TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL - FORM 10-Q - November 19, 2012

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
 
[X]  QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2012

OR
[   ]  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from ___ to ___

Commission File Number 1-14523

TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)

California
  
95-2086631
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
  
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
     
16139 Wyandotte Street
    
Van Nuys, California
  
91406
(Address of principal executive offices)
  
(Zip Code)

           Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code:  818-787-7000

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X]   No [   ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [X]   No [   ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
 
 Large Accelerated Filer
[   ]
  
  Accelerated Filer
[  ]
         
 Non-Accelerated Filer 
[   ]
  
 Smaller Reporting Company 
[X]
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [   ]   No [X]

As of November 06, 2012, there were 3,321,555 shares of the issuer’s Common Stock, no par value, outstanding.

 
 
 

TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL
INDEX TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION, OTHER INFORMATION AND SIGNATURE

   
Page
  
Part I.
Financial Information
    
       
  Item 1.
Financial Statements
    
  
(a) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2012 (Unaudited) and June 30, 2012
 2  
 
(b) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the Three Months  Ended September 30, 2012 (Unaudited) and September 30, 2011 (Unaudited)
 3  
 
(c) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders Equity for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2012 (Unaudited) and the year ended June  30, 2012
 4  
 
(d) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2012 (Unaudited) and September 30, 2011 (Unaudited)
 5  
 
(e) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
 6  
  Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 17  
  Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
 27  
  Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
 27  
       
Part II.
Other Information
    
       
  Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
 28  
  Item 1A.
Risk Factors
 28  
  Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 28  
  Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 28  
  Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosures
 28  
  Item 5.
Other Information
 28  
  Item 6.
Exhibits
 28  
       
Signatures
    
 
 FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The discussions of Trio-Tech International’s (the “Company”) business and activities set forth in this Form 10-Q and in other past and future reports and announcements by the Company may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and assumptions regarding future activities and results of operations of the Company.  In light of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, the following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company: market acceptance of Company products and services; changing business conditions or technologies and volatility in the semiconductor industry, which could affect demand for the Company’s products and services; the impact of competition; problems with technology; product development schedules; delivery schedules; changes in military or commercial testing specifications which could affect the market for the Company’s products and services; difficulties in profitably integrating acquired businesses, if any, into the Company; risks associated with conducting business internationally and especially in Southeast Asia, including currency fluctuations and devaluation, currency restrictions, local laws and restrictions and possible social, political and economic instability; changes in U.S. and global financial and equity markets, including market disruptions and significant interest rate fluctuations; and other economic, financial and regulatory factors beyond the Company’s control. Other than statements of historical fact, all statements made in this Quarterly Report are forward-looking, including, but not limited to, statements regarding industry prospects, future results of operations or financial position, and statements of our intent, belief and current expectations about our strategic direction, prospective and future financial results and condition. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the use of terminology such as “may,” “will,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “potential,” “believes,” “can impact,” “continue,” or the negative thereof or other comparable terminology.  Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that are inherently difficult to predict, which could cause actual outcomes and results to differ materially from our expectations, forecasts and assumptions.

Unless otherwise required by law, we undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events, changed circumstances, or the occurrence of unanticipated events. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.
 
PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT NUMBER OF SHARES)

   
September 30,
2012
    
June 30,
2012
  
ASSETS
  
(Unaudited)
        
CURRENT ASSETS:
            
Cash & cash equivalents
$
2,088
  
$
1,572
  
Short-term deposits
  
253
    
250
  
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $114 and $122
  
11,036
    
11,311
  
Other receivables
  
720
    
962
  
Loan receivables from property development projects
  
1,112
    
1,101
  
Inventories, net of provision for obsolete inventory of $898 and $884
  
1,817
    
2,324
  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
  
480
    
406
  
Asset held for sale
  
135
    
130
  
         Total current assets
  
17,641
    
18,056
  
             
INVESTMENTS
  
773
    
765
  
INVESTMENT PROPERTY IN CHINA, Net
  
1,807
    
1,815
  
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, Net
  
13,690
    
13,193
  
OTHER ASSETS
  
                  832
    
776
  
RESTRICTED TERM DEPOSITS
  
3,527
    
3,445
  
TOTAL ASSETS
$
38,270
  
$
38,050
  
             
LIABILITIES
            
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
            
Lines of credit
$
4,887
  
$
3,605
  
Accounts payable
  
3,658
    
4,834
  
Accrued expenses
  
2,886
    
3,011
  
Income taxes payable
  
468
    
469
  
Current portion of bank loans payable
  
784
    
766
  
Current portion of capital leases
  
176
    
175
  
         Total current liabilities
  
12,859
    
12,860
  
             
BANK LOANS PAYABLE, net of current portion
  
3,269
    
3,373
  
CAPITAL LEASES, net of current portion
  
192
    
221
  
DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES
  
363
    
497
  
OTHER NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
  
545
    
543
  
TOTAL LIABILITIES
$
17,228
  
 $
17,494
  
             
COMMITMENT AND CONTINGENCIES
  
-
    
  -
  
             
EQUITY
            
TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL’S SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:
            
Common stock, no par value, 15,000,000 shares authorized; 3,321,555 shares issued and outstanding as at September 30, 2012 and June 30, 2012, respectively
$
10,531
  
$
10,531
  
Paid-in capital
  
2,442
    
2,431
  
Accumulated retained earnings
  
2,670
    
2,687
  
Accumulated other comprehensive gain-translation adjustments
  
3,620
    
3,187
  
         Total Trio-Tech International shareholders' equity
  
19,263
    
18,836
  
NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST
  
1,779
    
1,720
  
         TOTAL EQUITY
$
21,042
  
$
20,556
  
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
$
38,270
  
$
38,050
  
 
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
UNAUDITED (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT EARNINGS PER SHARE)
   
Three Months Ended
  
   
Sept. 30,
    
Sept. 30,
  
   
2012
    
2011
  
Revenue
            
  Products
  
$
5,636
    
$
3,116
  
  Testing Services
    
3,909
      
3,291
  
  Fabrication Services
    
172
      
2,345
  
  Others
    
30
      
47
  
     
9,747
      
8,799
  
Cost of Sales
                
   Cost of products sold
    
5,026
      
2,607
  
   Cost of testing services rendered
    
2,677
      
2,634
  
   Cost of fabrication services rendered
    
247
      
2,132
  
   Others
    
33
      
26
  
     
7,983
      
7,399
  
                 
Gross Margin
    
1,764
      
1,400
  
                 
Operating Expenses:
                
  General and administrative
    
1,824
      
2,098
  
  Selling
    
132
      
144
  
  Research and development
    
73
      
75
  
  (Gain) / Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    
(3
)
    
4
 
           Total operating expenses
    
2,026
      
2,321
  
                 
Loss from Operations
    
(262
)
    
(921
)
                 
Other (Expenses) / Income
                
  Interest expenses
    
(85
)
    
(61
)
  Other income, net
    
182
      
44
  
  Total other (expenses) / income
    
97
      
(17
)
                 
Loss from Continuing Operations  before Income Taxes
    
(165
)
    
(938
)
                 
Income Tax Benefits  /  (Expenses)
    
124
      
(37
)
                 
Loss from continuing operations before non-controlling interest, net of tax
    
(41
)
    
(975
)
                 
Other Operating Activities
                
Equity in losses of unconsolidated joint venture, net of tax
    
-
      
(11
)
                 
Discontinued Operations (Note 16)
                
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
    
-
      
(1
)
NET LOSS
    
(41
)
    
(987
)
                 
Less: net loss attributable to the non-controlling interest
    
(24
)
    
(183
)
Net Loss Attributable to Trio-Tech International Common Shareholders
  
$
(17
)
  
$
(804
)
                 
Amounts Attributable to Trio-Tech International Common Shareholders:
                
Loss from continuing operations, net of tax
    
(17
)
    
(803
)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
    
-
      
(1
)
Net Loss Attributable to Trio-Tech International Common Shareholders
  
$
(17
)
  
$
(804
)
                 
Comprehensive Loss Attributable to Trio-Tech International Common Shareholders: 
                
                 
Net loss
    
(41
)
    
(987
)
Foreign currency translation, net of tax
    
555
      
(534
)
Comprehensive Income / (Loss)
    
514
      
(1,521
)
Less: Comprehensive income / (loss) attributable to the non-controlling interest
    
98
      
(218
)
Comprehensive Income / (Loss) Attributable to Trio-Tech International Common Shareholders
  
$
416
    
$
(1,303
)
Basic Loss per Share:
                
Basic and diluted loss per share from continuing operations attributable to Trio-Tech International
  
$
(0.01
)
  
$
(0.24
)
Basic and diluted loss per share from discontinued operations attributable to Trio-Tech International
  
$
(0.00
)
  
$
(0.00
)
Basic and diluted loss per share from net loss attributable to Trio-Tech International
  
$
(0.01
)
  
$
(0.24
)
                 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
                
Basic
    
3,288
      
3,288
  
Dilutive effect of stock options
                
Number of shares used to compute earnings per share - diluted
    
3,288
      
3,288
  
 
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
UNAUDITED (IN THOUSANDS)
 
   
Common
Stock
    
Additional Paid-in
    
Accumulated Retained
    
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
    
Non- Controlling
        
   
Shares
    
Amount
    
Capital
    
Earnings
    
Income
    
Interest
    
Total
  
           
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Balance at June 30, 2011
    
3,322
     $
10,531
     $
2,227
     $
5,791
     $
3,459
     $
2,969
     $
24,977
  
Stock option expenses   
       -         -      
204
         -         -         -      
204
  
Net loss
       -        -         -      
(3,104
)
       -      
(1,271
)
    
(4,375
)
Translation adjustment
       -         -         -         -      
(272
)
    
22
      
(250
)
                                                         
Balance at June 30, 2012
    
3,322
      
10,531
      
2,431
      
2,687
      
3,187
      
1,720
      
20,556
  
Stock option expenses
       -         -      
11
         -         -         -      
11
  
Net (loss) / income
       -         -         -      
(17
)
       -      
(24
)
    
(41
)
Dividend declared by subsidiary
   -         -         -         -      
-
      
(39
 )    
(39
 )
Translation adjustment   -         -         -         -        433        122        555  
                                                         
Balance at Sept. 30, 2012
    
3,322
      
10,531
      
2,442
      
2,670
      
3,620
      
1,779
      
21,042
  

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS  (IN THOUSANDS)
 
   
Three Months Ended
  
   
Sept 30,
  
Sept 30,
  
   
2012
  
2011
  
   
(Unaudited)
  
(Unaudited)
  
Cash Flow from Operating Activities
          
Net loss
  
$
(41
) 
$
(987
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash flow used in operating activities
              
Depreciation and amortization
    
625
    
686
  
Bad debt recovery, net
    
(11
)
  
(22
) 
Inventory provision
    
-
    
5
  
Warranty expense, net
    
3
    
12
  
Accrued interest expense, net of interest income
    
49
    
54
  
(Gain) / Loss on sale of property-continued operations
    
(3
)
  
4
  
Stock compensation
    
11
    
42
  
Deferred tax provision
    
(150
)
  
(18
)
Loss in equity of unconsolidated joint venture
    
-
    
11
  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisition effects
              
   Accounts receivables, net
    
414
    
(237
)
   Other receivables
    
264
    
(1,099
)
   Other assets
    
(39
)
  
(308
) 
   Inventories
    
573
    
15
  
   Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    
(63
)
  
(28
) 
   Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
    
(1,513
)
  
1,369
  
   Income tax payable
    
13
    
3
  
   Other non-current liabilities
    
(267
)
  
-
  
Net Cash Used In Operating Activities
    
(135
)
  
(498
)
               
Cash Flow from Investing Activities
              
               
Proceeds from maturing of unrestricted and restricted term deposits, net
    
56
    
3
  
Additions to property, plant and equipment
    
(673
)
  
(463
)
Proceeds from disposal of plant, property and equipment
    
3
    
-
  
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
    
(614
)
  
(460
)
               
Cash Flow from Financing Activities
              
Borrowing  on lines of credit, net
    
1,387
    
617
  
Repayment of bank loans and capital leases
    
(24
)
  
(115
)
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
    
1,363
    
502
 
               
Effect of Changes in Exchange Rate
    
(98
) 
  
124
  
               
NET INCREASE / (DECREASE) IN CASH
    
516
 
  
(332
) 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD
    
1,572
    
3,111
  
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD
  
$
2,088
  
$
2,779
  
               
Supplementary Information of Cash Flows
              
Cash paid during the period for:
              
Interest
  
$
75
  
$
55
  
Income taxes
  
$
(35
)
$
32
  
 
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT EARNINGS PER SHARE AND NUMBER OF SHARES)

1.  ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Trio-Tech International (“the Company” or “TTI” hereafter) was incorporated in fiscal 1958 under the laws of the State of California.  TTI provides third-party semiconductor testing and burn-in services primarily through its laboratories in Southeast Asia. In addition, TTI operates testing facilities in the United States.  The Company also designs, develops, manufactures and markets a broad range of equipment and systems used in the manufacturing and testing of semiconductor devices and electronic components. TTI conducts business in five business segments: Manufacturing, Testing Services, Fabrication Services, Distribution and Real Estate. TTI has subsidiaries in the U.S.A., Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, China and Indonesia as follows:
 
 
Ownership
  
Location
       
Express Test Corporation (Dormant)
100%
  
Van Nuys, California
Trio-Tech Reliability Services (Dormant)
100%
  
Van Nuys, California
KTS Incorporated, dba Universal Systems (Dormant)
100%
  
Van Nuys, California
European Electronic Test Centre (Dormant)
100%
  
Dublin, Ireland
Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd.
100%
  
Singapore
Universal (Far East) Pte. Ltd.  *
100%
  
Singapore
Trio-Tech International (Thailand) Co. Ltd.*
100%
  
Bangkok, Thailand
Trio-Tech (Bangkok) Co. Ltd.
100%
  
Bangkok, Thailand
(49% owned by Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. and 51% owned by
Trio-Tech International (Thailand) Co. Ltd.)
      
Trio-Tech (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.
(55% owned by Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd.)
55%
  
Penang and Selangor, Malaysia
Trio-Tech (Kuala Lumpur) Sdn. Bhd.
55%
  
Selangor, Malaysia
(100% owned by Trio-Tech Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.)
      
Prestal Enterprise Sdn. Bhd.
76%
  
Selangor, Malaysia
(76% owned by Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd.)
      
Trio-Tech (Suzhou) Co. Ltd. *
100%
  
Suzhou, China
Trio-Tech (Shanghai) Co. Ltd. * (Dormant)
100%
  
Shanghai, China
Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co. Ltd. *
100%
  
Chongqing, China
SHI International Pte. Ltd.
(55% owned by Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd)
55%
  
Singapore
PT SHI Indonesia
(100% owned by SHI International Pte. Ltd.)
55%
  
Batam, Indonesia
Trio-Tech (Tianjin) Co. Ltd. *
100%
  
Tianjin, China
 
* 100% owned by Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X.  All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The un-audited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars.  The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements.  In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for fair presentation have been included.  Operating results for the three months ended September 30, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2013.  For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company's annual report for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012.
 
2.  NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
New pronouncements issued but not yet effective until after September 30, 2012 are not expected to have a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.
 
3.  INVENTORIES
 
Inventories consisted of the following:
 
 
Sept. 30,
      
 
2012
  
 
  
 
(Unaudited)
  
June 30, 2012
  
Raw materials
$
1,118
    
$
1,261
  
Work in progress
  
1,285
      
1,870
  
Finished goods
  
220
      
175
  
Less: provision for obsolete inventory
  
(898
)
    
(884
)
Currency translation effect
  
92
 
    
(98
 ) 
 
$
1,817
 
  
$
2,324
  
 
The following table represents the changes in provision for obsolete inventory:
 
   
Sept. 30,
        
   
2012
    
 
  
   
(Unaudited)
    
June 30, 2012
  
Beginning
  
$
884
    
$
937
  
Additions charged to expenses
    
-
      
31
  
Usage - disposition
    
(3
)
    
(59
)
Currency translation effect
    
17
      
(25
) 
Ending
  
$
898
 
  
$
884
  

4.  STOCK OPTIONS

On September 24, 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors unanimously adopted the 2007 Employee Stock Option Plan (the “2007 Employee Plan”) and the 2007 Directors Equity Incentive Plan (the “2007 Directors Plan”) each of which was approved by the shareholders on December 3, 2007. Each of those plans was amended by the Board in 2010 to increase the number of shares covered thereby, which amendments were approved by the shareholders on December 14, 2010. At present, the 2007 Employee Plan provides for awards of up to 600,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock to employees, consultants and advisors and the 2007 Directors Plan provides for awards of up to 400,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock to the members of the Board of Directors in the form of non-qualified options and restricted stock. These two plans are administered by the Board, which also establishes the terms of the awards.

Assumptions

No options were granted during the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, however the Company calculates the fair value for option awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.

2007 Employee Stock Option Plan

The Company’s 2007 Employee Plan permits the grant of stock options to its employees covering up to an aggregate of 600,000 shares of Common Stock. Under the 2007 Employee Plan, all options must be granted with an exercise price of not less than fair value as of the grant date and the options granted must be exercisable within a maximum of ten years after the date of grant, or such lesser period of time as is set forth in the stock option agreements. The options may be exercisable (a) immediately as of the effective date of the stock option agreement granting the option, or (b) in accordance with a schedule related to the date of the grant of the option, the date of first employment, or such other date as may be set by the Compensation Committee. Generally, options granted under the 2007 Employee Plan are exercisable within five years after the date of grant, and vest over the period as follows: 25% vesting on the grant date and the remaining balance vesting in equal installments on the next three succeeding anniversaries of the grant date. The share-based compensation will be recognized in terms of the grade method on a straight-line basis for each separately vesting portion of the award. Certain option awards provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control (as defined in the 2007 Employee Plan).

The Company did not grant any options pursuant to the 2007 Employee Plan during the three months ended September 30, 2012. The Company recognized stock-based compensation expenses of $11 in the three months ended September 30, 2012 under the 2007 Employee Plan. The balance of unamortized stock-based compensation of $27 based on fair value on the grant date related to options granted under the 2007 Employee Plan is expected to be recognized over a period of two years.


The Company did not grant any options pursuant to the 2007 Employee Plan during the three months ended September 30, 2011. The Company recognized stock-based compensation expenses of $42 in the three months ended September 30, 2011 under the 2007 Employee Plan. The balance of unamortized stock-based compensation of $127 based on fair value on the grant date related to options granted under the 2007 Employee Plan is expected to be recognized over a period of two years.

As of September 30, 2012, there were vested employee stock options covering a total of 267,750 shares of Common Stock. The weighted-average exercise price was $3.77 and the weighted average contractual term was 1.86 years. The total fair value of vested and outstanding employee stock options as of June 30, 2012 was $645.

As of September 30, 2011, there were vested employee stock options covering a total of 169,875 shares of Common Stock. The weighted-average exercise price was $4.65 and the weighted average remaining contractual term was 2.28 years. The total fair value of vested employee stock options as of September 30, 2011 was $103.

A summary of option activities under the 2007 Employee Plan during the three month period ended September 30, 2012 is presented as follows:
 
   
Options
    
Weighted  Average
Exercise
Price
    
Weighted Average Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
    
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
  
Outstanding at July 1, 2012
    
313,000
    
$
3.85
      
2.31
    
$
-
  
Granted
    
-
    
 
-
      
-
      
-
  
Exercised
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Forfeited or expired
    
(3,000)
 
    
(4.76)
 
    
2.88
      
-
  
Outstanding at September 30, 2012
    
310,000
    
$
3.85
      
2.05
    
$
-
  
Exercisable at September 30, 2012
    
267,750
    
$
3.77
      
1.86
    
$
-
  

A summary of the status of the Company’s non-vested employee stock options during the three months ended September 30, 2012 is presented below:
 
         
Weighted Average Grant-Date
  
   
Options
    
Fair Value
  
Non-vested at July 1, 2012
    
43,250
    
$
3.29
  
Granted
    
-
      
-
  
Vested
    
-
      
-
  
Forfeited
    
(1,000
)
    
3.16
  
Non-vested at September 30, 2012
    
42,250
    
$
3.29
  

2007 Directors Equity Incentive Plan

The 2007 Directors Plan permits the grant of options covering up to an aggregate of 400,000 shares of Common Stock to its non-employee directors in the form of non-qualified options and restricted stock. The exercise price of the non-qualified options is 100% of the fair value of the underlying shares on the grant date. The options have five-year contractual terms and are generally exercisable immediately as of the grant date.

During the first quarter of each of fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011, the Company did not grant any options pursuant to the 2007 Directors Plan.

There were no options exercised under the 2007 Directors Equity Incentive Plan during either the first quarter of fiscal 2013 or fiscal 2012. The Company did not recognize any stock-based compensation expenses in the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, under the 2007 Directors Plan.

As of September 30, 2012, there were vested director stock options covering a total of 385,000 shares of Common Stock. The weighted-average exercise price was $4.52 and the weighted average remaining contractual term was 2.20 years. The total fair value of vested directors' stock options as of September 30, 2012 was $1,031. All of our director stock options vest immediately at the date of grant. There were no unvested director stock options as of September 30, 2012.

As of September 30, 2011, there were vested director stock options covering a total of 335,000 shares of Common Stock. The weighted-average exercise price was $4.86 and the weighted average remaining contractual term was 2.90 years. The total fair value of vested director’s stock options as of September 30, 2011 was $976. All of our director stock options vest immediately at the date of grant. There were no unvested director stock options as of September 30, 2011.


The total intrinsic value of vested and outstanding directors’ stock options as of September 30, 2012 was zero. A summary of option activities under the 2007 Directors Plan during the three months ended September 30, 2012 is presented as follows:

   
Options
    
Weighted Average
Exercise
Price
    
Weighted Average Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
    
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
  
                         
Outstanding at July 1, 2012
    
385,000
    
$
4.52
      
2.45
    
$
-
  
Granted
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Exercised
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Forfeited or expired
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Outstanding at September 30, 2012
    
385,000
    
$
4.52
      
2.20
    
$
-
  
Exercisable at September 30, 2012
    
385,000
    
$
4.52
      
2.20
    
$
-
  

5.  EARNINGS PER SHARE

The Company adopted ASC Topic 215, Statement of Shareholders Equity. Basic EPS are computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding (denominator) during the period. Diluted EPS give effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during a period. In computing diluted EPS, the average price for the period is used in determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options and warrants.

Stock options to purchase 695,000 shares of Common Stock at exercise prices ranging from $1.72 to $9.57 per share were outstanding as of September 30, 2012 and were excluded in the computation of diluted EPS because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

Stock options to purchase 626,875 shares of Common Stock at exercise prices ranging from $1.72 to $9.57 per share as of September 30, 2011 were excluded in the computation of diluted EPS because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

The following table is a reconciliation of the weighted average shares used in the computation of basic and diluted EPS for the periods presented herein:

   
Three Months Ended
  
   
September 30,
    
September 30,
  
   
2012
    
2011
  
   
(Unaudited)
    
(Unaudited)
  
             
Loss attributable to Trio-Tech International common shareholders from continuing operations, net of tax
  
$
(17
)
  
$
(803
)
Loss attributable to Trio-Tech International common shareholders from discontinued operations, net of tax
    
-
      
(1
)
Net loss attributable to Trio-Tech International common shareholders
  
$
(17
)
  
$
(804
)
                 
Basic and diluted loss per share from continuing operations attributable to Trio-Tech International
    
(0.01
)
    
(0.24
)
                 
Basic and diluted loss per share from discontinued operations attributable to Trio-Tech International
    
-
      
-
  
Basic and diluted loss per share from net loss attributable to Trio-Tech International
  
$
(0.01
)
  
$
(0.24
)
                 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic
    
3,288
      
3,288
  
                 
Dilutive effect of stock options
    
-
      
-
  
Number of shares used to compute earnings per share - diluted
    
3,288
      
3,288
  
 
6.  ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS

Accounts receivable consists of customer obligations due under normal trade terms. Although management generally does not require collateral, letters of credit may be required from the customers in certain circumstances. Management periodically performs credit evaluations of the customers’ financial conditions.

Senior management reviews accounts receivable on a monthly basis to determine if any receivables will potentially be uncollectible. Management includes any accounts receivable balances that are determined to be uncollectible in the allowance for doubtful accounts.  After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is written off against the allowance.  Based on the information available to us, management believed the allowance for doubtful accounts as of September 30, 2012 and June 30, 2012 was adequate.  

The following table represents the changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts:
 
   
Sept. 30,
2012
(Unaudited)
      
June 30, 2012
  
Beginning balance
$
122
    
$
69
  
Additions charged to expenses
  
45
      
113
  
Recovered / write-off
  
(56
)
 
  
(59
)
Currency translation effect
  
3
      
(1
) 
Ending balance
$
114
    
$
122
  

7.  WARRANTY ACCRUAL

The Company provides for the estimated costs that may be incurred under its warranty program at the time the sale is recorded.  The Company provides warranty for products manufactured in the term of one year.  The Company estimates the warranty costs based on the historical rates of warranty returns.  The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the amounts as necessary.

   
Sept. 30,
2012
(Unaudited)
      
June 30, 2012
  
Beginning balance
$
60
    
$
29
  
Additions charged to cost and expenses
  
3
      
32
  
Recovered
  
-
      
-
  
Actual usage
  
-
      
-
  
Currency translation effect
  
2
      
(1
) 
Ending balance
$
65
    
$29
60
  

8.  INCOME TAX

The Company had no material adjustments to its liabilities for unrecognized income tax benefits according to the provisions of ASC Topic 740 Income Taxes. The income tax benefit was $124 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the income tax expenses of $37 for the three months ended September 30, 2011.

The Company accrues penalties and interest related to unrecognized tax benefits when necessary as a component of penalties and interest expenses, respectively.  The Company had not accrued any penalties or interest expenses relating to unrecognized benefits at September 30, 2012 and June 30, 2012.

The major tax jurisdictions in which the Company files income tax returns are the United States, Singapore and Malaysia.  The statute of limitations, in general, is open for years 2004 to 2012 for tax authorities in those jurisdictions to audit or examine income tax returns.  The Company is under annual review by the government of Singapore.  However, the Company is not currently under tax examination in any other jurisdiction.
 
9.  INVESTMENT PROPERTY IN CHINA

The following table presents the Company’s investment in the property in China as of September 30, 2012. The exchange rate is based on the exchange rate as of September 30, 2012 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

  Investment Date  
Investment Amount
(RMB)
    
Investment Amount
(U.S. Dollars)
  
Purchase of rental property – Property I - MaoYe
01/04/2008
    
5,554
      
882
  
Purchase of rental property – Property II - JiangHuai
01/06/2010
    
3,600
      
572
  
Purchase of rental property – Property III - Fu Li
01/04/2012
    
4,025
      
640
  
Gross investment in rental property
      
13,179
      
2,094
  
                   
Accumulated depreciation on rental property
09/30/2012
    
(1,808
)
    
(287)
  
Net investment in property – China
      
11,371
      
1,807
  

Rental Property I – Mao Ye

In fiscal 2008, TTCQ entered into a Memorandum Agreement with MaoYe Property Ltd. to purchase an office space in Chongqing, China, for a total cash purchase price of RMB 5,554. The Company rented this property to a third party on July 13, 2008. The term of the rental agreement was five years with a monthly rental income of RMB 39, or approximately $6, for the first three years, and in the fourth year with an increase of 8% in July 2011, a monthly rental income of RMB 41, or approximately $7, and another increase of 8% in July 2012.
  
Property purchased from Mao Ye generated a rental income of RMB 134, or approximately $21 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and RMB 124, or approximately $19 for the same period in the last fiscal year.
 
Rental Property II - JiangHuai

In fiscal 2010, the Company entered in to a Memorandum Agreement with Chongqing JiangHuai Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. to purchase eight units of commercial property in Chongqing, China for a total purchase price of RMB 3,600. TTCQ renewed its rental agreement for this property on January 8, 2011 and the rental agreement provided for a one-year renewable term with an annual rental income of RMB 720, or approximately $112.

The lease rental agreement of the property purchased from JiangHuai expired in January 2012 and did not generate a rental income for the three months ended September 30, 2012.  However it generated a rental income of RMB 180 or approximately $28 for the same period in the last fiscal year. The asset was reviewed for impairment and based on the market value of the property as compared to the carrying value, it was concluded that there was no requirement to impair the property.

Other Properties III – FuLi
 
In fiscal 2010, TTCQ entered into a Memorandum Agreement with Chongqing Fu Li Real Estate Development Co. Ltd. (“FuLi Real Estate”) to purchase two commercial properties totaling 311.99 square meters (“office space”) located in Jiang Bei District Chongqing. The total purchase price committed and paid was RMB 4,025, or approximately $633.  The construction has been completed, the property was handed over during April 2012 and the documentation of the change of title is in process.
 
Property purchased from FuLi Real Estate was rented to a third party effective from fourth quarter of fiscal 2012 and generated a rental income in the first quarter of fiscal 2013 of RMB57, or approximately $9, for the three months ended September 30, there was no such rental income for the same period of fiscal 2012.
 
Summary

Total rental income for both the investment properties (Property I and Property III) in China was $30 and $47 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Depreciation expenses for the investment properties in China were $26 and $18 for the three months ended September 30, 2012, and 2011, respectively.


10.  LOAN RECEIVABLE FROM PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS

The following table presents the Company’s loan receivable from property development projects in China as of September 30, 2012. The exchange rate is based on the date published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore as on September 30, 2012.

     
Loan Amount
    
Loan Amount
  
  Loan Date  
(RMB)
    
(U.S. Dollars)
  
Investment in JiaSheng (Project B-48 Phase 2)
11/1/2011
    
5,000
      
794
  
Investment in JiangHuai (Project - Yu Jin Jiang An )
11/1/2011
    
 2,000
      
318
  
Net loan receivable from property development projects
      
7,000
      
1,112
  
 
On November 1, 2010, TTCQ entered into a new Memorandum Agreement with JiaSheng Property Development Co. Ltd.(“JiaSheng”) to invest in their property development projects (Project B-48 Phase 2) located in Chongqing City, China. Due to the short-term nature of the investment, the amount was classified as a loan based on ASC Topic 310-10-25 Receivables, amounting to RMB 5,000, equivalent to approximately $94 based on the exchange rate as of September 30, 2012. The agreement guaranteed the Company an income of RMB 1,250, or approximately $196, payable in four installments of RMB 313, or approximately $49. The amount is unsecured and repayable at the end of the term. The loan was renewed in November 2011 for a period of one year, which expires on October 31, 2012. The renewed agreement guaranteed the Company an income of RMB 1,250, or approximately $196, payable in four installments of RMB 313, or approximately $49. The book value of the loan receivable approximates its fair value. TTCQ recorded other income of RMB 313, or approximately $49, from JiaSheng for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and for the three months ended September 30, 2011. The agreement expired on October 31, 2012 and the renewal of the agreement is in process as at the date of this report.
 
On November 1, 2010, TTCQ entered into a new Memorandum Agreement with JiangHuai to invest in their property development projects (Project - Yu Jin Jiang An) located in Chongqing City, China. Due to the short-term nature of the investment, the amount was classified as a loan based on ASC Topic 310-10-25 Receivables, amounting to RMB 2,000, equivalent to approximately $318. The agreement guaranteed the Company an income of RMB 400, or approximately $63 payable in 12 installments of RMB 33, or approximately $5.  The amount is secured by the underlying property and repayable at the end of the term. The loan was renewed on November 1, 2011, and expires on November 30, 2012. The renewed agreement guaranteed the Company an income of RMB 433, or approximately $68, payable in 13 installments.  The book value of the loan receivable approximates its fair value. TTCQ recorded other income of RMB 100 or approximately $16, from JiangHuai for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and September 31, 2011.
 
11.  BUSINESS SEGMENTS
 
The Company operates in five segments; the testing service industry (which performs structural and electronic tests of semiconductor devices), the designing and manufacturing of equipment (which equipment tests the structural integrity of integrated circuits and other products), distribution of various products from other manufacturers in Singapore and Southeast Asia, the fabrication segment (which provides fabrication services in Indonesia for the oil and gas industry) and the real estate segment  in China.
 
The revenue allocated to individual countries was based on where the customers were located. The allocation of the cost of equipment, the current year investment in new equipment and depreciation expense have been made on the basis of the primary purpose for which the equipment was acquired.
 
All inter-segment revenue was revenue from the manufacturing segment to the testing and distribution segments. Total inter-segment revenue was $308 for the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to $217 for the same period in the last fiscal year.  Corporate assets mainly consisted of cash and prepaid expenses. Corporate expenses mainly consisted of stock option expenses, salaries, insurance, professional expenses and directors' fees. Corporate expenses are allocated to the five segments. The following segment information table includes segment operating (loss) / income after including the corporate expenses allocated to the segments, which get eliminated in the consolidation.

The following segment information is unaudited for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:
 
Business Segment Information:

  Three Months Ended        
Operating
          
Depr.
        
   
Net
    
(Loss)
    
Total
    
and
    
Capital
  
 
Sept. 30,
  
Revenue
    
Income
    
Assets
    
Amort.
    
Expenditures
  
Manufacturing
2012
  
$
5,292
    
$
(240
)
  
$
11,871
    
$
46
    
$
6
  
 
2011
    
2,798
      
(315
)
    
8,004
      
57
      
4
  
                                           
Testing
2012
    
3,909
      
104
      
21,165
      
551
      
667
  
Services
2011
    
3,291
      
(342
)
    
20,718
      
562
      
453
  
                                           
Distribution
2012
    
344
      
46
      
321
      
1
      
-
  
 
2011
    
318
      
21
      
282
      
1
      
-
  
                                           
Real Estate
2012
    
30
      
(64
)
    
4,055
      
27
      
-
  
 
2011
    
47
      
(6
)
    
4,735
      
19
      
-
  
                                           
Fabrication 
2012
    
172
      
(176
)
    
804
      
-
      
-
  
Services
2011
    
2,345
      
(187
)
    
2,596
      
47
      
6
  
                                           
Corporate &
2012
    
-
      
68
      
54
      
-
      
-
  
Unallocated
2011
    
-
      
(92
)
    
86
      
-
      
-
  
                                           
Total Company
2012
  
$
9,747
    
$
(262
)
  
$
38,270
    
$
625
    
$
673
  
 
2011
  
$
8,799
    
$
(921
)
  
$
36,421
    
$
686
    
$
463
  

12.  NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST

In accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 810 Consolidation, the Company has classified the non-controlling interest as a component of stockholders’ equity in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, the Company has presented the net income attributable to the Company and the non-controlling ownership interests separately in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.

Non-controlling interest represents the minority stockholders’ share of 45% of the equity of Trio-Tech Malaysia Sdn. Bhd., 45% interest in SHI International Pte. Ltd., and 24% interest in Prestal Enterprise Sdn. Bhd., which are subsidiaries of the Company.

The table below reflects a reconciliation of the equity attributable to non-controlling interest:

Non-controlling interest  
Sept., 30, 2012
(Unaudited)
     June 30, 2012  
Beginning balance
  
$
1,720
    
$
2,969
 
Net loss
    
(24
)
    
(1,271
)
Translation adjustment
    
122
      
(22
)
Dividend declared by subsidiary     (39 )     -  
Ending balance
  
$
1,779
    
$
1,720
 

13.  FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

ASC Topic 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures provides enhanced guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities.  Under the standard, fair value refers to the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between participants in the market in which the reporting entity transacts its business.  ASC Topic 820 clarifies the principle that fair value should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.  In support of this principle, ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions.  Under the standard, fair value measurements would be separately disclosed by level within the fair value hierarchy.  


The following table provides a summary of the assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2012:

         
Basis of Fair Value Measurements
  
   
As of
Sept.30, 2012 (Unaudited)
    
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
Level 1
    
Significant Other Observable Inputs
Level 2
    
Significant Unobservable Inputs
Level 3
  
Assets
                        
Short-term deposits
  
$
253
    
$
253
    
$
-
    
$
-
  
Restricted term deposits
  
$
3,526
    
$
3,526
    
$
-
    
$
-
  
Total assets measured at fair value
  
$
38,270
    
$
38,270
    
$
-
    
$
-
  
                                 
Percentage of total assets
    
9.9
%
    
9.9
%
    
-
      
-
  
 
In accordance with ASC Topic 820, the Company measures its short-term deposits and restricted short-term deposits at fair value, and they are classified within Level 1. Since the Company’s term deposits are fixed rate deposits, there is an active, readily tradable market value based on quoted prices. The Company based its estimates on such prices (Level 1 pricing) as of September 30, 2012. Active markets are those in which transactions occur in significant frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an on-going basis. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, the valuation of these term deposits does not entail a significant degree of judgment.

14.  BANK LOANS PAYABLE
 
Bank loans payable consisted of the following:
 
   
Sept. 30, 2012
(Unaudited)
    
 
June 30, 2012
  
Note payable denominated in Malaysian ringgit to a commercial bank for infrastructure investment, maturing in August 2024, bearing interest at the bank’s prime rate (effective interest approximately 5.10% at September 30, 2012) per annum, with monthly payments of principal plus interest of $23 through August 2024, collateralized by the acquired building with net book value of RM 12,370 or approximately $4,033.
    
2,699
      
2,629
  
                 
Note payable denominated in U.S. dollars to a financial institution for working capital plans in Singapore and its subsidiaries, maturing in December 2014, bearing interest at the bank’s cost of fund plus 1.50% (effective interest approximately 5.02% at September, 2012) with monthly payments of principal plus interest of $58 through December 2014. This note payable is secured by plant and equipment with the net book value of Singapore dollar $1,013 or approximately $827. 
    
1,354
      
1,510
  
                 
      Current portion
    
(784
)
    
(766
)
      Long term portion of bank loans payable
  
$
3,269
    
$
3,373
  

Future minimum payments (excluding interest) as at September 30, 2012 were as follows:

2013
  
$
784
  
2014
    
792
  
2015
    
237
  
2016
    
169
  
2017
    
178
  
Thereafter
    
1,893
  
Total obligations and commitments
  
$
4,053
  
 

15.  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
 
Trio-Tech (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. continued its expansion plans to meet the demands of a major customer in Malaysia, as the existing facility is inadequate to meet the demands of that customer.  The Malaysia operations has capital commitments for the purchase of equipment and other related infrastructure costs amounting to RM 203, or approximately $66, based on the exchange rate as of September 30, 2012 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

Trio-Tech (Tianjin) Co. Ltd. in China has capital commitments for the purchase of equipment and other related infrastructure costs amounting to RMB 1,098, or approximately $175 based on the exchange rate as of September 30, 2012 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.
 
16.  DISCONTINUED OPERATION AND CORRESPONDING RESTRUCTURING PLAN

The Company’s Shanghai subsidiary, as a component of the testing segment, suffered continued operating losses for three consecutive fiscal years and the cash flow was minimal for three consecutive years.  In January 2010, the Company established a restructuring plan to close the testing operation in Shanghai, China.  Based on the restructuring plan and in accordance with ASC Topic 205-20, Presentation of Financial Statement Discontinued Operations, the Company presented the operation results from Shanghai as a discontinued operation, as the Company believed that no continued cash flow would be generated by the disposed component (Shanghai subsidiary) and that the Company would have no significant continuing involvement in the operation of the discontinued component In accordance with the restructuring plan, before moving out of the Company will be required to pay the outstanding balance of accounts payable of RMB 233, or approximately $37 and to collect the accounts receivable of RMB 5, or approximately $1, based on the exchange rate as on September 30, 2012 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.
 
The Company’s Shanghai subsidiary did not incur general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2012, however the general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was $1, for winding down the operation in Shanghai. The Shanghai operations anticipate that it may incur additional costs and expenses in winding down the business of the subsidiary through which the China facility was operated.

Under the provisions of ASC Topic 830, Foreign Currency Matters, translation adjustments that result when a foreign entity’s financial statements are translated into a parent company’s or an investor’s reporting currency are separately reported in the parent company’s other comprehensive income.  Foreign currency translation adjustments that are accumulated in other comprehensive income are reclassified to income only when they are realized, if the investment in the foreign entity is sold or is substantially or completely liquidated.  The foreign currency translation adjustments on the balance sheet of the Shanghai, China subsidiary as of September 30, 2012 were insignificant.

Loss from discontinued operations was as follows:

   
Three Months Ended
  
   
Sept. 30,
    
Sept. 30,
  
   
2012
    
2011
  
   
Unaudited
    
Unaudited
  
             
REVENUE
  
$
-
    
$
-
  
COST OF SALES
    
-
      
-
  
                 
GROSS LOSS
    
-
      
-
  
                 
OPERATING EXPENSES
                
  General and administrative
    
-
      
1
  
      Total
     -      
1
  
                 
LOSS FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATION
    
-
      
(1
)
                 
OTHER EXPENSES
    
-
      
-
  
                 
LOSS FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
  
$
-
    
$
(1
)

The Company does not provide a separate cash flow statement for the discontinued operation, as the impact of this discontinued operation was immaterial.
 
17.  INVESTMENT
 
During the second quarter of fiscal 2011, the Company entered into a joint-venture agreement with JiaSheng Property Development Co. Ltd. (“JiaSheng”) to develop real estate projects in China. The Company invested RMB 10,000, or  approximately $1,589, for a 10% interest in the newly formed joint venture, which was incorporated as a limited liability company, Chong Qing Jun Zhou Zhi Ye Co. Ltd. (the “joint venture”), in China. The agreement stipulated that the Company would nominate two of the five members of the Board of Directors of the joint venture and would have the ability to assign two members of management to the joint venture.  The agreement also stipulated that the Company would receive a fee of RMB 10,000, or approximately $1,589, for the services rendered in connection with obtaining priority to bid in certain real estate projects from the local government. Upon signing of the agreement, JiaSheng paid the Company RMB 5,000, or approximately $ 794 in cash. The remaining RMB 5,000 or approximately $794 will be paid over 72 months commencing in 36 months from the date of the agreement when the joint venture secures a property development project stated inside the joint venture agreement. The Company considered the RMB 5,000, or approximately $794, received in cash from JiaSheng, the controlling venturer in the joint venture, as a partial return of the Company’s initial investment of RMB 10,000, or approximately $1,589. Therefore, the RMB 5,000, or approximately $794, received in cash was offset against the initial investment of RMB 10,000 or approximately $1,589. The Company further reduced its investments by RMB 137, or approximately $22, towards the losses incurred by the joint venture.  resulting in a net investment of RMB 5,000, or approximately $773, based on exchange rate as of September 30, 2012 published by Monetary Authority of Singapore, as of September 30, 2012.  The Company considers that the collectability of the remaining RMB 5,000 or approximately $773, based on exchange rate as of September 30, 2012 published by Monetary Authority of Singapore,  is uncertain due to the extended terms of the payment, and therefore has not recorded this amount as receivable as of September 30, 2012.

In the first quarter of fiscal 2012, due to the resignation of two directors representing TTI on the board of the joint venture, the Company concluded that it could no longer exert a significant influence over the joint venture’s operating and financial activities. Therefore, the Company began accounting for this investment using the cost method effective September 29, 2011. An impairment review was made during the quarter ended September 30, 2012 since the carrying value of this investment at September 30, 2012 was $773, which approximates the Company’s pro rata share in the joint venture’s underlying value, no impairment was made.
 
In accordance with ASC Topic 323 Investments – Other, Cost Method Investments, ‘‘Investment in unconsolidated joint venture’’ as shown on the Company’s Balance Sheet consists of the cost of an investment in Chong Qing Jun Zhou Zhi Ye Co. Ltd., in which the Company has a 10.00% interest. Prior to the first quarter of fiscal 2012, the Company’s ownership in this China affiliate was recorded on the equity basis.
 
In accordance with ASC Topic 810-10-50, Disclosure for Variable Interest Entities, the Company analyzed its investments in the joint ventures to determine if the joint venture is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) and will require consolidation. The Company (a) evaluates the sufficiency of the total equity at risk, (b) reviews the voting rights and decision-making authority of the equity investment holders as a group, and whether there are any guaranteed returns, protection against losses, or capping of residual returns within the group, and (c) establishes whether activities within the venture are on behalf of an investor with disproportionately few voting rights in making this VIE determination. The Company would consolidate a venture that is determined to be a VIE if it was the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is determined, a primarily qualitative approach whereby the variable interest holder, if any, has the power to direct the VIE’s most significant activities and is the primary beneficiary. The Company has determined that the investment is a VIE, however the Company is not the primary beneficiary.  Therefore, the Company does not consolidate the joint venture and it is accounted for using the cost method, since there is no significant influence.

18.  LINE OF CREDIT

The Company’s credit rating provides it with readily and adequate access to funds in global markets. As of September 30, 2012, the Company has certain lines of credit that were collateralized by restricted deposits.

Entity with
  
Type of
  
Interest
  
Expiration
  
Credit
  
Unused
  
Facility
  
Facility
  
Rate
  
Date
  
Limitation
  
Credit
  
Trio-Tech Singapore
  
 
Line of Credit
  
With interest rates ranging from 1.77% to 6.04%
     -   $ 7,753   $ 3,766  

19.  BANK COVENANT VIOLATION
 
In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2012, the Company’s Singapore subsidiary provided for the doubtful debts on the loan granted to one of the subsidiaries, resulting in a decrease in the net worth by an amount of approximately $1.25 million lower than the loan covenant of Singapore dollars 12 million or approximately $9.79 million, required by the financial institution. Hence, the Company did not satisfy the loan covenant. The bank has the option to recall the loan; however, management is in discussion with the financial institution for a waiver. A waiver has not been obtained as at the date of this report. The loan was already recorded as a current liability, as it matures within 12 months.
 
20.  ASSET HELD FOR SALE

During the third quarter of fiscal 2011, Trio-Tech (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. (“TTM”), a 55% owned subsidiary of the Registrant, planned to sell its factory building in Penang, Malaysia, which was being used as its testing facility before it moved its entire operations to Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. The Malaysia operation ceased the depreciation of that property in accordance with ASC Topic 360 Property, Plant and Equipment.

The asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such assets.

Accordingly, the Company believes that the assets held for sale should be classified as current assets and that the fair value of this property, less cost to sell, is higher than its book value.  The asset held for sale was recorded at a net book value of $135 in accordance with ASC Topic 360 Property, Plant and Equipment, as compared to the net book value of $130 as at June 30, 2012.
 
21.  SUBSEQUENT EVENT

On October 2, 2012, management tendered the notice of termination of the lease rental of the fabrication yard in Batam, Indonesia. Based on the termination letter, the yard has to be vacated and handed over to the landlord by December 31, 2012.

 
TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES  
ITEM 2.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)

Overview

The following should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes in Item I above and with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes, the information under the headings “Risk Factors” and “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations” in the our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012.

Trio-Tech International (“TTI”) was incorporated in 1958 under the laws of the State of California.  As used herein, the term “Trio-Tech” or “Company” or “we” or “us” or “Registrant” includes Trio-Tech International and its subsidiaries unless the context otherwise indicates. Our mailing address and executive offices are located at 16139 Wyandotte Street, Van Nuys, California 91406, and our telephone number is (818) 787-7000.

The Company is a provider of environmental and reliability test equipment and services to the semiconductor industry. Our customers rely on us to verify that their semiconductor components meet or exceed the rigorous reliability standards demanded for aerospace, communications and other electronics products.
 
TTI generates more than 98% of its revenue from its three core business segments in the test and measurement industry, i.e. manufacturing of test equipment, testing services and distribution of test equipment. In 2007, we added a real estate revenue segment and in 2009, a fabrication segment when we ventured into providing fabrication service for oil and gas equipment industry. Our fabrication segment suffered continued operating losses since it commenced operation in fiscal year 2009. The scale of this operation is not adequate to cover its fixed costs which mainly consist of yard rental cost and direct labor cost. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2013, management determined to terminate the lease of its fabrication yard in Batam, Indonesia and, pursuant to the terms of the lease, gave the landlord notice of termination. Management intends to outsource fabrication project to a service providers who have the facilities to undertake such fabrication projects.
 
 
Manufacturing

TTI develops and manufactures an extensive range of test equipment used in the "front end" and the "back end" manufacturing processes of semiconductors. Our equipment includes leak detectors, autoclaves, centrifuges, burn-in systems and boards, HAST testers, temperature controlled chucks, wet benches and more.

Testing

TTI provides comprehensive electrical, environmental, and burn-in testing services to semiconductor manufacturers in our testing laboratories in Southeast Asia and the United States. Our customers include both manufacturers and end-users of semiconductor and electronic components who look to us when they do not want to establish their own facilities. The independent tests are performed to industry and customer specific standards.
 
Distribution

In addition to our own products and services, TTI also provides an extensive range of complementary environmental and reliability test equipment from reputable manufacturers through our distribution operations. Such equipment includes temperature cycling and shock test chambers, reflow ovens, mechanical shock testers, drop testers and more.


Real Estate

In 2007, TTI invested in real property in Chongqing, China, which generated investment income from real estate development projects and rental income from properties.

Fabrication

To mitigate concentration risks arising from industry concentration and customer concentration in our core businesses, TTI invested in a business that provides product and services to the oil and gas industry. This business operated from a yard facility in Indonesia and fabricated the steel structures, pipe spools, skid equipment packages and modules, heat transfer and process equipment. However, because the expected revenue and volume were not achieved, management decided to terminate the lease of the yard and outsource fabrication projects to a service provider who has the facilities to undertake such projects. Management intends to continue this segment of business and expects to achieve benefits to this segment through operating with lower fixed costs.
 
Subsequent Event
 
On October 2, 2012, management tendered the notice of termination of the lease rental of the fabrication yard in Batam, Indonesia. Based on the termination letter, the yard has to be vacated and handed over to the landlord by December 31, 2012.
 
First Quarter Fiscal 2013 Highlights

·  
Manufacturing segment revenue increased by $2,494, or 89.1%, to $5,292 for the first quarter of fiscal 2013, compared to $2,798 for the same period in fiscal 2012.
·  
Testing segment revenue increased by $618, or 18.8%, to $3,909 for the first quarter of fiscal 2013, compared to $3,291 for the same period in fiscal 2012.
·  
Distribution segment revenue increased by $26, or 8.2%, to $344 for the first quarter of fiscal 2013, compared to $318 for the same period in fiscal 2012.
·  
Real estate segment revenue decreased by $17, or 36.2%, to $30 for the first quarter of fiscal 2013, compared to $47 for the same period in fiscal 2012.
·  
Fabrication Services segment revenue decreased by $2,173, or 92.7%, to $172 for the first quarter of fiscal 2013, compared to $2,345 for the same period in fiscal 2012.
·  
The overall gross profit margins increased by 2.2% to 18.1% for the first quarter of fiscal 2013, from 15.9% for the same period in fiscal 2012.
·  
Loss from operations decreased by $659, or 71.6% to $262 for the first quarter of fiscal 2013, compared to $921 for the same period in fiscal 2012.
·  
General and administrative expenses decreased by $274 or 13.1% to $1,824 for the first quarter of fiscal 2013, from $2,098 for the same period in fiscal 2012.
·  
Selling expenses decreased by $12 or 8.3% to $132 for the first quarter of fiscal 2013, from $144 for the same period in fiscal 2012.
·  
Net loss for the first quarter of 2013 was $17 as compared to $804 for the same period in fiscal 2012.

Results of Operations and Business Outlook

The following table sets forth our revenue components for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
 
Revenue Components

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
     
2012
      
2011
  
Revenue:
                
Manufacturing
    
5,292
      
2,798
  
Testing Services
    
3,909
      
3,291
  
Distribution
    
344
      
318
  
Real Estate
    
30
      
47
  
Fabrication Services
    
172
      
2,345
  
                 
Total
    
9,747
      
8,799
  
 
Revenue Components

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
     
2012
      
2011
  
Revenue:
                
Manufacturing
    
54.3
%
    
31.8
%
Testing Services
    
40.1
      
37.4
  
Distribution
    
3.5
      
3.6
  
Real Estate
    
0.3
      
0.5
  
Fabrication Services
    
1.8
      
26.7
  
                 
Total
    
100.0
%
    
100.0
%
 
Revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was $9,747, an increase of $948, when compared to the revenue for the same period of prior fiscal year. As a percentage, revenue increased by 10.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2012, when compared to total revenue for the same period of prior year.
 
Revenue into and within China, the Southeast Asia regions and other countries (except revenue into and within the United States) increased by $769, or 9.2%, to $9,161, for the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared with $8,392 for the same period of last fiscal year.  
 
The increase in revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was primarily due to an increase in revenue in the manufacturing and distribution segments in our Singapore operation, and in the testing segment in our Malaysia and China operation but partially offset by a decrease in revenue in the testing segment in our Singapore operation, fabrication segment in the Indonesia operation, and the real estate segment in our China operation.

Revenue into and within the United States was $586 for the three months ended September 30, 2012, an increase of $179, or 44.0%, from $407 for the same period of the prior fiscal year. The increase in revenue into and with United States for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was mainly due to an increase in market demand for our products in the U.S. market as compared to the same period in fiscal 2012.

Revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012 can be discussed within the five segments as follows:

Manufacturing Segment

Revenue in the manufacturing segment as a percentage of total revenue was 54.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2012,  an increase of 22.5%, compared to 31.8% of total revenue for the same period of the last fiscal year.  The absolute amount of revenue increased by $2,494 to $5,292 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 compared to $2,798 when compared to the same period of the last fiscal year. 

The increase in revenue generated by the manufacturing segment for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was primarily due to an increase in orders from our major customer. The revenue in the manufacturing segment from this major customer accounted for 39.1% of our total revenue in the manufacturing segment for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to 45.9% for the same period in the last fiscal year.  The increase in revenue during this period from this customer was primarily due to an increase in their capital spending compared to the same period of last fiscal year.

The future revenue in our manufacturing segment will be significantly affected by the purchase and capital expenditure plans of this major customer if the customer base cannot be increased.

Testing Services Segment

Revenue in the testing segment as a percentage of total revenue was 40.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2012, an increase of 2.7% compared to 37.4% of total revenue for the same period of the last fiscal year. The absolute amount of revenue increased by $618 to $3,909 for the three months ended September 30, 2012, when compared to the same period of the last fiscal year. 

The increase in revenue generated by the testing segment for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was primarily due to an increase in testing volume in our Malaysia and China operations, but partially offset by a decrease in testing volume in our Singapore operation. The increase in testing volume in our Malaysia and China operations were mainly due to an increase in orders by one of our major customers in our Malaysia and Tianjin operations and an increase in customer base in our Suzhou operation. Demand for testing services varies from country to country depending on changes taking place in the market and our customers’ forecasts.  As it is difficult to accurately forecast fluctuations in the market, management believes it is necessary to maintain testing facilities in close proximity to our customers in order to make it convenient for them to send us their newly manufactured parts for testing and to enable us to maintain a share of the market.

Distribution Segment

Revenue in the distribution segment accounted for 3.5% of total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012, a slight decrease of 0.1%, compared to 3.6% of total revenue for the same period of the last fiscal year. The absolute amount of revenue increased by $26 to $344 for the three months ended September 30, 2012, from $318 for the same period of the last fiscal year. 

 
Real Estate Segment

The real estate segment accounted for 0.3% of total net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012, a decrease of 0.2% when compared to the same period of the last fiscal year. The absolute amount of net revenue in the real estate segment decreased by $17 to $30 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 from $47 for the same period of the last fiscal year. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in our investment income and rental income in the real estate segment for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as described below.

The two main revenue components for the real estate segment were investment income and rental income.

No investment income was recorded as revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.  Income of $65 for each of the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 from certain of our property development investments was reclassified to loan receivables commencing in the third quarter of fiscal 2011 in accordance with ASC Topic 310-10-25 Receivables. Such income is included in “Other Income”.

Rental income for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was RMB 191 or approximately $30, based on the average exchange rate for the period of three months ended September 30, 2012, published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore, a decrease of $17 when compared to RMB 304 or approximately $47, for the same period in the last fiscal year. The decrease was primarily because one of the rental contracts reached maturity in January 2012, resulting in less rental income for the third quarter of fiscal 2012. A negotiation for the new rental contract is in process as at the date of this report.

“Investment in unconsolidated joint venture” as shown in the balance sheet consists of the cost of an investment in a joint venture, in which we have a 10.0% interest. Prior to the first quarter of fiscal 2012, the investment in this China affiliate was recorded on the equity basis. In the first quarter of fiscal 2012, we concluded that we could no longer exert significant influence on the operating and financial activities of the joint venture. Therefore, we began accounting for this investment using cost method effective September 29, 2011. The carrying value of this investment at September 30, 2012 was $773, which approximates our pro rata share of the underlying value of the joint venture. Based on ASC Topic 323 – Investment – Other, Cost Method Investments, the existing cost, after evaluating for impairment, the carrying value of the investment has been considered to be the cost of investment. The Company disposed of its option to purchase 15% of the investment from this joint venture during September 2011 for RMB 500 or approximately $79.

Fabrication Services Segment

As a percentage of total revenue, the revenue generated by the fabrication services segment accounted for 1.8% of total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to 26.7% of total revenue for the same period of last fiscal year.  The absolute amount of revenue was $172 for the three months ended September 30, 2012, a decrease of $2,173, when compared to $2,345 for the same period of last fiscal year. The decrease in revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012 generated by the segment was due to the completion of the two major projects which were being carried out in fiscal 2012 and the completion of smaller projects in the first quarter of fiscal 2013.

Uncertainties and Remedies

There are several influencing factors which create uncertainties when forecasting performance, such as the ever-changing nature of technology, specific requirements from the customer, and decline in demand for certain types of burn-in devices or equipment, decline in demand for testing services and fabrication services, and other similar factors.  One factor that influences uncertainty is the highly competitive nature of the semiconductor industry.   Another is that some customers are unable to provide a forecast of the products required in the upcoming weeks; hence it is difficult to plan for the resources needed to meet these customers’ requirements due to short lead time and last minute order confirmation. This will normally result in a lower margin for these products, as it is more expensive to purchase materials in a short time frame.  However, the Company has taken certain actions and formulated certain plans to deal with and to help mitigate these unpredictable factors.  For example, in order to meet manufacturing customers’ demands upon short notice, the Company maintains higher inventories, but continues to work closely with its customers to avoid stock piling.  We have also been improving customer service from staff by keeping our staff up to date on the newest technology and stressing the importance of understanding and meeting the stringent requirements of our customers.  Finally, the Company is exploring new markets and products, looking for new customers, and upgrading and improving burn-in technology while at the same time searching for improved testing methods of higher technology chips.

There are several influencing factors which create uncertainties when forecasting performance of our real estate segment, such as obtaining the rights by the joint venture to develop the real estate projects in China, inflation in China, currency fluctuations and devaluation, changes in Chinese laws, regulations, or their interpretation.
 

Comparison of the First Quarter Ended September 30, 2012 (“Q1 2013”) and September 30, 2011 (“Q1 2012”)

The following table sets forth certain consolidated statements of income data as a percentage of revenue for the first quarter of fiscal 2013 and 2012, respectively:

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
   
2012
    
2011
  
Revenue
    
100.0
%
    
100.0
%
Cost of sales
    
81.9
      
84.1
  
Gross Margin
    
18.1
%
    
15.9
%
Operating expenses :
                
General and administrative
    
18.7
%
    
23.8
%
Selling
    
1.4
      
1.6
  
Research and development
    
0.7
      
0.9
  
Gain on disposal of PP&E
    
0.0
      
0.1
  
Total operating expenses
    
20.8
%
    
26.4
%
Loss from Operations
    
(2.7
)%
    
(10.5
)%
 
Overall Gross Margin
 
Overall gross margin as a percentage of revenue increased by 2.2% to 18.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2012, from 15.9% in the same period of the last fiscal year, primarily due to an increase in the gross profit margin in the testing and distribution segments. That increase was partially offset by a decrease in gross profit margin in the manufacturing, real estate and fabrication segments.

Gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the manufacturing segment decreased by 6.3% to 10.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2012, from 16.6% in the same period of the last fiscal year. The decrease of gross profit margin was primarily due to the change in product mix and the higher material cost. The increase in revenues in Singapore operation was primarily due to increase in orders from one major customer as discussed above. In absolute dollar amounts, gross profits in the manufacturing segment increased by $78 to $543 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 from $465 for the same period of the last fiscal year.

Gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the testing segment increased by 11.5% to 31.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2012, from 20.0% in the same period of the last fiscal year. The increase in gross profit margin was primarily due to an increase in testing volume  in the first quarter fiscal 2013 as compared to the same period of the last fiscal year. The fixed costs are spread over the increased output, causing the increase gross profit margin.. In absolute dollar amounts, gross profit in the testing segment increased by $ 575 to $1,232 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 from $ 657 for the same period of the last fiscal year.

Gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the distribution segment increased by 5.7% to 19.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2012, from 13.8% for the same period of the last fiscal year. The increase was due to the change in product mix, as we sold more products with a higher profit margin in the distribution segment as compared to the same period of last fiscal year.  In terms of absolute dollar amounts, gross profit in the distribution segment for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was $ 68, an increase of $ 24, as compared to $ 44 in the same period of the last fiscal year. The gross profit margin of the distribution segment is not only affected by the market price of our products, but also our product mix, which changes frequently as a result of changes in market demand.

Gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the real estate segment was a negative 10.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2012, a decrease of 54.7% as compared to positive gross margin of 44.7% for the same period in the last fiscal year. In absolute dollar amounts, gross profit in the real estate segment for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was negative $3, as compared to gross profit of $21 in the same period of the last fiscal year.  The decrease in gross profit margin was mainly due to a decrease in rental revenue in the first quarter of fiscal 2013 as one of the rental contracts reached maturity in January, 2012. In addition, the depreciation expenses increased in the first quarter of fiscal 2013 as compared to the same period of the last fiscal year, due to increase in the investment property. An amount of $673 was transferred from down payment, which was capitalized during April 2012 into investment property in China and in property, plant and equipment as the assets were put to use during the fiscal 2012.
 
 
Gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the fabrication services segment deteriorated to a negative 43.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to 9.1% for the same period of the last fiscal year. In terms of dollar amounts, gross profit in the fabrication services segment for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was negative $75, as compared to a        $213 in the same period of the last fiscal year. The revenue generated from the orders could not cover the entire fixed cost of the operation, resulting in a negative gross margin due to underutilization of the plant capacity. The cost of sales in this segment mainly consisted of rental expenses, depreciation expenses and cost of direct labor.
 
Operating Expenses

Operating expenses for the first quarter of fiscal 2013 and 2012 were as follows:

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
(Unaudited)
  
2012
    
2011
  
General and administrative
  
$
1,824
    
$
2,098
  
Selling
    
132
      
144
  
Research and development
    
73
      
75
  
(Gain) / loss on disposal of PP&E
    
(3
)
    
4
  
 Total
  
$
2,026
    
$
2,321
  

General and administrative expenses decreased by $274, or 13.1%, from $2,098 to $1,824 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 compared to the same quarter of last fiscal year. The decrease in general and administrative expenses was mainly attributable to the decrease in payroll expenses in the Singapore operation which was mainly caused by the reduction in headcount and the turnover in staff. In addition, depreciation expenses increased in Malaysia operation during the first quarter of fiscal 2013 as compared to the same period of last fiscal year, but partially offset by an increase of approximately $30, in provision for doubtful debts in the real estate segment, due to the rent receivable which has exceeded the number of days stipulated in the accounts receivable collectoin and valuation policy.

Selling expenses decreased by $12, or 8.3%, for the three months ended September 30, 2012, from $144 to $132 compared to the same quarter of the last fiscal year. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in commission expenses, as the commissionable revenue decreased in the Singapore operation.

Research and development expenses decreased slightly by $2, or 2.7%, for the three months ended September 30, 2012, from $75 to $73 compared to the same quarter of last fiscal year,

Loss from Operations

Loss from operations was $262 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared $921 for the three months ended September 30, 2011, mainly due to the increase in gross margins and a decrease in operating expenses as previously discussed.

Interest Expense

Interest expense for the first quarter of fiscal 2013 and 2012 was as follows:

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
(Unaudited)
  
2012
    
2011
  
Interest expenses
  
 $
85
    
$ 
61
  

Interest expense increased by $24 to $85 from $61 for the three months ended September 30, 2012, primarily due to the utilization of the bank credit facilities by the Singapore operation for its working capital. We are trying to keep our debt at a minimum in order to save financing costs.  As of September 30, 2012, the Company had an unused line of credit of $3,766.

Other Income

Other income for the first quarter of fiscal 2013 and 2012 was as follows:

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
(Unaudited)
  
2012
    
2011
  
Other income
  
 $
182
 
  
$ 
44
  
 
Other income was $182, an increase of $138, for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to $44 in the same period of the last fiscal year, primarily attributable to foreign currency exchange gains and interest income from the loan receivable in the real estate segment.

Income Tax Benefit / (Expenses)

Income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was $124, as compared to income tax expenses of $37 for the same period of the last fiscal year. The increase in income tax benefit was mainly due to tax refunded for the Singapore and Malaysia operations, for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the same period in the previous fiscal year.

Loss from Discontinued Operations

Loss from discontinued operations was nil for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to a loss of $1 for the same period in the last fiscal year.  

Non-controlling Interest

As of September 30, 2012, we held a 55% interest in Trio-Tech (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd., Trio-Tech (Kuala Lumpur) Sdn. Bhd., SHI International Pte. Ltd., Singapore and PTSHI Indonesia and a 76% interest in Prestal Enterprise Sdn. Bhd. The non-controlling interest for the three months ended September 30, 2012 in the net loss of subsidiaries was $24, a decrease of $159 as compared $183 for the same period of the previous fiscal year.  The increase in the non-controlling interest in the net loss of subsidiaries was attributable to the increase in net loss generated by the fabrication segment of the SHI Singapore and its subsidiary PT SHI Indonesia operation which was partially offset by the increase in the net income generated by the Malaysia operation as compared to the same period in the previous fiscal year.  Our Malaysia subsidiary declared dividend for the fiscal year and the dividend payable to non-controlling interest amounted to $39.

Net Loss

Net loss was $17 for the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to $804 for the three months ended September 30, 2011. The decrease in net loss was mainly due to an increase in gross margin and decrease in operating expenses, as previously discussed.

Loss per Share

Basic and diluted loss per share from continuing operations for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was $0.01 compared to basic loss per share of $0.24 in the same period of the last fiscal year. There was no income or loss from discontinued operations for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to a loss of $1 for the same period in the previous fiscal year. Basic and diluted  loss per share attributable to discontinued operations for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was nil per share for both years.

Segment Information

The revenue, gross margin and income from each segment for the first quarter of fiscal 2013 and the first quarter of fiscal 2012, respectively, are presented below. As the revenue and gross margin for each segment have been discussed in the previous section, only the comparison of income from operations is discussed below.

Manufacturing Segment

The revenue, gross margin and loss from operations for the manufacturing segment for the first quarter of fiscal 2013 and 2012 were as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
(Unaudited)
2012
  
2011
  
Revenue
  
$
5,292
    
$
2,798
  
Gross margin
    
10.3
%
    
16.6
%
Loss from operations
  
$
(240
)
  
$
(315
)

Loss from operations from the manufacturing segment decreased by $75 to $240 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 from a loss of $315 in the same period of the last fiscal year, primarily due to an increase in revenue, as discussed earlier. Operating expenses for the manufacturing segment were $783 and $780 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  The decrease in operating expenses of $3 was mainly due to a decrease in payroll related expenses as a result of decrease in headcount in our Singapore operation , which was partially offset by an increase in traveling expenses in this segment for the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the same period of last fiscal year.


Testing Segment

The revenue, gross margin and income/ loss from operations for the testing segment for the first quarter of fiscal 2013 and 2012 were as follows:

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
(Unaudited)
2012
  
2011
  
Revenue
  
$
3,909
    
$
3,291
  
Gross margin
    
31.5
%
    
20.0
%
Income / (loss) from operations
  
$
104
    
$
(342
)

Income from operations in the testing segment for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was $104, as compared to a loss of $342 in the same period of the last fiscal year. The improvement was attributable to an increase of $575 in gross margin, as discussed earlier, which was partially offset by an increase of $129 in operating expenses.  Operating expenses were $1,128 and $999 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The increase in operating expenses of $129 was mainly attributable to an increase in payroll expenses in the Malaysia operation as a result of an increase in employee headcount and the basic wage rate,  and an increase in transportation   expenses and electricity expenses in our China testing operation as a result of an increase in sales.  These increases were partially offset by a decrease in payroll related expenses in the Singapore testing operation as a result of a reduction in employee headcount, as compared to the same period of last fiscal year.

Distribution Segment

The revenue, gross margin and income from operations for the distribution segment for the first quarter of fiscal 2013 and 2012 were as follows: 

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
(Unaudited)
2012
  
2011
  
Revenue
  
$
344
    
$
318
  
Gross margin
    
19.5
%
    
13.8
%
Income from operations
  
$
46
    
$
21
  

Income from operations in the distribution segment increased by $25 to $46 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 from $21 in the same period of the last fiscal year.   The increase in operating income was mainly due to an increase in revenue and gross margin as discussed earlier. Operating expenses were $21 and $23 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The decrease of $2 in operating expenses was mainly due to a decrease in commission expenses as a result of decrease in commissionable revenue.

Real Estate Segment

The revenue, gross margin and loss from operations for the real estate segment for the first quarter of fiscal 2013 and 2012 were as follows:

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
(Unaudited)
2012
  
2011
  
Revenue
  
$
30
    
$
47
  
Gross margin
    
(10.0
)%
    
44.7
%
Loss from operations
  
$
(64
)
  
$
(6
)

Loss from operations in the real estate segment for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was $64, an increase of $58 compared to $6 for the same period of the last fiscal year.  The increase in operating loss was mainly due to a decrease in revenue and a decrease in gross profit as discussed earlier, and an increase in operating expenses of $34. The operating expenses were $61 and $27 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The increase in operating expenses was primarily contributed by the increase in depreciation expenses as one of the property was capitalized during April 2012. This property remains vacant as of the date of this report and hence the loss from operations is higher as compared to the same period in the last fiscal year.


Fabrication Services

The revenue, gross margin and loss from operations for the fabrication services segment for the first quarter of fiscal 2013 and 2012 were as follows:

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
(Unaudited)
2012
  
2011
  
Revenue
  
$
172
   
$
2,345
  
Gross margin
    
(43.6
)%
    
9.1
%
Loss from operations
  
$
(176
)
  
$
(187)
 

Loss from operations in the fabrication services segment was $176 for the three months ended September 30, 2012, a decrease of $11 as compared to $187 for the same period of the last fiscal year. Operating expenses were $101 and $400 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The decrease in operating expenses was mainly due to a decrease in depreciation expenses, payroll related expenses as a result of reduction in employee and local transportation.    

Corporate
 
The loss from operations for corporate for the first quarters of fiscal 2013 and 2012 were as follows:   

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
(Unaudited)
2012
  
2011
  
Income / (loss) from operations
  
$
68
    
$
(92
) 

Corporate operating profit was $68 for the three months ended September 30, 2012, an increase of $160 from an operating loss of $92 in the same period of the last fiscal year. The improvement in the operating income was mainly attributable to an increase in recharge of corporate expenses allocated to subsidiaries. Corporate expenses are recharged based on revenues generated by the subsidiaries, and because the revenue generated by the subsidiaries was higher for the first quarter of fiscal year 2013 as compared to the same period of last fiscal year, the corporate expenses allocated to subsidiaries were higher.

Financial Condition
 
During the three months ended September 30, 2012, total assets increased by $220, from $38,050 as at June 30, 2012 to $38,270 as at September 30, 2012. The increase in total assets was due to an increase in cash and cash equivalent, short-term deposits, prepaid expenses, loan receivables from property development projects, investments, assets held for sales, property, plant and equipment, other assets and restricted term deposits, which was partially offset by a decrease in trade accounts receivables, other receivables, inventory, and  investment property in China and restricted term deposits.
 
At September 30, 2102, cash and cash equivalents were $2,088 as at September 30, 2012, reflecting an increase of $516 from $1,572 as at June 30, 2012, primarily due to collections from customers, additional borrowings from financial institutions in Singapore and withdrawal of the short-term deposits in our Thailand operation, which was partially offset by the capital expenditure in the Tianjin, China, Malaysia and Suzhou operations.
 
Cash and cash equivalents were $2,150 as at September 30, 2012, reflecting a decrease of $961 from $3,111 as at June 30, 2012, primarily due to payment for the capital expenditure of $750 in the Tianjin operation in China, $477 in the Malaysia operation and $164 in the Suzhou operations, which was partially offset by withdrawal of the short-term deposits in our Thailand operation.

At September 30, 2012, short-term cash deposits were $253, reflecting an increase of $3 from $250 as at June 30, 2012, The increase was primarily due to the foreign currency exchange difference between Singapore dollars and U.S. dollars coupled with interest credit.

At September 30, 2012, the trade accounts receivable balance decreased by $275 to $11,036 from $11,311 as at June 30, 2012, primarily due to a decrease in revenue in Singapore operations in the first quarter of fiscal 2013 and due to a significant collection. In addition, accounts receivable balance increased in the Tianjin and Malaysia operations due to an increase in testing segment revenue during the first quarter of fiscal 2013. The rate of turnover of accounts receivables was 103 days at the end of fiscal 2012 as compared to 95 days at the end of fiscal year 2012. The increase in accounts receivable turnover was primarily due to increase in sales and slower collection for the three months ended September 30, 2012.

At September 30, 2012, other receivables were $720, reflecting a decrease of $242 from $962 as at June 30, 2012. The decrease was primarily due to the project related deferred receivables which is no longer required as the fabrication projects have been successfully completed and classified as trade receivables in the Indonesian operations. In addition advance payment to suppliers for the renovation work in our Singapore operation, increase in goods and services tax receivable and an increase in value added tax receivable in our China operation resulted in the increase in other receivables.
 
At September 30, 2012 prepayments were $480, reflecting an increase of $74 from $406 as at June 30, 2012, primarily due to an renewal of insurance by paying an insurance premium for twelve months in advance in Singapore and China operations.
 

At September 30, 2012, the loan receivable from property development projects was $1,112 compared to $1,101 as at June 30, 2012.  The increase was primarily due to the exchange fluctuation between Singapore dollars and U.S. dollars from June 30, 2012 to September 30, 2012. The loan receivable from property development projects was primarily attributable to a loan receivable from property development projects of RMB 5,000 and RMB 2,000, or approximately $794 and $318 based on the exchange rate as on September 30, 2012 published by Monetary Authority of Singapore, from JiaSheng and JiangHuai, respectively. The investment was classified as a loan based on ASC Topic 310-10-25 Receivables.

Inventory at September 30, 2012 was $1,817, a decrease of $507, or 21.8% compared to $2,324 as at June 30, 2012. The decrease in inventory was mainly due to a decrease in the work in progress and finished goods in the Singapore operations as a result of increased manufacturing activity and increased revenue. The turnover of inventory was 37 days at the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2013 compared to 56 days at the end of fiscal year 2012.  The decrease in the inventory turnover rate was due to higher usage of inventory to meet the increase in revenue in our manufacturing segment in the first quarter of fiscal 2013 as compared to June 30, 2012.
 
Asset held for sale at September 30, 2012 was $135, as compared to $130 as at June 30, 2012, which asset consisted solely of a building held for sale in Penang, Malaysia. The increase of $5 was due to the currency translation between Malaysian Ringgit and U.S. dollars from June 30, 2012 to September 30, 2012.

At September 30, 2012, investments were $773, an increase of $8 from $765 as at June 30, 2012. We made an investment under “investment in unconsolidated joint ventures” in the second quarter of fiscal 2011.  In the first quarter of 2012, due to the resignation of two directors representing Trio-Tech on the board of the joint venture, the Company concluded that it could no longer exert a significant influence over the operating and financial activities of Chong Qing Jun Zhou Zhi Ye Co Ltd. operating and financial activities. Therefore the Company began accounting for this investment using the cost method effective September 29, 2011. An impairment review was made during the quarter ended September 30, 2012 and the carrying value of this investment at September 30, 2012, was $773, which approximates the Company’s pro rata share of the underlying value of Chong Qing Jun Zhou Zhi Ye Co Ltd.

Investment properties in China at September 30, 2012 were $1,807, a decrease of $8, from $1,815 as at June 30, 2012.  The decrease was primarily due to depreciation charged for the three months ended September 30, 2012, which was partially offset by the exchange fluctuation between Chinese Renminbi and U.S. dollars from June 30, 2012 to September 30, 2012.
 
Property, plant and equipment increased by $497 from $13,193 as at June 30, 2012 to $13,690 as at September 30, 2012, mainly due to capital expenditures of $673 incurred mainly in the Tianjin and Malaysia operations, which was partially offset by depreciation of $625 charged for the three months ended September 30, 2012, and the foreign currency exchange difference between various currencies and U.S. dollars for the three months ended September 30, 2012.
 
Restricted cash as at September 30, 2012 increased by $82 to $3,527, compared to $3,445 as at June 30, 2012.  It was primarily due to the foreign currency exchange difference between Singapore dollars, Malaysian Ringgit and U.S., dollars in addition with interest credit which was partially offset by withdrawal of the deposit by the Malaysia operation.
 
During the three months ended September 30, 2012, total liabilities decreased by $266, from $17,494 as at June 30, 2012 to $17,228 as at September 30, 2012. The decrease in total liabilities was due to a decrease in trade payables, accrued expenses, long term note payable, long term capital lease ad deferred tax liabilities, which was partially offset by an increase in line of credit and current portion of note payable.

The total of our lines of credit as at September 30, 2012 were $4,887, representing an increase of $1,282, as compared to $3,605 as at June 30, 2012. We continued to increase the utilization of the lines of credit in the first quarter of fiscal 2013 to finance the working capital needs of the Singapore, Malaysia and Tianjin operations. These lines of credit are collateralized by restricted deposits held in a financial institution in Singapore.

Accounts payable as at September 30, 2012 was $3,658 representing a decrease of $1,176, as compared to $4,834 as at June 30, 2012. The decrease in accounts payable was mainly due to the payment of suppliers using the lines of credit.

Accrued expenses as at September 30, 2012 was $2,886, representing a decrease of $125, as compared to $3,011 as at June 30, 2012. The decrease in accrued expenses was mainly due to decrease in provision for bonus as a result of the current quarter performance. There was no need for additional provision to be made and a decrease in payroll related accruals.

The outstanding bank loan payable as of September 30, 2012 was $4,053, representing a decrease of $86, as compared to $4,139 as at June 30, 2012. The decrease was mainly due to the payment towards the bank loan payable. During the second quarter of fiscal 2012 we established these term loans with financial institutions primarily to meet our investment plans of our Singapore operations, these loans were collateralized by the property, plant and equipment of Singapore operations.


Liquidity Comparison
 
Net cash used in operating activities decreased by $363 to an outflow of $135  for the three months ended September 30, 2012 from $498 in the same period of the last fiscal year. The decrease in net cash used in was primarily due to changes in operating assets and liabilities by $333, as previously discussed which was partially offset by decrease in net loss by $946 to $41.
 
Net cash used in investing activities increased by $154, to $614 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 from $460 for the same period of the last fiscal year.  The increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily due to capital expenditure of $673 which was partially offset by the proceeds from maturing unrestricted and restricted term deposits of $53.
 
Net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was $1,363, representing an increase of $861 compared to $502 during the three months ended September 30 2011. The increase was mainly due to additional capital lease of $267 and line of credits of $770 for our Singapore operation for our capital expenditure and working capital needs respectively. We increased our borrowings on lines of credit due to higher sales in the manufacturing segment in the first quarter of fiscal year 2013.

We believe that our projected cash flows from operations, borrowing availability under our revolving lines of credit, cash on hand, trade credit and the secured bank loan will provide the necessary financial resources to meet our projected cash requirements for at least the next 12 months.
 
Critical Accounting Estimates & Policies

There have been no significant changes in the critical accounting policies, except as disclosed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in the most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
Not applicable.

ITEM 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
An evaluation was carried out by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of September 30, 2012, the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable level.  
 
During the period covered by this report, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control overall financial reporting.
 
TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL
PART II.  OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.  Legal Proceedings

We are not currently involved in any material legal proceedings. However, from time to time, we may become subject to additional legal proceedings, claims, and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business, including, but not limited to employee, customer and vendor disputes.

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

Not applicable.

Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

Item 3.  Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 
Not applicable.
 
Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures
 
Not applicable.

Item 5.  Other Information

Not applicable.

Item 6.  Exhibits
 
3.1
  
Articles of Incorporation, as currently in effect (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 1988)
     
3.2
  
Bylaws, as currently in effect (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 1988)
     
31.1
  
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer of Registrant
     
31.2
  
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer of Registrant 
 
SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 
TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL
 
 
By:
/s/ Victor H.M. Ting
    Name:  VICTOR H.M. TING
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
Dated: November 19, 2012

TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL Reports

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