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Exhibit 3.1

AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

KRYSTAL BIOTECH, INC.

Krystal Biotech, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under and by virtue of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “Corporation”),

DOES HEREBY CERTIFY:

FIRST: That the name of the Corporation is Krystal Biotech, Inc. The original Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on March 31, 2017.

SECOND: That by unanimous written consent of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, filed with the minutes of the Corporation, resolutions were duly adopted setting forth the proposed amendment and restatement of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, attached hereto as Exhibit A, and declaring said amendment and restatement to be advisable. The resolution setting forth the proposed amendment and restatement is as follows:

RESOLVED, that the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation be, and it hereby is, amended and restated in its entirety to read as set forth in the attached Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.

THIRD: That thereafter, pursuant to resolution of its Board of Directors, the stockholders of the Corporation took action by executing a written consent in lieu of a meeting in accordance with Section 228 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware to approve said amendment and restatement. The holders of a majority of the outstanding stock of the Corporation and a majority of the outstanding stock of each class of stock of the Corporation entitled to consent thereto, including but not limited to a majority of the Series Seed Preferred Stock of the Corporation, each voting as a separate class and voting together as a single class, have granted written consent with respect to such stock in favor of said amendment and restatement.

FOURTH: That said amendment and restatement was duly adopted in accordance with the provisions of Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation amends and restates the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be signed by its duly authorized officer, as of this 7th day of August, 2017.

 

KRYSTAL BIOTECH, INC.

 

By:  

/s/ Krish S. Krishnan

  Chief Executive Officer

 


ARTICLE 1

The name of the Corporation is Krystal Biotech, Inc. (the “Corporation”).

ARTICLE 2

The address of the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is 1209 Orange Street, in the City of Wilmington, 19801, County of New Castle. The name of its registered agent at such address is The Corporation Trust Company.

ARTICLE 3

The nature of the business of the Corporation and the objects or purposes to be transacted, promoted or carried on by it are to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

ARTICLE 4

1. Classes of Stock

A. Classes of Stock. The Corporation is authorized to issue two classes of stock to be designated, respectively, “Common Stock” and “Preferred Stock.” The total number of shares which the Corporation is authorized to issue is 3,100,000 shares, 1,600,000 shares of which shall be Common Stock of the Corporation, par value $0.00001 per share (the “Common Stock”) and 1,500,000 shares of which shall be Preferred Stock of the Corporation, par value $0.00001 per share (the “Preferred Stock”). The number of authorized shares of Common Stock may be increased or decreased by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon (voting together as a single class on an as-converted basis); provided that the number of authorized and unissued shares of Common Stock must remain equal to or greater than the number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding.

B. Preferred Stock. 39,914 of the authorized shares of Preferred Stock are hereby designated “Series Seed Preferred Stock” (the “Series Seed Preferred”), 210,000 shares of the authorized and unissued shares of Preferred Stock are hereby designated Series A Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred”), 200,000 shares of the authorized shares of Preferred Stock are hereby designated Series A-1 Preferred Stock (the “Series A-1 Preferred”) and 30,000 shares of the authorized shares of Preferred Stock are hereby designated Series A-2 Preferred Stock (the “Series A-2 Preferred”). The rights, preferences, privileges, restrictions and other matters relating to the Series Seed Preferred, Series A Preferred, Series A-1 Preferred and Series A-2 Preferred are set forth in this Article 4.


2. Dividend Provisions.

2.1 Dividends shall be payable only when and if declared by the Board of Directors and the Corporation shall be under no obligation to pay such dividends. In the event of a dividend payment the holders of Common Stock and Preferred Stock has be entitled to receive such dividends on a pari passu basis. The amount of any such distribution shall be paid on a pro rata basis. The pro rata amount to which a holder of Common Stock is entitled shall be equal to the percentage of the total number of issued and outstanding shares such Common Stockholder holds. The pro rata amount held by each holder of shares of Preferred Stock shall be equal to the total number of issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of shares of Preferred Stock held by such holder.

3. Liquidation Preference.

3.1 In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of this Corporation, either voluntary or involuntary (each such occurrence hereinafter defined as a “Deemed Liquidation Event”), the holders of each class or series of Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive out of the assets of the Corporation legally available for distribution to its stockholders, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of such assets of the holders of Common Stock by reason of their ownership thereof, an amount per share equal to the greater of (i) the sum of (A) the Original Issue Price of such class or series of Preferred Stock and (B) an amount equal to all declared but unpaid dividends on such shares (in each case subject to adjustment in the event of any stock dividend, stock split, combination or other similar recapitalization with respect to the Preferred Stock) or (ii) such amount per share that would have been payable had all shares of Preferred Stock converted into shares of Common Stock pursuant to Article 4.B.4 of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation immediately prior to a Deemed Liquidation Event. In the event the amount available for distribution to the holders of the Preferred Stock is insufficient to meet the full liquidation preference of the Preferred Stock then such amount shall be instead distributed ratably among the holders of the Preferred Stock in proportion to the full preferential amount each such holder is otherwise entitled to receive pursuant to this Section 3.1. For purposes hereof, the Original Issue Price of the Series Seed Preferred Stock shall be $35.236514 per share, the Original Issue Price of the Series A Preferred Stock shall be $34.47 per share, the Original Issue Price of the Series A-1 Preferred Stock shall be $18.64 per share, and the Original Issue Price of the Series A-2 Preferred Stock shall be $27.58 per share.

3.2 Upon completion of the distribution of assets in full satisfaction of the Liquidation Preference to each class or series of Preferred Stock as set forth above, all assets then remaining shall be distributed among the holders of Preferred Stock and Common Stock pro rata based on the number of shares held by each such holder, treating for this purpose all such securities as if they had been converted to Common Stock pursuant to the terms of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation immediately prior to such Deemed Liquidation Event.

3.3 For purposes of this Section 3.3, unless the holders of shares representing at least a 70% of all Preferred Stock entitled to vote thereon decide to the contrary, the occurrence of any of the events set forth in Section 3.3.1 hereof shall constitute a Deemed Liquidation Event:


3.3.1 the consummation of a merger or consolidation in which:

(a) the Corporation is a constituent party or

(b) a subsidiary of the Corporation is a constituent party and the Corporation issues shares of its capital stock pursuant to such merger or consolidation, except any such merger or consolidation involving the Corporation or a subsidiary in which the shares of capital stock of the Corporation outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continue to represent, or are converted into or exchanged for shares of capital stock that represent, immediately following such merger or consolidation, a majority, by voting power, of the capital stock of (1) the surviving or resulting corporation; or (2) if the surviving or resulting corporation is a wholly-owned subsidiary of another corporation immediately following such merger or consolidation, the parent corporation of such surviving or resulting corporation;

3.3.2 the closing of the sale, lease, transfer, exclusive license or other disposition, in a single transaction or series of related transactions, by the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation, of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, or the sale or disposition (whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise) of one or more subsidiaries of the Corporation if all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation and its subsidiaries taken as a whole are held by such subsidiary or subsidiaries, except that the foregoing excludes the sale, lease, transfer, exclusive license or other disposition is to a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Corporation; or

3.3.3 the closing of the transfer (whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise), in one transaction or a series of related transactions, to a Person or group of Affiliates (as defined below) (other than an underwriter of the Corporation’s securities), of this Corporation’s securities if, after such closing, such Person or group of Affiliates would hold 50% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the Corporation (or the surviving or acquiring entity).

For purposes of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, an individual, firm, corporation, partnership, association, limited liability company, trust or any other entity (collectively, a “Person”) shall be deemed an “Affiliate” of another Person who, directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person, including, without limitation, any general partner, managing member, officer or director of such Person or any venture capital fund now or hereafter existing that is controlled by one or more general partners or managing members of, or shares the same management company with, such Person.

A bona fide equity financing transaction in which the Corporation is the surviving corporation and does not (directly or through a subsidiary) receive any assets other than cash and rights to receive cash shall not constitute a Deemed Liquidation Event. A series of related transactions shall be deemed to constitute a single transaction and, where such transactions involve securities issuances, they shall be deemed “related” if under applicable securities laws they would be treated as integrated. In the event of a merger or consolidation of the Corporation that is deemed pursuant to this subsection to be a Deemed Liquidation Event, all references in this Article IV to “assets of the Corporation” shall be deemed instead to refer to the aggregate consideration to be paid to the holders of the Corporation’s capital stock in such merger or consolidation as well as any other assets of the Corporation that may legally be distributed to such. A transaction shall not constitute a Deemed Liquidation Event if its sole purpose is to change the state of this Corporation’s incorporation or to create a holding company that will be owned in substantially the same proportions by the persons who held this Corporation’s securities immediately prior to such transaction.


3.4 If the consideration received by the Corporation pursuant to a Deemed Liquidation Even is in any form other than cash, value of the non-cash payment will be deemed its fair market value as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation. Any securities that constitute the all or a portion of the proceeds of a Deemed Liquidation Event shall be valued as follows:

3.4.1 The value of securities not subject to investment letter or other similar restrictions on free marketability (other than restrictions arising solely by virtue of a stockholder’s status as an Affiliate or former Affiliate) shall be:

(a) if traded on a securities exchange or through the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the NASDAQ Global Market or the NASDAQ Capital Market, the value shall be deemed to be the average of the closing prices of the securities on such exchange or system over the thirty (30) day period (or portion thereof) ending three (3) days prior to the closing of such event;

(b) if actively traded over-the-counter, the value shall be deemed to be the average of the closing bid or sale prices (whichever is applicable) over the thirty (30) day period (or portion thereof) ending three (3) days prior to the closing of such event; and

(c) if there is no active public market, the value shall be the fair market value thereof, as mutually determined by the Board of Directors of this Corporation and the holders of a majority of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of Preferred Stock.

3.4.2 The method of valuation of securities subject to investment letter or other restrictions on free marketability (other than restrictions arising solely by virtue of a stockholder’s status as an Affiliate or former Affiliate) shall be to make an appropriate discount from the value determined as above in Section 2.4.1(a), (b), or (c) to reflect the approximate fair market value thereof, as mutually determined by the Board of Directors of this Corporation and the holders of a majority of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of Preferred Stock, voting together as a single class on an as-converted basis.

3.4.3 The foregoing methods for valuing non-cash consideration to be distributed in connection with a Deemed Liquidation Event shall, with the appropriate approval of the definitive agreements governing such Deemed Liquidation Event by the stockholders under the General Corporation Law and Section 6 be superseded by the determination of such value set forth in the definitive agreements governing such Deemed Liquidation Event.

3.4.4 In the event the requirements of this Article 4.B.2 are not complied with, this Corporation shall forthwith either:

(a) cause such closing to be postponed until such time as the requirements of this Article 4.B.2 have been complied with; or


(b) cancel such transaction, in which event the rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of Preferred Stock shall revert to and be the same as such rights, preferences and privileges existing immediately prior to the date of the first notice referred to in Section 3.4.5 hereof.

3.4.5 This Corporation shall give each holder of record of Preferred Stock written notice of such impending transaction not later than twenty (20) days prior to the stockholders’ meeting called to approve such transaction, or twenty (20) days prior to the closing of such transaction, whichever is earlier, and shall also notify such holders in writing of the final approval of such transaction. The first of such notices shall describe the material terms and conditions of the impending transaction, and this Corporation shall thereafter give such holders prompt notice of any material changes. The transaction shall in no event take place sooner than twenty (20) days after this Corporation has given the first notice provided for herein or sooner than ten (10) days after this Corporation has given notice of any material changes provided for herein; provided, however, that subject to compliance with the Delaware General Corporation Law such periods may be shortened or waived upon the written consent of the holders of Preferred Stock that represent a majority of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of such Preferred Stock (voting together as a single class and not as separate series, and on an as-converted basis).

4. Conversion. The holders of the Preferred Stock shall have conversion rights as follows (the “Conversion Rights”):

4.1 Right to Convert. Each share of Preferred Stock shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time after the date of issuance of such share at the office of this Corporation or any transfer agent for such stock, into such number of fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock as is determined by dividing the Original Issue Price for each such shares of Preferred Stock by the Conversion Price (as defined below) applicable to such share, determined as hereafter provided, in effect on the date the certificate is surrendered for conversion. The initial “Conversion Price” per share for shares of each class or Series of Preferred Stock shall be the Original Issue Price of such class or series of Preferred Stock.

4.2 Automatic Conversion. Each share of Preferred Stock shall automatically be converted into shares of Common Stock at the Conversion Price at the time in effect for such series of Preferred Stock immediately upon the earlier of (i) this Corporation’s sale of its Common Stock in a firm commitment underwritten public offering pursuant to a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”) in a transaction in which the valuation of the Corporation immediately prior to the issuance of Common Stock in the offering is $37 million or more and in which the gross proceeds to the Corporation are at least $20 million or (ii) the date specified by vote or written consent of the holders of at least a 60% of the then outstanding shares of Preferred Stock voting together as a single class with voting power determined as provided in Section 6 below.

4.3 Mechanics of Conversion. Before any holder of Preferred Stock shall be entitled to convert the same into shares of Common Stock, he, she or it shall surrender the certificate or certificates therefor, duly endorsed, at the office of this Corporation or of any transfer agent for the Preferred Stock, and shall give written notice to this Corporation at its


principal corporate office, of the election to convert all or any number of such holder’s shares of Preferred Stock and, if applicable, any event on which such conversion is contingent, and shall state therein the name or names in which the certificate or certificates for shares of Common Stock are to be issued. This Corporation shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, (i) issue and deliver at such office to such holder of Preferred Stock, or to the nominee or nominees of such holder, a certificate or certificates for the number of shares of Common Stock to which such holder shall be entitled as aforesaid and a certificate for the number (if any) of the shares of Preferred Stock represented by the surrendered certificate that were not converted into Common Stock; (ii) pay in cash such amount as provided in Section 4.7 in lieu of any fraction of a share of Common Stock otherwise issuable upon such conversion; and (iii) pay in cash the shares of Preferred Stock converted. Such conversion shall be deemed to have been made immediately prior to the close of business on the date of receipt by the Corporation of such notice of conversion and, irrespective of the surrender of the shares of Preferred Stock to be converted, the shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion shall be deemed to be outstanding of record and the person or persons entitled to receive the shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such shares of Common Stock as of such date. If the conversion is in connection with an underwritten offering of securities registered pursuant to the Act or a Deemed Liquidation Event, the conversion may, at the option of any holder tendering Preferred Stock for conversion, be conditioned upon the closing with the underwriters of the sale of securities pursuant to such offering or the closing of such Deemed Liquidation Event, in which event the persons entitled to receive the Common Stock upon conversion of the Preferred Stock shall not be deemed to have converted such Preferred Stock until immediately prior to the closing of such sale of securities or such Deemed Liquidation Event.

4.4 Reservation of Stock Issuable Upon Conversion. The Corporation shall, at all times when any shares of Preferred Stock shall be outstanding, reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock, for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the shares of Preferred Stock, such number of its duly authorized shares of Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding shares of Preferred Stock, and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding shares of the Preferred Stock, the Corporation shall take such corporate action as may be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes, including, without limitation, engaging in best efforts to obtain the requisite stockholder approval of any necessary amendment to this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Before taking any action that would cause an adjustment reducing the Conversion Price below the then par value of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the shares of Preferred Stock, the Corporation will take any corporate action which may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary in order that the Corporation may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock at such adjusted Conversion Price. If at any time the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding shares of Preferred Stock, in addition to such other remedies as shall be available to the holder of such shares of Preferred Stock, the Corporation will take such corporate action as may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes.


4.5 Adjustments to Conversion Price.

4.5.1 Adjustments for Diluting Issues.

(a) Special Definitions. For purposes of this Article 4, the following definitions shall apply:

(i) “Option” shall mean rights, options or warrants to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise acquire Common Stock or Convertible Securities.

(ii) “Original Issue Date” shall mean the date on which the first share of Series A Preferred Stock was issued.

(iii) “Convertible Securities” shall mean any evidences of indebtedness, shares or other securities directly or indirectly convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, but excluding Options.

(iv) “Additional Shares of Common Stock” shall mean all shares of Common Stock issued (or, pursuant to Subsection 4.5.1(c) below, deemed to be issued) by the Corporation after the Original Issue Date, other than (1) the following shares of Common Stock and (2) shares of Common Stock deemed issued pursuant to the following Options and Convertible Securities (clauses (1) and (2), collectively, “Exempted Securities”):

(1) shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities issued as a dividend or distribution on a given series of Preferred Stock;

(2) shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities issued by reason of a dividend, stock split, split-up or other distribution on shares of Common Stock that is covered by Subsection 4.5.3, 4.5.4 or 4.5.5;

(3) shares of Common Stock or Options issued to employees or directors of, or consultants or advisors to, the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries pursuant to a plan, agreement or arrangement approved by the Board of Directors of the Corporation;

(4) shares of Common Stock or Convertible Securities actually issued upon the exercise of Options or shares of Common Stock actually issued upon the conversion or exchange of Convertible Securities, in each case provided such issuance is pursuant to the terms of such Option or Convertible Security;

(5) shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities issued to banks, equipment lessors or other financial institutions, or to real property lessors, pursuant to a debt financing, equipment leasing or real property leasing transaction approved by the Board of Directors of the Corporation

(6) shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities issued to suppliers or third party service providers in connection with the provision of goods or services pursuant to transactions approved by the Board of Directors of the Corporation


(7) shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities issued pursuant to the acquisition of another corporation by the Corporation by merger, purchase of substantially all of the assets or other reorganization or to a joint venture agreement, provided that such issuances are approved by the Board of Directors of the Corporation, including the Series A Director; or

(8) shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities issued in connection with sponsored research, collaboration, technology license, development, OEM, marketing or other similar agreements or strategic partnerships approved by the Board of Directors of the Corporation;

(b) No Adjustment of Conversion Price. No adjustment to the Conversion Price applicable to a given series of Preferred Stock shall be made as the result of the issuance or deemed issuance of Additional Shares of Common Stock if the Corporation receives written notice from the holders of at least a majority of the then outstanding shares of such series of Preferred Stock agreeing that no such adjustment shall be made as the result of the issuance or deemed issuance of such Additional Shares of Common Stock.

(c) Deemed Issue of Additional Shares of Common Stock.

(i) If the Corporation at any time or from time to time after the Original Issue Date shall issue any Options or Convertible Securities (excluding Options or Convertible Securities which are themselves Exempted Securities) or shall fix a record date for the determination of holders of any class of securities entitled to receive any such Options or Convertible Securities, then the maximum number of shares of Common Stock (as set forth in the instrument relating thereto, assuming the satisfaction of any conditions to exercisability, convertibility or exchangeability but without regard to any provision contained therein for a subsequent adjustment of such number) issuable upon the exercise of such Options or, in the case of Convertible Securities and Options therefor, the conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities, shall be deemed to be Additional Shares of Common Stock issued as of the time of such issue or, in case such a record date shall have been fixed, as of the close of business on such record date.

(ii) If the terms of any Option or Convertible Security, the issuance of which resulted in an adjustment to the Conversion Price of a given series of Preferred Stock pursuant to the terms of Subsection 4.5.1(d), are revised as a result of an amendment to such terms or any other adjustment pursuant to the provisions of such Option or Convertible Security (but excluding automatic adjustments to such terms pursuant to anti-dilution or similar provisions of such Option or Convertible Security) to provide for either (1) any increase or decrease in the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise, conversion and/or exchange of any such Option or Convertible Security or (2) any increase or decrease in the consideration payable to the Corporation upon such exercise, conversion and/or exchange, then, effective upon such increase or decrease becoming effective, the applicable Conversion Price computed upon the original issue of such Option or Convertible Security (or


upon the occurrence of a record date with respect thereto) shall be readjusted to such Conversion Price as would have obtained had such revised terms been in effect upon the original date of issuance of such Option or Convertible Security. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no readjustment pursuant to this clause (b) shall have the effect of increasing the Conversion Price of a given series of Preferred Stock to an amount which exceeds the lower of (i) the Conversion Price applicable to such series of Preferred Stock in effect immediately prior to the original adjustment made as a result of the issuance of such Option or Convertible Security, or (ii) the Conversion Price of a given series of Preferred Stock that would have resulted from any issuances of Additional Shares of Common Stock (other than deemed issuances of Additional Shares of Common Stock as a result of the issuance of such Option or Convertible Security) between the original adjustment date and such readjustment date.

(iii) If the terms of any Option or Convertible Security (excluding Options or Convertible Securities which are themselves Exempted Securities), the issuance of which did not result in an adjustment to the Conversion Price of a given series of Preferred Stock pursuant to the terms of Subsection 4.5.1(d) (either because the consideration per share (determined pursuant to Subsection 4.5.1(e)) of the Additional Shares of Common Stock subject thereto was equal to or greater than the applicable Conversion Price then in effect, or because such Option or Convertible Security was issued before the Original Issue Date), are revised after the Original Issue Date as a result of an amendment to such terms or any other adjustment pursuant to the provisions of such Option or Convertible Security (but excluding automatic adjustments to such terms pursuant to anti-dilution or similar provisions of such Option or Convertible Security) to provide for either (1) any increase in the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise, conversion or exchange of any such Option or Convertible Security or (2) any decrease in the consideration payable to the Corporation upon such exercise, conversion or exchange, then such Option or Convertible Security, as so amended or adjusted, and the Additional Shares of Common Stock subject thereto (determined in the manner provided in Subsection 4.5.1(c)(i) shall be deemed to have been issued effective upon such increase or decrease becoming effective.

(iv) Upon the expiration or termination of any unexercised Option or unconverted or unexchanged Convertible Security (or portion thereof) which resulted (either upon its original issuance or upon a revision of its terms) in an adjustment to the Conversion Price of a given series of Preferred Stock pursuant to the terms of Subsection 4.5.1(d), the applicable Conversion Price shall be readjusted to such Conversion Price as would have obtained had such Option or Convertible Security (or portion thereof) never been issued.

(v) If the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise, conversion and/or exchange of any Option or Convertible Security, or the consideration payable to the Corporation upon such exercise, conversion and/or exchange, is calculable at the time such Option or Convertible Security is issued or amended but is subject to adjustment based upon subsequent events, any adjustment to the Conversion Price of a given series of Preferred Stock provided for in this Subsection 4.5.1(c) shall be effected at the time of such issuance or amendment based on such number of shares or amount of consideration without regard to any provisions for subsequent adjustments (and any subsequent adjustments shall be treated as provided in clauses (i) and (ii) of this Subsection 4.5.1(c)). If the number of shares of


Common Stock issuable upon the exercise, conversion and/or exchange of any Option or Convertible Security, or the consideration payable to the Corporation upon such exercise, conversion and/or exchange, cannot be calculated at all at the time such Option or Convertible Security is issued or amended, any adjustment to the Conversion Price of a given series of Preferred Stock that would result under the terms of this Subsection 4.5.1(c) at the time of such issuance or amendment shall instead be effected at the time such number of shares and/or amount of consideration is first calculable (even if subject to subsequent adjustments), assuming for purposes of calculating such adjustment to the applicable Conversion Price that such issuance or amendment took place at the time such calculation can first be made.

(d) Adjustment of Conversion Price Upon Issuance of Additional Shares of Common Stock. In the event the Corporation shall at any time after the Original Issue Date issue Additional Shares of Common Stock (including Additional Shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued pursuant to Subsection 4.5.1(c)), without consideration or for a consideration per share less than the Conversion Price of a given series of Preferred Stock in effect immediately prior to such issue, then the applicable Conversion Price shall be reduced, concurrently with such issue, to a price (calculated to the nearest one-hundredth of a cent) determined in accordance with the following formula:

CP2 = CP1* (A + B) ÷ (A + C).

For purposes of the foregoing formula, the following definitions shall apply:

(A) “CP2” shall mean the applicable Conversion Price in effect immediately after such issue of Additional Shares of Common Stock

(B) “CP1” shall mean the applicable Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such issue of Additional Shares of Common Stock;

(C) “A” shall mean the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to such issue of Additional Shares of Common Stock (treating for this purpose as outstanding all shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Options outstanding immediately prior to such issue or upon conversion or exchange of Convertible Securities (including the Series Seed Preferred Stock, Series A Preferred Stock, Series A-1 Preferred Stock and Series A-2 Preferred Stock) outstanding (assuming exercise of any outstanding Options therefor) immediately prior to such issue);

(D) “B” shall mean the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued if such Additional Shares of Common Stock had been issued at a price per share equal to CP1 (determined by dividing the aggregate consideration received by the Corporation in respect of such issue by CP1); and

(E) “C” shall mean the number of such Additional Shares of Common Stock issued in such transaction.

(e) Determination of Consideration. For purposes of this Subsection 4.5.1, the consideration received by the Corporation for the issue of any Additional Shares of Common Stock shall be computed as follows:


(i) Cash and Property: Such consideration shall:

(1) insofar as it consists of cash, be computed at the aggregate amount of cash received by the Corporation, excluding amounts paid or payable for accrued interest;

(2) insofar as it consists of property other than cash, be computed at the fair market value thereof at the time of such issue, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation; and

(3) in the event Additional Shares of Common Stock are issued together with other shares or securities or other assets of the Corporation for consideration which covers both, be the proportion of such consideration so received, computed as provided in clauses (1) and (2) above, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.

(ii) Options and Convertible Securities. The consideration per share received by the Corporation for Additional Shares of Common Stock deemed to have been issued pursuant to Subsection 4.5.1(c), relating to Options and Convertible Securities, shall be determined by dividing:

(1) The total amount, if any, received or receivable by the Corporation as consideration for the issue of such Options or Convertible Securities, plus the minimum aggregate amount of additional consideration (as set forth in the instruments relating thereto, without regard to any provision contained therein for a subsequent adjustment of such consideration) payable to the Corporation upon the exercise of such Options or the conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities, or in the case of Options for Convertible Securities, the exercise of such Options for Convertible Securities and the conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities, by

(2) the maximum number of shares of Common Stock (as set forth in the instruments relating thereto, without regard to any provision contained therein for a subsequent adjustment of such number) issuable upon the exercise of such Options or the conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities, or in the case of Options for Convertible Securities, the exercise of such Options for Convertible Securities and the conversion or exchange of such Convertible Securities.

(f) Multiple Closing Dates. In the event the Corporation shall issue on more than one date Additional Shares of Common Stock that are a part of one transaction or a series of related transactions and that would result in an adjustment to the Conversion Price of a given series of Preferred Stock pursuant to the terms of Subsection 4.5.1(d), then, upon the final such issuance, the applicable Conversion Price shall be readjusted to give effect to all such issuances as if they occurred on the date of the first such issuance (and without giving effect to any additional adjustments as a result of any such subsequent issuances within such period).


4.5.2 Adjustment for Combinations or Consolidation of Common Stock. If, at any time after the Original Issue Date the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding are decreased by a combination of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, then following the record date fixed for such combination (or the date of such combination, if no record date is fixed), the applicable Conversion Price shall be increased so that the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on conversion of each share of Preferred Stock shall be decreased in proportion to such decrease in outstanding shares of Common Stock.

4.5.3 Adjustment for Stock Dividends, Splits, Etc. If the Corporation shall at any time after the Original Issue Date fix a record date for the subdivision, split-up or stock dividend of shares of Common Stock, then, following the record date fixed for the determination of holders of shares of Common Stock entitled to receive such subdivision, split-up or dividend (or the date of such subdivision, split-up or dividend, if no record date is fixed), the applicable Conversion Price shall be appropriately decreased so that the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on conversion of each share of Preferred Stock shall be increased in proportion to such increase in outstanding shares; provided, however, that the Conversion Price shall not be decreased at such time if the amount of such reduction would be an amount less than $0.001, but any such amount shall be carried forward and reduction with respect thereto made at the time of and together with any subsequent reduction which, together with such amount and any other amount or amounts so carried forward, shall aggregate $0.001 or more.

4.5.4 Adjustment for Merger or Reorganization, Etc. In case of any consolidation, recapitalization or merger of the Corporation with or into another corporation or the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation to another corporation other than a transaction which is treated as a Deemed Liquidation Event pursuant hereto, each share of Preferred Stock shall thereafter be convertible into the kind and amount of shares of stock or other securities or property to which a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock of the Corporation deliverable upon conversion of such shares of Preferred Stock would have been entitled upon such consolidation, merger or sale; and, in such case, appropriate adjustment (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors) shall be made in the application of the provisions hereof (including provisions with respect to changes in and other adjustments of the Conversion Price) shall thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be, in relation to any shares of stock or other property thereafter deliverable upon the conversion of the shares of Preferred Stock.

4.5.5 Adjustments for Other Dividends and Distributions. If at any time or from time to time after the Original Issue Date the Corporation pays a dividend or makes another distribution to the holders of the Common Stock payable in securities of the Corporation other than shares of Common Stock, then in each such event provision shall be made so that the holders of the Preferred Stock shall receive upon conversion thereof, in addition to the number of shares of Common Stock receivable upon conversion thereof, the amount of securities of the Corporation which they would have received had their Preferred Stock been converted into Common Stock on the date of such event (or such record date, as applicable) and had they thereafter, during the period from the date of such event (or such record date, as applicable) to and including the conversion date, retained such securities receivable by them as aforesaid during such period, subject to all other adjustments called for during such period with respect to the rights of the holders of the Preferred Stock or with respect to such other securities by their terms.


5. Voting Rights.

5.1 General. The holder of each share of Preferred Stock shall have the right to one vote for each share of Common Stock into which such share of Preferred Stock could then be converted. With respect to such vote and except as otherwise expressly provided herein or as required by applicable law, such holder shall have full voting rights and powers equal to the voting rights and powers of the holders of Common Stock, and shall be entitled, notwithstanding any provision hereof, to notice of any stockholders’ meeting in accordance with the Bylaws of this Corporation, and shall be entitled to vote, together with holders of Common Stock as a single class and on an as-converted basis, with respect to any matter upon which holders of Common Stock have the right to vote. Fractional votes shall not, however, be permitted and any fractional voting rights available on an as-converted basis (after aggregating all shares into which shares of Preferred Stock held by each holder could be converted) shall be rounded to the nearest whole number (with one-half being rounded upward).

5.2 Voting. The holders of the Common Stock are entitled to one vote for each share of Common Stock held at all meetings of stockholders (and written actions in lieu of meetings). Unless required by law, there shall be no cumulative voting. The number of authorized shares of Common Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by (in addition to any vote of the holders of one or more series of Preferred Stock that may be required by the terms of the Certificate) the affirmative vote of the holders of shares of capital stock of the Corporation representing a majority of the votes represented by all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the General Corporation Law.

5.3 Election of Directors.

5.3.1 Election of Directors. For so long as not less than fifty percent (50%) of the initially issued shares of Series A Preferred Stock remain outstanding, one director (the “Series A Director”) shall be elected by a majority of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock. The remaining members of the Board of Directors shall be elected by vote of the Common Stock and the Preferred Stock voting together as a single class on an as-converted basis.

5.3.2 Removal of Directors. Any director elected as provided in the preceding Section 2.2 may be removed without cause by, and only by, the affirmative vote of the holders of the shares of the class, classes, or series of capital stock entitled to elect such director or directors, given either at a special meeting of such stockholders duly called for that purpose or pursuant to a written consent of stockholders.

5.3.3 Quorum; Vacancies. At any meeting held for the purpose of electing a director, the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the class, classes, or series entitled to elect such director shall constitute a quorum for the purpose of electing such director. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 223(a)(1) and 223(a)(2) of the General Corporation Law, any vacancy, including newly created directorships resulting from the increase to the number of directors authorized to serve on the Board of Directors, and vacancies created by removal, resignation or death of a director, may be


filled by a majority of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by the sole remaining director. The directors so chosen shall serve as a member of the Board of Directors until the next annual election and until their successors are duly elected and qualified, unless sooner displaced; provided, however, that where such vacancy occurs among the directors elected by the holders of a class or series of stock entitled to solely elect such director the holders of shares of such class or series may override actions taken by the Board of Directors to fill such vacancy by (i) voting for their own designee to fill such vacancy at a meeting of the corporation’s stockholders or (ii) written consent, if the consenting stockholders hold a sufficient number of shares to elect their designee at a meeting of the stockholders. Any director may be removed during his or her term of office, either with or without cause, by, and only by, the affirmative vote of the holders of the shares of the class or series of stock entitled to elect such director or directors, given either at a special meeting of such stockholders duly called for that purpose or pursuant to a written consent of stockholders, and any vacancy thereby created may be filled by the holders of that class or series of stock represented at the meeting or pursuant to written consent.

5.4 Series A Preferred Stock Protective Provisions. At any time when shares of Series A Preferred Stock are outstanding, the Corporation shall not, either directly or indirectly by amendment, merger, consolidation or otherwise, do any of the following without (in addition to any other vote required by law or the Certificate of Incorporation) the written consent or affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the then outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock, given in writing or by vote at a meeting, consenting or voting (as the case may be) separately as a class, and any such act or transaction entered into without such consent or vote shall be null and void ab initio, and of no force or effect

5.4.1 amend, alter or repeal any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Corporation in a manner that adversely affects the powers, preferences or rights of the Series A Preferred Stock;

5.4.2 increase the authorized number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock; or

5.4.3 pay or declare any dividend or make any distribution on, any shares of capital stock of the Corporation other than (i) dividends or distributions on the Series A Preferred Stock as expressly authorized herein, (ii) dividends or other distributions payable on the Common Stock solely in the form of additional shares of Common Stock or (iii) dividends or other distributions payable on any shares of capital stock in connection with a stock split, combination, recapitalization or similar transaction; orliquidate, dissolve or wind-up the business and affairs of the Corporation.

6. Status of Converted Stock.

In the event any shares of Preferred Stock shall be converted pursuant into shares of Common Stock in accordance with this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the shares of Preferred Stock so converted shall be cancelled and shall not be issuable by this Corporation. This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation shall be appropriately amended to effect the corresponding reduction in this Corporation’s authorized capital stock.


ARTICLE 5

No stockholder of the Corporation shall have a right to purchase shares of capital stock of the Corporation sold or issued by the Corporation except to the extent that such a right may from time to time be set forth in a written agreement between the Corporation and any stockholder.

ARTICLE 6

In connection with repurchases by the Corporation of its Common Stock from employees, officers, directors, advisors, consultants or other persons performing services for the Corporation or any subsidiary pursuant to agreements under which the Corporation has the option to repurchase such shares at cost upon the occurrence of certain events, such as the termination of employment, Sections 502 and 503 of the Corporations Code of the State of California shall not apply in all or in part with respect to such repurchases.

ARTICLE 7

A. AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS. Subject to any additional vote required by this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws of the Corporation, in furtherance of and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized to make, repeal, alter, amend and rescind any or all of the Bylaws of the Corporation.

B. NUMBER OF DIRECTORS. Subject to any additional vote required by this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the number of directors of the Corporation shall be determined in the manner set forth in the Bylaws of the Corporation.

C. BALLOT. Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws of the Corporation so provide.

D. MEETINGS AND BOOKS. Meetings of stockholders may be held within or without the State of Delaware, as the Bylaws of the Corporation may provide. The books of the Corporation may be kept outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or in the Bylaws of the Corporation.

ARTICLE 8

A. LIMITATION. To the fullest extent permitted by law, a director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of his or her fiduciary duty as a director. If the General Corporation Law or any other law of the State of Delaware is amended after approval by the stockholders of this Article 8 to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law as so amended. Any repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Article 8 by the stockholders of the Corporation shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation existing at the time of, or increase the liability of any director of the Corporation with respect to any acts or omissions of such director occurring prior to, such repeal or modification.


B. INDEMNIFICATION. The following indemnification provisions shall apply to the persons enumerated below.

1. Right to Indemnification of Directors and Officers. The Corporation shall indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended, any person (an “Indemnified Person”) who was or is made or is threatened to be made a party or is otherwise involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “Proceeding”), by reason of the fact that such person, or a person for whom such person is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or, while a director or officer of the Corporation, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, trust, enterprise or nonprofit entity, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against all liability and loss suffered and expenses (including attorneys” fees) reasonably incurred by such Indemnified Person in such Proceeding. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, except as otherwise provided in Section 3 of this Article 8, Part B, the Corporation shall be required to indemnify an Indemnified Person in connection with a Proceeding (or part thereof) commenced by such Indemnified Person only if the commencement of such Proceeding (or part thereof) by the Indemnified Person was authorized in advance by the Board of Directors.

2. Prepayment of Expenses of Directors and Officers. The Corporation shall pay the expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by an Indemnified Person in defending any Proceeding in advance of its final disposition, provided, however, that, to the extent required by law, such payment of expenses in advance of the final disposition of the Proceeding shall be made only upon receipt of an undertaking by the Indemnified Person to repay all amounts advanced if it should be ultimately determined that the Indemnified Person is not entitled to be indemnified under this Article 8 or otherwise.

3. Claims by Directors and Officers. If a claim for indemnification or advancement of expenses under this Article 8 is not paid in full within thirty (30) days after a written claim therefor by the Indemnified Person has been received by the Corporation, the Indemnified Person may file suit to recover the unpaid amount of such claim and, if successful in whole or in part, shall be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such claim. In any such action the Corporation shall have the burden of proving that the Indemnified Person is not entitled to the requested indemnification or advancement of expenses under applicable law.

4. Indemnification of Employees and Agents. The Corporation may indemnify and advance expenses to any person who was or is made or is threatened to be made or is otherwise involved in any Proceeding by reason of the fact that such person, or a person for whom such person is the legal representative, is or was an employee or agent of the Corporation or, while an employee or agent of the Corporation, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, trust, enterprise or nonprofit entity, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against all liability and loss suffered and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such Proceeding. The ultimate determination of entitlement to indemnification of persons who are non-director or officer employees or agents shall be made in such manner as is determined by the


Board of Directors in its sole discretion. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, the Corporation shall not be required to indemnify a person in connection with a Proceeding initiated by such person if the Proceeding was not authorized in advance by the Board of Directors.

5. Advancement of Expenses of Employees and Agents. The Corporation may pay the expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by an employee or agent in defending any Proceeding in advance of its final disposition on such terms and conditions as may be determined by the Board of Directors.

6. Non-Exclusivity of Rights. The rights conferred on any person by this Article 8 shall not be exclusive of any other rights which such person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the certificate of incorporation, bylaws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.

7. Other Indemnification. The Corporation’s obligation, if any, to indemnify any person who was or is serving at its request as a director, officer or employee of another Corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, organization or other enterprise shall be reduced by any amount such person may collect as indemnification from such other Corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, organization or other enterprise.

8. Insurance. The Board of Directors may, to the full extent permitted by applicable law as it presently exists, or may hereafter be amended from time to time, authorize an appropriate officer or officers to purchase and maintain at the Corporation’s expense insurance: (a) to indemnify the Corporation for any obligation which it incurs as a result of the indemnification of directors, officers and employees under the provisions of this Article 8; and (b) to indemnify or insure directors, officers and employees against liability in instances in which they may not otherwise be indemnified by the Corporation under the provisions of this Article 8.

C. MODIFICATION. Any amendment, repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Article 8 shall not adversely affect any right or protection hereunder of any director, officer or other agent of the Corporation existing at the time of such amendment, repeal or modification. The rights provided hereunder shall inure to the benefit of any such director, officer, or other agent’s heirs, executors and administrators.

ARTICLE 9

The Corporation renounces, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any interest or expectancy of the Corporation in, or in being offered an opportunity to participate in, any Excluded Opportunity. An “Excluded Opportunity” is any matter, transaction or interest that is presented to, or acquired, created or developed by, or which otherwise comes into the possession of the Series A Director (such director, a “Covered Person”), unless such matter, transaction or interest is presented to, or acquired, created or developed by, or otherwise comes into the possession of, such Covered Person expressly and solely in such Covered Person’s capacity as a director of the Corporation.


ARTICLE 10

Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for any stockholder (including a beneficial owner) to bring (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation, its directors, officers or employees arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law or the Corporation’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws or (iv) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation, its directors, officers or employees governed by the internal affairs doctrine, except for, as to each of (i) through (iv) above, any claim as to which the Court of Chancery determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery within ten days following such determination), which is vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery, or for which the Court of Chancery does not have subject matter jurisdiction. If any provision or provisions of this Article 10 shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any person or entity or circumstance for any reason whatsoever, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Article 10 (including, without limitation, each portion of any sentence of this Article 10 containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) and the application of such provision to other persons or entities and circumstances shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

ARTICLE 11

The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change, or repeal any provision contained in this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute, and all rights conferred upon the stockholders herein are granted subject to this right.

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