,428.

 

An organic fertilizer processing facility, located in Shanghai, was completed in June 2016, with the annual production capacity of 100,000 tons organic fertilizers. The facility was designed with 4 production lines, with total contractual payment of approximately $11 million or RMB 67.7 million.

 

NOTE 7 – INTANGIBLE ASSETS

 

Intangible assets consisted of the following:

 

		December 31,				December 31,
		2017				2016
Land use rights		$	2,279,140			$	2,691,505
Non-patented technology			608,632				14,401
			2,887,772				2,705,906
Less: accumulated amortization			(381,805	)			(301,222	)
		$	2,505,967			$	2,404,684

 

For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, amortization of intangible assets amounted to $74,786 and $38,473, respectively.

 

NOTE 8 – BANK LOAN

 

Short-term loan of $159,074 represents balance due to Shanghai Jinshan Limin Micro Loan Co., Ltd., with annual interest rate of 16%. This loan was borrowed on March 3, 2017 and due on March 2, 2018. 

 

Current portion of long-term loans amounted to $1,998,033 representing balance due to Agricultural Bank of China amounting to $1,998,033, with an annual interest rate of 5.70% + (HongkongInterBank Offered Rate (“HIBOR” )).

 

Long-term loans represent amounts due to lenders that are due more than one year, which consisted of the following:

 

		December 31,				December 31,
		2017				2016
Loan payable to Agricultural Bank of China, annual interest rate of 5.70% + HIBOR, due by August 25, 2019.		$	3,381,286			$	6,120,656
Loan payable to Rushan City Rural Credit Union, annual interest 8.3125%, due by July 25, 2019.			1,152,711				-
Loan payable to Song, Hui			568,671				-
Total		$	5,102,668			$	6,120,656

 

As of December 31, 2017, the Company’s future loan obligations according to the terms of the loan agreement are as follows:

 

Year 1		$	2,157,107
Year 2			5,102,668
Total		$	7,259,775

  

The long-term bank loan with Agricultural Bank of China was collateralized with land use rights and guaranteed by Mr. Lirong Wang, the CEO. 

 

The Company recognized interest expenses of $508,818 and $307,201 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 9 – STOCKHOLDERS DEFICIT

 

Authorized Stock

 

The Company has authorized 500,000,000 common shares with a par value of $0.0001 per share.  Each common share entitles the holder to one vote, in person or proxy, on any matter on which action of the stockholders of the corporation is sought.

 

On September 3, 2015, the Board of Directors affected a forward split of the outstanding common stock the Company, such that each share of outstanding common stock be converted into 15 shares of common stock as of September 3, 2015, the record date. All relevant information relating to numbers of shares and per share information have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split for all periods presented

 

Common Share Issuances

 

On January 11, 2016, pursuant to an Investment Agreement, the Company issued 129,475,000 shares of its common stock for cash consideration of $64,738.

 

As of December 31, 2017, the Company have 280,000,000 common shares outstanding.

 

Paid-in Capital

 

For the year ended December 31, 2015, the owner of the Company has contributed capital of $1,621,337 as paid-in capital of the Company and converted debt of $14,303,150 into paid-in capital of the Company.

 

NOTE 10 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

* Account receivable and sales from related parties

 

The Company did not make sales to any related party for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. And the Company has no account receivable balance as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

 

* Account payable and purchase from related parties

 

The Company did not purchase material or service from related parties for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

 

* Due from Related Parties

 

		December 31, 2017				December 31, 2016				Relationship
Shanghai Aoke Chemicals Co., Ltd.		$	-			$	1,375,788			The Company’s CEO is one of Aoke’s shareholders
Total		$	-			$	1,375,788

 

On June 30, 2016, the Company sold an environmental protection equipment to Shanghai Aoke Chemicals Co., Ltd., the Company’s CEO is one of Aoke’s shareholders, for $1,187,362 as a one-time trade. The Company recognized a gain of $32,342 on the sale as other income. The receivable of $1,375,788 for this transaction, including VAT, was collected in 2017.

 

Balances due from related parties are due on demand, non-interest bearing and without maturity date. The Company have no other due from related party balance as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 10 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)

 

* Due to related party

 

Balance due to related parties below are advances from related parties for working capital of the Company which are due on demand, non-interest bearing and without maturity date.

 

		December 31,				December 31,
		2017				2016				Relationship
Mr. Lirong Wang			4,025,356				2,583,713			The CEO and Chairman of the Company
Ms. Hui Song			-				534,807			Former management team members
Ms. Xueying Sheng			230,730				243,996			The CFO of the Company
Mr. Guohua Lin			102,462				144			One of the Company’s shareholders
Total			4,358,548				3,362,660

 

NOTE 11 – DISPOSAL OF SUBSIDIARY

 

On October 12, 2017, the Company ceased operation of its 100% owned subsidiary Ningling Fertilizer and deregistered Ningling Fertilizer with the Administration for Industry and Commerce. The Company closed Ningling Fertilizer with net assets of $2,275 and accumulated deficit of $34,739 as of October 12, 2017. The ceased operation does not constitute a strategic shift that will have a major effect on our operations or financial results and as such, the disposal is not classified as discontinued operations in our consolidated financial statements. The loss from the investment of the subsidiary has been recorded in other expenses.

 

NOTE 12 – CONCENTRATIONS

 

Customers Concentrations

 

The following table sets forth information as to each customer that accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenues for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

 

		For the year ended December 31,
Customers		2017								2016
		Amount				%				Amount				%
A			358,710				48	%			N/A				N/A
B			92,446				12	%			N/A				N/A

 

Suppliers Concentrations

 

The following table sets forth information as to each supplier that accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s purchase for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

 

		For the year ended December 31,
Suppliers		2017								2016
		Amount				%				Amount				%
A			N/A				N/A				2,023,849				76	%
B			212,453				46	%			N/A				N/A
C			49,578				11	%			N/A				N/A

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

NOTE 12 – CONCENTRATIONS (CONTINUED)

 

Credit Risks

 

The Company’s operations are carried out in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environment in the PRC, and by the general state of the PRC’s economy. The Company’s operations in the PRC are subject to specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.

 

Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and trade accounts receivable. Substantially all of the Company’s cash is maintained with state-owned banks within the PRC, and none of these deposits are covered by insurance. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any risks on its cash in bank accounts. A significant portion of the Company’s sales are credit sales which are primarily to customers whose ability to pay is dependent upon the industry economics prevailing in these areas; however, concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivables is limited due to generally short payment terms. The Company also performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers to help further reduce credit risk. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company’s cash balances by geographic area were as follows:

 

		December 31,								December 31,
		2017								2016
United States		$	-				0	%		$	-				0	%
China			9,051				100	%			17,213				100	%
Total cash and cash equivalents		$	9,051				100	%		$	17,213				100	%

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

  

NOTE 13 – INCOME TAXES

 

United States

 

Mullan Agritech is established in the State of Nevada in the United States and is subject to Nevada State and US Federal tax laws. Mullan Agritech has approximately $102,000 of unused net operating losses (“NOLs”) available for carrying forward to future years for U.S. federal income tax reporting purposes. The benefit from the carry forward of such NOLs will begin expiring during the year ended December 31, 2034. Because United States tax laws limit the time during which NOL carry forwards may be applied against future taxable income, the Company may be unable to take full advantage of its NOLs for federal income tax purposes should the Company generate taxable income. Further, the benefit from utilization of NOL carry forwards could be subject to limitations due to material ownership changes that could occur in the Company as it continues to raise additional capital. Based on such limitations, the Company has significant NOLs for which realization of tax benefits is uncertain.

 

On December 22, 2017, the United States enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”) resulting in significant modifications to existing law. The Company has considered the accounting impact of the effects of the Act during the year ended December 31, 2017 including a reduction in the corporate tax rate from 34% to 21% among other changes.

 

Hong Kong

 

Muliang HK is established in Hong Kong and its income is subject to a 16.5% profit tax rate for income sourced within the country. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, Muliang HK did not earn any income derived in Hong Kong, and therefore was not subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax.

 

China, PRC

 

Shanghai Mufeng and its subsidiaries Muliang Industry, Zongbao, Zongbao Cangzhou, Muliang Sales, Fukang, Agritech Development, Ningling, Zhongliang and Yunnan Muliang are established in China and its income is subject to income tax rate of 25%.

 

The reconciliation of effective income tax rate as follows:

 

		For the Years Ended
		December 31,				December 31,
		2017				2016
US Statutory income tax rate			35	%			35	%
Lower rates in PRC, net			(10	)%			(10	)%
Valuation allowance			(25	)%			(25	)%
Total			-				-

 

All of our entities incurred a net loss for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, except Weihai Fukang generated a net income of $1,328,879 for the year ended December 31, 2016. The income tax expense of $26,786 represents the income tax of Weihai Fukang for the year ended December 31, 2016.

 

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the Company’s net deferred tax assets as follows: 

 

		December 31,				December 31,
		2017				2016
PRC income tax at statutory rate			2,931,920				535,228
Less: valuation allowance			(2,931,920	)			(535,228	)
Net deferred tax asset			-				-

 

 

MULLAN AGRITECH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

  

NOTE 13 – INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED)

 

The following tables provide the reconciliation of the differences between the statutory and effective tax expenses for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:

 

		For the Years Ended
		December 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
Income attributed to PRC		$	(2,034,858	)		$	(562,646	)
Loss attributed to US			-				-
Income before tax			(2,034,858	)			(562,646	)
PRC Statutory Tax at 25% Rate			26,324				26,786
Effect of tax exemption granted			-				-
Income tax		$	26,324			$	26,786
Per Share Effect of Tax Exemption
Effect of tax exemption granted		$	-			$	-
Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding Basic			280,000,000				276,452,740
Per share effect		$	-			$	-

 

NOTE 14 – BUSINESS SEGMENTS

 

The revenues and cost of goods sold from operation consist of the following:

 

		Revenues								Cost of Sales
		For the Years Ended								For the Years Ended
		December 31,				December 31,				December 31,				December 31,
		2017				2016				2017				2016
Fertilizer and forage grass		$	731,512			$	3,055,882			$	492,385			$	2,578,392
Apple orchard			6,501				-				98,851				-
Total		$	737,563			$	3,055,882			$	591,236			$	2,578,392

 

NOTE 15 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

 

The Company evaluates subsequent events that have occurred after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued. There are two types of subsequent events: (1) recognized, or those that provide additional evidence with respect to conditions that existed at the date of the balance sheet, including the estimates inherent in the process of preparing financial statements, and (2) non-recognized, or those that provide evidence with respect to conditions that did not exist at the date of the balance sheet but arose subsequent to that date.

 

   

Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

 

There have been no changes in or disagreements with accountants on accounting or financial disclosure matters.

 

Item 9A.

Controls and Procedures.

  

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”), the Company carried out an evaluation, with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (the Company’s principal executive officer and interim principal accounting officer), of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including Chief Executive Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company. Our internal control system was designed to, in general, provide reasonable assurance to the Company’s management and board regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements, but because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

Our management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017. The framework used by management in making that assessment was the criteria set forth in the document entitled “Internal Control – Integrated Framework” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO – 2013 Framework). Based on that assessment, based on that evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective, as of December 31, 2017. This was due to deficiencies that existed in the design or operation of our internal control over financial reporting that adversely affected our internal controls and that amounted to material weaknesses.

 

 

The matters involving internal control over financial reporting that our management considered to be material weaknesses under the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board were: (1) lack of a functioning audit committee due to a lack of a majority of independent members and a lack of a majority of outside directors on our board of directors, resulting in ineffective oversight in the establishment and monitoring of required internal controls and procedures; (2) inadequate segregation of duties consistent with control objectives of having segregation of the initiation of transactions, the recording of transactions and the custody of assets; and (3) ineffective controls over period end financial disclosure and reporting processes.  The aforementioned material weaknesses were identified by our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer in connection with the review of our financial statements as of December 31, 2017.

 

To address the material weaknesses set forth in items (2) and (3) discussed above, management performed additional analyses and other procedures to ensure that the financial statements included herein fairly present, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented.

 

Management’s Remediation Initiatives

 

In an effort to remediate the identified material weaknesses and other deficiencies and enhance our internal controls, we plan to initiate, the following series of measures:

 

We plan to increase our personnel resources and technical accounting expertise within the accounting function when funds are available to us. First, we plan to create a position to segregate duties consistent with control objectives of having separate individuals perform (i) the initiation of transactions, (ii) the recording of transactions and (iii) the custody of assets. Second, we will create a senior position to focus on financial reporting and standardizing and documenting our accounting procedures with the goal of increasing the effectiveness of the internal controls in preventing and detecting misstatements of accounting information. Third, we plan to appoint one or more outside directors to our board of directors who shall be appointed to an audit committee resulting in a fully functioning audit committee who will undertake the oversight in the establishment and monitoring of required internal controls and procedures such as reviewing and approving estimates and assumptions made by management when funds are available to us.

 

Management believes that the appointment of one or more outside directors, who shall be appointed to a fully functioning audit committee, will remedy the lack of a functioning audit committee and a lack of a majority of outside directors on our Board. We did not implement the said remedial measures during the period ended December 31, 2017. We anticipate that these remedial measures will be implemented when our financial conditions permit.

 

Changes in Internal Controls over financial reporting

 

No change in our internal control over financial reporting occurred during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

Item 9B.

Other Information.

 

None.

 

 

PART III

 

Item 10.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

 

The following table sets forth certain information with respect to our directors, executive officers and significant employees:

 

Name		Age		Position
Lirong Wang		44		President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Director

  

Lirong Wang.  

 

Mr. Wang has been the sole officer and director of the Company since January 11, 2016. Mr. Wang has also been the President of Mullan Agritech, Inc., a publicly listed company, since August 2013. Mr. Wang has also been the Chairman and CEO of Shanghai Muliang Industries Co., Ltd. since December 2006. From November 2002 to November 2006, Mr. Wang was general manager of Shanghai Aoke Chemical Products Co., Ltd. Mr. Wang received his bachelor degree in storage management from Harbin University of Commerce in 1996.

 

Although our sole officer and director Mr. Wang holds positions with Mullan Agritech, Inc., we do not believe that his positions with Mullan presents a conflict of interest in his capacity as our officer and director.

 

Term of Office

 

Our directors are appointed for a one-year term to hold office until the next annual general meeting of our shareholders or until removed from office in accordance with our bylaws. Our officers are appointed by our board of directors and hold office until removed by the board.

 

Family Relationships

 

There are no family relationships between any of our directors or executive officers.

 

Certain Legal Proceedings

 

To our knowledge, no director, nominee for director, or executive officer of the Company has been a party in any legal proceeding material to an evaluation of his ability or integrity during the past ten years.

 

Code of Ethics

 

The company has not adopted a Code of Ethics applicable to its Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer.

 

Item 11.

Executive Compensation.

 

The following summary compensation table sets forth the compensation earned by our named executive officers for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. 

 

Summary Compensation Table

 

Name and Principal Position		Fiscal Year				Salary ($)				Bonus ($)				Stock Awards ($)(1)				All Other Compensation ($)				Total ($)
Lirong Wang			2017				18,443				0				0				0				18,443
President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary, and Treasurer			2016				18,443				0				0				0				18,443

  

Compensation of Directors

  

Directors are permitted to receive fixed fees and other compensation for their services as directors. The Board of Directors (which currently consists solely of Lirong Wang) has the authority to fix the compensation of directors. No amounts have been paid to, or accrued to, directors in such capacity.

 

Employment Agreements

 

Currently, we do not have an employment agreement in place with our officers and directors.

 

 

Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

 

The following table provides information as to shares of common stock beneficially owned as of April 3, 2018, by:

 

	●	each director;
	●	each named executive officer;
	●	each person known by us to beneficially own at least 5% of our common stock; and
	●	all directors and executive officers as a group.

 

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC. Unless otherwise indicated below, to our knowledge, the persons and entities named in the table have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to all shares beneficially owned (subject to community property laws where applicable).  Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each beneficial owner listed below is 1958 Qianming East Road, Fengjing, Jinshan District, Shanghai, China.

  

Name		Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership				Percent of  Class (1)
Lirong Wang			181,119,756				64.686	%
All Executives and Directors as a group (1 persons)			181,119,756				64.686	%
Other 5% shareholders: None

 

(1) Applicable percentages are based on 280,000,000 shares outstanding as of April 3, 2018 adjusted as required by rules of the SEC. Beneficial ownership is determined under the rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. Shares of common stock subject to options, warrants and convertible notes currently exercisable or convertible, or exercisable or convertible within 60 days are deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of the person holding such securities but are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of any other person. Unless otherwise indicated in the footnotes to this table, Company believes that each of the shareholders named in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares of common stock indicated as beneficially owned by them.

 

Item 13.

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

 

* Account receivable and sales from related parties

  

The Company did not make sales to any related party for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. And the Company has no account receivable balance as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

 

* Account payable and purchase from related parties

 

The Company did not purchase material or service from related parties for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

 

* Due from Related Parties

 

		December 31, 2017				December 31, 2016				Relationship
Shanghai Aoke Chemicals Co., Ltd.		$	-			$	1,375,788			The Company’s CEO is one of Aoke’s shareholders
Mr. Lirong Wang			17,026				-			The CEO and Chairman of the Company
Mr. Guohua Lin			924				-			One of the Company’s shareholders
Total		$	17,950			$	1,375,788

 

On June 30, 2016, the Company sold an environmental protection equipment to Shanghai Aoke Chemicals Co., Ltd., the Company’s CEO is one of Aoke’s shareholders, for $1,187,362 as a one-time trade. The Company recognized a gain of $32,342 on the sale as other income. The receivable of $1,375,788 for this transaction, including VAT, was collected in 2017.

  

The Company advanced $28,479 to Mr. Lirong Wang, and received $11,453 during the year ended December 31, 2017. And the Company also advanced $982 to Mr. Guohua Lin during the year ended December 31, 2017.

 

 

Balances due from related parties are due on demand, non-interest bearing and without maturity date. The Company have no other due from related party balance as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

  

Independence of the Board of Directors

 

For a director to be “independent” under these standards, the Board must affirmatively determine that the director has no material relationship with us, either directly or as a partner, shareholder, or officer of an organization that has a relationship with us. Applying corporate governance standards, and all other applicable laws, rules and regulations, the Board of Directors has determined that none of our directors are independent. This does not constitute an independent board of directors.

 

Item 14.

Principal Accounting Fees and Services.

 

Audit Fees

 

The aggregate fees billed for each of the last two fiscal years for professional services rendered by the principal accountant for the audit of the Company’s annual financial statements and review of financial statements included in the Company’s Form 10-K or 10-Q or services that are normally provided by the accountant in connection with statutory and regulatory filings was $75,500 and $75,500 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

  

Audit Related Fees

 

There were no fees for audit related services for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

 

Tax Fees

 

For the Company’s fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, we were not billed for professional services rendered for tax compliance, tax advice, and tax planning.

 

All Other Fees

 

The Company understood fees related to services rendered by our financial consultant for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

  

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

Effective May 6, 2003, the Securities and Exchange Commission adopted rules that require that before our auditor is engaged by us to render any auditing or permitted non-audit related service, the engagement be:

 

●

approved by our audit committee; or

 

●

entered into pursuant to pre-approval policies and procedures established by the audit committee, provided the policies and procedures are detailed as to the particular service, the audit committee is informed of each service, and such policies and procedures do not include delegation of the audit committee’s responsibilities to management.

 

We do not have an audit committee. Our entire board of directors pre-approves all services provided by our independent auditors. The pre-approval process has just been implemented in response to the new rules. Therefore, our board of directors does not have records of what percentage of the above fees were pre-approved. However, all of the above services and fees were reviewed and approved by the entire board of directors either before or after the respective services were rendered. 

  

 

PART IV

  

Item 15.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

 

(a)   The following documents are filed as part of this report:

  

(1)   Financial Statements:

 

The audited balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2017, the related statements of operations and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended, the footnotes thereto, and the report of WWC, P.C., independent auditors, are filed herewith.

 

(2)   Financial Schedules:

 

None

 

Financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are either not applicable or the required information is included in the financial statements or notes hereto.

 

(3)   Exhibits:

 

The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Report.

 

(b)   The following are exhibits to this Report and, if incorporated by reference, we have indicated the document previously filed with the SEC in which the exhibit was included.

 

Certain of the agreements filed as exhibits to this Report contain representations and warranties by the parties to the agreements that have been made solely for the benefit of the parties to the agreement. These representations and warranties:

 

	●	may have been qualified by disclosures that were made to the other parties in connection with the negotiation of the agreements, which disclosures are not necessarily reflected in the agreements;
	●	may apply standards of materiality that differ from those of a reasonable investor; and
	●	were made only as of specified dates contained in the agreements and are subject to subsequent developments and changed circumstances.

 

Accordingly, these representations and warranties may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date that these representations and warranties were made or at any other time. Investors should not rely on them as statements of fact.

 

Exhibit Number		Description
31.1*		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1+		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101. INS		XBRL Instance Document.
101. SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101. CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101. LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101. PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
101. DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

 

* Filed herewith

 

+ In accordance with SEC Release 33-8238, Exhibit 32.1 is being furnished and not filed.  

 

 

SIGNATURES

  

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

  

	MULLAN AGRITECH, INC.
Date: April 17, 2018	By:	/s/ Lirong Wang
		Lirong Wang
		Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Executive Officer, Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature		Title		Date
/s/ Lirong Wang		President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary, Treasurer, and Director		April 17, 2018
Lirong Wang		(Principal Executive Officer, Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 

 

 

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