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8-K - 8-K - BUFFALO WILD WINGS INCa201727bwldq48-k.htm


 
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Investor Relations Contact:
Heather Pribyl
952.540.2095
 

Buffalo Wild Wings, Inc. Announces
Fourth Quarter Earnings per Share of $0.87

- 2017 Earnings Per Diluted Share Outlook of $5.60 to $6.00 -

Minneapolis, Minnesota, February 7, 2017Buffalo Wild Wings, Inc. (NASDAQ: BWLD) announced today financial results for the fourth quarter and fiscal year ended December 25, 2016.

Key metrics for the fourth quarter, versus the same period a year ago, were:
Total revenue increased 0.8% to $494.2 million
Company-owned restaurant sales increased 0.9% to $470.5 million
Same-store sales decreased 4.0% at company-owned restaurants and 3.9% at franchised restaurants
Net earnings decreased 38.2% to $15.6 million from $25.3 million, and earnings per diluted share decreased 34.1% to $0.87 from $1.32
Key metrics for the full year 2016, versus 2015, were:
Total revenue increased 9.6% to $2.0 billion
Company-owned restaurant sales increased 10.3% to $1.9 billion
Same-store sales decreased 2.4% at company-owned restaurants and 2.7% at franchised restaurants
Net earnings decreased 0.3% to $94.7 million from $95.1 million, and earnings per diluted share increased 3.0% to $5.12 from $4.97






Sally Smith, President and Chief Executive Officer, commented, "The challenging restaurant environment continued in the fourth quarter and culminated with a difficult December. Our key programs to drive traffic at Buffalo Wild Wings, including FastBreak™ Lunch, Half-Price Wing Tuesdays®, and our Blazin' Rewards® loyalty program, have driven positive traffic so far in the first quarter."

Ms. Smith concluded, "Our focus for the year is to gain momentum on sales, improve our cost structure, grow internationally, optimize our domestic restaurant portfolio, and lower our cost of capital. The Buffalo Wild Wings brand remains differentiated, healthy, and strong and with operating income growing throughout the year. In 2017, we anticipate earnings per diluted share in the range of $5.60 to $6.00. We also recently announced an expanded share repurchase program with an accelerated timeline to achieve our target of 1.5x net debt to EBITDA by year-end."

Revenue

Total revenue increased 0.8% to $494.2 million in the fourth quarter, compared to $490.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2015. Full year total revenue increased 9.6% to $2.0 billion compared to $1.8 billion last year.
Company-owned restaurant sales for the fourth quarter increased 0.9% over the same period in 2015, to $470.5 million.
Franchise royalties and fees decreased 0.4% on lower revenues to $23.7 million for the quarter, versus $23.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2015.
Average weekly sales for company-owned Buffalo Wild Wings restaurants were $59,120 for the fourth quarter of 2016, compared to $61,971 for the same quarter last year, a 4.6% decrease due to same-store sales declines and more smaller-store openings.
Franchised Buffalo Wild Wings locations in the United States averaged $61,397 for the period versus $64,032 in the fourth quarter a year ago, a 4.1% decrease.

Restaurant-level costs and expenses

Cost of sales for the fourth quarter was 31.1% of restaurant sales compared to 29.5% in the fourth quarter last year, driven by higher traditional wing costs.
Traditional wings were $1.99 per pound in the fourth quarter, $0.18, 9.9%, higher than last year's fourth quarter average of $1.81.
Cost of labor for the fourth quarter was 31.8% of restaurant sales, 90 basis points higher than fourth quarter last year, resulting from sales deleverage, partially offset by lower Guest Experience Captain hours.
Restaurant operating expenses as a percentage of restaurant sales were 15.7%, an increase of 30 basis points from the fourth quarter of 2015, primarily driven by higher insurance and repair and maintenance expenses.
Occupancy costs were 5.9% as a percentage of restaurant sales, 30 basis points higher compared to the same quarter last year.





Restaurant-level profit was $73.2 million, or 15.6%, of restaurant sales, compared to $86.7 million, or 18.6%, in the fourth quarter last year. Full year restaurant level profit was $333.9 million, or 17.7%, 90 basis points lower than the prior year's $319.0 million or 18.6% due largely to sales deleverage and higher cost of goods and labor.

Other Expenses

Depreciation and amortization expense for the fourth quarter was $38.3 million, increasing 4.6%, due to new unit openings.
General and administrative expenses were $29.4 million in the fourth quarter, decreasing 5.9% from the same period last year, due to lower compensation expense.
Stock-based compensation was ($2.1) million in the fourth quarter compared to $2.0 million of expense in the prior year period.
Preopening expenses for the quarter totaled $3.5 million, versus $4.9 million in the fourth quarter last year, due to smaller openings as well as reduced lease expense.
Loss on asset disposal for the fourth quarter totaled $3.9 million compared to last year of $3.3 million.
Interest expense was $1.6 million in the fourth quarter, compared to $0.8 million in the prior year period. The increase is a result of higher borrowing on the line of credit.
Other expense (income) was $(1.3) million for the quarter compared to $73,000 of expense in 2015, due to the recognition of a gain from contingent consideration.
The effective tax rate during the quarter was 27.9%, compared to 24.7% in the prior year.

Earnings

Operating income was $21.8 million in the fourth quarter, or 4.4% of total revenue, compared to $34.5 million and 7.0% in the prior year. For the year, operating income was $136.7 million, or 6.9% of total revenue, compared to $138.5 million and 7.6%.
Net earnings decreased 38.2% to $15.6 million in the fourth quarter, versus $25.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2015. For the full year, net earnings decreased 0.3% to $94.7 million, versus $95.1 million in 2015.
Earnings per diluted share were $0.87, compared to fourth quarter 2015 earnings per diluted share of $1.32. Earnings per diluted share increased 3.0% to $5.12 in 2016, compared to $4.97 in 2015, driven by the $232.7 million of share repurchases in fiscal 2016.

Balance Sheet

Cash totaled $49.3 million at the end of 2016.
The credit facility had an outstanding balance of $170.0 million as of the end of the year.
The year ended with over $1.0 billion in total assets and $517.9 million in total equity.

Cash Flow

Cash flow from operations was $68.7 million for the quarter, a 2.5% decrease over the fourth quarter last year. For the full year, cash flow from operations was $282.6 million, a 19.1% increase over 2015.





Free cash flow in the fourth quarter was $44.8 million, compared to $22.1 million in the prior year. Free cash flow in 2016 was $140.9 million, compared to $64.7 million in the prior year.
827,639 shares were repurchased for a total of $126.9 million during the fourth quarter of 2016. For the year, 1,586,533 shares were repurchased for a total of $232.7 million.

2017 Outlook
 
The company expects the following approximate new unit development in 2017:
15 company-owned Buffalo Wild Wings restaurants in the United States
15 franchised Buffalo Wild Wings locations in the United States
20 franchised Buffalo Wild Wing locations internationally
2 company-owned and 12 to 15 franchised R Taco restaurants

The company expects the following in 2017:
Same-store sales growth of 1% to 2%
Restaurant-level margin improvement of 10 to 30 basis points
Traditional chicken wing inflation of 3.5% to 4.5%
Depreciation and amortization expense of $153 to $157 million
General and administrative expense of $149 to $153 million, including stock-based compensation of $12 to $13 million
Operating income growth of 9% to 13% over 2016, including the 53rd week
Interest and other expense of $15 million
Achieving leverage of 1.5x net debt to EBITDA by the end of the fiscal year
Share repurchases of $450 to $500 million
Earnings per diluted share of $5.60 to $6.00
Capital expenditures of approximately $100 million
Free cash flow of $160 to $170 million

Buffalo Wild Wings will be hosting a conference call today, February 7, 2017 at 4:00 p.m. Central Standard Time to discuss these results. There will be a simultaneous webcast conducted at our investor website IR.BuffaloWildWings.com.

A replay of the call will be available until February 14, 2017. To access this replay, please dial 1.844.512.2921 password 8999778.

About the Company

Buffalo Wild Wings, Inc., founded in 1982 and headquartered in Minneapolis, is a growing owner, operator and franchisor of Buffalo Wild Wings® restaurants featuring a variety of boldly-flavored, made-to-order menu items including its namesake Buffalo, New York-style chicken wings. The Buffalo Wild Wings menu specializes in 21 mouth-watering signature sauces and seasonings with flavor sensations ranging





from Sweet BBQ™ to Blazin’®. Guests enjoy a welcoming neighborhood atmosphere that includes an extensive multi-media system for watching their favorite sporting events. Buffalo Wild Wings is the recipient of hundreds of "Best Wings" and "Best Sports Bar" awards from across the country. There are currently more than 1,220 Buffalo Wild Wings locations around the world.

To stay up-to-date on all the latest events and offers for sports fans and wing lovers, like Buffalo Wild Wings on Facebook, follow @BWWings on Twitter and visit www.BuffaloWildWings.com.

Forward-looking Statements

This press release contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations or beliefs and can be identified by the use of terminology such as “anticipate,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “goal,” “may,” “ongoing,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “will,” and similar words or expressions. Forward-looking statements in this press release include those relating to our future financial and restaurant performance measures, including but not limited to those relating to sales trends and projected unit and earnings growth, our growth strategy, planned sales efforts, unit development and expansion, costs, share repurchase activity and cash requirements. Actual results may vary materially from those contained in forward-looking statements based on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, our ability to achieve and manage our planned expansion, the ability of our franchisees to open and manage new restaurants, market acceptance in the new geographic regions we enter (particularly non-U.S. locations), success of acquired restaurants, success of investments in new or emerging concepts, unforeseen obstacles in developing nontraditional sites or non-U.S. locations, our ability to obtain and maintain licenses and permits necessary to operate our existing and new restaurants, our franchisees’ adherence to our system standards, the cost of commodities such as traditional chicken wings and supply chain consistency, the success of our key initiatives and our advertising and marketing campaigns, our ability to control restaurant labor and other restaurant operating costs, the continued service of key management personnel, our ability to protect our name and logo and other proprietary information, economic conditions (including changes in consumer preferences or consumer discretionary spending), the impact of federal, state or local government regulations relating to our employees, the sale of food and alcoholic beverages, the effect of competition in the restaurant industry, our capital allocation plans, and other factors disclosed from time to time in our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, including the factors described under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2015, as updated by subsequent reports filed with the SEC. Investors should take such risks into account when making investment decisions. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which they are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement.
# # #





BUFFALO WILD WINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
(Dollar and share amounts in thousands except per share data)
(unaudited)
 


 
Three months ended
 
Twelve months ended
 
December 25,
2016
 
December 27,
2015
 
December 25,
2016
 
December 27,
2015
Revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restaurant sales
$
470,474

 
466,405

 
1,891,616

 
1,715,000

Franchise royalties and fees
23,717

 
23,818

 
95,177

 
97,722

Total revenue
494,191

 
490,223

 
1,986,793

 
1,812,722

Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restaurant operating costs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales
146,199

 
137,414

 
564,687

 
507,812

Labor
149,675

 
144,262

 
598,992

 
542,847

Operating
73,847

 
72,039

 
285,142

 
250,755

Occupancy
27,535

 
26,015

 
108,859

 
94,569

Depreciation and amortization
38,293

 
36,616

 
152,140

 
127,503

General and administrative
29,359

 
31,196

 
123,109

 
129,133

Pre-opening
3,539

 
4,903

 
8,730

 
14,154

Loss on asset disposals and impairment
3,945

 
3,282

 
8,434

 
7,462

Total costs and expenses
472,392

 
455,727

 
1,850,093

 
1,674,235

Income from operations
21,799

 
34,496

 
136,700

 
138,487

Interest expense
1,589

 
839

 
4,160

 
1,685

Other expense (income)
(1,268
)
 
73

 
(1,464
)
 
661

Earnings before income taxes
21,478

 
33,584

 
134,004

 
136,141

Income tax expense
5,992

 
8,292

 
39,791

 
41,265

Net earnings including noncontrolling interests
15,486

 
25,292

 
94,213

 
94,876

Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
(133
)
 
21

 
(532
)
 
(193
)
Net earnings attributable to Buffalo Wild Wings
$
15,619

 
25,271

 
94,745

 
95,069

Earnings per common share – basic
$
0.87

 
1.33

 
5.14

 
5.00

Earnings per common share – diluted
$
0.87

 
1.32

 
5.12

 
4.97

Weighted average shares outstanding – basic
17,955

 
19,036

 
18,445

 
19,013

Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted
18,014

 
19,173

 
18,491

 
19,131










The following table expresses results of operations as a percentage of total revenue for the periods presented, except for restaurant operating costs which are expressed as a percentage of restaurant sales:

 
Three months ended
 
Twelve months ended
 
December 25, 2016
 
December 27, 2015
 
December 25, 2016
 
December 27, 2015
Revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restaurant sales
95.2
 %
 
95.1
%
 
95.2
 %
 
94.6
 %
Franchise royalties and fees
4.8

 
4.9

 
4.8

 
5.4

Total revenue
100.0

 
100.0

 
100.0

 
100.0

Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restaurant operating costs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales
31.1

 
29.5

 
29.9

 
29.6

Labor
31.8

 
30.9

 
31.7

 
31.7

Operating
15.7

 
15.4

 
15.1

 
14.6

Occupancy
5.9

 
5.6

 
5.8

 
5.5

Depreciation and amortization
7.7

 
7.5

 
7.7

 
7.0

General and administrative
5.9

 
6.4

 
6.2

 
7.1

Pre-opening
0.7

 
1.0

 
0.4

 
0.8

Loss on asset disposals and impairment
0.8

 
0.7

 
0.4

 
0.4

Total costs and expenses
95.6

 
93.0

 
93.1

 
92.4

Income from operations
4.4

 
7.0

 
6.9

 
7.6

Interest expense
0.3

 
0.2

 
0.2

 
0.1

Other expense (income)
(0.3
)
 
0.0

 
(0.1
)
 
0.0

Earnings before income taxes
4.3

 
6.9

 
6.7

 
7.5

Income tax expense
1.2

 
1.7

 
2.0

 
2.3

Net earnings including noncontrolling interests
3.1

 
5.2

 
4.7

 
5.2

Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
(0.0
)
 
0.0

 
(0.0
)
 
(0.0
)
Net earnings attributable to Buffalo Wild Wings
3.2
 %
 
5.2
%
 
4.8
 %
 
5.2
 %





BUFFALO WILD WINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(Dollar amounts in thousands) (unaudited)
 
December 25, 2016
 
December 27, 2015
Assets
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash
$
49,266

 
11,220

Marketable securities

 
9,043

Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $251 and $25
34,225

 
34,087

Inventory
16,532

 
15,351

Prepaid expenses
9,075

 
6,386

Refundable income taxes
1,018

 
21,591

Restricted assets
66,471

 
100,073

Total current assets
176,587

 
197,751

 
 
 
 
Property and equipment, net
592,806

 
604,712

Reacquired franchise rights, net
118,973

 
129,282

Other assets
41,625

 
26,536

Goodwill
117,228

 
114,101

Total assets
$
1,047,219

 
1,072,382

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Deferred revenue
$
3,089

 
2,144

Accounts payable
45,797

 
44,760

Accrued compensation and benefits
47,304

 
55,578

Accrued expenses
32,347

 
21,678

Current portion of long-term debt and capital lease obligations
3,745

 
2,147

Current portion of deferred lease credits
873

 
59

System-wide payables
108,814

 
137,257

Total current liabilities
241,969

 
263,623

Long-term liabilities:
 
 
 
Other liabilities
16,109

 
16,473

Deferred income taxes
21,588

 
23,726

Long-term debt and capital lease obligations, net of current portion
205,312

 
70,954

Deferred lease credits, net of current
44,341

 
41,869

Total liabilities
529,319

 
416,645

Commitments and contingencies
 
 
 
Stockholders’ equity:
 
 
 
Undesignated stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, none issued

 

Common stock, no par value. Authorized 44,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 17,462,465 and 18,917,776, respectively
147,234

 
160,353

Retained earnings
374,683

 
499,085

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(3,878
)
 
(4,094
)
Total stockholders’ equity
518,039

 
655,344

Noncontrolling interest
(139
)
 
393

Total equity
517,900

 
655,737

Total liabilities and equity
$
1,047,219

 
1,072,382






BUFFALO WILD WINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
(unaudited)
 
Twelve months ended
 
December 25, 2016
 
December 27, 2015
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
Net earnings including noncontrolling interests
$
94,213

 
94,876

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operations:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
152,140

 
127,503

Loss on asset disposals and impairment
8,434

 
7,462

Deferred lease credits
4,284

 
4,052

Deferred income taxes
(2,138
)
 
(281
)
Stock-based compensation
325

 
13,647

Excess tax benefit from stock issuance
(204
)
 
(5,455
)
Change in fair value of contingent consideration
(3,691
)
 

Loss on investments in affiliates
2,805

 
687

Provision for bad debt expense
226

 

Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisitions:
 
 
 
Trading securities

 
(495
)
Accounts receivable
4,358

 
(4,313
)
Inventory
(1,148
)
 
(2,407
)
Prepaid expenses
(2,677
)
 
(691
)
Other assets
(7,778
)
 
(6,381
)
Deferred revenue
945

 
100

Accounts payable
4,462

 
4,445

Income taxes
20,777

 
(6,356
)
Accrued expenses
7,256

 
10,867

Net cash provided by operating activities
282,589

 
237,260

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
Acquisition of property and equipment
(141,699
)
 
(172,548
)
Acquisition of businesses/investments in affiliates
(3,862
)
 
(203,642
)
Purchase of marketable securities
(488
)
 
(12,301
)
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities
1,205

 
23,300

Net cash used in investing activities
(144,844
)
 
(365,191
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
Proceeds from revolving credit facility
668,377

 
352,678

Repayments of revolving credit facility
(532,907
)
 
(318,148
)
Proceeds from related party borrowing
6,365

 
36,179

Repurchases of common stock
(232,696
)
 
(25,000
)
Other financing activities
(3,901
)
 
(3,173
)
Issuance of common stock
4,209

 
5,355

Excess tax benefit from stock issuance
204

 
5,455

Tax payments for restricted stock units
(9,317
)
 
(7,847
)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
(99,666
)
 
45,499

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
(33
)
 
323

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
38,046

 
(82,109
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
11,220

 
93,329

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
$
49,266

 
11,220






BUFFALO WILD WINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Supplemental Information
Restaurant Count
Company-owned Restaurants (includes Buffalo Wild Wings, R Taco, and Buffalo Wild Wings-owned PizzaRev locations):
 
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
2016
603
609
617
631
2015
501
517
573
596
2014
443
449
463
491
2013
397
407
415
434
2012
327
330
343
381

Franchised Restaurants (includes Buffalo Wild Wings and R Taco locations):
 
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
2016
587
596
602
609
2015
593
593
569
579
2014
569
579
588
591
2013
514
525
534
559
2012
505
505
511
510

Restaurant Count Rollforward:
 
Twelve months ended
 
December 25, 2016
 
December 27, 2015
 
Corporate
 
Franchise
 
Total
 
Corporate
 
Franchise
 
Total
Buffalo Wild Wings
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
590

 
573

 
1,163

 
487

 
584

 
1,071

Opened
34

 
36

 
70

 
51

 
50

 
101

Acquired
1

 
(1
)
 

 
54

 
(54
)
 

Closed/Relocated
(4
)
 
(6
)
 
(10
)
 
(2
)
 
(7
)
 
(9
)
End of period
621

 
602

 
1,223

 
590

 
573

 
1,163

R Taco
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
4

 
6

 
10

 
2

 
7

 
9

Opened
5

 
1

 
6

 
1

 

 
1

Acquired

 

 

 
1

 
(1
)
 

Closed/Relocated
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
 

 

 

End of period
8

 
7

 
15

 
4

 
6

 
10

PizzaRev
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
2

 
n/a

 
2

 
2

 
n/a

 
2

Opened

 
n/a

 

 

 
n/a

 

Acquired

 
n/a

 

 

 
n/a

 

Closed/Relocated

 
n/a

 

 

 
n/a

 

End of period
2

 
n/a

 
2

 
2

 
n/a

 
2

Consolidated
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
End of the period
631

 
609

 
1,240

 
596

 
579

 
1,175







BUFFALO WILD WINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Supplemental Information

Same-Store Sales at Buffalo Wild Wings locations in United States and Canada
Company-owned Restaurants:

 
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Year
2016
(1.7%)
(2.1%)
(1.8%)
(4.0%)
(2.4%)
2015
7.0%
4.2%
3.9%
1.9%
4.2%
2014
6.6%
7.7%
6.0%
5.9%
6.5%
2013
1.4%
3.8%
4.8%
5.2%
3.9%
2012
9.2%
5.3%
6.2%
5.8%
6.6%

Franchised Restaurants:

 
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Year
2016
(2.4%)
(2.6%)
(1.6%)
(3.9%)
(2.7%)
2015
6.0%
2.5%
1.2%
0.1%
2.5%
2014
5.0%
6.5%
5.7%
5.1%
5.6%
2013
2.2%
4.1%
3.9%
3.1%
3.3%
2012
7.3%
5.5%
5.8%
7.4%
6.5%

Average Weekly Sales Volumes at Buffalo Wild Wings locations in United States and Canada
 
Company-owned Restaurants:
 
 
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Year
2016
$
62,829
59,894
59,690
59,120
60,366
2015
 
64,851
61,960
61,831
61,971
62,529
2014
 
60,966
59,403
59,643
62,119
60,470
2013
 
56,953
54,759
55,592
58,204
56,392
2012
 
55,131
51,524
52,561
55,595
53,783


Franchised Restaurants:
 
 
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Year
2016
$
65,636
62,454
61,497
61,397
62,662
2015
 
67,075
63,904
62,819
64,032
64,474
2014
 
63,852
61,845
61,586
63,949
62,595
2013
 
60,050
58,186
58,926
61,167
59,594
2012
 
57,282
54,766
55,608
58,490
56,570






Restaurant-Level Profit and Restaurant-Level Margin
Restaurant-level profit and restaurant-level margin are neither required by, nor presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP and are non-GAAP financial measures. Restaurant-level profit is defined restaurant sales less restaurant operating costs (cost of sales, labor, operating, and occupancy expense). Restaurant-level margin is defined as restaurant-level profit as a percentage of restaurant sales. Restaurant-level profit and restaurant-level margin have limitations as analytical tools, and should not be evaluated in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Management believes the restaurant-level profit and restaurant-level margin are important tools for investors because they are widely-used metrics within the restaurant industry to evaluate restaurant-level productivity, efficiency and performance. Management uses restaurant-level profit and restaurant-level margin as key performance indicators to evaluate the profitability of company-owned restaurants.
A reconciliation of restaurant sales to restaurant-level margin is provided below:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended
 
Twelve months ended
 
December 25, 2016
 
December 27, 2015
 
December 25, 2016
 
December 27, 2015
Restaurant sales
$
470,474

 
466,405

 
1,891,616

 
1,715,000

Restaurant operating costs
397,256

 
379,730

 
1,557,680

 
1,395,983

Restaurant-level profit
73,218

 
86,675

 
333,936

 
319,017

Restaurant-level margin
15.6
%
 
18.6
%
 
17.7
%
 
18.6
%

EBITDA

EBITDA is not required by, nor presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP and is a non-GAAP financial measure. The Company defines EBITDA as net earnings including non-controlling interests plus interest expense, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization. EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and should not be evaluated in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Management believes investors' understanding of our performance is enhanced by including this non-GAAP financial measure as a reasonable basis for evaluating our ongoing results of operations, without the effects of interest, taxes, and depreciation and amortization.

A reconciliation of net earnings including noncontrolling interests to EBITDA is provided below:

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended
 
Twelve months ended
 
December 25, 2016
 
December 27, 2015
 
December 25, 2016
 
December 27, 2015
Net earnings including noncontrolling interests
$
15,486

 
25,292

 
94,213

 
94,876

Income tax expense
5,992

 
8,292

 
39,791

 
41,265

Interest expense
1,589

 
839

 
4,160

 
1,685

Depreciation and amortization
38,293

 
36,616

 
152,140

 
127,503

EBITDA
$
61,360

 
71,039

 
290,304

 
265,329