EXHIBIT 21.1
LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES
Name
Jurisdiction
Macoven Pharmaceuticals, LLC
Louisiana
Pernix Manufacturing, LLC
Texas
Pernix Ireland Limited
Ireland
Pernix Therapeutics, LLC
Pernix Sleep, Inc.
Delaware
Cypress Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Mississippi
Gaine, Inc.
Respicopea, Inc.
Hawthorn Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Pernix Ireland Pain Limited