Attached files

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EX-10.2 - Q BioMed Inc.exhibit10-2.htm
EX-10.6 - Q BioMed Inc.exhibit10-6.htm
EX-10.5 - Q BioMed Inc.exhibit10-5.htm
EX-10.4 - Q BioMed Inc.exhibit10-4.htm
EX-10.1 - Q BioMed Inc.exhibit10-1.htm
EX-10.8 - Q BioMed Inc.exhibit10-8.htm
EX-10.3 - Q BioMed Inc.exhibit10-3.htm
EX-10.7 - Q BioMed Inc.exhibit10-7.htm
 
 


 

UNITEDSTATES
SECURITIESANDEXCHANGECOMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 OR 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934

January 8, 2016
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported)
 
Q BIOMED INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 

Nevada
333-193328
46-4013793
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)
(Commission File Number)
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
 
c/o Sanders Ortoli Vaughn-Flam Rosenstadt LLP
 
10022
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)

(212) 588-0022
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

[ ] Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) [ ] Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

[ ] Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

[ ] Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Item 2.03 Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation

The information set forth under Section 3.02 of this form 8-K is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 3.02 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

 
 

 


From October 30, 2015 through December 19, 2015, we sold $240,000 in convertible promissory notes to 8 purchasers for a total of $240,000 (collectively, the “Notes”). The Notes: (i) have terms of eighteen-months; (ii) an interest rate of 10%; (iii) are convertible at any time into shares of our common stock at a 40% discount to the average closing price for the previous ten days, but in no event lower than $1.25; and (iv) can be converted by the Company when upon the listing of the Company’s securities on a senior exchange, such as the NASDAQ.

On November 12 and December 15, 2015, respectively, we issued convertible promissory notes to two institutional investors for a total of $385,00 (“Institutional Notes”). Those notes: (i)  have terms of eighteen-months; (ii) an interest rate of 10%; (iii) are convertible at any time into shares of our common stock at a 40% discount to the average closing price for the previous ten days, but not higher than $1.55; (iv) can be called by the lender of such Note if the average volume weighted average price for the ten (10) Trading Days immediately preceding the respective maturity date is less than $1.25 per share; and (v) can be converted by the Company if the Company’s common stock is above $5.00 on the respective maturity date or upon the listing on a senior exchange, such as the NASDAQ.

On January 8, 2016, we entered into a stock purchase agreement with CMGT, whereby the purchaser had the right to purchase up to $415,000 of our common stock on the same terms as the Institutional Notes for a period ending on June 8, 2016. To date, CMGT has purchased $35,000 under this structure.

As a result of the transactions disclosed above in this Item 3.02, we are now in a position to take the first meaningful steps in developing the Man-01 asset in partnership with Mannin Reasearch Inc. (“Mannin”).

Introduction


Unless the context otherwise requires, “Qbio”, the “Company”, “we”, “us”, “our” and similar names refer to Q BioMed Inc.

On October 29, 2015, we entered into a Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement (“Exclusive License”) with Mannin whereby we were granted a worldwide, exclusive, license on, and option to, acquire certain Mannin intellectual property (“Mannin IP”) within the four-year term of the Exclusive License.

The Mannin IP will initially be focused on developing a first-in-class eye drop treatment for glaucoma. The technology platform may be expanded in scope beyond ophthalmological uses and may include cystic kidney disease and others. The initial cost to acquire the Exclusive License was $50,000 and the issuance of 200,000 shares of our common stock. Upon Mannin completing a successful phase 1 proof of concept trial in glaucoma, we will be obligated to issue additional shares of our common stock to Mannin, also subject to leak-out conditions. We estimate this milestone to occur in the fourth quarter of 2018. On December 4, 2015, we paid Mannin the $50,000 required under our Exclusive License and on December 7, 2015, we issued the 200,000 shares of common stock to Mannin which was expensed at $548,000.

Pursuant to the Exclusive License, we may purchase the Mannin IP by October 29, 2019 in exchange for: (i) investing a minimum of $4,000,000 into the development of the Mannin IP and (ii) possibly issuing Mannin additional shares of our common stock based on meeting pre-determined valuation and market conditions.

In the event that: (i) we do not exercise the option to purchase the Mannin IP; (ii) we fail to invest the $4,000,000 by October 29, 2019; or (iii) we fail to make a diligent, good faith and commercially reasonable effort to progress the Mannin IP, all Mannin IP shall revert to Mannin and we shall be granted the right to collect twice the monies invested through that date of reversion by way of a royalty along with other consideration which may be perpetual.




 
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Business

Forward-Looking Statements

This Current Report on Form 8-K contains forward-looking statements. To the extent that any statements made in this report contain information that is not historical, these statements are essentially forward-looking. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “expects”, “plans”, “may”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “should”, “intends”, “estimates”, and other words of similar meaning. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that cannot be predicted or quantified and, consequently, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, our ability to raise additional capital to finance our activities; our ability to conduct clinical trials a Phase I, Phase II and Phase III studies; the results of any such trials and studies; the effectiveness, profitability and marketability of our products, if any are ever produced; legal and regulatory risks associated with the share exchange; the future trading of our common stock; our ability to operate as a public company; our ability to protect our proprietary information; general economic and business conditions; the volatility of our operating results and financial condition; our ability to attract or retain qualified senior management personnel and research and development staff; and other risks detailed from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), or otherwise.

Information regarding market and industry statistics contained in this report is included based on information available to us that we believe is accurate. It is generally based on industry and other publications that are not produced for purposes of securities offerings or economic analysis. Forecasts and other forward-looking information obtained from these sources are subject to the same qualifications and the additional uncertainties accompanying any estimates of future market size, revenue and market acceptance of products and services. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements. As a result, investors should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

General information

We were incorporated in the State of Nevada on November 22, 2013 under the name ISMO Technology Solutions.  The Company was attempting to establish a base of operation in the information technology sector and plan to provide IT hardware, software and support solutions to businesses and households. On January 13, 2014 the company filed a registration statement on form S-1 registering 2,500,000 shares of common stock, which was declared effective on March 25, 2014. The company did not pursue its business plan to any great extent under the deteriorating health of the major shareholder and CEO, Mr. Enrique Navas.
 
On April 21, 2015, the Company issued 1,000,000 pre-split shares of its common stock to Mr. Denis Corin pursuant to a consulting agreement and Mr. Corin also agreed to join the Board of Directors.

On June 1, 2015, the Company’s shareholders elected Mr. William Rosenstadt to its board of directors and appointed him as general counsel.  In exchange for such services for a one-year term, the Company agreed to pay Mr. Rosenstadt 150,000 pre-dividend shares of its common stock. The Company engaged the law firm at which Mr. Rosenstadt is a partner to provide us with legal services. The Company paid for these services for the first six months through the issuance to such law firm of 200,000 pre-dividend shares of its common stock and, more recently, 250,000 five-year warrants to purchase 250,000 shares of common stock at a price of $4.15 per share.

On June 1, 2015, the Company entered into an Advisory Agreement with Mr. Ari Jatwes.  In exchange for Mr. Jatwes’s services, he received 250,000 pre-dividend shares of common stock.  Also on June 1, 2015, the Board of Directors of the Company determined it was in the best interest of the Company to establish a base of operations in the biomedical industry.  As a result, the Board of Directors has approved a change in the Company’s name from “ISMO Tech Solutions, Inc.” to “Q BioMed Inc.”  Additionally, the Board of Directors approved a stock dividend whereby for every one share of common stock outstanding, shareholders will receive an additional 1.5 shares of common stock. Q BioMed Inc. is now establishing its business as a biomedical acceleration and development company focused on licensing, acquiring and providing strategic resources to life sciences and healthcare companies. Q BioMed intends to mitigate risk by acquiring multiple assets over time and across a broad spectrum of healthcare related products, companies and sectors.  These assets will be developed to provide returns via organic growth, out-licensing, sale or spin-out into new public companies.

On July 23, 2015, the Company founder and CEO, Mr. Enriques Navas, resigned from his position a director of our company and any positions that he held as an officer of the Company.  This resignation did not result from any dispute or disagreement with us, our independent accountants, our counsel or our operations, policies and practices. Mr. Navas agreed to return 1,500,000 shares of common stock owned by him to the treasury.


 
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On August 5, 2015, the Company recorded a stock split effectuated in the form a stock dividend.  The stock dividend was paid at a rate of 1.5 “new” shares for every one issued and outstanding share held. The number of outstanding shares post the dividend was 8,375,000.

We plan to incorporate a Cayman Islands subsidiary in 2016 which will hold certain intellectual property and assets that we acuire or develop in futherance of our business plan.

Our Drug Discovery Approach
 
Our mission is to: (i) license and acquire innovative life sciences assets from academia or small private companies  and provide the strategic capital, including intellectual, business development and financial advice to accelerate their product development timeline; (ii) commercialize innovative drug candidates with novel mechanizms of action using our ability to raise capital and bring experienced advisors to assist in developing such commercial plan; (iii) acquire FDA approved drugs and medical devices with limited current and commercial activity with the goal of developing a larger commercial market.
 
Research and Development Pipeline

On October 29, 2015, we entered into a Patent and Technology License and Purchase Option Agreement (“Exclusive License”) with Mannin Research Inc. (“Mannin”) whereby we were granted a worldwide, exclusive, license on, and option to, acquire certain Mannin intellectual property (“Mannin IP”) within the four-year term of the Exclusive License.

The Mannin IP is initially focused on developing a first-in-class eye drop treatment for glaucoma. The technology platform may be expanded in scope beyond ophthalmological uses and may include cystic kidney disease and others. The initial cost to acquire the Exclusive License was $50,000 and the issuance of 200,000 shares of our common stock subject to an 18-month restriction from trading and subsequent leak-out conditions. Upon Mannin completing a successful phase 1 proof of concept trial in glaucoma, we will be obligated to issue additional shares of our common stock to Mannin, also subject to leak-out conditions. We estimate this milestone to occur in the fourth quarter of 2018.

Pursuant to the Exclusive License, we may purchase the Mannin IP within the next four years in exchange for: (i) investing a minimum of $4,000,000 into the development of the Mannin IP and (ii) possibly issuing Mannin additional shares of our common stock based on meeting pre-determined valuation and market conditions.

In the event that: (i) we do not exercise the option to purchase the Mannin IP; (ii) we fail to invest the $4,000,000 within four years from the date of the Exclusive License; or (iii) we fail to make a diligent, good faith and commercially reasonable effort to progress the Mannin IP, all Mannin IP shall revert to Mannin and we shall be granted the right to collect twice the monies invested through that date of reversion by way of a royalty along with other consideration which may be perpetual.

Our Strategy

Our aim is to be a leading biotechnology acceleration and development company dedicated to acquiring and providing strategic resources to pre-clinical, clinical stage and near revenue healthcare companies and products. We have identified several targets that could provide a substantial pipeline of innovative and high value assets. We will aim to maximize risk-adjusted returns by focusing on multiple assets throughout the discovery and development cycle. We expect to benefit from early positioning in illiquid and/or unknown private assets with multiple potential products in their development cycle and capitalize on valuation growth as they move forward in their development.
 
 
 
Strategically collaborate or in- and out-license select programs.
We intend to seek to collaborate or in- and out-license certain potentially therapeutic candidate products to biotechnology or pharmaceutical companies for preclinical and clinical development and commercialization.

 
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Highly leverage external talent and resources.
We plan to maintain and further build our team which is skilled in evaluating technologies for development and product development towards commercialization. By partnering with industry specific experts, we are able to identify undervalued assets that we can fund and assist in enhancing inherent value. We plan to continue to rely on the very extensive experience of our management team to execute on our objectives.

 
 
Evaluate commercialization strategies on a product-by-product basis in order to maximize the value of our product candidates or future potential products.
As we move our drug candidates through development toward regulatory approval, we will evaluate several options for each drug candidate’s commercialization strategy. These options include building our own internal sales force; entering into a joint marketing partnership with another pharmaceutical or biotechnology company, whereby we jointly sell and market the product; and out-licensing any product that we develop by ourselves or jointly with another party, whereby another pharmaceutical or biotechnology company sells and markets such product and pays us a royalty on sales. Our decision will be made separately for each product and will be based on a number of factors including capital necessary to execute on each option, size of the market to be addressed and terms of potential offers from other pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. It is too early for us to know which of these options we will pursue for our drug candidates, assuming their successful development.

 
 
Acquire commercially or near-commercially ready products and build out the current market for such.
In addition to acquiring pre-clinical products, in assembling a diversified portfolio of healthcare assets, we plan on acquiring assets that are either FDA approved or are reasonably expected to be FDA approved within 12 months of our acquiring them. We anticipate hiring a contract sales organization to assume the bulk of the sales and distribution efforts related to any such product.
 

Patents and Intellectual Property Rights

If products we acquired do not have adequate intellectual protection, we will take the necessary steps to protect our proprietary therapeutic product candidate assets and associated technologies that are important to our business consisting of seeking and maintaining domestic and international patents. These may cover our products and compositions, their methods of use and processes for their manufacture and any other inventions that may be commercially important to the development of our business. We also rely on trade secrets to protect aspects of our business. Our competitive position depends on our ability to obtain patents on our technologies and our potential products, to defend our patents, to protect our trade secrets and to operate without infringing valid and enforceable patents or trade secrets of others. We seek licenses from others as appropriate to enhance or maintain our competitive position.

In connection with Man-01 we hold all intellectual property related thereto. A U.S. patent has been filed in 2015 as it related to Man-01, and we plan to file international patent applications in 2016.
 
Reports to Security Holders

We are subject to the reporting and other requirements of the Exchange Act and we intend to furnish our shareholders’ annual reports containing financial statements audited by our independent registered public accounting firm and to make available quarterly reports containing unaudited financial statements for each of the first three quarters of each year.  We will continue to file Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Annual Reports on Form 10-K and Current Reports on Form 8-K with the SEC in order to meet our timely and continuous disclosure requirements. We may also file additional documents with the Commission if they become necessary in the course of our operations.


 
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The public may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at the SEC's Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The address of that site is www.sec.gov.

Employees

As of January 4, 2016, we had no employees and four management consultants.

Description of Property

We maintain a virtual office at 501 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10022 which are the offices of the Company’s corporate law firm, Sanders Ortoli Vaughn-Flam Rosenstadt LLP. We also maintain a single month to month office in Grand Cayman, where the Company’s President and Chairman, Mr. Denis Corin, resides. We do not pay for the New York office and expect to pay $2,500 per month for the Grand Cayman office starting in the first quarter of 2016.

Material Agreements

In addition to other agreements described elsewhere in this current report or prior reports filed with the SEC, we have entered into several agreements that we deem material to our operations and/or our financial situation.  We set out below a summary of the terms of those agreements, but encourage you to review each of those agreements in their entirety as attached as exhibits to this current report.

On September 8, 2015 the company retained Wombat Capital Ltd provide expertise in the area of corporate development to the Company’s Management and Board Wombat Capital will provide Scientific Advisory Services as well as Transaction Specific Advisory Services. Pursuant to the agreement, the company issued 100,000 five-year warrants to purchase 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $2.18 per share. The Warrants vest in increments of 25,000 warrants per 90-day period.
 
On November 13, 2015, we entered into an advisory agreement with Pharmafor Ltd., whereby Pharmafor agreed to serve as a consultant for a term of one-year commencing on December 1, 2015. Pharmafor shall assist us in: (a) all scientific and technology development activities and direction; (b) the implementation of new asset identification and analysis of those assets; and (c) the analysis and negotiation of any financial transactions related to the licensing or acquisition of assets determined to be a strategic fit. In exhcnage for Pharmafor’s services, the Company agreed to pay: (i) a monthly retainer of $2,500 once the Company has raised a minimum of $1,000,000 in the aggregate – anticipated to be by end of the first quarter in 2016, and (ii) 100,000 five-year warrants priced at $3.00 with a cashless exercise option and vesting 25,000 per quarter.
  
On December 1, 2015, the Company retained Mr. Robert Farrill to provide expertise in the areas of Canadian investor introductions and introductory services to the Company. Pursuant to that agreement Mr. Farrill was compensated an engagement fee of 10,000 restricted common shares and a monthly retainer of 15,000 restricted common shares paid in arrears for six months for a total of 100,000 shares.
 
On December 4, 2015, we entered into a business development contract with Phab Investments Inc. Pursuant to that agreement we agreed to pay Phab 10,000 restricted common shares per month for four months. In exchange Phab agreed to provide business development services in relation to partnership and licensing opportunities. Their efforts resulted in our introduction to Mannin.
 
On December 15, 2015, we entered into a contract with Chedwick Marketing. Pursuant to that agreement, we agreed to pay Chedwick 7,000 restricted common shares per month for 6 months. In exchange for the aforementioned consideration, Chedwick will provide investor relations services to the Company, which includes: (i) social media placements, (ii) traditional media placements and (iii) contacting brokers to introduce the Company to the market. In addition to stock-based compensation, the Company has agreed to pay pre-approved cash payments as required by Chedwick in the event that they retain third parties to provide additional marketing services. During 2015, we paid $85,000 as invoiced for such services.
 
 
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Risk Factors

The following important factors among others, could cause our actual operating results to differ materially from those indicated or suggested by forward-looking statements made in this Current Report or presented elsewhere by management from time to time.

Risks Relating to Our Business
 
If we do not obtain additional financing, our business may be at risk or execution of our business plan may be delayed.

To date, the Company has raised approximately $660,000 through contacts, high net-worth individuals and strategic investors situated mainly in the United States. The Company has not generated any revenue from operations since inception. We have limited assets upon which to commence our business operations and to rely otherwise.  At January 4, 2016, we had cash and cash equivalents on hand of $450,000.  As we have a monthly burn rate of approximately $50,000, we anticipate that we will have to raise additional funds within six months to continue operations. Additional funding will be needed to implement our business plan that includes various expenses such as legal, operational set-up, general and administrative, marketing, employee salaries and other related start-up expenses.
 
We plan to raise $5 million to acquire various assets available to us in furtherance of our business plan.
 
However, we might never raise a sufficient amount of additional capital, or if we raise additional capital, do so on reasonable terms. If we do raise additional capital, our existing shareholders may incur substantial and immediate dilution. If we are not able to raise the capital necessary to fund our business objectives, we may have to delay the implementation of our business plan. We estimate that we will need approximately $20,000,000 in additional funds over the next 3 years to complete our business plan.
 
Obtaining additional funding will be subject to a number of factors, including general market conditions, investor acceptance of our business plan and initial results from our business operations. These factors may impact the timing, amount, terms or conditions of additional financing available to us. The most likely source of future funds available to us is through the sale of additional shares of common stock.
 
Our independent auditor has issued a going concern opinion after auditing our financial statements; our ability to continue depends on our ability to raise additional capital and our operations could be curtailed if we are unable to obtain required additional funding when needed.

We will be required to expend substantial amounts of working capital in order to acquire and market our proposed products and establish the necessary relationships to implement our business plan. We were incorporated on November 22, 2013. Our operations to date were funded entirely by capital raised from our private offering of securities. Notwithstanding the offering, we will continue to require additional financing to execute our business strategy.  We totally depend on external sources of financing for the foreseeable future. Failure to raise additional funds in the future will adversely affect our business operations, and may require us to suspend our operations, which in turn may result in a loss to the purchasers of our common stock. We entirely depend on our ability to attract and receive additional funding from either the sale of securities or the issuance of debt securities. Needed funds might never available to us on acceptable terms or at all. The inability to obtain sufficient funding of our operations in the future could restrict our ability to grow and reduce our ability to continue to conduct business operations. After reviewing our financial statements, our independent auditor issued a going concern opinion and our ability to continue depends on our ability to raise additional capital. If we are unable to obtain necessary financing, we will likely be required to curtail our development plans which could cause us to become dormant. Any additional equity financing may involve substantial dilution to our then existing stockholders.
 
To some extent our business relies on intellectual property owned by third parties, and this reliance exposes us to the termination of the right to use that intellectual property and may result in inadvertent infringement of patents and proprietary rights of others.


 
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Currently, we only have one asset and our business depends on our ability to continuously use the Mannin platform that we have licensed from Mannin.  If the license were to terminate, we would lose the ability to conduct our business pursuant to our plan of operations.  Our ability to pursue our business plan would then depend on finding an alternative platform to license or creating our own platform.  We may not be able to find or create a platform on a timely and cost effective basis, and even if we did, such platform might be inferior to the one we currently have a license to use and may not be attractive to potential customers.

Many entities, including some of our competitors, have or may obtain patents and other intellectual property rights that cover or affect products or services related to those assets that we license.  If a court determines that one or more aspect of the licensed platform infringes on intellectual property owned by others, we may be required to cease using that platform, to obtain licenses from the owners of the intellectual property or to redesign the platform in such a way as to avoid infringing the intellectual property rights. If a third party holds intellectual property rights, it may not allow us to use its intellectual property at any price, which could materially adversely affect our competitive position.

We may not be aware of all intellectual property rights that the licensed platform may potentially infringe. U.S. patent applications are generally confidential until the Patent and Trademark Office issues a patent. Therefore, we cannot evaluate the extent to which the licensed platform may infringe claims contained in pending patent applications. Further, without lengthy litigation, it is often not possible to determine definitively whether a claim of infringement is valid.  We may not be in a position to protect the intellectual property that we license as we are not the owners of that intellectual property and do not currently have the financial resources to engage in lengthy litigation.

Failure to acquire the intellectual property underlying any license or sublicense on which our plan of operations is based may force us to change our plan of operations.

We have to meet certain conditions to maintain ownership over the intellectual property underlying the Mannin license on which our plan of operations is based.  This acquisition may entail the acquisition of the company that holds the intellectual property, the acquisition of the intellectual property or the Acquisition of our Company with or into the company that holds the intellectual property.  If none of these occurs, we might not have the resources to maintain or license the intellectual property that is vital to our business.

We lack an operating history and have not generated any revenues to date. Future operations might never result in revenues. If we cannot generate sufficient revenues to operate profitably, we may have to cease operations.
 
As we were incorporated on November 22, 2013 and more recently changed business direction, we do not have any operating history upon which an evaluation of our future success or failure can be made. Our ability to achieve and maintain profitability and positive cash flow depends upon our ability to earn profit by attracting enough clients who will buy our product or services.  We might never generate revenues or, if we generate revenues, achieve profitability. Failure to generate revenues and profit will eventually cause us to suspend or cease operations.

We may be exposed to potential risks and significant expenses resulting from the requirements under section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
We are required, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to include in our annual report our assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. We expect to incur significant continuing costs, including accounting fees and staffing costs, in order to maintain compliance with the internal control requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Development of our business will necessitate ongoing changes to our internal control systems, processes and information systems. Currently, we have one employee. We do not intend to develop or manufacture any products, and consequently have no products in development, manufacturing facilities or intellectual property rights. As we develop our business, hire employees and consultants and seek to protect our intellectual property rights, our current design for internal control over financial reporting will not be sufficient to enable management to determine that our internal controls are effective for any period, or on an ongoing basis.  Accordingly, as we develop our business, such development and growth will necessitate changes to our internal control systems, processes and information systems, all of which will require additional costs and expenses.
  

 
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In the future, if we fail to complete the annual Section 404 evaluation in a timely manner, we could be subject to regulatory scrutiny and a loss of public confidence in our internal controls. In addition, any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations.
 
However, as an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 until the later of the year following our first annual report required to be filed with the SEC, or the date we are no longer an emerging growth company. At such time, our independent registered public accounting firm may issue a report that is adverse in the event it is not satisfied with the level at which our controls are documented, designed or operating.
 
We will incur on-going costs and expenses for SEC reporting and compliance. Without revenue, we may not be able to remain in compliance, making it difficult for investors to sell their shares, if at all.
 
Projects for the acquisition and development of the Company’s products are subject to many factors, which are outside our control.  These factors include general economic conditions in North America and worldwide (such as recession, inflation, unemployment, and interest rates), shortages of labor and materials and price of materials and competitive products and the regulation by federal and state governmental authorities.
 
Because the results of preclinical studies and early clinical trials are not necessarily predictive of future results, any product candidate we advance into clinical trials may not have favorable results in later clinical trials, if any, or receive regulatory approval.

 
Pharmaceutical development has inherent risk. We will be required to demonstrate through well-controlled clinical trials that our product candidates are effective with a favorable benefit-risk profile for use in their target indications before we can seek regulatory approvals for their commercial sale. Success in early clinical trials does not mean that later clinical trials will be successful as product candidates in later-stage clinical trials may fail to demonstrate sufficient safety or efficacy despite having progressed through initial clinical testing. We also may need to conduct additional clinical trials that are not currently anticipated. Companies frequently suffer significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials, even after earlier clinical trials have shown promising results. In addition, only a small percentage of drugs under development result in the submission of a New Drug Application or Biologics License Application (“BLA”) to the FDA and even fewer are approved for commercialization.
 
Any product candidates we advance into clinical development are subject to extensive regulation, which can be costly and time consuming, cause unanticipated delays or prevent the receipt of the required approvals to commercialize our product candidates.
 
The clinical development, manufacturing, labeling, storage, record-keeping, advertising, promotion, import, export, marketing and distribution of our product candidate, Man-01, are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA in the United States and by comparable health authorities in foreign markets. In the United States, we are not permitted to market our product candidates until we receive approval of a BLA from the FDA. The process of obtaining BLA approval is expensive, often takes many years and can vary substantially based upon the type, complexity and novelty of the products involved. In addition to the significant clinical testing requirements, our ability to obtain marketing approval for these products depends on obtaining the final results of required non-clinical testing, including characterization of the manufactured components of our product candidates and validation of our manufacturing processes. The FDA may determine that our product manufacturing processes, testing procedures or facilities are insufficient to justify approval. Approval policies or regulations may change and the FDA has substantial discretion in the pharmaceutical approval process, including the ability to delay, limit or deny approval of a product candidate for many reasons. Despite the time and expense invested in clinical development of product candidates, regulatory approval is never guaranteed.

 
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The FDA or another regulatory agency can delay, limit or deny approval of a product candidate for many reasons, including, but not limited to:
 
 
 
the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities may disagree with the design or implementation of our clinical trials;
 
 
 
we may be unable to demonstrate to the satisfaction of the FDA that a product candidate is safe and effective for any indication;
 
 
 
the FDA may not accept clinical data from trials which are conducted by individual investigators or in countries where the standard of care is potentially different from the United States;
 
 
 
the results of clinical trials may not meet the level of statistical significance required by the FDA for approval;
 
 
 
we may be unable to demonstrate that a product candidate’s clinical and other benefits outweigh its safety risks;
 
 
 
the FDA may disagree with our interpretation of data from preclinical studies or clinical trials;
 
 
 
the FDA may fail to approve our manufacturing processes or facilities or those of third-party manufacturers with which we or our collaborators contract for clinical and commercial supplies; or
 
 
 
the approval policies or regulations of the FDA may significantly change in a manner rendering our clinical data insufficient for approval.
 
With respect to foreign markets, approval procedures vary among countries and, in addition to the aforementioned risks, can involve additional product testing, administrative review periods and agreements with pricing authorities. In addition, recent events raising questions about the safety of certain marketed pharmaceuticals may result in increased cautiousness by the FDA and comparable foreign regulatory authorities in reviewing new pharmaceuticals based on safety, efficacy or other regulatory considerations and may result in significant delays in obtaining regulatory approvals. Any delay in obtaining, or inability to obtain, applicable regulatory approvals would prevent us from commercializing our product candidates.
 
Any product candidate we advance into clinical trials may cause unacceptable adverse events or have other properties that may delay or prevent their regulatory approval or commercialization or limit their commercial potential.
 
Unacceptable adverse events caused by any of our product candidates that we advance into clinical trials could cause us or regulatory authorities to interrupt, delay or halt clinical trials and could result in the denial of regulatory approval by the FDA or other regulatory authorities for any or all targeted indications and markets. This, in turn, could prevent us from commercializing the affected product candidate and generating revenues from its sale. For example, in Phase 1/2 oncology trials, dose limiting toxicity, or DLT, stopping rules are commonly applied. If we acquire a pre-clinical oncology asset, as we plan to, any DLT that could suspend or stop dose escalation by predetermined criteria, including allergic reactions, prolonged aplasia or other organ toxicities of a serious nature.
 
We have not yet completed testing of any of our product candidates for the treatment of the indications for which we intend to seek product approval in humans, and we currently do not know the extent of adverse events, if any, that will be observed in patients who receive any of our product candidates. If any of our product candidates cause unacceptable adverse events in clinical trials, we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval or commercialize such product or, if such product candidate is approved for marketing, future adverse events could cause us to withdraw such product from the market.
 
Delays in the commencement of our clinical trials could result in increased costs and delay our ability to pursue regulatory approval.
 
The commencement of clinical trials can be delayed for a variety of reasons, including delays in:
 
 
 
obtaining regulatory clearance to commence a clinical trial;
 

 
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identifying, recruiting and training suitable clinical investigators;
 
 
 
reaching agreement on acceptable terms with prospective clinical research organizations, or CROs, and trial sites, the terms of which can be subject to extensive negotiation, may be subject to modification from time to time and may vary significantly among different CROs and trial sites;
 
 
 
obtaining sufficient quantities of a product candidate for use in clinical trials;
 
 
 
obtaining Investigator Review Board, or IRB, or ethics committee approval to conduct a clinical trial at a prospective site;
 
 
 
identifying, recruiting and enrolling patients to participate in a clinical trial; and
 
 
 
retaining patients who have initiated a clinical trial but may withdraw due to adverse events from the therapy, insufficient efficacy, fatigue with the clinical trial process or personal issues.
 
Any delays in the commencement of our clinical trials will delay our ability to pursue regulatory approval for our product candidates. In addition, many of the factors that cause, or lead to, a delay in the commencement of clinical trials may also ultimately lead to the denial of regulatory approval of a product candidate.
 
Suspensions or delays in the completion of clinical testing could result in increased costs to us and delay or prevent our ability to complete development of that product or generate product revenues.
 
Once a clinical trial has begun, patient recruitment and enrollment may be slower than we anticipate. Clinical trials may also be delayed as a result of ambiguous or negative interim results or difficulties in obtaining sufficient quantities of product manufactured in accordance with regulatory requirements and on a timely basis. Further, a clinical trial may be modified, suspended or terminated by us, an IRB, an ethics committee or a data safety monitoring committee overseeing the clinical trial, any clinical trial site with respect to that site, or the FDA or other regulatory authorities due to a number of factors, including:
 
 
 
failure to conduct the clinical trial in accordance with regulatory requirements or our clinical protocols;
 
 
 
inspection of the clinical trial operations or clinical trial sites by the FDA or other regulatory authorities resulting in the imposition of a clinical hold;
 
 
 
stopping rules contained in the protocol;
 
 
 
unforeseen safety issues or any determination that the clinical trial presents unacceptable health risks; and
 
 
 
lack of adequate funding to continue the clinical trial.
 
Changes in regulatory requirements and guidance also may occur and we may need to amend clinical trial protocols to reflect these changes. Amendments may require us to resubmit our clinical trial protocols to IRBs for re-examination, which may impact the costs, timing and the likelihood of a successful completion of a clinical trial. If we experience delays in the completion of, or if we must suspend or terminate, any clinical trial of any product candidate, our ability to obtain regulatory approval for that product candidate will be delayed and the commercial prospects, if any, for the product candidate may suffer as a result. In addition, any of these factors may also ultimately lead to the denial of regulatory approval of a product candidate.
 
Even if approved, Man-01 or any other product candidates that we may develop and market may be later withdrawn from the market or subject to promotional limitations.
 
We may not be able to obtain the labeling claims necessary or desirable for the promotion of our product candidates if approved. We may also be required to undertake post-marketing clinical trials. If the results of such post-marketing studies are not satisfactory or if adverse events or other safety issues arise after approval, the FDA or a comparable regulatory agency in another country may withdraw marketing authorization or may condition continued marketing on commitments from us that may be expensive and/or time consuming to complete. In addition, if we or others identify adverse side effects after any of our products are on the market, or if manufacturing problems occur, regulatory approval may be withdrawn and reformulation of our products, additional clinical trials, changes in labeling of our products and additional marketing applications may be required. Any reformulation or labeling changes may limit the marketability of our products if approved.
 

 
10

 

Our dependence on third party suppliers or our inability to successfully produce any product could adversely impact our business.
 
We currently have no formal arrangement with any party to supply us with our requirements of Man-01. If we are unable to find a partner to manufacture the necessary product, there would be a significant interruption of our supply, which would materially adversely affect clinical development and potential commercialization of the product. In the event that the FDA or such other agencies determine that we or any third-party suppliers have not complied with cGMP, our clinical trials could be terminated or subjected to a clinical hold until such time as we or any third party are able to obtain appropriate replacement material. Furthermore, if any contract manufacturer who supply us cannot successfully manufacture material that conforms to our specifications and with FDA regulatory requirements, we will not be able to secure and/or maintain FDA approval for Man-01. We, and any third-party suppliers are and will be required to maintain compliance with cGMPs and will be subject to inspections by the FDA or comparable agencies in other jurisdictions to confirm such compliance.
 
We do and will also rely on our partners and manufacturers to purchase from third-party suppliers the materials necessary to produce our product candidates for our anticipated clinical trials. We do not have any control over the process or timing of the acquisition of raw materials by our manufacturers. Moreover, we currently do not have any agreements for the commercial production of these raw materials. Any significant delay in the supply of a product candidate or the raw material components thereof for an ongoing clinical trial could considerably delay completion of our clinical trials, product testing and potential regulatory approval of our product candidates.

We may not have the resources or capacity to commercially manufacture Man-01, if approved, and we will likely continue to be dependent upon third party manufacturers. Our current inability or our dependence on third parties to manufacture and supply us with clinical trial materials and any approved products may adversely affect our ability to develop and commercialize Man-01 on a timely basis or at all.

We will likely rely on third parties to conduct our clinical trials. If these third parties do not meet our deadlines or otherwise conduct the trials as required, our clinical development programs could be delayed or unsuccessful and we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for or commercialize our product candidates when expected or at all.
 
We do not have the ability to conduct all aspects of our preclinical testing or clinical trials ourselves. We intend and do use CROs to conduct our planned clinical trials and will and do rely upon such CROs, as well as medical institutions, clinical investigators and consultants, to conduct our trials in accordance with our clinical protocols. Our CROs, investigators and other third parties will and do play a significant role in the conduct of these trials and the subsequent collection and analysis of data from the clinical trials.
 
There is no guarantee that any CROs, investigators and other third parties upon which we rely for administration and conduct of our clinical trials will devote adequate time and resources to such trials or perform as contractually required. If any of these third parties fail to meet expected deadlines, fail to adhere to our clinical protocols or otherwise perform in a substandard manner, our clinical trials may be extended, delayed or terminated. If any of our clinical trial sites terminate for any reason, we may experience the loss of follow-up information on patients enrolled in our ongoing clinical trials unless we are able to transfer the care of those patients to another qualified clinical trial site. In addition, principal investigators for our clinical trials may serve as scientific advisors or consultants to us from time to time and receive cash or equity compensation in connection with such services. If these relationships and any related compensation result in perceived or actual conflicts of interest, the integrity of the data generated at the applicable clinical trial site may be jeopardized.

 
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If our competitors develop treatments for the target indications of our product candidates that are approved more quickly, marketed more successfully or demonstrated to be more effective than our product candidates, our commercial opportunity will be reduced or eliminated.
 
We operate in highly competitive segments of the biotechnology and biopharmaceutical markets. We face competition from many different sources, including commercial pharmaceutical and biotechnology enterprises, academic institutions, government agencies, and private and public research institutions. Our product candidates, if successfully developed and approved, will compete with established therapies, as well as new treatments that may be introduced by our competitors. Many of our competitors have significantly greater financial, product development, manufacturing and marketing resources than us. Large pharmaceutical companies have extensive experience in clinical testing and obtaining regulatory approval for drugs. In addition, many universities and private and public research institutes are active in cancer research, some in direct competition with us. We also may compete with these organizations to recruit management, scientists and clinical development personnel. Smaller or early-stage companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements with large and established companies. New developments, including the development of other biological and pharmaceutical technologies and methods of treating disease, occur in the pharmaceutical and life sciences industries at a rapid pace. Developments by competitors may render our product candidates obsolete or noncompetitive. We will also face competition from these third parties in recruiting and retaining qualified personnel, establishing clinical trial sites and patient registration for clinical trials and in identifying and in-licensing new product candidates.
 
If we are unable to establish sales and marketing capabilities or fail to enter into agreements with third parties to market, distribute and sell any products we may successfully develop, we may not be able to effectively market and sell any such products and generate product revenue.
 
We do not currently have the infrastructure for the sales, marketing and distribution of any of our product candidates, and must build this infrastructure or make arrangements with third parties to perform these functions in order to commercialize any products that we may successfully develop. The establishment and development of a sales force, either by us or jointly with a partner, or the establishment of a contract sales force to market any products we may develop will be expensive and time-consuming and could delay any product launch. If we, or our partners, are unable to establish sales and marketing capability or any other non-technical capabilities necessary to commercialize any products we may successfully develop, we will need to contract with third parties to market and sell such products. We may not be able to establish arrangements with third parties on acceptable terms, or at all.
 
If any product candidate that we successfully develop does not achieve broad market acceptance among physicians, patients, healthcare payors and the medical community, the revenues that it generates from their sales will be limited.
 
Even if our product candidates receive regulatory approval, they may not gain market acceptance among physicians, patients, healthcare payors and the medical community. Coverage and reimbursement of our product candidates by third-party payors, including government payors, generally is also necessary for commercial success. The degree of market acceptance of any approved products will depend on a number of factors, including:
 
 
 
the efficacy and safety as demonstrated in clinical trials;
 
 
 
the clinical indications for which the product is approved;
 
 
 
acceptance by physicians, major operators of hospitals and clinics and patients of the product as a safe and effective treatment;
 
 
 
acceptance of the product by the target population;
 
 
 
the potential and perceived advantages of product candidates over alternative treatments;
 
 
 
the safety of product candidates seen in a broader patient group, including its use outside the approved indications;
 
 
 
the cost of treatment in relation to alternative treatments;
 

 
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the availability of adequate reimbursement and pricing by third parties and government authorities;
 
 
 
relative convenience and ease of administration;
 
 
 
the prevalence and severity of adverse events;
 
 
 
the effectiveness of our sales and marketing efforts; and
 
 
 
unfavorable publicity relating to the product.
 
If any product candidate is approved but does not achieve an adequate level of acceptance by physicians, hospitals, healthcare payors and patients, we may not generate sufficient revenue from these products and may not become or remain profitable.
 
We may expend our limited resources to pursue a particular product candidate or indication and fail to capitalize on product candidates or indications for which there may be a greater likelihood of success.
 
Because we have limited financial and managerial resources, we will focus on a limited number of research programs and product candidates for specific indications. As a result, we may forego or delay pursuit of opportunities with other product candidates for other indications for which there may be a greater likelihood of success or may prove to have greater commercial potential. Notwithstanding our investment to date and anticipated future expenditures on Man-01, we have not yet developed, and may never successfully develop, any marketed treatments using these products. Research programs to identify new product candidates or pursue alternative indications for current product candidates require substantial technical, financial and human resources. Although we intend to and do support certain investigator-sponsored clinical trials of Man-01 evaluating various indications, these activities may initially show promise in identifying potential product candidates or indications, yet fail to yield product candidates or indications for further clinical development.
 
We may incur substantial product liability or indemnification claims relating to the clinical testing of our product candidates.
 
We face an inherent risk of product liability exposure related to the testing of our product candidates in human clinical trials, and claims could be brought against us if use or misuse of one of our product candidates causes, or merely appears to have caused, personal injury or death. While we have and intend to maintain product liability insurance relating to our clinical trials, our coverage may not be sufficient to cover claims that may be made against us and we may be unable to maintain such insurance. Any claims against us, regardless of their merit, could severely harm our financial condition, strain our management and other resources or destroy the prospects for commercialization of the product which is the subject of any such claim. We are unable to predict if we will be able to obtain or maintain product liability insurance for any products that may be approved for marketing. Additionally, we have entered into various agreements where we indemnify third parties for certain claims relating to our product candidates. These indemnification obligations may require us to pay significant sums of money for claims that are covered by these indemnifications.
 
Healthcare reform and restrictions on reimbursements may limit our financial returns.
 
Our ability or the ability of our collaborators to commercialize any of our product candidates that we successfully develop may depend, in part, on the extent to which government health administration authorities, private health insurers and other organizations will reimburse consumers for the cost of these products. These third parties are increasingly challenging both the need for and the price of new drug products. Significant uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of newly approved therapeutics. Adequate third-party reimbursement may not be available for our product candidates to enable us or our collaborators to maintain price levels sufficient to realize an appropriate return on their and our investments in research and product development.

 
13

 
 
If we fail to attract and retain key management and clinical development personnel, we may be unable to successfully develop or commercialize our product candidates.
 
We will need to expand and effectively manage our managerial, operational, financial and other resources in order to successfully pursue our clinical development and commercialization efforts. As a company with a limited number of personnel, we are highly dependent on the development, regulatory, commercial and financial expertise of the members of our senior management and advisors, in particular Denis Corin, our chairman and chief executive officer. The loss of this individual or the services of any of our other senior management could delay or prevent the further development and potential commercialization of our product candidates and, if we are not successful in finding suitable replacements, could harm our business. Our success also depends on our continued ability to attract, retain and motivate highly qualified management and scientific personnel and we may not be able to do so in the future due to the intense competition for qualified personnel among biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, as well as universities and research organizations. If we are not able to attract and retain the necessary personnel, we may experience significant impediments to our ability to implement our business strategy.
 
Our success will depend upon intellectual property, proprietary technologies and regulatory market exclusivity periods, and the intellectual property protection for our product candidates depends significantly on third parties.
 
Our success will depend, in large part, on obtaining and maintaining patent protection and trade secret protection for our product candidates and their formulations and uses, as well as successfully defending these patents against third-party challenges. Mannin is responsible for prosecuting and maintaining patent protection relating to its patents relating to Man-01. If Mannin fails to appropriately prosecute and maintain patent protection for Man-01, our ability to develop and commercialize these product candidates may be adversely affected and we may not be able to prevent competitors from making, using and selling competing products. This failure to properly protect the intellectual property rights relating to this product could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
 
The patent application process is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, and there can be no assurance that we or our partners will be successful in protecting our product candidates by obtaining and defending patents. These risks and uncertainties include the following:
 
 
 
patent applications may not result in any patents being issued;
 
 
 
patents that may be issued or in-licensed may be challenged, invalidated, modified, revoked, circumvented, found to be unenforceable, or otherwise may not provide any competitive advantage;
 
 
 
our competitors, many of which have substantially greater resources than we or our partners and many of which have made significant investments in competing technologies, may seek, or may already have obtained, patents that will limit, interfere with, or eliminate our ability to make, use and sell our potential products;
 
 
 
there may be significant pressure on the U.S. government and other international governmental bodies to limit the scope of patent protection both inside and outside the United States for disease treatments that prove successful as a matter of public policy regarding worldwide health concerns; and
 
 
 
countries other than the United States may have patent laws less favorable to patentees than those upheld by U.S. courts, allowing foreign competitors a better opportunity to create, develop, and market competing products.
 
In addition to patents, we and our partners also rely on trade secrets and proprietary know-how. Although we have taken steps to protect our trade secrets and unpatented know-how, including entering into confidentiality agreements with third parties, and confidential information and inventions agreements with employees, consultants and advisors, third parties may still obtain this information or come upon this same or similar information independently.

 
14

 
 
We also intend to rely on our ability to obtain and maintain a regulatory period of market exclusivity for any of our biologic product candidates that are successfully developed and approved for commercialization. Although this period in the United States is currently 12 years from the date of marketing approval, there is a risk that the U.S. Congress could amend laws to significantly shorten this exclusivity period, as proposed by President Obama. Once any regulatory period of exclusivity expires, depending on the status of our patent coverage and the nature of the product, we may not be able to prevent others from marketing products that are biosimilar to or interchangeable with our products, which would materially adversely affect us.
 
In addition, U.S. patent laws may change which could prevent or limit us from filing patent applications or patent claims to protect our products and/or technologies or limit the exclusivity periods that are available to patent holders. For example, on September 16, 2011, the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act, or the America Invents Act, was signed into law, and includes a number of significant changes to U.S. patent law. These include changes to transition from a “first-to-invent” system to a “first-to-file” system and to the way issued patents are challenged. These changes may favor larger and more established companies that have more resources to devote to patent application filing and prosecution. The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office implemented the America Invents Act on March 16, 2013, and it remains to be seen how the judicial system and the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office will interpret and enforce these new laws. Accordingly, it is not clear what impact, if any, the America Invents Act will ultimately have on the cost of prosecuting our patent applications, our ability to obtain patents based on our discoveries and our ability to enforce or defend our issued patents.
 
If we or our partners are sued for infringing intellectual property rights of third parties, it will be costly and time consuming, and an unfavorable outcome in that litigation would have a material adverse effect on our business.
 
Our success also depends on our ability and the ability of any of our future collaborators to develop, manufacture, market and sell our product candidates without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties. Numerous U.S. and foreign issued patents and pending patent applications, which are owned by third parties, exist in the fields in which we are developing products, some of which may be directed at claims that overlap with the subject matter of our intellectual property. Because patent applications can take many years to issue, there may be currently pending applications, unknown to us, which may later result in issued patents that our product candidates or proprietary technologies may infringe. Similarly, there may be issued patents relevant to our product candidates of which we are not aware.
 
There is a substantial amount of litigation involving patent and other intellectual property rights in the biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries generally. If a third party claims that we or any of our licensors, suppliers or collaborators infringe the third party’s intellectual property rights, we may have to:
 
 
 
obtain licenses, which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all;
 
 
 
abandon an infringing product candidate or redesign our products or processes to avoid infringement;
 
 
 
pay substantial damages, including the possibility of treble damages and attorneys’ fees, if a court decides that the product or proprietary technology at issue infringes on or violates the third party’s rights;
 
 
 
pay substantial royalties, fees and/or grant cross licenses to our technology; and/or
 
 
 
defend litigation or administrative proceedings which may be costly whether we win or lose, and which could result in a substantial diversion of our financial and management resources.
 
We may be involved in lawsuits to protect or enforce our patents or the patents of our licensors, which could be expensive, time consuming and unsuccessful.
 
Competitors may infringe our patents or the patents of our licensors. To counter infringement or unauthorized use, we may be required to file infringement claims, which can be expensive and time-consuming. An adverse result in any litigation or defense proceedings could put one or more of our patents at risk of being invalidated, found to be unenforceable, or interpreted narrowly and could put our patent applications at risk of not issuing. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there is a risk that some of our confidential information could be compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation.

 
15

 
 
We may be subject to claims that our consultants or independent contractors have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of their other clients or former employers to us.
 
As is common in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry, we engage the services of consultants to assist us in the development of our product candidates. Many of these consultants were previously employed at, or may have previously been or are currently providing consulting services to, other biotechnology or pharmaceutical companies, including our competitors or potential competitors. We may become subject to claims that we or these consultants have inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of their former employers or their former or current customers. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these claims. Even if we are successful in defending against these claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management.
 
Risks Associated with our Capital Stock

Because prior to this filing, we were considered to be a “shell company” under applicable securities rules, investors may not be able to rely on the resale exemption provided by Rule 144 of the Securities Act unless and until we have ceased to be a shell company and have satisfied the requirements of Rule 144(i)(1)(2). As a result, investors may not be able to re-sell our shares for one year from the date of this filing and could lose their entire investment.
 
Prior to the license of the Man-01and the completion of a material portion of our recent fundraising, we were a “shell company” as defined by Rule 12b-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act. Accordingly, any securities we sell can only be resold through registration under the Securities Act, meeting the safe harbor provisions of paragraph (i) of Rule 144, or in reliance upon Section 4(1) of the Securities Act of 1933 for non-affiliates. 

The SEC adopted final rules amending Rule 144 that became effective on February 15, 2008. Pursuant to Rule 144, one year must elapse from the time we were no longer considered a "shell company" as defined by Rule 405 of the Securities Act and Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act by filing a Form 10 information with the SEC after which time we must remain current in our filing obligations, before a restricted shareholder can resell their holdings in reliance on Rule 144. 
 
The term "Form 10 information" means the information that is required by SEC Form 10, to register under the Exchange Act each class of securities being sold under Rule 144. The Form 10 information is deemed filed when the initial filing is made with the SEC. Under Rule 144, restricted or unrestricted securities, that were initially issued by a reporting or non-reporting shell company or a company that was at anytime previously a reporting or non-reporting shell company, can only be resold in reliance on Rule 144 if the following conditions are met: (1) the issuer of the securities that was formerly a reporting or non-reporting shell company has ceased to be a shell company; (2) the issuer of the securities is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act; (3) the issuer of the securities has filed all reports and material required to be filed under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as applicable, during the preceding twelve months (or shorter period that the issuer was required to file such reports and materials), other than Form 8-K reports; and (4) at least one year has elapsed from the time the issuer filed the current Form 10 information with the SEC reflecting its status as an entity that is not a shell company.

Our shares of common stock are subject to the “penny stock’ rules of the securities and exchange commission and the trading market in our securities will be limited, which will make transactions in our stock cumbersome and may reduce the value of an investment in our stock.
 

 
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The SEC has adopted rules that regulate broker-dealer practices in connection with transactions in "penny stocks.”  Penny stocks generally are equity securities with a price of less than $5 (other than securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or quoted on the NASDAQ system, provided that current price and volume information with respect to transactions in such securities is provided by the exchange or system).  Penny stock rules require a broker-dealer, prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from those rules, to deliver a standardized risk disclosure document prepared by the SEC, which specifies information about penny stocks and the nature and significance of risks of the penny stock market.  A broker-dealer must also provide the customer with bid and offer quotations for the penny stock, the compensation of the broker-dealer, and sales person in the transaction, and monthly account statements indicating the market value of each penny stock held in the customer's account.  In addition, the penny stock rules require that, prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from those rules, the broker-dealer must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the purchaser's written agreement to the transaction.  These disclosure requirements may have the effect of reducing the trading activity in the secondary market for stock that becomes subject to those penny stock rules.  If a trading market for our common stock develops, our common stock will probably become subject to the penny stock rules, and shareholders may have difficulty in selling their shares.
 
Our shares of common stock trading on the OTCQB will fluctuate significantly. There is a volatility associated with Bulletin Board securities in general and the value of your investment could decline due to the impact of any of the following factors upon the market price of our common stock: (i) disappointing results from our discovery or development efforts; (ii) failure to meet our revenue or profit goals or operating budget; (iii) decline in demand for our common stock; (iv) downward revisions in securities analysts' estimates or changes in general market conditions; (v) technological innovations by competitors or in competing technologies; (vi) lack of funding generated for operations; (vii) investor perception of our industry or our prospects; and (viii) general economic trends.
 
Any additional funding we arrange through the sale of our common stock or securities convertible into our common stock will result in dilution to existing shareholders.
 
We must raise additional capital in order for our business plan to succeed. Our most likely source of additional capital will be through the sale of additional shares of our common stock. Such stock issuances will cause stockholders' interests in the Company to be diluted. Such dilution will negatively affect the value of investors’ shares.
 
Our articles of association provide indemnification for officers, directors and employees.

Our governing instruments provide that officers, directors, employees and other agents and their affiliates shall only be liable to our Company for losses, judgments, liabilities and expenses that result from the negligence, misconduct, fraud or other breach of fiduciary obligations. Thus certain alleged errors or omissions might not be actionable by us. The governing instruments also provide that, under the broadest circumstances allowed under law, we must indemnify our officers, directors, employees and other agents and their affiliates for losses, judgments, liabilities, expenses and amounts paid in settlement of any claims sustained by them in connection with our Company, including liabilities under applicable securities laws.
 
The market price of our common stock may be volatile and may fluctuate in a way that is disproportionate to our operating performance.
 
Our stock price may experience substantial volatility as a result of a number of factors, including:
 
 
 
sales or potential sales of substantial amounts of our common stock;
 
 
 
delay or failure in initiating or completing pre-clinical or clinical trials or unsatisfactory results of these trials;
 
 
 
announcements about us or about our competitors, including clinical trial results, regulatory approvals or new product introductions;
 
 
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developments concerning our licensors, product manufacturers or our ability to produce Man-01;
 
 
 
litigation and other developments relating to our patents or other proprietary rights or those of our competitors;
 
 
 
conditions in the pharmaceutical or biotechnology industries;
 
 
 
governmental regulation and legislation;
 
 
 
variations in our anticipated or actual operating results; and
 
 
 
change in securities analysts’ estimates of our performance, or our failure to meet analysts’ expectations.
 
Many of these factors are beyond our control. The stock markets in general, and the market for pharmaceutical and biotechnological companies in particular, have historically experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. These fluctuations often have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies. These broad market and industry factors could reduce the market price of our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance.
 
Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock, or the perception that such sales may occur, may adversely impact the price of our common stock.
 
3,125,002 of our outstanding shares of common stock as of January 4, 2016, are unrestricted and freely tradable. Our remaining outstanding shares of common stock and the shares of our common stock underlying our outstanding warrants are not available for sale in the public market, either pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, or an effective registration statement. As a result, we have a limited market of potential sellers. Further, we do not have a liquid market as we average approximately 10,000 shares traded on a daily basis. Therefore, sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock, or the perception that such sales may occur, may adversely impact the price of our common stock.
 
Description of Property

The Company maintains a corporate office at 501 Madison Avenue, 14th Floor, New York, NY 10022. Such office is solely for the purpose of maintaining a physical presence to receive correspondence and it is at no cost as our general counsel maintains his offices at that location. Our chief executive officer works from an office located at Cayman Enterprise City, George Town, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

The following table shows the number and percentage of shares of the Company’s common stock owned of record and beneficially by each director and each officer of the Company, and by each person beneficially owning more than five (5%) percent of any class of the common stock, as of January 4, 2016.
 
As used in the table below, the term “beneficial ownership” means the sole or shared power to vote or direct the voting, or to dispose or direct the disposition, of any security. A person is deemed as of any date to have beneficial ownership of any security that such person has a right to acquire within 60 days after such date. Except as otherwise indicated, the stockholders listed below have sole voting and investment powers with respect to the shares indicated.
 

 
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Percent
 
     
Title of Stock
 
Beneficial
 
of
 
Name and Postion
 
Class
 
Ownership
 
Class (2)
 
                 
Denis Corin(1)
 
Common Stock
 
2,500,000
 (Direct)
29%
 
                 
William Rosenstadt (1)(3)
 
Common Stock
 
875,000
 (Direct)
10%
 
                 
Ari Jatwes
   
Common stock
 
625,000
 (Direct)
  7%
 
                 
All Directors and Officers as a Group
 
Common Stock
 
3,375,000
 
39%
 
 
(1)
 
Indicates officer and director.
(2)
 
The percentage of common stock is calculated based upon 8,597,131shares issued and outstanding as of January 4, 2016.
(3)
 
Includes 250,000 five-year warrants exercisable at $4.15 per share which expire on January 4, 2021 which were issued to Mr. Rosenstadt on behalf of his law firm.
     

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
 
The following table sets forth information with respect to persons who are serving as directors and officers of the Company.  Each director holds office until the next annual meeting of shareholders or until his successor has been elected and qualified.
 
           
Held
           
Position
Name
 
Age
 
Positions
 
Since
             
Denis Corin
 
43
 
Chief Executive Officer and Director (Chairman)
 
2015
             
William Rosenstadt
 
47
 
General Counsel and Director
 
2015
             
 
Biography of Directors and Officers
 
Mr. Denis Corin has been the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of the Company since April 21, 2015. Mr. Corin is a management consultant. He has worked for large pharmaceutical (Novartis) and diagnostic instrumentation companies (Beckman Coulter) in their sales organizations responsible for sales in multi-product disciplines including pharmaceuticals and diagnostics and diagnostic automation equipment. After Novartis and Beckman Coulter, he served as Director of Investor Relations in the small-cap biotech arena at MIV Therapeutics Inc, a company specializing in next generation drug delivery and drug eluting cardiovascular stents. Mr. Corin served as an executive and on the board of directors of TapImmune Inc. from July 2009 to May 2012. He received his Bachelor degrees in Economics and Marketing from the University of Natal, South Africa in 1996.
 
Mr. William Rosenstadt was appointed as the Company’s general counsel and member of the Company’s board of directors on June 1, 2015. Mr. Rosenstadt is a practicing corporate and securities lawyer. He is also the founding member and the managing partner of Sanders Ortoli Vaughn-Flam Rosenstadt LLP, a law firm, formed in 2007. Mr. Rosenstadt received his Juris Doctorate from Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law in 1995 and his Bachelor of Arts from Syracuse University in 1990.


 
19

 

Executive Compensation

Our directors do not receive any stated salary for their services as directors or members of committees of the board of directors, but by resolution of the board, a fixed fee may be allowed for attendance at each meeting. Directors may also serve the Company in other capacities as an officer, agent or otherwise, and may receive compensation for their services in such other capacity. No such fees have been paid to any director since incorporation.  Reasonable travel expenses are reimbursed.

The following table sets forth information concerning all cash compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to all individuals serving as the Company’s principal executive officers during the last two completed fiscal years ended November 30, 2014 and 2015, respectively and all non-cash compensation awarded to those same individuals in those time periods.
 

                         
         Stock
 
            All Other
         
Name and Principal Position
 
Year
 
Salary
 
Bonus
 
Awards
 
Compensation(1)
 
Total
         
                                             
Denis Corin (2)
 
2015
 
$
 
$
 
$
   
2,500,000
 
$
         
Chief Executive Officer
 
2014
 
$
 
$
 
$
                     
                                             
William Rosenstadt (3)
 
2015
 
$
 
$
 
$
   
150,000
 
$
         
General Counsel and Director
 
2014
 
$
 
$
 
$
                     
                                                                               
(1)           Shares of Company common stock.
(2)           Mr. Denis Corin was appointed as Chief Executive Officer and Director on April 21, 2015.
(3)
Mr. William Rosenstadt was appointed as General Counsel and Director on June 5, 2015. In addition to those shares issued for Mr. Rosenstadt serving on the Company’s board of directors, Mr. Rosenstadt’s law firm received 200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock for legal services through October 2015 of which 100,000 shares were issued to Mr. Rosenstadt. Mr. Rosenstadt also received 250,000 five-year cashless warrants exercisable at $4.15 per share which exterminate on January 4, 2021 on behalf of his law firm as additional consideration for legal services performed through November 2015.
 
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
 
The Company has entered into advisory agreements with each of our two officers and directors and our consultants Mr. Ari Jatwes and Wombat Capital, Ltd. as disclosed in the reports on Form 8-K filed on April 30 and June 16, 2015 and the quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on October 20, 2015, respectively.

Legal Proceedings

No current litigation, arbitration, forced mediation, governmental hearings or governmental investigations or other legal proceedings have been initiated against the Company, and none have been threatened.

Market Price of and Dividends on the Company’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters.

We have one class of equity securities issued and outstanding, common voting equity shares ("Common Stock"). Our Common Stock is quoted on the OTCQB under the symbol "QBIO ".  As of January 4, 2016, the Company’s Common Stock is held by 44 shareholders of record, which does not include shares that are held in street or nominee name.
 

 
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The closing share prices presented below represent prices between broker-dealers and do not include retail mark-ups and mark-downs or any commission to the dealer and have been adjusted for the two and one-half-for-one forward stock split which occurred on August 5, 2015.  The following chart is indicative of the fluctuations in the stock prices. All prices take the dividend into account whether it had occurred or not.
 
   
For Year Ended November 30, 2015 and Stub Period Ended December 31, 2015
   
High
   
Low
February 28, 2015
 
$
N/A    
$
N/A
May 30, 2015
 
$
N/A     
$
N/A
August 31, 2015
 
$
1.60
   
$
0.60
November 30, 2015
 
$
3.55
   
$
1.95
December 31, 2015
 
$
4.39
   
$
3.85

Our authorized capital stock consists of 250,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share and 100,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock, $.001 par value. The holders of our common stock:
 
 
*
have equal ratable rights to dividends from funds legally available if and when declared by our board of directors;
 
*
are entitled to share ratably in all of our assets available for distribution to holders of common stock upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs;
 
*
do not have preemptive, subscription or conversion rights and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions or rights; and
 
*
are entitled to one non-cumulative vote per share on all matters on which stockholders may vote.
 
We refer you to our Amended Articles of Incorporation, Bylaws and the applicable statutes of the State of Nevada for a more complete description of the rights and liabilities of holders of our securities.

Dividend Distributions
 
We have not historically and do not intend to distribute dividends to stockholders in the foreseeable future.

Description of Registrant’s Securities.

General
 
Our authorized capital stock consists of 250,000,000 shares of common stock at a par value of $0.001 per share and 100,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock at a par value of $0.001 per share.
 
Common Stock
 
As of January 4, 2016, there were 8,597,131 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding held by 44 stockholders of record.
 
Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a stockholder vote. Holders of common stock do not have cumulative voting rights.  Therefore, holders of a majority of the shares of common stock voting for the election of directors can elect all of the directors.  Holders of our common stock representing a majority of the voting power of our capital stock issued, outstanding and entitled to vote, represented in person or by proxy, are necessary to constitute a quorum at any meeting of our stockholders.  A vote by the holders of a majority of our outstanding shares is required to effectuate certain fundamental corporate changes such as liquidation, Acquisition or an amendment to our articles of incorporation.
  
Holders of common stock are entitled to share in all dividends that the board of directors, in its discretion, declares from legally available funds.  In the event of a liquidation, dissolution or winding up, each outstanding share entitles its holder to participate pro rata in all assets that remain after payment of liabilities and after providing for each class of stock, if any, having preference over the common stock.  Holders of our common stock have no pre-emptive rights, no conversion rights and there are no redemption provisions applicable to our common stock.
 

 
21

 

Preferred Stock
 
As of January 4, 2016 we do not have any shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding.
 
Dividend Policy
 
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock.  We currently intend to retain future earnings, if any, to finance the expansion of our business.  As a result, we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
 
Share Purchase Warrants
 
On September 17, 2015, we issued 100,000 five-year warrants to Wombat Capital, Ltd. with an exercise price of $2.18 per share pursuant to an advisory agreement whereby certain members of Wombat will serve on the Company’s advisory board for a period of one year from that date.
 
On November 13, 2015, we issued 100,000 five-year warrants to Pharmafor Ltd with an exercise price of $3.00 per share vesting 25,000 warrants on a quarterly basis pursuant to a consulting agreement whereby Pharmafor will provide various business development consulting services to us.
 
On January 4, 2016, we issued 250,000 five-year warrants to our law-firm with an exercise price of $4.15 per share in settlement of legal services performed from May through November 2016. Mr. Rosenstadt has dispositive control over such warrants.
 
Options
 
Other than the warrants that have been disclosed in this report on Form 8-K, we have no outstanding options to purchase shares of our common stock.
 
Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

Nevada Corporation Law allows for the indemnification of officers, directors, and any corporate agents in terms sufficiently broad to indemnify such persons under certain circumstances for liabilities, including reimbursement for expenses, incurred arising under the 1933 Act. The bylaws of the Company provide that the Company will indemnify its directors and officers to the fullest extent authorized or permitted by law and such right to indemnification will continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer of the Company and will inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and consultants; provided, however, that, except for proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification, the Company will not be obligated to indemnify any director or officer in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board of Directors. The right to indemnification conferred will include the right to be paid by the Company the expenses (including attorney’s fees) incurred in defending any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition.
 
Furthermore, the Company may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any director, officer, employee or agent of the Company or another company against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Company would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the Nevada General Corporation Law.
 
In addition, our amended and restated bylaws provide that we will indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any person who is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any action, suit, or proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was one of our directors or officers or is or was serving at our request as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise. Our amended and restated bylaws provide that we may indemnify to the fullest extent permitted by law any person who is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any action, suit, or proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was one of our employees or agents or is or was serving at our request as an employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise. Our amended and restated bylaws also provide that we must advance expenses incurred by or on behalf of a director or officer in advance of the final disposition of any action or proceeding, subject to limited exceptions.


 
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Further, we may enter into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers that may be broader than the specific indemnification provisions contained in the Nevada Corporation Law. These indemnification agreements require us, among other things, to indemnify our directors and executive officers against liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service. These indemnification agreements also require us to advance all expenses incurred by the directors and executive officers in investigating or defending any such action, suit or proceeding. We believe that these agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve as directors and executive officers.

The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions that are included in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws, and indemnification agreements with our directors and executive officers may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against our directors and executive officers for breach of their fiduciary duties. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against our directors and executive officers, even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and other stockholders. Further, a stockholder’s investment may be adversely affected to the extent that we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and executive officers as required by these indemnification provisions. At present, we are not aware of any pending litigation or proceeding involving any person who is or was one of our directors, officers, employees, or other agents or is or was serving at our request as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, for which indemnification is sought, and we are not aware of any threatened litigation that may result in claims for indemnification.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling our company pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

We have not had any disagreements with our accountants or auditors that would need to be disclosed pursuant to Item 304 of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933.

Item 5.06 Change in Shell Company Status

As a result of the consummation of the transactions described in Items 2.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K, we believe that we are no longer a “shell company”, as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act and Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act.

Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits
   
Exhibits
 
 
Exhibit No.
 
Document
 10.1   Form of Non-Institutional Promissory Note
 10.2   CMGT Stock Purchase Agreeement for Institutional Promissory Note, dated January 8, 2016
 10.3   Form of Stock Purchase Agreeement for Single Institutional Promissory Note
 10.4   Form of Institutional Promissory Note
 10.5   Wombat Capital Ltd. Advisory Agreement, dated September 8, 2015
 10.6   Ari Jatwes Advisory Agreement, June 1, 2015
 10.7   Pharmafor Ltd Consulting Agreement, dated November 13, 2015
 10.8   Board of Directors Agreement with William S. Rosenstadt, dated June 5, 2015


 
 
23

 
 
 
Signatures
 
    Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
 
 
.

Q BioMed Inc.
By: /s/ Denis Corin
Denis Corin
President, CEO, and Director
Dated: January 12, 2016

By: /s/ William S. Rosenstadt
William S. Rosenstadt
Director
Dated: January 12, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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