UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): December 16, 2013

C&J ENERGY SERVICES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (713) 260-9900

Not Applicable.

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

Item 5.02 Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.

Effective as of December 16, 2013, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of C&J Energy Services, Inc. (“C&J” or the “Company”) approved the adoption of the C&J International Middle East FZCO Phantom Equity Arrangement (the “Arrangement”), which is intended to be a sub-plan of the C&J Energy Services, Inc. 2012 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). In connection with the adoption of the Arrangement, the Company executed a first amendment to the Plan. The Arrangement will provide employees with the opportunity to receive phantom equity interests based on the units of C&J International Middle East FZCO, a subsidiary of the Company (the “Subsidiary”). To date, the Company has not granted any phantom equity interests under the Plan to employees.

Eligible employees to receive grants under the Arrangement include all employees of the Company, the Subsidiary or any of their respective subsidiaries.

The Company expects that all phantom units granted under the Arrangement will be granted in a form similar to the Form of Participation Agreement and will be subject to a time-based vesting schedule that will vest the phantom units on the first to occur of the following: (i) the five year anniversary of the date of grant of the phantom units, or (ii) a change in control of the Company or the Subsidiary. The Company will also have the authority to subject the phantom units to performance-based vesting conditions, at its discretion, which will be designed in compliance with the requirements of a Performance Unit (and thus a Performance Award) under the Plan.

The foregoing description of the Arrangement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Arrangement and the Form of Participation Agreement, which are filed as Exhibits 10.1 and 10.2, respectively, to this Current Report and each of which is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits

(d) Exhibits

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

EXHIBIT INDEX