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8-K/A - RIVERVIEW BANCORP, INC. FORM 8-K/A - RIVERVIEW BANCORP INCriv8kearnrel52612.htm
Exhibit 99.1
 
   
 
Contacts:  Pat Sheaffer or Ron Wysaske, 
                  Riverview Bancorp, Inc. 360-693-6650
 
 
 
Riverview Bancorp Revises Fiscal Fourth Quarter and Year End Results

Vancouver, WA – May 25, 2012 - Riverview Bancorp, Inc. (Nasdaq GSM: RVSB) (“Riverview” or the “Company”), the parent company of Riverview Community Bank (the “Bank”) today announced that it has increased its provision for loan losses an additional $3.2 million for its fourth fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2012. As a result, the Company’s net loss was $16.0 million, or $0.71 per share, for the quarter ended March 31, 2012, compared to a net loss of $16.6 million, or $0.74 per share in the preceding quarter and net income of $854,000, or $0.04 per share, in its fourth fiscal quarter a year ago. For the fiscal year, Riverview’s net loss was $31.7 million, or $1.42 per share, compared to net income of $4.3 million, or $0.24 per share, for fiscal year 2011.
 
“The increase in the provision for loan losses was necessary as a result of updated information received by the Bank on three commercial properties as well as the current regulatory guidance for these individual properties,” said Pat Sheaffer, Chairman and CEO. “This additional provision for loan losses increases the Bank’s reserves as we remain diligent in our efforts to reduce our non-performing assets.”
 
Credit Quality
 
Riverview’s provision for loan losses totaled $17.5 million for the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2012, compared to $8.1 million in the preceding quarter and $500,000 in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2011. The allowance for loan losses increased to $19.9 million at March 31, 2012, representing 2.91% of total loans and 45.11% of non-performing loans (NPLs). NPLs decreased to $44.2 million, or 6.45% of total loans at March 31, 2012, as a result of an additional charge-off of $867,000 on a nonperforming commercial real estate loan.
 
The additional provision for loan losses was primarily related to three individual properties. The first was a $2.7 million commercial real estate property located in Portland, Oregon. The second was a $992,000 commercial real estate loan to a related borrower located in Portland, Oregon. The Company increased its provision for loan losses $926,000 and charged-off a total of $1.9 million for these two properties. Both of these loans have continued to pay as agreed and have not missed any of their required payments. An additional provision of $600,000 was for a land development project located in southwest Washington. The Company also bolstered its general allowance by an additional $1.7 million.
 
The Company’s non-performing assets totaled to $62.9 million at March 31, 2012. At March 31, 2012, Riverview’s non-performing assets were 7.35% of total assets, compared to 6.11% at the end of the preceding quarter and 4.65% a year ago. Additionally, as previously reported, the Company sold several additional non-performing assets subsequent to March 31, 2012. These asset sales have totaled more than $7 million, resulting in a net loss of $218,000.
 
Capital and Liquidity
 
“From a capital standpoint, the Bank remains sound and strong,” said Ron Wysaske, President and COO. “Additionally, the positive movements we have seen in REO and land sales during the last several months should prove beneficial to the Bank over the next several quarters.”

The Bank continues to maintain capital levels in excess of the regulatory requirements to be categorized as “well capitalized” with a total risk-based capital ratio of 12.11% and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 8.76% at March 31, 2012. To be considered “well capitalized” a bank has to have a total risk-based capital ratio of 10% and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 5%.
 
 
 

 
May 25, 2012
Page 2
 
Subsequent to March 31, 2012, the Company invested an additional $2.7 million into the Bank, increasing the Bank’s total risk-based capital ratio to approximately 12.78% and its Tier 1 leverage ratio to 9.25%.
 
At March 31, 2012, the Bank had available total and contingent liquidity of over $500 million, including over $300 million of borrowing capacity from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Seattle and the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, and more than $80 million of cash and short-term investments.
 
 
About Riverview
 
 
Riverview Bancorp, Inc. (www.riverviewbank.com) is headquartered in Vancouver, Washington – just north of Portland, Oregon on the I-5 corridor. With assets of $856 million, it is the parent company of the 89 year-old Riverview Community Bank, as well as Riverview Asset Management Corp. The Bank offers true community banking services, focusing on providing the highest quality service and financial products to commercial and retail customers. There are 17 branches, including twelve in the Portland-Vancouver area and three lending centers, with a new branch scheduled to open in the rapidly growing metropolitan area of Gresham, Oregon in the summer of 2012.
 
 
“Safe Harbor” statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995: This press release contains forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to: the Company’s ability to raise common capital, the amount of capital it intends to raise and its intended use of that capital. The credit risks of lending activities, including changes in the level and trend of loan delinquencies and write-offs and changes in the Company’s allowance for loan losses and provision for loan losses that may be impacted by deterioration in the housing and commercial real estate markets; changes in general economic conditions, either nationally or in the Company’s market areas; changes in the levels of general interest rates, and the relative differences between short and long term interest rates, deposit interest rates, the Company’s net interest margin and funding sources; fluctuations in the demand for loans, the number of unsold homes, land and other properties and fluctuations in real estate values in the Company’s market areas; secondary market conditions for loans and the Company’s ability to sell loans in the secondary market; results of examinations of us by the Office of Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) or other regulatory authorities, including the possibility that any such regulatory authority may, among other things, require us to increase the Company’s reserve for loan losses, write-down assets, change Riverview Community Bank’s regulatory capital position or affect the Company’s ability to borrow funds or maintain or increase deposits, which could adversely affect its liquidity and earnings; the Company’s compliance with regulatory enforcement actions we have entered into with the OCC as successor to the Office of Thrift Supervision and the possibility that our noncompliance could result in the imposition of additional enforcement actions and additional requirements or restrictions on our operations; legislative or regulatory changes that adversely affect the Company’s business including changes in regulatory policies and principles, or the interpretation of regulatory capital or other rules; the Company’s ability to attract and retain deposits; further increases in premiums for deposit insurance; the Company’s ability to control operating costs and expenses; the use of estimates in determining fair value of certain of the Company’s assets, which estimates may prove to be incorrect and result in significant declines in valuation; difficulties in reducing risks associated with the loans on the Company’s balance sheet; staffing fluctuations in response to product demand or the implementation of corporate strategies that affect the Company’s workforce and potential associated charges; computer systems on which the Company depends could fail or experience a security breach; the Company’s ability to retain key members of its senior management team; costs and effects of litigation, including settlements and judgments; the Company’s ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, customers, systems, and management personnel it may in the future acquire into its operations and the Company’s ability to realize related revenue synergies and cost savings within expected time frames and any goodwill charges related thereto; increased competitive pressures among financial services companies; changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits; the availability of resources to address changes in laws, rules, or regulations or to respond to regulatory actions; the Company’s ability to pay dividends on its common stock; and interest or principal payments on its junior subordinated debentures; adverse changes in the securities markets; inability of key third-party providers to perform their obligations to us; changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the financial institution regulatory agencies or the Financial Accounting Standards Board, including additional guidance and interpretation on accounting issues and details of the implementation of new accounting methods; other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, and technological factors affecting the Company’s operations, pricing, products and services and the other risks described from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
 
The Company cautions readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Moreover, you should treat these statements as speaking only as of the date they are made and based only on information then actually known to the Company. The Company does not undertake and specifically disclaims any obligation to revise any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements. These risks could cause our actual results for fiscal 2012 and beyond to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements by, or on behalf of, us, and could negatively affect the Company’s operating and stock price performance.
 
 
 
 

 
 
May 25, 2012
Page 3
RIVERVIEW BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
                 
Consolidated Balance Sheets
                 
(In thousands, except share data)  (Unaudited)
 
March 31,
2012
   
December 31,
2011
   
March 31,
2011
 
ASSETS
                 
                   
Cash (including interest-earning accounts of $33,437, $23,146
  $ 46,393     $ 36,313     $ 51,752  
and $37,349)
                       
Certificate of deposits
    41,473       42,718       14,900  
Loans held for sale
    480       659       173  
Investment securities held to maturity, at amortized cost
    493       493       506  
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value
    6,314       6,337       6,320  
Mortgage-backed securities held to maturity, at amortized
    171       177       190  
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale, at fair value
    974       1,146       1,777  
Loans receivable (net of allowance for loan losses of $19,921, $15,926
                       
and $14,968)
    664,888       678,626       672,609  
Real estate and other pers. property owned
    18,731       20,667       27,590  
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    6,362       6,087       5,887  
Accrued interest receivable
    2,158       2,378       2,523  
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost
    7,350       7,350       7,350  
Premises and equipment, net
    17,068       16,351       16,100  
Deferred income taxes, net
    603       594       9,447  
Mortgage servicing rights, net
    278       299       396  
Goodwill
    25,572       25,572       25,572  
Core deposit intangible, net
    137       157       219  
Bank owned life insurance
    16,553       16,406       15,952  
                         
TOTAL ASSETS
  $ 855,998     $ 862,330     $ 859,263  
                         
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
                       
                         
LIABILITIES:
                       
Deposit accounts
  $ 744,455     $ 735,046     $ 716,530  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    9,398       9,574       9,396  
Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance
    800       409       680  
Junior subordinated debentures
    22,681       22,681       22,681  
Capital lease obligation
    2,513       2,531       2,567  
Total liabilities
    779,847       770,241       751,854  
                         
EQUITY:
                       
Shareholders' equity
                       
Serial preferred stock, $.01 par value; 250,000 authorized,
                       
issued and outstanding, none
    -       -       -  
Common stock, $.01 par value; 50,000,000 authorized,
                       
March 31, 2012 – 22,471,890 issued and outstanding;
    225       225       225  
December 31, 2011 - 22,471,890 issued and outstanding;
                       
March 31, 2011 – 22,471,890 issued and outstanding;
                       
Additional paid-in capital
    65,610       65,621       65,639  
Retained earnings
    11,536       27,493       43,193  
Unearned shares issued to employee stock ownership trust
    (593 )     (619 )     (696 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (1,171 )     (1,153 )     (1,417 )
Total shareholders’ equity
    75,607       91,567       106,944  
                         
Noncontrolling interest
    544       522       465  
Total equity
    76,151       92,089       107,409  
                         
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
  $ 855,998     $ 862,330     $ 859,263  

 
 
 

 
May 25, 2012
Page 4
 
RIVERVIEW BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
                   
Consolidated Statements of Operations
                   
 
Three Months Ended
 
Twelve Months Ended
 
(In thousands, except share data)   (Unaudited)
March 31, 2012
 
Dec. 31, 2011
 
March 31, 2011
 
March 31, 2012
 
March 31, 2011
 
INTEREST INCOME:
                   
Interest and fees on loans receivable
$ 9,130   $ 9,669   $ 10,239   $ 38,894   $ 42,697  
Interest on investment securities-taxable
  36     28     49     145     164  
Interest on investment securities-non taxable
  7     11     12     42     55  
Interest on mortgage-backed securities
  10     12     18     51     88  
Other interest and dividends
  127     109     70     400     210  
Total interest income
  9,310     9,829     10,388     39,532     43,214  
                               
INTEREST EXPENSE:
                             
Interest on deposits
  908     1,061     1,337     4,357     6,569  
Interest on borrowings
  387     381     364     1,508     1,483  
Total interest expense
  1,295     1,442     1,701     5,865     8,052  
Net interest income
  8,015     8,387     8,687     33,667     35,162  
Less provision for loan losses
  17,500     8,100     500     29,350     5,075  
                               
Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan losses
  (9,485 )   287     8,187     4,317     30,087  
                               
NON-INTEREST INCOME:
                             
Fees and service charges
  914     962     916     3,996     4,047  
Asset management fees
  604     568     546     2,367     2,079  
Gain on sale of loans held for sale
  87     29     54     160     393  
Bank owned life insurance income
  146     151     150     601     601  
Other
  (190 )   (180 )   73     (297 )   769  
Total non-interest income
  1,561     1,530     1,739     6,827     7,889  
                               
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE:
                             
Salaries and employee benefits
  3,850     4,014     4,601     15,889     16,716  
Occupancy and depreciation
  1,253     1,211     1,180     4,793     4,677  
Data processing
  285     306     293     1,421     1,067  
Amortization of core deposit intangible
  20     20     24     82     96  
Advertising and marketing expense
  184     286     172     998     749  
FDIC insurance premium
  288     289     400     1,136     1,640  
State and local taxes
  139     150     136     549     638  
Telecommunications
  110     109     111     434     428  
Professional fees
  283     334     352     1,254     1,310  
Real estate owned expenses
  1,130     2,781     634     5,097     1,817  
Other
  687     692     663     2,770     2,358  
Total non-interest expense
  8,229     10,192     8,566     34,423     31,496  
                               
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES
  (16,153 )   (8,375 )   1,360     (23,279 )   6,480  
PROVISION (BENEFIT) FOR INCOME TAXES
  (196 )   8,220     506     8,378     2,165  
NET INCOME (LOSS)
$ (15,957 ) $ (16,595 ) $ 854   $ (31,657 ) $ 4,315  
                               
Earnings (loss) per common share:
                             
Basic
$ (0.71 ) $ (0.74 ) $ 0.04   $ (1.42 ) $ 0.24  
Diluted
$ (0.71 ) $ (0.74 ) $ 0.04   $ (1.42 ) $ 0.24  
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
                             
Basic
  22,327,171     22,321,011     22,302,538     22,317,933     18,341,191  
Diluted
  22,327,171     22,321,011     22,302,538     22,317,933     18,341,308  

 
 
 

 
May 25, 2012
Page 5
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
At or for the three months ended
   
At or for the twelve months ended
 
   
March 31, 2012
   
Dec. 31, 2011
   
March 31, 2011
   
March 31, 2012
   
March 31, 2011
 
AVERAGE BALANCES
                             
Average interest–earning assets
  $ 788,488     $ 790,922     $ 748,907     $ 777,864     $ 758,847  
Average interest-bearing liabilities
    652,607       651,368       639,503       645,369       649,342  
Net average earning assets
    135,881       139,554       109,404       132,495       109,505  
Average loans
    695,973       694,205       685,507       694,382       703,861  
Average deposits
    741,320       742,899       705,456       731,089       708,169  
Average equity
    91,171       109,301       108,114       104,869       100,643  
Average tangible equity
    65,156       83,238       81,896       78,779       74,337  

ASSET QUALITY
 
March 31, 2012
 
Dec. 31, 2011
 
March 31, 2011
             
Non-performing loans
 
44,163
 
32,037
 
12,323
Non-performing loans to total loans
 
6.45%
 
4.61%
 
1.79%
Real estate/repossessed assets owned
 
18,731
 
20,667
 
27,590
Non-performing assets
 
62,894
 
52,704
 
39,913
Non-performing assets to total assets
 
7.35%
 
6.11%
 
4.65%
Net loan charge-offs in the quarter
 
13,505
 
6,846
 
2,995
Net charge-offs in the quarter/average net loans
 
7.80%
 
3.91%
 
1.77%
             
Allowance for loan losses
 
19,921
 
15,926
 
14,968
Average interest-earning assets to average
           
  interest-bearing liabilities
 
120.82%
 
121.42%
 
117.11%
Allowance for loan losses to
           
  non-performing loans
 
45.11%
 
49.71%
 
121.46%
Allowance for loan losses to total loans
 
2.91%
 
2.29%
 
2.18%
Shareholders’ equity to assets
 
8.83%
 
10.62%
 
12.45%
             
             
CAPITAL RATIOS
           
Total capital (to risk weighted assets)
 
12.11%
 
13.14%
 
14.61%
Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)
 
10.84%
 
11.89%
 
13.35%
Tier 1 capital (to leverage assets)
 
8.76%
 
9.74%
 
11.24%
Tangible common equity (to tangible assets)
 
5.98%
 
7.84%
 
9.69%

DEPOSIT MIX
March 31, 2012
 
Dec. 31, 2011
 
March 31, 2011
           
Interest checking
$ 106,904   $ 96,757   $ 77,399
Regular savings
  45,741     42,453     37,231
Money market deposit accounts
  244,919     235,902     236,321
Non-interest checking
  116,882     116,854     102,429
Certificates of deposit
  230,009     243,080     263,150
Total deposits
$ 744,455   $ 735,046   $ 716,530

 
 

 
May 25, 2012
Page 6
 
COMPOSITION OF COMMERCIAL AND CONSTRUCTION LOANS
             
                         
         
Commercial
         
Commercial
 
         
Real Estate
   
Real Estate
   
& Construction
 
   
Commercial
   
Mortgage
   
Construction
   
Total
 
March 31, 2012
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial
  $ 87,238     $ -     $ -     $ 87,238  
Commercial construction
    -       -       13,496       13,496  
Office buildings
    -       94,541       -       94,541  
Warehouse/industrial
    -       48,605       -       48,605  
Retail/shopping centers/strip malls
    -       80,595       -       80,595  
Assisted living facilities
    -       35,866       -       35,866  
Single purpose facilities
    -       93,473       -       93,473  
Land
    -       38,888       -       38,888  
Multi-family
    -       42,795       -       42,795  
One-to-four family
    -       -       12,295       12,295  
  Total
  $ 87,238     $ 434,763     $ 25,791     $ 547,792  
                                 
March 31, 2011
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial
  $ 85,511     $ -     $ -     $ 85,511  
Commercial construction
    -       -       8,608       8,608  
Office buildings
    -       95,529       -       95,529  
Warehouse/industrial
    -       49,627       -       49,627  
Retail/shopping centers/strip malls
    -       85,719       -       85,719  
Assisted living facilities
    -       35,162       -       35,162  
Single purpose facilities
    -       98,651       -       98,651  
Land
    -       55,258       -       55,258  
Multi-family
    -       42,009       -       42,009  
One-to-four family
    -       -       18,777       18,777  
  Total
  $ 85,511     $ 461,955     $ 27,385     $ 574,851  

LOAN MIX
 
March 31, 2012
   
Dec. 31, 2011
   
March 31, 2011
 
Commercial and construction
                 
  Commercial
  $ 87,238     $ 86,759     $ 85,511  
  Other real estate mortgage
    434,763       448,288       461,955  
  Real estate construction
    25,791       27,544       27,385  
    Total commercial and construction
    547,792       562,591       574,851  
Consumer
                       
  Real estate one-to-four family
    134,975       129,780       110,437  
  Other installment
    2,042       2,181       2,289  
    Total consumer
    137,017       131,961       112,726  
                         
Total loans
    684,809       694,552       687,577  
                         
Less:
                       
  Allowance for loan losses
    19,921       15,926       14,968  
  Loans receivable, net
  $ 664,888     $ 678,626     $ 672,609  
 
 
 

 
May 25, 2012
Page 7
 
DETAIL OF NON-PERFORMING ASSETS
                               
                                     
   
Northwest
   
Other
   
Southwest
   
Other
             
   
Oregon
   
Oregon
   
Washington
   
Washington
   
Other
   
Total
 
March 31, 2012
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Non-performing assets
                                   
                                     
     Commercial
  $ 194     $ 746     $ 2,990     $ -     $ -     $ 3,930  
     Commercial real estate
    1,867       -       9,735       -       2,348       13,950  
     Land
    -       1,902       6,383       -       4,700       12,985  
     Multi-family
    627       1,000       -       -       -       1,627  
     Commercial construction
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
     One-to-four family construction
    1,246       6,117       393       -       -       7,756  
     Real estate one-to-four family
    678       189       3,048       -       -       3,915  
     Consumer
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
     Total non-performing loans
    4,612       9,954       22,549       -       7,048       44,163  
                                                 
     REO
    2,477       5,863       6,825       3,566       -       18,731  
                                                 
Total non-performing assets
  $ 7,089     $ 15,817     $ 29,374     $ 3,566     $ 7,048     $ 62,894  
 
 
 
DETAIL OF SPEC CONSTRUCTION AND LAND DEVELOPMENT LOANS
             
                                     
   
Northwest
   
Other
   
Southwest
   
Other
             
   
Oregon
   
Oregon
   
Washington
   
Washington
   
Other
   
Total
 
March 31, 2012
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Land and spec construction loans
                                   
                                     
    Land development loans
  $ 6,044     $ 3,672     $ 24,472     $ -     $ 4,700     $ 38,888  
    Spec construction loans
    1,246       6,117       3,006       392       -       10,761  
                                                 
Total land and spec construction
  $ 7,290     $ 9,789     $ 27,478     $ 392     $ 4,700     $ 49,649  
 
 
 
 

 
May 25, 2012
Page 8
 
At or for the three months ended
   
At or for the twelve months ended
 
SELECTED OPERATING DATA
March 31, 2012
   
Dec. 31, 2011
   
March 31, 2011
   
March 31, 2012
   
March 31, 2011
 
                             
Efficiency ratio (4)
  85.93 %     102.77 %     82.16 %     85.01 %     73.16 %
Coverage ratio (6)
  97.40 %     82.29 %     101.41 %     97.80 %     111.64 %
Return on average assets (1)
  -7.40 %     -7.42 %     0.41 %     -3.64 %     0.51 %
Return on average equity (1)
  -70.39 %     -60.24 %     3.20 %     -30.19 %     4.29 %
                                       
NET INTEREST SPREAD
                                     
Yield on loans
  5.32 %     5.53 %     6.06 %     5.60 %     6.07 %
Yield on investment securities
  2.36 %     2.66 %     3.12 %     2.63 %     2.96 %
    Total yield on interest earning assets
  4.79 %     4.93 %     5.63 %     5.08 %     5.70 %
                                       
Cost of interest bearing deposits
  0.59 %     0.67 %     0.88 %     0.70 %     1.06 %
Cost of FHLB advances and other borrowings
  6.23 %     5.99 %     5.83 %     5.97 %     4.59 %
    Total cost of interest bearing liabilities
  0.80 %     0.88 %     1.08 %     0.91 %     1.24 %
                                       
Spread (7)
  3.99 %     4.05 %     4.55 %     4.17 %     4.46 %
Net interest margin
  4.12 %     4.21 %     4.71 %     4.33 %     4.64 %
                                       
PER SHARE DATA
                                     
Basic earnings per share (2)
$ (0.71 )   $ (0.74 )   $ 0.04     $ (1.42 )   $ 0.24  
Diluted earnings per share (3)
  (0.71 )     (0.74 )     0.04       (1.42 )     0.24  
Book value per share (5)
  3.36       4.07       4.76       3.36       4.76  
Tangible book value per share (5)
  2.21       2.92       3.59       2.21       3.59  
Market price per share:
                                     
  High for the period
$ 2.46     $ 2.50     $ 3.21     $ 3.18     $ 3.81  
  Low for the period
  2.03       2.11       2.69       2.03       1.73  
  Close for period end
  2.26       2.37       3.04       2.26       3.04  
Cash dividends declared per share
  -       -       -       -       -  
                                       
Average number of shares outstanding:
                                     
  Basic (2)
  22,327,171       22,321,011       22,302,538       22,317,933       18,341,191  
  Diluted (3)
  22,327,171       22,321,011       22,302,538       22,317,933       18,341,308  
 
 
(1)  
Amounts for the quarterly periods are annualized.
(2)  
Amounts exclude ESOP shares not committed to be released.
(3)  
Amounts exclude ESOP shares not committed to be released and include common stock equivalents.
(4)  
Non-interest expense divided by net interest income and non-interest income.
(5)  
Amounts calculated based on shareholders’ equity and include ESOP shares not committed to be released.
(6)  
Net interest income divided by non-interest expense.
(7)  
Yield on interest-earning assets less cost of funds on interest bearing liabilities.




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