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II  Evaluation of the Guaduas Field in Middle/Upper Magdalena Valley 

The Guaduas field is located in the Dindal and Rio Seco Blocks. It covers 30,665 acres in the Middle Magdalena Valley and is approximately 62 miles northwest of the City of Bogota. The Company purchased 90.6% working interest in this property from SiPetrol S.A. on July 6, 2006 and became the operator. The remaining 9.4% working interest belongs to Cimarrona Oil & Gas. The oil and gas production are subject to a 20% royalty rate.

Geology. Discovery, and Production of the Guaduas Field

The Guaduas field is located in the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin on the west flank of the Guaduas syncline and is a hanging-wall anticlinal feature created by the movement of the Honda thrust. The Guaduas field was discovered in 1996 by GHK Company, LLC of Oklahoma from the drilling of the El Segundo-IE well and was placed on production later that year through an extended production test. Production is from the late Cretaceous Cimarrona formation, which is a sequence of alternating clastic and carbonate rocks deposited in a transitional marine environment. The Cimarrona formation in the uaduas field is composed of fractured limestone and calcareous sandstone, interbedded with calcareous shale and siltstones.

The Guaduas closure to the north, south and west is structural in nature, while the eastern closure is based on a facies change. The deposit environment is marine to transitional. In the area of the Guaduas field, wells encountered Cimarrona thickness between 230 and 350 feet. During exploration, it was discovered that hydrocarbon accumulations are controlled by the presence of fractures and limited almost exclusively to the fractures. Development focused on fracturing and evelopment of limestone and sands, drilling perpendicularly to the direction of the fractures in order to drain most of the hydrocarbons found in the fractures.

Full field development began in 2001 with production peaking in 2002 prior to declining to present day levels. In the early stages of exploration, the Cimarrona formation was identified as a clastic sequence that varied in lithology, from onglomerate sediments related to deltaic fans, canals and marine bars from coastal environments, to shallow-water limestone. Later exploration efforts resulted in the discovery that hydrocarbon accumulations in the area were controlled by the presence of fractures and limited almost exclusively to the fractures, with minimal matrix contribution. Development therefore focused on fracturing and the development of limestone and sandstone by drilling perpendicularly to the direction of the fractures in order to drain the highest percentage of hydrocarbons found in these fracture systems.

As of year-end 2010, 17 wells have been drilled with seven producing oil wells and eight non-producing oil wells, one water injection well and one gas injection well. For the purposes of this evaluation, all seven oil wells are producing and two non-producing oil wells were scheduled for workovers in 2010 but no work was done. The daily average rate for 2010 was 641 barrels of 19°API crude, 4,270 Mcf of gas and 1,076 barrels of water for the 2010 production of 234,133 barrels of oil, 1,558,595 Mcf of gas and 392,737 barrels of water. Cumulative production to December 31, 2010 was 10,990,993 barrels of oil, 22,930,983 Mcf of gas and 4,269,587 barrels of water. Wells produce through a combination of electrical submersible pumps (ESP), progressive cavity pumps (PCP) and gas lift. Produced gas is used for fuel, re-injected for pressure maintenance and gas sales. Produced water is re-injected for disposal. A review of gas-oil ratio performance indicates that gas breakthrough has occurred in a number of producing wells.

1
 

The discovery well, the El Segundo IE well, was located using the seismic database existing in 1996 that consisted only of 2-D seismic. The 2-D seismic outlining the field consists of 14 seismic profiles with separations between transversal lines of approximately three km and six km between the direction lines. The reprocessing resulted in an improvement in the frequency content, image reproduction and seismic character. There is a total of 254 km of 2-D seismic available for the area.

In view of the exploratory success with additional wells, 129 km2 of 3-D seismic was acquired. Additional reprocessing was performed on the 3-D seismic to eliminate static problems and to improve definition of seismic events of the Cimarrona Formation, to better define the faults and to visualize the reservoir's area. The 3-D seismic was used to improve mapping of the structure, defining orientation of principal faults and pin-pointing the reservoirs position, allowing for better planning of development wells. As part of an integrated reservoir study, in conjunction with the seismic reprocessing, synthetic seismograms were built relating to the area wells to improve structural interpretation of the reservoir

Reservoir Evaluation

Within the Cimarrona formation, the porosity ranges from 0 to 5% with permeability ranges from 0.01 to 1 mD. The oil is trapped in fractures. Based on petrophysical properties combined with a stratigraphic model, the Cimarrona formation is divided into the Upper Cimarrona (Flow units FU1, FU2, FU3,FU4 and FU5) and Lower Cimarrona (Flow units FU6, FU7 and FU8). The FU2 is the principal reservoir and FU4 and FU5 are considered good reservoirs

Work Program

Through infill drilling the Company plans to continue development of the field in order to maintain production decline rates as existing wells are abandoned. One highly delineated well is planned for 2010. If successful, another development well will be drilled in 2011 (see Figure II-3). Two more similar wells are planned for 2012 depending on the results of the 2010 infill drilling.

2
 

Figure II-1 Location Map of the Guaduas Field in the Middle Magdalena Valley,Colombia

 

3
 

Figure II-2 Stratigraphic Chart of the Middle Magdalena Valley 

 

 

 

4
 

Figure II-3 Guaduas Field Delineated Well Development Locations

 

 

5
 

Capital Costs

 

The total capital expenditures for the drilling of four additional wells are as follows:

 

Description Cost (in U.S. M$)
ES_2S workover to fix mechanical problem in 2011 300.0  
Drill and complete 1 deviated well in 2011 5,500.0  
Facility, location, tie-in and environmental study for 1 well in 2011 500.0  
Drill and complete 1 vertical well in 2012 3,000.0  
Facility, location, tie-in and environmental study for 1 well in 2012 500.0  
Drill and complete 2 deviated (1 vert. + 1 horiz.) wells in 2012 8,500.0  
Facility, location, tie-in and environmental study for 2 wells in 2012 1,000.0  
Total Costs 19,300.0  

The Company's share of field development costs at 90.6% working interest is equal to $17,485,800. The following is a detailed timeline for abandonment of Guaduas wells:

 

Well Name Date Well Name Date Well Name Date
TP 7W 2011 ES_1S 2021 Development Well #1 2019
TP IE 2019 TP_6E_ST2 2016 Development Well #2 2016
ES 2S 2018 ES_2E_ST1 2015 Development Well #3 2021
TP 6N 2012 ES_5N 2021 Development Well #4 2016

Operating Costs

The total 2010 operating expenses (excluding transportation) totaled $4,198,399 (100% working interest). The fixed cost was 95% of the total operating cost, resulting in $336,671 per month for the Guaduas oil field. The variable cost is 5% of the total operating cost and, based on 212,124 barrels of total oil production, the resulting cost was $4.09 per barrel. The transportation cost was $1.50 per barrel.

 

Economic Assumptions and Parameters
Working Interest 90.6%
Royalty Rate 20%
WTI Oil Price on December 31, 2010 US$91.40 per barrel
Vasconia Price on December 31, 2010 US$90.80 per barrel
Guaduas Oil Price 2010 US$89.16 per barrel
Forecast Oil Price Escalate at NYMEX futures for WTI light crude
Escalation factor for costs 4% per year based on Colombia consumer index
Contract Expiration February 2021
Operating Days estimated at 365 per year
Abandonment, salvage, clean-up $100,000/well

6
 

Reserve

Proved developed producing reserves have been assigned to seven Guaduas wells based on the production performance trends of the historical data. The following table outlines the proved developed producing reserves estimates:

 

              Estimated         Remaining to    Remaining to 
         Cumulative    Ultimate    Remaining    Contract    Economic 
         Production    Recoverable    Recoverable    Expiry    Limit 
Well Name   Category    (bbl)    (bbl)    (bbl)    (bbl)    (bbl) 
ES_1S   PDP    2,655,246    3,555,567    900,321    603,285    720,996 
ES_2E_ST1   PDP    866,099    1,006,020    139,921    72,542    72,542 
ES_5N   PDP    870,304    1,709,067    838,763    394,942    614,427 
TP_1E   PDP    1,700,124    1,937,036    236,912    143,338    143,338 
TP_6E_ST2   PUP    424,047    582,847    158,800    76,025    76.025 
TP_6N   PDP    677,368    705,958    28,590    8,673    8,673 
7P_7W   PDP    352,019    361,961    9,942    —      —   
Total        7,545,207    9,858,456    2,313,249    1,298,805    1,636,001 

(1)         Production decline analysis found in Appendix B

(2)          Cumulative production to December 31, 2010.

(3)          Estimate ultimate recoverable based on 5 bopd cutoff.

Based on surrounding production analogues and 3-D seismic interpretations, proved undeveloped reserve are assigned to two delineated infill wells (Development Well #1 & Development Well #2) in the Guaduas field (see Figure II-3).

 

              Estimated         Remaining to    Remaining to 
         Cumulative    Ultimate    Remaining    Contract    Economic 
         Production    Recoverable    Recoverable    Expiry    Limit 
Well Name   Category    (bbl)    (bbl)    (bbl)    (bbl)    (bbl) 
Development Well #1   PUD    —      1,689,233    1,689,233    1,020,346    1,020,346 
Development Well #2   PUD    —      262,377    262,377    149,259    149,259 
Total        —      1,951,610    1,951,610    1,169,605    1,169,605 

(1)          Analogue models found later in this section.

(2)          Estimate ultimate recoverable based on 15 bopd cutoff

(3)          Development Well #2 to be drilled in pressure depleted reservoir therefore lower recovery

 

              Estimated        Remaining to     Remaining to 
         Cumulative    Ultimate    Remaining   Contract    Economic 
         Production    Recoverable    Recoverable   Expiry    Limit 
Well Name   Category    (bbl)    (bbl)    (bbl)   (bbl)    (bbl) 
ES_IN   PDNP    300,985    572,808    271,823   176,154    176,154 
ES_2S   PDNP    175,191    844,631    669,440   146,791    146,791 
ES_6E_ST2   PDNP    103,862    263,642    159,780   102,713    102,713 
Total        580,038    1,681,081    1,101,043   425,658    425,658 

(1) The ES_2S reserve is based on the well coming back at the same rate it was shut-in August 2008 (see Production Forecast and Methods section).

7
 

Based on surrounding production analogs and 3-D seismic interpretations, probable undeveloped reserve is assigned to two delineated infill wells (Development Well #3 &Development Well #4) in the Guaduas field. These infill locations will offset the Development #1 and #2 wells depending on results.

              Estimated         Remaining to    Remaining to 
         Cumulative    Ultimate    Remaining    Contract    Economic 
         Production    Recoverable    Recoverable    Expiry    Limit 
Well Name   Category    (bbl)    (bbl)    (bbl)    (bbl)    (bbl) 
Development Well #3   Probable    —      1,689,233    1,689,233    1,020,129    1,020,129 
Development Well #4   Probable    —      262,377    262,377    256,677    256,677 
Total        —      1,951,610    1.951,610    1,276,806    1,276506 

(1)           Analogue models found later in this section.

(2)           Estimate ultimate recoverable based on 15 bopd cutoff

(3)           Development Well #4 to be drilled in pressure depleted reservoir therefore lower recovery

Production Forecast and Declines

The proved developed producing forecasts are based on production performance trends.

 

   PDP Initial      
   Rate in 2011    PDP Decline Rate
Well Name  (bopd)    (%/year) 
ES_IS  284.0    10.4 
ES_2E ST1  57.7    12.2 
ES_5N  152.5    6.4 
TP_1E  68.5    9.1 
TP_6E_ST2  48.2    9.1 
TP_6N  27.6    23.4 
7P_7W  18.1    37.2 

 

(1) Production decline analyses are in Appendix B.

The proved developed non-producing forecast for the ES_2S workover is based on production performance trends of the ES_2S well.

 

   PDNP Initial    PDNP Decline 
   Rate    Rate 
Well Name  (bopd)    (%/year) 
ES_2S  95.2    14.0 

The proved undeveloped and probable undeveloped forecasts are based on two analog well models. Analog Model #2 (see plot below) is for a location with initial reservoir pressure and Analog Model #1 (see Figure II-4 and II-5) is for a location within the pressure depleted reservoir.

   Initial Rate    Decline Rate 
Well Name  (bopd)    (%/year) 
Analogue Model #1  250.0    42.0 
Analogue Model #2  1,250.0    36.0 

8
 

Table II-l - Summary of Guaduas Reserve and Net Present Values    
    Heavy Oil Reserves   Before Tax NPV  
    100% Gross Net 0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Well Category (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (M$) (M$) (M$) (M$) (M$)
ES-lS Proved developed producing 603 547 437 30,297 25,240 21.565 18,816 16,703
ES-2E-ST1 Proved developed producing 73 66 53 1,740 1,620 1.518 1,430 1,354
ES-5N Proved developed producing 395 358 286 17,993 14,760 12,439 10,724 9,422
TP-1E Proved developed producing 143 130 104 3,606 3,204 2.883 2,623 2,409
TP-6E-ST2 Proved developed producing 76 69 55 1,387 1,292 1,210 1,139 1,076
TP-6N* Proved developed producing 9 8 6 -25 24 -24 -23 -23
TP-7W* Proved developed producing - -   -94 -92 -90 -88 -86
  Total PDP 1,299 1,177 941 54,904 46,000 39,502 34,620 30,854
ES-1N Proved developed non-producing 177 160 128 5,074 4,394 3,875 3,471 3,148
ES-2S Proved 147 133 106 4,133 3,731 3,402 3,129 2,899
ES-6E-ST2 Proved developed non-producing 103 93 74 2,960 2,725 2,527 2,359 2,215
  Total PDNP 427 386 309 12,166 10,850 9,805 8,959 8,263
PUD-1 Proved undeveloped 1,020 924 740 50,312 44,909 40,534 36,937 33,933
PUD-2 Proved undeveloped 155 140 112 3,420 2,943 2,552 2,229 1,960
  Total PUD 1,175 1,064 852 53,732 47,851 43,087 39,167 35,892
  Total Proved 2,900 2,628 2,102 120,801 104,701 92,393 82,746 75,009
ES-lS Probable Producing 426 386 309 25,213 20,791 17,607 15,247 13,447
  Total Probable Producing 426 386 309 25,213 20,791 17,607 15,247 13,447
PBUD-1 Probable Undeveloped 1.020 924 739 49,247 41,584 35,604 30,851 27,009
PB UD-2 Probable Undeveloped 154 140 112 3,100 2,504 2,030 1,649 1,339
  Total Probable Undeveloped 1,175 1,064 851 52,346 44,088 37,634 32,500 28,348
  Total Probable 1,601 1,450 1,160 77,559 64,880 55,241 47,747 41,796
  Total Proved + Probable 4,501 4,078 3,262 198,360 169,581 147,635 130,493 116,805
 
* Uneconomic wells are included with abandonment costs.
 

9
 

Table II-2 Guaduas Field Total Proved Developed Producing Reserve and

Net Present Values

Working Interest = 90.6%

Royalty rate = 20%

Escalation Factor = 4% per year based on Colombian Consumer Index

Forecast Oil Price = see Forecast Oil Prices

Fixed OpEx = $446,000 per well per year fixed cost

Variable OpEx = $6.30 per barrel

Operating Days = 365 per year

Abandonment Cost = $100,000 per well

Effective Date = December 31, 2010

 

  Heavy Oil Reserves     Revenue      
        Gas    Before
      Gross (Less     Tax
  100% Gross Net Royalty Gas Oil Royalty) CapEx OpEx NPV
Year (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (MMcf) (M$) (M$) (M$) (M$) (M$)
2011 219 198 159 40 43 14,133 111 188 3,924 10,131
2012 186 168 135 34 36 12,048 105 - 3,422 8,731
2013 165 150 120 30 32 10,587 98 - 3,431 7,254
2014 148 134 107 27 29 9,455 90 - 3,460 6,085
2015 134 121 97 24 26 8,568 84 110 3,504 5,038
2016 113 102 82 20 22 7,269 73 115 2,956 4,271
2017 95 86 69 17 18 6,210 62 - 2,377 3,895
2018 87 79 63 16 17 5,844 58 - 2,417 3,485
2019 81 73 59 15 16 5,523 55 129 2,464 2,986
2020 66 59 47 12 13 4,558 46 - 1,802 2,802
2021 5 5 4 1 1 379 4 - 155 228
Total 1,299 1,177 941 235 253 84,573 785 542 29,912 54,904

 

NPV of Future Net Revenue
Before Tax Discounted (in M$) @
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
54,904 46,000 39,502 34,620 30,854

 

10
 

Table II-3 Guaduas Field Proved Developed Non-Producing Reserve and

Net Present Values

Working Interest = 90.6%

Royalty rate = 20%

Escalation Factor = 4% per year based on Colombian Consumer Index

Forecast Oil Price = see Forecast Oil Prices

Fixed OpEx = $446,000 per well per year fixed cost

Variable OpEx = $6.30 per barrel

Operating Days = 365 per year

Abandonment Cost = $100,000 per well

Effective Date = December 31, 2010

 

  Heavy Oil Reserves     Revenue      
              Gas     Before
          Gross   (Less     Tax
  100% Gross Net Royally Gas Oil Royalty! Cap Ex OpEx NPV
Year (Ml.hl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (MMcf) (M$) (M$) (M$) (M$) (M$)
2011 84 76 61 15 16 5,428 43 272 1.817 3,381
2012 71 64 51 13 14 4,597 10 - 1,812 2.824
2013 60 55 44 11 12 3,869 36 - 1,819 2,086
2014 52 47 38 9 10 3,321 32 - 1,839 1,513
2015 45 41 33 8 9 2,900 28 - 1.868 1,060
2016 40 36 29 7 8 2.572 26 115 1.906 577
2017 26 24 19 5 5 1.707 17 - 1,317 408
2018 23 21 17 4 5 1.569 16 124 1,350 110
2019 12 11 9 2 2 833 8 - 706 135
2020 11 10 8 2 2 786 8 - 727 68
2021 1 1 1 0 0 65 1 - 63 3
Total 427 386 309 77 83 27,647 254 510 15,225 12.166

 

NPV of Future Net Revenue

Before Tax Discounted (in M$) @

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
12.166 10.850 9.805 8,959 8,263

11
 

Table II-4 Guaduas Field Proved Undeveloped Reserve and Net Present Values

Working Interest = 90.6%

Royalty rate = 20%

Escalation Factor = 4% per year based on Colombian Consumer Index

Forecast Oil Price = see Forecast Oil Prices

Fixed OpEx = $446,000 per well per year fixed cost

Variable OpEx = $6.30 per barrel

Operating Days = 365 per year

Abandonment Cost = $100,000 per well

Effective Date = December 31, 2010

 

  Heavy Oil Reserves     Revenue      
              Gas     Before
          Gross   (Less     Tax
  100% Gross Net Royally Gas Oil Royalty) Cap Ex OpEx NPV
Year (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (MMcf) (M$) (M$) (M$) (M$) (M$)
2011 240 217 174 43 47 15.502 122 5,436 1,369 8,818
2012 347 315 252 63 68 22,526 196 3,298 2,990 16,434
2013 233 211 169 42 45 14,920 137   2,400 12,657
2014 146 132 106 26 28 9,311 89 - 1,941 7,459
2015 92 83 67 17 18 5,862 57 - 1,656 4,263
2016 54 49 39 10 10 3,463 35 115 1,188 2,195
2017 31 28 22 6 6 2,032 20 - 788 1,264
2018 20 18 14 4 4 1,327 13 - 736 604
2019 13 12 9 2 2 866 9 129 710 36
Total 1,175 1,064 852 213 229 75,809 678 8,977 13,778 53,732

 

NPV of Future Net Revenue
Before Tax Discounted (in M$) @
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
53,732 47,851 43,087 39,167 35,892

12
 

Table II-5 Cuaduas Field Total Proved Reserve and Net Present Values

Working Interest = 90.6%

Royalty rate = 20%

Escalation Factor = 4% per year based on Colombian Consumer Index

Forecast Oil Price = see Forecast Oil Prices

Fixed OpEx = $446,000 per well per year fixed cost

Variable OpEx = $6.30 per barrel

Operating Days = 365 per year

Abandonment Cost = $100,000 per well

Effective Date = December 31. 2010

 

  Heavy Oil Reserves     Revenue      
              Gas     Before
          Gross   (Less     Tax
  100% Gross Net Royalty Gas Oil Royalty) CapEx OpEx NPV
Year (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (MMcf) (MS) (MS) (MS) (MS) (MS)
2011 543 492 393 98 106 35,062 276 5,896 7,111 22,331
2012 604 547 438 109 118 39,171 340 3,298 8,224 27,989
2013 458 415 332 83 89 29,377 271 - 7,651 21,997
2014 346 314 251 63 67 22,086 211 - 7,240 15,057
2015 271 246 197 49 53 17,330 170 110 7,029 10,361
2016 207 188 150 38 40 13,304 133 344 6,050 7,043
2017 152 137 110 27 30 9,949 99 - 4,482 5,567
2018 131 118 95 24 25 8,739 87 124 4,503 4,199
2019 106 96 77 19 21 7,222 72 258 3,879 3,157
2020 77 70 56 14 15 5,344 53 - 2,528 2,869
2021 6 6 5 1 1 444 4 - 218 231
Total 2,900 2,628 2,102 526 565 188,029 1,716 10,030 58,914 120,801

 

NPV of Future Net Revenue
Before Tax Discounted (in MS) @   
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
120.801 104,701 92,393 82,746 75,009
13
 

 

Table H-6 Guaduas Field Probable Developed Reserve and Net Present Values

Working Interest = 90.6%

Royalty rate = 20%

Escalation Factor = 4% per year based on Colombian Consumer Index

Forecast Oil Price = see Forecast Oil Prices

CapEx = $5,500,000 per deviated well and $3,000,000 per vertical well drilling cost

Fixed OpEx = $446,000 per well per year fixed cost

Variable OpEx = $6.30 per barrel

Operating Days = 365 per year

Abandonment Cost = $100,000 per well

Effective Date = December 30, 2010

 

  Heavy Oil Reserves     Revenue      
        Gas     Before
      Gross (Less     Tax
  100%      Gross       Net Royalty Gas Oil         Royalty) Capi'.x OpEx NPV
Year (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (MMcf) (MS) (M$) (M$) (M$) (MS)
2011 69 62 50 12 13 4,432 35 - 391 4,076
2012 60 54 43 11 12 3,886 34 - 356 3,564
2013 53 48 38 10 10 3.370 31 - 324 3,077
2014 47 42 34 8 9 2,969 28 - 299 2.698
2015 42 38 30 8 8 2,653 26 - 277 2,401
2016 37 34 27 7 7 2,402 24 - 260 2,166
2017 34 30 24 6 7 2.205 22 - 243 1,984
2018 31 28 22 6 6 2.041 20 - 229 1.832
2019 28 25 20 5 5 1.897 19 - 217 1,699
2020 26 23 18 5 5 1,775 18 - 207 1,586
2021 2 2 1 0 0 146 1 - 17 130
Total 426 386 309 77 83 27,775 258 - 2,821 25,213

 

NPV of Future Net Revenue
Before Tax Discounted (in MS) @
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
25.213 20.791 17,607 15,247 13,447

14
 

Table II-7 Guaduas Field Probable Undeveloped Reserve and Net Present Values

Working Interest - 90.6%

Royalty rate = 20%

Escalation Factor = 4% per year based on Colombian Consumer Index

Forecast Oil Price = see Forecast Oil Prices

CapEx = $5,500,000 per deviated well and $3,000,000 per vertical well drilling cost

Fixed OpEx = $446,000 per well per year fixed cost

Variable OpEx = $6.30 per barrel

Operating Days = 365 per year

Abandonment Cost = $100,000 per well

Effective Date = December 30, 2010

 

  Heavy Oil Reserve Revenue      
  Gas Before
  Gross (Less Tax
  100% Gross Net Royalty Gas Oil Royalty) Cap Ex OpEx XPV
Year (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (MMcf) (M$) (M$) (M$) (M$) (M$)
2011 - - - - - - - -
2012 232 210 168 42 45 15,049 131 8,951 2,305 3,923
2013 362 328 263 66 71 23,250 214 - 3,202 20,263
2014 228 207 165 41 44 14,554 139 - 2,468 12,224
2015 144 130 104 26 28 9,190 90 - 2,004 7,276
2016 91 83 66 17 18 5,854 58 115 1,718 4,081
2017 50 46 36 9 10 3,296 33 - 927 2,401
2018 32 29 23 6 6 2,152 21 - 829 1,345
2019 21 19 15 4 4 1,405 14 - 771 647
2020 13 12 10 2 3 920 9 - 742 187
2021 1 1 1 0 0 62 1 - 62 0
Total 1,175 1,064 851 213 229 75,730 710 9,066 15,029 52,346

 

NPV of Future Net Revenue
Before Tax Discounted (in M$) @
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
52,346 44,088 37,634 32,500 28,348

15
 

 

Table II-8 Guaduas Field Total Proved + Probable Reserve and Net Present Values

Working Interest = 90.6%

Royalty rate = 20%

Escalation Factor - 4% per year based on Colombian Consumer Index

Forecast Oil Price = see Forecast Oil Prices

CapEx = $5,500,000 per deviated well and $3,000,000 per vertical well drilling cost

Fixed OpEx = $446,000 per well per year fixed cost

Variable OpEx = $6.30 per barrel

Operating Days = 365 per year

Abandonment Cost = $100,000 per well

Effective Date = December 30, 2010

 

  Heavy Oil Reserves    Revenue      
  Gas Before
  Gross (Less Tax
  100% Gross Net Royalty Gas Oil Royalty) Cap Ex OpEx NPV
Year (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (MMcf) (M$) (M$) (M$) (M$) (M$)
2011 611 554 443 111 119 39,495 311 5,896 7,502 26,407
2012 896 812 649 162 175 58,105 504 12,249 10,885 35,476
2013 873 791 633 158 170 55,997 516 11,177 45,336
2014 621 563 450 113 121 39,608 378 10,007 29,979
2015 457 414 331 83 89 29,173 285 110 9,310 20,038
2016 335 304 243 61 65 21,560 215 459 8,027 13,290
2017 236 214 171 43 46 15,450 154 - 5,652 9,953
2018 193 175 140 35 38 12,931 129 124 5,561 7,376
2019 154 140 112 28 30 10,523 105 258 4,867 5,503
2020 116 105 84 21 23 8,039 80 - 3,478 4,642
2021 9 8 7 2 2 652 7 - 298 361
Total 4,501 4,078 3,262 816 877 291,535 2,685 19,096 76,764 198,360

 

NPV of Future Net Revenue
Before Tax Discounted (in MS) @
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
198,360   169,581 147,635 130,493 116,805

 

 

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