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EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC.a311-glblxsection302office.htm
EX-32 - EXHIBIT 32 - TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC.a32-glblxsection906officer.htm
EX-31.2 - EXHIBIT 31.2 - TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC.a312-glblxsection302office.htm
EX-21.1 - EXHIBIT 21.1 - TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC.a211-listofsubsxconlonxfin.htm
EX-10.7 - EXHIBIT 10.7 - TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC.a107-glbl_xxamxx1xtoxproje.htm
EX-10.4 - EXHIBIT 10.4 - TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC.a1014-fourthamendmenttocre.htm

 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 ______________________________________________________________
FORM 10-K
 ______________________________________________________________
(Mark One)
x
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2015
OR
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to             
Commission File Number: 001-37528
 ______________________________________________________________
glbl.jpg
TerraForm Global, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 ______________________________________________________________
Delaware
 
47-1919173
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I. R. S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
 
7550 Wisconsin Avenue, 9th Floor, Bethesda, Maryland
 
20814
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
(240)-762-7700
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class
 
Name of Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, Class A, par value $0.01
 
NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
 ______________________________________________________________
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined by Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    o  Yes    x  No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    o  Yes    x  No



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    o  Yes    x  No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  o    No  x
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
 
o
  
Accelerated filer
 
o
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
x (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  
Smaller reporting company
 
o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  o     No  x
As of June 30, 2016, the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity of the registrant held by non-affiliates of the registrant (based upon the closing price of shares of Class A common stock of the registrant on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on such date) was approximately $362.2 million.
As of November 30, 2016, there were 113,206,700 shares of Class A common stock outstanding, 61,343,054 shares of Class B common stock outstanding, and no shares of Class B1 common stock outstanding.
 



TerraForm Global, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Table of Contents
Form 10-K
 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 1B.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 5.
Item 6.
Item 7.
Item 7A.
Item 8.
Item 9.
Item 9A.
Item 9B.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.
Item 13.
Item 14.
 
 
 
 
Item 15.




3



CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This communication contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. These statements involve estimates, expectations, projections, goals, assumptions, known and unknown risks, and uncertainties and typically include words or variations of words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “plan,” “seek,” “estimate,” “predict,” “project,” “goal,” “guidance,” “outlook,” “objective,” “forecast,” “target,” “potential,” “continue,” “would,” “will,” “should,” “could,” or “may” or other comparable terms and phrases. All statements that address operating performance, events, or developments that the Company expects or anticipates will occur in the future are forward-looking statements. They may include estimates of cash available for distribution to shareholders, earnings, revenues, capital expenditures, liquidity, capital structure, future growth, financing arrangements and other financial performance items (including future dividends per share), descriptions of management’s plans or objectives for future operations, products, services, or descriptions of assumptions underlying any of the above. Forward-looking statements provide TerraForm Global, Inc. and its subsidiaries' (the “Company”) current expectations or predictions of future conditions, events, or results and speak only as of the date they are made. Although the Company believes its expectations and assumptions are reasonable, it can give no assurance that these expectations and assumptions will prove to have been correct and actual results may vary materially.
Some of the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations, or cautionary statements, are listed below and further disclosed under the section entitled Item 1A. Risk Factors:
risks related to our relationship with SunEdison, Inc. (“SunEdison”);
risks related to the voluntary filing by SunEdison and certain of its domestic and international subsidiaries for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (the “SunEdison Bankruptcy”), including our transition away from reliance on SunEdison for management, corporate and accounting services, employees, critical systems and information technology infrastructure, and the operation, maintenance and asset management of our power plants, and the risk of recovery on our claims against SunEdison;
risks related to events of default and potential events of default arising under (i) our revolving credit facility, (ii) the indenture governing our 9.75% Senior Notes due 2022 (the “Senior Notes”), and/or (iii) project level financings and other agreements related to the SunEdison Bankruptcy, our failure to obtain corporate and/or project level audits, SunEdison’s failure to perform its obligations under project level agreements, and/or related adverse effects on our business and operations (including the delay in the filing of our periodic reports with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and other factors;
limitations on our ability to borrow under our revolving credit facility, the condition of the debt and equity capital markets and our ability to borrow additional funds and access capital markets, as well as our substantial indebtedness and the possibility that we may incur additional indebtedness going forward;
risks related to our failure to satisfy the requirements of Nasdaq, which could result in the delisting of our common stock;
risks related to our exploration and potential execution of strategic alternatives;
our ability to integrate the power plants we acquire from third parties or otherwise and realize the anticipated benefits from such acquisitions;
our ability to distribute cash from our project companies to the United States;
fluctuations in exchange rates of the currencies in which we generate our revenue and incur our expenses;
our ability to complete our pending acquisitions;
the willingness and ability of the counterparties to our offtake agreements to fulfill their obligations under such agreements;
price fluctuations and termination provisions related to our offtake agreements;
our ability to successfully identify, evaluate and consummate acquisitions, including from SunEdison;
risks related to conducting operations in emerging markets;
government regulation, including compliance with regulatory and permit requirements and changes in market rules, rates, tariffs, environmental laws and policies affecting renewable energy;
operating and financial restrictions placed on us and our subsidiaries related to agreements governing our indebtedness and other agreements of certain of our subsidiaries and project companies and in our corporate level revolving credit facility (the “Revolver”) and the indenture governing the Senior Notes;
our ability to compete against traditional and renewable energy companies;
hazards customary to the power production industry and power generation operations such as unusual weather conditions, catastrophic weather-related or other damage to facilities, unscheduled generation outages,


4


maintenance or repairs, interconnection problems or other developments, environmental incidents, or electric transmission constraints and curtailment and the possibility that we may not have adequate insurance to cover losses as a result of such hazards;
the variability of wind and solar resources, which may result in lower than expected output of our renewable energy facilities;
our ability to expand into new business segments or new geographies;
departure of some or all of the employees providing services to us, particularly executive officers or key employees and operations and maintenance or asset management personnel;
pending and future litigation;
our ability to operate our business efficiently, to operate and maintain our information technology, technical, accounting and generation monitoring systems, to manage capital expenditures and costs tightly, to manage risks related to international operations, and to generate earnings and cash flows from our asset-based businesses in relation to our debt and other obligations, including in light of the SunEdison Bankruptcy and the ongoing process to establish separate information technology systems; and
potential conflicts of interests due to the fact that certain of our directors and executive officers are also directors and executive officers of TerraForm Power, Inc. ("TerraForm Power").

The Company disclaims any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect changes in underlying assumptions, factors, or expectations, new information, data, or methods, future events, or other changes, except as required by law. The foregoing list of factors that might cause results to differ materially from those contemplated in the forward-looking statements should be considered in connection with information regarding risks and uncertainties, which are described in this annual report on Form 10-K, as well as additional factors we may describe from time to time in other filings with the SEC. You should understand that it is not possible to predict or identify all such factors and, consequently, you should not consider any such list to be a complete set of all potential risks or uncertainties.



5


PART I

Item 1. Business.
Overview
TerraForm Global, Inc. (“Global”) and its subsidiaries is a globally diversified renewable energy company that owns long-term contracted solar and wind power plants. Global’s business objective is to own and operate a portfolio of renewable energy power plants and to pay cash dividends to our stockholders. The Company’s portfolio consists of solar and wind power plants located in Brazil, China, India, Malaysia, South Africa, Thailand and Uruguay with an aggregate net capacity (based on our share of economic ownership) of 916.4 MW as of October 31, 2016.
We were formed as a Delaware corporation under the name SunEdison Emerging Markets Growth and Yield, Inc. on September 12, 2014 as a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of SunEdison, Inc. The name of the Company was changed from SunEdison Emerging Markets Growth and Yield, Inc. to SunEdison Emerging Markets Yield, Inc. on September 26, 2014. The name change from SunEdison Emerging Markets Yield, Inc. to TerraForm Global, Inc., became effective on April 1, 2015. Following our initial public offering (“IPO”) on August 5, 2015, Global became a holding company and its sole asset is a 64.8% equity interest in TerraForm Global, LLC (“Global LLC”). Global is the managing member of Global LLC, and operates, controls and consolidates the business affairs of Global LLC. Unless otherwise indicated or otherwise required by the context, references to “we,” “our,” “us” or the “Company” refer to Global and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Our principal executive offices are located at 7550 Wisconsin Avenue, 9th Floor, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, and our telephone number is (240) 762-7700. Our website address is www.terraformglobal.com.
The diagram below is a summary depiction of our organizational structure as of October 31, 2016:
capture12816.jpg
(1) Both SunEdison, Inc. and SunEdison Holdings Corporation are debtors in the SunEdison Bankruptcy (as defined below). SunEdison’s economic interest is subject to certain limitations on distributions to holders of Class B units during the Subordination Period and the Distribution Forbearance Period (as such terms are defined in Item 15. Note 18 - Related Parties). In the future,


6


SunEdison may receive Class B1 units and Class B1 common stock in connection with a reset of the incentive distribution right (“IDR”) target distribution levels or sales of power plants to Global LLC.
(2) The economic interest of holders of Class A units, Class B units and, in turn, holders of shares of Class A common stock, is subject to the right of holders of the IDRs to receive a portion of distributions after certain distribution thresholds are met.
(3) IDRs represent a variable interest in distributions by Global LLC and therefore cannot be expressed as a fixed percentage interest. All of our IDRs are currently issued to SunEdison Holdings Corporation, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of SunEdison, or its wholly owned subsidiary. In the event of a reset of the target distribution levels, holders of IDRs will be entitled to receive newly-issued Class B1 units of Global LLC and shares of our Class B1 common stock.
(4) Represents total borrowing capacity as of December 20, 2016, with availability of $350.0 million, subject to certain restrictions described in further detail in Item 1. Our Business - Revolving Credit Facility and Senior Notes due 2022.
Our Business Strategy
Our primary business strategy is to own and operate a portfolio of renewable energy power plants and to pay cash dividends to our stockholders. We also intend to grow our portfolio over time through acquisitions in order to increase the cash dividends we pay to our stockholders.
We have acquired a portfolio of long-term contracted clean power plants from SunEdison and unaffiliated third parties that have proven technologies, creditworthy counterparties, low operating risks and stable cash flows. We have focused on the solar and wind energy segments because we believe they are currently the fastest growing segments of the clean power generation industry globally. Solar and wind assets are also attractive because there is no associated fuel cost risk, the technologies have become highly reliable and assets have an expected life which can exceed 30 years. From time to time, we may selectively choose to acquire renewable energy projects before they have reached commercial operation if we believe there is greater value to the Company’s stockholders by owning the asset prior to commercial operation and if we believe that any risks to achieving commercial operation have been sufficiently mitigated.
On April 21, 2016, SunEdison and certain of its domestic and international subsidiaries voluntarily filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. As a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, current limitations on our ability to access the capital markets for our debt and equity securities, and other risks that we face, we have adjusted our focus to executing on our near term plans and priorities. These near term business objectives include:
focusing on the performance and efficiency of our existing portfolio of power plants;
mitigating, to the extent possible, the adverse impacts resulting from the SunEdison Bankruptcy, including ensuring the continuity of operation, maintenance and asset management of our power plants and seeking proposals, and engaging operation and maintenance (“O&M”) and asset management services, from third party providers to replace SunEdison and its affiliates;
working with our project level lenders to cure, or obtain waivers or forbearance of, defaults that have arisen under certain of our project level debt financings as a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy and delays in delivering project level audited financials;
resolving the pending commitment to acquire three operating power plants from BioTherm (as defined below); and
seeking to optimize our portfolio and capital structure by financing or refinancing certain power plants and/or exiting certain markets or selling certain assets if we believe the opportunity would improve stockholder value.
While we remain focused on executing our near-term objectives, we also continue to pursue our long-term business strategy, which is to own, operate and grow our portfolio with assets that have proven technologies, creditworthy counterparties, low operating risks and stable cash flows in emerging markets with favorable investment attributes. In addition, in connection with this long-term strategy and the SunEdison Bankruptcy, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) has initiated a process to explore and evaluate potential strategic alternatives to maximize stockholder value, which may include a merger or sale of our entire business or other business combination or sponsorship arrangement.


7


Our Portfolio
Our portfolio consists of solar and wind power plants located in Brazil, China, India, Malaysia, South Africa, Thailand, and Uruguay with an aggregate net capacity (based on our share of economic ownership) of 916.4 MW as of October 31, 2016. These power plants generally have long-term Power Purchase Agreements (“PPA”) with creditworthy counterparties. Our current portfolio has PPAs with a weighted average (based on net capacity according to share of economic ownership) remaining life of 17 years. Subject to market and other conditions, our long-term plan is to further expand and diversify our current portfolio by acquiring utility-scale and distributed assets located in our core markets and certain other jurisdictions, each of which we expect will also have a long-term PPA with a creditworthy counterparty. However, as a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, our existing rights to acquire certain projects from SunEdison may be unenforceable. In addition, recent market conditions affecting companies in our sector generally have limited our ability to acquire and finance projects at attractive returns, so our ability to complete opportunistic acquisitions from third-parties may be limited. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, solar energy represented 75%, 100% and 100% of our consolidated operating revenues, net for the respective periods, and for the year ended December 31, 2015, wind energy represented 25% of our consolidated operating revenues, net for the period.
The following tables list the solar and wind power plants that comprise our portfolio as of October 31, 2016:


8


Power Plant Name
Country
Power Plant Type
Gross Nameplate Capacity (MW) (1)
Net Capacity based on share of Economic Ownership (MW)(2)
Net Capacity based on share of Equity Ownership
(MW)
(2)
# of Sites
Weighted Average Remaining Duration of PPA (Years)(3)
Portfolio as of December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
Salvador
Brazil
Wind
203.2
203.2
203.2
9
16
Bahia
Brazil
Wind
103.5
103.5
103.5
5
16
Dunhuang
China
Solar
18.0
18.0
18.0
1
16
Honiton
China
Wind
148.5
148.5
148.5
3
13
SE 25(4)
India
Solar
25.0
25.0
1
20
NSM 24
India
Solar
24.0
24.0
24.0
1
21
Focal
India
Solar
23.0
23.0
11.3
2
24
NSM Suryalabh
India
Solar
39.0
39.0
19.1
1
23
NSM Sitara
India
Solar
31.0
31.0
15.2
1
23
NSM L’Volta
India
Solar
26.0
26.0
12.7
1
23
Millenium(4)
India
Solar
9.3
9.3
5.9
1
20
Brakes
India
Solar
7.7
7.7
5.4
1
13
Raj 5
India
Solar
5.0
5.0
5.0
1
20
ESP Urja(4)
India
Solar
5.0
3.7
3.7
1
20
Azure(4) 
India
Solar
5.0
3.7
3.7
1
20
Hanumanhatti
India
Wind
50.4
50.4
50.4
1
15
Gadag
India
Wind
31.2
31.2
31.2
1
12
Bhakrani
India
Wind
20.0
20.0
20.0
1
22
Silverstar Pavilion
Malaysia
Solar
10.0
5.1
4.8
2
18
Fortune 11
Malaysia
Solar
5.1
4.8
2.4
1
18
Corporate Season
Malaysia
Solar
4.0
2.5
1.9
1
18
Boshof
South Africa
Solar
65.9
33.6
33.6
1
18
Witkop
South Africa
Solar
32.9
16.8
16.8
1
17
Soutpan
South Africa
Solar
31.0
15.8
15.8
1
17
PP Solar
Thailand
Solar
3.6
3.6
3.6
3
28
Total Portfolio as of December 31, 2015
927.3
854.4
759.8
43
17
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subsequent Additions
 
 
 
 
 
NPS Star
Thailand
Solar
18.0
17.8
8.7
3
24
WXA
Thailand
Solar
17.8
17.8
8.7
3
24
Alto Cielo
Uruguay
Solar
26.4
26.4
26.4
1
27
Add'l 51% equity of NSM Suryalabh(5)
India
Solar
 
 
19.9
N/A
N/A
Add'l 51% equity of NSM Sitara(5)
India
Solar
 
 
15.8
N/A
N/A
Add'l 51% equity of NSM L'Volta(5)
India
Solar
 
 
13.3
N/A
N/A
Add'l 11% equity of Millenium (6)
India
Solar
 
 
1.0
 
 
Add'l 51% equity of Focal (6)
India
Solar
 
 
11.8
 
 
Total Subsequent Additions
62.2
62.0
105.6
7
29
Total Portfolio as of October 31, 2016
989.5
916.4
865.4
50
17
(1) Nameplate capacity represents the maximum generating capacity at standard test conditions of a facility. Revenue in the financial statements is based on nameplate capacity with the exception of unconsolidated businesses.
(2) Net capacity represents the maximum generating capacity at standard test conditions of a power plant multiplied by either the Company’s percentage of economic ownership of that power plant after taking into account any redeemable preference shares and shareholder loans held by the Company or percentage of equity ownership of that power plant, as applicable. In our Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2015, net capacity reflected a combination of equity and economic ownership. Net capacity as of December 31, 2015 has been updated to reflect net capacity based on economic ownership and net capacity based on equity ownership separately.
(3) Calculated as of October 31, 2016. The number represents a weighted average (based on net capacity based on share of economic ownership) of remaining duration.
(4) The PPAs for these power plants prohibit the transfer of a portion (or, in the case of SE 25, any) of the equity interests in the applicable project companies for a specified period of time after the achievement of commercial operation. The remaining equity interests in these project companies are expected to be transferred to the Company following the expiration of the equity lock up period in the applicable PPAs (ranging from November 2016 to March 2017). In the case of SE 25, despite not owning the equity interests in the project company, the Company receives approximately 100% of the economic value of the power plant through the payment to the Company of interest and principal on bonds issued by the project company to the Company.


9


(5) The remaining equity interests in NSM Suryalabh, NSM Sitara and NSM L’Volta that were not owned by the Company as of December 31, 2015 were transferred to the Company in April 2016.
(6) The remaining equity interests in Focal, 11% of the equity interests in Millenium and 26% of the equity interest in Azure that were not owned by the Company as of December 31, 2015 were transferred to the Company in the fourth quarter of 2016.

Recent Developments
SunEdison Bankruptcy
As discussed in “Business,” “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and other sections of this annual report, including our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto contained in this annual report, we currently depend significantly on SunEdison for operational, systems and staffing support, among other things. While we continue to evaluate SunEdison’s filings and will continue to monitor the conduct of the bankruptcy proceedings and work to assert and enforce any claims that we may have against SunEdison through those proceedings, the SunEdison Bankruptcy may have a material adverse effect on the Company given our reliance on SunEdison. No assurance can be given on the outcome of the SunEdison Bankruptcy or its impact on the Company. Our Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee (the “Conflicts Committee”) is responsible for oversight and approval of the business and affairs of the Company relating to or involving SunEdison and any of its affiliates (other than the Company), including in connection with the SunEdison Bankruptcy. The matters described in this section entitled “SunEdison Bankruptcy” and other matters that presented conflict of interest issues between the Company and SunEdison have been approved and authorized pursuant to this authority by those members of the Conflicts Committee in place at the time the applicable decision was made.
The Company is not a part of the SunEdison Bankruptcy and does not rely substantially on SunEdison for funding or liquidity. The Company continues to participate actively in the SunEdison Bankruptcy proceedings, and the SunEdison Bankruptcy will continue to have a negative impact on the Company given our complex relationship with SunEdison.
During the SunEdison Bankruptcy, SunEdison has not performed substantially as obligated under its agreements with us, including under sponsorship arrangements consisting of the various corporate level agreements put in place at the time of the Company’s IPO (collectively, the “Sponsorship Arrangement”) and certain O&M and asset management arrangements. SunEdison’s failure to perform substantially as obligated under its agreements with us, including under the Sponsorship Arrangement, project level O&M and asset management agreements and other support agreements may have a material adverse effect on the Company. Despite these adverse effects, the Company expects that it will be able to operate its business without the support of SunEdison pursuant to the plans for transitioning away from reliance on SunEdison that we are in the process of implementing. These plans include, among other things, establishing stand-alone information technology, accounting and other critical systems and infrastructure, directly hiring our employees, and seeking proposals for alternative O&M and asset management services for our power plants. In addition to the one-time costs of implementing a stand-alone organization, our business will be adversely affected to the extent we are unsuccessful in implementing the relevant plans or the resulting ongoing long-term costs are higher than the costs we are expecting to incur with SunEdison as a sponsor.
The project level financing agreements for our two remaining levered power plants in India and our three power plants in South Africa contain provisions that provide the lenders with the right to accelerate debt maturity due to the SunEdison Bankruptcy because SunEdison is an original sponsor of the project and/or a party to certain material project agreements, such as O&M and EPC related contracts. In addition, certain audited financial statements at the project level have been delayed, which may create or may have already created defaults at the project level for our levered power plants. If not cured or waived, these defaults may restrict the ability of the project companies to make distributions to us and may provide the lenders with the right to accelerate debt maturity. However, our corporate level revolving credit facility and the indenture governing our 9.75% Senior Notes due 2022 do not include an event of default provision triggered by the SunEdison Bankruptcy, and none of our power purchase agreements includes a provision that would permit the offtake counterparty to terminate the agreement as a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy.

On September 25, 2016, the Company filed its initial proof of claim in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case, and filed an amended proof of claim on October 7, 2016. As set forth in the proofs of claim, the Company believes it has unsecured claims against SunEdison that it estimates are in excess of $2.0 billion. These claims include, without limitation, claims for damages relating to breach of SunEdison's obligations under the Sponsorship Arrangement between the Company and SunEdison and other agreements; contribution and indemnification claims arising from litigation; claims relating to SunEdison’s breach of fiduciary, agency and other duties; and claims for interference with and the disruption of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries, including the loss of business opportunities, loss of business records, failure to provide timely audited financials, and the increased cost of financing and commercial arrangements. Many of these claims are contingent, unliquidated and/or disputed by SunEdison and other parties in interest in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case, and the estimated amounts of these claims


10


may change substantially as circumstances develop and damages are determined. In addition, recoveries on unsecured claims in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case are expected to be significantly impaired.
    
In addition, the Company believes that it may have claims entitled to administrative priority against SunEdison, including, without limitation, claims with respect to certain expenses that the Company has incurred after the commencement of the SunEdison Bankruptcy case; however, the Company expects SunEdison and other parties in interest in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case to dispute both the amount of these claims and whether or not these claims are entitled to administrative priority over other claims against SunEdison.

On November 7, 2016, the unsecured creditors’ committee in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case filed a motion with the bankruptcy court seeking standing to assert against the Company, on behalf of SunEdison, avoidance claims arising from intercompany transactions between the Company and SunEdison. The Company expects to vigorously contest this standing motion and, if standing is granted, the underlying avoidance claims. Furthermore, the Company is currently engaged in settlement discussions with SunEdison to resolve, among other issues, intercompany claims and defenses between the Company and SunEdison. While these settlement discussions remain ongoing and there can be no guaranty that a settlement will be reached, the Company believes that a successful settlement could facilitate the Company’s exploration of strategic alternatives to maximize stockholder value, including a merger or sale of our entire business. Any settlement would be subject to the approval of the bankruptcy court in the SunEdison Bankruptcy.

Our relationship with SunEdison, the ongoing SunEdison Bankruptcy, the delay of this Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, the delay of our Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2016 (as discussed below) and the conditions in the capital markets for our corporate level debt and equity securities have increased uncertainty and heightened some of the risks we face. Other aspects of the markets relevant to our business have remained relatively stable, including the expected performance of our power plants, long-term offtake agreements, and the credit quality of our offtakers. We have adjusted our plans and priorities in light of these developments. While we remain focused on executing our near term objectives, we will continue to monitor market developments and consider further adjustments to our plans and priorities if required.
Nasdaq Compliance
On March 31, 2016, we received a notification letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications. The notification letter stated that because the Company had not yet filed its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company was no longer in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1), which requires timely filing of periodic reports with the SEC. On May 17, 2016, we received an additional notification letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications. The notification letter stated that because the Company had not yet filed its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016, and because it remained delinquent in filing its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1). On May 27, 2016, in compliance with the deadline specified in the notification letters, the Company submitted a plan to Nasdaq as to how it planned to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements. On June 10, 2016, the Company received a letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications granting the Company an exception of 180 calendar days from the due date of the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, or until September 26, 2016, to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements. On August 16, 2016, we received an additional notification letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications. The notification letter stated that because the Company had not yet filed its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016, the Company was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1). On September 9, 2016, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq stating that due to the Company’s ongoing non-compliance with Nasdaq’s listing requirements, the Company would be delisted from The Nasdaq Global Select Market at the opening of business on September 20, 2016 unless the Company requested a hearing on the determination by September 16, 2016. On September 9, 2016, the Company requested a hearing and also requested a stay of the delisting, pending the hearing. On September 15, 2016, we received a letter from Nasdaq granting our request to extend the stay of delisting until the hearings panel made a decision after the hearing scheduled for November 3, 2016. At the hearing on November 3, 2016, the Company requested from Nasdaq an extension until March 27, 2017 to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements with respect to its delayed Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and its delayed Forms 10-Q for the periods ended March 31 and June 30, 2016.
On November 15, 2016, the Company received a notification letter from a Hearings Advisor from the Nasdaq Office of General Counsel informing the Company that the hearings panel granted the Company’s request for an extension until March 27, 2017 with respect to these delayed filings. The hearings panel granted the Company the maximum possible extension until the expiration of the hearings panel’s discretion to allow continued listing while the Company remains out of compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements. The hearings panel reserved the right to reconsider the terms of the extension and the


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Nasdaq Listing and Hearing Review Council may determine to review the decision should an event occur that calls into question the Company's ability to regain compliance by March 27, 2017.

In addition, on November 15, 2016, the Company received an additional notification letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications. The notification letter stated that because the Company has not yet filed its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016, and because it remains delinquent in filing its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and its Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31 and June 30, 2016, the Company is not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1). Based on discussions with the hearings panel’s staff, the extension until March 27, 2017 granted by the hearings panel also covers the non-compliance by the Company with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1) caused by the failure of the Company to timely file its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016.

Delayed Filing of Forms 10-Q
We have not yet filed our Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30 or September 30, 2016, respectively. On May 17, August 10 and November 10, 2016, we filed a Form 12b-25, Notification of Late Filing, with the SEC regarding our delayed Forms 10-Q for these respective quarters, in each case principally due to the need to complete all steps and tasks necessary to finalize our financial statements and other disclosures required to be in the filing.
Governance and Management Changes
On November 20, 2015, SunEdison Holdings Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of SunEdison, exercised its right to designate Mr. Peter Blackmore, Mr. John F. Stark and Mr. Christopher A. Compton to the Board. The Board also approved the following actions, effective as of November 20, 2015:
Mr. Blackmore was appointed as the new Chairman of the Board following the resignation as Chairman of the Board by Mr. Ahmad R. Chatila;
Mr. Blackmore, Mr. Stark and Mr. Compton were appointed as the sole members of the Conflicts Committee and, as a result, Mr. Mark Lerdal and Mr. Hanif Dahya were removed from the Conflicts Committee;
Mr. Carlos Domenech Zornoza was removed as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and Mr. Brian Wuebbels, the Chief Financial Officer and Chief Administrative Officer of SunEdison, was appointed to serve as the new President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company on a permanent basis; and
Mr. Alejandro Hernandez was removed as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company and Mr. Manavendra Sial, the Deputy Chief Financial Officer of SunEdison, was appointed to serve as interim Chief Financial Officer of the Company.


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Mr. Steven Tesoriere notified the Company of his resignation from the Board, effective immediately, prior to the meeting of the Board at which the foregoing actions were taken and was not present at such meeting. On, about or shortly after the conclusion of the meeting of the Board at which the foregoing actions were taken and, in any event after all the foregoing actions were taken, Mr. Francisco “Pancho” Perez Gundin, Mr. Mark Florian and Mr. Lerdal notified the Company of their resignation from the Board, effective immediately. In addition, as a result of and effective upon the termination of Mr. Domenech Zornoza from his position as an employee of SunEdison, Mr. Domenech Zornoza was removed as a member of the Board. Immediately prior to such meeting of the Board, Mr. Lerdal was the chairperson of the Conflicts Committee and a member of the Audit Committee of the Board, and Mr. Tesoriere was a member of the Audit Committee of the Board. The resignations of Messrs. Gundin, Florian and Lerdal were the result of their disagreement with the actions described above.
On November 22, 2015, Ms. Rebecca Cranna was appointed to serve as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company on a permanent basis, and Mr. Sial correspondingly stepped down as interim Chief Financial Officer of the Company.
On March 30, 2016, Mr. Wuebbels resigned from his position as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and resigned from his position as a director on the Board. Following the resignation of Mr. Wuebbels, at the proposal of SunEdison, the Board elected Mr. Ilan Daskal, the Chief Financial Officer Designee and Executive Vice President of SunEdison, to be a member of the Board and fill the vacancy created by Mr. Wuebbels’ resignation.
In connection with Mr. Wuebbels' resignation, the Board delegated all of the powers, authority and duties vested in the President and Chief Executive Officer to the Chairman of the Board, Mr. Blackmore. From March 30, 2016 until April 21, 2016, Mr. Blackmore served as the chairman of the Office of the Chairman. On April 21, 2016, the Board dissolved the Office of the Chairman and Mr. Blackmore was appointed as Interim Chief Executive Officer in addition to his role as Chairman of the Board. In connection with this appointment, Mr. Blackmore ceased to be a member of the Conflicts Committee. Mr. Stark was appointed as the Chairman of the Conflicts Committee, and Mr. Dahya was designated as a member of the Conflicts Committee.
On May 25, 2016, at the proposal of SunEdison, the Board appointed Mr. David Ringhofer, an Assistant General Counsel of SunEdison, to be a member of the Board effective upon the resignation of Mr. Chatila. Pursuant to an agreement entered into with SunEdison on May 26, 2016, the Company has undertaken to include Mr. Ringhofer as a nominee to the Board on the slate of directors to be elected at the next annual meeting of stockholders of the Company, unless Mr. Ringhofer resigns or is otherwise unable to serve as a director.
On May 26, 2016, Mr. Chatila resigned from his position as a director on the Board. The resignation was contingent upon, and effective immediately prior to, the appointment of Mr. Ringhofer as a member of the Board and did not alter Mr. Chatila’s prior approval of Mr. Ringhofer as a member of the Board as a director.
On June 24, 2016, Mr. Daskal resigned from his position as a director on the Board. The resignation was contingent upon, and effective immediately prior to, the appointment of Mr. Gregory Scallen, Head of Legal, Global EPC, Procurement and EHS of SunEdison, as an observer of the Board. The resignation did not alter Mr. Daskal’s prior approval by written consent to the appointment of Mr. Scallen to the Board as observer or director, as described below.
On June 24, 2016, at the proposal of SunEdison, the Board appointed Mr. Scallen as an observer of the Board, effective upon the resignation of Mr. Daskal and continuing until July 24, 2016, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal. The Board also approved Mr. Scallen to become a member of the Board on July 24, 2016.
On June 30, 2016, the Board appointed Mr. Thomas Studebaker as Chief Operating Officer of the Company and Mr. David Rawden as Interim Chief Accounting Officer, which appointments became effective on July 7, 2016.
On August 30, 2016, Mr. Ismael Guerrero Arias resigned as President, Head of Originations of the Company.
On August 30, 2016, Mr. Martin Truong resigned from his position as a director of the Board. The resignation was contingent upon, and effective immediately prior to, the appointment of Mr. David Springer, the Senior Vice President, EPC Global of SunEdison, to the Board as director. The resignation did not alter Mr. Truong’s prior approval by written consent to the appointment of Mr. Springer to the Board as a director, as described below.
On August 30, 2016, at the proposal of SunEdison, the Board executed a unanimous written consent that appointed Mr. Springer to the Board as a replacement director, effective immediately upon the resignation of Mr. Truong.
On October 13, 2016, the Board voted to increase the size of the Board to nine members and to elect Mr. Mark Lerdal and Mr. Fred Boyle to be members of the Board effective immediately. On December 1, 2016, the Board appointed Mr. Lerdal and Mr. Boyle to the Conflicts Committee of the Board, effectively immediately.


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Creation of LLC Conflicts Committee
On June 1, 2016, the Company, acting in its capacity as the sole managing member of Global LLC, adopted an amendment (the “LLC Agreement Amendment”) to the Fourth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Global LLC, dated as of August 5, 2015 (as amended from time to time, the “Global LLC Agreement”). Pursuant to the Second Amendment, until the first annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders held after December 31, 2016, the Company delegated to an independent conflicts committee (the “LLC Conflicts Committee”) the exclusive power to exercise all of its rights, powers and authority as the sole managing member of Global LLC to manage and control the business and affairs of Global LLC and its controlled affiliates relating to or involving SunEdison and any of its affiliates (other than the Company and its controlled affiliates) (as more specifically defined in the LLC Agreement Amendment, the “Conflicts Matters”).
The LLC Agreement Amendment was approved and authorized by the Company’s Conflicts Committee pursuant to the power and authority delegated to it by resolutions of the Board dated March 25, 2016 authorizing the Conflicts Committee, in anticipation of and in connection with a bankruptcy filing by SunEdison, to evaluate and act affirmatively with respect to matters involving or substantially relating to SunEdison, including actions to protect the Company’s contractual and other rights and otherwise to preserve the value of the Company and its assets. The decision to delegate authority to the Conflicts Committee with respect to these SunEdison related matters was taken by the Board in light of the obligation that material matters relating to SunEdison be approved by the Conflicts Committee. On June 1, 2016, the Board reaffirmed the power and authority delegated to the Conflicts Committee with respect to these SunEdison related matters by ratifying the adoption of the LLC Agreement Amendment.
The current members of the LLC Conflicts Committee are Mr. Stark, Mr. Compton Mr. Dahya, Mr. Lerdal and Mr. Boyle. New members may be appointed (i) by a majority of LLC Conflicts Committee members then in office or (ii) by the Company (in its capacity as managing member of Global LLC) with the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class A common stock of the Company, excluding any such shares held, directly or indirectly, by SunEdison or any of its affiliates (“Independent Shareholder Approval”).
Each member of the LLC Conflicts Committee must satisfy, in the determination of the LLC Conflicts Committee, the NASDAQ Global Select Market standards for “independent directors” and nominations committee members.
The delegation of exclusive power and authority to the LLC Conflicts Committee under the LLC Agreement Amendment may not be revoked and the members of the LLC Conflicts Committee may not be removed, other than by a written instrument signed by the Company, acting in its capacity as managing member of Global LLC, with either (i) the written consent of a majority of the LLC Conflicts Committee members then in office, or (ii) Independent Shareholder Approval.
Dividends
On February 29, 2016, the Company declared a quarterly dividend for the fourth quarter of 2015 on the Company’s Class A common stock of $0.275 per share, or $1.10 per share on an annualized basis.  The dividend was paid on March 17, 2016 to stockholders of record as of March 10, 2016. We have not declared or paid a dividend for the first, second, or third quarter of 2016. As a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, the limitations on our ability to access the capital markets for our corporate debt and equity securities, and other risks that we face, we believe it is prudent to defer any decisions on paying dividends to our stockholders for the time being.
Exploration of Strategic Alternatives
On September 19, 2016, the Company announced that, at the recommendation of the Conflicts Committee, our Board has initiated a process to explore and evaluate potential strategic alternatives to maximize stockholder value, including a merger or sale of our entire business. We have entered into confidentiality arrangements with SunEdison and representatives of certain of its stakeholders to allow us to share confidential information about strategic alternatives and other matters. Certain strategic alternatives for us may require stockholder approval. Since SunEdison is operating under Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, many decisions made by SunEdison, such as how to vote its shares in Global to approve a merger or sale of substantially all of Global’s assets, may require the approval of the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York.
We also initiated discussions with SunEdison and/or its stakeholders to settle intercompany claims and defenses between the Company and SunEdison in an effort to achieve such settlement on a schedule that is consistent with our pursuit of strategic alternatives.
Our exploration of strategic alternatives involves certain risks and uncertainties, which may, among other things, disrupt our business or adversely impact our revenue, operating results and financial condition. A change of control that results in a subsequent holder or holders of our stock gaining control of the Company without the consent of our Revolver lenders would


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constitute an event of default under our Revolver and would require Global Operating to offer to repurchase its Senior Notes at 101% of the applicable principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, to the repurchase date. Furthermore, a change of control would trigger a termination of the Interest Payment Agreement. SunEdison can enter into these transactions without needing the approval of our Class A common stockholders, but sales or transfers of SunEdison’s ownership interests are subject to certain restrictions under our governing documents. If we are unable to find suitable replacements, our ability to implement our strategy could be diminished. Additionally, the occurrence of such changes may trigger change of control provisions found in certain of our PPAs. See “Risks Related to our Business” and “Risks Related to our relationship with SunEdison and the SunEdison Bankruptcy” within Item 1A. Risk Factors for additional information. There can be no assurance that our exploration of strategic alternatives will result in any transaction being consummated, and speculation and uncertainty regarding the outcome of our exploration of strategic alternatives may adversely impact our business.
Acquisitions
Completed Acquisitions and Transfers
Honiton
On May 14, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of 100% of the outstanding shares of Honiton Energy XIL Holdings Limited (“Honiton XIL”) and Honiton Energy BAV Holdings Limited (“Honiton BAV,” and together with Honiton XIL, “Honiton”) from Honiton Energy Caymans Limited. Honiton operates three wind power plants located in China with an aggregate net capacity of 148.5 MW. The aggregate consideration paid for this acquisition was $109.1 million in cash, which was funded with proceeds from the private placement offerings we conducted in 2015 (the “Private Placement offerings” or “Private Placements”) (see Item 15. Note 13 - Stockholders’ Equity for additional information on the Private Placement offerings).
NSM 24
On June 9, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of a 51.0% equity interest in SEI Solar Power Private Limited (“NSM 24”) from Astronergy Solar Korea Co. Limited. NSM 24 owns a solar power plant located in India with an aggregate net capacity of 24.0 MW. The aggregate consideration paid for the acquisition of this interest was $9.1 million in cash.
Concurrently, SunEdison contributed its 49.0% equity interest in NSM 24 to the Company, which was remeasured from SunEdison’s historical cost basis to fair value of $8.7 million at the time of the acquisition. Accordingly, the NSM 24 acquisition was accounted for as a step acquisition, and the Company recognized a gain of $1.4 million related to the remeasurement of the equity interest in NSM 24 to fair value. This remeasurement gain is reported as a gain on previously held equity investment in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Witkop/Soutpan
On August 6, 2015, SunEdison completed the acquisition of an additional 41.3% equity interest in the solar power plants Witkop and Soutpan located in South Africa with an aggregate net capacity of 32.6 MW from a subsidiary of Chint Solar (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd. Prior to this purchase, SunEdison held a 9.7% interest in each of these solar power plants, which were accounted for as equity method investments in its consolidated financial statements. Concurrent with its acquisition of additional equity interest in Witkop and Soutpan, SunEdison transferred its aggregate interest in each of these solar power plants and an intermediary holding entity to the Company. The aggregate consideration paid by the Company for the acquisition of these interests was $38.7 million in cash, which was funded with proceeds from the Private Placement offerings. The combined fair value of the Company’s aggregate interest was $47.8 million on the date of the acquisition.
Renova - Bahia/Salvador
In July 2015, the Company entered into agreements with Renova Energia S.A. (“Renova”) to acquire two wind power plants and one hydro-electric power plant in Brazil that have an aggregate net capacity of approximately 336.2 MW (the “Renova Transaction”). On September 18, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of Salvador and Bahia, two wind power plants that represent 306.7 MW of aggregate net capacity. The consideration paid for the Salvador and Bahia wind power plants was $321.3 million, comprised of $117.3 million in cash, 20,327,499 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock valued at $183.6 million based on the value on September 18, 2015 of $9.03 per share and a put/call arrangement contributed by SunEdison with a fair value of $20.4 million
In the first quarter of 2016, the Company agreed with Renova on the final purchase price adjustments for wind power plants. The adjustments are factored into the allocation of assets and liabilities as of the acquisition date. Pending settlement, the revised consideration paid for the Salvador and Bahia wind power plants is $320.7 million. This is comprised of $117.7 million


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in cash, 20,223,581 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock valued at $182.6 million based on the value on September 18, 2015 share price of $9.03 per share and a put/call arrangement contributed by SunEdison with a fair value of $20.4 million.
In connection with the closing of the Salvador and Bahia acquisitions, the Company entered into an omnibus closing agreement (the “Omnibus Agreement”) with Global LLC, SunEdison, certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries, and Renova, pursuant to which, among other things, the Company accepted certain financing liens on certain bank accounts related to the Bahia and Salvador power plants (the “Renova Liens”). In exchange for its acceptance of the Renova Liens, Renova granted to Global LLC a security interest in certain shares of the Company’s Class A common stock received by Renova in connection with the Renova Transaction and an agreement to place $5.0 million of the purchase price for the Bahia wind power plant and certain future dividends payable to Renova into an escrow account as security for Renova’s performance of its obligations to release the Renova Liens. On January 27, 2016, Renova released the liens related to the Bahia and Salvador wind power plants. Therefore, in March 2016 and pursuant to the terms of the Omnibus Agreement, the cash held in escrow was released to Renova, and Global LLC terminated its security interest in the 19,221,671 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock owned by Renova.
After the closing of the Bahia and Salvador acquisitions, the various project companies repaid their outstanding project level indebtedness in full on September 30, 2015. Although the repayment of this indebtedness resulted in the termination of all guarantees and restrictions arising under the financing agreements, as of December 31, 2015, the project lender had not provided a release letter to the escrow agent under the financing agreements, and as a result approximately $49.2 million in funds of the Bahia and Salvador project companies continued to be held in restricted accounts as of December 31, 2015. On March 31, 2016, the project lender provided the release letter to the escrow agent, thereby lifting any and all restrictions on usage of funds in the previously restricted accounts.
As a result of the Renova Transaction, Renova is entitled to appoint one director to the Company’s Board, and such right will continue so long as Renova holds at least 28% of the 20,327,499 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock that Renova received in connection with the Renova Transaction. As of October 31, 2016, Renova held 20,327,499, or 100%, of those shares. Renova has not exercised its right to appoint a director of the Board.
As further described in Item 15. Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies, Renova has filed a request for arbitration to bring certain claims against the Company related to the Renova Transaction including, but not limited to, claims that the Company was liable to satisfy SunEdison’s obligations under a put/call arrangement entered into between SunEdison and Renova in connection with the Renova Transaction, and claims for common law fraud and securities fraud in connection with the Salvador and Bahia transactions.
FERSA
On October 7, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of three Indian wind power plants, Bhakrani, Gadag and Hanumanhatti (the “FERSA Projects”), which represent 101.6 MW of aggregate net capacity, from Fersa Energias Renovables, S.A. (“FERSA”), a Spanish wind developer. The aggregate consideration paid for the FERSA Projects was approximately $72.4 million, which includes the repayment of project level indebtedness of $39.0 million. FERSA was accounted for as an equity method investment as of December 31, 2015. As of January 1, 2016, as a result of the adoption of ASU 2015-02, the Company is the primary beneficiary and thus has consolidated the acquired power plants.
NPS Star and WXA
On February 24, 2016, SunEdison transferred to the Company a 49% equity interest, constituting a controlling interest and substantially all of the economic interest, in each of NPS Star and WXA, each of which consists of three solar power plants located in Thailand. These solar power plants, which achieved commercial operation in December 2015 and represent 35.6 MW of aggregate net capacity, were required to be contributed to Global, without further payment, pursuant to the Project Investment Agreement between SunEdison and the Company.
Alto Cielo
On April 8, 2016, the Company completed the acquisition of a 100% ownership interest in the Alto Cielo solar power plant located in Uruguay with an aggregate net capacity of 26.4 MW from Solarpack Corporación Tecnológica, S.L. The power plant reached commercial operation in March 2016. The aggregate cash consideration paid for the Alto Cielo power plant was $32.3 million, of which $1.9 million is being held in escrow accounts until certain conditions are met.


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Transfer of Balance of Equity in Certain Projects in India
In April 2016, SunEdison transferred to the Company the balance of 51.0% of the equity interests in the NSM Suryalabh, NSM Sitara and NSM L’Volta solar power plants in India following the expiration of the equity lock-up period in the applicable PPAs. Consideration for the transfer of the balance of 51.0% of the equity interests in these power plants was received by SunEdison in the form of shares of the Company’s Class B common stock that were issued to SunEdison at the time of our IPO, and there was no further payment made by the Company to SunEdison at the time of the transfer.
In October 2016, SunEdison transferred to the Company 11.0% of the equity interests in the Millenium solar power plant in India for cash consideration of approximately $1.0 million. In addition, SunEdison transferred to the Company the balance of 51.0% of the equity interests in the Focal solar power plant in India following the expiration of the equity lock-up period in the applicable PPAs, at which time the Company was required to make a cash payment of $0.5 million to the original project developer, a third party. Consideration for the transfer of the balance of 51.0% of the equity interests in the Focal power plant was received by SunEdison in the form of shares of the Company's Class B common stock that were issued to SunEdison at the time of our IPO, and there was no further payment made by the Company to SunEdison at the time of the transfer.
In October 2016, the Company also entered into arrangements with SunEdison for the transfer of the balance of the equity interests in the Millenium, Azure, ESP Urja and SE-25 solar power plants in India, in each case following the expiration of the equity lock-up period in the applicable PPAs (ranging from November 2016 to March 2017) and without further action by SunEdison. Consideration for the transfer of the balance of the equity interests in these power plants was received by SunEdison in the form of shares of the Company’s Class B common stock that were issued to SunEdison at the time of our IPO, and there will be no further payment to be made by the Company to SunEdison at the time of these planned transfers. In November 2016, the balance of 26% of the equity interests in Azure were transferred to the Company in accordance with these arrangements.
Pending Acquisition
BioTherm
In April 2015, the Company entered into purchase and sale agreements to acquire a controlling interest in three operating power plants located in South Africa with an aggregate net capacity of 32.6 MW from BTSA Netherlands Cooperatie U.A. (“BioTherm”). The aggregate consideration payable for the controlling interests in these three power plants is approximately $74.5 million in cash, comprised of approximately $67.6 million and ZAR 100.4 million (approximately $6.9 million as of December 31, 2015), plus 544,055 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, which is fixed in accordance with the purchase and sale agreements. The cash used to fund these acquisitions is primarily from the Company's Private Placement offerings. The aggregate consideration includes amounts for certain additional rights and services. The completion of the BioTherm transaction remains subject to obtaining consents from project lenders and is expected to occur in the first quarter of 2017.
In August 2015, the Company paid $65.6 million in cash for the interests in the solar power plants Aries and Konkoonsies, and the wind power plant Klipheuwel, as well as certain additional rights. In addition to the cash consideration, the Company provided 544,055 shares of its Class A common stock as consideration for the interests in the three power plants. Approximately $20.3 million of the cash payment and all of the 544,055 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock were deposited into an escrow account. The cash portion of this escrow deposit is reported as non-current restricted cash on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015. The remaining paid consideration of $45.3 million in cash and the August 2015 fair value of the 544,055 shares are reported as a deposit for acquisitions on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015.
As of December 31, 2015, the remaining balance due is approximately $8.9 million, comprised of $2.0 million and ZAR 11.6 million ($0.8 million) due to BioTherm and ZAR 88.9 million due to minority interests ($6.1 million). Prior to the completion of the BioTherm transaction, BioTherm is required to direct payment of all distributions from the Klipheuwel power plant to the Company, and the Company and BioTherm are required to jointly direct the release of amounts equal to the cash distributions from the Aries and Konkoonsies solar power plants from the escrow to the Company.
Pending receipt of the consents from the project lenders, the Company may at its discretion direct a sale of the power plants to a third party. In respect of the Aries and Konkoonsies projects, due to the fact that the closing did not occur by November 30, 2016, the parties have engaged in discussion to agree upon an alternative structure that would permit release of the escrowed funds as required pursuant to the applicable purchase and sale agreements. Failure to complete the transaction, or to reach agreement upon an alternative structure that would permit release of the escrowed funds, by January 30, 2017 would entitle BioTherm to sell the power plants to a third party. Upon closing of a sale to a third party, all sale proceeds are required to be paid to the Company, any amounts remaining in the escrow account are required to be released to BioTherm and the Company is required to pay the remainder of the purchase price.


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Incomplete IPO Project Transfers and Dropdowns
Del Litoral, El Naranjal and Bora Bora Poly
Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO on August 5, 2015, and pursuant to the Project Investment Agreement (the "Project Investment Agreement") between SunEdison and the Company, SunEdison agreed to contribute to the Company certain projects, without further payment, once each project reached commercial operation. These projects include the 17.4 MW Del Litoral and 57.4 MW El Naranjal solar power projects in Uruguay (the “Uruguay Projects”), the 24.1 MW Bora Bora Poly wind power project located in India, and the 17.8 MW NPS Star and 17.8 MW WXA solar power projects in Thailand. The NPS Star and WXA solar power plants reached commercial operation in December 2015 and were transferred by SunEdison to the Company in the first quarter of 2016.
On March 23, 2016, SunEdison and the Company entered into an amendment to the Project Investment
Agreement, which extended the contribution deadline for SunEdison to contribute the remaining projects pursuant to the Project Investment Agreement to July 31, 2016. As part of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, the construction on the projects was materially delayed and/or abandoned due to the lack of funding by SunEdison. There were material amounts of project costs and equity contributions for the Uruguay Projects that remained to be contributed by SunEdison in order to complete construction of these projects and disbursement of the project finance debt facilities. Additionally, SunEdison experienced delays in completing construction of the Bora Bora Poly wind power project in India, and the transfer of the project required project lender consent, which was not obtained. In light of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, we will not obtain these projects under the Project Investment Agreement and we will not obtain any substitute projects from SunEdison.

425 MW India Projects
On November 20, 2015, the Company and SunEdison Holdings Corporation entered into an Equity Interest Purchase and Sale Agreement pursuant to which the Company agreed to acquire from SunEdison Holdings Corporation a portfolio of 17 solar energy projects in India with an aggregate nameplate capacity of 425 MW (the “425 MW India Projects”). This agreement was subsequently amended and restated on December 1, 2015. Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Equity Interest Purchase and Sale Agreement (the “India PSA”), the Company paid $231.0 million in cash to SunEdison Holdings Corporation in exchange for the 425 MW India Projects, which projects would be transferred to the Company upon satisfaction of certain conditions precedent.
During 2016, and beginning prior to the SunEdison Bankruptcy, the Company became aware that there was substantial risk that the 425 MW India Projects would not be completed and transferred to the Company in accordance with the India PSA.
In April 2016, the Company filed a verified complaint against SunEdison, SunEdison Holdings Corporation, Ahmad Chatila, Martin Truong and Brian Wuebbels in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware (see Item 15. Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies). The complaint asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duty, breach of contract and unjust enrichment relating to the failure by SunEdison to transfer the equity interests in the 425 MW India Projects for which the Company paid $231.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2015. The complaint seeks various forms of relief, including a constructive trust upon the equity interests of SunEdison in the 425 MW India Projects, money damages from the defendants, restoration of the $231.0 million to the Company and such other relief as the court may deem just and proper. The claims against SunEdison have been stayed as a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy. The individual defendants filed an answer to the complaint on June 30, 2016.
The $231.0 million paid by the Company in accordance with the India PSA is reported as a deposit for acquisitions on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015. The Company determined that the deposit for acquisition of the 425 MW India Projects was not realizable as of December 31, 2015 and recorded a provision for contingent loss of the full $231.0 million in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015. The Company also recorded a corresponding charge in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2015.
In September 2016, the Company reached an agreement with certain subsidiaries of SunEdison pursuant to which the Company has consented to the sale of certain of SunEdison’s subsidiaries’ assets to a third party buyer (the “Third Party Sale Transaction”). The Third Party Sale Transaction is being conducted in connection with SunEdison’s bankruptcy process and includes the 425 MW India portfolio. The Company has agreed not to pursue claims against a third party buyer, however the Company has retained all of its claims against SunEdison and its affiliated persons. As a condition to the Company’s consent to the Third Party Sale Transaction, the Company and certain subsidiaries of SunEdison that directly or indirectly own the assets to be subject to the Third Party Sale Transaction have entered into a proceeds sharing arrangement pursuant to which the Company is entitled to receive a portion of the cash proceeds received by the SunEdison parties in the Third Party Sale Transaction. The Company has received $6.7 million in cash proceeds from this arrangement.


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Terminated Acquisitions
LAP
In May 2015, SunEdison entered into a share purchase agreement with the stockholders of Latin America Power Holding, B.V. (“LAP”), to acquire certain hydro-electric and wind power plants located in Peru with a combined nameplate capacity of 72.5 MW (the “Peru Facilities”). SunEdison intended to transfer the Peru Facilities to the Company after the closing of the acquisition.
The share purchase agreement was subsequently terminated by the parties thereto and, as a result of such termination, the Company will not acquire the Peru Facilities from SunEdison. All outstanding claims pending before arbitration tribunals and courts among the parties to the share purchase agreement were resolved pursuant to a settlement agreement entered into among the parties to the share purchase agreement on March 3, 2016 and a subsequent settlement agreement entered into among the parties to the share purchase agreement on April 20, 2016. The Company, which had no contractual obligation in connection with the LAP transaction, was not named as a party in any such arbitration or court proceeding and has no liability arising out of the settlement agreement.
GME
In June 2015, the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement (the "GME Agreement") with the stockholders of Globeleq Mesoamérica Energy (Wind) Limited (“GME”) to acquire four wind power plants and a solar power plant in Honduras, Costa Rica and Nicaragua representing an aggregate capacity of 326.0 MW, as well as GME’s wind and solar development platform. The aggregate consideration payable by the Company to GME would have been comprised of $337.9 million in cash and 701,754 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, plus interest of 15% per annum on the purchase price accruing from October 1, 2015. Immediately following the acquisition of GME by the Company, the Company expected to sell GME’s development platform to SunEdison. In addition, shortly following the completion of the GME acquisition, the Company expected to pay $46.9 million to SunEdison for the Choluteca solar power plant upon the closing of a separate purchase agreement between SunEdison and GME, subject to a potential downward adjustment based on the actual tariff rates awarded to the power plant.
The consummation of the GME transaction was subject to various conditions, including the receipt of consents from the project lenders, which consents were not received by the long-stop date of March 12, 2016 under the GME Agreement. Under the GME Agreement, in the event that the transaction did not close by March 12, 2016, either the Company or the sellers could terminate the transaction. As a result, on March 14, 2016, the Company terminated the GME Agreement. In December 2016, the Company and the stockholders of GME entered into a mutual release agreement pursuant to which each party agreed to release all potential claims against the other party in connection with the GME transaction. Pursuant to the release agreement, the Company paid $0.4 million to the stockholders of GME as a reimbursement for certain expenses incurred in connection with the GME transaction.
Renova - ESPRA
On March 29, 2016, the Company entered into a Termination Agreement (the “Termination Agreement”) with Renova with respect to the Securities Purchase Agreement dated July 15, 2015 among the Company, SunEdison and Renova relating to the ESPRA hydro-electric power plant (the “ESPRA SPA”). The Termination Agreement provides that, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, the ESPRA SPA will be terminated by mutual agreement of the Company and Renova. These conditions were satisfied on March 31, 2016 and the ESPRA SPA has been terminated. The Termination Agreement provides that the Company will pay Renova $10.0 million in connection with the termination of the ESPRA SPA. The Company made this payment to Renova on April 1, 2016, and recorded it as Acquisition, formation and related costs in the unaudited consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2016. Pursuant to the Termination Agreement, the Company and Renova have granted each other full releases of any further obligations under the ESPRA SPA; however, as further described in Item 15. Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies, on July 14, 2016, Renova filed a request for arbitration against the Company and certain subsidiaries related to the Renova Transaction including, but not limited to, claims that the Company was liable to satisfy SunEdison’s obligations under a put/call arrangement entered into between SunEdison and Renova in connection with the Renova Transaction, and claims for common law fraud and securities fraud in connection with the Salvador and Bahia transactions.


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Revolving Credit Facility and Senior Notes due 2022
Revolving Credit Facility
TerraForm Global Operating, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Global LLC (“Global Operating LLC”), had drawn $135.0 million on the Revolver as of December 31, 2015. Additionally, as of December 31, 2015, Global Operating LLC had issued a letter of credit for $0.5 million under the terms of the Revolver in support of the Alto Cielo acquisition. On September 8, 2016, Global Operating LLC repaid the $135.0 million balance on the Revolver in connection with the consent solicitation of its Senior Notes and entry into the Second Supplemental Indenture as described below. Pursuant to the terms of the supplemental indenture, we may not borrow under the Revolver until the earlier of March 8, 2017 or such time as SunEdison has disposed of all or substantially all of its equity interests in the Company and an offer has been made to repurchase the Senior Notes at a purchase price in cash at least equal to 101% of the applicable principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, to the repurchase date (or a binding agreement to make such an offer has been entered into).

On March 30, 2016, Global Operating LLC entered into a first amendment to the Revolver to amend certain financial covenants to extend the date on which the Company must deliver to the administrative agent and the other lenders party to the Revolver its financial statements and accompanying audit report with respect to the year ended December 31, 2015 (the “2015 Financials”) to April 30, 2016 and to provide for the engagement of a financial consultant to serve as advisor to the Revolver lenders. On April 29, 2016, Global Operating LLC entered into a second amendment to the Revolver, which further extended the due date for the delivery of the 2015 Financials to May 7, 2016.
However, on May 6, 2016, Global Operating LLC entered into a third amendment (the “Third Amendment”) to the Revolver. The Third Amendment reduced the aggregate amount of the revolving commitments to $350.0 million. Additionally, the Third Amendment extended the date by which the Company must deliver to the Administrative Agent and the other lenders party to the Revolver the 2015 Financials to the earlier of (a) the tenth business day prior to the date on which the failure to deliver the 2015 Financials would constitute an event of default under the indenture governing the Senior Notes and (b) March 30, 2017. The Third Amendment also extended the date by which the Company must deliver its unaudited quarterly financial statements with respect to the quarter ended March 31, 2016 to June 30, 2016 and with respect to the fiscal quarters ended June 30, 2016 and September 30, 2016 to the date that is 75 days after the end of each fiscal quarter. The Third Amendment also required the Company to undertake certain additional obligations, including (1) to provide the lenders with preliminary financial information for the quarter ended March 31, 2016, (2) to comply with Nasdaq requirements for submitting compliance plans for the Company’s delayed filings and (3) to request a waiver or amendment under the indenture governing the Senior Notes with respect to Global Operating LLC’s obligation to make available audited financial statements for fiscal year 2015. The Company has complied with all three requirements.
On September 13, 2016, Global Operating LLC entered into a fourth amendment (the “Fourth Amendment”) to the Revolver pursuant to the requirements of the Third Amendment to increase the applicable margin used to determine the interest rate on loans under the Revolver under certain circumstances relating to a waiver or amendment under the Senior Notes.
Senior Notes Due 2022
Concurrently with the IPO, Global Operating LLC completed the sale of $810.0 million of the Senior Notes at an offering price of 98.753% of par in a private offering. The Senior Notes bear interest at a fixed rate, which interest is payable in cash semiannually, and mature on August 15, 2022. The Senior Notes are subject to customary redemption rights for high yield debt securities.
The Senior Notes are guaranteed by Global LLC and any subsidiaries of Global Operating LLC that guarantee Global Operating LLC’s obligations under the Revolver or any other material indebtedness of Global LLC or Global Operating LLC. Global does not guarantee the Senior Notes. The terms of the Senior Notes are governed under an indenture among Global LLC, Global Operating LLC, any subsidiary guarantors and a trustee. The indenture provides that upon the occurrence of a change of control, as defined therein, Global Operating LLC must offer to repurchase the Senior Notes at 101% of the applicable principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, to the repurchase date. The indenture also contains customary negative covenants, subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications, applicable to Global LLC, Global Operating LLC and its restricted subsidiaries, including, without limitation, covenants related to: indebtedness, disqualified stock and preferred stock; dividends and distributions to stockholders and parent entities; repurchase and redemption of capital stock; investments; transactions with affiliates; liens; mergers, consolidations and transfers of substantially all assets; transfer or sale of assets, including capital stock of subsidiaries; and prepayment, redemption or repurchase of indebtedness subordinated to the Senior Notes. The indenture also provides for customary events of default which, upon occurrence, would permit or require the principal of and accrued interest on the Senior Notes to become or to be declared due and payable.


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In December 2015, the Company’s Board approved a $40.0 million open market repurchase program for the Company’s Senior Notes. The repurchase program began in December 2015 and continued through January 2016. As of December 31, 2015, $8.6 million of the Senior Notes were repurchased for $6.8 million, and the Company paid $0.4 million of accrued interest and prepayment fees. As of December 31, 2015, $0.4 million was included in accounts payable on the consolidated balance sheet representing principal and interest due to an investment bank for repurchases completed in December 2015 but settled in January 2016. In January 2016, the Company repurchased $41.0 million of the Senior Notes for $33.2 million and paid $1.9 million of interest and prepayment fees. In total, the Company repurchased $49.6 million of the Senior Notes for $40.0 million plus prepayment fees and interest of $2.3 million. A gain on extinguishment of $1.4 million was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2015, related to these repurchases.
On May 11, 2016, Global Operating LLC received a letter on behalf of certain beneficial holders of the Senior Notes, which purported to constitute a notice of default with respect to the failure of Global Operating LLC to comply with its obligations under the indenture governing the Senior Notes to timely furnish the Company’s annual report for the year ended December 31, 2015. On May 13, 2016, Global Operating LLC sent a response to this letter, stating that the purported notice of default was untimely, and therefore ineffective, under the indenture.
On May 31, 2016, Global Operating LLC received a notice of default from the trustee under the indenture governing the Senior Notes with respect to the failure of Global Operating LLC to comply with its obligations under the indenture governing the Senior Notes to timely furnish the Company’s annual report for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Global Operating LLC received a notice of default, dated July 15, 2016, from the trustee under the indenture governing the Senior Notes with respect to the failure of Global Operating LLC to comply with its obligations under the indenture governing the Senior Notes to timely furnish the Company's Form 10-Q for the first quarter of 2016.    
On September 2, 2016, the Company announced the successful completion of a consent solicitation to obtain waivers relating to certain reporting covenants under the indenture governing the Senior Notes and to effectuate certain amendments to the indenture governing the Senior Notes. Global Operating LLC received validly delivered and unrevoked consents from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes outstanding as of the record date. Global Operating LLC paid to each consenting holder a consent fee of $5.00 for each $1,000 principal amount of the Senior Notes held by such holder as to which Global Operating LLC received and accepted consents. Under the terms of the waivers, the deadline to comply with the reporting covenants in the indenture governing the Senior Notes relating to the filing of the Company’s Form 10-K for 2015 and Form 10-Q for the first quarter of 2016 was extended to December 6, 2016. Compliance with the reporting covenants in the indenture relating to the filing of the Company’s Form 10-Q for the second quarter of 2016 was also waived until December 6, 2016, with no event of default expected to occur with respect to the Form 10-Q for the second quarter of 2016 unless such Form 10-Q were not filed by early March 2017.
On September 2, 2016, Global Operating LLC entered into a second supplemental indenture (the “Second Supplemental Indenture”) to the indenture governing the Senior Notes. The Second Supplemental Indenture, among other things, (i) provided for additional special interest on the Senior Notes beginning on September 6, 2016 through December 6, 2016 at a rate equal to 4.0% per annum; (ii) required Global Operating LLC to repay the borrowing then outstanding (other than the outstanding letters of credit) under the Revolver and restricted the ability of Global Operating LLC to further borrow or issue any additional letters of credit under the Revolver until the earlier of March 8, 2017 or such time as SunEdison has disposed of all or substantially all of its equity interests in the Company and Global Operating LLC has offered to repurchase the Senior Notes at 101% of the applicable principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, to the repurchase date (or a binding agreement to make such an offer has been entered into); (iii) imposed additional restrictions and conditions (including, in some cases, that require the existence of a board of directors of the Company that is independent from SunEdison) on the ability of Global LLC and its restricted subsidiaries to make restricted payments and permitted investments or to incur indebtedness or permitted liens; (iv) imposed restrictions and conditions on the ability of Global LLC and its restricted subsidiaries to settle, or pay settlement amounts in respect of, litigation claims involving excess settlement amounts and (v) required Global LLC to provide legal and financial advisors to certain ad hoc holders of the Senior Notes with certain information, including certain information delivered to the lenders under the Revolver.
On December 2, 2016, Global Operating LLC received a letter from the trustee under the indenture governing the Senior Notes, which purported to constitute a notice of default with respect to the failure of Global Operating LLC to comply with its obligations under the indenture governing the Senior Notes to timely furnish the Company’s Form 10-Q for the second quarter of 2016. Global Operating LLC sent a response to this letter, stating that the purported notice of default was untimely, and therefore ineffective, under the indenture.
On December 6, 2016, the Company announced the successful completion of another consent solicitation to obtain additional waivers relating to certain reporting covenants under the indenture governing the Senior Notes. Global Operating


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LLC received validly delivered and unrevoked consents from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes outstanding as of the record date. Global Operating LLC paid to each consenting holder an initial consent fee of $3.50 for each $1,000 principal amount of the Senior Notes held by such holder as to which Global Operating LLC received and accepted consents. Under the terms of the additional waivers, the deadline to comply with the reporting covenants in the indenture governing the Senior Notes relating to the filing of the Company’s annual and quarterly reports required to be filed (including the Form 10-K for 2015 and the Form 10-Q for the first quarter of 2016) was extended to December 26, 2016, with Global Operating LLC having the option to further extend the deadline to January 6, 2017, to the extent necessary, by paying an extension fee.
Global Operating LLC agreed with the holders of the Senior Notes in connection with its most recent consent solicitation that written notice shall be deemed to have been validly given, for purposes of the related event of default under the indenture governing the Senior Notes, on December 6, 2016 with respect to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the second quarter of 2016. Therefore, no event of default under the indenture governing the Senior Notes is expected to occur with respect to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the second quarter of 2016 unless such Form 10-Q were not filed by early March 2017.

Covenant defaults may occur in the future under the Company’s Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes in the event of further delays in the filing of our periodic reports with the SEC and potential violation of financial covenants. We have amended, or obtained waivers of, the relevant covenants in the Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes to avoid any such defaults as a result of the delays, including by extending the required filing date of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 through December 26, 2016 and, in the case of the indenture governing our Senior Notes, by extending the required filing dates of our Forms 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 and for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 through December 26, 2016 and early March 2017, respectively. There can be no assurance that we will be able to file our periodic reports (including our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 or Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2016 or any quarters thereafter) with the SEC within the periods currently required under our Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes. The Revolver also contains financial covenants that the Company is required to meet on a quarterly basis, and management projections indicate that the Company could violate the Revolver’s debt service coverage covenant during 2017 which, if the Revolver is not amended or terminated, could cause a default under the Revolver and, depending on the outstanding amount under the Revolver at the time of such default, a cross-default on the Senior Notes.

There can be no assurance that our lenders will agree to further extensions of financial statement filing dates or amendments to relevant covenants on acceptable terms or at all. As of December 20, 2016, the Revolver is undrawn, and in the event we are not able to cure or secure a waiver for a default under the Revolver, the Company’s available liquidity is sufficient to allow for the Revolver to be terminated, which would also avoid a cross-default on the Senior Notes. However, a default on the Senior Notes would permit the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding to accelerate the Senior Notes. The Company would likely not have sufficient liquidity to meet this obligation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay dividends. A default under the indenture governing our Senior Notes would also result in a cross-default under the Revolver that would permit the lenders holding more than 50% of the aggregate exposure under the Revolver to accelerate any outstanding principal amount of loans, terminate any outstanding letter of credit and terminate the outstanding commitments under our Revolver.

Repayment of Bridge Facility

Global used approximately $462.5 million of the net proceeds from the IPO, the Private Placements, the Senior Notes and cash on hand to repay and terminate its pre-IPO bridge facility and pay for related transaction fees and expenses in August 2015.
Call Right Projects
Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO on August 5, 2015, Global LLC entered into a project support agreement with SunEdison (the “Support Agreement”). Pursuant to the Support Agreement, SunEdison granted the Company call rights with respect to projects identified therein by SunEdison (“Call Right Projects”) that had an aggregate net nameplate capacity of 1.6 GW (or reasonably equivalent projects), and SunEdison was contractually required to offer Global LLC additional qualifying projects through the fifth anniversary of the completion of the IPO that were projected to generate an aggregate of at least $1.4 billion of cash available for distribution during their respective first twelve months of commercial operation. At the time of the IPO, SunEdison had pending agreements with third-party developers to acquire clean energy projects that had an aggregate capacity of 4.2 GW, which were expected to be added to the call rights list under the Support Agreement. In addition, the Support Agreement granted Global LLC a right of first offer with respect to any clean energy projects (other than Call Right Projects) (“ROFO Projects”) that SunEdison elected to sell or otherwise transfer during the six-


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year period following the completion of the IPO and that were located in the Company’s initial target markets and other emerging markets that the parties mutually agreed upon.
Following the SunEdison Bankruptcy, SunEdison breached the Support Agreement and we will not acquire any of the Call Right Projects or ROFO Projects. On September 25, 2016, we announced that as a result of SunEdison’s breach under the Support Agreement and other agreements constituting the Sponsorship Arrangement, the Company filed claims against SunEdison in excess of $2 billion. The claims include, without limitation, claims for damages relating to breach of SunEdison's obligations under the Sponsorship Arrangement and other agreements; contribution and indemnification claims arising from litigation; claims relating to SunEdison’s breach of fiduciary, agency and other duties; and claims for interference with and the disruption of the business of Global and its subsidiaries, including the loss of business opportunities, loss of business records, failure to provide timely audited financials, and the increased cost of financing and commercial arrangements. Many of these claims are contingent or unliquidated; estimated amounts may change substantially as circumstances develop and damages are determined. Although SunEdison has not formally rejected the Sponsorship Arrangement, it has breached its obligations thereunder and the Company has additional claims for rejection damages.
Seasonality
The amount of electricity our solar power plants produce is dependent in part on the amount of sunlight, or irradiation, where the assets are located. Because shorter daylight hours in winter months results in less irradiation, the generation of particular assets will vary depending on the season. Additionally, to the extent more of our solar power plants are located in either the northern or southern hemisphere, overall generation of our entire solar asset portfolio could be impacted by seasonality. While we expect seasonal variability to occur, we expect aggregate seasonal variability to decrease if geographic diversity of our portfolio between the northern and southern hemisphere increases. We expect our current solar portfolio’s power generation to be at its lowest during the fourth quarter of each year as our assets are geographically concentrated in the northern hemisphere. Therefore, we expect our fourth quarter solar revenue generation to be lower than other quarters.
Similarly, the electricity produced and revenues generated by a wind power plant depend heavily on wind conditions, which are variable and difficult to predict. Operating results for wind power plants vary significantly from period to period depending on the windiness during the periods in question. Because our wind power plants are located in geographies with different profiles, there is some flattening of the seasonal variability associated with each individual power plant’s generation, and we expect that as the fleet expands the effect of such wind resource variability may be favorably impacted, although we cannot guarantee that we will purchase wind power facilities that will achieve such results in part or at all. Historically, our wind production is greater in the first and fourth quarters which can partially offset the lower solar revenue expected to be generated in the fourth quarter.
Although we are currently deferring a decision on making dividend payments in the prudent conduct of our business, we intend to revert to a situation where we reserve a portion of our cash available for distribution and maintain sufficient liquidity, including cash on hand, in order to, among other things, facilitate the payment of future dividends to our stockholders. As a result, we do not expect seasonality to have a material effect on the amount of our future quarterly dividends.
Competition
Power generation is a capital-intensive business with numerous industry participants. We compete to acquire new solar and wind power plants with renewable energy developers who retain renewable energy power generation asset ownership, independent power producers, financial investors and certain utilities. We compete to supply energy to our potential customers with utilities and providers of distributed generation. We compete with other solar and wind developers, independent power producers and financial investors based on our cost of capital, development expertise, pipeline, technology, global footprint and brand reputation. To the extent we re-contract power plants upon termination of a PPA or sell electricity into the merchant power market, we compete with traditional utilities primarily based on low cost of capital, generation located at customer sites, operations and management expertise, price (including predictability of price), green attributes of power, the ease by which customers can switch to electricity generated by our solar and wind power plants and our open architecture approach to working within the industry, which facilitates collaboration and power generation asset acquisitions.
Environmental Matters
We are subject to environmental laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we own and operate solar and wind power plants. These laws and regulations generally require that governmental permits and approvals be obtained and maintained both before construction and during operation of these power generation assets. We incur costs in the ordinary course of business to comply with these laws, regulations and permit requirements. While we do not expect that the costs of compliance would generally have a material impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations, it is possible that as the size of our portfolio grows we may become subject to new or modified regulatory regimes that may impose unanticipated requirements on


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our business as a whole that were not anticipated with respect to any individual power plant. We also do not anticipate material capital expenditures for environmental controls for our solar and wind power plants in the next several years. These laws and regulations frequently change and often become more stringent, or subject to more stringent interpretation or enforcement, and therefore future changes could require us to incur materially higher costs which could have a material adverse impact on our financial performance or results of operations.
Regulatory Matters
Overview
None of the power plants included in our portfolio are located in the United States. As a result, all of these power plants are generally exempt from U.S.-based federal and state regulation of electric utilities, including most provisions of the U.S. Public Utility Holding Company Act and the Federal Power Act. Our solar and wind power plants are subject to various laws and regulations in the countries in which they operate. Some of these countries, such as Uruguay, have deregulated electric generation markets that require governmental approval before becoming an eligible power generator while others, such as Malaysia, have more robust regulatory regimes governing the production, purchase and sale of electric generation. Set forth below is a brief overview of the principal laws and regulations that are applicable to the significant power plants included in our portfolio.
China
Solar and wind energy policies in China are formulated and carried out by various government entities and agencies and also are integrated into the country’s broader regulatory framework for electricity generation and transmission. Additionally, in the case of foreign owners of solar and wind energy assets, the government entities involved in regulating foreign investment in China will also play a key oversight role in certain instances.
The National Energy Administration (“NEA”) a government entity under the regulation and supervision of the National Development and Reform Commission (“NDRC”) formulates solar and wind energy policies. The implementation and enforcement of these policies is overseen by provincial, regional and municipal offices of the NDRC and NEA. These local offices are responsible for, among other things, issuing electricity business licenses, overseeing the construction of solar and wind power plants within their jurisdictions and (subject to variation in practice among different types of facilities and different localities) approving changes of ownership of solar or wind power plants. For instance, pursuant to guidance issued by the NDRC in October 2014 and May 2016, a solar power plant which has been filed with the local NEA counterpart cannot be transferred before the solar power plant begins production without the consent of the applicable NEA counterpart. Any material change made to a solar power plant, including the change of construction site and construction content, must be submitted to the local counterpart of the NEA for re-filing.
Solar and wind power plants are also subject to standards and regulations affecting the electricity industry in general, as set out in legislation or otherwise formulated by the NEA, as well as the standards and business practices of China’s state-owned grid companies, State Grid Corporation and the smaller China Southern Power Grid Corporation. These grid companies, through their provincial subsidiaries, play a de facto regulatory role by issuing approvals for the interconnection with the power grids and executing interconnection and dispatch agreements as well as PPAs with the project companies. Power purchase agreements with the grid companies are usually short term in duration, typically one year subject to annual extensions. Under China’s Renewable Energy Law, the grid companies are obligated to accept all energy produced by duly licensed and operating solar and wind power plants. In practice, however, solar and wind power plants have been subject to curtailment by grid companies due to transmission capacity and other infrastructure constraints.
Solar and wind power plants owned in whole or in part by foreign entities are also subject to the general foreign investment regulatory regime administered by the Ministry of Commerce (“MOFCOM”) and State Administration of Foreign Exchange. Foreign investment in the solar and wind power industry is currently listed by MOFCOM as an “encouraged” activity, which means new solar or wind power plants may be developed by a wholly foreign owned enterprise on the same basis as they may be developed by a domestic enterprise. However, if a foreign investor seeks to acquire a solar or wind power plant (whether operating or under construction), it must obtain the approval of either the national office of MOFCOM or its regional offices (depending on the total monetary value of the power plant and structure of the acquisition).
Under current Chinese law, acquisition of a solar or wind power plant by a foreign party does not in itself require approval from State Administration of Foreign Exchange, but any foreign loans issued by a foreign party (including stockholder loans) must be registered with SAFE before they may be disbursed.


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Brazil
The National Electric Energy Agency (“ANEEL”) and the Energy Research Company are the predominant regulatory bodies governing the electricity sector in Brazil. These governmental agencies are responsible for enacting rules and regulations related to, among others, granting licenses to enter the electricity generation market, setting tariff rates, regulating the auction process used to award PPAs and establishing the incentive structure for producers of renewable energy.
The electricity sector in Brazil is divided into two markets: (i) the regulated market where electric energy is supplied at rates and tariffs resulting from auctions to sell electric energy to distribution companies or to the Electric Energy Commercialization Chamber (CCEE), and (ii) the free market, in which any supplier (generators, distributors, self-producers, independent producers, traders of energy, etc.) can directly sell energy to consumers at market rates.
Our project companies currently market energy generated by our wind power plants in the regulated market. With respect to the regulated market, the ANEEL established an auction system for awarding contracts for the production of renewable energy. Domestic and foreign companies (solely or in consortium), private equity funds and special purpose vehicles are eligible to bid at auction. If a foreign company prevails at an auction, it must incorporate a Brazilian company to receive the power generation authorization and to enter into the PPA. Bidders are required to deposit a bid bond equal to 1% of the power plant’s estimated cost, which must be declared by the bidder and approved by the ANEEL beforehand. This bond is returned after the contract is signed if the bidder wins the auction; otherwise, it is returned immediately following the auction. Auction winners also need to deposit a project performance bond equal to 5% of the investment cost that is released after certain power plant milestones are completed.
Several penalties are applicable in the event of delay in achieving certain milestones set in the PPA contract and in the ANEEL authorization. Among other default events, the ANEEL has the right to terminate the contract if a delay in achieving milestones exceeds one year.
Brazilian law does not restrict the foreign ownership of electricity generating companies, but a company owning generation projects in the electric energy sector must be incorporated in Brazil.
India
The Electricity Act, 2003 (the “Electricity Act”) is the principal legislation that regulates the generation, transmission, distribution, trading and use of electricity in India. The Electricity Act governs the establishment, operation and maintenance of any energy generating company and prescribes technical standards in relation to its connectivity with the Indian power grid. The Electricity Act provides that an energy-generating company may establish, operate and maintain a generating facility without obtaining a license under the Electricity Act if it complies with the prescribed technical standards relating to connectivity with the power grid. In addition, an energy-generating company is permitted to sell electricity to any distribution or trading licensee and, where permitted by the respective state regulatory commissions, to consumers subject to availing open access to the transmission and distribution systems and payment of applicable charges.
The Electricity Act establishes a two-level regulatory system: (i) the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (“CERC”) is responsible for regulating the tariff charged by generating facilities owned by the Indian government and other independent power producers involved in generating or supplying electricity in more than one state, and for regulating the inter-state transmission of electricity, and (ii) State Electricity Regulatory Commissions (“SERCs”) are responsible for regulating intra-state transmission and supply of electricity within each of their respective states. These commissions are responsible for a variety of functions, including determining tariff levels, granting licenses and settling disputes between the generating companies and the licensees.
The Indian government has established the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (“MNRE”), to facilitate on a national level research, development, commercialization and deployment of renewable energy systems for various applications in rural, urban, industrial and commercial sectors. In 2011, the MNRE established the Solar Energy Corporation of India (“SECI”) as a not-for-profit company to facilitate the development of solar energy generating capacity in India.
The Indian government has proposed amendments to the Electricity Act to focus on the development of renewable energy through formulation of a National Renewable Energy Policy in consultation with state governments for the development of the power system based on optimal utilization of renewable sources of energy. It also requires coal and lignite based thermal generators to establish renewable energy capacity equal to at least 10% of thermal power installed capacity.
In general, tariffs applicable to solar power plants facilities are determined through one of the following procedures under the Electricity Act:


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a “cost plus” method under which the appropriate regulatory commission determines the tariff based on the actual capital cost of the power plants, normative debt to equity ratios and other parameters prescribed under the multi-year tariff regulations adopted by the commissions; and
a competitive bidding process in accordance with the guidelines issued by the appropriate regulatory commission.
In the case of wind power plants, feed-in tariffs are determined taking into account capital cost submissions by various stakeholders and certain operation and maintenance costs and have been announced by the SERCs in certain states, such as the States of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu, pursuant to the applicable policy in the respective states.
South Africa
South Africa has a framework of legislation and regulations governing its energy sector. The Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement (“REIPPP”) program is a governmental procurement program that effectively requires solar and wind facilities in South Africa to comply with this framework, including the various acts and policies regulating the governmental procurement process generally, the most important of these being the Public Finance Management Act, the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act, and the Codes of Good Practice on Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment, and the various acts and policies regulating South African businesses generally and therefore also independent power producers, such as environmental, health and safety laws.
The National Energy Regulator of South Africa (“NERSA”) is the primary regulator of South Africa’s energy sector and is responsible for regulating electricity, piped-gas and petroleum pipeline industries. Solar and wind facilities are governed by the Electricity Regulation Act, which is the primary enabling legislation for the REIPPP program, and by other legislation applicable to water affairs, environmental affairs, agriculture, forestry and fisheries and mineral resources. Under the REIPPP program, a solar or wind facility is regulated as an independent power producer and is authorized to produce and sell electricity to Eskom, the country’s largest state-owned power utility, pursuant to a license issued by NERSA. A solar or wind facility is not generally subject to regulation as a public utility in the traditional sense and, thus, is exempt from complying with South Africa’s complex system of power producer and procurement rules and regulations that are applicable to Eskom.
Government Incentives
Each of the markets where we operate has established various incentives and financial mechanisms to support the cost and to accelerate the adoption of renewable energy. These incentives include tax credits, cash grants, tax abatements, rebates and RECs or green certificates and net energy metering programs that are offered by many of the foreign governments where we operate. These incentives help catalyze private sector investments in renewable energy and efficiency measures. Set forth below is a summary of the various programs and incentives that we expect will apply to our business in markets where we have significant operations.
China
In recent years, the NDRC has initiated feed-in tariff programs for both solar and wind energy. Under these feed-in tariff programs, eligible solar and wind facilities are entitled to receive a special tariff, the amount of which is set by NDRC policy and which may vary based on the type of power plant (in the case of solar, for example, utility-scale versus distributed generation facilities; in the case of wind, onshore versus offshore developments), geographical location of the power plant and the date on which it commenced construction. Once a solar power plant qualifies for a particular tariff, the facility is entitled under NDRC policy to continue to receive the tariff for a period of 20 years from its commercial operation date. The special tariff remains constant, but consists of two components which may themselves change. One component is set to equal the prevailing rate that grid companies pay for base-load, desulphurized coal power (thus it is subject to change, though this base rate is currently determined by policy rather than market pricing and in recent history has not been subject to substantial fluctuations). This base load component is paid directly by the grid companies to the solar or wind power plant. The other component, called the “green component,” makes up the difference between the total special tariff and the prevailing base-load rate.
The “green component” of the tariff is paid from a “renewable energy development fund” administered by China’s Ministry of Finance, which in turn collects a surcharge that the grid companies charge to their end users. Payment of the green component is not made on the same schedule as payment of the base load component. Generally, payments of the base load component are made monthly while payments of the green component are required under law to be paid quarterly, but in practice in some provinces may be made only two or three times per year. Additionally, there is typically a gap, often of longer than one year, between an energy plant’s commercial operation date and the date on which it receives its first payment of the green component of the feed-in tariff.


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In addition to the feed-in tariff program, the solar industry has also benefited from the “Golden Sun Program” demonstration program that launched in 2009 as a strategy to support and further the development of the technology progress and scale of the national solar industry. Under the Golden Sun Program, the central government provided subsidies to eligible solar power plants interconnected to the power grid in an amount of 50% of its total investment and to eligible off-grid solar power plants located in remote areas without electricity supply at the amount of 70% of its total investment. Solar power plants participating in China’s feed-in tariff program described below were not eligible to participate in the Golden Sun Program. The Golden Sun Program expired in 2013.
Chinese financial institutions may offer preferential loans with a financial interest subsidy to renewable energy development and utilization facilities that are listed in the national renewable energy industrial development guidance catalog and satisfy certain conditions for granting loans.
Finally, under applicable Chinese tax law and regulations, an enterprise engaged in public infrastructure facilities approved after January 1, 2008, including solar and wind power plants, that satisfy certain requirements are entitled to a three-year full exemption from the enterprise income tax followed by a three-year 50% exemption commencing from the first year it generates operating income. In addition, solar and wind power plants are entitled to a 50% refund of the value-added tax levied on their electricity sales.
Brazil
The main incentives available to encourage the use of renewable energy in Brazil include: (i) tax benefits; (ii) discounted transmission and distribution tariffs; (iii) special public funding provided by the National Bank for Economic and Social Development (“BNDES”); and (iv) research and development investment.
Tax benefits. Renewable energy power plants may benefit from an exemption of monthly federal income taxes and may also be eligible for the exemption of certain import taxes. For example, the purchase of items needed for the construction of the wind and solar plants are exempted from certain import and value added taxes.
Discount on transmission and distribution tariffs. Solar plants injecting up to 30 MW into the grid that start commercial operation prior to December 31, 2017 benefit from an 80% discount on transmission and distribution tariffs for the first ten years of operation and 50% thereafter. Wind plants injecting up to 30 MW into the grid are also eligible for similar discounts.
Special public funding. Subject to certain limitations, BNDES may finance up to 70% of all renewable energy power plants investments at reduced rates. Repayment of such loans may only commence once construction of the energy plant has finished and the plant is operative. BNDES also provides special public funding for manufacturers willing to commence Brazilian productions of the supply chain in connection with the renewable energy industry.
Research and development investment. All generators, except hydro-electric generators with installed capacity under 30 MW, thermoelectric generators with installed capacity under 5 MW, biomass generators, solar generators and wind energy generators, must invest at least 1% of their net revenue in research and development facilities.
India
Solar power plants
In 2010, the Indian government launched its flagship solar initiative known as Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (the “National Solar Mission”). The National Solar Mission establishes a target of 100 GW of installed solar capacity by 2022 and stipulates the implementation and achievement of this target in multiple phases.
Solar projects in India are set up under state solar policies or under the National Solar Mission. Capacity allocation under the National Solar Mission is staggered and through competitive bidding. Competitive bidding under the National Solar Mission is conducted using one the following schemes: (a) a bundling scheme, under which relatively expensive solar power is bundled with cheaper thermal power and sold to distribution utilities at a more affordable tariff; and (b) a viability gap funding scheme, under which viability gap funding is made available to project developers to subsidize the project cost.
Phase I of the National Solar Mission focused on promoting the development of grid-connected solar power capacity of 1,000 MW and mandated that NTPC Vidyut Vyapur Nigam Limited (“NVVN”) serve as the offtake counterparty to purchase the solar power under 25-year PPAs with solar power producers. NVVN is a wholly owned subsidiary of NTPC Limited, which is approximately 70% owned by the Indian national government. NVVN purchases the solar power from a solar power plant as a trading licensee, thereby minimizing the credit risk to the solar power plant. The tariff levels for Phase I were determined based on a competitive bidding process subject to a cap determined by the CERC under the bundling scheme.


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In 2013, the Indian government approved the scheme for the development of an additional 750 MW of grid-connected solar power capacity as part of Phase II of the National Solar Mission (2012-2017) and mandated that SECI serve as the offtake counterparty to purchase the solar power under 25-year PPAs with the solar power producers. In the Batch I of Phase II, the power will be purchased by SECI at a fixed levelized tariff of INR 5.45/kWh, or INR 4.75/kWh in case of power plants utilizing accelerated depreciation, for onward sale to state or distribution utilities at INR 5.50/kWh. The competitive bidding process for subsequent Batches under Phase II have resulted in a lower tariff for those batches. The solar power plant is entitled to receive viability funding support in an amount determined through a competitive bidding process. Such payment is made to the solar power plant over a five-year period from the date such solar plant commences operations and is funded by India’s National Clean Energy Fund. The National Clean Energy Fund is financed through a tax of INR 400 per ton of domestic or imported coal used in India.
After completing Batch I of Phase II of the National Solar Mission, in March 2015 the MNRE issued guidelines for implementation of Batch II of Phase II of the National Solar Mission. Batch II of Phase II is currently being implemented under the bundling scheme. Under this Batch, the Indian government proposes to set up 15,000 MW of solar projects through NVVN in three tranches: (a) 3,000 MW under the bundling scheme; (b) 5,000 MW with some support from the Indian government, the quantum of which is to be decided based on results under the bundling scheme; and (c) 7,000 MW that will be implemented without any financial support from the Indian government.
In addition, in August 2015 the Indian government issued guidelines for implementation of Batch III of Phase II of the National Solar Mission, consisting of 2,000 MW of capacity, and in March 2016 the Indian government issued guidelines for Batch IV of Phase II of the National Solar Mission, consisting of 1,250 MW of capacity. These Batches are currently being implemented under the variable gap funding scheme.
In addition to the National Solar Mission, various Indian states have also initiated procurement of power from solar power projects through competitive bidding. In April 2015, Telangana issued bid documents for procurement of 2,000 MW of capacity. Similarly, Karnataka, in its latest solar policy, has made it mandatory for distribution utilities to purchase power from solar projects with a capacity of 3 MW or above under the competitive bidding regime. Various Indian states have also implemented policies to promote the generation of solar power. For instance, Gujarat exempts solar power plant developers from payment of electricity duty on the sale of electricity and payment of cross-subsidy surcharges for sale to open access consumers.
Wind power plants
MNRE provides a generation based incentive implemented through the Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Limited for grid connected wind power plants (excluding plants undertaking third-party sales) commissioned on or after April 1, 2012. This incentive is currently available until the end of the 12th plan period (2012-2017). Generation based incentives are limited to INR 0.50/kWh of electricity fed into the grid and are available for a maximum period of 10 years with a cap of INR 10 million per MW. The total disbursement in a year to eligible wind power producers cannot exceed one-fourth of the maximum limit of the incentive, i.e., INR 2.5 million per MW during the first four years. Generation based incentives are in addition to the tariff approved by SERCs and available only if the benefit of accelerated depreciation is not utilized by the wind power plant.
In addition, state specific policies also provide for various incentives, such as exemption in payment of electricity duty, reduction of VAT, providing land at concessional lease rentals, and reduced wheeling and transmission charges. Additionally, an excise duty exemption is also available on wind operated electricity generators and concessional custom duty is applicable on import of specified components of wind turbines, subject to fulfillment of prescribed conditions.
To further optimize India’s wind power resources, MNRE recently introduced a series of important policy measures such as the National Offshore Wind Energy Policy 2015, Draft National Wind-Solar Hybrid Policy, 2016 and Policy for Repowering of the Wind Power Projects, 2016. The Indian government has also recently launched a competitive bid process for the development of wind power projects with a cumulative capacity of 1,000 MW. This highlights a significant shift in the wind industry in the country, as currently electricity from wind power projects is sold at tariffs determined by the electricity regulatory commissions as opposed to tariffs determined through a competitive bidding process.
All renewable energy power plants
India’s National Tariff Policy 2006 requires the SERCs to fix a minimum percentage of the electricity that must be purchased by utilities operating in their jurisdiction from renewable energy generators (such as solar power plants), taking into account availability of such resources in the region and its impact on retail tariffs and procurement by distribution companies at preferential tariffs. This obligation to purchase electricity from renewable sources is known as a renewable purchase obligation (“RPO”). This policy was amended in January 2011 to prescribe a minimum solar specific RPO of 0.25% in 2012 to be increased to 3% by 2022. States such as Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Goa have fixed solar power RPO requirements at levels above the minimum level prescribed by the National Tariff Policy 2006. The National Tariff Policy, 2006


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was amended effective January 28, 2016 and, inter alia, directs the SERCs to reserve a minimum percentage for purchase of solar energy such that it reaches 8% of total consumption of energy, excluding hydro power, by March 2022 or as notified by the Indian government from time to time. The National Tariff Policy also seeks to exempt inter-state transmission charges and losses for wind and solar power for such period as is notified by the Indian government.
In 2010, the CERC implemented regulations designed to facilitate the development of a power market from nonconventional energy sources by issuing transferable and salable credit certificates. These regulations facilitate fungibility and inter-state transactions of renewable energy by establishing a mechanism through which a market-based instrument can be traded freely and provide a means for fulfillment of renewable purchase obligations by India’s utilities and open access consumers. Although these regulations established the necessary framework, the market for such renewable energy credits has not developed widely and is not liquid. None of our Indian power plants is participating in the renewable energy credit certificate programs at this time.
The Indian government’s focus on promoting infrastructure development also extends to tax policy, which allows wind and solar power generation companies to claim an exemption from the payment of income tax for up to 10 years within the first 15 years of a power plant’s operations, if the undertaking begins to generate power at any time before March 31, 2017. However, a minimum alternative tax (generally at approximately 20%) calculated based on book profits is still applicable in respect of such power plants. Accelerated tax depreciation is also available to solar and wind power generating companies.

South Africa
In August 2011, South Africa’s Department of Energy (“SA DOE”) launched the REIPPP program, which requires renewable energy developers to bid on a tariff level and the identified socio-economic development objectives of the SA DOE. The REIPPP program has gone through six successive rounds of bidding, which includes the additional bidding round (known as the expedited round) with preferred bidders expected to be announced in the near future. The REIPPP program has been designed to procure a target of 12,825 MW of renewable energy with units of power (in MW) allocated to each technology. Statistics related to the first five rounds of the REIPPP program indicate that a total of 92 developers have secured contracts to produce renewable energy with a combined nameplate capacity of 6,327 MW. Of the total procured capacity under the first five rounds, 2,292 MW is for photovoltaic solar power projects, 600 MW is for concentrated solar power projects, 3,357 MW is for wind power projects, and the remainder relates to other renewable energy sources.

Each bid is evaluated under the REIPPP program with an evaluation weighting split 70% on the proposed tariff amount and 30% on the specified economic development criteria, the latter of which includes employment, local content and management control, ownership characteristics, socio-economic spending and smaller enterprise development initiatives. The tariff payable by the offtaker for the particular power plant is determined based on the proposed tariff during the bidding process. Each winning bidder under the REIPPP program will:

enter into a 20-year PPA with Eskom that creates an obligation for Eskom to pay the project company the agreed tariff for power provided by the facility; and
enter into a 20-year Implementation Agreement with the SA DOE that creates an obligation for the power plant to satisfy its identified economic development objectives.

Under the REIPPP program, the South African government guarantees the payment obligations of Eskom under the PPAs entered into with renewable energy producers in defined circumstances. These guarantee arrangements, along with the support package adopted by the National Treasury on September 14, 2014, has facilitated private sector development as financing sources and investors have been willing to accept sovereign country risk without requiring political risk insurance, as would be the case in virtually every other African jurisdiction. Based on the sovereign guarantee and support package, we believe that Eskom will be a low risk offtake counterparty purchaser with a similar credit profile to our other customers. In addition, an accelerated depreciation allowance (50% in the first year of use, 30% in the second, and 20% in the third) applies to the cost of selected movable machinery and articles used in the construction of the solar and wind farms

Financial Information about Segments
We have two reportable segments, solar and wind. These segments comprise the Company’s entire portfolio of power plants and are determined based on the management approach, which means that the scope of the reportable segments is derived from the internal reporting used by management for making decisions and assessing performance. Corporate expenses include general and administrative expenses, acquisition costs, formation and offering related fees and expenses, interest expense on corporate indebtedness, stock-based compensation and depreciation, accretion and amortization expense. All operating revenues, net for the year ended December 31, 2015 were earned by our reportable segments from external customers in Brazil, China, India, Malaysia, South Africa and Thailand. All operating revenue for the years ended December 31, 2014 were from customers


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located in China, India, Malaysia, South Africa and Thailand. All operating revenue for the years ended December 31, 2013 were from customers located in China, India and Malaysia.
Customer Concentration
For the year ended December 31, 2015, Eskom Holdings SOC Limited (Boshof, Soutpan, Witkop), Camara de Comercializacao de Energia Eletrica (Salvador and Bahia), Gujarat Urja Vikas Nigam Limited (SE-25, Azure, ESP Urja and Millenium) and Inner Mongolia Power (group) Co., LTD. (Honiton) accounted for 35%, 15%, 14% and 10% of our consolidated operating revenues, net, respectively.
Employees
With the exception of certain of our operations in China, all other personnel who manage our operations are employees of SunEdison and their services are provided to Global under the Management Services Agreement ("MSA") or project level asset management and O&M services agreements. In light of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, we are engaging in contingency planning to identify, and to be prepared to retain, key personnel to ensure continuity of the Company’s corporate and project level operations.
On April 7, 2016 and April 21, 2016, the Conflicts Committee approved retention awards to encourage certain employees of SunEdison who carry out services for the Company, including certain officers of the Company, to remain employed by SunEdison and continue to provide services to the Company during and after the potential (as of April 7) and actual (as of April 21) SunEdison Bankruptcy. All of the personnel that manage the Company’s operations are employees of SunEdison except for our Chairman and Interim Chief Executive Officer, Peter Blackmore. Mr. Blackmore did not receive a retention award. 
Historically, the Company has not had any employees. The personnel that manage our operations (other than our Chairman and Interim Chief Executive Officer, Peter Blackmore, our Chief Operating Officer, Tom Studebaker, and our Interim Chief Accounting Officer, David Rawden) have been employees of SunEdison and their services have been provided to the Company under the MSA or project level asset management, and O&M services agreements. In a number of cases, the personnel that have been providing services to us have in the past simultaneously provided services to SunEdison and/or TerraForm Power. Following the SunEdison Bankruptcy, as part of our efforts to create a stand-alone organization, we have identified, and established a retention program for, key employees. We recently issued offers of employment to such employees to ensure continuity of corporate and project level operations. While a number of our executive officers, including our Interim Chief Executive Officer, Peter Blackmore, our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Rebecca Cranna, our Chief Operating Officer, Tom Studebaker, and our Interim Chief Accounting Officer, David Rawden, continue to serve in the same functions for TerraForm Power for the time being, most other officers and employees will be providing services exclusively to the Company.
Geographic Information
Additional information reflecting operating revenues, net and long-lived assets consisting of power plants, net by geographic location, can be found in Item 15. Note 19 - Segment Reporting.
Available Information
We make available free of charge through our website (http://www.terraformglobal.com) the reports we file with the SEC, including our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. The SEC maintains an internet site containing these reports and proxy and information statements at http://www.sec.gov. Any materials we file can be read and copied online at that site.
The following corporate governance documents are posted on our website at www.terraformglobal.com:
The TerraForm Global, Inc. Corporate Governance Guidelines;
The TerraForm Global, Inc. Code of Business Conduct;
The TerraForm Global, Inc. Conflict of Interests Policy;
The TerraForm Global, Inc. Audit Committee Charter; and
The TerraForm Global, Inc. Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee Charter.


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If you would like a printed copy of any of these corporate governance documents, please send your request to 7550 Wisconsin Avenue, 9th Floor, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.
This information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this annual report on Form 10-K.




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Item 1A. Risk Factors.
The following pages discuss the principal risks we face. These include, but are not limited to, risks arising from the bankruptcy of our controlling shareholder, SunEdison. Any of these risk factors could have a significant or negative effect on our businesses, results of operations, financial condition or liquidity. They could also cause significant fluctuations and volatility in the trading price of our securities. Readers should not consider any descriptions of these factors to be a complete set of all potential risks and uncertainties that could affect us. These factors should be considered carefully together with the other information contained in this annual report on Form 10-K and the other reports and materials filed by us with the SEC. Furthermore, many of these risks are interrelated, and the occurrence of certain of them may in turn cause the emergence or exacerbate the effect of others. Such a combination could materially increase the severity of the impact of these risks on our businesses, results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.
Risks Related to our Delayed Exchange Act Filings
Continued delays in the filing of our periodic reports with the SEC, as well as further delays in the preparation of audited financial statements at the project level, could have a material adverse effect.
We have experienced significant delays in the filing of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016, our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 and our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016, in each case principally due to the need to complete all steps and tasks necessary to finalize our financial statements and other disclosures required to be in the filing. Future periodic reports of the Company could be delayed for similar reasons.
On March 31, 2016, we received a notification letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications. The notification letter stated that because the Company had not yet filed its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company was no longer in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1), which requires timely filing of periodic reports with the SEC. On May 17, 2016, we received an additional notification letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications. The notification letter stated that because the Company had not yet filed its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016, and because it remained delinquent in filing its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1). On May 27, 2016, in compliance with the deadline specified in the notification letters, the Company submitted a plan to Nasdaq as to how it planned to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements. On June 10, 2016, the Company received a letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications granting the Company an exception of 180 calendar days from the due date of the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, or until September 26, 2016, to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements. On August 16, 2016, we received an additional notification letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications. The notification letter stated that because the Company had not yet filed its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016, the Company was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1). On September 9, 2016, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq stating that due to the Company’s ongoing non-compliance with Nasdaq’s listing requirements, the Company would be delisted from The Nasdaq Global Select Market at the opening of business on September 20, 2016 unless the Company requested a hearing on the determination by September 16, 2016. On September 9, 2016, the Company requested a hearing and also requested a stay of the delisting, pending the hearing. On September 15, 2016, we received a letter from Nasdaq granting our request to extend the stay of delisting until the hearings panel made a decision after the hearing scheduled for November 3, 2016. At the hearing on November 3, 2016, the Company requested from Nasdaq an extension until March 27, 2017 to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements with respect to its delayed Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and its delayed Forms 10-Q for the periods ended March 31 and June 30, 2016.
On November 15, 2016, the Company received a notification letter from a Hearings Advisor from the Nasdaq Office of General Counsel informing the Company that the hearings panel granted the Company’s request for an extension until March 27, 2017 with respect to these delayed filings. The hearings panel granted the Company the maximum possible extension until the expiration of the hearings panel’s discretion to allow continued listing while the Company remains out of compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements. The hearings panel reserved the right to reconsider the terms of the extension and the Nasdaq Listing and Hearing Review Council may determine to review the decision should an event occur that calls into question the Company’s ability to regain compliance by March 27, 2017.

In addition, on November 15, 2016, the Company received an additional notification letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications. The notification letter stated that because the Company has not yet filed its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016, and because it remains delinquent in filing its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and its Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31 and June 30, 2016, the Company is not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1). Based on discussions with the hearings panel’s staff, the extension until March 27, 2017 granted by the


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hearings panel also covers the non-compliance by the Company with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1) caused by the failure of the Company to timely file its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016.

In accordance with the applicable terms of our Revolver, we delivered to the lenders thereunder unaudited financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2016, June 30, 2016 and September 30, 2016, as required. As discussed under “Item 1. Business - Revolving Credit Facility and Senior Notes due 2022” above, on September 2, 2016, Global Operating LLC entered into a second supplemental indenture to the indenture governing the Senior Notes, under which Global Operating LLC repaid the borrowing outstanding under the Revolver (other than the outstanding letters of credit) and agreed not to borrow or issue any additional letters of credit under the Revolver until March 8, 2017 or, if sooner, such time as SunEdison and its subsidiaries (other than the Company, TerraForm Power, Inc. and their respective subsidiaries) have disposed of all or substantially all of their equity interests in the Company and an offer has been made to repurchase the Senior Notes at a purchase price in cash at least equal to 101% of the applicable principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, to the repurchase date (or a binding agreement to make such an offer has been entered into).
The indenture governing the Senior Notes requires the Company to deliver audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015 and quarterly reports for the quarter ended March 31, 2016, the quarter ended June 30, 2016 and the quarter ended September 30, 2016 no later than 60 days following the date required by the SEC's rules and regulations (including extensions thereof), with a 90-day grace period upon written notice from the trustee or the requisite holders of the Senior Notes in accordance with the indenture governing the Senior Notes. On September 2, 2016, Global Operating LLC obtained sufficient consents from holders of the Senior Notes to waive certain reporting covenants under the indenture governing the Senior Notes and to make certain amendments to the indenture. The waivers extended the deadline for the filing of the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 to December 6, 2016. On December 6, 2016, Global Operating LLC obtained additional waivers with sufficient consents from holders of the Senior Notes, under which the deadline to comply with the reporting covenants in the indenture governing the Senior Notes relating to the filing of the Company’s annual and quarterly reports required to be filed (including the Form 10-K for 2015 and the Form 10-Q for the first quarter of 2016) was extended to December 26, 2016, with Global Operating LLC having the option to further extend the deadline to January 6, 2017, to the extent necessary, by paying an extension fee. Global Operating LLC also agreed that written notice shall be deemed to have been validly given, for purposes of the related event of default under the indenture governing the Senior Notes, on December 6, 2016 with respect to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the second quarter of 2016. Therefore, no event of default under the indenture governing the Senior Notes is expected to occur with respect to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the second quarter of 2016 unless such Form 10-Q were not filed by early March 2017. See “Item 1. Business - Revolving Credit Facility and Senior Notes due 2022” above for additional information on the waivers obtained by Global Operating LLC in September 2016 and in December 2016 from holders of the Senior Notes relating to certain reporting covenants under the indenture governing the Senior Notes and on the related amendments to the indenture governing the Senior Notes and the Revolver. If an event of default occurs under the indenture governing the Senior Notes, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding could accelerate the Senior Notes. The Company would likely not have sufficient liquidity to meet this obligation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay dividends. A default under the indenture governing our Senior Notes would also result in a cross-default under the Revolver that would permit the lenders holding more than 50% of the aggregate exposure under the Revolver to accelerate any outstanding principal amount of loans, terminate any outstanding letter of credit and terminate the outstanding commitments under our Revolver.
The delays in filing our Form 10-K and financial statements and our Forms 10-Q may impair our ability to obtain financing and access the capital markets. For example, as a result of the delayed filing of our periodic reports with the SEC, we will not be eligible to register the offer and sale of our securities using a short-form registration statement on Form S-3 until we have timely filed all periodic reports required under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, for one year. Should we wish to register the offer and sale of our securities to the public prior to the time that we regain eligibility to use Form S-3, our transaction costs and the amount of time required to complete financing transactions could increase. An inability to obtaining financing may have a material adverse effect on our ability to grow our business, acquire assets through acquisitions or optimize our portfolio and capital structure. Additionally, the delay in financial statements may reduce the comfort of the Board with approving the payment of dividends.
Audited financial statements at the project level have also been delayed. These delays have caused defaults under five non-recourse financing agreements of our subsidiaries. Any such defaults that are not cured or waived may entitle the lenders to the applicable project companies to demand repayment or enforce their security interest, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay dividends. Such defaults may also restrict the ability of the project companies to make distributions to us.


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Risks Related to our Relationship with SunEdison and the SunEdison Bankruptcy
We continue to rely on SunEdison for many important services, and the SunEdison Bankruptcy creates numerous risks and uncertainties for us.
We have historically relied significantly on SunEdison for important corporate, project, and other services, including many management services under the MSA (such as management, secretarial, accounting, banking, treasury, administrative, regulatory and reporting functions; recommending and implementing business strategy; maintenance of books and records; calculation and payment of taxes; and preparation of audited and unaudited financial statements), as well as asset management and O&M for most of our projects.
Because of this reliance on SunEdison, the SunEdison Bankruptcy has created substantial risks to our business, operations and financial condition.
As we transition away from utilization of SunEdison for these services, we face new risks associated with replacing SunEdison with new contract providers, internal systems, staff and operations.
Risks and uncertainties associated with our transition away from reliance on SunEdison include:
SunEdison’s decisions during bankruptcy, including what contracts it seeks to assume, assume and assign or reject or what dispositions it chooses to make, potential opposition to such decisions from SunEdison’s creditors and other parties in interest and the requirement that the bankruptcy court approve many of SunEdison’s decisions during bankruptcy, including the assumption, assumption and assignment or rejection of contracts by SunEdison and any transactions entered into by SunEdison outside the ordinary course of business;
SunEdison’s ability to confirm and consummate a plan of reorganization;
SunEdison’s ability to maintain or obtain sufficient financing sources for its operations during the pendency of the bankruptcy or to obtain sufficient exit financing;
the bankruptcy court’s rulings (including rulings on issues related to our pursuit of strategic alternatives, such as a merger or sale of substantially all of our assets, or any other alternative that would require stockholder approval) which, as a result of the bankruptcy court’s equitable powers, are difficult to predict with any certainty;
potential increased difficulty in retaining and motivating SunEdison’s key employees through the process of reorganization, and increased difficulty in attracting new employees;
the actions and decisions of SunEdison’s stakeholders, including creditors, regulators and other third parties; and
the resolution of intercompany claims between us and SunEdison.
The SunEdison Bankruptcy could result in a liquidation of SunEdison, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition in light of our ongoing utilization of SunEdison for business and operational services and projects. A disorganized liquidation would increase the risk of a material adverse effect on our business.
We are transitioning away from our historical reliance on SunEdison for important corporate, project and other services, which involves management challenges and poses risks that may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Since the SunEdison Bankruptcy, we have been engaged in efforts to transition away from our historical reliance on SunEdison for corporate, project and other services, by seeking to identify alternative service providers and to establish and manage new relationships, as well as develop our own capabilities and resources in these areas. These efforts include creating a separate stand-alone organization, including, among other things, directly hiring employees and establishing our own accounting, information technology, human resources and other critical systems and infrastructure, and also include transitioning the project level operation and maintenance and asset management services to third party service providers. However, our efforts in this regard, although designed to mitigate risks posed by the SunEdison Bankruptcy, involve a number of new risks and challenges that may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We may be unable to contract with substitute service providers on terms similar to those provided by SunEdison or at all. The fees of substitute service providers or the costs of performing all or a portion of the services ourselves are likely be substantially more than the fees that we currently pay under the MSA, which are equal to 2.5% of the Company’s cash available for distribution to shareholders for each the years 2016, 2017 and 2018. In addition, in light of SunEdison’s familiarity with our assets, a substitute service provider may not be able to provide the same level of service.


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We may also be unable to perform the services ourselves, through hiring employees and migrating or establishing separate systems. Implementing any changes in connection with such transition may take longer than we expect, cost more than we expect, and divert management’s attention from other aspects of our business. We may also incur substantial legal and compliance costs in many of the jurisdictions where we operate. In addition, as we have limited experience in developing our own capabilities and resources, there is no assurance that we would ultimately be successful in our efforts in each of these areas, if at all, which could result in delays or disruptions in our business and operations.
The SunEdison Bankruptcy has resulted in project defaults that may entitle the related lenders to demand repayment, enforce their security interests or restrict project companies to make distributions to us, as well as compelled us to seek an alternative asset manager, which we may not succeed in finding.
In all six of our debt-financed projects, SunEdison is a party to a material project agreement, or is a guarantor thereof, such as being a party or guarantor to an asset management or O&M contract. The project level financing agreements for our remaining two levered power plants in India contain provisions that provide lenders with the right to accelerate debt maturity due to SunEdison’s bankruptcy because SunEdison was an original sponsor of the project and/or party to certain material project agreements, such as O&M and EPC related contracts. In addition, for our three power plants in South Africa, the project level financing agreements contain events of default provisions triggered by the bankruptcy of SunEdison as a party to certain material project contracts, such as O&M and EPC related contracts.
Such defaults in our debt-financed projects, if not cured or waived, may entitle the related lenders to demand repayment or enforce their security interests, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Such defaults may also restrict the ability of the project companies to make distributions to us. We are currently working with our project lenders to obtain waivers and/or forbearance agreements as we seek to cure such defaults; however, no assurances can be given that such waivers and/or forbearance agreements will be obtained.
Historically, SunEdison has provided O&M and asset management services to many of our power plants under project level O&M and asset management agreements between the applicable project companies and local SunEdison affiliates. None of these local SunEdison affiliates is a debtor in the SunEdison Bankruptcy, and therefore SunEdison cannot formally reject these agreements as part of the SunEdison Bankruptcy. However, SunEdison has failed to perform under many of these agreements and we are in the process transitioning away from SunEdison as an O&M and asset management service provider. Depending on the circumstances, we may manage the power plants ourselves or outsource our asset management and/or O&M functions in certain jurisdictions. We may not be able to adequately perform on the projects that we manage in-house, or identify a qualified third-party service provider that is willing to perform such services on equal or better terms than the existing contracts or at the same or lower prices for a given scope of services. If we are unable to adequately manage the projects or secure third-party service providers, it could lead to defaults under the terms of project     level debt contracts and other adverse consequences for our unlevered projects. An inability to successfully manage these projects or secure third-party service providers, and the resulting defaults and other consequences, or managing them at an excessively burdensome cost or securing third-party service providers on less favorable terms or at higher costs than our existing contracts, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
SunEdison was the construction contractor or module supplier for many of our projects, and it is unlikely that we will be able to recover on any claims under those contracts or related warranties.
SunEdison served as the prime construction contractor pursuant to engineering, procurement and construction contracts with our subsidiaries for most of our power plants acquired from SunEdison. These contracts are generally fixed price, turn-key construction contracts that include workmanship and other warranties with respect to the design and construction of the facilities that survive for a period of time after the completion of construction. These contracts or related contracts (including O&M agreements) also often include production or availability guarantees with respect to the output or availability of the facility that survive completion of construction. With respect to our power plants in Malaysia, we also utilized SunEdison solar modules and obtained solar module warranties from SunEdison, including module workmanship warranties and output guarantees. Because of these relationships, we have existing warranty or contract claims and will likely in the future have such claims. The SunEdison Bankruptcy will reduce or eliminate our recoveries on claims under these agreements and warranties, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operation and financial condition.
SunEdison is a party to important agreements at the corporate and project levels, which have been adversely affected by the SunEdison Bankruptcy.
As detailed in other risk factors under “Risks Related to our Relationship with SunEdison and the SunEdison Bankruptcy,” we have a number of important agreements with SunEdison at the corporate and project levels. The SunEdison Bankruptcy has adversely affected our rights under these agreements in a number of respects. For example, the protection of the


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automatic stay, which arises upon the commencement of a bankruptcy case, prohibits us from terminating a contract with any of the debtor entities (which includes SunEdison). Similarly, the U.S. Bankruptcy Code invalidates certain clauses that permit a party to terminate an executory contract (a contract where both parties have performance remaining) based on the counterparty’s financial condition, insolvency or commencement of bankruptcy proceedings. Legal proceedings to obtain relief from the automatic stay, to terminate agreements or to enforce rights under agreements can be time consuming, costly and uncertain as to outcome. SunEdison may require bankruptcy court approval in order to continue performing under certain agreements. Agreements with entities that are debtors may not be enforceable until SunEdison seeks (and receives) bankruptcy court approval to assume (accept) those contracts. SunEdison has discretion on whether to seek to assume, assume and assign (in certain cases) or reject executory contracts and we do not control this decision. Approval of the bankruptcy court is required for such assumption, assumption and assignment or rejection and parties in interest have the right to object to such assumption, assumption and assignment or rejection. Although assumption, assumption and assignment or rejection generally must be of the entire agreement, SunEdison could alternatively seek to renegotiate such contracts with us. SunEdison has agreed and could agree in the future to provisions in its debtor-in-possession ("DIP") financing that limit its ability to perform under agreements with us and that give the DIP lenders significant power over such performance.
Our ability to recover for breach, failure to perform or rejection of contracts (particularly for prepetition claims) is likely to be limited, and may be eliminated, depending on the recoveries generally for SunEdison’s creditors, due to competing claims with higher priority and the limited financial resources of SunEdison.
    In addition to those agreements, pursuant to the Interest Payment Agreement, SunEdison has an obligation to pay to the Company an aggregate amount equal to all of the scheduled interest on the Senior Notes up to $81.2 million in 2016, and up to an aggregate amount of $40.0 million in 2017, $30.0 million in 2018, $20.0 million in 2019 and $10.0 million in 2020, plus any interest due on any payment not remitted when due. In 2016, SunEdison failed to pay the amount of $37.1 million as obligated under the Interest Payment Agreement.
On July 29, 2016, the Company received a notice from SunEdison purporting to terminate the Interest Payment Agreement. The notice alleges that SunEdison's bankruptcy permits termination as of right without following the bankruptcy procedures for rejection of executory contracts. Although we do not expect SunEdison to perform under the Interest Payment Agreement going forward, the Company is contesting the purported termination of the Interest Payment Agreement, believes that the termination notice is invalid, and is asserting a claim in the SunEdison Bankruptcy for the full amount of damages resulting from SunEdison’s breach of the Interest Payment Agreement.
On September 25, 2016, the Company filed its initial proof of claim in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case, which was amended on October 7, 2016. This proof of claim asserted claims based on, among other things, SunEdison's breach of the sponsorship arrangement between the Company and SunEdison which included the Amended Interest Payment Agreement and other corporate and project level agreements. We expect that SunEdison and other stakeholders of SunEdison will contest the validity and amount of these claims. Moreover, our ability to recover for breach, failure to perform or rejection of contracts (particularly for prepetition claims) is likely to be limited, and may be eliminated, depending on the recoveries generally for SunEdison’s unsecured creditors, due to competing claims with higher priority and the limited financial resources of SunEdison.
These adverse effects of the SunEdison Bankruptcy on our rights under our agreements with SunEdison could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
There is a risk that our assets and liabilities could be consolidated with those of SunEdison in the SunEdison Bankruptcy.

We believe that we have observed formalities and operating procedures to maintain our separate existence from
SunEdison, that our assets and liabilities can be readily identified as distinct from those of SunEdison and that we do not rely
substantially on SunEdison for funding or liquidity and will have sufficient liquidity to support our ongoing operations. Our
contingency planning with respect to the SunEdison Bankruptcy has included and will include, among other things, establishing stand-alone information technology, accounting and other critical systems and infrastructure, establishing separate human resources systems and employee retention efforts, retaining replacement operation and maintenance and asset management services for our power plants from other providers and the pursuit of strategic alternatives.

However, there is a risk that an interested party in the SunEdison Bankruptcy could request that the assets and
liabilities of the Company be substantively consolidated with SunEdison and that the Company and/or its assets and liabilities
be included in the SunEdison Bankruptcy. Substantive consolidation is an equitable remedy in bankruptcy that results in the
pooling of assets and liabilities of the debtor and one or more of its affiliates solely for purposes of the bankruptcy case,
including for purposes of distributions to creditors and voting on and treatment under a reorganization plan. While it has not
been requested to date and we believe there is no basis for substantive consolidation in our circumstances, we cannot provide


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assurance that substantive consolidation will not be requested in the future or that the bankruptcy court would not consider it.

To the extent the bankruptcy court were to determine that substantive consolidation was appropriate under the facts
and circumstances, then the assets and liabilities of any entity that was subject to the substantive consolidation order could be
available to help satisfy the debt or contractual obligations of other entities. Bankruptcy courts have broad equitable powers,
and as a result, outcomes in bankruptcy proceedings are inherently difficult to predict. Due to the significant liabilities of
SunEdison, substantive consolidation of the Company with SunEdison and inclusion in the SunEdison Bankruptcy would
impede our ability to satisfy our liabilities in the normal course of business and otherwise restrict our operations and capacity to
function as a stand-alone enterprise. As a result of the foregoing, our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015
and the related audit report include an explanatory note regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

We have expended and may continue to expend significant resources in connection with the SunEdison Bankruptcy.
We have expended significant resources on contingency planning and other matters, resulting from the SunEdison Bankruptcy. Our additional expenses include legal fees, consultant and financial advisor fees and related expenses, and it is likely that such expenses will continue during the duration of the SunEdison Bankruptcy. We have also dedicated, and anticipate that we will continue to dedicate, significant internal resources and management time to contingency planning and to addressing the consequences of the SunEdison Bankruptcy. This has reduced, and may continue to reduce, the internal time and resources available for other areas of our business and substantially increase our operating expenses.
The SunEdison Bankruptcy has subjected us to increased litigation risk, including claims seeking to avoid payments SunEdison made to us or transactions that we consummated with SunEdison in the period prior to the SunEdison Bankruptcy.
The SunEdison Bankruptcy has resulted in the Company being subject to litigation that will increase our exposure to litigation costs and divert substantial time and resources of our management. On November 7, 2016, the unsecured creditors’ committee in the SunEdison Bankruptcy filed a motion with the bankruptcy court seeking standing to assert against the Company, on behalf of SunEdison, avoidance claims arising from intercompany transactions between the Company and SunEdison. The Company expects to vigorously contest this standing motion and, if standing is granted, the underlying avoidance claims. Furthermore, the Company initiated settlement discussions with SunEdison and certain of SunEdison’s stakeholders to resolve, among other issues, intercompany claims and defenses between the Company and SunEdison. While these settlement discussions have started and there can be no guaranty that a settlement will be reached, the Company believes that a successful settlement could facilitate the Company’s exploration of strategic alternatives. Any settlement would be subject to the approval of the bankruptcy court in the SunEdison Bankruptcy.
Additionally, because our directors’ and officers’ insurance policies covering the period through July 15, 2016, including a number of policies under which SunEdison is the named insured, are shared with SunEdison and TerraForm Power, Inc., the SunEdison Bankruptcy may limit our ability to utilize such insurance to, among other things, cover settlement costs, defense costs, and our indemnification obligations to our directors and officers. In November 2016, the unsecured creditors’ committee in the SunEdison Bankruptcy filed a motion with the bankruptcy court in the SunEdison Bankruptcy seeking standing to file an action seeking a declaration that such directors’ and officers’ insurance policies were property of SunEdison’s bankruptcy estate, which would have the likely effect of limiting the Company’s access to these policies. If we are required to make settlement payments, cover defense costs or make indemnification payments to our officers or directors in respect of matters covered by our directors’ and officers’ insurance policies covering the period through July 15, 2016, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by the limited availability of directors’ and officers’ insurance. Our directors’ and officers’ insurance policies covering the period after July 15, 2016 are not shared with SunEdison, and we do not expect them to be affected by the SunEdison Bankruptcy.
A sale of SunEdison, or a sale of SunEdison’s ownership interest in us, may result in a significant change in our current business strategy; any such sale could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
SunEdison could sell or transfer all or a portion of its ownership interests in us to an unaffiliated third party, including in a merger or consolidation or in a transfer of all or substantially all of its assets, and such sales or transfers may occur during the SunEdison Bankruptcy subject to the approval of the bankruptcy court. If a new owner were to acquire ownership of SunEdison or acquire ownership of SunEdison’s ownership interests in us, including in connection with the reorganization or liquidation of SunEdison in bankruptcy, and appoint new directors or officers of its own choosing, the new owner would be able to exercise substantial influence over our policies and procedures and exercise substantial influence over our management and the types of acquisitions we make. Such changes could result in our capital being used to make acquisitions that are substantially different from our targeted acquisitions and otherwise effect a significant change in our current business strategy.


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Additionally, we cannot predict the effect that any transfer of ownership would have on the trading price of our Class A common stock or our ability to raise capital or make investments in the future, because such matters would depend to a large extent on the identity of the new owner and the new owner’s intentions with regard to us. We may have limited ability to consent to or otherwise influence or control the ultimate purchaser or purchasers of the Class B common stock sold by SunEdison.
Such changes could also result in further breach or termination of any agreements under which SunEdison provides O&M or asset management services to us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. The risks of such breach and termination are described above in under Risks Related to our Relationship with SunEdison and the SunEdison Bankruptcy. A change of control that results in a subsequent holder or holders of our stock gaining control of the Company without the consent of our Revolver lenders would also constitute an event of default under our Revolver and would require Global Operating to offer to repurchase its Senior Notes at 101% of the applicable principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, to the repurchase date. Furthermore, a change of control would trigger a termination of the Interest Payment Agreement. SunEdison can enter into these transactions without needing the approval of our Class A common stockholders, but sales or transfers of SunEdison’s ownership interests are subject to certain restrictions under our governing documents. If we are unable to find suitable replacements, our ability to implement our strategy could be diminished. Additionally, the occurrence of such changes may trigger change of control provisions found in certain of our PPAs and in agreements as described in the Risk Factor “Certain of our PPAs and non-recourse financing arrangements include provisions that would permit the counterparty to terminate the contract or accelerate maturity in the event SunEdison ceases, directly or indirectly, to control or own a certain percentage of our company.” Finally, implementation of our strategy relies on our executive officers and key personnel for their strategic guidance and expertise. The occurrence of such changes could result in the departure of one or more of these executive officers or key personnel.
Our growth strategy was substantially dependent on SunEdison and the SunEdison Bankruptcy has had a negative impact on our growth and future growth.
Our growth strategy was substantially dependent on SunEdison, including its ability to obtain financing and generate sufficient cash to adequately fund its operations, and on SunEdison’s ability to fund the construction and development of Call Right Projects under the Project Investment Agreement and Support Agreement. SunEdison has breached the Project Investment Agreement, the India PSA, Support Agreement, and other agreements with respect to the Call Right Projects and we do not expect it to perform under any of them. As a result, our growth prospects, including our ability to grow our dividend per share, have been, and may continue to be, negatively affected.
The SunEdison Bankruptcy may adversely affect our relationships with current or potential counterparties.
We have important counterparties at every level of operations, including offtakers under the PPAs, corporate and project level lenders, suppliers and service providers. The SunEdison Bankruptcy may damage our relationship with our counterparties due to concerns about the SunEdison Bankruptcy and its impact on our business. These concerns may cause counterparties to be less willing grant waivers or forbearances if needed for other matters and more likely to enforce contractual provisions or reduce utilization of our services (or the provision of supplies or services) where the counterparty has flexibility in volume or duration. These concerns may also cause our existing or potential new counterparties to be less likely to enter into new agreements or to demand more expensive or onerous terms, credit support, security or other conditions. Damage to our existing or potential future counterparty relationships may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, including our growth strategy.
SunEdison is our controlling stockholder and exercises substantial influence over Global; it may take actions that conflict with the interests of our other stockholders.
SunEdison beneficially owns all of our outstanding Class B common stock. Each share of our outstanding Class B common stock entitles SunEdison to 100 votes on all matters presented to our stockholders. As a result of its ownership of our Class B common stock, SunEdison possesses approximately 98.2% of the combined voting power of our stockholders even though SunEdison only owns approximately 35.2% of total shares outstanding (inclusive of Class A common stock and Class B common stock). As a result of this ownership, SunEdison has a substantial influence on our affairs and its voting power will constitute a large percentage of any quorum of our stockholders voting on any matter requiring the approval of our stockholders. Such matters include the election of directors, the adoption of amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws and approval of mergers or sale of all or substantially all of our assets. This concentration of ownership may also have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of our company or discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares, which could depress the price per share a bidder might otherwise be willing to pay. In addition, SunEdison, for so long as it and its controlled affiliates possess a majority of the combined voting


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power, has the power, directly or indirectly, to appoint or remove all of our directors, including the members of our Conflicts Committee and all of our executive officers. SunEdison also has a right to specifically designate up to four directors to our Board until such time as SunEdison and its controlled affiliates cease to own shares representing a majority voting power in us. On November 20, 2015, SunEdison designated three directors to our board. SunEdison has the right to remove and replace these directors at any time and for any reason. In addition, SunEdison may designate one additional director to our board. SunEdison may take actions that conflict with the interests of our other stockholders (including holders of our Class A common stock).
Other than personnel designated as dedicated to us, SunEdison personnel and support staff that continue to provide services to us under the MSA are not required to, and we do not expect that they will, have as their primary responsibility the management and administration of our business or act exclusively for us. Under the MSA, SunEdison has the discretion to determine which of its employees, other than the designated Global personnel, will perform assignments required to be provided to us under the MSA.
In connection with the SunEdison Bankruptcy, SunEdison has received final approval from the bankruptcy court for its DIP financing and related credit agreement. We expect SunEdison’s DIP lenders will have significant control over SunEdison’s interactions with us during the SunEdison Bankruptcy due to the covenants in the DIP credit agreement. The DIP credit agreement also gives substantial authority, on behalf of management of SunEdison, over the restructuring and the relationship between SunEdison and us to the chief restructuring officer of SunEdison. In connection with the SunEdison Bankruptcy, SunEdison will also be required to seek approval of the bankruptcy court prior to engaging in activities or transactions outside of the ordinary course of business, which activities or transactions could be challenged by parties in interest. The covenants in the DIP credit agreement or developments in the bankruptcy process may lead SunEdison to take actions that conflict with the interests of our Class A common stock.
Our organizational and ownership structure may create significant conflicts of interest that may be resolved in a manner that is not in our best interests or the best interests of holders of our Class A common stock and that may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our organizational and ownership structure involves a number of relationships that may give rise to certain conflicts of interest between us and holders of our Class A common stock, on the one hand, and SunEdison, on the other hand. Historically, the personnel that manage our operations (other than our Chairman and Interim Chief Executive Officer, Peter Blackmore, our Chief Operating Officer, Tom Studebaker, and our Interim Chief Accounting Officer, David Rawden) have been employees of SunEdison and their services have been provided to the Company under the MSA or project level asset management, and O&M services agreements. SunEdison is a related party under the applicable securities laws governing related party transactions and may have interests which differ from our interests or those of holders of our Class A common stock, including with respect to the types of acquisitions made, the timing and amount of dividends by the Company, the reinvestment of returns generated by our operations, the use of leverage when making acquisitions and the appointment of outside advisors and service providers. We have a Conflicts Committee to assist us in addressing conflicts of interest as they arise. SunEdison, for so long as it and its controlled affiliates possess a majority of our combined voting power, has the power, directly or indirectly, to appoint or remove all of our directors and committee members, including the members of our Conflicts Committee, and our executive officers. These powers have affected and may in the future affect the functioning of our Conflicts Committee. On November 20, 2015, the members of our Conflicts Committee were removed by the Board from that committee and subsequently resigned from the Board. In their resignation letters, these directors stated that they did not believe they would be able to protect the interests of the shareholders going forward, and therefore resigned. In addition, contemporaneously, our Chief Executive Officer was removed as an officer and director and our Chief Financial Officer was removed as an officer. Our next Chief Executive Officer, who resigned on March 30, 2016, served as both the Chief Financial Officer of SunEdison and as the Chief Executive Officer of Global, which may have created conflicts of interest during this period. These management changes have resulted in considerable negative publicity. While a number of our executive officers, including our Chairman and Interim Chief Executive Officer, Peter Blackmore, our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Rebecca Cranna, our Chief Operating Officer, Tom Studebaker, and our Interim Chief Accounting Officer, David Rawden, continue to serve in the same functions for TerraForm Power for the time being, most other officers and employees will be providing services exclusively to the Company.
On June 1, 2016, the Company adopted an amendment to the Global LLC Agreement creating an LLC Conflicts Committee, which is granted the exclusive power to exercise all of its rights, powers and authority as the sole managing member of Global LLC to manage and control the business and affairs of Global LLC and its controlled affiliates relating to or involving SunEdison and any of its affiliates (other than the Company and its controlled affiliates) until the first annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders after December 31, 2016. There is a risk that this delegation will be revoked, or that the members of the LLC Conflicts Committee will be removed, each of which are permissible by a written instrument signed by


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the Company, acting in its capacity as managing member of Global LLC, with either (i) the written consent of a majority of the LLC Conflicts Committee members then in office, or (ii) Independent Shareholder Approval.
Any material transaction between us and SunEdison (including the waiver of rights with respect to the Call Right Projects and any ROFO Projects, any transactions that potentially could arise out of our exploration of strategic alternatives, and any settlements of claims in connection with the SunEdison Bankruptcy case) are subject to our related party transaction policy, which will require prior approval of such transaction by our Conflicts Committee. There are inherent limitations in the ability of our Conflicts Committee to help us manage conflicts of interest or perceived conflicts of interest and the various measures we have taken to address conflicts of interest, including our Conflicts Committee and our related party transaction approval policy, have not prevented stockholders from instituting stockholder derivative claims related to conflicts of interest. Regardless of the merits of these claims, we may be required to expend significant management time and financial resources in the defense thereof. Additionally, to the extent we fail to appropriately deal with conflicts of interest, or we are perceived to have failed to deal appropriately with any such conflicts, it could negatively impact our reputation and ability to raise additional funds and the willingness of counterparties to do business with us, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
The 425 MW India Projects will not be completed and transferred to the Company in accordance with the India PSA, and we expect to suffer a loss as a result of our payment of the deposit for acquiring these projects.
Pursuant to the India PSA, the Company paid $231.0 million in cash to SunEdison Holdings Corporation in exchange for the 425 MW India Projects, which projects would be transferred to the Company upon satisfaction of certain conditions precedent. For additional information on these projects, see“Item 1. Business-Acquisitions-Incomplete Dropdowns-425 MW India Projects.” During 2016, and beginning prior to the SunEdison Bankruptcy, the Company became aware that there was substantial risk that the 425 MW India Projects may not be completed and transferred to the Company in accordance with the India PSA.
In April 2016, the Company filed a verified complaint against SunEdison, SunEdison Holdings Corporation, Ahmad Chatila, Martin Truong and Brian Wuebbels in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware (see Item 15. Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies). The complaint asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duty, breach of contract and unjust enrichment relating to the failure by SunEdison to transfer the equity interests in the 425 MW India Projects for which the Company paid $231.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2015. The complaint seeks various forms of relief, including a constructive trust upon the equity interests of SunEdison in the 425 MW India Projects, money damages from the defendants, restoration of the $231.0 million to the Company and such other relief as the court may deem just and proper. The claims against SunEdison have been stayed as a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy. The individual defendants filed an answer to the complaint on June 30, 2016.
The $231.0 million paid by the Company in accordance with the India PSA is reported as a deposit for acquisitions on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015. The Company determined that the deposit for acquisition of the 425 MW India Projects was impaired as of December 31, 2015, and we recorded a provision for contingent loss of the full $231.0 million in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015. The Company also recorded a corresponding charge in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2015.

As previously described in Item 1.- Incomplete IPO Project Transfers and Dropdowns, the Third Party Sale Transaction is being conducted in connection with SunEdison’s bankruptcy process and includes the 425 MW India portfolio.

Our organizational and ownership structure is complex and has been, and continues to be, subject to increased scrutiny and negative publicity in the recent past, particularly relating to changes in our senior management and Board, which may have a material adverse effect on, among other things, the value of our securities and our ability to conduct our business, as well as subject us to increased litigation risk.
Our organizational and ownership structure is complex and has recently been subject to increased scrutiny, including inquiries from our stakeholders, litigation from stockholders and negative publicity. In particular, there has been considerable negative publicity in the media relating to the resignations and removals of certain members of our Board, including members of our Conflicts Committee, as well as the replacement of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer in November 2015. Negative publicity has also included allegations of breaches of fiduciary duty by our Board and our executive officers, perceived conflicts of interest among us, our executive officers and our affiliates and criticism of our and our affiliates’ business strategies. Our reputation may be closely related to that of SunEdison, and the reputation and public image of SunEdison has suffered as a result of its financial condition and the SunEdison Bankruptcy. Such negative publicity may have a material adverse effect on our business in a number of ways, including, among other things:


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causing the trading value of our outstanding securities to diminish;
damaging our reputation and adversely affecting the willingness of counterparties to do business with us, including obtaining consents and approvals from counterparties;
subjecting us and our affiliates to increased risks of future litigation or affecting the course of our current litigation;
disrupting our ability to execute our and our affiliates’ business plans, including in respect of potential transactions with our affiliates, and potentially reducing our cash available for distribution; and
limiting our ability to raise capital and refinance existing obligations.
SunEdison has pledged the shares of Class B common stock that it owns to its lenders under its credit facilities. If the lenders foreclose on these shares, there could be a material adverse effect on the market price of our shares of Class A common stock.
SunEdison has pledged all of the shares of Class B common stock, and a corresponding amount of the Class B units of Global LLC as well as the IDRs, that SunEdison owns to SunEdison’s lenders as security under its DIP financing and its first and second lien credit facilities and outstanding second lien secured notes. Foreclosure by the lenders under the first and second lien credit facilities and outstanding second lien secured notes likely will be stayed during the pendency of the SunEdison Bankruptcy. However, if SunEdison breaches certain covenants and obligations in its DIP financing, an event of default or maturity of the DIP financing could result and the lenders could exercise their right to accelerate all the debt under the DIP financing and foreclose on the pledged shares, units and IDR. In addition, in the course of exploring financing alternatives, SunEdison could seek to sell all or a portion of its shares of Class B common stock or otherwise dispose of such shares to increase its liquidity profile or to effect acquisitions or other similar transactions. Foreclosures or transfers are subject to certain limitations in our governing documents; however, such limitations may not be enforceable against foreclosures or transfers occurring in connection with the SunEdison Bankruptcy, including foreclosures by the lenders under SunEdison’s DIP financing.
Any future sale of the shares of Class A common stock received that have been converted from Class B common stock upon foreclosure of the pledged securities or upon the sale or other disposition of SunEdison’s Class B common stock could cause the market price of our Class A common stock to decline. SunEdison, through wholly owned subsidiaries, owns 61,343,054 Class B units of Global LLC, which are exchangeable (together with shares of our Class B common stock) for shares of our Class A common stock. Moreover, we may have limited ability to consent to or otherwise influence or control the ultimate purchaser or purchasers of the Class A common stock sold by SunEdison. A foreclosure on or sale of the shares of our Class B common stock and of Class B units of Global LLC’s units held by SunEdison may result in a change of control. Among other potential implications, a change of control that results in a subsequent holder or holders of our stock gaining control of the Company without the consent of our Revolver lenders would constitute an event of default under our Revolver and would require Global Operating LLC to offer to repurchase its Senior Notes at 101% of the applicable principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, to the repurchase date. Any such change of control may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operation and cash flows.
Any such change of control may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operation and cash flows.
Certain of our PPAs and non-recourse financing arrangements include provisions that would permit the counterparty to terminate the contract or accelerate maturity in the event SunEdison ceases, directly or indirectly, to control or own a certain percentage of our company.
The PPAs and non-recourse financing arrangements for our power plants in South Africa, and the financing agreements for our remaining two levered power plants in India, contain change in control provisions that provide the counterparty with a termination right or the ability to accelerate maturity in the event of a change of control without the counterparty’s consent. These provisions are triggered in the event SunEdison ceases to own, directly or indirectly, capital stock representing more than 50% of the voting power of all of our capital stock outstanding on such date, or, in some cases, if SunEdison ceases, directly or indirectly, to control or own a certain percentage of the equity, as applicable, in the applicable project company. As a result, if SunEdison ceases to control, or in some cases, own a certain percentage of Global, whether as a result of a sale, foreclosure, reorganization, restructuring or other similar circumstance, in connection with the SunEdison Bankruptcy or otherwise, if appropriate consents or waivers are not obtained the counterparties could terminate such contracts or accelerate the maturity of such financing arrangements. SunEdison could enter into a transaction that could result in the triggering of a change of control, including a sale of SunEdison’s entire ownership position in us, without a vote of our Class A common stockholders. The termination of any of our PPAs or the acceleration of the maturity of any of our non-recourse financing could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.


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The holder or holders of our IDRs may elect to cause Global LLC to issue Class B1 units to it or them in connection with a resetting of target distribution levels related to the IDRs, without the approval of our Conflicts Committee or the holders of Global LLC’s units, us as manager of Global LLC, or our Board (or any committee thereof). This could result in lower distributions to holders of our Class A common stock.
The holder or holders of a majority of the IDRs (currently SunEdison through one or more wholly owned subsidiaries) have the right, if the Subordination Period has expired and if we have made cash distributions in excess of the then-applicable Third Target Distribution for each of the prior four consecutive fiscal quarters, to reset the initial target distribution levels at higher levels based on Global LLC’s cash distribution levels at the time of the exercise of the reset election. The right to reset the target distribution levels may be exercised without the approval of the holders of Global LLC’s units, the Company, as manager of Global LLC, or our Board (or any committee thereof). Following a reset election, a baseline distribution amount will be calculated as an amount equal to the average cash distribution per Class A unit, Class B1 unit and Class B unit for the two consecutive fiscal quarters immediately preceding the reset election (such amount is referred to as the “Reset Minimum Quarterly Distribution”), and the target distribution levels will be reset to correspondingly higher levels based on percentage increases above the Reset Minimum Quarterly Distribution.
In connection with the reset election, the holders of the IDRs will receive Global LLC Class B1 units and shares of our Class B1 common stock. Therefore, the reset of the IDRs will dilute existing stockholders’ ownership. This dilution of ownership may cause dilution of future distributions per share as a higher percentage of distributions per share would go to SunEdison or a future owner of the IDRs if the IDRs are sold.
We anticipate that SunEdison (or any subsequent holder of the IDRs) would exercise this reset right in order to facilitate acquisitions or internal growth projects that would not be sufficiently accretive to cash distributions without such conversion. However, it is possible that SunEdison (or another holder) could exercise this reset election at a time when Global LLC is experiencing declines in aggregate cash distributions or is expected to experience declines in its aggregate cash distributions. In such situations, the holder of the IDRs may desire to be issued Class B1 units rather than retain the right to receive incentive distributions based on the initial target distribution levels. As a result, a reset election may cause the Company (which holds all of Global LLC’s Class A units), and, in turn, holders of our Class A common stock to experience a reduction in the amount of cash distributions that they would have otherwise received had Global LLC not issued new Class B1 units to the holders of the IDRs in connection with resetting the target distribution levels.
The IDRs may be transferred to an unaffiliated third party without our consent, as manager of Global LLC, or the consent of our Board (or any committee thereof).
SunEdison has pledged the IDRs as collateral under its DIP financing and its first and second lien credit facilities and second lien secured notes. Also, SunEdison may transfer the IDRs to an unaffiliated third party at any time without the consent of the holders of Global LLC’s Class A units, us, as manager of Global LLC, or our Board (or any committee thereof). However, in the Global LLC limited liability company agreement, Global LLC has been granted a right of first refusal with respect to any proposed sale of IDRs to an unaffiliated third party (other than its controlled affiliates), under which we may exercise to purchase the IDRs proposed to be sold on the same terms offered to such third party at any time within 30 days after we receive written notice of the proposed sale and its terms. This right of first refusal may not be enforceable with respect to sales occurring in connection with the SunEdison Bankruptcy. If SunEdison transfers the IDRs to an unaffiliated third party, including as part of the SunEdison Bankruptcy process, SunEdison would not have the same incentive to grow our business and increase quarterly distributions to holders of Class A common stock over time.
If we incur material tax liabilities, distributions to holders of our Class A common stock may be reduced without any corresponding reduction in the amount of distributions paid to SunEdison or other holders of the IDRs, Class B units and Class B1 units.
We are entirely dependent upon distributions we receive from Global LLC in respect of the Class A units held by us for payment of our expenses and other liabilities. We must make provisions for the payment of our income tax liabilities, if any, before we can use the cash distributions we receive from Global LLC to make distributions to our Class A common stockholders. If we incur material tax liabilities, our distributions to holders of our Class A common stock may be reduced. However, the cash available to make distributions to the holders of the Class B units and IDRs issued by Global LLC (all of which are currently held by SunEdison), or to the holders of any Class B1 units that may be issued by Global LLC in connection with an IDR reset or otherwise, will not be reduced by the amount of our tax liabilities. As a result, if we incur material tax liabilities, distributions to holders of our Class A common stock may be reduced, without any corresponding reduction in the amount of distributions paid to SunEdison or other holders of the IDRs, Class B units and Class B1 units of Global LLC.


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Our ability to terminate the MSA is limited.
The MSA provides that we may terminate the agreement upon 30 days prior written notice to SunEdison upon the occurrence of any of the following: (i) SunEdison defaults in the performance or observance of any material term, condition or covenant contained therein in a manner that results in material harm to us and the default continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after written notice thereof is given to SunEdison; (ii) SunEdison engages in any act of fraud, misappropriation of funds or embezzlement that results in material harm to us; (iii) SunEdison is grossly negligent in the performance of its duties under the agreement and such negligence results in material harm to us; (iv) upon the happening of certain events relating to the bankruptcy or insolvency of SunEdison; (v) on such date as SunEdison and its affiliates no longer beneficially hold more than 50% of the voting power of our capital stock; and (vi) upon the date that SunEdison experiences a change in control. Furthermore, if we request an amendment to the scope of services provided by SunEdison under the MSA and we are not able to agree with SunEdison as to a change to the service fee resulting from a change in the scope of services within 180 days of the request, we will be able to terminate the agreement upon 30 days’ prior notice to SunEdison.
We will not be able to terminate the agreement for any other reason, and the agreement continues in perpetuity until terminated in accordance with its terms. SunEdison has breached its obligations under the MSA, in particular with respect to financial reporting and internal control matters. However, the termination provisions upon a bankruptcy or insolvency of SunEdison are likely not enforceable, and during the pendency of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, the automatic stay may prevent us from terminating the agreement in accordance with its terms without authorization from the bankruptcy court. The MSA also includes non-compete provisions that prohibit us from engaging in certain activities competitive with SunEdison’s power project development and construction business. The agreement provides that these non-compete provisions survive termination indefinitely. If SunEdison's performance does not meet the expectations of investors, the market price of our Class A common stock could suffer.
As described under the risk factor “SunEdison is a party to important agreements at the corporate and project levels, which may be adversely affected by the SunEdison Bankruptcy,” as a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, SunEdison has adversely affected our rights under a number of important agreements with SunEdison at the corporate and project levels in a number of respects.
The liability of SunEdison under the MSA is limited, and we have agreed to indemnify SunEdison against claims that it may face in connection with the MSA.
Under the MSA, SunEdison will not assume any responsibility other than to provide or arrange for the provision of the services described in the MSA in good faith. In addition, under the MSA, the liability of SunEdison and its affiliates will be limited to the fullest extent permitted by law to conduct involving bad faith, fraud, willful misconduct or gross negligence or, in the case of a criminal matter, action that was known to have been unlawful. In addition, we have agreed to indemnify SunEdison to the fullest extent permitted by law from and against any claims, liabilities, losses, damages, costs or expenses incurred by an indemnified person or threatened in connection with our operations, investments and activities or in respect of or arising from the MSA or the services provided by SunEdison, except to the extent that the claims, liabilities, losses, damages, costs or expenses are determined to have resulted from the conduct in respect of which such persons have liability as described above. The indemnification arrangements in favor of SunEdison may give rise to legal claims by SunEdison for indemnification from us that are adverse to us or holders of our Class A common stock.
Risks Related to our Business
Our failure to achieve and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as a public company could have a material adverse effect on our business and share price.
Prior to completion of our IPO on August 5, 2015, we had not operated as a public company and did not have to independently comply with Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. As a public company, we are required to maintain internal control over financial reporting and to report any material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we evaluate and determine the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and, beginning with our second annual report following our IPO, which will be our fiscal year ending December 31, 2016, provide a management’s report on internal control over financial reporting. Additionally, once we are no longer an emerging growth company, as defined by the JOBS Act, our independent registered public accounting firm will be required pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting on an annual basis. The rules governing the standards that must be met for our management to assess our internal control over financial reporting are complex and require significant documentation, testing and possible remediation.
Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP. A material weakness is a


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deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the entity’s financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The existence of any material weakness would require management to devote significant time and incur significant expense to remediate any such material weaknesses and management may not be able to remediate any such material weaknesses in a timely manner.    
As of December 31, 2015, we did not maintain an effective control environment attributable to certain identified material weaknesses and other control deficiencies. For additional information, see “Item 9A, Controls and Procedures.” The control deficiencies resulted in several material misstatements to the preliminary consolidated financial statements that were corrected prior to the issuance of the audited consolidated financial statements. These control deficiencies create a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement to the consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis, and therefore we concluded that the deficiencies represent material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, and our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2015.
We have developed and are in the process of implementing various measures in connection with our remediation of the material weaknesses identified in our ongoing efforts to improve our internal controls over financial reporting. We cannot assure you that the measures we have taken to date, and are continuing to implement, will be sufficient to remediate the material weakness identified or avoid potential future material weaknesses.
The existence of material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting could result in errors in our financial statements that could require us to restate our financial statements, cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and cause stockholders to lose confidence in our reported financial information, all of which could materially and adversely affect our business and stock price.

Current market conditions have increased certain of the risks we face, including risks that are particular to the Company.
Conditions in the capital markets for growth, income and energy companies, including renewable energy companies, generally declined in the third and fourth quarters of 2015. We have been affected by this general decline as well as limitations on our ability to access the capital markets for reasons that are particular to the Company, including the SunEdison Bankruptcy and other risks that we face. In some cases, these developments have affected the plans and perspectives of various market participants, including operating entities, consumers and financing providers, and they have contributed to increased uncertainty and heightened some of the risks we face that are particular to the Company. While we remain focused on executing our near term objectives, we will continue to monitor market developments and consider further adjustments to our plans and priorities if required, which could result in further significant changes to our business strategy. As a result of the negative impact on our business from these developments, we no longer expect in the near term to achieve the growth rate in our dividend per Class A common share that we had been targeting.
Risks that have increased as a result of these developments include, but are not limited to, risks related to access to capital and liquidity and risks related to the performance and prospects of third parties, including SunEdison as described under “Risks Related to our Relationship with SunEdison and the SunEdison Bankruptcy,” which may reduce our ability to access the capital markets. Additionally, and as described above, we will not receive Call Right Projects to which we are contractually entitled.
Furthermore, any significant disruption to our ability to access the capital markets, or a significant increase in interest rates, will make it difficult for us to successfully acquire attractive power plants and may also limit our ability to obtain debt or equity financing to complete such acquisitions. If we are unable to raise adequate proceeds when needed to fund such acquisitions, the ability to grow our portfolio may be limited, which could have a material adverse effect on our ability to implement our growth strategy and, ultimately, our projected cash available for distribution to shareholders, results of operations, business and financial condition.
We are involved in costly and time-consuming litigation and other regulatory proceedings, including the SunEdison Bankruptcy proceedings, which require significant attention from our management and involve a greater exposure to legal liability.
We have and continue to be involved in legal proceedings, administrative proceedings, claims and other litigation, including due to the SunEdison Bankruptcy proceedings, failed or terminated transactions and certain alleged conflicts of interest. In addition, we are named as defendants from time to time in other lawsuits and regulatory actions relating to our business, some of which may claim significant damages and we have initiated a lawsuit as a plaintiff against SunEdison and certain of its officers. SunEdison’s controlling interests in Global and the position of certain of our executive officers on the board of directors and in senior management of Global have resulted in, and may increase the possibility of future claims of breaches of fiduciary duties including claims of conflicts of interest related to Global. We may also be subject to litigation


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arising out of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, including actions to avoid payments made to us by SunEdison or transactions that we consummated with SunEdison.
Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation and regulatory proceedings, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of any such proceedings. Unfavorable outcomes or developments relating to these proceedings, or new proceeding involving similar allegations or otherwise, such as monetary damages or equitable remedies, could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial position, results of operations or cash flows or limit our ability to engage in certain of our business activities. Settlement of claims could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, regardless of the outcome of any litigation or regulatory proceedings, such proceedings are often expensive, lengthy and disruptive to normal business operations and require significant attention from our management. We are currently, and may be subject in the future, to claims, lawsuits or arbitration proceedings related to matters in tort or under contracts, employment matters, securities class action lawsuits, shareholder derivative actions, breaches of fiduciary duty, conflicts of interest, tax authority examinations or other lawsuits, regulatory actions or government inquiries and investigations.
In the past, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been subject to securities class action litigation. We have become the target of such securities litigation, and we may become the target of additional securities litigation in the future, which could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention from other business concerns, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
There can be no assurance that our exploration of strategic alternatives will result in any transaction being consummated, and speculation and uncertainty regarding the outcome of our exploration of strategic alternatives may adversely impact our business.
On September 19, 2016, we announced that, at the recommendation of our Conflicts Committee, our Board has initiated a process to explore and evaluate potential strategic alternatives to maximize stockholder value, including a merger or sale of our entire business. There can be no assurance that this process will result in the pursuit or consummation of any strategic transaction or that there will be a formal cessation of the process. Even if a deal is reached, there is the risk that we would not obtain necessary third-party approvals and overcome other obstacles to closing, including government and regulatory approvals and, to the extent required, consents from our lenders under the Revolver.
In addition, this process will involve the dedication of significant resources and the incurrence of significant costs and expenses. Certain strategic alternatives for us may require stockholder approval. Since SunEdison is operating under Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, many decisions made by SunEdison, such as how to vote its shares in Global to approve a merger or sale of substantially all of Global’s assets, may require the approval of the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York. In addition, speculation and uncertainty regarding our exploration of strategic alternatives may cause or result in the disruption of our business; diversion of significant resources of our management and staff; difficulty in recruiting, hiring, motivating and retaining talented and skilled personnel; difficulty in maintaining or negotiating and consummating new, business or strategic relationships or transactions; disruption of our relationships with customers, business partners and service providers; inability to respond effectively to competitive pressures, industry developments and future opportunities; and increased stock price volatility.
If we are unable to mitigate these or other potential risks related to the uncertainty caused by our exploration of strategic alternatives, it may disrupt our business or adversely impact our revenue, operating results and financial condition. In addition, the market price of our stock may be volatile as we consider strategic alternatives, and volatility may persist or be increased if and when a decision to pursue a particular alternative (or no alternative) is announced.
Furthermore, even if this process results in the pursuit of any proposed strategic transaction, there is no assurance that such strategic transaction will be consummated. We may be unable to obtain any regulatory or third-party approvals or consents (including any applicable approvals or consents related to our projects) that may be required to complete such strategic transaction, and we may be unable to satisfy other closing conditions for such strategic transaction, in the anticipated timeframe or at all. Any condition, to the extent imposed, for obtaining any necessary approvals or consents could delay the completion of such strategic transaction for a significant period of time or prevent it from occurring at all. Our failure to complete such strategic transaction could have a material adverse effect on our business and prospects.
Current or future litigation or administrative proceedings relating to the operation of our power plants could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We have and continue to be involved in legal proceedings, administrative proceedings, claims and other litigation relating to the operation of our power plants that arise in the ordinary course of business. Individuals and interest groups may sue to challenge the issuance of a permit for a power plant. A power plant may also be subject to legal proceedings or claims contesting the operation of the facility. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation and regulatory proceedings, we cannot


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accurately predict the ultimate outcome of any such proceedings. Unfavorable outcomes or developments relating to these proceedings, such as judgments for monetary damages, injunctions or denial or revocation of permits, could have a negative effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Settlement of claims could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, regardless of the outcome of any litigation or regulatory proceedings, such proceedings are often expensive, lengthy and disruptive to normal business operations and require significant attention from our management. As described in the risk factor “The SunEdison Bankruptcy has subjected us to increased litigation risk,” the SunEdison bankruptcy also increases our risks in certain of these proceedings and in future litigation.
We may have conflicts of interest with TerraForm Power.
Actual, perceived and potential conflicts of interest may arise between us and TerraForm Power in a number of areas arising from, among other sources, current and potential shared systems, assets and services and common business opportunities, and may receive increased scrutiny as a result of overlaps among members of our management teams and boards of directors as well as the controlling interests in both companies of SunEdison.
Until recently we and TerraForm Power generally had common boards of directors, and historically we and TerraForm Power shared common management, principally as a result of the control of both companies by SunEdison. Seven of the nine members of our Board currently serve on the 10-person board of directors of TerraForm Power. In addition, some of our executive officers serve as executive officers of TerraForm Power, including Peter Blackmore, our and TerraForm Power’s Chairman and Interim Chief Executive Officer, and Rebecca Cranna, our and TerraForm Power’s Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Our directors and executive officers that overlap with those of TerraForm Power owe fiduciary duties to both companies.
Although conflicts between TerraForm Power and us were not expected to be significant when the companies were formed, as a result of various developments, including the SunEdison Bankruptcy, we now expect that we will be presented with business decisions, including decisions regarding business opportunities, that will involve material interests of both companies. These decisions may relate to (i) business transactions in which both companies may have an interest, including the sharing of joint resources and service providers between the companies, (ii) the exploration of strategic alternatives that may involve both companies, (iii) the prosecution and settlement of the companies’ claims against SunEdison and other third parties, and (iv) other actions we may take or not take in connection with the SunEdison Bankruptcy. In such circumstances the allocations of expected costs and benefits between us and TerraForm Power will necessarily give rise to conflicts. Due to the overlapping nature of the management and boards of directors of the Company and TerraForm Power, effectively managing these actual, perceived and potential conflicts will require substantial attention, and we can provide no assurance that we will identify all relevant actual, perceived or potential conflicts or adequately address such conflicts. Further, while we will endeavor to appropriately identify and manage such conflicts, the Company, as well as its directors and executive officers, will be subject to increased risk of conflict of interest claims.
In addition, certain of our directors and executive officers own stock, options or restricted stock units in both companies, and these ownership interests could create actual, perceived or potential conflicts of interest when our common directors and officers are faced with decisions that could have different implications for us and TerraForm Power.
The removal of our President and Chief Executive Officer, the appointment of our Chairman and Interim Chief Executive Officer, the search for, and any appointment of, a permanent President and Chief Executive Officer, and other board and management changes could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Since November 2015, as a result of personnel decisions by SunEdison, the SunEdison Bankruptcy and related developments, we have experienced a series of significant changes in the Board and our senior management, including, among other things, the removal of our President and Chief Executive Officer, the appointment of our Chairman and Interim Chief Executive Officer, the removal and appointment of our Chief Financial Officer and a substantial change in the composition of the Board. For additional information, see “Item 1. Business - Recent Developments - Governance and Management Changes.
As a result of these changes, we have experienced, and may continue to experience, disruption or difficulty in maintaining or developing our business. Further, any search for, and hiring of, a permanent chief executive officer may also cause disruption or result in difficulty in maintaining or developing our business. The marketplace for experienced senior executive officers is competitive and we may experience challenges and significant expenses in hiring a permanent chief executive officer. Our performance is influenced by the performance of our senior management. These changes in management could adversely affect our senior management team’s ability to quickly and efficiently respond to problems and effectively manage our business.

Counterparties to our PPAs may not fulfill their obligations or may seek to terminate the PPAs early, which could result in a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.


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Substantially all of the electric power generated by our current portfolio of power plants is sold under long-term PPAs with public utilities or government, commercial, or industrial end users. Payments by our offtake counterparty may be delayed, or our offtake counterparty may be unable or unwilling to make complete and timely payments. For example, the offtake counterparty of one of our wind power plants in India is delayed by approximately one year on its payments to the applicable project company. This offtake counterparty is currently making payments on overdue amounts but it may be unable or unwilling to do so in the future. In addition, certain offtake counterparties provide a substantial portion of our consolidated revenues. See Item 1. - Customer Concentration. If a PPA was terminated or if, for any reason, any purchaser of power under a PPA is unable or unwilling to fulfill its related contractual obligations or refuses to accept delivery of power generated thereunder and, if we are unable to enter into a new PPA on acceptable terms in a timely fashion or at all, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In the event of a delay in payment under any PPA, while we may be entitled to charge penalty interest for such delay, the delay in recovering the amounts due could nonetheless have a material adverse effect on the cash flows from, and cash available for distribution to shareholders generated by, the applicable power plants. The risk factors “The SunEdison Bankruptcy may adversely affect our relationships with current or potential counterparties” and “The SunEdison Bankruptcy has resulted in project defaults that may entitle the related lenders to demand repayment, enforce their security interests or restrict project companies to make distributions to us, as well as compelled us to seek an alternative asset manager, which we may not succeed in finding” above describe additional risks with respect to our counterparty relationships and PPAs due to the SunEdison Bankruptcy.
The PPAs for certain of our power plants are, and PPAs entered into with respect to our future projects may be, subject to periodic price adjustments or require renegotiation of price terms over time. If the price terms under these PPAs fall below the initial price terms, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows may be materially and adversely affected.
Certain of our PPAs or other long-term arrangements with our customers are or may be subject to price adjustments over time. For example, the PPAs for the Malaysian power plants and two Indian power plants in our portfolio provide for price term adjustments. In Malaysia, there can be adjustments to the feed-in tariffs on the total solar energy generated in a year if the Sustainable Energy Development Authority of Malaysia (“SEDA”) determines that the power plant has achieved cost parity (which occurs once displaced costs have increased to be equal to or greater than the feed-in tariff rate). In addition, if the total solar energy generated in a year exceeds the planned amount for that year, the rate paid for the excess energy may be a price lower than the initial feed-in tariff rate. In India, two of our PPAs in the state of Karnataka have a fixed price for the first ten years and have a reset in year 11, to be determined by the state electricity regulatory commission. As a result, we are unable to ascertain the rate that may occur in such cases. If the price under any of our PPAs is reduced below the initial feed-in tariff rate, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows may be materially and adversely affected.
There can be no assurance that the BioTherm transaction will be consummated on the timetable currently anticipated or at all.
We cannot assure you that the BioTherm transaction will be consummated on the timetable currently contemplated or at all, or that regulatory authorities or project lenders will not attempt to impose additional terms or conditions, some of which may further delay our ability to close the BioTherm transaction on the timetable currently contemplated, prevent such closing altogether, or adversely affect the benefits we expect from such transaction. In order to consummate the BioTherm transaction, we and the seller must obtain consent from the project lenders in a timely manner. If these consents are not received, or they are not received on terms that satisfy the conditions set forth in the purchase agreement, then we and/or the seller may not be obligated to complete the BioTherm transaction. Also, we may not receive these consents in respect of the BioTherm transaction before the currently anticipated timing for closing such transaction. The failure to consummate the BioTherm transaction could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
Certain of the PPAs for the power plants that we own or may acquire in the future contain provisions that allow the offtake counterparty purchaser to terminate or buy out the project or require us to pay liquidated damages upon the occurrence of certain events. In addition, certain of our project financing agreements provide for acceleration upon the occurrence of such events. If these provisions are exercised, our cash available for distribution could materially decline.
Certain of the PPAs associated with our projects allow the offtake counterparty to terminate the PPA or receive liquidated damages in the event certain operating thresholds, performance measures or any other material terms of the PPA are breached or are not achieved within specified time periods. We are therefore subject to the risk of offtake counterparty termination or payment of damages based on such criteria. We cannot provide any assurance that PPAs containing such provisions will not be terminated or that we will not be required to pay liquidated damages with respect to power plants governed by PPAs containing such provisions. If any such PPA is terminated or any such power plant is bought out, we may not be able to enter into a replacement PPA or timely invest in a suitable replacement power plant. Any replacement PPA may be on


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terms less favorable to us than those in the terminated PPA, and any replacement power plant may possess economic characteristics less favorable to us than those of the power plant that was bought out. In the event a PPA is terminated, a power plant is bought out or we are required to pay liquidated damages under such provisions, it could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows until we are able to obtain a replacement PPA on similar terms, reinvest in a suitable replacement power plant or the payment of such liquidated damages ceases.
Additionally, certain of the project level financing agreements for power plants in our portfolio allow the lenders or investors to accelerate the repayment of the project level debt in the event that a PPA is terminated or if certain operating thresholds or performance measures are not achieved within specified time periods. We are therefore subject to the risk of lender or investor termination based on such criteria. In the event the project level debt for one or more of our power plants is accelerated under such provisions, it could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We cannot provide any assurance that financing agreements containing such provisions will not be terminated and repayments accelerated, or in the event of such termination or acceleration, that we will be able to enter into replacement financing arrangements on commercially reasonable terms or at all.
Certain of our PPAs do not include inflation-based price increases.
Certain of the PPAs that have been entered into for our power plants and our pending BioTherm acquisition do not contain inflation-based price increase provisions. Certain of the countries in which we have operations, or that we may expand into in the future, have in the past experienced high inflation. To the extent that the countries in which we conduct our business experience high rates of inflation, thereby increasing our operating costs in those countries, we may not be able to generate sufficient revenues to offset the effects of inflation, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Certain of our power plants depend on third-party service providers for O&M and/or asset management services, and we may not be able to control their work as effectively as if we performed these functions.
We contract with third-party service providers for O&M and/or asset management services for certain of our power plants, and we may contract with additional providers in the future to perform such services. Outsourcing these functions involves the risk that third parties may not perform to our standards, may not produce results in a timely manner or may fail to perform at all. Although we have not experienced any significant difficulties with our third-party service providers, it is possible that we could experience difficulties in the future. Certain of our power plants located in Brazil, India, South Africa and Uruguay utilize third-party service providers for O&M and/or asset management services. If these third-party service providers default on their contractual obligations to us it may: (i) cause us to default in our regulatory obligations; (ii) adversely impact the ongoing operation of our power plants; and/or (iii) temporarily reduce our capacity to generate power. Certain of our power plants may encounter difficulties in transitioning O&M and/or asset management services from the existing service provider to us or to a new third party provider, which may have a material adverse effect on the business results of our operations and performance.
Our power plants are exposed to curtailment risks, which may reduce the return to us on those investments and adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Certain of our power plants’ generation of electricity may be curtailed without compensation due to transmission limitations or limitations on the electricity grid’s ability to accommodate intermittent electricity generating sources, reducing our revenues and impairing our ability to capitalize fully on a particular assets potential.
For example, our Honiton wind power plants in China have experienced significant curtailment due to grid constraints, overcapacity, and falling consumer demand. Approximately 29% of potential power generation was curtailed in 2015, and approximately 40% of potential power generation was curtailed in 2016, compared to an original forecast of 21%. We expect the increased curtailment will be partially offset by enlisting eligible sites into a market trading program, which allows the power plants to sell a certain amount of power at a discounted rate. Additionally, our wind power plants in Brazil have a contracted capacity that is slightly lower than their installed capacity, as a result of which the power plants are curtailed during periods of high wind speeds in order not to surpass their contracted power. However, the loss of generation capacity due to such curtailment is generally low, and the excess of capacity generated by some turbines may be offset against the lost capacity from wind turbines that are out of service for maintenance or other reasons. There may also be extraordinary events affecting the transmission grid that may reduce the capacity of the grid, causing the curtailment of power generation. Solutions to ameliorate or eliminate curtailment with respect to our power plants may not be available or may not be effective or may be cost prohibitive to undertake and implement. Curtailment at levels above our expectations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and cash flows and our ability to pay dividends to holders of our Class A common stock.


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Our acquisition strategy exposes us to substantial risk.
The acquisition of renewable energy power plants is subject to substantial risk, including the failure to identify material problems during due diligence (for which we may not be indemnified post-closing), the risk of over-paying for assets (or not making acquisitions on an accretive basis), the ability to obtain or retain customers and, if the power plants are in new markets, the risks of entering markets where we have limited experience. While we perform due diligence on prospective acquisitions, we may not be able to discover all potential operational deficiencies in such power plants. As detailed in “The SunEdison Bankruptcy has resulted in project defaults that may entitle the related lenders to demand repayment, enforce their security interests or restrict project companies to make distributions to us, as well as compelled us to seek an alternative asset manager, which we may not succeed in finding” above, the SunEdison Bankruptcy and its constrained liquidity further exposes us to risk in projects where SunEdison was the EPC contractor or guarantor. For instance, we may learn of statutory liens asserted by subcontractors against power plants where SunEdison was the EPC contractor or guarantor, and our ability to recover against SunEdison in respect of payments made to such subcontractors to discharge those liens will likely be limited. In addition, our expectations for the operating performance of newly constructed power plants as well as those under construction are based on assumptions and estimates made without the benefit of operating history. However, the ability of these power plants to meet our performance expectations is subject to the risks inherent in newly constructed power plants and the construction of such facilities, including, but not limited to, degradation of equipment in excess of our expectations, system failures and outages. Future acquisitions may not perform as expected or the returns from such acquisitions may not support the financing utilized to acquire them or maintain them. Furthermore, integration and consolidation of acquisitions requires substantial human, financial and other resources and may divert management’s attention from our existing business concerns, disrupt our ongoing business or not be successfully integrated. As a result, the consummation of acquisitions may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We may not be able to effectively identify or consummate future acquisitions on favorable terms, or at all. Additionally, even if we consummate acquisitions on terms that we believe are favorable, such acquisitions may in fact result in a decrease in cash available for distribution to holders of our Class A common stock. In addition, we may engage in asset dispositions or other transactions that result in a decrease in our cash available for distribution.
Future acquisition opportunities for power plants are limited. SunEdison failed to complete construction and transfer to us the Uruguay Projects, the Bora Bora Poly wind power project and the 425 MW India Projects. As a result of these failures, which stem in part from the SunEdison Bankruptcy, as well as SunEdison’s failure to develop the Call Right Projects or any of the other projects in its development pipeline, we will not receive any additional power plants from SunEdison under the Project Investment Agreement, India PSA or Support Agreement. Going forward, we will compete with other companies for future acquisition opportunities from third parties. This may increase our cost of making acquisitions or cause us to refrain from making acquisitions at all. Some of our competitors are much larger than us with substantially greater resources. These companies may be able to pay more for acquisitions and may be able to identify, evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of assets than our resources permit.
If we are unable to identify and consummate future acquisitions, it will impede our ability to execute our growth strategy and limit our ability to pay dividends to holders of our Class A common stock. In addition, as we continue to manage our liquidity profile, we may engage in asset dispositions, or incur additional project level debt, which may result in a decrease in our cash available for distribution.
The substantial decline of our stock price has significantly increased the difficulty of identifying acquisitions that we believe will be accretive to cash available for distribution per unit. Even if we consummate acquisitions that we believe will be accretive to cash available for distribution per unit, those acquisitions may in fact result in a decrease in cash available for distribution per unit as a result of incorrect assumptions in our evaluation of such acquisitions, unforeseen consequences or other external events beyond our control. Furthermore, if we consummate any future acquisitions, our capitalization and results of operations may change significantly, and stockholders will generally not have the opportunity to evaluate the economic, financial and other relevant information that we will consider in determining the application of these funds and other resources. As a result of the negative impact on our business from these developments, we no longer expect to achieve the growth rate in our dividend per Class A common share that we had been targeting. If our stock price continues to trade at current levels, we may not be able to consummate transactions that are accretive to cash available for distribution per unit or increase our dividend per share of Class A common stock.
Laws, governmental regulations and policies supporting renewable energy, and specifically solar, wind (including tax incentives and feed-in tariffs), could change at any time, including as a result of new political leadership, and such changes may have a material adverse effect on our business and our growth strategy.


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Renewable energy power plants currently benefit from various national, provincial, state and local governmental incentives. Certain of the power plants in our portfolio rely on capital subsidies from government authorities in jurisdictions where such facilities are located. Governmental regulations and policies could be changed to provide for new rate programs that undermine the economic returns for both new and existing renewable energy power plants by charging additional, non-negotiable fixed or demand charges or other fees or reductions in the number of renewable energy power plants allowed under net metering policies. In addition, unanticipated events beyond our control, such as a change in law may require us to make improvements or other modifications to one or more of our facilities, which could have an adverse effect on our operating results. Our business could also be subject to new and burdensome interconnection processes, delays and upgrade costs or local permit and site restrictions.
In addition, we face risks related to potential changes in tax laws that may limit the benefits of solar, wind energy investment. For example, our solar power plants in Thailand currently benefit from a “tax holiday” granted by Thailand’s Board of Investment. This incentive includes an eight-year tax holiday, customs duty exemptions and a number of other non-tax incentives. There is a risk that the tax holiday may be revoked and that the rate of income tax may be increased from the current rate of 20%. In Brazil, certain tax benefits associated with inputs and equipment are available to construct renewable energy power plants. Most of these tax benefits have expiration dates that may or may not be extended. Without these tax benefits the cost of constructing renewable energy power plants would significantly increase. Government incentives provide significant support for renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind energy, and a decrease in these tax benefits could increase the costs of investment in solar and wind energy.
If any of the laws or governmental regulations or policies that support renewable energy, including solar and wind energy, change or are terminated, or if we are subject to new and burdensome laws or regulations, such changes may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, any changes to or termination of the regulations and governmental incentives discussed in detail under “Item 1. Business-Government incentives” above may also significantly affect our business.
Our ability to grow and make acquisitions with cash on hand may be limited by our cash dividend policy.
Although we believe it is prudent to defer any decision on paying dividends to our stockholders for the time being given the limitations on our ability to access the capital markets and the other risks that we face, in the future we intend to continue our dividend policy of causing Global LLC to distribute an appropriate portion of cash to its unit holder in order to permit TerraForm Global to pay dividends to its shareholders each quarter and to rely primarily upon external financing sources, including the issuance of debt and equity securities and, if applicable, borrowings under our Revolver, to fund our acquisitions and growth capital expenditures. We may be precluded from pursuing otherwise attractive acquisitions if the projected short-term cash flow from the acquisition or investment is not adequate to service the capital raised to fund the acquisition or investment. As such, our growth may not be as fast as that of businesses that reinvest their available cash to expand ongoing operations.
Our indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition and ability to operate our business, including restricting our ability to pay cash dividends or react to changes in the economy or our industry.
We have substantial debt outstanding, which could have important negative consequences on our financial condition, including:
increasing our vulnerability to general economic and industry conditions and to the consequences of the SunEdison Bankruptcy and to our delayed financial statements;
requiring a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on our indebtedness, thereby reducing our ability to pay dividends to holders of our Class A common stock or to use our cash flow to fund our operations, capital expenditures and future business opportunities;
limiting our ability to enter into or receive payments under long-term power sales which require credit support;
limiting our ability to fund operations or future acquisitions;
restricting our ability to make certain distributions with respect to our capital stock and the ability of our subsidiaries to make certain distributions to us, in light of restricted payment and other financial covenants in our credit facilities and other financing agreements;
exposing us to the risk of increased interest rates because certain of our borrowings, which may include borrowings under our Revolver, are at variable rates of interest; and
limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, including collateral postings, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes; and limiting our ability to adjust to changing market conditions and placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors who have less debt.


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Our Revolver and the Senior Notes contain financial and other restrictive covenants that limit our ability to return capital to stockholders or otherwise engage in activities that may be in our long-term best interests. Covenant defaults may occur in the future under the Company’s Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes in the event of further delays in the filing of our periodic reports with the SEC and potential violation of financial covenants. We have amended, or obtained waivers of, the relevant covenants in the Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes to avoid any such defaults as a result of the delays, including by extending the required filing date of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 through December 26, 2016 and, in the case of the indenture governing our Senior Notes, by extending the required filing dates of our Forms 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 and for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 through December 26, 2016 and early March 2017, respectively. There can be no assurance that we will be able to file our periodic reports (including our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 or Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2016 or any quarters thereafter) with the SEC within the periods currently required under our Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes. The Revolver also contains financial covenants that the Company is required to meet on a quarterly basis, and management projections indicate that the Company could violate the Revolver’s debt service coverage covenant during 2017 which, if the Revolver is not amended or terminated, could cause a default under the Revolver and, depending on the outstanding amount under the Revolver at the time of such default, a cross-default on the Senior Notes.
There can be no assurance that our lenders will agree to further extensions of financial statement filing dates or amendments to relevant covenants on acceptable terms or at all. As of December 20, 2016, the Revolver is undrawn, and in the event we are not able to cure or secure a waiver for a default under the Revolver, the Company’s available liquidity is sufficient to allow for the Revolver to be terminated, which would also avoid a cross-default on the Senior Notes. However, a default on the Senior Notes would permit the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding to accelerate the Senior Notes. The Company would likely not have sufficient liquidity to meet this obligation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay dividends. A default under the indenture governing our Senior Notes would also result in a cross-default under the Revolver that would permit the lenders holding more than 50% of the aggregate exposure under the Revolver to accelerate any outstanding principal amount of loans, terminate any outstanding letter of credit and terminate the outstanding commitments under our Revolver.
Our existing agreements governing our non-recourse financing contain financial and other restrictive covenants that limit our project companies’ ability to make distributions to us or otherwise engage in activities that may be in our long-term best interests. We expect any future project financings that we incur or assume will contain similar provisions. The non-recourse financing agreements generally prohibit distributions from the project entities to us unless certain specific conditions are met, including the satisfaction of certain financial ratios and the absence of defaults or events of default. Our inability to satisfy certain financial covenants or cure defaults or events of default may prevent cash distributions by the particular project(s) to us, including defaults related to the SunEdison Bankruptcy or to delayed project level audits. The risks with respect to the SunEdison Bankruptcy on our project financings is further detailed in “The SunEdison Bankruptcy has resulted in project defaults that may entitle the related lenders to demand repayment, enforce their security interests or restrict project companies to make distributions to us, as well as compelled us to seek an alternative asset manager, which we may not succeed in finding” above.
Our failure to obtain such waivers or forbearance agreements with respect to defaults or to comply with those and other covenants has resulted in (or could result in future) events of default which, if not cured or waived, may entitle the related lenders to demand repayment or enforce their security interests, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. If we are unable to make distributions from our project companies, it would likely have a material adverse effect on our ability to pay dividends to holders of our Class A common stock.
If our subsidiaries default on their obligations under their non-recourse indebtedness or voluntarily or involuntarily commence bankruptcy proceedings, and we may be required to make payments to lenders to avoid such default or to prevent foreclosure on the collateral securing the non-recourse debt. If we are unable to or decide not to make such payments, we would lose certain of our power plants upon foreclosure.


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Our subsidiaries incur, and we expect will in the future incur, various types of non-recourse indebtedness. Non-recourse debt is repayable solely from the applicable power plant’s revenues and is secured by the power plant’s physical assets, major contracts, cash accounts and, in many cases, our ownership interest in the project company. Limited recourse debt is debt where we have provided a limited guarantee, and recourse debt is debt where we have provided a full guarantee, which means if our subsidiaries default on these obligations, we will be liable directly to those lenders, although in the case of limited recourse debt only to the extent of our limited recourse obligations. Currently, all of our project level indebtedness is non-recourse, however we may decide to make payments to prevent the lenders to these subsidiaries from foreclosing on the relevant collateral. Such a foreclosure could result in us losing our ownership interest in the subsidiary or in some or all of its assets, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. To prevent a foreclosure, we may be required to use amounts distributed by our other subsidiaries as well as other sources of available cash, reducing our cash available to execute our business plan and pay dividends to holders of our Class A common stock.
If we are unable to renew letter of credit facilities our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows may be adversely affected.
Our Revolver includes a letter of credit facility to support project level contractual obligations. This letter of credit facility will expire on August 5, 2019. If we are unable to renew our letters of credit as expected or if we are only able to replace them with letters of credit under different facilities on less favorable terms, we may experience a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Furthermore, the inability to provide letters of credit may constitute a default under certain non-recourse financing arrangements, restrict the ability of certain project companies to make distributions to us and/or reduce the amount of cash available at such project companies to make distributions to us.
Our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations may be limited.
Our primary business strategy is to own, operate and acquire operational renewable energy assets. We do not always expect to have sufficient amounts of cash on hand to fund all such future acquisition costs. As a result, we will need to arrange additional financing to fund a portion of such acquisitions, potential contingent liabilities and other aspects of our operations. Our ability to arrange additional financing, either at the corporate level or at a project company level, is, and may continue to be, limited. For example, our Revolver currently provides for committed borrowings of $350.0 million; however, the Company has agreed not to borrow or issue any additional letters of credit under the Revolver until March 8, 2017 or, if sooner, such time as SunEdison and its subsidiaries (other than the Company, TerraForm Power, Inc. and their respective subsidiaries) have disposed of all or substantially all of their equity interests in the Company and an offer has been made to repurchase the Senior Notes at a purchase price in cash at least equal to 101% of the applicable principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, to the repurchase date (or a binding agreement to make such an offer has been entered into).
In the event that we choose to pursue additional financing, our ability to raise such additional financing, as well as the costs of such financing, will be dependent on numerous factors, including:
general economic and capital market conditions;
credit availability from banks and other financial institutions;
investor confidence in us, our partners, SunEdison, as our principal stockholder (on a combined voting basis) and manager under the MSA and frequently as asset and O&M manager for our projects in the countries in which our power plants are located;
the impact of the SunEdison Bankruptcy;
our financial performance and the financial performance of our subsidiaries;
our level of indebtedness and compliance with covenants in debt agreements;
when we file our Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30, and September 30, 2016 and obtain project level financial statements;
maintenance of acceptable credit ratings or credit quality, including maintenance of the legal and tax structure of the project company upon which the credit ratings may depend;
our cash flows; and
provisions of tax and securities laws that may impact raising capital.
We may not be successful in obtaining additional financing for these or other reasons. Furthermore, we may be unable to refinance or replace non-recourse financing arrangements or other credit facilities on favorable terms or at all upon the expiration or termination thereof. Our failure, or the failure of any of our power plants, to obtain additional capital or enter into new or replacement financing arrangements when due may constitute a default under such existing indebtedness and may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.


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Credit ratings downgrades have resulted in a negative perception of our creditworthiness, and will adversely affect our ability to raise additional financing.
Credit ratings agencies have issued corporate and issuer credit ratings with respect to us and our Senior Notes. These ratings are used by investors (including debt investors) and other third parties in evaluating our credit risk. Credit ratings are continually revised. Our credit ratings have declined as a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy and other risks that we face. This decline in our credit ratings will have a negative effect on our ability to raise additional equity or indebtedness in the capital markets or could adversely affect the trading prices of our Class A common stock or Senior Notes. These declines could also negatively impact the perception of our counterparties and other stakeholders regarding our ability to meet our obligations. These perceptions and concerns may also cause our existing or potential new counterparties to be less likely to enter into new agreements or to demand more expensive or onerous terms, credit support, security or conditions. Further declines in our credit ratings may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our ability to generate revenue from certain solar and wind power plants depends on having interconnection arrangements and services.
If the interconnection or transmission agreement of a clean power generation asset we own or acquire is terminated for any reason, we may not be able to replace it with an interconnection or transmission arrangement on terms as favorable as the existing arrangement, or at all, or we may experience significant delays or costs in to securing a replacement. If a transmission network to which one or more of our existing power plants or a power plant we acquire is connected experiences “down time,” the affected clean power generation asset may lose revenue and be exposed to non-performance penalties and claims from its customers. The owners of the network will not usually compensate electricity generators for lost income due to down time. These factors could materially affect our ability to forecast operations and negatively affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
We cannot predict whether transmission facilities will be expanded in specific markets to accommodate competitive access to those markets. In addition, certain of our operating facilities’ generation of electricity may be physically or economically curtailed without compensation due to transmission limitations, reducing our revenues and impairing our ability to capitalize fully on a particular facility’s generating potential. Such curtailments could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Furthermore, economic congestion on the transmission grid (for instance, a positive price difference between the location where power is put on the grid by a clean power generation asset and the location where power is taken off the grid by the facility’s customer) in certain of the power markets in which we operate may occur and we may be deemed responsible for those congestion costs. If we were liable for such congestion costs, our financial results could be adversely affected.
We face competition from traditional and renewable energy companies.
The solar and wind energy industries, and the broader clean energy industry, are highly competitive and continually evolving, as market participants strive to distinguish themselves within their markets and compete with large incumbent utilities and new market entrants. We believe that our primary competitors are the traditional incumbent utilities that supply energy to our potential customers under highly regulated rate and tariff structures. We compete with these traditional utilities primarily based on price, predictability of price and the ease with which customers can switch to electricity generated by our solar and wind power plants. If we cannot offer compelling value to our customers based on these factors, then our business will not grow. Traditional utilities generally have substantially greater financial, technical, operational and other resources than we do, and as a result may be able to devote more resources to the research, development, promotion and sale of their products or respond more quickly to evolving industry standards and changes in market conditions than we can. Traditional utilities could also offer other value-added products or services that could help them to compete with us even if the cost of electricity they offer is higher than ours. In addition, the source of a majority of traditional utilities’ electricity is non-renewable, which may allow them to sell electricity more cheaply than electricity generated by our solar power plants, wind power plants, and other types of clean power generation assets we may acquire.
We also face competition in the energy efficiency evaluation and upgrades market and we expect to face competition in additional markets as we introduce new energy-related products and services. As the solar and wind industries grow and evolve, we will also face new competitors who are not currently in the market. Our failure to adapt to changing market conditions and to compete successfully with existing or new competitors will limit our growth and may have a material adverse effect on our business and prospects.


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There are a limited number of purchasers of utility-scale quantities of electricity, which exposes us and our power plants to additional risk.
Since the transmission and distribution of electricity is either monopolized or highly concentrated in most jurisdictions, there are a limited number of possible purchasers for utility-scale quantities of electricity in a given geographic location, including transmission grid operators, state and investor-owned power companies, public utility districts and cooperatives. As a result, there is a concentrated pool of potential buyers for electricity generated by our power plants, which may restrict our ability to negotiate favorable terms under new PPAs and could impact our ability to find new customers for the electricity generated by our power plants should this become necessary. Additionally, the PPAs in China, India and Thailand are in the standard form prescribed by the utilities, and accordingly we have limited or no ability to negotiate the terms of such PPAs. Furthermore, if the financial condition of these utilities and/or power purchasers deteriorated, climate change programs or other regulations to which they are currently subject and that compel them to source renewable energy supplies change, demand for electricity produced by our utility-scale facilities could be negatively impacted.
In addition, provisions in our power sale arrangements may provide for the curtailment of delivery of electricity for various operational reasons at no cost to the power purchaser, including preventing damage to transmission systems and for system emergencies, force majeure, safety, reliability, maintenance and other operational reasons. Such curtailment would reduce revenues earned by us at no cost to the purchaser including, in addition to certain of the general types noted above, events in which energy purchases would result in costs greater than those which the purchaser would incur if it did not make such purchases but instead generated an equivalent amount of energy (provided that such curtailment is due to operational reasons and does not occur solely as a consequence of purchaser’s filed avoided energy cost being lower than the agreement rates or purchasing less expensive energy from another facility). If we cannot enter into power sale arrangements on terms favorable to us, or at all, or if the purchaser under our power sale arrangements were to exercise its curtailment or other rights to reduce purchases or payments under such arrangements, our revenues and our decisions regarding development of additional power plants may be adversely affected. The risks discussed above under “The SunEdison Bankruptcy may adversely affect our relationships with current or potential counterparties” may be increased by our dependence on a limited number of purchasers.
A significant deterioration in the financial performance of our commercial, industrial or government offtake counterparties could have a material adverse effect on our business.
The financial performance of our power plants depends in part upon the continued viability and financial stability of offtake counterparties in the utility, commercial, industrial and governmental sectors. If our utility, commercial, industrial or governmental offtake counterparties are materially and adversely affected by an economic downturn, increase in inflation or other factors, one or more of our largest customers could encounter financial difficulty, and possibly, bankruptcy. If one or more of our largest customers were to encounter financial difficulty or declare bankruptcy, they may reduce their PPA payments to us or stop them altogether.
We are exposed to foreign currency exchange risks because our power plants are located in foreign countries.
We generate substantially all of our revenues and incur a significant portion of our expenses in currencies other than U.S. dollars. Changes in economic or political conditions in any of the countries in which we operate could result in exchange rate movement, new currency or exchange controls or other restrictions being imposed on our operations or expropriation. Because our financial results are reported in U.S. dollars and we generate revenue and earnings in other currencies, the translation of those results into U.S. dollars can result in a significant increase or decrease in the amount of those revenues or earnings. To the extent that we are unable to match revenues received in foreign currencies with costs paid in the same currency, exchange rate fluctuations in any such currency could have an adverse effect on our profitability. Our debt service requirements are primarily in U.S. dollars even though substantially all of our cash flow is generated in foreign currencies, and therefore significant changes in the value of such foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar could have a negative effect on our financial condition and our ability to meet interest and principal payments on debts denominated in U.S. dollars. In addition to currency translation risks, we incur currency transaction risks whenever we or one of our facilities enters into a purchase or sales transaction using a currency other than the local currency of the transacting entity.
Given the volatility of exchange rates, we cannot provide assurance that we will be able to effectively manage our currency transaction and/or translation risks. It is possible that volatility in currency exchange rates will have a negative effect on our financial condition or results of operations. We expect to experience economic losses and gains and negative and positive impacts on earnings as a result of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, particularly as a result of changes in the value of the Canadian dollar, the British pound and other currencies.
Additionally, although substantially all of our revenues and a significant portion of our expenses are denominated in foreign currency, any dividends will be paid to holders of our Class A common stock in U.S. dollars. The amount of U.S. dollar denominated dividends paid to our holders of our Class A common stock will therefore be exposed to currency exchange rate


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risk. Although we have entered into hedging arrangements to help mitigate some of this exchange rate risk, these arrangements may not be sufficient, and we may not be able to enter into hedging arrangements in the future on favorable terms. Changes in the foreign exchange rates could have a negative effect on our results of operations and may adversely affect the amount of cash dividends paid by us to holders of our Class A common stock.
While we currently own only solar and wind power plants (and associated interconnecting transmission facilities), in the future we may decide to further expand our acquisition strategy to include other types of energy or transmission projects. To the extent that we expand our operations to include new business segments, our business operations may suffer from a lack of experience, which may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We have limited experience in energy generation operations. As a result of this lack of experience,    we may be prone to errors if we expand our power plants beyond solar and wind energy. With no direct training or experience in these areas, our management may not be fully aware of the many specific requirements related to working in industries beyond solar and wind energy generation. Additionally, we may be exposed to increased operating costs, unforeseen liabilities or risks, and regulatory and environmental concerns associated with entering new sectors of the renewable energy industry, which could have an adverse impact on our business as well as place us at a competitive disadvantage relative to more established non-solar and non-wind energy market participants. Our operations, earnings and ultimate financial success could suffer irreparable harm due to our management’s lack of experience in these industries.
Operation of power plants involves significant risks and hazards that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We may not have adequate insurance to cover these risks and hazards.
The ongoing operation of our facilities involves risks that include the breakdown or failure of equipment or processes or performance below expected levels of output or efficiency due to wear and tear, latent defect, design error or operator error or force majeure events, among other things. Operation of our facilities also involves risks that we will be unable to transport our product to our customers in an efficient manner due to a lack of transmission capacity. Unplanned outages of generating units, including extensions of scheduled outages, occur from time to time and are an inherent risk of our business. Unplanned outages typically increase our O&M expenses and may reduce our revenues as a result of generating and selling less power or require us to incur significant costs as a result of obtaining replacement power from third parties in the open market to satisfy our forward power sales obligations.
Our inability to efficiently operate our power plants, manage capital expenditures and costs and generate earnings and cash flow from our asset-based businesses could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. While we maintain insurance, obtain warranties from vendors and obligate contractors to meet certain performance levels, the proceeds of such insurance, warranties or performance guarantees may not cover our lost revenues, increased expenses or liquidated damages payments should we experience equipment breakdown or non-performance by contractors or vendors.
Power generation involves hazardous activities, including delivering electricity to transmission and distribution systems. In addition to natural risks such as earthquake, flood, lightning, hurricane, and wind, other hazards, such as fire, structural collapse and machinery failure are inherent risks in our operations. These and other hazards can cause significant personal injury or loss of life, severe damage to and destruction of property, plant and equipment and contamination of, or damage to, the environment and suspension of operations. The occurrence of any one of these events may result in our being named as a defendant in lawsuits asserting claims for substantial damages, including for environmental cleanup costs, personal injury and property damage and fines and/or penalties. Brazil, for example, has established joint and strict liability for environmental and other damages related to the operation of electric power plants, while controlling case law often also establishes economic group liability. Any damages related to these occurrences could negatively impact our reputation. We maintain an amount of insurance protection that we consider adequate but we cannot provide any assurance that our insurance will be sufficient or effective under all circumstances and against all hazards or liabilities to which we may be subject. Furthermore, our insurance coverage is subject to deductibles, caps, exclusions and other limitations. A loss for which we are not fully insured could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Further, due to rising insurance costs and changes in the insurance markets, we cannot provide any assurance that our insurance coverage will continue to be available at all or at rates or on terms similar to those presently available. Any losses not covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our business is subject to substantial governmental regulation and may be adversely affected by changes in laws or regulations, as well as liability under, or any future inability to comply with, existing or future regulations or other legal requirements.


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Our business is subject to extensive national, provincial, state and local laws and regulations in the countries in which we operate. Compliance with the requirements under these various regulatory regimes may cause us to incur significant costs, and failure to comply with such requirements could result in the shutdown of the non-complying facility or, the imposition of liens, fines and/or civil or criminal liability.
Substantially all of our assets are also subject to the rules and regulations applicable to power generators generally. If we fail to comply with these mandatory reliability standards, we could be subject to sanctions, including substantial monetary penalties, increased compliance obligations and disconnection from the grid.
Laws, governmental regulations and policies supporting renewable energy, and specifically solar and wind energy, could change at any time, including as a result of new political leadership, and such changes may have a material adverse effect on our business and our growth strategy.
Renewable energy generation assets currently benefit from, or are affected by, various national, state and local governmental incentives and regulatory policies. If any of the laws or governmental regulations or policies that support renewable energy change, or if we are subject to new and burdensome laws or regulations, such changes may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We have a limited operating history and as a result we may not operate on a profitable basis.
We have a relatively new portfolio of assets, including several power plants that have only recently commenced operations or that we expect will commence operations in the near future, and a limited operating history on which to base an evaluation of our business and prospects. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by companies in their early stages of operation, particularly in a rapidly evolving industry such as ours. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in addressing the risks we may encounter, and our failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Maintenance, expansion and refurbishment of power plants involve significant risks that could result in unplanned power outages or reduced output.
Our facilities may require periodic upgrading and improvement. Any unexpected operational or mechanical failure, including failure associated with breakdowns and forced outages, and any decreased operational or management performance, could reduce our power plants’ generating capacity below expected levels, reducing our revenues and jeopardizing our ability to pay dividends to holders of our Class A common stock at forecasted levels or at all. Incomplete performance by SunEdison or other providers under O&M agreements may increase the risks of operational or mechanical failure of our facilities. Degradation of the performance of our power plants below levels provided for in the related PPAs may also reduce our revenues. Unanticipated capital expenditures associated with maintaining, upgrading or repairing our power plants may also reduce profitability.
We may also choose to refurbish or upgrade our power plants based on our assessment that such activity will provide adequate financial returns and key assumptions underpinning a decision to make such an investment may prove incorrect, including assumptions regarding construction costs, timing, available financing and future power prices. This could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Moreover, spare parts for wind turbines and solar facilities and key pieces of equipment may be difficult to acquire or be unavailable to us. Sources of some significant spare parts and other equipment are located outside the jurisdictions in which we operate. In addition, with respect to wind power plants, from time to time we may use less well-known turbine suppliers, or may purchase wind turbines and spare parts with less established track records. If we were to experience a shortage of or inability to acquire critical spare parts we could incur significant delays in returning facilities to full operation, which could negatively impact our business financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Developers of power plants depend on a limited number of suppliers of solar panels, inverters, module turbines, towers and other system components and turbines and other equipment associated with wind power plants. Any shortage, delay or component price change from these suppliers could result in construction or installation delays, which could affect the number of power plants we are able to acquire in the future.
There have been periods of industry-wide shortage of key components, including solar panels and wind turbines, in times of rapid industry growth. The manufacturing infrastructure for some of these components has a long lead time, requires significant capital investment and relies on the continued availability of key commodity materials, potentially resulting in an inability to meet demand for these components.


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India recently considered an anti-dumping duty on solar cells and panels imported from China, Malaysia, Taiwan and the United States. While this has not been implemented, anti-dumping duties or other tariffs on solar cells or other components involved in the development of solar power plants could, in the future, be imposed in India or other jurisdictions where we operate. The imposition of such tariffs or duties could hinder or reduce future development of solar power plants in the affected markets and limit the number of solar power plants we are able to acquire in such markets.
A shortage of key commodity materials could also lead to a reduction in the number of power plants that we may have the opportunity to acquire in the future, or delay or increase the costs of acquisitions.
The risks discussed above under “The SunEdison Bankruptcy may adversely affect our relationships with current or potential counterparties” may be increased by our dependence on a limited number of suppliers.
We may incur unexpected expenses if the suppliers of components in our power plants default in their warranty obligations.
The solar panels, inverters, modules and other system components utilized in our solar power plants are generally covered by manufacturers’ warranties, which typically range from 5 to 20 years. When purchasing wind turbines, the purchaser will enter into warranty agreements with the manufacturer which typically expire within two to five years after the turbine delivery date. In the event any such components fail to operate as required, we may be able to make a claim against the applicable warranty to cover all or a portion of the expense associated with the faulty component. However, these suppliers could cease operations and no longer honor the warranties, which would leave us to cover the expense associated with the faulty component. If we cannot make claims under warranties covering our power plants, there could be a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We are subject to environmental, health and safety laws and regulations and related compliance expenditures and liabilities.
Our assets are subject to numerous and significant national, provincial, state, and local laws, and other requirements governing or relating to the environment. Our facilities could experience incidents, malfunctions and other unplanned events, such as spills of hazardous materials that may result in personal injury, penalties and property damage. In addition, certain environmental laws may result in liability, regardless of fault, concerning contamination at a range of properties, including properties currently or formerly owned, leased or operated by us and properties where we disposed of, or arranged for disposal of, waste and other hazardous materials. As such, the operation of our facilities carries an inherent risk of environmental liabilities, and may result in our involvement from time to time in administrative and judicial proceedings relating to such matters. While we have implemented environmental management programs designed to continually improve environmental, health and safety performance, we cannot assure you that such liabilities including significant required capital expenditures, as well as the costs for complying with environmental laws and regulations, will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Harming of protected species can result in curtailment of wind power plant operations.
The operation of wind power plants can adversely affect endangered, threatened or otherwise protected animal species. Wind power plants, in particular, involve a risk that protected species will be harmed, as the turbine blades travel at a high rate of speed and may strike flying animals (such as birds or bats) that happen to travel into the path of spinning blades.
Our wind power plants are known to strike and kill flying animals, and occasionally strike and kill endangered or protected species. As a result, we will observe all industry guidelines and governmentally recommended best practices to avoid harm to protected species, such as avoiding structures with perches, avoiding guy wires that may kill birds or bats in flight, or avoiding lighting that may attract protected species at night. In addition, we will attempt to reduce the attractiveness of a site to predatory birds by site maintenance (e.g., mowing, removal of animal and bird carcasses, etc.). Where possible, we will obtain permits for incidental take of protected species.
Taking of protected species, even if unanticipated or if the species was not known to be present in the area prior to development of the plant, can result in enforcement actions and requirements to implement mitigation strategies, which may include habitat preservation efforts or curtailment of operations.


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Risks that are beyond our control, including but not limited to acts of terrorism or related acts of war, natural disasters, hostile cyber intrusions, outbreak of infectious diseases, theft or other catastrophic events, could have a negative effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our power plants, or those that we otherwise acquire in the future, may be targets of terrorist activities that could cause environmental repercussions and/or result in full or partial disruption of the facilities’ ability to generate electricity. Hostile cyber intrusions, including those targeting information systems as well as electronic control systems used at the facilities and for the related distribution systems, could severely disrupt business operations and result in loss of service to customers, as well as create significant expense to repair security breaches or system damage. Additionally, jurisdictions in which we operate have experienced political instability. Such events may negatively impact favorable regulatory frameworks and governmental incentives that currently support our power plants. If additional events such as these occur in the future, our results of operations may be negatively impacted.
Furthermore, certain of our power plants are located in active earthquake zones. The occurrence of a natural disaster, such as an earthquake, hurricane, lightning, flood or localized extended outages of critical utilities or transportation systems, or any critical resource shortages, affecting us could cause a significant interruption in our business, damage or destroy our facilities or those of our suppliers or the manufacturing equipment or inventory of our suppliers.
Additionally, certain of our power plants and equipment are at risk for theft and damage. For example, we are at risk for copper wire theft, especially at our solar power plants, due to an increased demand for copper. Theft of copper wire or solar panels can cause significant disruption to our operations for a period of months and can lead to operating losses at those locations. Damage to wind turbine equipment may also occur, either through natural events such as lightning strikes that damage blades or in-ground electrical systems used to collect electricity from turbines, or through vandalism, such as gunshots into towers or other generating equipment. Such damage can cause disruption of operations for unspecified periods which may lead to operating losses at those locations.
Any such acts, environmental repercussions or disruptions, outbreaks of infectious diseases resulting in quarantine or travel restrictions, natural disasters or theft incidents could result in a significant decrease in revenues or significant reconstruction, remediation or replacement costs, beyond what could be recovered through insurance policies, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Risks Related to our International Operations
We operate in emerging markets and may expand our operations into countries where we currently have no presence, which subjects us to economic, social and political risks and uncertainties.
Our portfolio consists of power plants located in Brazil, China, India, Malaysia, South Africa, Thailand, and Uruguay and we have a pending acquisition in South Africa. We may expand and diversify our existing portfolio by acquiring additional utility-scale and distributed clean generation assets located in other emerging markets in Asia (except Japan), Africa and Latin America. Our operations in emerging markets involve a number of risks that are more prevalent than in developed markets. As a result, our activities are and will be subject to significant political and economic uncertainties that may adversely affect our operating financial performance. These uncertainties include, but are not limited to:
the risk of a change in renewable power pricing policies, possibly with retroactive effect;
political, social and economic instability, including wars, acts of terrorism, political unrest, boycotts, sanctions and other business restrictions;
measures restricting the ability of our facilities to access the grid to deliver electricity at certain times or at all;
the macroeconomic climate, including high rates of inflation, and levels of energy consumption in the countries where we have operations;
the comparative cost of other sources of energy;
changes in taxation policies and/or the regulatory environment in the countries in which we have operations, including reductions to renewable power incentive programs;
the imposition of currency controls and restrictions on repatriation of earnings and cash;
foreign exchange rate fluctuations;
high rates of inflation;
protectionist and other adverse public policies, including local content requirements, import/export tariffs, increased regulations or capital investment requirements;
changes to land use regulations and permitting requirements;
longer sales and payment cycles and great difficulty collecting accounts receivable;
inability to obtain adequate financing on attractive terms and conditions;


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risk of nationalization or other expropriation of private enterprises and land, including creeping regulation that reduces the value of our facilities or governmental incentives associated with renewable energy;
difficulty in timely identifying, attracting and retaining qualified technical and other personnel;
difficulty competing against competitors who may have greater financial resources and/or a more effective or established localized business presence;
international business practices that may conflict with other customs or legal requirements to which we are subject, including anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws;
downgrading of the sovereign debt ratings of the countries in which we operate by an international rating agency;
difficulties with, and extra-normal costs of, recruiting and retaining local individuals skilled in international business operations;
difficulty in developing any necessary partnerships with local businesses on commercially acceptable terms; and
being subject to the jurisdiction of courts other than those of the United States, including uncertainty of judicial processes and difficulty enforcing contractual agreements or judgments in foreign legal systems or incurring additional costs to do so.
For example, Thailand was assessed as a high political risk by AON Political Risk, a risk management, insurance and consulting firm. In May 2014, Thailand experienced a coup d’état, following which martial law was enforced for nearly a year. A succession crisis could cause increased instability and unrest, and the government could repeal certain incentives each power plant receives under Board of Investment promotion.
In Brazil, the economy has historically been characterized by unstable economic cycles, and the Brazilian government has exercised and continues to exercise substantial influence over many aspects of the economy. The Brazilian government has often changed monetary, taxation, credit, tariff and other policies to attempt to influence the course of the national economy. For example, the Brazilian government’s actions to control inflation and other policies and regulations have often involved, among other measures, high interest rates, wage and price controls, currency devaluations, capital controls and limits on imports. Brazil’s economic growth rate has declined in recent years and Brazil experienced a recession in 2015 together with increased inflation, and the recession has continued in 2016. The weakening economic and political climate in Brazil has adversely affected consumer confidence and spending and the overall economic conditions in the country. Furthermore, there is currently an ongoing, high profile political corruption scandal in Brazil which has resulted in criminal charges being filed against various prominent business and political figures in Brazil. In addition, impeachment proceedings have been instituted against the president of Brazil on the grounds that the government has violated fiscal laws by using funds from state banks to cover budged shortfalls. On May 12, 2016, the president of Brazil was suspended for up to 180 days after the Brazilian Senate voted to begin an impeachment trial against her. The vice-president of Brazil took office on the same day with a new staff and is being pressured by public opinion to carry out structural reforms. On September 1, 2016, Brazilian Senate voted to permanently remove the president from office. The timing of any economic improvement in Brazil is uncertain and there can be no assurance that the economic or political conditions will not deteriorate further in the near term.
    These uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Additionally, doing business in new international markets will require us to be able to respond to rapid changes in the particular market, legal, social and political conditions in these countries. We may not be able to timely develop and implement policies and strategies that will be effective in each international jurisdiction where we may decide to conduct business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Land title in India can be uncertain and there is no assurance of clean title.
There is no central title registry for real property in India. Property records in India are generally maintained at the state and district level and are updated manually through physical records of all land-related documents and may not be available online for inspection or updated in a timely manner. This could result in property records investigations taking a significant amount of time or being inaccurate in certain respects, which may impact the ability to rely on them. Land records are often handwritten, in local languages and not legible, which makes it difficult to determine the content. In addition, land records are often in poor condition and are at times untraceable, which materially impedes the title investigation process. Further, improperly executed, unregistered or insufficiently stamped conveyance instruments in a property’s chain of title, unregistered encumbrances in favor of third parties, rights of adverse possessors, ownership claims of family members of prior owners or third parties, or other defects that a purchaser may not be aware of, can affect the title to a property. As a result, potential disputes or claims regarding title to the land on which power plants are developed or used for operations, or will be constructed in the future, may arise.
Risks associated with any changes in the current sector regulatory framework and to the conditions applicable to the authorization to explore and wind energy generation projects.


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The Brazilian federal government has been implementing policies that have a comprehensive impact on the Brazilian energy sector and, in particular, the electricity sector. As part of the restructuring of the industry, Law No. 10,848/2004, known as the New Industry Model Law, introduced a new regulatory framework for the Brazilian electricity industry. This regulatory structure has undergone several changes over the past years, and may be subject to further changes depending on the increase or decrease of energy prices and the political situation in Brazil.
Authorizations for the exploration of wind power stations by our project companies are granted by the federal government. However, such authorizations are temporary and may be revoked at any time by the competent authority on the grounds of public interest and upon prior law providing authorization; and the corresponding compensation may be lower than the investments made.
Non-compliance with any regulatory provision in connection with the exploration of the wind power stations may subject the relevant project companies and/or subsidiaries to penalties by ANEEL, which may range from a warning to a penalty corresponding to a percentage of annual revenues or even revocation of the authorization granted by such agency.
Certain of our PPAs contain joint and several liability between holding companies and operational companies.
In Brazil, certain of our PPAs in the government regulated market have offtake counterparties that are special purpose entities under the control of the legal entities that participate in the government auctions. If such a special purpose entity fails to deliver the commitments under the government auction rules, the controlling entity that participated in the auction is jointly and severally liable for all obligations and liabilities arising from the government auction and the applicable PPA. Therefore, liability is not isolated to a specific power plant simply by operating the power plants under a separate legal entity. Significant potential liabilities could arise from: (i) the delay in any of the milestones for the implementation of the power plants; (ii) subject to certain related obligations, the delay in recovering the value or delivery of the performance bond; and (iii) the failure to satisfy all the qualification requirements under the applicable government auction rules and the applicable PPA. The failure to comply with government auction milestones may also trigger enforcement of bonds (participation and performance), payment of fines and suspension from participating in any public auction for up to two years. There is no limit on the amount and kind of losses and damages covered under the government auction rules and the applicable PPA. Therefore, damages could potentially include the loss of profits and consequential damages.
Changing laws, rules and regulations and legal uncertainties in India may adversely affect our business and operations.
The business and operations of our power plants located in India are governed by various laws and regulations, such as the Electricity Act, 2003, National Electricity Policy, 2005 and National Tariff Policy, 2006, corporate, environmental and labor laws and other legislation enacted by the Indian government and the relevant state governments in India. The business and financial performance of our Indian operations could be adversely affected by any change in laws or interpretations of existing, or the promulgation of new laws, rules and regulations applicable to our Indian operations. For example, the Indian government recently adopted a new company law framework, which, among other things, imposed significant and new corporate governance requirements, accounting policies and audit matters and certain spending requirements for corporate social responsibility activities in the event a company’s net worth or turnover meets the prescribed thresholds. The Indian government also recently adopted new legislation to facilitate the acquisition of land in India, which may affect our Indian subsidiaries, including provisions stipulating restrictions on acquisition of certain types of agricultural land and compensation, rehabilitation and resettlement of affected people residing on such acquired land. There can be no assurance that the Indian government or any state government in India will not implement new regulations and policies which will require our Indian subsidiaries to obtain additional approvals and licenses or impose onerous requirements and conditions on their operations. Any such changes and the related uncertainties with respect to the implementation of regulations may have a material adverse effect on our Indian power plants and our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Credit markets risks in the Indian renewable energy project financing sector
A significant portion of finance to achieve India’s renewable energy target will need to be from foreign investors and in that context a key concern is the requirement for a currency hedge to protect against the risk of devaluation. Currently market based currency hedging in India is very expensive.
Another key issue that affects credit markets is the Indian state off-taker risk. The distribution companies (Discoms) in the past have delayed payments to project developers which has severely affected the viability of renewable energy projects and more recently solar power projects. Consequently a considerable number of projects have come under huge financial strain, with developers failing to meet their debt service obligations. Despite securing favourable orders from electricity regulatory commissions on tariff payments, Discoms have continued to delay these tariff payments.
Further, payment security mechanisms under PPAs are either absent or not implemented, even if included in the PPA. That said, the Government has been exploring innovative credit enhancement tools like Partial Credit Guarantee (PCG)


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mechanism to improve the project’s credit rating and Payment Security Mechanism to address off-taker risk and Dollar Tariff Regime to de -risk renewable energy projects.
Grid Curtailment Risk
With growing penetration of renewable energy in the main grid, risk of power evacuation is a critical concern for the industry in India. Unavailability of grid infrastructure, or in some cases the inability of existing assets to absorb the additional capacity leads to delays in commissioning or partial commissioning of projects. Even with the introduction of “plug and play” solar parks, the evacuation risk continues to be placed on the developer. Although the Government of India has started massive grid infrastructure upgradation drive to integrate and smoothen the renewable energy in the system, it is believed that the future risk of curtailment of power due to grid congestion especially in high renewable penetration areas, can upset project cash flows and return expectations for the renewable energy projects.
We do not own, and may not own, a controlling equity interest in some of the power plants in our portfolio and power plants that we acquire. As a result, our ability to control management decisions and other significant matters at these power plants may be limited and our interests in such power plants may be subject to transfer or other related restrictions.
We do not own a controlling equity interest in our power plants located in Malaysia and in one power plant located in India, and we do not own 100% of the equity interests in our power plants in South Africa and Thailand and certain power plants located in India, and we may not own a controlling equity interest in power plants in these and other countries, due to PPA restrictions or local law ownership requirements. In the future, we may acquire additional power plants in which we do not own a controlling equity interest. In such cases, we will seek to exert a degree of influence with respect to the management and operation of the power plants by negotiating to obtain positions on management committees or other governance rights. However, we may not always succeed in such negotiations.
A third party owns a majority of the equity interests in our Malaysia power plants. Provisions of the charter documents of Fortune 11 provide us with the right to appoint all of the board of directors; however, with respect to Corporate Season and Silverstar, we have the right to appoint only half of the board of directors, and unanimous approval of the full board is required on certain matters. In India, 100% of the equity interests in the SE-25 power plant continues to be owned by SunEdison; our economic interest in the power plant is received through the payment of principal and interest on bonds issued by the project company to the Company, which bonds are secured by a pledge over the equity in the project company for the benefit of the Company, and the board of directors of the project company is prohibited from taking certain actions without the approval of the Company pursuant to a shareholder voting agreement. In addition, 26% of the equity interests in the ESP Urja and Millenium power plants continue to be owned by SunEdison, which does not constitute a controlling equity interest. In October 2016, the Company entered into arrangements with SunEdison for the transfer of the balance of the equity interests in the Azure, ESP Urja, Millenium and SE-25 power plants, in each case following the expiration of the equity lock-up period in the applicable PPAs (ranging from November 2016 to March 2017) and without further action by SunEdison. In November 2016, the balance 26% of the equity interests in Azure were transferred to the Company in accordance with these arrangements. Finally, a minority interest in our Brakes power plant in India is owned by a third party. In South Africa, third parties own a minority interest in each of our power plants due to requirements under local law and the applicable PPAs. While a majority of the board of directors of each project company in South Africa is appointed by the Company, the unanimous approval of directors appointed by the minority shareholders is required for certain actions, including transactions between the project companies and affiliates of the Company. In Thailand, SunEdison continues to own a majority of the equity interests in the NPS Star and WXA power plants, however the Company holds a controlling voting interest, as well as substantially all of the economic interests, in these project companies.
We may be dependent on our co-venturers to operate assets in which we do not own 100% of the equity interests. Our co-venturers may not have the level of experience, technical expertise, human resources management and other attributes necessary to operate these assets optimally. In addition, conflicts of interest may arise in the future between us and our stockholders, on the one hand, and our co-venturers, on the other hand. Further, disagreements or disputes between us and our co-venturers could result in litigation, which could increase our expenses and potentially limit the time and effort our officers and directors are able to devote to our business. The approval of co-venturers also may be required for us to receive distributions of funds from assets or to sell, pledge, transfer, assign or otherwise convey our interest in such assets. Alternatively, our co-venturers may have rights of first refusal or rights of first offer in the event of a proposed sale or transfer of our interests in such assets. These restrictions may limit the price or interest level for our interests in such assets, in the event we want to sell such interests.
Our failure to comply with South Africa’s renewable energy program could have a material adverse effect on South African power plants.


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South Africa’s renewable energy program requires all renewable energy power plants to satisfy a number of social and economic development requirements that are complex and expensive to implement. Any failure to comply with these social and economic development requirements can result in annual penalties payable to the South African Department of Energy or, in cases of severe non-compliance, termination of the PPA. In general, these requirements relate to the attainment of black economic empowerment, local economic development, and socio-economic development objectives. In addition, South Africa’s renewable energy program’s economic development requirements fit within the broader framework of the South African government’s empowerment program currently being implemented through the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act and the Codes of Good Practice on Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (“BEE”). These laws recognize two distinct mechanisms for the achievement of BEE objectives-compliance with codes of good practice, which have already been issued, and compliance with industry-specific transformation charters. One component of BEE is achieving a certain percentage of shareholdings by historically disadvantaged South Africans in South African businesses. Other components include procuring goods and services from black-owned businesses or from businesses that have earned good BEE scores, making contributions to charitable organizations and to small and medium sized majority black-owned businesses and achieving certain levels of black South African employment. Compliance with the codes and applicable charters are not enforced through civil or criminal sanction, but compliance will have an effect on our ability to secure contracts in the public and private sectors. If we acquire additional power plants located in South Africa, but are unable to comply with the requirements of the renewable energy program or achieve applicable BEE objectives, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and cash available for distribution to shareholders.
Labor disputes and the labor laws could have a material adverse effect on the operation and financial performance of South African power plants.
Although there is a history of positive and constructive engagement with labor unions in South Africa in recent years, there have been periods during which the various stakeholders are unable to agree on dispute resolution processes resulting in significant labor disputes and disruptive labor activities. Although we expect to contract with third-parties for the O&M of our South African power plants and not hire local employees for such facilities, any such power plants will nonetheless be at risk of its operations being disrupted for indefinite periods due to labor strikes and other labor disputes related to the parties from whom we contract operating and maintenance services. Significant labor disruptions may have a material adverse effect on the operations and financial results and condition of our South African power plants.
The operating results of our power plants in China may be adversely affected by changes in governmental policies that currently subsidize renewable energy.
The Chinese government has enacted a series of financial incentives designed to promote the development of solar and wind facilities. Most importantly, the feed-in tariff program currently provides that solar power plants are eligible to receive increased tariffs in an amount in excess of the benchmark tariff received by local desulfurized coal-fired generating units. The amount of the tariff to be paid to the power plant is established by the government based on a number of factors that are designed to make the power plant economically viable. The operating results of a power plant would be adversely affected in the event the government reduced the tariff payable to one or more of our power plants. There can be no assurance that the Chinese government will not elect to reduce or eliminate the ongoing tariff payments to our power plants in China.
Pursuant to the Chinese government’s Renewable Energy Law, all electrical power generated from clean and renewable energy sources is required to be purchased by the grid company provided that on-grid technical standards have been complied with and required approvals have been obtained. Nevertheless, solar and wind power plants have periodically experienced periods of curtailment by the grid company due to a lack of infrastructure and transmission capacity. Curtailment results in reduced tariff payments to the power plant as the facility is only entitled to receive payment for energy delivered to the grid companies. Our power plants in China have experienced and may continue to experience periodic reductions in revenue due to curtailments attributable to limitations on the electricity grids served by these power plants.
Chinese solar and wind power plants typically enter into a “framework” PPA with a power grid company with an initial term typically ranging from three to five years. These framework PPAs do not necessarily specify any volume or price obligations on the part of the offtake counterparty purchaser. The solar and wind facilities and the power grid company will further enter into short-term agreements under the framework PPA, which are subject to automatic annual renewals. The terms of these annual supplemental agreements are subject to change to the extent the government changes its tariff rate. As a result, our power plants in China will likely not have any long-term contractual protection on the price at which they may sell the power they generate or on the amount of power they may sell to the grid company. Although China has indicated an intention to keep the subsidized tariff rates in effect for the foreseeable future, it is under no obligation to do so and therefore the profitability of solar and wind facilities in China is subject to change with little or no advance notice.
Changes in foreign withholding taxes could adversely affect our results of operations.


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Distributions of earnings and other payments, including interest, to us from our power plants may be subject to withholding taxes imposed by the jurisdiction in which the project companies are formed or operating.
Any such withholding taxes will reduce the amount of after-tax cash we can receive. In addition, we are subject to risks that foreign countries may restrict distributions from the project companies or impose additional withholding taxes or otherwise tax our foreign income. If distributions are restricted, those withholding taxes are increased or additional foreign taxes are imposed, the amount of after-tax cash we receive will be further reduced. For additional discussion of risks related to taxation, see “Item 1A. Risks Related to Taxation” below.
Under renewable energy programs in certain of the countries in which we operate, renewable energy producers are required to contract with a single offtake counterparty resulting in concentrated counterparty risk.
Under South Africa’s renewable energy program, for example, the only offtake counterparty of electricity produced by renewable energy producers is Eskom, which is the country’s largest state-owned power utility that currently generates approximately 95% of South Africa’s electricity. As a result, material counterparty credit risk resides in a single public utility and not multiple local utilities. Eskom’s credit ratings have declined in recent years, and we can provide no assurances that its credit profile will not continue to deteriorate. Under its renewable energy program, the South African government guarantees the payment of Eskom’s obligations under its PPAs with renewable energy producers in defined circumstances, and in 2014 the National Treasury of South Africa announced a support package for Eskom approved by the Cabinet of South Africa. We can provide no assurance that the South African government will be able to honor its guarantee of Eskom’s obligations or that the support package approved by the National Treasury of South Africa will be sufficient in assisting Eskom in fulfilling its obligation under our PPAs. For more information, see “Item 1. Buisness-Government Incentives-South Africa.” If Eskom were to default on its performance of obligations under the applicable PPA for our South African power plants, and the South African government did not fulfill its guarantee, it may have a material adverse effect on the operations, financial results and condition of our South African power plants.
Our international operations require us to comply with anti-corruption laws and regulations of the United States government and various non-U.S. jurisdictions.
We operate on a global basis with power plants, offices or activities on five continents. Doing business in multiple countries requires us and our subsidiaries to comply with the laws and regulations of the United States government and various non-U.S. jurisdictions. Our failure to comply with these rules and regulations may expose us to liabilities. These laws and regulations may apply to us, our subsidiaries, individual directors, officers, employees and agents, and those of SunEdison, and may restrict our operations, trade practices, investment decisions and partnering activities. In particular, our non-U.S. operations are subject to United States and foreign anti-corruption laws and regulations, such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended (“FCPA”). The FCPA prohibits United States companies and their officers, directors, employees and agents acting on their behalf from corruptly offering, promising, authorizing or providing anything of value to foreign officials for the purposes of influencing official decisions or obtaining or retaining business or otherwise obtaining favorable treatment. The FCPA also requires companies to make and keep books, records and accounts that accurately and fairly reflect transactions and dispositions of assets and to maintain a system of adequate internal accounting controls. As part of our business, we deal with state-owned business enterprises, the employees and representatives of which may be considered foreign officials for purposes of the FCPA. Additionally, as we grow our business through acquisitions, we may expose ourselves to FCPA or similar violations if our due diligence processes are unable to uncover or detect existing violations of applicable anti-corruption laws. As a result, business dealings between our or SunEdison’s employees and any such foreign official could expose the Company to the risk of violating anti-corruption laws even if such business practices may be customary or are not otherwise prohibited between the Company and a private third party. Violations of these legal requirements are punishable by criminal fines and imprisonment, civil penalties, disgorgement of profits, injunctions, debarment from government contracts as well as other remedial measures. We have established policies and procedures designed to assist us and our personnel in complying with applicable United States and non-U.S. laws and regulations; however, we cannot assure you that these policies and procedures will completely eliminate the risk of a violation of these legal requirements, and any such violation (inadvertent or otherwise) could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Changes in local policies regarding high interest rates may affect the results of our operations.
Our power plants are located in countries, such as Brazil, that have traditionally adopted a monetary policy that maintains high interest rates in order to offset inflation. These monetary policies can inhibit economic growth and reduce industrial power consumption. As a result, future investments in power generation may be limited due to lower market prices for electricity than currently expected.
Under Brazilian law, we are strictly liable for any damages resulting from inadequate supply of electricity to the grid, and our contracted insurance policies may not fully cover such damages.


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Under Brazilian law, we are strictly liable for direct and indirect damages resulting from the operation of power generation plants, such as abrupt interruptions or disturbances arising from the generation, distribution or transmission systems. Accordingly, we may be held liable for such damages even if we were not at fault. As a result of the inherent uncertainty involved in these matters, we do not maintain any provisions in relation to potential damage, and these interruptions or disturbances may not be covered by our insurance policies or may exceed the coverage limits of such policies. Accordingly, if we are found liable of damages in a material amount, there could be a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations to a greater degree than those claims where we have recorded reserve provisions.
In the future, we may acquire certain assets in which we have limited control over management decisions and our interests in such assets may be subject to transfer or other related restrictions.
We have acquired, and may seek to acquire, assets in the future in which we own less than a majority of the related interests in the assets. In these investments, we will seek to exert a degree of influence with respect to the management and operation of assets in which we own less than a majority of the interests by negotiating to obtain positions on management committees or to receive certain limited governance rights, such as rights to veto significant actions. However, we may not always succeed in such negotiations, and we may be dependent on our co-venturers to operate such assets. Our co-venturers may not have the level of experience, technical expertise, human resources management and other attributes necessary to operate these assets optimally. In addition, conflicts of interest may arise in the future between us and our stockholders, on the one hand, and our co-venturers, on the other hand, where our co-venturers’ business interests are inconsistent with our interests and those of our stockholders. Further, disagreements or disputes between us and our co-venturers could result in litigation, which could increase our expenses and potentially limit the time and effort our officers and directors are able to devote to our business.
The approval of co-venturers also may be required for us to receive distributions of funds from assets or to sell, pledge, transfer, assign or otherwise convey our interest in such assets, or for us to acquire SunEdison’s interests in such co-ventures as an initial matter. Alternatively, our co-venturers may have rights of first refusal or rights of first offer in the event of a proposed sale or transfer of our interests in such assets. These restrictions may limit the price or interest level for our interests in such assets, in the event we want to sell such interests.
Negative public or community response to renewable energy facilities could adversely affect construction of our facilities.
Negative public or community response to solar, wind and other renewable energy facilities, could adversely affect our ability to acquire and operate our facilities. Our experience is that such opposition subsides over time after renewable energy facilities are completed and are operating, but there are cases where opposition, disputes and even litigation continue into the operating period and could lead to curtailment of a facility or other facility modifications.
The seasonality of our operations may affect our liquidity.
We will need to maintain sufficient financial liquidity to absorb the impact of seasonal variations in energy production or other significant events. Our principal sources of liquidity are cash generated from our operating activities, the cash retained by us for working capital purposes out of the gross proceeds of financing activities as well as our borrowing capacity under our Revolver, subject to the conditions required to draw under our Revolver. Our quarterly results of operations may fluctuate significantly for various reasons, mostly related to economic incentives and weather patterns.
For instance, the amount of electricity and revenues generated by our solar power plants is dependent in part on the amount of sunlight, or irradiation, where the assets are located. Due to shorter daylight hours in winter months which results in less irradiation, the generation produced by these facilities will vary depending on the season. The electricity produced and revenues generated by a wind power plant depend heavily on wind conditions, which are variable and difficult to predict. Operating results for wind power plants vary significantly from period to period depending on the wind conditions during the periods in question. Additionally, to the extent more of our power plants are located in the northern or southern hemisphere, overall generation of our entire asset portfolio could be impacted by seasonality. Further, time-of-day pricing factors vary seasonally which contributes to variability of revenues. In addition, in India, Malaysia and Thailand, the operation of power plants may be impacted by the monsoon season, which generally lasts from May through September. As a result, we expect our portfolio of power plants to generate the lowest amount of electricity during the third quarter of each year. We therefore expect our revenue and cash available for distribution to be lower during the third quarter of each year.
If we fail to adequately manage the fluctuations in the timing of our power plants, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially affected. The seasonality of our energy production may create increased demands on our working capital reserves and borrowing capacity under our Revolver during periods where cash generated from operating activities are lower. In the event that our working capital reserves and borrowing capacity under our Revolver are insufficient to meet our financial requirements, or in the event that the restrictive covenants in our Revolver restrict our access to such


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facilities, we may require additional equity or debt financing to maintain our solvency. Additional equity or debt financing may not be available when required or available on commercially favorable terms or on terms that are otherwise satisfactory to us, in which event there may be a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
The production of wind energy depends heavily on suitable wind conditions. If wind conditions are unfavorable or below our estimates, our electricity production, and therefore our revenue, may be substantially below our expectations.
The electricity produced and revenues generated by a wind power plant depend heavily on wind conditions, which are variable and difficult to predict. Operating results for wind power plants vary significantly from period to period depending on the wind conditions during the periods in question. We have based our decisions about which sites to develop in part on the findings of long-term wind and other meteorological studies conducted in the proposed area, which measure the wind’s speed, prevailing direction and seasonal variations. Actual wind conditions at these sites, however, may not conform to the measured data in these studies and may be affected by variations in weather patterns, including any potential impact of climate change. Therefore, the electricity generated by our wind power plants may not meet our anticipated production levels or the rated capacity of the turbines located there, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In some quarters the wind resources at our operating wind power plants, while within the range of our long-term estimates, have varied from the averages we expected. If the wind resources at a facility are below the average level we expect, our rate of return for the facility would be below our expectations and we would be adversely affected. Projections of wind resources also rely upon assumptions about turbine placement, interference between turbines and the effects of vegetation, land use and terrain, which involve uncertainty and require us to exercise considerable judgment. We or our consultants may make mistakes in conducting these wind and other meteorological studies. Any of these factors could cause our development sites to have less wind potential than we expected, or to cause us to develop our sites in ways that do not optimize their potential, which could cause the return on our investment in these wind power plants to be lower than expected.
If our wind energy assessments turn out to be wrong, our business could suffer a number of material adverse consequences, including:
our energy production and sales may be significantly lower than we predict;
our hedging arrangements may be ineffective or more costly;
we may not produce sufficient energy to meet our commitments to sell electricity and, as a result, we may have to buy electricity on the open market to cover our obligations or pay damages; and
our wind power plants may not generate sufficient cash flow to make payments of principal and interest as they become due on the notes and our non-recourse debt, and we may have difficulty obtaining financing for future wind power plants.
If we are deemed to be an investment company, we may be required to institute burdensome compliance requirements and our activities may be restricted, which may make it difficult for us to complete strategic acquisitions or affect combinations.
If we are deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Investment Company Act”) our business would be subject to applicable restrictions under the Investment Company Act, which could make it impractical for us to continue our business as contemplated.
We believe our company is not an investment company under Section 3(b)(1) of the Investment Company Act because we are primarily engaged in a non-investment company business, and we intend to conduct our operations so that we will not be deemed an investment company. However, if we were to be deemed an investment company, restrictions imposed by the Investment Company Act, including limitations on our capital structure and our ability to transact with affiliates, could make it impractical for us to continue our business as contemplated.
Risks Inherent in an Investment in TerraForm Global, Inc.
We may not be able to pay comparable or growing cash dividends to holders of our Class A common stock in the future.
The amount of our cash available for distribution principally depends upon the amount of cash we generate from our operations, which will fluctuate from quarter to quarter based on, among other things:
the adverse consequences of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, including our transition away from reliance on SunEdison for management, corporate and accounting services, employees, critical systems and information technology infrastructure and the operation and maintenance of our power plants and the failure of SunEdison to perform substantially as obligated under its agreements with us, including the Interest Payment Agreement;
the timing of our ability to complete our Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2016, June 30, 2016 and September 30, 2016 and project level financial statements;


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defaults or potential defaults arising under or Revolver, the indenture governing the Senior Notes and in our project level financing agreements and the resulting impact on our power plants, litigation or other claims against us arising from the SunEdison Bankruptcy, and our relationships with key counterparties and the other risks described under “Risks Related to our Relationship with SunEdison and the SunEdison Bankruptcy,
risks related to our failure to satisfy the requirements of Nasdaq, which could result in a delisting of our common stock;
our ability to complete our pending acquisition and transfer the remaining projects from our IPO portfolio within contemplated timetables, or at all;
our ability to integrate acquired assets and realize the anticipated benefits of these acquired assets;
counterparties’ to our offtake agreements willingness and ability to fulfill their obligations under such agreements;
price fluctuations and termination provisions related to our offtake agreements;
our ability to successfully identify, evaluate and consummate acquisitions;
government regulation, including compliance with regulatory and permit requirements and changes in market rules, rates, tariffs and environmental laws;
operating and financial restrictions placed on us and our subsidiaries related to agreements governing our indebtedness and other agreements of certain of our subsidiaries and project companies generally and in our Revolver;
our ability to borrow additional funds and access capital markets, as well as our substantial indebtedness and the possibility that we may incur additional indebtedness going forward;
our ability to compete against traditional and renewable energy companies;
fluctuations in foreign exchange rates;
hazards customary to the power production industry and power generation operations such as unusual weather conditions, catastrophic weather-related or other damage to facilities, unscheduled generation outages, maintenance or repairs, interconnection problems or other developments, environmental incidents, or electric transmission constraints and the possibility that we may not have adequate insurance to cover losses as a result of such hazards;
restrictions contained in our debt agreements (including our project level financing, the indenture governing our Senior Notes and our Revolver);
our ability to expand into new business segments or new geographies; and
our ability to operate our businesses efficiently, manage capital expenditures and costs tightly, manage litigation, manage risks related to international operations and generate earnings and cash flow from our asset-based businesses in relation to our debt and other obligations.
As a result of all these factors, we cannot guarantee that we will have sufficient cash generated from operations to pay a specific level of cash dividends to holders of our Class A common stock. Furthermore, holders of our Class A common stock should be aware that the amount of cash available for distribution depends primarily on our cash flow, and is not solely a function of profitability, which is affected by non-cash items. We may incur other expenses or liabilities during a period that could significantly reduce or eliminate our cash available for distribution and, in turn, impair our ability to pay dividends to holders of our Class A common stock during the period. We are a holding company, and our ability to pay dividends on our Class A common stock is limited by restrictions on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other distributions to us, including restrictions under the terms of the agreements governing project level financing. Our project level financing agreements generally prohibit distributions from the project companies prior to commercial operation date and, in certain cases, for a period after commercial operation date, and thereafter prohibit distributions to us unless certain specific conditions are met, including the satisfaction of financial ratios, and, in the case of our Indian power plants, the consent of the lender is obtained. Our Revolver and the indenture governing the Senior Notes also restrict our ability to declare and pay dividends if an event of default has occurred and is continuing or if the payment of the dividend would result in an event of default.
To the extent we issue additional equity securities in connection with any acquisitions or growth capital expenditures, the payment of dividends on these additional equity securities may increase the risk that we will be unable to maintain or increase our per share dividend. There are no limitations in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation (other than a specified number of authorized shares) on our ability to issue equity securities, including securities ranking senior to our common stock. The incurrence of bank borrowings or other debt by Global Operating LLC or by our project companies to finance our growth strategy will result in increased interest expense and the imposition of additional or more restrictive covenants which, in turn, may impact the cash distributions we distribute to holders of our Class A common stock.
Global LLC’s cash available for distribution will likely fluctuate from quarter to quarter, in some cases significantly, due to seasonality or wind and solar resource conditions. As a result, we may cause Global LLC to reduce the amount of cash it distributes to its members in a particular quarter to establish reserves to fund distributions to its members in future periods for which the cash distributions we would normally receive from Global LLC would otherwise be insufficient to fund our quarterly


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dividend. If we fail to cause Global LLC to establish sufficient reserves, we may not be able to maintain our quarterly dividend with respect to a quarter adversely affected by seasonality.
Finally, dividends to holders of our Class A common stock will be paid at the discretion of our Board. Our Board may decrease the level of or entirely discontinue payment of dividends.
Capital controls could limit our ability to finance the acquisition of power plants and our ability to repatriate cash.
Certain jurisdictions in which power plants in our portfolio are located or in which we expect to acquire power plants in the future impose capital controls that either restrict investment by foreign sources, restrict the transfer of capital to foreign recipients or both. For example, South Africa currently has an exchange control regime which includes restrictions on exporting capital from South Africa and which may accordingly place constraints on cash flows from the South African power plants. While exchange controls have been relaxed in recent years, South African companies remain subject to restrictions on their ability to raise and deploy capital outside of the Southern African Common Monetary Area. Similarly, companies incorporated in India are subject to regulatory restrictions on borrowing in foreign currencies and the granting of security interests in collateral. Such restrictions could limit our ability to raise financings on competitive terms and refinance existing indebtedness. Additionally, our ability to borrow money against the collateral located in India is subject to exchange control regulations in India and may require the prior approval of the Indian regulatory authorities.
We are a holding company and our only material asset is our interest in Global LLC, and we are accordingly dependent upon distributions from Global LLC and its subsidiaries to pay dividends, taxes and other expenses.
TerraForm Global, Inc. is a holding company and has no material assets other than its ownership of membership interests in Global LLC, a holding company that has no material assets other than its interest in Global Operating LLC, whose sole material assets are the power plants that comprise our portfolio and the power plants that we subsequently acquire. TerraForm Global, Inc., Global LLC and Global Operating LLC have no independent means of generating revenue. We intend to cause Global Operating LLC’s subsidiaries to make distributions to Global Operating LLC and, in turn, make distributions to Global LLC, and, Global LLC, in turn, to make distributions to TerraForm Global, Inc. in an amount sufficient to cover all applicable taxes payable and dividends, if any, declared by us. To the extent that we need funds to pay a quarterly cash dividend to holders of our Class A common stock or otherwise, and Global Operating LLC or Global LLC is restricted from making such distributions under applicable law or regulation or is otherwise unable to provide such funds (including as a result of Global Operating LLC’s operating subsidiaries being unable to make distributions, such as due to defaults in project level financing agreements), it could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and financial condition and limit our ability to pay dividends to holders of our Class A common stock.
Market interest rates may have an effect on the value of our Class A common stock.
One of the factors that influences the price of shares of our Class A common stock will be the effective dividend yield of such shares (i.e., the yield as a percentage of the then market price of our shares) relative to market interest rates. An increase in market interest rates, which are currently at low levels relative to historical rates, may lead prospective purchasers of shares of our Class A common stock to expect a higher dividend yield. If market interest rates increase and we are unable to increase our dividend in response, including due to an increase in borrowing costs, insufficient cash available for distribution or otherwise, investors may seek alternative investments with higher yield, which would result in selling pressure on, and a decrease in the market price of, our Class A common stock. As a result, the price of our Class A common stock may decrease as market interest rates increase.
The market price and marketability of our shares may from time to time be significantly affected by numerous factors beyond our control, which may adversely affect our ability to raise capital through future equity financings.
The market price of our shares may fluctuate significantly and the market price of our Class A common stock declined substantially in 2015 relative to others in our industry. Many factors that are beyond our control may significantly affect the market price and marketability of our shares and may adversely affect our ability to raise capital through equity financings. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following:


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price and volume fluctuations in the stock markets generally;
significant volatility in the market price and trading volume of securities of registered investment companies, business development companies or companies in our sectors, which may not be related to the operating performance of these companies;
changes in our earnings or variations in operating results;
changes in regulatory policies or tax law;
operating performance of companies comparable to us; and
loss of funding sources.
We are a “controlled company,” controlled by SunEdison, whose interest in our business may be different from ours or the holders of our Class A common stock.
Each share of our Class B common stock entitles SunEdison or its controlled affiliates to 100 votes on matters presented to our stockholders generally. SunEdison currently owns all of our Class B common stock. Therefore, SunEdison currently controls a majority of the vote on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, including the election of our directors, even though its ownership of our Class B common stock represents less than 50% of the outstanding Class A common stock and Class B common stock on a combined basis. For as long as SunEdison holds our Class B common stock, SunEdison will maintain this control. In addition, our exploration and evaluation of strategic alternatives may result, among other potential outcomes, in a transaction in which control (through Class B common stock or other similar interests) is transferred to a subsequent sponsor. As a result, we are and may continue to be considered a “controlled company” for the purposes of the NASDAQ Global Select Market listing requirements. As a “controlled company,” we are permitted to opt out of the NASDAQ Global Select Market listing requirements that require (i) a majority of the members of our Board to be independent, (ii) that we establish a compensation committee and a nominating and governance committee, each comprised entirely of independent directors, and (iii) an annual performance evaluation of the nominating and governance and compensation committees. We rely on exceptions with respect to establishing a compensation committee or nominating committee and annual performance evaluations of such committees.
The NASDAQ Global Select Market listing requirements are intended to ensure that directors who meet the independence standard are free of any conflicting interest that could influence their actions as directors. As further described above the section “Risks Related to our Relationship with SunEdison and the SunEdison Bankruptcy” it is possible that the interests of SunEdison may in some circumstances conflict with our interests and the interests of holders of our Class A common stock. Should SunEdison’s interests differ from those of other stockholders, the other stockholders may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance rules for publicly-listed companies. Our status as a controlled company could make our Class A common stock less attractive to some investors or otherwise harm our stock price.
Provisions of our charter documents or Delaware law could delay or prevent an acquisition of us, even if the acquisition would be beneficial to holders of our Class A common stock, and could make it more difficult for investors to change management.
Provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws may discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or other change in control that holders of our Class A common stock may consider favorable, including transactions in which such stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares. This is because these provisions may prevent or frustrate attempts by stockholders to replace or remove members of our management. These provisions include:
a prohibition on stockholder action through written consent once SunEdison ceases to hold a majority of the combined voting power of our common stock;
a requirement that special meetings of stockholders be called upon a resolution approved by a majority of our directors then in office;
the right of SunEdison as the holder of our Class B common stock, to appoint up to four additional directors to our Board;
advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals and nominations; and
the authority of the Board to issue preferred stock with such terms as the Board may determine.
Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder (generally a person that together with its affiliates owns or within the last three years has owned 15% of voting stock) for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. As a result of these


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provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law, the price investors may be willing to pay in the future for shares of our Class A common stock may be limited.
Additionally, in order to ensure compliance with Section 203 of the FPA, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation prohibits any person from acquiring, without prior FERC authorization or the written consent of our Board, in purchases other than secondary market transactions (i) an amount of our Class A or Class B1 common stock that, after giving effect to such acquisition, would allow such purchaser together with its affiliates (as understood for purposes of FPA Section 203) to exercise 10% or more of the total voting power of the outstanding shares of our Class A, Class B and Class B1 common stock in the aggregate, or (ii) an amount of our Class A common stock or Class B1 common stock as otherwise determined by our Board sufficient to allow such purchaser together with its affiliates to exercise control over our company. Any acquisition of our Class A common stock or Class B1 common stock in violation of this prohibition shall not be effective to transfer record, beneficial, legal or any other ownership of such common stock, and the transferee shall not be entitled to any rights as a stockholder with respect to such common stock (including, without limitation, the right to vote or to receive dividends with respect thereto). Any acquisition of 10% or greater voting power or a change of control with respect to us or any of our solar and wind generation project companies could require prior authorization from FERC under Section 203 the FPA. Furthermore, a “holding company” (as defined in PUHCA) and its “affiliates” (as defined in PUHCA) may be subject to restrictions on the acquisition of our Class A common stock or Class B1 common stock in secondary market transactions to which other acquirers are not subject. A purchaser of our securities which is a “holding company” or an “affiliate” or “associate company” of such a “holding company” (as defined in PUHCA) should seek their own legal counsel to determine whether a given purchase of our securities may require prior FERC approval.
Investors may experience dilution of their ownership interest due to the future issuance of additional shares of our Class A common stock.
We are in a capital intensive business, and may not have sufficient funds to finance the growth of our business, future acquisitions or to support our projected capital expenditures. As a result, we may require additional funds from further equity or debt financings, including sales of preferred shares or convertible debt to complete future acquisitions, expansions and capital expenditures and pay the general and administrative costs of our business. In the future, we may issue our previously authorized and unissued securities, resulting in the dilution of the ownership interests of purchasers of our Class A common stock offered hereby. Under our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, we are authorized to issue 2,750,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, 200,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, 550,000,000 shares of Class B1 common stock and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock with preferences and rights as determined by our Board. The potential issuance of additional shares of common stock or preferred stock or convertible debt may create downward pressure on the trading price of our Class A common stock. We may also issue additional shares of our Class A common stock or other securities that are convertible into or exercisable for our Class A common stock in future public offerings or private placements for capital raising purposes or for other business purposes, potentially at an offering price, conversion price or exercise price that is below the trading price of our Class A common stock.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish or cease publishing research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding our Class A common stock adversely, the stock price and trading volume of our Class A common stock could decline.
The trading market for our Class A common stock will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, our business, our market or our competitors. If any of the analysts who may cover us change their recommendation regarding our Class A common stock adversely, or provide more favorable relative recommendations about our competitors, the price of our Class A common stock would likely decline. If any analyst who may cover us were to cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause the stock price or trading volume of our Class A common stock to decline.
Future sales of our common stock or disposals or transfers by SunEdison of Class B common stock and Class B Units, including in connection with the SunEdison Bankruptcy, may cause the price of our Class A common stock to fall.
The market price of our Class A common stock could decline as a result of sales by investors, who hold restricted shares, into the market, or the perception that these sales could occur. The presence of additional shares of our Class A common stock trading in the public market may have a material adverse effect on the market price of our securities.
The market price of our Class A common stock may also decline as a result of SunEdison disposing or transferring some or all of our outstanding Class B common stock and Class B units, which disposals or transfers would reduce SunEdison’s ownership interest in, and voting control over, us, as well as result in substantial dilution because of the resulting exchange of Class B units for Class A common stock. As further described in “Risks Related to our Relationship with SunEdison and the


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SunEdison Bankruptcy, such disposals or transfers could occur in connection with the SunEdison Bankruptcy. These dispositions might also make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities at a time and price that we deem appropriate.
SunEdison and certain of its affiliates and the investors in the Private Placements have certain demand and piggyback registration rights with respect to shares of our Class A common stock issuable upon the exchange of Class B units or Class B1 units of Global LLC. The presence of additional shares of our Class A common stock trading in the public market, as a result of the exercise of such registration rights may have a material adverse effect on the market price of our securities.
The Company is an “emerging growth company” and has elected to comply with reduced public company reporting requirements, which could make the Company’s Class A common stock less attractive to stockholders.
We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined by the JOBS Act. For as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we have chosen to take advantage of exemptions from various public company reporting requirements. These exemptions include, but are not limited to, (i) being permitted to provide only two years of audited financial statements, in addition to any required unaudited interim financial statements, with correspondingly reduced “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations” disclosure; (ii) not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (iii) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports, proxy statements and registration statements, and (iv) exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We have elected to take advantage of certain of the reduced disclosure obligations regarding financial statements and executive compensation. In addition, Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act also provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have chosen to “opt in” to such extended transition period election under Section 107(b). Therefore, we have elected to delay adoption of new or revised accounting standards and, as a result, we have chosen not to comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for non-emerging growth companies. As a result of our election, our financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of other public companies.
We could be an emerging growth company for up to five years after the first sale of our common equity securities pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, which such fifth anniversary will occur in 2020. However, if certain events occur prior to the end of such five-year period, including if we become a “large accelerated filer,” our annual gross revenues exceed $1.0 billion or we issue more than $1.0 billion of non-convertible debt in any three-year period, we would cease to be an emerging growth company prior to the end of such five-year period. We have taken advantage of certain of the reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in this filing and have elected to take advantage of other reduced burdens in future filings. As a result, the information that we provide to holders of our Class A common stock may be different than investors might receive from other public reporting companies in which you hold equity interests. We cannot predict if investors will find our Class A common stock less attractive as a result of our reliance on these exemptions. If some investors find our Class A common stock less attractive as a result of any choice we make to reduce disclosure, there may be a less active trading market for our Class A common stock and the price for our Class A common stock may be more volatile.
Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to avail ourselves of this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards and, therefore, we will not be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.
Risks Related to Taxation
Our future tax liability may be greater than expected if we do not generate Net Operating Losses (“NOLs”) sufficient to offset taxable income.
We expect to generate NOLs and NOL carryforwards that we can utilize to offset future taxable income. Based on our portfolio of assets that we expect will benefit from an accelerated tax depreciation schedule, and subject to tax obligations resulting from potential tax audits, we do not expect to pay significant United States federal income tax in the near term. However, in the event these losses are not generated as expected, are successfully challenged by the Internal Revenue Service(“IRS”) (in a tax audit or otherwise), or are subject to future limitations as a result of an “ownership change” as discussed below, our ability to realize these future tax benefits may be limited. Any such reduction, limitation, or challenge may result in a material increase in our estimated future income tax liabilities and may negatively impact our business, financial condition and operating results.


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Our ability to use NOLs to offset future income may be limited.
Our ability to use existing NOL carryforwards and NOLs generated in the future could be substantially limited if we were to experience an “ownership change” as defined under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. In general, an ownership change occurs if the aggregate stock ownership of certain stockholders (generally 5% stockholders, applying certain look-through and aggregation rules) increases by more than 50% over such stockholders’ lowest percentage ownership over a rolling three-year period. If a corporation experiences an ownership change, its ability to use its pre-change NOL carryforwards and other pre-change deferred tax attributes to offset its post-change income and taxes may be limited. Future sales of our Class B common stock by SunEdison, as well as future issuances by us or trades of stock amount our other 5% stockholders, could contribute to a potential ownership change.
A valuation allowance may be required for our deferred tax assets.
Our expected NOLs will be reflected as a deferred tax asset as they are generated until utilized to offset income. Valuation allowances may need to be maintained for deferred tax assets that we estimate are more likely than not to be unrealizable, based on available evidence at the time the estimate is made. Valuation allowances related to deferred tax assets can be affected by changes to tax laws, statutory tax rates and future taxable income levels and based on input from our auditors, tax advisors or regulatory authorities. In the event that we were to determine that we would not be able to realize all or a portion of our net deferred tax assets in the future, we would reduce such amounts through a charge to income tax expense in the period in which that determination was made, which could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations and our ability to maintain profitability. Moreover additional ownership changes may occur in connection with potential transactions that may result from our ongoing exploration and evaluation of strategic alternatives.
Investors may be subject to Indian taxes on income arising through the sale of our equity shares.
Several of our power plants are located in India. Pursuant to the Indian Income Tax Act, 1961, as amended (the “Indian Income Tax Act”), income arising directly or indirectly through the sale of a capital asset, including any share or interest in a company or entity registered or incorporated outside of India, will be taxable in India if such share or interest derives its value, directly or indirectly, substantially from assets located in India. This tax is applicable whether or not the seller of such share or interest has a residence, place of business, business connection or any other presence in India. If it is determined that these Indian Income Tax Act provisions apply to shares of our Class A common stock, any transfer of such shares may be taxable in India, subject to the protections, if any, available under a double taxation agreement entered into by the Government of India with the country of which the transferor is a resident. The Indian Income Tax Act defines “substantially” to require the fair market value of Indian assets to represent at least 50% of the value of all assets owned by the entity. Moreover, the Indian Income Tax Act exempts from such tax, persons who have not owned over 5% of the stock of the entity in question directly or indirectly or do not hold right of control or management directly or indirectly of the entity in question at any time in the 12 months preceding the date of transfer. While we do not believe that the Indian assets represent more than 50% of the value of all assets owned by the entity, no assurance can be given that the Indian tax authorities will not challenge this position.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

Item 2. Properties.
Each of our power plants has contracted to sell all or a majority of its output pursuant to a long-term, fixed-price power sale agreement with a creditworthy counterparty. We expect any power plant we acquire in the future will be party to a similar agreement, but we may acquire power plants with greater levels of uncontracted capacity. See the table of our properties as of October 31, 2016 in Item 1. Business - Our Portfolio.
With respect to each of our solar and wind power plants, the purchaser of the electricity is an electric utility entity or power is delivered directly to the grid.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
For a description of our legal proceedings, see Item 15. Note 17. Commitments and Contingencies, to our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on Form 10-K.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.


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PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Use of Proceeds
On July 20, 2015, the Company commenced the IPO pursuant to a registration statement filed with the SEC on Form S-1 (File No. 333-203934), as amended. The Registration Statement, pursuant to which the Company registered 51,750,000 shares of Class A common stock representing an estimated maximum aggregate offering price of $776.3 million, was declared effective by the SEC on July 31, 2015. On August 5, 2015, the Company closed its IPO and sold 45,000,000 shares of its Class A common stock at a public offering price of $15.00 per share, representing an aggregate offering price of $675.0 million. The net proceeds to the Company, after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses, was $619.1 million. No offering expenses were paid or are payable, directly or indirectly, to the Company’s directors or officers, to persons owning 10.0% or more of any class of the Company’s equity securities or to any of our affiliates.
For the year ended December 31, 2015, the net proceeds from the IPO were used as follows: (i) $462.5 million to repay the Bridge Facility; and (ii) $156.6 million to repay project level indebtedness. There was no material change in the expected use of the net proceeds from the IPO as described in the Company’s final prospectus, dated July 31, 2015, filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) relating to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1.
J.P Morgan Securities LLC, Barclays Capital Inc., Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co. acted as managing underwriters in the IPO.
Common Stock
The Company’s Class A common stock began trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “GLBL” on July 31, 2015. Prior to that, there was no public market for our Class A common stock. The Company’s Class B common stock and Class B1 common stock are not publicly traded.
As of November 30, 2016, there were 41holders of record of the Company’s Class A common stock, one holder of record of the Company’s Class B common stock and no shares issued of the Company’s Class B1 common stock and the closing sale price per share of our Class A common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market was $3.80.
The table below sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sale prices per share of our Class A common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market since July 31, 2015:
 
High
 
Low
July 31, 2015 to September 30, 2015
$
14.44

 
$
6.38

Quarter ended December 31, 2015
8.36

 
3.71

Dividends
On November 10, 2015, the Company declared a dividend for the third quarter of 2015 on the Company’s Class A common stock of $0.1704 per share, which was paid on December 15, 2015 to stockholders of record on December 1, 2015. This amount represents a quarterly dividend of $0.275 per share, or $1.10 per share on an annualized basis, prorated to adjust for a partial quarter as we consummated our IPO on August 5, 2015.
On February 29, 2016, the Company declared a dividend for the fourth quarter of 2015 on the Company’s Class A common stock of $0.275 per share, or $1.10 per share on an annualized basis. The dividend was paid on March 17, 2016 to stockholders of record as of March 10, 2016.
Stock Performance Graph
This performance graph below shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities under that section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.


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The performance graph below compares the Company’s cumulative total stockholder return on the Company’s Class A common stock for the periods July 31, 2015 through September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2015 through December 31, 2015, with the cumulative total return of the NASDAQ Composite Index, the S&P Global Clean Energy Index, the MSCI Emerging Markets Index, as well as our peer group consisting of Abengoa Yield plc, NextEra Energy Partners, LP, NRG Yield, Inc., Pattern Energy Group Inc., and 8point3 Energy Partners LP.
The performance graph below compares each period assuming that $100 was invested on the IPO date in each of the Class A common stock of the Company, the stocks in the NASDAQ Composite Index, S&P Global Clean Energy Index, the MSCI Emerging Markets Index, and our peer group, and that all dividends were reinvested.
Comparison of Cumulative Total Return
terp201410-_chartx43566.jpg



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Stock
 
July 31, 2015
 
September 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2015
TerraForm Global, Inc.
 
$
100.00

 
$
44.40

 
$
30.89

NASDAQ Composite Index
 
100.00

 
89.89

 
98.27

S&P Global Clean Energy Index
 
100.00

 
84.80

 
93.62

MSCI Emerging Markets Index
 
100.00

 
89.47

 
89.20

Peer Group
 
100.00

 
72.09

 
99.77



Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

Global does not have a share repurchase program.



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Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
The Company’s historical selected financial data is presented in the following table. For all periods prior to the IPO, the amounts shown in the table below represent the combination of the Company and Global LLC, our accounting predecessor, and were prepared using SunEdison’s historical basis in assets and liabilities. For all periods subsequent to the IPO, the amounts shown in the table below represent the results of the Company, which consolidates Global LLC through its controlling interest. This historical data should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes thereto in Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statements and Schedules.
Our consolidated financial statements were prepared assuming we would continue as a going concern (which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business). Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on many factors, including among other things, the resolution of the SunEdison Bankruptcy absent claims from interested parties that the assets and liabilities of the Company be substantively consolidated with SunEdison and that the Company and/or its assets and liabilities be included in the SunEdison Bankruptcy as well as our ability to comply with or modify our existing obligations under the indenture governing our 9.75% Senior Notes due 2022. Management’s plans with respect to these conditions are further described in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on Form 10-K. The following Selected Financial Data taken from our accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that we will continue as a going concern. These financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.



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(In thousands, except per share data)
For the Year Ended December 31,
Statement of Operations Data:
2015
 
2014
 
2013
Operating revenues, net
$
124,116

 
$
39,449

 
$
22,196

Operating costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of operations
9,964

 
1,999

 
355

Cost of operations - affiliate
6,388

 
2,257

 
1,311

General and administrative expense
11,603

 
1,349

 
1,047

General and administrative expense - affiliate
20,668

 
10,850

 
4,790

Acquisition, formation and related costs
39,358

 

 

Depreciation, accretion and amortization expense
28,769

 
7,167

 
4,785

Provision for contingent loss on deposit for acquisitions
231,000

 

 

Total operating costs and expenses
347,750

 
23,622

 
12,288

Operating (loss) income
(223,634
)
 
15,827

 
9,908

Other expense (income):
 
 
 
 
 
Loss on extinguishment of debt, net
2,298

 

 

Interest expense, net
107,648

 
24,294

 
11,812

Gain on previously held equity investment
(1,426
)
 

 

Loss (gain) on foreign currency exchange, net
35,363

 
(4,038
)
 
2,247

Other income, net
(1,366
)
 
(1,090
)
 
(223
)
Total other expenses, net
142,517

 
19,166

 
13,836

Loss before income tax expense
(366,151
)
 
(3,339
)
 
(3,928
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
4,858

 
1,700

 
(1,651
)
Net loss
(371,009
)
 
$
(5,039
)
 
$
(2,277
)
Less: Predecessor loss prior to initial public offering on August 5, 2015
(39,353
)
 
 
 
 
Net loss subsequent to initial public offering
(331,656
)
 
 
 
 
Less: Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests
(118,995
)
 
 
 
 
Net loss attributable to TerraForm Global, Inc. Class A common stockholders
$
(212,661
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average number of shares:
 
 
 
 
 
Class A common stock - Basic and diluted
100,813

 
 
 
 
Loss per share:
 
 
 
 
 
Class A common stock - Basic and diluted
$
(2.11
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash Flow Data:
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by (used in):
 
 
 
 
 
Operating activities
$
9,621

 
$
15,060

 
$
(16,972
)
Investing activities
(752,464
)
 
(231,853
)
 
(101,953
)
Financing activities
1,536,959

 
365,519

 
118,639



76


(In thousands, except per share data)
 
As of December 31,
Balance Sheet Data (at period end):
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
921,946

 
$
150,146

 
$
3,148

Restricted cash
 
141,733

 
43,395

 
45,159

Power plants, net
 
1,148,350

 
386,079

 
210,017

Long-term debt
 
1,295,761

 
524,111

 
145,420

Total assets
 
2,659,050

 
673,456

 
291,111

Total liabilities
 
1,476,641

 
624,692

 
221,321

Total stockholders’ equity
 
1,182,409

 
48,764

 
69,701


Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes contained herein. The results shown herein are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected in any future periods. Unless otherwise indicated or otherwise required by the context, references to we, our, us, or the Company refer to TerraForm Global, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Overview
Our primary business strategy is to own and operate a portfolio of renewable energy power plants and to pay cash dividends to our stockholders. We also intend to grow our portfolio over time through acquisitions in order to increase the cash dividends we pay to our stockholders.
We have acquired a portfolio of long-term contracted clean power plants from SunEdison and unaffiliated third parties that have proven technologies, creditworthy counterparties, low operating risks and stable cash flows. We have focused on the solar and wind energy segments because we believe they are currently the fastest growing segments of the clean power generation industry globally. Solar and wind assets are also attractive because there is no associated fuel cost risk, the technologies have become highly reliable and assets have an expected life which can exceed 30 years. From time to time, we may selectively choose to acquire renewable energy projects before they have reached commercial operation if we believe there is greater value to the Company’s stockholders by owning the asset prior to commercial operation and if we believe that any risks to achieving commercial operation have been sufficiently mitigated.
On April 21, 2016, SunEdison and certain of its domestic and international subsidiaries voluntarily filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. As a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, current limitations on our ability to access the capital markets for our debt and equity securities, and other risks that we face, we have adjusted our focus to executing on our near term plans and priorities. These near term business objectives include:
focusing on the performance and efficiency of our existing portfolio of power plants;
mitigating, to the extent possible, the adverse impacts resulting from the SunEdison Bankruptcy, including ensuring the continuity of operation, maintenance and asset management of our power plants and seeking proposals, and engaging O&M and asset management services, from third party providers to replace SunEdison and its affiliates;
working with our project level lenders and financing parties to cure, or obtain waivers or forbearance of, defaults that have arisen under certain of our project level debt financings as a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy and delays in delivering project level audited financials;
resolving the pending commitment to acquire three operating power plants from BioTherm; and
seeking to optimize our portfolio and capital structure by financing or refinancing certain power plants, exiting certain markets or selling certain assets if we believe the opportunity would improve stockholder value.

While we remain focused on executing our near-term objectives, we also continue to pursue our long-term business strategy, which is to own, operate and grow our portfolio with assets that have proven technologies, creditworthy counterparties, low operating risks and stable cash flows in emerging markets with favorable investment attributes. In addition, in connection with this long-term strategy and the SunEdison Bankruptcy, our Board has initiated a process to explore and evaluate potential strategic alternatives to maximize stockholder value, which may include a merger or sale of our entire business.


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Factors that Significantly Affect our Results of Operations and Business
We expect that the following factors may significantly affect the Company’s results of operations and business:
Our Relationship with SunEdison and the SunEdison Bankruptcy
As discussed in “Business,” “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and other sections of this annual report, including our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto contained in this annual report, we currently depend significantly on SunEdison for operational, systems and staffing support, among other things. While we continue to evaluate SunEdison’s filings and will continue to monitor the conduct of the bankruptcy proceedings and work to assert any claims that we may have against SunEdison through those proceedings, the SunEdison Bankruptcy may have a material adverse effect on the Company given our reliance on SunEdison. No assurance can be given on the outcome of the SunEdison Bankruptcy or its impact on the Company.
The Company is not a part of the SunEdison Bankruptcy and does not rely substantially on SunEdison for funding or liquidity. The Company continues to participate actively in the SunEdison Bankruptcy proceedings, and the SunEdison Bankruptcy will continue to have a negative impact on the Company given our complex relationship with SunEdison.
SunEdison’s failure to perform substantially as obligated under its agreements with us may have a material adverse effect on the Company. Despite these adverse effects, the Company expects that it will be able to operate its business without the support of SunEdison pursuant to contingency plans that it is has developed and is in the process of implementing. These contingency plans include, among other things, establishing stand-alone information technology, accounting and other critical systems and infrastructure, establishing separate human resources systems and payroll arrangements, and seeking proposals for alternative O&M and asset management services for our power plants. Our business will be adversely affected to the extent we are unsuccessful in implementing these contingency plans.

Our relationship with SunEdison, the ongoing SunEdison Bankruptcy, the delay of this Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, the delay of our Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30, and September 30, 2016 and the conditions in the capital markets for our corporate level debt and equity securities have increased uncertainty and heightened some of the risks we face. Other aspects of the markets relevant to our business have remained relatively stable, including the expected performance of our power plants, long-term offtake agreements, and the credit quality of our offtakers. We have adjusted our plans and priorities in light of these developments according to our comprehensive contingency plan. While we remain focused on executing our near term objectives, we will continue to monitor market developments and consider further adjustments to our plans and priorities if required.
Exploration of Strategic Alternatives
On September 19, 2016, we announced that, at the recommendation of our Conflicts Committee, our Board has initiated a process to explore and evaluate potential strategic alternatives to maximize stockholder value, including a merger or sale of our entire business. We have entered into confidentiality arrangements with SunEdison and representatives of certain of its stakeholders to allow us to share confidential information about strategic alternatives and other matters. Certain strategic alternatives for us may require stockholder approval. Since SunEdison is operating under Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, many decisions made by SunEdison, such as how to vote its shares in Global to approve a merger or sale of substantially all of Global’s assets, may require the approval of the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York.
We also notified SunEdison that our Conflicts Committee is prepared to enter into discussions with SunEdison and/or its stakeholders to settle intercompany claims and defenses between us and SunEdison on a schedule that is consistent with our pursuit of strategic alternatives.
Our exploration of strategic alternatives involves certain risks and uncertainties, which may, among other things, disrupt our business or adversely impact our revenue, operating results and financial condition. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors - Risks Related to our Business - There can be no assurance that our exploration of strategic alternatives will result in any transaction being consummated, and speculation and uncertainty regarding the outcome of our exploration of strategic alternatives may adversely impact our business.” for additional information.


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Increasing Utilization of Clean Power Generation Sources
Clean energy has been one of the fastest growing sources of electricity generation globally over the past decade. We expect the renewable energy generation segment in particular to continue to offer growth opportunities driven by:
the competitive cost of most clean energy technologies and, most significantly, the ongoing reduction in the cost of clean energy, which will increase the number of markets that are trending toward grid parity;
the replacement of aging and conventional power plants in the face of increasing industry challenges, such as regulatory barriers, increasing costs of and difficulties in obtaining and maintaining applicable permits, and the decommissioning of certain types of conventional power plants, such as coal and nuclear facilities;
the ability to couple renewable power generation with other forms of power generation, creating a hybrid energy solution capable of providing energy on a 24/7 basis while reducing the average cost of electricity obtained through the system;
the effects of an aging transmission infrastructure and transmission and distribution charges that enable renewable energy generation sources located at a customer’s site, or “distributed generation,” to be more competitive with, or cheaper than, grid-supplied electricity;
the desire of energy consumers to lock in a predictable rate for long-term pricing of a reliable energy source;
renewable power generation’s ability to utilize freely available sources of fuel, thus avoiding the risks of price volatility and market disruptions associated with many conventional fuel sources;
environmental concerns over conventional power generation; and
government policies that encourage development of renewable power, such as national, provincial, state or local renewable portfolio standard programs, which motivate utilities to procure electricity from renewable resources.
In addition to renewable energy, management expects natural gas to grow as a source of electricity generation due to its relatively low cost and low environmental impact compared to other fossil fuel sources, such as coal and oil.
Project Operations and Generation
The Company's revenue is primarily a function of the volume of electricity generated and sold by its power plants. Our current portfolio of power plants is generally contracted under long-term PPAs with creditworthy counterparties. As of October 31, 2016, the weighted average remaining life of our PPAs was 17 years. In most instances, pricing of the electricity sold under these PPAs is contracted for the duration of the contract. Certain of our PPAs have price escalators based on an index (such as the consumer price index) or other rates specified in the applicable PPA, while other PPAs have a flat tariff for the term of the PPA.
Management defines “project availability” as the actual amount of time a power plant is available to produce electricity divided by the amount of time during the defined measurement period, after excluding the duration of events such as anticipated maintenance and interconnection interruptions. Our ability to generate electricity in an efficient and cost-effective manner is impacted by its ability to maintain and utilize the electrical generation capacity of its power plants. The volume of electricity generated and sold by our power plants during a particular period is also impacted by the number of projects that have commenced commercial operation, scheduled and unexpected repair and maintenance required to keep the power plants operational and other factors. Equipment performance often represents the primary factor affecting our operating results because equipment downtime impacts the volume of the electricity that the Company is able to generate from its power plants. We historically depended on affiliates of SunEdison for O&M and asset management services for our power plants. The performance of these services may be negatively impacted as a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, which may impact generation availability as a result of down-time and other delays in scheduled and unexpected repair and maintenance. We will continue to monitor the situation, and we are engaging in contingency planning intended to mitigate the impact of any disruption in these services. This contingency planning includes retention of key personnel, ensuring timely payments to vendors and subcontractors, and identifying alternative service providers.
The volume of electricity generated and sold by our power plants will also be negatively impacted if any facilities experience higher than normal downtime as a result of equipment failures, electrical grid disruption or curtailment, weather disruptions, short to medium term weather variations from long-term averages or other events beyond management’s control. Certain of our power plants have periodically experienced periods of curtailment by the grid company due to a lack of infrastructure and transmission capacity. Curtailment results in reduced tariff payments to the power plant as the facility is only entitled to receive payment for energy delivered to the grid companies.
Generally, over longer time periods, management expects that the Company's portfolio will exhibit less variability in generation compared to shorter periods. It is likely that we will experience more generation variability in monthly or quarterly production than it does for annual production due to the seasonal nature of wind and solar resources. As a result, periodic cash


79


flows and payout ratios will reflect more variability during periods shorter than a year. While we intend to reserve a portion of our cash available for distribution and maintain a revolving credit facility in order to, among other things, facilitate the payment of dividends to its stockholders, unpredicted variability in generation could result in variability of dividend payments to the extent the Company lacks sufficient reserves and liquidity.
The Company uses reliable and proven solar panels, inverters and other equipment for each of its solar power projects and quality wind turbines and other system components for each of its wind power projects. Management believes this significantly reduces the probability of unexpected equipment failures.
Seasonality
The amount of electricity produced and revenues generated by our solar power plants is dependent in part on the amount of sunlight, or irradiation, where the assets are located. Shorter daylight hours in winter months result in less irradiation and the generation produced by these power plants will vary depending on the season. Additionally, to the extent more of our solar power plants are located in either the northern or southern hemisphere, overall generation of our entire solar asset portfolio could be further impacted by seasonality. While we expect seasonal variability to occur, we expect aggregate seasonal variability to decrease if geographic diversity of our portfolio between the northern and southern hemisphere increases. We expect our current solar portfolio’s power generation to be at its lowest during the fourth quarter of each year as our assets are geographically concentrated in the northern hemisphere. Therefore, we expect our fourth quarter solar revenue generation to be lower than other quarters.
Similarly, the electricity produced and revenues generated by our wind power plants depend heavily on wind conditions, which are variable and difficult to predict. Operating results for wind power plants vary significantly from period to period depending on the wind conditions during the periods in question. As our wind power plants are located in geographies with different profiles, there is some flattening of the seasonal variability associated with each individual wind power plant's generation, and we expect that as the fleet expands the effect of such wind resource variability may be favorably impacted, although we cannot guarantee that we will purchase wind power plants that will achieve such results in part or at all. Historically, our wind production is greater in the first and fourth quarters which can partially offset the lower solar revenue expected to be generated in the fourth quarter.
Although we are currently deferring a decision on making dividend payments in the prudent conduct of our business, over time we intend to revert to a situation where we reserve a portion of our cash available for distribution and maintain sufficient liquidity, including cash on hand, in order to, among other things, facilitate the payment of dividends to our stockholders. As a result, over time we do not expect seasonality to have a material effect on the amount of our quarterly dividends.
Location of Power Generation Assets/Tax Repatriation
While the Company is a U.S. taxpayer, substantially all of the Company’s assets are located in foreign tax jurisdictions, and management expects that the Company will acquire additional power plants in foreign tax jurisdictions in the future. Changes in tax rates and the application of foreign tax withholding requirements in foreign jurisdictions where the Company owns power plants will impact the contribution from such assets to cash available for distribution. In order to minimize withholdings at the project level, cash from profits may be maintained at the foreign entity level for future acquisitions. Intercompany loans may be structured at a level to allow for the efficient flow of cash and to fund the dividend requirements.
Cash Distribution Restrictions
In many cases, the Company obtains project level financing for its power plants. These project level financing agreements typically restrict the ability of the Company’s project companies to distribute funds unless specific financial thresholds and operating reserves are satisfied on specified dates. Additionally, the project financing agreements for most of our Indian power plants require that we obtain lender consent prior to making any distributions or paying any dividends from the project company to us regardless of whether the other conditions of the financing agreement have been satisfied, and do not permit dividend payments until the expiry of a certain number of years from commercial operation date, or until full repayment of the facility. In addition, these financing arrangements also generally limit our ability to distribute funds to the Company if defaults have occurred or would occur with the giving of notice or the lapse of time, or both. As discussed above in Recent Developments - SunEdison Bankruptcy, the project level financing agreements for our two remaining levered power plants in India and our three power plants in South Africa contain provisions that provide the lenders with the right to accelerate debt maturity due to the SunEdison Bankruptcy because SunEdison is an original sponsor of the project and/or a party to certain material project agreements, such as O&M and EPC related contracts. In addition, certain audited financial statements at the project level have been delayed, which may create or may have already created defaults at the project level for our levered


80


power plants. If not cured or waived, this delay may restrict the ability of the project companies to make distributions to us or provide the lenders with the right to accelerate debt maturity. We are currently working with the applicable project lenders to obtain waivers and/or forbearance agreements as we seek to cure such defaults; however, no assurances can be given that such waivers and/or forbearance agreements will be obtained. While a project level loan is in default, or during a forbearance period if required by the applicable lenders, we do not expect to be able make distributions from our projects to the Company, reducing the cash available to fund our corporate level operating expenses and debt service on our Revolver and Senior Notes. Failure to receive these distributions for a meaningful period of time could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Existing Indebtedness
Our Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes do not include an event of default provision triggered by the SunEdison Bankruptcy. However, covenant defaults may occur in the future under the Company’s Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes in the event of further delays in the filing of our periodic reports with the SEC and potential violation of financial covenants. We have amended, or obtained waivers of, the relevant covenants in the Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes to avoid any such defaults as a result of the delays, including by extending the required filing date of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 through December 26, 2016 and, in the case of the indenture governing our Senior Notes, by extending the required filing dates of our Forms 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 and for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 through December 26, 2016 and early March 2017, respectively. There can be no assurance that we will be able to file our periodic reports (including our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 or Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2016 or any quarters thereafter) with the SEC within the periods currently required under our Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes. The Revolver also contains financial covenants that the Company is required to meet on a quarterly basis, and management projections indicate that the Company could violate the Revolver’s debt service coverage covenant during 2017 which, if the Revolver is not amended or terminated, could cause a default under the Revolver and, depending on the outstanding amount under the Revolver at the time of such default, a cross-default on the Senior Notes.
There can be no assurance that our lenders will agree to further extensions of financial statement filing dates or amendments to relevant covenants on acceptable terms or at all. As of December 20, 2016, the Revolver is undrawn, and in the event we are not able to cure or secure a waiver for a default under the Revolver, the Company’s available liquidity is sufficient to allow for the Revolver to be terminated, which would also avoid a cross-default on the Senior Notes. However, a default on the Senior Notes would permit the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding to accelerate the Senior Notes. The Company would likely not have sufficient liquidity to meet this obligation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay dividends. A default under the indenture governing our Senior Notes would also result in a cross-default under the Revolver that would permit the lenders holding more than 50% of the aggregate exposure under the Revolver to accelerate any outstanding principal amount of loans, terminate any outstanding letter of credit and terminate the outstanding commitments under our Revolver.
Access to Capital Markets
Our ability to acquire additional renewable energy power plants is dependent on our ability to borrow additional funds and access capital markets, including the project finance market for project level debt. At this time, the conditions in the capital markets for our corporate debt and equity securities have made it difficult to obtain corporate level financing in the capital markets at an attractive cost. Additionally, as a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy and our delayed Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2016, we may have difficulty accessing the project finance market for project level debt financing. If we are unable to raise adequate proceeds when needed to fund acquisitions, the ability to grow our portfolio may be limited, which could have an adverse effect on our ability to implement our growth strategy and, ultimately, our projected cash available for distribution, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Foreign Exchange
The Company’s operating results are reported in U.S. dollars. However, substantially all of the Company’s project level revenues and a significant portion of the Company's expenses are generated in currencies other than U.S. dollars (including Brazilian real, Chinese yuan renminbi, Indian rupee, Malaysian ringgit, South African rand and Thai baht). As a result, the Company’s revenues and expenses are exposed to foreign currency exchange fluctuations where its power plants are located. In certain instances, the Company uses currency forward contracts to minimize the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on our operating results and our investments. Management may use other derivative financial instruments, such as purchasing currency options, to minimize the Company’s net exposure to currency fluctuations. Following the IPO, management entered into currency forward contracts for approximately three years to mitigate the Company’s risk exposure to currency fluctuations with regard to projected cash available for distribution to shareholders. In addition, management entered


81


into currency forward contracts for investments that include the planned acquisitions and the repayment of project debt as specified in the Registration Statement. Net gains or net losses associated with these currency forward contracts have full or partial offsetting reductions or increases to cash available for distribution to shareholders and the investments. To the extent that significant debt is denominated in currencies other than local currency, the Company may limit its currency risk with respect to project level long-term debt by entering into fixed currency rate swap agreements that limit foreign exchange exposure.
Interest Rates
As of December 31, 2015, a significant portion of the Company’s project level long-term debt was borrowed at variable interest rates. In the future, management expects a substantial amount of the corporate and project level capital structure will also be financed with variable rate debt or similar arrangements. Management also expects that debt will be refinanced from time to time. If the Company incurs variable rate debt or refinances its fixed rate debt, changes in interest rates could have an adverse effect on the Company’s cost of capital. To limit our interest rate risk with respect to project level long-term variable rate debt, the Company has entered into interest rate swap agreements. Although we intend to use hedging strategies to mitigate our exposure to interest rate fluctuations, we may not be able to hedge all of our interest rate risk and, to the extent we enter into interest rate hedges, our hedges may not necessarily have the same duration as the associated indebtedness. Our exposure to interest rate fluctuations will depend on the amount of indebtedness that bears interest at variable rates, the time at which the interest rate is adjusted, the amount of the adjustment, our ability to prepay or refinance variable rate indebtedness when fixed rate debt matures and needs to be refinanced, hedging strategies we may use to reduce the impact of any increases in rates and the creditworthiness of our hedging counterparties.
Government Incentives
Each of the markets in which the Company expects to operate has established various incentives and financial mechanisms to support reimbursements of the cost of and accelerate the adoption of renewable energy. These incentives help catalyze private sector investments in renewable energy and efficiency measures. Such incentives are generally in the form of feed-in tariffs and other programs designed to facilitate the development, financing and operation of power plants, including solar and wind energy. The incentives are aimed at reducing the development costs of power plants or providing favorable contract prices for such renewable energy. The Company’s operations benefit from these government incentives, and any adverse change or termination of these incentives would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, a loss or reduction in such incentives may decrease the attractiveness of renewable energy projects to developers, which could reduce the Company’s acquisition opportunities.
Key Metrics
Operating Metrics
Net Capacity
The Company measures the electricity-generating production capacity of its power generation assets in net capacity (measured in megawatts of direct current, or “DC,” with respect to solar generation assets, and megawatts of alternating current, or “AC,” with respect to wind generation assets). Net capacity represents the rated generation capacity at standard test conditions of a power plant multiplied by either the Company’s percentage of economic ownership of that power plant after taking into account any redeemable preference shares and shareholder loans held by the Company or percentage of equity ownership of that power plant, as applicable. Rated capacity is the expected maximum output a power generation system can produce without exceeding its design limits. The size of the Company’s power generation assets varies significantly among the assets comprising the portfolio. Management believes the aggregate net capacity of the Company’s portfolio is indicative of the overall production capacity and period-to-period comparisons of net capacity are indicative of the growth rate of the Company’s business. In our Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2015, net capacity reflected a combination of equity and economic ownership. Net capacity as of December 31, 2015 has been updated to reflect net capacity based on economic ownership and net capacity based on equity ownership separately.
Project Availability
Project availability refers to the actual amount of time a power generation asset is available to produce electricity divided by the amount of time during the defined measurement period, after excluding the duration of events such as anticipated maintenance and interconnection interruptions. Management tracks project availability as a measure of the operational efficiency of the Company’s business.


82


Megawatt Hour Generation
Megawatt-hour (“MWh”) generation refers to the actual amount of electricity a power generator produces over a specific period of time. Management tracks the aggregate generation of the Company’s power generation assets as it is indicative of the periodic production of its business operations.
Megawatt Hours Sold
Megawatt-hours sold refers to the actual volume of electricity generated and sold by the Company’s power plants during a particular period. Management tracks megawatt-hours sold as an indicator of the ability to recognize revenue from the generation of electricity at the Company’s power plants. Our total MWh sold for the year ended December 31, 2015 was 1,055,640 MWh.
Consolidated Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2014
For all periods prior to the IPO, our consolidated results of operations represent the combination of TerraForm Global, Inc. and Global LLC, our accounting predecessor. For all periods subsequent to the IPO, the amounts shown in the table below represent the results of TerraForm Global, Inc., which consolidates Global LLC through its controlling interest. The results of the Company include the operating results of Global LLC for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 and $0.1 million of stock-based compensation expense. There was no similar expense recorded during the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. The following table illustrates the consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 compared to December 31, 2014:
 
Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)
2015
 
2014
Operating revenues, net
$
124,116

 
$
39,449

Operating costs and expenses:
 
 
 
Cost of operations
9,964

 
1,999

Cost of operations - affiliate
6,388

 
2,257

General and administrative expense
11,603

 
1,349

General and administrative expense - affiliate
20,668

 
10,850

Acquisition, formation and related costs
39,358

 

Depreciation, accretion and amortization expense
28,769

 
7,167

Provision for contingent loss on deposit for acquisitions
231,000

 

Total operating costs and expenses
347,750

 
23,622

Operating (loss) income
(223,634
)
 
15,827

Other expense (income):
 
 
 
Loss on extinguishment of debt, net
2,298

 

Interest expense, net
107,648

 
24,294

Gain on previously held equity investment
(1,426
)
 

Loss (gain) on foreign currency exchange, net
35,363

 
(4,038
)
Other income, net
(1,366
)
 
(1,090
)
Total other expenses, net
142,517

 
19,166

Loss before income tax expense
(366,151
)
 
(3,339
)
Income tax expense
4,858

 
1,700

Net loss
(371,009
)
 
$
(5,039
)
Less: Predecessor loss prior to initial public offering on August 5, 2015
(39,353
)
 
 
Net loss subsequent to initial public offering
(331,656
)
 
 
Less: Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests
(118,995
)
 
 
Net loss attributable to TerraForm Global, Inc. Class A common stockholders
$
(212,661
)
 
 


83


Operating Revenues, net
Operating revenues, net for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
Operating Revenues, net (in thousands, other than MW and GWh data)
 
2015
 
2014
 
Change
Solar energy
 
$
92,919

 
$
39,449

 
$
53,470

Wind energy
 
31,197

 

 
31,197

Total
 
$
124,116

 
$
39,449

 
$
84,667

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net capacity (MW)(1)(2)
 
854.4
 
118.1
 
736.3
GWh sold
 
1,055.6

 
157.9

 
897.7

(1)
Operational at end of period.
(2)
Net capacity represents the maximum generating capacity at standard test conditions of a facility multiplied by the Company’s percentage of economic ownership of that facility after taking into account any redeemable preference shares and stockholder loans the Company holds.
Operating revenues increased by $84.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to the same period in 2014, due to:
(In thousands)
 
Solar
 
Wind
 
Total
Increase in energy revenues from projects achieving commercial operation
 
$
12,659

 
$

 
$
12,659

Increase in energy revenues from acquisitions of operating power plants from third parties
 
16,641

 
31,197

 
47,838

Existing power plant revenue
 
24,170

 

 
24,170

 
 
$
53,470

 
$
31,197

 
$
84,667

Costs of Operations
Costs of operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
Cost of operations (in thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
 
Change
Cost of operations
 
$
9,964

 
$
1,999

 
$
7,965

Cost of operations - affiliate
 
6,388

 
2,257

 
4,131

Total cost of operations
 
$
16,352

 
$
4,256


$
12,096

Costs of operations increased by $8.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to the same period in 2014, due to:
(In thousands)
 
Solar
 
Wind
 
Total
Increase in cost of operations relating to new power plants (1)
 
$
560

 
$
7,847

 
$
8,407

Existing power plant cost of operations and other
 
(442
)
 

 
(442
)
 
 
$
118

 
$
7,847

 
$
7,965

(1)
Includes third party acquisitions and dropdowns from SunEdison that reached commercial operation date during the year ended December 31, 2015.


84


Cost of operations - affiliate increased by $4.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to the same period in 2014, due to:
(In thousands)
 
Solar
 
Wind
 
Total
Increase in cost of operations - affiliate relating to new power plants (1)
 
$
2,570

 
$
64

 
$
2,634

Existing power plant cost of operations - affiliate and other
 
1,496

 

 
1,496

 
 
$
4,066

 
$
64

 
$
4,131

(1)
Includes third party acquisitions and dropdowns from SunEdison that reached commercial operation date during the year ended December 31, 2015.
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
(In thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
 
Change
General and administrative
 
$
11,603

 
$
1,349

 
$
10,254

General and administrative - affiliate
 
20,668

 
10,850

 
9,818

Total general and administrative
 
$
32,271

 
$
12,199

 
$
20,072

General and administrative expense increased by $10.3 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2014 due to:
(In thousands)
 
General and administrative
Increased corporate costs due to growth and additional costs related to being a public company
 
$
3,760

Increased project level costs related to acquiring more power plants
 
3,396

Other project level costs
 
3,098

 
 
$
10,254

General and administrative—affiliate expense increased by $9.8 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2014 due to:
(In thousands)
 
General and administrative - affiliate
Increased corporate costs due to growth and additional costs related to being a public company
 
$
9,818

Increased project level costs related to acquiring more power plants
 
$

Other project level costs
 
$

 
 
$
9,818

We have historically depended significantly on SunEdison for important corporate, project, and other services, including many management services under the MSA (such as management, secretarial, accounting, banking, treasury, administrative, regulatory and reporting functions; recommending and implementing business strategy; maintenance of books and records; calculation and payment of taxes; and preparation of audited and unaudited financial statements), as well as asset management and O&M for most of our projects. We are in the process of establishing a stand-alone organization to replace the services provided by SunEdison. We expect to incur higher costs associated with performing these services ourselves or hiring substitute providers than the fees we paid under the MSA. However, we expect to be able to continue to operate our business pursuant to contingency plans that we have been developing.
Because of this reliance on SunEdison, the SunEdison Bankruptcy has created substantial risks to our business, operations and financial condition.


85


The SunEdison Bankruptcy could result in a liquidation of SunEdison, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition in light of our ongoing utilization of SunEdison for business and operational services and projects. A disorganized liquidation would increase the risk of a material adverse effect on our business.    
Acquisition and Related Costs
Acquisition, formation and related costs totaled $39.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. These costs were related to the IPO and formation and acquisition costs associated with the acquisitions completed and pending completion as of December 31, 2015. There were no such costs incurred during the year ended December 31, 2014.
Depreciation, Accretion and Amortization
Depreciation, accretion and amortization expense increased $21.6 million during the year to $28.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 due to additional projects achieving commercial operation and additional power plants acquired compared to the year ended December 31, 2014.
Provision for Contingent Loss on Deposit for Acquisitions
Provision for contingent loss on deposit for acquisitions totaled $231.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. See Item 15. Note 5 - Deposits for Acquisitions for information regarding the 425 MW India Projects. During 2016, the Company became aware that there is a substantial risk that the 425 MW India Projects may not be completed and transferred to the Company in accordance with the India PSA. In April 2016, the Company filed a verified complaint against SunEdison (see Item 15. Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies). The complaint asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duty, breach of contract and unjust enrichment relating to the failure by SunEdison to transfer the equity interests in the 425 MW India Projects. In addition, during April 2016, SunEdison filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. The Company determined that the deposit for acquisition of the 425 MW India Projects was not realizable as of December 31, 2015 and recorded a provision for contingent loss of $231.0 million. There were no such costs incurred during the year ended December 31, 2014.
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt, net
A loss on the extinguishment of debt, net of $2.3 million was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2015, primarily due to the prepayment and termination of project level indebtedness related to several power plants and repurchase of the Senior Notes. There were no extinguishments of debt during the year ended December 31, 2014.
Interest Expense, net
Interest expense, net was $107.6 million and $24.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, an increase of $83.4 million. The increase was primarily due to interest and amortization of deferred financing costs under our Bridge Facility, which was drawn in December 2014 and outstanding through the second quarter of 2015, and the Senior Notes issued during the third quarter of 2015.
Loss on Foreign Currency Exchange, net
Net loss on foreign currency exchange was $35.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 versus a gain of $4.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, a change of $39.4 million. This increased net loss is primarily due to new hedging activities initiated as of the IPO. Components of loss (gain) are as follows:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
(in thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
 
Change
Foreign currency forward contracts loss (gain)
 
 
 
 
 


Investment in power plants
 
$
60,821

 
$

 
$
60,821

Cash generated by foreign subsidiaries
 
(27,679
)
 

 
(27,679
)
 
 
$
33,142

 
$

 
$
33,142

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Plant assets and liabilities denominated in other currencies
 
2,221

 
(4,038
)
 
6,259

Total loss (gain) on foreign currency exchange, net
 
$
35,363

 
$
(4,038
)
 
$
39,401



86


The foreign currency net loss relating to investments in power plants is partially offset by the lower cost associated with certain acquisitions and debt extinguishment. The fair value of our outstanding foreign currency forward contracts was a net asset of $21.4 million as of December 31, 2015.
During the quarter ended December 31, 2015, we realized a net loss of $54.5 million on foreign currency forward contracts that matured during that quarter resulting from the devaluation of the Brazilian real, Chinese yuan renminbi, Indian rupee, Malaysian ringgit, South African rand and Thai baht as compared to the U.S. dollar. This $54.5 million net loss is attributed as: (i) a net gain of $4.6 million on forward contracts associated with current period cash flows; and (ii) a net loss of $59.1 million on forward contracts that hedge the purchase of foreign currencies for investments in acquisitions and debt extinguishments.
Other Income, net
Other income, net was not material for the year ended December 31, 2015 or 2014.
Income Tax Expense
The income tax expense was $4.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $1.7 million of income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2014. Tax expense increased year over year primarily due to increased profits in jurisdictions, which were not offset by current or accumulated losses. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the overall effective tax rate was different than the statutory rate of 35% primarily due to a valuation allowance in our U.S. and foreign jurisdictions as well as non-allocable partnership losses.
Year ended December 31, 2014 Compared to Year ended December 31, 2013
The following table illustrates the consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2014 compared to December 31, 2013:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)
 
2014
 
2013
Operating revenues, net
 
$
39,449

 
$
22,196

Operating costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
Cost of operations
 
1,999

 
355

Cost of operations - affiliate
 
2,257

 
1,311

General and administrative expense
 
1,349

 
1,047

General and administrative expense - affiliate
 
10,850

 
4,790

Depreciation, accretion and amortization expense
 
7,167

 
4,785

Total operating costs and expenses
 
23,622

 
12,288

Operating (loss) income
 
15,827

 
9,908

Other expense (income):
 
 
 
 
Interest expense, net
 
24,294

 
11,812

Loss (gain) on foreign currency exchange, net
 
(4,038
)
 
2,247

Other income, net
 
(1,090
)
 
(223
)
Total other expenses, net
 
19,166

 
13,836

Loss before income tax expense
 
(3,339
)
 
(3,928
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
 
1,700

 
(1,651
)
Net loss
 
$
(5,039
)
 
$
(2,277
)



87


Operating Revenues, net
Operating revenues, net for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
Operating Revenues, net (in thousands, other than MW and GWh data)
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Solar energy
 
$
39,449

 
$
22,196

 
$
17,253

 
 
 
 
 
 

Net capacity (MW)(1)(2)
 
118.1

 
74.6

 
43.5

GWh sold
 
157.9

 
109.5

 
48.4

(1)
Operational at end of period.
(2)
Net capacity represents the maximum generating capacity at standard test conditions of a facility multiplied by the Company’s percentage of economic ownership of that facility after taking into account any redeemable preference shares and stockholder loans the Company holds.
Operating revenues, net increased by $17.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to the same period in 2013, due to:
(In thousands)
Solar
Increase in energy revenues from projects achieving commercial operation during 2014
$
8,377

Increase from power plants with first full year of operation in 2014
7,997

Existing power plant energy revenue
879

 
$
17,253

Costs of Operations
Costs of operations for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
Cost of operations (in thousands)
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Cost of operations
 
$
1,999

 
$
355

 
$
1,644

Cost of operations - affiliate
 
2,257

 
1,311

 
946

Total cost of operations
 
$
4,256

 
$
1,666


$
2,590

Total cost of operations increased $2.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to the same period in 2013, due to:
(In thousands)
Solar
Increase in cost of operations relating to new power plants (1)
$
657

Existing power plant cost of operations
1,933

 
$
2,590

(1)
Includes third party acquisitions and dropdowns from SunEdison that reached commercial operation during the year ended December 31, 2014.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expense for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
(In thousands)
2014
 
2013
 
Change
General and administrative
$
1,349

 
$
1,047

 
$
302

General and administrative - affiliate
10,850

 
4,790

 
6,060

   Total general and administrative expense
$
12,199

 
$
5,837

 
$
6,362



88


Total general and administrative increased $6.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to the same period in 2013, due to:
(In thousands)
Solar
Increase in cost of corporate allocation relating to power plants approaching commercial operation (1)
$
2,748

Increase in cost of corporate allocation relating to power plants achieving commercial operation
3,585

Other general and administrative costs
29

 
$
6,362

(1) Includes power plants reaching commercial operation in Q1 2015
Depreciation, Accretion and Amortization
Depreciation, accretion and amortization expense increased by $2.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2014, to $7.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 due to projects achieving commercial operation and additional power plants acquired compared to prior year.
Interest Expense, net
Interest expense, net was $24.3 million and $11.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, an increase of $12.5 million. The increase was primarily due to increases in term debt as projects were constructed.
Gain and Loss on Foreign Currency Exchange
Gain on foreign currency exchange was $4.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 versus a loss of $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, a change of $6.3 million. The gain on foreign currency exchange for the year ended December 31, 2014 was largely the result of $4.9 million gain on the South African Rand offset by a $0.5 million loss of the Indian rupee and $0.3 million of Malaysian ringgit. The loss on foreign currency exchange for the year ended December 31, 2013 was largely the result of $2.5 million loss of the India rupee and a $0.2 million loss on the Malaysian ringgit.
Other Income, net
Other income, net was not material for the year ended December 31, 2014 or 2013.
Income Tax Expense
The income tax expense was $1.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 and a benefit of $1.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. For the year ended December 31, 2014, the overall effective tax rate was different than the statutory rate of 35.0% primarily due to the recording of a valuation allowance on certain tax benefits attributed to the Company; the benefit in 2013 differed from the statutory rate of 35.0% primarily due to lower statutory income tax rates in our foreign jurisdictions. Income tax expense results from profitable operations in certain foreign jurisdictions which were not offset by losses in other jurisdictions due to tax regulations.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company’s principal liquidity requirements are to finance current operations, service debt and, as if and when declared by the Company, to fund cash dividends to investors. We will also use capital in the future to finance expansion capital expenditures and acquisitions. As a normal part of the Company’s business, we have in the past and may from time to time seek to repurchase our outstanding securities through tender offers, open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual and legal restrictions and other factors. Changes in operating plans, lower than anticipated electricity sales, increased expenses, acquisitions or other events may cause management to seek additional debt or equity financing in future periods. We are a newly independent company, and there can be no guarantee that financing will be available on acceptable terms or at all. Debt financing, if available, could impose additional cash payment obligations and additional covenants and operating restrictions. Equity financing, if any, could result in the dilution of existing stockholders and make it more difficult to maintain our dividend policy.
Liquidity Position
Total liquidity as of October 31, 2016 was approximately $0.7 billion of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents. The unrestricted cash and cash equivalents balance as of October 31, 2016 is comprised of $567.9 million and $110.0 million


89


unrestricted cash and cash equivalents at the corporate and projects level, respectively. Unrestricted cash held at our project companies is available for project expenses but not available for corporate use. Total corporate liquidity excludes availability under the Revolver. As discussed under “Item 1. Business - Revolving Credit Facility and Senior Notes due 2022” above, on September 2, 2016, Global Operating LLC entered into a second supplemental indenture to the indenture governing the Senior Notes, under which Global Operating LLC agreed to repay the borrowing currently outstanding (other than the outstanding letters of credit) under the Revolver, as well as to restrictions on the ability of Global Operating LLC to further borrow under the Revolver until the earlier of March 8, 2017 or such time as SunEdison and its subsidiaries (other than the Company, TerraForm Power, Inc. and their respective subsidiaries) have disposed of all or substantially all of their equity interests in the Company and an offer has been made to repurchase the Senior Notes at a purchase price in cash at least equal to 101% of the applicable principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, to the repurchase date (or a binding agreement to make such an offer has been entered into). As a result, the $350.0 million of availability under our Revolver is not included in our liquidity position as of October 31, 2016. Management believes that the Company’s liquidity position and cash flows from operations will be adequate to finance operating and maintenance capital expenditures, service debt and other liquidity commitments. Management continues to regularly monitor the Company’s ability to finance the needs of the operating, financing and investing activities of our business in light of current conditions affecting us and within the dictates of prudent balance sheet management.    
Sources of Liquidity
The Company’s principal sources of liquidity include unrestricted cash, cash generated from operations, borrowings under new and existing financing arrangements and the issuance of additional equity and debt securities. We are currently limited in our ability to access the capital markets for our debt and equity securities at costs that are attractive to us. We expect that sources of funds that are available to us, including cash on hand and cash generated from our operations, will be adequate to provide for the Company’s short-term and long-term liquidity needs. The Company’s ability to meet its debt service obligations and other capital requirements, including capital expenditures, as well as make acquisitions, will depend on the Company’s future operating performance which, in turn, will be subject to general economic, financial, business, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other conditions, many of which are beyond our control.
Uses of Liquidity
The Company’s principal requirements for liquidity and capital resources, other than for operating its business, can generally be categorized by the following: (i) debt service obligations; (ii) funding acquisitions, if any; and (iii) if and when declared by the Company, cash dividends to stockholders. Generally, once commercial operation is reached, solar and wind power plants do not require significant capital expenditures to maintain operating performance. As of December 31, 2015, the cash consideration to be paid on account of our pending acquisitions was approximately $56.3 million. As of October 31, 2016, the Company has paid $35.4 million in relation to the pending acquisitions and the remaining amounts are still due. In addition, in April 2016, we used an additional $23.6 million to repay in full the project level indebtedness of the NSM 24 power plant. Prior to this repayment, the Company was in default on this project level indebtedness, however a waiver had been obtained through December 31, 2016. On September 8, 2016, the Company repaid $135.0 million loans outstanding under the Revolver.
Debt Service Obligations
The aggregate amounts of payments on long-term debt due after December 31, 2015 excluding amortization of debt discounts and premiums, as stated in the financing agreements, are as follows:
 
 
Maturities
(In thousands)
 
2016 (1)
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019
 
2020
 
Thereafter
 
Total
Maturities of long-term debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
135,000

 
$

 
$
801,395

 
$
936,395

Project level
 
11,044

 
10,721

 
10,079

 
13,555

 
17,318

 
310,223

 
372,940

Total
 
11,044

 
10,721

 
10,079

 
148,555

 
17,318

 
1,111,618

 
1,309,335

(1)
Represents the contractual principal payment due dates for our long-term debt and does not reflect the reclassification of $319.0 million of long-term debt to current as a result of debt defaults under a portion of our non-recourse financing agreements.
Certain of our project level financing agreements contain provisions that provide the lenders with the right to accelerate debt maturity as a result of non-compliance with loan covenants. Therefore, these debt balances were reclassified from long-term to current as of December 31, 2015. We are currently working with the applicable project lenders to obtain


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waivers and/or forbearance agreements as we seek to cure such defaults; however, no assurances can be given that such waivers and/or forbearance agreements will be obtained.
Acquisitions
See “Item 1. Business—Acquisitions” above for additional information relating to the Company’s acquisitions, including transfers by SunEdison or third parties to the Company of additional equity interests in various renewable energy projects. The Company expects to continue to acquire additional renewable energy assets. However, other than the BioTherm transaction discussed elsewhere in this annual report, the Company has no commitments to make any such acquisitions.
Interest Payment Agreement
Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO on August 5, 2015, Global LLC and Global Operating LLC entered into an interest payment agreement (the “Interest Payment Agreement”) with SunEdison and Holdings, pursuant to which SunEdison agreed to pay an aggregate amount equal to all of the scheduled interest of up to $81.2 million on Global Operating LLC’s Senior Notes through December 31, 2016 and up to an aggregate amount of $40.0 million in 2017, $30.0 million in 2018, $20.0 million in 2019 and $10.0 million in 2020, plus any interest due on any payment not remitted when due. SunEdison’s interest support payments due to the Company have been reduced by $2.9 million as a result of the $49.6 million of the Senior Notes that were extinguished under the open market repurchase program that began in December 2015 and continued through January 2016. SunEdison will not be obligated to pay any amounts due under the Senior Notes in connection with an acceleration of the payment of the principal amount of such indebtedness.
Upon expiration of the Distribution Forbearance Period (as defined in Item 15. Note 18 - Related Parties), Global LLC will be entitled to set off any amounts owing by SunEdison pursuant to the Interest Payment Agreement against any and all amounts owed by Global LLC to SunEdison under the distribution provisions of the Fourth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Global LLC (the “Global LLC Operating Agreement”), and Global LLC may pay such amounts to Global Operating LLC. For the year ended December 31, 2015, SunEdison was not required to contribute capital to fund interest on the Senior Notes or credit facility payments.
The Interest Payment Agreement terminates upon payment by SunEdison of all amounts owing thereunder. It may, however, be terminated prior to that by mutual written agreement of SunEdison and Global Operating LLC and will automatically terminate upon the repayment in full of the outstanding principal amount of the Senior Notes or a change of control of the Company, Global LLC or Global Operating LLC. The agreement may also be terminated at the election of SunEdison, Global LLC or Global Operating LLC if any of them experiences certain events relating to bankruptcy or insolvency. Any decision by Global LLC or Global Operating LLC to terminate the Interest Payment Agreement must have the prior approval of the Company’s Conflicts Committee.
On July 29, 2016, the Company received a notice from SunEdison purporting to terminate the Interest Payment Agreement. The notice alleges that SunEdison's bankruptcy permits termination as of right without following the bankruptcy procedures for rejection of executory contracts. Although we do not expect SunEdison to perform under the Interest Payment Agreement going forward, the Company is contesting the purported termination of the Interest Payment Agreement, believes that the termination notice is invalid, and is asserting a claim in the SunEdison Bankruptcy for the full amount of damages resulting from SunEdison’s breach of the Interest Payment Agreement.
Cash Dividends to Investors
Our quarterly dividend was initially set at $0.275 per share of our Class A common stock, or $1.100 per share on an annualized basis, and the amount may be changed in the future without advance notice. With respect to our first declared dividend payable on December 15, 2015 to stockholders of record on December 1, 2015, we paid a pro-rated initial dividend of $0.1704 per share.
If and when we believe it is prudent to do so, we intend to cause Global LLC to distribute to its unit holders in the form of a quarterly distribution a portion of the cash available for distribution that is generated each quarter, after appropriate reserves for our working capital needs and the prudent conduct of our business. In turn, we expect to use the amount of cash available for distribution that we receive from such distribution to pay quarterly dividends to the holders of our Class A common stock. The cash available for distribution is likely to fluctuate from quarter to quarter and in some cases significantly if any power plants experience higher than normal downtime as a result of equipment failures, electrical grid disruption or curtailment, weather disruptions or other events beyond our control. We expect our dividend payout ratio to vary as we intend to maintain or increase our dividend despite variations in our cash available for distribution from period to period. The amount of cash available for distribution from period to period may also be adversely affected by other factors, such as SunEdison’s failure to perform substantially as obligated under its agreements with us, including the Interest Payment Agreement. As a


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result of the notice from SunEdison purporting to terminate the Interest Payment Agreement in July 2016, we do not expect SunEdison to perform under the Interest Payment Agreement going forward, including its obligation to pay to us up to an aggregate amount of $40.0 million in 2017, $30.0 million in 2018, $20.0 million in 2019 and $10.0 million in 2020, plus any interest due on any payment not remitted when due. See “- Liquidity and Capital Resources - Interest Payment Agreement” above. We also expect to incur higher costs as we transition away from our historic dependence on SunEdison for corporate, management, administrative, project and other services and perform these services ourselves or hire substitute providers. See “- Consolidated Results of Operations - Year Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2014 - General and Administrative Expense” above. In addition, our exploration of strategic alternatives involves certain risks and uncertainties, which may, among other things, disrupt our business or adversely impact our revenue, operating results and financial condition. For additional information on these and other factors that may adversely affect the amount of cash available for distribution and, in turn, our ability to pay any dividend in future periods, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors - Risks Inherent in an Investment in TerraForm Global, Inc. - We may not be able to pay comparable or growing cash dividends to holders of our Class A common stock in the future.” Please refer to the disclosures included elsewhere in this annual report on Form 10-K (including those under Item 1A. Risk Factors) for additional information about the adverse impact of the SunEdison Bankruptcy on us and other risks and uncertainties we face.
Global LLC is a holding company and will be dependent on receiving cash distributions from Global Operating LLC in order to fund quarterly distributions to its unit holders, including the Company. Global Operating LLC is also a holding company and will in turn be dependent on receiving cash distributions from its project companies to fund any distributions to Global LLC. The ability of such project companies to make cash distributions to Global Operating LLC may be restricted by, among other things, the provisions of existing and future indebtedness or other financing agreements, applicable national, provincial, state and local corporation laws and other laws and regulations, such as capital controls that either restrict investment by foreign sources, restrict the transfer of capital to foreign recipients, or both. Some of the jurisdictions in which the power plants in our portfolio are located impose material limitations on their ability to make cash distributions to Global Operating LLC.
On February 29, 2016, the Company declared a dividend for the fourth quarter of 2015 on the Company’s Class A common stock of $0.275 per share, or $1.100 per share on an annualized basis.  The dividend was paid on March 17, 2016 to stockholders of record as of March 10, 2016. No dividends were paid to SunEdison on its Class B common stock in light of SunEdison’s unpaid liabilities to the Company. We have not declared or paid a dividend for the first, second, or third quarter of 2016. As a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, the limitations on our ability to access the capital markets for our corporate debt and equity securities, and other risks that we face as detailed in this annual report, we believe it is prudent to defer any decisions on paying dividends to our stockholders for the time being.
Cash Flow Discussion
We use traditional measures of cash flow, including net cash used in operating activities, net cash used in investing activities and net cash provided by financing activities to evaluate our periodic cash flow results.
Year Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2014
The following table reflects the changes in cash flows for the comparative periods:
(In thousands)
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
Change
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
9,621

 
$
15,060

 
$
(5,439
)
Net cash used in investing activities
 
(752,464
)
 
(231,853
)
 
(520,611
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
 
1,536,959

 
365,519

 
1,171,440

Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $9.6 million, compared to net cash provided by operating activities for year ended December 31, 2014 of $15.1 million. The decrease in net cash used in operations of $5.4 million was primarily driven by increased operating costs paid due to additional projects reaching commercial operation and acquisitions.
Net Cash Used In Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $752.5 million, compared to net cash used in operating activities for year ended December 31, 2014 of $231.9 million. The increase in net cash used in investing


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activities of $520.6 million was driven by $266.0 million of cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired, related to Honiton, NSM 24, Witkop/Soutpan and Renova (Bahia and Salvador) and $276.4 million of cash paid for deposit for acquisitions, partially offset by other activity.
Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was $1,537.0 million and $365.5 million, respectively. The increase in net cash provided by financing activities of $1,171.4 million was driven by $624.0 million in proceeds from the IPO, $549.1 million in proceeds from the Private Placements, $799.9 million of net proceeds from the 2022 Senior Notes, $135.0 million in proceeds from the Revolver, partially offset by increased net principal repayments of $300.0 million on the Bridge facility and an additional $467.2 million of repayments of project level term debt facilities, combined with decreased borrowings at the project level of $173.5 million.
Year Ended December 31, 2014 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2013
The following table reflects the changes in cash flows for the comparative periods:
(In thousands)
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2014
 
2013
 
Change
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
 
$
15,060

 
$
(16,972
)
 
$
32,032

Net cash used in investing activities
 
(231,853
)
 
(101,953
)
 
(129,900
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
 
365,519

 
118,639

 
246,880

Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities
The change to net cash provided by operating activities is primarily driven by the timing of cash payments to SunEdison and affiliates for reimbursement of operating expenses paid by the same or other affiliates of SunEdison.
Net Cash Used In Investing Activities
The change to net cash used in investing activities is driven by capital expenditures related to the third party acquisitions of solar power plants and changes in restricted cash in accordance with the restrictions in our debt agreements.
Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities
The change in net cash provided by financing activities is primarily driven by proceeds from our $150.0 million Bridge Facility, leading to increased term debt financing proceeds of $135.0 million, which were partially offset by reduced net contributions from SunEdison.
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
We have a variety of contractual obligations and other commercial commitments that represent prospective cash requirements. The following table summarizes our outstanding contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of December 31, 2015.
(in thousands)
 
Payment due by Period
Contractual Cash Obligations
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019
 
2020
 
Thereafter
 
Total
Long-term debt (principal) (1)
 
$
11,044

 
$
10,721

 
$
10,079

 
$
148,555

 
$
17,318

 
$
1,111,618

 
$
1,309,335

Long-term debt (interest) (2)
 
126,887

 
125,013

 
123,905

 
121,066

 
117,045

 
516,140

 
1,130,056

Purchase obligations (3)
 
44,250

 
42,801

 
34,376

 
25,473

 
26,731

 
65,075

 
238,706

Operating leases
 
1,339

 
1,385

 
1,334

 
1,293

 
1,337

 
40,611

 
47,299

Management services agreement (4)
 
7,000

 


 


 


 
 
 
 
 
7,000

Total contractual obligations
 
$
190,520

 
$
179,920

 
$
169,694

 
$
296,387

 
$
162,431

 
$
1,733,444

 
$
2,732,396

(1) These amounts include the remaining $801.4 million of the Senior Notes, $135 million drawn on the Revolver, and $372.9 million of non-recourse project level debt as of December 31, 2015.
(2) Includes fixed rate interest and variable rate interest using December 31, 2015 rates.
(3) Consists primarily of contractual payments due for O&M services and asset management services.
(4) 2.5% of the Company’s cash available for distribution in 2016, 2017 and 2018, and an amount equal to SunEdison’s or other service provider’s actual cost in 2019 and thereafter.


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In January 2016, the Company repurchased $41.0 million principal amount of the Senior Notes pursuant to its open market repurchase program, resulting in total repurchases of $49.6 million principal amount of the Senior Notes under that program. On September 8, 2016, the Company repaid the $135.0 million outstanding under the Revolver.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of December 31, 2015, the Company had one outstanding $0.5 million letter of credit issued under the terms of the Revolver, which was issued in support of the Alto Cielo acquisition.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires us to make estimates and assumptions in certain circumstances that affect amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related footnotes. In preparing these financial statements, management has made its best estimates of certain amounts included in the financial statements. Application of these accounting policies and estimates, however, involves the exercise of judgment and use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates. In arriving at our critical accounting estimates, factors considered were how accurate the estimate or assumptions have been in the past, how much the estimate or assumptions have changed and how reasonably likely such change may have a material impact. Our critical accounting policies and estimates are more fully described in Item 15. Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the Company’s financial statements and notes thereto as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 and for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, included in Item 15. Financial Statements and Exhibits. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates since December 31, 2015. Our critical accounting policies are discussed below.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash consists of cash on deposit in financial institutions that is restricted to satisfy the requirements of certain debt and acquisition agreements and funds held within the Company's project companies that are restricted for current debt service payments and other purposes in accordance with the applicable debt agreements. These restrictions include: (i) cash on deposit in collateral accounts, debt service reserve accounts, and maintenance reserve accounts; and (ii) cash on deposit in operating accounts but subject to distribution restrictions due to debt defaults as of the balance sheet date.
Cash Committed for Construction Projects
Cash committed for construction projects includes loan proceeds deposited into bank accounts in the normal course of business for general use only in the operations of the project company to build power plants. The loan proceeds cannot be used by other project companies or for general corporate purposes and is therefore considered restricted. In certain instances, withdrawal of such funds may only occur after certain milestones are met or expenditures during construction have been incurred and approved by the lender in accordance with the terms of the debt agreement. Approvals for the disbursement of such funds are typically received based on support for the qualified expenditures related to the projects provided there are no conditions of default under the loans.
Viability Gap Funding Subsidies

Four of our solar power plants in India (NSM Suryalabh, NSM Sitara, NSM L'Volta and Focal) are entitled to receive viability gap funding support in an amount determined through a competitive bidding process. The viability gap funding support is funded by India’s National Clean Energy Fund and is paid by the offtake counterparty to these solar power plants, the Solar Energy Corporation of India (“SECI”), a not-for-profit company established by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy to facilitate solar energy generation capacity in India. The program is expected to provide viability gap funding subsidies to the applicable four solar power plants in the aggregate amount of INR 1,189.4 million, 50% of which is payable as early as three months after each power plant's commissioning, and 10% of which is payable each year for five years thereafter, subject to the plant meeting certain requirements. SECI is contractually obligated to establish an irrevocable letter of credit to secure its payment obligations under the PPA. Additionally, SECI is required to hypothecate the revenues it receives under its back-to-back power sale agreement with local utilities to the project.
The Company recorded the awarded viability gap funding in full as a reduction to the cost of power plants in service, with a $10.7 million receivable included in current other assets, and $7.1 million included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015. The current portion of the viability gap funding includes the initial 50.0% receivable following the solar power plant’s commercial operation date and the 10.0% receivable in first year thereafter. The initial 50.0%


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receivable, or $8.9 million, was received in cash subsequent to December 31, 2015. The remaining portion of the current receivable is due before December 31, 2016.
Deferred Financing Costs
Financing costs incurred in connection with obtaining construction and term financing are deferred and amortized over the maturities of the respective financing agreements using the effective-interest method. Amortization of deferred financing costs is capitalized during construction and recorded as interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations following commencement of commercial operation. Deferred financing costs capitalized for the year ended December 31, 2015 were $42.7 million. Deferred financing costs capitalized during construction for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were not material. Amortization of deferred financing costs recorded as interest expense was $21.2 million, $1.1 million and $0.8 million during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Asset Retirement Obligations
The Company operates under Power Purchase Agreements (“PPAs”) with a limited number of customers that include a requirement for the removal of the power plants at the end of the term of the agreement. Asset retirement obligations are recognized at fair value in the period in which they are incurred and the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset is correspondingly increased. Over time, the liability is accreted to its expected future value. The corresponding power plant is capitalized at inception and is depreciated over its useful life.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which requires that it use the asset and liability method of accounting for deferred income taxes and provides deferred income taxes for all significant temporary differences.
The Company reports certain of its revenues and expenses differently for financial statement purposes than for income tax return purposes, resulting in temporary and permanent differences between the Company’s financial statements and income tax returns. The tax effects of such temporary differences are recorded as either deferred income tax assets or deferred income tax liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company measures its deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities using income tax rates that are currently in effect. The Company believes it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income which includes the future reversal of existing taxable temporary differences to realize deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowances. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the net deferred tax assets to an amount that is more-likely-than-not to be realized.
Tax benefits are recognized when it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination by the authorities. The benefit recognized from a position that has surpassed the more-likely-than-not threshold is the largest amount of benefit that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to uncertain tax benefits as a component of income tax expense.
Changes to existing net deferred tax assets or valuation allowances or changes to uncertain tax benefits are recorded to income tax expense.
Foreign Operations
The Company’s reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. Certain of our subsidiaries maintain their records in local currencies other than the U.S. dollar, which are their functional currencies. When a subsidiary’s local currency is considered its functional currency, we translate its assets and liabilities to U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, and its revenue and expense accounts to U.S. dollars at average exchange rates for the period. Translation adjustments are reported in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income in stockholders’ equity.
Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions and balances denominated in a currency other than the functional currency and the changes in fair value of our foreign exchange derivative contracts not accounted for under hedge accounting are included in results from operations as incurred. Foreign currency transaction losses (gains) included in other income were $35.4 million, $(4.0) million and $2.2 million during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.


95


Business Combinations
The Company accounts for its business combinations by recognizing in the financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interests in the acquired assets at fair value at the acquisition date. The Company also recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired or a gain from a bargain purchase in the business combination and determines what information to disclose to enable users of an entity’s financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. In addition, acquisition costs are expensed as incurred.
When the Company acquires power plants, the purchase price is allocated to (i) the acquired tangible assets and liabilities assumed, primarily consisting of land, plant, and long-term debt, (ii) the identified intangible assets and liabilities, consisting of the value of above-market and below-market power purchase agreements and in-place power purchase agreements, (iii) non-controlling interests, and (iv) other working capital items based in each case on their fair values in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”). All expenses related to acquisition costs related to business combinations are expensed as incurred.
The Company generally uses independent appraisers to assist with the estimates and methodologies used such as a replacement cost approach, an income approach, or excess earnings approach. Factors considered by the Company in its analysis include considering current market conditions and costs to construct similar facilities. The Company also considers information obtained about each property as a result of our pre-acquisition due diligence in estimating the fair value of the tangible and identified intangible assets and liabilities acquired or assumed. In estimating the fair value, the Company also establishes estimates of energy production, current in-place and market power purchase rates, tax credit arrangements, and operating and maintenance costs. A change in any of the assumptions above, which are subjective, could have a significant impact on the results of operations.
The allocation of the purchase price directly affects the following items in our consolidated financial statements:
The amount of purchase price allocated to the various tangible and intangible assets, liabilities, and non-controlling interests on our balance sheets;
The amounts allocated to the value of above-market and below-market power purchase agreement values are amortized to revenue over the remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective arrangement. The amounts allocated to all other tangible and definite lived intangible assets are amortized to depreciation or amortization expense; and
The period of time over which tangible and intangible assets are depreciated or amortized varies, and thus, changes in the amounts allocated to these assets will have a direct impact on our results of operations. Definite lived intangible assets are generally amortized over the remaining respective life of the power purchase agreement, which normally range from 10 to 25 years. The Company generally depreciates our power plants over their estimated useful lives of up to 30 years. These differences in timing could have an impact on our results of operations.
Non-controlling Interests
Non-controlling interest represents the portion of net income (loss), net assets, and comprehensive income (loss) in consolidated entities that we do not own. The non-controlling interests’ balance is reported as a component of equity in the consolidated balance sheets and is calculated based on equity ownership percentage, for applicable facilities.
Basic and Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS” or “LPS”) is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the number of weighted average ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Unvested restricted stock awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends are treated as participating securities and are included in the EPS computation using the two-class method, to the extent that there are undistributed earnings available as such securities do not participate in losses. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by adjusting basic EPS for the impact of weighted average dilutive common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Common equivalent shares represent the incremental shares issuable for unvested restricted Class A common stock and redeemable shares of Class B and Class B1 common stock.
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-based compensation expense for all share-based payment awards is based on the estimated grant-date fair value. The Company recognizes these compensation costs net of an estimated forfeiture rate for only those shares expected to vest on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the award vesting term. For ratable


96


awards, the Company recognizes compensation costs for all grants on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the entire award.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
See Item 15. Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 15. Financial Statements and Exhibits of this Form 10-K for disclosures concerning all recently issued Accounting Standards Updates.


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Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
We are exposed to several market risks in our normal business activities. Market risk is the potential loss that may result from market changes associated with our business or with an existing or forecasted financial or commodity transaction. The types of market risks we are exposed to include interest rate risk, foreign currency risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes.
Interest Rate Risk
As of December 31, 2015, our corporate level debt consisted of the Senior Notes (fixed rate) and the Revolver (variable rate). The estimated fair value of our corporate level debt was approximately $743.8 million and the outstanding amount of our corporate level debt was $926.8 million. We estimate that a 100 bps, or 1%, increase or decrease in market interest rates for this debt would have decreased or increased the fair value of our long-term debt by $28 million.
As of December 31, 2015, our project level debt was at both fixed and variable rates. We have entered into interest rate derivatives to swap certain of our variable rate project level debt to a fixed rate. Although we intend to use hedging strategies to mitigate our exposure to interest rate fluctuations, we may not hedge all of our interest rate risk and, to the extent we enter into interest rate hedges, our hedges may not necessarily have the same duration as the associated indebtedness. Our exposure to interest rate fluctuations will depend on the amount of indebtedness that bears interest at variable rates, the time at which the interest rate is adjusted, the amount of the adjustment, our ability to prepay or refinance variable rate indebtedness when fixed rate debt matures and needs to be refinanced and hedging strategies we may use to reduce the impact of any increases in rates. We estimate that a hypothetical 100 bps, or 1%, increase or decrease in our variable interest rates pertaining to interest rate swaps would have decreased or increased our earnings by $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Foreign Currency Risk
During the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, all of our revenues were generated outside of the United States in Brazilian real, Chinese yuan renminbi, Indian rupee, Malaysian ringgit, South African rand and Thai baht, and were translated into the U.S. dollar, which is our reporting currency. The PPAs, operating and maintenance agreements, financing agreements and other contractual arrangements in our current portfolio are denominated in Brazilian real, Chinese yuan renminbi, Indian rupee, Malaysian ringgit, South African rand, and Thai baht.
We use currency forward contracts in certain instances to mitigate the financial market risks of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. We manage our foreign currency exposures through the use of these currency forward contracts to reduce risks arising from the change in fair value of certain assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. The objective of these practices is to minimize the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on our operating results. As of December 31, 2015, we have hedged our exposure to foreign-currency cash available for distribution to shareholders through June 30, 2018. Going forward, we plan to hedge our foreign currency exposure to cash forecasted to be distributed to the U.S. for a minimum of two years and maintain this position on an ongoing basis.
We estimate that a hypothetical 1% appreciation in applicable foreign exchange rates against the U.S. dollar will increase or decrease our future revenues by the following amounts:
 
(In thousands)
 
Fair Value as of December 31, 2015
 
Total Impact to Fair Value as of December 31, 2015 (1)
 
 
Brazilian real
 
$
10,284

 
$
297

 
Chinese yuan renminbi
 
2,330

 
201

 
Indian rupee
 
899

 
518

 
Malaysian ringgit
 
459

 
92

 
South African rand
 
7,482

 
295

 
Thai baht
 
(212
)
 
(108
)
 
Total impact
 
$
21,242


$
1,295

(1)
Impact on future revenues was estimated using a 1% appreciation in exchange rates.
Liquidity Risk
The Company’s principal liquidity requirements are to finance current operations, service debt and, if and when declared by the Company, to fund cash dividends to investors. Changes in operating plans, lower than anticipated electricity


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sales, increased expenses, acquisitions or other events may cause management to seek additional debt or equity financing in future periods. There can be no guarantee that financing will be available on acceptable terms or at all. Debt financing, if available, could impose additional cash payment obligations and additional covenants and operating restrictions. The Company’s ability to meet its debt service obligations and other capital requirements, including capital expenditures, as well as make acquisitions, will also depend on the Company’s future operating performance which, in turn, will be subject to general economic, financial, business, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other conditions, many of which are beyond management’s control.
Specifically, our sponsor, SunEdison, Inc., and certain of its affiliates filed for bankruptcy on April 21, 2016. We believe that we have observed formalities and operating procedures to maintain our separate existence, that our assets and liabilities can be readily identified as distinct from those of SunEdison and that we do not rely substantially on SunEdison for funding or liquidity and will have sufficient liquidity to support our ongoing operations. Our contingency planning with respect to the SunEdison Bankruptcy has included and will include, among other things, establishing stand-alone information technology, accounting and other critical systems and infrastructure, establishing separate human resources systems and employee retention efforts, retaining replacement operation and maintenance and asset management services for our power plants from other providers and the pursuit of strategic alternatives.
However, there is a risk that an interested party in the SunEdison Bankruptcy could request that the assets and liabilities of the Company be substantively consolidated with SunEdison and that the Company and/or its assets and liabilities be included in the SunEdison Bankruptcy. While it has not been requested to date and we believe there is no basis for substantive consolidation in our circumstances, we cannot assure you that substantive consolidation will not be requested in the future or that the bankruptcy court would not consider it. Substantive consolidation is an equitable remedy in bankruptcy that results in the pooling of assets and liabilities of the debtor and one or more of its affiliates solely for purposes of the bankruptcy case, including for purposes of distributions to creditors and voting on and treatment under a reorganization plan. Bankruptcy courts have broad equitable powers, and as a result, outcomes in bankruptcy proceedings are inherently difficult to predict.
To the extent the bankruptcy court were to determine that substantive consolidation was appropriate under the Company's facts and circumstances, the assets and liabilities of the Company could be made available to help satisfy the debt or contractual obligations of SunEdison.
There have also been covenant defaults under certain of our project level financing arrangements, mainly because of delays in the delivery of project level audited financial statements and the delay in the filing of the Company’s audited annual financial statements for 2015 on Form 10-K. In addition, in a number of cases the SunEdison Bankruptcy resulted in defaults because SunEdison Debtors have been serving as operation and maintenance and asset management services providers or as guarantors under relevant contracts. We have been working diligently with our lenders to cure or waive instances of default, including through the completion of project level audits and the retention of replacement service providers. However, there can be no assurance that all remaining defaults will be cured or waived. All of our project level financing arrangements are on a non-recourse basis, and therefore these defaults do not directly affect the financial position of the Company. However, if the remaining defaults are not cured or waived, this would continue to restrict the ability of the relevant project companies to make distributions to us, which may affect our ability to meet certain covenants under the Company’s Revolver, or entitle certain project level lenders to demand repayment or enforce their security interests.
Additionally, covenant defaults may occur in the future under the Company’s Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes in the event of further delays in the filing of our periodic reports with the SEC and potential violation of financial covenants. We have amended, or obtained waivers of, the relevant covenants in the Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes to avoid any such defaults as a result of the delays, including by extending the required filing date of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 through December 26, 2016 and, in the case of the indenture governing our Senior Notes, by extending the required filing dates of our Forms 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 and for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 through December 26, 2016 and early March 2017, respectively. There can be no assurance that we will be able to file our periodic reports (including our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 or Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2016 or any quarters thereafter) with the SEC within the periods currently required under our Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes. The Revolver also contains financial covenants that the Company is required to meet on a quarterly basis, and management projections indicate that the Company could violate the Revolver’s debt service coverage covenant during 2017 which, if the Revolver is not amended or terminated, could cause a default under the Revolver and, depending on the outstanding amount under the Revolver at the time of such default, a cross-default on the Senior Notes.
There can be no assurance that our lenders will agree to further extensions of financial statement filing dates or amendments to relevant covenants on acceptable terms or at all. As of December 20, 2016, the Revolver is undrawn, and in the event we are not able to cure or secure a waiver for a default under the Revolver, the Company’s available liquidity is sufficient


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to allow for the Revolver to be terminated, which would also avoid a cross-default on the Senior Notes. However, a default on the Senior Notes would permit the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding to accelerate the Senior Notes. The Company would likely not have sufficient liquidity to meet this obligation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay dividends. A default under the indenture governing our Senior Notes would also result in a cross-default under the Revolver that would permit the lenders holding more than 50% of the aggregate exposure under the Revolver to accelerate any outstanding principal amount of loans, terminate any outstanding letter of credit and terminate the outstanding commitments under our Revolver.
The risk of substantive consolidation of the Company with SunEdison and inclusion in the SunEdison Bankruptcy, as well as the risk of future covenant defaults under the Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
Credit Risk
Credit risk relates to the risk of loss resulting from non-performance or non-payment by offtake counterparties or SunEdison under the terms of their contractual obligations, thereby impacting the amount and timing of expected cash flows. We monitor and manage credit risk through credit policies that include a credit approval process and the use of credit mitigation measures such as having a diversified portfolio of offtake counterparties. However, there are a limited number of offtake counterparties under offtake agreements in each region that we operate, and this concentration may impact the overall exposure to credit risk, either positively or negatively, in that the offtake counterparties may be similarly affected by changes in economic, industry or other conditions. If any of these receivable balances in the future should be deemed uncollectible, it could have a material adverse effect on our forecasted cash flows.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
The financial statements and schedules are listed in Item 15. Financial Statements and Exhibits of this annual report and are incorporated by reference herein.
Specifically, our selected quarterly financial data for each of the quarterly periods ended March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 in 2015 and 2014 are included in Note 21 - Quarterly Financial Data to our consolidated financial statements in this annual report on Form 10-K.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.


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Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the MSA, SunEdison provides the systems and personnel for our financial reporting and control processes (such as information technology, enterprise resource management and accounting systems) and, as a result, our financial reporting and control processes rely to a significant extent on SunEdison systems and personnel. SunEdison has not performed as obligated under the MSA, in particular with respect to financial reporting and control matters.
We carried out an evaluation as of December 31, 2015, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2015, as a result of the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described below.
Notwithstanding such material weakness in internal control over financial reporting, our management concluded that our consolidated financial statements in this annual report on Form 10-K present fairly, in all material respects, the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows as of the dates, and for the periods presented, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).
Material Weaknesses
As of December 31, 2015, management has identified material weaknesses within our system of internal control over financial reporting in consideration of the framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) (COSO 2013 Framework) and concluded that, as of December 31, 2015, our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as further described below.
A material weakness is a deficiency or a combination of deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement in our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. As of December 31, 2015, we identified the following material weaknesses:
The Company, and SunEdison as our service provider for all matters related to financial reporting processes and controls, did not maintain an effective control environment, risk assessment process, information and communication process and monitoring activities based on the following:
The Company did not have effective Board oversight and management monitoring activities over the information technology system development and implementation of financial reporting processes and internal controls established by SunEdison as our service provider;
The Company did not have a sufficient number of trained resources with assigned responsibility and accountability for financial reporting processes and the design and effective operation of internal controls conducted by SunEdison as our service provider;
The Company did not have an effective risk assessment process that identified and assessed necessary changes in generally accepted accounting principles, financial reporting processes and internal controls, in response to risks of fraud and error impacted by changes in the business model resulting from rapid growth from acquisitions, changes in information systems, changes at SunEdison and transition of key personnel;
The Company did not have an effective information and communication processes that ensured appropriate and accurate information was available to financial reporting personnel on a timely basis in order that they could fulfil their roles and responsibilities; and
The Company did not have effective monitoring activities in place to evaluate whether the components of internal control were present and functioning.

Accordingly, the Company, and SunEdison as our service provider for all matters related to financial reporting processes and controls, did not have effective control activities over the following:


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The Company did not have effective general information technology controls (GITCs), specifically, system development, program change and access controls over the operating system, databases and IT applications related to the consolidation process. Accordingly, process level automated controls and manual controls that were dependent upon the information derived from the IT systems were also deemed ineffective;
The Company did not have effective controls over the completeness, existence and accuracy of allocated general and administrative expenses and other costs shared with SunEdison;
The Company did not have effective controls over the completeness, existence and accuracy of related party disclosures, intercompany transactions and balances as well as contributions by SunEdison:
The Company did not have effective controls over the completeness and accuracy of information reported from international operations to allow for timely analysis and appropriate application of U.S. generally accepted accounting principles related to complex accounting transactions; and
The Company did not have effective controls over the preparation, review and approval of journal entries, the preparation of periodic financial statements and overall accuracy and completeness of disclosures.
The control deficiencies resulted in several material misstatements to the preliminary consolidated financial statements that were corrected prior to the issuance of the audited consolidated financial statements. These control deficiencies create a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement to the consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
This Annual Report does not include a report on management’s assessment regarding internal control over financial reporting due to a transition period established by the rules of the SEC for newly public companies.
Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm on our internal control over financial reporting due to a transition period established by the rules of the SEC for newly public companies and due to exemptions available to us as an “emerging growth company,” as defined by the JOBS Act.
Remediation Plan
We are in the process of developing and implementing our remediation plan which, among other matters, includes implementation of a stand-alone organization by the Company and will provide for an information technology system, trained resources with assigned responsibility and accountability for financial reporting processes, design and effective operation of internal controls, effective risk assessment process, effective information and communication processes and effective monitoring activities in place, in each case independent of SunEdison or with a minimized level of SunEdison’s involvement.  We expect our remediation efforts to result in significant changes to our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information.
None.



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PART III


103


Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
Below is a list of names, ages and a brief account of the business experience of persons who serve as our executive officers, other key officers and directors:
Name
 
Age
 
Position
Peter Blackmore
 
69
 
Interim Chief Executive Officer, Director and Chairman
Rebecca Cranna
 
47
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yana Kravtsova
 
40
 
Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
Thomas Studebaker
 
38
 
Chief Operating Officer
David Rawden
 
59
 
Interim Chief Accounting Officer
Hanif “Wally” Dahya
 
61
 
Director
Christopher Compton
 
67
 
Director
John F. Stark
 
65
 
Director
David Ringhofer
 
36
 
Director
Gregory Scallen
 
46
 
Director
David Springer
 
48
 
Director
Mark Lerdal
 
57
 
Director
Fred Boyle
 
59
 
Director
Peter Blackmore, Interim Chief Executive Officer, Director and Chairman
Mr. Blackmore has served as Chairman of the Board since his appointment on November 20, 2015. Mr. Blackmore was a member of SunEdison’s board of directors from 2006 until his resignation on November 20, 2015. He has also served as President, Chief Executive Officer and a member of the board of directors of ShoreTel, Inc., an Internet protocol communications company from December 2010 until his retirement in August 2013. From July 2008 until September 2010, Mr. Blackmore served as President, Chief Executive Officer and a member of the board of directors of UTStarcom, Inc., an Internet protocol company. From July 2007 to July 2008 he was President and Chief Operating Officer for UTStarcom. Before this position, Mr. Blackmore had been Executive Vice President of Unisys Corporation from February 2005 to July 2007. From 1991 through August 2004, Mr. Blackmore served in various roles at Compaq Computer Corporation, and Hewlett-Packard Company, or HP, most recently as Executive Vice President of the Customer Solutions Group at HP from May 2004 through August 2004, and as Executive Vice President of the Enterprise Systems Group at HP from 2002 to May 2004. Prior to the merger of Compaq and HP, he served as Senior Vice President of Worldwide Sales and Service of Compaq from 2000 through 2002 and Senior Vice President of Worldwide Sales and Marketing of Compaq from 1998 through 2000. Mr. Blackmore was a member of the board of directors of Multi-Fineline Electronix, Inc. from 2005 to 2008. Mr. Blackmore has significant experience in the computer and telecommunications industries. In addition, he has significant experience in China and India through his work with HP and UTStarcom. Mr. Blackmore brings to the Company extensive sales and marketing experience in consumer and related markets, including senior management responsibility. He also brings to the Company the experience obtained by his prior service as the chief executive officer of two publicly-listed companies.
Rebecca Cranna, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Ms. Cranna was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer on November 22, 2015. Ms. Cranna previously served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Global Asset Management, of SunEdison, a position she held since May 2015. From September 2014 to May 2015, Ms. Cranna served as Senior Vice President of Asset and Risk Management for TerraForm Power with operations responsibility for TerraForm’s operating power plant fleet. She also currently serves as an executive officer of Silver Ridge Power, LLC (“Silver Ridge Power”), a solar power company jointly owned by an affiliate of SunEdison and Riverstone Holdings LLC with operations in seven countries. Previously, she was Chief Financial Officer at Silver Ridge Power from 2010 until 2014, with operations and finance responsibilities. Prior to that, she served as a Vice President of AES Corporation from 2006 to 2009, where she led the credit review group, reporting to the General Counsel and Board of Directors, and was a Managing Director in the corporate development group focused on M&A. From 1992 to 2006, Ms. Cranna served at AES in various positions of increasing responsibility, focusing on greenfield power project development for coal, gas, and hydro-electric power plants, non-recourse project financings, and M&A across multiple geographies including Latin America, the Caribbean, Africa and United States. Ms. Cranna holds a B.A. in Human Biology


104


from Stanford University. The Company believes that Ms. Cranna’s extensive financial experience and history of leadership will enable her to effectively supervise the Company’s financial operations.
Yana Kravtsova, Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
Ms. Kravtsova has served as our Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since February 2015. Prior to joining SunEdison, Ms. Kravtsova served as Legal Head of Renewable Energy Investments at Google Inc. from August 2011 to January 2015. Prior to that, Ms. Kravtsova was a Legal Vice President at First Wind since March 2010, focusing on the development, construction and financing of wind power projects. Prior to becoming an in-house counsel, Ms. Kravtsova was an attorney at Clifford Chance U.S. LLP, Latham & Watkins LLP and The World Bank Group, handling international project finance, regulatory and corporate matters for energy projects.
Thomas Studebaker, Chief Operating Officer
Mr. Studebaker has served as our Chief Operating Officer since July 2016. Mr. Studebaker is a Managing Director in AlixPartners, LLPs’ (“AlixPartners”) Turnaround & Restructuring practice in the Boston office, joining the firm in 2008. Previously, he spent two years with a boutique restructuring group in Chicago and four years with PricewaterhouseCoopers in that firm’s assurance and business advisory services practice. Previously, he has acted as the Chief Financial Officer to Metro Fuel Oil Corp., as well as the Chief Financial Officer to a privately held global consulting company. Mr. Studebaker holds an MBA from the J. L. Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University and a Bachelor of Business Administration in accounting from the University of Notre Dame. He is a certified public accountant licensed in the state of Massachusetts and a member of the Turnaround Management Association, the American Bankruptcy Institute, and the Association of Insolvency & Restructuring Advisors.
David Rawden, Interim Chief Accounting Officer
Mr. Rawden has served as our Interim Chief Accounting Officer since July 2016. Mr. Rawden is a Director in AlixPartners’ Turnaround and Restructuring practice. He joined AlixPartners in 1990. Most recently, he was Chief Financial Officer for a privately held regional specialty trucking company. Mr. Rawden was also Interim Chief Financial Officer for Exopack Holding, a privately held SEC registered, manufacturer of flexible packaging; Chief Financial Officer for X-Rite, a private/public manufacturer of Electro/Optical color measurement devices, Chief Financial Officer for Allied Holdings, a publicly traded transportation company, Chief Financial Officer for a regional transportation and warehousing company, Chief Financial Officer for the Savannah College of Art and Design and interim Chief Financial Officer for a privately held global sporting event company. Mr. Rawden earned a Master of Management in finance and economics from Northwestern University, and a Bachelor of Arts in accounting from Michigan State University. He is a certified public accountant in the state of Michigan.
Hanif “Wally” Dahya, Director
Hanif “Wally” Dahya was appointed to our Board in connection with the completion of our IPO. Mr. Dahya has served as the Chief Executive Officer of the Y Company LLC, a private investment firm that specializes in restructuring distressed assets in the emerging markets, focusing on telecommunications, Energy, and Environmental Industries since 2007. Before founding the Y Company LLC, Mr. Dahya was a Partner at Sandler O’Neill & Partners LP, a full service investment banking firm specializing in serving financing institutions, from 1991 to 1997. Prior to that, Mr. Dahya worked at EF Hutton & Company, Inc. in the Corporate Finance group, served as a Managing Director at LF Rothschild & Company, Inc., and was a Managing Director at UBS Securities Inc. Mr. Dahya is currently a member of the board of directors of New York Community Bancorp, Inc., for which he chairs the Investment Committee and the New York Commercial Bank Credit Committee and is a member of the Audit Committee, Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, Risk Assessment Committee, Capital Adequacy Committee and the Asset Liability Committee. Mr. Dahya brings valuable energy industry and public company board experience to our Board. Mr. Dahya serves as chair of the Audit Committee and as a member of the Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee of the Board.


105


Christopher Compton, Director
Mr. Compton was appointed to our Board on November 20, 2015. Mr. Compton served in various senior finance positions with Chiquita Brand International, Inc. from 1987 to 2012 after which he retired. Following his retirement, Mr. Compton has worked as an independent consultant. Mr. Compton adds an accomplished international banking, capital markets and corporate finance background to our Board and possesses extensive financial experience from his tenure with a large public company. Mr. Compton serves as a member of the Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee and the Audit Committee of the Board.
John F. Stark, Director
Mr. Stark was appointed to our Board on November 20, 2015. Mr. Stark was previously the Chief Financial Officer of Imergy Power Systems. From May 2007 to November 2013, Mr. Stark served as Chief Financial Officer of BrightSource Energy and from April 2004 to May 2007 served as Chief Financial Officer of SVB Financial Group. Prior to his employment in such roles, Mr. Stark served in a variety of senior management capacities for public and private energy companies, including serving in a number of financial and operations positions for PG&E Corp. for over twenty years. Mr. Stark is also a director of TC Pipelines, LP, a limited partnership formed to acquire, own and actively participate in the management of natural gas pipelines and related assets. Mr. Stark brings to the Company significant financial expertise and experience obtained from his prior service as the Chief Financial Officer for multiple public and private companies, as well as a long history of experience in the energy industry. Mr. Stark serves as chair of the Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee and as a member of the Audit Committee of the Board.
David Ringhofer, Director
Mr. Ringhofer was appointed to our Board on May 26, 2016. Mr. Ringhofer serves as the Head of Legal, Corporate of SunEdison, a position he has held for the past year. Mr. Ringhofer has been with SunEdison since 2009 and previously held various positions, including Assistant General Counsel, Solar Materials and New Ventures and International Tax Counsel. In these roles, Mr. Ringhofer managed the structuring of technology monetization opportunities, was actively involved in the company’s initial public offerings of subsidiary divisions, M&A planning and execution, strategic supply chain structuring and international repatriation strategies. Before joining SunEdison, Mr. Ringhofer spent 5 years in the International Tax practice of PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP in various roles. The Company believes that Mr. Ringhofer’s leadership, legal and financial expertise will enable him to contribute significant managerial and strategic oversight skills to the Company.
Gregory Scallen, Director
Mr. Scallen was appointed to our Board on June 24, 2016. Mr. Scallen has served as Head of Legal, Global EPC, Procurement and EHS for SunEdison since June of 2014. Mr. Scallen joined SunEdison in March of 2011 and has held various roles of increasing responsibility including Vice President Legal, Canada. Mr. Scallen has worked in the power industry for 20 years, with extensive experience in the areas of utility scale development, green energy development, aboriginal law, financing, real estate and regulatory compliance. Prior to joining SunEdison, Mr. Scallen held various positions at Ontario Power Generation with a focus on utility scale hydroelectric development. Mr. Scallen was the Chair of the Canadian Solar Industries Association for 2014 and a member of the Ontario Clean Energy Task Force established by the Minister of Energy and the Minister of Economic Development in 2013 for the Province of Ontario. Mr. Scallen adds extensive energy industry experience and legal expertise to the Company.
David Springer, Director
Mr. Springer was appointed to our Board on August 30, 2016. Mr. Springer has extensive experience as an operations executive. He currently also serves as the Senior Vice President, Global EPC Operations, of SunEdison, a position he has held since May 2015. Among other things, he oversees the construction and delivery of all solar and wind power projects for SunEdison. Previously, Mr. Springer served as Chief Operating Officer of SunEdison’s Solar Materials Division overseeing their global operations. Mr. Springer joined SunEdison in 2011 as the Vice President of Manufacturing Operations for the MEMC Semiconductor Business Unit. Prior to joining SunEdison, Mr. Springer held multiple leadership positions at Freescale Semiconductor in Operations, Manufacturing and Engineering. Mr. Springer served as a United States Navy Submarine Officer and holds a B.S. in Marine Engineering, United States Naval Academy (Annapolis, MD) and a M.S. equivalent in Nuclear Engineering, United States Navy (Orlando, FL). Mr. Springer brings to the Company extensive operations and management experience.


106


Mark Lerdal, Director
Mr. Lerdal was appointed to our Board on October 13, 2016. Mr. Lerdal has been an active leader in the renewable energy business for more than 30 years as an executive, investor and attorney. Since April 2014, Mark Lerdal has been the Executive Chairman of Leaf Clean Energy Company, a closed-end fund focused on renewable energy investments. From 2009 to December 2015, he was a Managing Director of MP2 Capital, LLC, a developer, owner and operator of solar generation assets. Mr. Lerdal served as President of Hydrogen Energy California, a developer of a carbon capture and sequestration facility, from September 2011 to February 2013. Prior to that time, he was a Managing Director at KKR Finance in its debt securities division. Mr. Lerdal served as an independent director and member of the Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee of the Board from the consummation of its initial public offering in August 2015 until November 20, 2015. Mr. Lerdal served as an independent director and member of the Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee of the board of directors of TerraForm Power, Inc. from the consummation of its initial public offering in July 2014 until November 20, 2015. Mr. Lerdal also serves as a non-executive board member at Trading Emissions Plc and Onsite Energy Corporation, which provides energy services to industrial energy users. Mr. Lerdal graduated cum laude from Northwestern University School of Law and holds a bachelor’s degree in economics from Stanford University. Mr. Lerdal serves as a member of the Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee of the Board. The Company believes that Mr. Lerdal’s extensive experience in the renewable energy industry and financial expertise will enable him to contribute significant managerial and strategic oversight and skills to the Company.
Fred Boyle, Director
Mr. Boyle was appointed to our Board on October 13, 2016. Mr. Boyle has more than 30 years of experience in the energy industry, including leadership roles in both regulated and non-regulated segments of the industry. He most recently served as the Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Pepco Holdings Inc., an energy holding company providing utility service to the Mid-Atlantic region, from 2012 to 2016. As CFO, Mr. Boyle assisted in the company’s successful sale to Exelon for an enterprise value of $12 billion. Previously, Mr. Boyle served first as Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Controller and later as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of DPL Inc., a holding company for the Dayton Power and Light Company, an Ohio-based electric utility company serving over 500,000 customers. Mr. Boyle also served as Vice President of Finance for Direct Energy, a large competitive retailer of energy and related services in North America, and as Chief Financial Officer of Accent Energy, a national retail energy marketer. Earlier in his career, Mr. Boyle spent 18 years with American Electric Power serving in various financial roles, with his most senior role as Vice President of Financial Services for the corporate development group. Mr. Boyle holds a Master of Tax degree from Capital University and a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from Ohio State University. Mr. Boyle serves as a member of the Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee of the Board. The Company believes that Mr. Boyle’s extensive experience in the energy industry and financial expertise will enable him to contribute significant managerial and strategic oversight and skills to the Company.
Board Leadership Structure
Our Board consists of nine members. The Board is responsible for, among other things, overseeing the conduct of our business, reviewing and, where appropriate, approving our long-term strategic, financial and organizational goals and plans, and reviewing the performance of our chief executive officer and other members of senior management. Following the end of each year, our Board will conduct an annual self-evaluation, which includes a review of any areas in which the Board or management believes the Board can make a better contribution to our corporate governance, as well as a review of the committee structure and an assessment of the Board’s compliance with corporate governance principles. In fulfilling the Board’s responsibilities, directors have full access to our management and independent advisors.
Corporate Governance and Board Matters
Independence of the Board of Directors
For purposes of the applicable stock exchange rules, we are a “controlled company.” Controlled companies under those rules are companies of which more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by an individual, a group or another company. SunEdison controls more than 50% of the combined voting power of our common stock and, as a result, has and will continue to have the right to designate a majority of the members of our Board for nomination for election and the voting power to elect such directors.
Specifically, as a controlled company, we are not required to have (i) a majority of independent directors, (ii) a nominating and corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors, (iii) a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors or (iv) an annual performance evaluation of the nominating and corporate


107


governance and compensation committee. We currently rely on the exceptions with respect to establishing a compensation committee or nominating committee and annual performance evaluations of such committees. Accordingly, you will not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the applicable stock exchange rules. The controlled company exemption does not modify the independence requirements for the audit committee, and we comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the applicable NASDAQ rules, which require that our audit committee be composed of at least three members, each of whom is independent. In addition, we maintain a Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee comprised of at least three independent directors.
Information regarding the Board and its Committees
The standing committees of our Board consists of an Audit Committee and a Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee. Each of the committees reports to the Board as they deem appropriate and as the board may request. The composition, duties and responsibilities of these committees are set forth below. The following table provides membership and meeting information for each of the board committees during 2015:
Name
 
Audit
 
Corporate Governance & Conflicts
Ahmad Chatila(a)
 
 
Peter Blackmore(d)
 
 
Member
Brian Wuebbels(b)
 
 
Carlos Domenech Zornoza(c)
 
 
Hanif “Wally” Dahya(d)
 
Chairperson
 
Member
Steven Tesoriere(c)
 
 
Martin Truong(e)
 
 
Mark Lerdal(c),(d)
 
Member
 
Member
Francisco “Pancho” Perez Gundin(c)
 
 
Mark Florian(c)
 
 
Christopher Compton(d)
 
Member
 
Member
John F. Stark(d)
 
Member
 
Chairperson
Total meetings held in fiscal year 2015
 
7
 
6
(a)
Effective May 26, 2016, Mr. Chatila resigned from his position as director on our Board.
(b)
Effective March 30, 2016, Mr. Wuebbels resigned as our President and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Wuebbels also resigned from his position as director on our Board.
(c)
These board members served during part of the period covered by the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, but were no longer serving on our Board at the end of the year ended December 31, 2015. Mr. Lerdal rejoined the Board on October 13, 2016.
(d)
Effective November 20, 2015, Mr. Dahya and Mr. Lerdal were removed from, and Mr. Blackmore, Mr. Stark and Mr. Compton were appointed to, the Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee.
(e)
Effective August 30, 2016, Mr. Truong resigned from his position as director on our Board.

Below is a description of each committee of the board of directors:
Audit Committee
The Audit Committee is responsible for, among other matters: (i) appointing, retaining and evaluating our independent registered public accounting firm and approving all services to be performed by it, (ii) overseeing our independent registered public accounting firm’s qualifications, independence and performance, (iii) overseeing the financial reporting process and discussing with management and our independent registered public accounting firm the interim and annual financial statements that we file with the SEC, (iv) reviewing and monitoring our accounting principles, accounting policies, financial and accounting controls and compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, (v) establishing procedures for the confidential anonymous submission of concerns regarding questionable accounting, internal controls or auditing matters, and (vi) reviewing and approving related person transactions.
Our Audit Committee consists of Messrs. Dahya, Compton and Stark. We believe that Messrs. Dahya, Compton and Stark qualify as independent directors according to the rules and regulations of the SEC and the NASDAQ with respect to audit committee membership. We also believe that Mr. Dahya qualifies as our “audit committee financial expert,” as such term is defined in Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation S-K. Mr. Dahya has been designated as the chairperson of the Audit Committee. Our


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Board has adopted a written charter for the Audit Committee which is available on our corporate website, http://www.terraformglobal.com.
Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee
Our Corporate Governance and Conflicts Committee (the “Conflicts Committee”) is responsible for, among other matters: (i) developing and reviewing the Company’s corporate governance guidelines, including recommending any changes to the Board, (ii) reviewing and approving potential conflict transactions between the Company and any affiliated parties, including SunEdison and certain of its subsidiaries, with respect to acquisitions of assets and other transactions, including the evaluation of acquisition opportunities presented to the Company pursuant to the Project Support Agreement (as defined below), (iii) making recommendations to the Board concerning the structure, composition and functioning of the board and its committees, (iv) overseeing, coordinating and developing guidelines for evaluations of the Board, each of its committees and management, and developing guidelines for such evaluations, (v) reviewing and reporting to the Board regarding potential conflicts of interest of directors, (vi) approving material compensation decisions for the Company, and (vii) providing leadership and guidance to the Board and to the Company regarding other matters of corporate governance. On March 25, 2016, in anticipation of and in connection with a bankruptcy filing by SunEdison, the Board delegated to the Conflicts Committee the power and authority to evaluate and act affirmatively with respect to matters involving or substantially relating to SunEdison, including actions to protect the Company’s contractual and other rights and otherwise to preserve the value of the Company and its assets. In addition, on June 30, 2016, the Board delegated to the Conflicts Committee the Board’s power and authority with respect to compensation for our executive officers and directors, including relating to base compensation, director fees, bonuses, merit adjustments, annual incentive compensation, awards of restricted stock units and equity-based compensation.
Our Conflicts Committee consists of Messrs. Dahya, Compton, Stark, Lerdal and Boyle. We believe Messrs. Dahya, Compton, Stark, Lerdal and Boyle qualify as independent directors according to the rules and regulations of the SEC and the NASDAQ. Mr. Stark has been designated as the chairperson of the Conflicts Committee. The Board has adopted a written charter for the Conflicts Committee which is available on our corporate website, http://www.terraformglobal.com.
Compensation and Nominating Committees
As a controlled company, we are not required to establish a compensation or nominating committee under NASDAQ rules. As noted above, the Board has delegated to our Conflicts Committee authority over certain compensation matters affecting executive officers and directors.
Other Committees
Our Board may establish other committees as it deems necessary or appropriate from time to time.
Risk Oversight Management
The Board oversees the risk management activities designed and implemented by our management. Our senior management is responsible for assessing and managing our risks on a day-to-day basis. The Board executes its oversight responsibility for risk management both directly and through its committees. The full Board considers specific risk topics, including risks associated with our strategic plan, business operations and capital structure. In addition, the Board receives detailed regular reports from members of our senior management and other personnel that include assessments and potential mitigation of the risks and exposures involved with their respective areas of responsibility.
The board has delegated to the Audit Committee oversight of our risk management process. Our Audit Committee oversees and reviews with management our policies with respect to risk assessment and risk management and our significant financial risk exposures and the actions management has taken to limit, monitor or control such exposures. Our Board oversees risk related to compensation policies. Our Conflicts Committee also considers and addresses risk as it performs its respective committee responsibilities. Both standing committees report to the full board as appropriate, including when a matter rises to the level of a material or enterprise level risk.
Stockholder Communications With Our Board of Directors
Stockholders and interested parties may communicate with our Board by sending correspondence to the Board, a specific committee of our board of directors or a director c/o our Secretary, at TerraForm Global, Inc., 7550 Wisconsin Avenue, 9th Floor, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.
Our Secretary reviews all communications to determine whether the contents include a message to a director and will provide a summary and copies of all correspondence (other than solicitations for services, products or publications) to the


109


applicable director or directors at each regularly scheduled meeting. The Secretary will alert individual directors to items that warrant a prompt response from the individual director prior to the next regularly scheduled meeting. Items warranting prompt response, but not addressed to a specific director, will be routed to the applicable committee chairperson.
Code of Business Conduct
Our Board has adopted a Code of Business Conduct that applies to all of our directors, officers, and employees, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Our Code of Business Conduct is available on our website. If we amend or grant a waiver of one or more of the provisions of our Code of Business Conduct, we intend to satisfy the requirements under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding the disclosure of amendments to or waivers from provisions of our Code of Business Conduct that apply to our principal executive officer and financial and accounting officers by posting the required information on our website.
Conflicts of Interest Policy
Our Board has adopted a Conflicts of Interest Policy that applies to all of our employees, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Our Conflicts of Interest Policy is available on our website.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our directors, executive officers, and holders of more than 10% of our Common Stock to file reports regarding their ownership and changes in ownership of our securities with the SEC, and to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) reports that they file.
Based solely upon a review of Forms 3 and 4 and amendments thereto furnished to us and written representations provided to us by all of our directors and executive officers and certain of our greater than 10% stockholders, we believe that during the year ended December 31, 2015, our directors, executive officers, and greater than 10% stockholders complied with all applicable Section 16(a) filing requirements with the exception of Mr. Compton whose Form 3 filed on December 1, 2015 was filed one day late.
Non-Employee Director Compensation
The officers of SunEdison who also serve as our directors will not receive additional compensation for their service as one of our directors. Our directors who are not officers or employees of us or SunEdison are entitled to compensation as “non-employee directors” as set by our Board.
Our directors who are not employees of us or SunEdison are entitled to the following fees for their service on our Board and its committees:
$50,000 annual board of directors cash retainer;
$20,000 additional cash retainer for the chairman of the Audit Committee;
$7,500 additional cash retainer for each member of the Audit Committee;
$12,500 additional cash retainer for the chairman of the Conflicts Committee; and
$5,000 additional cash retainer for each member of the Conflicts Committee.
In addition, certain of our directors who are not employees of us or SunEdison have been and will be awarded restricted stock units (“RSUs”) for shares of our common stock on an annual basis (based on the date of the annual stockholder meeting for each year) in connection with their board service. RSUs are awarded in an amount such that the number of underlying shares of common stock has a total value of $150,000 on the date the award is granted (rounded to the nearest 100 shares), which vest on the first anniversary of the grant date. Outside directors that became directors in 2015 received RSUs for a pro rata portion of the $150,000 total value based on their start date. Certain of our non-employee directors were awarded RSUs in 2015 as described below.
Each member of our Board will be indemnified for their actions associated with being a director to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law.


110


2015 Director Compensation
The following table provides certain information about compensation paid to our outside directors during 2015.
Name
 
Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($)
 
Stock Awards($)(1)
 
Option Awards ($)
 
Total ($)
Peter Blackmore
 
32,192

 
77,469

 

 
109,661

Christopher A. Compton
 
32,192

 
77,469

 

 
109,661

Hanif M. Dahya
 
60,616

 
121,500

 

 
182,116

John F. Stark
 
32,192

 
77,469

 

 
109,661

Mark Florian(2)
 
40,411

 
121,500

 

 
161,911

Mark D. Lerdal(2)
 
56,575

 
121,500

 

 
178,075

Francisco Perez Gundin(2)
 

 

 

 

Steven Tesoriere(2)
 

 

 

 

(1) This amount represents the aggregate grant date fair value of the RSUs granted to each director, calculated in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation ("FASB ASC Topic 718") and determined by multiplying the number of RSUs granted by the fair market value of the Company's common stock on the grant date.
(2) These individuals were removed as Directors of the Company effective November 20, 2015.
Director Equity Outstanding at Fiscal Year-End
The following table summarizes equity awards outstanding as of December 31, 2015 for each director.
Name
 
Stock Awards Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested
 
Option Awards Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options
Peter Blackmore
 
14,700

 

Christopher A. Compton
 
14,700

 

Hanif M. Dahya
 
8,100

 

John F. Stark
 
14,700

 

Mark Florian
 

 

Mark D. Lerdal
 

 



Item 11. Executive Compensation.
During the year ended December 31, 2015, we did not employ any of our named executive officers (as defined below). Each of our named executive officers was employed and compensated by SunEdison or a subsidiary of SunEdison. The ultimate responsibility and authority for compensation-related decisions for our named executive officers resided with the SunEdison compensation committee or the chief executive officer of SunEdison, as applicable, and any such compensation decisions were not subject to any approvals by our Board or any committees thereof. Because we played no role in determining the compensation of our named executive officers and because we are a controlled company under NASDAQ Rule 5615(c), we are not required to establish a compensation committee. In addition, as we are an “emerging growth company,” as defined by the JOBS Act, we are permitted to comply with reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation. Therefore, we do not provide Compensation Discussion and Analysis in this annual report on Form 10-K.
Our named executive officers, as well as other employees of SunEdison who provide services to us, may participate in employee benefit plans and arrangements sponsored by SunEdison, including plans that may be established in the future. We will not reimburse SunEdison for compensation related expenses attributable to any executive’s or employee’s time dedicated to providing services to us. Except as set forth below, we do not currently expect to have any long-term incentive or equity compensation plan in which our executive officers may participate.
The MSA does not require our named executive officers to dedicate a specific amount of time to fulfilling SunEdison’s obligations to us under the MSA. Additionally, SunEdison has informed us that it cannot identify the portion of compensation awarded to our named executive officers by SunEdison that relates solely to their services to us, as SunEdison does not


111


compensate its employees specifically for such services. As a result, the compensation contained in the below compensation tables may reflect compensation received by each named executive officer for services provided to the Company and to other affiliates of SunEdison.
Summary Compensation Table
The following table presents summary information concerning 2015 compensation awarded or paid to, or earned by: (i) each individual that served as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer during 2015; (ii) each individual that served as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer during 2015; and (iii) each of the other three most highly compensated executive officers for 2015 that were serving as executive officers as of December 31, 2015 (collectively, such persons were the “named executive officers” for the Company for 2015):
Name and Principal Positions as of 12/31/2015
Year
Salary(1) ($)
Bonus ($)
Stock Awards(2) ($)
Option Awards ($)
Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($)
Change in Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred ($)
All Other Compensation(3) ($)
Total ($)
Wuebbels, Brian A. (4)(5)
2015
488,250


3,440,373




35,000

3,963,623

President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cranna, Rebecca (5)
2015
328,563


1,296,119




15,484

1,640,166

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guerrero Arias, Ismael
2015
253,191(9)


977,076




69,080

1,299,347

President, Head of Origination
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Kravtsova, Yana
2015
265,385


746,025




15,485

1,026,895

Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Domenech Zornoza, Carlos (5)(6)
2015
553,659


166,759




23,779

744,197

Former President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hernandez, Alejandro (5)(7)
2015
455,254


798,423




1,146,425(10)

2,400,102

Former Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Avenier, Jeremy (8)
2015
401,593


272,110




23,669

697,372

Former Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
O'Rourke, Stephen C.
2015
277,154






11,333

288,487

Former Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.
Amounts shown include cash compensation earned and received, as well as cash compensation earned but deferred at the election of the executive officer under the SunEdison Retirement Savings Plan.
2.
All stock awards reflected in the table are Restricted Stock Units or Restricted Stock Awards under the SunEdison's 2010 Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan or 2015 Long-Term Incentive Plan or the TerraForm Power, Inc. 2014 Second Amended & Restated Long-Term Incentive Plan or the TerraForm Global, Inc. 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan. The dollar amounts shown for stock awards represent the aggregate grant date fair value with respect to fiscal 2015 in accordance with the applicable Accounting Standard Codification 718, Stock Compensation, excluding the effect of forfeitures related to service-based conditions. These amounts do not reflect whether the named executive officers have actually realized or will realize a financial benefit from the awards. For information on the assumptions used to calculate the value of the awards, refer to Note 14 to consolidated financial statements in this annual report on Form 10-K.
3.
Amount shown is contribution by SunEdison to the SunEdison Retirement Savings Plan.
4.
Mr. Wuebbels resigned as President and Chief Executive Officer and Director of the Company on March 30, 2016.
5.
These individuals split their time evenly between the Company and TerraForm Power, Inc. The cash compensation received by each of these individuals reflects the total cash compensation received for services provided to the Company and to TerraForm Power, Inc.
6.
Mr. Domenech Zornoza was removed as President and Chief Executive Officer and Director of the Company effective November 20, 2015.
7.
Mr. Hernandez was removed as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company effective November 20, 2015.
8.
Mr. Avenier resigned as Chief Financial Officer of the Company effective October 9, 2015.


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9.
Paid in Singapore dollars in the amount of S$429,000 annually. Amount has been converted to US$ as of December 31, 2015 of US$1.00=S$1.41.
10.
Amount includes contribution by SunEdison to the SunEdison Retirement Savings Plan of $18,253.00. Also included is $900,000.00 Severance, $200,000.00 Bonus, $19,020.00 Cobra and $9,152.00 for grossed Medicare taxes earned in connection with Mr. Hernandez's termination effective November 20, 2015. The Severance, Bonus, Cobra and Medicare tax benefit were paid in February 2016 by the Company and TerraForm Power, Inc.



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Grants of Plan-Based Awards
The following table sets forth plan-based awards to the named executive officers during 2015:
 
 
 
 
Estimated Future Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards ($)
 
Grants of Plan Based Awards
 
 
Name
 
Grant Date
 
Threshold ($)
 
Target ($)
 
Maximum ($)
 
All Other Stock Awards: Number of Shares of Stock or Units (#)
 
All Other Option Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Options (#)
 
Exercise or Base Price of Option Awards ($/Sh)
 
Grant Date Fair Value of Stock and Option Awards(1) ($)
Cranna, Rebecca
 
3/2/2015
 

 

 

 
1,000 (3)
 

 

 
22,760

 
 
3/2/2015
 

 

 

 
4,000 (1)
 

 

 
91,040

 
 
3/10/2015
 

 

 

 
680 (5)
 

 

 
23,225

 
 
3/10/2015
 

 

 

 
2,720 (2)
 

 

 
92,902

 
 
3/31/2015
 

 

 

 
89,424 (6)
 

 

 
18,529

 
 
10/15/2015
 

 

 

 
25,000 (4)
 

 

 
232,250

 
 
12/22/2015
 

 

 

 
18,000 (5)
 

 

 
223,020

 
 
12/22/2015
 

 

 

 
81,000 (4)
 

 

 
430,110

 
 
12/23/2015
 

 

 

 
30,000 (6)
 

 

 
162,300

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,296,136

Kravtsova, Yana
 
2/2/2015
 

 

 

 
20,000 (3)
 

 

 
399,800

 
 
3/31/2015
 

 

 

 
357,698 (6)
 

 

 
74,115

 
 
12/22/2015
 

 

 

 
6,000 (5)
 

 

 
74,340

 
 
12/22/2015
 

 

 

 
10,000 (6)
 

 

 
54,400

 
 
12/22/2015
 

 

 

 
27,000 (4)
 

 

 
143,370

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
746,025

Guerrero Arias, Ismael
 
3/6/2015
 

 

 

 
25,000 (3)
 

 

 
566,000

 
 
3/31/2015
 

 

 

 
670,684 (6)
 

 

 
138,966

 
 
12/22/2015
 

 

 

 
6,000 (5)
 

 

 
74,340

 
 
12/22/2015
 

 

 

 
10,000 (6)
 

 

 
54,400

 
 
12/22/2015
 

 

 

 
27,000 (4)
 

 

 
143,370

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
977,076

Wuebbels, Brian A.
 
3/10/2015
 

 

 

 
8,000 (5)
 

 

 
273,200

 
 
3/10/2015
 

 

 

 
32,000 (2)
 

 

 
1,092,800

 
 
3/10/2015
 

 

 

 
12,000 (3)
 

 

 
266,040

 
 
3/10/2015
 

 

 

 
48,000 (1)
 

 

 
1,064,160

 
 
3/31/2015
 

 

 

 
536,547 (6)
 

 

 
111,173

 
 
12/23/2015
 

 

 

 
50,000 (5)
 

 

 
633,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,440,373

Domenech Zornoza, Carlos
 
3/31/2015
 

 

 

 
804,821 (6)
 

 

 
166,759

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
166,759

Hernandez, Alejandro
 
3/31/2015
 

 

 

 
536,547 (6)
 

 

 
111,173

 
 
10/9/2015
 

 

 

 
25,000 (7)
 

 

 
204,750

 
 
10/16/2015
 

 

 

 
25,000 (2)
 

 

 
482,500

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
798,423

Avenier, Jeremy
 
12/22/2015
 

 

 

 
27,000 (4)
 

 

 
143,370

 
 
12/22/2015
 

 

 

 
6,000 (5)
 

 

 
74,340

 
 
12/22/2015
 

 

 

 
10,000 (6)
 

 

 
54,400

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
272,110

1.
These restricted stock units are performance based made under the SunEdison, Inc. 2010 Amended & Restated Equity Incentive Plan.


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2.
These restricted stock units are performance based grants made under the TerraForm Power, Inc. 2014 Second Amended & Restated Long-Term Incentive Plan.
3.
Represents grants made under the SunEdison, Inc. 2010 Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan.
4.
Represents grants made under the SunEdison, Inc. 2015 Long-Term Incentive Plan.
5.
Represents grants made under the TerraForm Power, Inc. 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan.
6.
Represents grants made under the TerraForm Global, Inc. 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan.
7.
These restricted stock units are performance based grants made under the TerraForm Global, Inc. 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan.



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Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End
The following table presents information regarding outstanding equity awards held by the named executive officers of the Company at December 31, 2015.
 
 
Options Awards
 
Stock Awards
Name
 
Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Exercisable
 
Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Unexercisable
 
Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Options
 
Option Exercise Price
 
Option Expiration Date (18)
 
Grant Date of Stock Award
 
 Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested
 
Market Value of Shares of Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (1)
 
Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested
 
Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested
Cranna, Rebecca
 

 

 

 
$

 

 
9/1/2014

 
16,500 (4)

 
$
83,985

 

 
$

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
9/1/2014

 
90,000  (11)

 
1,132,200

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
3/2/2015

 
1,000 (3)

 
5,090

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
3/2/2015

 
4,000 (8)

 
20,360

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
3/10/2015

 
680 (7)

 
8,554

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
3/10/2015

 
2,720 (9)

 
34,218

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
3/31/2015

 
89,424 (10)

 
499,880

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
10/15/2015

 
25,000 (3)

 
127,250

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
12/22/2015

 
81,000 (13)

 
412,290

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
12/22/2015

 
18,000 (11)

 
226,440

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
12/23/2015

 
30,000  (12)

 
167,700

 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wuebbels, Brian A.
 
25,000

 

 

 
56

 
8/13/2017

 
4/25/2012

 
1,563 (6)

 
7,956

 

 

 
 
25,000

 

 

 
56

 
8/13/2017

 
5/16/2012

 
12,500 (3)

 
63,625

 

 

 
 
2,500

 

 

 
70

 
1/23/2018

 
5/2/2014

 
120,000 (5)

 
610,800

 

 

 
 
5,000

 

 

 
52

 
7/22/2018

 
3/10/2015

 
12,000 (3)

 
61,080

 

 

 
 
3

 

 

 
16

 
4/20/2020

 
3/10/2015

 
48,000 (8)

 
244,320

 

 

 
 
16,000

 

 

 
12

 
4/27/2021

 
3/10/2015

 
8,000 (7)

 
100,640

 

 

 
 
3,125

 
3,125 (2)

 

 
3

 
4/25/2022

 
3/10/2015

 
32,000  (9)

 
402,560

 

 

 
 
75,000

 
75,000 (2)

 

 
2

 
5/16/2022

 
3/31/2015

 
536,547 (10)

 
2,999,298

 

 

 
 
80,000

 

 

 
2

 
7/24/2022

 
12/23/2015

 
50,000 (11)

 
629,000

 

 

 
 
98,667

 

 

 
3

 
9/18/2022

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
150,000

 

 

 
10

 
7/18/2023

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guerrero Arias, Ismael
 

 

 

 

 

 
3/6/2015

 
25,000 (3)

 
127,250

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
3/31/2015

 
670,684 (10)

 
3,749,124

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
12/22/2015

 
10,000 (12)

 
55,900

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
12/22/2015

 
27,000 (13)

 
137,430

 

 

 
 

 

 

 
$

 

 
12/22/2015

 
6,000 (11)

 
$
75,480

 

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


116


 
 
Options Awards
 
Stock Awards
Name
 
Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Exercisable
 
Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Unexercisable
 
Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Options
 
Option Exercise Price
 
Option Expiration Date (18)
 
Grant Date of Stock Award
 
 Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested
 
Market Value of Shares of Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (1)
 
Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested
 
Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested
Kravtsova, Yana
 

 

 

 
$

 

 
2/2/2015

 
20,000 (3)

 
$
101,800

 

 
$

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
3/31/2015

 
357,698 (10)

 
1,999,532

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
12/22/2015

 
10,000 (12)

 
55,900

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
12/22/2015

 
27,000 (13)

 
137,430

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
12/22/2015

 
6,000 (11)

 
75,480

 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hernandez, Alejandro
 
56,250

 

 

 
29

 
2/20/2016

 
9/29/2014

 
93,750 (14)

 
1,179,375

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
10/9/2015

 
12,500 (15)

 
69,875

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
10/16/2015

 
12,500 (16)

 
157,250

 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Domenech Zornoza, Carlos
 
193,700

 

 

 
12

 
2/18/2016

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
136,125

 

 

 
3

 
2/18/2016

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Avenier, Jeremy
 

 
12,500 (2)

 

 
4

 
4/16/2023

 
5/2/2014

 
16,500 (17)

 
83,985

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
9/26/2014

 
536,547 (10)

 
2,999,298

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
12/22/2015

 
10,000 (12)

 
55,900

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
12/22/2015

 
27,000 (13)

 
137,430

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 
12/22/2015

 
6,000 (11)

 
75,480

 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
O'Rourke, Stephen C.
 
100,000

 

 

 
12

 
10/4/2020

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
32,300

 

 

 
12

 
4/27/2021

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
150,000

 

 

 
3

 
4/25/2022

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
56,693

 

 

 
2

 
7/24/2022

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
75,000

 

 

 
$
3

 
9/18/2022

 

 

 
$

 

 
$


1.
Based on SunEdison’s closing stock price on December 31, 2015 of $5.09, and on TerraForm Power, Inc. closing stock price on December 31, 2015 of $12.58, and on the Company’s closing stock price on December 31, 2015 of $5.59.
2.
Represents RSUs granted under the Amended and Restated SunEdison 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. These RSUs vest in increments of 25% over four years commencing on the first anniversary of the grant date.
3.
Represents RSUs granted under the Amended and Restated SunEdison 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. These RSUs vest in increments of 25% over four years commencing on the first anniversary of the grant date.
4.
Represents RSUs granted under the Amended and Restated SunEdison 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. These RSUs vest in increments of 33%, 33%, and 34% over three years commencing on the first anniversary of the grant date.


117


5.
Represents RSUs granted under the Amended and Restated SunEdison 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. The RSUs granted under the Amended and Restated SunEdison 2010 Equity Incentive Plan vest, if at all, upon the achievement of certain performance criteria. If SunEdison’s stock price attains certain targets over the period ended June 30, 2016, that portion of the earned grant would vest at 50% on the grant date anniversary in 2017 and 50% on the grant date anniversary in 2018. If the stock price attained a set target from the period beginning July 1, 2016 until May 2, 2018, that portion of the earned grant would vest 50% on the grant date anniversary in 2017 and 50% on the grant date anniversary in 2018 or 100% in 2018 depending on the date the target is achieved.
6.
Represents RSUs granted under the Amended and Restated SunEdison 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. The RSUs granted under the Amended and Restated 2010 Equity Incentive Plan vest in increments of 50% on the third and the fifth anniversaries of the grant date.
7.
Represents RSUs granted under TerraForm Power, Inc. Long Term Investment Plan. These RSUs vest in increments of 25% over four years commencing on the first anniversary of the grant date.
8.
Represents RSUs granted under Amended and Restated SunEdison 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. These RSUs are based on performance. There are three performance tiers, each tier represents 33 percent of the entire grant. The performance tiers are measured on the dividend per share (DPS) of TerraForm Power, Inc. Each of the performance tiers are based on TerraForm DPS targets, as predetermined and approved by SunEdison’s Compensation Committee. If certain performance goals are not achieved, the first, second and third performance tiers are forfeited in its entirety. If certain performance goals are met by the first quarter or 2016, 2017 and 2018, as measured by the last twelve months, the first, second and third tier will vest at 50%, 75% or 100%.
9.
Represents RSUs granted under the 2014 TerraForm Power, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan. These RSUs are based on performance. There are three performance tiers, each tier represents 33 percent of the entire grant. The performance tiers are measured on the DPS of TerraForm Power, Inc. Each of the performance tiers are based on TerraForm DPS targets, as predetermined and approved by SunEdison’s Compensation Committee. If certain performance goals are not achieved, the first, second and third performance tiers are forfeited in its entirety. If certain performance goals are met by the first quarter or 2016, 2017 and 2018, as measured by the last twelve months, the first, second and third tier will vest at 50%, 75% or 100%.
10.
Represents RSUs granted under the TerraForm Global, Inc. 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan. These RSUs vest in increments of 25% over four years commencing on the first anniversary of August 5, 2016.
11.
Represents RSUs granted under the 2014 TerraForm Power, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan. These RSUs vest in increments of 25% on the first and second anniversary of the grant date, and 50% on the third anniversary of the grant date.
12.
Represents RSUs granted under the TerraForm Global, Inc. 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan. These RSUs vest in increments of 25% on the first and second anniversary of the grant date, and 50% on the third anniversary of the grant date.
13.
Represents RSUs granted under Amended and Restated SunEdison 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. These RSUs vest in increments of 25% on the first and second anniversary of the grant date, and 50% on the third anniversary of the grant date.
14.
Represents RSUs granted under the 2014 TerraForm Power, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan. These RSUs vest in increments of 25% on September 15, 2015, 25% on September 8, 2016, and 50% on September 8, 2017. Pursuant to a separation agreement between the Company, TerraForm Power, Inc., SunEdison, Inc. and Mr. Hernandez, 93,750 RSUs previously awarded to Mr. Hernandez on September 29, 2014 by TerraForm Power, Inc. vested on Mr. Hernandez's termination date of November 20, 2015; however, the vested RSUs were not settled until January 2016. As part of the separation agreement, Mr. Hernandez forfeited his remaining 93,750 RSUs awarded by TerraForm Power, Inc. as of the termination date.
15.
Pursuant to the separation agreement between the Company, TerraForm Power, Inc., SunEdison, Inc. and Mr. Hernandez, Mr. Hernandez became vested in 12,500 RSUs awarded to Mr. Hernandez by the Company on October 9, 2015.
16.
Pursuant to the separation agreement between the Company, TerraForm Power, Inc., SunEdison, Inc. and Mr. Hernandez, Mr. Hernandez became vested in 12,500 RSUs awarded to Mr. Hernandez by TerraForm Power, Inc. on October 12, 2016.
17.
Represents RSUs granted under the Amended and Restated SunEdison 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. These RSUs vest in increments of 25% on the second and third anniversary of the grant date, and 50% on the fourth anniversary of the grant date.
18.
The grant date of all stock option awards is ten years prior to the expiration date.



118


Option Exercises and Stock Vested
The following table sets forth certain information concerning stock option exercises and the vesting of restricted stock units during 2015 by the named executive officers of the Company.
 
 
Option Awards
 
Stock Awards
Name
 
Number of Shares Acquired on Exercise (#)
 
Value Realized on Exercise ($)
 
Number of Shares Acquired on Vesting (#)
 
Value Realized on Vesting ($)
Cranna, Rebecca
 

 
N/A

 
38,500

 
771,560

Guerrero Arias, Ismael
 

 
N/A

 

 
N/A

Kravtsova, Yana
 

 
N/A

 

 
N/A

Wuebbels, Brian A.
 

 
N/A

 
16,562

 
468,440

Domenech Zornoza, Carlos
 
272,250

 
6,156,522

 
622,468

 

Hernandez, Alejandro
 

 
N/A

 
62,500

 
1,281,875

Avenier, Jeremy
 
6,250

 
151,899

 

 
N/A

O'Rourke, Stephen C.
 
325,307

 
4,321,250

 

 
N/A

Potential Payment Upon Termination or Change in Control
The following table describes, assuming a termination date of December 31, 2015, an approximation of (i) the amounts which would be due to each of our named executive officers in the form of salary continuation, (ii) the amounts which would be due to each of our named executive officers in the form of lump sum cash payments, (iii) the value of acceleration of vesting applicable to stock options and restricted stock units for each of the named executive officers and (iv) continuation of certain healthcare benefits due to certain named executive officers pursuant to their employment agreements or under SunEdison’s severance policy described above, in each case in the event of the named executive officer’s (a) death, (b) disability, (c) termination for cause, (d) termination in connection with a change in control, and (e) impact of a change in control without termination. Any actual amounts payable to each executive listed below upon his termination can only be determined definitively at the time of each executive’s actual termination.
Under our equity plans and SunEdison’s equity plans, an employee (including named executive officers) must be terminated without cause, must resign for good reason within two years following a change in control of SunEdison in order to receive accelerated vesting of stock options and RSUs. Under our equity plans, “good reason” is generally considered a material diminution in an employee’s duties and responsibilities, a decrease in an employee’s base salary or benefits or a relocation of an employee’s work location of more than 50 miles. The plans also provide for accelerated vesting upon the individual’s death or disability during active employment with the Company. In addition, we may designate certain equity grants as eligible for acceleration in circumstances beyond those listed above.
Under SunEdison’s severance policy, each of the named executive officers may be eligible to receive 12 months’ salary continuation and continuation of healthcare benefits if terminated (other than for cause) and, in the case of Mr. Chatila, a lump sum payment equivalent to his target annual incentive opportunity. The salary continuation is paid bi-weekly in accordance with our regular payroll practices for such 12-month period. Receipt of these payments is conditioned on the employee agreeing to execute a standard general release and waiver and to abide by his or her employee confidentiality and non-compete agreement, which provides for a two-year non-compete period and two- (or sometimes three-) year non-solicitation (of SunEdison employees and SunEdison customers) period.
Name/ Circumstance
 
 Salary
Continuation ($)(1)
 
 Lump Sum Cash
 
Accel.
Vesting ($) (2)
 
  Continuation of Healthcare
 
 Total ($)
Cranna, Rebecca
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Death
 

 

 
2,717,967

 

 
2,717,967

Disability
 

 

 
2,717,967

 

 
2,717,967

Severance Termination
 
399,149

 

 

 
16,217

 
415,366

Termination for Cause
 

 

 

 

 

Involuntary Termination if Change-in-Control
 
399,149

 

 
2,717,967

 
16,217

 
3,133,333

Change-in-Control (no termination)
 

 

 

 

 



119


Wuebbels, Brian A.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Death
 

 

 
5,346,403

 

 
5,346,403

Disability
 

 

 
5,346,403

 

 
5,346,403

Severance Termination
 
500,500

 

 

 
16,364

 
516,864

Termination for Cause
 

 

 

 

 

Involuntary Termination if Change-in-Control
 
500,500

 

 
5,346,403

 
16,364

 
5,863,267

Change-in-Control (no termination)
 

 

 

 

 

Guerrero Arias, Ismael (3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Death
 

 

 
4,145,184

 

 
4,145,184

Disability
 

 

 
4,145,184

 

 
4,145,184

Severance Termination
 
152,128

 

 

 

 
152,128

Termination for Cause
 

 

 

 

 

Involuntary Termination if Change-in-Control
 
152,128

 

 
4,145,184

 

 
4,297,312

Change-in-Control (no termination)
 

 

 

 

 

Kravtsova, Yana
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Death
 

 

 
2,370,142

 

 
2,370,142

Disability
 

 

 
2,370,142

 

 
2,370,142

Severance Termination
 
150,000

 

 

 
19,053

 
169,053

Termination for Cause
 

 

 

 

 

Involuntary Termination if Change-in-Control
 
150,000

 

 
2,370,142

 
19,053

 
2,539,195

Change-in-Control (no termination)
 

 

 

 

 

Hernandez, Alejandro (4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Death
 

 

 

 

 

Disability
 

 

 

 

 

Severance Termination
 

 

 

 

 

Termination for Cause
 

 

 

 

 

Involuntary Termination if Change-in-Control
 

 

 

 

 

Change-in-Control (no termination)
 

 

 

 

 

Domenech Zornoza, Carlos (4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Death
 

 

 

 

 

Disability
 

 

 

 

 

Severance Termination
 

 

 

 

 

Termination for Cause
 

 

 

 

 

Involuntary Termination if Change-in-Control
 

 

 

 

 

Change-in-Control (no termination)
 

 

 

 

 

Avenier, Jeremy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Death
 

 

 
3,360,468

 

 
3,360,468

Disability
 

 

 
3,360,468

 

 
3,360,468

Severance Termination
 
137,500

 

 

 
19,053

 
156,553

Termination for Cause
 

 

 

 

 

Involuntary Termination if Change-in-Control
 
137,500

 

 
3,360,468

 
19,053

 
3,517,021

Change-in-Control (no termination)
 

 

 

 

 

O'Rourke, Stephen C. (4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Death
 

 

 

 

 

Disability
 

 

 

 

 

Severance Termination
 

 

 

 

 

Termination for Cause
 

 

 

 

 

Involuntary Termination if Change-in-Control
 

 

 

 

 

Change-in-Control (no termination)
 

 

 

 

 



120


1.
Each of our named executive officers who are a Senior Vice President level or above would be entitled to 12 months’ salary continuation if terminated without cause under SunEdison’s severance policy, Vice Presidents would be entitled to 6 months' salary continuation.
2.
Reflects a valuation of the acceleration of the named executive officer’s outstanding options and RSUs calculated based on the closing price of SunEdison common stock on December 31, 2015; and the closing stock price on December 31, 2015 of TerraForm Power, Inc. and the closing stock price on December 31, 2015 of TerraForm Global, Inc. The actual amount received by the named executive officer upon the sale of shares received under RSUs or following the exercise of options would depend on the actual market value at the time of such sale.
3.
Paid in Singapore dollars in the amount of S$429,000 annually. Amount has been converted to US$ as of December 31, 2015 of US$1.00=S$1.41. As a Vice President he is entitled to 6-months salary for a qualifying termination.
4.
Mr. Domenech Zornoza, Mr. Hernandez, and Mr. O'Rourke left the Company prior to December 31, 2015
August 2016 Letter Agreements

On August 24, 2016, we entered into a letter agreement with our Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary Yana Kravtsova with respect to certain severance and compensation terms (the “August 24 Letter Agreement”). TerraForm Power, Inc. (“TerraForm Power”) was also a party to the August 24 Letter Agreement with respect to its agreement to have the August 24 Letter Agreement assigned to it if Ms. Kravtsova becomes employed by TerraForm Power.

On August 30, 2016, TerraForm Power entered into a letter agreement with its and our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Rebecca Cranna with respect to similar severance and compensation terms (the “August 30 Letter Agreement” and, together with the August 24 Letter Agreement, the “Letter Agreements”). We were also a party to the August 30 Letter Agreement with respect to its agreement to (a) share the financial obligations with TerraForm Power if Ms. Cranna performs duties for both TerraForm Power and us and (b) have the August 30 Letter Agreement assigned to us if Ms. Cranna is employed solely by us.

We entered the Letter Agreements to encourage such officers to remain employed by SunEdison or, as may become applicable, us or a subsidiary of ours. Other than the Chairman and Interim Chief Executive Officer Peter Blackmore, all of the personnel that manage our operations are employees of SunEdison.

The Letter Agreements cover four primary areas, in each case subject to additional terms and conditions contained in the Letter Agreements. For the August 24 Letter Agreement, the references below to the “Company” are to us unless the agreement has been assigned to TerraForm Power. For the August 30 Letter Agreement, references below to the “Company” with respect to financial obligations are to both TerraForm Power and us (subject to the cost splitting with regard to Ms. Cranna described above) and otherwise to TerraForm Power unless the agreement has been assigned to us.

• First, if within a year of the applicable Letter Agreement, SunEdison terminates the officer’s employment without cause or the officer resigns from SunEdison for good reason, the Company shall offer the officer at-will employment under the terms set forth in the Letter Agreement.

• Second, if the officer accepts a position with the Company pursuant to the transfer described above or otherwise and is later terminated without cause, resigns for good reason or dies, the officer is eligible to receive a lump-sum cash severance of one year of base salary and a payment equal to 12 months of COBRA health premiums.

• Third, if the officer ceases to be an employee of SunEdison and becomes an employee of the Company, the Company will provide a base salary of $300,000 annualized for Ms. Kravtsova and $401,144.8 annualized for Ms. Cranna.

• Fourth, whether the officer remains employed by SunEdison or is employed by the Company, the officer is eligible to participate in an annual variable incentive plan (the “Bonus Plan”) of the Company as of January 1, 2016. The target under the Bonus Plan for Ms. Kravtsova is 50% of the base salary, with a minimum, assuming at least minimum performance, of 33% and a maximum of 67%. The target under the Bonus Plan for Ms. Cranna is 60% of the base salary, with a minimum, assuming at least minimum performance, of 40% and a maximum of 120%. For 2016, such officers are also eligible for an additional bonus, with a target of 12.5% and maximum of 25% of base salary, depending on performance.



121


Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder
Matters.

The following table sets forth certain information known to us regarding beneficial ownership of our voting securities as of November 30, 2016 by:
each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of any class of our voting securities;
each of our directors;
each of our named executive officers; and
all executive officers and directors as a group.
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. Except as noted by footnote below, and subject to community property laws where applicable, the persons named in the table below have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares shown as beneficially owned by them. The table below is based upon information supplied by officers, directors and principal stockholders and Schedules 13D or 13G filed with the SEC.
This table lists applicable percentage ownership based on 115,939,615 shares of our Class A common stock, 61,343,054 shares of our Class B common stock, and no shares of our Class B1 common stock (collectively, our “Common Stock”), in each case outstanding as of November 30, 2016. Shares issuable upon exercise of options to purchase shares of our Common Stock that are exercisable within 60 days of November 30, 2016, and shares underlying vested RSUs and underlying RSUs that will vest within 60 days of November 30, 2016, are deemed to be beneficially owned by the persons holding these options for the purpose of computing percentage ownership of that person, but are not treated as outstanding for the purpose of computing any other person’s ownership percentage.
Unless otherwise indicated in the table or footnotes below, the address for each beneficial owner is c/o TerraForm Global, Inc., 7550 Wisconsin Avenue, 9th Floor, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.


122


 
 
Beneficial Ownership (a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Class A Common Stock
 
Class B Common Stock
 
 
Name of Beneficial Owner
 
Number of Shares
 
%
 
Number of Shares
 
%
 
% of Total Voting Power
5% or more Stockholders:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SunEdison(b)
 
2,000,000
 
 
61,343,054
 
100%
 
98.2%
Renova Energia S.A.(c)
 
20,327,499
 
17.5
 
 
 
 
 
 
Luminus Energy Partners Master Fund, Ltd. and Luminus Management, LLC(d)
 
6,553,656
 
5.6
 
 
 
 
 
 
Leon G. Cooperman(e)
 
6,013,155
 
5.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vincent C. Smith(f)
 
7,000,979
 
6.0
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors, Named Executive Officers and Executive Officers:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Peter Blackmore
 
59,100
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rebecca Cranna
 
119,424
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ismael Guerrero Arias
 
680,684
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
Yana Kravtsova
 
368,298
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
David Ringhofer
 
3,000
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hanif “Wally” Dahya
 
52,500
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
John F. Stark
 
59,100
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
Christopher Compton
 
59,100
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gregory Scallen
 
750
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
David Springer
 
5,000
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mark Lerdal
 
60,900
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
Frederick Boyle
 
40,900
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
Brian A. Wuebbels
 
536,547
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
Carlos Domenech Zornoza
 
1,416,993
 
1.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alejandro Hernandez
 
536,547
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jeremy Avenier
 
541,547
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors and Executive Officers as a group (13 persons)
 
4,540,390
 
3.9
 
 
 
 
 
 
* Less than 1%
(a)
Represents shares of Class A common stock or shares of Class B common stock beneficially owned. Holders of shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock vote together as a single class on all matters presented to our stockholders for their vote or approval, except as otherwise required by applicable law. Each share of our Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share and each share of our Class B common stock is entitled to 100 votes per share.
(b)
Represents shares of Class B common stock held directly or indirectly by SunEdison Holdings Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of SunEdison. SunEdison Holdings Corporation does not own any shares of Class A common stock. However, SunEdison Holdings Corporation owns 61,343,054 Class B units of Global LLC, which are exchangeable (together with shares of our Class B common stock) for shares of our Class A common stock at any time. As a result, SunEdison Holdings Corporation may be deemed to beneficially own the shares of Class A common stock for which such Class B units are exchangeable. The principal place of business for these entities is 13736 Riverport Drive, Suite 1000, Maryland Heights, Missouri 63043.
(c)
As set forth in a Schedule 13D filed by Renova Energia A.A. (“Renova”) with the SEC on September 28, 2015. According to the filing, Renova has sole voting and dispositive power over 20,327,499 shares of Class A common stock. Renova’s principal place of business is located at Avenida Roque Petroni Junior, 999, 4 andar, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil 04707-910.
(d)
As set forth in a Schedule 13G filed by Luminus Energy Partners Master Fund, Ltd. and Luminus Management, LLC with the SEC on March 11, 2016. According to the filing, Luminus Energy Partners Masters Fund, Ltd. and Luminus Management, LLC, which is the investment advisor of Luminus Energy Partners Master Fund, Ltd., share voting and dispositive power over 6,553,656 shares of Class A common stock. The address for Luminus Energy Partners Master Fund, Ltd. and Luminus Management, LLC is 1700 Broadway, 38th Floor, New York, NY 10019.


123


(e)
As set forth in a Schedule 13G filed by Mr. Cooperman with the SEC on February 5, 2016. According to the filing, Mr. Cooperman is the Managing Member of Omega Associates, L.L.C. (“Associates”). Associates, a private investment firm, is the general partner of Omega Capital Partners, L.P. (“Capital LP”), Omega Capital Investors, L.P. (“Investors LP”), and Omega Equity Investors, L.P. (“Equity LP”). Mr. Cooperman is the President, CEO, and majority stockholder of Omega Advisors, Inc. (“Advisors”). Advisors serves as the investment manager to Omega Overseas Partners, Ltd. (“Overseas”). Advisors serve as a discretionary investment advisor to a limited number of institutional clients (the “Managed Accounts”). Mr. Cooperman is the ultimate controlling person of Associates, Capital LP, Investors LP, Equity LP, Overseas, and Advisors. Mr. Cooperman may be deemed the beneficial owner of 6,013,155 shares of Class A common stock. This consists of 1,333,333 shares of Class A common stock owned by Capital LP; 652,631 shares of Class A common stock owned by Investors LP; 673,684 shares of Class A common stock owned by Equity LP; 1,768,421 shares of Class A common stock owned by Overseas; and 1,585,086 shares of Class A common stock owned by the Managed Accounts. As to the 1,585,086 shares of Class A common stock owned by the Managed Accounts, there would be shared power to dispose or to direct the disposition of such shares because the owners of the Managed Accounts may be deemed beneficial owners of such shares pursuant to Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Act as a result of their right to terminate the discretionary account within a period of 60 days. Mr. Cooperman’s address is 11431 W. Palmetto Park Road, Boca Raton FL 33428. The principal business office of Capital LP, Investors LP, Equity LP, Overseas, and Advisors is 810 Seventh Avenue, 33rd floor, New York, New York 10019.
(f)
As set forth in a Schedule 13G filed by Mr. Smith with the SEC on May 6, 2016. According to the filing, Mr. Smith is the sole beneficial owner of 7,000,979 shares of Class A common stock. The business address for Mr. Smith is 2560 East Chapman Avenue #173, Orange, CA 92869.

Arrangements Affecting Change in Control of the Company
SunEdison has pledged, in the aggregate, 100% of the shares of Class B common stock and Class B units that it owns to its lenders as security under (i) a Margin Loan Agreement with the lenders party thereto and Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch, as the administrative agent and the calculation agent thereunder (the “Margin Loan Agreement”), (ii) the 3.75% Guaranteed Exchangeable Senior Secured Notes due 2020 issued pursuant to an Indenture, dated January 29, 2015 (the “Exchangeable Note Indenture”), and (iii) under its credit facility with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, Goldman Sachs Bank USA and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., as joint lead arrangers and joint syndication agents, Goldman Sachs Bank USA, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Wells Fargo Securities, LLC and Macquarie Capital (USA) Inc., as joint bookrunners, and the lenders identified in the credit agreement (the “Credit Facility”). If SunEdison breaches certain covenants and obligations in the Margin Loan Agreement, the Exchangeable Note Indenture or the Credit Facility, an event of default could result and the lenders could exercise their right to accelerate all the debt under the Margin Loan Agreement, the Exchangeable Note Indenture or the Credit Facility, as applicable, and foreclose on the pledged shares (and a corresponding number of Class B units).
Because SunEdison owns a majority of the combined voting power of our common stock, the occurrence of an event of default, foreclosure, and a subsequent sale of all, or substantially all, of the shares of Class A common stock received upon foreclosure of any pledged securities could result in a change of control. SunEdison, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, SunEdison Holdings Corporation, owns 61,343,054 Class B units of Global LLC, which are exchangeable (together with shares of our Class B common stock) for shares of our Class A common stock.
See “Item 1. Business—Recent Developments—SunEdison Bankruptcy”, “Item 1A. Risk Factors— Risks Related to our Relationship with SunEdison and the SunEdison Bankruptcy” and other disclosures in this annual report for additional information relating to the SunEdison Bankruptcy.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The following table sets forth information with respect to all of our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2015:


124


 
Number of Securities to be Issued Upon
Weighted-Average Exercise Price of
Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance under
 
Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights (1)
Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights (2)
Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Securities Reflected in Column (a) (3)
 
(a)
(b)
(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
10,620,603
N/A
7,251,807

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
N/A
N/A
N/A
Total
10,620,603
N/A
7,251,807

(1) Number of shares subject to adjustment for changes in capitalization for stock splits, stock dividends and similar events.
(2) Shares underlying restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock awards are deliverable without payment of consideration by recipient.
(3) These shares are issuable under the TerraForm Global, Inc. 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

As provided by our Conflicts Committee charter adopted in connection with our IPO, our Conflicts Committee is responsible for reviewing and recommending to the board whether to approve in advance any material related party transactions between us and SunEdison or its affiliates. The members of our Conflicts Committee determine whether to recommend a related party transaction in the exercise of their fiduciary duties as directors.

See Item 15. Note 18 - Related Parties to our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, Item 1. Business-Recent Developments-SunEdison Bankruptcy, and Item 1. Business-Acquisitions for information regarding certain relationships and related transactions, including those with SunEdison. See Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance-Corporate Governance and Board Matters for information regarding director independence.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
Audit and Non-Audit Fees
The following table represents aggregate fees billed or to be billed to us for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 by KPMG LLP, our principal independent registered public accounting firm:
 
 
Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
Audit fees(a)
 
$
6,956,251

 
$
1,498,900

Audit related fees(b)
 
6,622

 
110,000

Tax fees
 
10,000

 

All other fees
 

 

Total
 
$
6,972,873

 
$
1,608,900

(a)
Audit Fees. This category includes KPMG LLP’s audit of our annual consolidated financial statements and review of financial statements included in our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. This category also includes advice on audit and accounting matters that arose during, or as a result of, the audit or review of interim financial statements.
(b)
Services rendered in connection with our registration statements filed on Form S-1 and services that are normally provided by independent registered public accountants in connection with regulatory filings or engagements for those fiscal years.
All fees described above were approved by our Audit Committee.



125


Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures
The Audit Committee’s policy is to pre-approve all audit and permissible non-audit services rendered by KPMG LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm. The Audit Committee pre-approves specified services in defined categories of audit services, audit-related services and tax services up to specified amounts, as part of the Audit Committee’s approval of the scope of the engagement of KPMG LLP or on an individual case-by-case basis before KPMG LLP is engaged to provide a service. The Audit Committee has determined that the rendering of the services other than audit services by KPMG LLP is compatible with maintaining the principal accountant’s independence.



126


PART IV

Item 15. Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(a) The following documents are filed as a part of this annual report

(1) Financial Statements:


(2) Financial Statement Schedules:
The information required to be submitted in the Financial Statement Schedules for TerraForm Global, Inc. has either been shown in the financial statements or notes, or is not applicable or required under Regulation S-X; therefore, those schedules have been omitted

(3) Exhibits:
See Exhibit Index submitted as a separate section of this annual report.




127


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
TerraForm Global, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of TerraForm Global, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three‑year period ended December 31, 2015. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of TerraForm Global, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three‑year period ended December 31, 2015, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedules have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, SunEdison, Inc. (the Company’s sponsor) and certain of its affiliates filed for bankruptcy on April 21, 2016. The risk of substantive consolidation of the Company with SunEdison and inclusion in the SunEdison bankruptcy, as well as the risk of future covenant defaults under a number of the Company’s financing arrangements, also discussed in note 1, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

/s/ KPMG LLP
St. Louis, Missouri                                                December 20, 2016




128


TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share data)

 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
Operating revenues, net
$
124,116

 
$
39,449

 
$
22,196

Operating costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of operations
9,964

 
1,999

 
355

Cost of operations - affiliate
6,388

 
2,257

 
1,311

General and administrative expense
11,603

 
1,349

 
1,047

General and administrative expense - affiliate
20,668

 
10,850

 
4,790

Acquisition, formation and related costs
39,358

 

 

Depreciation, accretion and amortization expense
28,769

 
7,167

 
4,785

Provision for contingent loss on deposit for acquisitions
231,000

 

 

Total operating costs and expenses
347,750

 
23,622

 
12,288

Operating (loss) income
(223,634
)
 
15,827

 
9,908

Other expense (income):
 
 
 
 
 
Loss on extinguishment of debt, net
2,298

 

 

Interest expense, net
107,648

 
24,294

 
11,812

Gain on previously held equity investment
(1,426
)
 

 

Loss (gain) on foreign currency exchange, net
35,363

 
(4,038
)
 
2,247

Other income, net
(1,366
)
 
(1,090
)
 
(223
)
Total other expenses, net
142,517

 
19,166

 
13,836

Loss before income tax expense
(366,151
)
 
(3,339
)
 
(3,928
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
4,858

 
1,700

 
(1,651
)
Net loss
(371,009
)
 
$
(5,039
)
 
$
(2,277
)
Less: Predecessor loss prior to initial public offering on August 5, 2015
(39,353
)
 
 
 
 
Net loss subsequent to initial public offering
(331,656
)
 

 

Less: Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests
(118,995
)
 
 
 
 
Net loss attributable to TerraForm Global, Inc. Class A common stockholders
$
(212,661
)
 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average number of shares:
 
 
 
 
 
Class A common stock - Basic and diluted
100,813

 
 
 
 
Loss per share:
 
 
 
 
 
Class A common stock - Basic and diluted
$
(2.11
)
 
 
 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


129


TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(In thousands)

 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
Net loss
 
$
(371,009
)
 
$
(5,039
)
 
$
(2,277
)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net foreign currency translation adjustments
 
(9,363
)
 
(8,167
)
 
(5,161
)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on hedging instruments
 
13,747

 
(12,903
)
 
2,762

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
 
4,384

 
(21,070
)
 
(2,399
)
Total comprehensive loss
 
(366,625
)
 
(26,109
)
 
(4,676
)
Less: Predecessor comprehensive loss prior to initial public offering on August 5, 2015
 
(43,453
)
 
(26,109
)
 
(4,676
)
Comprehensive loss subsequent to initial public offering
 
(323,172
)
 
$

 
$

Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interests:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
 
(118,995
)
 
 
 
 
Net foreign currency translation adjustments
 
(12,990
)
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gain on hedging instruments
 
2,426

 
 
 
 
Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interest
 
(129,559
)
 
 
 
 
Comprehensive loss attributable to Class A common stockholders
 
$
(193,613
)
 
 
 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


130


TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
 
December 31,
(In thousands, except per share data)
2015
 
2014
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
921,946

 
$
150,146

Cash committed for construction projects

 
42,416

Current portion of restricted cash, including consolidated variable interest entities of $46,321 and $1,860 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively
119,151

 
22,083

Accounts receivable, net
30,287

 
11,728

Prepaid expenses and other current assets, including consolidated variable interest entities of $123,876 as of December 31, 2015 and zero as of December 31, 2014
144,743

 
8,293

Total current assets
1,216,127


234,666

Power plants, net, including consolidated variable interest entities of $478,884 and $174,804 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively
1,148,350

 
386,079

Restricted cash
22,582

 
21,312

Intangible assets, net including consolidated variable interest entities of $51,159 as of December 31, 2015 and zero as of December 31, 2014
70,630

 

Equity method investment
73,249

 

Deposit for acquisitions, net including consolidated variable interest entities of $40,134 as of December 31, 2015 and zero as of December 31, 2014
51,101

 

Due from SunEdison, net
10,110

 

Other assets
66,901

 
31,399

Total assets
$
2,659,050


$
673,456

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt, including consolidated variable interest entities of $326,535 and 3,703 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively
$
327,714

 
$
31,542

Accounts payable
8,034

 
9,894

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities, including consolidated variable interest entities of $34,338 and $1,286 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively
123,280

 
2,326

Deferred tax liabilities

 
1,384

Due to SunEdison, net

 
47,266

Total current liabilities
459,028


92,412

Long-term debt, less current portion
968,047

 
492,569

Asset retirement obligations
8,629

 
5,049

Other long-term liabilities
1,455

 
31,781

Deferred tax liabilities, including consolidated variable interest entities of $37,295 as of December 31, 2015 and zero as of December 31, 2014
39,482

 
2,881

Total liabilities
1,476,641


624,692

Stockholders’ Equity:
 
 
 
Invested equity

 
75,285

Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, 50,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2015 or 2014

 

Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 2,750,000,000 shares authorized, 114,630,318 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2015, no shares issued or outstanding as of December 31, 2014
1,146

 

Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 61,343,054 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2015, no shares issued or outstanding as of December 31, 2014
613

 

Class B1 common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 550,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding as of December 31, 2015 or 2014

 

Treasury stock, at cost, 5,244 shares owned as of December 31, 2015, no shares owned as of December 31, 2014
(28
)
 

Additional paid-in capital
923,924

 

Accumulated deficit
(212,661
)
 



131


Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(11,253
)
 
(26,521
)
Total TerraForm Global, Inc. stockholders’ equity
701,741


48,764

Non-controlling interests
480,668

 

Total stockholders’ equity
1,182,409


48,764

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
2,659,050


$
673,456

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


132


TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
(In thousands)

 
Controlling Interest
 
Non-controlling Interests
 
 
Net SunEdison Investment
Class A Common Stock
Class B Common Stock
Treasury Stock
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated Deficit
 
 
 
Accumulated Deficit
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
Total Stockholders’ Equity
 
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Total
 
Capital
Total
Balance at January 1, 2013
$
35,749


$


$

$

$

$

$
(3,052
)
$

$
32,697

 
$

$

$

$

$
32,697

Net loss
(2,277
)









(2,277
)
 




(2,277
)
Contributions from SunEdison, net
41,680










41,680

 




41,680

Other comprehensive loss








$
(2,399
)

(2,399
)
 




(2,399
)
Balance at December 31, 2013
$
75,152


$


$

$

$

$

$
(5,451
)
$

$
69,701

 
$

$

$

$

69,701

Net loss
(5,039
)









(5,039
)
 




(5,039
)
Contributions from SunEdison, net
5,172










5,172

 




5,172

Other comprehensive loss








(21,070
)

(21,070
)
 




(21,070
)
Balance at December 31, 2014
$
75,285


$


$

$

$

$

$
(26,521
)
$

$
48,764

 
$

$

$

$

$
48,764

Contributions from SunEdison, net
15,741










15,741

 




15,741

Private Placements
486,017










486,017

 




486,017

Net loss
(39,353
)









(39,353
)
 




(39,353
)
Other comprehensive loss








(4,100
)

(4,100
)
 




(4,100
)
Balance at August 5, 2015
$
537,690


$


$

$

$

$

$
(30,621
)
$

$
507,069

 
$

$

$

$

$
507,069


(continued)


133


TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
(In thousands)

 
Controlling Interest
 
Non-controlling Interests
 
 
Net SunEdison Investment
Class A Common Stock
Class B Common Stock
Treasury Stock
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated Deficit
 
 
 
Accumulated Deficit
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
Total Stockholders’ Equity
 
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Total
 
Capital
Total
Balance at August 5, 2015
$
537,690


$


$

$

$

$

$
(30,621
)
$

$
507,069

 
$

$

$

$

$
507,069

Establish U.S. deferred tax assets and
liabilities, net at IPO
5,541










5,541

 




5,541

Establish non-controlling interests in power plants
(66,223
)







8,653


(57,570
)
 
66,223


(8,653
)
57,570


Conversion of former Class B common stock to Class B common stock and 469 to 1 stock split
(1,307
)


61,343,054

613



694




 





Conversion of Private Placement Class D units of Global LLC to Class A common stock
(486,017
)
36,471,710

365





485,652




 





Issuance of Class B membership units in TerraForm Global, LLC to SunEdison at IPO
10,316







(474,175
)


(463,859
)
 
463,859



463,859


Conversion of former Class C common stock to Class A common stock and 178 to 1 stock split

9,960,982

100





(100
)



 





Forfeiture of Class A common stock upon termination of employment

(2,186,428
)
(22
)




22




 





Issuance of Class A common stock to SunEdison at IPO

2,000,000

20





29,980



30,000

 




30,000

Issuance of Class A common stock related to public offering, net of issuance costs

43,000,000

430





588,648



589,078

 




589,078

Issuance of Class A common stock related to the Private Placement, net of issuance costs

4,500,000

45





63,084



63,129

 




63,129

Issuance of Class A common stock related to the acquisition of BioTherm

544,055

5





3,557



3,562

 
2,265



2,265

5,827

Issuance of Class A common stock related to the acquisition of Renova

20,327,499

203





120,148



120,351

 
63,206



63,206

183,557

Contribution by SunEdison of put / call agreement related to the acquisition of Renova











 
20,440



20,440

20,440

Stock-based compensation

12,500






1,601



1,601

 




1,601

Net loss









(212,661
)
(212,661
)
 

(118,995
)

(118,995
)
(331,656
)
Contributions from SunEdison, net











 
75,813



75,813

75,813

Other comprehensive gain/(loss)








10,715


10,715

 


(1,100
)
(1,100
)
9,615

Acquisitions of non-controlling interests











 
42,310



42,310

42,310

Dividends paid







(19,546
)


(19,546
)
 
(341
)


(341
)
(19,887
)
Acquisition of treasury stock





5,244

(28
)



(28
)
 




(28
)
Equity reallocation







124,359



124,359

 
(124,359
)


(124,359
)

Balance at December 31, 2015
$

114,630,318

$
1,146

61,343,054

$
613

$
5,244

$
(28
)
$
923,924

$
(11,253
)
$
(212,661
)
$
701,741

 
$
609,416

$
(118,995
)
$
(9,753
)
$
480,668

$
1,182,409

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


134


TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)

 
Year Ended December 31,
2015
 
2014
 
2013
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
$
(371,009
)
 
$
(5,039
)
 
$
(2,277
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of deferred financing costs
21,159

 
1,140

 
772

Depreciation, accretion and amortization
28,769

 
7,167

 
4,785

Stock-based compensation expense
1,601

 

 

Change in fair value of interest rate swaps
(5,639
)
 
705

 
(158
)
Provision for contingent loss on deposit for acquisitions
231,000



 

Gain on previously held equity investment
(1,426
)
 

 

Loss on extinguishment of debt
2,298

 

 

Unrealized gains on foreign currency, net
(21,383
)
 

 


Deferred tax expense (benefit)
3,230

 
1,461

 
(1,956
)
Other non-cash items
(763
)
 
 
 
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
3,187

 
(7,533
)
 
(2,766
)
Prepaid expenses and other assets
54,328

 
(656
)
 
(3,518
)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
61,072

 
(5,512
)
 
3,892

Due to/from SunEdison, net
3,197

 
23,327

 
(15,746
)
Net cash provided by (used in) by operating activities
9,621


15,060


(16,972
)
Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
(94,253
)
 
(190,267
)
 
(60,312
)
Change in cash committed for construction
40,573

 
(40,305
)
 
(2,120
)
Change in restricted cash
(29,435
)
 
(1,509
)
 
(38,776
)
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired
(266,025
)
 

 

Cash paid for equity method investment
(72,400
)
 

 

Cash paid for deposit for acquisitions
(276,400
)
 

 

Cash paid for settlement of foreign currency contracts
(54,524
)
 

 

Other

 
228

 
(745
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(752,464
)

(231,853
)

(101,953
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from Bridge Facility
400,000

 
150,000

 

Repayments on Bridge Facility
(550,000
)
 

 

Proceeds from Revolver
135,000

 

 

Proceeds from IPO, net of fees
623,970

 

 

Proceeds from 2022 Senior Notes, net of discount
799,899

 

 

Repayments on 2022 Senior Notes
(6,800
)
 

 

Repayments of system debt financing
(475,901
)
 
(8,693
)
 
(4,922
)
Proceeds from system debt financing
50,476

 
224,023

 
89,025

Net SunEdison investment
73,786

 
5,930

 
48,066

Proceeds from Private Placement, net of fee
549,147

 

 

Proceeds from loans from SunEdison and affiliates

 
3,951

 
2,580

Payment of dividends
(19,887
)
 

 

Payment of deferred financing costs
(42,731
)
 
(9,692
)
 
(16,110
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
1,536,959


365,519


118,639

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
794,116


148,726


(286
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
(22,316
)
 
(1,728
)
 
(576
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
150,146


3,148


4,010

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
921,946


$
150,146


$
3,148




135


TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(CONTINUED)
(In thousands)

 
Year Ended December 31,
2015
 
2014
 
2013
Supplemental disclosures:
 
 
 
 
 
Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized of $1,780, $1,623 and $633, respectively
$
73,837

 
$
22,754

 
$
8,784

Schedule of non-cash activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Additions to power plants in due to SunEdison, net
5,265

 
2,100

 
14,801

Additions of asset retirement obligation (“ARO”) assets and liabilities
863

 
2,930

 
1,733

ARO assets and obligations from acquisitions
3,690

 

 

Decrease in due to SunEdison, net in exchange for equity
76,362

 

 

Issuance of Class A common stock in connection with acquisitions of power plants
189,384

 

 

Non-controlling interest in Global LLC (Class B units) issued in connection with the initial public offering
463,859

 

 

Long-term debt assumed in connection with acquisitions
470,963

 

 

Viability Gap Funding subsidies receivable
17,910

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


136


TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS
Nature of Operations
TerraForm Global, Inc. (“Global”) was formed under the name SunEdison Emerging Markets Growth and Yield, Inc. on September 12, 2014, as a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of SunEdison, Inc. (“SunEdison”). The name of the Company was changed from SunEdison Emerging Markets Growth and Yield, Inc. to SunEdison Emerging Markets Yield, Inc. on September 26, 2014. The name change from SunEdison Emerging Markets Yield, Inc. to TerraForm Global, Inc. became effective on April 1, 2015. Following the Company’s initial public offering (“IPO”) on August 5, 2015, and as part of a series of formation transactions, the Company became a holding company and its sole asset is an equity interest in TerraForm Global, LLC (“Global LLC”), a globally diversified renewable energy company that owns, through its subsidiaries, wind and solar power plants and long-term contractual arrangements to sell the electricity generated by such power plants to third parties. The Company is the managing member of Global LLC and operates, controls and consolidates the business affairs of Global LLC.
On April 21, 2016, SunEdison and certain of its domestic and international subsidiaries voluntarily filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (the “SunEdison Bankruptcy”). The SunEdison Bankruptcy may have a material adverse effect on the Company given our reliance on SunEdison. The Company is not a part of the SunEdison Bankruptcy and does not rely substantially on SunEdison for funding or liquidity. The equity interests of the Company in the wind and solar power plants that are legally owned by its subsidiaries are not expected to be available to satisfy the claims of creditors in the SunEdison Bankruptcy. The Company continues to participate actively in the SunEdison Bankruptcy proceedings, and the SunEdison Bankruptcy will continue to have a negative impact on the Company given our complex relationship with SunEdison.
During the SunEdison Bankruptcy, SunEdison has not performed substantially as obligated under its agreements with us, including under sponsorship arrangements consisting of the various corporate level agreements put in place at the time of the Company’s IPO (collectively, the “Sponsorship Arrangement”) and certain operation and management (“O&M”) and asset management arrangements. SunEdison’s failure to perform substantially as obligated under its agreements with us, including under the Sponsorship Arrangement, project level O&M and asset management agreements and other support agreements may have a material adverse effect on the Company. Despite these adverse effects, the Company expects that it will be able to operate its business without the support of SunEdison pursuant to the plans for transitioning away from reliance on SunEdison that we are in the process of implementing. These plans include, among other things, establishing stand-alone information technology, accounting and other critical systems and infrastructure, directly hiring our employees, and seeking proposals for alternative O&M and asset management services for our power plants. In addition to the one-time costs of implementing a stand-alone organization, our business will be adversely affected to the extent we are unsuccessful in implementing the relevant plans or the resulting ongoing long-term costs are higher than the costs we are expected to incur with SunEdison as a sponsor.
On September 25, 2016, the Company filed its initial proof of claim in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case, and filed an amended proof of claim on October 7, 2016. As set forth in the proofs of claim, the Company believes it has unsecured claims against SunEdison that it estimates are in excess of $2.0 billion. These claims include, without limitation, claims for damages relating to breach of SunEdison's obligations under the Sponsorship Arrangement between the Company and SunEdison and other agreements; contribution and indemnification claims arising from litigation; claims relating to SunEdison’s breach of fiduciary, agency and other duties; and claims for interference with and the disruption of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries, including the loss of business opportunities, loss of business records, failure to provide timely audited financials, and the increased cost of financing and commercial arrangements. Many of these claims are contingent, unliquidated and/or disputed by SunEdison and other parties in interest in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case, and the estimated amounts of these claims may change substantially as circumstances develop and damages are determined. In addition, recoveries on unsecured claims in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case are expected to be significantly impaired. On December 1, 2016, the official committee of unsecured creditors of the SunEdison Bankruptcy filed an omnibus objection to the proofs of claim filed by the Company.
In addition, the Company believes that it may have claims entitled to administrative priority against SunEdison, including, without limitation, claims with respect to certain expenses that the Company has incurred after the commencement of the SunEdison Bankruptcy case; however, the Company expects SunEdison and other parties in interest in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case to dispute both the amount of these claims and whether or not these claims are entitled to administrative priority over other claims against SunEdison.


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On November 7, 2016, the unsecured creditors’ committee in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case filed a motion with the bankruptcy court seeking standing to assert against the Company, on behalf of SunEdison, avoidance claims arising from intercompany transactions between the Company and SunEdison. The Company expects to vigorously contest this standing motion and, if standing is granted, the underlying avoidance claims. Furthermore, the Company initiated settlement discussions with SunEdison to resolve, among other issues, intercompany claims and defenses between the Company and SunEdison. While these settlement discussions have started, there can be no guaranty that a settlement will be reached, the Company believes that a successful settlement could facilitate the Company’s exploration of strategic alternatives. Any settlement would be subject to the approval of the bankruptcy court in the SunEdison Bankruptcy.
Going Concern
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
Our sponsor, SunEdison, Inc., and certain of its affiliates filed for bankruptcy on April 21, 2016. We believe that we have observed formalities and operating procedures to maintain our separate existence, that our assets and liabilities can be readily identified as distinct from those of SunEdison and that we do not rely substantially on SunEdison for funding or liquidity and will have sufficient liquidity to support our ongoing operations. Our contingency planning with respect to the SunEdison Bankruptcy has included and will include, among other things, establishing stand-alone information technology, accounting and other critical systems and infrastructure, establishing separate human resources systems and employee retention efforts, retaining replacement operation and maintenance and asset management services for our power plants from other providers and the pursuit of strategic alternatives.
However, there is a risk that an interested party in the SunEdison Bankruptcy could request that the assets and liabilities of the Company be substantively consolidated with SunEdison and that the Company and/or its assets and liabilities be included in the SunEdison Bankruptcy. While it has not been requested to date and we believe there is no basis for substantive consolidation in our circumstances, we cannot assure you that substantive consolidation will not be requested in the future or that the bankruptcy court would not consider it. Substantive consolidation is an equitable remedy in bankruptcy that results in the pooling of assets and liabilities of the debtor and one or more of its affiliates solely for purposes of the bankruptcy case, including for purposes of distributions to creditors and voting on and treatment under a reorganization plan. Bankruptcy courts have broad equitable powers, and as a result, outcomes in bankruptcy proceedings are inherently difficult to predict.
To the extent the bankruptcy court were to determine that substantive consolidation was appropriate under the Company's facts and circumstances, the assets and liabilities of the Company could be made available to help satisfy the debt or contractual obligations of SunEdison.
There have also been covenant defaults under certain of our project level financing arrangements, mainly because of delays in the delivery of project level audited financial statements and the delay in the filing of the Company’s audited annual financial statements for 2015 on Form 10-K. In addition, in a number of cases the SunEdison Bankruptcy resulted in defaults because SunEdison Debtors have been serving as operation and maintenance and asset management services providers or as guarantors under relevant contracts. We have been working diligently with our lenders to cure or waive instances of default, including through the completion of project level audits and the retention of replacement service providers. However, there can be no assurance that all remaining defaults will be cured or waived. All of our project level financing arrangements are on a non-recourse basis, and therefore these defaults do not directly affect the financial position of the Company. However, if the remaining defaults are not cured or waived, this would continue to restrict the ability of the relevant project companies to make distributions to us, which may affect our ability to meet certain covenants under the Company’s Revolver, or entitle certain project level lenders to demand repayment or enforce their security interests.
Additionally, covenant defaults may occur in the future under the Company’s Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes in the event of further delays in the filing of our periodic reports with the SEC and potential violation of financial covenants. We have amended, or obtained waivers of, the relevant covenants in the Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes to avoid any such defaults as a result of the delays, including by extending the required filing date of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 through December 26, 2016 and, in the case of the indenture governing our Senior Notes, by extending the required filing dates of our Forms 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 and for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 through December 26, 2016 and early March 2017, respectively. There can be no assurance that we will be able to file our periodic reports (including our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 or Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2016 or any quarters thereafter) with the SEC within the periods currently required under our Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes. The Revolver also contains financial


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covenants that the Company is required to meet on a quarterly basis, and management projections indicate that the Company could violate the Revolver’s debt service coverage covenant during 2017 which, if the Revolver is not amended or terminated, could cause a default under the Revolver and, depending on the outstanding amount under the Revolver at the time of such default, a cross-default on the Senior Notes.
There can be no assurance that our lenders will agree to further extensions of financial statement filing dates or amendments to relevant covenants on acceptable terms or at all. As of December 20, 2016, the Revolver is undrawn, and in the event we are not able to cure or secure a waiver for a default under the Revolver, the Company’s available liquidity is sufficient to allow for the Revolver to be terminated, which would also avoid a cross-default on the Senior Notes. However, a default on the Senior Notes would permit the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding to accelerate the Senior Notes. The Company would likely not have sufficient liquidity to meet this obligation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay dividends. A default under the indenture governing our Senior Notes would also result in a cross-default under the Revolver that would permit the lenders holding more than 50% of the aggregate exposure under the Revolver to accelerate any outstanding principal amount of loans, terminate any outstanding letter of credit and terminate the outstanding commitments under our Revolver.
The risk of substantive consolidation of the Company with SunEdison and inclusion in the SunEdison Bankruptcy, as well as the risk of future covenant defaults under the Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
Basis of Presentation

Certain solar power plants in the Company’s current portfolio have been contributed from SunEdison (also referred to as “dropdown”) and are reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at SunEdison’s historical cost. When solar power plants are contributed or acquired from SunEdison, the Company is required to recast its historical financial statements to reflect the assets and liabilities of the acquired solar power plants for the period it was owned by SunEdison in accordance with rules applicable to transactions between entities under common control.
For all periods prior to the IPO, the accompanying consolidated financial statements reflect the operations of SunEdison Emerging Markets Co. (the “Predecessor”) which consisted of the assets that the Company acquired from SunEdison and third parties prior to and concurrently with the closing of the IPO, and were prepared using SunEdison’s historical basis in these assets and liabilities. For all periods subsequent to the IPO, the accompanying consolidated financial statements represent the results of the Company, which consolidates Global LLC through its controlling interest.
The historical financial statements of the Predecessor include allocations of certain SunEdison corporate expenses and income tax expense. Management believes the assumptions and methodology underlying the allocation of general corporate overhead expenses are reasonable. Subsequent to the IPO, corporate expenses represent those costs allocated to the Company under the MSA, as more fully described in Note 18 - Related Parties.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Use of Estimates
In preparing the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"), the Company used estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements. Such estimates also affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses and cash flows during the reporting period. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and actual results, the Company's future results of operations would be affected.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. They include the results of wholly owned and partially owned subsidiaries in which the Company has a controlling interest with all significant intercompany accounts and transactions eliminated. When the Company is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) in power plants, they are consolidated.
Variable Interest Entities
The Company consolidates VIEs when the Company is the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the party that has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the performance of the entity and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the entity.


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VIEs are entities that lack sufficient equity to finance their activities without additional financial support from other parties or whose equity holders, as a group, lack one or more of the following characteristics: (a) direct or indirect ability to make decisions; (b) obligation to absorb expected losses; or (c) right to receive expected residual returns. VIEs must be evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively to determine the primary beneficiary, which is the reporting entity that has (a) the power to direct activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIEs economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The primary beneficiary is required to consolidate the VIE for financial reporting purposes. A VIE can have only one primary beneficiary, but may not have a primary beneficiary if no party meets the criteria described above.
To determine a VIE’s primary beneficiary, an enterprise must perform a qualitative assessment to determine which party, if any, has the power to direct activities of the VIE, the obligation to absorb losses, and/or receive its benefits. Therefore, an enterprise must identify the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and determine whether it, or another party, has the power to direct those activities. When evaluating whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, we perform a qualitative analysis that considers the design of the VIE, the nature of our involvement and the variable interests held by other parties. If that evaluation is inconclusive as to which party absorbs a majority of the entity’s expected losses or residual returns, a quantitative analysis is performed to determine the primary beneficiary.
For our consolidated VIEs, we have presented on our consolidated balance sheets, to the extent material, the assets of our consolidated VIEs that can only be used to settle specific obligations of the consolidated VIE, and the liabilities of our consolidated VIEs for which creditors do not have recourse to our general assets outside of the VIE with all intercompany accounts and transactions eliminated.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include all cash balances and short term investments with original maturity periods of three months or less.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash consists of cash on deposit in financial institutions that is restricted to satisfy the requirements of certain debt and acquisition agreements and funds held within the Company's project companies that are restricted for current debt service payments and other purposes in accordance with the applicable debt agreements. These restrictions include: (i) cash on deposit in collateral accounts, debt service reserve accounts, and maintenance reserve accounts; and (ii) cash on deposit in operating accounts but subject to distribution restrictions due to debt defaults as of the balance sheet date.
As discussed in Note 9. Long-Term Debt, the Company experienced defaults under most of its non-recourse project level financing agreements prior to the issuance of the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015. As a result, the Company classified an additional $16.6 million to restricted cash as of December 31, 2015.
Cash Committed for Construction Projects
Cash committed for construction projects includes loan proceeds deposited into bank accounts in the normal course of business for general use only in the operations of the project company to build power plants. The loan proceeds cannot be used by other project companies or for general corporate purposes and is therefore considered restricted. In certain instances, withdrawal of such funds may only occur after certain milestones are met or expenditures during construction have been incurred and approved by the lender in accordance with the terms of the debt agreement. Approvals for the disbursement of such funds are typically received based on support for the qualified expenditures related to the projects provided there are no conditions of default under the loans.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Accounts receivable are reported on the consolidated balance sheets, including both billed and unbilled amounts, and are adjusted for any write-offs as well as the allowance for doubtful accounts. We establish an allowance for doubtful accounts to adjust our receivables to amounts considered to be ultimately collectible. Our allowance is based on a variety of factors, including the length of time receivables are past due, significant one-time events, the financial health of our customers and historical experience. There was no allowance for doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2015 and 2014. There were no write-offs of accounts receivable for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.


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Power Plants
Power plants consists of solar and wind power plants and is stated at cost. Expenditures for major additions and improvements are capitalized and minor replacements, maintenance, and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. When power plants are retired, or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the consolidated balance sheets and any resulting gain or loss is included in the results of operations for the respective period. Depreciation of power plants is recognized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the power plants of up to 30 years.
Viability Gap Funding Subsidies

Four of our solar power plants in India (NSM Suryalabh, NSM Sitara, NSM L'Volta and Focal) are entitled to receive viability gap funding support in an amount determined through a competitive bidding process. The viability gap funding support is funded by India’s National Clean Energy Fund and is paid by the offtake counterparty to these solar power plants, the Solar Energy Corporation of India (“SECI”), a not-for-profit company established by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy to facilitate solar energy generation capacity in India. The program is expected to provide viability gap funding subsidies to the applicable four solar power plants in the aggregate amount of INR 1,189.4 million, 50% of which is payable as early as three months after each power plant's commissioning, and 10% of which is payable each year for five years thereafter, subject to the plant meeting certain requirements. SECI is contractually obligated to establish an irrevocable letter of credit to secure its payment obligations under the PPA. Additionally, SECI is required to hypothecate the revenues it receives under its back-to-back power sale agreement with local utilities to the project.
The Company recorded the awarded viability gap funding in full as a reduction to the cost of power plants in service, with a $10.7 million receivable included in current other assets, and $7.1 million included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015. The current portion of the viability gap funding includes the initial 50.0% receivable following the solar power plant’s commercial operation date and the 10.0% receivable in first year thereafter. The initial 50.0% receivable, or $8.9 million, was received in cash subsequent to December 31, 2015. The remaining portion of the current receivable is due before December 31, 2016.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
Long-lived assets that are held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate carrying values may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized if the total future estimated undiscounted cash flows expected from an asset are less than its carrying value. An impairment charge is measured as the difference between an asset’s carrying amount and fair value with the difference recorded in operating costs and expenses in the statement of operations. Fair values are determined by a variety of valuation methods, including appraisals, sales prices of similar assets and present value techniques. There were no impairments of long-lived assets recognized during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets that have determinable estimated lives are amortized over those estimated lives. The straight-line method of amortization is used because it best reflects the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible asset are consumed or otherwise used up. The amounts and useful lives assigned to intangible assets acquired impact the amount and timing of future amortization. Reviews are performed to determine whether the carrying value of an asset is impaired, based on comparisons to undiscounted expected future cash flows or some other fair value measure. If this comparison indicates that there is impairment, the impaired asset is written down to fair value, which is typically calculated using discounted expected future cash flows utilizing an appropriate discount rate. Impairment is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. There were no impairments of intangible assets recognized during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.
Capitalized Interest
Interest incurred on funds borrowed to finance construction of power plants is capitalized until the system is ready for its intended use. The amount of interest capitalized within power plants within the Company's consolidated balance sheets was $1.8 million and $1.6 million, during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
Deferred Financing Costs
Financing costs incurred in connection with obtaining construction and term financing are deferred and amortized over the maturities of the respective financing agreements using the effective-interest method. Amortization of deferred financing costs is capitalized during construction and recorded as interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations following


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commencement of commercial operation. Deferred financing costs capitalized for the year ended December 31, 2015 were $42.7 million. Deferred financing costs capitalized during construction for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were not material. Amortization of deferred financing costs recorded as interest expense was $21.2 million, $1.1 million and $0.8 million during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Asset Retirement Obligations
The Company operates under Power Purchase Agreements (“PPAs”) with a limited number of customers that include a requirement for the removal of the power plants at the end of the term of the agreement. Asset retirement obligations are recognized at fair value in the period in which they are incurred and the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset is correspondingly increased. Over time, the liability is accreted to its expected future value. The corresponding power plant is capitalized at inception and is depreciated over its useful life.
Revenue Recognition
Power Purchase Agreements
The Company’s revenues are obtained through the sale of energy (based on Megawatts "MW") pursuant to terms of PPAs or other contractual arrangements which have a weighted average remaining life of 17 years as of December 31, 2015. All PPAs are accounted for as operating leases, have no minimum lease payments and all of the rental income under these leases is recorded as revenue when the electricity is delivered.
Government Incentives
Certain revenue is the result of government incentives or tariffs. Chinese feed-in-tariff programs for both solar and wind energy consist of two components: a base tariff and a green tariff. These two components provide for a flat tariff of Chinese yuan renminbi 0.5521.0/kWh. The green tariff makes up the difference between the base tariff and the fixed tariff. The base tariff is calculated by the provincial power company on the basis of the prevailing cost of the desulfurized coal power supply in the province and is recognized as electricity is delivered. The green tariff is recognized as revenue when government payments are received. Revenue recognized as a result of these government incentives was $9.3 million, $11.6 million and $12.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which requires that it use the asset and liability method of accounting for deferred income taxes and provides deferred income taxes for all significant temporary differences.
The Company reports certain of its revenues and expenses differently for financial statement purposes than for income tax return purposes, resulting in temporary and permanent differences between the Company’s financial statements and income tax returns. The tax effects of such temporary differences are recorded as either deferred income tax assets or deferred income tax liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company measures its deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities using income tax rates that are currently in effect. The Company believes it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income which includes the future reversal of existing taxable temporary differences to realize deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowances. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the net deferred tax assets to an amount that is more-likely-than-not to be realized.
Tax benefits are recognized when it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination by the authorities. The benefit recognized from a position that has surpassed the more-likely-than-not threshold is the largest amount of benefit that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to uncertain tax benefits as a component of income tax expense.
Changes to existing net deferred tax assets or valuation allowances or changes to uncertain tax benefits are recorded to income tax expense.
Contingencies
The Company is involved in conditions, situations or circumstances in the ordinary course of business with possible gain or loss contingencies that will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. See Note 5 - Deposits for Acquisitions, which describes circumstances surrounding certain payments to SunEdison and the related provision


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for contingent loss established during 2015. If some amount within a range of loss appears at the time to be a better estimate than any other amount within the range, that amount will be accrued. When no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, however, the minimum amount in the range will be accrued.
The Company continually evaluates uncertainties associated with loss contingencies and records a charge equal to at least the minimum estimated liability for a loss contingency when both of the following conditions are met: (i) information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that it is probable that an asset had been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements; and (ii) the loss or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs are expensed when incurred. Gain contingencies are not recorded until realized or realizable.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company recognizes its derivative instruments as assets or liabilities at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets. Fair value balances are not offset and reported on a gross basis. Accounting for changes in the fair value (i.e., gains or losses) of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated as part of a hedging relationship and the type of hedging relationship.
The effective portion of changes in fair value of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges is reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) (“OCI”). Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged transaction affects earnings. In addition, foreign denominated debt hedged by cross currency swaps is periodically remeasured based on changes to spot rates. Therefore, for cross currency swaps, changes in the spot rate are also reclassified out of OCI to offset remeasurement of the debt. The ineffective portion of changes in fair value is recorded as a component of net income (loss) on the consolidated statement of operations. There was no ineffectiveness during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.
The change in fair value of undesignated derivative instruments is reported as a component of net income (loss) on the consolidated statement of operations.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company performs fair value measurements in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), which defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required to be recorded at their fair values, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and consider assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the assets or liabilities, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions and risk of nonperformance.
ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. An asset’s or a liability’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. ASC 820 establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2: Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; or
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair values of the assets or liabilities.
We maintain various financial instruments recorded at cost in the December 31, 2015 and 2014 consolidated balance sheets that are not required to be recorded at fair value. For cash and cash equivalents, cash committed for construction projects, restricted cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, investments in acquisitions, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and due to/from SunEdison, net, the carrying amount approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of the instruments. See Note 12 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments for disclosures related to the fair value of our long-term debt.
Foreign Operations
The Company’s reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. Certain of our subsidiaries maintain their records in local currencies other than the U.S. dollar, which are their functional currencies. When a subsidiary’s local currency is considered its


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functional currency, we translate its assets and liabilities to U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, and its revenue and expense accounts to U.S. dollars at average exchange rates for the period. Translation adjustments are reported in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income in stockholders’ equity.
Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions and balances denominated in a currency other than the functional currency and the changes in fair value of our foreign exchange derivative contracts not accounted for under hedge accounting are included in results from operations as incurred. Foreign currency transaction losses (gains) included in other income were $35.4 million, $(4.0) million and $2.2 million during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Business Combinations
The Company accounts for its business combinations by recognizing in the financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interests in the acquired assets at fair value at the acquisition date. The Company also recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired or a gain from a bargain purchase in the business combination and determines what information to disclose to enable users of an entity’s financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. In addition, acquisition costs are expensed as incurred.
When the Company acquires power plants, the purchase price is allocated to (i) the acquired tangible assets and liabilities assumed, primarily consisting of land, plant, and long-term debt, (ii) the identified intangible assets and liabilities, consisting of the value of above-market and below-market power purchase agreements and in-place power purchase agreements, (iii) non-controlling interests, and (iv) other working capital items based in each case on their fair values in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”). All expenses related to acquisition costs related to business combinations are expensed as incurred.
The Company generally uses independent appraisers to assist with the estimates and methodologies used such as a replacement cost approach, an income approach, or excess earnings approach. Factors considered by the Company in its analysis include considering current market conditions and costs to construct similar facilities. The Company also considers information obtained about each property as a result of our pre-acquisition due diligence in estimating the fair value of the tangible and identified intangible assets and liabilities acquired or assumed. In estimating the fair value, the Company also establishes estimates of energy production, current in-place and market power purchase rates, tax credit arrangements, and operating and maintenance costs. A change in any of the assumptions above, which are subjective, could have a significant impact on the results of operations.
The allocation of the purchase price directly affects the following items in our consolidated financial statements:
The amount of purchase price allocated to the various tangible and intangible assets, liabilities, and non-controlling interests on our balance sheets;
The amounts allocated to the value of above-market and below-market power purchase agreement values are amortized to revenue over the remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective arrangement. The amounts allocated to all other tangible and definite lived intangible assets are amortized to depreciation or amortization expense; and
The period of time over which tangible and intangible assets are depreciated or amortized varies, and thus, changes in the amounts allocated to these assets will have a direct impact on our results of operations. Definite lived intangible assets are generally amortized over the remaining respective life of the power purchase agreement, which normally range from 10 to 25 years. The Company generally depreciates our power plants over their estimated useful lives of up to 30 years. These differences in timing could have an impact on our results of operations.
Non-controlling Interests
Non-controlling interest represents the portion of net income (loss), net assets, and comprehensive income (loss) in consolidated entities that we do not own. The non-controlling interests’ balance is reported as a component of equity in the consolidated balance sheets and is calculated based on equity ownership percentage, for applicable facilities.
Basic and Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS” or “LPS”) is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the number of weighted average ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Unvested restricted stock awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends are treated as participating securities and are included in the EPS computation using the two-class method, to the extent that there are undistributed earnings available as such securities do not


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participate in losses. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by adjusting basic EPS for the impact of weighted average dilutive common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Common equivalent shares represent the incremental shares issuable for unvested restricted Class A common stock and redeemable shares of Class B and Class B1 common stock.
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-based compensation expense for all share-based payment awards is based on the estimated grant-date fair value. The Company recognizes these compensation costs net of an estimated forfeiture rate for only those shares expected to vest on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the award vesting term. For ratable awards, the Company recognizes compensation costs for all grants on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the entire award.
New Accounting Standards
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. ASU 2014-09 will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective. ASU 2014-09 is effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. Early adoption is permitted but not before January 1, 2017. ASU 2014-09 permits the use of either a retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. The Company has not determined which transition method it will adopt, and it is currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2014-09 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures upon adoption. We do not plan to adopt this standard prior to January 1, 2018.
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern, which describes how an entity should assess its ability to meet obligations and sets rules for how this information should be disclosed in the financial statements. ASU 2014-15 provides accounting guidance that will be used along with existing auditing standards. ASU 2014-15 applies to all entities for the first annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and interim periods thereafter. The adoption of ASU 2014-15 is not expected to have material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In January 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-01, Income Statement-Extraordinary and Unusual Items (Subtopic 225-20): Simplifying Income Statement Presentation by Eliminating the Concept of Extraordinary Items. ASU 2015-01 eliminates from GAAP the concept of extraordinary items. An entity will no longer be required to (1) segregate an extraordinary item from the results of ordinary operations; (2) separately present an extraordinary item on its income statement, net of tax, after income from continuing operations; and (3) disclose income taxes and earnings-per-share data applicable to an extraordinary item. ASU 2015-01 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015. An entity may apply ASU 2015-01 prospectively or retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Early adoption is permitted provided that the guidance is applied from the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The adoption of ASU 2015-01 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis. ASU 2015-02 amended the process that a reporting entity must perform to determine whether it should consolidate certain types of legal entities. ASU 2015-02 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter with early adoption permitted. The adoption of ASU 2015-02 will result in the consolidation of the power plants acquired from FERSA as of January 1, 2016 (see Note 3 - Acquisitions); which is currently reflected as an equity method investment as of December 31, 2015.
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Interest - Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. ASU 2015-03 requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-15, Interest - Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of Credit Arrangements. ASU 2015-15 indicates that an entity may defer and present debt issuing costs associated with line-of-credit arrangements as an asset and subsequently amortize the deferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the line-of-credit arrangement. ASU 2015-03 and ASU 2015-15 are effective on a retrospective basis for annual and interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted, but only for debt issuance costs that have not been reported in financial statements previously issued or available for issuance. The Company will adopt ASU 2015-03 and ASU 2015-15 as of January 1, 2016, which will result in a reclassification of $5.6 million in total debt issuance costs for other than the revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2015 when subsequent period financial statements are issued.


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In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-06 Earnings Per Share, which provides guidance on the presentation of historical earnings per unit under the two-class method for transfers of net assets between entities under common control. ASU No. 2015-06 is effective for the Company for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016 and interim periods therein. The Company does not expect this standard to have an effect on its consolidated financial statements.

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments, that eliminates the requirement for an acquirer in a business combination to account for measurement-period adjustments retrospectively. Instead, acquirers must recognize measurement-period adjustments during the period in which they determine the amounts, including the effect on earnings of any amounts they would have recorded in previous periods if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. ASU 2015-16 is effective for the Company on a prospective basis on January 1, 2016. Early adoption is permitted for any interim and annual financial statements that have not yet been made available for issuance. The company early adopted ASU 2015-16 and all measurement-period adjustments for acquisitions completed in 2015 were recorded in our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015.
In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes instructing reporting entities to classify deferred income taxes as non-current on the consolidated balance sheets. Deferred income taxes were previously required to be classified as current or non-current on the consolidated balance sheets. The provisions of ASU 2015-17 are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted for any interim and annual financial statements that have not yet been made available for issuance. A reporting entity has the option to apply ASU 2015-17 prospectively or retrospectively. We have early adopted ASU 2015-17 effective December 31, 2015 using the prospective method allowed under the standard and prior periods were not retrospectively adjusted. The impact of ASU 2015-17 on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2014 would have been a reclassification of current deferred tax assets to non-current deferred tax assets of $0.2 million, and a reclassification of current deferred tax liabilities to non-current deferred tax liabilities of $1.4 million.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which primarily changes the lessee’s accounting for operating leases by requiring recognition of lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. This standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect of ASU 2016-02 on its consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-05, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), which clarifies that a change in one of the parties to a derivative contract (through novation) that is part of a hedge accounting relationship does not, by itself, require dedesignation of that relationship, as long as all other hedge accounting criteria continue to be met. This standard is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect this standard will have an effect on its consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-06, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), which clarifies that determining whether the economic characteristics of a put or call are clearly and closely related to its debt host requires only an assessment of the four-step decision sequence outlined in FASB ASC paragraph 815-15-25-24. Additionally, entities are not required to separately assess whether the contingency itself is clearly and closely related. This standard is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect this standard will have an effect on its consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-07, Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323) which eliminates the requirement for an investor to retroactively apply the equity method when its increase in ownership interest (or degree of influence) in an investee triggers equity method accounting. This standard is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect this standard will have an effect on its consolidated financial statements.
On March 30, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718), which is intended to improve the accounting for share-based payment transactions as part of the FASB’s simplification initiative. The ASU changes seven aspects of the accounting for share-based payment award transactions, including: (1) accounting for income taxes; (2) classification of excess tax benefits on the statement of cash flows; (3) forfeitures; (4) minimum statutory tax withholding requirements; and (5) classification of employee taxes paid on the statement of cash flows when an employer withholds shares for tax-withholding purposes. This standard is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect of ASU 2016-09 on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Classification of Certain
Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, or ASU No. 2016-15. The amendments of ASU No. 2016-15 were issued to address eight


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specific cash flow issues for which stakeholders have indicated to the FASB that a diversity in practice existed in how entities
were presenting and classifying these items in the statement of cash flows. The issues addressed by ASU No. 2016-15 include
but are not limited to the classification of debt prepayment and debt extinguishment costs, payments made for contingent
consideration for a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance proceeds, distributions received from
equity method investees and separately identifiable cash flows and the application of the predominance principle. The
amendments of ASU No. 2016-15 are effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and
interim periods in those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim fiscal period with all
amendments adopted in the same period. The adoption of ASU No. 2016-15 is required to be applied retrospectively. The
Company is currently evaluating the impact of the standard on its consolidated statements of cash flows.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfer of Assets Other Than Inventory, which eliminates the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an outside party exception for an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. ASU 2016-16 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect of ASU 2016-16 on its consolidated financial statements.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-17, Consolidation (Topic 810): Interests Held through Related Parties That Are under Common Control. ASU 2016-17 updates ASU 2015-02. Under the amendments, a single decision maker is not required to consider indirect interests held through related parties that are under common control with the single decision maker to be the equivalent of direct interests in their entirety. Instead, a single decision maker is required to include those interests on a proportionate basis consistent with indirect interests held through other related parties. ASU 2016-17 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect of ASU 2016-17 on its consolidated financial statements.
3. ACQUISITIONS

2015 Acquisitions
Acquisition of Honiton
On May 14, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of 100.0% of the outstanding shares of Honiton Energy XIL Holdings Limited (“Honiton XIL”) and Honiton Energy BAV Holdings Limited (“Honiton BAV”) and together with Honiton XIL, “Honiton”) from Honiton Energy Caymans Limited. Honiton operates three wind power plants located in China with an aggregate net capacity of 148.5 MW. The aggregate consideration paid for this acquisition was $109.1 million in cash, which was funded with proceeds from the Private Placement offerings (see Note 13- Stockholders' Equity for additional information on the Private Placement offerings.)
As further described in Item 15. Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies, the Company was subject to pending litigation proceedings with Suzlon Energy (Tianjin) Limited (“SETL”) with respect to alleged breaches of a turbine supply contract relating to the Honiton wind power plants in China. The operation and maintenance service contracts claim pending before an arbitral tribunal was resolved on December 3, 2015, pursuant to which the Company was required to pay an award of approximately $0.5 million, which was paid in January 2016. On June 3, 2016, SETL and the Company reached a settlement resolving all remaining disputes relating to the turbine contracts. The terms of this final settlement resulted in SETL assigning all rights as a creditor it held against the Company to Beijing Aliyun Investment and Consulting Co. Ltd. (“Aliyun”). In addition, the Company agreed to pay Aliyun $7.1 million (RMB 47.0 million), of which RMB 45.0 million was paid during the second quarter of 2016, and the remaining RMB 2.0 million is due no later than July 2018, subject to various conditions set forth in the settlement agreement. In accordance with the settlement agreement, SETL withdrew its pending claims against the Company. As of December 31, 2015, a liability was recognized related to the proceedings in the amount of $8.4 million (RMB 54.4 million).
Acquisition of NSM 24
On June 9, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of a 51.0% equity interest in SEI Solar Power Private Limited (“NSM 24”) from Astronergy Solar Korea Co. Limited. NSM 24 owns a solar power plant located in India with an aggregate net capacity of 24.0 MW. The aggregate consideration paid for the acquisition of this interest was $9.1 million in cash.
Concurrently, SunEdison contributed its 49.0% equity interest in NSM 24 to the Company, which was remeasured from SunEdison’s historical cost basis to fair value of $8.7 million at the time of the acquisition. Accordingly, the NSM 24 acquisition was accounted for as a step acquisition, and the Company recognized a gain of $1.4 million related to the


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remeasurement of the equity interest in NSM 24 to fair value. This remeasurement gain is reported as a gain on previously held equity investment in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Acquisition of Witkop/Soutpan
On August 6, 2015, SunEdison completed the acquisition of an additional 41.3% equity interest in the solar power plants Witkop and Soutpan located in South Africa with an aggregate net capacity of 32.6 MW from a subsidiary of Chint Solar (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd. Prior to this purchase, SunEdison held a 9.7% interest in each of these solar power plants, which were accounted for as equity method investments in its consolidated financial statements. Concurrent with its acquisition of additional equity interest in Witkop and Soutpan, SunEdison transferred its aggregate interest in each of these solar power plants and an intermediary holding entity to the Company. The aggregate consideration paid by the Company for the acquisition of these interests was $38.7 million in cash, which was funded with proceeds from the Private Placement offerings. The combined fair value of the Company’s aggregate interest was $47.8 million on the date of the acquisition. The fair value of the non-controlling interest was determined using the combined fair value of the Company's aggregate interest, pro-rata at the fair value rate of the percentage acquired multiplied against the non-controlling interest.
Acquisition of Renova - Bahia/Salvador
In July 2015, the Company entered into agreements with Renova Energia S.A. (“Renova”) to acquire two wind power plants and one hydro-electric power plant in Brazil that have an aggregate net capacity of approximately 336.2 MW (the “Renova Transaction”). On September 18, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of Salvador and Bahia, two wind power plants that represent 306.7 MW of aggregate net capacity. At the time, the consideration paid for the Salvador and Bahia wind power plants was $321.3 million, comprised of $117.3 million in cash, 20,327,499 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock valued at $183.6 million based on the value on September 18, 2015 of $9.03 per share and a put/call arrangement contributed by SunEdison with a fair value of $20.4 million.
In the first quarter of 2016, the Company agreed with Renova on the final purchase price adjustments for wind power plants. The adjustments are factored into the allocation of assets and liabilities as of the acquisition date. Pending settlement, the revised consideration for the Salvador and Bahia wind power plants is $320.7 million. This is comprised of $117.7 million in cash, 20,223,581 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock valued at $182.6 million based on the value on September 18, 2015 share price of $9.03 per share and a put/call arrangement contributed by SunEdison with a fair value of $20.4 million.
In connection with the closing of the Salvador and Bahia acquisitions on September 18, 2015, the Company entered into an omnibus closing agreement (the “Omnibus Agreement”) with Global LLC, SunEdison, certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries, and Renova, pursuant to which, among other things, the Company accepted certain financing liens on certain bank accounts related to the Bahia and Salvador power plants (the “Renova Liens”). In exchange for its acceptance of the Renova Liens, Renova granted to Global LLC a security interest in certain shares of the Company’s Class A common stock received by Renova in connection with the Renova Transaction and an agreement to place $5.0 million of the purchase price for the Bahia wind power plant and certain future dividends payable to Renova into an escrow account as security for Renova’s performance of its obligations to release the Renova Liens, which is held in restricted cash on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015. On January 27, 2016, Renova released the liens related to the Bahia and Salvador wind power plants. Therefore, in March 2016 and pursuant to the terms of the Omnibus Agreement, the cash held in escrow was released to Renova, and Global LLC terminated its security interest in the 19,221,671 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock owned by Renova.
After the closing of the Bahia and Salvador acquisitions, the various project companies repaid their outstanding project level indebtedness in full on September 30, 2015. Although the repayment of this indebtedness resulted in the termination of all guarantees and restrictions arising under the financing agreements, as of December 31, 2015 the project lender had not provided a release letter to the escrow agent under the financing agreements, and as a result approximately $49.2 million in funds of the Bahia and Salvador project companies continued to be held in restricted cash on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015. On March 31, 2016, the project lender provided the release letter to the escrow agent, thereby lifting any and all restrictions on usage of funds in the previously restricted accounts.
As a result of the Renova Transaction, Renova is entitled to appoint one director to the Company’s Board, and such right will continue so long as Renova holds at least 28.0% of the 20,327,499 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock that Renova received in connection with the Renova Transaction. As of December 31, 2015, Renova held 20,327,499, or 100.0%, of those shares. Renova has not exercised its right to appoint a director to the Board.
As further described in Item 15. Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies, Renova has filed a request for arbitration to bring certain claims against the Company related to the Renova Transaction including, but not limited to, claims that the Company was liable to satisfy SunEdison’s obligations under a put/call arrangement entered into between SunEdison and


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Renova in connection with the Renova Transaction, and claims for common law fraud and securities fraud in connection with the Salvador and Bahia transactions.
Initial Accounting for the 2015 Acquisitions
The acquisition accounting for the Honiton, NSM 24, Witkop/Soutpan, and Renova - Bahia/Salvador acquisitions was completed as of the fourth quarter of 2015, at which point the provisional fair values became final.

The final fair value of assets and liabilities pertaining to the Honiton acquisition reflects the following changes from the initial opening balance sheet: a decrease of $0.4 million in power plants, and a decrease of $0.4 million in accrued expenses and other current liabilities.

The final fair value of assets and liabilities pertaining to the NSM 24 acquisition reflects the following changes from the initial opening balance sheet; an increase of $2.1 million in cash and cash equivalents, a decrease of $2.1 million in restricted cash, an increase of $0.5 million in accounts receivable, a decrease of $18.0 million in power plants, an increase of $17.8 million in intangible assets, a decrease of $0.1 million in deferred tax liabilities and an increase of $0.5 million in long-term debt.

The final fair value of assets, liabilities, and non-controlling interest pertaining to the Witkop/Soutpan acquisition reflects the following changes from the initial opening balance sheet; a decrease in cash and cash equivalents of $0.1 million, an increase in restricted cash of $0.6 million, a decrease of $1.4 million in power plants, a decrease of $18.1 million in intangible assets, a decrease of $0.3 million in other assets, a decrease of $2.3 million in accrued expenses and other current liabilities, a decrease of $2.9 million in deferred tax liabilities, a decrease of $8.9 million in long-term debt and a decrease of $5.4 million in non-controlling interest.

The final fair value of assets and liabilities pertaining to the Renova - Bahia/Salvador acquisition reflects the following changes from the initial opening balance sheet; a decrease in cash and cash equivalents of $4.0 million, an increase in restricted cash of $0.1 million, a decrease of $3.5 million in accounts receivable, a decrease of $2.7 million in power plants, an increase of $8.7 million in other assets, a decrease of $0.9 million in accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and a decrease of $0.4 million in long-term debt.

The net sales and net income (loss) related to the foregoing acquisitions are reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2015 as shown below.
 
Year Ended December 31, 2015
(In thousands)
Honiton
 
NSM 24
 
Witkop / Soutpan
 
Renova (Salvador / Bahia)
Net sales
$
12,298

 
$
2,235

 
$
13,906

 
18,910

Net income (loss)
504

 
(165
)
 
3,206

 
5,245

FERSA
On October 7, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of three Indian wind power plants, Bhakrani, Gadag and Hanumanhatti (the “FERSA Projects”), which represent 101.6 MW of aggregate net capacity, from Fersa Energias Renovables, S.A. (“FERSA”), a Spanish wind developer. The aggregate consideration paid for the FERSA Projects was approximately $72.4 million, which includes the repayment of project level indebtedness of $39.0 million.


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Acquisition Accounting
The acquisition-date fair values of assets, liabilities and non-controlling interests pertaining to business combinations as of December 31, 2015, are as follows:
 
 
2015
 
(In thousands)
Honiton (1)
 
NSM 24 (1)
 
Witkop /
Soutpan (1)
 
Renova (Salvador
/ Bahia) (1)
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
4,315

 
$
2,070

 
$
451

 
$
1,338

 
Restricted cash
8,691

 
6,467

 
24,831

 
41,622

 
Accounts receivable
18,102

 
1,049

 
5,165

 
8,099

 
Power plants
155,355

 
19,800

 
210,000

 
480,045

 
Intangible assets

 
20,660

 
62,734

 

 
Other assets
6,236

 
62

 
4,013

 
10,786

 
Total assets acquired
192,699

 
50,108

 
307,194

 
541,890

 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
14,743

 
4,587

 
14,363

 
7,145

 
Deferred tax liabilities

 
2,509

 
31,467

 

 
Long-term debt, including current portion
68,871

 
25,267

 
173,049

 
214,024

 
Total liabilities assumed
83,614

 
32,363

 
218,879

 
221,169

 
Non-controlling interests

 

 
40,525

 

 
Fair value of net assets acquired
$
109,085

 
$
17,745

 
$
47,790

 
$
320,721

(1) Purchase accounting is final for all of the project acquisitions
Unaudited Pro Forma Supplementary Data
The unaudited pro forma supplementary data presented in the table below gives effect to the acquisitions as if the transactions occurred on January 1, 2015 and 2014. The pro forma supplementary data is provided for informational purposes only and should not be construed to be indicative of the Company’s results of operations had the acquisitions been consummated on the date assumed or of its results of operations for any future date.
 
Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)
2015
 
2014
Net sales
$
140,661

 
$
125,276

Net loss
(375,574
)
 
(8,862
)
Subsequent Events
FERSA
At the time of acquisition, the company recorded this acquisition as ‘Equity method investment’ for the quarter ended December 31, 2015. On January 1, 2016, as part of the adoption of ASU 2015-02, the Company consolidated the assets and liabilities of the FERSA Projects. The preliminary estimated allocation of assets and liabilities for the FERSA Projects as of


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January 1, 2016 is as follows:
 
 
2016 Preliminary (Unaudited)
 
(In thousands)
FERSA
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
8,022

 
Accounts receivable
4,220

 
Power plants
66,970

 
Other assets
2,725

 
Total assets acquired
81,937

 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
2,053

 
Deferred tax liabilities
3,061

 
Long-term debt, including current portion
6,014

 
Total liabilities assumed
11,128

 
Fair value of net assets acquired
$
70,809

The initial accounting for the FERSA business combination is not complete because the evaluation necessary to assess the fair values of certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed is in process. The provisional amounts are subject to revision until the evaluations are completed to the extent that any additional information is obtained about the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date.
NPS Star and WXA
Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO on August 5, 2015, and pursuant to the Project Investment Agreement (the "Project Investment Agreement") between SunEdison and the Company, SunEdison agreed to contribute to the Company certain projects, without further payment, once each project reached commercial operation. These projects include the 17.4 MW Del Litoral and 57.4 MW El Naranjal solar power projects in Uruguay, the 24.1 MW Bora Bora Poly wind power project in India, and the 17.8 MW NPS Star and 17.8 MW WXA solar power projects in Thailand. The NPS Star and WXA solar power plants reached commercial operation in December 2015 and were transferred by SunEdison to the Company on February 24, 2016. SunEdison transferred to the Company a 49.0% equity interest, constituting a controlling interest and substantially all of the economic interest, in each of NPS Star and WXA, each of which consists of three solar power plants located in Thailand. These solar power plants represent 35.6 MW of aggregate net capacity.
Alto Cielo
On April 8, 2016, the Company completed the acquisition of a 100.0% ownership interest in the Alto Cielo solar power plant located in Uruguay with an aggregate net capacity of 26.4 MW from Solarpack Corporación Tecnológica, S.L. The power plant reached commercial operation in March 2016. The aggregate cash consideration paid for the Alto Cielo power plant was $32.3 million, of which $1.9 million is being held in escrow accounts until certain conditions are met.
Transfer of Balance of Equity in Certain Projects in India
In April 2016, SunEdison transferred to the Company the balance of 51.0% of the equity interests in the NSM Suryalabh, NSM Sitara and NSM L’Volta solar power plants in India following the expiration of the equity lock-up period in the applicable PPAs. Consideration for the transfer of the balance of 51.0% of the equity interests in these power plants was received by SunEdison in the form of shares of the Company’s Class B common stock that were issued to SunEdison at the time of our IPO, and there was no further payment made by the Company to SunEdison at the time of the transfer.
In October 2016, SunEdison transferred to the Company 11.0% of the equity interests in the Millenium solar power plant in India for cash consideration of approximately $1.0 million. In addition, SunEdison transferred to the Company the balance of 51.0% of the equity interests in the Focal solar power plant in India following the expiration of the equity lock-up period in the applicable PPAs, at which time the Company was required to make a cash payment of $0.5 million to the original project developer, a third party. Consideration for the transfer of the balance of 51.0% of the equity interests in the Focal power plant was received by SunEdison in the form of shares of the Company's Class B common stock that were issued to SunEdison at the time of our IPO, and there was no further payment made by the Company to SunEdison at the time of the transfer.
In October 2016, the Company also entered into arrangements with SunEdison for the transfer of the balance of the equity interests in the Millenium, Azure, ESP Urja and SE-25 solar power plants in India, in each case following the expiration of the equity lock-up period in the applicable PPAs (ranging from November 2016 to March 2017) and without further action


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by SunEdison. Consideration for the transfer of the balance of the equity interests in these power plants was received by SunEdison in the form of shares of the Company’s Class B common stock that were issued to SunEdison at the time of our IPO, and there will be no further payment to be made by the Company to SunEdison at the time of these planned transfers. In November 2016, the balance of 26% of the equity interests in Azure were transferred to the Company in accordance with these arrangements.
Pending Acquisition
Acquisition of BioTherm
In April 2015, the Company entered into purchase and sale agreements to acquire a controlling interest in three operating power plants located in South Africa with an aggregate net capacity of 32.6 MW from BTSA Netherlands Cooperatie U.A. (“BioTherm”). The aggregate consideration payable for the controlling interests in these three power plants is approximately $74.5 million in cash, comprised of approximately $67.6 million and ZAR 100.4 million (approximately $6.9 million as of December 31, 2015), plus 544,055 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, which is fixed in accordance with the purchase and sale agreements. The cash used to fund these acquisitions is primarily from the Company's Private Placement offerings. The aggregate consideration includes amounts for certain additional rights and services. The completion of the BioTherm transaction remains subject to obtaining consents from project lenders and is expected to occur in the first quarter of 2017.
In August 2015, the Company paid $65.6 million in cash for the interests in the solar power plants Aries and Konkoonsies, and the wind power plant Klipheuwel, as well as certain additional rights. In addition to the cash consideration, the Company provided 544,055 shares of its Class A common stock as consideration for the interests in the three power plants. Approximately $20.3 million of the cash payment and all of the 544,055 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock were deposited into an escrow account. The cash portion of this escrow deposit is reported as non-current restricted cash on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015. The remaining paid consideration of $45.3 million in cash and the August 2015 fair value of the 544,055 shares are reported as a deposit for acquisitions on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015.
As of December 31, 2015, the remaining balance due is approximately $8.9 million, comprised of $2.0 million and ZAR 11.6 million ($0.8 million) due to BioTherm and ZAR 88.9 million due to minority interests ($6.1 million). Prior to the completion of the BioTherm transaction, BioTherm is required to direct payment of all distributions from the Klipheuwel power plant to the Company, and the Company and BioTherm are required to jointly direct the release of amounts equal to the cash distributions from the Aries and Konkoonsies solar power plants from the escrow to the Company.
Pending receipt of the consents from the project lenders, the Company may at its discretion direct a sale of the power plants to a third party. In respect of the Aries and Konkoonsies projects, due to the fact that the closing did not occur by November 30, 2016, the parties have engaged in discussion to agree upon an alternative structure that would permit release of the escrowed funds as required pursuant to the applicable purchase and sale agreements. Failure to complete the transaction, or to reach agreement upon an alternative structure that would permit release of the escrowed funds, by January 30, 2017 would entitle BioTherm to sell the power plants to a third party. Upon closing of a sale to a third party, all sale proceeds are required to be paid to the Company, any amounts remaining in the escrow account are required to be released to BioTherm and the Company is required to pay the remainder of the purchase price.
Incomplete IPO Project Transfers and Dropdowns
Del Litoral, El Naranjal and Bora Bora Poly
Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO on August 5, 2015, and pursuant to the Project Investment Agreement (the "Project Investment Agreement") between SunEdison and the Company, SunEdison agreed to contribute to the Company certain projects, without further payment, once each project reached commercial operation. These projects include the 17.4 MW Del Litoral and 57.4 MW El Naranjal solar power projects in Uruguay (the “Uruguay Projects”), the 24.1 MW Bora Bora Poly wind power project located in India, and the 17.8 MW NPS Star and 17.8 MW WXA solar power projects in Thailand. The NPS Star and WXA solar power plants reached commercial operation in December 2015 and were transferred by SunEdison to the Company in the first quarter of 2016.


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On March 23, 2016, SunEdison and the Company entered into an amendment to the Project Investment Agreement, which extended the contribution deadline for SunEdison to contribute the remaining projects pursuant to the Project Investment Agreement to July 31, 2016. As part of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, the construction on the projects was materially delayed and/or abandoned due to the lack of funding by SunEdison. There were material amounts of project costs and equity contributions for the Uruguay Projects that remained to be contributed by SunEdison in order to complete construction of these projects and disbursement of the project finance debt facilities. Additionally, SunEdison experienced delays in completing construction of the Bora Bora Poly wind power project in India, and the transfer of the project required project lender consent, which was not obtained. In light of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, we will not obtain these projects under the Project Investment Agreement and we will not obtain any substitute projects from SunEdison.
425 MW India Projects
See Note 5 - Deposits for Acquisitions for information regarding the 425 MW India Projects.
In September 2016, the Company reached an agreement with certain subsidiaries of SunEdison pursuant to which the Company consented to the sale of certain of SunEdison’s subsidiaries’ assets to a third party buyer (the “Third Party Sale Transaction”). The Third Party Sale Transaction is being conducted in connection with SunEdison’s bankruptcy process and includes the Uruguay Projects, the Bora Bora Poly wind power project in India and the 425 MW India portfolio. The Company has agreed not to pursue claims against a third party buyer of these projects, however the Company has retained all of its claims against SunEdison and its affiliated persons. As a condition to the Company’s consent to the Third Party Sale Transaction, the Company and certain subsidiaries of SunEdison that directly or indirectly own the assets that are subject to the Third Party Sale Transaction have entered into a proceeds sharing arrangement pursuant to which the Company is entitled to receive a portion of the cash proceeds received by the SunEdison parties in the Third Party Sale Transaction. The Company has received $6.7 million in cash proceeds from this arrangement.
Terminated Acquisitions
LAP
In May 2015, SunEdison entered into a share purchase agreement with the stockholders of Latin America Power Holding, B.V. (“LAP”), to acquire certain hydro-electric and wind power plants located in Peru with a combined nameplate capacity of 72.5 MW (the “Peru Facilities”). SunEdison intended to transfer the Peru Facilities to the Company after the closing of the acquisition.
The share purchase agreement was subsequently terminated by the parties thereto and, as a result of such termination, the Company will not acquire the Peru Facilities from SunEdison. All outstanding claims pending before arbitration tribunals and courts among the parties to the share purchase agreement were resolved pursuant to a settlement agreement entered into among the parties to the share purchase agreement on March 3, 2016 and a subsequent settlement agreement entered into among the parties to the share purchase agreement on April 20, 2016. The Company, which had no contractual obligation in connection with the LAP transaction, was not named as a party in any such arbitration or court proceeding and has no liability arising out of the settlement agreement.
GME
In June 2015, the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement (the “GME Agreement”) with the stockholders of Globeleq Mesoamérica Energy (Wind) Limited (“GME”) to acquire four wind power plants and a solar power plant in Honduras, Costa Rica and Nicaragua representing an aggregate capacity of 326.0MW, as well as GME’s wind and solar development platform. The aggregate consideration payable by the Company to GME would have been comprised of $337.9 million in cash and 701,754 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, plus interest of 15.0% per annum on the purchase price accruing from October 1, 2015. Immediately following the acquisition of GME by the Company, the Company expected to sell GME’s development platform to SunEdison. In addition, shortly following the completion of the GME acquisition, the Company expected to pay $46.9 million to SunEdison for the Choluteca solar power plant upon the closing of a separate purchase agreement between SunEdison and GME, subject to a potential downward adjustment based on the actual tariff rates awarded to the power plant.
The consummation of the GME transaction was subject to various conditions, including the receipt of consents from the project lenders, which consents were not received by the long-stop date of March 12, 2016 under the GME Agreement. Under the GME Agreement, in the event that the transaction did not close by March 12, 2016, either the Company or the sellers could terminate the transaction. As a result, on March 14, 2016, the Company terminated the GME Agreement. In December 2016, the Company and the stockholders of GME entered into a mutual release agreement pursuant to which each party agreed to release all potential claims against the other party in connection with the GME transaction. Pursuant to the release agreement,


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the Company paid $0.4 million to the stockholders of GME as a reimbursement for certain expenses incurred in connection with the GME transaction.
Renova - ESPRA
On March 29, 2016, the Company entered into a Termination Agreement (the “Termination Agreement”) with Renova with respect to the Securities Purchase Agreement dated July 15, 2015 among the Company, SunEdison and Renova relating to the ESPRA hydro-electric power plant (the “ESPRA SPA”). The Termination Agreement provides that, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, the ESPRA SPA will be terminated by mutual agreement of the Company and Renova. These conditions were satisfied on March 31, 2016 and the ESPRA SPA has been terminated. The Termination Agreement provides that the Company will pay Renova $10.0 million in connection with the termination of the ESPRA SPA. The Company made this payment to Renova on April 1, 2016. Pursuant to the Termination Agreement, the Company and Renova have granted each other full releases of any further obligations under the ESPRA SPA. As further described in Item 15. Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies, on July 14, 2016, Renova filed a request for arbitration against the Company and certain subsidiaries related to the Renova Transaction including, but not limited to, claims that the Company was liable to satisfy SunEdison’s obligations under a put/call arrangement entered into between SunEdison and Renova in connection with the Renova Transaction, and claims for common law fraud and securities fraud in connection with the Salvador and Bahia transactions.
4. POWER PLANTS
Power plants, net consists of the following:
 
 
As of December 31,
(In thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
Land
 
$
4,408

 
$
2,739

Solar power plants
 
562,086

 
306,203

Wind power plants
 
621,781

 

     Total power plants in service, at cost
 
1,188,275

 
308,942

Less accumulated depreciation
 
(40,438
)
 
(15,804
)
     Total power plants in service, net
 
1,147,837

 
293,138

Construction in progress - wind projects
 
513

 
92,941

     Total power plants, net
 
$
1,148,350

 
$
386,079

The Company recorded depreciation expense, related to power plants of $27.6 million, $6.9 million and $4.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Included in the reported depreciation expense are period currency translation adjustments for the years, respectively.
Construction in progress represents costs incurred to complete the construction of the power plants in the Company’s current portfolio that were either contributed to the Company by SunEdison or acquired from SunEdison. When plants are contributed or sold to the Company after completion by SunEdison, the Company retroactively recasts its historical financial statements to present the construction activity as if it consolidated the power plants at inception of the construction. All construction in progress costs are stated at SunEdison’s historical cost.


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5. DEPOSITS FOR ACQUISITIONS
Deposits for acquisitions consists of:
 
As of December 31,
(In thousands)
2015
India PSA payment to SunEdison
$
231,000

BioTherm payment
51,101

Total deposits for acquisitions
282,101

Less provision for contingent loss
(231,000
)
Total deposits for acquisitions, net
$
51,101

As of the year ended December 31, 2014, there were not deposits for acquisitions.
425 MW India Projects
On November 20, 2015, the Company and SunEdison Holdings Corporation entered into an Equity Interest Purchase and Sale Agreement pursuant to which the Company agreed to acquire from SunEdison Holdings Corporation a portfolio of 17 solar energy projects in India with an aggregate nameplate capacity of 425 MW ("The 425 MW India Projects'). This agreement was subsequently amended and restated on December 1, 2015. Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Equity Interest Purchase and Sale Agreement (the “India PSA”), the Company paid $231.0 million in cash to SunEdison Holdings Corporation in exchange for the 425 MW India Projects, which projects would be transferred to the Company upon satisfaction of certain conditions precedent.
During 2016, and beginning prior to the SunEdison Bankruptcy, the Company became aware that there was substantial risk that the 425 MW India Projects would not be completed and transferred to the Company in accordance with the India PSA.
In April 2016, the Company filed a verified complaint against SunEdison, SunEdison Holdings Corporation, Ahmad Chatila, Martin Truong and Brian Wuebbels in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware (see Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies). The complaint asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duty, breach of contract and unjust enrichment relating to the failure by SunEdison to transfer the equity interests in the 425 MW India Projects for which the Company paid $231.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2015. The complaint seeks various forms of relief, including a constructive trust upon the equity interests of SunEdison in the 425 MW India Projects, money damages from the defendants, restoration of the $231.0 million to the Company and such other relief as the court may deem just and proper. The claims against SunEdison have been stayed as a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy. The individual defendants filed an answer to the complaint on June 30, 2016.
The $231.0 million paid by the Company in accordance with the India PSA is reported as a deposit as of December 31, 2015. As of year end, the Company determined that the deposit for acquisition of the 425 MW India Projects was not realizable and as such, recorded a provision for contingent loss of the full $231.0 million in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015. The Company also recorded a corresponding charge in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2015.

As previously described, the Third Party Sale Transaction is being conducted in connection with SunEdison’s bankruptcy process and includes the 425 MW India portfolio.
BioTherm
As of December 31, 2015, the Company had paid $65.6 million in cash for the interests in the solar power plants Aries and Konkoonsies and the wind power plant Klipheuwel, as well as certain additional rights. In addition to the cash consideration, the Company provided 544,055 shares of its Class A common stock, for total consideration of $71.4 million. Cash paid to the escrow account of $20.3 million is reported as non-current restricted cash in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The remaining payment of $51.1 million in cash and stock is reflected as a deposit for acquisitions in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015. The completion of the BioTherm transaction remains subject to obtaining consents from the project lenders and is expected to occur in the first quarter of 2017. See Note 3 - Acquisitions for additional details related to this acquisition. In accordance with the funding arrangements, during the first and third quarters of 2016, the Company received $2.3 million and $1.7 million, respectively, from the escrow account with respect to the solar power plants Aries and Konkoonsies, which reduced the purchase price of the BioTherm transaction. Also in accordance with the funding arrangements, in the first and fourth quarter of 2016, the Company received $1.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively, from BioTherm with respect to the Klipheuwel wind power plant.


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6. ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS AND OTHER LIABILITIES
Activity in asset retirement obligations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 is as follows:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
Balance at the beginning of the year
 
$
5,049

 
$
2,553

     Additional obligations
 
863

 
2,930

Assumed through acquisition
 
3,690

 

     Accretion expense
 
369

 
243

Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
(1,342
)
 
(677
)
Balance at the end of the year
 
$
8,629

 
$
5,049

The Company does not have any assets that are legally restricted for the purpose of settling our asset retirement obligations as of December 31, 2015 and 2014. Additionally, there were no revisions of the estimated cash flows for our asset retirement obligations for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.
As of December 31, 2015, $19.5 million of the $123.3 million balance of accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet is comprised of an EPC payable to a contractor due in November 2016. As of December 31, 2014, this payable was included in other long-term liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. Subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company paid $19.5 million encompassing the full value of the contractor payable that existed as of December 31, 2015.
7. INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The following table presents the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of intangible assets as of December 31, 2015:
(In thousands, except weighted average amortization period)
 
Weighted Average Amortization Period
 
Gross Carrying Amount
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
Accumulated Currency Translation Adjustment
 
Net Book Value
In-place value of market rate revenue contracts
 
20 years
 
$
84,643

 
$
(1,632
)
 
$
(12,381
)
 
$
70,630

As of December 31, 2015, the Company had revenue contracts representing long-term PPAs that were obtained through acquisitions (see Note 3 - Acquisitions). There were no intangible assets as of December 31, 2014. Revenue contracts are amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining lives of the agreements, which range from 18 to 22 years as of December 31, 2015. Amortization expense related to revenue contracts is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations as either a reduction or increase of revenue when the contract rate is above or below market rates (favorable or unfavorable) or within depreciation, accretion and amortization expense when the contract rate is equal to market rates (in-place). As such, of the $1.6 million amortization expense recorded as of the December 31, 2015, $0.5 million was recorded as a reduction of revenue while the remaining $1.1 million of amortization expense was recorded within the depreciation, accretion, and amortization line item in the consolidated statement of operations.
    Over the next five fiscal years, we expect to recognize $4.4 million of annual amortization expense each year on our revenue contracts intangible asset.



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8. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
The Company consolidates any variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in power plants in which it is the primary beneficiary. The Company is the primary beneficiary of fourteen VIEs in power plants that were consolidated as of December 31, 2015, five of which existed and were consolidated as of December 31, 2014. The VIEs own and operate power plants in order to generate contracted cash flows. No VIEs were deconsolidated during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.
The carrying amounts and classification of the consolidated VIE assets and liabilities included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets are as follows:
 
 
As of December 31,
(In thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
Current assets
 
$
212,295

 
$
30,878

Non-current assets
 
579,069

 
210,781

Total assets
 
$
791,364

 
$
241,659

Current liabilities
 
$
370,395

 
$
5,000

Non-current liabilities
 
80,158

 
235,265

Total liabilities
 
$
450,553

 
$
240,265

The amounts shown in the table above exclude intercompany balances which are eliminated upon consolidation. All of the assets in the table above are restricted for settlement of the VIE obligations, and all of the liabilities in the table above can only be settled using VIE resources.
As disclosed in Note 3 - Acquisitions, the Company acquired the equity interest in the FERSA Projects in October 2015 and as of December 31, 2015, the Company is not the primary beneficiary and thus has not consolidated the acquired power plants, but has recorded this investment as an equity method investment. Based on the adoption of ASU 2015-02 in 2016, the Company will consolidate the assets and liabilities of the FERSA Projects as of January 1, 2016.

9. LONG-TERM DEBT
Long-term debt consists of the following:
 
 
As of December 31,
 
 
 
 
(In thousands, except rates)
 
2015
 
2014
 
Interest Type
 
Current Interest Rate (%) (1)
 
Financing Type
Corporate level long-term debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bridge Credit Facility
 
$

 
$
150,000

 
 
n/a
 
 
Term debt
Revolving Credit Facility
 
135,000

 

 
Variable
 
3.28%
 
 
Revolving line of credit
Senior Notes due 2022
 
791,826

 

 
Fixed
 
9.75%
 
 
Term debt
Project level long-term debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction financing
 

 
20,485

 
Variable
 
n/a
(2) 
 
Construction debt
Permanent financing
 
368,935

 
353,626

 
Blended
 
12.17%
(3) 
 
Term debt
Total long-term debt
 
1,295,761

 
524,111

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Less current portion of long-term debt (4)
 
327,714

 
31,542

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated long-term debt, less current portion
 
$
968,047

 
$
492,569

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)
The weighted average effective interest rate as of December 31, 2015.
(2)
As of December 31, 2015, no facilities have construction financing.
(3)
As of December 31, 2015, 8.8% of this balance had fixed interest rate debt and the remaining 91.2% had variable interest rate debt, of which a portion is hedged with interest rate swaps.
(4)
Approximately $319.0 million of long-term debt has been classified as current due to non-compliance with certain debt covenants as of December 31, 2015.



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Corporate Level Long-Term Debt
Bridge Credit Facility
On December 22, 2014, Global LLC entered into a credit and guaranty agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, collateral agent, documentation agent, sole lead arranger, sole lead bookrunner, and syndication agent, which initially provided for bridge term loans in an aggregate funding amount of $150.0 million that was subsequently amended to increase the aggregate funding to $550.0 million (the “Bridge Facility”).
Global LLC’s obligations under the Bridge Facility were guaranteed by certain of its domestic subsidiaries. The Company’s obligations and the guarantee obligations of its subsidiaries were secured by first priority liens on, and security interests in, substantially all present and future assets of Global LLC and the subsidiary guarantors. Global LLC paid debt issuance fees totaling $18.8 million upon entry into and the amendment of the Bridge Facility, which were recognized as deferred financing fees. On August 5, 2015, concurrent with the IPO, the Company repaid $459.8 million, which was all of the debt outstanding under the Bridge Facility and terminated the Bridge Facility. The Bridge Facility had a nominal interest rate of 9.0%.
Revolving Credit Facility
Concurrently with the IPO, Global Operating LLC entered into the Revolver, which provided for a revolving line of credit of $485.0 million. Commitments under the Revolver expire on August 5, 2019. The Revolver includes borrowing capacity available for letters of credit and allows for incremental commitments of up to $350.0 million. Global LLC and certain of its subsidiaries are guarantors under the Revolver. The Revolver contains certain financial covenants, including a maximum borrower leverage ratio and a minimum borrower debt service coverage ratio. The Revolver also contains covenants that are customary for this type of financing, including limitations on indebtedness, liens, investments and restricted payments; provided, however, that each of Global Operating LLC and Global LLC will be permitted to pay distributions to unit holders out of available cash so long as no default or event of default under the Revolver shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of such distribution or would result therefrom and Global Operating LLC is in compliance with its financial covenants. In connection with the Revolver, Global LLC has pledged to the lender as collateral (i) 100% of the equity in Global Operating LLC and (ii) 100% of the equity in certain intermediate subsidiaries of Global Operating LLC. The Revolver contains events of default that are customary for this type of financing.
As of December 31, 2015, Global Operating LLC had drawn $135.0 million on the Revolver. In addition, on September 1, 2015, Global Operating LLC issued a letter of credit under the terms of the Revolver for $0.5 million in support of the Alto Cielo acquisition. In accordance with the maturity date, the letter in support of Alto Cielo matured in August 2016.
On March 30, 2016, Global Operating LLC entered into a first amendment to the Revolver to amend certain financial covenants to extend the date on which the Company must deliver to the administrative agent and the other lenders party to the Revolver its financial statements and accompanying audit report with respect to the year ended December 31, 2015 (the “2015 Financials”) to April 30, 2016 and to provide for the engagement of a financial consultant to serve as advisor to the Revolver lenders. On April 29, 2016, Global Operating LLC entered into a second amendment to the Revolver, which further extended the due date for the delivery of the 2015 Financials to May 7, 2016.
On May 6, 2016, Global Operating LLC entered into a third amendment (the “Third Amendment”) to the Revolver. The Third Amendment reduced the aggregate amount of the revolving commitments to $350.0 million. Additionally, the Third Amendment extended the date by which the Company must deliver to the Administrative Agent and the other lenders party to the Revolver the 2015 Financials to the earlier of (a) the tenth business day prior to the date on which the failure to deliver the 2015 Financials would constitute an event of default under the indenture governing the Senior Notes and (b) March 30, 2017. The Third Amendment also extended the date by which the Company must deliver its unaudited quarterly financial statements with respect to the quarter ended March 31, 2016 to June 30, 2016 and with respect to the quarters ended June 30, 2016 and September 30, 2016 to the date that is 75 days after the end of each fiscal quarter. The Third Amendment also required the Company to undertake certain additional obligations, including (1) to provide the lenders with preliminary financial information for the quarter ended March 31, 2016, (2) to comply with Nasdaq requirements for submitting compliance plans for the Company’s delayed filings and (3) to request a waiver or amendment under the indenture governing the Senior Notes with respect to Global Operating LLC’s obligation to make available audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015. The Company has complied with all three requirements.
On September 8, 2016, the Company repaid the $135.0 million balance on the Revolver in connection with the consent solicitation of its Senior Notes and entered into the Second Supplemental Indenture as described below. Pursuant to the terms of the Second Supplemental Indenture, we may not borrow under the Revolver until the earlier of March 8, 2017 or such time as SunEdison has disposed of all or substantially all of its equity interests in the Company and an offer has been made to


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repurchase the Senior Notes at a purchase price in cash at least equal to 101% of the applicable principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, to the repurchase date (or a binding agreement to make such an offer has been entered into).    
On September 13, 2016, Global Operating LLC entered into a fourth amendment (the “Fourth Amendment”) to the Revolver pursuant to the requirements of the Third Amendment to increase the applicable margin used to determine the interest rate on loans under the Revolver under certain circumstances relating to a waiver or amendment under the Senior Notes.
Senior Notes Due 2022
Concurrently with the IPO, Global Operating LLC completed the sale of $810.0 million of 9.75% senior notes due 2022 (the “Senior Notes”) at an offering price of 98.753% of par, issued by Global Operating LLC in a private offering. The Senior Notes bear interest at a fixed rate, which interest is payable in cash semiannually, and mature on August 15, 2022. The Senior Notes are subject to customary redemption rights for high yield debt securities.
The Senior Notes are guaranteed by Global LLC and any subsidiaries of Global Operating LLC that guarantee Global Operating LLC’s obligations under the Revolver. Global does not guarantee the Senior Notes. The terms of the Senior Notes are governed under an indenture among Global LLC, Global Operating LLC, any subsidiary guarantors and a trustee. The indenture provides that upon the occurrence of a change of control, as defined therein, Global Operating LLC must offer to repurchase the Senior Notes at 101% of the applicable principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, to the repurchase date. The indenture also contains customary negative covenants, subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications, applicable to Global LLC, Global Operating LLC and its restricted subsidiaries, including, without limitation, covenants related to: indebtedness, disqualified stock and preferred stock; dividends and distributions to stockholders and parent entities; repurchase and redemption of capital stock; investments; transactions with affiliates; liens; mergers, consolidations and transfers of substantially all assets; transfer or sale of assets, including capital stock of subsidiaries; and prepayment, redemption or repurchase of indebtedness subordinated to the Senior Notes. The indenture also provides for customary events of default which, upon occurrence, would permit or require the principal of and accrued interest on the Senior Notes to become or to be declared due and payable.
In December 2015, the Company’s Board approved a $40.0 million open market repurchase program for the Company’s Senior Notes. The repurchase program began in December 2015 and continued through January 2016. As of December 31, 2015, $8.6 million of the Senior Notes were repurchased for $6.8 million, and the Company paid $0.4 million of accrued interest and prepayment fees. As of December 31, 2015, $0.4 million was included in accounts payable on the consolidated balance sheet representing principal and interest due to an investment bank for repurchases completed in December 2015 but settled in January 2016. A gain on extinguishment of $1.4 million was recognized related to these repurchases and is included in loss on extinguishment of debt, net for the year ended December 31, 2015. In January 2016, the Company repurchased $41.0 million of the Senior Notes for $33.2 million and paid $1.9 million of interest and prepayment fees. In total the Company repurchased $49.6 million of the Senior Notes for $40.0 million plus prepayment fees and interest of $2.3 million.
Based on this repurchase, the aggregate amount of the Senior Notes outstanding at December 31, 2015 was $791.8 million (or a notional amount of $801.4 million) and the aggregate amount outstanding at the conclusion of the program as of January 19, 2016 was $750.8 million (or a notional amount of $760.4 million).
On May 11, 2016, Global Operating LLC received a letter on behalf of certain beneficial holders of the Senior Notes, which purported to constitute a notice of default with respect to the failure of Global Operating LLC to comply with its obligations under the indenture governing the Senior Notes to timely furnish the Company’s annual report for the year ended December 31, 2015. On May 13, 2016, Global Operating LLC sent a response to this letter, stating that the purported notice of default was untimely, and therefore ineffective, under the indenture.
On May 31, 2016, Global Operating LLC received a notice of default from the trustee under the indenture governing the Senior Notes with respect to the failure of Global Operating LLC to comply with its obligations under the indenture governing the Senior Notes to timely furnish the Company’s annual report for the year ended December 31, 2015. The notice of default from the trustee complied with the 60-day grace period under the indenture. Under the indenture, Global Operating LLC has 90 days from the date such notice of default is deemed to be duly given under the indenture to cure the default by filing or making publicly available the Company’s annual report for the year ended December 31, 2015. If Global Operating LLC does not cure the default under the indenture, the trustee under the indenture or the holders of at least 25% of the Senior Notes may accelerate the Senior Notes, and the unpaid principal and accrued interest on the Senior Notes then outstanding would become immediately due and payable. The notice of default does not result in an acceleration of the Senior Notes prior to the expiration of such cure period, nor does it result in a cross-default under the Revolver.


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Global Operating LLC received a notice of default, dated July 15, 2016, from the trustee under the indenture governing the Senior Notes with respect to the failure of Global Operating LLC to comply with its obligations under the indenture governing the Senior Notes to timely furnish the Company’s Form 10-Q for the first quarter of 2016.
On September 2, 2016, the Company announced the successful completion of a consent solicitation to obtain waivers relating to certain reporting covenants under the indenture governing the Senior Notes and to effectuate certain amendments to the indenture governing the Senior Notes. Global Operating LLC received validly delivered and unrevoked consents from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes outstanding as of the record date. Global Operating LLC paid to each consenting holder a consent fee of $5.00 for each $1,000 principal amount of the Senior Notes held by such holder as to which Global Operating LLC received and accepted consents. Under the terms of the waivers, the deadline to comply with the reporting covenants in the indenture governing the Senior Notes relating to the filing of the Company’s Form 10-K for 2015 and Form 10-Q for the first quarter of 2016 was extended to December 6, 2016. Compliance with the reporting covenants in the indenture governing the Senior Notes relating to the filing of the Company’s Form 10-Q for the second quarter of 2016 was also waived until December 6, 2016, with no event of default expected to occur with respect to that Form 10-Q unless such Form 10-Q were not filed by early March 2017.

Additionally, on September 2, 2016, Global Operating LLC entered into a second supplemental indenture (the “Second Supplemental Indenture”) to the indenture governing the Senior Notes. The Second Supplemental Indenture, among other things, (i) provides for additional special interest on the Senior Notes beginning on September 6, 2016 through December 6, 2016 at a rate equal to 4.0% per annum; (ii) required Global Operating LLC to repay the borrowing then outstanding (other than the outstanding letters of credit) under the Revolver, and restricted the ability of Global Operating LLC and its restricted subsidiaries to further borrow or issue any additional letters of credit under the Revolver until the earlier of March 8, 2017 or such time as SunEdison has disposed of all or substantially all of its equity interests in the Company and Global Operating LLC has offered to repurchase the Senior Notes at 101% of the applicable principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, to the repurchase date (or a binding agreement to make such an offer has been entered into); (iii) imposed additional restrictions and conditions (including, in some cases, that require the existence of a board of directors of the Company that is independent from SunEdison) on the ability of Global LLC and its restricted subsidiaries to make restricted payments and permitted investments or to incur indebtedness or permitted liens; (iv) imposed restrictions and conditions on the ability of Global LLC and its restricted subsidiaries to settle, or pay settlement amounts in respect of, litigation claims involving excess settlement amounts; and (v) required Global LLC to provide legal and financial advisors to certain ad hoc holders of the Senior Notes with certain information, including certain information delivered to the lenders under the Revolver.

On December 2, 2016, Global Operating LLC received a letter from the trustee under the indenture governing the Senior Notes, which purported to constitute a notice of default with respect to the failure of Global Operating LLC to comply with its obligations under the indenture governing the Senior Notes to timely furnish the Company’s Form 10-Q for the second quarter of 2016. Global Operating LLC sent a response to this letter, stating that the purported notice of default was untimely, and therefore ineffective, under the indenture.

On December 6, 2016, the Company announced the successful completion of another consent solicitation to obtain additional waivers relating to certain reporting covenants under the indenture governing the Senior Notes. Global Operating LLC received validly delivered and unrevoked consents from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes outstanding as of the record date. Global Operating LLC paid to each consenting holder an initial consent fee of $3.50 for each $1,000 principal amount of the Senior Notes held by such holder as to which Global Operating LLC received and accepted consents. Under the terms of the additional waivers, the deadline to comply with the reporting covenants in the indenture governing the Senior Notes relating to the filing of the Company’s annual and quarterly reports required to be filed (including the Form 10-K for 2015 and the Form 10-Q for the first quarter of 2016) was extended to December 26, 2016, with Global Operating LLC having the option to further extend the deadline to January 6, 2017, to the extent necessary, by paying an extension fee.

Global Operating LLC agreed with the holders of the Senior Notes in connection with its most recent consent solicitation that written notice shall be deemed to have been validly given, for purposes of the related event of default under the indenture governing the Senior Notes, on December 6, 2016 with respect to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the second quarter of 2016. Therefore, no event of default under the indenture governing the Senior Notes is expected to occur with respect to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the second quarter of 2016 unless such Form 10-Q were not filed by early March 2017.

Covenant defaults may occur in the future under the Company’s Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes in the event of further delays in the filing of our periodic reports with the SEC and potential violation of financial covenants. We have amended, or obtained waivers of, the relevant covenants in the Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes to avoid any such defaults as a result of the delays, including by extending the required filing date of our Form 10-


160


K for the year ended December 31, 2015 through December 26, 2016 and, in the case of the indenture governing our Senior Notes, by extending the required filing dates of our Forms 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 and for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 through December 26, 2016 and early March 2017, respectively. There can be no assurance that we will be able to file our periodic reports (including our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 or Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2016 or any quarters thereafter) with the SEC within the periods currently required under our Revolver and the indenture governing our Senior Notes. The Revolver also contains financial covenants that the Company is required to meet on a quarterly basis, and management projections indicate that the Company could violate the Revolver’s debt service coverage covenant during 2017 which, if the Revolver is not amended or terminated, could cause a default under the Revolver and, depending on the outstanding amount under the Revolver at the time of such default, a cross-default on the Senior Notes.
    
There can be no assurance that our lenders will agree to further extensions of financial statement filing dates or amendments to relevant covenants on acceptable terms or at all. As of December 20, 2016, the Revolver is undrawn, and in the event we are not able to cure or secure a waiver for a default under the Revolver, the Company’s available liquidity is sufficient to allow for the Revolver to be terminated, which would also avoid a cross-default on the Senior Notes. However, in the event of a default on the Senior Notes, the Company would likely not have sufficient liquidity to meet this obligation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay dividends. A default under the indenture governing our Senior Notes would also result in a cross-default under the Revolver that would permit the lenders holding more than 50% of the aggregate exposure under the Revolver to accelerate any outstanding principal amount of loans, terminate any outstanding letter of credit and terminate the outstanding commitments under our Revolver.

Project Level Long-Term Debt
The Company typically finances power plants through entity specific debt secured by the power plant’s assets and equity interests with no recourse to the Company. These financing agreements typically provide for a credit facility used for construction, which upon completion is converted into term debt. The Company had $368.9 million and $374.1 million of project level debt for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The project level debt is secured by the assets of the applicable project companies and certain intermediary holding companies.
Term debt for power plants in South Africa consists of variable rate loans, totaling $306.9 million, with interest rates tied to the three-month LIBOR and the three-month Johannesburg Interbank Agreed Rate, as well as fixed rate loans totaling $9.7 million. The interest rates on the South Africa term debt as of December 31, 2015 range from 12.29% to 13.03% and the debt matures between 2024 and 2031. Principal and interest are due and payable in arrears at the end of each fiscal quarter or semi-annually and on the maturity date of the credit facilities.
As of December 31, 2015, the Witkop and Soutpan power plants, which have term debt financed with a South African Rand (ZAR)-denominated term loan from The Standard Bank of South Africa Limited, had an outstanding principal amount totaling $122.1 million. This term debt matures in 2031. The term loans contain various customary restrictive covenants, including covenants restricting the payment of distributions and requiring compliance with various transaction documents, including the EPC contract. As of December 31, 2015, the Company was not in compliance with certain covenants due to the failure by the Witkop and Soutpan project companies to file auditors' certificates for certain financial ratios, audited financial statements and semi-annual operating reports. Thus, the debt balances are classified as current as of December 31, 2015. These defaults also prevent the Company from receiving distributions from the Soutpan and Witkop power plants and provide the lenders with the right to accelerate the debt maturity. The company is currently working with the applicable project lenders to obtain waivers and/or forbearance agreements as we seek to cure such defaults; however, no assurances can be given that such waivers and/or forbearance agreements will be obtained.
As of December 31, 2015, the Boshof power plant, which has term debt financed with a U.S. dollar-denominated term loan from the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (“OPIC”), had an outstanding principal amount of approximately $184.6 million.  The term debt matures in September 2031. The term loans contain various customary restrictive covenants, including covenants restricting the payment of distributions and requiring compliance with various transaction documents, including the EPC contract.  The Company was not in compliance with certain covenants due to the failure by the Boshof project company to submit its tax return for the year ended December 31, 2014 by December 31, 2015 and, a delay by the contractor, a SunEdison subsidiary, in achieving final completion under the EPC contract. Thus, the debt balances are classified as current as of December 31, 2015. These defaults also prevent the Company from receiving distributions from the Boshof power plant and provide OPIC with the right to accelerate the debt maturity. The Company is currently working with OPIC to obtain waivers and/or forbearance agreements as we seek to cure such defaults; however, no assurances can be given that such waivers and/or forbearance agreements will be obtained.


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Term debt for power plants in India consists of fixed and variable rate loans with interest rates tied to one of the following indexes: (i) the six-month LIBOR; (ii) the two-year Infrastructure Development Finance Company (“IDFC”) benchmark rate; (iii) the PFS reference rate; or (iv) the L&T prime lending rate. India term debt with fixed rates totaled $21.3 million as of December 31, 2015, with rates ranging from 0.0% to 12.0%. India term debt with variable rates totaled $23.8 million as of December 31, 2015, with an interest rate of 12.6%. All loans mature between 2026 and 2029. Principal and interest are due and payable in arrears monthly or quarterly and on the maturity dates of the credit facilities. During the second quarter of 2016, the Company repaid in full the $23.6 million of project level indebtedness of the NSM 24 power plant, which constituted all of the variable rate India term debt that was outstanding as of December 31, 2015. Prior to this repayment, the Company was in default on this project level indebtedness, however a waiver had been obtained through December 31, 2016.
As of December 31, 2015, the Azure and ESP Urja power plants, which have term debt financed with a U.S. dollar-denominated term loan from OPIC, had a combined outstanding principal amount of approximately $19.5 million. The term debt matures in September and December of 2026 and bears fixed interest at a rate of 4.7% and 4.5%, per annum, respectively. Interest and principal amortization payments are made on a quarterly basis. The term loans contain various customary restrictive covenants, including covenants restricting the payment of distributions and requiring maintenance of certain financial ratios. As of December 31, 2015, the Company was not in compliance with certain covenants due to changes in foreign currency valuations, the failure by the Azure and ESP Urja project companies to file audited financial statements and, a delay by local authorities to complete the classification of a portion of the project sites as non-agricultural use. Thus, the debt balances are classified as current as of December 31, 2015. These defaults also prevent the Company from receiving distributions from the Azure and ESP Urja power plants and provide OPIC with the right to accelerate the debt maturity. The company is currently working with OPIC to obtain waivers and/or forbearance agreements as we seek to cure such defaults; however, no assurances can be given that such waivers and/or forbearance agreements will be obtained.
Term debt totaling $5.9 million for power plants in Malaysia consists of variable rate loans with interest rates tied to the Kuala Lumpur Interbank Offered Rate. The interest rate on Malaysian term debt as of December 31, 2015 was 6.5% and the Malaysian term debt matures in 2028. Principal and interest are due and payable in arrears at the end of each fiscal quarter or on the maturity date of the credit facility. Each of the term debt agreements contains customary representations, covenants and warranties of the respective borrower including limitations on business activities, guarantees, environmental issues, plant maintenance standards and a minimum debt service coverage ratio requirement. In particular these agreements contain financial and other restrictive covenants that limit the Company’s project companies’ ability to make distributions to it or otherwise engage in activities that may be in its long-term best interests. The project level financing agreements generally prohibit distributions from the project entities to the Company unless certain specific conditions are met, including the satisfaction of certain financial ratios.
Each of the term debt agreements contains customary representations, covenants and warranties of the respective borrower including limitations on business activities, guarantees, environmental issues, power plant maintenance standards and a minimum debt service coverage ratio requirement. In particular these agreements contain financial and other restrictive covenants that limit the Company’s power plant subsidiaries’ ability to make distributions to it or otherwise engage in activities that may be in its long-term best interests. The project level financing agreements generally prohibit distributions from the power plant entities to the Company unless certain specific conditions are met, including the satisfaction of certain financial ratios.
Debt Extinguishments
During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company repaid $475.9 million aggregate principal amount of project level indebtedness related to certain of its power plants. As a result of these project level extinguishments, the Company recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $3.7 million, which is included in loss on extinguishment of debt, net for the year ended December 31, 2015.
As discussed above, in December 2015, the Company’s Board approved a $40.0 million open market repurchase program for the Company’s Senior Notes. The repurchase program began in December 2015 and continued through January 2016. As of December 31, 2015, $8.6 million of the Senior Notes were repurchased for $6.8 million, and the Company paid $0.4 million of accrued interest and prepayment fees. As of December 31, 2015, $0.4 million was included in accounts payable on the consolidated balance sheet representing principal and interest due to an investment bank for repurchases completed in December 2015 but settled in January 2016. A gain on extinguishment of $1.4 million was recognized related to these repurchases and is included in loss on extinguishment of debt, net for the year ended December 31, 2015.


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Capitalized Interest
Interest expense consisting of amortization of deferred financing costs and amounts incurred on funds borrowed to finance construction of solar or wind energy systems is capitalized until the system is ready for its intended use. During the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company capitalized $1.8 million and $1.6 million of interest, respectively. Capitalized interest is found within the Power Plants, net line item on the Company's consolidated balance sheets.
Interest Income
Interest expense in the consolidated statement of operations is presented net of interest income. During the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company received interest income of $2.6 million and $1.4 million, respectively, from its cash and cash equivalents balances, short-term investments and restricted deposit accounts. No interest income was received during the year ended December 31, 2013.
Maturities
The aggregate amounts of payments on long-term debt due after December 31, 2015 excluding amortization of debt discounts and premiums, as stated in the financing agreements, are as follows:
(In thousands)
 
2016 (1)
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019
 
2020
 
Thereafter
 
Total
Corporate
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
135,000

 
$

 
$
801,395

 
$
936,395

Project level
 
11,044

 
10,721

 
10,079

 
13,555

 
17,318

 
310,223

 
372,940

Total
 
$
11,044

 
$
10,721

 
$
10,079

 
$
148,555

 
$
17,318

 
$
1,111,618

 
$
1,309,335

(1)
Represents the contractual principal payment due dates for our long-term debt and does not reflect the reclassification of $319.0 million of long-term debt to current as a result of debt defaults under a portion of our non-recourse financing agreements.
As described above, on September 8, 2016, the Company repaid the $135.0 million balance on the Revolver in connection with the consent solicitation of its Senior Notes and entered into the Second Supplemental Indenture.
Subsequent Events
Event of Default
On April 21, 2016, SunEdison and certain of its domestic and international subsidiaries voluntarily filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (the “SunEdison Bankruptcy”). Our corporate level revolving credit facility and indenture do not include an event of default provision triggered by the SunEdison Bankruptcy. However, the project level financing agreements for our two remaining levered power plants in India and our three power plants in South Africa contain provisions that provide the lenders with the right to accelerate debt maturity due to the SunEdison Bankruptcy with SunEdison being an original sponsor of the project and/or party to certain material project agreements, such as O&M and EPC related contracts. In addition, certain audited financial statements at the project level have been delayed, which created defaults at the project level for our levered power plants. If not cured or waived, these defaults may restrict the ability of the project companies to make distributions to us or provide the lenders with the right to accelerate debt maturity. As of December 31, 2015 and October 31, 2016, the outstanding debt balances of these power plants were reclassified to current. We are currently working with the applicable project lenders to obtain waivers and/or forbearance agreements as we seek to cure such defaults; however, no assurances can be given that such waivers and/or forbearance agreements will be obtained.
On June 16, 2016, Global Operating LLC received a breach of agreement notice from one of its foreign currency hedging counterparties under the International Swap Dealers Association, Inc. (ISDA) Master Agreement dated August 6, 2015 (the “ISDA Agreement”). The notice stated that because the applicable foreign currency hedging counterparty did not receive the audited financial statements of the Company within 120 days following the end of the fiscal year, as required under the ISDA Agreement, there would be an event of default under the ISDA Agreement if this deficiency is not remedied within 30 days after the date of the notice. On July 19, 2016 the Company and the applicable foreign currency hedging counterparty entered into an amendment to the ISDA Agreement (the “Amendment”). The Amendment extended the date by which the Company must deliver to the applicable foreign currency hedging counterparty the financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2015 to the date such statements are to be delivered under the Revolver. See above in this Note 9 - Long-Term Debt for additional information on the date such statements are to be delivered under the Revolver.


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10. INCOME TAXES
The net loss before income tax expense (benefit) consists of the following:
 
 
For the Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
U.S.
 
$
(383,411
)
 
$
(858
)
 
$
(114
)
Foreign
 
17,260

 
(2,481
)
 
(3,814
)
Total
 
$
(366,151
)
 
$
(3,339
)
 
$
(3,928
)
Income tax provision consisted of the following:
(In thousands)
 
Current
 
Deferred
 
Total
Year ended December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 


U.S. federal
 
$

 
$

 
$

Foreign
 
1,628

 
3,230

 
4,858

Total
 
$
1,628


$
3,230

 
$
4,858

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. federal
 
$

 
$

 
$

Foreign
 
239

 
1,461

 
1,700

Total
 
$
239

 
$
1,461

 
$
1,700

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. federal
 
$

 
$
(1,866
)
 
$
(1,866
)
Foreign
 
305

 
(90
)
 
215

Total
 
$
305

 
$
(1,956
)
 
$
(1,651
)
Effective Tax Rate
Income tax provision differed from the amounts computed by applying the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate of 35% to loss before income taxes.
 
 
Year ended December 31,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
Income tax benefit at U.S. federal statutory rate
 
35.0
 %
 
35.0
 %
 
35.0
 %
Increase (reduction) in income taxes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Branch income
 
(0.6
)%
 
26.1
 %
 
37.7
 %
Foreign rate differential
 
0.2
 %
 
(9.8
)%
 
(13.3
)%
Impact of tax holiday
 
(0.1
)%
 
6.3
 %
 
12.9
 %
Non-deductible expenses
 
(0.1
)%
 
(37.2
)%
 
(6.1
)%
Imputed interest
 
(0.9
)%
 
 %
 
 %
Prior period adjustment
 
(0.1
)%
 
 %
 
 %
Change in valuation allowance
 
(23.1
)%
 
(62.6
)%
 
(54.8
)%
Foreign taxes
 
 %
 
(11.4
)%
 
33.6
 %
Non-Allocable Partnership Loss
 
(11.6
)%
 
 %
 
 %
Other
 
 %
 
2.7
 %
 
(3.0
)%
Effective tax (expense) benefit rate
 
(1.3
)%

(50.9
)%

42.0
 %
The branch income line item represents pre-tax income or loss generated in foreign pass-through entities, inclusive of permanent differences, multiplied by the U.S. statutory rate. This line item reflects the double taxation of foreign income or loss


164


which will occur as a result of such income or loss being subject to tax both in the foreign jurisdiction to which the entity relates as well as the U.S. The U.S. statutory rate, rather than the local foreign rate, is applied to this income or loss so that the impact of the rate differential between the U.S. statutory rate and the various foreign rates can be separately shown in the line item “Foreign rate differential”.    
The foreign taxes line item represents the future U.S. tax implications associated with foreign tax expense or benefit generated in each foreign jurisdiction. To the extent a foreign jurisdiction generates tax expense, that expense is generally expected to result in U.S. tax deductions in the future. To the extent a foreign jurisdiction recognizes a tax benefit, that benefit is generally expected to result in an increase to U.S. taxable income in the future.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company owns 65.1% of Global LLC and consolidates the results of Global LLC through its controlling interest. The Company records SunEdison’s 34.9% ownership of Global LLC as a non-controlling interest in the financial statements. Global LLC is treated as a partnership for income tax purposes. As such, the Company records income tax on its 65.1% of Global LLC’s taxable income and SunEdison records income tax on its 34.9% share of taxable income generated by Global LLC.
For the year ended December 31, 2015, the overall effective tax rate was different than the statutory rate of 35.0% primarily due to change in valuation allowances in our U.S. and foreign jurisdictions as well as non-allocable partnership losses. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company increased its valuation allowance by $252.2 million, of which $82.5 million dollars was recorded to continuing operations and $169.8 million was recorded to the balance sheet. As part of the IPO, the Company allocates taxes to its minority owner, of which $3.7 million was allocated for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Deferred Taxes
The tax effects of the major items recorded as deferred tax assets and liabilities are:
 
 
As of December 31,
(In thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
 
Net operating loss carryforwards
 
$
99,724

 
$
38,901

Asset retirement obligations
 
685

 
644

Deferred foreign taxes
 

 
940

Derivatives
 
16,464

 
3,452

Unrealized currency loss
 
822

 
164

Investment in Partnership
 
214,799

 

Other
 
1,892

 

Total deferred tax assets
 
334,386

 
44,101

Valuation allowance
 
(261,501
)
 
(9,265
)
Net deferred tax assets
 
72,885

 
34,836

 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Power plants
 
(64,967
)
 
(36,136
)
Intangible assets
 
(18,320
)
 

Derivatives
 

 

Capitalized Interest
 
(1,013
)
 

Unrealized currency gain/loss
 
(17,529
)
 
(1,384
)
Other
 

 

Total deferred tax liabilities
 
(101,829
)
 
(37,520
)
Valuation allowance
 

 

Net deferred tax liabilities
 
$
(28,944
)
 
$
(2,684
)
The Company regularly reviews its deferred tax assets for realizability, taking into consideration all available evidence, both positive and negative, including cumulative losses, projected future pre-tax and taxable income (losses), the


165


expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences and the expected impact of tax planning strategies. In conjunction with the IPO, the Company recognized net deferred tax assets of $5.5 million in jurisdictions where it is more likely than not these tax benefits will be realized. The Company’s total deferred tax liabilities, net of deferred tax assets, as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, were $28.9 million and $2.7 million, respectively.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company's most significant asset for which deferred taxes are being provided is its basis in the Global LLC partnership interest. The underlying solar generation facilities are controlled under Global LLC, and thus deferred tax assets and liabilities at the Company's project portfolio companies are captured within the deferred tax asset for investment in partnership. As of December 31, 2015, the Company has gross net operating loss carryforwards of $62.6 million in the United States and $298.2 million in multiple foreign jurisdictions that will expire beginning in 2036 and 2016, respectively. The Company believes that it is more likely than not that it will not generate sufficient taxable income to realize the deferred tax assets associated with most of its net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards and has recorded a valuation allowance against most of its net deferred tax assets.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company has identified no uncertain tax positions under ASC 740-10.
At December 31, 2015, United States has net operating loss carryforwards for income tax purposes of $62.6 million, which are available to offset future taxable income, if any, over a twenty year period. Malaysia has net operating loss carryforwards for income tax purposes of $23.0 million, which are available to offset future taxable income, if any, over an indefinite period. South Africa has net operating loss carryforwards for income tax purposes of $212.7 million, which are available to offset future taxable income, if any, over an indefinite period. India has net operating loss carryforwards for income tax purposes of $27.8 million, which are available to offset future taxable income, if any, over an indefinite period to the extent of unabsorbed tax depreciation. Any other carryforwards in India are available for an eight year period from the period in which they were generated. China has net operating loss carryforwards for income tax purposes of $32.5 million, which are available to offset future taxable income, if any, over a five year period. Singapore has net operating loss carryforwards for income tax purposes of $2.2 million, which are available to offset future taxable income, if any, over an indefinite period.    
Our subsidiaries in India had pretax income of $0.9 million in 2015 and pretax income of $0.7 million in 2014, have a 100% rate reduction tax holiday, which expires 15 years from the date of commissioning of the solar power plant and is available for a 10-year period starting from the date on which the project entity starts claiming the holiday. For its project entities, the tax holiday detriment/(benefit) totaled $0.8 million, zero, and $(1.1) million in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The tax holiday periods are effective through 2025 or 2029, based on the applicable project's commission date.
Our subsidiaries in Malaysia had pretax loss of $1.3 million in 2015 and pretax income of $0.2 million in 2014, received tax incentives for all three power plants allowing for accelerated tax depreciation on qualified solar assets.
Our subsidiaries in Thailand had pretax income of $0.9 million in 2015 and pretax loss of $0.4 million in 2014, have a 100% rate reduction tax holiday for the first eight years, and a 50% rate reduction for the next five years. For its project entities, the tax holiday detriment/(benefit) totaled $(0.4) million, $0.1 million, and $0.1 million in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The tax holiday is effective through 2026.
Our subsidiaries in South Africa had pretax income of $12.2 million in 2015 and pretax income of $0.1 million in 2014, received tax incentives allowing for accelerated tax depreciation on qualified solar assets.
Our subsidiaries in China had a pretax income of $1.4 million in 2015 and pretax loss of $3.1 million in 2014, and have a 100% rate reduction tax holiday for the first three years, and a 50% rate reduction for the next three years. For its project entities, the tax holiday detriment/(benefit) totaled $(0.1) million, $(0.3) million, and $0.5 million in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The tax holiday is effective through 2018.
Our subsidiaries in Brazil had a pretax income of $6.0 million in 2015. Brazil has elected the presumed profit method which taxes gross receipts rather than adjusted taxable income.
11. DERIVATIVES
As part of the Company’s risk management strategy, the Company has entered into derivative instruments which include interest rate swaps, foreign currency contracts and cross currency swaps to mitigate interest rate and foreign currency exposure. If the Company elects to do so and if the instrument meets the criteria specified in ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, the Company designates its derivative instruments as cash flow hedges. The Company enters into interest rate swap agreements in order to hedge the variability of expected future cash interest payments. Cross currency swaps are used to reduce risks arising from the change in fair value of certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities in order to minimize the


166


impact of foreign currency fluctuations on operating results. The Company does not use derivative instruments for speculative purposes.
Activities related to derivative instruments were reported in the line items as of and for the periods indicated, as follows:
(In thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value As of December 31,
Type of Instrument
 
Balance Sheet Classification
 
Notional Amount
 
2015
 
2014
Derivatives designated as hedging:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
 
Other assets (liabilities), net
 
$
119,366

 
$
6,210

 
$
(4,780
)
 
 
Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss
 


 
(6,210
)
 
11,489

Cross currency swaps
 
Other assets
 
184,648

 
64,083

 
18,183

 
 
Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss
 


 
1,202

 
(21,630
)
Derivatives not designated as hedging:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
 
Other assets (liabilities)
 
$
110,531

 
$
5,194

 
$
(486
)
Foreign currency forward contracts
 
Other assets
 
493,661

 
21,383

 

(In thousands)
 
 
 
Loss (Gain) for the Year Ended December 31,
Type of Instrument
 
Statement of Operations Classification
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
Derivatives not designated as hedging:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
 
Interest (income) expense, net
 
$
(5,639
)
 
$
705

 
$
(158
)
Foreign currency contracts
 
Loss on foreign currency exchange
 
33,142

 

 

Certain derivative contracts contain provisions providing the counterparties a lien on specific assets as collateral. There was no cash collateral received or pledged as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 related to the Company’s derivative transactions.    
The following table presents the changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss related to derivatives designated as hedges, and the related tax effects for the year ended December 31, 2015.
(In thousands)
 
Before Tax
 
Tax Effect
 
Net of Tax
Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss related to interest rate swaps
 
(6,210
)
 
1,738

 
(4,472
)
Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss related to cross currency swaps
 
1,202

 
(336
)
 
866

Net other comprehensive (income) loss related to derivatives designated as hedges
 
(5,008
)
 
1,402

 
(3,606
)
Derivatives Designated as Hedges
Interest Rate Swaps
The Company has entered into interest rate swap agreements to hedge variable rate project level debt. These interest rate swaps qualify for hedge accounting and are designated as cash flow hedges. Under the interest rate swap agreements, the power plant pays a fixed rate and the counterparty to the agreement pays a variable interest rate. No amounts deferred in other comprehensive income were reclassified into earnings during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.
Cross Currency Swaps
The Company has entered into cross currency swap agreements to hedge its exposure to foreign currency fluctuations on debt denominated in U.S. dollars. These cross currency rate swaps qualify for hedge accounting and were designated as cash flow hedges. The amounts deferred in other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings during the period related to these cross currency swaps are provided in the table above. There was no ineffectiveness recorded for the periods presented.
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges
Interest Rate Swaps


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The Company has entered into interest rate swap agreements that economically hedge the cash flows for project level debt. These interest rate swaps pay a fixed rate and the counterparties to the agreements pay a variable interest rate. The changes in fair value are recorded in interest expense, net in the consolidated statement of operations as these hedges are not accounted for under hedge accounting.
Foreign Currency Contracts
The Company transacts business in various foreign currencies and has established a program that primarily utilizes foreign currency contracts to offset the risks associated with the effects of certain foreign currency exposures. The Company does not use these foreign currency contracts for trading purposes nor does it designate these forward contracts as hedging instruments pursuant to ASC 815. As of December 31, 2015, the notional amounts of the foreign currency contracts the Company held to purchase U.S. dollars in exchange for other major international currencies were $493.7 million. Included in the Company’s non-operating income was $33.1 million of net losses related to these foreign currency contracts for the year ended December 31, 2015 that hedge the purchase of foreign currencies for investments in acquisitions and debt extinguishments was a result of devaluation as compared to the U.S. dollar in the Brazilian real (BRL), Chinese yuan renminbi (CNY), Indian rupee (INR), Malaysian ringgit (MYR), South African rand (ZAR), and Thai baht (THB). The fair value of the Company’s outstanding foreign currency forward contracts was a net asset of $21.4 million as of December 31, 2015. The cash flow related to foreign currency contracts that remain outstanding are classified as operating activities. The cash flows associated with foreign currency contract settlements are classified as investing activities. The net loss relating to investments is partially offset by the lower cost associated with the cash flows associated with the acquisitions and debt extinguishments that were hedged.
12. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The fair value of assets and liabilities are determined using either unadjusted quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) or pricing inputs that are observable (Level 2) whenever that information is available and using unobservable inputs (Level 3) to estimate fair value only when relevant observable inputs are not available.
The Company uses valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs. Assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest priority level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Where observable inputs are available for substantially the full term of the asset or liability, the instrument is categorized in Level 2. If the inputs into the valuation are not corroborated by market data, in such instances, the valuation for these contracts is established using techniques including extrapolation from or interpolation between actively traded contracts as well as the calculation of implied volatilities. When such inputs have a significant impact on the measurement of fair value, the instrument is categorized as Level 3. The Company regularly evaluates and validates the inputs used to determine fair value by using pricing services to support the underlying market price of interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates.
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The following table summarizes the financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis classified in the fair value hierarchy (Level 1, 2 or 3) based on the inputs used for valuation in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets:
 
As of December 31, 2015
 
As of December 31, 2014
Assets (liabilities) in thousands
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Interest rate swaps
$

 
$
11,404

 
$

 
$
11,404

 
$

 
$
(4,780
)
 
$

 
$
(4,780
)
Foreign currency forward swaps
21,383

 

 

 
21,383

 

 

 

 

Cross currency swaps

 
64,083

 

 
64,083

 

 
18,183

 

 
18,183

Total
$
21,383

 
$
75,487

 
$

 
$
96,870

 
$

 
$
13,403

 
$

 
$
13,403

The Company uses a discounted valuation technique to fair value its derivative assets and liabilities. The primary inputs into the valuation of interest rate swaps, cross currency swaps and foreign currency contracts are forward interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, and to a lesser degree, credit spreads. The Company’s interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps are considered Level 2, since all significant inputs are corroborated by market observable data. There were no transfers into or out of Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 during the years ended December 31, 2015 or 2014.
Fair Value of Long-Term Debt


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The following table presents the carrying amount and estimated fair value of our outstanding short-term and long-term debt obligations as of December 31, 2015:
 
 
As of December 31, 2015
As of December 31, 2014
(In thousands)
 
Carrying Amount
 
Fair Value
Carrying Amount
 
Fair Value
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Long-term debt, including current portion
 
$
1,295,761

 
$
1,125,124

$
524,111

 
$
524,111

The fair value of the Company's long-term debt, except the Senior Notes and Revolver, was determined using inputs classified as Level 2 and a discounted cash flow approach using market rates for similar debt instruments. The fair values of the Senior Notes and revolving credit facility are based on market price information of the notes which is classified as a Level 1 input. The Senior Notes are measured using available trades at the end of each respective fiscal year. Although the revolver is not publicly traded, the company determined it appropriate that the discount rate for the revolver be benchmarked to the discount rate of the Senior Notes under the assumption that the potential market participants of the revolver are similar to the principal market participants of the Senior Notes. As such, the fair value of the Senior Notes and the Revolver 80.25% of their face value as of December 31, 2015.
The Company determined that book value approximates fair value as of December 31, 2014 due to the variable rate nature of these obligations outstanding as of that date.

13. STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
Authorized Capital Stock
On August 5, 2015, the Company amended and restated its certificate of incorporation to authorize: (i) 2,750,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share; (ii) 200,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share; (iii) 550,000,000 shares of Class B1 common stock, par value $0.01 per share; and (iv) 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share.
Each share of Class A common stock and Class B1 common stock entitles the stockholder to one vote with respect to each matter presented to the Company’s stockholders on which the holders of Class A common stock or Class B1 common stock, as applicable, are entitled to vote. Each share of Class B common stock entitles the stockholder to 100 votes on matters presented to the Company’s stockholders generally. Holders of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, Class B common stock and Class B1 common stock vote together as a single class on all matters presented to the Company’s stockholders for their vote or approval, except as otherwise required by applicable law. Holders of the Company’s Class B common stock and Class B1 common stock do not have any right to receive dividends. Shares of Class B common stock and Class B1 common stock can be redeemed at a price per share equal to par value upon the exchange of Class B Units of Global LLC for shares of the Company’s Class A common stock.
Initial Public Offering
On August 5, 2015, the Company completed its IPO by issuing 45,000,000 shares of its Class A common stock at a price of $15.00 per share (the “IPO Price”) for aggregate gross proceeds of $675.0 million. As of December 31, 2015, the Company owns 65.1% of Global LLC and consolidates the results of Global LLC through its controlling interest, with SunEdison’s 34.9% interest shown as non-controlling interests.
The Company received net proceeds of $619.1 million from the sale of this Class A common stock after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions, structuring fees, and offering expenses.
Private Placements
On May 6, 2015, Global LLC raised $175.0 million from the sale of its Class D units to certain private investors (the “May Private Placement”). On June 9, 2015, Global LLC raised an additional $335.0 million from the sale of its Class D units to certain additional private investors (the “June Private Placement” and, together with the May Private Placement, the “Units Private Placements”). The investors in the Units Private Placements received an aggregate 36,471,710 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock upon the closing of the IPO in exchange for the Class D units purchased in the Units Private Placements. On August 5, 2015, concurrently with the closing of the IPO, the Company sold 4,500,000 shares of its Class A common stock at a price per share equal to the IPO Price to certain private investors pursuant to a stock purchase agreement for gross proceeds


169


of $67.5 million (the “Concurrent Private Placement” and, together with the Units Private Placements, the “Private Placements”). The net proceeds received from the Private Placements were approximately $549.1 million, after deducting for fees and expenses.
Outstanding Equity Securities
As of December 31, 2015, the following shares of the Company were outstanding:
Class:
 
Number Outstanding
 
Stockholder(s)
Class A common stock
 
114,630,318

 
*
Class B common stock
 
61,343,054

 
SunEdison
Class B1 common stock
 

 
Not Applicable
Preferred stock
 

 
Not Applicable
Total shares outstanding
 
175,973,372

 

*Common stockholders are comprised of: public stockholders, Renova Energia SA, BTSA Netherlands Cooperatie UA, SunEdison, executive officers, management and employees.
Treasury Stock
As of December 31, 2015, the Company owned 5,244 treasury shares of Class A common stock. All of these treasury shares were acquired in exchange for the settlement of a future tax obligation related to stock-based compensation arrangements.
Dividends
On November 10, 2015, the Company declared a quarterly dividend for the third quarter of 2015 on the Company’s Class A common stock of $0.1704 per share, or $1.10 per share on an annualized basis, prorated to adjust for a partial quarter as the Company completed its IPO of shares on August 5, 2015. The dividend was paid on December 15, 2015 to stockholders of record as of December 1, 2015.
Noncontrolling Interest in Power Plants
Establishment of noncontrolling interest in power plants is the allocation of Net SunEdison Investment to noncontrolling interest at the IPO date. Amounts allocated to noncontrolling interest are based on the equity ownership percentages at the IPO date and include allocation of net income or loss through that date.
Equity Reallocation
Equity reallocation of $124.4 million as of December 31, 2015 is due to an adjustment of capital balances to reflect respective equity ownership percentages as of each balance sheet date.
Subsequent Event
On February 29, 2016, the Company declared a quarterly dividend for the fourth quarter of 2015 on the Company’s Class A common stock of $0.275 per share, or $1.10 per share on an annualized basis. The dividend was paid on March 17, 2016 to stockholders of record as of March 10, 2016. The Company has not declared or paid a dividend for the first, second, or third quarter of 2016. As a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, the limitations on our ability to access the capital markets for our corporate debt and equity securities, and other risks that we face as detailed in within this Form 10-K, we believe it is prudent to defer any decisions on paying dividends to our stockholders for the time being.
14. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The TerraForm Global, Inc. 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “Incentive Plan”) provides for the award of incentive and non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to employees and non-employee directors, including employees and non-employee directors of SunEdison and its affiliates. The maximum contractual term of an award is 10 years from the date of grant. Shares issued under the plan may be authorized and unissued shares or treasury shares. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had authorized 17,884,910 shares for awards under the Incentive Plan and 7,251,807 shares remained available for future grant under this plan.


170


Stock-based compensation expense is recorded as a component of general and administrative expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and totaled $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2015No stock-based compensation expense was recognized during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.
Employee benefit related costs, including stock-based compensation costs related to equity awards in the stock of SunEdison and its consolidated subsidiaries, of SunEdison employees who provide services to the Company are allocated to the Company based on the relative percentage of their time that the employee spends providing service to the Company. The amount of stock-based compensation expense related to equity awards in the stock of SunEdison and its consolidated subsidiaries which has been allocated to the Company was $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 and is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations within general and administrative - affiliate costs and has been treated as an equity contribution from SunEdison on the consolidated statements of stockholders' equity. Similarly, stock-based compensation costs related to equity awards to SunEdison employees in the Company’s stock are allocated to SunEdison based on the relative percentage of their time that the employee spends providing service to SunEdison. The amount of stock-based compensation expense related to equity awards in our stock which has been allocated to SunEdison was $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 and is recognized as a distribution to SunEdison on the consolidated statements of stockholders' equity with no impact to the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. There were no similar stock-based compensation related distributions to or contributions from SunEdison during the years ended December 31, 2014 or 2013.
Restricted Stock Awards
RSAs provide the holder with immediate voting rights, but are restricted in all other respects until vested. Upon a termination of employment for any reason, any unvested shares of Class A common stock held by the terminated participant will be forfeited. All unvested RSAs are paid dividends and distributions.
The following table presents information regarding outstanding RSAs as of December 31, 2015 and changes during the year then ended, after giving effect to the conversion of restricted Class C common stock to restricted Class A common stock on a 178.8491-for-one basis:
 
 
Number of RSAs Outstanding
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(in millions)
Balance at January 1, 2015
 
5,606,918

 
$
0.12

 
 
Granted
 
6,303,519

 
0.21

 
 
Forfeited
 
(4,135,883
)
 
0.15

 
 
Balance at December 31, 2015
 
7,774,554

 
$
0.18

 
$
43.5

As of December 31, 2015, $1.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to RSAs is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 3.3 years.
The weighted average fair value of RSAs on the date of grant was $0.21 and $0.12 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
On September 26, 2014 and March 31, 2015, the Company granted 31,350 and 35,245 shares of restricted Class C common stock, respectively (or 5,606,918 and 6,303,519 shares, respectively, of restricted Class A common stock after giving effect to conversion of restricted Class C common stock to restricted Class A common stock on an 178.8491-for-one basis immediately prior to the completion of the IPO). Subject to accelerated vesting upon certain events, 25.0% of the restricted Class A common stock will vest on the first through fourth anniversary of the date of the IPO. The fair value of each grant was determined by using the percentage of shares granted multiplied by the overall fair value of SunEdison’s equity in the Company. In estimating the fair value of the RSAs, the primary valuation considerations were an enterprise value determined from a discounted cash flow of income-based approach, using a present value of after-tax probability weighted equity cash flow of those power plants expected to be included in the IPO, in a projection period extending through December 2024 and a lack of marketability discount of 10.0% and 5.0% for the September 26, 2014 and March 31, 2015 grants, respectively. The discount model used the following assumptions: a time to liquidity event of seven months and three months; a discount rate of 13.0% and 12.0%; and volatility of 40.0% over the time to a liquidity event for the September 26, 2014 and March 31, 2015 grants, respectively. Estimates of the volatility of the Company’s Class A common stock were based on available information on the volatility of SunEdison and the common stock of comparable publicly traded companies.
The removal of our prior Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer on November 20, 2015 resulted in the forfeiture of 1,877,915 shares of restricted Class A common stock. The impact of these forfeitures on our stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2015 was not material.


171


Restricted Stock Units
RSUs will not entitle the holders to voting rights and holders of the RSUs will not have any right to receive dividends or distributions.
The following table presents information regarding outstanding RSUs as of December 31, 2015 and changes during the year then ended, after taking into effect to the conversion of restricted Class C common stock to restricted Class A common stock on a 178.8491-for-one basis:
 
 
Number of RSUs Outstanding
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(in millions)
 
Weighted Average 
Remaining
Contractual Life (In Years)
Balance at January 1, 2015
 
277,216

 
 
 
 
Granted
 
2,593,833

 
 
 
 
Converted
 
(12,500
)
 
 
 
 
Forfeited
 
(12,500
)
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2015
 
2,846,049

 
$
15.9

 
2.2
As of December 31, 2015, $10.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to RSUs is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 3.0 years.
The weighted average fair value of RSUs per share on the date of grant was $4.46 and $0.12 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
On December 22 and 23, 2015, the Company granted 2,024,800 Class A RSUs to certain employees and executive officers. These are time-based awards which will vest on the following schedule: 25% after one year, 25% after two years, and 50% after three years. The grant date fair value of these awards was $11.0 million, which will be recognized as compensation cost on a straight line basis over the three-year service period.
On September 26, 2014 and March 31, 2015, the Company granted 1,550 and 2,750 Class C RSUs, respectively (or 277,216 and 491,835 Class A RSUs, respectively, after giving effect to conversion of Class C RSUs to Class A RSUs on a 178.8491-for-one basis immediately prior to the completion of the IPO). Subject to accelerated vesting upon certain events, 25% of the Class A RSUs will vest on the first through fourth anniversaries of the date of the IPO.
15. LOSS PER SHARE
Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the number of weighted average Class A common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share is computed using the weighted average Class A common shares outstanding and, if dilutive, potential Class A common shares outstanding during the period. Potential Class A common shares represent the incremental Class A common shares issuable for RSUs and stock option exercises. The Company calculates the dilutive effect of outstanding RSUs and stock options on loss per share by application of the treasury stock method. The computations of basic and diluted loss per share does not include days or assumptions of shares outstanding prior to the IPO on August 5, 2015.


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Class A Common Stock
Basic and diluted loss per share for the year ended December 31, 2015 was calculated as follows:
 
 
Period from IPO (August 5, 2015) to December 31, 2015
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
 
Basic and diluted loss per share:
 
 
Net loss attributable to Class A common stockholders
 
$
(212,661
)
Less: dividends paid on Class A common stock and participating RSAs
 
(19,887
)
Undistributed loss attributable to Class A stockholders
 
(232,548
)

 
 
Weighted average shares outstanding
 
100,813

 
 
 
Distributed earnings per share
 
$
0.20

Undistributed loss per share
 
$
(2.31
)
Basic and diluted loss per share
 
$
(2.11
)
The computations for diluted loss per share for the year ended December 31, 2015 excludes approximately 61.3 million shares of Class B common stock, 7.8 million shares of unvested RSAs and 2.8 million of unvested RSUs because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
16. NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS
Non-controlling interests represent the portion of net assets in consolidated entities that are not owned by the Company. The following table presents the non-controlling interest balances by entity, reported in stockholders’ equity in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015:
(in thousands)
 
As of December 31, 2015
SunEdison’s non-controlling interests in Global LLC
 
$
375,540

Non-controlling interests in power plants
 
105,128

Total non-controlling interests
 
$
480,668


17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Operating Leases
The Company has operating leases for land, buildings, and equipment. The following table summarizes our total future commitments under operating leases as of December 31, 2015.
Contractual Cash Obligations (in thousands)
 
Rent
2016
 
$
1,339

2017
 
1,385

2018
 
1,334

2019
 
1,293

2020
 
1,337

Thereafter
 
40,611

Total
 
$
47,299

Total rental expense was $1.1 million, $0.2 million and $0.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Commitments under operating leases in years after 2020 largely represent commitments for Salvador and Bahia wind power plants in Brazil.


173


Commitments to Acquire Power Plants
The Company has paid $231.0 million to acquire power plants with a combined nameplate capacity of 425 MW from SunEdison during 2016. See Note 5 - Deposits for Acquisitions.
In April 2015, the Company entered into purchase and sale agreements to acquire controlling interests in three operating power plants located in South Africa with an aggregate net capacity of 32.6 MW from BioTherm. The aggregate consideration for these three power plants is approximately $74.5 million. See Note 3 - Acquisitions for additional discussion of these commitments.
In April 2015, the Company entered into a share purchase agreement to acquire a 100% ownership interest in the Alto Cielo solar power plant located in Uruguay with an aggregate net capacity of 26.4 MW from Solarpack Corporación Tecnológica, S.L. The Company completed the acquisition of the Alto Cielo solar power plant on April 8, 2016. The aggregate cash consideration that was paid for this acquisition is $32.3 million, of which $1.9 million is held in escrow until certain conditions are met. See Note 3 - Acquisitions for additional discussion of these commitments.
Legal Proceedings Initiated Against the Company
Project Litigation
GUVNL Litigation
The Company is subject to litigation with Gujarat Urja Vikas Nigam Limited (“GUVNL”), the offtake counterparty for certain power plants in India, which is seeking a reduction of the tariff set forth in the applicable PPAs. In separate litigation, GUVNL also claims that there has been a violation of the terms of certain PPAs between GUVNL and the applicable project companies on account of a change in stockholders since execution of such PPAs, and as such GUVNL is entitled to terminate such PPAs. The Company successfully defended each case at the first court level and an appeal of each case was dismissed by the appellate level, but GUVNL has appealed to the Supreme Court of India on each matter. The cases are currently pending with the Supreme Court of India. The Company believes that the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome is remote.
Honiton Litigation
The Company was subject to pending litigation proceedings with Suzlon Energy (Tianjin) Limited (“SETL”) with respect to alleged breaches of a turbine supply contract relating to the Honiton wind power plants in China. The operation and maintenance service contracts claim pending before an arbitral tribunal was resolved on December 3, 2015, pursuant to which the Company was required to pay an award of approximately $0.5 million, which was paid in January 2016. On June 3, 2016, SETL and the Company reached a settlement resolving all remaining disputes relating to the turbine contracts. The terms of this final settlement resulted in SETL assigning all rights as a creditor it held against the Company to Beijing Aliyun Investment and Consulting Co. Ltd. (“Aliyun”). In addition, the Company agreed to pay Aliyun $7.1 million (RMB 47.0 million), of which RMB 45.0 million was paid during the second quarter of 2016, and the remaining RMB 2.0 million is due no later than July 2018, subject to various conditions set forth in the settlement agreement. In accordance with the settlement agreement, SETL withdrew its pending claims against the Company. As of December 31, 2015, a liability was recognized related to the proceedings in the amount of $8.4 million (RMB 54.4 million).



174


Bankruptcy Court Action
Motion to Stay and Motion to Compel Mediation
On November 2, 2016, the unsecured creditors’ committee in the SunEdison Bankruptcy filed an adversary complaint against the Company and others with the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York. The complaint and contemporaneous motion to stay seek to stay pending litigation against current and former directors and officers of SunEdison, including TerraForm Global Inc. v. SunEdison, Inc., et al., the Company’s action against SunEdison described below. The unsecured creditors’ committee intends to file a derivative action on behalf of the SunEdison bankruptcy estate against current and former SunEdison officers and directors. It has requested the stay in order to preserve the proceeds of SunEdison’s directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies. On November 4, 2016, the unsecured creditors’ committee filed a motion in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case for derivative standing to sue various current and former SunEdison officers and directors. The unsecured creditors’ committee filed an amended adversary complaint on November 9, 2016. As described in a motion to compel mediation filed by SunEdison on November 23, 2016, SunEdison and the unsecured creditors’ committee have agreed to hold the motion to stay and any proposed claims by the unsecured creditors’ committee against various current and former SunEdison officers and directors in abeyance pending a global mediation relating to insurance issues. The Company’s objection to the motion to stay and the motion to compel mediation was filed on December 1, 2016. Given the preliminary nature of the claims, the Company is unable to provide any assurances as to the ultimate outcome of these motions or that an adverse resolution of legal proceedings would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Avoidance Actions
On November 7, 2016, the unsecured creditors’ committee in the SunEdison Bankruptcy filed a motion with the bankruptcy court seeking standing to assert against the Company, on behalf of SunEdison, avoidance claims arising from intercompany transactions between the Company and SunEdison. The Company’s objection to the standing motion was filed on November 29, 2016. The Company expects to vigorously contest this standing motion and, if standing is granted, the underlying avoidance claims. Furthermore, the Company is currently engaged in settlement discussions with SunEdison and certain of SunEdison’s stakeholders to resolve, among other issues, intercompany claims and defenses between the Company and SunEdison. While these settlement discussions remain ongoing and there can be no guaranty that a settlement will be reached, the Company believes that a successful settlement could facilitate the Company’s exploration of strategic alternatives. Any settlement would be subject to the approval of the bankruptcy court in the SunEdison Bankruptcy. Given the preliminary nature of the claims, the Company is unable to provide any assurances as to the ultimate outcome of these claims or that an adverse resolution of a legal proceeding, if commenced, would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Renova Arbitration
On July 14, 2016, Renova Energia, S.A. (“Renova”) filed a request for arbitration against TerraForm Global, Inc., TerraForm Global, LLC, TerraForm Global Brazil Holding B.V. and TERP GLBL Brasil I Participacoes S.A. in the Center for Arbitration and Mediation of the Chamber of Commerce Brazil-Canada. Renova alleges, among other things, that TerraForm Global, Inc. and certain of its subsidiaries listed above: (i) fraudulently induced Renova to enter into the acquisition agreements related to the Salvador and Bahia wind power projects, the omnibus closing agreement with respect to such acquisitions, and the put/call arrangement entered into between SunEdison and Renova in connection with the Renova Transaction based on misleading and false representations about their and SunEdison’s financial condition and prospects; (ii) aided and abetted SunEdison’s fraud; (iii) negligently misrepresented their and SunEdison’s financial conditions and prospects; (iv) committed related violations of federal and state securities laws; (v) breached express warranties under the applicable acquisition agreements; (vi) wrongfully refused to repurchase from Renova seven million shares of TerraForm Global Class A common stock pursuant to Renova’s put exercise notice of March 31, 2016, in breach of the put/call arrangement entered into between SunEdison and Renova in connection with the Renova Transaction; and (vii) unjustly enriched themselves. Renova seeks, among other relief, rescission of the Salvador and Bahia transactions, and/or damages in an amount to be determined in the arbitration of not less than $250 million, representing the drop in value of the approximately 20 million shares of TerraForm Global Class A common stock Renova received in the Salvador transaction, from its $15/share IPO price to its current trading level of approximately $3.38/share at the time the request for arbitration was filed, as well as other related losses.  Given the preliminary nature of the arbitration, the Company is unable to provide any assurances as to the ultimate outcome of these proceedings or that an adverse resolution of the arbitration would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Securities Litigation


175


Multidistrict Litigation
On July 27, 2016, lead plaintiff Municipal Employees’ Retirement System of Michigan in the Horowitz et. al v. SunEdison, Inc. et al. action (E.D. Mo.) moved to transfer various actions pending in federal district courts to the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York ("SDNY") for consolidated or coordinated pretrial proceedings before the Multidistrict Litigation Panel. On October 4, 2016, the Multidistrict Litigation Panel issued an order transferring the following cases to the SDNY for consolidated or coordinated pretrial proceedings:
Fraser v. Wuebbels et al.
Iron Workers Mid-South Pension Fund v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al.
Badri v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al.
Patel v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al.
Pyramid Holdings, Inc. v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al.
Beltran v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al.
Oklahoma Firefighters Pension & Retirement System v. SunEdison, Inc. et al.
Glenview Capital Partners, L.P. et al. v. SunEdison, Inc. et al.
Omega Capital Investors et al. v. SunEdison, Inc. et al.

Four of these actions, Fraser v. Wuebbels et al., Iron Workers Mid-South Pension Fund v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al., Badri v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al., and Patel v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al., were initially filed in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of San Mateo on October 23, 2015, December 3, 2015, December 9, 2015 and January 4, 2016, respectively. These four separate purported class actions were filed against the Company, certain of its officers and directors, each of the underwriters of the Company’s IPO, and SunEdison. A separate class action, Agrawal v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al., was filed in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of San Mateo on October 30, 2015. This action was voluntarily dismissed without prejudice in February 2016. Additionally, two separate purported class action lawsuits, Beltran v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al. and Pyramid Holdings, Inc. v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al., were filed on October 29, 2015 and November 5, 2015, respectively, in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California against the same defendants. The class action plaintiffs assert claims under Sections 11, 12(a)(2), and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The class action complaints allege, among other things, that the defendants made false and materially misleading statements and failed to disclose material information in the Registration Statement for the IPO regarding SunEdison and its recent operating results and business strategy. Among other relief, the class action complaints seek class certification, unspecified compensatory damages, rescission, attorneys’ fees, costs, and such other relief as the court should deem just and proper. On April 26, 2016, in light of SunEdison’s voluntary petition for bankruptcy on April 21, 2016, the Company and the other defendants removed the remaining state actions to the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. On May 27, 2016, the plaintiffs in the cases removed from state court filed motions to remand. On June 1, 2016, the defendants filed motions to transfer the cases to the SDNY, the jurisdiction in which SunEdison’s bankruptcy is pending. The previous briefing schedule has been vacated as a result of the October 4, 2016 transfer order issued by the Multidistrict Litigation Panel. On November 3, 2016, Plaintiff in Patel v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al. voluntarily dismissed the case. On December 20, 2016, Plaintiff in Beltran v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al. voluntarily dismissed the case. The Company is in the preliminary stages of reviewing the allegations made in the remaining complaints and, as a result, is unable to provide any assurances as to the ultimate outcome of these lawsuits or that an adverse resolution of these lawsuits would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
On March 29, 2016, plaintiff filed Oklahoma Firefighters Pension & Retirement System v. SunEdison, Inc. et al., in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of San Mateo against the Company, SunEdison, certain officers and directors of the Company and SunEdison, and the underwriters of the Company’s IPO. The plaintiff asserts claims under Sections 11, 12(a)(2), and 15 of the Securities Act. The complaint alleges, among other things, that the defendants made false and materially misleading statements and failed to disclose material information in the Registration Statement for the IPO regarding SunEdison and its recent operating results and business strategy. The complaint seeks compensatory damages, rescission, and such other relief (including equitable or injunctive relief) as the court may deem just and proper. On April 26, 2016, in light of SunEdison’s voluntary petition for bankruptcy on April 21, 2016, the Company and the other defendants removed the action to the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. On May 27, 2016, the plaintiffs moved to remand. On June 1, 2016, the defendants moved to transfer the case to the SDNY, the jurisdiction in which SunEdison’s bankruptcy is pending. The previous briefing schedule has been vacated as a result of the October 4, 2016 transfer order issued by the Multidistrict Litigation Panel. The Company is in the preliminary stages of reviewing the allegations made in the complaint and, as a result, is unable to provide any assurances as to the ultimate outcome of this lawsuit or that an adverse resolution of this lawsuit would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.


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On March 29, 2016, plaintiffs filed Glenview Capital Partners, L.P. et al. v. SunEdison, Inc. et al., in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of San Mateo against the Company, SunEdison, certain officers and directors of the Company and SunEdison, and the underwriters of the Company’s August 5, 2015 bond offering and SunEdison’s August 18, 2015 preferred stock offering. The plaintiffs assert claims under Sections 11, 12(a)(2), and 15 of the Securities Act, as well as the Maryland Securities Act. The plaintiffs allege, among other things, that they purchased securities pursuant to offering documents that contained untrue statements of material fact and omitted other material facts necessary to make the statements in the offering documents not misleading. The complaint further alleges that these false and misleading statements led to the forced conversion of the plaintiffs’ Class D securities into restricted common stock, that the Company breached the June 9, 2015 Class D Purchase Agreement between the Company and the plaintiffs, and that the defendants made negligent misrepresentations in connection with the Company’s Class D Registration Statement. The complaint seeks unspecified damages, rescission, and such other relief (including equitable or injunctive relief) as the court may deem just and proper. On April 26, 2016, in light of SunEdison’s voluntary petition for bankruptcy on April 21, 2016, the Company and the other defendants removed the action to the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. On May 26, 2016, the plaintiffs filed a motion to remand. On May 27, 2016, the defendants moved to transfer the case to the SDNY, the jurisdiction in which SunEdison’s bankruptcy is pending. The Court held a hearing on the motion to remand and the motion to transfer on August 18, 2016. On August 26, 2016, the Court issued an order denying the plaintiffs’ motion to remand and granting the defendants’ motion to transfer. The Court also certified a legal issue for interlocutory review, and on September 2, 2016, the plaintiffs filed a petition for permission to appeal with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. On November 17, 2016, the Ninth Circuit issued an order requiring all parties to file statements addressing the effect of the Multidistrict Litigation Panel’s transfer order on the motion for permission to appeal. The Company is in the preliminary stages of reviewing the allegations made in the complaint and, as a result, is unable to provide any assurances as to the ultimate outcome of this lawsuit or that an adverse resolution of this lawsuit would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
On March 30, 2016, plaintiffs filed Omega Capital Investors et al. v. SunEdison, Inc. et al., in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of San Mateo against the Company, SunEdison, certain officers and directors of the Company and SunEdison, and the underwriters of SunEdison’s preferred stock offering. The plaintiffs assert claims under Sections 11, 12(a)(2), and 15 of the Securities Act, as well as the Maryland Securities Act. The plaintiffs allege, among other things, that the defendants made false and misleading statements in connection with the Company’s IPO, and that these false and misleading statements led to the forced conversion of their Class D securities into restricted common stock. The complaint further alleges that the Company breached the June 9, 2015 Class D Purchase Agreement between the Company and the plaintiffs and made negligent misrepresentations in connection with the Company’s Class D Registration Statement. The complaint seeks unspecified damages, rescission, and such other relief (including equitable or injunctive relief) as the court may deem just and proper. On April 26, 2016, in light of SunEdison’s voluntary petition for bankruptcy on April 21, 2016, the Company and the other defendants removed the action to the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. On May 26, 2016, the plaintiffs filed a motion to remand. On June 1, 2016, the defendants moved to transfer the case to the SDNY, the jurisdiction in which SunEdison’s bankruptcy is pending. The Court held a hearing on the motion to remand and the motion to transfer on August 18, 2016. On August 26, 2016, the Court issued an order denying the plaintiffs’ motion to remand and granting the defendants’ motion to transfer. The Court also certified a legal issue for interlocutory review, and on September 2, 2016, the plaintiffs filed a petition for permission to appeal with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. On November 17, 2016, the Ninth Circuit issued an order requiring all parties to file statements addressing the effect of the Multidistrict Litigation Panel’s transfer order on the motion for permission to appeal. The Company is in the preliminary stages of reviewing the allegations made in the complaint and, as a result, is unable to provide any assurances as to the ultimate outcome of this lawsuit or that an adverse resolution of this lawsuit would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Conditional Transfer Cases
On October 5, 2016, the Multidistrict Litigation Panel issued conditional transfer orders in three cases, Kingdon Associates et al. v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al., VMT II LLC v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al., and Canyon Capital Advisors LLC et al. v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al., which are currently pending in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California.
On July 14, 2016, plaintiffs filed Kingdon Associates et al. v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al. in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of San Mateo against the Company, TerraForm Global, LLC, certain officers and directors of the Company and SunEdison, and the underwriters of the Company’s IPO. The plaintiffs assert claims under Sections 11, 12(a)(2), and 15 of the Securities Act, as well as state law claims for breach of contract, negligent misrepresentation, and violation of Maryland securities laws. The plaintiffs allege, among other things, that the defendants made false and materially misleading statements and failed to disclose material information in the Registration Statement for the IPO regarding SunEdison and its


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recent operating results and business strategy and that these false and misleading statements led to the forced conversion of their Class D securities into restricted common stock. The complaint further alleges that the Company breached the June 9, 2015 Class D Purchase Agreement between the Company and the plaintiffs and made negligent misrepresentations in connection with the Company’s Class D Registration Statement. The complaint seeks compensatory damages, rescission, and such other relief (including equitable or injunctive relief) as the court may deem just and proper. On September 26, 2016, in light of SunEdison’s voluntary petition for bankruptcy on April 21, 2016, the Company and the other defendants removed the action to the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. Plaintiffs did not oppose the Multidistrict Litigation Panel's conditional transfer order. The Company is in the preliminary stages of reviewing the allegations made in the complaint and, as a result, is unable to provide any assurances as to the ultimate outcome of this lawsuit or that an adverse resolution of this lawsuit would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
On August 8, 2016, plaintiffs filed Canyon Capital Advisors LLC et al. v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al. in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of San Mateo against the Company, certain officers and directors of the Company and SunEdison, and the underwriters of the Company’s IPO and SunEdison’s August 18, 2015 preferred stock offering. The plaintiffs assert claims under Sections 11, 12(a)(2), and 15 of the Securities Act, as well as the California Corporate Securities Law. The plaintiffs allege, among other things, that they purchased securities pursuant to offering documents that contained untrue statements of material fact and omitted other material facts necessary to make the statements in the offering documents not misleading. The complaint seeks unspecified damages, rescission, and such other relief (including equitable or injunctive relief) as the court may deem just and proper. On September 8, 2016, in light of SunEdison’s voluntary petition for bankruptcy on April 21, 2016, the Company and the other defendants removed the action to the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. On September 26, 2016, plaintiffs filed a motion to remand. On October 6, 2016, plaintiffs filed an amended motion to remand. On October 20, 2016, defendants filed their opposition to that motion, and on November 2, 2016, plaintiffs filed their reply. On October 19, 2016, defendants filed a motion to stay the case until a final transfer determination is made by the Multidistrict Litigation Panel. On November 2, 2016, plaintiffs filed an opposition to the motion to stay. The Court held a hearing on the motion to remand and the motion to stay on November 10, 2016. On October 26, 2016, plaintiffs filed a motion to vacate the conditional transfer order. On November 16, 2016, defendants filed an opposition to the motion to vacate. On November 17, 2016, the parties filed a stipulation withdrawing the motions to stay and vacate, which the court entered. The Company is in the preliminary stages of reviewing the allegations made in the complaint and, as a result, is unable to provide any assurances as to the ultimate outcome of this lawsuit or that an adverse resolution of this lawsuit would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
On September 16, 2016, plaintiff filed VMT II LLC v. TerraForm Global, Inc. et al. in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of San Mateo against the Company, certain officers and directors of the Company and SunEdison, and the underwriters of SunEdison’s preferred stock offering. The plaintiff asserts claims under Sections 11, 12(a)(2), and 15 of the Securities Act, as well as the Maryland Securities Act. The plaintiff alleges, among other things, that the defendants made false and misleading statements in connection with the Company’s IPO, and that these false and misleading statements led to the forced conversion of their Class D securities into restricted common stock. The complaint further alleges that the Company breached the June 9, 2015 Class D Purchase Agreement between the Company and the plaintiffs and made negligent misrepresentations in connection with the Company’s Class D Registration Statement. The complaint seeks unspecified damages, rescission, and such other relief (including equitable or injunctive relief) as the court may deem just and proper. On September 28, 2016, in light of SunEdison’s voluntary petition for bankruptcy on April 21, 2016, the Company and the other defendants removed the action to the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. Plaintiffs did not oppose the Multidistrict Litigation Panel's conditional transfer order. The Company is in the preliminary stages of reviewing the allegations made in the complaint and, as a result, is unable to provide any assurances as to the ultimate outcome of this lawsuit or that an adverse resolution of this lawsuit would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
On December 19, 2016, an initial case management conference was held in the multidistrict litigation proceedings in the SDNY. The Court entered an order requiring all parties to the multidistrict litigation, including the parties to the conditional transfer cases, to mediate and entered a partial stay of all proceedings through March 31, 2017.
Derivative Claim
Aldridge v. Blackmore et al.
On April 12, 2016, a verified stockholder derivative complaint on behalf of the Company was filed against four directors of the Company in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware. The lawsuit alleges that the directors breached their fiduciary duties by authorizing the Company’s $231.0 million payment to SunEdison for the 425 MW India Projects. The


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complaint seeks unspecified compensatory damages and such other relief that the court may deem just and equitable. The Company filed its answer to the complaint on June 30, 2016. On July 6, 2016, the Company served its responses to the plaintiff’s discovery requests. The parties are currently engaging in discovery. The Company is in the preliminary stages of reviewing the allegations made in the complaint and, as a result, is unable to provide any assurances as to the ultimate outcome of this lawsuit or that an adverse resolution of this lawsuit would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Retaliation Claims
Francisco Perez Gundin Claim
On May 18, 2016, the Company’s former director, Francisco Perez Gundin, filed a complaint against the Company, TerraForm Power, Inc., and certain individuals, with the United States Department of Labor. The complaint alleges that the defendants engaged in a retaliatory termination of Mr. Gundin’s employment after he allegedly voiced concerns to SunEdison’s board of directors about public representations made by SunEdison officers regarding SunEdison’s liquidity position, and after he allegedly voiced his opposition to transactions that he alleges were self-interested and which he alleges SunEdison forced on the Company. He alleges that the Company participated in SunEdison’s retaliatory termination by constructively terminating his position as a member of the board of directors of the Company in connection with SunEdison’s constructive termination of his employment. He seeks lost wages, bonuses, benefits, and other money that he alleges that he would have received if he had not been subjected to the allegedly retaliatory termination.
The matter will now be adjudicated in an administrative proceeding before the Occupational Safety and Health Administration agency of the United States Department of Labor. On October 17, 2016, the Company filed its Position Statement, which seeks dismissal of the matter in full, in response to the Complaint. Mr. Gundin has not yet filed a response.
The Company is in the preliminary stages of reviewing the allegations made in the complaint and intends to contest them. As a result, the Company is unable to predict with certainty the ultimate resolution of this proceeding.
Carlos Domenech Zornoza Claim
On May 10, 2016, the Company’s former director and Chief Executive Officer, Carlos Domenech Zornoza, filed a complaint against the Company, TerraForm Power, Inc., and certain individuals, with the United States Department of Labor. The complaint alleges that the defendants engaged in a retaliatory termination of Mr. Domenech Zornoza’s employment on November 20, 2015 after he allegedly voiced concerns to SunEdison’s board of directors about public representations made by SunEdison officers regarding SunEdison’s liquidity position, and after he allegedly voiced his opposition to transactions that he alleges were self-interested and which he alleges SunEdison forced on the Company. He alleges that the Company participated in SunEdison’s retaliatory termination by terminating his position as Chief Executive Officer of the Company in connection with SunEdison’s termination of his employment. He seeks lost wages, bonuses, benefits, and other money that he alleges that he would have received if he had not been subjected to the allegedly retaliatory termination.
The matter will now be adjudicated in an administrative proceeding before the Occupational Safety and Health Administration agency of the United States Department of Labor. On October 17, 2016, the Company filed its Position Statement, which seeks dismissal of the matter in full, in response to the Complaint. Mr. Domenech Zornoza has not yet filed a response.
The Company is in the preliminary stages of reviewing the allegations made in the complaint and intends to contest them. As a result, the Company is unable to predict with certainty the ultimate resolution of this proceeding.
United States Securities and Exchange Commission Investigation
On April 21, 2016, the Company received a subpoena for documents and information in connection with an investigation by the Enforcement Division of the staff of the SEC captioned “In the Matter of SunEdison, Inc. (HO-12908).” The Company is cooperating with the investigation, and the outcome or resolution of this matter cannot be predicted at this time.
Legal Proceeding Initiated by the Company
TerraForm Global, Inc. v. SunEdison, Inc., et al.
On April 3, 2016, the Company filed a verified complaint against SunEdison, SunEdison Holdings Corporation (collectively with SunEdison, the “SunEdison Defendants”), Ahmad Chatila, Martin Truong and Brian Wuebbels in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware. The complaint asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duty, breach of contract and unjust


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enrichment relating to the failure by the SunEdison Defendants to transfer the equity interests in the 425 MW India Projects for which the Company paid $231.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2015. The complaint seeks various forms of relief, including a constructive trust upon the equity interests of SunEdison in the 425 MW India Projects, money damages from the defendants, restoration of the $231.0 million to the Company and such other relief as the court may deem just and proper. The claims against the SunEdison Defendants have been stayed as a result of the SunEdison Bankruptcy. The individual defendants filed an answer to the complaint on June 30, 2016.
As previously described, the Third Party Sale Transaction is being conducted in connection with SunEdison’s bankruptcy process and includes the 425 MW India portfolio. The Company has agreed not to pursue claims against a third party buyer, however the Company has retained all of its claims against SunEdison and its affiliated persons.
On September 25, 2016, the Company filed its initial proof of claim in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case, and file an amended proof of claim on October 7, 2016. As set forth in the proofs of claim, the Company believes it has unsecured claims against SunEdison that it estimates are in excess of $2.0 billion. These claims include, without limitation, claims for damages relating to breach of SunEdison's obligations under the sponsorship arrangement between the Company and SunEdison and other agreements; contribution and indemnification claims arising from litigation; claims relating to SunEdison’s breach of fiduciary, agency and other duties; and claims for interference with and the disruption of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries, including the loss of business opportunities, loss of business records, failure to provide timely audited financials, and the increased cost of financing and commercial arrangements. Many of these claims are contingent, unliquidated and/or disputed by SunEdison and other parties in interest in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case, and the estimated amounts of these claims may change substantially as circumstances develop and damages are determined. In addition, recoveries on unsecured claims in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case are expected to be significantly impaired.
Other Matters
From time to time, the Company is a party to legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of its business. Although the Company cannot predict with certainty the ultimate resolution of such proceedings or other claims asserted against us, except as otherwise described above, the Company does not believe that any other currently pending legal proceeding to which the Company is a party will have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations.

18. RELATED PARTIES
SunEdison Bankruptcy
On April 21, 2016, SunEdison and certain of its domestic and international subsidiaries voluntarily filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (the “SunEdison Bankruptcy”). The Company is not a part of the SunEdison Bankruptcy and does not rely substantially on SunEdison for funding or liquidity. The Company continues to participate actively in the SunEdison Bankruptcy proceedings, and the SunEdison Bankruptcy will continue to have a negative impact on the Company given our complex relationship with SunEdison.
During the SunEdison Bankruptcy, SunEdison has not performed substantially as obligated under its agreements with us, including under the Sponsorship Arrangement put in place at the time of the Company’s IPO and certain O&M and asset management arrangements. The Company believes that the Sponsorship Arrangement comprises a single integrated transaction. The agreements comprising the Sponsorship Arrangement are set forth in separate documents and discussed individually in this annual report. However, the elements of the Sponsorship Arrangement are closely related and a default under one element may be a defense to, or excuse performance under, another element. SunEdison and its various stakeholders have expressed disagreement with this view of the Sponsorship Arrangements and can be expected to contest any such assertion in connection with the SunEdison Bankruptcy.
The Company is currently engaged in settlement discussions with SunEdison to resolve, among other issues, intercompany claims and defenses. While these settlement discussions remain ongoing and there can be no guaranty that a settlement will be reached, the Company believes that a successful settlement could facilitate the Company’s exploration of strategic alternatives. Any settlement would be subject to the approval of the bankruptcy court in the SunEdison Bankruptcy.
Our relationship with SunEdison, the ongoing SunEdison Bankruptcy, the delay of this Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, our delayed Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2016 and the conditions in the capital markets for our corporate level debt and equity securities have increased uncertainty and heightened some of the risks we face. Other aspects of the markets relevant to our business have remained relatively stable, including the expected performance of our power plants, long-term offtake agreements, and the credit quality of our offtakers. We have adjusted our plans and priorities in light of these developments according to our comprehensive contingency plan. While we


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remain focused on executing our near term objectives, we will continue to monitor market developments and consider further adjustments to our plans and priorities if required.

On September 25, 2016, the Company filed its initial proof of claim in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case, and filed an amended proof of claim on October 7, 2016. Refer to Note 1. Nature of Operations for discussion regarding initial proof of claim and settlement discussions between the Company and SunEdison.
Management Services Agreement
Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO on August 5, 2015, the Company entered into a Management Services Agreement (the “MSA”) with SunEdison. Prior to the IPO and MSA execution, amounts were allocated from SunEdison for general corporate overhead costs attributable to the operations of the Company. The general corporate overhead expenses incurred by SunEdison include costs from certain corporate and shared services functions provided by SunEdison and are reflected in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations as general and administrative expense - affiliate. The amounts reflected include (i) charges that were incurred by SunEdison that were specifically identified as being attributable to the Company and (ii) an allocation of applicable remaining general corporate overhead costs based on the proportional level of effort attributable to the operation of the Company’s power plants. These costs include legal, accounting, tax, treasury, information technology, insurance, employee benefit costs, communications, human resources, and procurement. Corporate costs that were specifically identifiable to a particular operation of SunEdison have been allocated to that operation, including the Company. Where specific identification of charges to a particular operation of SunEdison was not practicable, an allocation was applied to all remaining general corporate overhead costs. The allocation methodology for all remaining corporate overhead costs is based on management’s estimate of the proportional level of effort devoted by corporate resources that is attributable to each of the Company’s operations. The cost allocations have been determined on a basis considered to be a reasonable reflection of all costs of doing business by the Company. The amounts that would have been or will be incurred on a stand-alone basis could differ from the amounts allocated due to economies of scale, management judgment, or other factors.
General and administrative expenses - affiliate represent costs incurred by SunEdison for services provided to the Company pursuant to the MSA. As noted above, the agreements comprising the Sponsor Arrangement, including the MSA, are discussed individually in this report.    
Subsequent to the IPO and pursuant to the MSA, SunEdison agreed to provide or arrange for other service providers to provide management and administrative services including legal, accounting, tax, treasury, project finance, information technology, insurance, employee benefit costs, communications, human resources, and procurement to the Company. As consideration for the services provided, the Company will pay SunEdison a base management fee as follows: (i) no fee for 2015, (ii) 2.5% of the Company’s cash available for distribution in 2016, 2017 and 2018, and (iii) an amount equal to SunEdison’s or other service provider’s actual cost in 2019 and thereafter. All costs under the MSA are reflected in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations as general and administrative expense - affiliate, and the difference between actual costs and the fee paid pursuant to the MSA will be treated as an equity contribution from SunEdison. No fees were paid or due to SunEdison under the MSA for the year ended December 31, 2015. As part of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, SunEdison could seek to reject the MSA or may be limited in its ability to perform under this agreement by the bankruptcy court or by the terms of the SunEdison bankruptcy financing. If SunEdison rejects, or seeks to substantially renegotiate the MSA due to the SunEdison Bankruptcy, the Company may bear these actual costs in future periods.
Included in general and administrative expense - affiliate are costs incurred under the MSA and corporate allocations of $20.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 and corporate allocations of $10.9 million and $4.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. General and administrative expense - affiliate represents costs incurred by SunEdison for services provided to the Company pursuant to the MSA subsequent to the IPO and allocated to the Company in corporate allocations prior to the IPO.
Project Investment Agreement
Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO on August 5, 2015, and pursuant to the Project Investment Agreement (the "Project Investment Agreement") between SunEdison and the Company, SunEdison agreed to contribute to the Company certain projects, without further payment, once each project reached commercial operation. These projects include the 17.4 MW Del Litoral and 57.4 MW El Naranjal solar power projects in Uruguay (the “Uruguay Projects”) the 24.1 MW Bora Bora Poly wind power project located in India, and the 17.8 MW NPS Star and 17.8 MW WXA solar power projects in Thailand. The NPS Star and WXA solar power plants reached commercial operation in December 2015 and were transferred by SunEdison to the Company in the first quarter of 2016.


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On March 23, 2016, SunEdison and the Company entered into an amendment to the Project Investment Agreement which extended the contribution deadline for SunEdison to contribute the remaining projects pursuant to the Project Investment Agreement to July 31, 2016. As part of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, the construction on the projects was materially delayed and/or abandoned due to the lack of funding by SunEdison. There were material amounts of project costs and equity contributions for the Uruguay Projects that remained to be contributed by SunEdison in order to complete construction of these projects and disbursement of the project finance debt facilities. Additionally, SunEdison experienced delays in completing construction of the Bora Bora Poly wind power project in India, and the transfer of the project required project lender consent, which was not obtained. In light of the SunEdison Bankruptcy, we will not obtain these projects under the Project Investment Agreement and we will not obtain any substitute projects from SunEdison.
As discussed in Note 1. Nature of Operations, on September 25, 2016, the Company filed its initial proof of claim in the SunEdison Bankruptcy case, which was amended on October 7, 2016. This proof of claim asserted claims based on, among other things, SunEdison's breach of the Sponsorship Arrangement between the Company and SunEdison which included the Project Investment Agreement.
Interest Payment Agreement
Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO on August 5, 2015, Global LLC and Global Operating LLC entered into an interest payment agreement (the “Interest Payment Agreement”) with SunEdison and Holdings, pursuant to which SunEdison agreed to pay an aggregate amount equal to all of the scheduled interest of up to $81.2 million on Global Operating LLC’s Senior Notes until December 31, 2016 and up to an aggregate amount of $40.0 million in 2017, $30.0 million in 2018, $20.0 million in 2019 and $10.0 million in 2020, plus any interest due on any payment not remitted when due. SunEdison’s interest support payments due to the Company have been reduced by $2.9 million as a result of the $49.6 million of the Senior Notes that were extinguished under the open market repurchase program that began in December 2015 and continued through January 2016. SunEdison will not be obligated to pay any amounts due under the Senior Notes in connection with an acceleration of the payment of the principal amount of such indebtedness.
Upon expiration of the Distribution Forbearance Period (as described below), Global LLC will be entitled to set off any amounts owing by SunEdison pursuant to the Interest Payment Agreement against any and all amounts owed by Global LLC to SunEdison under the distribution provisions of the Global LLC Operating Agreement, and Global LLC may pay such amounts to Global Operating LLC. For the year ended December 31, 2015, SunEdison was not required to contribute capital to fund interest on the Senior Notes or credit facility payments.
The Interest Payment Agreement terminates upon payment by SunEdison of all amounts owing thereunder. It may, however, be terminated prior to that by mutual written agreement of SunEdison and Global Operating LLC and will automatically terminate upon the repayment in full of the outstanding principal amount of the Senior Notes or a change of control of the Company, Global LLC or Global Operating LLC. The agreement may also be terminated at the election of SunEdison, Global LLC or Global Operating LLC if any of them experiences bankruptcy or insolvency. Any decision by Global LLC or Global Operating LLC to terminate the Interest Payment Agreement must have the prior approval of the Conflicts Committee.
On July 29, 2016, the Company received a notice from SunEdison purporting to terminate the Interest Payment Agreement. The notice alleges that SunEdison's bankruptcy permits termination as of right without following the bankruptcy procedures for rejection of executory contracts. Although we do not expect SunEdison to perform under the Interest Payment Agreement going forward, the Company is contesting the purported termination of the Interest Payment Agreement, believes that the termination notice is invalid, and is asserting a claim in the SunEdison Bankruptcy for the full amount of damages resulting from SunEdison’s breach of the Interest Payment Agreement.
Equity Interest Purchase and Sale Agreement for 425 MW India Projects
See Note 5 - Deposits for Acquisitions for information regarding the 425 MW India Projects.
Operation and Maintenance (“O&M”) and Asset Management Services
Operation and maintenance services, as well as asset management services, are provided to the Company by affiliates of SunEdison pursuant to contractual agreements. Costs incurred for these services were $6.4 million, $2.3 million and $1.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively and are reported as cost of operations-affiliates in the consolidated statements of operations.


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Engineering, Procurement and Construction Contracts and Module Warranties
SunEdison served as the prime construction contractor for most of our power plants acquired from SunEdison pursuant to engineering, procurement and construction contracts with our project companies. These contracts are generally fixed price, turn-key construction contracts that include workmanship and other warranties with respect to the design and construction of the power plants that survive for a period of time after the completion of construction. These contracts or related contracts (including O&M agreements) also often include production or availability guarantees with respect to the output or availability of the power plant that survive completion of construction. Moreover, we also generally obtained solar module warranties from SunEdison, including workmanship warranties and output guarantees, for those solar power plants that we acquired from SunEdison that utilized SunEdison modules. The SunEdison Bankruptcy will likely reduce or eliminate our potential recoveries on claims under these agreements and warranties.
Due to/from SunEdison, net
Certain of the Company’s expenses and capital expenditures related to construction in process are paid by affiliates of SunEdison and are reimbursed by the Company to the same or other affiliates of SunEdison. As of December 31, 2015 SunEdison and affiliates owed the Company $10.1 million, net and at December 31, 2014, the Company owed SunEdison and affiliates $47.3 million, net. These amounts are reported as Due to or Due from SunEdison, net in the consolidated balance sheets.
Depending on the nature of the activity, amounts are either reflected in operating activities or as a non-cash addition to power plants included in Due to/from SunEdison, net. Additionally, SunEdison provided contributions to the Company in the form of stockholder loans. Related amounts have been recognized as additional paid-in capital as there is no expectation for the Company to repay SunEdison for the contributions. These contributions totaled $119.0 million and $20.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
Incentive Distribution Rights
Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO on August 5, 2015, Global LLC entered into the Fourth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of Global LLC, which granted SunEdison 100.0% of the incentive distribution rights (“IDRs”) of Global LLC. IDRs represent the right to receive increasing percentages (15.0%, 25.0% and 50.0%) of Global LLC’s quarterly distributions after the Class A units, Class B units and Class B1 units of Global LLC have received quarterly distributions in an amount equal to $0.275 per unit (the “Minimum Quarterly Distribution”), and the target distribution levels have been achieved. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, SunEdison held 100.0% of the IDRs. SunEdison has pledged the IDRs as collateral under its DIP financing and its first and second lien credit facilities and second lien secured notes. SunEdison has granted the Company a right of first refusal with respect to any proposed sale of IDRs to a third party (other than its controlled affiliates), which the Company may exercise to purchase the IDRs proposed to be sold on the same terms offered to such third party at any time within 30 days after it receives written notice of the proposed sale and its terms.
Initial IDR Structure
If for any quarter:
Global LLC has made cash distributions to the holders of its Class A units, Class B1 units and, subject to the Distribution Forbearance Period and the Subordination Period (as described below) provisions, Class B units in an amount equal to the Minimum Quarterly Distribution; and
Global LLC has distributed cash to the holders of its Class A units and Class B1 units in an amount necessary to eliminate any arrearages in payment of the Minimum Quarterly Distribution;
then, subject to the Distribution Forbearance Period provisions, Global LLC will make additional cash distributions for that quarter to holders of its Class A units, Class B units, Class B1 units and the IDRs in the following manner:
first, to all holders of Class A units, Class B1 units and Class B units, pro rata, until each holder receives a total of $0.3163 per unit for that quarter (the “First Target Distribution”) (115.0% of the Minimum Quarterly Distribution);
second, 85.0% to all holders of Class A units, Class B1 units and Class B units, pro rata, and 15.0% to the holders of the IDRs, until each holder of Class A units, Class B1 units and Class B units receives a total of $0.3438 per unit for that quarter (the “Second Target Distribution”) (125.0% of the Minimum Quarterly Distribution);
third, 75.0% to all holders of Class A units, Class B1 units and Class B units, pro rata, and 25.0% to the holders of the IDRs, until each holder of Class A units, Class B1 units and Class B units receives a total of $0.4125 per unit for that quarter (the “Third Target Distribution”) (150.0% of the Minimum Quarterly Distribution); and


183


thereafter, 50.0% to all holders of Class A units, Class B1 units and Class B units, pro rata, and 50.0% to the holders of the IDRs.
There were no payments for IDRs made by the Company during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. As of December 31, 2015, there were no Class B1 units of Global LLC outstanding.
Distributions
The Global LLC Operating Agreement restricts distributions to holders of Class B units during the Distribution Forbearance Period and the Subordination Period.
Distribution Forbearance
During the Distribution Forbearance Period, the Global LLC Operating Agreement limits distributions of cash in respect of a specific quarter to Class B units as follows:
the Class B units will not, under any circumstances, be entitled to receive any distributions through the end of 2016 (i.e., distributions declared on or prior to March 31, 2017); and
thereafter, until the end of the Distribution Forbearance Period, the Class B units will not be entitled to receive any distributions to the extent the holders of Class A units and Class B1 units have not received distributions in an amount equal to the Minimum Quarterly Distribution plus any arrearages in the payment of Minimum Quarterly Distributions from prior quarters.
The Distribution Forbearance Period began on the completion of the IPO and ends on the later of March 31, 2017 or the date that the Completed CAFD Amount (as defined in the Global LLC Operating Agreement), which approximates the sum of cash available for distribution to shareholders from contributed construction projects and completed acquisition projects from the Company’s IPO portfolio, exceeds the CAFD Forbearance Threshold (as defined in the Global LLC Operating Agreement), which equals $72.1 million. Any distributions forgone by the holders of Class B units pursuant to the provisions in the Global LLC Operating Agreement relating to the limitations on distributions on the Class B units during the Distribution Forbearance Period will not be distributed to holders of other classes of units and will not constitute an arrearage on the Class B units.
Subordination Period
The Global LLC Operating Agreement provides that, during the Subordination Period, the Class A units and Class B1 units (if any) will have the right to receive quarterly distributions in an amount equal to $0.275 per unit, which amount is defined as the “Minimum Quarterly Distribution,” plus any arrearages in the payment of the Minimum Quarterly Distribution on the Class A units and Class B1 units from prior quarters, before any distributions may be made on the Class B units. The Class B units are deemed “subordinated” because for a period of time, referred to as the “Subordination Period,” the Class B units will not be entitled to receive any distributions from Global LLC until the Class A units and Class B1 units have received the Minimum Quarterly Distribution plus any arrearages in the payment of the Minimum Quarterly Distribution from prior quarters. Furthermore, no arrearages will be paid on the Class B units. The practical effect of the subordinated Class B units is to increase the likelihood that during the Subordination Period there will be sufficient cash available for distributions to shareholders to pay the Minimum Quarterly Distribution on the Class A units and Class B1 units. The subordination of the Class B units is in addition to the provisions in the Global LLC Operating Agreement relating to the limitations on distributions on the Class B units during the Distribution Forbearance Period described above.
The Subordination Period began on the completion of the IPO and continues until each of the following tests regarding distributions of cash available for distribution to shareholders and Minimum Quarterly Distributions are met, which will be a minimum three-year period ending no earlier than the beginning of the period for which a distribution is paid for the first quarter of 2018:
distributions of cash available for distribution to shareholders on each of the outstanding Class A units, Class B units and Class B1 units of Global LLC equaled or exceeded $1.1000 per unit (the annualized Minimum Quarterly Distribution) for each of the three consecutive, non-overlapping, four-quarter periods immediately preceding that date;
the cash available for distribution to shareholders generated during each of the three consecutive, non-overlapping, four-quarter periods immediately preceding that date equaled or exceeded the sum of $1.1000 per unit (the annualized Minimum Quarterly Distribution) on all of the outstanding Class A units, Class B units and Class B1 units of Global LLC during those periods on a fully diluted basis; and
there are no arrearages in payment of the Minimum Quarterly Distribution on the Class A units or Class B1 units of Global LLC.


184


The Subordination Period may terminate early if each of the following tests is met:
distributions of cash available for distribution to shareholders on each of the outstanding Class A units, Class B units and Class B1 units of Global LLC equaled or exceeded $1.65 per unit (150.0% of the annualized Minimum Quarterly Distribution) for the four-quarter period immediately preceding that date;
the cash available for distribution to shareholders generated during the four-quarter period immediately preceding that date equaled or exceeded the sum of (i) $1.65 per unit (150.0% of the annualized Minimum Quarterly Distribution) on all of the outstanding Class A units, Class B units and Class B1 units of Global LLC during such four quarters on a fully diluted basis, and (ii) the corresponding distributions on the IDRs during such four quarters; and
there are no arrearages in payment of the Minimum Quarterly Distributions on the Class A units or Class B1 units of Global LLC.
Distributions during the Subordination Period
If Global LLC makes a distribution of cash in respect of any specific quarter ending before the end of the Subordination Period, the Global LLC Operating Agreement requires that it make the distribution in the following manner:
first, to the holders of Class A units and Class B1 units, pro rata, until Global LLC distributes for each Class A unit and Class B1 unit an amount equal to the Minimum Quarterly Distribution for that quarter and any arrearages in payment of the Minimum Quarterly Distribution on such units for any prior quarters;
second, subject to the provisions in the Global LLC Operating Agreement relating to the limitations on distributions on the Class B units during the Distribution Forbearance Period, to the holders of Class B units, pro rata, until Global LLC distributes for each Class B unit an amount equal to the Minimum Quarterly Distribution for that quarter; and
thereafter, in the manner described above under Incentive Distribution Rights.
Compulsorily Convertible Debentures
As of December 31, 2015, the Company has INR 650.0 million ($9.8 million) and INR 112.1 million ($1.7 million) unsecured compulsorily convertible debentures (“CCDs”) denominated in Indian rupees issued and outstanding to SunEdison and a third party, respectively. The CCDs have a combined translated USD value of $11.5 million as of December 31, 2015. The CCDs convert to equity shares at an agreed upon price ranging from not less than 73 to 224 Indian rupees per equity share on the date that is 19 - 20 years, as applicable, from the date of allotment of the CCDs or, at any time prior to such date, upon notice by the holder of the CCDs. CCDs totaled $7.6 million as of December 31, 2014 and were included as part of Invested Equity under the Predecessor basis of accounting in the consolidated balance sheet.
Support Agreement
Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO on August 5, 2015, Global LLC entered into a project support agreement with SunEdison (the “Support Agreement”). Pursuant to the Support Agreement, SunEdison granted the Company call rights with respect to projects identified therein by SunEdison (“Call Right Projects”) that had an aggregate net nameplate capacity of 1.6 GW (or reasonably equivalent projects), and SunEdison was contractually required to offer Global LLC additional qualifying projects through the fifth anniversary of the completion of the IPO that were projected to generate an aggregate of at least $1.4 billion of cash available for distribution during their respective first twelve months of commercial operation. At the time of the IPO, SunEdison had pending agreements with third-party developers to acquire clean energy projects that had an aggregate capacity of 4.2 GW, which were expected to be added to the call rights list under the Support Agreement. In addition, the Support Agreement granted Global LLC a right of first offer with respect to any clean energy projects (other than Call Right Projects) (“ROFO Projects”) that SunEdison elected to sell or otherwise transfer during the six-year period following the completion of the IPO and that were located in the Company’s initial target markets and other emerging markets that the parties mutually agreed upon.
Following the SunEdison Bankruptcy, SunEdison breached the Support Agreement and we will not acquire any of the Call Right Projects or ROFO Projects. On September 25, 2016, we announced that as a result of SunEdison’s breach under the Support Agreement and other agreements constituting the Sponsorship Arrangement, the Company filed claims against SunEdison in excess of $2 billion. The claims include, without limitation, claims for damages relating to breach of SunEdison's obligations under the Sponsorship Arrangement and other agreements; contribution and indemnification claims arising from litigation; claims relating to SunEdison’s breach of fiduciary, agency and other duties; and claims for interference with and the disruption of the business of Global and its subsidiaries, including the loss of business opportunities, loss of business records, failure to provide timely audited financials, and the increased cost of financing and commercial arrangements. Many of these


185


claims are contingent or unliquidated; estimated amounts may change substantially as circumstances develop and damages are determined. Although SunEdison has not formally rejected the Sponsorship Arrangement, it has breached its obligations thereunder and the Company has additional claims for rejection damages.

19. SEGMENT REPORTING
The Company has two reportable segments: Solar Energy and Wind Energy. These segments include the Company’s entire portfolio of power plants and are determined based on the “management” approach. This approach designates the internal reporting used by management for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of the reportable segments. Corporate expenses include general and administrative expenses, acquisition costs, formation and offering related fees and expenses, interest expense on corporate indebtedness and stock-based compensation.
The following table reflects summarized financial information concerning the Company’s reportable segments for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:
 
 
Year ended December 31,
(In thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
Operating revenue, net:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wind Energy
 
$
31,197

 
$

 
$

Solar Energy
 
92,919

 
39,449

 
22,196

Consolidated
 
$
124,116

 
$
39,449

 
$
22,196

Depreciation, accretion and amortization:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wind Energy
 
$
11,973

 
$

 
$

Solar Energy
 
16,796

 
7,167

 
4,785

Consolidated
 
$
28,769

 
$
7,167

 
$
4,785

Other operating costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wind Energy
 
$
10,779

 
$

 
$

Solar Energy
 
13,132

 
4,256

 
1,666

Corporate
 
295,070

 
12,199

 
5,837

Consolidated
 
$
318,981

 
$
16,455

 
$
7,503

Interest expense, net:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wind Energy
 
$
943

 
$

 
$

Solar Energy
 
39,098

 
24,294

 
11,812

Corporate
 
67,607

 

 

Consolidated
 
$
107,648

 
$
24,294

 
$
11,812

Other non-operating expense (income):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wind Energy
 
$
429

 
$

 
$

Solar Energy
 
24,177

 
(5,128
)
 
2,024

Corporate
 
10,263

 

 

Consolidated
 
$
34,869

 
$
(5,128
)
 
$
2,024

Income tax expense (benefit):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wind Energy
 
$

 
$

 
$

Solar Energy
 

 

 

Corporate
 
4,858

 
1,700

 
(1,651
)
Consolidated
 
$
4,858

 
$
1,700

 
$
(1,651
)
Net (loss) income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wind Energy
 
$
7,073

 
$

 
$

Solar Energy
 
(284
)
 
8,860

 
1,909

Corporate
 
(377,798
)
 
(13,899
)
 
(4,186
)
Consolidated
 
$
(371,009
)
 
$
(5,039
)
 
$
(2,277
)


186


Operating Revenues, net
The following table reflects operating revenues, net for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 by specific customers exceeding 10% of total operating revenue:
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
(In thousands, except for percentages)
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Amount
 
Percentage
Eskom Holdings SOC Limited
 
$
44,006

 
35%
 
$
7,152

 
18%
 
**
 
**
Camara de Comercializacao de Energia Eletrica
 
18,910

 
15%
 
**
 
**
 
**
 
**
Gujarat Urja Vikas Nigam Limited
 
17,593

 
14%
 
4,535

 
11%
 
$
4,419

 
20%
Inner Mongolia Power (group) Co., LTD.
 
12,298

 
10%
 
**
 
**
 
**
 
**
NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam Limited
 
**
 
**
 
9,657

 
24%
 
10,187

 
46%
Malaysia Airports (Sepang) Sdn Bhd
 
**
 
**
 
5,034

 
13%
 
**
 
**
** These customers did not exceed 10% of total operating revenue for the period indicated.
The following table reflects operating revenues, net for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 by geographic location:
 
 
Year ended December 31,
(In thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
Brazil
 
$
18,910

 
$

 
$

China
 
16,960

 
2,423

 
929

India
 
34,099

 
19,767

 
20,382

Malaysia
 
8,187

 
8,882

 
885

South Africa
 
44,006

 
7,152

 

Thailand
 
1,954

 
1,225

 

Consolidated
 
$
124,116

 
$
39,449

 
$
22,196

Total Assets
The following table reflects reportable segment assets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014:
 
 
As of December 31,
(In thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
Wind Energy
 
$
375,683

 
$

Solar Energy
 
736,359

 
673,456

Corporate (1)
 
1,547,008

 

Consolidated
 
$
2,659,050

 
$
673,456

(1)
Corporate assets primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, intercompany accounts receivable, other current assets and other assets.
Capital Expenditures
The following table reflects reportable segment capital expenditures as of December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013:
 
 
As of December 31,
(In thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
Wind Energy
 
$
397

 
$

 
$

Solar Energy
 
93,856

 
190,267

 
60,312

Corporate
 

 

 

Consolidated
 
$
94,253

 
$
190,267

 
$
60,312



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Long-lived Assets, Net
Long-lived assets consist of power plants, net and intangible assets, net, all of which are attributable to the Company’s two reportable segments. The following table is a summary of long-lived assets by geographic area:
 
 
As of December 31,
(In thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
Brazil
 
$
467,990

 
$

China
 
166,295

 
25,465

India
 
211,561

 
186,782

Malaysia
 
35,902

 
45,328

South Africa
 
258,634

 
121,285

Thailand
 
7,968

 
6,959

Other
 

 
260

Total long-lived assets, net

$
1,148,350


$
386,079

Current assets
 
1,216,127

 
234,666

Other non-current assets
 
294,573


52,711

Total assets
 
$
2,659,050

 
$
673,456




188


20. OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Comprehensive income (loss) represents a measure of all changes in equity that result from recognized transactions and other economic events other than transactions with owners in their capacity as owners. Other comprehensive income (loss) includes foreign currency translations and gains (losses) on hedging instruments.
The following table presents the changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss:
(In thousands)
 
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments
 
Hedging Activities
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2013
 
$
(8,213
)
 
$
2,762

 
$
(5,451
)
Other comprehensive loss
 
(8,167
)
 
(12,903
)
 
(21,070
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
 

 

 

Other comprehensive loss
 
(8,167
)
 
(12,903
)
 
(21,070
)
Less: other comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interests
 

 

 

Balance, December 31, 2014
 
$
(16,380
)
 
$
(10,141
)
 
$
(26,521
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
 
(9,634
)
 
15,149

 
5,515

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
 

 

 

Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
(9,634
)
 
15,149

 
5,515

Less: other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to non-controlling interests
 
(13,123
)
 
3,370

 
(9,753
)
Balance, December 31, 2015
 
$
(12,891
)
 
$
1,638

 
$
(11,253
)
The following table presents the changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss and the related tax effects for the year ended December 31, 2015:
(In thousands)
 
Before Tax
 
Tax Effect
 
Net of Tax
Foreign currency translation adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive loss arising during the period
 
$
(9,634
)
 
$
271

 
$
(9,363
)
Hedging activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive gain arising during the period
 
15,149

 
(1,402
)
 
13,747

Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
$
5,515

 
$
(1,131
)
 
$
4,384

Less: other comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustments
 
(13,123
)
 
133

 
(12,990
)
Unrealized gain on hedging instruments
 
3,370

 
(944
)
 
2,426

Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
$
(9,753
)
 
$
(811
)
 
$
(10,564
)
Less: predecessor other comprehensive income prior to initial public offering on August 5, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
(4,100
)
Other comprehensive income attributable to TerraForm Global, Inc. Class A stockholders
 
 
 
 
 
$
19,048




189


21. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)
Quarterly results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2015 were as follows:
 
 
Quarter Ended
(in thousands, except per share data)
 
March 31, 2015
 
June 30, 2015
 
September 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2015
Operating revenues, net
 
$
17,806

 
$
25,681

 
$
29,373

 
$
51,256

Operating (loss) income
 
6,296

 
(2,241
)
 
(4,360
)
 
(223,329
)
Interest expense, net
 
16,821

 
28,186

 
39,580

 
23,061

Net loss
 
(11,225
)
 
(22,679
)
 
(82,909
)
 
(254,196
)
Net loss attributable to TerraForm Global, Inc. Class A common stockholders subsequent to initial public offering
 
N/A

 
N/A

 
(48,073
)
 
(164,588
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
(6,851
)
 
(6,485
)
 
(28,936
)
 
47,787

Weighted average Class A common shares outstanding - basic and diluted
 
N/A

 
N/A

 
100,985

 
100,813

Net loss per weighted average Class A common share - basic and diluted
 
N/A

 
N/A

 
$
(0.48
)
 
$
(1.63
)
Quarterly results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2014 were as follows:
 
 
Quarter Ended
(in thousands, except per share data)
 
March 31, 2014
 
June 30, 2014
 
September 30, 2014
 
December 31, 2014
Operating revenues, net
 
$
8,826

 
$
9,278

 
$
7,446

 
$
13,899

Operating income
 
1,495

 
2,334

 
3,146

 
8,852

Interest expense, net
 
3,610

 
4,336

 
5,699

 
10,649

Net loss
 
$
(1,204
)
 
$
(597
)
 
$
(1,539
)
 
$
(1,699
)



190


22. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Nasdaq Compliance
On March 31, 2016, we received a notification letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications. The notification letter stated that because the Company had not yet filed its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company was no longer in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1), which requires timely filing of periodic reports with the SEC.
On May 17, 2016, we received an additional notification letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications. The notification letter stated that because the Company had not yet filed its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016, and because it remained delinquent in filing its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 the Company was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1).
On May 27, 2016, in compliance with the deadline specified in the notification letters, the Company submitted a plan to Nasdaq as to how it planned to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements.
On June 10, 2016, the Company received a letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications granting the Company an exception of 180 calendar days from the due date of the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, or until September 26, 2016, to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements.

On August 16, 2016, we received an additional notification letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications. The notification letter stated that because the Company had not yet filed its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016, the Company was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1).

On September 9, 2016, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq stating that due to the Company’s ongoing non-compliance with Nasdaq’s listing requirements, the Company would be delisted from The Nasdaq Global Select Market at the opening of business on September 20, 2016 unless the Company requested a hearing on the determination by September 16, 2016. On September 9, 2016, the Company requested a hearing and also requested a stay of the delisting, pending the hearing. On September 15, 2016, we received a letter from Nasdaq granting our request to extend the stay of delisting until the hearings panel makes a decision after the hearing scheduled for November 3, 2016. On September 9, 2016, the Company requested a hearing and also requested a stay of the delisting, pending the hearing. On September 15, 2016, we received a letter from Nasdaq granting our request to extend the stay of delisting until the hearings panel made a decision after the hearing scheduled for November 3, 2016. At the hearing on November 3, 2016, the Company requested from Nasdaq an extension until March 27, 2017 to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements with respect to its delayed Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and its delayed Forms 10-Q for the periods ended March 31 and June 30, 2016.

On November 15, 2016, the Company received a notification letter from a Hearings Advisor from the Nasdaq Office of General Counsel informing the Company that the hearings panel granted the Company’s request for an extension until March 27, 2017 with respect to these delayed filings. The hearings panel granted the Company the maximum possible extension until the expiration of the hearings panel’s discretion to allow continued listing while the Company remains out of compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements. The hearings panel reserved the right to reconsider the terms of the extension and the Nasdaq Listing and Hearing Review Council may determine to review the decision should an event occur that calls into question the Company's ability to regain compliance by March 27, 2017.

In addition, on November 15, 2016, the Company received an additional notification letter from a Director of Nasdaq Listing Qualifications. The notification letter stated that because the Company has not yet filed its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016, and because it remains delinquent in filing its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and its Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31 and June 30, 2016, the Company is not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1). Based on discussions with the hearings panel’s staff, the extension until March 27, 2017 granted by the hearings panel also covers the non-compliance by the Company with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1) caused by the failure of the Company to timely file its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016.


191


Delayed Filing of Form 10-Q
We have not yet filed our Forms 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, June 30 or September 30, 2016, respectively. On May 17, August 10 and November 10, 2016, we filed a Form 12b-25, Notification of Late Filing, with the SEC regarding our delayed Forms 10-Q for these respective quarters, in each case principally due to the need to complete all steps and tasks necessary to finalize our financial statements and other disclosures required to be in the filing.
Acquisitions
See Note 3 - Acquisitions for a description of the subsequent consolidation of acquisitions (FERSA), subsequent acquisitions (NPS Star, WXA, Alto Cielo and transfers of additional equity in power plants in India), subsequent pending acquisitions (BioTherm), incomplete project transfers (Del Litoral, El Naranjal and Bora Bora Poly), incomplete dropdowns (425MW India Projects), and subsequent acquisition terminations (LAP, GME, Renova - ESPRA).
Long-Term Debt
See Note 9 - Long-Term Debt for a description of the Event of Default of SunEdison as it relates to Long-Term Debt. Also in that section is a description of the Extinguishment of Debt during the first, second, and third quarters of 2016.
Stockholders' Equity
As stated in Note 13 - Stockholders' Equity, on February 29, 2016, the Company declared a quarterly dividend for the fourth quarter of 2015 on the Company’s Class A common stock of $0.275 per share, or $1.10 per share on an annualized basis. The dividend was paid on March 17, 2016 to stockholders of record as of March 10, 2016.
Related Parties
See Note 18 - Related Parties for a description of the SunEdison bankruptcy and a description of its potential impact on Global.
EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit
 
 
Number
 
Description
3.1
 
Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of TerraForm Global, Inc., dated as of August 5, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).
3.2
 
Amended and Restated Bylaws of TerraForm Global, Inc., dated as of August 5, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).
4.1
 
Fourth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of TerraForm Global, LLC, dated as of August 5, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).
4.2
 
First Amendment to the Fourth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of TerraForm Global, LLC, dated as of November 13, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 13, 2015).
4.3
 
Second Amendment to the Fourth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of TerraForm Global, LLC, dated as of June 1, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 2, 2016).
4.4
 
Indenture, dated as of August 5, 2015, by and among TerraForm Global Operating, LLC, TerraForm Global, LLC and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).
4.5
 
Form of 9.75% Senior Notes due 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).
4.6
 
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 2, 2016, among TerraForm Global Operating, LLC, as issuer, the Guarantors party thereto and I.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 2, 2016).
10.1
 
Management Services Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2015, by and among TerraForm Global, Inc. TerraForm Global, LLC, TerraForm Global Operating, LLC and SunEdison, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).


192


10.2
 
Repowering Services Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2015, by and among TerraForm Global, Inc., TerraForm Global, LLC, TerraForm Global Operating, LLC and SunEdison, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).
10.3
 
Exchange Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2015, by and among TerraForm Global, Inc., TerraForm Global, LLC and SunEdison, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).
10.4
 
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2015, by and between TerraForm Global, Inc. and SunEdison, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).
10.5
 
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2015, by and between TerraForm Global, Inc. and the investors named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).
10.6
 
Project Investment Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2015, by and between TerraForm Global, Inc. and SunEdison, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).
10.7
 
First Amendment to the Project Investment Agreement, dated as of March 23, 2016, by and between TerraForm Global, Inc. and SunEdison, Inc.
10.8
 
Support Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2015, by and between SunEdison, Inc. and TerraForm Global, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).
10.9
 
Interest Payment Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2015, by and among TerraForm Global, LLC, TerraForm Global Operating, LLC, SunEdison Holdings Corporation and SunEdison, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).
10.10
 
Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2015, by and among TerraForm Global Operating, LLC, TerraForm Global, LLC, Goldman Sachs Bank USA, as administrative agent, collateral agent, join lead arranger and joint bookrunner, Goldman Sachs Bank USA, Barclays Bank PLC, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners and Barclays Bank PLC and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as co-syndication agents (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2015).
10.11
 
First Amendment to Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of March 30, 2016, by and among TerraForm Global Operating, LLC, the other credit parties party thereto, Goldman Sachs Bank USA, as a lender and as administrative agent and the other lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 10, 2016).
10.12
 
Second Amendment to Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of April 29, 2016, by and among TerraForm Global Operating, LLC, the other credit parties party thereto, Goldman Sachs Bank USA, as a lender and as administrative agent and the other lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 10, 2016).
10.13
 
Third Amendment to Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of May 6, 2016, by and among TerraForm Global Operating, LLC, the other credit parties party thereto, Goldman Sachs Bank USA, as a lender and as administrative agent and the other lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 10, 2016).
10.14
 
Fourth Amendment to Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of September 13, 2016, by and among TerraForm Global Operating, LLC, the other credit parties party thereto, Goldman Sachs Bank USA, as a lender and as administrative agent and the other lenders party thereto.
10.15*
 
Omnibus Closing Agreement, dated as of September 18, 2015, by and among TerraForm Global, LLC, TerraForm Global, Inc., SunEdison, Inc., TerraForm Global Brazil Holdings B.V., TERP GLBL Brasil I Participações, S.A. and Renova Energia, S.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 28, 2015).
10.17
 
Amended and Restated Equity Interest Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2015, by and between SunEdison Holdings Corporation and TerraForm Global, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 7, 2015).
21.1
 
List of Subsidiaries of TerraForm Global, Inc.
31.1
 
Certification by the Interim Chief Executive Officer of TerraForm Global, Inc. pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2
 
Certification by the Chief Financial Officer of TerraForm Global, Inc. pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32
 
Certification by the Interim Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of TerraForm Global, Inc. pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.


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101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
——————
* Schedules to this agreement have been omitted in accordance with Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. A copy of any omitted schedule will be furnished supplementally to the Securities and Exchange Commission staff upon request.
This information is furnished and not filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.



194


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TERRAFORM GLOBAL, INC.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ PETER BLACKMORE
Date:
December 20, 2016
 
 
 
Name:
Peter Blackmore
 
 
 
 
 
Title:
Chairman of the Board and Interim Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature
 
Title
 
Date
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ PETER BLACKMORE
 
Chairman and Interim Chief Executive Officer
 
December 20, 2016
Peter Blackmore
 
(Principal executive officer)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ REBECCA J. CRANNA
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 
December 20, 2016
Rebecca J. Cranna
 
(Principal financial officer and principal accounting officer)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ HANIF "WALLY" DAHYA
 
Director
 
December 20, 2016
Hanif “Wally” Dahya
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ CHRISTOPHER COMPTON
 
Director
 
December 20, 2016
Christopher Compton
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ JOHN F. STARK
 
Director
 
December 20, 2016
John F. Stark
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ DAVID RINGHOFER
 
Director
 
December 20, 2016
David Ringhofer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ GREGORY SCALLEN
 
Director
 
December 20, 2016
Gregory Scallen
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ DAVID SPRINGER
 
Director
 
December 20, 2016
David Springer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ MARK LERDAL
 
Director
 
December 20, 2016
Mark Lerdal
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ FRED BOYLE
 
Director
 
December 20, 2016
Fred Boyle
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



195