UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of The

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): January 27, 2012

TRANS1 INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

301 Government Center Drive

Wilmington, North Carolina 28403

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(910) 332-1700

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

TranS1 Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”) has previously disclosed that healthcare providers rely on third-party payors, including private health insurance plans, to pay for all or a portion of the costs and fees associated with the Company’s pre-sacral approach and AxiaLIF interbody fusion procedure. Historically, there has been a lack of consistent reimbursement for the specific CPT code (used to describe specific services performed by physicians when submitting reimbursement claims) used to describe the AxiaLIF interbody fusion surgery, such that some physicians have found it difficult to obtain reimbursement for the procedure.

However, the Company has recently confirmed that Hawaii Medical Service Association (“HMSA”), the Blue Cross and Blue Shield provider for Hawaii, will provide reimbursement for CPT codes 0195T and 0196T, which are the CPT codes associated with the Company’s pre-sacral AxiaLIF procedure, when medical necessity criteria, as defined by the state of Hawaii, is met. HMSA serves approximately 700 thousand members in Hawaii.

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.