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EX-31.2 - EXHIBIT 31.2 - SPAR Group, Inc.ex31-2.htm
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EX-32.2 - EXHIBIT 32.2 - SPAR Group, Inc.ex32-2.htm
EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - SPAR Group, Inc.ex31-1.htm

 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
Form 10-Q
 
 
(Mark One)

x           QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 for the second quarterly period ended June 30, 2011.
OR
o           TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 for the transition period from __________ to __________.  
    
Commission file number: 0-27824
 
SPAR Group, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
   
Delaware
33-0684451
State of Incorporation
IRS Employer Identification No.
 
560 White Plains Road, Suite 210, Tarrytown, New York 10591
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
 

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (914) 332-4100
 
Indicate by check whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:   
x Yes    o No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
o Yes    o No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. (See the definitions of "large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer", "non-accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
 
Large Accelerated Filer o
         Accelerated Filer o
  Non-Accelerated Filer o
Smaller Reporting Company x

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).      o Yes    x No
 
 
On June 30, 2011, there were 20,062,033 shares of Common Stock outstanding.
 
 
 
 

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc.
 
Index
 
PART I:                      FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1
Financial Statements
 
     
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2011, and December 31, 2010
2
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010
3
     
 
Consolidated Statement of Equity for the six months ended June 30, 2011
4
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010
5
     
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
6
     
Item 2
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition, Results of Operations, Liquidity and Capital Resources
18
     
Item 3
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
30
     
Item 4
Controls and Procedures
30
     
PART II:                      OTHER INFORMATION
 
     
Item 1
Legal Proceedings
32
     
Item 1A
Risk Factors
32
     
Item 2
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
32
     
Item 3
Defaults upon Senior Securities
32
     
Item 4
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
33
     
Item 5
Other Information
33
     
Item 6
Exhibits
33
     
SIGNATURES
 
34

 
1

 
 
PART I:                      FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1. Financial Statements
 
SPAR Group, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
 
   
June 30,
2011
   
December 31,
2010
 
   
(unaudited)
   
(note)
 
Assets
           
Current assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 1,264     $ 923  
Accounts receivable, net
    11,985       13,999  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    928       1,283  
Total current assets
    14,177       16,205  
                 
Property and equipment, net
    1,489       1,452  
Goodwill
    848       848  
Intangibles
    333       362  
Other assets
    164       226  
Total assets
  $ 17,011     $ 19,093  
                 
Liabilities and equity
               
Current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 1,779     $ 1,804  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    1,713       2,733  
Accrued expenses due to affiliates
    1,306       1,575  
Customer deposits
    294       471  
Lines of credit and other debt
    3,196       5,263  
Total current liabilities
    8,288       11,846  
Other long-term liabilities
    413        
Total liabilities
    8,701       11,846  
                 
                 
Equity:
               
SPAR Group, Inc. equity
               
Preferred stock, $.01 par value: Authorized and available shares – 2,445,598 Issued and outstanding shares – none – June 30, 2011, and 554,402 –  December 31, 2010
          6  
Common stock, $.01 par value: Authorized shares – 47,000,000 Issued and outstanding shares – 20,062,033 – June 30, 2011, and 19,314,306 –  December 31, 2010
    201       193  
Treasury stock
          (1 )
Additional paid-in capital
    13,796       13,549  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (117 )     (142 )
Accumulated deficit
    (6,046 )     (6,808 )
Total SPAR Group, Inc. equity
    7,834       6,797  
Non-controlling interest
    476       450  
 
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 17,011     $ 19,093  
 
Note:
The Balance Sheet at December 31, 2010, is excerpted from the consolidated audited financial statements as of that date but does not include certain information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements.
 
See accompanying notes.
 
 
2

 

 SPAR Group, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Income
(unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data)
 
   
Three Months Ended June 30,
   
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
 
Net revenues
  $ 15,944     $ 15,614     $ 32,363     $ 28,742  
Cost of revenues
    10,987       10,403       22,170       19,261  
Gross profit
    4,957       5,211       10,193       9,481  
                                 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    4,137       4,199       8,711       8,171  
Depreciation and amortization
    265       237       528       496  
Operating income
    555       775       954       814  
                                 
Interest expense
    24       67       106       102  
Other (income) expense
    (2 )     88       7       91  
Income before provision for income taxes
    533       620       841       621  
                                 
Provision for income taxes
    29       17       53       34  
Net income
    504       603       788       587  
                                 
Net (income) loss attributable to the non-controlling interest
    (5 )     (9 )     26       (61 )
Net income attributable to SPAR Group, Inc.
  $ 509     $ 612     $ 762     $ 648  
 
Basic/diluted net income  per common share:
                               
                                 
Net income - basic
  $ 0.03     $ 0.03     $ 0.04     $ 0.03  
                                 
Net income - diluted
  $ 0.02     $ 0.03     $ 0.04     $ 0.03  
                                 
Weighted average common shares – basic
    20,012       19,139       19,826       19,139  
 
Weighted average common shares- diluted
    21,656       20,411       21,387       20,359  
 
See accompanying notes.
 
 
3

 

SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statement of Equity
(unaudited)
(In thousands)
 
   
Preferred Stock
   
Common Stock
               
Accumulated Other
   
Non-
       
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Treasury
Stock
   
Paid-In
Capital
   
Accumulated Deficit
   
Comprehensive
(Loss) Gain
   
Controlling Interest
   
Total
Equity
 
Balance at December 31, 2010
    554     $ 6       19,314     $ 193     $ (1 )   $ 13,549     $ (6,808 )   $ (142 )   $ 450     $ 7,247  
                                                                                 
                                                                                 
Preferred stock and accrued dividends converted to common stock
    (554 )     (6 )     609       6                                        
Exercise of  warrants
                    75       1             63                         64  
Issuance of stock options to employees & non-employees for services
                                      164                         164  
Exercise of Options
                    64       1             21                         22  
Reissued treasury stock
                                    1       (1 )                              
Comprehensive income: Foreign currency translation gain
                                                  25             25  
   Net Income
                                                    762             26       788  
Comprehensive income
                                                    762       25       26       813  
Balance at June 30, 2011
    -     $ -       20,062     $ 201     $ -     $ 13,796     $ (6,046 )   $ (117 )   $ 476     $ 8,310  
 
See accompanying notes.
 
 
4

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(unaudited)
 (In thousands)
 
   
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Operating activities
           
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
  $ 2,430     $ (702 )
                 
Investing activities
               
Purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software
    (264 )     (789 )
                 
Financing activities
               
Net (payments) proceeds on lines of credit
    (2,072 )     397  
Bridge loan proceeds
          500  
Proceeds from options exercised
    22        
Payments on capital lease obligations
    (45 )     (69 )
Issuance of term debt
    244        
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
    (1,851 )     828  
                 
Effects of foreign exchange rate on cash
    26       (44 )
                 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
    341       (707 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    923       1,659  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 1,264     $ 952  
                 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flows information
               
Interest paid
  $ 113     $ 127  
Taxes paid
  $ 145     $ 96  
                 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities
               
Preferred stock converted to common stock at par
  $ 6     $  
Acquisition of equipment through capital lease
  $ 140     $  

See accompanying notes.
 
 
5

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
 
1.           Basis of Presentation
 
The accompanying unaudited, consolidated financial statements of SPAR Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("SGRP"), and its subsidiaries (together with SGRP, collectively, the "Company" or the "SPAR Group") have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included in these interim financial statements. However, these interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the Company as contained in the Company's Annual Report for 2010 on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on March 15, 2011 (the "Company's Annual Report"). The Company's results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of its operating results for the entire year.
 
2.           Business and Organization
 
SPAR Group is a diversified international merchandising and marketing services company and provides a broad array of services worldwide to help companies improve their sales, operating efficiency and profits at retail locations.  The Company provides its merchandising and other marketing services to manufacturers, distributors and retailers worldwide, primarily in mass merchandisers, office supply, grocery, drug store and other chains, and independent, convenience and electronics stores.  The Company also provides furniture and other product assembly services in stores, homes and offices.  The Company has supplied these project and product services in the United States since certain of its predecessors were formed in 1979 and internationally since the Company acquired its first international subsidiary in Japan in May of 2001.  Today the Company currently operates in 8 countries that encompass approximately 47% of the total world population through operations in the United States, Canada, Japan, South Africa, India, Romania, China and Australia.
 
Merchandising services primarily consist of regularly scheduled, special project and other product services provided at the store level, and the Company may be engaged by either the retailer or the manufacturer.  Those services may include restocking and adding new products, removing spoiled or outdated products, resetting categories "on the shelf" in accordance with client or store schematics, confirming and replacing shelf tags, setting new sale or promotional product displays and advertising, replenishing kiosks, providing in-store event staffing, and providing assembly services in stores, homes and offices.  Other merchandising services include whole store or departmental product sets or resets, including new store openings, new product launches and in-store demonstrations, special seasonal or promotional merchandising, focused product support and product recalls.  The Company continues to seek to expand its merchandising, assembly and marketing services business throughout the world.
 
The Company has divided its world focus into two geographic areas, the United States and international, even though it operates in a single business segment (merchandising and marketing services).  The Company focuses on two geographic areas in order to cultivate foreign markets and expand the Company's merchandising and marketing services business outside of the United States, modify the necessary systems and implement its business model worldwide, and insure a consistent approach to its merchandising and marketing efforts worldwide.  The Company’s domestic geographic focus is within the United States, which is the sales territory for its Domestic Merchandising Services Division, and its international focus covers all locations outside the United States, which are the sales territories for its International Merchandising Services Division.  To that end, the Company also (1) provides and requires all of its locations to use its Internet based operating, scheduling, tracking and reporting systems (including language translations, ongoing client and financial reports and ongoing IT support), (2) provides and requires all of its locations to comply with the Company's financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, (3) provides accounting and auditing support and tracks and reports certain financial and other information separately for those two divisions, and (4) has management teams in its corporate offices responsible for supporting and monitoring the management, sales, marketing and operations of each of the Company's international subsidiaries and maintaining consistency with the Company's other subsidiaries worldwide.
 
 
6

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited) (continued)
 
3.           Earnings Per Share
 
The following table sets forth the computations of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share data):
 
   
Three Months Ended June 30,
   
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
Numerator:
                       
                         
Net income
  $ 509     $ 612     $ 762     $ 648  
                                 
Denominator:
                               
Shares used in basic net income per share calculation
    20,012       19,139       19,826       19,139  
                                 
Effect of diluted securities:
                               
Employee stock options
    1,644       1,272       1,561       1,220  
                                 
Shares used in diluted net income per share calculation
    21,656       20,411       21,387       20,359  
                                 
Basic net income per common share
  $ 0.03     $ 0.03     $ 0.04     $ 0.03  
                                 
Diluted net income per common share
  $ 0.02     $ 0.03     $ 0.04     $ 0.03  

4.           Lines of Credit
 
Domestic Credit Facility (“Webster Credit Facility) (reporting period through July 5, 2010):
 
In January 2003, the Company (other than SGRP’s foreign subsidiaries) and Webster Business Credit Corporation, then known as Whitehall Business Credit Corporation (“Webster”), entered into the Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (as amended, collectively, the “Webster Credit Facility”). The Webster Credit Facility, as amended, provided for a $5.0 million revolving line of credit which matured on September 15, 2010.
 
The basic interest rate under the Webster Credit Facility was the greater of i) Webster’s “Alternative Base Rate” plus 1.0% per annum, which automatically changed with each change made by Webster in such Alternative Base Rate, ii) LIBOR plus 2.75% per annum, or iii) the minimum rate imposed by Webster of 5% per annum. The actual average interest rate under the Webster Credit Facility was 5% per annum for the period that commenced on January 1, 2010, and ended on July 5, 2010.  The Webster Credit Facility was secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company (other than SGRP’s foreign subsidiaries and their assets).
 
On July 6, 2010, the Webster Credit Facility was repaid in full and replaced with the Sterling Credit Facility.
 
Domestic Credit Facility (“Sterling Credit Facility”) (July 6, 2010, to present):
 
SGRP and certain of its domestic direct and indirect subsidiaries, namely SPAR Marketing Force, Inc., National Assembly Services, Inc., SPAR Group International, Inc., SPAR Trademarks, Inc., SPAR Incentive Marketing, Inc., PIA Merchandising Co., Inc.,  and SPAR Acquisition, Inc. (each a "Subsidiary Borrower", and together with SGRP, collectively, the " Borrowers "), entered into a Revolving Loan and Security Agreement dated as of July 6, 2010 (the "Loan Agreement"), with Sterling National Bank and Cornerstone Bank as the lenders (the "Lenders"), and issued their Secured Revolving Loan Notes in the original maximum principal amounts of $5.0 million to Sterling National Bank and $1.5 million to Cornerstone Bank (the "Notes"), to document and govern its new credit facility with them (the "Sterling Credit Facility").   The Sterling Credit Facility replaced the Webster Credit Facility on July 6, 2010, and the first advance under such new facility was used to fully repay and terminate the Webster Credit Facility and its documents and liens.  In June 2011, the Lenders agreed to: (1) reduce the personal guarantee limits as noted below, and (2) extend the maturity of the Sterling Credit Facility until July 2013.
 
 
7

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited) (continued)
 
In addition, Mr. Robert G. Brown, a Director, the Chairman and a major stockholder of SGRP, and Mr. William H. Bartels, a Director, the Vice Chairman and a major stockholder of SGRP, have provided personal guarantees of the Sterling Credit Facility totaling $1,250,000 pursuant to their Limited Continuing Guaranty in favor of the Lenders dated as of July 6, 2010, as amended in June 2011 (the "Limited Guaranty").
 
Revolving Loans of up to $6.5 million are available to the Borrowers under this new Sterling Credit Facility based upon the borrowing base formula defined in the Loan Agreement (principally 85% of "eligible" domestic accounts receivable less certain reserves).  The Sterling Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Borrowers (other than SGRP's foreign subsidiaries, certain designated domestic subsidiaries, and their respective equity and assets).
 
The domestic revolving loan balances outstanding under the Sterling Credit Facility were approximately $2.9 million and $3.5 million at June 30, 2011, and December 31, 2010, respectively.  As of June 30, 2011, the Company had unused availability under the Sterling Credit Facility of $1.8 million out of the remaining maximum $3.6 million unused revolving line of credit.
 
The basic interest rate under the Sterling Credit Facility is equal to the fluctuating Prime Rate of interest published in the Wall Street Journal from time to time plus one and one-half  (1.50%) percent per annum, which automatically changes with each change in such rate.  The aggregate interest rate on June 30, 2011, was 4.75% per annum under that formula.
 
Due of the requirement to maintain a lock box arrangement with the Agent and the Lenders' ability to invoke a subjective acceleration clause at its discretion, borrowings under the Sterling Credit Facility will be classified as current.
 
The Sterling Credit Facility contains certain financial and other restrictive covenants and also limits certain expenditures by the Borrowers, including, but not limited to, capital expenditures and other investments.  At June 30, 2011, the Company was in compliance with such covenants and does not expect to be in violation at future measurement dates. However, there can be no assurances that the Company will not be in violation of certain covenants in the future, and should the Company be in violation; there can be no assurances that the Lenders will issue waivers for any future violations.
 
International Credit Facilities:
 
On March 7, 2011, the Japanese subsidiary, SPAR FM Japan, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary, secured a loan with Mizuho Bank in the amount of 20.0 million Japanese Yen, or approximately $244,000.  The loan is payable in monthly installments of 238,000 Yen or $2,900 at an interest rate of 0.1% per annum with a maturity date of February 28, 2018.  The outstanding balance at June 30, 2011, was approximately 19.0 million Yen or $235,000 (based upon the exchange rate at June 30, 2011).
 
In 2008, the Australian subsidiary, SPARFACTS Australia Pty. Ltd., entered into a revolving line of credit arrangement with Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) for $2.0 million (Australian).  On September 11, 2009, the line of credit arrangement was amended to reduce the line of credit to $1.5 million (Australian), or approximately $1.6 million (based upon the exchange rate at June 30, 2011). There was no outstanding borrowing under the credit facility as of June 30, 2011.  At December 31, 2010, SPARFACTS Australia Pty. Ltd. had $540,000 (Australian), or approximately $548,000, outstanding under the line of credit (based upon the exchange rate at that date). The average interest rate under this facility was 10.2% per annum for the six months ended June 30, 2011.
 
 
8

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited) (continued)
 
On October 20, 2006, SPAR Canada Company, a wholly owned subsidiary, entered into a secured credit agreement with Royal Bank of Canada providing for a Demand Operating Loan for a maximum borrowing of $750,000 (Canadian) or approximately $768,000 (based upon the exchange rate at June 30, 2011). The Demand Operating Loan provides for borrowing based upon a formula as defined in the agreement (principally 75% of eligible accounts receivable less certain deductions) and a minimum total debt to tangible net worth covenant.  On March 28, 2008, Royal Bank of Canada amended the secured credit agreement to reduce the maximum borrowing to $500,000 (Canadian) however, in October 2008, Royal Bank of Canada reinstated the loan limit to $750,000 (Canadian). At June 30, 2011, SPAR Canada Company had $310,000 (Canadian) or $317,000 outstanding under the line of credit (based upon the exchange rate at June 30, 2011).  At December 31, 2010, SPAR Canada had $623,000 outstanding under the line of credit (the exchange rate at that date was $1 CAD to $1 USD).  The average interest rate under this line of credit was 4% per annum for the six months ended June 30, 2011. The Company was in compliance with the minimum total debt to tangible net worth covenant under this line of credit at June 30, 2011.
 
At the March 2010 quarterly board meeting of SGRP, the Board of Directors authorized the Company to secure bridge financing for future acquisition efforts in an amount not to exceed $1.0 million. On March 26, 2010 the Company signed a Loan and Security Agreement and a Promissory Note with Michael Anthony Holdings, Inc. for a total of $1.0 million and the Company received its first advance of $500,000 which was used for the acquisition of certain assets of a Canadian company that closed on April 1, 2010. The remaining $500,000 balance of the originally-contemplated loan was never advanced to the Company.  The parties amended the loan agreement on November 5, 2010, to reduce the applicable interest rate from 14% to 9.5%.  The loan was payable on an interest only basis and matured on March 31, 2011, and was paid in full on that date.  In addition to the cost of interest, the Company paid, at closing, a fee of $10,000 in cash and issued 75,000 warrants to purchase 75,000 shares of SGRP Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.85 per Common share. In 2010, the Company recorded an expense of $52,000 for the cost of these warrants issued.  On April 26, 2011, Michael Anthony Holdings, Inc. exercised its rights under the warrant agreement to purchase 75,000 shares of SGRP Common Stock at $0.85 per share at a total exercise price of $63,750.
 
5.           Capital Lease Obligations
 
The Company has three outstanding capital lease obligations. The first lease originating in March 2010 has a cost of $215,000, accumulated depreciation of $66,000 and a net book value of $149,000 at June 30, 2011.  The second lease originating in November 2010 has a cost of $48,000, accumulated depreciation of $11,000 and a net book value of $37,000 at June 30, 2011.   The third lease originating in June 2011 has a cost of $140,300.
 
Annual future minimum lease payments required under the lease, together with the present value as of June 30, 2011, are as follows (in thousands):
 
Year Ending
December 31,
 
Amount
 
2011
  $ 78  
2012
    154  
2013
    110  
2014
    23  
      365  
Less amount representing interest
    38  
Present value of net minimum lease payments        
included with other liabilities   $ 327  
 
6.           Related-Party Transactions
 
SGRP's policy respecting approval of transactions with related persons, promoters and control persons is contained in the SPAR Group Code of Ethical Conduct for its Directors, Senior Executives and Employees Dated (as of) May 1, 2004 (the "Ethics Code").  Article V of the Ethics Code generally prohibits each "Covered Person" (including SGRP's officers and directors) from engaging in any business activity that conflicts with his or her duties to the Company, and directs each "Covered Person" to avoid any activity or interest that is inconsistent with the best interests of the SPAR Group, in each case except for any "Approved Activity" (as such terms are defined in the Ethics Code).  Examples of violations include (among other things) having any ownership interest in, acting as a director or officer of or otherwise personally benefiting from business with any customer or vendor of the Company other than pursuant to any Approved Activity.  Approved Activities include (among other things) anything disclosed to and approved by the Board, the Governance Committee or the Audit Committee, as the case may be, as well as the ownership, board and executive positions held by certain executive officers in SMS and SMSI (as defined and described below).  The Company's senior management is generally responsible for monitoring compliance with the Ethics Code and establishing and maintaining compliance systems, including conflicting relationships and transactions, subject to the review and oversight of SGRP's Governance Committee as provided in clause IV.11 of the Governance Charter, and its Audit Committee as provided in clause I.2(l) of the Audit Charter. The Governance Committee and Audit Committee each consist solely of independent outside directors.
 
 
9

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited) (continued)
 
SGRP’s Audit Committee periodically reviews and has approved all of the related party relationships and transactions described above, as required by and in accordance with its Charter and the Company's Code of Ethical Conduct, NASDAQ rules and applicable law, the Audit Committee reviews each material related party transaction for its overall fairness to the Company, both initially and periodically (often annually), which review includes (without limitation) the costs and benefits to the Company, the other terms of the transactions, the affiliated relationship of the parties, and whether the overall economic and other terms are (or continue to be) no less favorable to the Company than would be the case with an unrelated provider of substantially similar services.
 
Mr. Robert G. Brown, a Director, the Chairman and a major stockholder of SGRP, and Mr. William H. Bartels, a Director and the Vice Chairman of the Company and a major stockholder of SGRP, are executive officers and the sole stockholders and directors of SPAR Marketing Services, Inc. (“SMS”), SPAR Management Services, Inc. (“SMSI”), and SPAR InfoTech, Inc. (“SIT”).
 
SMS and SMSI provided approximately 99% of the Company’s domestic merchandising specialists field force for both the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, and approximately 92% and 91% of the Company’s domestic field management at a total cost of approximately $10.8 million and $9.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Field Service Agreement dated as of January 1, 2004, as amended (the "Field Services Agreement"), SMS provides merchandising services to the Company through the use of approximately 7,000 of its field force of merchandising specialists.  Pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Field Management Agreement dated as of January 1, 2004, SMSI provides 54 full-time national, regional and district managers to the Company.  For those services, the Company has agreed to reimburse SMS and SMSI for all of their costs of providing those services and to pay SMS and SMSI each a premium equal to 4% of their respective costs (the "Plus Compensation").  The total Plus Compensation earned by SMS and SMSI for services rendered was approximately $418,000 and $363,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
 
The Company has continued to purchase those services because it believes the terms it receives from them are at least as favorable to the Company as it could obtain from non-affiliated providers of similar services.  The Company periodically engages an outside firm to conduct a survey of fees and rates charged by comparable national labor sourcing firms to serve as a comparison to the rates charged by such affiliates.  The most recent such survey was completed in November 2009 and showed that the rates negotiated with the Affiliates are in fact slightly less than those charged by unrelated vendors providing similar services.  The Company intends to complete a new survey and report the results by the end of this calendar year.  The Company's cost of revenue would have increased by $327,000 and $285,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, if the Company would have instead used an unaffiliated entity to provide comparable services at the surveyed rates.  All affiliate contracts are reviewed and approved by SGRP's Audit Committee, as described below.
 
The Company has been advised that Messrs. Brown and Bartels are not paid any salaries as officers of SMS or SMSI so there were no salary reimbursements for them included in such costs or premium. However, since SMS and SMSI are “Subchapter S” corporations and are owned by Messrs. Brown and Bartels, all income from SMS and SMSI is allocated to them.
 
In July 2008, the Company, through SPAR Marketing Force, Inc. (“SMF”), entered into a new Master Lease Agreement with SMS, and in July and September of 2008 entered into new separate operating leases with SMS pursuant to Equipment Leasing Schedules under that Master Lease Agreement.  Each operating lease has a 36 month term and representations, covenants and defaults customary for the leasing industry. The leases are for handheld computers to be used by field merchandisers in the performance of various merchandising and marketing services in the United States and have a total monthly payment of $11,067. These handheld computers had an original purchase price of $401,188. The monthly payments are based upon a lease factor of 3.1%.
 
 
10

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited) (continued)
 
The following transactions occurred between the Company and the above affiliates (in thousands):
 
   
Three Months Ended June 30,
   
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
Services provided by affiliates:
                       
Merchandising services (SMS)
  $ 4,318     $ 4,647     $ 8,707     $ 7,481  
                                 
Field management services (SMSI)
  $ 1,058     $ 1,057     $ 2,181     $ 2,055  
                                 
Handheld computer leases (SMS)
  $ 33     $ 33     $ 66     $ 66  
                                 
Total services provided by affiliates
  $ 5,409     $ 5,737     $ 10,954     $ 9,602  
 
   
June 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
             
Total accrued expenses due to affiliates
  $ 1,306     $ 1,575  

In July 1999, SMF, SMS and SIT entered into a software ownership agreement providing that each party independently owned an undivided share of and had the right to unilaterally license and exploit their "Business Manager" Internet job scheduling software (which had been jointly developed by such parties), and all related improvements, revisions, developments and documentation from time to time made or procured by any of them. In addition, SPAR Trademarks, Inc. ("STM"), SMS and SIT entered into separate trademark licensing agreements whereby STM has granted non-exclusive royalty-free licenses to SIT and SMS (and through them to their commonly controlled subsidiaries and affiliates by sublicenses, including SMSI through SMS) for their continued use of the name "SPAR" and certain other trademarks and related rights transferred to STM, a wholly owned subsidiary of SGRP.
 
Through arrangements with the Company, SMS and SMSI participate in various benefit plans, insurance policies and similar group purchases by the Company, for which the Company charges them their allocable shares of the costs of those group items and the actual costs of all items paid specifically for them. All transactions between the Company and the above affiliates are paid and/or collected by the Company in the normal course of business.
 
In addition to the above, through the services of Affinity Insurance, Ltd. (“Affinity”), the Company purchases insurance coverage for its casualty and property insurance risk. The Company’s Chairman and Vice Chairman own, through SMSI, a minority (less than 1%) equity interest in Affinity.
 
On December 31, 2010, there were 338,801 shares of SGRP's Series A Preferred Stock owned by a non-SGRP retirement plan whose trustee is and beneficiaries include Robert G. Brown (who is a co-founder, director, executive officer and significant shareholder of SGRP), and there were 215,601 shares of SGRP's Series A Preferred Stock owned by a non-SGRP retirement plan whose trustee is and beneficiaries include William H. Bartels (who also is a co-founder, director, executive officer and significant shareholder of SGRP), which shares collectively constituted all of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued by SGRP. Those shares were originally purchased pursuant to subscription agreements on March 31, 2008, and September 24, 2008, at the closing Nasdaq bid price of SGRP's Common Stock for the preceding trading day, which was $1.12 per share for the March purchases and $0.86 per share for the September purchases.  Each share of SGRP's Series A Preferred Stock could be converted into one share of SGRP's Common Stock (at the rate of one to one), at the option of the holder and without further consideration, and accumulated dividends at the rate of ten percent per annum.  SGRP's Audit Committee and Board of Directors each reviewed and unanimously approved this transaction, including the pricing, conversion and other terms of the Preferred Stock and the affiliated relationship of the parties. The offer and sale of such Preferred Stock have not been registered under the Securities Act or other securities laws, as they were a non-public offer and sale made in reliance upon (among other things) Section 4 (2) of the Securities Act.
 
 
11

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited) (continued)
 
On or before March 10, 2011, Mr. Brown and Mr. Bartels, as trustees of those plans, each had requested that their plan's preferred shares be converted into SGRP’s Common Stock in accordance with its terms, and in order to facilitate conversion of those shares by payment of all accrued and unpaid dividends, on March 10, 2011, SGRP's Board of Directors (i) fixed March 10, 2011, as the applicable record date for determination of the holders of the SGRP’s Series A Preferred Stock eligible to receive such dividends, (ii) declared a dividend on such SGRP’s Series A Preferred Stock equal to the accrued and unpaid dividends thereon, payable in shares of SGRP’s Common Stock valued at their market value ($2.34 per share) on such record date, and (iii) authorized the issuance of the shares of SGRP’s Common Stock necessary to effect such conversion (554,402 shares) and accrued dividend payment (54,584 shares) in consideration of the preferred shares surrendered and the accrued dividends thereby satisfied.  As a result of such conversions and stock dividends, on March 11, 2011, Mr. Brown's plans received 372,158 shares of SGRP’s Common Stock (33,357 shares of which were for accrued dividends) and Mr. Bartel's plan received 236,828 shares of SGRP’s Common Stock (21,227 shares of which were for accrued dividends).
 
In the event of any material dispute in the business relationships between the Company and SMS, SMSI, or SIT, it is possible that Messrs. Brown or Bartels may have one or more conflicts of interest with respect to these relationships and such dispute could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
 
7.           Preferred Stock
 
SGRP's certificate of incorporation also authorized it to issue 3,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.01 per share (the "SGRP Preferred Stock"), which may have such preferences and priorities over the SGRP Common Stock and other rights, powers and privileges as the Company's Board of Directors may establish in its discretion from time to time.  The Company has created and authorized the issuance of a maximum of 3,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to SGRP's Certificate of Designation of Series "A" Preferred Stock (the "SGRP Series A Preferred Stock"), which have dividend and liquidation preferences, have a cumulative dividend of 10% per year, are redeemable at the Company's option and are convertible at the holder's option (and without further consideration) on a one-to-one basis into SGRP Common Stock.  After the Series A Preferred Stock conversion described in Note 6, above, 2,445,598 shares of SGRP Series A Preferred Stock remained authorized and available for issuance under SGRP's certificate of incorporation and Certificate of Designation of Series "A" Preferred Stock.  The number of shares authorized by such designation could, however, be reduced by amendment or redemption to facilitate the creation of other SGRP Preferred Series.
 
8.           Stock-Based Compensation
 
SGRP currently grants options to its eligible directors, officers and employees and certain employees of its affiliates to purchase shares of Common Stock issued by SGRP ("SGRP Shares") pursuant to its 2008 Stock Compensation Plan, (as amended, the "2008 Plan").  SGRP also has granted stock options that continue to be outstanding under various predecessor stock option plans (each a "Prior Plan").  The Prior Plans consist of the following: the Amended and Restated 1995 Stock Option Plan (the "1995 Plan"); and the 2000 Stock Option Plan ("2000 Plan"), which succeeded the 1995 Plan.  Each Prior Plan will continue to be outstanding for the purposes of any remaining outstanding options issued under it for so long as such options are outstanding.  SGRP has the authority to issue other types of stock-based awards under the 2008 Plan, but (except for restricted stock award described below) to date it has not done so.
 
 
12

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited) (continued)
 
Based upon the Black-Scholes calculation, share-based compensation expense related to employee and non-employee stock option grants totaled $163,300 and $122,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.  The unamortized expense as of June 30, 2011, was approximately $177,000 employee and non-employee outstanding stock option grants.  The impact of the total share-based compensation expense on basic/diluted earnings per share was less than half a cent for both the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010.
 
On March 10, 2011, SGRP's Compensation Committee authorized an award of 100,000 shares of restricted SGRP common stock as additional compensation to Gary S. Raymond, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and President.  The restricted shares vest 20,000 shares a year over the next five (5) years, starting on March 10, 2012 and continuing through March 10, 2016, provided Mr. Raymond continues to be so employed by the Company on the applicable vesting date.  If Mr. Raymond leaves such employment, he will lose his right to receive any unvested shares.  The compensation expense related to these restricted shares will be amortized by the Company over the five (5) year vesting period starting April 1, 2011.  The Company recorded a compensation expense of $11,700 for the three months ended June 30, 2011, for these restricted shares.
 
For more information respecting the Company's stock option and compensation plans, please see "Stock Compensation Plans" in SGRP's Proxy Statement for its 2011 meeting of stockholders as filed with the SEC on May 2, 2011.
 
9.           Customer Deposits
 
Customer deposits at June 30, 2011, were $294,000 ($105,000 from domestic operations and $189,000 from international operations) compared to $471,000 at December 31, 2010 ($139,000 from domestic operations and $332,000 from international operations).
 
10.           Commitments and Contingencies
 
International Commitments
 
Certain of the Company's international subsidiaries are profitable, while others are operating at a loss. In the event certain subsidiaries have continued losses, the Company may be required (by contract or to preserve its investment) to make additional cash infusions into those subsidiaries.
 
Legal Matters
 
Longstanding litigation with Safeway Inc. ("Safeway") concluded in August 2010. On October 24, 2001, Safeway filed a complaint against PIA Merchandising Co., Inc. ("PIA Co."), a wholly-owned subsidiary of SPAR Group, Inc. ("SGRP"), Pivotal Sales Company ("Pivotal"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of PIA Co., and SGRP in Alameda County (California) Superior Court, case no. 2001028498.  Safeway’s claims, as subsequently amended, alleged causes of action for breach of contract and breach of implied contract. PIA Co. and Pivotal filed cross-claims against Safeway, including causes of action for breach of contract and interference with economic relationships. The case proceeded to trial by jury.  On May 26, 2006, the jury returned a verdict that awarded certain damages on different claims to PIA Co. and Pivotal and awarded certain damages to Safeway, resulting in a net award of $1,307,700 to Pivotal. Judgment was entered in favor of Pivotal and against Safeway on August 14, 2006, for $1,307,700. A subsequent order awarded Pivotal certain court costs totaling $33,725.
 
Thereafter, both sides filed appeals. On May 27, 2010, the California Court of Appeal issued a decision affirming the judgment in full. All appellate proceedings concluded on July 28, 2010.  On August 2, 2010, Safeway tendered, and the Company accepted, payment of $1,888,000 in full payment of the judgment.
 
In addition to the above, the Company is a party to various other legal actions and administrative proceedings arising in the normal course of business. In the opinion of the Company's management, disposition of these other matters are not anticipated to have a material adverse effect on the Company or its estimated or desired assets, business, capital, cash flow, credit, expenses, financial condition, income, liabilities, liquidity, locations, marketing, operations, prospects, sales, strategies, taxation or other achievement, results or condition.
 
 
13

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited) (continued)
 
11.           Acquisition and Purchase of Interest in Subsidiaries
 
In March 2010, the Company established a new Canadian subsidiary, SPAR Wings & Ink Company ("SWI") specifically to expand its merchandising and marketing services throughout Canada. On April 1, 2010, with the approval of SGRP’s directors, SWI acquired substantially all of the business, customer contracts, receivables, work-in progress, other assets and certain liabilities of 2078281 Ontario Limited, an Ontario merchandising and marketing company doing business as Wings & Ink (the "Seller"). The Company, at closing, also hired substantially all of the Seller’s employees including offering consulting contracts to the principals of the Seller.

In return for the purchase of such assets and assumed liabilities, at closing SWI compensated the Seller through 1) a cash payment of $500,000 Canadian dollars (“CAD”), 2) issued a $75,000 CAD interest bearing promissory note payable over an 18 month period and 3) placed $50,000 in escrow for a 12 month period and 4) assumed $446,000 CAD of liabilities.

The Company has completed its valuation of the fair value and allocation for the assets acquired and liabilities assumed and has recorded the following (in US dollars):

Accounts Receivable
  $ 644,000  
Equipment
    2,000  
Customer contracts
    426,000  
    $ 1,072,000  

The Company is amortizing the customer contracts of $426,000 on a straight line basis over 5 years.  The net book value at June 30, 2011, and December 31, 2010 was approximately $333,000 and $362,000, respectively.  Amortization expense for the six months ending June 30, 2011, was approximately $29,000.

            SWI also agreed to pay an earn out to the principals of the Seller based on SWI achieving certain revenue and gross profit margin levels of the acquired business for each of the next two 12 month periods. The earn out is based on revenue and gross profit margins exceeding certain agreed upon base levels, if achieved, the principles will be paid one third of the excess gross profit dollars in each of the two 12 month periods.  The Company has not recorded a contingent liability as it is unlikely these revenue and gross margin targets will be met.

On September 27, 2010, the Company purchased the remaining 49% ownership in its India subsidiary at a cost of $90,000.  In June 2011, effective for July 2011, the Company entered into an agreement with Krognos Integrated Marketing Services Private Limited, to sell 49% of its ownership in this subsidiary at a price of $90,000.
 
12.           Geographic Data
 
The Company operates in the same single business segment (e.g., merchandising and marketing services) in both its Domestic Merchandising Services Division and its International Merchandising Services Division.  The Company uses the same metrics to measure the performance of both its domestic and international divisions.  The primary measurement utilized by management is operating profits, historically the key indicator of long-term growth and profitability, as the Company is focused on reinvesting the operating profits of each of its international subsidiaries back into its local markets in an effort to improve market share and continued expansion efforts.  Set forth below are summaries (in thousands) of the Company's net revenues from its United States subsidiaries (i.e., the Domestic Merchandising Services Division) and from its international (non-U.S.) subsidiaries (i.e., the International Merchandising Services Division), net revenue from certain international subsidiaries as a percent of consolidated net revenue, operating income (loss) and long lived assets by geographic area for 2011 and 2010, respectively:
 
 
14

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited) (continued)
 
 
   
Three Months Ended June 30,
   
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
Net revenues:
                       
United States
  $ 9,367     $ 9,915     $ 18,889     $ 17,461  
International
    6,577       5,699       13,474       11,281  
Total net revenues
  $ 15,944     $ 15,614     $ 32,363     $ 28,742  

 
 
   
Three Months Ended June 30,
   
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2011
         
2010
         
2011
         
2010
       
                                                 
International net revenue detail:
       
% of consolidated net revenue
         
% of consolidated net revenue
         
% of consolidated net revenue
         
% of consolidated net revenue
 
Australia
  $ 1,816       11.4 %   $ 1,546       9.9 %   $ 3,919       12.1 %   $ 3,131       10.9 %
Canada
    1,604       10.0       1,662       10.6       3,098       9.6       2,689       9.4  
Japan
    1,094       6.9       912       5.8       1,867       5.8       1,845       6.4  
China
    675       4.2       105       0.7       1,702       5.2       270       0.9  
South Africa
    646       4.0       564       3.6       1,278       3.9       995       3.5  
All Others
    742       4.7       910       5.8       1,610       5.0       2,351       8.2  
Total international revenue
  $ 6,577       41.2 %   $ 5,699       36.4 %   $ 13,474       41.6 %   $ 11,281       39.3 %
 
   
Three Months Ended June 30,
   
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2011
   
2010
 
Operating income (loss):
                       
United States
  $ 626     $ 954     $ 1,218     $ 1,124  
International
    (71 )     (179 )     (264 )     (310 )
Total operating income
  $ 555     $ 775     $ 954     $ 814  
 
   
June 30,
 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
Long lived assets:
           
United States
  $ 2,291     $ 2,231  
International
    543       657  
Total long lived assets
  $ 2,834     $ 2,888  

 
15

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited) (continued)
 
13.           Supplemental Balance Sheet Information (in thousands)
 
   
June 30,
 2011
   
December 31,
2010
 
Accounts receivable, net, consists of the following:
           
Trade
  $ 7,391     $ 9,846  
Unbilled
    4,358       3,914  
Non-trade
    334       382  
      12,083       14,142  
Less allowance for doubtful accounts
    (98 )     (143 )
Accounts receivable, net
  $ 11,985     $ 13,999  
 
   
June 30,
2011
   
December 31,
2010
 
Property and equipment, net, consists of the following:
           
Equipment
  $ 7,810     $ 7,893  
Furniture and fixtures
    532       541  
Leasehold improvements
    250       250  
Capitalized software development costs
    3,834       3,518  
      12,426       12,202  
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
    10,937       10,750  
Property and equipment, net
  $ 1,489     $ 1,452  
 
   
June 30,
2011
   
December 31,
2010
 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:
           
Accrued accounting and legal expense
  $ 158     $ 266  
Accrued salaries payable
    656       708  
Other
    899       1,759  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
  $ 1,713     $ 2,733  

14.           Foreign Currency Rate Fluctuations
 
The Company has foreign currency exposure with its international subsidiaries. In both 2011 and 2010, these exposures are primarily concentrated in the Australian Dollar, Canadian Dollar and Japanese Yen.  International revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 were $13.5 million and $11.3 million, respectively. The international division reported net losses of approximately $297,000 and $331,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
 
In those countries where the Company had risk for foreign currency exposure, the total assets were $6.4 million and total liabilities were $4.6 million based on exchange rates at June 30, 2011.
 
 
16

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited) (continued)
 
15.           Interest Rate Fluctuations
 
The Company is exposed to market risk related to the variable interest rate on its lines of credit, both in its United States subsidiaries (i.e., the Domestic Merchandising Services Division) and in its International (non-U.S.) subsidiaries (i.e., the International Merchandising Services Division). At June 30, 2011, the Company's outstanding lines of credit and other debt totaled approximately $3.4 million, as noted in the table below (in thousands):
 
Location
 
Variable Interest Rate (1)
   
US Dollars (2)
 
United States
    4.75%     $ 2,439  
International
    0.1% -10.2%       958  
            $ 3,397  
 
(1)
Based on interest rate at June 30, 2011.
(2)
Based on exchange rate at June 30, 2011.
 
Based on the 2011 average outstanding borrowings under variable-rate debt, a one-percentage point increase in interest rates would negatively impact pre-tax earnings and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2011 by approximately $15,000.
 
16.           Recently Issued Accounting Standards
 
In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income.” This ASU intends to enhance comparability and transparency of other comprehensive income components. The guidance provides an option to present total comprehensive income, the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income in a single continuous statement or two separate but consecutive statements. This ASU eliminates the option to present other comprehensive income components as part of the statement of changes in shareowners’ equity. The provisions of this ASU will be applied retrospectively for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. Early application is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this new ASU.
 
17.           Taxes
 
In July 2006, the FASB issued an interpretation, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, now codified as ASC Topic 740, which detailed guidance for the financial statement recognition, measurement and disclosure of uncertain tax positions recognized in an enterprise's financial statements.  Tax positions must meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold and requires that interest and penalties that the tax law requires to be paid on the underpayment of taxes should be accrued on the difference between the amount claimed or expected to be claimed on the return and the tax benefit recognized in the financial statements. The Company's policy is to record this interest and penalties as additional tax expense.  The Company's tax reserves at June 30, 2011, and December 31, 2010 totaled $43,000, for potential domestic state tax and federal tax liabilities.
 
SPAR and its subsidiaries file numerous consolidated, combined and separate company income tax returns in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction and in many U.S. state and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, SPAR is subject to U.S. Federal, state and local income tax examinations for the years 2005 through the present. However, tax authorities have the ability to review years prior to the position taken by the Company to the extent that SPAR utilized tax attributes carried forward from those prior years.
 
18.           Reclassifications
 
Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2010 financial statements to conform to the 2011 presentation.
 
 
17

 
 
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
 
Item 2.                      Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition, Results of Operations, Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Forward-Looking Statements
 
Statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the six months ended June 30, 2011 (this "Quarterly Report"), of SPAR Group, Inc. ("SGRP", and together with its subsidiaries, the "SPAR Group" or the "Company"), include "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act", and together with the Securities Act, the "Securities Laws"), including, in particular and without limitation, the discussions respecting net revenues from significant clients, significant chain work and international joint ventures, federal taxes and net operating loss carry forwards, commencement of operations and future funding of international joint ventures, credit facilities and covenant compliance, cost savings initiatives, liquidity and sources of cash availability in this "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition, Results of Operations, Liquidity and Capital Resources".  Such forward looking statements also are included in SGRP's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on March 15, 2011 (its "Annual Report"), including (without limitation) the statements contained in the discussions under the headings “Business”, “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”.  You can identify forward-looking statements in such information by the Company's use of terms such as "may", "will", "expect", "intend", "believe", "estimate", "anticipate", "continue" or similar words or variations or negatives of those words.  You should carefully consider all such information and the other risks and cautions noted in this Quarterly Report, the Company's Annual Report and the Company's other filings under applicable Securities Laws (including this Quarterly Report and the Company's Annual Report, each a "SEC Report") that could cause the Company's actual assets, business, capital, cash flow, credit, expenses, financial condition, income, liabilities, liquidity, locations, marketing, operations, prospects, sales, strategies, taxation or other achievement, results, risks or condition to differ materially from those anticipated by the Company and described in the information in the Company's forward-looking statements, whether express or implied, as the Company's anticipations are based upon the Company's plans, intentions and best estimates and (although the Company believe them to be reasonable) involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause them to fail to occur or be realized or to be materially and adversely different from those the Company anticipated.
 
Although the Company believes that its plans, intentions and estimates reflected or implied in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Company cannot assure you that such plans, intentions or estimates will be achieved in whole or in part, that the Company has identified all potential risks, or that the Company can successfully avoid or mitigate such risks in whole or in part. You should carefully review the risk factors described in this Quarterly Report and the Company's Annual Report (See Item 1A – Risk Factors) and any other cautionary statements contained or incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report, the Company's Annual Report or other SEC Report.  All forward-looking and other statements attributable to the Company or persons acting on its behalf are expressly subject to and qualified by all such risk factors and other cautionary statements.
 
You should not place undue reliance on the Company's forward-looking statements because the matters they describe are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other unpredictable factors, many of which are beyond its control.  The Company's forward-looking statements are based on the information currently available to it and speak only as of June 30, 2011 (in the case of this Quarterly Report), December 31, 2010 (in the case of the Company's Annual Report) or other referenced date or, in the case of forward-looking statements contained in or incorporated by reference from another SEC Report, as of the date of or other date referenced in the SEC Report that includes such statement. New risks and uncertainties arise from time to time, and it is impossible for the Company to predict these matters or how they may arise or affect the Company.  Over time, the Company's actual assets, business, capital, cash flow, credit, expenses, financial condition, income, liabilities, liquidity, locations, marketing, operations, prospects, sales, strategies, taxation or other achievements, results, risks or condition will likely differ from those expressed or implied by the Company's forward-looking statements, and such difference could be significant and materially adverse to the Company and  the value of your investment in the Company's Common Stock.
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
 
The Company does not intend or promise, and the Company expressly disclaims any obligation, to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, risk factors or other cautionary statements (in whole or in part), whether as a result of new information, future events or recognition or otherwise, except as and to the extent required by applicable law.
 
GENERAL
 
SPAR Group, Inc., (“SGRP”), and its subsidiaries (together with SGRP, the “SPAR Group” or the “Company”), is a diversified international merchandising and marketing services company and provides a broad array of services worldwide to help companies improve their sales, operating efficiency and profits at retail locations.  The Company provides its merchandising and other marketing services to manufacturers, distributors and retailers worldwide, primarily in mass merchandisers, office supply, grocery, drug store and other chains, and independent, convenience and electronics stores.  The Company also provides furniture and other product assembly services in stores, homes and offices.  Today the Company currently operates in 8 countries that encompass approximately 47% of the total world population through operations in the United States, Canada, Japan, South Africa, India, Romania, China and Australia.
 
An Overview of the Merchandising and Marketing Services Industry
 
According to industry estimates over two billion dollars is spent annually in the United States alone on retail merchandising and marketing services. The merchandising and marketing services industry includes manufacturers, retailers, food brokers and professional service merchandising companies. Merchandising services primarily consist of regularly scheduled, special project and other product services provided at the store level, and the Company may be engaged by either the retailer or the manufacturer.  Those services may include restocking and adding new products, removing spoiled or outdated products, resetting categories "on the shelf" in accordance with client or store schematics, confirming and replacing shelf tags, setting new sale or promotional product displays and advertising, replenishing kiosks, providing in-store event staffing, and providing assembly services in stores, homes and offices.  Other merchandising services include whole store or departmental product sets or resets, including new store openings, new product launches and in-store demonstrations, special seasonal or promotional merchandising, focused product support and product recalls.  The Company believes that merchandising and marketing services add value to retailers, manufacturers and other businesses and enhance sales by making a product more visible and more available to consumers.
 
Historically, retailers staffed their stores as needed to provide these services to ensure, that manufacturers’ inventory levels, the advantageous display of new items on shelves, and the maintenance of shelf schematics and product placement were properly merchandised. However retailers, in an effort to improve their margins, decreased their own store personnel and increased their reliance on manufacturers to perform such services. Initially, manufacturers attempted to satisfy the need for merchandising and marketing services in retail stores by utilizing their own sales representatives. Additionally, retailers also used their own employees to merchandise their stores to satisfy their own merchandising needs. However, both the manufacturers and the retailers discovered that using their own sales representatives and employees for this purpose was expensive and inefficient.
 
Manufacturers and retailers have been, and SPAR Group believes they will continue outsourcing their merchandising and marketing service needs to third parties capable of operating at a lower cost by (among other things) serving multiple manufacturers simultaneously.  The Company also believes that it is well positioned, as a domestic and international merchandising and marketing services company, to more effectively provide these services to retailers, manufacturers and other businesses around the world.
 
Another significant trend impacting the merchandising and marketing services business is the tendency of consumers to make product purchase decisions once inside the store. Accordingly, merchandising and marketing services and in-store product promotions have proliferated and diversified. Retailers are continually re-merchandising and re-modeling entire stores in an effort to respond to new product developments and changes in consumer preferences. We estimate that these activities have increased in frequency over the last five years. Both retailers and manufacturers are seeking third parties to help them meet the increased demand for these labor-intensive services.
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
 
In addition, the consolidation of many retailers has created opportunities for third party merchandisers when an acquired retailer's stores are converted to the look and format of the acquiring retailer. In many cases, stores are completely remodeled and re-merchandised after a consolidation.
 
SPAR Group believes the current trend in business toward globalization fits well with its expansion model. As companies expand into foreign markets they will need assistance in merchandising or marketing their products. As evidenced in the United States, retailer and manufacturer sponsored merchandising and marketing programs are both expensive and inefficient. The Company also believes that the difficulties encountered by these programs are only exacerbated by the logistics of operating in foreign markets. This environment has created an opportunity for the Company to exploit its internet, hand-held and smart phone-based technology and business model worldwide.
 
The Company's Domestic and International Geographic Divisions:
 
In order to cultivate foreign markets and expand the Company's merchandising and marketing services business outside of the United States, modify the necessary systems and implement its business model worldwide, and insure a consistent approach to its merchandising and marketing efforts worldwide, and even though it operates in a single business segment (merchandising and marketing services), the Company has divided its world focus into two geographic areas, the United States, which is the sales territory for its Domestic Merchandising Services Division, and international (i.e., all locations outside the United States), which are the sales territories for its International Merchandising Services Division.  To that end, the Company also (1) provides and requires all of its locations to use its Internet based operating, scheduling, tracking and reporting systems (including language translations, ongoing client and financial reports and ongoing IT support), (2) provides and requires all of its locations to comply with the Company's financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, (3) provides accounting and auditing support and tracks and reports certain financial and other information separately for those two divisions, and (4) has management teams in its corporate offices responsible for supporting and monitoring the management, sales, marketing and operations of each of the Company's international subsidiaries and maintaining consistency with the Company's other subsidiaries worldwide.
 
Each of these divisions provides merchandising and other marketing services primarily on behalf of consumer product manufacturers and retailers at mass merchandisers, drug store chains, convenience and grocery stores in their respective territories.  SPAR Group Inc.'s clients include the makers and distributors of home entertainment, general merchandise, health and beauty care, consumer goods and food products in their respective territories.
 
SPAR Group has provided merchandising and other marketing services in the United States since the formation of its predecessor in 1979 and outside the United States since it acquired its first international subsidiary in Japan in May of 2001.  Today the Company currently conducts its business through its domestic and international divisions in 8 territories around the world (listed in the table below) that encompass approximately 47% of the total world population.
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
 
The Company's international business in each territory outside the United States is conducted through a foreign subsidiary incorporated in its primary territory.  The primary territory (together with each additional territory in which it conducts its business), establishment date (which may include predecessors), the percentage of the Company's equity ownership, and the principal office location for its US (domestic) subsidiaries and each of its foreign (international) subsidiaries is as follows:
 
Primary Territory
(+ additional Territory)
 
Date
Established
 
 
SGRP Percentage Ownership
 
 
Principal Office Location
United States of America
 
1979
 
100%
 
Tarrytown, New York, United States of America
 
Japan
 
May 2001
 
100%
 
Osaka, Japan
Canada
 
June 2003
 
100%
 
Toronto, Canada
Turkey
 
July 2003
 
51%*
 
Istanbul, Turkey
South Africa
 
April 2004
 
51%
 
Durban, South Africa
India
 
April 2004
 
51%**
 
New Delhi, India
Lithuania
 
September 2005
 
51%***
   
Australia
 
April 2006
 
51%
 
Melbourne, Australia
Romania
 
July 2009
 
51%****
 
Bucharest, Romania
China
 
March 2010
 
  51%*****
 
Shanghai, China
             
     
*
Currently not in operation while the Company explores a change in this subsidiary's market focus.
**
In June 2011, effective July 2011, the Company sold 49% of its interest to Krognos Integrated Marketing Services Private Limited.
***
The Company closed this subsidiary's operations in Fourth Quarter 2010.
****
Currently the Company owns two subsidiaries in Romania.  One Subsidiary is 100% owned and the second subsidiary, acquired in July 2009, is 51% owned.
*****
Currently the Company owns two subsidiaries in China.  One Subsidiary is 100% owned and the second subsidiary, acquired in March 2010 and operational in August 2010, is 51% owned.

One key to the Company's international expansion strategy is its internally developed capability to translate all of its current and future proprietary Internet-based logistical, communications, scheduling, tracking and reporting software applications into any language for any market in which it operates or would like to enter.  Through the Company's IT operations currently located in the facilities in Auburn Hills, Michigan, it provides worldwide access to the Company's proprietary logistical, communications, scheduling, tracking and reporting software to its entire operations worldwide on a 24/7/365 basis.
 
Another key to the Company’s international strategy is its policy of seeking a material investor in a new subsidiary in an international location who is an experienced person or company in the local country who is not otherwise affiliated with the Company (each a "Local Investor").  The Company generally seeks to own at least 51% of a foreign subsidiary.  As of the date of this Quarterly Report, the Company owns 100% of the equity of its international subsidiaries in Canada and Japan, and one of its two international subsidiaries in each of China and Romania.  A Local Investor provides equity, credit support and certain services to each international subsidiary not wholly owned by the Company, as well as the useful local attention, perspective and relationships of an equity owner with a strong financial stake in such subsidiary's success.  The Company provides executive management and support to each foreign subsidiary as well its operational backbone (and the Company's procedures and controls) through its proprietary Internet-based logistical, communications, scheduling, tracking, reporting and accounting programs.  (See Item 1A in SGRP's Annual Report, Risks of Having Material Local Investors in International Subsidiaries.)
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 
The Company operates in the same single business segment (e.g., merchandising and marketing services) in both its domestic and international divisions, and the Company tracks and reports certain financial information separately for each of those divisions, as described above.  The Company measures the performance of its domestic and international divisions and subsidiaries using the same metrics.  The primary measurement utilized by management is operating profit level, historically the key indicator of long-term growth and profitability, as the Company is focused on reinvesting the operating profits of each of its international subsidiaries back into its local markets in an effort to improve its market share and continued expansion efforts.  Certain financial information regarding each of the Company's two geographic divisions, which includes their respective net revenues and operating income (loss) for each of the six months ended June 30, 2011, and June 30, 2010, and long-lived assets at June 30, 2011, and June 30, 2010, are provided in Note 12.
 
Critical Accounting Policies
 
There were no material changes during the six months ended June 30, 2011, to the Company's critical accounting policies as reported in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, as filed with the SEC on March 15, 2011.
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Results of Operations
 
Three months ended June 30, 2011, compared to three months ended June 30, 2010
 
The following table sets forth selected financial data and data as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated (in thousands, except percent data).
 
   
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
    $       %     $       %  
Net revenues
  $ 15,944       100.0 %   $ 15,614       100.0 %
Cost of revenues
    10,987       68.9       10,403       66.6  
Selling, general & administrative expense
    4,137       25.9       4,199       26.9  
Depreciation and amortization
    265       1.7       237       1.5  
Interest expense
    24       0.2       67       0.4  
Other (income) expense
    (2 )           88       0.6  
Income before income taxes
    533       3.3       620       4.0  
Provision for income taxes
    29       0.2       17       0.1  
Net income before non-controlling interest
    504       3.1       603       3.9  
Net (income) attributable to non-controlling interest
    (5 )           (9 )      
Net income attributable to Spar Group, Inc.
  $ 509       3.1 %   $ 612       3.9 %

Net Revenues
 
Net revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2011, were $15.9 million, compared to $15.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010, an increase of $330,000 or 2%.
 
Domestic net revenues totaled $9.4 million in the three months ended June 30, 2011, compared to $9.9 million for the same period in 2010. The domestic net revenue decrease of $548,000 or 6% was mainly attributable to extraordinary project revenue realized in the second quarter of 2010.
 
International net revenues totaled $6.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2011, compared to $5.7 million for the same period in 2010, an increase of $878,000 or 15%. The increase in 2011 international net revenues was primarily due to increases in China of $570,000 resulting from increased project work in the beverage category, in Australia of $270,000 due to a stronger performance in their entertainment category, and in Japan of $180,000, partially offset by a decrease in India due to the loss of a key client in the second quarter of 2010.
 
Cost of Revenues
 
The Company's cost of revenues consists of its in-store labor and field management wages, related benefits, travel and other direct labor-related expenses and was 68.9% of its net revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2011 compared to 66.6% of its net revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2010.
 
Domestic cost of revenues was 68.7% and 65.6% of net revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The cost of revenue percentage increase of 3.1% was due primarily to an unfavorable mix of 2011 syndicated and project work as compared to 2010 levels.  Approximately 85% and 88% of the Company's domestic cost of revenues in the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, resulted from in-store merchandiser specialist and field management services purchased from certain of the Company's affiliates, SPAR Marketing Services, Inc. ("SMS"), and SPAR Management Services, Inc. ("SMSI"), respectively (See - Note 6 - Related-Party Transactions).
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Internationally, the cost of revenues increased to 69.2% of net revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2011, compared to 68.5% of net revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2010. The cost of revenue percentage increase of 0.7% was primarily due to the mix of business specifically in the China market.
 
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses of the Company include its corporate overhead, project management, information technology, executive compensation, human resources, legal and accounting expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses were approximately $4.1 million and $4.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010.  The decrease of $100,000 was primarily in domestic operations as the Company continues its cost management efforts.
 
Depreciation and Amortization
 
Depreciation and amortization charges totaled $265,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2011, and $237,000 for the same period in 2010.
 
Interest Expense
 
The Company's net interest expense was $24,000 and $67,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.  The reduction in interest was a direct result of lower debt requirements in 2011.
 
Other Income and Expense
 
The net other income of $2,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2011, reflects income from a favorable legal judgment.  The net other expense of $88,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2010 primarily represents final legal expenses related to the Safeway settlement.
 
Income Taxes
 
The income tax provision for the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 was $29,000 and $17,000, respectively. The tax provision resulted primarily from domestic state taxes and for tax provisions related to certain international profits.  The Company recognizes minimum federal tax provisions as the Company anticipates utilizing operating loss carry forwards in 2011.
 
Non-controlling Interest
 
Net operating profits from the non-controlling interest, from the Company's 51% owned subsidiaries, resulted in a reduction of net income of $5,000 and $9,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2011and June 30, 2010, respectively.
 
Net Income
 
The Company reported a net income of $509,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2011, or $0.02 per diluted share, compared to a net income of $612,000, or $0.03 per diluted share, for the corresponding period last year.
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 
Results of Operations
 
Six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to six months ended June 30, 2010
 
The following table sets forth selected financial data and data as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated (in thousands, except percent data).
 
   
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
    $       %     $       %  
Net revenues
  $ 32,363       100.0 %   $ 28,742       100.0 %
Cost of revenues
    22,170       68.5       19,261       67.0  
Selling, general & administrative expense
    8,711       26.9       8,171       28.4  
Depreciation and amortization
    528       1.7       496       1.7  
Interest expense
    106       0.3       102       0.4  
Other expense
    7             91       0.3  
Income before income taxes
    841       2.6       621       2.2  
Provision for income taxes
    53       0.2       34       0.1  
Net income before non-controlling interest
    788       2.4       587       2.1  
Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interest
    26       0.1       (61 )     (0.2 )
Net income attributable to Spar Group, Inc.
  $ 762       2.3 %   $ 648       2.3 %

Net Revenues
 
Net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2011, were $32.4 million, compared to $28.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, an increase of $3.6 million or 13%.
 
Domestic net revenues totaled $18.9 million in the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to $17.5 million for the same period in 2010. Domestic net revenues increased by $1.4 million or 8% primarily attributable to continued growth from the Company’s syndicated services as well as growth in the assembly business.
 
International net revenues totaled $13.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to $11.3 million for the same period in 2010, an increase of $2.2 million or 19%. The increase in 2011 international net revenues was primarily due to increases in China of $1.4 million resulting from increased project work in the beverage category, in Australia of $788,000 due to a stronger performance in their entertainment category, and in Canada of $410,000 primarily attributed to the Wings and Ink business acquired in the second quarter of 2010, partially offset by a decrease in India due to the loss of a key client in the second quarter of 2010.
 
Cost of Revenues
 
The Company's cost of revenues consists of its in-store labor and field management wages, related benefits, travel and other direct labor-related expenses and was 68.5% of net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to 67.0% of net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
 
Domestic cost of revenues was 67.1% of net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2011, and 64.7% of net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2010. The increase in cost of revenues as a percentage of net revenues was 2.4% due primarily to an unfavorable mix of syndicated and project work compared to last year.  Approximately 87 % and 86% of the Company's domestic cost of revenues in the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, resulted from in-store merchandiser specialist and field management services purchased from certain of the Company's affiliates, SPAR Marketing Services, Inc. ("SMS"), and SPAR Management Services, Inc. ("SMSI"), respectively (See - Note 6 - Related-Party Transactions).
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Cost of revenue as a percent of net revenue improved slightly to 70.4% of net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to 70.6% of net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
 
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses of the Company include its corporate overhead, project management, information technology, executive compensation, human resources, legal and accounting expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses were approximately $8.7 million and $8.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010.
 
Domestic selling, general and administrative expenses totaled $4.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to $4.6 million for the same period in 2010, reflecting an decrease of approximately $100,000 due primarily to salary and related benefit expenses.
 
International selling, general and administrative expenses totaled $4.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to $3.6 million for the same period in 2010. The increase of approximately $600,000 was primarily due to salary and other employee related benefit expenses in the markets of Australia, China and Japan and increased spending in Canada reflects the Wings and Ink business acquisition in the second quarter of 2010.
 
Depreciation and Amortization
 
Depreciation and amortization charges totaled $528,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2011, and $496,000 for the same period in 2010.
 
Interest Expense
 
The Company's net interest expense was $106,000 and $102,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
 
Other Expense
 
Other net expense totaled $7,000 and $91,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.   The net other expense for the six months ended June 30, 2011, includes approximately $30,000 of income from a favorable legal judgment.  The net other expense for the six months ended June 30, 2010 primarily represents final legal expenses related to the Safeway settlement.
 
Income Taxes
 
The income tax provision for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 was $53,000 and $34,000, respectively. The tax provision resulted primarily from domestic state taxes and for tax provisions related to certain international profits.  The Company recognizes minimum federal tax provisions as the Company anticipates utilizing operating loss carry forwards in 2011.
 
Non-controlling Interest
 
Net operating loss from the non-controlling interest, from the Company's 51% owned subsidiaries, resulted in an increase of $26,000 in net income for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to net operating income from the non-controlling interest, resulting in a decrease of $61,000 in net income for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
 
Net Income
 
The Company reported a net income of $762,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2011, or $0.04 per share, compared to a net income of $648,000, or $0.03 per share, for the corresponding period last year.
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
In the six months ended June 30, 2011, the Company had net income before non-controlling interest of $788,000.
 
Net cash provided by operating activities was $2.4 million and net cash used by operating activities $702,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.  The increase in net cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to a reduction in accounts receivable.
 
Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2011, and March 31, 2010, was approximately $264,000 and $789,000, respectively. The net cash used in investing activities was primarily a result of fixed asset additions.
 
Net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2011, was approximately $1.9 million and net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $828,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively.  Net cash used in financing activities in 2011 was primarily a result of payments on lines of credit.
 
The above activity resulted in an increase in cash and cash equivalents for the six months ended June 30, 2011, of $341,000.
 
At June 30, 2011, the Company had working capital of $5.9 million, as compared to working capital of $4.4 million at December 31, 2010. The Company's current ratio was 1.7 and 1.4 at June 30, 2011, and at December 31, 2010, respectively.
 
Domestic Credit Facility (“Webster Credit Facility) (reporting period through July 5, 2010):
 
In January 2003, the Company (other than SGRP’s foreign subsidiaries) and Webster Business Credit Corporation, then known as Whitehall Business Credit Corporation (“Webster”), entered into the Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (as amended, collectively, the “Webster Credit Facility”). The Webster Credit Facility, as amended, provided for a $5.0 million revolving line of credit which matured on September 15, 2010.
 
The basic interest rate under the Webster Credit Facility was the greater of i) Webster’s “Alternative Base Rate” plus 1.0% per annum, which automatically changed with each change made by Webster in such Alternative Base Rate, ii) LIBOR plus 2.75% per annum, or iii) the minimum rate imposed by Webster of 5% per annum. The actual average interest rate under the Webster Credit Facility was 5% per annum for the period that commenced on January 1, 2010, and ended on July 5, 2010.  The Webster Credit Facility was secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company (other than SGRP’s foreign subsidiaries and their assets).
 
On July 6, 2010, the Webster Credit Facility was repaid in full and replaced with the Sterling Credit Facility.
 
Domestic Credit Facility (“Sterling Credit Facility”) (July 6, 2010, to present):
 
SGRP and certain of its domestic direct and indirect subsidiaries, namely SPAR Marketing Force, Inc., National Assembly Services, Inc., SPAR Group International, Inc., SPAR Trademarks, Inc., SPAR Incentive Marketing, Inc., PIA Merchandising Co., Inc., and SPAR Acquisition, Inc. (each a "Subsidiary Borrower", and together with SGRP, collectively, the " Borrowers "), entered into a Revolving Loan and Security Agreement dated as of July 6, 2010 (the "Loan Agreement"), with Sterling National Bank and Cornerstone Bank as the lenders (the "Lenders"), and issued their Secured Revolving Loan Notes in the original maximum principal amounts of $5.0 million to Sterling National Bank and $1.5 million to Cornerstone Bank (the "Notes"), to document and govern its new credit facility with them (the "Sterling Credit Facility").   The Sterling Credit Facility replaced the Webster Credit Facility on July 6, 2010, and the first advance under such new facility was used to fully repay and terminate the Webster Credit Facility and its documents and liens.  In June 2011, the Lenders agreed to: (1) reduce the personal guarantee limits as noted below, and (2) extend the maturity of the Sterling Credit Facility until July 2013.
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
 
In addition, Mr. Robert G. Brown, a Director, the Chairman and a major stockholder of SGRP, and Mr. William H. Bartels, a Director, the Vice Chairman and a major stockholder of SGRP, have provided personal guarantees of the Sterling Credit Facility totaling $1,250,000 pursuant to their Limited Continuing Guaranty in favor of the Lenders dated as of July 6, 2010, as amended in June 2011 (the "Limited Guaranty").
 
Revolving Loans of up to $6.5 million are available to the Borrowers under this new Sterling Credit Facility based upon the borrowing base formula defined in the Loan Agreement (principally 85% of "eligible" domestic accounts receivable less certain reserves).  The Sterling Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Borrowers (other than SGRP's foreign subsidiaries, certain designated domestic subsidiaries, and their respective equity and assets).
 
The domestic revolving loan balances outstanding under the Sterling Credit Facility were approximately $2.9 million and $3.5 million at June 30, 2011, and December 31, 2010, respectively.  As of June 30, 2011, the Company had unused availability under the Sterling Credit Facility of $1.8 million out of the remaining maximum $3.6 million unused revolving line of credit.
 
The basic interest rate under the Sterling Credit Facility is equal to the fluctuating Prime Rate of interest published in the Wall Street Journal from time to time plus one and one-half  (1.50%) percent per annum, which automatically changes with each change in such rate.  The aggregate interest rate on June 30, 2011, was 4.75% per annum under that formula.
 
Due of the requirement to maintain a lock box arrangement with the Agent and the Lenders' ability to invoke a subjective acceleration clause at its discretion, borrowings under the Sterling Credit Facility will be classified as current.
 
The Sterling Credit Facility contains certain financial and other restrictive covenants and also limits certain expenditures by the Borrowers, including, but not limited to, capital expenditures and other investments.  At June 30, 2011, the Company was in compliance with such covenants and does not expect to be in violation at future measurement dates. However, there can be no assurances that the Company will not be in violation of certain covenants in the future, and should the Company be in violation; there can be no assurances that the Lenders will issue waivers for any future violations.
 
International Credit Facilities:
 
On March 7, 2011, the Japanese subsidiary, SPAR FM Japan, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary, secured a loan with Mizuho Bank in the amount of 20.0 million Japanese Yen, or approximately $244,000.  The loan is payable in monthly installments of 238,000 Yen or $2,900 at an interest rate of 0.1% per annum with a maturity date of February 28, 2018.  The outstanding balance at June 30, 2011, was approximately 19.0 million Yen or $235,000 (based upon the exchange rate at June 30, 2011).
 
In 2008, the Australian subsidiary, SPARFACTS Australia Pty. Ltd., entered into a revolving line of credit arrangement with Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) for $2.0 million (Australian).  On September 11, 2009, the line of credit arrangement was amended to reduce the line of credit to $1.5 million (Australian), or approximately $1.6 million (based upon the exchange rate at June 30, 2011).  There was no outstanding borrowing under the credit facility as of June 30, 2011.  At December 31, 2010, SPARFACTS Australia Pty. Ltd. had $540,000 (Australian), or approximately $548,000, outstanding under the line of credit (based upon the exchange rate at that date). The average interest rate under this facility was 10.2% per annum for the six months ended June 30, 2011.
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
 
On October 20, 2006, SPAR Canada Company, a wholly owned subsidiary, entered into a secured credit agreement with Royal Bank of Canada providing for a Demand Operating Loan for a maximum borrowing of $750,000 (Canadian) or approximately $768,000 (based upon the exchange rate at June 30, 2011). The Demand Operating Loan provides for borrowing based upon a formula as defined in the agreement (principally 75% of eligible accounts receivable less certain deductions) and a minimum total debt to tangible net worth covenant.  On March 28, 2008, Royal Bank of Canada amended the secured credit agreement to reduce the maximum borrowing to $500,000 (Canadian) however, in October 2008, Royal Bank of Canada reinstated the loan limit to $750,000 (Canadian). At June 30, 2011, SPAR Canada Company had $310,000 (Canadian) or $317,000 outstanding under the line of credit (based upon the exchange rate at June 30, 2011).  At December 31, 2010, SPAR Canada had $623,000 outstanding under the line of credit (the exchange rate at that date was $1 CAD to $1 USD).  The average interest rate under this line of credit was 4% per annum for the six months ended June 30, 2011.The Company was in compliance with the minimum total debt to tangible net worth covenant under this line of credit at June 30, 2011.
 
At the March 2010 quarterly board meeting of SGRP, the Board of Directors authorized the Company to secure bridge financing for future acquisition efforts in an amount not to exceed $1.0 million. On March 26, 2010 the Company signed a Loan and Security Agreement and a Promissory Note with Michael Anthony Holdings, Inc. for a total of $1.0 million and the Company received its first advance of $500,000 which was used for the acquisition of certain assets of a Canadian company that closed on April 1, 2010. The remaining $500,000 balance of the originally-contemplated loan was never advanced to the Company.  The parties amended the loan agreement on November 5, 2010, to reduce the applicable interest rate from 14% to 9.5%.  The loan was payable on an interest only basis and matured on March 31, 2011, and was paid in full on that date.  In addition to the cost of interest, the Company paid, at closing, a fee of $10,000 in cash and issued 75,000 warrants to purchase 75,000 shares of SGRP Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.85 per Common share. In 2010, the Company recorded an expense of $52,000 for the cost of these warrants.  On April 26, 2011, Michael Anthony Holdings, Inc. exercised its rights under the warrant agreement to purchase 75,000 shares of SGRP Common Stock at $0.85 per share at a total exercise price of $63,750.
 
The Company's international business model is to partner with local merchandising companies and combine the Company's proprietary software and expertise in the merchandising and marketing services business with their partner's knowledge of the local market. In 2001, the Company established its first subsidiary in Japan and has continued this strategy. As of this filing, the Company is currently operating in 8 countries and has 7 international subsidiaries. Certain of these international subsidiaries are profitable, while others are operating at a loss. In the event of continued losses, the Company may be required to provide additional cash infusions into those subsidiaries with losses.
 
Management believes that based upon the continuation of the Company's existing credit facilities, projected results of operations, vendor payment requirements and other financing available to the Company (including amounts due to affiliates), sources of cash availability should be manageable and sufficient to support ongoing operations over the next twelve months.  However, continued international losses, delays in collection of receivables due from any of the Company's major clients, or a significant reduction in business from such clients could have a material adverse effect on the Company's cash resources and its ongoing ability to fund operations.
 
Certain Contractual Obligations
 
The following table contains a summary of certain of the Company's contractual obligations by category as of June 30, 2011 (in thousands):
 
      Period in which payments are due  
Contractual Obligations    
Total
     
Less than 1 year
     
1-3 years
     
3-5 years
     
More than 5 years
 
Lines of Credit and Other Debt
  $ 3,397     $ 3,196     $ 103     $ 68     $ 30  
Capital Lease Obligations
    365       78       287              
Operating Lease Obligations
    2,219       641       1,361       217        
Total
  $ 5,981     $ 3,915     $ 1,751     $ 285     $ 30  
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
 
Item 3.      Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
 
The Company's accounting policies for financial instruments and disclosures relating to financial instruments require that the Company's consolidated balance sheets include the following financial instruments: cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and lines of credit. The Company carries current assets and liabilities at their stated or face amounts in its consolidated financial statements, as the Company believes those amounts approximate the fair value for these items because of the relatively short period of time between origination of the asset or liability and their expected realization or payment. The Company monitors the risks associated with asset and liability positions, as well as interest rates. The Company's investment policy objectives require the preservation and safety of the principal, and the maximization of the return on investment based upon its safety and liquidity objectives.
 
The Company is exposed to market risk related to the variable interest rate on its lines of credit, both in its United States subsidiaries (i.e., the Domestic Merchandising Services Division) and in its International (non-U.S.) subsidiaries (i.e., the International Merchandising Services Division). At June 30, 2011, the Company's outstanding lines of credit and other debt totaled approximately $3.4 million, as noted in the table below (in thousands):
 
Location
 
Variable Interest Rate (1)
   
US Dollars (2)
 
United States
    4.75 %   $ 2,439  
International
    0.1% -10.2 %     958  
            $ 3,397  

(1)
Based on interest rate at June 30, 2011.
(2)
Based on exchange rate at June 30, 2011.
 
Based on the 2011 average outstanding borrowings under variable-rate debt, a one-percentage point increase in interest rates would negatively impact pre-tax earnings and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2011, by approximately $15,000.
 
The Company has foreign currency exposure with its international subsidiaries. In both 2011 and 2010, these exposures are primarily concentrated in the Australian Dollar, Canadian Dollar and Japanese Yen. International revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 were $13.5 million and $11.3 million, respectively. The international division reported a net loss of approximately $297,000 and $331,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
 
In those countries where the Company had risk for foreign currency exposure, the total assets were $6.4 million and total liabilities were $4.6 million based on exchange rates at June 30, 2011.
 
Item 4.      Controls and Procedures
 
Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the registrant, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f).  Management has designed such internal control over financial reporting by the Company to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.
 
The Company’s management has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting using the “Internal Control – Integrated Framework (1992)” created by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) framework.  Based on this evaluation, management has concluded that internal controls over financial reporting were effective as of June 30, 2011.
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Management's Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
The Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer have each reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this report, as required by Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(b) and Rule 15d-15(b). Based on that evaluation, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer have each concluded that the Company’s current disclosure controls and procedures are effective to insure that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports it files, or submits under the Exchange Act were recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time period specified in the Commission’s rules and forms.  Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
 
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s second quarter of its 2011 fiscal year that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1.      Legal Proceedings
 
Longstanding litigation with Safeway Inc. ("Safeway") concluded in August 2010. On October 24, 2001, Safeway filed a complaint against PIA Merchandising Co., Inc. ("PIA Co."), a wholly-owned subsidiary of SPAR Group, Inc. ("SGRP"), Pivotal Sales Company ("Pivotal"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of PIA Co., and SGRP in Alameda County (California) Superior Court, case no. 2001028498.  Safeway’s claims, as subsequently amended, alleged causes of action for breach of contract and breach of implied contract. PIA Co. and Pivotal filed cross-claims against Safeway, including causes of action for breach of contract and interference with economic relationships. The case proceeded to trial by jury.  On May 26, 2006, the jury returned a verdict that awarded certain damages on different claims to PIA Co. and Pivotal and awarded certain damages to Safeway, resulting in a net award of $1,307,700 to Pivotal. Judgment was entered in favor of Pivotal and against Safeway on August 14, 2006, for $1,307,700. A subsequent order awarded Pivotal certain court costs totaling $33,725.
 
Thereafter, both sides filed appeals. On May 27, 2010, the California Court of Appeal issued a decision affirming the judgment in full. All appellate proceedings concluded on July 28, 2010.  On August 2, 2010, Safeway tendered, and the Company accepted, payment of $1,888,000 in full payment of the judgment.
 
In addition to the above, the Company is a party to various other legal actions and administrative proceedings arising in the normal course of business. In the opinion of the Company's management, disposition of these other matters are not anticipated to have a material adverse effect on the Company or its estimated or desired assets, business, capital, cash flow, credit, expenses, financial condition, income, liabilities, liquidity, locations, marketing, operations, prospects, sales, strategies, taxation or other achievement, results or condition.
 
Item 1A.      Risk Factors
 
Existing Risk Factors
 
SGRP's Annual Report describes various risk factors applicable to the Company and its businesses in Item 1A under the caption "Risk Factors", which risk factors are incorporated by reference into this Quarterly Report. There have been no material changes in the Company's risk factors since the Company's Annual Report for 2010 on Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC on March 15, 2011.
 
Item 2.      Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
Item 2(a):
        As previously reported, on March 26, 2010, SGRP agreed with Michael Anthony Holdings, Inc. ("MAH"), to privately issue warrants to MAH to purchase 75,000 shares of SGRP Common Stock to in consideration of MAH's term loan to SGRP (as that loan is more fully described in Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in SGRP's Annual Report respecting 2010), which warrants had an exercise price of $0.85 per share (the fair market value at the time of such agreement) and would have expired on March 26, 2012.  On April 15, 2011, MAH exercised those warrants and paid the exercise price for the underlying warrant shares in full, and in turn SGRP issued 75,000 shares of its Common Stock to MAH.  The offer and sale of those warrants and shares were not registered under the Securities Act or other securities laws, as they were made in a non-public offer and sale made in reliance upon (among other things) Section 4 (2) of the Securities Act.  The proceeds from such exercise were used by SGRP for general corporate purposes.
 
Item 2(b): Not applicable
Item 2(c): Not applicable
 
Item 3.       Defaults upon Senior Securities
 
Item 3(a): Defaults under Indebtedness: None.
Item 3(b): Defaults under Preferred Stock: None.
 
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 
Item 4.       Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
 
Not applicable. 
 
Item 5.       Other Information
 
Not applicable.
 
Item 6.       Exhibits
 
31.1
Certification of the CEO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as filed herewith.
31.2
Certification of the CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as filed herewith.
32.1
Certification of the CEO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as filed herewith.
32.2
Certification of the CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as filed herewith.
 
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SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 

 
Date: August 5, 2011  
SPAR Group, Inc., Registrant
   
   
 
By: /s/ James R. Segreto
 
James R. Segreto
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, Secretary
and duly authorized signatory
 
 

 
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