Exhibit 4.1

HUGHES SATELLITE SYSTEMS CORPORATION

5.250% SENIOR SECURED NOTES DUE 2026

SECURED INDENTURE

Dated as of July 27, 2016

U.S. Bank National Association

TRUSTEE

and

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

COLLATERAL AGENT

CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE

N/A means Not Applicable.

Note:  This Cross-Reference Table shall not, for any purposes, be deemed to be part of this Secured Indenture.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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SECURED INDENTURE, dated as of July 27, 2016, among Hughes Satellite Systems Corporation, a Colorado corporation (the “Company”), the Guarantors (as hereinafter defined), U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”), and the Collateral Agent (as hereinafter defined).

The Company, the Guarantors, the Trustee and the Collateral Agent agree as follows for the benefit of each other and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Company’s 5.250% Senior Secured Notes due 2026.

RECITALS

The Company and the Guarantors have duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Secured Indenture to provide for the issuance of the Secured Notes and the Guarantees.

All things necessary (i) to make the Secured Notes, when executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered hereunder and duly issued by the Company and delivered hereunder, the valid obligations of the Company, (ii) to make the Guarantees when executed by the Guarantors and delivered hereunder the valid obligations of the Guarantors, and (iii) to make this Secured Indenture a valid agreement of the Company and the Guarantors, all in accordance with their respective terms, have been done.

For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Secured Notes by the Holders thereof, it is mutually agreed as follows for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Secured Notes.

Any reference to “Secured Notes” shall be deemed to include the “Secured Exchange Notes”, any references to “Unsecured Notes” shall be deemed to include the “Unsecured Exchange Notes” (as defined in the indenture, dated as of July 27, 2016, among the Company, the Guarantors, the Trustee and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as collateral agent, relating to the Secured Notes), and any “Secured Exchange Notes” and “Unsecured Exchange Notes” shall be deemed to have been issued on the Issue Date for all purposes under this Secured Indenture..

ARTICLE 1

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

SECTION 1.01                                 Definitions.

“2011 Notes” means the 2011 Secured Notes and the 2011 Unsecured Notes.

“2011 Notes Indentures” means the 2011 Secured Notes Indenture and the 2011 Unsecured Notes Indenture.

“2011 Secured Notes” means the $1,100,000,000 aggregate principal original issue amount of 6 ½% Senior Secured Notes due 2019 of the Company.

“2011 Secured Notes Indenture” means the indenture, dated as of June 1, 2011, among the Company, the guarantors party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as trustee and Collateral Agent, as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, with respect to the 2011 Secured Notes.

“2011 Transactions” means the Acquisition, the repayment of certain existing indebtedness of Hughes Communications, Inc. and its subsidiaries in connection with the Acquisition, the offering of the 2011 Notes and other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement.

“2011 Unsecured Notes” means the $900,000,000 aggregate principal original issue amount of 7 5/8% Senior Notes due 2021 of the Company.

“2011 Unsecured Notes Indenture” means the indenture, dated as of June 1, 2011, among the Company, the guarantors party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as trustee, as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, with respect to the 2011 Unsecured Notes.

“144A Global Secured Note” means one or more Global Secured Notes substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto bearing the Global Secured Note Legend and the Private Placement Legend and deposited with or on behalf of, and registered in the name of, the Depositary or its nominee, which, in the aggregate, are initially equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Secured Notes initially sold by the Company in reliance on Rule 144A.

“Accounts Receivable Subsidiary” means one Unrestricted Subsidiary specifically designated as an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary for the purpose of financing the Company’s accounts receivable; provided that any such designation shall not be deemed to prohibit the Company from financing accounts receivable through any other entity, including, without limitation, any other Unrestricted Subsidiary.

“Accounts Receivable Subsidiary Notes” means the notes to be issued by the Accounts Receivable Subsidiary for the purchase of accounts receivable.

“Acquired Debt” means, with respect to any specified Person, Indebtedness of any other Person existing at the time such other Person merges with or into or becomes a Subsidiary of such specified Person, or Indebtedness incurred by such specified Person in connection with the acquisition of assets, including Indebtedness incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such other Person merging with or into or becoming a Subsidiary of such specified Person or the acquisition of such assets, as the case may be.

“Acquisition” means the acquisition by the Company, through Broadband Acquisition Corporation, a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, of all of the outstanding capital stock of Hughes Communications, Inc., a Delaware corporation, pursuant to the Merger Agreement.

“Additional Secured Notes” means additional notes as may be issued from time to time under this Secured Indenture, subject to the limitations set forth under (x) Section 4.09 of this Secured Indenture without regard to clause (b)(1) of Section 4.09 of this Secured Indenture and (y) clause (c) of the definition of “Permitted Liens.”

“Additional Secured Obligations” means Pari Passu Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor permitted to be incurred under Section 4.09 of this Secured Indenture and “Permitted Liens” and designated in writing by the Company as Indebtedness to be secured on a pari passu basis by a Lien granted to the Collateral Agent on the Collateral which is permitted by this Secured Indenture; provided that the Authorized Representative (as such term is defined in the Security Documents) of such Additional Secured Obligation executes a joinder agreement to the Security Documents in the form attached thereto agreeing to be bound thereby.  For the avoidance of doubt, the 2011 Secured Notes shall not constitute Additional Secured Obligations.

“Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person.  For purposes of this definition, “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”), as used with respect to any Person, shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise; provided, however, that no individual, other than a director of Parent or the Company or an officer of Parent or the Company with a policy making function, shall be deemed an Affiliate of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries solely by reason of such individual’s employment, position or responsibilities by or with respect to Parent, the Company or any of their respective Subsidiaries.

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“Agent” means any Registrar, Paying Agent or co-registrar.

“Applicable Procedures” means, with respect to any transfer or exchange of or for beneficial interests in any Global Secured Note, the rules and procedures of the Depositary that apply to such transfer or exchange.

“Asset Sale” means:

(1)                                 the sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition, whether in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, of property or assets (including by way of a sale and leaseback) of the Company, a Guarantor or any Restricted Subsidiary (each referred to in this definition as a “disposition”), or

(2)                                 the issuance or sale of Equity Interests of any Restricted Subsidiary (other than directors’ qualifying shares or shares required by applicable law to be held by a Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary), whether in a single transaction or a series of related transactions (other than preferred stock of Restricted Subsidiaries issued in compliance with Section 4.09 of this Secured Indenture),

in each case in clause (1) and (2), other than:

(a)                                 a disposition of Cash Equivalents or obsolete, damaged or worn out equipment or the sale or lease of equipment, inventory or accounts receivable in the ordinary course of business and dispositions of property no longer used or useful in the conduct of the business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries;

(b)                                 dispositions to the Company or any Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary;

(c)                                  the disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company in a manner permitted pursuant to the provisions described above under Section 5.01 of this Secured Indenture or any disposition that constitutes a Change of Control pursuant to this Secured Indenture;

(d)                                 the making of any Restricted Payment or Permitted Investment that is permitted to be made, and is made, under Section 4.07 of this Secured Indenture or the granting of a Lien permitted by Section 4.12 of this Secured Indenture;

(e)                                  any disposition of assets or issuance or sale of Equity Interests of any Restricted Subsidiary in any transaction or series of transactions with an aggregate fair market value of less than $25.0 million;

(f)                                   to the extent allowable under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, any exchange of like property (excluding any boot thereon) for use in a Permitted Business;

(g)                                  the lease, assignment or sublease of any real or personal property in the ordinary course of business;

(h)                                 licenses or sub-licenses of intellectual property in the ordinary course of business (other than exclusive licenses or sub-licenses or assignments of intellectual property that have a material adverse effect on the value of the Collateral or the ability of the Collateral Agent or the lenders to realize the benefits of, and intended to be afforded by, the Collateral);

(i)                                     any financing transaction with respect to property built or acquired by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary after the Issue Date, including, without limitation, sale leasebacks and asset securitizations permitted by this Secured Indenture;

(j)                                    any issuance or sale of Equity Interests in, or Indebtedness or other securities of, an Unrestricted Subsidiary, including in connection with any merger or consolidation;

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(k)                                 dispositions of accounts receivable in connection with the compromise, settlement or collection thereof in the ordinary course of business or in bankruptcy or similar proceedings;

(l)                                     any disposition of property or assets or the issuance of securities by a Restricted Subsidiary to the Company or by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary to a Restricted Subsidiary or the Company;

(m)                             an exchange of assets for assets (including a combination of assets and Cash Equivalents) related to a similar business of comparable or greater market value or usefulness to the business of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries as a whole, as determined in good faith by senior management or the Board of Directors;

(n)                                 any Destruction (determined without regard to the dollar limitations set forth in the definition thereof);

(o)                                 any sale of assets pursuant to the Equipment Financing Agreements;

(p)                                 any swap of owned or leased satellite transponder capacity for other satellite transponder capacity of comparable or greater value or usefulness to the business of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries as a whole, as determined in good faith by senior management or the Board of Directors;

(q)                                 any swap of assets in exchange for services in the ordinary course of business of comparable or greater value or usefulness to the business of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries as a whole, as determined in good faith by senior management or the Board of Directors;

(r)                                    sales or other dispositions of satellites for a consideration of comparable or greater value or usefulness to the business of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries as a whole, as determined in good faith by senior management or the Board of Directors, and sales or other dispositions of satellites in connection with the end of their life;

(s)                                   sales or other dispositions of rights to construct or launch satellites;

(t)                                    a disposition, including by way of lease, of any satellite capacity;

(u)                                 termination of hedging or similar arrangements; and

(v)                                 any disposition of property or assets the net proceeds from which are reinvested in any Permitted Investment.

“Asset Sale Proceeds Account” means one or more deposit accounts or securities accounts holding the proceeds of any sale or disposition of Collateral.

“Bankruptcy Law” means title 11, U.S. Code or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

“Board of Directors” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

“Broker-Dealer” has the meaning set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement.

“Business Day” means any day other than a Legal Holiday.

“Capital Lease Obligation” means, as to any Person, the obligations of such Person under a lease that are required to be classified and accounted for as capital lease obligations under GAAP and, for purposes of this definition, the amount of such obligations at the time any determination thereof is to be made shall be the amount of the

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liability in respect of a capital lease that would at such time be so required to be capitalized on a balance sheet in accordance with GAAP.

“Capital Stock” means any and all shares, interests, participations, rights or other equivalents, however designated, of corporate stock or partnership or membership interests, whether common or preferred.

“Cash Equivalents” means:  (a) United States dollars, pounds sterling, euros, national currency of any participating member state in the European Union or, in the case of any non-U.S. Subsidiary that is a Restricted Subsidiary, such local currencies held by it from time to time in the ordinary course of business; (b) securities issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the United States government or any country that is a member of the European Union or any agency or instrumentality thereof having maturities of not more than two years from the date of acquisition; (c) certificates of deposit and eurodollar time deposits with maturities of one year or less from the date of acquisition, bankers’ acceptances with maturities not exceeding one year and overnight bank deposits, in each case with any domestic commercial bank having capital and surplus in excess of $500 million; (d) repurchase obligations with a term of not more than 30 days for underlying securities of the types described in clauses (b) and (c) entered into with any financial institution meeting the qualifications specified in clause (c) above; (e) commercial paper rated P-2 or better, A-2 or better or the equivalent thereof by Moody’s or S&P, respectively, and in each case maturing within twelve months after the date of acquisition; (f) money market funds offered by any domestic commercial or investment bank having capital and surplus in excess of $500 million at least 95% of the assets of which constitute Cash Equivalents of the kinds described in clauses (a) through (e) of this definition; and (g) securities representing an interest or interests in AAA rated money market funds registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

“Change of Control” means any transaction or series of transactions the result of which is that any Person (other than the Principal or a Related Party) individually owns more than 50% of the total voting power of the then-ultimate parent company of the Company.

“Collateral” means all of the property and assets whether now owned or hereafter acquired, in each case, in which Liens are, from time to time, purported to be granted to secure the Obligations under the Secured Notes and the Guarantees pursuant to the Security Documents, other than Excluded Property.

“Collateral Agent” means, the Person (initially, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association), acting as Collateral Agent for the holders of Indebtedness secured by the Security Documents, until a successor replaces it and thereafter means the successor.

“Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Communications Act” means the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, and all relevant rules, regulations and published policies of the FCC.

“Consolidated Cash Flow” means, with respect to any Person for any period, the Consolidated Net Income of such Person for such period, plus, to the extent deducted in computing Consolidated Net Income:  (a) provision for taxes based on income, profits or capital, including state franchise and similar taxes and tax distributions made to holders of Capital Stock of such Person; (b) Consolidated Interest Expense; (c) depreciation and amortization (including amortization of goodwill and other intangibles) of such Person for such period; (d) the amount of any restructuring charges or expenses (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall include retention, severance, systems establishment costs or excess pension charges); (e) any extraordinary loss and any net loss realized in connection with any Asset Sale; and (f) Consolidated Non-cash Charges, in each case, on a consolidated basis determined in accordance with GAAP minus non-cash items increasing Consolidated Net Income for such period (excluding any items which represent the reversal of any accrual of, or cash reserve for, anticipated cash charges in any prior period and any items for which cash was received in any prior period); provided that Consolidated Cash Flow shall not include interest income derived from the net proceeds of the offering of the Secured Notes.

“Consolidated Interest Expense” means, with respect to any Person for any period, consolidated interest expense of such Person for such period, whether paid or accrued, including amortization of original issue discount

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and deferred financing costs, non-cash interest payments and the interest component of Capital Lease Obligations, on a consolidated basis determined in accordance with GAAP; provided, however, that with respect to the calculation of the consolidated interest expense of the Company, the interest expense of Unrestricted Subsidiaries shall be excluded.

“Consolidated Net Income” means, with respect to any Person for any period, the aggregate of the Net Income of such Person and its Subsidiaries or, if such Person is the Company, of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, on a consolidated basis, determined in accordance with GAAP; provided, however, that:  (a) the Net Income of any Person that is not a Subsidiary or that is accounted for by the equity method of accounting shall be included only to the extent of the amount of dividends or distributions paid in cash to the referent Person, in the case of a gain, or to the extent of any contributions or other payments by the referent Person, in the case of a loss; (b) the Net Income of any Person that is a Subsidiary that is not a Wholly Owned Subsidiary shall be included only to the extent of the amount of dividends or distributions paid in cash to the referent Person; (c) the Net Income of any Subsidiary of such Person shall be excluded to the extent that the declaration or payment of dividends or similar distributions is not at the time permitted by operation of the terms of its charter or bylaws or any other agreement, instrument, judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or government regulation to which it is subject; (d) the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles shall be excluded; (e) any net after-tax extraordinary or nonrecurring or unusual gains or losses (less all fees and expenses relating thereto), or income or expense or charge (including, without limitation, any severance, relocation or other restructuring costs, fees and expenses) and fees, expenses or charges related to any offering of equity interests of such Person, Investment, acquisition or Indebtedness permitted to be incurred by this Secured Indenture (in each case, whether or not successful), including any such fees, expenses or charges related to the 2011 Transactions, in each case, shall be excluded; (f) any increase in amortization or depreciation or any one-time non-cash charges resulting from purchase accounting in connection with the Acquisition and any acquisition that is consummated after June 1, 2011 shall be excluded; (g) any net after-tax income or loss from discontinued operations and any net after-tax gains or losses on disposal of discontinued operations shall be excluded; (h) any net after-tax gains or losses (less all fees and expenses or charges relating thereto) attributable to the early extinguishment of Indebtedness shall be excluded; (i) any non-cash impairment charge or asset write-off resulting from the application of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142 and 144, and the amortization of intangibles arising pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, shall be excluded; (j) any non-cash expenses realized or resulting from employee benefit plans or post-employment benefit plans, grants of stock appreciation or similar rights, stock options or other rights to officers, directors and employees of such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries shall be excluded; (k) any one-time non-cash compensation charges shall be excluded; (l) non-cash gains, losses, income and expenses resulting from fair value accounting required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133 and related interpretations shall be excluded; and (m) the effects of purchase accounting as a result of the Acquisition and any acquisition that is consummated after June 1, 2011 shall be excluded.

“Consolidated Net Tangible Assets” means, with respect to any Person, the aggregate amount of assets of such Person (less applicable reserves and other properly deductible items) after deducting therefrom (to the extent otherwise included therein) (a) all current liabilities and (b) all goodwill, trade names, trademarks, patents, unamortized debt discount and expense and other like intangibles, all as set forth on the books and records of such Person and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of the end of the most recently ended fiscal quarter and computed in accordance with GAAP.

“Consolidated Non-cash Charges” means, with respect to any Person for any period, the aggregate depreciation, amortization, impairment, non-cash compensation, non-cash rent and other non-cash expenses of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period on a consolidated basis and otherwise determined in accordance with GAAP, but excluding (i) any such charge which consists of or requires an accrual of, or cash reserve for, anticipated cash charges for any future period and (ii) the non-cash impact of recording the change in fair value of any embedded derivatives under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133 and related interpretations as a result of the terms of any agreement or instrument to which such Consolidated Non-cash Charges relate.

“Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee” shall be at the address of the Trustee specified in Section 12.02 of this Secured Indenture or such other address as to which the Trustee may give notice to the Company.

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“Custodian” means the Trustee, as custodian with respect to the Global Secured Notes, or any successor entity thereto.

“Default” means any event that is, or with the passage of time or the giving of notice or both would be, an Event of Default.

“Deferred Payments” means Indebtedness owed to satellite construction or launch contractors incurred after the Issue Date in connection with the construction or launch of one or more satellites of the Company or the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries used by the Company and/or them in the businesses described in Section 4.16 of this Secured Indenture in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $50.0 million at any one time outstanding.

“Definitive Secured Note” means a certificated Secured Note registered in the name of the Holder thereof and issued in accordance with Section 2.06 of this Secured Indenture, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto except that such Secured Note shall not bear the Global Secured Note Legend and shall not have the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Secured Note” attached thereto.

“Depositary” means The Depository Trust Company and any and all successors thereto appointed as depositary hereunder and having become such pursuant to an applicable provision of this Secured Indenture.

“Designated Non-Cash Consideration” means the fair market value of non-cash consideration received by the Company or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with an Asset Sale that is so designated as “Designated Non-Cash Consideration” pursuant to an officer’s certificate, setting forth the basis of such valuation, less the amount of cash or Cash Equivalents received in connection with a subsequent sale of such Designated Non-Cash Consideration.

“Destruction” means any damage to, loss or destruction of any portion of any satellite resulting in Net Insurance Proceeds of $7.5 million or more.

“Disqualified Stock” means any Capital Stock which, by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is exchangeable), or upon the happening of any event, matures or is mandatorily redeemable, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or redeemable at the option of the holder thereof, in whole or in part, on or prior to the date on which the Secured Notes mature; provided, however, that any such Capital Stock may require the issuer of such Capital Stock to make an offer to purchase such Capital Stock upon the occurrence of certain events if the terms of such Capital Stock provide that such an offer may not be satisfied and the purchase of such Capital Stock may not be consummated until the 91st day after the Secured Notes have been paid in full.

“Domestic Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any Restricted Subsidiary of such Person other than a Foreign Subsidiary.

“Eligible Institution” means a commercial banking institution that has combined capital and surplus of not less than $500 million or its equivalent in foreign currency, whose debt is rated Investment Grade at the time as of which any investment or rollover therein is made.

“Equipment Financing Agreements” means (A) any and all agreements entered into by the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries providing for the lease of equipment to enterprise customers, (B) any and all assignment agreements entered into by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business as contemplated by clause (A) of this definition, in each case, as the same may be refinanced, amended, modified, restated, renewed, supplemented or replaced, and (C) any agreements between the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and any third-party relating generally to the subject matter of the agreements set forth in clause (A) of this definition.

“Equity Interests” means Capital Stock and all warrants, options or other rights to acquire Capital Stock (but excluding any debt security that is convertible into, or exchangeable for, Capital Stock).

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“Escrowed Proceeds” means the proceeds from the offering of any debt securities or other Indebtedness paid into an escrow account with an independent escrow agent on the date of the applicable offering or Incurrence pursuant to escrow arrangements that permit the release of amounts on deposit in such escrow account upon satisfaction of certain conditions or the occurrence of certain events.  The term “Escrowed Proceeds” shall include any interest earned on the amounts held in escrow.

“Exchange Act” means the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

“Exchange Offer” has the meaning set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement with respect to the Secured Notes.

“Exchange Offer Registration Statement” has the meaning set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement with respect to the Secured Notes.

“Excluded Property” has the meaning set forth in the Security Documents.

“Existing Indebtedness” means the Secured Notes, the Unsecured Notes and any other Indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries in existence on the Issue Date, until such amounts are repaid.

“FCC” means the Federal Communications Commission or any successor agency thereto.

“Foreign Collateral” means the Collateral of the Company or any Guarantor located outside the United States.

“Foreign Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any Subsidiary of such Person that is not organized or existing under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia, and any Subsidiary of such Subsidiary.

“GAAP” means United States generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as may be approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession of the United States, which are applicable as of the Issue Date; provided that, for purposes of complying with Section 4.03 of this Secured Indenture, the applicable report shall utilize GAAP as then in effect.

“Global Secured Note Legend” means the legend set forth in Section 2.01 of this Secured Indenture, which is required to be placed on all Global Secured Notes issued under this Secured Indenture.

“Global Secured Notes” means, individually and collectively, each of the Restricted Global Secured Notes and the Unrestricted Global Secured Notes, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto issued in accordance with Section 2.01 or 2.06 of this Secured Indenture.

“Government Securities” means direct obligations of, or obligations guaranteed by, the United States of America for the payment of which guarantee or obligations the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged.

“Governmental Authority” shall mean any Federal, state, provincial, local, foreign or other governmental, quasi-governmental or administrative (including self-regulatory) body, instrumentality, department, agency, authority, board, bureau, commission, office of any nature whatsoever or other subdivision thereof, or any court, tribunal, administrative hearing body, arbitration panel or other similar dispute-resolving body, whether now or hereafter in existence, or any officer or official thereof, having jurisdiction over any pledgor of Collateral or the Collateral or any portion thereof.

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“Grantors” means the Company and the Guarantors.

“guarantee” means a guarantee (other than by endorsement of negotiable instruments for collection in the ordinary course of business), direct or indirect, in any manner (including, without limitation, letters of credit and reimbursement agreements in respect thereof), of all or any part of any Indebtedness.

“Guarantee” means a guarantee by a Guarantor of the Secured Notes.

“Guarantor” means any entity that executes a Guarantee of the obligations of the Company under the Secured Notes, and their respective successors and assigns.

“Hedging Obligations” means, with respect to any Person, the obligations of such Person pursuant to any arrangement with any other Person, whereby, directly or indirectly, such Person is entitled to receive from time to time periodic payments calculated by applying either floating or a fixed rate of interest on a stated notional amount in exchange for periodic payments made by such other Person calculated by applying a fixed or a floating rate of interest on the same notional amount and shall include, without limitation, interest rate swaps, caps, floors, collars and similar agreements designed to protect such Person against fluctuations in interest rates.

“Holder” means a Person in whose name a Secured Note is registered.

“Immaterial Subsidiary” means any one or more Subsidiaries of the Company that have less than $5.0 million in total assets in the aggregate.

“Indebtedness” means, with respect to any Person, any indebtedness of such Person, whether or not contingent, in respect of borrowed money or evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments or letters of credit (or reimbursement agreements in respect thereof) or representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase price of any property (including pursuant to capital leases) or representing any Hedging Obligations, except any such balance that constitutes an accrued expense or trade payable, if and to the extent any of the foregoing (other than Hedging Obligations) would appear as a liability upon a balance sheet of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP, and also includes, to the extent not otherwise included, the amount of all obligations of such Person with respect to the redemption, repayment or other repurchase of any Disqualified Stock or, with respect to any Subsidiary of such Person, the liquidation preference with respect to, any Preferred Equity Interests (but excluding, in each case, any accrued dividends) as well as the guarantee of items that would be included within this definition.

“Indebtedness to Cash Flow Ratio” means, with respect to any Person, the ratio of:  (a) the Indebtedness of such Person and its Subsidiaries (or, if such Person is the Company, of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries) as of the end of the most recently ended fiscal quarter, plus the amount of any Indebtedness incurred subsequent to the end of such fiscal quarter; to (b) such Person’s Consolidated Cash Flow for the most recently ended four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available immediately preceding the date on which such event for which such calculation is being made shall occur (the “Measurement Period”); provided, however, that if such Person or any of its Subsidiaries (or, if such Person is the Company, any of its Restricted Subsidiaries) consummates an acquisition, merger or other business combination or an Asset Sale or other disposition of assets subsequent to the commencement of the Measurement Period for which the calculation of the Indebtedness to Cash Flow Ratio is made, then the Indebtedness to Cash Flow Ratio shall be calculated giving pro forma effect to such transaction(s) as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable period.

“Indirect Participant” means a Person who holds a beneficial interest in a Global Secured Note through a Participant.

“Initial Purchasers” means, with respect to the Secured Notes, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.

“Initial Secured Notes” means the $750,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 5.250% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 of the Company issued under this Secured Indenture on the Issue Date.

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“Investment Grade” means, with respect to a security, that such security is rated at least BBB- or higher by S&P or Baa3 or higher by Moody’s (or, in the event of a change in ratings systems, the equivalent of such ratings by S&P or Moody’s), or the equivalent rating of another nationally recognized statistical rating organization.

“Investments” means, with respect to any Person, all investments by such Person in other Persons (including Affiliates) in the forms of loans (including guarantees), advances or capital contributions (excluding commission, travel and similar advances to officers and employees made in the ordinary course of business), purchases or other acquisitions for consideration of Indebtedness, Equity Interests or other securities and all other items that are or would be classified as investments on a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP.

“Issue Date” means July 27, 2016, the date of original issuance of the Initial Secured Notes.

“Legal Holiday” means a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in the City of New York or at a place of payment are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to remain closed.  If a payment date is a Legal Holiday at a place of payment, payment may be made at that place on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period.

“Letter of Transmittal” means the letter of transmittal to be prepared by the Company and sent to all Holders of the Secured Notes for use by such Holders in connection with the Exchange Offer.

“Lien” means, with respect to any asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset, whether or not filed, recorded or otherwise perfected under applicable law (including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any lease in the nature thereof, any option or other agreement to sell or give a security interest in and any filing of or agreement to give any financing statement under the Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent statute) of any jurisdiction).

“Marketable Securities” means:  (a) Government Securities; (b) any certificate of deposit maturing not more than 365 days after the date of acquisition issued by, or time deposit of, an Eligible Institution; (c) commercial paper or corporate securities maturing not more than 18 months after the date of acquisition issued by a corporation (other than an Affiliate of the Company) with an Investment Grade rating, at the time as of which any investment therein is made, issued or offered by an Eligible Institution; (d) any bankers’ acceptances or money market deposit accounts issued or offered by an Eligible Institution; and (e) any fund investing exclusively in investments of the types described in clauses (a) through (d) above.

“Maximum Secured Amount” means 4.00 times the Trailing Cash Flow Amount, or, if greater and following a Suspension Event, 15% of the Company’s Consolidated Net Tangible Assets.

“Merger Agreement” means that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of February 13, 2011, by and among EchoStar Satellite Services L.L.C., Broadband Acquisition Corporation, EchoStar Corporation and Hughes Communications, Inc.

“Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., a subsidiary of Moody’s Corporation.

“Net Income” means, with respect to any Person, the net income (loss) of such Person, determined in accordance with GAAP, excluding, however, any gain (but not loss), together with any related provision for taxes on such gain (but not loss), realized in connection with any Asset Sale (including, without limitation, dispositions pursuant to sale and leaseback transactions), and excluding any extraordinary gain (but not loss), together with any related provision for taxes on such extraordinary gain (but not loss) and excluding any unusual gain (but not loss) relating to recovery of insurance proceeds on satellites, together with any related provision for taxes on such extraordinary gain (but not loss).

“Net Insurance Proceeds” means the insurance proceeds (excluding liability insurance proceeds payable to the Collateral Agent for any loss, liability or expense incurred by it and excluding the proceeds of business interruption insurance) or condemnation awards actually received by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary as a result of the Destruction or Taking of all or any portion of any satellite forming part of the Collateral, net of:

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(1)                                 reasonable out-of-pocket expenses and fees relating to such Destruction (including, without limitation, expenses of attorneys and insurance adjusters);

(2)                                 repayment of Indebtedness that is secured by the property or assets that are the subject of such Destruction pursuant to a Lien that is permitted by this Secured Indenture to be prior to any Lien securing the Secured Notes;

(3)                                 provision for all income or other taxes measured by or resulting from such Destruction;

(4)                                 provision for payments to Persons who own an interest in the satellite (including any transponder thereon) in accordance with the terms of the agreement(s) governing the ownership of such Person (other than provision for payments to insurance carriers required to be made based on projected future revenues expected to be generated from such satellite in the good faith determination of the Company); and

(5)                                 deduction of appropriate amounts to be provided by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary as a reserve, in accordance with GAAP, against any liabilities associated with the satellite that was the subject of the Destruction.

“Net Proceeds” means the aggregate cash proceeds received by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, as the case may be, in respect of any Asset Sale, net of the direct costs relating to such Asset Sale (including, without limitation, legal, accounting and investment banking fees, and sales commissions) and any relocation expenses incurred as a result thereof, taxes paid or payable as a result thereof (after taking into account any available tax credits or deductions and any tax sharing arrangements), amounts required to be applied to the repayment of Indebtedness secured by a Lien on the asset or assets that are the subject of such Asset Sale and any reserve for adjustment in respect of the sale price of such asset or assets.  Net Proceeds shall exclude any non-cash proceeds received from any Asset Sale, but shall include such proceeds when and as converted by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary to cash.

“Non-Recourse Indebtedness” of any Person means Indebtedness of such Person that:  (i) is not guaranteed by any other Person (except a Wholly Owned Subsidiary of the referent Person); (ii) is not recourse to and does not obligate any other Person (except a Wholly Owned Subsidiary of the referent Person) in any way; (iii) does not subject any property or assets of any other Person (except a Wholly Owned Subsidiary of the referent Person), directly or indirectly, contingently or otherwise, to the satisfaction thereof, and (iv) is not required by GAAP to be reflected on the financial statements of any other Person (other than a Subsidiary of the referent Person) prepared in accordance with GAAP.

“Non-U.S. Person” means a Person who is not a U.S. Person.

“Notes Secured Parties” has the meaning set forth in the Security Agreement.

“Obligations” means any principal, interest, penalties, fees, indemnifications, reimbursements, damages and other liabilities payable under the documentation governing any Indebtedness.

“Offering” means the offering of the Secured Notes pursuant to the Offering Memorandum.

“Offering Memorandum” means the Offering Memorandum, dated as of July 20, 2016, of the Company relating to and used in connection with the Offering.

“Officer” means, with respect to any Person, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, Controller, Secretary or any Vice-President of such Person.(1)

(1)  SATS to consider if any revision to the scope of Officers is desired.

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“Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by two Officers of the Company, one of whom must be the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer of the Company.

“Opinion of Counsel” means an opinion from legal counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel to the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company or the Trustee.

“Parent” means the Company’s parent, EchoStar Corporation, together with each Subsidiary of Parent that beneficially owns a majority of the total voting power of the Company’s Equity Interests, but only so long as such other entity remains a Subsidiary of Parent; provided that if EchoStar Corporation no longer beneficially owns a majority of the total voting power of the Company’s Equity Interests, references to “Parent” mean any person or entity that directly beneficially owns a majority of the total voting power of the Company’s Equity Interests, together with any future Subsidiary of such person or entity for so long as such future Subsidiary remains such and beneficially owns a majority of the total voting power of the Company’s Equity Interests.

“Pari Passu Indebtedness” means Indebtedness of the Company or a Guarantor that is pari passu in right of payment (and not expressly subordinated) to the Secured Notes or, in the case of a Guarantor, that is pari passu in right of payment (and not expressly subordinated) to its Guarantee.

“Participant” means, with respect to the Depositary, a Person who has an account with the Depositary.

“Permitted Business” means any business conducted or proposed to be conducted by the Company (including through its Subsidiaries and joint ventures) on the Issue Date, any business activity that is a reasonable extension, development or expansion thereof or ancillary, incidental, similar, complementary or reasonably related thereto, and any business conducted or proposed to be conducted after the Issue Date as approved by the Board of Directors in good faith.

“Permitted Investments” means:  (a) Investments in the Company or in a Restricted Subsidiary; (b) Investments in Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities; and (c) Investments by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in a Person if, as a result of such Investment:  (i) such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary, or (ii) such Person is merged, consolidated or amalgamated with or into, or transfers or conveys substantially all of its assets to, or is liquidated into, the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary; provided that if at any time a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company shall cease to be a Subsidiary of the Company, the Company shall be deemed to have made a Restricted Investment in the amount of its remaining investment, if any, in such former Subsidiary.

“Permitted Liens” means:

(a)                                 Liens securing the Secured Notes issued on the Issue Date and Liens securing any guarantee thereof;

(b)                                 Liens securing the Deferred Payments;

(c)                                  Liens (whether or not securing Indebtedness); provided that such Liens under this clause (c) together with Liens under clause (a) of this definition shall not secure Indebtedness in an amount exceeding the Maximum Secured Amount at the time that such Lien is incurred;

(d)                                 Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under clause (b)(7) of Section 4.09; provided that such Indebtedness was permitted to be incurred by the terms of this Secured Indenture and such Liens do not extend to any assets of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries other than the assets so acquired;

(e)                                  Liens securing Indebtedness the proceeds of which are used to develop, construct, launch or insure any satellites; provided that such Indebtedness was permitted to be incurred by the terms of this Secured Indenture and such Liens do not extend to any assets of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries other than such satellites being developed, constructed, launched or insured, and to the related licenses, permits and construction, launch and TT&C contracts;

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(f)                                   Liens on orbital slots, licenses and other assets and rights of the Company, provided that such orbital slots, licenses and other assets and rights relate solely to the satellites referred to in clause (e) of this definition;

(g)                                  Liens on property of a Person existing at the time such Person is merged into or consolidated with the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided that such Liens were not incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such merger or consolidation, other than in the ordinary course of business;

(h)                                 Liens on property of an Unrestricted Subsidiary at the time that it is designated as a Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to the definition of “Unrestricted Subsidiary”; provided that such Liens were not incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such designation;

(i)                                     Liens on property existing at the time of acquisition thereof by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; provided that such Liens were not incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such acquisition and do not extend to any assets of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries other than the property so acquired;

(j)                                    Liens to secure the performance of statutory obligations, bid, surety or appeal bonds or performance bonds, or landlords’, carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, suppliers’, materialmen’s or other like Liens, in any case incurred in the ordinary course of business and with respect to amounts not yet delinquent or being contested in good faith by appropriate process of law, if a reserve or other appropriate provision, if any, as is required by GAAP shall have been made therefor;

(k)                                 Liens existing on the Issue Date, including Liens securing the 2011 Secured Notes and Liens securing any guarantee thereof;

(l)                                     Liens for taxes, assessments or governmental charges or claims that are not yet delinquent or that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings promptly instituted and diligently concluded; provided that any reserve or other appropriate provision as shall be required in conformity with GAAP shall have been made therefor;

(m)                             Liens incurred by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to obligations that do not exceed $50.0 million in principal amount in the aggregate at any one time outstanding;

(n)                                 Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under clause (b)(10) of Section 4.09 of this Secured Indenture; provided that such Liens shall not extend to assets other than assets that previously secured such Indebtedness being refinanced;

(o)                                 Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under clause (b)(12) of Section 4.09 of this Secured Indenture;

(p)                                 Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under clause (b)(15) of Section 4.09 of this Secured Indenture; provided that such Liens do not extend to any assets of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries other than the assets so acquired;

(q)                                 Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under clause (b)(16) of Section 4.09 of this Secured Indenture; provided that such Liens do not extend to any assets of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries other than the assets so acquired;

(r)                                    survey exceptions, encumbrances, Liens, restrictions, easements or reservations of, or rights of others for, licenses, rights-of-way, sewers, electric lines, telegraph and telephone lines and other similar purposes, or zoning or other restrictions as to the use of real properties or Liens incidental to the conduct of the business of such Person or to the ownership of its properties which were not incurred in

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connection with Indebtedness and which do not in the aggregate materially impair their use in the operation of the business of such Person;

(s)                                   leases and subleases of real property granted to others in the ordinary course of business that do not (i) materially interfere with the ordinary conduct of the business of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries or (ii) secure any Indebtedness;

(t)                                    Liens arising from Uniform Commercial Code financing statement filings regarding operating leases entered into by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business;

(u)                                 Liens on equipment of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary granted in the ordinary course of business to its customers at the site at which such equipment is located;

(v)                                 Liens in favor of customers on satellites or portions thereof (including insurance proceeds relating thereto) or the satellite construction or acquisition agreement relating thereto;

(w)                               grants of software and other licenses in the ordinary course of business;

(x)                                 Liens securing insurance premiums financing arrangements, provided that such Liens are limited to the applicable unearned insurance premiums;

(y)                                 extensions, renewals or refundings of any Liens referred to in clauses (a) through (x) above; provided that (i) any such extension, renewal or refunding does not extend to any assets or secure any Indebtedness not securing or secured by the Liens being extended, renewed or refinanced and (ii) any extension, renewal or refunding of a Lien originally incurred pursuant to clause (c) above shall not secure Indebtedness in an amount greater than the Maximum Secured Amount at the time of such extension, renewal or refunding; and

(z)                                  Liens on Escrowed Proceeds for the benefit of the related holders of debt securities or other Indebtedness (or the underwriters or arrangers thereof) or on cash set aside at the time of the Incurrence of any Indebtedness or government securities purchased with such cash, in either case to the extent such cash or government securities prefund the payment of interest on such Indebtedness and are held in an escrow account or similar arrangement to be applied for such purpose.

“Permitted Refinancing” has the meaning given in Section 4.09(b)(10)(C).

“Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, limited liability company, government or any agency or political subdivision thereof or any other entity.

“Preferred Equity Interest,” in any Person, means an Equity Interest of any class or classes (however designated) which is preferred as to the payment of dividends or distributions, or as to the distribution of assets upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation or dissolution of such Person, over Equity Interests of any other class in such Person.

“Principal” means Charles W. Ergen.

“Private Placement Legend” means the legend set forth in Section 2.01 of this Secured Indenture to be placed on all Secured Notes issued under this Secured Indenture except where otherwise permitted by the provisions of this Secured Indenture.

“Purchase Money Indebtedness” means (i) Indebtedness of the Company, or any Guarantor incurred (within 365 days of such purchase) to finance the purchase of any assets (including the purchase of Equity Interests of Persons that are not Affiliates of the Company or the Guarantors) to the extent the amount of Indebtedness thereunder

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does not exceed 100% of the purchase cost of such assets; and (ii) Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor which refinances Indebtedness referred to in clause (i) of this definition; provided that such refinancing satisfies such clause (i).

“QIB” means a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A.

“Rating Agency” or “Rating Agencies” means:  (a) S&P; (b) Moody’s; or (c) if S&P or Moody’s or both shall not make a rating of the Secured Notes publicly available, a nationally recognized securities rating agency or agencies, as the case may be, selected by the Company, which shall be substituted for S&P or Moody’s or both, as the case may be.

“Receivables Trust” means a trust organized solely for the purpose of securitizing the accounts receivable held by the Accounts Receivable Subsidiary that:  (a) shall not engage in any business other than (i) the purchase of accounts receivable or participation interests therein from the Accounts Receivable Subsidiary and the servicing thereof, (ii) the issuance of and distribution of payments with respect to the securities permitted to be issued under clause (b) below and (iii) other activities incidental to the foregoing; (b) shall not at any time incur Indebtedness or issue any securities, except (i) certificates representing undivided interests in the trust issued to the Accounts Receivable Subsidiary and (ii) debt securities issued in an arm’s length transaction for consideration solely in the form of cash and Cash Equivalents, all of which (net of any issuance fees and expenses) shall promptly be paid to the Accounts Receivable Subsidiary; and (c) shall distribute to the Accounts Receivable Subsidiary as a distribution on the Accounts Receivable Subsidiary’s beneficial interest in the trust no less frequently than once every six months all available cash and Cash Equivalents held by it, to the extent not required for reasonable operating expenses or reserves therefor or to service any securities issued pursuant to clause (b) above that are not held by the Accounts Receivable Subsidiary.

“Refinancing Indebtedness” has the meaning given in Section 4.09(b)(10) of this Secured Indenture.

“Registration Rights Agreement” means the Registration Rights Agreement dated July 27, 2016 among the Company, the Guarantors and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.

“Regulation S” means Regulation S promulgated under the Securities Act.

“Regulation S Global Secured Note” means one or more Global Secured Notes substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto bearing the Global Secured Note Legend and the Private Placement Legend and deposited with or on behalf of, and registered in the name of, the Depositary or its nominee, which, in the aggregate, are equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Secured Notes initially sold by the Company in reliance on Rule 903 of Regulation S.

“Related Party” means, with respect to the Principal, (a) the spouse and each immediate family member of the Principal, (b) each trust, corporation, partnership or other entity of which the Principal, the Principal’s spouse and/or immediate family members beneficially holds an 80% or more controlling interest and (c) all trusts, including grantor retained annuity trusts, established by the Principal for the benefit of his family.

“Related Person” means, with respect to any specified Person, such Person’s Affiliates, and the respective officers, directors, employees, agents, advisors and attorneys-in-fact of such Person and its Affiliates.

“Replacement Assets” means, on any date, property or assets (including Capital Stock of an entity owning such property or assets), of a nature or type that are used in any Permitted Business.

“Replacement Satellite Vendor Indebtedness” means Indebtedness of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary provided by a satellite or satellite launch vendor, insurer or insurance agent or Affiliate thereof for the (i) construction, launch or insurance of all or part of one or more replacement satellites or satellite launches for such satellites, where “replacement satellite” means a satellite that is to be used:  (x) as a replacement for any of the satellites owned, leased or under construction by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary on the Issue Date, or (y) for continuation or expansion of the satellite service of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary as a replacement for, or supplement

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to, a satellite that is retired or relocated (due to a deterioration in operating useful life) within the existing service area or reasonably determined by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary to no longer meet the requirements for such service or as a supplement to one or more existing satellites to provide additional capacity or (ii) the replacement of a spare satellite that has been launched or that is no longer capable of being launched or suitable for launch.  Replacement Satellite Vendor Indebtedness includes any Refinancing Indebtedness thereof.

“Responsible Officer,” when used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer within the Corporate Trust Services of the Trustee (or any successor group of the Trustee) or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.

“Restricted Definitive Secured Note” means a Definitive Secured Note bearing the Private Placement Legend.

“Restricted Global Secured Note” means a Global Secured Note bearing the Private Placement Legend.

“Restricted Investment” means an Investment other than Permitted Investments.

“Restricted Period” means the 40-day distribution compliance period as defined in Regulation S.

“Restricted Subsidiary” or “Restricted Subsidiaries” means any corporation, association or other business entity of which more than 50% of the total voting power of shares of Capital Stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by the Company or one or more Subsidiaries of the Company or a combination thereof, other than Unrestricted Subsidiaries.

“Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act.

“Rule 144A” means Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities Act.

“Rule 903” means Rule 903 promulgated under the Securities Act.

“Rule 904” means Rule 904 promulgated under the Securities Act.

“S&P” means Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, Inc., a division of The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc.

“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Secured Exchange Notes” means the notes issued in the Exchange Offer pursuant to Section 2.06(f) of this Secured Indenture or pursuant to a registered exchange offer for Secured Notes with a Private Placement Legend issued after the Issue Date.

“Secured Indenture” means this Secured Indenture, as amended or supplemented from time to time.

“Secured Notes” means the Initial Secured Notes, the Secured Exchange Notes and any other notes issued after the Issue Date in accordance with the fourth paragraph of Section 2.02 of this Secured Indenture treated as a single class of securities.

“Securities Act” means the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

“Security Agreement” means the Security Agreement, dated as of June 8, 2011 and as supplemented, among the Company, the Guarantors and the Collateral Agent, as further supplemented by the Additional Secured Party Joinder, dated the Issue Date, among the Collateral Agent, the Trustee and the Company (as amended, restated, modified, supplemented, extended or replaced from time to time).

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“Security Documents” means, collectively:

(1)                                 the Security Agreement;

(2)                                 any mortgages after the Issue Date (as amended, restated, modified, supplemented, extended or replaced from time to time), among the Company or the applicable Guarantor and the Collateral Agent;

(3)                                 all other security agreements, pledge agreements, mortgages, deeds of trust, deeds to secure debt, pledges, collateral assignments and other agreements or instruments evidencing or creating any security interest or Lien in favor of the Collateral Agent for its benefit and the benefit of the Trustee and the holders in any or all of the Collateral.

“Shelf Registration Statement” means the Shelf Registration Statement as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement.

“Significant Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary that would be a “significant subsidiary” as defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, as such regulation is in effect on the Issue Date.

“Subsidiary” or “Subsidiaries” means, with respect to any Person, any corporation, association or other business entity of which more than 50% of the total voting power of shares of Capital Stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by such Person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of such Person or a combination thereof.

“Taking” means any taking of the Collateral or any portion thereof, in or by condemnation or other eminent domain proceedings pursuant to any law, general or special, or by reason of the temporary requisition of the use of the Collateral or any portion thereof, by any Governmental Authority, civil or military.

“TIA” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as in effect on the date of this Secured Indenture, except as provided in Section 9.03 of this Secured Indenture.

“Trailing Cash Flow Amount” means the Consolidated Cash Flow of the Company during the most recent four fiscal quarters of the Company for which financial statements are available; provided that if the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries consummates a merger, acquisition or other business combination or an Asset Sale or other disposition of assets subsequent to the commencement of such period but prior to or contemporaneously with the event for which the calculation of Trailing Cash Flow Amount is made, then Trailing Cash Flow Amount shall be calculated giving pro forma effect to such material acquisition or Asset Sale or other disposition of assets, as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable period.

“Trustee” means the party named as such above until a successor replaces it in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Secured Indenture and thereafter means the successor serving hereunder.

“TT&C” means telemetry, tracking and control.

“U.S. Person” means a U.S. Person as defined in Rule 902(k) under the Securities Act.

“Unrestricted Definitive Secured Note” means one or more Definitive Secured Notes that do not bear and are not required to bear the Private Placement Legend.

“Unrestricted Global Secured Note” means a permanent Global Secured Note substantially in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto that bears the Global Secured Note Legend and that has the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Secured Note” attached thereto, and that is deposited with or on behalf of and registered in the name of the Depositary, representing Secured Notes that do not bear the Private Placement Legend.

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“Unrestricted Subsidiary” or “Unrestricted Subsidiaries” means any Subsidiary of the Company designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary after the Issue Date in a resolution of the Board of Directors:

(a)                                 no portion of the Indebtedness or any other obligation (contingent or otherwise) of which, immediately after such designation:  (i) is guaranteed by the Company or any other Subsidiary of the Company (other than another Unrestricted Subsidiary); (ii) is recourse to or obligates the Company or any other Subsidiary of the Company (other than another Unrestricted Subsidiary) in any way; or (iii) subjects any property or asset of the Company or any other Subsidiary of the Company (other than another Unrestricted Subsidiary), directly or indirectly, contingently or otherwise, to satisfaction thereof;

(b)                                 with which neither the Company nor any other Subsidiary of the Company (other than another Unrestricted Subsidiary) has any contract, agreement, arrangement, understanding or is subject to an obligation of any kind, written or oral, other than on terms no less favorable to the Company or such other Subsidiary than those that might be obtained at the time from Persons who are not Affiliates of the Company; and

(c)                                  with which neither the Company nor any other Subsidiary of the Company (other than another Unrestricted Subsidiary) has any obligation:  (i) to subscribe for additional shares of Capital Stock or other equity interests therein; or (ii) to maintain or preserve such Subsidiary’s financial condition or to cause such Subsidiary to achieve certain levels of operating results.

If at any time after the Issue Date the Company designates an additional Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, the Company will be deemed to have made a Restricted Investment in an amount equal to the fair market value (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company evidenced by a resolution of the Board of Directors of the Company and set forth in an Officers’ Certificate delivered to the Trustee no later than ten business days following a request from the Trustee, which certificate shall cover the six months preceding the date of the request) of such Subsidiary and to have incurred all Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary.  An Unrestricted Subsidiary may be designated as a Restricted Subsidiary if, at the time of such designation after giving pro forma effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred or be continuing.

“Weighted Average Life to Maturity” means, when applied to any Indebtedness at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing (a) the then outstanding principal amount of such Indebtedness into (b) the total of the product obtained by multiplying (i) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required payments of principal, including payment at final maturity, in respect thereof, by (ii) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse between such date and the making of such payment.

“Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary” means a Wholly Owned Subsidiary of the Company that is a Restricted Subsidiary.

“Wholly Owned Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any Subsidiary all of the outstanding voting stock (other than directors’ qualifying shares) of which is owned by such Person, directly or indirectly.

SECTION 1.02                                 Other Definitions.

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SECTION 1.03                                 Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.

Whenever this Secured Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Secured Indenture.

The following TIA terms used in this Secured Indenture have the following meanings:

“indenture securities” means the Secured Notes;

“indenture security Holder” means a Holder of a Secured Note;

“indenture to be qualified” means this Secured Indenture;

“indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee;

“obligor” on the Secured Notes means each of the Company and any successor obligor upon the Secured Notes.

All other terms used in this Secured Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule under the TIA have the meanings so assigned to them.

SECTION 1.04                                 Rules of Construction.

Unless the context otherwise requires:

(1)                                 a term has the meaning assigned to it;

(2)                                 an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP;

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(3)                                 “or” is not exclusive;

(4)                                 words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular; and

(5)                                 provisions apply to successive events and transactions.

ARTICLE 2

THE SECURED NOTES

SECTION 2.01                                 Form and Dating.

The Secured Notes and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, the terms of which are incorporated in and made a part of this Secured Indenture.  The Secured Notes may have notations, legends or endorsements approved as to form by the Company, and required by law, stock exchange rule, agreements to which the Company is subject or usage.  Each Secured Note shall be dated the date of its authentication.  The Secured Notes shall be issuable only in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.

The Secured Notes shall initially be issued in the form of one or more Global Secured Notes and The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), its nominees, and their respective successors, shall act as the Depositary with respect thereto.  Each Global Secured Note shall (i) be registered in the name of the Depositary for such Global Secured Note or the nominee of such Depositary, (ii) shall be delivered by the Trustee to such Depositary or pursuant to such Depositary’s instructions, and (iii) shall bear a legend (the “Global Secured Note Legend”) substantially to the following effect:

UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE, OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO.  OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO.  OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE, OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.

THIS SECURED NOTE IS A GLOBAL SECURED NOTE WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE SECURED INDENTURE HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF A DEPOSITARY OR A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY.  THIS SECURED NOTE IS NOT EXCHANGEABLE FOR SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A PERSON OTHER THAN THE DEPOSITARY OR ITS NOMINEE EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE SECURED INDENTURE, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS SECURED NOTE (OTHER THAN A TRANSFER OF THIS SECURED NOTE AS A WHOLE BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY) MAY BE REGISTERED EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE SECURED INDENTURE.

Except as permitted by Section 2.06(g) of this Secured Indenture, any Secured Note not registered under the Securities Act shall bear the following legend (the “Private Placement Legend”) on the face thereof:

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“THIS SECURED NOTE HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS.  NEITHER THIS SECURED NOTE NOR ANY INTEREST OR PARTICIPATION HEREIN MAY BE OFFERED, SOLD, ASSIGNED, TRANSFERRED, PLEDGED, ENCUMBERED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR UNLESS SUCH TRANSACTION IS EXEMPT FROM, OR NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT.  THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURED NOTE BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF AGREES TO OFFER, SELL OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER SUCH SECURED NOTE, PRIOR TO THE DATE WHICH IS ONE YEAR AFTER THE LATER OF THE ORIGINAL ISSUE DATE HEREOF AND THE LAST DATE ON WHICH THE COMPANY OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE COMPANY WAS THE OWNER OF THIS SECURED NOTE (OR ANY PREDECESSOR OF THIS SECURED NOTE) (THE “RESALE RESTRICTION TERMINATION DATE”) ONLY (A) TO THE COMPANY OR ANY SUBSIDIARY THEREOF, (B) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (C) FOR SO LONG AS THE SECURED NOTES ARE ELIGIBLE FOR RESALE PURSUANT TO RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT (“RULE 144A”), TO A PERSON IT REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A THAT PURCHASES FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A, (D) PURSUANT TO OFFERS AND SALES TO NON-U.S. PERSONS THAT OCCUR OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE MEANING OF REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND OTHERWISE IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR (E) PURSUANT TO ANOTHER AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT, SUBJECT TO THE COMPANY’S AND THE TRUSTEE’S RIGHT PRIOR TO ANY SUCH OFFER, SALE OR TRANSFER PURSUANT TO CLAUSE (D) PRIOR TO THE END OF THE 40 DAY DISTRIBUTION COMPLIANCE PERIOD WITHIN THE MEANING OF REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO CLAUSE (E) PRIOR TO THE RESALE RESTRICTION TERMINATION DATE TO REQUIRE THE DELIVERY OF AN OPINION OF COUNSEL, CERTIFICATION AND/OR OTHER INFORMATION SATISFACTORY TO EACH OF THEM.  THIS LEGEND WILL BE REMOVED UPON THE REQUEST OF A HOLDER AFTER THE RESALE RESTRICTION TERMINATION DATE.

The Trustee must refuse to register any transfer of a Secured Note bearing the Private Placement Legend that would violate the restrictions described in such legend.

SECTION 2.02                                 Form of Execution and Authentication.

An Officer of the Company shall sign the Secured Notes for the Company by manual or facsimile signature.  The Company’s seal may (but is not required to) be reproduced on the Secured Notes.

If the Officer whose signature is on a Secured Note no longer holds that office at the time the Secured Note is authenticated, the Secured Note shall nevertheless be valid.

A Secured Note shall not be valid until authenticated by the manual signature of the Trustee.  The signature of the Trustee shall be conclusive evidence that the Secured Note has been authenticated under this Secured Indenture.

The Trustee shall authenticate (i) Initial Secured Notes for original issue on the Issue Date in an aggregate principal amount of $750,000,000, (ii) pursuant to the Exchange Offer, Secured Exchange Notes from time to time for issue only in exchange for a like principal amount of Initial Secured Notes and (iii) subject to compliance with Section 4.09 of this Secured Indenture, one or more series of Secured Notes for original issue after the Issue Date (such Secured Notes to be substantially in the form of Exhibit A) in an unlimited amount (and if issued with a Private Placement Legend, the same principal amount of Secured Exchange Notes in exchange therefor upon consummation of a registered exchange offer) in each case upon written orders of the Company in the form of an Officers’

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Certificate, which Officers’ Certificate shall, in the case of any issuance pursuant to clause (iii) above, certify that such issuance is in compliance with Section 4.09 and Section 4.12 of this Secured Indenture.  In addition, each such Officers’ Certificate shall specify the amount of Secured Notes to be authenticated, the date on which the Secured Notes are to be authenticated, whether the Secured Notes are to be Initial Secured Notes, Secured Exchange Notes or Secured Notes issued under clause (iii) of the preceding sentence and the aggregate principal amount of Secured Notes outstanding on the date of authentication, and shall further specify the amount of such Secured Notes to be issued as a Global Secured Note or Definitive Secured Notes.  Such Secured Notes shall initially be in the form of one or more Global Secured Notes, which (A) shall represent, and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of, the Secured Notes to be issued, (B) shall be registered in the name of the Depositary for such Global Secured Note or Secured Notes or its nominee and (C) shall be delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary’s instruction.  All Secured Notes issued under this Secured Indenture shall vote and consent together on all matters as one class and no series of Secured Notes will have the right to vote or consent as a separate class on any matter.

The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Secured Notes.  Unless limited by the terms of such appointment, an authenticating agent may authenticate Secured Notes whenever the Trustee may do so.  Each reference in this Secured Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent.  An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company or any Affiliate of the Company.

SECTION 2.03                                 Registrar and Paying Agent.

The Company shall maintain (i) an office or agency where Secured Notes may be presented for registration of transfer or for exchange (including any co-registrar, the “Registrar”) and (ii) an office or agency where Secured Notes may be presented for payment (“Paying Agent”).  The Registrar shall keep a register of the Secured Notes and of their transfer and exchange.  The Company may appoint one or more co-registrars and one or more additional paying agents.  The term “Paying Agent” includes any additional paying agent.  The Company may change any Paying Agent, Registrar or co-registrar without prior notice to any Holder of a Secured Note.  The Company shall notify the Trustee and the Trustee shall notify the Holders of the Secured Notes of the name and address of any Agent not a party to this Secured Indenture.  The Company may act as Paying Agent, Registrar or co-registrar.  The Company shall enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Agent not a party to this Secured Indenture, which shall incorporate the provisions of the TIA.  The agreement shall implement the provisions of this Secured Indenture that relate to such Agent.  The Company shall notify the Trustee of the name and address of any such Agent.  If the Company fails to maintain a Registrar or Paying Agent, or fails to give the foregoing notice, the Trustee shall act as such, and shall be entitled to appropriate compensation in accordance with Section 7.07 of this Secured Indenture.

The Company initially appoints the Trustee as Registrar, Paying Agent and agent for service of notices and demands in connection with the Secured Notes.

SECTION 2.04                                 Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.

The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the benefit of the Holders of the Secured Notes or the Trustee all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Secured Notes, and shall notify the Trustee in writing of any Default by the Company in making any such payment.  While any such Default continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee.  The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee.  Upon payment over to the Trustee, the Paying Agent (if other than the Company) shall have no further liability for the money delivered to the Trustee.  If the Company acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of the Holders of the Secured Notes all money held by it as Paying Agent.

SECTION 2.05                                 Lists of Holders of the Secured Notes.

The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Holders of the Secured Notes and shall otherwise comply with TIA Section 312(a).  If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee at least seven Business Days before each

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interest payment date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of Holders of the Secured Notes, including the aggregate principal amount of the Secured Notes held by each thereof, and the Company shall otherwise comply with TIA Section 312(a).

SECTION 2.06                                 Transfer and Exchange.

(a)                                 Transfer and Exchange of Global Secured Notes.  A Global Secured Note may not be transferred as a whole except by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary, by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or to another nominee of the Depositary, or by the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such successor Depositary.  All Global Secured Notes will be exchanged by the Company for Definitive Secured Notes if (i) the Company delivers to the Trustee notice from the Depositary that it is unwilling or unable to continue to act as Depositary and a successor Depositary is not appointed by the Company within 90 days after the date of such notice from the Depositary, (ii) the Depositary has ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act or (iii) there shall have occurred and be continuing a Default or an Event of Default under this Secured Indenture and the Depositary shall have so requested.  In any such case, the Company will notify the Trustee in writing that, upon surrender by the Direct Participants and Indirect Participants of their interest in such Global Secured Note, Certificated Secured Notes will be issued to each Person that such Direct Participants and Indirect Participants and DTC identify as being the beneficial owner of the related Secured Notes.  Global Secured Notes also may be exchanged or replaced, in whole or in part, as provided in Sections 2.07 and 2.10 of this Secured Indenture.  Every Secured Note authenticated and delivered in exchange for, or in lieu of, a Global Secured Note or any portion thereof, pursuant to this Section 2.06 or Section 2.07 or 2.10 of this Secured Indenture, shall be authenticated and delivered in the form of, and shall be, a Global Secured Note.  A Global Secured Note may not be exchanged for another Secured Note other than as provided in this Section 2.06.  However, beneficial interests in a Global Secured Note may be transferred and exchanged as provided in Section 2.06(b), (c) or (f) of this Secured Indenture.

(b)                                 Transfer and Exchange of Beneficial Interests in the Global Secured Notes.  The transfer and exchange of beneficial interests in the Global Secured Notes shall be effected through the Depositary, in accordance with the provisions of this Secured Indenture and the Applicable Procedures.  Beneficial interests in the Restricted Global Secured Notes shall be subject to restrictions on transfer comparable to those set forth in this Secured Indenture to the extent required by the Securities Act.  Transfers of beneficial interests in the Global Secured Notes also shall require compliance with either subparagraph (i) or (ii) below, as applicable, as well as one or more of the other following subparagraphs, as applicable:

(i)                  Transfer of Beneficial Interests in the Same Global Secured Note.  Beneficial interests in any Restricted Global Secured Note may be transferred to Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in the same Restricted Global Secured Note in accordance with the transfer restrictions set forth in the Private Placement Legend; provided, however, that prior to the expiration of the Restricted Period, no transfer of beneficial interests in the Regulation S Global Secured Note may be made to a U.S. Person or for the account or benefit of a U.S. Person (other than an Initial Purchaser) unless permitted by applicable law and made in compliance with subparagraphs (ii) and (iii) below.  Beneficial interests in any Unrestricted Global Secured Note may be transferred to Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Secured Note.  No written orders or instructions shall be required to be delivered to the Registrar to effect the transfers described in this Section 2.06(b)(i) unless specifically stated above.

(ii)               All Other Transfers and Exchanges of Beneficial Interests in Global Secured Notes.  In connection with all transfers and exchanges of beneficial interests that are not subject to Section 2.06(b)(i) above, the transferor of such beneficial interest must deliver to the Registrar either (A) (1) a written order from a Participant or an Indirect Participant given to the Depositary in accordance with the Applicable Procedures directing the Depositary to credit or cause to be credited a beneficial interest in another Global Secured Note in an amount equal to the beneficial interest to be transferred or exchanged and (2) instructions given in accordance with the Applicable Procedures containing information regarding the Participant account to be credited with such increase or, (B) (1) if Definitive Secured Notes are at such time permitted to be issued pursuant to this Secured Indenture, a written order from a Participant or an Indirect Participant

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given to the Depositary in accordance with the Applicable Procedures directing the Depositary to cause to be issued a Definitive Secured Note in an amount equal to the beneficial interest to be transferred or exchanged and (2) instructions given by the Depositary to the Registrar containing information regarding the Person in whose name such Definitive Secured Note shall be registered to effect the transfer or exchange referred to in (1) above.  Upon consummation of an Exchange Offer by the Company in accordance with Section 2.06(f) of this Secured Indenture, the requirements of this Section 2.06(b)(ii) shall be deemed to have been satisfied upon receipt by the Registrar of the instructions contained in the Letter of Transmittal delivered by the Holder of such beneficial interests in the Restricted Global Secured Notes.  Upon satisfaction of all of the requirements for transfer or exchange of beneficial interests in Global Secured Notes contained in this Secured Indenture and the Secured Notes or otherwise applicable under the Securities Act, the Trustee shall adjust the principal amount of the relevant Global Secured Note(s) pursuant to Section 2.06(h) of this Secured Indenture.

(iii)            Transfer of Beneficial Interests to Another Restricted Global Secured Note.  A beneficial interest in any Restricted Global Secured Note may be transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Restricted Global Secured Note if the transfer complies with the requirements of Section 2.06(b)(ii) above and the Registrar receives the following:

(A)                               if the transferee will take delivery in the form of a beneficial interest in the 144A Global Secured Note, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof; and

(B)                               if the transferee will take delivery in the form of a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Global Secured Note, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof.

(iv)           Transfer and Exchange of Beneficial Interests in a Restricted Global Secured Note for Beneficial Interests in an Unrestricted Global Secured Note.  A beneficial interest in any Restricted Global Secured Note may be exchanged by any Holder thereof for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Secured Note or transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Secured Note if the exchange or transfer complies with the requirements of Section 2.06(b)(ii) above and:

(A)                               such exchange or transfer is effected pursuant to the Exchange Offer in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement and the Holder of the beneficial interest to be transferred, in the case of an exchange, or the transferee, in the case of a transfer, certifies in the applicable Letter of Transmittal that it is not (1) a Broker-Dealer, (2) a Person participating in the distribution of the Secured Exchange Notes or (3) a Person who is an “affiliate” (as defined in Rule 144) of the Company;

(B)                               such transfer is effected pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement;

(C)                               such transfer is effected by a Broker-Dealer pursuant to an Exchange Offer Registration Statement in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement; or

(D)                               the Registrar receives the following:

(y)                                 if the Holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Secured Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Secured Note, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit D hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(a) thereof, or

(z)                                  if the Holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Secured Note proposes to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who shall take delivery

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thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Secured Note, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

and, in each such case set forth in this subparagraph (D), if the Registrar so requests or if the Applicable Procedures so require, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and that the restrictions on transfer contained in this Secured Indenture and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

If any such transfer is effected pursuant to subparagraph (B) or (D) above at a time when an Unrestricted Global Secured Note has not yet been issued, the Company shall issue and, upon receipt of an Authentication Order in accordance with Section 2.02 of this Secured Indenture, the Trustee shall authenticate, one or more Unrestricted Global Secured Notes in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of beneficial interests transferred pursuant to subparagraph (B) or (D) above.

Beneficial interests in an Unrestricted Global Secured Note cannot be exchanged for, or transferred to Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of, a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Secured Note.

(c)                                  Transfer or Exchange of Beneficial Interests for Definitive Secured Notes.

(i)                                Beneficial Interests in Restricted Global Secured Notes to Restricted Definitive Secured Notes.  If any Holder of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Secured Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Restricted Definitive Secured Note or to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a Restricted Definitive Secured Note, then, upon receipt by the Registrar of the following documentation:

(A)                               if the Holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Secured Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Restricted Definitive Secured Note, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit D hereto, including the certifications in item (2)(a) thereof;

(B)                               if such beneficial interest is being transferred to a QIB in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act, a certificate to the effect set forth in Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof;

(C)                               if such beneficial interest is being transferred to a Non-U.S. Person in an offshore transaction in accordance with Rule 903 or Rule 904 under the Securities Act, a certificate to the effect set forth in Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof;

(D)                               if such beneficial interest is being transferred pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act in accordance with Rule 144 under the Securities Act, a certificate to the effect set forth in Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(a) thereof;

(E)                                if such beneficial interest is being transferred to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, a certificate to the effect set forth in Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(b) thereof; or

(F)                                 if such beneficial interest is being transferred pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, a certificate to the effect set forth in Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(c) thereof,

the Trustee shall cause the aggregate principal amount of the applicable Global Secured Note to be reduced accordingly pursuant to Section 2.06(h) of this Secured Indenture, and the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Person designated in the instructions a Restricted Definitive Secured Note in the appropriate principal amount.  Any Restricted Definitive Secured Note issued in exchange for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Secured Note pursuant to this Section 2.06(c) shall be registered in such name or names and in

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such authorized denomination or denominations as the Holder of such beneficial interest shall instruct the Registrar through instructions from the Depositary and the Participant or Indirect Participant.  The Trustee shall deliver such Restricted Definitive Secured Notes to the Persons in whose names such Secured Notes are so registered.  Any Restricted Definitive Secured Note issued in exchange for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Secured Note pursuant to this Section 2.06(c)(i) shall bear the Private Placement Legend and shall be subject to all restrictions on transfer contained therein.

(ii)                                Beneficial Interests in Restricted Global Secured Notes to Unrestricted Definitive Secured Notes.  A Holder of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Secured Note may exchange such beneficial interest for an Unrestricted Definitive Secured Note or may transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Secured Note only if:

(A)                               such exchange or transfer is effected pursuant to an Exchange Offer in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement and the Holder of such beneficial interest, in the case of an exchange, or the transferee, in the case of a transfer, certifies in the applicable Letter of Transmittal that it is not (1) a Broker-Dealer, (2) a Person participating in the distribution of the Secured Exchange Notes or (3) a Person who is an “affiliate” (as defined in Rule 144) of the Company;

(B)                               such transfer is effected pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement;

(C)                               such transfer is effected by a Broker-Dealer pursuant to the Exchange Offer Registration Statement in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement; or

(D)                               the Registrar receives the following:

(y)                                 if the Holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Secured Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Definitive Secured Note that does not bear the Private Placement Legend, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit D hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(b) thereof; or

(z)                                  if the Holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Secured Note proposes to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of a Definitive Secured Note that does not bear the Private Placement Legend, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof,

and, in each such case set forth in this subparagraph (D), if the Registrar so requests or if the Applicable Procedures so require, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and that the restrictions on transfer contained in this Secured Indenture and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

If any such transfer is effected pursuant to subparagraph (B) or (D) above at a time when an Unrestricted Global Secured Note has not yet been issued, the Company shall issue and, upon receipt of an Authentication Order in accordance with Section 2.02 of this Secured Indenture, the Trustee shall authenticate one or more Unrestricted Global Secured Notes in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of beneficial interests transferred pursuant to subparagraph (B) or (D) above.

(iii)                                 Beneficial Interests in Unrestricted Global Secured Notes to Unrestricted Definitive Secured Notes.  If any Holder of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Secured Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Definitive Secured Note or to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a Definitive Secured Note, then, upon satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 2.06(b)(ii) of this Secured Indenture, the Trustee shall cause the aggregate principal amount of the applicable Global Secured Note to be reduced accordingly pursuant to Section 2.06(h) of this Secured Indenture, and the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Person designated in the instructions a Definitive

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Secured Note in the appropriate principal amount.  Any Definitive Secured Note issued in exchange for a beneficial interest pursuant to this Section 2.06(c)(iii) shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denomination or denominations as the Holder of such beneficial interest shall instruct the Registrar through instructions from the Depositary and the Participant or Indirect Participant.  The Trustee shall deliver such Definitive Secured Notes to the Persons in whose names such Secured Notes are so registered.  Any Definitive Secured Note issued in exchange for a beneficial interest pursuant to this Section 2.06(c)(iii) shall not bear the Private Placement Legend.

(d)                                 Transfer and Exchange of Definitive Secured Notes for Beneficial Interests.

(i)                                Restricted Definitive Secured Notes to Beneficial Interests in Restricted Global Secured Notes.  If any Holder of a Restricted Definitive Secured Note proposes to exchange such Secured Note for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Secured Note or to transfer such Restricted Definitive Secured Notes to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Secured Note, then, upon receipt by the Registrar of the following documentation:

(A)                               if the Holder of such Restricted Definitive Secured Note proposes to exchange such Secured Note for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Secured Note, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit D hereto, including the certifications in item (2)(b) thereof;

(B)                               if such Restricted Definitive Secured Note is being transferred to a QIB in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act, a certificate to the effect set forth in Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof; or

(C)                               if such Restricted Definitive Secured Note is being transferred to a Non-U.S. Person in an offshore transaction in accordance with Rule 903 or Rule 904 under the Securities Act, a certificate to the effect set forth in Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof,

the Trustee shall cancel the Restricted Definitive Secured Note, increase or cause to be increased the aggregate principal amount of, in the case of clause (A) above, the appropriate Restricted Global Secured Note, in the case of clause (B) above, the 144A Global Secured Note, and in the case of clause (C) above, the Regulation S Global Secured Note.

(ii) Restricted Definitive Secured Notes to Beneficial Interests in Unrestricted Global Secured Notes.  A Holder of a Restricted Definitive Secured Note may exchange such Secured Note for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Secured Note or transfer such Restricted Definitive Secured Note to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Secured Note only if:

(A)                               such exchange or transfer is effected pursuant to the Exchange Offer in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement and the Holder, in the case of an exchange, or the transferee, in the case of a transfer, certifies in the applicable Letter of Transmittal that it is not (1) a Broker-Dealer, (2) a Person participating in the distribution of the Secured Exchange Notes or (3) a Person who is an “affiliate” (as defined in Rule 144) of the Company;

(B)                               such transfer is effected pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement;

(C)                               such transfer is effected by a Broker-Dealer pursuant to an Exchange Offer Registration Statement in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement; or

(D)                               the Registrar receives the following:

(y)                                 if the Holder of such Definitive Secured Notes proposes to exchange such Secured Notes for a beneficial interest in the Unrestricted Global Secured Note, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit D hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(c) thereof; or

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(z)                                  if the Holder of such Definitive Secured Notes proposes to transfer such Secured Notes to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in the Unrestricted Global Secured Note, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

and, in each such case set forth in this subparagraph (D), if the Registrar so requests or if the Applicable Procedures so require, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and that the restrictions on transfer contained in this Secured Indenture and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

Upon satisfaction of the conditions of any of the subparagraphs in this Section 2.06(d)(ii), the Trustee shall cancel the Definitive Secured Notes and increase or cause to be increased the aggregate principal amount of the Unrestricted Global Secured Note.

(iii)                                 Unrestricted Definitive Secured Notes to Beneficial Interests in Unrestricted Global Secured Notes.  A Holder of an Unrestricted Definitive Secured Note may exchange such Secured Note for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Secured Note or transfer such Unrestricted Definitive Secured Notes to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Secured Note at any time.  Upon receipt of a request for such an exchange or transfer, the Trustee shall cancel the applicable Unrestricted Definitive Secured Note and increase or cause to be increased the aggregate principal amount of one of the Unrestricted Global Secured Notes.

If any such exchange or transfer from an Unrestricted Definitive Secured Note or a Restricted Definitive Secured Note, as the case may be, to a beneficial interest is effected pursuant to subparagraphs (ii)(B), (ii)(D) or (iii) above at a time when an Unrestricted Global Secured Note has not yet been issued, the Company shall issue and, upon receipt of an Authentication Order in accordance with Section 2.02 of this Secured Indenture, the Trustee shall authenticate one or more Unrestricted Global Secured Notes in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of Unrestricted Definitive Secured Notes or Restricted Definitive Secured Notes, as the case may be, so transferred.

(e)                                  Transfer and Exchange of Definitive Secured Notes for Definitive Secured Notes.  Upon request by a Holder of Definitive Secured Notes and such Holder’s compliance with the provisions of this Section 2.06(e), the Registrar shall register the transfer or exchange of Definitive Secured Notes.  Prior to such registration of transfer or exchange, the requesting Holder shall present or surrender to the Registrar the Definitive Secured Notes duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instruction of transfer in form satisfactory to the Registrar duly executed by such Holder or by its attorney, duly authorized in writing.  In addition, the requesting Holder shall provide any additional certifications, documents and information, as applicable, required pursuant to the following provisions of this Section 2.06(e).

(i)                                     Restricted Definitive Secured Notes to Restricted Definitive Secured Notes.  Any Restricted Definitive Secured Note may be transferred to and registered in the name of Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of a Restricted Definitive Secured Note if the Registrar receives the following:

(A)                               if the transfer will be made pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof;

(B)                               if the transfer will be made pursuant to Rule 903 or Rule 904, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof; and

(C)                               if the transfer will be made pursuant to any other exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including, if the Registrar so requests, a certification or Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Company to the effect that such transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act.

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(ii)                                Restricted Definitive Secured Notes to Unrestricted Definitive Secured Notes.  Any Restricted Definitive Secured Note may be exchanged by the Holder thereof for an Unrestricted Definitive Secured Note or transferred to a Person or Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Secured Note if:

(A)                               such exchange or transfer is effected pursuant to an Exchange Offer in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement and the Holder, in the case of an exchange, or the transferee, in the case of a transfer, certifies in the applicable Letter of Transmittal that it is not (1) a Broker-Dealer, (2) a Person participating in the distribution of the Secured Exchange Notes or (3) a Person who is an “affiliate” (as defined in Rule 144) of the Company;

(B)                               any such transfer is effected pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement;

(C)                               any such transfer is effected by a Broker-Dealer pursuant to an Exchange Offer Registration Statement in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement; or

(D)                               the Registrar receives the following:

(y)                                 if the Holder of such Restricted Definitive Secured Notes proposes to exchange such Secured Notes for an Unrestricted Definitive Secured Note, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit D hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(d) thereof; or

(z)                                  if the Holder of such Restricted Definitive Secured Notes proposes to transfer such Secured Notes to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Secured Note, a certificate from such Holder in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof; and, in each such case set forth in this subparagraph (D), if the Registrar so requests, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Company to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and that the restrictions on transfer contained in this Secured Indenture and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

(iii)                                 Unrestricted Definitive Secured Notes to Unrestricted Definitive Secured Notes.  A Holder of Unrestricted Definitive Secured Notes may transfer such Secured Notes to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Secured Note.  Upon receipt of a request to register such a transfer, the Registrar shall register the Unrestricted Definitive Secured Notes pursuant to the instructions from the Holder thereof.

(f)                                   Exchange Offer.  Upon the occurrence of an Exchange Offer in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company shall issue and, upon receipt of an Authentication Order in accordance with Section 2.02 of this Secured Indenture, the Trustee shall authenticate (i) one or more Unrestricted Global Secured Notes in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the beneficial interests in the Restricted Global Secured Notes tendered for acceptance by Persons that certify in the applicable Letters of Transmittal that (x) they are not Broker-Dealers, (y) they are not participating in a distribution of the Secured Exchange Notes and (z) they are not “affiliates” (as defined in Rule 144) of the Company, and accepted for exchange in an Exchange Offer and (ii) Definitive Secured Notes in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Restricted Definitive Secured Notes accepted for exchange in an Exchange Offer.  Concurrently with the issuance of such Secured Notes, the Trustee shall cause the aggregate principal amount of the applicable Restricted Global Secured Notes to be reduced accordingly, and the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Persons designated by the Holders of Restricted Definitive Secured Notes so accepted Unrestricted Definitive Secured Notes in the appropriate principal amount.

(g)                                  Legends.  The following legends shall appear on the face of all Global Secured Notes and Definitive Secured Notes issued under this Secured Indenture unless specifically stated otherwise in the applicable provisions of this Secured Indenture.

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(i)                                Private Placement Legend.

(A)                               Except as permitted by subparagraph (B) below, each Global Secured Note (other than an Unrestricted Global Secured Note) and each Definitive Secured Note (and all Secured Notes issued in exchange therefor or substitution thereof) shall bear the Private Placement Legend.

(B)                               Notwithstanding the foregoing, any Global Secured Note or Definitive Secured Note issued pursuant to subparagraphs (b)(iv), (c)(ii), (c)(iii), (d)(ii), (d)(iii), (e)(ii), (e)(iii) or (f) to this Section 2.06 (and all Secured Notes issued in exchange therefor or substitution thereof) shall not bear the Private Placement Legend.

(ii)                                Global Secured Note Legend.  Each Global Secured Note shall bear the Global Secured Note Legend.

(h)                                 Cancellation and/or Adjustment of Global Secured Notes.  At such time as all beneficial interests in a particular Global Secured Note have been exchanged for Definitive Secured Notes or a particular Global Secured Note has been redeemed, repurchased or canceled in whole and not in part, each such Global Secured Note shall be returned to or retained and canceled by the Trustee in accordance with Section 2.11 of this Secured Indenture.  At any time prior to such cancellation, if any beneficial interest in a Global Secured Note is exchanged for or transferred to a Person who will take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Global Secured Note or for Definitive Secured Notes, the principal amount of Secured Notes represented by such Global Secured Note shall be reduced accordingly and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Secured Note by the Trustee or by the Depositary at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such reduction; and if the beneficial interest is being exchanged for or transferred to a Person who will take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Global Secured Note, the principal amount of Secured Notes on such other Global Secured Note shall be increased accordingly and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Secured Note by the Trustee or by the Depositary at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such increase.

(i)                                     General Provisions Relating to Transfers and Exchanges.

(i)                                To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate Global Secured Notes and Definitive Secured Notes upon the Company’s written order or at the Registrar’s written request.

(ii)                                No service charge shall be made to a Holder of a beneficial interest in a Global Secured Note or to a Holder of a Definitive Secured Note for any registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith (other than any such transfer taxes or similar governmental charge payable upon exchange or transfer pursuant to Sections 2.10, 3.06, 3.08, 3.09 and 9.05 of this Secured Indenture).

(iii)                                 The Registrar shall not be required to register the transfer of or exchange any Secured Note selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Secured Note being redeemed in part.

(iv)                                All Global Secured Notes and Definitive Secured Notes issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Global Secured Notes or Definitive Secured Notes shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits of this Secured Indenture, as the Global Secured Notes or Definitive Secured Notes surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

(v)                                   The Company shall not be required (A) to issue, to register the transfer of or to exchange any Secured Notes during a period beginning at the opening of business on a Business Day 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of Secured Notes for redemption under Section 3.02 of this Secured Indenture and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing or (B) to register the transfer of or to exchange any Secured Note so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Secured Note being redeemed in part.

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(vi)                               Prior to due presentment for the registration of a transfer of any Secured Note, the Trustee, any Agent and the Company may deem and treat the Person in whose name any Secured Note is registered as the absolute owner of such Secured Note for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of and interest on such Secured Notes and for all other purposes, and none of the Trustee, any Agent or the Company shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

(vii)                                The Trustee shall authenticate Global Secured Notes and Definitive Secured Notes in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.02 of this Secured Indenture.

(viii)                                 All certifications, certificates and Opinions of Counsel required to be submitted to the Registrar pursuant to this Section 2.06 to effect a registration of transfer or exchange may be submitted by facsimile.

(ix)                               The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Secured Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Secured Note (including any transfers between or among Depositary participants or beneficial owners of interests in any Global Secured Note) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by the terms of, this Secured Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof.

(x)                               Neither the Trustee nor any Agent shall have any responsibility or liability for any actions taken or not taken by the Depositary.

SECTION 2.07                                 Replacement Secured Notes.

If any mutilated Secured Note is surrendered to the Trustee, or the Company and the Trustee receive evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Secured Note, the Company shall issue and the Trustee, upon the written order of the Company signed by two Officers of the Company, shall authenticate a replacement Secured Note if the Trustee’s requirements for replacements of Secured Notes are met.  If required by the Trustee or the Company, an indemnity bond must be supplied by the Holder that is sufficient in the judgment of the Trustee and the Company to protect the Company, the Trustee, any Agent or any authenticating agent from any loss which any of them may suffer if a Secured Note is replaced.  Each of the Company and the Trustee may charge for its expenses in replacing a Secured Note.

Every replacement Secured Note is an obligation of the Company.

SECTION 2.08                                 Outstanding Secured Notes.

The Secured Notes outstanding at any time are all the Secured Notes authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation and those described in this Section 2.08 as not outstanding.

If a Secured Note is replaced pursuant to Section 2.07 of this Secured Indenture, it ceases to be outstanding unless the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Secured Note is held by a protected purchaser.

If the principal amount of any Secured Note is considered paid under Section 4.01 of this Secured Indenture, it shall cease to be outstanding and interest on it shall cease to accrue.

Subject to Section 2.09 of this Secured Indenture, a Secured Note does not cease to be outstanding because the Company, a Subsidiary of the Company or an Affiliate of the Company holds the Secured Note.

SECTION 2.09                                 Treasury Secured Notes.

In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Secured Notes have concurred in any direction, waiver or consent, Secured Notes owned by the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company or any

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Affiliate of the Company shall be considered as though not outstanding, except that for purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in conclusively relying on any such direction, waiver or consent, only Secured Notes which a Responsible Officer knows to be so owned shall be so considered.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, Secured Notes that are to be acquired by the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company or an Affiliate of the Company pursuant to an exchange offer, tender offer or other agreement shall not be deemed to be owned by the Company, a Subsidiary of the Company or an Affiliate of the Company until legal title to such Secured Notes passes to the Company, such Subsidiary or such Affiliate, as the case may be.

SECTION 2.10                                 Temporary Secured Notes.

Until definitive Secured Notes are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Secured Notes.  Temporary Secured Notes shall be substantially in the form of definitive Secured Notes but may have variations that the Company and the Trustee consider appropriate for temporary Secured Notes.  Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee, upon receipt of the written order of the Company signed by two Officers of the Company, shall authenticate definitive Secured Notes in exchange for temporary Secured Notes.  Until such exchange, temporary Secured Notes shall be entitled to the same rights, benefits and privileges as definitive Secured Notes.

SECTION 2.11                                 Cancellation.

The Company at any time may deliver Secured Notes to the Trustee for cancellation.  The Registrar and Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Secured Notes surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange or payment.  The Trustee shall cancel all Secured Notes surrendered for registration of transfer, exchange, payment, replacement or cancellation and shall dispose of canceled Secured Notes in accordance with its customary procedures (subject to the record retention requirement of the Exchange Act), unless the Company directs in writing canceled Secured Notes to be returned to it.  The Company may not issue new Secured Notes to replace Secured Notes that it has redeemed or paid or that have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.  All canceled Secured Notes held by the Trustee shall be disposed of and certification of their disposition delivered to the Company, unless by a written order, signed by two Officers of the Company, the Company shall direct that canceled Secured Notes be returned to it.

SECTION 2.12                                 Defaulted Interest.

If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on the Secured Notes, it shall pay the defaulted interest in any lawful manner plus, to the extent lawful, interest payable on the defaulted interest, to the Persons who are Holders of the Secured Notes on a subsequent special record date, which date shall be at the earliest practicable date but in all events at least five Business Days prior to the payment date, in each case at the rate provided in the Secured Notes.  The Company shall, with the consent of the Trustee, fix or cause to be fixed each such special record date and payment date.  At least 15 days before the special record date, the Company (or the Trustee, in the name of and at the expense of the Company) shall mail to Holders of the Secured Notes a notice that states the special record date, the related payment date and the amount of such interest to be paid.

SECTION 2.13                                 Record Date.

The record date for purposes of determining the identity of Holders of the Secured Notes entitled to vote or consent to any action by vote or consent authorized or permitted under this Secured Indenture shall be determined as provided for in TIA Section 316(c).

SECTION 2.14                                 CUSIP Number.

The Company in issuing the Secured Notes may use one or more “CUSIP” numbers and, if it does so, the Trustee shall use the CUSIP number(s) in notices of redemption or exchange as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP number(s) printed in the notice or on the Secured Notes and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification

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numbers printed on the Secured Notes.  The Company will promptly notify the Trustee in writing of any change in the CUSIP number(s).

ARTICLE 3

REDEMPTION

SECTION 3.01                                 Notices to Trustee.

If the Company elects to redeem Secured Notes pursuant to the optional redemption provisions of Section 3.07 of this Secured Indenture, it shall furnish to the Trustee, at least 30 days (unless a shorter period is acceptable to the Trustee) but not more than 60 days before a redemption date, an Officers’ Certificate setting forth (i) the redemption date, (ii) the principal amount of Secured Notes to be redeemed and (iii) the redemption price.  If the Company is required to make the redemption pursuant to Section 3.08 of this Secured Indenture, it shall furnish the Trustee, at least one but not more than 10 Business Days before a redemption date, an Officers’ Certificate setting forth (i) the redemption date and (ii) the redemption price.

SECTION 3.02                                 Selection of Secured Notes to Be Redeemed.

If less than all of the Secured Notes are to be redeemed at any time, the selection of Secured Notes for redemption will be made by the Trustee in compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which the Secured Notes are listed, or, if the Secured Notes are not so listed, on a pro rata basis, by lot or in accordance with any other method the Trustee deems fair and appropriate in accordance with DTC procedures; provided that no Secured Notes with a principal amount of $2,000 or less shall be redeemed in part.  In the event of partial redemption by lot, the particular Secured Notes to be redeemed shall be selected, unless otherwise provided herein, not less than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the redemption date by the Trustee from the outstanding Secured Notes not previously called for redemption.

The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the Secured Notes selected for redemption and, in the case of any Secured Note selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.  Secured Notes and portions of them selected shall be in amounts of $2,000 or whole multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof; except that if all of the Secured Notes of a Holder are to be redeemed, the entire outstanding amount of Secured Notes held by such Holder, even if not equal to $2,000 or a multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof, shall be redeemed.  Except as provided in the preceding sentence, provisions of this Secured Indenture that apply to Secured Notes called for redemption also apply to portions of Secured Notes called for redemption.

SECTION 3.03                                 Notice of Redemption.

Subject to the provisions of Section 3.08 and Section 3.09 of this Secured Indenture, at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a redemption date, the Company shall mail or cause to be mailed, by first class mail, a notice of redemption to each Holder whose Secured Notes are to be redeemed at its registered address.

The notice shall identify the Secured Notes to be redeemed (including CUSIP numbers) and shall state:

(i)                  the redemption date;

(ii)               the redemption price;

(iii)            if any Secured Note is being redeemed in part only, the portion of the principal amount of such Secured Note to be redeemed and that, after the redemption date upon surrender of such Secured Note, a new Secured Note or Secured Notes in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion shall be issued in the name of the Holder thereof upon cancellation of the original Secured Note;

(iv)           the name and address of the Paying Agent;

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(v)              that Secured Notes called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;

(vi)           that, unless the Company defaults in making such redemption payment, interest on Secured Notes called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date;

(vii)        the paragraph of the Secured Notes and/or Section of this Secured Indenture pursuant to which the Secured Notes called for redemption are being redeemed; and

(viii)     that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP number, if any, listed in such notice or printed on the Secured Notes.

At the Company’s written request, the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption in the Company’s name and at its expense; provided that the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee, at least 35 days (unless a shorter period is acceptable to the Trustee) prior to the redemption date, an Officers’ Certificate requesting that the Trustee give such notice and setting forth the information to be stated in such notice as provided in the preceding paragraph.

SECTION 3.04                                 Effect of Notice of Redemption.

Once notice of redemption is mailed in accordance with Section 3.03 of this Secured Indenture, Secured Notes called for redemption become due and payable on the redemption date at the redemption price.

SECTION 3.05                                 Deposit of Redemption Price.

On or prior to any redemption date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the redemption price of and accrued interest on all Secured Notes to be redeemed on that date.  The Trustee or the Paying Agent shall promptly return to the Company any money deposited with the Trustee or the Paying Agent by the Company in excess of the amounts necessary to pay the redemption price of, and accrued interest on, all Secured Notes to be redeemed.

On and after the redemption date, if the Company does not default in the payment of the redemption price, interest shall cease to accrue on the Secured Notes or the portions of Secured Notes called for redemption.  If a Secured Note is redeemed on or after an interest record date but on or prior to the related interest payment date, then any accrued and unpaid interest shall be paid to the Person in whose name such Secured Note was registered at the close of business on such record date.  If any Secured Note called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender for redemption because of the failure of the Company to comply with the preceding paragraph, interest shall be paid on the unpaid principal, from the redemption date until such principal is paid, and to the extent lawful on any interest not paid on such unpaid principal, in each case at the rate provided in the Secured Notes.

SECTION 3.06                                 Secured Notes Redeemed in Part.

Upon surrender and cancellation of a Secured Note that is redeemed in part, the Company shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder of the Secured Notes at the expense of the Company a new Secured Note equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Secured Note surrendered.

SECTION 3.07                                 Optional Redemption.

Except as provided below, the Secured Notes are not redeemable at the option of the Company prior to August 1, 2026.

The Secured Notes will be subject to redemption at the option of the Company, at any time in whole, or from time to time in part, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of such Secured Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but excluding) the applicable redemption date plus the “Make-Whole Premium.”  The “Make-Whole Premium,” with respect to any Secured Note or any portion of any Secured Note to be redeemed shall be equal to the greater of:

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(a)                                 1.00% of the principal amount of such Secured Note or such portion of a Secured Note being redeemed and

(b)                                 the excess, if any, of

(i)                                the sum of the present values, calculated as of the redemption date, of:

(A)                               each interest payment that, but for the redemption, would have been payable on the Secured Note, or portion of a Secured Note, being redeemed on each interest payment date occurring after the redemption date, excluding any accrued interest for the period prior to the redemption date, plus

(B)                               the principal amount that, but for the redemption, would have been payable on the maturity date of the Secured Note, or portion of a Secured Note, being redeemed; over

(ii)                                the principal amount of the Secured Note, or portion of a Secured Note, being redeemed.

The present values of interest and principal payments referred to in clause (b)(i) above will be determined in accordance with generally accepted principles of financial analysis.  The present values will be calculated by discounting the amount of each payment of interest or principal from the date that each such payment would have been payable, but for the redemption, to the redemption date at a discount rate equal to the Treasury Yield, as defined below, plus 50 basis points.

The Company shall appoint an independent investment banking institution of national standing to calculate the Make-Whole Premium; provided that if the Company fails to appoint such an institution at least 45 days prior to the date set for redemption or if the institution that the Company appoints is unwilling or unable to make such calculation, such calculation shall be made by Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. or, if such firm fails to make such calculation, by an independent investment banking institution of national standing appointed by the Trustee (it being understood that the Trustee’s agreement to appoint such an institution is a matter of courtesy and accommodation only and the Trustee shall not be liable to any person as a result).

For purposes of determining the Make-Whole Premium, “Treasury Yield” shall refer to an annual rate of interest equal to the weekly average yield to maturity of United States Treasury Notes that have a constant maturity that corresponds to the remaining term to maturity of the Secured Notes being redeemed, calculated to the nearest 1/12th of a year (the “Remaining Term”).  The Treasury Yield shall be determined as of the third Business Day immediately preceding the applicable redemption date.

The weekly average yields of United States Treasury Notes shall be determined by reference to the most recent statistical release published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and designated “H.15(519) Selected Interest Rates” or any successor release (the “H.15 Statistical Release”).  If the H.15 Statistical Release sets forth a weekly average yield for United States Treasury Notes having a constant maturity that is the same as the Remaining Term, then the Treasury Yield shall be equal to such weekly average yield.  In all other cases, the Treasury Yield shall be calculated by interpolation, on a straight-line basis, between the weekly average yields on the United States Treasury Notes that have a constant maturity closest to and greater than the Remaining Term and the United States Treasury Notes that have a constant maturity closest to and less than the Remaining Term, in each case as set forth in the H.15 Statistical Release.  Any weekly average yields as calculated by interpolation shall be rounded to the nearest 0.01%, with any figure of 0.005% or more being rounded upward.  If weekly average yields for United States Treasury Notes are not available in the H.15 Statistical Release or otherwise, then the Treasury Yield shall be calculated by interpolation of comparable rates selected by the independent investment banking institution.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) Holders of record on the relevant record date shall have the right to receive interest due on any interest payment date that is on or prior to the redemption date and (ii) the redemption

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price shall never be less than 100% of the principal amount of the Secured Notes being redeemed plus accrued interest to the redemption date.

In addition, prior to August 1, 2020, the Company may redeem up to 10% of the outstanding Secured Notes per year (including any Additional Secured Notes) upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ prior notice mailed by first-class mail to each holder’s registered address, at a redemption price equal to 103.000% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, to, but not including, the applicable redemption date (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date).

Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time prior to August 1, 2019, the Company may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the Secured Notes outstanding at a redemption price equal to 105.250% of the principal amount thereof, together with accrued and unpaid interest to (but excluding) such redemption date, with the net cash proceeds of any capital contributions or one or more public or private sales (including sales to Parent, regardless of whether Parent obtained such funds from an offering of Equity Interests or Indebtedness of Parent or otherwise and provided that such funds are contributed by us) of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company (other than proceeds from a sale to any Subsidiary of the Company or any employee benefit plan in which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries participates); provided that:  (a) at least 65% in aggregate of the originally issued principal amount of the Secured Notes remains outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such redemption; and (b) the sale of such Equity Interests is made in compliance with the terms of this Secured Indenture.

SECTION 3.08                                 Asset Sale Offers to Purchase.

(a)                                 In the event that, pursuant to Section 4.10 hereof, the Company shall be required to commence an Asset Sale Offer, it shall follow the procedures specified below.

(b)                                 An Asset Sale Offer shall remain open for a period of 20 Business Days following its commencement and no longer, except to the extent that a longer period is required by applicable law (the “Offer Period”).  No later than five (5) Business Days after the termination of the Offer Period (the “Purchase Date”), the Company shall apply all Excess Proceeds, as the case may be (the “Offer Amount”), to the purchase of Secured Notes and, at the Company’s option, the 2011 Secured Notes and any Additional Secured Obligations (on a pro rata basis or in accordance with applicable DTC procedures based on the accreted value or principal amount of the Secured Notes, the 2011 Secured Notes or any such Additional Secured Obligations tendered), or, if less than the Offer Amount has been tendered, all Secured Notes, 2011 Secured Notes and Additional Secured Obligations, as the case may be, tendered in response to the Asset Sale Offer.  Payment for any Secured Notes so purchased shall be made in the same manner as interest payments are made.

(c)                                  If the Purchase Date is on or after a Record Date and on or before the related Interest Payment Date, any accrued and unpaid interest, up to but excluding the Purchase Date, shall be paid to the Person in whose name a Secured Note is registered at the close of business on such Record Date, and no additional interest shall be payable to Holders who tender Secured Notes pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer.

(d)                                 Upon the commencement of an Asset Sale Offer, the Company shall send, by first-class mail, postage prepaid, a notice to each of the Holders, with a copy to the Trustee.  The notice shall contain all instructions and materials necessary to enable such Holders to tender Secured Notes pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer.  The Asset Sale Offer shall be made to all Holders and, at the Company’s option, to the holders of the 2011 Secured Notes and any Additional Secured Obligations.  The notice, which shall govern the terms of the Asset Sale Offer, shall state:

(i)                  that the Asset Sale Offer is being made pursuant to this Section 3.08 and Section 4.10 hereof and the length of time the Asset Sale Offer shall remain open;

(ii)               the Offer Amount, the purchase price and the Purchase Date;

(iii)            that any Secured Note not tendered or accepted for payment shall continue to accrue interest;

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(iv)           that, unless the Company defaults in making such payment, any Secured Note accepted for payment pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer shall cease to accrue interest on and after the Purchase Date;

(v)              that any Holder electing to have less than all of the aggregate principal amount of its Secured Notes purchased pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer may elect to have Secured Notes purchased in denominations of $2,000 or whole multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof;

(vi)           that Holders electing to have a Secured Note purchased pursuant to any Asset Sale Offer shall be required to surrender the Secured Note, with the form entitled “Option of Holder to Elect Purchase” attached to the Secured Note completed, or transfer by book-entry transfer, to the Company, the Depositary, if appointed by the Company, or a Paying Agent at the address specified in the notice at least two (2) Business Days before the Purchase Date;

(vii)        that Holders shall be entitled to withdraw their election if the Company, the Depositary or the Paying Agent, as the case may be, receives, not later than the expiration of the Offer Period, a facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of the Secured Note the Holder delivered for purchase and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing his election to have such Secured Note purchased;

(viii)     that, if the aggregate principal amount of Secured Notes and, at the Company’s option, the aggregate principal amount of the 2011 Secured Notes and any Additional Secured Obligations, as the case may be, surrendered pursuant to such Asset Sale Offer by the Holders thereof exceeds the Offer Amount, the Trustee shall select the Secured Notes, and the applicable agent or the Company shall select the 2011 Secured Notes and such Additional Secured Obligations, as the case may be, to be purchased on a pro rata basis or in accordance with applicable DTC procedures based on the accreted value or principal amount of the Secured Notes, the 2011 Secured Notes or any such Additional Secured Obligations as the case may be (with such adjustments as may be deemed appropriate by the Trustee so that only Secured Notes in denominations of $2,000 or whole multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof are purchased);

(ix)           that Holders whose Secured Notes were purchased only in part shall be issued new Secured Notes equal in principal amount to the unpurchased portion of the Secured Notes surrendered (or transferred by book-entry transfer) representing the same indebtedness to the extent not repurchased; and

(x)              any other procedures the Holders must follow in order to tender their Secured Notes (or portions thereof) for payment and the procedures that Holders must follow in order to withdraw an election to tender Secured Notes (or portions thereof) for payment.

(e)                                  On or before the Purchase Date, the Company shall, to the extent lawful, (1) accept for payment, on a pro rata basis as described in clause (d)(viii) of this Section 3.08, the Offer Amount of Secured Notes or portions thereof validly tendered pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer, or if less than the Offer Amount has been tendered, all Secured Notes tendered and (2) deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee the Secured Notes properly accepted together with an Officer’s Certificate stating the aggregate principal amount of Secured Notes or portions thereof so tendered.

(f)                                   The Company, the Depositary or the Paying Agent, as the case may be, shall promptly mail or deliver to each tendering Holder an amount equal to the purchase price of the Secured Notes properly tendered by such Holder and accepted by the Company for purchase, and the Company shall promptly issue a new Secured Note, and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Authentication Order, shall authenticate and mail or deliver (or cause to be transferred by book-entry) such new Secured Note to such Holder (it being understood that, notwithstanding anything in this Secured Indenture to the contrary, no Opinion of Counsel or Officer’s Certificate of the Company is required for the Trustee to authenticate and mail or deliver such new Secured Note) in a principal amount equal to any unpurchased portion of the Secured Note surrendered representing the same indebtedness to the extent not repurchased.  Any Secured Note not so accepted shall be promptly mailed or delivered by the Company to the Holder thereof.  The Company shall publicly announce the results of the Asset Sale Offer on or as soon as practicable after the Purchase Date.

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(g)                                  Prior to 11:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the purchase date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the purchase price of and accrued and unpaid interest on all Secured Notes to be purchased on that purchase date.  The Trustee or the Paying Agent shall promptly, and in any event within two Business Days, return to the Company any money deposited with the Trustee or the Paying Agent by the Company in excess of the amounts necessary to pay the purchase price of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, all Secured Notes to be redeemed.

(h)                                 Other than as specifically provided in this Section 3.08 or Section 4.10 hereof, any purchase pursuant to this Section 3.08 shall be made pursuant to the applicable provisions of Sections 3.01 through 3.06 hereof, and references therein to “redeem,” “redemption” and similar words shall be deemed to refer to “purchase,” “repurchase” and similar words, as applicable.  To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with Section 4.10, this Section 3.08 or other provisions of this Secured Indenture, the Company shall comply with applicable securities laws and regulations and shall not be deemed to have breached its obligations under Section 4.10, this Section 3.08 or such other provision by virtue of such compliance.

SECTION 3.09                                 Mandatory Redemption.

The Company shall not be required to make any mandatory redemption or sinking fund payments with respect to the Secured Notes.

ARTICLE 4

COVENANTS

SECTION 4.01                                 Payment of Secured Notes.

The Company shall pay or cause to be paid the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Secured Notes on the dates and in the manner provided in the Secured Notes.  Principal, premium, if any, and interest shall be considered paid on the date due if the Paying Agent, if other than the Company, holds as of 10:00 a.m. Eastern Time on the due date money deposited by or on behalf of the Company in immediately available funds and designated for and sufficient to pay all principal, premium, if any, and interest then due.

The Company shall pay interest (including post-petition interest in any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law) on overdue principal at the rate equal to the then applicable interest rate on the Secured Notes to the extent lawful; it shall pay interest (including post-petition interest in any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law) on overdue installments of interest (without regard to any applicable grace period) at the same rate to the extent lawful.

SECTION 4.02                                 Maintenance of Office or Agency.

The Company shall maintain an office or agency (which may be an office of the Trustee or an affiliate of the Trustee, Registrar or co-registrar) where Secured Notes may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Secured Notes and this Secured Indenture may be served.  The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency.  If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Services of the Trustee.

The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Secured Notes may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency for such purposes.  The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.

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The Company hereby designates the Corporate Trust Services of the Trustee as one such office or agency of the Company in accordance with Section 2.03 of this Secured Indenture.

SECTION 4.03                                 Reports.

(a)                                 Whether or not required by the SEC, so long as any Secured Notes are outstanding, the Company will furnish to the holders of Secured Notes, or file electronically with the SEC through the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System (or any successor system), within the time periods that would be applicable to the Company if it were subject to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as a non-accelerated filer:

(1)                                 all quarterly and annual financial information that would be required to be contained in a filing with the SEC on Forms 10-Q and 10-K if the Company were required to file these Forms (taking into account, if applicable, the Company’s status as a subsidiary of an SEC-reporting company), including a “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and, with respect to the annual information only, a report on the annual financial statements by the Company’s certified independent accountants (it being understood that no report on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting will be required); and

(2)                                 all current reports that would be required to be filed with the SEC on Form 8-K if the Company were required to file these reports (taking into account, if applicable, the Company’s status as a subsidiary of an SEC-reporting company).

(b)                                 In addition, whether or not required by the SEC, the Company will file a copy of all of the information and reports referred to in Section 4.03(a)(1) and (2) with the SEC for public availability within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations for a non-accelerated filer required to file reports under Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (unless the SEC will not accept the filing) and make the information available to prospective investors upon request.  The Company will not take any action (including, following the consummation of the exchange offer contemplated by the Registration Rights Agreement, terminating its registration under Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) for the purpose of causing the SEC not to accept such filings.  For so long as any Secured Notes remain outstanding, the Company will furnish to the holders and to prospective investors, upon their request, the information required to be delivered pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act.

SECTION 4.04                                 Compliance Certificate.

(a)                                 The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, an Officers’ Certificate stating that a review of the activities of the Company and its Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the supervision of the signing Officers with a view to determining whether each has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its obligations under this Secured Indenture and further stating, as to each such Officer signing such certificate, that to the best of his or her knowledge each entity has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each and every covenant contained in this Secured Indenture and is not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of this Secured Indenture including, without limitation, a default in the performance or breach of Section 4.07, Section 4.09, Section 4.10 or Section 4.15 of this Secured Indenture (or, if a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred, describing all such Defaults or Events of Default of which he or she may have knowledge and what action each is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto) and that to the best of his or her knowledge no event has occurred and remains in existence by reason of which payments on account of the principal of or interest, if any, on the Secured Notes is prohibited or if such event has occurred, a description of the event and what action each is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.

(b)                                 The Company shall, so long as any of the Secured Notes are outstanding, deliver to the Trustee, forthwith upon any Officer becoming aware of (i) any Default or Event of Default, or (ii) any default under any Indebtedness referred to in Section 6.01(f) or (g) of this Secured Indenture, an Officers’ Certificate specifying such Default, Event of Default or default and what action the Company or any of its Affiliates is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.

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SECTION 4.05                                 Taxes.

The Company shall pay, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to pay, prior to delinquency, all material taxes, assessments, and governmental levies except as contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings or where the failure to effect such payment is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders of the Secured Notes.

SECTION 4.06                                 Stay, Extension and Usury Laws.

The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, that may affect the covenants or the performance of this Secured Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it shall not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but shall suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law has been enacted.

SECTION 4.07                                 Limitation on Restricted Payments.

Neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries may, directly or indirectly:

(a)                                 declare or pay any dividend or make any distribution on account of any Equity Interests of the Company other than dividends or distributions payable in Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company;

(b)                                 purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Equity Interests of EchoStar Corporation, any Wholly Owned Subsidiary of EchoStar Corporation that beneficially owns 100% of the Company’s Equity Interests (but only so long as EchoStar Corporation beneficially owns 100% of the Equity Interests of such subsidiary), the Company or any of their respective Subsidiaries or Affiliates, other than any such Equity Interests owned by the Company or by any Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary;

(c)                                  purchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Secured Notes or the Guarantees, except:

(i)                                in accordance with the scheduled mandatory redemption, sinking fund or repayment provisions set forth in the original documentation governing such Indebtedness, and

(ii)                                the purchase, repurchase or other acquisition of subordinated Indebtedness with a stated maturity earlier than the maturity of the Secured Notes or the Guarantees purchased in anticipation of satisfying a payment of principal at the stated maturity thereof, within one year of such stated maturity;

(d)                                 declare or pay any dividend or make any distribution on account of any Equity Interests of any Restricted Subsidiary, other than:

(i)                                to the Company or any Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary; or

(ii)                                to all holders of any class or series of Equity Interests of such Restricted Subsidiary on a pro rata basis; provided that in the case of this clause (ii), such dividends or distributions may not be in the form of Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock; or

(e)                                  make any Restricted Investment;

(all such prohibited payments and other actions set forth in clauses (a) through (e) being collectively referred to as “Restricted Payments”), unless, at the time of such Restricted Payment:

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(i)                  no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would occur as a consequence thereof;

(ii)               after giving effect to such Restricted Payment and the incurrence of any Indebtedness the net proceeds of which are used to finance such Restricted Payment, the Indebtedness to Cash Flow Ratio of the Company would not have exceeded 6.00 to 1.00; and

(iii)            such Restricted Payment, together with the aggregate of all other Restricted Payments made by the Company after June 1, 2011, is less than the sum of:

(A)                               the difference of

(x)                                 cumulative Consolidated Cash Flow of the Company determined at the time of such Restricted Payment (or, in case such Consolidated Cash Flow shall be a deficit, minus 100% of such deficit); minus

(y)                                 1.4 times the Consolidated Interest Expense of the Company,

each as determined for the period (taken as one accounting period) from June 1, 2011 to the end of the Company’s most recently ended fiscal quarter for which internal financial statements are available at the time of such Restricted Payment; plus

(B)                               an amount equal to 100% of the aggregate net cash proceeds (other than the net cash proceeds received from EchoStar Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries that are used to consummate the 2011 Transactions) and, in the case of proceeds consisting of assets used in or constituting a business permitted under Section 4.16 of this Secured Indenture, 100% of the fair market value of the aggregate net proceeds other than cash received by the Company either from capital contributions from Parent, or from the issue or sale (including an issue or sale to Parent which is contributed to us) of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company (other than Equity Interests sold to any Subsidiary of the Company), since June 1, 2011; plus

(C)                               if any Unrestricted Subsidiary is designated by the Company as a Restricted Subsidiary, an amount equal to the fair market value of the net Investment by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in such Subsidiary at the time of such designation; provided, however, that the foregoing sum shall not exceed the amount of the Investments made by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in any such Unrestricted Subsidiary since June 1, 2011; plus

(D)                               100% of any cash dividends and other cash distributions received by the Company and its Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiaries from an Unrestricted Subsidiary since June 1, 2011 to the extent not included in the cumulative Consolidated Cash Flow of the Company; plus

(E)                                to the extent not included in clauses (A) through (D) above, an amount equal to the net reduction in Investments of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries since June 1, 2011 resulting from payments in cash of interest on Indebtedness, dividends, or repayment of loans or advances, or other transfers of property, in each case, to the Company or to a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary or from the net cash proceeds from the sale, conveyance or other disposition of any such Investment; provided, however, that the foregoing sum shall not exceed, with respect to any Person in whom such Investment was made, the amount of Investments previously made by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in such Person which were included in computations made pursuant to this clause (iii).

The foregoing provisions will not prohibit the following (provided that with respect to clauses (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (14), (20) and (23) below, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing):

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(1)                                 the payment of any dividend or distribution within 60 days after the date of declaration thereof, if at such date of declaration such payment would have complied with the provisions of this Secured Indenture;

(2)                                 the redemption, repurchase, retirement or other acquisition of any Equity Interests of the Company or subordinated Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor in exchange for, or out of the net proceeds of the substantially concurrent capital contribution from Parent or from the substantially concurrent issue or sale (including to Parent) of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company (other than Equity Interests issued or sold to any Subsidiary of the Company);

(3)                                 Investments in an aggregate amount not to exceed the greater of $150.0 million and 3.75% of Consolidated Net Tangible Assets plus, to the extent not included in Consolidated Cash Flow, an amount equal to the net reduction in such Investments resulting from payments in cash of interest on Indebtedness, dividends or repayment of loans or advances, or other transfers of property, in each case, to the Company or to a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary or from the net cash proceeds from the sale, conveyance or other disposition of any such Investment; provided, however, that the foregoing sum shall not exceed, with respect to any Person in whom such Investment was made, the amount of Investments previously made by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in such Person pursuant to this clause (3);

(4)                                 cash dividends or distributions to the extent required for the purchase, redemption, repurchase or other acquisition or retirement for value of employee stock options to purchase Capital Stock of Parent or Company, or Capital Stock of Parent or Company issued pursuant to any management equity plan, stock option plan or other management or employee benefit plan or agreement, in an aggregate amount not to exceed $25.0 million in any calendar year;

(5)                                 a Permitted Refinancing;

(6)                                 Investments in an amount equal to 100% of the aggregate net proceeds (whether or not in cash) received by the Company or any Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary from capital contributions from Parent (other than the net cash proceeds received by EchoStar Corporation or any of its subsidiaries that are used to consummate the 2011 Transactions or from the issue and sale (including a sale to Parent) of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company (other than Equity Interests issued or sold to a Subsidiary of Parent), on or after June 8, 2011; plus, to the extent not included in Consolidated Cash Flow, an amount equal to the net reduction in such Investments resulting from payments in cash of interest on Indebtedness, dividends, or repayment of loans or advances, or other transfers of property, in each case, to the Company or to a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary or from the net cash proceeds from the sale, conveyance, or other disposition of any such Investment; provided, however, that the foregoing amount shall not exceed, with respect to any Person in whom such Investment was made, the amount of Investments previously made by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in such Person pursuant to this clause (6) in each case, provided that such Investments are in businesses of the type described under Section 4.16 of this Secured Indenture;

(7)                                 Investments in businesses strategically related to businesses described in Section 4.16 of this Secured Indenture in an aggregate amount not to exceed $400.0 million outstanding at any time;

(8)                                 Investments made as a result of the receipt of non-cash proceeds from Asset Sales made in compliance with Section 4.10 of this Secured Indenture or any disposition not constituting an Asset Sale and Investments entered into in connection with an acquisition of assets used in or constituting a business permitted under Section 4.16 of this Secured Indenture as a result of “earn-outs” or other deferred payments or similar obligations;

(9)                                 any Investment existing on the Issue Date and any Investments made pursuant to binding commitments in effect on the Issue Date;

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(10)                          any Investment acquired by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary (a) in exchange for any other Investment or accounts receivable held by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in connection with or as a result of a bankruptcy, workout, reorganization or recapitalization of the issuer of such other Investment or accounts receivable or (b) as a result of a foreclosure by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary with respect to any secured Investment or other transfer of title with respect to any secured Investment in default;

(11)                          Hedging Obligations permitted under Section 4.09 of this Secured Indenture;

(12)                          Investments consisting of the licensing or contribution of intellectual property pursuant to joint marketing arrangements with other Persons;

(13)                          Investments consisting of purchases and acquisitions of inventory, supplies, materials and equipment or purchases of contract rights or licenses or leases of intellectual property in each case in the ordinary course of business;

(14)                          additional Investments in joint ventures of the Company or any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries existing on the Issue Date in an aggregate amount not to exceed $50.0 million outstanding at any one time;

(15)                          Investments of a Restricted Subsidiary acquired after the Issue Date or of an entity merged into, amalgamated with, or consolidated with a Restricted Subsidiary in a transaction that is not prohibited by Section 5.01 of this Secured Indenture after the Issue Date to the extent such Investments were not made in contemplation of such acquisition, merger, amalgamation or consolidation and were in existence on the date of such acquisitions, merger, amalgamation or consolidation;

(16)                          any Investment in the Secured Notes or the Unsecured Notes or in any of the 2011 Notes;

(17)                          the redemption, repurchase, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of subordinated Indebtedness, including premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest, with the proceeds of, or in exchange for:  (a) the proceeds of a capital contribution or a substantially concurrent offering of, shares of Capital Stock of the Company (or options, warrants or other rights to acquire such Capital Stock), or (b) Indebtedness that is at least as subordinated in right of payment to the Secured Notes, including premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest, as the Indebtedness being redeemed, repurchased, defeased, acquired or retired and with a final maturity equal to or greater than, and a Weighted Average Life to Maturity equal to or greater than, the final maturity and Weighted Average Life to Maturity, respectively, of the Indebtedness being redeemed, repurchased, defeased, acquired or retired;

(18)                          repurchases of Equity Interests deemed to occur upon (a) the exercise of stock options, warrants or convertible securities issued as compensation if such Equity Interests represent a portion of the exercise price thereof and (b) the withholding of a portion of the Equity Interests granted or awarded to an employee to pay taxes associated therewith (or a dividend or distribution to finance such a deemed repurchase by Parent);

(19)                          amounts paid by the Company to Parent or any other Person with which the Company is included in a consolidated tax return equal to the amount of federal, state and local income taxes payable in respect of the income of the Company and its Subsidiaries, including without limitation, any payments made in accordance with tax allocation agreements between the Company and its Affiliates in effect from time to time;

(20)                          the making of a Restricted Payment so long as, after giving effect to any such Restricted Payment the aggregate amount of such Restricted Payments made pursuant to this clause (20) shall not exceed $150.0 million;

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(21)                          amounts paid to any direct or indirect parent company in amounts required for any direct or indirect parent company to pay customary salaries, bonuses and other benefits of any direct or indirect parent company, to the extent such salaries, bonuses and other benefits are attributable to the ownership or operation of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries;

(22)                          the making of any payments to fund the 2011 Transactions and the fees and expenses related thereto; and

(23)                          the making of a Restricted Payment so long as after giving effect to any such Restricted Payment the Indebtedness to Cash Flow Ratio would not be greater than 2.50 to 1.00.

Restricted Payments made pursuant to clauses (1), (2), (6) or (17) (but only to the extent that net proceeds received by the Company as set forth in such clause (2), (6) or (17) were included in the computations made in clause (iii)(B) of the first paragraph of this Section 4.07) or (23) shall be included as Restricted Payments in any computation made pursuant to clause (iii) of the first paragraph of this Section 4.07.

Restricted Payments made pursuant to clauses (3), (4), (5), (6), (17) (but only to the extent that net proceeds received by the Company as set forth in such clause (6) or (17) were not included in the computations made in clause (iii)(B) of the first paragraph of this Section 4.07), (7), (8), (9), (10), (11), (12), (13), (14), (15), (16), (18), (19), (20), (21) and (22) shall not be included as Restricted Payments in any computation made pursuant to clause (iii) of the first paragraph of this Section 4.07.

If the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary makes an Investment that was included in computations made pursuant to this Section 4.07 and the Person in which such Investment was made subsequently becomes a Restricted Subsidiary that is a Guarantor, to the extent such Investment resulted in a reduction in the amounts calculated under clause (iii) of the first paragraph of or under any other provision of this Section 4.07, then such amount shall be increased by the amount of such reduction.

SECTION 4.08                                 Limitations on Dividend and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries.

The Company shall not, and shall not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, create or otherwise cause or suffer to exist or become effective any encumbrance or restriction on the ability of any Restricted Subsidiary to:

(a)                                 pay dividends or make any other distribution to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries on its Capital Stock or with respect to any other interest or participation in, or measured by, its profits, or pay any Indebtedness owed to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;

(b)                                 make loans or advances to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; or

(c)                                  transfer any of its properties or assets to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; except for such encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reasons of:

(i)                                Existing Indebtedness and existing agreements as in effect on the Issue Date;

(ii)                                applicable law or regulation;

(iii)                                 any instrument governing Acquired Debt as in effect at the time of acquisition (except to the extent such Indebtedness was incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such acquisition), which encumbrance or restriction is not applicable to any Person, or the properties or assets of any Person, other than the Person, or the property or assets of the Person, so acquired; provided that the Consolidated Cash Flow of such Person shall not be taken into account in determining whether such acquisition was permitted by the terms of this Secured Indenture, except to the extent that dividends or other distributions are permitted notwithstanding such encumbrance or restriction and could have been distributed;

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(iv)                               by reason of customary non-assignment provisions in leases entered into in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practices;

(v)                               Refinancing Indebtedness (as defined in Section 4.09 of this Secured Indenture); provided that the restrictions contained in the agreements governing such Refinancing Indebtedness are no more restrictive than those contained in the agreements governing the Indebtedness being refinanced;

(vi)                               this Secured Indenture or any of the Secured Notes or the Unsecured Indenture or any of the Unsecured Notes;

(vii)                                Permitted Liens; or

(viii)                                 any agreement for the sale of any Subsidiary or its assets that restricts distributions by that Subsidiary pending its sale; provided that during the entire period in which such encumbrance or restriction is effective, such sale (together with any other sales pending) would be permitted under the terms of this Secured Indenture.

SECTION 4.09                                 Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness.

(a)                                 The Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, issue, assume, guarantee or otherwise become directly or indirectly liable with respect to (collectively, “incur”) any Indebtedness (including Acquired Debt); provided, however, that, notwithstanding the foregoing the Company and any Guarantor may incur Indebtedness (including Acquired Debt), if, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness and the application of the net proceeds thereof on a pro forma basis (including, in the case of an acquisition, merger or other business combination giving pro forma effect to such transaction), the Indebtedness to Cash Flow Ratio of the Company would not have exceeded 6.00 to 1.00.

(b)                                 The foregoing limitation will not apply to any of the following incurrences of Indebtedness:

(1)                                 Indebtedness represented by the Secured Notes issued on the Issue Date and the Guarantees thereof;

(2)                                 the incurrence by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of Deferred Payments and letters of credit with respect thereto;

(3)                                 Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed the greater of $150.0 million and 3.75% of Consolidated Net Tangible Assets at any one time outstanding;

(4)                                 Indebtedness between and among the Company and any Restricted Subsidiaries;

(5)                                 Acquired Debt of a Person incurred prior to the date upon which such Person was acquired by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary (excluding Indebtedness incurred by such entity other than in the ordinary course of its business in connection with, or in contemplation of, such entity being so acquired);

provided that at the time of such transaction after giving pro forma effect thereto as if such transaction had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, either

(a)                                 the Company would be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Indebtedness to Cash Flow Ratio test set forth in Section 4.09(a), or

(b)                                 the Company’s Indebtedness to Cash Flow Ratio is equal to or less than immediately prior to such transaction;

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(6)                                 Existing Indebtedness;

(7)                                 (a) In an aggregate principal amount not to exceed the greater of $150.0 million and 3.75% of Consolidated Net Tangible Assets at any one time outstanding, the incurrence of Purchase Money Indebtedness and Capital Lease Obligations by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in an amount not to exceed the cost of construction, lease, acquisition or improvement of assets used in any business permitted under Section 4.16 of this Secured Indenture, as well as any launch costs and insurance premiums related to such assets and (b) Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary under Capital Lease Obligations with respect to AMC-15, AMC-16, Nimiq 5, QuetzSat-1, EchoStar 105/SES-11, EUTELSAT 65 West A and Telesat T19V (63 West) and no more than one additional satellite and any replacement satellite for any of the foregoing satellites at any time, as well as any launch costs and insurance premiums related to such assets;

(8)                                 the incurrence by the Company or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries of Hedging Obligations that are incurred in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes, including without limitation Hedging Obligations covering the principal amount of Indebtedness entered into in order to protect the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries from fluctuation in interest rates on Indebtedness;

(9)                                 Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in respect of performance, bid and appeal bonds or completion guarantees, letters of credit of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or surety bonds provided by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary incurred in the ordinary course of business and on ordinary business terms in connection with the businesses permitted under Section 4.16 of this Secured Indenture;

(10)                          the incurrence by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of Indebtedness issued in exchange for, or the proceeds of which are used to extend, refinance, renew, replace, substitute or refund in whole or in part Indebtedness referred to in Section 4.09(a) or in Sections 4.09(b)(1), (2), (5), (6) or (7) above, this Section 4.09(b)(10) or Section 4.09(b)(17) (“Refinancing Indebtedness”); provided, however, that:

(A)                               the principal amount of such Refinancing Indebtedness shall not exceed the principal amount and accrued interest of the Indebtedness so exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, substituted or refunded and any premiums payable and reasonable fees, expenses, commissions and costs in connection therewith;

(B)                               the Refinancing Indebtedness shall have a final maturity equal to or later than, and a Weighted Average Life to Maturity equal to or greater than, the final maturity and Weighted Average Life to Maturity, respectively, of the Indebtedness being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, substituted or refunded; and

(C)                               the Refinancing Indebtedness shall be subordinated in right of payment to the Secured Notes and the Guarantees, if at all, on terms at least as favorable to the holders of Secured Notes as those contained in the documentation governing the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, substituted or refunded (a “Permitted Refinancing”);

(11)                          the guarantee by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of Indebtedness of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary that was permitted to be incurred by another provision of this Section 4.09;

(12)                          Indebtedness incurred by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary under a revolving credit facility, and any extension, amendment or amendment and restatement thereof, not to exceed $100.0 million;

(13)                          Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary owed to (including obligations in respect of letters of credit for the benefit of) any Person in connection with workers’ compensation, health, disability or other employee benefits or property, casualty or liability insurance provided by such

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Person to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to reimbursement or indemnification obligations to such Person, in each case incurred in the ordinary course of business and consistent with industry practices;

(14)                          Indebtedness arising from agreements of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary providing for indemnification, adjustment of purchase price or similar obligations, in each case incurred in connection with the disposition of any business, assets or a Subsidiary of the Company in accordance with the terms of this Secured Indenture, other than guarantees of Indebtedness incurred by any Person acquiring all or any portion of such business, assets or Subsidiary for the purpose of financing such acquisition;

(15)                          Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to the Equipment Financing Agreements;

(16)                          Replacement Satellite Vendor Indebtedness in an aggregate principal amount outstanding at any one time not to exceed the greater of $150.0 million and 3.75% of Consolidated Net Tangible Assets; and

(17)                          Indebtedness represented by the $750,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 6.625% Senior Notes due 2026 issued on the Issue Date (the “Unsecured Notes”) and the guarantees thereof.

For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 4.09, if an item of Indebtedness meets the criteria of more than one of the categories described in Section 4.09(b)(1) through (17) above or is permitted to be incurred pursuant to Section 4.09(a) and also meets the criteria of one or more of the categories described in Section 4.09(b)(1) through (17) above, the Company shall, in its sole discretion, classify such item of Indebtedness in any manner that complies with this Section 4.09 and may from time to time reclassify such item of Indebtedness in any manner in which such item could be incurred at the time of such reclassification.  Accrual of interest and the accretion of accreted value will not be deemed to be an incurrence of Indebtedness for purposes of this Section 4.09.

SECTION 4.10                                 Asset Sales.

(a)                                 The Company will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, cause or make an Asset Sale, unless:

(1)                                 the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, receives consideration at the time of such Asset Sale at least equal to the fair market value (as determined in good faith by the Company) of the assets sold or otherwise disposed of;

(2)                                 at least 75% of the consideration therefor received by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, is in the form of cash, Cash Equivalents, Marketable Securities or Replacement Assets and/or any asset which is promptly (and in no event later than 365 days after the date of transfer to the Company or Restricted Subsidiary) converted into cash, provided that to the extent that such conversion is at a price that is less than the fair market value (as determined in good faith by the Company) of such asset at the time of the Asset Sale in which such asset was acquired, the Company or Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, shall be deemed to have made a Restricted Payment in the amount by which such fair market value exceeds the cash received upon conversion or a combination of the foregoing; provided that the following shall be deemed to be cash for the purposes of this clause (2):  (x) Designated Non-Cash Consideration received by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in such Asset Sale, if such Designated Non-Cash Consideration, taken together with all other Designated Non-Cash Consideration received pursuant to this clause (x), does not exceed the greater of $75.0 million or 2.50% of Consolidated Net Tangible Assets at the time of the receipt of such Designated Non-Cash Consideration (with the fair market value of each item of Designated Non-Cash Consideration being measured at the time received and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value) and (y) the amount of any liabilities of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary that are assumed by or on behalf of the transferee in connection with an Asset Sale (and from which the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary are unconditionally released); provided further that in the case of an Asset Sale involving software or intellectual property, consideration comprising

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undertakings to pay cash or Cash Equivalents or Marketable Securities over time or at future dates, whether such payments are fixed, contingent or otherwise, shall be deemed to be cash provided that, when received, such cash, Cash Equivalents or Marketable Securities shall be included in determining Net Proceeds from such Asset Sale for purposes of this Secured Indenture;

(3)                                 to the extent that any consideration received by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in such Asset Sale constitutes securities or other assets that are of a type or class that constitute Collateral, such securities or other assets, including the assets of any Person that becomes a Guarantor as a result of such transaction, are concurrently with their acquisition added to the Collateral securing the Secured Notes in the manner and to the extent required in this Secured Indenture or any of the Security Documents; and

(4)                                 the Net Proceeds from any such Asset Sale of Collateral are paid directly by the purchaser thereof to the Collateral Agent to be held in trust in an Asset Sale Proceeds Account for application in accordance with this covenant.

Section 4.10(a)(2) shall not apply to any Asset Sale:

(x)                                 where assets not essential to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries’ business are contributed to a joint venture between the Company or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries and a third party that is not an Affiliate of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, provided that following the sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition, the Company or one of its Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiaries owns 50% or more of the voting and equity interest in such joint venture or has the right to appoint 50% or more of the board of directors or governing body of such joint venture; or

(y)                                 to the extent the consideration therefor received by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries would constitute Indebtedness or Equity Interests of a Person that is not an Affiliate of Parent, the Company or one of their respective Subsidiaries, provided that the acquisition of such Indebtedness or Equity Interests is permitted under Section 4.07 of this Secured Indenture.

(b)                                 Within 365 days after the Company’s or a Restricted Subsidiary’s receipt of the Net Proceeds of any Asset Sale covered by this clause (a), the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, at its option, may apply the Net Proceeds from such Asset Sale:

(1)                                 to make one or more offers to the holders of the Secured Notes (and, at the option of the Company, the holders of 2011 Secured Notes and Additional Secured Obligations) to purchase Secured Notes (and such 2011 Secured Notes and Additional Secured Obligations) pursuant to and subject to the conditions in this Secured Indenture (each, an “Asset Sale Offer”); provided, however, that if the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary shall so reduce any 2011 Secured Notes or Additional Secured Obligations, the Company will make an offer to all holders of Secured Notes to purchase at a purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, the pro rata principal amount of the Secured Notes, such offer to be conducted in accordance with the procedures set forth below for an Asset Sale Offer but without any further limitation in amount; provided further that that any such Net Proceeds shall be applied in accordance with the Security Agreement;

(2)                                 to an investment in (a) any one or more businesses; provided that such investment in any business is in the form of the acquisition of Capital Stock such that it constitutes a Restricted Subsidiary, (b) capital expenditures or (c) acquisitions of other assets, in each of (a), (b) and (c), used or useful in a Permitted Business;

(3)                                 to an investment in (a) any one or more businesses; provided that such investment in any business is in the form of the acquisition of Capital Stock such that it constitutes a Restricted Subsidiary, (b) properties or (c) other assets that, in each of (a), (b) and (c), replace the businesses, properties and assets that are the subject of such Asset Sale; or

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(4)                                 to the extent such Net Proceeds are not from Asset Sales of Collateral, to permanently reduce Indebtedness of a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Guarantor, other than Indebtedness owed to the Company, a Guarantor or another Restricted Subsidiary.

(c)                                  Pending the final application of any Net Proceeds from Asset Sales in accordance with clauses (b)(1) through (b)(4) above that are not required to be held in an Asset Sale Proceeds Account, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries may temporarily reduce Indebtedness or otherwise apply such Net Proceeds in any manner not prohibited by this Secured Indenture.  Any binding commitment to apply Net Proceeds to invest in accordance with clauses (b)(2) or (b)(3) above shall be treated as a permitted application of Net Proceeds so long as the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary enters into such commitment with the good faith expectation that such Net Proceeds will be applied to satisfy such commitment within 365 days of such commitment; provided that if such commitment is later canceled or terminated for any reason such Net Proceeds shall constitute “Excess Proceeds” (as defined below).  Any Net Proceeds from the Asset Sales covered by this clause (c) that are not invested or applied as provided and within the time period set forth in the first sentence of the immediately preceding clause (b) will be deemed to constitute “Excess Proceeds.”  When the aggregate amount of Excess Proceeds exceeds $50.0 million, the Company shall make an Asset Sale Offer to all holders of the Secured Notes, and, at the Company’s option, to the holders of the 2011 Secured Notes and any Additional Secured Obligations, to purchase the maximum principal amount of Secured Notes, 2011 Secured Notes and such Additional Secured Obligations, that are $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof that may be purchased out of the Excess Proceeds at an offer price in cash in an amount equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date fixed for the closing of such offer, in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 3.08 of this Secured Indenture.  The Company will commence an Asset Sale Offer with respect to Excess Proceeds within ten business days after the date that Excess Proceeds exceeds $50.0 million by mailing the notice required pursuant to the terms of this Secured Indenture, with a copy to the Trustee.  To the extent that the aggregate amount of Secured Notes, 2011 Secured Notes and such Additional Secured Obligations (and any other Indebtedness) tendered pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer is less than the Excess Proceeds, the Company may use any remaining Excess Proceeds (“Unutilized Excess Proceeds”) for any purpose not prohibited by the terms of this Secured Indenture.  If the aggregate principal amount of Secured Notes, 2011 Secured Notes or the Additional Secured Obligations surrendered by such holders thereof exceeds the amount of Excess Proceeds, the Trustee shall select the Secured Notes and the applicable agent or the Company shall select such 2011 Secured Notes or such Additional Secured Obligations to be purchased on a pro rata basis or in accordance with the applicable DTC procedures based on the accreted value or principal amount of the Secured Notes or such 2011 Secured Notes or Additional Secured Obligations tendered.  Upon completion of any such Asset Sale Offer, the amount of Excess Proceeds shall be reset at zero.  After the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary has applied the Net Proceeds from any Asset Sale of any Collateral as provided in, and within the time periods required by, this paragraph (c), any Unutilized Excess Proceeds shall be released by the Collateral Agent to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary for use by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary for any purpose not prohibited by the terms of this Secured Indenture.

SECTION 4.11                                 Limitation on Transactions with Affiliates.

The Company shall not and shall not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its or their properties or assets to, or purchase any property or assets from, or enter into any contract, agreement, understanding, loan, advance or guarantee with, or for the benefit of, any Affiliate (including any Unrestricted Subsidiary) (each of the foregoing, an “Affiliate Transaction”), unless:

(a)                                 such Affiliate Transaction is on terms that are no less favorable to the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries than those that would have been obtained in a comparable transaction by the Company or such Subsidiaries with an unrelated Person; and

(b)                                 if such Affiliate Transaction involves aggregate payments in excess of $100.0 million, such Affiliate Transaction has either (i) been approved by a majority of the disinterested members of the Company’s Board of Directors or EchoStar Corporation’s (or if EchoStar Corporation no longer beneficially owns a majority of the voting power of the Company’s Equity Interests, the then direct parent of the Company’s board of directors) board of directors and by the Company’s Board of Directors or a committee thereof or (ii) if there are no disinterested members of the Company’s Board of Directors or EchoStar Corporation’s board of directors (or if EchoStar Corporation no longer beneficially owns a majority of the voting

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power of the Company’s Equity Interests, the then direct parent of the Company’s board of directors), the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary has obtained the favorable opinion of an independent expert as to the fairness of such Affiliate Transaction to the Company or the relevant Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, from a financial point of view, and the Company delivers to the Trustee no later than ten Business Days following a request from the Trustee a resolution of the Company’s Board of Directors set forth in an Officers’ Certificate certifying that such Affiliate Transaction has been so approved and complies with clause (a) above;

provided, however, that

(i)                                          the payment of reasonable fees, compensation or employee benefit arrangements to, and any indemnity provided for the benefit of, directors, officers, consultants or employees of Parent and its Subsidiaries;

(ii)                                       transactions between or among the Company and its Wholly Owned Subsidiaries (other than Unrestricted Subsidiaries);

(iii)                                    any issuance of securities, or other payments, awards or grants in cash, securities or otherwise pursuant to, or the funding of employment arrangements, stock options and stock ownership plans approved by the Board of Directors;

(iv)                                   transactions in the ordinary course of business, including loans, expense allowances, reimbursements or extensions of credit (including indemnity arrangements) between the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries on the one hand, and any employee of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, on the other hand;

(v)                                      the granting and performance of registration rights for shares of Capital Stock of the Company under a written registration rights agreement approved by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors that are disinterested with respect to these transactions;

(vi)                                   transactions with Affiliates solely in their capacity as holders of Indebtedness or Capital Stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, so long as a significant amount of Indebtedness or Capital Stock of the same class is also held by Persons that are not Affiliates of the Company and these Affiliates are treated no more favorably than holders of the Indebtedness or the Capital Stock generally;

(vii)                                (x) Restricted Payments that are permitted by Section 4.07 of this Secured Indenture and (y) Permitted Investments;

(viii)                             any transactions pursuant to agreements in effect on the Issue Date and any modifications, extensions or renewals thereof that are no less favorable to the Company or the applicable Restricted Subsidiary than such agreement as in effect on the Issue Date;

(ix)                                   any transactions under which Parent or any of its controlled Affiliates (other than the Company and its controlled Affiliates) leases to or from the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries any satellite or any satellite capacity;

(x)                                      the provision of services to Parent and its Affiliates by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, or the receipt of services from Parent and its Affiliates by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, so long as no cash or other assets are transferred by the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries, or by Parent and its Affiliates, in connection with such transactions (other than up to $50.0 million in cash in any fiscal year and other than nonmaterial assets used in the operations of the business in the ordinary course pursuant to the agreement governing the provision of the services), and so long as such transaction or agreement is determined by a majority of the members of the Company’s Board of Directors to be fair to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries when taken together with all other such transactions and agreements entered into with Parent and its Affiliates;

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(xi)                                   the disposition of assets of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries in exchange for assets of Parent and its Affiliates so long as (i) the value to the Company in its business of the assets it receives is determined by a majority of the members of Company’s Board of Directors to be substantially equivalent or greater than the value to Company in its business of the assets disposed of and (ii) the assets acquired by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries constitute properties and capital assets (including Capital Stock of an entity owning such property or assets) to be used by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in a business permitted by Section 4.16 of this Secured Indenture;

(xii)                                sales of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) to Affiliates of the Company;

(xiii)                             any transactions between the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and any Affiliate of the Company the Equity Interests of which Affiliate are owned solely by the Company or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and by Persons who are not Affiliates of the Company or Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company, on the other hand;

(xiv)                            transactions with EchoStar Corporation (or if EchoStar Corporation no longer beneficially owns a majority of the voting power of the Company’s Equity Interests, the then direct parent of the Company), DISH Network Corporation or any of their respective controlled Affiliates that have been approved by (a) a majority of the members of the audit committee of the EchoStar Corporation (or if EchoStar Corporation no longer beneficially owns a majority of the voting power of the Company’s Equity Interests, the then direct parent of the Company) board of directors or a special committee of the EchoStar Corporation (or if EchoStar Corporation no longer beneficially owns a majority of the voting power of the Company’s Equity Interests, the then direct parent of the Company) board of directors consisting solely of members of the EchoStar Corporation (or if EchoStar Corporation no longer beneficially owns a majority of the voting power of the Company’s Equity Interests, the then direct parent of the Company) board of directors who are not officers or employees of DISH Network Corporation or any of its controlled Affiliates (in the case of a transaction with DISH Network Corporation or any of its controlled Affiliates) or EchoStar Corporation (or if EchoStar Corporation no longer beneficially owns a majority of the voting power of the Company’s Equity Interests, the then direct parent of the Company) or any of its controlled Affiliates (in the case of a transaction with EchoStar Corporation (or if EchoStar Corporation no longer beneficially owns a majority of the voting power of the Company’s Equity Interests, the then direct parent of the Company) or any of its controlled Affiliates) and (b) the Company’s Board of Directors or a committee thereof as the Company deems appropriate;

(xv)                               the 2011 Transactions and the payment of fees and expenses related thereto;

(xvi)                            overhead and other ordinary-course allocations of costs and services on a reasonable basis so long as such arrangements are comparable to arrangements made on an arm’s length basis;

(xvii)                         allocations of tax liabilities and other tax-related items among the Company and its Affiliates based principally upon the financial income, taxable income, credits and other amounts directly related to the respective parties, to the extent that the share of such liabilities and other items allocable to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries shall not exceed the amount that such Persons would have been responsible for as a direct taxpayer;

(xviii)                      arrangements or agreements regarding the use of intellectual property between the Company and its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and Parent and its Affiliates, on the other hand;

(xix)                            arrangements or agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business providing for the acquisition or provision of goods and services; and

(xx)                               amendments, modifications, renewals or replacements from time to time of any of the contracts, arrangements, services or other matters referred to or contemplated by any of the foregoing items; provided that any such amendments, modifications, renewals or replacements shall not be on terms materially less advantageous to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries;

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shall, in each case, not be deemed Affiliate Transactions.

SECTION 4.12                                 Limitation on Liens.

The Company shall not, and shall not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien on any asset now owned or hereafter acquired, or on any income or profits therefrom or assign or convey any right to receive income therefrom, except Permitted Liens.  Solely for purposes of this Section 4.12 of this Secured Indenture, at any time during any Suspension Period during which specified covenants do not apply pursuant to Section 4.21 of this Secured Indenture, “Restricted Subsidiaries” shall mean the Restricted Subsidiaries on the Business Day immediately prior to the first day of the applicable Suspension Period.

SECTION 4.13                                 Additional Guarantors.

(a)                                 If after the Issue Date the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary acquires or creates another Restricted Subsidiary and such Restricted Subsidiary is a Domestic Subsidiary (other than an Immaterial Subsidiary), that newly acquired or created Restricted Subsidiary shall, unless prohibited by law from guaranteeing the Secured Notes, (i) become a Guarantor and execute a supplemental indenture to this Secured Indenture satisfactory to the Trustee and deliver an Opinion of Counsel to the Trustee within 30 days of the date on which such Subsidiary was acquired or created and (ii) execute joinders to Security Documents or new Security Documents and take all actions required thereunder and hereunder to perfect the liens created thereunder, in each case.

(b)                                 The obligations under the Secured Notes, the Guarantees and the Secured Indenture, the 2011 Secured Notes and any Additional Secured Obligations of any Person that is or becomes a Guarantor after the Issue Date will be secured equally and ratably by a Lien on the Collateral granted to the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the holders of the Secured Notes, the 2011 Secured Notes and the holders of Additional Secured Obligations.  Such Guarantor will enter into a joinder agreement to the applicable Security Documents defining the terms of the security interests that secure payment and performance when due of the Secured Notes and take all actions advisable in the opinion of the Company, as set forth in an Officers’ Certificate accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel to the Company and the Collateral Agent, to cause the Liens created by the Security Documents to be duly perfected to the extent required by such agreement in accordance with all applicable laws, including the filing of financing statements in the jurisdictions of incorporation or formation of the Company and the Guarantors.

SECTION 4.14                                 Corporate Existence.

Subject to Article 5 of this Secured Indenture, the Company shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect (i) its existence as a corporation, and subject to Section 4.10 of this Secured Indenture, the corporate, partnership or other existence of any Restricted Subsidiary, in accordance with the respective organizational documents (as the same may be amended from time to time) of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary and (ii) subject to Section 4.10 of this Secured Indenture, the rights (charter and statutory), licenses and of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right, license or franchise, or the corporate, partnership or other existence of any Restricted Subsidiary if the Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and that the loss thereof is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders of the Secured Notes.

SECTION 4.15                                 Offer to Purchase Upon Change of Control.

Upon the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Company shall be required to make an offer (a “Change of Control Offer”) to each Holder of Secured Notes to repurchase all or any part (equal to $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof) of such Holder’s Secured Notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon to (but excluding) the date of repurchase (the “Change of Control Payment”).  Within 30 days following any Change of Control, the Company shall mail a notice to each Holder stating:

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(a)                                 that the Change of Control Offer is being made pursuant to this Section 4.15 of this Secured Indenture;

(b)                                 the purchase price and the purchase date, which shall be no earlier than 30 days nor later than 60 days after the date such notice is mailed (the “Change of Control Payment Date”);

(c)                                  that any Secured Notes not tendered will continue to accrue interest in accordance with the terms of this Secured Indenture;

(d)                                 that, unless the Company defaults in the payment of the Change of Control Payment, all Secured Notes accepted for payment pursuant to the Change of Control Offer shall cease to accrue interest after the Change of Control Payment Date;

(e)                                  that Holders will be entitled to withdraw their election if the Paying Agent receives, not later than the close of business on the second Business Day preceding the Change of Control Payment Date, a facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of Secured Notes delivered for purchase, and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing his election to have such Secured Notes purchased;

(f)                                   that Holders whose Secured Notes are being purchased only in part will be issued new Secured Notes equal in principal amount to the unpurchased portion of the Secured Notes surrendered, which unpurchased portion must be equal to $2,000 in principal amount or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof; and

(g)                                  any other information material to such Holder’s decision to tender Secured Notes.

The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the extent such laws and regulations are applicable in connection with the repurchase of the Secured Notes required in the event of a Change of Control.

SECTION 4.16                                 Limitation on Activities of the Company.

The Company will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, engage in any business other than Permitted Businesses and other activities that, taken as a whole, are immaterial to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries.

SECTION 4.17                                 Taking and Destruction.

Upon any Taking or Destruction, all Net Insurance Proceeds received by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary shall be deemed Net Proceeds derived from Collateral and shall be applied in accordance with and, in the time periods required by Section 4.10(b); provided that Net Insurance Proceeds received in respect of a satellite and related assets need not be used in such 365 day time period set forth in Section 4.10(b) or (c) provided that the Company has entered into a binding agreement within such time period to acquire another satellite and related assets consideration equal to or greater than the Net Insurance Proceeds.

SECTION 4.18                                 Accounts Receivable Subsidiary.

The Company:

(a)                                 may, and may permit any of its Subsidiaries to, notwithstanding the provisions of Section 4.07 of this Secured Indenture, make Investments in an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary:

(i)                                the proceeds of which are applied within five Business Days of the making thereof solely to finance:

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(A)                               the purchase of accounts receivable of the Company and its Subsidiaries; or

(B)                               payments required in connection with the termination of all then existing arrangements relating to the sale of accounts receivable or participation interests therein by an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary (provided that the Accounts Receivable Subsidiary shall receive cash, Cash Equivalents and accounts receivable having an aggregate fair market value not less than the amount of such payments in exchange therefor); and

(ii)                                in the form of Accounts Receivable Subsidiary Notes to the extent permitted by clause (b) below;

(b)                                 shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, sell accounts receivable to an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary except for consideration in an amount not less than that which would be obtained in an arm’s length transaction and solely in the form of cash or Cash Equivalents; provided that an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary may pay the purchase price for any such accounts receivable in the form of Accounts Receivable Subsidiary Notes so long as, after giving effect to the issuance of any such Accounts Receivable Subsidiary Notes, the aggregate principal amount of all Accounts Receivable Subsidiary Notes outstanding shall not exceed 20% of the aggregate purchase price paid for all outstanding accounts receivable purchased by an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary since the Issue Date (and not written off or required to be written off in accordance with the normal business practice of an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary);

(c)                                  shall not permit an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary to sell any accounts receivable purchased from the Company or its Subsidiaries or participation interests therein to any other Person except on an arm’s length basis and solely for consideration in the form of cash or Cash Equivalents or certificates representing undivided interests of a Receivables Trust; provided an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary may not sell such certificates to any other Person except on an arm’s length basis and solely for consideration in the form of cash or Cash Equivalents;

(d)                                 shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, enter into any guarantee, subject any of their respective properties or assets (other than the accounts receivable sold by them to an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary) to the satisfaction of any liability or obligation or otherwise incur any liability or obligation (contingent or otherwise), in each case, on behalf of an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary or in connection with any sale of accounts receivable or participation interests therein by or to an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary, other than obligations relating to breaches of representations, warranties, covenants and other agreements of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to the accounts receivable sold by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary or with respect to the servicing thereof; provided that neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall at any time guarantee or be otherwise liable for the collectability of accounts receivable sold by them;

(e)                                  shall not permit an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary to engage in any business or transaction other than the purchase and sale of accounts receivable or participation interests therein of the Company and its Subsidiaries and activities incidental thereto;

(f)                                   shall not permit an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary to incur any Indebtedness other than the Accounts Receivable Subsidiary Notes, Indebtedness owed to the Company and Non-Recourse Indebtedness; provided that the aggregate principal amount of all such Indebtedness of an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary shall not exceed the book value of its total assets as determined in accordance with GAAP;

(g)                                  shall cause any Accounts Receivable Subsidiary to remit to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary on a monthly basis as a distribution all available cash and Cash Equivalents not held in a collection account pledged to acquirors of accounts receivable or participation interests therein, to the extent not applied to:

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(i)                                pay interest or principal on the Accounts Receivable Subsidiary Notes or any Indebtedness of such Accounts Receivable Subsidiary owed to the Company;

(ii)                                pay or maintain reserves for reasonable operating expenses of such Accounts Receivable Subsidiary or to satisfy reasonable minimum operating capital requirements; or

(iii)                                 to finance the purchase of additional accounts receivable of the Company and its Subsidiaries; and

(h)                                 shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, sell accounts receivable to, or enter into any other transaction with or for the benefit of, an Accounts Receivable Subsidiary:

(i)                                if such Accounts Receivable Subsidiary pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:

(A)                               commences a voluntary case;

(B)                               consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case;

(C)                               consents to the appointment of a custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property;

(D)                               makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors; or

(E)                                generally is not paying its debts as they become due; or

(ii)                                if a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:

(A)                               is for relief against such Accounts Receivable Subsidiary in an involuntary case;

(B)                               appoints a Custodian of such Accounts Receivable Subsidiary or for all or substantially all of the property of such Accounts Receivable Subsidiary; or

(C)                               orders the liquidation of such Accounts Receivable Subsidiary, and, with respect to this clause (h)(ii), the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 consecutive days.

SECTION 4.19                                 [Reserved].

SECTION 4.20                                 Payments for Consent.

The Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, pay or cause to be paid any consideration, whether by way of interest, fee or otherwise, to any Holder of a Secured Note for or as an inducement to any consent, waiver or amendment of any of the terms or provisions of this Secured Indenture or the Secured Notes unless such consideration is offered to be paid or agreed to be paid to all holders of the Secured Notes that consent, waive or agree to amend in the time frame set forth in the solicitation documents relating to such consent, waiver or agreement.

SECTION 4.21                                 Suspension of Certain Covenants Under Certain Conditions.

(a)                                 If, on any date following the Issue Date, (i) the Secured Notes receive an Investment Grade rating from both Rating Agencies and (ii) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing (a “Suspension

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Event”) then, beginning on that date, the provisions of this Secured Indenture contained in Sections 3.08, 4.07, 4.08, 4.09, 4.10, 4.11, 4.16, 4.17 and 4.18 and clause (d) under Section 5.01 of this Secured Indenture (collectively, the “Suspension Covenants”) will not be applicable to the Secured Notes.

(b)                                 During any Suspension Period, the Company may not designate any of its Restricted Subsidiaries as Unrestricted Subsidiaries pursuant to the first sentence of the definition of “Unrestricted Subsidiary.”

(c)                                  In the event that the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries are not subject to the Suspension Covenants for any period of time as a result of the foregoing, and on any subsequent date (the “Reversion Date”) the condition set forth in clause (i) of this Section 4.21 is no longer satisfied, then the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries will thereafter again be subject to the Suspension Covenants with respect to future events.  The period of time between the date of the Suspension Event and the Reversion Date is referred to in this description as the “Suspension Period.”

(d)                                 On each Reversion Date, all Indebtedness incurred during the Suspension Period prior to such Reversion Date will be deemed to be Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under Section 4.09(b)(6).  For purposes of calculating the amount available to be made as Restricted Payments under clause (iii) of the first paragraph of Section 4.07, calculations under such covenant shall be made as though such covenant had been in effect during the entire period of time after the Issue Date (including the Suspension Period).  Restricted Payments made during the Suspension Period not otherwise permitted pursuant to the second paragraph of Section 4.07 will reduce the amount available to be made as Restricted Payments under clause (iii) of the first paragraph of Section 4.07.

Upon a Suspension Event, the amount of Excess Proceeds for purposes of Section 4.10 shall be set at zero.

SECTION 4.22                                 [Reserved].

SECTION 4.23                                 Non-Impairment of Security Interest.

Subject to the rights of the holders of Permitted Liens that are existing on the Issue Date or incurred after the Issue Date, the Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, take or knowingly or negligently omit to take, any action which action or omission could reasonably be expected to have the result of materially impairing the Lien with respect to the Collateral, other than the Foreign Collateral in favor of the holders of Obligations; provided that this Section 4.23 shall not prohibit the release of Guarantors pursuant to Section 11.05 hereof or the release of Collateral pursuant to Section 4.10, Section 4.17 or Article 10 hereof.

SECTION 4.24                                 After-Acquired Collateral; Further Assurances.

(a)                                 Subject to certain limitations and exceptions as set forth in the Security Agreement (including any exclusion relating to any securities or other equity interests of any of the Company’s Subsidiaries), if the Company or any Guarantor creates any additional security interest upon any property or asset, other than the Foreign Collateral, to secure any Additional Secured Obligations, it must concurrently grant a first-priority security interest (subject to Permitted Liens) upon such property as security for the Indebtedness and Obligations under the Secured Notes.  In addition, if granting a security interest in such property requires the consent of a third party, the Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain such consent with respect to the first-priority security interest for the benefit of the Collateral Agent.  If such third party does not consent to the granting of the first-priority security interest after the use of such commercially reasonable efforts, the applicable entity will not be required to provide such security interest.  The Company will not be required to pay or cause to be paid any consideration, whether by way of interest, fee or otherwise, to any third party for or as an inducement to obtain the consent of the third party.

(b)                                 The Company and the Guarantors shall execute any and all further documents, financing statements, agreements and instruments, and take all further action that may be required under applicable law, and that the Collateral Agent may reasonably request, in order to grant, preserve, protect and perfect the validity and priority of the security interests and Liens created or intended to be created by the Security Documents in the Collateral, other than the Foreign Collateral.  In addition, from time to time, the Company will reasonably promptly secure the obligations under this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents by pledging or creating, or causing to be

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pledged or created, perfected security interests and Liens with respect to the Collateral, other than the Foreign Collateral.  Such security interests and Liens will be created under the Security Documents and other security agreements, mortgages, deeds of trust and other instruments and documents as may be reasonably required.

SECTION 4.25                                 Information Regarding Collateral.

(a)                                 The Company will furnish to the Collateral Agent, with respect to the Company or any Guarantor, prompt written notice of any change in such Person’s (i) legal name, (ii) jurisdiction of organization or formation, (iii) identity or corporate structure or (iv) Organizational Identification Number.  The Company and the Guarantors will agree not to effect or permit any change referred to in the preceding sentence unless all filings have been made under the Uniform Commercial Code or otherwise that are required in order for the Collateral Agent to continue at all times following such change to have a valid, legal and perfected security interest in the Collateral, other than the Foreign Collateral.

(b)                                 Each year, at the time of delivery of the annual financial statements with respect to the preceding fiscal year pursuant to Section 4.03 hereof, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee a certificate of a financial officer of the Company setting forth the information required pursuant to the schedules required by the Security Documents or confirming that there has been no change in such information since the date of the prior annual financial statements.

ARTICLE 5

SUCCESSORS

SECTION 5.01                                 Merger, Consolidation, or Sale of Assets of the Company.

The Company shall not consolidate or merge with or into (whether or not the Company is the surviving entity), or sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties or assets in one or more related transactions to, another Person unless:

(a)                                 the Company is the surviving Person or the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company) or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition shall have been made is a corporation organized or existing under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

(b)                                 the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company) or the Person to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition shall have been made assumes all the obligations of the Company under this Secured Indenture and the Secured Notes pursuant to a supplemental indenture to this Secured Indenture in form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee;

(c)                                  immediately after such transaction no Default or Event of Default exists; and

(d)                                 the Company or the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company) or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition will have been made would, at the time of such transaction after giving pro forma effect thereto as if such transaction had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Indebtedness to Cash Flow Ratio test set forth in clause (a) of Section 4.09 of this Secured Indenture.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may merge with another Person if

(a)                                 the Company is the surviving Person;

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(b)                                 the consideration issued or paid by the Company in such merger consists solely of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company or Equity Interests of Parent; and

(c)                                  immediately after giving effect to such merger (determined on a pro forma basis), the Company’s Indebtedness to Cash Flow Ratio either (i) does not exceed 6.00 to 1.00 or (ii) does not exceed the Company’s Indebtedness to Cash Flow Ratio immediately prior to such merger.

SECTION 5.02                                 Successor Corporation Substituted.

Upon any consolidation or merger, or any sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company in accordance with Section 5.01 of this Secured Indenture, the successor corporation formed by such consolidation or into or with which the Company is merged or to which such sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such consolidation, merger, sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition, the provisions of this Secured Indenture, and the provisions of the Security Agreement referring to the Company shall refer instead to the successor corporation and not to the Company), and may exercise every right and power of the Company under this Secured Indenture and under the Security Agreement with the same effect as if such successor Person has been named as the Company, herein.

ARTICLE 6

DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

SECTION 6.01                                 Events of Default.

Each of the following constitutes an “Event of Default”:

(a)                                 default for 30 days in the payment when due of interest on the Secured Notes;

(b)                                 default in the payment when due of principal of the Secured Notes at maturity, upon repurchase, redemption or otherwise;

(c)                                  failure to comply with the provisions of Section 4.10, Section 4.11, Section 4.15 or Section 4.17 of this Secured Indenture, in each case continued for 30 days;

(d)                                 default under Section 4.07 or Section 4.09 of this Secured Indenture, which default remains uncured for 30 days, or the breach of any representation or warranty, or the making of any untrue statement, in any certificate delivered by the Company pursuant to this Secured Indenture;

(e)                                  failure by the Company for 60 days after notice from the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes to comply with any of its other agreements in this Secured Indenture or the Secured Notes;

(f)                                   default under any mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced any Indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (or the payment of which is guaranteed by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries), which default is caused by a failure to pay when due of principal or interest on such Indebtedness within the grace period provided in such Indebtedness (a “Payment Default”), and the principal amount of any such Indebtedness, together with the principal amount of any other such Indebtedness under which there has been a Payment Default, aggregates $100.0 million or more;

(g)                                  default under any mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced any Indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (or the payment of which is guaranteed by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries), which default results in the acceleration of such Indebtedness prior to its express maturity

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and the principal amount of any such Indebtedness, together with the principal amount of any other such Indebtedness under which there has been a Payment Default or the maturity of which has been so accelerated, aggregates $100.0 million or more; provided that any acceleration (other than an acceleration which is the result of a Payment Default under clause (f) above) of Indebtedness under the outstanding Deferred Payments in aggregate principal amount not to exceed $100.0 million shall be deemed not to constitute an acceleration pursuant to this clause (g);

(h)                                 failure by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to pay final judgments (other than any judgment as to which a reputable insurance company has accepted full liability) aggregating in excess of $100.0 million, which judgments are not stayed within 60 days after their entry;

(i)                                     EchoStar Corporation, any Wholly Owned Subsidiary of EchoStar Corporation that beneficially owns 100% of the Company’s Equity Interests (but only so long as EchoStar Corporation beneficially owns 100% of the Equity Interests of such subsidiary), the Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of Bankruptcy Law:  (i) commences a voluntary case; (ii) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case; (iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property; or (iv) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors;

(j)                                    a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:  (i) is for relief against EchoStar Corporation, any Wholly Owned Subsidiary of EchoStar Corporation that beneficially owns 100% of the Company’s Equity Interests (but only so long as EchoStar Corporation beneficially owns 100% of the Equity Interests of such subsidiary), the Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company in an involuntary case; (ii) appoints a custodian of EchoStar Corporation, any Wholly Owned Subsidiary of EchoStar Corporation that beneficially owns 100% of the Company’s Equity Interests (but only so long as EchoStar Corporation beneficially owns 100% of the Equity Interests of such subsidiary), the Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company or for all or substantially all of the property of EchoStar Corporation, any Wholly Owned Subsidiary of EchoStar Corporation that beneficially owns 100% of the Company’s Equity Interests (but only so long as EchoStar Corporation beneficially owns 100% of the Equity Interests of such subsidiary), the Company or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company; or (iii) orders the liquidation of EchoStar Corporation, any Wholly Owned Subsidiary of EchoStar Corporation that beneficially owns 100% of the Company’s Equity Interests (but only so long as EchoStar Corporation beneficially owns 100% of the Equity Interests of such subsidiary) or any Significant Subsidiary of the Company, and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 consecutive days;

(k)                                 any Guarantee shall be held in a judicial proceeding to be unenforceable or invalid or shall cease for any reason to be in full force and effect, or any Guarantor, or any person acting on behalf of any Guarantor, shall deny or disaffirm its obligations under its Guarantee; and

(l)                                     in each case with respect to any Collateral having a fair market value in excess of $50.0 million individually or in the aggregate, any of the Security Documents at any time for any reason is declared null and void, or shall cease to be effective in all material respects to give the Collateral Agent the Liens with the priority purported to be created thereby subject to no other Liens (in each case, other than as expressly permitted by this Secured Indenture and the applicable Security Documents or by reason of the termination of this Secured Indenture or the applicable Security Document in accordance with its terms), which declaration or cessation is not rescinded, stayed, or waived by the Persons having such authority pursuant to the Security Documents or otherwise cured within 30 days after the Company receives written notice thereof specifying such occurrence from the Trustee, the Collateral Agent or the holders of at least 25% of the outstanding principal amount of the Secured Notes.

SECTION 6.02                                 Acceleration.

If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (i) or (j) of Section 6.01 of this Secured Indenture with respect to the Company or any Guarantor) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by notice to the Company, or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may declare all the Secured Notes to be due and payable immediately. 

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Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of an Event of Default specified in clause (i) or (j) of Section 6.01 of this Secured Indenture with respect to the Company or any Guarantor, all outstanding Secured Notes shall become and be immediately due and payable without further action or notice.  Holders of the Secured Notes may not enforce this Secured Indenture or the Secured Notes except as provided in this Secured Indenture.  The Trustee may withhold from Holders of the Secured Notes notice of any continuing Default or Event of Default (except a Default or Event of Default relating to the payment of principal or interest) if it determines that withholding notice is in such Holders’ interest.  The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes by written notice to the Trustee may on behalf of all of the Holders rescind an acceleration and its consequences if the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree and if all existing Events of Default (except nonpayment of principal, interest or premium that has become due solely because of the acceleration) have been cured or waived.

In the case of any Event of Default occurring by reason of any willful action (or inaction) taken (or not taken) by or on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries with the intention of avoiding payment of the premium that the Company would have had to pay if the Company then had elected to redeem the Secured Notes pursuant to Section 3.07 of this Secured Indenture, an equivalent premium shall also become and be immediately due and payable to the extent permitted by law.

All powers of the Trustee under this Secured Indenture will be subject to applicable provisions of the Communications Act, including without limitation, the requirements of prior approval for de facto or de jure transfer of control or assignment of Title III licenses.

SECTION 6.03                                 Other Remedies.

If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy to collect the payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Secured Notes or to enforce the performance of any provision of the Secured Notes and this Secured Indenture.

The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Secured Notes or does not produce any of them in the proceeding.  A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Holder of a Secured Note in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default.  All remedies are cumulative to the extent permitted by law.

SECTION 6.04                                 Waiver of Past Defaults.

Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of Secured Notes then outstanding, by notice to the Trustee, may on behalf of the Holders of all of the Secured Notes waive an existing Default or Event of Default and its consequences under this Secured Indenture, except a continuing Default or Event of Default in the payment of interest or premium on, or principal of, the Secured Notes.  Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of this Secured Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

SECTION 6.05                                 Control by Majority.

Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for exercising any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on it.  However, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with the law or this Secured Indenture that the Trustee determines may be unduly prejudicial to the rights of other Holders of Secured Notes or that may involve the Trustee in personal liability.

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SECTION 6.06                                 Limitation on Suits.

A Holder of a Secured Note may pursue a remedy with respect to this Secured Indenture or the Secured Notes only if:

(a)                                 the Holder of a Secured Note gives to the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default;

(b)                                 the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes make a written request to the Trustee to pursue the remedy;

(c)                                  such Holder of a Secured Note or Holders of Secured Notes offer and, if requested, provide to the Trustee indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense;

(d)                                 the Trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after receipt of the request and the offer and, if requested, the provision of indemnity; and

(e)                                  during such 60-day period the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes do not give the Trustee a direction inconsistent with the request.

A Holder of a Secured Note may not use this Secured Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Holder of a Secured Note or to obtain a preference or priority over another Holder of a Secured Note (it being understood that the Trustee does not have an affirmative duty to ascertain whether or not such actions or forbearances are unduly prejudicial to such Holders).

SECTION 6.07                                 Rights of Holders of Secured Notes to Receive Payment.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Secured Indenture, the right of any Holder of a Secured Note to receive payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Secured Note, on or after the respective due dates expressed in the Secured Note, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of the Holder of the Secured Note.

SECTION 6.08                                 Collection Suit by Trustee.

If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(a) or (b) of this Secured Indenture occurs and is continuing, the Trustee is authorized to recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Company for the whole amount of principal of, premium, if any, and interest remaining unpaid on the Secured Notes and interest on overdue principal and, to the extent lawful, interest and such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

SECTION 6.09                                 Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.

The Trustee is authorized to file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and the Holders of the Secured Notes allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Company (or any other obligor upon the Secured Notes), the Company’s creditors or the Company’s property and shall be entitled and empowered to collect, receive and distribute any money or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and any custodian in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder of a Secured Note to make such payments to the Trustee, and in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders of the Secured Notes, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07 of this Secured Indenture.  To the extent that the payment of any such compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07 of this Secured Indenture out

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of the estate in any such proceeding shall be denied for any reason, payment of the same shall be secured by a Lien on, and shall be paid out of, any and all distributions, dividends, money, securities and other properties which the Holders of the Secured Notes may be entitled to receive in such proceeding whether in liquidation or under any plan of reorganization or arrangement or otherwise.  Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder of a Secured Note any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Secured Notes or the rights of any Holder of a Secured Note thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder of a Secured Note in any such proceeding.

SECTION 6.10                                 Priorities.

Subject to the terms of the Security Documents, if the Trustee collects any money pursuant to this Article, it shall pay out the money in the following order:

First:  to the Trustee, its agents and attorneys for amounts due under Section 7.07 of this Secured Indenture, including payment of all compensation, expense and liabilities incurred, and all advances made, by the Trustee and the costs and expenses of collection;

Second:  to Holders of Secured Notes for amounts due and unpaid on the Secured Notes for principal, premium, if any, and interest, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on the Secured Notes for principal, premium, if any and interest, respectively; and

Third:  to the Company or to such party as a court of competent jurisdiction shall direct.

The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Holders of Secured Notes.

SECTION 6.11                                 Undertaking for Costs.

In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Secured Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as a Trustee or against the Collateral Agent for any action taken or omitted by it as a Collateral Agent, a court in its discretion may require the filing by any party litigant in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, against any party litigant in the suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant.  This Section 6.11 does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder of a Secured Note pursuant to Section 6.07 of this Secured Indenture, or a suit by Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes.

ARTICLE 7

TRUSTEE

SECTION 7.01                                 Duties of Trustee.

(a)                                 If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Secured Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent Person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs.

(b)                                 Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:

(i)                  the duties of the Trustee shall be determined solely by the express provisions of this Secured Indenture and the Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Secured Indenture and no others, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Secured Indenture against the Trustee; and

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(ii)               in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Secured Indenture.  However, the Trustee shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Secured Indenture.

(c)                                  The Trustee may not be relieved from liabilities for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:

(i)                  this paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (a) of this Section 7.01;

(ii)               the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and

(iii)            the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 6.05 of this Secured Indenture.

(d)                                 Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Secured Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of this Section 7.01.

(e)                                  No provision of this Secured Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or incur any liability.  The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights and powers under this Secured Indenture at the request of any Holder of Secured Notes, unless such Holder shall have offered to the Trustee security and indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense.

(f)                                   The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company.  Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

SECTION 7.02                                 Rights of Trustee.

(a)                                 The Trustee may conclusively rely upon any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person.  The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document.

(b)                                 Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officers’ Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both.  The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officers’ Certificate or Opinion of Counsel.  The Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection from liability in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon.

(c)                                  The Trustee may act through its attorneys and agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed with due care.

(d)                                 The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers conferred upon it by this Secured Indenture, unless the Trustee’s conduct constitutes willful misconduct or negligence.

(e)                                  Unless otherwise specifically provided in this Secured Indenture, any demand, request, direction or notice from the Company shall be sufficient if signed by an Officer of the Company.

(f)                                   The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Secured Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.

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(g)                                  Except with respect to Section 4.01 of this Secured Indenture, the Trustee shall have no duty to inquire as to the performance of the Company’s covenants in Article 4.  In addition, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any Default or Event of Default except (i) any Event of Default occurring pursuant to Sections 4.01, 6.01(a) and 6.01(b) of this Secured Indenture or (ii) any Default or Event of Default of which the Trustee shall have received written notification or obtained actual knowledge.

(h)                                 Delivery of documents and information to the Trustee under Section 4.03 of this Secured Indenture is for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of the foregoing shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder.

(i)                                     In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including, but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.

(j)                                    The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder.

SECTION 7.03                                 Individual Rights of Trustee.

The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Secured Notes and may otherwise deal with the Company or any Affiliate of the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee.  However, in the event that the Trustee acquires any conflicting interest it must eliminate such conflict within 90 days, apply to the SEC for permission to continue as Trustee (if any of the Secured Notes are registered pursuant to the Securities Act), or resign.  Any Agent may do the same with like rights and duties.  The Trustee is also subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11 of this Secured Indenture.

SECTION 7.04                                 Trustee’s Disclaimer.

The Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Secured Indenture or the Secured Notes, it shall not be accountable for the Company’s use of the proceeds from the Secured Notes or any money paid to the Company or upon the Company’s direction under any provision of this Secured Indenture, it shall not be responsible for the use or application of any money received by any Paying Agent other than the Trustee, and it shall not be responsible for any statement or recital herein or any statement in the Secured Notes or any other document in connection with the sale of the Secured Notes or pursuant to this Secured Indenture other than its certificate of authentication.

SECTION 7.05                                 Notice of Defaults.

If a Default or Event of Default occurs and is continuing and if it is known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall mail to Holders of Secured Notes a notice of the Default or Event of Default within 90 days after it occurs.  Except in the case of a Default or Event of Default in payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Secured Note, the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as it in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of the Holders of the Secured Notes.

SECTION 7.06                                 Reports by Trustee to Holders of the Secured Notes.

Within 60 days after each May 15th beginning with the May 15th following the date of this Secured Indenture, the Trustee shall mail to the Holders of the Secured Notes a brief report dated as of such reporting date that complies with TIA Section 313(a) (but if no event described in TIA Section 313(a) has occurred within the twelve months preceding the reporting date, no report need be transmitted).  The Trustee also shall comply with TIA Section 313(b).  The Trustee shall also transmit by mail all reports as required by TIA Section 313(c).

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A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to the Holders of Secured Notes shall be mailed to the Company and filed with the SEC and each stock exchange on which any Secured Notes are listed.  The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee in writing when any Secured Notes are listed on any stock exchange or of any delisting thereof.

SECTION 7.07                                 Compensation and Indemnity.

The Company shall pay to the Trustee from time to time such compensation as agreed in writing for its acceptance of this Secured Indenture and services hereunder.  The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust.  The Company shall reimburse the Trustee promptly upon request for all reasonable disbursements, advances and expenses incurred or made by it in addition to the compensation for its services.  Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation, disbursements and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel.

The Company shall indemnify the Trustee against any and all losses, liabilities or expenses incurred by it arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of its duties under this Secured Indenture, except any such loss, liability or expense as may be attributable to the gross negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith of the Trustee.  The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly of any claim (whether asserted by the Company, a Holder, or any other Person) for which it may seek indemnity.  Failure by the Trustee to so notify the Company shall not relieve the Company of its obligations hereunder, except only to the extent the Company is prejudiced thereby.  The Company shall defend the claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense.  The Trustee may have separate counsel and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel.  The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.

The obligations of the Company under this Section 7.07 shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Secured Indenture.

To secure the Company’s payment obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a Lien prior to the Secured Notes on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal and interest on particular Secured Notes.  Such Lien shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Secured Indenture.

When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(i) or (j) of this Secured Indenture occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services (including the fees and expenses of its agents and counsel) are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.

SECTION 7.08                                 Replacement of Trustee.

A resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee’s acceptance of appointment as provided in this Section 7.08.

The Trustee may resign in writing at any time and be discharged from the trust hereby created by so notifying the Company and obtaining the prior written approval of the FCC, if so required by the Communications Act, including Section 310(d) and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.  The Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes may remove the Trustee by so notifying the Trustee and the Company in writing.  The Company may remove the Trustee (subject to the prior written approval of the FCC, if required by the Communications Act, including Section 310(d), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder) if:

(a)                                 the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10 of this Secured Indenture;

(b)                                 the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an order for relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law;

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(c)                                  the Trustee is no longer in compliance with the foreign ownership provisions of Section 310 of the Communications Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

(d)                                 a Custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or

(e)                                  the Trustee becomes incapable of acting.

If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee.  Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company.

If a successor Trustee does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company, or the Holders of Secured Notes of at least 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes may petition any court of competent jurisdiction, at the expense of the Company, for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

If the Trustee after written request by any Holder of a Secured Note who has been a Holder of a Secured Note for at least six months fails to comply with Section 7.10 of this Secured Indenture, such Holder of a Secured Note may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee.

A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company.  Thereupon, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Secured Indenture.  The successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to Holders of the Secured Notes.  The retiring Trustee shall promptly transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee, provided all sums owing to the Trustee hereunder have been paid and subject to the Lien provided for in Section 7.07 of this Secured Indenture.  Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.08, the Company’s obligations under Section 7.07 of this Secured Indenture shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee.

SECTION 7.09                                 Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.

If the Trustee consolidates, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation, the successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee.

SECTION 7.10                                 Eligibility; Disqualification.

There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or of any state thereof authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trustee power, shall be subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least $25 million as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition.

This Secured Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA Section 310(a)(1), (2) and (5).  The Trustee is subject to TIA Section 310(b).

SECTION 7.11                                 Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.

The Trustee is subject to TIA Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA Section 311(b).  A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA Section 311(a) to the extent indicated therein.

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SECTION 7.12                                 Authorization of Security Documents.

By their acceptance of the Secured Notes, the Holders hereby (i) accept and acknowledge the terms of the Security Agreement applicable to the Trustee and such Holders and agree to be bound by the terms thereof applicable to such Holders, with all the rights and obligations of an Additional Secured Party thereunder and bound by all the provisions thereof as fully as if it had been an Additional Secured Party on the effective date of the Security Agreement and (ii) authorize and direct the Trustee and Collateral Agent, as the case may be, to execute and deliver the Security Documents and any other document purporting to create a security interest in favor of the Trustee or the Collateral Agent, as applicable, for the benefit of the Holders of the Secured Notes, including any Security Documents executed after the Issue Date.  It is hereby expressly acknowledged and agreed that, in doing so, the Trustee and the Collateral Agent are not responsible for the terms or contents of such agreements, or for the validity or enforceability thereof, or the sufficiency thereof for any purpose.  Whether or not so expressly stated therein, in entering into, or taking (or forbearing from) any action under pursuant to, the Security Documents or any other document purporting to create a security interest in favor of the Trustee and/or the Collateral Agent for their benefit and the benefit of the Holders of the Secured Notes, each shall have all of the rights, immunities, indemnities and other protections granted to it under this Secured Indenture (in addition to those that may be granted to it under the terms of such other agreement or agreements).

ARTICLE 8

LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

SECTION 8.01                                 Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

The Company may, at the option of its Board of Directors evidenced by a resolution set forth in an Officers’ Certificate, at any time, with respect to the Secured Notes, elect to have either Section 8.02 or 8.03 of this Secured Indenture be applied to all outstanding Secured Notes upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in this Article 8.

SECTION 8.02                                 Legal Defeasance and Discharge.

Upon the Company’s exercise under Section 8.01 of this Secured Indenture of the option applicable to this Section 8.02, the Company shall be deemed to have been discharged from its obligations with respect to all outstanding Secured Notes on the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter, “Legal Defeasance”).  For this purpose, such Legal Defeasance means that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire Indebtedness represented by the outstanding Secured Notes, which shall thereafter be deemed to be “outstanding” only for the purposes of Section 8.05 of this Secured Indenture and the other Sections of this Secured Indenture referred to in (a) and (b) below, and to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Secured Notes and this Secured Indenture (and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except for the following which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder:  (a) the rights of Holders of outstanding Secured Notes to receive payments in respect of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on such Secured Notes when such payments are due, or on the redemption date, as the case may be, (b) the Company’s obligations with respect to such Secured Notes under Sections 2.05, 2.07, 2.08, 2.10, 2.11 and 4.02 of this Secured Indenture, (c) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the Company’s obligations in connection therewith and (d) this Article 8.  Subject to compliance with this Article 8, the Company may exercise its option under this Section 8.02 notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 8.03 of this Secured Indenture with respect to the Secured Notes.

SECTION 8.03                                 Covenant Defeasance.

Upon the Company’s exercise under Section 8.01 of this Secured Indenture of the option applicable to this Section 8.03, the Company shall be released from its obligations under the covenants contained in Sections 3.08, 4.03, 4.04, 4.07, 4.08, 4.09, 4.10, 4.11, 4.12, 4.13, 4.15, 4.16, 4.17, 4.18 and 5.01 of this Secured Indenture with respect to the outstanding Secured Notes on and after the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter, “Covenant Defeasance”), and the Secured Notes shall thereafter be deemed not “outstanding” for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection

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with such covenants, but shall continue to be deemed “outstanding” for all other purposes hereunder (it being understood that such Secured Notes shall not be deemed outstanding for GAAP).  For this purpose, such Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to the outstanding Secured Notes, the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such covenant or by reason of any reference in any such covenant to any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.01(c) of this Secured Indenture, but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Secured Indenture and such Secured Notes shall be unaffected thereby.  In addition, upon the Company’s exercise under Section 8.01 of this Secured Indenture of the option applicable to this Section 8.03, Sections 6.01(c) through 6.01(h) and Sections 6.01(k) and 6.01(l) of this Secured Indenture shall not constitute Events of Default.

SECTION 8.04                                 Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance.

The following shall be the conditions to the application of either Section 8.02 or Section 8.03 of this Secured Indenture to the outstanding Secured Notes:

(a)                                 The Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee (or another trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 7.10 of this Secured Indenture who shall agree to comply with the provisions of this Article 8 applicable to it) as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Secured Notes, (i) cash in U.S. Dollars, (ii) non-callable Government Securities which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than one day before the due date of any payment, cash in U.S. Dollars, or (iii) a combination thereof, in such amounts, as will be sufficient in each case, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the outstanding Secured Notes on the stated maturity or on the applicable redemption date, as the case may be; provided that the Trustee shall have been irrevocably instructed to apply such money or the proceeds of such non-callable Government Securities to said payments with respect to the Secured Notes;

(b)                                 In the case of an election under Section 8.02 of this Secured Indenture, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee confirming that (i) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling or (ii) since the Issue Date, there has been a change in the applicable federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of the outstanding Secured Notes will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Legal Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not occurred;

(c)                                  In the case of an election under Section 8.03 of this Secured Indenture, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States reasonably acceptable to the Trustee to the effect that the Holders of the outstanding Secured Notes will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred;

(d)                                 No Default or Event of Default with respect to the Secured Notes shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or, insofar as Section 6.01(i) or 6.01(j) of this Secured Indenture is concerned, at any time in the period ending on the 91st day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied until the expiration of such period);

(e)                                  Such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Secured Indenture or any other material agreement or instrument to

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which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound;

(f)                                   The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that the deposit made by the Company pursuant to its election under Section 8.02 or 8.03 of this Secured Indenture was not made by the Company with the intent of preferring the Holders over any other creditors of the Company or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any of the other creditors of the Company or others; and

(g)                                  The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that all conditions precedent provided for or relating to either the Legal Defeasance under Section 8.02 of this Secured Indenture or the Covenant Defeasance under Section 8.03 of this Secured Indenture (as the case may be) have been complied with as contemplated by this Section 8.04.

SECTION 8.05                                 Deposited Money and Government Securities to be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions.

Subject to Section 8.06 of this Secured Indenture, all money and Government Securities (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes of this Section 8.05, the “Trustee”) pursuant to Section 8.04 of this Secured Indenture in respect of the outstanding Secured Notes shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Secured Notes and this Secured Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Secured Notes of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal, premium, if any, and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the cash or Government Securities deposited pursuant to Section 8.04 of this Secured Indenture or the principal and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of the outstanding Secured Notes.

Anything in this Article 8 to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon the request of the Company any money or Government Securities held by it as provided in Section 8.04 of this Secured Indenture which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee (which may be the opinion delivered under Section 8.04(a) of this Secured Indenture), are in excess of the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited to effect an equivalent Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

SECTION 8.06                                 Repayment to Company.

Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Secured Note and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal, and premium, if any, or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Company on its request or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Secured Note shall thereafter, as a secured creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustees thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal (national edition), notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such notification or publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

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SECTION 8.07                                 Reinstatement.

If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any United States Dollars or Government Secured Notes in accordance with Section 8.02 or 8.03 of this Secured Indenture, as the case may be, by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the Company’s obligations under this Secured Indenture and the Secured Notes shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.02 or 8.03 of this Secured Indenture until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money in accordance with Section 8.02 or 8.03 of this Secured Indenture, as the case may be; provided, however, that, if the Company makes any payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Secured Note following the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Secured Notes to receive such payment from the money held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.

ARTICLE 9

AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER

SECTION 9.01                                 Without Consent of Holders of Secured Notes.

Notwithstanding Section 9.02 of this Secured Indenture, the Company, the Guarantors, the Trustee and the Collateral Agent may amend or supplement this Secured Indenture, the Secured Notes, the Guarantees or the Security Agreement without the consent of any Holder of a Secured Note:

(a)                                 to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency or to conform this Secured Indenture to the “Description of the Secured Notes” in the Offering Memorandum as evidence by an officer’s certificate;

(b)                                 to provide for uncertificated Secured Notes or Guarantees in addition to or in place of certificated Secured Notes or Guarantees;

(c)                                  to provide for the assumption of the Company’s or any Guarantor’s obligations to the Holders of the Secured Notes in the case of a merger or consolidation pursuant to Article 5 or Article 11;

(d)                                 to add Guarantees or Collateral;

(e)                                  to release Guarantees or release Collateral from the Liens of this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents when permitted or required by the Security Documents or this Secured Indenture;

(f)                                   to secure any Additional Secured Obligations under the Security Documents;

(g)                                  to make any change that would provide any additional rights or benefits to the Holders of the Secured Notes or that does not adversely affect the legal rights hereunder of any Holder of the Secured Notes; or

(h)                                 to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of this Secured Indenture under the TIA.

Upon the request of the Company accompanied by a resolution of the Board of Directors and a resolution of the board of directors (or similar governing body) of each Guarantor and upon receipt by the Trustee of the documents described in Section 9.06 of this Secured Indenture, the Trustee and the Collateral Agent shall join with the Company and the Guarantors in the execution of any amended or supplemental indenture or any such amendment to the Security Agreement authorized or permitted by the terms of this Secured Indenture and to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations which may be therein contained, but neither the Trustee nor the Collateral Agent shall be obligated to enter into such amended or supplemental indenture or any such amendment to the Security Agreement which affects its own rights, duties or immunities under this Secured Indenture or otherwise.

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In addition, when all the Liens securing the 2011 Secured  Notes are released pursuant to the terms of the 2011 Secured Notes Indenture, at the request of the Company and at the Company’s expense, the Trustee, the Collateral Agent, the Company and the Guarantors may enter into such amendments or supplements to the Security Agreement and other Security Documents as may be necessary, in the reasonable judgment of the Company, to delete references therein to the 2011 Secured Notes and the 2011 Secured Notes Indenture (including, in each case, the related definitions) and replace such references with the Secured Notes and this Secured Indenture (including, in each case, the related definitions), as the case may be, and to make changes in order that the Security Agreement and other Security Documents, as so amended, conform to the description thereof as set forth in the Offering Memorandum (including such modifications to the Company’s obligations that are specified to take effect at such time that the 2011 Secured Notes are no longer outstanding), and such other conforming changes relating thereto that, in the reasonable judgment of the Company, do not adversely affect the legal rights hereunder of any Holder of the Secured Notes, in each case without the consent of any Holder of the Secured Notes. Upon such request of the Company accompanied by a resolution of the Board of Directors and a resolution of the board of directors (or similar governing body) of each Guarantor, and upon receipt by the Trustee and the Collateral Agent of the documents described in Section 9.06 of this Secured Indenture, the Trustee and the Collateral Agent shall join with the Company and the Guarantors in the execution of any such amendment or supplement unless such amendment or supplement adversely affects the Trustee’s or the Collateral Agent’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Secured Indenture or otherwise (for the avoidance of doubt, other than as contemplated by the Offering Memorandum), in which case the Trustee or the Collateral Agent may in its discretion, but shall not be obligated to, enter into such amendment or supplement.

SECTION 9.02                                 With Consent of Holders of Secured Notes.

The Company, the Guarantors, the Trustee and the Collateral Agent may amend or supplement this Secured Indenture, the Secured Notes, the Guarantees, the Security Agreement or any amended or supplemental indenture, or enter into an intercreditor agreement that is inconsistent with the Security Agreement or less favorable to the Notes Secured Parties than the terms set forth in the Security Agreement, with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Secured Notes then outstanding (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Secured Notes), and any existing Default and its consequences or compliance with any provision of this Secured Indenture, the Secured Notes, the Guarantees, the Security Agreement may be waived with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Secured Notes).  Notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) Sections 3.08, 4.10, 4.15 and 4.17 of this Secured Indenture (including, in each case, the related definitions) as such covenants apply to the Secured Notes or release of all or substantially all of the Collateral from the Liens of the Security Documents otherwise than in accordance with the terms of this Secured Indenture or the Security Documents may not be amended or waived, and a new intercreditor agreement having the effect of releasing all or substantially all of the Collateral may not be entered into, in each case, without the written consent of at least 66-2/3% in principal amount of the Secured Notes then outstanding (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Secured Notes) and (b) without the consent of each Holder affected, an amendment or waiver may not (with respect to any Secured Notes held by a non-consenting Holder of Secured Notes):

(a)                                 reduce the aggregate principal amount of Secured Notes whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;

(b)                                 reduce the principal of or change the fixed maturity of any Secured Note or alter the provisions with respect to the redemption of the Secured Notes;

(c)                                  reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of interest on any Secured Note;

(d)                                 waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on the Secured Notes (except a rescission of acceleration of the Secured Notes by the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);

(e)                                  make any Secured Note payable in money other than that stated in the Secured Notes;

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(f)                                   make any change in the provisions of this Secured Indenture relating to waivers of past Defaults or the rights of Holders of Secured Notes to receive payments of principal of or interest on the Secured Notes;

(g)                                  waive a redemption payment or mandatory redemption with respect to any Secured Note; or

(h)                                 make any change in the foregoing amendment and waiver provisions.

Upon the request of the Company accompanied by a resolution of the Board of Directors and a resolution of the board of directors (or similar governing body) of each Guarantor, and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence satisfactory to the Trustee of the consent of the Holders of Secured Notes as aforesaid, and upon receipt by the Trustee of the documents described in Section 9.06 of this Secured Indenture, the Trustee and the Collateral Agent shall join with the Company and the Guarantors in the execution of such amended or supplemental indenture or any such amendment to the Security Agreement unless such amended or supplemental indenture or other amendment adversely affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Secured Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee may in its discretion, but shall not be obligated to, enter into such amended or supplemental indenture.

It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders of Secured Notes under this Section 9.02 of this Secured Indenture to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof.

After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section 9.02 becomes effective, the Company shall mail to the Holders of Secured Notes affected thereby a notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver.  Any failure of the Company to mail such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such amended or supplemental indenture or waiver.  Subject to Sections 6.04 and 6.07 of this Secured Indenture, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Secured Notes then outstanding may waive compliance in a particular instance by the Company with any provision of this Secured Indenture or the Secured Notes.

SECTION 9.03                                 Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.

Every amendment or supplement to this Secured Indenture and the Secured Notes shall be set forth in an amended or supplemental indenture that complies with the TIA as then in effect.

SECTION 9.04                                 Revocation and Effect of Consents.

Until an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder of a Secured Note is a continuing consent by the Holder of a Secured Note and every subsequent Holder of a Secured Note or portion of a Secured Note that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Secured Note, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Secured Note.  However, any such Holder of a Secured Note or subsequent Holder of a Secured Note may revoke the consent as to its Secured Note if the Trustee receives written notice of revocation before the date the waiver, supplement or amendment becomes effective.  An amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective in accordance with its terms and thereafter binds every Holder of a Secured Note.

The Company may fix a record date for determining which Holders of the Secured Notes must consent to such amendment, supplement or waiver.  If the Company fixes a record date, the record date shall be fixed at (i) the later of 30 days prior to the first solicitation of such consent or the date of the most recent list of Holders of Secured Notes furnished to the Trustee prior to such solicitation pursuant to Section 2.05 of this Secured Indenture or (ii) such other date as the Company shall designate.

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SECTION 9.05                                 Notation on or Exchange of Secured Notes.

The Trustee may place an appropriate notation about an amendment, supplement or waiver on any Secured Note thereafter authenticated.  The Company in exchange for all Secured Notes may issue and the Trustee shall authenticate new Secured Notes that reflect the amendment, supplement or waiver.

Failure to make the appropriate notation or issue a new Secured Note shall not affect the validity and effect of such amendment, supplement or waiver.

SECTION 9.06                                 Trustee to Sign Amendments, Etc.

In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article, the modification thereby of the trusts created by this Secured Indenture or any other amendment authorized pursuant to this Article 9, the Trustee and the Collateral Agent shall receive, and shall be fully protected in conclusively relying upon, an Officers’ Certificate stating that the execution of such amended or supplemental indenture or any such amendment to the Security Agreement is authorized or permitted by this Secured Indenture and that such amendment or supplement is the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms.  The Trustee and the Collateral Agent shall enter into any amended or supplemental indenture or other amendment authorized pursuant to this Article 9 if the amendment or supplement does not adversely affect the rights, duties or immunities of the Trustee or the Collateral Agent.  If it does, the Trustee or the Collateral Agent, as applicable, may but is not obligated to sign it.

ARTICLE 10

COLLATERAL AND SECURITY

SECTION 10.01                          Collateral and Security Documents.

(a)                                 On and at all times after the Issue Date, the due and punctual payment of the principal of and interest on the Secured Notes when and as the same shall be due and payable, whether on an interest payment date, at maturity, by acceleration, repurchase, redemption or otherwise, and interest on the overdue principal of and interest on the Secured Notes and performance of all other Obligations of the Company and the Guarantors to the secured parties under this Secured Indenture, the Secured Notes, the Guarantees and the Security Documents, according to the terms hereunder or thereunder, shall be secured as provided in the Security Documents, which define the terms of the Liens that secure the Obligations.

(b)                                 The Trustee and the Company hereby acknowledge and agree that the Collateral Agent holds the Collateral in trust for the benefit of the secured parties pursuant to the terms of the Security Documents and that the Lien of the Security Documents in respect of the secured parties is subject to and qualified and limited in all respects by the Security Documents and actions that may be taken thereunder.

(c)                                  Each Holder, by accepting a Secured Note, irrevocably consents and agrees to the terms of the Security Documents (including the provisions providing for the possession, use, release and foreclosure of Collateral) as the same may be in effect or may be amended from time to time in accordance with their terms and this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents and authorizes and directs the Collateral Agent to enter into the Security Documents and to perform its obligations and exercise its rights thereunder in accordance therewith; provided, however, that if any of the provisions of the Security Documents limit, qualify or conflict with the duties imposed by the provisions of the TIA, other than as expressly provided herein the TIA shall control.

(d)                                 To the extent required by the Security Documents or upon reasonable request of the Collateral Agent (which request the Collateral Agent shall not be obligated to make) the Company shall deliver to the Collateral Agent copies of all documents required to be filed pursuant to the Security Documents, and will do or cause to be done all such acts and things as may be reasonably required by the next sentence of this Section 10.01, to assure and confirm to the Collateral Agent the security interest in the Collateral (other than the Foreign Collateral) contemplated hereby, by the Security Documents or any part thereof, as from time to time constituted, so as to render the

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same available for the security and benefit of this Secured Indenture and of the Secured Notes secured hereby, according to the intent and purposes herein expressed.

(e)                                  The Company shall, and shall cause the Guarantors to, take any and all actions and make all filings (including the filing of UCC financing statements, continuation statements and amendments thereto) reasonably required to cause the Security Documents to create and maintain, as security for the Obligations of the Company and the Guarantors to the secured parties under this Secured Indenture, the Secured Notes, the Guarantees, and the Security Documents, a valid and enforceable perfected Lien and security interest in and on all of the Collateral (other than the Foreign Collateral), subject to the terms of the Security Documents, in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the secured parties subject to no Liens other than Permitted Liens.

(f)                                   The Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to provide to the Trustee and the Collateral Agent, either (a) an opinion from counsel in the jurisdiction where the real property is located that is subject to the mortgage securing the 2011 Secured Notes that an amendment to such mortgage is not required to maintain the continued enforceability, validity or perfection of the lien created by such mortgage as security for the Secured Notes and Guarantees; or (b) an amendment to all mortgages or deeds of trust that are securing the 2011 Secured Notes (or at the Company’s option, one or more new mortgages or deeds of trust) along with a date down endorsement to the existing title insurance policies insuring the real property that is mortgaged under the 2011 Secured Notes  and opinions of counsel, in each case, within 60 days after the Issue Date (and in any event as soon as reasonably practicable thereafter).

SECTION 10.02                          Recordings and Opinions.

(a)                                 So long as this Secured Indenture is not qualified under the TIA, the Company shall not be required to comply with TIA § 314.  The Company shall deliver to the Trustee and Collateral Agent, within 30 calendar days following the end of each fiscal year, an Officers’ Certificate to the effect that all releases and withdrawals during such fiscal year in respect of which the Company did not comply with TIA § 314(d) in reliance on this Section 10.02(a) were made in the ordinary course of business and not prohibited by this Secured Indenture.  Any certificate or opinion required by TIA § 314(d) may be made by an Officer of the Company except in cases where TIA § 314(d) requires that such certificate or opinion be made by an independent engineer, appraiser or other expert.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this paragraph, the Company will not be required to comply with all or any portion of TIA § 314(d) if the Company determines that under the terms of TIA § 314(d) and/or any interpretation or guidance as to the meaning thereof of the Commission and its staff, including “no action” letters or exemptive orders, all or any portion of TIA § 314(d) is inapplicable to the released Collateral.

(b)                                 Any release of Collateral permitted by Section 10.03 hereof will be deemed not to impair the Liens under this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents in contravention thereof.

(c)                                  Following the qualification of the Secured Indenture under the TIA, to the extent the Company is required to furnish to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel pursuant to TIA Section 314(b)(2), the Company will furnish such opinion not more than 60 but not less than 30 days prior to June 1st of each year.

SECTION 10.03                          Release of Collateral.

(a)                                 Collateral may be released from the Liens and security interest created by the Security Documents at any time or from time to time in accordance with the provisions of the Security Documents and this Secured Indenture.  The Company and the Guarantors will be entitled to a release of property and other assets included in the Collateral from the Liens securing the Secured Notes and the Liens and security interest shall be automatically released under this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents, and the Trustee shall take all actions to release or effectuate the release of and shall release, or instruct the Collateral Agent to release, as applicable, the same from such Liens at the Company’s sole cost and expense, under one or more of the following circumstances, automatically and without the need for any further action by any Person be released so long as such release is otherwise in compliance with the TIA:

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(1)                                 in whole or in part, as applicable, as to all or any portion of property subject to such Liens which has been taken by eminent domain, condemnation or other similar circumstances, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in this Secured Indenture or the Security Documents;

(2)                                 in whole, as to all property subject to such Liens, upon:

(i)                                payment in full of the principal and unpaid interest and premium on the Secured Notes and all other obligations under the Secured Indenture, Secured Notes, Guarantees and Security Documents; or

(ii)                                Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance pursuant to Article 8 hereof;

(3)                                 in part, as to any property constituting Collateral that (a) is sold or otherwise disposed of by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in a transaction permitted pursuant to this Secured Indenture or by the Security Documents at the time of such sale, transfer or disposition, to the extent of the interest sold or disposed of or (b) is owned or at any time acquired by a Guarantor that has been released from its Guarantee in accordance with this Secured Indenture, concurrently with the release of such Guarantee; or

(4)                                 in part, as to any property with the consent of the Trustee (provided that the vote of the Holders of the Secured Notes required under Section 9.02 of this Secured Indenture has been obtained);

(5)                                 in part, in the event that (i)(A) a satellite suffers a total loss or a constructive total loss, (B) insurance proceeds are paid pursuant to such total loss or constructive total loss, and (C) the title of such satellite is required to be transferred to such insurer pursuant to the terms of the insurance policy pursuant to which such insurance proceeds are paid, in each case to the extent the terms of the insurance policy covering (and pursuant to which insurance proceeds are paid) such satellite require the transfer of title of such satellite, the insurance proceeds from the total loss or the constructive total loss of such satellite were received by the Company or the applicable Guarantor, such proceeds constitute Collateral and are applied in accordance with the terms of this Secured Indenture and/or any document governing the 2011 Secured Notes or Additional Secured Obligations, as the case may be, to the extent required to be so applied; or

(6)                                 as to assets that become Excluded Property.

(b)                                 In the event that any Lien is to be released pursuant to Section 10.03(a), and the Company requests the Collateral Agent to furnish a written disclaimer, release, quitclaim or any other necessary or proper instrument of termination, satisfaction or release of any interest in such property under this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents, upon receipt of an Officers’ Certificate and to the extent required by the TIA, an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that such release complies with Section 10.03 and specifying the provision in Section 10.03 pursuant to which such release is being made, the Trustee shall, or shall cause the Collateral Agent to, execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company such an instrument in the form provided by the Company, and providing for release without recourse and shall take such other action as the Company may reasonably request and as necessary to effect such release, provided that all documents, if any, required by the TIA must be delivered by the Company or the applicable Guarantor to the Trustee.

SECTION 10.04                          Suits To Protect the Collateral.

Subject to the provisions of Article 7 hereof and the Security Documents, the Trustee, without the consent of the Holders, on behalf of the Holders, may or may direct the Collateral Agent to take all actions it determines in order to:

(a)                                 enforce any of the terms of the Security Documents to which the Collateral Agent is a party; and

(b)                                 collect and receive any and all amounts payable in respect of the Obligations hereunder.

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Subject to the provisions of the Security Documents the Trustee and the Collateral Agent shall have power to institute and to maintain such suits and proceedings as the Trustee may determine necessary to prevent any impairment of the Collateral by any acts which may be unlawful or in violation of any of the Security Documents or this Secured Indenture, and such suits and proceedings as the Trustee may determine necessary to preserve or protect its interests and the interests of the Holders in the Collateral.  Nothing in this Section 10.04 shall be considered to impose any such duty or obligation to act on the part of the Trustee or the Collateral Agent.

SECTION 10.05                          Authorization of Receipt of Funds by the Trustee Under the Security Documents.

The Trustee is authorized to receive any funds for the benefit of the Holders distributed under the Security Documents, and to make further distributions of such funds to the Holders according to the provisions of this Secured Indenture.

SECTION 10.06                          Purchaser Protected.

In no event shall any purchaser in good faith or other transferee of any property or rights purported to be released hereunder be bound to ascertain the authority of the Collateral Agent or the Trustee to execute the release or to inquire as to the satisfaction of any conditions required by the provisions hereof for the exercise of such authority or to see to the application of any consideration given by such purchaser or other transferee; nor shall any purchaser or other transferee of any property or rights permitted by this Article 10 to be sold be under any obligation to ascertain or inquire into the authority of the Company or the applicable Guarantor to make any such sale or other transfer.

SECTION 10.07                          Powers Exercisable by Receiver or Trustee.

In case the Collateral shall be in the possession of a receiver or trustee, lawfully appointed, the powers conferred in this Article 10 upon the Company or a Guarantor with respect to the release, sale or other disposition of such property may be exercised by such receiver or trustee, and an instrument signed by such receiver or trustee shall be deemed the equivalent of any similar instrument of the Company or a Guarantor or of any Officer or Officers thereof required by the provisions of this Article 10; and if the Trustee shall be in the possession of the Collateral under any provision of this Secured Indenture, then such powers may be exercised by the Trustee.

SECTION 10.08                          Release Upon Termination of the Company’s Obligations.

In the event that the Company delivers to the Trustee (a) an Officers’ Certificate certifying that (i) payment in full of the principal of, together with accrued and unpaid interest on, the Secured Notes and all other Obligations under this Secured Indenture, the Secured Notes, the Guarantees and the Security Documents that are due and payable at or prior to the time such principal, together with accrued and unpaid interest, are paid or (ii) the Company shall have exercised its Legal Defeasance option or its Covenant Defeasance option, in each case in compliance with the provisions of Article 8 hereof, and (b) an Opinion of Counsel stating that all conditions precedent to the execution and delivery of such notice by the Trustee have been satisfied, the Trustee shall deliver to the Company and the Collateral Agent a notice stating that the Trustee, on behalf of the Holders, disclaims and gives up any and all rights it has in or to the Collateral (other than with respect to funds held by the Trustee pursuant to Article 8 hereof), and any rights it has under the Security Documents, and upon receipt by the Collateral Agent of such notice, the Collateral Agent shall be deemed not to hold a Lien in the Collateral on behalf of the Trustee and shall do or cause to be done all acts reasonably necessary to release such Lien as soon as is reasonably practicable.

SECTION 10.09                          Collateral Agent.

(a)                                 The Trustee and each of the Holders by acceptance of the Secured Notes hereby designates and appoints the Collateral Agent as its agent under this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents and the Trustee and each of the Holders by acceptance of the Secured Notes hereby irrevocably authorizes the Collateral Agent to take such action on its behalf under the provisions of this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents and to exercise such powers and perform such duties as are expressly delegated to the Collateral Agent by the terms of this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents, and consents and agrees to the terms of each Security Document, as the same may be in effect or may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time in

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accordance with their respective terms.  The Collateral Agent agrees to act as such on the express conditions contained in this Section 10.09.  The provisions of this Section 10.09 are solely for the benefit of the Collateral Agent and none of the Trustee, any of the Holders nor any of the Grantors shall have any rights as a third party beneficiary of any of the provisions contained herein other than as expressly provided in Section 10.03 hereof.  Each Holder agrees that any action taken by the Collateral Agent in accordance with the provision of this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents, and the exercise by the Collateral Agent of any rights or remedies set forth herein and therein shall be authorized and binding upon all Holders.  Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained elsewhere in this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents, the duties of the Collateral Agent shall be ministerial and administrative in nature, and the Collateral Agent shall not have any duties or responsibilities, except those expressly set forth herein and in the other documents to which the Collateral Agent is a party, nor shall the Collateral Agent have or be deemed to have any trust or other fiduciary relationship with the Trustee, any Holder or any Grantor, and no implied covenants, functions, responsibilities, duties, obligations or liabilities shall be read into this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents or otherwise exist against the Collateral Agent.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing sentence, the use of the term “agent” in this Secured Indenture with reference to the Collateral Agent is not intended to connote any fiduciary or other implied (or express) obligations arising under agency doctrine of any applicable law.  Instead, such term is used merely as a matter of market custom, and is intended to create or reflect only an administrative relationship between independent contracting parties.

(b)                                 The Collateral Agent may perform any of its duties under this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents by or through receivers, agents, employees, attorneys-in-fact and shall be entitled to advice of counsel concerning all matters pertaining to such duties, and shall be entitled to act upon such advice of counsel.  The Collateral Agent shall not be responsible for the negligence or willful misconduct of any receiver, agent, employee, attorney-in-fact that it selects as long as such selection was made without negligence or willful misconduct and in good faith.

(c)                                  None of the Collateral Agent or any of its respective Related Persons shall (i) be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken by any of them under or in connection with this Secured Indenture or the transactions contemplated hereby (except for its own gross negligence or willful misconduct or under or in connection with any Security Document or the transactions contemplated thereby (except for its own gross negligence, fraud or willful misconduct), or (ii) be responsible in any manner to any of the Trustee or any Holder for any recital, statement, representation, warranty, covenant or agreement made by the Company or any Grantor or Affiliate of any Grantor, or any Officer or Related Person thereof, contained in this Secured Indenture or the Security Documents, or in any certificate, report, statement or other document referred to or provided for in, or received by the Collateral Agent under or in connection with, this Secured Indenture or the Security Documents, or the validity, effectiveness, genuineness, enforceability or sufficiency of this Secured Indenture or the Security Documents, or for any failure of any Grantor or any other party to this Secured Indenture or the Security Documents to perform its obligations hereunder or thereunder.  None of the Collateral Agent or any of its Related Persons shall be under any obligation to the Trustee or any Holder to ascertain or to inquire as to the observance or performance of any of the agreements contained in, or conditions of, this Secured Indenture or the Security Documents or to inspect the properties, books, or records of any Grantor or any Grantor’s Affiliates.

(d)                                 The Collateral Agent shall be entitled to conclusively rely, and shall be fully protected in conclusively relying, upon any writing, resolution, notice, consent, certificate, affidavit, letter, telegram, facsimile, certification, telephone message, statement, or other communication, document or conversation (including those by telephone or e-mail) believed by it in good faith to be genuine and correct and to have been signed, sent, or made by the proper Person or Persons, and upon advice and statements of legal counsel (including, without limitation, counsel to the Company or any Grantor), independent accountants and other experts and advisors selected by the Collateral Agent.  The Collateral Agent shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, or other paper or document.  The Collateral Agent shall be fully justified in failing or refusing to take any action under this Secured Indenture or the Security Documents unless it shall first receive such advice or concurrence of the Trustee or the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Secured Notes as it determines and, if it so requests, it shall first be indemnified to its satisfaction by the Holders against any and all liability and expense including attorneys’ fees and expenses which may be incurred by it by reason of taking or continuing to take any such action.  The Collateral Agent shall in all cases be fully protected in acting, or in refraining from acting, under this Secured Indenture or the Security Documents in accordance with a request, direction, instruction or consent

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of the Trustee or the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes and such request and any action taken or failure to act pursuant thereto shall be binding upon all of the Holders.

(e)                                  The Collateral Agent shall not be deemed to have knowledge or notice of the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default, unless a Responsible Officer of the Collateral Agent shall have received written notice from the Trustee or the Company referring to this Secured Indenture, describing such Default or Event of Default and stating that such notice is a “notice of default.”  The Collateral Agent shall take such action with respect to such Default or Event of Default as may be requested by the Trustee in accordance with Article 6 hereof or the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Secured Notes (subject to this Section 10.09).

(f)                                   The Collateral Agent and its respective Affiliates may make loans to, issue letters of credit for the account of, accept deposits from, acquire equity interests in and generally engage in any kind of banking, trust, financial advisory, underwriting, or other business with any Grantor and its Affiliates as though it was not the Collateral Agent hereunder and without notice to or consent of the Trustee.  The Trustee and the Holders acknowledge that, pursuant to such activities, Collateral Agent Legal Name or its respective Affiliates may receive information regarding any Grantor or its Affiliates (including information that may be subject to confidentiality obligations in favor of any such Grantor or such Affiliate) and acknowledge that the Collateral Agent shall not be under any obligation to provide such information to the Trustee or the Holders.  Nothing herein shall impose or imply any obligation on the part of the Collateral Agent to advance funds.

(g)                                  The Collateral Agent may resign at any time by notice to the Trustee and the Company, such resignation to be effective upon the acceptance of a successor agent to its appointment as Collateral Agent.  If the Collateral Agent resigns under this Secured Indenture, the Company shall appoint a successor collateral agent.  If no successor collateral agent is appointed prior to the intended effective date of the resignation of the Collateral Agent (as stated in the notice of resignation), the Collateral Agent may appoint, after consulting with the Trustee, subject to the consent of the Company (which shall not be unreasonably withheld and which shall not be required during a continuing Event of Default), a successor collateral agent.  If no successor collateral agent is appointed and consented to by the Company pursuant to the preceding sentence within thirty (30) days after the intended effective date of resignation (as stated in the notice of resignation) the Collateral Agent shall be entitled to petition a court of competent jurisdiction at the expense of the Company.  In addition, upon at least 30 days’ prior written notice to the Trustee and the Collateral Agent, the Company, at its sole discretion following consultation with the Trustee and the Collateral Agent, may replace the Collateral Agent and appoint a successor collateral agent, such replacement to be effective upon the acceptance of a successor agent to its appointment as Collateral Agent.  Upon the acceptance of its appointment as successor collateral agent hereunder, such successor collateral agent shall succeed to all the rights, powers and duties of the retiring Collateral Agent, and the term “Collateral Agent” shall mean such successor collateral agent, and the retiring Collateral Agent’s appointment, powers and duties as the Collateral Agent shall be terminated.  After the retiring Collateral Agent’s resignation or replacement hereunder, the provisions of this Section 10.09 (and Section 7.07 hereof) shall continue to inure to its benefit and the retiring Collateral Agent shall not by reason of such resignation be deemed to be released from liability as to any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while it was the Collateral Agent under this Secured Indenture.

(h)                                 The Trustee hereby appoints Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, to initially act as Collateral Agent and shall be authorized to appoint co- Collateral Agents as necessary in its sole discretion.  Except as otherwise explicitly provided herein or in the Security Documents, neither the Collateral Agent nor any of its respective officers, directors, employees or agents or other Related Person shall be liable for failure to demand, collect or realize upon any of the Collateral or for any delay in doing so or shall be under any obligation to sell or otherwise dispose of any Collateral upon the request of any other Person or to take any other action whatsoever with regard to the Collateral or any part thereof.  The Collateral Agent shall be accountable only for amounts that it actually receives as a result of the exercise of such powers, and neither the Collateral Agent nor any of its officers, directors, employees or agents shall be responsible for any act or failure to act hereunder, except for its own gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct.

(i)                                     The Collateral Agent is authorized and directed to (i) enter into the Security Documents to which it is party, whether executed on or after the Issue Date, (ii) bind the Holders on the terms as set forth in the Security Documents, (iii) perform and observe its obligations under the Security Documents and (iv) at the request of the

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Company, enter into any additional documentation necessary or advisable in connection with the issuance of any Indebtedness permitted pursuant to Section 4.09 hereof, including any secured Indebtedness.

(j)                                    The Trustee agrees that it shall not (and shall not be obliged to), and shall not instruct the Collateral Agent to, unless specifically requested to do so by the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Secured Notes, take or cause to be taken any action to enforce its rights under this Secured Indenture or the Security Documents or against any Grantor, including the commencement of any legal or equitable proceedings, to foreclose any Lien on, or otherwise enforce any security interest in, any of the Collateral.

(k)                                 The Collateral Agent shall have no obligation whatsoever to the Trustee or any of the Holders to assure that the Collateral exists or is owned by any Grantor or is cared for, protected, or insured or has been encumbered, or that the Collateral Agent’s Liens have been properly or sufficiently or lawfully created, perfected, protected, maintained or enforced or are entitled to any particular priority, or to determine whether all or the Grantor’s property constituting collateral intended to be subject to the Lien and security interest of the Security Documents has been properly and completely listed or delivered, as the case may be, or the genuineness, validity, marketability or sufficiency thereof or title thereto, or to exercise at all or in any particular manner or under any duty of care, disclosure, or fidelity, or to continue exercising, any of the rights, authorities, and powers granted or available to the Collateral Agent pursuant to this Secured Indenture any Security Document other than pursuant to the instructions of the Trustee or the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Secured Notes or as otherwise provided in the Security Documents, it being understood and agreed that in respect of the Collateral, or any act, omission, or event related thereto, the Collateral Agent shall have no other duty or liability whatsoever to the Trustee or any Holder as to any of the foregoing.

(l)                                     If the Company (i) incurs any Indebtedness secured by the Collateral (other than the Obligations in respect of the Secured Notes) at any time when no intercreditor agreement is in effect or at any time when Indebtedness secured by the Collateral (other than the Obligations in respect of the Notes) is entitled to the benefit of an existing intercreditor agreement is concurrently retired, and (ii) delivers to the Collateral Agent an Officers’ Certificate so stating and requesting the Collateral Agent to enter into an intercreditor agreement for the benefit of a designated agent or representative for the holders of the Indebtedness secured by the Collateral (other than the Obligations in respect of the Secured Notes) so incurred, the Collateral Agent shall (and is hereby authorized and directed to) enter into such intercreditor agreement (at the sole expense and cost of the Company, including legal fees and expenses of the Collateral Agent), bind the Holders on the terms set forth therein and perform and observe its obligations thereunder; provided that in each case (i) such intercreditor agreement is consistent with the Security Agreement and no less favorable to the Notes Secured Parties than the terms set forth in the Security Agreement or (ii) if such intercreditor agreement is inconsistent with the Security Agreement or less favorable to the Notes Secured Parties than the terms set forth in the Security Agreement, the Collateral Agent shall enter into such intercreditor agreement only with such consent of the Holders as may be required by Section 9.02 hereof.

(m)                             No provision of this Secured Indenture or any Security Document shall require the Collateral Agent (or the Trustee) to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or thereunder or to take or omit to take any action hereunder or thereunder or take any action at the request or direction of Holders (or the Trustee in the case of the Collateral Agent) until it shall have received indemnity satisfactory to the Collateral Agent against potential costs and liabilities incurred by the Collateral Agent relating thereto.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Secured Indenture or the Security Documents, in the event the Collateral Agent is entitled or required to commence an action to foreclose or otherwise exercise its remedies to acquire control or possession of the Collateral, the Collateral Agent shall not be required to commence any such action or exercise any remedy or to inspect or conduct any studies of any property under the mortgages or take any such other action if the Collateral Agent has determined that the Collateral Agent may incur personal liability as a result of the presence at, or release on or from, the Collateral or such property, of any hazardous substances unless the Collateral Agent has received security or indemnity from the Holders in an amount and in a form all satisfactory to the Collateral Agent in its sole discretion, protecting the Collateral Agent from all such liability.  The Collateral Agent shall at any time be entitled to cease taking any action described above if it no longer reasonably deems any indemnity, security or undertaking from the Company or the Holders to be sufficient.

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(n)                                 The Collateral Agent (i) shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it reasonably believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers, or for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved that the Collateral Agent was grossly negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts and, (ii) shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Collateral Agent may agree in writing with the Company (and money held in trust by the Collateral Agent need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law) and (iii) may consult with counsel of its selection and the advice or opinion of such counsel as to matters of law.  The grant of permissive rights or powers to the Collateral Agent shall not be construed to impose duties to act.

(o)                                 Neither the Collateral Agent nor the Trustee shall be liable for delays or failures in performance resulting from acts beyond its control.  Such acts shall include but not be limited to acts of God, strikes, lockouts, riots, acts of war, epidemics, governmental regulations superimposed after the fact, fire, communication line failures, computer viruses, power failures, earthquakes or other disasters.  Neither the Collateral Agent nor the Trustee shall be liable for any indirect, special or consequential damages (included but not limited to lost profits) whatsoever, even if it has been informed of the likelihood thereof and regardless of the form of action.

(p)                                 The Collateral Agent does not assume any responsibility for any failure or delay in performance or any breach by the Company or any other Grantor under this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents.  The Collateral Agent shall not be responsible to the Holders or any other Person for any recitals, statements, information, representations or warranties contained in this Secured Indenture, the Security Documents or in any certificate, report, statement, or other document referred to or provided for in, or received by the Collateral Agent under or in connection with, this Secured Indenture or any Security Document; the execution, validity, genuineness, effectiveness or enforceability of the Security Documents of any other party thereto; the genuineness, enforceability, collectability, value, sufficiency, location or existence of any Collateral, or the validity, effectiveness, enforceability, sufficiency, extent, perfection or priority of any Lien therein; the validity, enforceability or collectability of any Obligations; the assets, liabilities, financial condition, results of operations, business, creditworthiness or legal status of any obligor; or for any failure of any obligor to perform its Obligations under this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents.  The Collateral Agent shall have no obligation to any Holder or any other Person to ascertain or inquire into the existence of any Default or Event of Default, the observance or performance by any obligor of any terms of this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents, or the satisfaction of any conditions precedent contained in this Secured Indenture and any Security Documents.  The Collateral Agent shall not be required to initiate or conduct any litigation or collection or other proceeding under this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents unless expressly set forth hereunder or thereunder.  The Collateral Agent shall have the right at any time to seek instructions from the Holders with respect to the administration of this Secured Indenture, the Security Documents or any certificate, report, statement, or other document referred to or provided for therein.

(q)                                 The parties hereto and the Holders hereby agree and acknowledge that the Collateral Agent shall not assume, be responsible for or otherwise be obligated for any liabilities, claims, causes of action, suits, losses, allegations, requests, demands, penalties, fines, settlements, damages (including foreseeable and unforeseeable), judgments, expenses and costs (including but not limited to, any remediation, corrective action, response, removal or remedial action, or investigation, operations and maintenance or monitoring costs, for personal injury or property damages, real or personal) of any kind whatsoever, pursuant to any environmental law as a result of this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents or any actions taken pursuant hereto or thereto.  Further, the parties hereto and the Holders hereby agree and acknowledge that in the exercise of its rights under this Secured Indenture and the Security Documents, the Collateral Agent may hold or obtain indicia of ownership primarily to protect the security interest of the Collateral Agent in the Collateral and that any such actions taken by the Collateral Agent shall not be construed as or otherwise constitute any participation in the management of such Collateral.

(r)                                    Upon the receipt by the Collateral Agent of a written request of the Company signed by two Officers (a “Security Document Order”), the Collateral Agent is hereby authorized to execute and enter into, and shall execute and enter into, without the further consent of any Holder or the Trustee, any Security Document.  Such Security Document Order shall (i) state that it is being delivered to the Collateral Agent pursuant to, and is a Security Document Order referred to in, this Section 10.09(t), and (ii) instruct the Collateral Agent to execute and enter into such Security Document.  Any such execution of a Security Document shall be at the direction and expense of the Company, upon delivery to the Collateral Agent of an Officers’ Certificate and Opinion of Counsel stating that all conditions precedent to the execution and delivery of the Security Document have been satisfied.  The Holders, by

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their acceptance of the Secured Notes, hereby authorize and direct the Collateral Agent to execute such Security Documents.

(s)                                   Subject to the provisions of the applicable Security Documents, each Holder, by acceptance of the Secured Notes, agrees that the Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver the Security Documents to which it is a party and all agreements, documents and instruments incidental thereto, and act in accordance with the terms thereof.  For the avoidance of doubt, the Collateral Agent shall have no discretion under this Secured Indenture, or the Security Documents and shall not be required to make or give any determination, consent, approval, request or direction without the written direction of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes or the Trustee, as applicable.

(t)                                    After the occurrence of an Event of Default, the Trustee may direct the Collateral Agent in connection with any action required or permitted by this Secured Indenture.

(u)                                 The Collateral Agent is authorized to receive any funds for the benefit of itself, the Trustee and the Holders distributed under the Security Documents and to the extent not prohibited under the Intercreditor Agreement, for turnover to the Trustee to make further distributions of such funds to itself, the Trustee and the Holders in accordance with the provisions of this Secured Indenture.

(v)                                 In each case that Collateral Agent may or is required hereunder or under the Security Documents to take any action (an “Action”), including without limitation to make any determination, to give consents, to exercise rights, powers or remedies, to release or sell Collateral or otherwise to act hereunder or under the Security Documents, the Collateral Agent may seek direction from the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes.  The Collateral Agent shall not be liable with respect to any Action taken or omitted to be taken by it in accordance with the direction from the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes.  If the Collateral Agent shall request direction from the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes with respect to any Action, the Collateral Agent shall be entitled to refrain from such Action unless and until the Collateral Agent shall have received direction from the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Secured Notes, and the Collateral Agent shall not incur liability to any Person by reason of so refraining.

(w)                               Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Secured Indenture or the Security Documents, in no event shall the Collateral Agent be responsible for, or have any duty or obligation with respect to, the recording, filing, registering, perfection, protection or maintenance of the security interests or Liens intended to be created by this Secured Indenture or the Security Documents (including without limitation the filing or continuation of any UCC financing or continuation statements or similar documents or instruments), nor shall the Collateral Agent be responsible for, and the Collateral Agent makes no representation regarding, the validity, effectiveness or priority of any of the Security Documents or the security interests or Liens intended to be created thereby.

(x)                                 Before the Collateral Agent acts or refrains from acting in each case at the request or direction of the Company or the Guarantors, it may require an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, which shall conform to the provisions of Section 12.04 hereof.  The Collateral Agent shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such certificate or opinion.

(y)                                 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the Collateral Agent shall act pursuant to the instructions of the secured parties solely with respect to the Security Documents and the Collateral.

SECTION 10.10                          Permitted Ordinary Course Activities With Respect to Collateral.