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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

FORM 10-Q

☑QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended: January 1, 2017

OR

☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                                    to                                                  

Commission File Number 001-37502

MCBC HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

100 Cherokee Cove Drive, Vonore, TN 37855

(Address of Principal Executive Office) (Zip Code)

(423) 884-2221

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

☑     Yes          ☐     No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§229.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

☑     Yes          ☐     No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).

☐     Yes          ☑     No

As of February 7, 2017, there were 18,638,509 shares of the Registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, issued and outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the federal securities laws. We use words such as “could,” “may,” “might,” “will,” “expect,” “likely,” “believe,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “project” and other similar expressions to identify some but not all forward-looking statements and include statements in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q concerning our pipeline of new models; 

our ability to continue our operating momentum, capture additional market share and deliver continued growth; expectations regarding driving margin expansion, sales increases and organic growth; our fiscal 2017 outlook and key growth initiatives. Forward-looking statements involve estimates and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements.

The forward-looking statements contained in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q are based on assumptions that we have made in light of our industry experience and our perceptions of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other important factors we believe are appropriate under the circumstances. As you read and consider this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, you should understand that these statements are not guarantees of performance or results. They involve risks, uncertainties (many of which are beyond our control) and assumptions. Although we believe that these forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, you should be aware that many important factors could affect our actual operating and financial performance and cause our performance to differ materially from the performance anticipated in the forward-looking statements, including but not limited to the following: general economic conditions, demand for our products, changes in consumer preferences, competition within our industry, our reliance on our network of independent dealers, our ability to manage our manufacturing levels and our large fixed cost base, the successful introduction of our new products, and the other important factors described under the caption "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on September 9, 2016. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of these assumptions prove incorrect, our actual operating and financial performance may vary in material respects from the performance projected in these forward-looking statements.

Further, any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement contained in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which it is made or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances. New important factors that could cause our business not to develop as we expect emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all of them.

MCBC HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

The notes form an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

MCBC HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

The notes form an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

MCBC HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)  

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

The notes form an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

MCBC HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 (Dollars in thousands, except share per share data)

The notes form an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

1.ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF BUSINESS

MCBC Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) was formed on January 28, 2000, as a Delaware holding company that operates primarily through its wholly owned subsidiaries, MasterCraft Boat Company, LLC; MasterCraft Services, Inc.; MasterCraft Parts, Ltd.; and MasterCraft International Sales Administration, Inc. and its subsidiaries collectively are referred to herein as the “Company”.

The Company is a designer and manufacturer of premium inboard tournament ski boats and luxury performance V-drive runabouts under the MasterCraft brand. The Company also leases a parts warehouse in the United Kingdom to expedite service, primarily to dealers and customers in the European Union.

2.BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Company's fiscal year begins July 1 and ends June 30, with the interim quarterly reporting periods consisting of 13 weeks. Therefore, the quarter end will not always coincide with the date of the end of the calendar month.

The information furnished in the condensed consolidated financial statements includes normal recurring adjustments and reflects all adjustments, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations and statements of financial position for the interim periods presented. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and the applicable rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for financial information have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The June 30, 2016 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from the audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. However, management believes that the disclosures in these condensed consolidated financial statements are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016.  

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the Company's audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended June 30, 2016 and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments considered necessary to present fairly the Company's financial position as of January 1, 2017 and results of its operations, and its cash flows for the six months ended January 1, 2017 and December 27, 2015 and statement of shareholders' equity for the six months ended January 1, 2017. All adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Our interim operating results for the six months ended January 1, 2017 and December 27, 2015 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected in future operating quarters.

There have been no changes in the Company's significant accounting policies or critical accounting estimates for the six months ended January 1, 2017 as compared with the significant accounting policies described in the Company's audited consolidated financial statements for the financial year ended June 30, 2016.

Secondary Offerings — In December 2016, the Company completed two secondary offerings for a total of 2,995,000 shares of its common stock held by certain entities associated with Wayzata Investment Partners (collectively, the “Selling Stockholders”). The public offering price for the first offering consisting of 1,495,000 shares was $13.35 per share which included 195,000 shares sold by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to the over-allotment option granted to the underwriter, which was exercised concurrently with the closing of the secondary offering. The public offering price for the second offering consisting of 1,500,000 shares was $13.45 per share. The Company received no proceeds from the secondary offerings. The Company incurred $181 for offering expenses during December 2016, which are reflected as a reduction to paid-in capital.

Follow-on Offering — In September 2016, the Company completed a follow-on offering of 4,600,000 shares of its common stock held by the Selling Stockholders at a public offering price of $10.25 per share. This included 600,000 shares sold by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to the over-allotment option granted to the underwriters, which was exercised concurrently with the closing of the follow-on offering. The Company received no proceeds from the follow-on offering. The Company paid $254 for offering expenses incurred during September 2016, which are reflected as a reduction to paid-in capital.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards — In July 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory.  This ASU changes the measurement principle for inventories valued under the First-In, First-Out (“FIFO”) or weighted-average methods from the lower of cost or market to the lower of cost and net realizable value.  Net realizable value is defined by the FASB as estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this new guidance is expected to have on its financial position or results of operations and related disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This guidance establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this new guidance is expected to have on its financial position or results of operations and related disclosures.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This guidance identifies areas for simplification involving several aspects of accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, an option to recognize gross stock compensation expense with actual forfeitures recognized as they occur, as well as certain classifications on the statement of cash flows. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods with early adoption permitted. The

Company is currently evaluating the impact this new guidance is expected to have on its financial position or results of operations and related disclosures.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. ASU 2016-15 addresses how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows under Topic 230, Statement of Cash Flow, and other Topics. ASU 2016-15 is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods therein, beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB and International Accounting Standards Board jointly issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which includes new principles-based accounting guidance for revenue recognition that will supersede virtually all existing revenue guidance. The core principle of this guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. To achieve the core principle, the guidance establishes the following five steps: 1) identify the contract(s) with a customer, 2) identify the performance obligation in the contract, 3) determine the transaction price, 4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and 5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. The guidance also details the accounting treatment for costs to obtain or fulfill a contract. Lastly, disclosure requirements have been enhanced to provide sufficient information to enable users of financial statements to understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. In July 2015, the FASB announced that the implementation date would be delayed by one year. During 2016, the FASB issued certain amendments to clarify and improve the implementation of the guidance in ASU 2014-09. The effective date and transition requirements for these amendments and ASU 2014-09 are now for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017.  Early adoption is now permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact this new guidance is expected to have on our financial position or results of operations and related disclosures.

3.INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following:

4. PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following:

5.ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following:

The following table provides a roll forward of the accrued warranty liability:

6. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:

Level 1 — Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2 — Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 — Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

When determining the fair value measurements for assets or liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at and/or marked to fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. When possible, the Company looks to active and observable markets to price identical assets. When identical assets are not traded in active markets, the Company looks to market observable data for similar assets.

The following tables summarize the basis used to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis in the consolidated balance sheets:

There were no financial assets or liabilities subject to fair value measurements at June 30, 2016. The Interest rate cap is valued utilizing pricing models taking into account inputs such as interest rates and notional amounts. Fair value measurements for the Company’s interest rate cap are classified under Level 2 because such measurements are based on significant other observable inputs. There were no transfers of assets or liabilities between Level 1 and Level 2 during the six months ended January 1, 2017.

7. LONG-TERM DEBT

Long-term debt outstanding is as follows:

In May 2016, the Company entered into a Second Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement with Fifth Third Bank, as the agent and letter of credit issuer, and the lenders party thereto (the “Amended Credit Agreement”). The Amended Credit Agreement provided the Company with an $80,000 senior secured credit facility, consisting of a $50,000

term loan (the “Term Loan”) and a $30,000 revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) and matures on May 26, 2021.  

As of January 1, 2017, the Company had no borrowings outstanding on its Revolving Credit Facility and $3,126 in borrowings outstanding as of June 30, 2016. Availability under the Revolving Credit Facility is reduced by letters of credit. There were specified letters of credit outstanding of $250 at January 1, 2017 and June 30, 2016, respectively. As of January 1, 2017 and June 30, 2016, availability under the Revolving Credit Facility was $29,750 and $26,624, respectively, and unamortized deferred financing costs were $542 and $601, respectively. 

As of January 1, 2017 and June 30, 2016, the Company's total unamortized deferred financing costs were $1,315 and $1,500 respectively. These costs are being amortized over the term of the Amended Credit Agreement. As of January 1, 2017, the Company was in compliance with all of its debt covenants under its Term Loan and Revolving Credit Facility.

8. INCOME TAXES

The Company’s provision for income taxes as a percentage of pretax earnings (“effective tax rate”) is based on a current estimate of the annual effective income tax rate adjusted to reflect the impact of discrete items.  During the six months ended January 1, 2017 the effective tax rate was 37.2%.  The rate was higher than the federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to the inclusion of the state tax rate in the overall effective rate. 

9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

In June 2015, Malibu Boats, LLC (“Malibu”) filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee alleging that the Company’s Gen 2 Surf System and NXT Surf System infringe a Malibu patent relating to Malibu’s wake surf technology. The complaint seeks trebled damages in an unspecified amount, attorneys’ fees and an injunction against future infringement. In December 2016, the Company filed a motion with the court for summary judgment of noninfringement, which is currently pending. The trial is scheduled for May 2017. Malibu filed a separate complaint alleging that the Company’s Gen 2 and NXT Surf Systems infringe another patent in February 2016.  As with the previous complaint, Malibu is seeking damages and an injunction.  In December 2016, the Company filed a motion with the court for summary judgment of invalidity, which is currently pending.  Trial in the second case is scheduled for October 2017.  The Company does not believe that Malibu’s claims in either case have merit and intends to defend against these claims vigorously. The Company currently cannot assess the probability of losses, or reasonably estimate the range of losses, related to this matter.

10. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of the Company’s earnings per share:

For the three months ended January 1, 2017, the weighted average shares that were anti-dilutive, and therefore excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share included 1,898 restricted stock awards and options to purchase 122,640 shares of common stock. For the three months ended December 27, 2015, the weighted average shares that were anti-dilutive, and therefore excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share included options to purchase 137,786 shares of common stock.

For the six months ended January 1, 2017, the weighted average shares that were anti-dilutive, and therefore excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share included 16,534 restricted stock awards and options to purchase 122,640 shares of common stock. For the six months ended December 27, 2015, the weighted average shares that were anti-dilutive, and therefore excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share included options to purchase 125,401 shares of common stock.

11.STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

During fiscal year ended June 30, 2015 the Company adopted the Amended and Restated MCBC Holdings, Inc. 2015 Incentive Award Plan (“2015 Plan”) in order to facilitate the grant of cash and equity incentives to non-employee directors, employees, and consultants of the Company and certain of its affiliates and to enable the Company and certain of its affiliates to obtain and retain the services of these individuals, which is essential to our long-term success. In July 2015, the Board amended and restated the Company's 2015 Plan which became effective just prior to the closing of the Company’s initial public offering to increase the shares available for issuance under the 2015 Plan.

In August 2016, the Company granted to certain employees 28,391 shares of restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) under the 2015 Plan at a per share fair value of $11.85, which is the market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. The RSAs will vest in three equal annual installments. In addition, the Company granted 10,770 RSAs under the 2015 Plan to certain non-employee directors for their annual equity award at a per share fair value of $11.85. In December 2016, the Company granted 5,572 RSAs under the 2015 Plan to its two new non-employee directors for their pro-rata portion of their annual equity award at a per share fair value of $13.47. During the six months ended January 1, 2017, the Company recognized $114 in stock-based compensation expense from these restricted stock awards.

In August 2016, the Company granted 42,587 performance stock units (“PSUs”) under its 2015 Plan to certain employees at a per share fair value of $11.85, which is the market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date.  The awards will be earned based upon the Company’s obtainment of certain performance criteria over a three-year period. The performance period for the awards are a three-year period commencing July 1, 2016 and ending June 30, 2019.  Following the determination of the Company’s achievement with respect to the performance criteria, the amount of shares awarded will be subject to adjustment based upon the application of a total shareholder return (“TSR”) modifier. The Company recognized $63 in stock-based compensation expense from these PSUs during the six months ended January 1, 2017.

In July 2015, the Company granted 137,786 non-qualified stock options (“NSOs”) to certain employees at an option price equal to the $15.00 per share of the Company’s common stock, which was the initial public offering price, which will vest in 25% increments annually on each of the first four anniversaries of the grant date. In June 2016, the Company reduced the exercise price of these options by $4.30 per share, which was the amount of the special cash dividend paid in June 2016. Therefore, the exercise price of the options is now $10.70 per share. The other terms of the options remained unchanged. During the three months ended March 27, 2016, there were 15,146 stock options forfeited. We estimated the grant date fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes pricing model assuming a risk-free interest rate of 1.93%, an expected term of 6.25 years, no dividend yield and a volatility rate of 56.7%. The Company recognized from these NSOs $128 and $127 in stock-based compensation expense during the six months ended January 1, 2017 and December 27, 2015, respectively.

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following discussion and analysis should be read together with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition, the statements in this discussion and analysis regarding industry outlook, our expectations regarding the performance of our business, anticipated financial results, liquidity and the other non-historical statements are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties described in “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above and in “Risk Factors” set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statements.

Overview

We are a world-renowned innovator, designer, manufacturer, and marketer of premium recreational sport boats, with a leading market position in the U.S., a strong international presence, and dealers around the world. Our boats are used for water skiing, wakeboarding, and wake surfing, as well as general recreational boating. Our robust product portfolio of performance sport boats are manufactured to the highest standards of quality, performance, and styling.

We sell our boats through an extensive network of independent dealers in North America and internationally. We partner with 91 North American dealers with 144 locations and 43 international dealers with 56 locations throughout the rest of the world. For the six months ended January 1, 2017, 92.3% of our net sales were generated from North America and 7.7% of our net sales were generated from outside of North America.

Outlook

Our sales are impacted by general economic conditions, which affect the demand for our products, the demand for optional features, the availability of credit for our dealers and retail consumers, and overall consumer confidence. While the performance sport boat category has grown in recent years, new unit sales remain significantly below historical peaks. While there is no guarantee that our market will continue to grow, we believe that increased consumer demand and limited used boat inventory present a long runway for future growth.

We believe our sales have grown as dealers and customers continue to recognize the superior quality, performance, styling, and value proposition of our recently released boats. Our entire product portfolio has been renewed in the last four years, giving us the newest overall product offering in the performance sport boat category. We believe these factors strongly position us for growth in the coming periods. We believe our broad offering of boat models and features will continue to attract customers from our competitors, particularly in the performance sport boat and sterndrive categories, and will drive increased unit volume and market share gains. Our revamped manufacturing and product development processes have led to operational efficiencies which we expect will continue to drive significant margin expansion. 

Recent Transactions

Secondary Offerings  

In December 2016, we completed two secondary offerings for a total of 2,995,000 shares of common stock held by certain entities associated with Wayzata Investment Partners (collectively, the “Selling Stockholders”). The public offering price for the first offering consisting of 1,495,000 shares was $13.35 per share which included 195,000 shares sold by the Selling

Stockholders pursuant to the over-allotment option granted to the underwriter, which was exercised concurrently with the closing of the secondary offering. The public offering price for the second offering consisting of 1,500,000 shares was $13.45 per share. We received no proceeds from the secondary offerings. We incurred $0.2 million for offering expenses during December 2016, which are reflected as a reduction to paid-in capital.

Follow-on Offering  

In September 2016, we completed a follow-on offering of 4,600,000 shares of common stock held by certain entities associated with the Selling Stockholders at a public offering price of $10.25 per share. This included 600,000 shares sold by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to the over-allotment option granted to the underwriters, which was exercised concurrently with the closing of the follow-on offering. We received no proceeds from the follow-on offering. We paid $0.3 million for offering expenses incurred during September 2016, which are reflected as a reduction to paid-in capital.

Seasonality and Other Factors That Affect Our Business

Our operating results are subject to annual and seasonal fluctuations resulting from a variety of factors, including:

Key Performance Measures

From time to time we use certain key performance measures in evaluating our business and results of operations and we may refer to one or more of these key performance measures in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” These key performance measures include:

Components of Results of Operations

Net Sales

We generate sales from the sale of boats, trailers, and accessories to our dealers. The substantial majority of our net sales are derived from the sale of boats, including optional features included at the time of the initial wholesale purchase of the boat. Net sales consist of the following:

Cost of Sales

Our cost of sales includes all of the costs to manufacture our products, including raw materials, components, supplies, direct labor, and factory overhead. For components and accessories manufactured by third-party vendors, our costs are the amounts invoiced to us by the vendors. Cost of sales includes shipping and handling costs, depreciation expense related to manufacturing equipment and facilities, and warranty costs associated with the repair or replacement of our boats under warranty.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses include selling and marketing costs, general and administrative costs, impairment losses and amortization costs. These items include personnel and related expenses, non-manufacturing overhead, and various other operating expenses. Further, selling and marketing expenditures include the cost of advertising and marketing materials. General and administrative expenses include, among other things, salaries, benefits, and other personnel related expenses for employees engaged in product development, engineering, finance, information technology, human resources, and executive management. Other costs include outside legal and accounting fees, investor relations, risk management (insurance), and other administrative costs.

Other Expense

Other expense includes interest expense and change in common stock warrant fair value. Interest expense consists of interest charged under our credit facilities, including deferred financing fees and debt issuance costs written off in connection with the pay down of amounts owed on our credit facilities.

Income Tax Expense

Our accounting for income tax expense reflects management’s assessment of future tax assets and liabilities based on assumptions and estimates for timing, likelihood of realization, and tax laws existing at the time of evaluation. We record a valuation allowance, when appropriate, to reduce deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

Results of Operations

The table below sets forth our results of operations for the periods presented. Our financial results for these periods are not necessarily indicative of the financial results that we will achieve in future periods.

Three months ended January 1, 2017 Compared to Three months ended December 27, 2015

Net Sales.  Net sales for the three months ended January 1, 2017, decreased 7.4%, or $4.1 million to $51.1 million compared to $55.2 million for the three months ended December 27, 2015. The decrease was due to a reduction in unit sales volume of 65 units, or 9.3%, partially offset by an increase of 2.2% in net sales per unit, due to price increases and increased sales of higher content option packages.

Cost of Sales.  Our cost of sales decreased $3.0 million, or 7.5%, to $36.8 million for the three months ended January 1, 2017 compared to $39.8 million for the three months ended December 27, 2015. The decrease in cost of sales resulted primarily from lower warranty costs and a 9.3% decrease in total unit volume. This was partially offset by an increase in our cost of sales per unit of 2.0% due primarily to increased sales of higher content option packages.

Gross Profit.  For the three months ended January 1, 2017, our gross profit decreased $1.1 million, or 7.0%, to $14.3 million compared to $15.4 million for the three months ended December 27, 2015. The decrease in gross profit resulted primarily from lower sales volume overhead and absorption associated with lower unit production. Gross margin increased slightly to 27.9% for the three months ended January 1, 2017 compared to 27.8% for the three months ended December 27, 2015 resulting primarily from increased sales of higher content option packages which increased average gross profit per unit by 2.6%.

Operating Expenses.  Selling and marketing expense decreased $0.5 million, or 15.2%, to $2.4 million for the three months ended January 1, 2017 compared to $2.9 million for the three months ended December 27, 2015. This decrease resulted mainly from reductions in selling and marketing expenditures tied to the timing of launch activity. General and administrative expense decreased by $4.8 million, or 50.5%, to $4.8 million for the three months ended January 1, 2017 compared to $9.6 million for the three months ended December 27, 2015. This decrease resulted mainly from $6.6 million in reduced stock-based compensation cost, partially offset by higher litigation costs and medical insurance costs. Operating expenses as a percentage of net sales was 14.2% during the three months ended January 1, 2017 compared to 22.8% for the three months ended December 27, 2015. This decrease was the result of the decrease in general and administrative expenses and selling and marketing expenses described above.

Other Expense.  Interest expense increased for the three months ended January 1, 2017 compared to the three months ended December 27, 2015. The increase is due to interest expense incurred on our Second Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement entered into in May 2016.

Income Tax Expense.  Our income tax expense was $2.5 million for the three months ended January 1, 2017, reflecting an effective tax rate of 38.2%.  Our effective tax rate during the three months ended January 1, 2017 differs from the 35% statutory rate primarily due to the inclusion of the state tax rate in the overall effective rate.

Six months ended January 1, 2017 Compared to Six months ended December 27, 2015

Net Sales.  Net sales for the six months ended January 1, 2017, increased 0.5%, or $0.6 million to $111.8 million compared to $111.2 million for the six months ended December 27, 2015. The increase was primarily due to an increase in our net sales per unit, which increased by 2.7% due primarily to price increases, as well as increased sales of higher content option packages, partially offset by a reduction in unit volume of 29 units, or 2.1%.

Cost of Sales.  Our cost of sales decreased $0.3 million, or 0.3%, to $79.7 million for the six months ended January 1, 2017 compared to $80.0 million for the six months ended December 27, 2015. The decrease in cost of sales resulted primarily from lower warranty costs and a 2.1% decrease in total unit volume. This was partially offset by an increase in our cost of sales per unit of 1.8% due primarily to increased sales of higher content option packages.

Gross Profit.  For the six months ended January 1, 2017, our gross profit increased $0.9 million, or 2.9%, to $32.1 million compared to $31.2 million for the six months ended December 27, 2015. Gross margin increased to 28.7% for the six months ended January 1, 2017 compared to 28.1% for the six months ended December 27, 2015. The 60 basis point increase in gross margin resulted primarily from increased sales of higher content option packages which increased average gross profit per unit by 5.1%.

Operating Expenses.  Selling and marketing expense decreased $0.9 million, or 16.1%, to $4.5 million for the six months ended January 1, 2017 compared to $5.4 million for the three months ended December 27, 2015. This decrease resulted mainly from reduced spending on the MasterCraft Throwdown event as well as reductions in selling and marketing expenditures tied to the timing of launch activity. General and administrative expense decreased by $10.0 million, or 53.3%, to $8.9 million for the six months ended January 1, 2017 compared to $18.9 million for the six months ended December 27, 2015. This decrease resulted mainly from $11.9 million in reduced stock-based compensation cost, partially

offset by higher litigation costs and medical insurance costs. Operating expenses as a percentage of net sales was 12.0% during the six months ended January 1, 2017 compared to 21.9% for the six months ended December 27, 2015. This decrease was the result of the decrease in general and administrative expenses and selling and marketing expenses described above.

Other Expense.  Interest expense increased for the six months ended January 1, 2017 compared to the six months ended December 27, 2015. The increase is due to interest expense incurred on our Second Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement entered into in May 2016, partially offset by the write-off of deferred financing costs related to the debt extinguishment that occurred following our initial public offering in the six months ended December 27, 2015. Change in common stock warrant fair value for the six months ended January 1, 2017 decreased $3.4 million compared to the six months ended December 27, 2015, as all warrants were exercised during fiscal 2016.

Income Tax Expense.  Our income tax expense was $6.5 million for the six months ended January 1, 2017, reflecting an effective tax rate of 37.2%.  Our effective tax rate during the six months ended January 1, 2017 differs from the 35% statutory rate primarily due to the inclusion of the state tax rate in the overall effective rate. Our effective tax rate during the six months ended December 27, 2015 differs from the statutory rate primarily due to the change in fair value of the common stock warrant.

Non-GAAP Measures

We define EBITDA as earnings before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA further adjusted to eliminate certain non-cash charges and unusual items that we do not consider to be indicative of our ongoing operations, including change in common stock warrant fair value, fees and expenses related to our initial public offering, secondary offerings and follow-on offering and our stock-based compensation expense. We define Adjusted net income as net income adjusted to eliminate certain non-cash charges and unusual items that we do not consider to be indicative of our ongoing operations, including change in common stock warrant fair value, fees and expenses related to our initial public offering, our secondary offerings, our follow-on offering, our stock-based compensation expense, and an adjustment for income tax expense at a normalized annual effective tax rate.  We define Adjusted EBITDA margin as Adjusted EBITDA expressed as a percentage of sales. Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted net income and Adjusted EBITDA margin are not measures of net income or operating income as determined under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, which we refer to as GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted net income are not measures of performance in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (loss) or operating cash flows determined in accordance with GAAP. Additionally, Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to be a measure of cash flow for management’s discretionary use. We believe that the inclusion of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA margin and Adjusted net income is appropriate to provide additional information to investors because securities analysts, noteholders and other investors use these non GAAP financial measures to assess our operating performance across periods on a consistent basis and to evaluate the relative risk of an investment in our securities. We use Adjusted net income to facilitate a comparison of our operating performance on a consistent basis from period to period that, when viewed in combination with our results prepared in accordance with GAAP, provides a more complete understanding of factors and trends affecting our business than GAAP alone measures.  We believe Adjusted net income assists our board of directors, management and investors in comparing our net income on a consistent basis from period to period because it removes non-cash and non-recurring items.  Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted net income have limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

In addition, because not all companies use identical calculations, our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted net income may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies, including companies in our industry.

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income as determined in accordance with GAAP for the periods indicated: