Attached files

file filename
S-1 - FORM S-1 - Synacor, Inc.d253349ds1.htm
EX-4.5 - THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED VOTING AGREEMENT - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex45.htm
EX-3.3 - AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex33.htm
EX-4.3 - THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED INVESTORS' RIGHTS AGREEMENT - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex43.htm
EX-10.1 - FORM OF INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex101.htm
EX-10.2.4 - AMENDMENT TO 2000 STOCK PLAN, ADOPTED OCTOBER 19, 2006 - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1024.htm
EX-10.2.1 - 2000 STOCK PLAN - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1021.htm
EX-10.2.2 - AMENDMENT TO 2000 STOCK PLAN, ADOPTED SEPTEMBER 30, 2004 - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1022.htm
EX-10.2.3 - AMENDMENT TO 2000 STOCK PLAN, ADOPTED JUNE 9, 2006 - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1023.htm
EX-23.2 - CONSENT OF ANVIL ADVISORS, LLC - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex232.htm
EX-10.6 - LETTER AGREEMENT WITH SCOTT A. BAILEY - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex106.htm
EX-23.1 - CONSENT OF DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex231.htm
EX-10.8 - LETTER AGREEMENT WITH WILLIAM J. STUART - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex108.htm
EX-10.7.1 - EMPLOYMENT AND NONCOMPETITION AGREEMENT WITH GEORGE G. CHAMOUN - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1071.htm
EX-10.3.2 - AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO 2006 STOCK PLAN - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1032.htm
EX-10.3.6 - AMENDMENT NO. 5 TO 2006 STOCK PLAN - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1036.htm
EX-10.3.1 - 2006 STOCK PLAN - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1031.htm
EX-10.2.5 - AMENDMENT TO 2000 STOCK PLAN, ADOPTED JULY 31, 2008 - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1025.htm
EX-10.3.5 - AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO 2006 STOCK PLAN - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1035.htm
EX-10.3.3 - AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO 2006 STOCK PLAN - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1033.htm
EX-10.5.1 - LETTER AGREEMENT WITH RONALD N. FRANKEL - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1051.htm
EX-10.3.7 - AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO 2006 STOCK PLAN - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1037.htm
EX-10.3.4 - AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO 2006 STOCK PLAN - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex1034.htm
EX-10.14.2 - FIRST AMENDMENT TO SUBLEASE - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex10142.htm
EX-10.14.1 - SUBLEASE - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex10141.htm
EX-10.14.3 - SECOND AMENDMENT TO SUBLEASE - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex10143.htm
EX-4.4 - THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED STOCK RESTRICTION, FIRST REFUSAL AND CO-SALE AGMT - Synacor, Inc.d253349dex44.htm

Exhibit 3.1

FOURTH AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

SYNACOR, INC.

(Pursuant to Sections 242 and 245 of the

General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware)

Synacor, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under and by virtue of the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “General Corporation Law”),

DOES HEREBY CERTIFY:

FIRST: That the name of this corporation is Synacor, Inc. (this “corporation”) and that this corporation was originally incorporated pursuant to the General Corporation Law on November 6, 2002 under the name Synacor, Inc. An Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on November 18, 2002, a Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on October 6, 2003 and a Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on September 30, 2004.

SECOND: That the Board of Directors duly adopted resolutions proposing to amend and restate the Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation, declaring said amendment and restatement to be advisable and in the best interests of this corporation and its stockholders, and authorizing the appropriate officers of this corporation to solicit the consent of the stockholders therefor, which resolution setting forth the proposed amendment and restatement is as follows:

RESOLVED, that the Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation be amended and restated in its entirety as follows:

ARTICLE I

The name of this corporation is Synacor, Inc.

ARTICLE II

The address of the registered office of this corporation in the State of Delaware is 2711 Centerville Road, in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle. The name of its registered agent at such address is Corporation Service Company.


ARTICLE III

The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law.

ARTICLE IV

A. Classes of Stock. This corporation is authorized to issue two classes of stock to be designated, respectively, “Common Stock” and “Preferred Stock.” The total number of shares that this corporation is authorized to issue is Thirty Two Million Five Hundred Twenty Thousand Three Hundred Eighty Nine (32,520,389). The total number of shares of Common Stock authorized to be issued is Twenty Million (20,000,000), par value $0.01 per share. The total number of shares of Preferred Stock authorized to be issued is Twelve Million Five Hundred Twenty Thousand Three Hundred Eighty Nine (12,520,389), par value $0.01 per share.

B. Rights, Preferences and Restrictions of Preferred Stock. The Preferred Stock authorized by this Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation may be issued from time to time in one or more series. The relative rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions granted to and imposed on the Preferred Stock, which class shall consist of Five Million Seven Hundred Nine Thousand Six Hundred Thirty Eight (5,709,638) of which are designated as “Series A Preferred Stock”, Five Hundred Seventy Thousand Three Hundred Forty Four (570,344) of which are designated as “Series A-1 Preferred Stock,” Three Million Five Hundred Thousand (3,500,000) of which are designated as “Series B Preferred Stock,” and Two Million Seven Hundred Forty Thousand Four Hundred Seven (2,740,407) of which are designated as “Series C Preferred Stock,” are as set forth below in this Article IV(B).

1. Dividend Provisions.

(a) The holders of shares of Series C Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive dividends, out of any assets legally available therefor, prior and in preference to any declaration or payment of any dividend (payable other than in Common Stock or other securities and rights convertible into or entitling the holder thereof to receive, directly or indirectly, additional shares of Common Stock of this corporation) on the Series A Preferred Stock, Series A-1 Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock and Common Stock of this corporation, at a rate of $0.51 per annum for each share of Series C Preferred Stock (as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, subdivisions, recapitalizations and the like). The holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive dividends, out of any assets legally available therefor, prior and in preference to any declaration or payment of any dividend (payable other than in Common Stock or other securities and rights convertible into or entitling the holder thereof to receive, directly or indirectly, additional shares of Common Stock of this corporation) on the Series A Preferred Stock, Series A-1 Preferred Stock and Common Stock of this corporation at a rate of $0.16 per annum for each share of Series B Preferred Stock (as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, subdivisions, recapitalizations and the like). The holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock and Series A-1 Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive dividends, on a pari passu basis, out of any assets legally available therefor, prior and in preference to any declaration or payment of any dividend (payable other

 

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than in Common Stock or other securities and rights convertible into or entitling the holder thereof to receive, directly or indirectly, additional shares of Common Stock of this corporation) on the Common Stock of this corporation at a rate of $0.09 per annum for each share of Series A Preferred Stock and $0.11 per annum for each share of Series A-1 Preferred Stock (in each case, as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, subdivisions, recapitalizations and the like). Dividends are payable when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors. Such dividends shall not be cumulative.

(b) After payment of such dividends, any additional dividends or distributions shall be distributed among all holders of Common Stock and Preferred Stock in proportion to the number of shares of Common Stock that would be held by each such holder if all shares of Preferred Stock were converted to Common Stock at the then effective conversion rate.

2. Liquidation Preference.

(a) In the event of any Liquidation Event (as defined below), either voluntary or involuntary, the holders of shares of Series C Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of the proceeds of such Liquidation Event (the “Proceeds”) to the holders of Series A Preferred Stock, Series A-1 Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock and Common Stock by reason of their ownership thereof, an amount equal to the Original Issue Price (as defined below) for each share of Series C Preferred Stock then held by them, plus declared but unpaid dividends on such share. If, upon the occurrence of such event, the Proceeds thus distributed among the holders of the Series C Preferred Stock shall be insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full aforesaid preferential amounts, then the entire Proceeds legally available for distribution shall be distributed ratably among the holders of the Series C Preferred Stock in proportion to the full preferential amount that each such holder is otherwise entitled to receive under this subsection (a).

(b) In the event of any Liquidation Event (as defined below), either voluntary or involuntary, the holders of shares of Series B Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of the Proceeds to the holders of Series A Preferred Stock, Series A-1 Preferred Stock and Common Stock by reason of their ownership thereof, an amount the Original Issue Price (as defined below) for each share of Series B Preferred Stock then held by them, plus declared but unpaid dividends on such share. If, upon the occurrence of such event, the Proceeds thus distributed among the holders of the Series B Preferred Stock shall be insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full aforesaid preferential amounts, then the entire Proceeds legally available for distribution shall be distributed ratably among the holders of the Series B Preferred Stock in proportion to the full preferential amount that each such holder is otherwise entitled to receive under this subsection (b).

(c) Upon completion of the distribution required by subsections (a) and (b) of this Section 2, the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock and Series A-1 Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, on a pari passu basis prior and in preference to any distribution of the Proceeds to the holders of Common Stock by reason of their ownership thereof, an amount equal to the Original Issue Price (as defined below) for each share of Series A

 

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Preferred Stock then held by them and an amount equal to the Original Issue Price (as defined below) for each share of Series A-1 Preferred Stock then held by them, plus declared but unpaid dividends on each such share. If, upon the occurrence of such event, the Proceeds thus distributed among the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock and the Series A-1 Preferred Stock shall be insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full aforesaid preferential amounts, then the entire Proceeds legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock and the Series A-1 Preferred Stock shall be distributed ratably among the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock and the Series A-1 Preferred Stock in proportion to the full preferential amount that each such holder is otherwise entitled to receive under this subsection (c). For purposes of this Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, “Original Issue Price” shall mean $1.17 per share for each share of the Series A Preferred Stock (as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, subdivisions, recapitalizations or the like with respect to such series of Preferred Stock), $1.315 per share for each share of the Series A-1 Preferred Stock (as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, subdivisions, recapitalizations or the like with respect to such series of Preferred Stock), $2.00 per share for each share of the Series B Preferred Stock (as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, subdivisions, recapitalizations or the like with respect to such series of Preferred Stock) and $6.34 per share for each share of the Series C Preferred Stock (as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, subdivisions, recapitalizations or the like with respect to such series of Preferred Stock).

(d) Upon completion of the distribution required by subsections (a), (b) and (c) of this Section 2, all of the remaining Proceeds shall be distributed among the holders of Preferred Stock and Common Stock pro rata based on the number of shares of Common Stock held by each (assuming full conversion of all such Preferred Stock).

(e) Notwithstanding the above, for purposes of determining the amount each holder of shares of Preferred Stock is entitled to receive with respect to a Liquidation Event, each such holder of shares of a series of Preferred Stock shall be deemed to have converted (regardless of whether such holder has actually converted) such holder’s shares of such series into shares of Common Stock immediately prior to the Liquidation Event if, as a result of an actual conversion, such holder would receive, in the aggregate, an amount greater than the amount that would be distributed to such holder if such holder did not convert such series of Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock. If any such holder shall be deemed to have converted shares of Preferred Stock into Common Stock pursuant to this subsection (e), then such holder shall not be entitled to receive any distribution that would otherwise be made to holders of Preferred Stock that have not converted (or have not been deemed to have converted) into shares of Common Stock.

(f) (i) For purposes of this Section 2, a “Liquidation Event” shall include (A) the closing of the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of this corporation’s assets, (B) the consummation of the merger or consolidation of this corporation with or into another entity (except a merger or consolidation in which the holders of capital stock of this corporation immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continue to hold at least 50% of the voting power of the capital stock of this corporation or the surviving or acquiring entity), (C) the closing of the transfer (whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise), in one transaction or a series of related transactions, to a person or group of affiliated persons (other

 

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than an underwriter of this corporation’s securities), of this corporation’s securities if, after such closing, such person or group of affiliated persons would hold 50% or more of the outstanding voting stock of this corporation (or the surviving or acquiring entity) or (D) a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of this corporation; provided, however, that a transaction shall not constitute a Liquidation Event if its sole purpose is to change the state of this corporation’s incorporation or to create a holding company that will be owned in substantially the same proportions by the persons who held this corporation’s securities immediately prior to such transaction. The treatment of any particular transaction or series of related transactions as a Liquidation Event may be waived by the vote or written consent of the holders of two thirds of the outstanding Preferred Stock (voting together as a single class and on an as converted to Common Stock basis).

(ii) In any Liquidation Event, if Proceeds received by this corporation or its stockholders are other than cash, its value will be deemed its fair market value, as mutually determined by the Board of Directors and the holders of at least two thirds of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of Preferred Stock (voting together as a single class and on an as converted to Common Stock basis); provided that any securities shall be valued as follows:

(A) Securities not subject to investment letter or other similar restrictions on free marketability covered by (B) below:

(1) If traded on a securities exchange or through the Nasdaq National Market, the value shall be deemed to be the average of the closing prices of the securities on such exchange or system over the twenty (20) trading-day period ending three (3) trading days prior to the closing of the Liquidation Event;

(2) If actively traded over-the-counter, the value shall be deemed to be the average of the closing bid or sale prices (whichever is applicable) over the twenty (20) trading-day period ending three (3) trading days prior to the closing of the Liquidation Event; and

(3) If there is no active public market, the value shall be the fair market value thereof, as mutually determined by the Board of Directors and the holders of at least two thirds of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of Preferred Stock (voting together as a single class and on an as converted to Common Stock basis).

(B) The method of valuation of securities subject to investment letter or other restrictions on free marketability (other than restrictions arising solely by virtue of a stockholder’s status as an affiliate or former affiliate) shall be to make an appropriate discount from the market value determined as above in (A) (1), (2) or (3) to reflect the approximate fair market value thereof, as mutually determined by the Board of Directors and the holders of at least a majority of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of such Preferred Stock (voting together as a single class and on an as converted to Common Stock basis).

 

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(C) The foregoing methods for valuing non-cash consideration to be distributed in connection with a Liquidation Event may be superseded by any determination of such value set forth in the definitive agreements governing such Liquidation Event.

(iii) In the event the requirements of this Section 2 are not complied with, this corporation shall forthwith either:

(A) cause the closing of such Liquidation Event to be postponed until such time as the requirements of this Section 2 have been complied with; or

(B) cancel such transaction, in which event the rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of the Preferred Stock shall revert to and be the same as such rights, preferences and privileges existing immediately prior to the date of the first notice referred to in subsection 2(f)(iv) hereof.

(iv) This corporation shall give each holder of record of shares of Preferred Stock written notice of such impending Liquidation Event not later than twenty (20) days prior to the stockholders’ meeting called to approve such transaction, or twenty (20) days prior to the closing of such transaction, whichever is earlier, and shall also notify such holders in writing of the final approval of such transaction. The first of such notices shall describe the material terms and conditions of the impending transaction and the provisions of this Section 2, and this corporation shall thereafter give such holders prompt notice of any material changes. The transaction shall in no event take place sooner than twenty (20) days after this corporation has given the first notice provided for herein or sooner than ten (10) days after this corporation has given notice of any material changes provided for herein; provided, however, that subject to compliance with the General Corporation Law such periods may be shortened or waived upon the written consent of the holders of Preferred Stock that represent at least two thirds of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of such Preferred Stock (voting together as a single class and on an as converted to Common Stock basis).

3. Redemption. The Preferred Stock is not redeemable at the option of the holder thereof.

4. Conversion. The holders of the Preferred Stock shall have conversion rights as follows (the “Conversion Rights”):

(a) Right to Convert. Each share of Preferred Stock shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time after the date of issuance of such share, at the office of this corporation or any transfer agent for such stock, into such number of fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock as is determined by dividing the applicable Original Issue Price for such series by the applicable Conversion Price for such series (the conversion rate for a series of Preferred Stock into Common Stock is referred to herein as the “Conversion Rate” for such series), determined as hereafter provided, in effect on the date the certificate is surrendered for conversion. The initial Conversion Price per share for each series of Preferred Stock shall be the Original Issue Price applicable to such series; provided,

 

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however, that the Conversion Price for the Preferred Stock shall be subject to adjustment as set forth in subsection 4(d).

(b) Automatic Conversion.

(i) Each share of Series C Preferred Stock shall automatically be converted into shares of Common Stock at the Conversion Rate at the time in effect for such series of Preferred Stock immediately upon the earlier of (A) this corporation’s sale of its Common Stock in a firm commitment underwritten public offering pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 or Form SB-2 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the public offering price of which represents a post-offering valuation (on a fully diluted basis) of at least $150,000,000 and was not less than $25,000,000 in the aggregate (a “Qualified Public Offering”) and (B) the date specified by written consent or agreement of the holders of two thirds of the then outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock.

(ii) Each share of Series B Preferred Stock, Series A-1 Preferred Stock and Series A Preferred Stock shall automatically be converted into shares of Common Stock at the Conversion Rate at the time in effect for such series of Preferred Stock immediately upon the earlier of (A) a Qualified Public Offering and (B) the date specified by written consent or agreement of the holders of two thirds of the then outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock, Series A-1 Preferred Stock and Series A Preferred Stock, voting together as a single class on an as-converted basis.

(c) Mechanics of Conversion. Before any holder of Preferred Stock shall be entitled to voluntarily convert the same into shares of Common Stock, he or she shall surrender the certificate or certificates therefor, duly endorsed, at the office of this corporation or of any transfer agent for the Preferred Stock, and shall give written notice to this corporation at its principal corporate office of the election to convert the same and shall state therein the name or names in which the certificate or certificates for shares of Common Stock are to be issued. This corporation shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, issue and deliver at such office to such holder of Preferred Stock, or to the nominee or nominees of such holder, a certificate or certificates for the number of shares of Common Stock to which such holder shall be entitled as aforesaid. Such conversion shall be deemed to have been made immediately prior to the close of business on the date of such surrender of the shares of Preferred Stock to be converted, and the person or persons entitled to receive the shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such shares of Common Stock as of such date. If the conversion is in connection with an underwritten offering of securities registered pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the conversion may, at the option of any holder tendering Preferred Stock for conversion, be conditioned upon the closing with the underwriters of the sale of securities pursuant to such offering, in which event the persons entitled to receive the Common Stock upon conversion of the Preferred Stock shall not be deemed to have converted such Preferred Stock until immediately prior to the closing of such sale of securities. If the conversion is in connection with the Automatic Conversion provisions of subsection 4(b) above, such conversion shall be deemed to have been made, whether or not such stockholder surrenders its stock certificate, on the conversion date described in the stockholder consent approving such conversion, and the persons entitled to receive shares of

 

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Common Stock issuable upon such conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the record holders of such shares of Common Stock as of such date.

(d) Conversion Price Adjustments of Preferred Stock for Certain Dilutive Issuances, Splits and Combinations. The Conversion Price of the Preferred Stock shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as follows:

(i) (A) If this corporation shall issue, on or after the date upon which this Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation is accepted for filing by the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the “Filing Date”), any Additional Stock (as defined below) without consideration or for a consideration per share less than the Conversion Price applicable to a series of Preferred Stock in effect immediately prior to the issuance of such Additional Stock, the Conversion Price for such series in effect immediately prior to each such issuance shall forthwith (except as otherwise provided in this clause (i)) be adjusted to a price determined by multiplying such Conversion Price by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of shares of Common Stock Outstanding (as defined below) immediately prior to such issuance plus the number of shares of Common Stock that the aggregate consideration received by this corporation for such issuance would purchase at such Conversion Price; and the denominator of which shall be the number of shares of Common Stock Outstanding (as defined below) immediately prior to such issuance plus the number of shares of such Additional Stock so issued. For purposes of this Section 4(d), the term “Common Stock Outstanding” shall mean and include the following: (1) outstanding Common Stock, (2) Common Stock issuable upon conversion of outstanding Preferred Stock, (3) Common Stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and (4) Common Stock issuable upon exercise (and, in the case of warrants to purchase shares of Preferred Stock, conversion) of outstanding warrants. Shares described in (1) through (4) above shall be included whether vested or unvested, whether contingent or non-contingent and whether exercisable or not yet exercisable.

(B) No adjustment of the Conversion Price for the Preferred Stock shall be made in an amount less than one cent per share, provided that any adjustments that are not required to be made by reason of this sentence shall be carried forward and shall be either taken into account in any subsequent adjustment made prior to three (3) years from the date of the event giving rise to the adjustment being carried forward, or shall be made at the end of three (3) years from the date of the event giving rise to the adjustment being carried forward. Except to the limited extent provided for in subsections 4(d)(i)(E)(3) and (E)(4), no adjustment of such Conversion Price pursuant to this subsection 4(d)(i) shall have the effect of increasing the Conversion Price above the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such adjustment.

(C) In the case of the issuance of Additional Stock for cash, the consideration shall be deemed to be the amount of cash paid therefor before deducting any discounts, commissions or other expenses allowed, paid or incurred by this corporation for any underwriting or otherwise in connection with the issuance and sale thereof.

 

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(D) In the case of the issuance of the Additional Stock for a consideration in whole or in part other than cash, the consideration other than cash shall be deemed to be the fair market value thereof as determined by the Board of Directors irrespective of any accounting treatment.

(E) In the case of the issuance of options to purchase or rights to subscribe for Common Stock, securities by their terms convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock or options to purchase or rights to subscribe for such convertible or exchangeable securities, the following provisions shall apply for purposes of determining the number of shares of Additional Stock issued and the consideration paid therefor:

(1) The aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock deliverable upon exercise (assuming the satisfaction of any conditions to exercisability, including without limitation, the passage of time, but without taking into account potential antidilution adjustments) of such options to purchase or rights to subscribe for Common Stock shall be deemed to have been issued at the time such options or rights were issued and for a consideration equal to the consideration (determined in the manner provided in subsections 4(d)(i)(C) and (d)(i)(D) above), if any, received by this corporation upon the issuance of such options or rights plus the minimum exercise price provided in such options or rights (without taking into account potential antidilution adjustments) for the Common Stock covered thereby.

(2) The aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock deliverable upon conversion of, or in exchange (assuming the satisfaction of any conditions to convertibility or exchangeability, including, without limitation, the passage of time, but without taking into account potential antidilution adjustments) for, any such convertible or exchangeable securities or upon the exercise of options to purchase or rights to subscribe for such convertible or exchangeable securities and subsequent conversion or exchange thereof shall be deemed to have been issued at the time such securities were issued or such options or rights were issued and for a consideration equal to the consideration, if any, received by this corporation for any such securities and related options or rights (excluding any cash received on account of accrued interest or accrued dividends), plus the minimum additional consideration, if any, to be received by this corporation (without taking into account potential antidilution adjustments) upon the conversion or exchange of such securities or the exercise of any related options or rights (the consideration in each case to be determined in the manner provided in subsections 4(d)(i)(C) and (d)(i)(D)).

(3) In the event of any change in the number of shares of Common Stock deliverable or in the consideration payable to this corporation upon exercise of such options or rights or upon conversion of or in exchange for such convertible or exchangeable securities, the Conversion Price of the Preferred Stock, to the extent in any way affected by or computed using such options, rights or securities, shall be recomputed to reflect such change, but no further adjustment shall be made for the actual issuance of Common Stock or any payment of such consideration upon the exercise of any such options or rights or the conversion or exchange of such securities.

(4) Upon the expiration of any such options or rights, the termination of any such rights to convert or exchange or the expiration of any options

 

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or rights related to such convertible or exchangeable securities, the Conversion Price of the Preferred Stock, to the extent in any way affected by or computed using such options, rights or securities or options or rights related to such securities, shall be recomputed to reflect the issuance of only the number of shares of Common Stock (and convertible or exchangeable securities that remain in effect) actually issued upon the exercise of such options or rights, upon the conversion or exchange of such securities or upon the exercise of the options or rights related to such securities.

(5) The number of shares of Additional Stock deemed issued and the consideration deemed paid therefor pursuant to subsections 4(d)(i)(E)(1) and (2) shall be appropriately adjusted to reflect any change, termination or expiration of the type described in either subsection 4(d)(i)(E)(3) or (4).

(ii) “Additional Stock” shall mean any shares of Common Stock issued (or deemed to have been issued pursuant to subsection 4(d)(i)(E)) by this corporation on or after the Filing Date other than:

(A) Common Stock issued pursuant to a transaction described in subsection 4(d)(iii) hereof;

(B) up to 3,078,239 shares of Common Stock (excluding shares repurchased at cost by this corporation in connection with the termination of service) issued to employees, directors, consultants and other service providers for the primary purpose of soliciting or retaining their services pursuant to stock option or stock purchase plans or other agreements approved by this corporation’s Board of Directors, or such greater number as is approved by this corporation’s Board of Directors, including the approval of at least two (2) of the Investor Directors;

(C) Common Stock issued pursuant to a Qualified Public Offering;

(D) Common Stock issued pursuant to the conversion or exercise of convertible or exercisable securities outstanding on the Filing Date, including, without limitation, the conversion of interest pursuant to that certain Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement dated November 18, 2002 and those certain promissory notes issued in connection therewith;

(E) Common Stock issued upon conversion of the Preferred Stock;

(F) Common Stock issued in connection with a bona fide business acquisition of this corporation that constitutes a Liquidation Event, whether by merger, consolidation, sale of assets, sale or exchange of stock or otherwise and permitted pursuant to the terms of Section 6 hereof, and Common Stock issued to sellers as purchase price in connection with acquisitions of other entities;

(G) Common Stock issued or deemed issued pursuant to subsection 4(d)(i)(E) as a result of a decrease in the Conversion Price of any series of Preferred

 

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Stock resulting from the operation of this Section 4(d) or as a result of an increase in the number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the antidilution provisions of any other convertible security issued by this corporation; or

(H) Shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to any equipment leasing arrangement or debt financing from a bank or similar institution approved by the Board of Directors; provided that such financing is primarily for non-equity purposes.

(iii) In the event this corporation should at any time or from time to time after the Filing Date fix a record date for the effectuation of a split or subdivision of the outstanding shares of Common Stock or the determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive a dividend or other distribution payable in additional shares of Common Stock or other securities or rights convertible into, or entitling the holder thereof to receive directly or indirectly, additional shares of Common Stock (hereinafter referred to as “Common Stock Equivalents”) without payment of any consideration by such holder for the additional shares of Common Stock or the Common Stock Equivalents (including the additional shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion or exercise thereof), then, as of such record date (or the date of such dividend, distribution, split or subdivision if no record date is fixed), the Conversion Price of each series of the Preferred Stock shall be appropriately decreased so that the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on conversion of each share of such series shall be increased in proportion to such increase of the aggregate of shares of Common Stock outstanding and those issuable with respect to such Common Stock Equivalents with the number of shares issuable with respect to Common Stock Equivalents determined from time to time in the manner provided for deemed issuances in subsection 4(d)(i)(E).

(iv) If the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at any time after the Filing Date is decreased by a combination of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, then, following the record date of such combination, the Conversion Price for each series of the Preferred Stock shall be appropriately increased so that the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on conversion of each share of such series shall be decreased in proportion to such decrease in outstanding shares.

(e) Other Distributions. In the event this corporation shall declare a distribution payable in securities of other persons, evidences of indebtedness issued by this corporation or other persons, assets (excluding cash dividends) or options or rights not referred to in subsection 4(d)(iii) above, then, in each such case for the purpose of this subsection 4(e), the holders of the Preferred Stock shall be entitled to a proportionate share of any such distribution as though they were the holders of the number of shares of Common Stock of this corporation into which their shares of Preferred Stock are convertible as of the record date fixed for the determination of the holders of Common Stock of this corporation entitled to receive such distribution.

(f) Recapitalizations. If at any time or from time to time there shall be a recapitalization of the Common Stock (other than a subdivision, combination or merger or sale of assets transaction provided for elsewhere in this Section 4 or in Section 2) provision shall be made so that the holders of the Preferred Stock shall thereafter be entitled to receive upon conversion of the Preferred Stock the number of shares of stock or other securities or property of

 

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this corporation or otherwise, to which a holder of Common Stock deliverable upon conversion would have been entitled on such recapitalization. In any such case, appropriate adjustment shall be made in the application of the provisions of this Section 4 with respect to the rights of the holders of the Preferred Stock after the recapitalization to the end that the provisions of this Section 4 (including adjustment of the Conversion Price then in effect and the number of shares purchasable upon conversion of the Preferred Stock) shall be applicable after that event as nearly equivalently as may be practicable.

(g) No Fractional Shares and Certificate as to Adjustments.

(i) No fractional shares shall be issued upon the conversion of any share or shares of the Preferred Stock and the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock to be issued to particular stockholders shall be rounded down to the nearest whole share and this corporation shall pay in cash the fair market value of any fractional shares as of the time when entitlement to receive such fractions is determined (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors). Whether or not fractional shares would be issuable upon such conversion shall be determined on the basis of the total number of shares of Preferred Stock the holder is at the time converting into Common Stock and the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion.

(ii) Upon the occurrence of each adjustment or readjustment of the Conversion Price of Preferred Stock pursuant to this Section 4, this corporation, at its expense, shall promptly compute such adjustment or readjustment in accordance with the terms hereof and prepare and furnish to each holder of Preferred Stock a certificate setting forth such adjustment or readjustment and showing in detail the facts upon which such adjustment or readjustment is based. This corporation shall, upon the written request at any time of any holder of Preferred Stock, furnish or cause to be furnished to such holder a like certificate setting forth (A) such adjustment and readjustment, (B) the Conversion Price for such series of Preferred Stock at the time in effect and (C) the number of shares of Common Stock and the amount, if any, of other property that at the time would be received upon the conversion of a share of Preferred Stock.

(h) Notices of Record Date. In the event of any taking by this corporation of a record of the holders of any class of securities for the purpose of determining the holders thereof who are entitled to receive any dividend (other than a cash dividend) or other distribution, this corporation shall mail to each holder of Preferred Stock, at least ten (10) days prior to the date specified therein, a notice specifying the date on which any such record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend or distribution, and the amount and character of such dividend or distribution.

(i) Reservation of Stock Issuable Upon Conversion. This corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the shares of the Preferred Stock, such number of its shares of Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding shares of the Preferred Stock; and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding shares of the Preferred Stock, in addition to such other remedies as shall

 

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be available to the holder of such Preferred Stock, this corporation will take such corporate action as may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes, including, without limitation, engaging in best efforts to obtain the requisite stockholder approval of any necessary amendment to this Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.

(j) Notices. Any notice required by the provisions of this Section 4 to be given to the holders of shares of Preferred Stock shall be deemed given (a) upon personal delivery to the party to be notified, (b) one (1) business day after confirmation sent by facsimile transmission, (c) one (1) business day after the business day of deposit with a nationally recognized overnight courier service for next day delivery, freight prepaid, or (d) three (3) business days after deposit with the United States Post Office for delivery by first class, registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, and addressed to the holder of record at his address appearing on the books of this corporation.

(k) Waiver of Adjustment to Conversion Price. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any downward adjustment of the Conversion Price of any series of Preferred Stock may be waived, either prospectively or retroactively and either generally or in a particular instance, by the consent or vote of the holders of (i) in the case of the Series A Preferred Stock and Series A-1 Preferred Stock, at least two thirds of the outstanding shares of Preferred Stock of such series, (ii) in the case of the Series B Preferred Stock, at least sixty percent (60%) of the outstanding shares of Preferred Stock of such series and (iii) in the case of the Series C Preferred Stock, at least fifty-five percent (55%) of the outstanding shares of Preferred Stock of such series. Any such waiver shall bind all future holders of shares of such series of Preferred Stock.

5. Voting Rights.

(a) General Voting Rights. The holder of each share of Preferred Stock shall have the right to one vote for each share of Common Stock into which such shares of Preferred Stock could then be converted, and with respect to such vote, such holder shall have full voting rights and powers equal to the voting rights and powers of the holders of Common Stock and shall be entitled, notwithstanding any provision hereof, to notice of any stockholders’ meeting in accordance with the Bylaws of this corporation, and except as provided in subsection 5(b) below with respect to the election of directors by the separate class vote of the holders of Common Stock, shall be entitled to vote, together with holders of Common Stock, with respect to any question upon which holders of Common Stock have the right to vote. Fractional votes shall not, however, be permitted and any fractional voting rights available on an as-converted to Common Stock basis (after aggregating all shares into which shares of Preferred Stock held by each holder could be converted) shall be rounded to the nearest whole number (with one-half being rounded upward).

(b) Voting for the Election of Directors. As long as one third of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock originally issued remain outstanding, the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to elect two (2) directors of this corporation at any election of directors (the “Series A Directors”). As long as at least one-third of the shares of Series B Preferred Stock originally issued remain outstanding, the

 

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holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock shall be entitled to elect one (1) director of this corporation at any election of directors (the “Series B Director”). As long as at one-third of the shares of Series C Preferred Stock originally issued remain outstanding, the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock shall be entitled to elect one (1) director of this corporation at any election of directors (the “Series C Director,” and together with the Series A Directors and the Series B Director, the “Investor Directors”). The holders of outstanding Common Stock shall be entitled to elect one (1) director of this corporation at any election of directors. The holders of at least a majority of the Preferred Stock and Common Stock (voting together as a single class and not as separate series, and on an as-converted to Common Stock basis) shall be entitled to elect any remaining directors of this corporation.

Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 223(a)(1) and 223(a)(2) of the General Corporation Law, any vacancy, including newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors or amendment of this Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, and vacancies created by removal or resignation of a director, may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and the directors so chosen shall hold office until the next annual election and until their successors are duly elected and shall qualify, unless sooner displaced; provided, however, that where such vacancy occurs among the directors elected by the holders of a class or series of stock, the holders of shares of such class or series may override the Board’s action to fill such vacancy by (i) voting for their own designee to fill such vacancy at a meeting of the Company’s stockholders or (ii) written consent, if the consenting stockholders hold a sufficient number of shares to elect their designee at a meeting of the stockholders. Any director elected as provided in the immediately preceding sentence hereof may be removed during the aforesaid term of office, either with or without cause, by, and only by, the affirmative vote of the holders of the shares of the class or series of stock entitled to elect such director or directors, given either at a special meeting of such stockholders duly called for that purpose or pursuant to a written consent of stockholders, and any vacancy thereby created may be filled by the holders of that class or series of stock represented at the meeting or pursuant to written consent.

6. Protective Provisions.

(a) So long as any shares of Series B Preferred Stock remain outstanding, this corporation shall not (by amendment, merger, consolidation or otherwise) without first obtaining the approval (by vote or written consent, as provided by law) of the holders of at least sixty percent (60%) of the then outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock (voting separately, as a single class, on an as-converted to Common Stock basis):

(i) alter or change the rights, preferences or privileges, or restrictions provided for the benefit, of the shares of Series B Preferred Stock so as to affect adversely the shares;

(ii) increase or decrease (other than by redemption or conversion) the total number of authorized shares of Series B Preferred Stock; or

 

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(iii) amend this corporation’s Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws so as to affect adversely the shares of Series B Preferred Stock.

(b) So long as any shares of Series C Preferred Stock remain outstanding, this corporation shall not (by amendment, merger, consolidation or otherwise) without first obtaining the approval (by vote or written consent, as provided by law) of at least fifty-five percent (55%) of the then outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock (voting separately, as a single class, on an as-converted to Common Stock basis):

(i) redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire (or pay into or set aside for a sinking fund for such purpose) any share or shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock; provided, however, that this restriction shall not apply to the repurchase of shares of Common Stock from employees, officers, directors, consultants or other persons performing services for this corporation or any subsidiary pursuant to agreements under which this corporation has the option to repurchase such shares upon the occurrence of certain events, such as the termination of employment or service, or pursuant to a right of first refusal;

(ii) alter or change the rights, preferences or privileges, or restrictions provided for the benefit, of the shares of Series C Preferred Stock so as to affect adversely the shares;

(iii) increase or decrease (other than by redemption or conversion) the total number of authorized shares of Series C Preferred Stock;

(iv) authorize or issue, or obligate itself to issue, or reclassify any equity security (including any other security convertible into or exercisable for any such equity security) having a preference over, or being on a parity with, the Series C Preferred Stock with respect to dividends, liquidation, redemption, voting, or conversion rights, other than (A) the issuance of any authorized but unissued shares of Series C Preferred Stock designated in this Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including any security convertible into or exercisable for such shares of Preferred Stock) and issued pursuant to that certain Series C Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement dated on or about the Filing Date or (B) the issuance of any authorized but unissued shares of Series A Preferred Stock designated in this Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including any security convertible into or exercisable for such shares of Preferred Stock) and issued pursuant to the Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement dated November 18, 2002; or

(v) amend this corporation’s Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws so as to affect adversely the shares of Series C Preferred Stock.

(c) So long as any shares of Preferred Stock remain outstanding, this corporation shall not (by amendment, merger, consolidation or otherwise) without first obtaining the approval (by vote or written consent, as provided by law) of the holders of at least a majority of the then outstanding shares of Preferred Stock (voting together as a single class and on an as-converted basis):

 

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(i) consummate a Liquidation Event;

(ii) increase or decrease (other than by redemption or conversion) the total number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock;

(iii) change the principal business of the Company or enter into a new, unrelated line of business or exit the current line of business;

(iv) redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire (or pay into or set aside for a sinking fund for such purpose) any share or shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock; provided, however, that this restriction shall not apply to the repurchase of shares of Common Stock from employees, officers, directors, consultants or other persons performing services for this corporation or any subsidiary pursuant to agreements under which this corporation has the option to repurchase such shares upon the occurrence of certain events, such as the termination of employment or service, or pursuant to a right of first refusal;

(v) declare or pay a dividend on any shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock;

(vi) amend this corporation’s Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws so as to adversely affect the shares of Preferred Stock; or

(vii) change current authorized number of directors of this corporation from seven (7) directors; provided, however, that the number of directors may be increased to nine (9) upon the approval of this corporation’s Board of Directors including the approval of all of the Investor Directors;

(viii) enter into any joint venture or other similar arrangement involving payments to or by this corporation exceeding $2,500,000 unless otherwise approved by the Board, including a majority of the Investor Directors; or

(ix) authorize, create, assume or become liable for, at any time after the Filing Date, aggregate indebtedness that exceeds $2,500,000 other than trade debt in the ordinary course of business and indebtedness that is otherwise approved by the Board, including a majority of the Investor Directors.

7. Status of Converted Stock. In the event any shares of Preferred Stock shall be converted pursuant to Section 4 hereof, the shares so converted shall be cancelled and shall not be issuable by this corporation. The Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation shall be appropriately amended to effect the corresponding reduction in this corporation’s authorized capital stock.

C. Common Stock. The rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions granted to and imposed on the Common Stock are as set forth below in this Article IV(C).

1. Dividend Rights. Subject to the prior rights of holders of all classes of stock at the time outstanding having prior rights as to dividends, the holders of the Common Stock shall be entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors, out of any

 

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assets of this corporation legally available therefor, any dividends as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors.

2. Liquidation Rights. Upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of this corporation, the assets of this corporation shall be distributed as provided in Section 2 of Article IV(B) hereof.

3. Redemption. The Common Stock is not redeemable at the option of the holder.

4. Voting Rights. The holder of each share of Common Stock shall have the right to one vote for each such share, and shall be entitled to notice of any stockholders’ meeting in accordance with the Bylaws of this corporation, and shall be entitled to vote upon such matters and in such manner as may be provided by law. The number of authorized shares of Common Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the stock of this corporation entitled to vote, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the General Corporation Law.

ARTICLE V

Except as otherwise provided in this Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, in furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized to make, repeal, alter, amend and rescind any or all of the Bylaws of this corporation.

ARTICLE VI

The number of directors of this corporation shall be determined in the manner set forth in the Bylaws of this corporation.

ARTICLE VII

Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws of this corporation shall so provide.

ARTICLE VIII

Meetings of stockholders may be held within or without the State of Delaware, as the Bylaws of this corporation may provide. The books of this corporation may be kept (subject to any provision contained in the statutes) outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or in the Bylaws of this corporation.

ARTICLE IX

A director of this corporation shall not be personally liable to this corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except for

 

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liability (i) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to this corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) under Section 174 of the General Corporation Law, or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived any improper personal benefit. If the General Corporation Law is amended after approval by the stockholders of this Article IX to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of this corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law as so amended.

Any repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Article IX by the stockholders of this corporation shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of this corporation existing at the time of, or increase the liability of any director of this corporation with respect to any acts or omissions of such director occurring prior to, such repeal or modification.

ARTICLE X

This corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision contained in this Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute, and all rights conferred upon stockholders herein are granted subject to this reservation.

ARTICLE XI

To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, this corporation is authorized to provide indemnification of (and advancement of expenses to) agents of this corporation (and any other persons to which General Corporation Law permits this corporation to provide indemnification) through Bylaw provisions, agreements with such agents or other persons, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, in excess of the indemnification and advancement otherwise permitted by Section 145 of the General Corporation Law, subject only to limits created by applicable General Corporation Law (statutory or non-statutory), with respect to actions for breach of duty to this corporation, its stockholders, and others.

Any amendment, repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Article XI shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director, officer, agent, or other person existing at the time of, or increase the liability of any director of this corporation with respect to any acts or omissions of such director, officer or agent occurring prior to, such amendment, repeal or modification.

THIRD: The foregoing amendment and restatement was approved by the holders of the requisite number of shares of said corporation in accordance with Section 228 of the General Corporation Law.

FOURTH: That said Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, which restates and integrates and further amends the provisions of this corporation’s Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, has been duly adopted in accordance with Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law.

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation on this 19th day of October, 2006.

 

/s/ Ron Frankel

Ron Frankel, President

 

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