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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2014

 

or

 

oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the Transition Period from __ to __

 

Commission File Number: 333-179460

 

Twin Cities Power Holdings, LLC

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Minnesota   6221 – Commodity Contracts Brokers and Dealers   27-1658449
(State of organization)   (Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number)   (IRS Employer Identification Number)

 

 

16233 Kenyon Avenue, Suite 210

Lakeville, Minnesota 55044

 
  (Address of principal executive offices, zip code)  
     
  (952) 241-3103  
  (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)  
     
  not applicable  
  (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)  

 _________________________________________________________

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  x    No  o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes  x    No  o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): Large accelerated filer [ ] Accelerated filer [ ] Non-accelerated filer o Smaller reporting company  x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  o    No  x

 

 
 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Definitions 3
   
Forward Looking Statements 8
   
Non-GAAP Financial Measures 9
   
Part I – Financial Information 10
Item 1 - Financial Statements (Unaudited) 10
Consolidated Balance Sheets 10
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 11
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 12
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 14
Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 37
Industry Background 37
Company Overview 42
Results of Operations 46
Liquidity, Capital Resources, and Cash Flow 55
Financing 57
Non-GAAP Financial Measures 58
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates 58
Item 3 - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk 60
Commodity Price Risk 60
Interest Rate Risk 61
Liquidity Risk 62
Wholesale Counterparty Credit Risk 62
Retail Customer Credit Risk 62
Foreign Exchange Risk 62
Item 4 - Controls and Procedures 63
   
Part II – Other Information 64
Item 1 - Legal Proceedings 64
Item 1A - Risk Factors 64
Item 2 - Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 64
Item 3 - Defaults Upon Senior Securities 64
Item 4 - Mine Safety Disclosures 64
Item 5 - Other Information 64
Item 6 - Exhibits 65
   
Signatures 66

 

 

2
 

Definitions

 

Abbreviation or acronym   Definition
ABN AMRO   ABN AMRO Clearing Chicago, LLC and ABN AMRO Clearing Bank, N.V.
AESO   Alberta Electric System Operator, a statutory corporation of the Province of Alberta, is an ISO serving the Alberta Interconnected Electric System
ASC   Accounting Standards Codification
ASU   Accounting Standards Update
BLS   Bureau of Labor Statistics, an agency within the U.S. Department of Labor
Btu; therm; MMBtu   A “Btu” or British thermal unit is a measure of thermal energy or the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one pound of water from 39°F to 40°F. A “therm” is one hundred thousand Btu. One “MMBtu” is one million Btu.
C$   Canadian dollars
CAISO   California Independent System Operator Corporation, an ISO serving 80% of California and a small part of Nevada
CEF   Cygnus Energy Futures, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of CP and a second-tier subsidiary of the Company
CFTC   Commodity Futures Trading Commission, an independent agency of the United States government that regulates futures and option markets
CLP   Connecticut Light & Power Company, an EDC in Connecticut
CME   CME Group Inc. operates the CME (Chicago Mercantile Exchange), CBOT (Chicago Board of Trade), NYMEX (New York Mercantile Exchange), and COMEX (Commodities Exchange) derivatives exchanges and also offers certain cleared OTC products and services
Company   TCPH and its subsidiaries
CoV   Abbreviates the coefficient of variation, a simple measure of volatility useful for comparing two or more data series; equal to the standard deviation divided by the mean
CP   Cygnus Partners, LLC, a first-tier subsidiary of the Company
CP&U   Community Power & Utility, LLC, an electricity retailer acquired by TCP on June 29, 2012
CSE   Comparison shopping engine, a web site that compares prices for specific products. While most comparison shopping engines do not offer the products or services themselves, some may earn commissions when users follow the links in the search results and make a purchase from an online vendor
CTG   Chesapeake Trading Group, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of TCP and a second-tier subsidiary of the Company
DEG   Discount Energy Group, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of REH and a second-tier subsidiary of the Company, effective January 2, 2014

 

3
 

 

Abbreviation or acronym   Definition
Degree-days; CDD; HDD  

A “degree-day” compares outdoor temperatures to a standard of 65°F. Hot days require energy for cooling and are measured in cooling degree-days or “CDD” while cold days require energy for heating and are measured in heating degree-days or “HDD”. For example, a day with a mean temperature of 80°F would result in 15 CDD and a day with a mean temperature of 40°F would result in 25 HDD.

 

If heating degree-days are less than the average for an area for a period, the weather was “warmer than normal”; if they were greater, it was “colder than normal”. The converse is true for cooling degree-days - if CDD are less than the average for an area for a period, the weather was “colder than normal”; if they were greater, it was “warmer than normal”.

DOE   U.S. Department of Energy
EDC   Electric distribution company
EIA   Energy Information Administration, an independent agency within DOE
ERCOT   Electric Reliability Council of Texas, an ISO managing 85% of the electric Load of Texas and subject to oversight by the Public Utility Commission of Texas and the Texas Legislature but not FERC
FASB   Financial Accounting Standards Board
FERC   Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, an independent regulatory agency within DOE
Form S-1   The Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 10, 2012 with respect to the Company’s Notes Offering
FTR   Financial Transmission Rights are financial instruments traded in certain ISOs and RTOs that entitle their holders to receive or pay charges based on congestion price differences in the day-ahead energy market across specific transmission paths. The value of an FTR reflects the difference in congestion prices rather than the difference in locational marginal prices, which includes energy, congestion, and marginal losses. Market participants may request FTRs between any pricing nodes on the system, including hubs, control zones, aggregates, generator buses, load buses and interface pricing points. FTRs are generally available to the nearest 0.1 MW. The FTR target allocation is calculated hourly and is equal to the product of the FTR MW and the congestion price difference between sink and source that occurs in the day-ahead energy market. The value of an FTR can be positive or negative depending on the sink minus source congestion price difference, with a negative difference resulting in a liability for the holder.
GAAP   Generally accepted accounting principles in the United States
HTS Parties   Collectively, Robert O. Schachter, an individual, HTS Capital, LLC, and Clearwaters Capital, LLC, both affiliates of Mr. Schachter
ICE   IntercontinentalExchange Group, Inc. operates a network of 17 regulated exchanges and 6 clearinghouses for financial and commodity markets in the U.S., Canada, Europe, and Asia. In November 2013, ICE completed the acquisition of NYSE Euronext.

 

4
 

 

Abbreviation or acronym   Definition
ISO; RTO   Independent System Operator, a non-profit organization formed at the direction or recommendation of FERC that coordinates, controls, and monitors the operation of a bulk electric power system, usually within a single U.S. state, but sometimes encompassing multiple states. A Regional Transmission Organization (“RTO”) typically performs the same functions as an ISO, but covers a larger area. ISOs and RTOs may also operate centrally cleared wholesale markets for electric power quoted on both a “real-time” and “day ahead” basis.
ISO-NE   ISO New England Inc., an RTO serving Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont
LMP   One of the unique aspects of ISO electricity markets is the availability of “locational marginal prices” (“LMPs”). The theoretical price of electricity at each node on the network is calculated based on the assumptions that: (1) one additional megawatt-hour of energy is demanded at the node in question; and (2) the marginal cost to the system that would result from the re-dispatch of available generating units to serve such load can establish the production cost of the additional energy. LMPs are typically quoted on a “real-time” and “day-ahead” basis. In the real-time market, prices at specific nodes are updated every 5 minutes based on current and targeted supply and demand. Day-ahead prices are for power to be delivered at a specified hour and transmission point during the next day. LMPs vary by time and location due to physical system limitations, congestion, and loss factors; however, in an unconstrained system with no losses, all LMPs would be equal. This means that LMPs can be conceptually separated into three components - an energy price, a congestion component, and a loss component.
MCA   The Company’s Member Control Agreement, as amended
MEF   Minotaur Energy Futures, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of TCP and a second-tier subsidiary of the Company
MISO   Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc., (formerly the Midwest Independent Transmission System Operator, Inc.), an RTO serving all or part of Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Manitoba, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin
MCF   One thousand cubic feet, a common unit of price measure for natural gas. In 2010, one MCF of natural gas had a heat content of 1,025 Btu.
NERC   North American Electric Reliability Corporation, a non-profit corporation formed on March 28, 2006 as the successor to the National Electric Reliability Council, also known as NERC, formed in 1968. NERC is the designated Electric Reliability Organization (“ERO”) for the U.S. and operates under the auspices of FERC.
NGX   Natural Gas Exchange Inc., headquartered in Calgary, Alberta provides electronic trading, central counterparty clearing, and data services to the North American natural gas and electricity markets. NGX is wholly owned by TMX Group Inc. which collectively manages all aspects of Canada’s senior and junior equity markets.
NOAA   National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, an agency of the U.S. Department of Commerce

 

5
 

 

Abbreviation or acronym   Definition
Notes   The Company’s Renewable Unsecured Subordinated Notes issued pursuant to its ongoing Notes Offering
Notes Offering   The direct public offering the Company’s Notes pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 declared effective by the SEC on May 10, 2012
NRSRO   A SEC-recognized Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization; The major NRSROs that rate utilities are Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC (“S&P”), Moody’s Investor Services, Inc. (“Moody’s), and Fitch Ratings Inc. (“Fitch”)
NYISO   New York Independent System Operator, an ISO serving New York state
OTC   Over-the-counter
PJM   PJM Interconnection, a RTO serving all or part of Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia.
POR; non-POR   All states with restructured retail markets have implemented laws and regulations with respect to permitted billing, credit, and collections practices. Some of these states require an EDC billing customers in their service territory on behalf of suppliers operating there to purchase the receivables generated as a result of energy sales, generally at a modest discount to reflect bad debt experience. These states are known as “purchase of receivables” or “POR” jurisdictions while those without this provision are known as “non-POR” areas.
PURPA   Public Utilities Regulatory Policy Act of 1978
RECs   Renewable energy certificates represent the property rights to the environmental, social, and other non-power qualities of renewable electricity generation and can be sold separately from the underlying physical electricity.
REH   Retail Energy Holdings, LLC, a first-tier subsidiary of the Company
SEC   U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, an independent agency of the United States government with primary responsibility for enforcing federal securities laws and regulating the securities industry and stock exchanges
SUM   Summit Energy, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of TCP and a second-tier subsidiary of the Company
TCE   Twin Cities Energy, LLC, an inactive first-tier subsidiary of the Company
TCP   Twin Cities Power, LLC, a first-tier subsidiary of the Company
TCPC   Twin Cities Power – Canada, Ltd., an inactive wholly-owned subsidiary of TCE and a second-tier subsidiary of the Company
TCPH   Twin Cities Power Holdings, LLC
TSE   Town Square Energy, initially, an accounting division of TCP resulting from the acquisition of the business and assets of CP&U. Effective June 1, 2013, TSE became a wholly-owned first-tier subsidiary of the Company and on October 25, 2013, it became a wholly owned subsidiary of REH and a second-tier subsidiary of TCPH
UI   The United Illuminating Company, an EDC in Connecticut

 

6
 

 

Abbreviation or acronym   Definition
VaR   Value-at-Risk is a measure of the risk of loss on a specific portfolio of financial assets. For a given portfolio, probability, and time horizon, VaR is the value at which the probability that a mark-to-market loss over the given time horizon exceeds the calculated value, assuming normal markets and no trading. For example, if a portfolio has a one-day, 5% VaR of $1 million, there is a 5% probability that the portfolio will fall in value by more than $1 million over a one-day period.
Watt (W); Watt-hour (Wh)  

Although in everyday usage, the terms “energy” and “power” are essentially synonyms, scientists, engineers, and the energy business distinguish between them. Technically, energy is the ability to do work, or move a mass a particular distance by the application of force while power is the rate at which energy is generated or consumed.

 

In the case of electricity, power is measured in watts (W) and is equal to voltage or the difference in charge between two points multiplied by amperage or the current or rate of electrical flow. The energy supplied or consumed by a circuit is measured in watt-hours (Wh). For example, when a light bulb with a power rating of 100W is turned on for one hour, the energy used is 100 watt-hours. This same amount of energy would light a 40-watt bulb for 2.5 hours or a 50-watt bulb for 2.0 hours.

 

Multiples of watts and watt-hours are measured using International Systems of Units (“SI”) conventions.

For example:

 

    Prefix Symbol Multiple (Number) Value
    kilo K one thousand (1,000) 103
    mega M one million (1,000,000) 106
    giga G one billion (1,000,000,000) 109
    tera T one trillion (1,000,000,000,000)103 1012

 

     

Kilowatt (kW) or kilowatt-hour (kWh): one thousand watts or watt-hours. Kilowatt-hours are typically used to measure residential energy consumption and retail prices. One kWh is equal to 3,412 Btu, but fuel with a heat content of 7,000 to 11,500 Btu must be consumed to generate and deliver one kWh of electricity.  

 

Megawatt (MW) or megawatt-hour (MWh): one million watts or watt-hours or one thousand kilowatts or kilowatt-hours. Megawatts are typically used to measure electrical generation capacity and megawatt-hours are the pricing units used in the wholesale electricity market.

 

 

 

7
 

Forward Looking Statements

 

Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by us in this Form 10-Q and in our other reports filed with the SEC that attempt to advise interested parties of the factors that may affect our business.

 

Statements in this report that are not statements of historical facts may be considered “forward-looking” and, accordingly, involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed. Although such forward-looking statements have been made in good faith and are based on reasonable assumptions, there is no assurance that the expected results will be achieved. Any statements that express, or involve discussions as to, future expectations, risks, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions, events, uncertainties, financial performance, or growth strategies, often, but not always, through the use of words or phrases such as “anticipates”, “believes”, “estimates”, “expects”, “intends”, “plans”, “projects”, “likely”, “will continue”, “could”, “may”, “potential”, “target”, “outlook”, or words of similar meaning are not statements of historical facts and may be forward-looking.

 

In connection with the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, we are providing this cautionary statement to identify important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated in forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company in this Form 10-Q, in presentations, on our website, in response to questions, or otherwise. You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding:

 

·Expected operating results, such as revenue growth and earnings;
·Anticipated levels of capital expenditures and expansion of our retail electricity business segment;
·Current or future price volatility in the energy markets and future market conditions;
·Our belief that we have sufficient liquidity to fund our operations during the next 12 months;
·Expectations of the effect on our financial condition of claims, litigation, environmental costs, contingent liabilities, and governmental and regulatory investigations and proceedings;
·Our strategies for risk management; and
·Any other risk factors listed from time to time by the Company in reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission

 

Additional disclosures regarding factors that could cause our results and performance to differ from results or performance anticipated by this report are discussed under the heading “Item 1A – Risk Factors” of our Form 10-K for 2013 (the “2013 Form 10-K”), the “Risk Factors” section beginning on page 10 of our Form S-1, and any assumptions and other factors referred to specifically in connection with such forward-looking statements that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements.

 

Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which such statement is made, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which that statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict all of these factors, nor can it assess the impact of each of these factors on the businesses of the Company or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement.

 

 

8
 

 

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

 

The Company’s communications may include certain non- GAAP financial measures. A “non-GAAP financial measure” is defined as a numerical measure of a company's financial performance, financial position, or cash flows that excludes, or includes, amounts that are included in, or excluded from, the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in the company's financial statements.

 

Non-GAAP financial measures utilized by the Company include presentations of liquidity measures and debt-to-equity ratios. The Company’s management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to investors and enable investors and analysts to more accurately compare the Company's ongoing financial performance over the periods presented.

 

 

 

 

9
 

Part I – Financial Information

 

Item 1 - Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

Twin Cities Power Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries 

Consolidated Balance Sheets

As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013

 

   June 30,   December 31, 
   2014   2013 
   Unaudited     
Assets          
Current assets          
Cash - unrestricted  $2,975,580   $3,190,495 
Cash in trading accounts   17,539,656    10,484,448 
Accounts receivable - trade   2,121,888    1,315,209 
Note receivable       140,964 
Marketable securities   1,074,149    256,004 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets   419,370    242,482 
           
Total current assets   24,130,643    15,629,602 
           
Property, equipment, and furniture, net   759,099    504,298 
           
Other assets          
Intangible assets, net   546,759    305,978 
Deferred financing costs, net   282,488    337,559 
Cash - restricted   1,319,371    320,188 
Land held for development   520,486    110,477 
Mortgage note receivable       353,504 
Investment in convertible notes   1,128,861     
           
Total assets  $28,687,707   $17,561,606 
           
Liabilities and Members' Equity          
           
Current liabilities          
Current portions of total debt          
Borrowings under line of credit  $700,000   $ 
Senior notes payable   6,948    200,000 
Renewable unsecured subordinated notes   6,445,322    4,922,596 
Accounts payable - trade   1,579,023    1,035,644 
Accrued expenses   923,434    683,556 
Accrued compensation   1,624,515    299,439 
Accrued interest   634,753    359,758 
Obligations under non-competition agreement   125,000    250,000 
           
Total current liabilities   12,038,995    7,750,993 
           
Long-term debt          
Senior notes payable   221,052     
Renewable unsecured subordinated notes   6,323,628    5,062,230 
           
Total liabilities   18,583,675    12,813,223 
           
Commitments and contingencies          
           
Members' equity          
Series A preferred equity   2,745,000    2,745,000 
Common equity   6,624,795    1,302,994 
Accumulated other comprehensive income   734,237    700,389 
           
Total members' equity   10,104,032    4,748,383 
           
Total liabilities and members' equity  $28,687,707   $17,561,606 

 

 See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

 

10
 

 

Twin Cities Power Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Three and Six Months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013

 

   Three Months   Six Months 
   Ended June 30,   Ended June 30, 
   2014   2013   2014   2013 
   Unaudited   Unaudited   Unaudited   Unaudited 
Revenue                    
Wholesale trading revenue, net  $1,842,799   $7,791,798   $28,864,524   $14,588,866 
Retail electricity revenue   2,226,834    1,598,029    5,126,548    3,035,358 
    4,069,633    9,389,827    33,991,072    17,624,224 
                     
Costs and expenses                    
Cost of retail electricity sold   1,677,901    1,597,920    6,267,307    3,282,302 
Retail sales and marketing   22,953    37    151,395    425 
Compensation and benefits   2,287,982    2,777,789    12,923,141    6,378,401 
Professional fees   1,365,334    2,572,644    2,498,196    3,499,832 
Other general and administrative   837,539    699,418    1,667,871    1,331,470 
Trading tools and subscriptions   336,219    263,347    629,421    485,967 
    6,527,928    7,911,155    24,137,331    14,978,397 
                     
Operating income (loss)   (2,458,295)   1,478,672    9,853,741    2,645,827 
                     
Other income (expense)                    
Interest expense   (514,512)   (359,712)   (982,277)   (708,533)
Interest income   43,330    8,166    55,482    15,699 
Loss on foreign currency exchange   (261,217)   (573)   (260,849)   (327)
Other income   3,320        3,320     
    (729,079)   (352,119)   (1,184,324)   (693,161)
                     
Income (Loss) before income taxes   (3,187,374)   1,126,553    8,669,417    1,952,666 
Income tax provision       8,823        8,823 
                     
Net income (loss)   (3,187,374)   1,117,730    8,669,417    1,943,843 
                     
Preferred distributions   (137,268)   (137,250)   (274,536)   (274,500)
                     
Net income (loss) attributable to
common
   (3,324,642)   980,480    8,394,881    1,669,343 
                     
Other comprehensive income (loss)                    
Foreign currency translation adjustment   293,310    (123,726)   218,128    (160,800)
Change in fair value of cash flow hedges   (204,281)   (205,493)   (242,416)   (74,400)
Unrealized gain on securities   46,261        58,136     
                     
Comprehensive income (loss)  $(3,189,352)  $651,261   $8,428,729   $1,434,143 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

11
 

Twin Cities Power Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Six Months Ended June 30, 2014 and 2013

 

   Six Months 
   Ended June 30, 
   2014   2013 
   Unaudited   Unaudited 
Cash flows from operating activities          
Net income  $8,669,417   $1,943,843 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net
cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization   430,259    271,831 
Loss on sale of equipment and furniture       2,275 
(Increase) decrease in:          
Trading accounts and deposits   (7,106,556)   1,515,835 
Accounts receivable - trade   (806,678)   863,116 
Prepaid expenses and other assets   (74,089)   (245,830)
Increase (decrease) in:          
Accounts payable - trade   543,379    (422,376)
Accrued expenses   96,568    222,958 
Accrued compensation   1,325,076    (445,925)
Accrued interest   274,995    220,436 
           
Net cash provided by operating activities   3,352,371    3,926,163 
           
Cash flows from investing activities          
Repayment of note receivable   140,964     
Purchase of marketable securities   (760,009)    
Purchase of investment in convertible notes   (1,128,861)    
Purchase of property, equipment and furniture   (113,312)   (57,323)
Increase in cost of land held for development   (56,505)    
Increase in restricted cash   (999,183)    
Payments on obligations under non-competition agreement   (125,000)   (125,000)
Acquisition of Discount Energy Group, LLC   (680,017)    
           
Net cash used in investing activities   (3,721,923)   (182,323)
           
Cash flows from financing activities          
Proceeds from line of credit   700,000     
Payments on senior notes payable   (200,000)   (1,163,680)
Renewable unsecured subordinated notes:          
Issuances   3,272,819    3,424,033 
Redemptions   (488,695)   (200,201)
Distributions - preferred   (274,536)   (290,367)
Distributions - common   (3,073,080)   (1,472,216)
           
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities   (63,492)   297,569 
           
Net increase (decrease) in cash   (433,044)   4,041,409 
           
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash   218,129    (160,800)
           
Cash - unrestricted          
Beginning of period   3,190,495    771,852 
End of period  $2,975,580   $4,652,461 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

  

12
 

Twin Cities Power Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)

Six Months Ended June 30, 2014 and 2013

 

   Six Months 
   Ended June 30, 
   2014   2013 
   Unaudited   Unaudited 
Non-cash investing and financing activities:          
Effective portion of cash flow hedges  $114,198   $(156,432)
           
Obligations under non-competition agreement  $   $500,000 
                 
Series A preferred units issued in exchange for
redeemable preferred units
 
 
 
$
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
 
2,745,000
 
 
           
Unrealized gain on investment securities  $58,136   $ 
           
Land held for development obtained via
foreclosure on mortgage loan
 
 
 
$
 
353,504
 
 
 
 
 
$
 
 
           
Acquisition of property, plant, and equipment
via mortgage loan
 
 
 
$
 
228,000
 
 
      $    
           
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:          
Cash payments for interest  $707,282   $507,842 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

13
 

Twin Cities Power Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

1.Basis of Presentation and Description of Business

 

Basis of Presentation

 

Twin Cities Power Holdings, LLC (“TCPH” or the “Company”) has prepared the foregoing unaudited consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP and the requirements of the SEC with respect to interim reporting. As permitted under these rules, certain footnotes and other financial information required by GAAP for complete financial statements have been condensed or omitted. The interim consolidated financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments that are necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position and operating results and include the accounts of TCPH and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

For additional information, please refer to our audited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 included in our 2013 Form 10-K.

 

Organization

 

TCPH is a Minnesota limited liability company formed on December 30, 2009. On November 14, 2011, TCPH entered into an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Reorganization”) with its then current members and Twin Cities Power, LLC (“TCP”), Cygnus Partners, LLC (“CP”), and Twin Cities Energy, LLC (“TCE”) which were affiliated through common ownership. Effective December 31, 2011, following receipt of approval from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (“FERC”), the members of TCP, CP, and TCE each contributed all of their ownership interests in these entities to TCPH in exchange for ownership interests in TCPH, which made TCPH a holding company and the sole member of each of TCP, CP, and TCE. The Reorganization was accounted for as a transaction among entities under common control.

 

Subsequent to the Reorganization, the Company formed two new active first-tier subsidiaries, Retail Energy Holdings, LLC (“REH”) and Cyclone Partners LLC (“Cyclone”). With respect to second-tier subsidiaries, TCP has three active subsidiaries - Summit Energy, LLC (“SUM”), Chesapeake Trading Group, LLC (“CTG”), and Minotaur Energy Futures, LLC (“MEF”), formed on March 25, 2014; CP has one - Cygnus Energy Futures, LLC (“CEF”); and REH has two - Town Square Energy, LLC (“TSE”) and Discount Energy Group, LLC (“DEG”). TCE and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Twin Cities Power – Canada, Ltd. (“TCPC”), became inactive in the third quarter of 2012.

 

Businesses

 

The Company operates in three business segments – wholesale trading, retail energy services, and real estate development. TCPH trades electricity and energy derivatives for its own account in North American wholesale markets, provides electricity supply services in certain states that allow retail customers to choose their electricity supplier, and engages in residential real estate development.

 

14
 

 

Wholesale Trading

 

The Company trades financial and physical contracts in wholesale electricity markets managed by Independent System Operators or Regional Transmission Organizations (collectively, the “ISOs”) and regulated by FERC, including those managed by the Midcontinent Independent System Operator (“MISO”), the PJM Interconnection (“PJM”), ISO New England (“ISO-NE”), and the New York Independent System Operator (“NYISO”). We also are members of the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (“ERCOT”) which is an ISO regulated by the Texas Public Utilities Commission and the Texas Legislature. The Company also trades electricity and other energy-related commodities and derivatives on exchanges operated by the Intercontinental Exchange® (“ICE”), the Natural Gas Exchange Inc. (“NGX”), and the CME Group (“CME”), all of which are regulated the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”).

 

In general, the Company’s trading activities are characterized by the acquisition of electricity or other energy-related commodities at a given location and its delivery to another. Financial transactions settle in cash in an amount equal to the difference between the purchase and sale prices, while physical transactions are settled by the delivery of the commodity. ISO-traded financial contracts are also known as virtual trades, are outstanding overnight, and settle the next day. The Company also trades electricity and other energy derivatives on ICE, NGX, and CME and may hold an open interest in these contracts overnight or longer. On very rare occasions, the Company may also trade physical electricity between certain markets, buying in one and selling in another.

 

Retail Energy Services

 

On June 29, 2012, TCP acquired certain assets and the business of Community Power & Utility LLC, a retail energy supplier serving residential and small commercial markets in Connecticut. The business was re-named TSE, and beginning on July 1, 2012, the Company began selling electricity to retail accounts. Initially, TSE was run as a division of TCP but effective June 1, 2013, TSE was reorganized as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. During late 2012 and early 2013, TSE applied for retail electricity supplier licenses for the states of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island which were issued on various dates in 2013.

 

On October 25, 2013, in anticipation of receipt of FERC approval of the Company’s acquisition of DEG, a retail energy business licensed by the states of Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Ohio, the Company formed REH and transferred the ownership of TSE to this entity. FERC approval of the acquisition of DEG was received on December 13, 2013 and the transaction closed on January 2, 2014. Consequently, the retail markets in which the Company expects to compete in 2014 include at least the following states: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Rhode Island; however, projected margins in specific states and utility service territories will ultimately determine where the Company will deploy its retail marketing resources.

 

Real Estate Development

 

On October 23, 2013, the Company formed Cyclone as a wholly-owned subsidiary to take advantage of certain perceived investment opportunities present in the residential real estate market in the southern portion of the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area. Specifically, Cyclone intends to acquire and develop land for resale, either as improved sites for construction of single- and multi-family homes or as completed dwellings.

 

2.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

A description of our significant accounting policies is included in the 2013 Form 10-K and our interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and accompanying notes included in that report.

 

15
 

 

Results for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2014 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the year ending December 31, 2014.

 

Cash

 

Cash includes highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase. As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company had no cash equivalents included in its cash balances.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Wholesale Trading

 

The Company’s wholesale trading activities use derivatives such as swaps, forwards, futures, and options to generate trading revenues. These contracts are marked to fair value in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s agreements with the ISOs and the exchanges permit net settlement of contracts, including the right to offset cash collateral in the settlement process. Accordingly, the Company nets cash collateral against the derivative position in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. All realized and unrealized gains and losses on derivative instruments held for trading purposes are recorded in revenues.

 

Retail Energy Services

 

Revenue from the retail sale of electricity to customers is recorded in the period in which the commodity is consumed, net of any applicable sales tax. The Company follows the accrual method of accounting for revenues whereby electricity consumed by customers but not yet billed under the cycle billing method is estimated and accrued along with the related costs. Changes in estimates are reflected in operations in the period in which they are refined. During the period ended June 30, 2014, the Company recorded additional retail sales of electricity of $465,000 due to a change in the amount of estimated unbilled revenues recorded in earlier periods.

 

Real Estate Development

 

Revenues from real estate developments, if any, are recognized at the time of sale closing if all significant conditions are satisfied, including adequate down payment, reasonable assurance of collectability of any notes received, and completion of other contract requirements. Recognition of all or part of the revenue is deferred if any significant conditions are not satisfied.

 

Derivative Instruments

 

In our wholesale operations, we use derivative contracts for trading purposes, seeking to profit from perceived opportunities driven by expected changes in market prices. In our retail business, the Company is exposed to volatility in the cost of energy acquired for sale to customers, and as a result, we use derivatives to hedge or reduce this variability.

 

Our retail operations follow ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”) guidance that permits “hedge accounting” under which the effective portion of gains or losses from the derivative and the hedged item are recognized in earnings in the same period. To qualify for hedge accounting, the hedge relationships must meet extensive documentation requirements and hedge effectiveness and ineffectiveness must be assessed and measured on an on-going basis. Our risk management policies also permit the use of non-hedging derivatives in our retail operations which we refer to as undesignated economic hedges.

 

16
 

 

For a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of any change in the hedging instrument’s fair value is recorded as other comprehensive income until the change in value of the hedged item is recognized in earnings. For an undesignated economic hedge, all changes in the derivative financial instrument’s fair value are recognized currently in earnings.

 

Financial Instruments

 

The Company holds various financial instruments. The nature of these instruments and the Company’s operations expose the Company to foreign currency risk, credit risk, and fair value risk.

 

Foreign Currencies

 

A portion of the Company’s assets and liabilities are denominated in Canadian dollars and are subject to fluctuations in exchange rates. The Company does not have any exposure to any highly inflationary foreign currencies.

 

Foreign currency transactions result in gains and losses due to the increase or decrease in exchange rates between periods. Translation gains and losses are included as a separate component of equity. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in other income or expense. Foreign currency transactions resulted in losses of $261,217, $573, $260,849, and $327 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 

Concentrations of Credit Risk

 

Financial instruments that subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of deposits in trading accounts and accounts receivable. The Company has a risk policy that includes value-at-risk calculations, position limits, stop loss limits, stress testing, system controls, position monitoring, liquidity guidelines, and compliance training.

 

At any given time there may be a concentration of receivables balances with one or more of the exchanges upon which we transact our wholesale business or, in the case of retail, one or more of the utilities operating in purchase-of-receivables states in which we do business.

 

Fair Value

 

The fair values of the Company’s cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable were considered to approximate their carrying values at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 due to the short-term nature of the accounts.

 

Management believes the carrying values of the Company’s Renewable Unsecured Subordinated Notes reasonably approximate their fair values at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 due to the relatively new age of these particular instruments. No assessment of the fair value of these obligations has been completed and there is no readily available market price.

 

Business Combinations

 

The Company accounts for business combinations in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”), which requires an acquirer to recognize and measure in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquisition at fair value at the transaction date. In addition, transaction costs are expensed as incurred. See “Note 7 - Intangible Assets”.

 

17
 

 

Profits Interests

 

Certain second-tier subsidiaries of the Company have Class B members. Under the terms of the subsidiaries’ member control agreements, Class B members have no voting rights, are not required to contribute capital, and have no rights to distributions following termination of employment, but are entitled to a defined share of profits while employed. Since Class B members have no corporate governance rights or risk of capital loss (or gain), they do not own non-controlling equity interests and profits interests payments are recorded as compensation expense during the period earned and are classified as accrued compensation on the balance sheet.

 

During the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, the Company included $236,777 and $633,667, respectively, in compensation and benefits representing the allocation of profits interests to Class B members.

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, the Company included $5,423,412 and $2,108,072, respectively, in compensation and benefits representing the allocation of profits interests to Class B members.

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company and its subsidiaries are not taxable entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As such, the Company and its subsidiaries do not directly pay federal income tax. Taxable income or loss, which may vary substantially from the net income or net loss reported in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income, is includable in the federal income tax returns for each member. The holder of the Company’s preferred units is taxed based on distributions received, while holders of common units are taxed on their proportionate share of the Company’s taxable income. Therefore, no provision or liability for federal or state income taxes has been made for those entities.

 

TCPC files tax returns with the Canada Revenue Agency and the Tax and Revenue Administration of Alberta.

 

In accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, we recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. The Company recognizes interest and penalties on any unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. Based on evaluation of the Company’s tax positions, management believes all positions taken would be upheld under an examination.

 

The Company’s federal and state tax returns are potentially open to examinations for the years 2009 through 2013 and its Canadian tax returns are potentially open to examination for the years 2010 through 2013.

 

On January 6, 2014, TCPH received a notice from the Internal Revenue Service notifying that the Company’s 2012 return was under review.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

In May 2014, the FASB issued new accounting guidance related to revenue recognition. This new standard will eliminate all industry-specific guidance and replace all current U.S. GAAP guidance on the topic. The new revenue recognition standard provides a unified model to determine when and how revenue is recognized. The core principle is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration for which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2017 and can be applied either retrospectively to each period presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. We are currently assessing the impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

18
 

 

3.Cash

 

The Company deposits its unrestricted cash in financial institutions. Balances, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. Restricted cash at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 was $1,319,371 and $320,188, respectively. At June 30, 2014, all restricted cash was posted as security in connection with certain litigation in the Canadian courts.

 

See “Note 15 - Commitments and Contingencies”.

 

Cash held in trading accounts may be unavailable at times for immediate withdrawal depending upon trading activity. Cash needed to meet credit requirements for outstanding trades and that was available for immediate withdrawal as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 was as follows:

 

   June 30,   December 31, 
   2014   2013 
         
Credit requirement  $4,595,493   $2,185,175 
Available credit   12,944,163    8,299,273 
Cash in trading accounts  $17,539,656   $10,484,448 

 

4.Accounting for Derivatives and Hedging Activities

 

The following table lists the fair values of the Company’s derivative assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013:

 

   Fair Value 
   Asset
Derivatives
   Liability
Derivatives
 
At June 30, 2014          
Not designated as hedging instruments:          
Wholesale Trading segment          
Energy commodity contracts  $1,855,176   $1,357,962 
           
Retail Energy Services segment          
Energy commodity contracts   184,376    206,255 
           
Designated as cash flow hedges:          
Energy commodity contracts   426,872    312,674 
Total derivative instruments   2,466,424    1,876,891 
Cash deposits in collateral accounts   16,950,123     
Cash in trading accounts, net  $19,416,547   $1,876,891 
           
At December 31, 2013          
Not designated as hedging instruments:          
Wholesale Trading segment          
Energy commodity contracts  $614,592   $687,156 
           
Retail Energy Services segment          
Energy commodity contracts   103,014    70,672 
           
Designated as cash flow hedges:          
Energy commodity contracts   417,310    60,695 
Total derivative instruments   1,134,916    818,523 
Cash deposits in collateral accounts   10,168,055     
Cash in trading accounts, net  $11,302,971   $818,523 

 

19
 

 

For the three months ended June 30, 2014, the Company hedged the cost of 16,040 MWh via designated derivatives or 75% of the 21,381 MWh of electricity sold to its retail customers in such period.

 

As of June 30, 2014, we had designated futures contracts for 34,445 MWh and 32,760 MWh for delivery in the remainder of 2014 and 2015 as cash flow hedges of expected electricity purchases for customers receiving service from us as of that date. $229,804 of net gain on the 2014 contracts and $115,606 of net loss on the 2015 derivatives, a net gain of $114,198 in total, was deferred and included in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”). These amounts are expected to be reclassified to cost of energy sold by December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively.

 

As of December 31, 2013, we had hedged the cost of 32,760 MWh (approximately 32% of expected 2014 electricity purchases for the customers receiving service from us as of that date) and $356,614 of the net gain on the effective portion of the hedge was deferred and included in AOCI. This amount is expected to be reclassified to cost of energy sold by December 31, 2014.

 

The following table summarizes the amount of gain or loss recognized in AOCI or earnings for derivatives designated as cash flow hedges for the periods indicated:

 

   Gain (Loss) Recorded in
AOCI
   Income Statement Classification  Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI 
            
Three Months Ended June 30, 2014             
Cash flow hedges  $(357,238)  Cost of energy sold  $(152,956)
              
Six Months Ended June 30, 2014             
Cash flow hedges  $176,133   Cost of energy sold  $418,549 
              
Year Ended December 31, 2013             
Cash flow hedges  $685,936   Cost of energy sold  $247,290 

 

 

20
 

 

The following table provides details with respect to changes in AOCI as presented in our consolidated balance sheets, including those relating to our designated cash flow hedges, for the three and six month periods from ended June 30, 2014:

 

   Foreign
Currency
   Cash Flow
Hedges
   Available for
Sale Securities
   Total 
Three Months ended June 30, 2014                    
Balance - March 31, 2014  $262,826   $318,479   $17,642   $598,947 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
before reclassifications
 
 
 
 
 
293,310
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(357,237
 
)
 
 
 
 
 
46,261
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(17,666
 
)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI       152,956        152,956 
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)   293,310    (204,281)   46,261    135,290 
                     
Balance - June 30, 2014  $556,136   $114,198   $63,903   $734,237 
                     
Six Months ended June 30, 2014                    
Balance - December 31, 2013  $338,008   $356,614   $5,767   $700,389 
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications  218,128   176,133   58,136   452,397 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI       (418,549)       (418,549)
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)   218,128    (242,416)   58,136    33,848 
                     
Balance - June 30, 2014  $556,136   $114,198  $63,903   $734,237 

 

In the second quarter and first half of 2014, in addition to certain derivatives designated cash flow hedges, we also used certain other derivative contracts to which hedge accounting was not applied to reduce our exposure to higher electricity costs. The gain or loss on these economic hedges within our retail segment is reported as “wholesale trading revenue”.

 

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, we recorded wholesale trading revenues of $238,273 and $2,050,478, respectively, in our retail energy services segment. See also “Note 16 – Segment Information.”

 

5.Accounts Receivable

 

Accounts receivable – trade consists of receivables from both our wholesale trading and retail segments. Wholesale trading receivables represent net settlement amounts due from a market operator or an exchange while those from retail include amounts resulting from sales to end-use customers.

 

   June 30,   December 31, 
   2014   2013 
         
Wholesale trading  $1,052,099   $168,953 
Retail energy services - billed   589,413    944,100 
Retail energy services - unbilled   480,376    202,156 
           
Accounts receivable - trade  $2,121,888   $1,315,209 

 

As of June 30, 2014, there were two individual accounts with receivable balances greater than 10% that aggregated 59% of total consolidated accounts receivable.

 

As of December 31, 2013, there were two individual accounts in the Company’s retail energy services segment with receivable balances greater than 10% that aggregated 87% of total consolidated accounts receivable.

 

The Company believes that any risk associated with these concentrations is minimal.

 

21
 

 

6.Marketable Securities

 

The following table shows the cost and estimated fair value of available-for-sale securities at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013:

 

   Cost   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
 
At June 30, 2014                    
U.S. equities  $952,417   $57,740   $   $1,010,157 
International equities   50,182    6,163        56,345 
Money market fund   7,647            7,647 
Total  $1,010,246   $63,903   $   $1,074,149 

 

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 the Company had sales of securities and realized a gain of $2,948 with no realized impairment charges.

 

The following table shows the unrealized losses on, and fair value of, securities positions by the length of time such assets were in a continuous loss position as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013:

 

   Less than Twelve Months 
   Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
 
         
At June 30, 2014                
International equities   $     $  
           
At December 31, 2013                
International equities $ (69 )   $ 24,978  

 

7.Intangible Assets

 

On June 29, 2012, TCP acquired certain assets and the business of Community Power & Utility LLC (“CP&U”), a retail energy supplier serving residential and small commercial markets in Connecticut, for $160,000. The business has been re-named “Town Square Energy” and is now a wholly-owned second-tier subsidiary of the Company. Of the purchase price, $85,000 was allocated to the acquisition of an existing service contract with an industry-specific provider of transaction management, billing, and customer information software and services, and $75,000 was allocated to customer relationships.

 

Effective January 1, 2013, in connection with the sale of his units to Timothy S. Krieger, the Company’s founder, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and controlling member, the Company entered into a Non-Competition Agreement (the “NCA”) with David B. Johnson, a current governor of the Company valued at $500,000, to be amortized and paid in equal installments over 24 months.

 

22
 

 

On January 2, 2014, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding membership interests of Discount Energy Group, LLC (“DEG”) for a total purchase price of $848,527, consisting of $680,017 in cash and $168,510 in assumption of accounts payable. Of this total consideration, $293,869 was allocated to tangible assets including deposits with PJM and certain utilities and prepaid expenses and $554,658 was allocated to intangible assets. Intangible assets acquired included state licenses and utility relationships, the DEG brand name, a fully functional website, active and inactive customer lists, and domain names. The intangible assets will be amortized over 24 months using the straight line method.

 

   June 30,   December 31, 
   2014   2013 
Other intangibles  $714,658   $160,000 
Non-competition agreement   500,000    500,000 
Less: accumulated amortization   (667,899)   (354,022)
Intangible assets, net  $546,759   $305,978 

 

Total amortization of intangible assets for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 was $139,340 and $79,837 and $288,676 and $159,674, respectively, and is included in other general and administrative expenses.

 

8.Deferred Financing Costs

 

Prior to the May 10, 2012 effective date of its Notes Offering, the Company incurred certain professional fees and filing costs associated with the offering totaling $393,990. The Company has capitalized these costs and amortizes them on a monthly basis over the weighted average term of the Notes sold, exclusive of any expected renewals.

 

   June 30,   December 31, 
   2014   2013 
Deferred financing costs  $393,990   $393,990 
Less: accumulated amortization   (111,502)   (56,431)
Deferred financing costs  $282,488   $337,559 

 

Total amortization of deferred financing costs for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 was $29,573 and $9,101 and $55,071 and $14,757, respectively and is included in other general and administrative expenses.

 

9.Land Held for Development

 

On December 18, 2013, the Company bought a defaulted note secured by a first mortgage on certain real property from Bremer Bank, National Association with the intention of foreclosing and thereby obtaining title to the land. As of December 31, 2013, land held for development totaled $110,477, consisting of one single family lot. Also as of the same date, the carrying value of the mortgage totaled $353,504 and consisted of the purchase price of $340,000 of principal and $13,504 of accrued interest. On April 21, 2014, the foreclosure on the mortgage note was completed. Consequently, the note was cancelled and the land received was reclassified to “land held for development”, and as of June 30, 2014, land held for development totaled $520,486.

 

10.Convertible Promissory Note

 

On March 20, 2014, the Company invested $1,000,000 in a privately placed Convertible Promissory Note, convertible into Series B Preferred Shares (the “B Note”) issued by Ultra Green Packaging, Inc. (“Ultra Green”). The B Note will mature on December 31, 2019 and bears interest at a fixed rate of 10% per annum. Interest will accrue until December 31, 2014, at which time all accrued and unpaid interest will become due and payable. Thereafter, interest will be due and payable on a quarterly basis.

 

23
 

 

At the option of the Company, the principal and accrued interest on the B Note is convertible at or prior to maturity into shares of Ultra Green’s Series B Preferred Stock (the “Series B”). If converted before Ultra Green’s 2015 financial results are available (the “2015 Results Date”), the Conversion Price will be $0.25 per share, subject to certain anti-dilution provisions. After the 2015 Results Date, the Conversion Price will be equal to the lower of (1) $0.25 per share if Ultra Green has achieved $31.5 million of revenue (the “Revenue Target”) and $7.0 million of EBITDA (the “EBITDA Target”) or (2) an amount per share equal to $0.25 per share times the lower of (a) actual revenue divided by the Revenue Target or (b) actual EBITDA divided by the EBITDA Target, subject to a floor of $0.09 per share.

 

As of February 24, 2014, at the start of the B Note offering, Ultra Green had 30,232,334 fully diluted common and common-equivalent shares outstanding. Assuming no additional issuances of common or common-equivalents, including conversion of B Notes issued to persons other than the Company, and conversion of the principal amount of its B Note only, the Company would have owned between 4,000,000 and 11,111,111 shares at the high and low conversion prices of $0.25 and $0.09 per share or 11.7% to 26.9% of the fully diluted shares outstanding as of such date.

 

On each of June 4 and June 18, 2014, the Company loaned Ultra Green $50,000 (for a total of $100,000) in the form of short term, unsecured promissory notes (the “Short Term Notes”), each with a maturity date of July 31, 2014. The Short Term Notes bear interest as determined by the short-term AFR Rate, computed in accordance with Section 1274(d) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and published by the Internal Revenue Service, which was 0.32% for June 2014.

 

On June 19, 2014, the Board of Directors of Ultra Green authorized an offering of up to $8,000,000 of Convertible Promissory Notes convertible into Series C Preferred Shares, the terms of which are more fully described below in “Note 17 – Subsequent Events”, (the “C Note Offering”, the “C Notes”, and the “Series C”, respectively). In connection with the C Note Offering, Ultra Green offered each holder of B Notes the option to convert their B Notes into C Notes. Upon conversion of all B Notes into C Notes, Ultra Green’s board has authorized the cancellation of its Series B stock.

 

In addition to its cash investments as described above and in “Note 17 – Subsequent Events”, the Company has lent the services of Mr. Keith Sperbeck, its Vice President – Operations, to Ultra Green as its Interim CEO for an indefinite period concluding when Ultra Green hires a full-time chief executive officer. In lieu of any cash compensation to either Mr. Sperbeck or the Company, on June 19, 2014, Ultra Green issued the Company a non-statutory option to purchase 50,000,000 shares of its common stock for $0.01 per share, which option was fully vested and exercisable immediately upon issuance.

 

11. Fair Value Measurements

 

The Fair Value Measurement Topic of FASB’s ASC establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The three types of valuation inputs in the fair market hierarchy are as follows:

 

·“Level 1 inputs” are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

·“Level 2 inputs” are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable either directly or indirectly for the asset or liability.

 

·“Level 3 inputs” are unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists.

 

24
 

 

Financial instruments categorized as Level 1 holdings are publicly traded in liquid markets with daily quotes and include exchange-traded derivatives such as futures contracts and options, certain highly-rated debt obligations, and some equity securities. Holdings such as shares in money market mutual funds that are based on net asset values as derived from quoted prices in active markets of the underlying securities are also classified as Level 1. The fair values of financial instruments that are not publicly traded in liquid markets, but do have characteristics similar to observable market information such as wholesale commodity prices, interest rates, credit margins, maturities, collateral, and the like upon which valuations are based are categorized in Level 2. Financial instruments that are not traded in publicly quoted markets or that are acquired based on prices and terms determined by direct negotiation with the issuer are classified as Level 3 and carried at book value which management believes is a reasonable approximation of fair value until circumstances otherwise dictate. From time to time, the Company may engage third parties such as appraisers, brokers, or investment bankers to assist management in its valuation and classification of financial instruments.

 

The methods described above may produce fair value calculations that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine fair values could result in different fair value measurements and such variations could be material. There have been no changes in the methodologies used since December 31, 2013.

 

The following table presents certain assets measured at fair value as of the dates indicated:

 

   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total 
At June 30, 2014                    
Cash in trading accounts, net  $17,539,656   $   $   $17,539,656 
Marketable securities   1,074,149            1,074,149 
Investment in convertible notes *           1,128,861    1,128,861 
                     
At December 31, 2013                    
Cash in trading accounts, net  $10,484,448   $   $   $10,484,448 
Marketable securities   256,004            256,004 
Mortgage note receivable           353,504    353,504 

__________

* - Also includes Short Term Notes; see "Note 10 - Convertible Promissory Note".

 

There were no transfers during the six months ended June 30, 2014 between Levels 1 and 2.

 

25
 

 

The following table reconciles beginning and ending Level 3 fair value financial instrument balances for the six months ended June 30, 2014:

 

Balance - December 31, 2013  $353,504 
      
Total gains and losses:     
Included in other comprehensive income    
Included in earnings    
Purchases   1,128,861 
Settlement *   (353,504)
Transfers into Level 3    
Transfers out of Level 3    
      
Balance - June 30, 2014  $1,128,861 
      
Gains for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held as of June 30, 2014   $  

__________

* - Reflects foreclosure on mortgage note and transfer of land received to "Land held for development"; see "Note 9 - Land Held for Development".

 

12.Debt

 

Notes payable by the Company are summarized as follows:

 

   June 30,
2014
   December 31,
2013
 
Renewable Unsecured Subordinated Notes  $12,768,950   $9,984,826 
Advance on RBC Line of Credit   700,000     
Mortgage note payable to Security State Bank of Aitkin   228,000     
Note payable to John O. Hanson dated April 8, 2011, accruing interest at 20%. The loan was repaid on March 25, 2014       200,000 
   $13,696,950   $10,184,826 

 

Notes payable by maturity are summarized as follows:

 

   June 30,
2014
   December 31,
2013
 
2014 and 2015 to June 30  $7,152,270   $5,122,596 
Current maturities   7,152,270    5,122,596 
           
2015 before June 30       1,266,590 
2015 after June 30   1,596,277     
2016   1,462,266    772,250 
2017   1,567,891    549,140 
2018   1,428,572    2,297,250 
2019 and thereafter   489,674    177,000 
Long term debt   6,544,680    5,062,230 
Total  $13,696,950   $10,184,826 

 

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ABN AMRO Margin Agreement

 

In February 2012, the Company executed a Futures Risk-Based Margin Finance Agreement with ABN AMRO (the “ABN AMRO Margin Agreement”). The ABN AMRO Margin Agreement provides CEF with an uncommitted $25,000,000 revolving line of credit on which it pays a commitment fee of $35,000 per month. Any loans outstanding are payable on demand and bear interest at an annual rate equal to 1.00% in excess of the Federal Funds Target Rate, or approximately 1.25%. Any advances under the ABN AMRO Margin Agreement are secured by all balances in CEF’s trading accounts with ABN AMRO. Under the ABN AMRO Margin Agreement, the Company is also subject to certain reporting, affirmative, and negative covenants, including certain financial tests. The ABN AMRO Margin Agreement was amended on May 31, 2013 to reduce the uncommitted credit line to $15,000,000, the commitment fee to $25,000 per month, and the covenant with respect to net liquidating equity as defined to $1,500,000.

 

As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, there were no borrowings outstanding under the ABN AMRO Margin Agreement and the Company was in compliance with all covenants.

 

Renewable Unsecured Subordinated Notes

 

On May 10, 2012, the Company’s registration statement on Form S-1 with respect to its offering of up to $50,000,000 of 3 and 6 month and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 year Renewable Unsecured Subordinated Notes was declared effective by the SEC. Interest on the Subordinated Notes is paid monthly, quarterly, semi-annually, annually, or at maturity at the sole discretion of each investor.

 

The Company made interest payments of $326,984 and $93,226 during the three month periods ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 and paid $539,777 and $128,002 during the six month periods then ended, respectively. Total accrued interest on the Subordinated Notes at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 was $634,753 and $354,094, respectively.

 

As of June 30, 2014, the Company had $12,768,950 of its Subordinated Notes outstanding as follows:

 

Initial Term  Principal Amount   Weighted Average Interest Rate 
3 months  $410,898    13.88% 
6 months   219,914    8.24% 
1 year   4,766,009    12.44% 
2 years   1,557,986    12.76% 
3 years   1,640,202    14.17% 
4 years   472,386    14.55% 
5 years   3,405,805    15.54% 
10 years   295,750    14.06% 
Total  $12,768,950    13.62% 
           
Weighted average term   27.8 mos       

 

RBC Line of Credit

 

On May 12, 2014, the Company drew $700,000 under an evergreen, uncommitted line of credit from Royal Bank of Canada (the “RBC Line” and “RBC”, respectively). Advances under the RBC Line bear interest at a variable annual interest rate of 1 month LIBOR plus 2.25% set at the time of advance for a 30 day term, mature at various dates, and are collateralized by assets held in the Company’s marketable securities account. RBC is not obligated to make any extensions of credit to the Company and availability of funds may be increased or decreased by RBC in its sole and absolute discretion. Prepayment of any outstanding principal under the RBC Line may subject the Company to LIBOR break funding costs.

 

As of June 30, 2014, the Company was in compliance with all terms and conditions of the RBC Line.

 

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Security State Mortgage

 

On June 16, 2014, the Company purchased a single family home in Garrison, Minnesota for use as a corporate retreat (the “Garrison Property”) for a purchase price of $285,000, paid with $57,000 of cash and the proceeds of a $228,000 note (the “Security State Mortgage”) advanced by the Security State Bank of Aitkin (“Security State”) and secured by a first mortgage. The loan is payable in 239 equal installments of $1,482 due on the 16th of each month beginning on July 16, 2014 and one irregular installment of $1,482 due on June 16, 2034 (the “maturity date”). The note bears interest at an annual rate equal to the prime rate as published from time to time by The Wall Street Journal plus 0.75%, subject to a floor of 4.75%. Whenever increases occur in the interest rate, Security State, at its option and with notice to the Company, may: (a) increase the Company’s payments to insure the loan will be paid off by the maturity date; (b) increase the Company’s payments to cover accruing interest; (c) increase the number of the Company’s payments; or (d) continue the payments at the same amount and increase the Company’s final payment. The loan may be prepaid in whole or in part at any time without penalty.

 

As of June 30, 2014, the Company was in compliance with all terms and conditions of the Security State Mortgage.

 

13.Ownership

 

As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company’s ownership is as presented below:

 

   Series A Preferred   Common 
   Units held   Percent of class   Units held   Percent of class 
Timothy S. Krieger   496    100.00%    4,935    99.50% 
                     
Summer Enterprises, LLC       0.00%    25    0.50% 
                     
Total   496    100.00%    4,960    100.00% 

 

14.Related Party Transactions

 

Interest expense associated with notes payable to related parties was $9,973 and $75,538 for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2013. There were no notes payable to a related party for the three and six month periods ending June 30, 2014.

 

On June 23, 2011, the building in which the Company leases its Lakeville, Minnesota office space was sold to Kenyon Holdings, LLC (“Kenyon”), a company owned by Mr. Krieger and Keith W. Sperbeck, its Vice President of Operations. On January 1, 2013, the Company and Kenyon entered into a five year lease expiring December 31, 2017 for 11,910 square feet at a monthly rent of $12,264. For rent, real estate taxes, and operating expenses, the Company paid Kenyon $37,228, $77,708, $98,851 and $136,638 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 

Effective January 1, 2013, in connection with the purchase of David B. Johnson’s units by Mr. Krieger, the Company entered into the NCA with Mr. Johnson, a current governor and former member of the Company, pursuant to which the Company is obligated to pay Mr. Johnson $500,000 in 24 equal monthly installments of $20,833 each. The total amount paid pursuant to the NCA during the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 was $62,500 and $125,000, respectively.

 

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On March 5, 2013, CEF entered into a 36 month lease for 1,800 square feet of office space in Tulsa, Oklahoma with the Brandon J. and Heather N. Day Revocable Trust at a monthly rent of $3,750. Mr. Day is an employee of CEF, a second-tier subsidiary of the Company. Total rent paid for the three month periods ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 was $11,250, and total rent paid for the six month periods then ended was $22,500 and $18,750, respectively.

 

In connection with the Company’s initial investment of $1.0 million in Ultra Green (see “Note 10 – Convertible Promissory Note”), the Company paid a 10% commission to Cedar Point Capital, LLC, a registered broker dealer (“Cedar Point”). David Johnson, a member of the Company’s Board of Governors, is the sole owner of Cedar Point. No commissions were paid on the Company’s follow-on investments.

 

15.Commitments and Contingencies

 

FERC Investigation

 

On October 12, 2011, FERC initiated a formal non-public investigation into TCE’s power scheduling and trading activity in MISO for the period from January 1, 2010 through May 31, 2011.

 

On June 12, 2014, FERC issued a Notice of Alleged Violations (“NAV”) indicating that the staff of its Office of Enforcement had preliminarily determined that during the period from January 1, 2010 through January 31, 2011, TCPC and certain affiliated companies, including TCE and TCP, and individuals Allan Cho, Jason F. Vaccaro, and Gaurav Sharma, each violated the FERC’s prohibition on electric energy market manipulation by scheduling and trading physical power in MISO to benefit related swap positions that settle based on real-time MISO prices.

 

The FERC investigation addresses trading activity by former employees of TCPC whose employment contracts were terminated by TCPC on February 1, 2011 in connection with the Company’s reorganization of its Canadian operations. TCE and TCPC have no employees and do not conduct any operations. The allegations in the NAV are preliminary determinations by FERC staff and do not constitute findings by FERC that any violations have occurred.

 

Because TCP did not employ the identified traders whose actions are the focus of FERC’s investigation, none of the trades or trading at issue were related to TCP. Accordingly, the Company believes that TCP should not have been named as a subject in the NAV.

 

The Company’s subsidiaries have cooperated with FERC staff during the investigation and intend to continue to work with FERC to resolve the matter.

 

If a settlement is not reached and violations are ultimately determined to have occurred, FERC has the legal authority to require disgorgement of profits and assess fines of up to $1 million per violation per day.

 

The Company cannot predict the timing or financial or operational impact that may result from the NAV, including any payments that may result from a settlement if one is reached.

 

29
 

 

Former Employee Litigation

 

On February 1, 2011, the Company commenced a major restructuring of the operations of TCPC and all personnel were terminated, although several were subsequently re-hired. During the course of 2011, three former employees commenced legal proceedings and brought separate summary judgment applications seeking damages aggregating C$3,367,000 for wrongful dismissal and payment of performance bonuses. The Company filed a counterclaim for C$3,096,000 against one of the former employees for losses suffered, inappropriate expenses, and related matters. Two of the three summary judgment applications were dismissed on January 12, 2012. All three summary judgment applications were appealed and were heard on July 4, 5, and 6, 2012 by the Alberta Court of Queen’s Bench. On July 6, 2012, the court dismissed two of the three applications and allowed the third, awarding summary judgment against TCPC for a portion of the claim amounting to C$1,376,726.

 

In 2013, the former employees brought applications to amend their pleadings to include certain additional TCPC’s U.S. affiliates (“Twin Cities USA”). One of the former employees proceeded with the application and the others were adjourned. The application that proceeded went forward on April 29 and 30, 2013. In a decision dated January 31, 2014, the Court of Queen’s Bench dismissed the applications to add additional parties but allowed certain refinements to the pleadings. Thereafter Twin Cities consented to an amendment of pleadings of the other employees consistent with the Court’s ruling.

 

Separately, also on January 31, 2014, the Court of Queen’s Bench ordered Twin Cities USA to post security for costs in the sum of C$75,000 together with security for judgment in the sum of C$1,376,726. On February 25, 2014, Twin Cities USA posted the security for costs with the court and filed an appeal in the Court of Appeal of Alberta seeking a stay to set aside the obligation to post security for the judgment. On March 19, 2014, the request for a stay was denied. The appeal on the merits of that application proceeded on June 9, 2014. The appeal was dismissed and in order to preserve its claims and counterclaims against the former employees, Twin Cities USA posted security for the judgment on March 28, 2014 and continues to maintain the security for costs and judgment posted in the Court of Queen’s Bench, pending further order or direction from the Court of Queen’s Bench. Twin Cities USA and TCPC intend to continue to vigorously defend against the allegations and claims of the former employees and filed counterclaims or amended counterclaims for losses suffered and costs incurred in responding to the FERC investigation, inappropriate expenses, and related matters.

 

Due to the uncertainty surrounding the outcome of the litigation, including that of its counterclaims against the former employees, the Company is presently unable to determine a range of reasonably possible outcomes.

 

PJM Resettlements

 

Transmission Line Losses: On May 11, 2012, FERC issued an order denying rehearing motions in regards to PJM resettlement fees confirming its intent to reverse refunds it had granted to a number of market participants in a 2009 order. These refunds were related to transmission line loss refunds issued to the Company by PJM for prior periods. Pursuant to the order, the Company was required to return $782,000 to PJM which amount was paid in full in July 2012.

 

On July 9, 2012, several parties filed a petition for review of the May 11, 2012 FERC order with the District of Columbia Circuit of the U.S. Court of Appeals and certain subsidiaries of TCPH filed motions to intervene in the proceeding. In an order issued August 6, 2013, the Court remanded to FERC for further consideration the issue of recoupment of refunds that had previously been directed by FERC. The Court found that FERC’s orders failed to explain why refund recoupment was warranted and therefore its recoupment directive was found to be arbitrary and capricious.

 

30
 

 

On February 20, 2014, the FERC issued an order establishing a briefing schedule allowing parties to the proceeding to provide briefs on whether or not the recoupment orders should be reconsidered. Although briefing on all issues relevant to the remand was invited by FERC, it also presented five specific questions, primarily relating to the effect of the recoupment orders, for the parties to address. Initial briefs were due on April 6, 2014 and FERC’s reply briefs were due May 6, 2014.

 

Now that briefing is completed, it is expected that FERC will issue an order responding to the Court’s remand directive. If FERC affirms its prior order it is expected that some or all of the financial marketer appellants and interveners will again challenge the lawfulness of the decision on rehearing or before the Court of Appeals. If FERC reconsiders its order and finds that the refunds should not have been recouped, or failing that action, if the Court again finds the FERC order unlawful, then some or all of the funds paid to PJM in July 2012 could be returned to the Company. Due to the uncertainty surrounding the outcome of the remand and appeals process, the Company is presently unable to determine a reasonable estimate of the amount, if any, which could be returned.

 

BOR Charges: During the period from July 2009 to July 2011, due to its participation in PJM, the Company was required to pay certain balancing operating reserve (“BOR”) charges. During the same period, DC Energy, LLC and DC Energy Mid-Atlantic, LLC (collectively, “DC Energy”) were determined to have inappropriately avoided such payments by reporting certain transactions as internal bilateral transactions. A FERC order dated July 12, 2013 on Docket No. EL12-8-001 denied rehearing on a complaint by DC Energy with respect to PJM’s plan to retroactively bill them for these charges. PJM’s settlement reruns associated with these adjustments began in July 2013 and were expected to take approximately six months to complete. Through June 30, 2014, the Company had received refunds totaling $ 611,093 from PJM ($494,771 in 2013 and $116,322 in 2014) that have been recognized as revenue. On April 28, 2014, DC Energy and PJM filed a proposed settlement with FERC which requires approval. This action is still pending, but if approved, would allow the Company to retain the $611,093 that has already been disbursed. If the settlement is not approved by FERC, the Company may be required to return some or all of the funds received with respect to the matter, however, no reserve for such has been recorded as the Company believes the possibility of such to be remote.

 

Letter of Credit

 

On June 24, 2014, the Company’s restricted cash balance of $320,188 was returned by the City of Lakeville and a letter of credit in favor of Cyclone Partners, LLC was issued by Vermillion State Bank for the same amount. The note evidencing the letter of credit matures on demand, and advances, up to a maximum of $320,188, bears interest at an annual rate of 5.25%, and are secured by a mortgage on the property being developed and the guaranty of Cyclone. As of June 30, 2014, the Company was in compliance with all terms and conditions of the letter of credit.

 

Guarantees

 

In the ordinary course, TCPH provides guarantees for the future obligations of TCP, SUM, and CEF with respect to their participation in PJM, NYISO, MISO, and ERCOT. On April 8, 2014, the Company cancelled its guarantee for the benefit of PJM with respect to CEF. On April 14, 2014, TCPH increased its guarantee for the benefit of MISO to $2,000,000. As of June 30, 2014, such guarantees were in an unlimited amount for PJM, an unlimited amount for NYISO, up to $2,000,000 for MISO, and up to $5,000,000 for ERCOT.

 

On August 12, 2013, the Company entered into a corporate guaranty in favor of Noble Americas Energy Solutions LLC (“Noble”), pursuant to which, the Company has agreed, among other things, to guarantee, up to a maximum of $1.0 million plus any costs of enforcement or collection, the prompt and complete payment of all amounts owed to Noble by TSE related to any transactions between TSE and Noble.

 

31
 

 

On April 25, 2014, the Company entered into a corporate guaranty in favor of Noble pursuant to which the Company has agreed, among other things, to guarantee, up to a maximum of $1.0 million plus any costs of enforcement or collection, the prompt and complete payment of all amounts owed to Noble by DEG related to any transactions between DEG and Noble.

 

16.Segment Information

 

The Company has three business segments used to measure its business activity – wholesale trading, retail energy services, and real estate development:

 

·Wholesale trading activities earn profits from trading financial, physical, and derivative electricity in wholesale markets regulated by the FERC and the CFTC.
·On July 1, 2012, the Company began selling electricity to residential and small commercial customers.
·On October 23, 2013, the Company formed a new entity to take advantage of certain investment opportunities in the residential real estate market.

 

Trading profits and sales are classified as “foreign” or “domestic” based on the location where the trade or sale originated. For the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2013, all such transactions were “domestic.” Furthermore, the Company has no long-lived assets in foreign jurisdictions.

 

These segments are managed separately because they operate under different regulatory structures and are dependent upon different revenue models. The performance of each is evaluated based on the operating income or loss generated.

 

Certain amounts reported in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation.

 

32
 

 

Information on segments for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2014 is as follows:

 

   Wholesale
Trading
   Retail Energy
Services
   Real Estate Development   Corporate, Net of Eliminations   Consolidated Total 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2014                         
Wholesale trading  $26,814,046   $2,050,478   $   $   $28,864,524 
Retail energy services       5,126,548            5,126,548 
                          
Revenues, net   26,814,046    7,177,026            33,991,072 
                          
Costs of retail electricity sold       6,267,307            6,267,307 
Retail sales and marketing       151,395            151,395 
Compensation and benefits   11,968,223    166,449        788,469    12,923,141 
Professional fees   1,433,996    494,902        569,298    2,498,196 
Other general and administrative   2,334,691    603,047    59,555    (1,329,422)   1,667,871 
Trading tools and subscriptions   407,914    191,876    1,468    28,163    629,421 
Operating costs and expenses   16,144,824    7,874,976    61,023    56,508    24,137,331 
Operating income (loss)  $10,669,222   $(697,950)  $(61,023)  $(56,508)  $9,853,741 
                          
Capital expenditures  $15,218   $686,621   $56,505   $91,490   $849,834 
                          
Three Months Ended                         
June 30, 2014                         
Wholesale trading  $1,604,526   $238,273   $   $   $1,842,799 
Retail energy services       2,226,834            2,226,834 
                          
Revenues, net   1,604,526    2,465,107            4,069,633 
                          
Costs of retail electricity sold       1,677,901            1,677,901 
Retail sales and marketing       22,953            22,953 
Compensation and benefits   1,757,726    91,167        439,089    2,287,982 
Professional fees   915,723    214,471        235,140    1,365,334 
Other general and administrative   1,175,642    314,131    35,327    (687,561)   837,539 
Trading tools and subscriptions   217,051    101,247    693    17,228    336,219 
Operating costs and expenses   4,066,142    2,421,870    36,020    3,896    6,527,928 
Operating income (loss)  $(2,461,616)  $43,237   $(36,020)  $(3,896)  $(2,458,295)
                          
Capital expenditures  $12,531   $3,527   $34,226   $72,091   $122,375 

 

33
 

 

Information on segments at June 30, 2014 is as follows:

 

   Wholesale
Trading
   Retail Energy
Services
   Real Estate Development   Corporate, Net of Eliminations   Consolidated Total 
At June 30, 2014                         
Identifiable Assets                         
Cash - unrestricted  $1,554,737   $772,301   $   $648,542   $2,975,580 
Cash in trading accounts   16,607,136    932,520            17,539,656 
Accounts receivable - trade   1,051,248    1,069,788        852    2,121,888 
Marketable securities               1,074,149    1,074,149 
Prepaid expenses and other assets   109,122    122,775        187,473    419,370 
Total current assets   19,322,243    2,897,384        1,911,016    24,130,643 
                          
Property, equipment, and furniture, net   73,698    61,155        624,246    759,099 
                          
Intangible assets, net       421,759        125,000    546,759 
Deferred financing costs, net               282,488    282,488 
Cash - restricted               1,319,371    1,319,371 
Land held for development           520,486        520,486 
Investment in convertible notes               1,128,861    1,128,861 
Total assets  $19,395,941   $3,380,298   $520,486   $5,390,982   $28,687,707 
                          
Identifiable Liabilities and Equity                         
Current portion of:                         
Borrowings under line of credit  $   $   $   $700,000   $700,000 
Senior notes payable               6,948    6,948 
Subordinated notes               6,445,322    6,445,322 
Accounts payable - trade   514,310    476,996    12,033    575,684    1,579,023 
Accrued expenses       880,284        43,150    923,434 
Accrued compensation   1,609,515            15,000    1,624,515 
Accrued interest               634,753    634,753 
Obligations under non-competition agreement                     125,000       125,000  
Total current liabilities   2,123,825    1,357,280    12,033    8,545,857    12,038,995 
                          
Senior notes payable               221,052    221,052 
Subordinated notes               6,323,628    6,323,628 
Total liabilities   2,123,825    1,357,280    12,033    15,090,537    18,583,675 
                          
Investment in subsidiaries   4,084,136    5,628,047    638,553    (10,350,736)    
                          
Series A preferred equity               2,745,000    2,745,000 
Common equity   12,631,844    (3,719,227)   (130,100)   (2,157,722)   6,624,795 
Accumulated other comprehensive income     556,136       114,198             63,903       734,237  
                          
Total members' equity   17,272,116    2,023,018    508,453    (9,699,555)   10,104,032 
                          
Total liabilities and equity  $19,395,941   $3,380,298   $520,486   $5,390,982   $28,687,707 

 

 

34
 

 

Information on segments for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2013 is as follows:

 

   Wholesale
Trading
   Retail Energy
Services
   Real Estate Development   Corporate, Net of Eliminations   Consolidated Total 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2013                                        
Wholesale trading  $14,588,866   $   $   $   $14,588,866 
Retail energy services       3,035,358            3,035,358 
Revenues, net   14,588,866    3,035,358            17,624,224 
                          
Costs of retail electricity sold       3,282,302            3,282,302 
Retail sales and marketing       425            425 
Compensation and benefits   5,379,839    85,180        913,382    6,378,401 
Professional fees   2,693,272    124,740        681,820    3,499,832 
Other general and administrative   2,535,885    409,207        (1,613,622)   1,331,470 
Trading tools and subscriptions   451,757    17,615        16,595    485,967 
                          
Operating costs and expenses   11,060,753    3,919,469        (1,825)   14,978,397 
                          
Operating income (loss)  $3,528,113   $(884,111)  $   $1,825   $2,645,827 
                          
Capital expenditures  $30,549   $   $   $26,774   $57,323 
                          
Three Months Ended                         
June 30, 2013                         
Wholesale trading  $7,791,798   $   $   $   $7,791,798 
Retail energy services       1,598,029            1,598,029 
Revenues, net   7,791,798    1,598,029            9,389,827 
                          
Costs of retail electricity sold       1,597,920            1,597,920 
Retail sales and marketing       37            37 
Compensation and benefits   2,266,026    43,619        468,144    2,777,789 
Professional fees   2,088,328    75,222        409,094    2,572,644 
Other general and administrative   1,447,826    151,630        (900,038)   699,418 
Trading tools and subscriptions   242,421    12,162        8,764    263,347 
                          
Operating costs and expenses   6,044,601    1,880,590        (14,036)   7,911,155 
                          
Operating income (loss)  $1,747,197   $(282,561)  $   $14,036   $1,478,672 
                          
Capital expenditures  $14,001   $   $   $15,448   $29,449 

 

35
 

 

17.Subsequent Events

 

From July 1 to August 11, 2014, the Company sold additional Subordinated Notes totaling $1,303,228 with a weighted average term of 34.9 months and bearing a weighted average interest rate of 12.63%.

 

On July 2, 2014, the Company invested $400,000 in a privately placed Convertible Promissory Note, convertible into Series C Preferred Shares (the “C Note”) issued by Ultra Green. Effective as of the same date, the principal of the Short Term Notes was also converted into the C Note, bringing the total principal amount of the C Note owned by the Company to $500,000. The C Note will mature on December 31, 2019 and bears interest at a fixed rate of 10% per annum. Interest will accrue until June 30, 2015, at which time all accrued and unpaid interest will become due and payable. Thereafter, interest will be due and payable on a quarterly basis.

 

The outstanding principal and accrued interest on the C Note may be converted into shares of Ultra Green’s Series C Preferred Stock (the “Series C”) on its maturity date at the option of the Company at an initial conversion price of $1.00 per share, as adjusted. In addition, at any time prior to or at maturity and upon the affirmative vote of the holders of 66.625% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the C Notes, all of the C Notes will convert into shares of Series C at the conversion price of $1.00 per share.

 

Each share of Series C is convertible into 100 Ultra Green common shares for an initial conversion price of $0.01 per share. The Series C shall have voting rights on an “as-converted” basis, voting with the common stock on any matter presented to the shareholders of the Company for their action or consideration at any shareholder meeting, or by written consent in lieu thereof.

 

At the conclusion of the C Note Offering, anticipated to be on or about August 31, 2014 (subject to a 90 day extension) and assuming all notes offered are sold (excluding any sales of the placement agent’s overallotment), and excluding options and warrants for 7,810,000 shares with exercise prices in excess of $0.50, Ultra Green will have 1,009,047,334 fully diluted common and common-equivalent shares outstanding. Assuming no additional issuances of common or common-equivalents to others, conversion of the principal amount of its B and C Notes to Series C shares, conversion of the Series C into common shares, and the exercise of the option described above, the Company would own 200,000,000 common shares or 19.82% of the fully diluted shares outstanding.

 

On July 31, 2014, the Company was informed by the Internal Revenue Service that its 2012 return was accepted with no adjustments.

 

The Company has evaluated subsequent events occurring through the date that the financial statements were issued.

 

36
 

Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, notes to those statements, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations from our 2013 Form 10-K, and the other financial information appearing elsewhere in this report. In addition to historical information, the following discussion and other parts of this Form 10-Q contain forward-looking information that involves risks and uncertainties. Readers are cautioned that forward-looking statements should be read in conjunction with our disclosures in this Form 10-Q under the heading “Forward-Looking Statements” located on page 8, “Item 1A – Risk Factors” of our 2013 Form 10-K, and the “Risk Factors” section beginning on page 10 of our Form S-1.

 

The risks and uncertainties described in this Form 10-Q, our 2013 Form 10-K, and our Form S-1 are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are not presently aware of, or that we currently consider immaterial, may also affect our business operations. Our business, financial condition, or results of operations could suffer if the risks set forth are realized.

 

Industry Background

 

Electric power in commercial quantities, unlike other energy commodities such as coal or natural gas, cannot be stored - the supply must be produced or generated exactly when used or demanded by customers. Further, the laws of physics dictate that power flows within a network along the lines of least resistance, not necessarily where we may want it to go. These facts, coupled with the necessity of electricity in modern life, have obvious implications for market structures and regulations.

 

Since 1978, the investor–owned portion of the industry has been undergoing a massive restructuring process with the passage of the Public Utilities Regulatory Policy Act. PURPA stimulated development of renewable energy sources and co-generation and laid the groundwork for deregulation and competition by opening wholesale power markets to non-utility producers for the first time.

 

Today, the industry includes any entity producing, selling, distributing, or trading electricity. As of the end of 2012, utilities numbered over 2,100 and included investor-owned, publicly-owned, cooperative, and federal entities - investor-owned utilities accounted for more than 71% of the industry’s revenues, unit sales, and customers. There were also about 110 non-utility power producers. Power marketers and retail energy providers do not own any generation, transmission, or distribution assets but buy and sell in wholesale and retail markets. Other wholesale market participants include banks, hedge funds, private equity firms, and trading houses

 

Overall, according to EIA data for 2012 (the most recent available), the U.S. electric power industry generated and sold 3,695 GWh at retail (down 1.5% from 2011) for a little more than $363.6 billion (down 2.0%) to over 145 million residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation customers (up 0.5%). In 2012, the average U.S. retail electricity price was 9.84¢/kWh - residential customers paid 11.88¢/kWh, commercial users paid 10.09¢/kWh, and industrial and transportation consumers paid 6.70¢/kWh.

 

37
 

 

Electricity Prices

 

Today, wholesale prices are subject to a federal regulatory framework focused on ensuring fair competition and reliability of supply. At the state level, under the traditional system which most states continue to employ, a vertically integrated utility is responsible for serving all consumers in a defined territory and customers are obligated to pay the regulated rate for their class of service. However, in a state with a restructured or “deregulated” market, i.e., one with retail choice, the generation, transmission, distribution, and retail marketing functions of the business are legally separated and consumer pricing is unbundled.

 

Wholesale electricity prices are driven by supply and demand and actually change minute-by-minute. Near term demand is largely affected by the weather and consumer behavior while supply is driven by plant availability and fuel prices, particularly for natural gas as it is the fuel of choice for marginal generation requirements. In the longer term, retail electricity prices reflect supply-side factors such as fuel prices and availability, generation technologies, plant and line construction and maintenance costs, and capital costs. Demand-side factors include population growth, economic activity, and energy efficiency. Governmental policies and regulations with respect to energy and the environment affect both the supply of, and demand for, electricity.

 

Wholesale prices are typically quoted as “on-peak”, “off-peak”, or “flat”, and in dollars per megawatt-hour ($/MWh). Peak hours are generally the 16 hours ending 0800 (8:00 am) to 2300 (11:00 pm) on weekdays, except for the NERC holidays of New Year’s Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. Off-peak periods are all NERC holidays and weekend hours plus the 8 weekday hours from the hour ending at 2400 (midnight) until the hour ending at 0700 (7:00 am). Each month in a calendar year has a different number of on- and off- peak hours, consequently, the flat price for a given month takes this into account. The flat price for a day is simply the average of the 24 hourly prices. Retail prices are quoted in cents per kilowatt-hour (¢/kWh).

 

One of the unique aspects of ISO electricity markets is the availability of “locational marginal prices” (“LMPs”), also known as “nodal pricing”. The theoretical price of electricity at each node on the network is calculated based on the assumptions that one additional kilowatt-hour is demanded at the node in question, and that the marginal cost to the system that would result from the optimized re-dispatch of available generating units to serve the load can establish the production cost of the additional energy. LMPs are typically quoted on a “real-time” and “day-ahead” basis. In the real-time market, prices at specific nodes on the grid are updated every 5 minutes based on current and targeted supply and demand. Day-ahead prices are for power to be delivered at a specified hour and transmission point during the next day.

 

LMPs vary by time and location due to physical system limitations, congestion, and loss factors; however, in an unconstrained system with no losses, all LMPs would be equal. This means that LMPs can be conceptually separated into three components - an energy price, a congestion component, and a loss component.

 

As generators are dispatched to meet load, the energy transfer capacity of transmission lines is used. Bulk power systems must be operated to allow for continuity of supply even if a contingent event, like the loss of a line, generator, or transformer were to occur. At times, transmission lines may also reach their maximum thermal capacity. These “security constraints”, also known as “congestion”, limit the ability to use the least expensive generation. In other words, when constraints exist on a transmission network, there is a need for more expensive generation to be used, and separate prices on either side of a node give rise to congestion pricing to relieve the constraint and reduce line loadings.

 

Finally, since transmission lines act as resistors to the flow of energy, to receive a specific quantity at a particular destination, more than the expected quantity must be injected into the line at origination to compensate for losses.

 

38
 

 

Wholesale Electricity Markets

 

After PURPA, the Energy Policy Act of 1992 was the next major legislative step towards full deregulation of wholesale power markets. In 1996, FERC issued Orders 888 and 889, which allowed for energy to be scheduled across multiple power systems, and in 1999, FERC issued Order 2000 calling for electric utilities to form RTOs or ISOs to operate the nation’s bulk power system. The intended benefits of ISOs include eliminating discriminatory access to transmission for all generators, improving operating efficiency, and increasing system reliability. ISOs are typically not-for-profit entities using governance models developed by FERC. To date, seven ISOs have been formed in the U.S. In the parts of the country where ISOs have not been established, including the southeast, southwest and northwest, active wholesale markets are still present, although they operate with different structures.

 

In addition to controlling the physical flow of power within its area of responsibility via direction to generators operating within the ISO’s footprint, many ISOs also operate wholesale markets for real-time and day-ahead energy, as well as for generating capacity and ancillary services required to ensure system reliability.

 


 

Trading activity in ISO markets is often characterized by the acquisition of electricity at a given location such as a node or hub and its delivery to another. “Virtual” or purely financial transactions settle in cash in an amount equal to the difference between the purchase and sale prices, while physical transactions are settled by the delivery of the electricity itself, but in either case, the ISO serves as the counter-party and central clearinghouse for all trades.

 

39
 

 

In addition to the markets operated by the ISOs, derivative contracts such as swaps, options, and futures keyed to a wholesale electricity price are traded over-the-counter and on regulated exchanges, including ICE, NGX, and CME. Derivative contracts are available for many terms and pricing points and always settle in cash with profit or loss determined by price movements in the underlying commodity, whether it be electricity or another energy commodity such as natural gas or crude oil.

 

Retail Electricity Markets

 

Historically, at the state level, electricity was a regulated market, where vertically-integrated utilities owned all or a major part of the bulk power and distribution infrastructure and were responsible for generating electricity or buying it from other producers and distributing it to homes and businesses. Regulated utilities are responsible for serving all consumers in their defined territory and customers are obligated to pay the regulated rate for their class of service. Neither provider nor consumer has a choice about who they do business with.

 

In the 1990s, many states, particularly those in the Northeast and California where retail prices were historically among the highest in the country, began restructuring their electric power industries in an effort to bring the benefits of competition to retail customers. This new regulatory approach centered on deregulation of generation and retail marketing while continuing the traditional cost-of-service plan for transmission and distribution.

 


 

 

 

40
 

 

Unbundling of consumer electric bills in restructured markets made many aware for the first time exactly what they were paying for. In general, the bills of retail electricity customers include numerous charges that can be classified into three major categories – generation, delivery, and governmental policy costs, such as universal service, lifeline service, energy efficiency programs, and sales and use taxes. On average between 2000 and 2012, energy and delivery accounted for about 67% and 33%, respectively, of the average retail price excluding policy costs. Of course, these percentages fluctuate from year to year and state to state, primarily due to wholesale energy market conditions, weather, and state rules. The regulated portions of formerly vertically-integrated utilities, now generally known as electric or local distribution companies (“EDCs” or “LDCs”) are responsible for delivering power, billing consumers, and resolving any service issues, but customers can shop around and buy power from any licensed supplier or broker doing business in the state, hence “retail choice”.

 

Today, 15 years after Massachusetts and Rhode Island became the first states to effectively implement choice in 1998, 20 jurisdictions have some form of choice. However, it is important to note that not all consumers in choice jurisdictions are able to select their electricity supplier as they are served by public or cooperative utilities. Nonetheless, in the 14 areas where all rate classes have choice there are almost 24 million residential and over 2.8 million non-residential customers using about 353,000,000 MWh annually.

 

Overall, we believe that choice is proving to be a boon for consumers. According to an analysis of data from the EIA, between 2000 and 2012 retail rates for all customer sectors in states with restructured retail markets increased by only 12.0% compared with a 34.9% increase in states that rely on regulated utilities.

 

41
 

 

Company Overview

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, notes to those statements, and the other financial information appearing in this report. The risks and uncertainties described are not the only ones facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are not presently aware of, or that we currently consider immaterial, may also affect our business operations. Our business, financial condition, or results of operations could suffer if the risks set forth are realized.

 

Through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, TCPH trades financial and physical electricity contracts in North American wholesale markets regulated by FERC and operated by ISOs and RTOs, trades energy derivative contracts on exchanges regulated by the CFTC, including ICE, NGX, and CME, provides electricity supply services to retail customers in certain states that permit retail choice, and is engaged in certain real estate development activities. Consequently, the Company has three major business segments used to measure its activity – wholesale trading, retail energy services, and real estate development.

 

The following shows our organizational structure as of June 30, 2014 (active entities only):

 


 

Key:

Orange – Holding Company; Green – Wholesale Energy Trading; Light Blue – Retail Energy Services; Gray – Real Estate Development

 

Wholesale Trading

 

In general, the Company’s trading activities are characterized by the acquisition of electricity or other energy-related commodities at a given location and its delivery to another. “Financial” transactions settle in cash in an amount equal to the difference between the purchase and sale prices, while “physical” transactions are settled by the delivery of the commodity. ISO-traded financial contracts are also known as “virtual” trades, are outstanding overnight, and settle the next day. The Company also trades electricity and other energy derivatives on ICE, NGX, and CME and may hold an open interest in these contracts overnight or longer.

 

42
 

 

Retail Energy Services

 

On June 29, 2012, TCP acquired certain assets and the business of Community Power & Utility LLC, a retail energy supplier serving residential and small commercial markets in Connecticut. The business was re-named TSE, and beginning on July 1, 2012, the Company began selling electricity to retail accounts. During late 2012 and early 2013, TSE applied for retail electricity supplier licenses for the states of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island which were issued on various dates in 2013. On January 2, 2014, the Company acquired DEG, a retail energy business licensed by the states of Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Ohio.

 

Consequently, the retail markets in which the Company expects to compete in 2014 include at least the following states: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Rhode Island; however, projected margins in specific states and utility service territories will ultimately determine where the Company will deploy its retail marketing resources and obtain customers.

 

Our customer base consists largely of residential consumers with a few small commercial accounts. We primarily use direct marketing strategies to sell our services and our customers may typically cancel their contracts at any time.

 

Real Estate Development

 

On October 23, 2013, the Company formed Cyclone as a wholly-owned subsidiary to take advantage of certain perceived investment opportunities present in the residential real estate market in the southern portion of the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area. Specifically, Cyclone intends to acquire and develop land for resale, either as improved sites for construction of single- and multi-family homes or as completed dwellings.

 

Derivative Instruments

 

In our wholesale operations, we use derivative contracts for trading purposes, seeking to profit from perceived opportunities driven by expected changes in market prices. In our retail business, we are exposed to volatility in the cost of energy acquired for sale to customers, and as a result, we use derivatives to hedge or reduce this variability.

 

Our retail operations follow ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”) guidance that permits “hedge accounting”. To qualify for hedge accounting, the relationship between the “hedged item” (say power purchases for a given delivery zone) and a derivative used as a “hedging instrument” (say, a swap contract for future delivery of electricity at a related hub), must meet extensive documentation requirements and hedge effectiveness and ineffectiveness must be assessed and measured on an on-going basis. For these derivatives “designated” as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of any change in the hedging instrument’s fair value is recorded as other comprehensive income and deferred until the change in value of the hedged item is recognized in earnings. Our risk management policies also permit the use of undesignated derivatives which we refer to as “economic hedges”. For an undesignated economic hedge, all changes in the derivative financial instrument’s fair value are recognized currently in revenues.

 

43
 

 

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, financial and virtual electricity represented 100% of our total trading volume in FERC-regulated markets, that is, we traded no physical power during these periods in our wholesale segment.

 

The table below details our open derivative contracts held for trading purposes, as undesignated, economic hedges by our retail segment, and as cash flow hedges by our retail segment as of June 30, 2014:

 

Open Derivative Contracts

As of June 30, 2014

 

 

                Fair Value 
Segment and
contract type
  Hub or zone  Delivery period  Final settlement  Energy
(MWh)
   Asset   Liability 
Wholesale Trading                        
Electricity future  MISO Indiana Hub peak  daily  daily   (2,400)  $   $2,200 
Electricity future  ERCOT North zone peak  daily  daily   800    120     
Electricity future  PJM West Hub peak  daily  daily   20,000    66,480     
Electricity future  Alberta ext off peak  Jul 2014  8/4/14   1,240        47,120 
Electricity future  Alberta ext off peak  Oct 2014  11/4/14   33,480        1,227,042 
Electricity future  Alberta ext off peak  Oct 2014  11/4/14   66,960    1,714,176     
Electricity future  Alberta ext off peak  Nov 2014  12/4/14   2,400        81,600 
Electricity future  Alberta ext off peak  Nov 2014  12/4/14   4,800    74,400     
Subtotals, wholesale trading segment            127,280    1,855,176    1,357,962 
                         
Retail Energy Services - Economic Hedges                        
Electricity futures  PJM West Hub  Q3 2014  various   4,296    2,803    1,440 
Electricity futures and options  NYISO Zone G and PJM West Hub  Q4 2014  various   47,615    70,674    91,110 
Electricity futures  PJM West Hub  Q1 2015  various   10,795    83,652     
Electricity futures  PJM West Hub  Q2 2015  various   10,920    4,736    40,514 
Electricity futures  PJM West Hub  Q3 2015  various   11,040    13,624    25,762 
Electricity futures  PJM West Hub  Q4 2015  various   16,545    8,888    47,429 
Subtotals, retail energy services segment, economic hedges            101,211    184,376    206,255 
                         
Retail Energy Services - Designated Cash Flow Hedges                        
Electricity futures  ISO-NE Mass Hub and Connecticut Zone  Q3 2014  various   23,600    116,294    70,456 
Electricity futures  ISO-NE Mass Hub  Q4 2014  various   10,845    224,274    40,308 
Electricity futures  ISO-NE Mass Hub  Q2 2015  various   14,280    10,824    69,642 
Electricity futures  ISO-NE Mass Hub  Q3 2015  various   18,480    75,480    132,268 
Subtotals, retail energy services segment, cash flow hedges            67,205    426,872    312,674 
Totals            295,696   $2,466,424   $1,876,891 

 

44
 

 

The table below details our open derivative contracts held for trading purposes, as undesignated, economic hedges by our retail segment, and as cash flow hedges by our retail segment as of December 31, 2013:

 

Open Derivative Contracts Held for Trading or as Economic Hedges

As of December 31, 2013

 

 

                Fair Value 
Segment and
contract type
  Hub or zone  Delivery period  Final settlement  Energy
(MWh)
   Asset   Liability 
Wholesale Trading                        
Electricity future  PJM West Hub peak  Dec 2013  1/3/14   4,000   $   $17,240 
Electricity future  PJM West Hub peak  Dec 2013  1/3/14   16,800        34,608 
Electricity future  PJM West Hub peak  Dec 2013  1/3/14   800        400 
Electricity future  PJM West Hub peak  daily  1/6/14   1,600        3,200 
Electricity future  AESO ext peak  Feb 2014  3/4/14   40,320        596,137 
Electricity future  AESO ext off peak  Feb 2014  3/4/14   19,040    614,592     
Electricity future  AESO ext off peak  Mar 2014  4/5/14   1,240        35,571 
Subtotals, wholesale trading segment            83,800    614,592    687,156 
                         
Retail Energy Services - Economic Hedges                        
Electricity futures  ISO-NE Mass Hub, NYISO Zone G, and PJM West Hub  Q1 2014  various   22,200    60,226    36,724 
Electricity futures  PJM West Hub  Q2 2014  various   5,120    1,932    7,660 
Electricity futures  PJM West Hub  Q3 2014  various   5,120    40,856    4,872 
Electricity futures  PJM West Hub  Q3 2014  various   5,120        21,416 
Subtotals, retail energy services segment, economic hedges            37,560    103,014    70,672 
                         
Retail Energy Services - Designated as Cash Flow Hedges                        
Electricity futures  ISO-NE Mass Hub  Q1 2014  various   12,200    289,338     
Electricity futures  ISO-NE Mass Hub  Q2 2014  various   8,560    2,436    24,564 
Electricity futures  ISO-NE Mass Hub  Q3 2014  various   5,120    11,588    251 
Electricity futures  ISO-NE Mass Hub  Q4 2014  various   6,880    113,948    35,880 
Subtotals, retail energy services segment, cash flow hedges            32,760   $417,310   $60,695 
Totals            154,120   $1,134,916   $818,523 

 

45
 

 

Results of Operations

 

Three Months Ended June 30, 2014 and 2013

 

The following table sets forth selected financial data for the periods indicated, which has been derived from the consolidated financial statements included in this report:

 

   For The Three Months Ended June 30, 
   2014   2013   Increase (decrease) 
Dollars in thousands  Dollars   Percent   Dollars   Percent   Dollars   Percent 
Revenue                              
Wholesale trading revenue, net  $1,843    45.3%   $7,792    83.0%   $(5,949)   -76.3% 
Retail electricity revenue   2,227    54.7%    1,598    17.0%    629    39.4% 
Net revenue   4,070    100.0%    9,390    100.0%    (5,320)   -56.7% 
                               
Operating costs & expenses                              
Cost of retail electricity sold   1,678    41.2%    1,598    17.0%    80    5.0% 
Retail sales and marketing   23    0.6%        0.0%    23    na   
Compensation and benefits   2,288    56.2%    2,778    29.6%    (490)   -17.6% 
Professional fees   1,365    33.5%    2,573    27.4%    (1,208)   -46.9% 
Other general & administrative   838    20.6%    699    7.4%    139    19.9% 
Trading tools & subscriptions   336    8.2%    263    2.7%    73    27.8% 
Total operating expenses   6,528    160.4%    7,911    84.2%    (1,383)   -17.5% 
                               
Operating income (loss)   (2,458)   -60.4%    1,479    15.8%    (3,937)   -266.2% 
                               
Interest expense   (514)   -12.6%    (360)   -3.8%    (154)   42.8% 
Interest income   43    1.1%    8    0.0%    35    437.5% 
Loss on foreign currency                              
exchange   (261)   -6.4%    (1)   0.0%    (260)   26000.0% 
Other income   3    0.1%        0.0%    3    na   
Other expense, net   (730)   -18.0%    (353)   -3.8%    (377)   106.7% 
                               
Income (loss) before income taxes   (3,188)   -78.4%    1,126    12.0%    (4,314)   -383.1% 
Income tax provision (benefit)       -0.1%    9    0.1%    (9)   -100.0% 
                               
Net income (loss)   (3,188)   -78.3%    1,117    11.9%    (4,305)   -385.4% 
                               
Preferred distributions   (137)   -3.4%    (137)   -1.5%        0.0% 
                               
Net income (loss) attributable to common  $(3,325)   -81.7%   $980    10.4%   $(4,305)   -439.2% 

 

 

46
 

 

Wholesale trading revenue, net: Generally, our greatest opportunities for profitable trades occur during periods of market turbulence, when the forecast for supply or demand is more likely to be inaccurate. When demand for energy is relatively stable, price variations tend to be small or non-existent. During periods of market turbulence, prices tend to be volatile, which give our traders the opportunity to take advantage of such volatility. In our wholesale trading business, we record revenues based upon changes in the fair values of the contracts we trade, net of costs. The initial recognition of fair value and subsequent changes in fair value affect reported earnings in the period the change occurs. The fair values of instruments that remain open at a balance sheet date represent unrealized gains or losses. Our primary costs in generating revenue are compensation of our energy traders as well as the interest expense of obtaining the capital necessary to post collateral.

 

On a wholesale level, electricity prices are highly correlated with weather and the price of natural gas, particularly in our key eastern markets, where it is the marginal fuel of choice for most generation. The benchmark price to which much of our wholesale trading is keyed is PJM West Hub and volatility in this index drives many of our revenue opportunities. While our revenues generally track changes in price, other factors come into play as well, such as the size of trades we have in place and whether or not we are buying or selling.

 

According to NOAA data, for the three months ended June 30, 2014, heating degree-days for the U.S. were 482 or 6% below the figure for the same period in 2013 of 512 and 2% below the 30 year normal of 493. Cooling degree-days during the second quarter of 2014 totaled 387 compared to 370 in 2013 and a normal of 376, making the quarterly period about 5% warmer than last year and about 3% warmer than normal.

 

During the second quarter of 2014, the Henry Hub natural gas spot price averaged $4.60/MCF, 15% above 2013’s $4.01 mark and 23% above the 5 year average price of $3.74. Supplies of gas during 2014 were adequate. Weekly storage levels averaged 1,308 BCF or 37% less than in 2013’s level of 2,084 BCF and 41% lower than the 5 year average of 2,225.

 

     Three Months Ended June 30, 
         Increase (decrease) 
    Units   This year vs last year   This year vs LTA  
    2014    2013    LTA (1)    Units    Percent    Units    Percent 
U.S. Weather                                   
Heating degree-days   482    512    493    (30)   -6%    (11)   -2% 
Cooling degree-days   387    370    376    17    5%    11    3% 
Avg temperature (°F)   60.8°F     60.3°F     61.7°F     0.5°F     1%    -0.8°F     -1% 
                                    
Natural Gas                                   
Henry Hub spot price ($/MCF)   4.60    4.01    3.74    0.59    15%    0.86    23% 
Working gas in underground storage, Lower 48 states, EIA weekly estimates (BCF)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,308
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,084
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,225
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(776
 
 
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
-37%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(917
 
 
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
-41%
 
 
 

__________

1 - "LTA" abbreviates long term average. For weather data, the 30 year period is 1984-2013 and for natural gas the 5 year period is 2009-2013.

 

 

47
 

 

The average for the PJM West Peak price during the three months ended June 30, 2014 was $50.48/MWh with a standard deviation of $7.95 resulting in a coefficient of variation of 16%, compared to $44.04/MWh, $7.40, and 17% for the same period in 2013. As shown by the table below, price levels and volatility were generally about the same in the 2014 period as compared to 2013.

 

   Three Months Ended June 30, 
           Increase (decrease) 
PJM West Hub Peak Day Ahead  2014   2013   Units   Percent 
                 
Price ($/MWh)                    
Average   50.48    44.04    6.44    15% 
Maximum   80.65    76.88    3.77    5% 
Minimum   37.83    33.22    4.61    14% 
Standard deviation   7.95    7.40    0.56    8% 
Coefficient of variation (stdev ÷ avg)   16%    17%    -1%    -6% 
                     
Daily percentage changes                    
Average   1.0%    0.8%    0.2%    27% 
Maximum   37.3%    41.0%    -3.7%    -9% 
Minimum   -30.9%    -46.6%    15.7%    -34% 
Standard deviation   12.5%    11.9%    0.7%    6% 
                     
Number of days                    
Up 10% or more   18    12    6    50% 
Between 10% up and 10% down   33    42    (9)   -21% 
Down 10% or more   13    10    3    30% 

 

During the second quarter, we hired eight new traders, bringing the total to 27 as of June 30, 2014. We also began trading financial transmission rights (“FTRs”) in the MISO market.

 

Largely as a result of these factors, primarily the lack of market turbulence and price volatility, for the three months ended June 30, 2014, net trading revenue decreased by $5,949,000 or 76.3% to $1,843,000 compared to $7,792,000 for the same period in 2013.

 

48
 

 

Retail electricity sales: Revenue from the retail sale of electricity is recorded in the period in which customers consume the commodity, net of any applicable sales tax. Revenue applicable to electricity consumed by customers but not yet billed under the cycle billing method is estimated and accrued along with the related costs. Changes in estimates are reflected in operations in the period in which they are refined.

 

In the second quarter of 2014, in addition to the designated hedges described below in “costs of retail electricity sold” to which hedge accounting was applied, we also used certain derivative contracts to which hedge accounting was not applied as economic hedges to reduce our exposure to higher costs. Consequently, the gain on these contracts is reported as “wholesale trading revenue, net”. For the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, we recorded wholesale trading revenues of $238,000 and $0, respectively, in our retail energy services segment.

 

During the second quarter of 2014, exclusive of these gains on economic hedges, we recognized retail sales revenue of $2,227,000 compared to $1,598,000 for 2013, up 39%, principally as a result of increased prices, an increased customer count, and the recording of additional retail sales of $465,000 due to a change in estimate. See also “Note 16 – Segment Information” to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

The following table summarizes the key operating statistics of our retail business.

 

   For/At Three Months Ended June 30, 
           Increase (decrease) 
Key Operating Statistics  2014   2013   Units   Percent 
                 
Revenues ($000s)   2,227    1,598    629    39.4% 
Unit sales (MWh)   20,044    21,365    (1,321)   -6.2% 
Average retail price (¢/kWh)   11.11    7.48    3.63    48.5% 
Customers receiving service, EoP   9,808    9,281    527    5.7% 
New customer sign-ups, net of (drops)   3,865    2,081    1,784    85.7% 
Avg daily sign-ups (drops)   42    23    20    85.7% 

 

Real estate development, net: Revenues from real estate developments, if any, are recognized at the time of sale closing if all significant conditions are satisfied, including adequate down payment, reasonable assurance of collectability of any notes received, and completion of other contract requirements. Recognition of all or part of the revenue is deferred if any significant conditions are not satisfied.

 

Costs that relate directly to development projects are capitalized and allocated using the specific identification method. Land acquisition, improvements, and holding costs, including real estate taxes and interest are capitalized while a development is in progress. Interest expense, if any, is capitalized based on specific identification of notes payable issued to finance specific assets under development. Once development on a project has been completed and sales have begun, remaining inventory is recorded at the lower of cost or market. Development costs are charged to cost of sales when the related revenue is recognized or when a development is abandoned.

 

During the three months ended June 30, 2014, the Company recorded no revenue or income but capitalized a total of $34,226 of costs associated with its real estate development activities.

 

49
 

 

Costs of retail electricity sold: Our costs of electricity sold includes the cost of purchased power, EDC service fees, renewable energy certificates, bad debt expense, and gains net of losses and commissions on derivative contracts used to hedge power purchase costs. For the three months ended June 30, 2014, the Company purchased electricity sold to retail customers in ISO-NE’s and PJM’s wholesale markets and from certain other wholesale suppliers. The Company is required to maintain cash deposits in separate accounts to meet our wholesale energy vendors’ financial assurance requirements to purchase energy, ancillary services, and capacity which amount is included in “cash in trading accounts”.

 

During the second quarter of 2014, we fixed part of the cost of the energy sold to our customers using 9,283 MWh of forward physical purchases and 16,040 MWh of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges. For the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, our designated hedges had the effect of increasing cost of retail electricity sold by $152,956 and $172,460, respectively.

 

As shown by the Open Derivative Contracts table on page 44, as of June 30, 2014, we had designated 67,205 MWh of electricity futures as hedges against the cost of expected 2014 and 2015 electricity purchases. $114,198, representing the net gain on the effective portion of the hedge, was deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income and $229,804 and $(115,606) of this amount is expected to be reclassified to cost of retail electricity sold by December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively.

 

For the three months ended June 30, 2014, our cost of retail electricity sold, net of gains on designated hedges, increased by $80,000 or 5.0% to $1,678,000 compared to $1,598,000 for the same period in 2013.

 

Compensation and benefits: Salaries, wages, and related expenses such as employee benefits and payroll taxes consist primarily of base and incentive compensation paid to our administrative officers, energy traders, and other employees.

 

Even though we hired additional traders in the second quarter of 2014, for the three months ended June 30, 2014, salaries, wages, and related costs decreased by $490,000 or 17.6% to $2,288,000 compared to $2,778,000 for the same period in 2013. A substantial portion of our personnel expense is directly related to the revenue we record, since our traders’ compensation is tied to revenue production.

 

Professional fees: Professional fees consist of legal expenses, audit fees, tax compliance reporting service fees, and other fees paid for outside consulting services.

 

For the second quarter of 2014, professional fees decreased by $1,208,000 or 46.9% to $1,365,000 compared to $2,573,000 for the same period in 2013, primarily because of higher consulting fees incurred in the comparable 2013 period.

 

50
 

 

Other general and administrative: Other general and administrative expenses consist of rent, depreciation, amortization, travel, outside retail marketing and customer service costs, and all other direct office support expenses.

 

For the three months ended June 30, 2014, these costs increased by approximately $139,000 to $838,000 compared to $699,000 for the same period in 2013. The increase was primarily related to an increase in amortization expense by $59,000 to $139,000 from $80,000 due to the amortization of certain intangible assets acquired in connection with the DEG acquisition. Also, with the DEG acquisition the entity has accumulated its own general and administrative expenses that did not exist in the same period in 2013. The Company also continues to incur marketing costs and administrative expenses associated with the Notes Offering.

 

Trading tools and subscriptions: Trading tools and subscriptions consist primarily of amounts paid for services that provide weather reports and forecasting, electrical load forecasting, congestion analysis and other factors relative to electricity production and consumption.

 

For the period ended June 30, 2014, trading tools and subscriptions expense increased by $73,000 or 27.8% to $336,000 compared to $263,000 for the same period in 2013, primarily due to the acquisition of DEG.

 

Other income (expense): Other expense, net of other income, increased by $377,000 to $730,000 for 2014 compared to $353,000 for 2013. As the principal component of other expense, interest expense increased by $154,000 to $514,000 for the three months from $360,000 during the same period in 2013. The increase was attributed primarily to an increase in outstanding debt of $1,909,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2014 compared to an increase of $1,535,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2013.

 

Preferred distributions: During the second quarters of 2014 and 2013, we distributed $137,000 to preferred unit holders.

 

51
 

 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2014 and 2013

 

The following table sets forth selected financial data for the periods indicated, which has been derived from the consolidated financial statements included in this report:

 

   For The Six Months Ended June 30, 
   2014   2013   Increase (decrease) 
Dollars in thousands  Dollars   Percent   Dollars   Percent   Dollars   Percent 
                         
Revenue                              
Wholesale trading revenue, net  $28,865    84.9%   $14,589    82.8%   $14,276    97.9% 
Retail electricity revenue   5,127    15.1%    3,035    17.2%    2,092    68.9% 
Net revenue   33,991    100.0%    17,624    100.0%    16,367    92.9% 
                               
Operating costs & expenses                              
Cost of retail electricity sold   6,267    18.4%    3,282    18.6%    2,985    91.0% 
Retail sales & marketing   151    0.4%        0.0%    151    na   
Compensation & benefits   12,923    38.0%    6,378    36.2%    6,545    102.6% 
Professional fees   2,498    7.3%    3,500    19.9%    (1,002)   -28.6% 
Other general & administrative   1,668    4.9%    1,331    7.6%    337    25.3% 
Trading tools & subscriptions   629    1.9%    486    2.8%    143    29.4% 
Total operating expenses   24,137    71.0%    14,977    85.0%    9,160    61.2% 
                               
Operating income (loss)   9,854    29.0%    2,647    15.0%    7,207    272.3% 
                               
Interest expense   (982)   -2.9%    (709)   -4.0%    (273)   38.4% 
Interest income   55    0.2%    16    0.1%    39    243.8% 
Loss on foreign currency exchange   (261)   -0.8%        0.0%    (261)   na   
Other income   3    0.0%        0.0%    3    na   
Other income (expense), net   (1,184)   -3.5%    (693)   -3.9%    (491)   70.9% 
Income (loss) before income taxes   8,670    25.5%    1,954    11.1%    6,716    343.7% 
Income tax provision (benefit)       0.0%    9    0.1%    (9)   -100.0% 
Net income (loss)   8,670    25.5%    1,945    11.0%    6,725    345.8% 
                               
Preferred distributions   (275)   -0.8%    (275)   -1.6%        0.0% 
Net income (loss) attributable to common  
 
 
$
 
8,395
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24.7%
 
 
 
 
 
$
 
1,670
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9.5%
 
 
 
 
 
$
 
6,725
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
402.7%
 
 

 

Wholesale trading revenue, net: Market conditions in the first half of 2014 were exceptionally favorable for us during the first quarter and adverse in the second. We successfully capitalized on the exceptional market volatility brought about by the “polar vortex”, which largely disappeared in the April to June period.

 

According to NOAA data, for the six months ended June 30, 2014, heating degree-days for the U.S. were 2,974 or 7% above the figure for the same period in 2013 of 2,767 and 12% above the 30 year normal of 2,664. Cooling degree-days during the six months ended June 30, 2014 totaled 418 compared to 402 in 2013 and a normal of 411, making the year the year to date about 1% cooler than last year and about 4% cooler than normal.

 

During the first six months of 2014, the Henry Hub natural gas spot price averaged $4.88/MCF, 30% above 2013’s $3.76 mark and 27% above the 5 year average price of $3.85. Supplies of gas during 2014 were adequate. Weekly storage levels averaged 1,470 BCF or 35% less than in 2013’s level of 2,253 and 35% lower than the 5 year average of 2,258.

52
 

 

   Six Months Ended June 30, 
               Increase (decrease) 
   Units   This year vs last year   This year vs LTA 
   2014   2013   LTA (1)   Units   Percent   Units   Percent 
U.S. Weather                                   
Heating degree-days   2,974    2,767    2,664    207    7%    310    12% 
Cooling degree-days   418    402    411    16    4%    7    2% 
Avg temperature (°F)   47.6°F     48.1°F     49.6°F     -0.5°F     -1%    -2.0°F     -4% 
                                    
Natural Gas                                   
Henry Hub spot price ($/MCF)   4.88    3.76    3.85    1.12    30%    1.03    27% 
Working gas in underground storage, Lower 48 states, EIA weekly estimates (BCF)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,470
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,253
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,258
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(782
 
 
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
-35%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(788
 
 
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
-35%
 
 
 

________

1 - "LTA" abbreviates long term average. For weather data, the 30 year period is 1984-2013 and for natural gas the 5 year period is 2009-2013.

 

The average for the PJM West Peak price during the six months ended June 30, 2014 was $76.28/MWh with a standard deviation of $73.43 resulting in a coefficient of variation of 96%, compared to $42.57/MWh, $8.32, and 20% for the same period in 2013. As shown by the table below, price levels and volatility were generally much higher in the 2014 period as compared to 2013.

 

   Six Months Ended June 30, 
           Increase (decrease) 
PJM West Hub Peak Day Ahead  2014   2013   Units   Percent 
                 
Price ($/MWh)                    
Average   76.28    42.57    33.72    79% 
Maximum   655.75    77.67    578.07    744% 
Minimum   37.15    29.70    7.45    25% 
Standard deviation   73.43    8.32    65.11    783% 
Coefficient of variation (stdev ÷ avg)   96%    20%    77%    393% 
                     
Daily percentage changes                    
Average   4.9%    0.7%    4.1%    550% 
Maximum   200.3%    41.0%    159.3%    388% 
Minimum   -78.1%    -46.6%    -31.6%    68% 
Standard deviation   34.7%    11.8%    22.8%    193% 
                     
Number of days                    
Up 10% or more   40    25    15    60% 
Between 10% up and 10% down   50    81    (31)   -38% 
Down 10% or more   37    21    16    76% 

 

Largely as a result of these factors, for the six months ended June 30, 2014, net trading revenue increased by $14,276,000 or 97.9% to $28,865,000 compared to $14,589,000 for the same period in 2013.

 

Retail electricity sales: During the six months ended June 30, 2014, we recognized retail sales revenue of $5,127,000 compared to $3,035,000 for 2013, up 68.9%, principally as a result of increases in the amount of energy used per customer, increased prices, an increased customer count, and a change in revenue estimate.

 

For the six month period ended June 30, 2014, in addition to the designated hedges described below in "costs of retail electricity sold" to which hedge accounting was applied, we also used certain derivative contracts to which hedge accounting was not applied as economic hedges to reduce our exposure to higher costs. Consequently, the gain on these contracts is reported as "wholesale trading revenue, net". For the six month period ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, we recorded wholesale trading revenues of $2,050,478 and $0, respectively, in our retail energy services segment.

 

53
 

 

The following table summarizes the key operating statistics of our retail business for the first half of 2014.

 

   For/At Six Months Ended June 30, 
           Increase (decrease) 
Key Operating Statistics  2014   2013   Units   Percent 
                 
Revenues ($000s)   5,127    3,035    2,092    68.9% 
Unit sales (MWh)   47,203    40,464    6,739    16.7% 
Average retail price (¢/kWh)   10.86    7.50    3.36    44.8% 
                     
Customers receiving service, EoP   9,805    9,281    524    5.6% 
New customer sign-ups, net of (drops)   1,328    5,446    (4,118)   -75.6% 
Avg daily sign-ups (drops)   7    30    (23)   -75.6% 

 

 

Real estate development, net: During the six months ended June 30, 2014, the Company recorded no revenue or income but capitalized a total of $56,505 of costs associated with its real estate development activities.

 

Costs of retail electricity sold: During the six months ended June 30, 2014, we fixed part of the cost of the energy sold to our customers using 9,283 MWh of forward physical purchases and 31,875 MWh of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges. For the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, our designated hedges had the effect of decreasing cost of retail electricity sold by $418,549 and $253,243, respectively.

 

Principally as a result of increases in the amount of energy used per customer, increased costs, and an increase customer count, for the six months ended June 30, 2014, our cost of retail electricity sold, net of gains on designated hedges, increased by $2,985,000 or 91.0% to $6,267,000 compared to $3,282,000 for the same period in 2013.

 

Compensation and benefits: For the six months ended June 30, 2014, salaries, wages, and related costs increased by $6,545,000 or 102.6% to $12,923,000 compared to $6,378,000 for the same period in 2013. Our personnel expense is directly related to the revenue we record, since our traders’ compensation is tied to revenue production.

 

Professional fees: For the six months ended June 30, 2014, professional fees decreased by $1,002,000 to $2,498,000 compared to $3,500,000 for the same period in 2013, primarily due to higher consulting fees incurred in the comparable 2013 period.

 

Other general and administrative: For the six months ended June 30, 2014, these costs increased by approximately $337,000 to $1,668,000 compared to $1,331,000 for 2013. The increase was primarily related to an increase in amortization expense by $129,000 to $289,000 from $160,000 due to the amortization of certain intangible assets acquired in connection with the DEG acquisition. In addition, DEG incurred an additional $50,000 of general and administrative expenses in the period that were not present in 2013. Finally, the Company donated $50,000 and $0 to charities during the periods ending June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and continues to incur marketing costs and administrative expenses associated with the Notes Offering.

 

Trading tools and subscriptions: For the first half ended June 30, 2014, trading tools and subscriptions expense increased by $143,000 or 29.4% to $629,000 compared to $486,000 for the same period in 2013, primarily due to the acquisition of DEG.

 

54
 

 

Other income (expense): Other expense, net of other income, increased by $491,000 to $1,184,000 for the first half of 2014 compared to $693,000 for the same period in 2013. As the principal component of other expense, interest expense increased by $273,000 to $982,000 for the year to date from $709,000 during 2013. The increase was attributed primarily to an increase in outstanding debt of $7,417,000 for the six month period ended June 30, 2014 compared to $2,060,000 for the six month period ended June 30, 2013.

 

Preferred distributions: During the six months ended June 30, of 2014 and 2013, we distributed $275,000 to preferred unit holders.

 

Liquidity, Capital Resources, and Cash Flow

 

In our wholesale trading business, we require a significant amount of cash to maintain collateral with the trading markets in which we operate, which in turn allows us to trade in those markets and generate revenues. With respect to our retail operation, in addition to collateral posted with ISOs that allow us to acquire power for our customers, we are also required to fund accounts receivable as well as margin requirements associated with hedges. We are generally required to pay for power every 4 days or so, while our average collection period on receivables is 40 to 45 days. As such, our capital is largely invested in trading accounts and deposits and receivables. Our capital expenditure requirements are nominal, being limited to computer and office equipment, software, and office furniture. Therefore, in any given reporting period, the amount of cash consumed or generated will primarily be due to changes in working capital.

 

Historically, our capital requirements have been funded by notes payable and operating profits and we are dependent on cash on hand, cash-flow positive operations, and additional financing to service our existing obligations. Should we incur significant losses from operations within a short period, we might be forced to cover such payments by reducing the balances in our trading accounts, which would have a detrimental effect on the Company.

 

We are taxed as a partnership for income tax purposes which means that we do not pay any income taxes. All of our income (or loss) for each year is allocated among holders of our common units who are then personally responsible for the tax liability associated with such income. Our Member Control Agreement provides for distributions of cash to these members based upon their respective ownership interests in the amount necessary to permit the member who is in the highest income tax bracket to pay all state and federal taxes on our net income allocated to such member.

 

The decision to make distributions other than tax distributions to holders of our common units and required distributions to holders of preferred units is at the discretion of our Board of Governors (the “Board”) and depends on various factors, including our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, outstanding indebtedness, investment opportunities, and other factors considered by the Board to be relevant. The indenture governing our Notes prohibits us from paying distributions to our members if there is an event of default with respect to the Notes or if payment of the distribution would result in an event of default. The indenture also prohibits our Board from declaring or paying any distributions other than tax distributions if, in the reasonable determination of the Board, the Company would have insufficient cash to meet anticipated Note redemption or repayment obligations.

 

While we believe we have sufficient cash on hand, coupled with anticipated cash generated from operating activities and the anticipated proceeds from our Notes Offering to meet our operating cash requirements for at least the balance of 2014, we regularly evaluate other potential sources of capital, which may include sourcing additional financing in the form of debt in order to provide added flexibility to support our working capital needs and reduce our overall costs of borrowing. In addition, the Company currently has sufficient liquidity for its operating requirements and expects to use a portion of its available cash to finance additional retail energy expansion and acquisitions, and may also examine a variety of potential investments for its excess cash, which could include equities, real estate, and debt instruments. There can be no assurance that these investments will prove to be profitable.

 

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The following table is presented as a measure of our liquidity and capital resources as of the dates indicated:

 

   At         
   June 30, 2014   December 31, 2013   Increase (decrease) 
Dollars in thousands  Dollars   Percent of total assets   Dollars   Percent of total assets   Dollars   Percent 
                         
Liquidity                              
Cash - unrestricted  $2,976    10.4%   $3,190    18.2%   $(214)   -6.7% 
Cash in trading accounts   17,540    61.1%    10,484    59.7%    7,056    67.3% 
Accounts receivable - trade   2,122    7.4%    1,315    7.5%    807    61.4% 
Total liquid assets   22,638    78.9%    14,989    85.4%    7,649    51.0% 
                               
Total assets  $28,688    100.0%   $17,562    100.0%   $11,126    63.4% 
                               
Capital Resources                              
Current  $7,152    24.9%   $5,123    29.2%   $2,029    39.6% 
Long term   6,545    22.8%    5,062    28.8%    1,483    29.3% 
Total debt   13,697    47.7%    10,185    58.0%    3,512    34.5% 
                               
Series A preferred   2,745    9.6%    2,745    15.6%        0.0% 
Common   7,359    25.7%    2,003    11.4%    5,356    267.4% 
Total equity   10,104    35.2%    4,748    27.0%    5,356    112.8% 
Total capitalization  $23,801    82.9%   $14,933    84.9%   $8,868    59.4% 

 

The table below summarizes our primary sources and uses of cash for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 as derived from the statements of cash flows included in this Form 10-Q.

 

   For the Six Months Ended June 30, 
           Increase (decrease) 
Dollars in thousands  2014   2013   Dollars   Percent 
                                 
Net cash provided by (used in):                                
Operating activities  $3,352   $3,926   $(574)   (14.6)% 
Investing activities   (3,722)   (182)   (3,540)   1945.1 % 
Financing activities   (63)   298    (361)   (121.1)% 
Net cash flow   (433)   4,042    (4,475)   (110.7)% 
                     
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash     218       (161 )     379       135.4 %  
                     
Cash - unrestricted:                    
Beginning of period   3,190    772    2,418    313.2 % 
End of period  $2,975   $4,652   $(1,678)   (36.0)% 

 

At June 30, 2014, our debt totaled $13,697,000 compared to $10,185,000 as of the prior year end. For the six months ended June 30, 2014, we generated $3,352,000 of cash from operating activities and used $3,722,000 for investments in property, equipment, furniture, land held for development, certain securities, and restricted cash. Financing activities required net cash of $63,000, including a net increase in debt of $3,284,000 and the payment of $3,348,000 in distributions. Of the total distribution amount, $275,000 was paid to the holder of our preferred units and $3,073,000 was paid to our common unit-holders.

 

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Financing

 

In February 2012, we executed a $25,000,000 Futures Risk-Based Margin Finance Agreement for the benefit of CEF (the “Margin Line” and the “Margin Agreement”, respectively) with ABN AMRO. The Margin Agreement provides an uncommitted revolving line of credit for which CEF pays a monthly commitment fee. Loans under the Margin Agreement are secured by all balances in CEF’s trading accounts with ABN AMRO, are payable on demand, and bear interest at an annual rate equal to 1.00% in excess of the Federal Funds Target Rate, or approximately 1.25%. Under the Margin Agreement, the Company is also subject to certain reporting, affirmative, and negative covenants, including maintenance of minimum account net liquidating equity, a maximum loan ratio as defined, and minimum consolidated tangible net worth as defined. The Margin Agreement was amended on May 31, 2013 to reduce the credit line to $15,000,000, the commitment fee to $25,000 per month, and the covenant with respect to net liquidating equity as defined to $1,500,000.

 

On May 10, 2012, our Form S-1 registration statement relating to our offer and sale of Renewable Unsecured Subordinated Notes (File No. 333-179460) was declared effective by the SEC, and our offering of notes commenced on May 15, 2012. The registration statement on Form S-1 covers up to $50,000,000 in principal amount of 3 and 6 month and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 year notes.

 

For the six month periods ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, we incurred $562,700 and $530,528, respectively, of offering-related expenses, including marketing and printing expense, legal and accounting fees, filing fees, and trustee fees. These costs and expenses are expensed as incurred. From the effective date of May 10, 2012 through August 13, 2014, we have sold a total of $15,307,818 in principal amount of Notes and repaid $1,361,281, for a net raise to date of $13,946,537, exclusive of offering costs as described above.

 

On May 12, 2014, the Company drew $700,000 under an evergreen, uncommitted line of credit from Royal Bank of Canada (the “RBC Line” and “RBC”, respectively). Advances under the RBC Line bear interest at a variable annual interest rate of 1 month LIBOR plus 2.25% set at the time of advance for a 30 day term, mature at various dates, and are collateralized by assets held in the Company’s marketable securities account. RBC is not obligated to make any extensions of credit to the Company and availability of funds may be increased or decreased by RBC in its sole and absolute discretion. Prepayment of any outstanding principal under the RBC Line may subject the Company to LIBOR break funding costs.

 

On June 16, 2014, the Company purchased a single family home in Garrison, Minnesota for use as a corporate retreat (the “Garrison Property”) for a purchase price of $285,000, paid with $57,000 of cash and the proceeds of a $228,000 note (the “Security State Mortgage”) advanced by the Security State Bank of Aitkin (“Security State”) and secured by a first mortgage. The loan is payable in 239 equal installments of $1,482.10 due on the 16th of each month beginning on July 16, 2014 and one irregular installment of $1,481.51 due on June 16, 2034 (the “maturity date”). The note bears interest at an annual rate equal to the prime rate as published from time to time by The Wall Street Journal plus 0.75%, subject to a floor of 4.75%. Whenever increases occur in the interest rate, Security State, at its option and with notice to the Company, may: (a) increase the Company’s payments to insure the loan will be paid off by the maturity date; (b) increase the Company’s payments to cover accruing interest; (c) increase the number of the Company’s payments; or (d) continue the payments at the same amount and increase the Company’s final payment. The loan may be prepaid in whole or in part at any time without penalty.

 

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Effective January 31, 2012, TCP sold certain financial rights, but not governance rights, to 496 new membership units, which we refer to as “redeemable preferred units”, to John Hanson for a purchase price of $2,745,000, paid by conversion of certain notes payable to him. Effective July 1, 2012, these preferred units were exchanged for preferred units with identical terms issued by TCPH. From the effective date to the redemption date, we paid Mr. Hanson and his designee a guaranteed distribution of $45,750 per month. Effective June 28, 2013, pursuant to a Membership Unit Purchase Agreement, Timothy Krieger, the CEO of the Company, purchased the 496 redeemable preferred units from Mr. Hanson. Concurrently with the purchase, Mr. Krieger and the Company exchanged the redeemable preferred units for an identical number of new Series A Preferred Units (the “Series A Preferred”) and the redeemable preferred units were cancelled. The Series A preferred is not redeemable, callable, or convertible, is non-voting with respect to elections to the Board, is senior to the Company’s common equity units with respect to rights in liquidation, and is entitled to distributions out of legally available funds in the amount of $92.25 per unit per month.

 

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

 

The Company’s communications may include certain non- GAAP financial measures. A “non-GAAP financial measure” is defined as a numerical measure of a company's financial performance, financial position, or cash flows that excludes, or includes, amounts that are included in, or excluded from, the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in the company's financial statements.

 

Non-GAAP financial measures utilized by the Company include presentations of liquidity measures and debt-to-equity ratios. The Company’s management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to investors and enable investors and analysts to more accurately compare the Company's ongoing financial performance over the periods presented.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

Revenue Recognition and Commodity Derivative Instruments

 

Revenues in our wholesale trading business are derived from trading financial, physical, and derivative energy contracts while those for our retail segment result from electricity sales to end-use consumers.

 

In our trading activities, contracts with the exchanges on which we trade permit net settlement, including the right to offset cash collateral in the settlement process. Accordingly, we net cash collateral against the derivative position in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. All realized and unrealized gains and losses on derivative instruments are recorded in revenues.

 

Revenue from the retail sale of electricity is recorded in the period in which customers consume the commodity, net of any applicable sales tax. In our retail business, we are exposed to volatility in the cost of energy acquired for sale to customers, and as a result, in October 2012, we began using derivatives to hedge or reduce this variability, since changes in the price of certain derivatives are expected to be highly effective at offsetting changes in this cost. In addition to cash flow hedges, in the first quarter of 2014 we also used certain other contracts to which hedge accounting was not applied to reduce our exposure to higher electricity costs. The gain on these economic hedges is reported as “wholesale trading revenue.”

 

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Revenues from real estate developments, if any, are recognized at the time of sale closing if all significant conditions are satisfied, including adequate down payment, reasonable assurance of collectability of any notes received, and completion of other contract requirements. Recognition of all or part of the revenue is deferred if any significant conditions are not satisfied. Costs that relate directly to development projects are capitalized and allocated using the specific identification method. Land acquisition, improvements, and holding costs, including real estate taxes and interest are capitalized while a development is in progress. Interest expense, if any, is capitalized based on specific identification of notes payable issued to finance specific assets under development. Once development on a project has been completed and sales have begun, remaining inventory is recorded at the lower of cost or market. Development costs are charged to cost of sales when the related revenue is recognized or when a development is abandoned.

 

Profits Interest Payments

 

Two of our second-tier subsidiaries (SUM and CEF) have Class B members. Under the terms of such subsidiaries’ member control agreements, Class B members have no voting rights, are not required to contribute capital, and have no rights to distributions following termination of employment, but are entitled to a defined share of profits while employed. Since Class B members have no corporate governance rights or risk of capital loss (or gain), they do not own non-controlling equity interests and profits interests payments are recorded as compensation expense during the period earned and are classified as accrued compensation on the balance sheet.

 

For the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, we recorded $236,777, $633,667, $5,423,412, and $2,108,072, respectively, in salaries and wages and related taxes, representing the allocation of profits to Class B members. The amount of accrued profits interests included in accrued compensation at June 30, 2014 and 2013 was $335,777 and $636,117, respectively.

 

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Item 3 - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 

We are exposed to market risk in our normal business activities. Market risk is the potential loss that may result from changes associated with an existing or forecasted financial or commodity transaction. The types of market risks we are exposed to are commodity price risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk, credit risk and currency exchange risk. In order to manage these risks we may use various fixed-price forward purchase and sales contracts, futures and option contracts, and swaps and options traded in the over-the-counter financial markets.

 

Commodity Price Risk

 

Commodity price risks result from exposures to changes in spot prices, forward prices, volatilities, and correlations between various commodities, such as natural gas, electricity, coal, oil, and emissions credits. We manage the commodity price risk of our retail load serving obligations by entering into various derivative or non-derivative instruments to hedge the variability in future cash flows from forecasted sales and purchases of electricity. These instruments include forwards, futures, swaps, and option contracts traded on various exchanges as well as over-the-counter markets. The portion of forecasted transactions hedged may vary based upon management's assessment of market, weather, operation and other factors.

 

In our wholesale trading businesses, we measure the risk of our portfolio using several analytical methods, including position limits, stop loss, value-at-risk (“VaR”), and stress testing. Each trading unit has a VaR limit. Our daily VaR model is based upon log-normal returns calculated from the last 30 business days of prices at the 95% confidence level, or 1.645 standard deviations, with a one day liquidity assumption. VaR is calculated daily, using positions and prices updated to the close of business on the previous day. The price history used is ideally that of the instrument held; however, in the cases where those prices are unavailable, benchmarking is used. Our VaR calculations always use the market value of the position, not its cost. In the case of a position where it is likely to take more than one day to close out, VaR is multiplied by the square root of the average days to liquidate the position in a stressed market.

 

The following table summarizes our VaR as of and for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013:

 

   At/For Three Months Ended June 30,   Increase (decrease) 
Dollars  2014   2013   Units   Percent 
                 
As of June 30  $400,895   $91,675   $309,220    337.3% 
                     
For the quarters ended June 30:                    
Average  $132,293   $175,266   $(42,974)   -24.5% 
Maximum   426,201    409,379    16,822    4.1% 
Minimum   7,453    12,927    (5,474)   -42.3% 
                     
Percent of cash in trading accounts                    
As of June 30   2.20%    0.72%    1.48%    205.2% 
                     
For the quarters ended June 30:                    
Average (1)   0.73%    1.38%    -0.65%    -47.3% 
Maximum (1)   2.34%    3.22%    -0.88%    -27.3% 
Minimum (1)   0.04%    0.10%    -0.06%    -59.8% 

 __________

1 - Dollar VaR divided by the average balance of cash in trading accounts for the period.

 

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The following table summarizes our VaR as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013:

 

   At/For Six Months Ended June 30,   Increase (decrease) 
   2014   2013   Units   Percent 
Dollars                
As of June 30  $400,895   $91,675   $309,220    337.3% 
                     
For the quarters ended June 30:                    
Average  $138,075   $148,503   $(10,428)   -7.0% 
Maximum   426,201    409,379    16,822    4.1% 
Minimum   7,453    12,927    (5,474)   -42.3% 
                     
Percent of cash in trading accounts                    
As of June 30   2.86%    0.72%    2.14%    297.4% 
                     
For the quarters ended June 30:                    
Average (1)   0.99%    1.17%    -0.18%    -15.5% 
Maximum (1)   3.04%    3.22%    -0.17%    -5.4% 
Minimum (1)   0.05%    0.10%    -0.05%    -47.6% 

__________

1 - Dollar VaR divided by the average balance of cash in trading accounts for the period.

 

Due to the inherent limitations of statistical measures such as VaR, the evolving nature of the competitive markets for electricity and related derivatives, and the seasonality of changes in market prices, the VaR calculation may not capture the full extent of commodity price exposure. As a result, actual changes in the fair value of mark-to-market derivative instruments assets and liabilities could differ from the calculated VaR, and such changes could have a material impact on our financial results.

 

The value of the derivative financial instruments we hold for trading purposes and as cash flow hedges is significantly influenced by forward commodity prices. Periodic changes in forward prices could cause significant changes in the marked-to-market valuation (“MTM valuation”) of these contracts. For example, assuming that all other variables remain constant:

 

  Average percentage change in mark-to-market valuation of derivatives   Dollar change in mark-to-market valuation of derivatives
Percentage change in forward price from June 30, 2014 Held for trading Held as economic hedges Designated as cash flow hedges   Held for trading Held as economic hedges Designated as cash flow hedges
10% 163.8% 1682.6% 298.7%   814,676 368,121 341,098
5% 81.9% 841.3% 149.3%   407,338 184,061 170,549
1% 16.4% 168.3% 29.9%   81,468 36,812 34,110
-1% -16.4% -168.3% -29.9%   (81,468) (36,812) (34,110)
-5% -81.9% -841.3% -149.3%   (407,338) (184,061) (170,549)
-10% -163.8% -1682.6% -298.7%   (814,676) (368,121) (341,098)

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

Although we currently have no variable rate debt, in the future we may be exposed to fluctuations in interest rates through the issuance of such obligations. Exposures to interest rate fluctuations may be mitigated by entering into derivative instruments known as interest rate swaps, caps, collars, and put or call options. These contracts reduce exposure to interest rate volatility and result in primarily fixed rate debt obligations when taking into account the combination of the variable rate debt and the interest rate derivative instrument.

 

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Liquidity Risk

 

Liquidity risk arises from our general funding needs and the management of our assets and liabilities. We are exposed to additional collateral posting or margin requirements with the ISOs and exchanges if price volatility or levels increase. Based on a sensitivity analysis for positions under marginable contracts, a 20% increase in electricity prices would cause an increase in margin collateral posted of approximately $3,024,000 as of June 30, 2014. This analysis uses simplified assumptions and is calculated based on portfolio composition and margin-related contract provisions as of June 30, 2014.

 

Wholesale Counterparty Credit Risk

 

Credit risk relates to the risk of loss resulting from non-performance or non-payment by counterparties pursuant to the terms of their contractual obligations. We monitor and manage credit risk through the credit policies described in the “Business – Wholesale Trading – Credit Risk Management” section of our 2013 Form 10-K. Given the credit quality, diversification, and term of the exposure in the portfolio, we do not anticipate a material impact on financial position or results of operations from nonperformance by any counterparty.

 

Retail Customer Credit Risk

 

Although we are currently not exposed to retail customer credit risk due to our participation in POR programs, we expect that this situation will change as we grow our retail business. Furthermore, economic and market conditions may affect our customers' willingness and ability to pay their bills in a timely manner, which could lead to an increase in bad debt expense above and beyond the allowance for uncollectible accounts charged to us by utilities. In general, we intend to manage retail credit risk as described the “Business – Retail Energy Services – Credit Risk Management” section of 2013 Form 10-K.

 

Foreign Exchange Risk

 

A portion of our assets and liabilities are denominated in Canadian dollars and are therefore subject to fluctuations in exchange rates, however, we do not have any exposure to any highly inflationary foreign currencies. We believe our foreign currency exposure is limited.

 

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Item 4 - Controls and Procedures

 

The Company maintains a system of disclosure controls and procedures that is designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

 

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Company conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e). Based on this evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of June 30, 2014, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2014 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

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Part II – Other Information

 

Item 1 - Legal Proceedings

 

See “Note 15 - Commitments and Contingencies” on page 29 of this Form 10-Q for a discussion of certain legal proceedings.

 

Item 1A - Risk Factors

 

No material changes from prior disclosure.

 

Item 2 - Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

None

 

Item 3 - Defaults Upon Senior Securities

 

None

 

Item 4 - Mine Safety Disclosures

 

None

 

Item 5 - Other Information

 

None

 

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Item 6 - Exhibits

 

Exhibit Number   Description
31.1   Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
31.1   Certification of Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
32.1   Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS*   XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*   XBRL Schema Document
101.CAL*   XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*   XBRL Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*   XBRL Labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE*   XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document

___________

*Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the Interactive Data Files on Exhibit 101 hereto are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Section 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and are otherwise not subject to liability under those sections.

 

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Signatures

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereto duly authorized.

 

      TWIN CITIES POWER HOLDINGS, LLC  
         
      /s/ Timothy S. Krieger  
Dated: August 13, 2014   By: Timothy S. Krieger  
      Chief Executive Officer, President and Chairman of the Board (principal executive officer)  
         
         
      /s/ Wiley H. Sharp III  
Dated: August 13, 2014   By: Wiley H. Sharp III  
      Vice President – Finance and Chief Financial Officer (principal accounting and financial officer)  

 

 

 

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