As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 14, 2015.

No. 333-            

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

SUNEDISON SEMICONDUCTOR LIMITED

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

11 Lorong 3 Toa Payoh

Singapore 319579

(65) 6681-9300

(Address, including zip code and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

C T Corporation System

111 Eighth Avenue

New York, New York 10011

(212) 590-9070

(Name, address, including zip code and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

Copies of all communications, including communications sent to agent for service, should be sent to:

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:

As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box:  ¨

If this Form is filed to registered additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   x File No. 333-200787

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

This Registration Statement shall become effective upon filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission in accordance with Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act.

EXPLANATORY NOTE AND INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

This Registration Statement on Form S-1 is being filed for the sole purpose of registering 3,450,000 additional ordinary shares, no par value, of SunEdison Semiconductor Limited, including 450,000 shares subject to purchase upon exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional ordinary shares, pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Pursuant to Rule 462(b), the contents of the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-200787), originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 8, 2014, including the exhibits and the power of attorney thereto, in the form which was declared effective by the Commission on January 13, 2015, are incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement.

The required opinions and consents are listed on the Exhibit Index attached hereto and filed herewith.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement on Form S-1 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of St. Peters, State of Missouri, on January 14, 2015.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

EXHIBIT INDEX

All exhibits filed with or incorporated by reference in Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-200787) are incorporated by reference into, and shall be deemed part of, this registration statement, except the following, which are filed herewith: