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EX-32.1 - United Development Funding IVv222341_ex32-1.htm
EX-31.2 - United Development Funding IVv222341_ex31-2.htm
EX-31.1 - United Development Funding IVv222341_ex31-1.htm

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.  20549

FORM 10-Q
[Mark One]

x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
 
 
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2011

OR

o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
 
 
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 

For the transition period from ____________ to ____________

Commission File Number: 000-54383

United Development Funding IV
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Maryland
 
26-2775282
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1301 Municipal Way, Suite 100, Grapevine, Texas 76051
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:  (214) 370-8960

N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant:  (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes x   No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes o   No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer o
Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer x (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o   No x

The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant’s common shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.01 per share, as of the close of business on April 29, 2011 was 3,833,185.

 
 

 

UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING IV
FORM 10-Q
Quarter Ended March 31, 2011

PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
     
Item 1.
Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
     
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2011 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2010 (Audited)
3
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 (Unaudited)
4
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 (Unaudited)
5
     
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
6
     
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
22
     
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
39
     
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures.
39
     
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
     
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings.
41
     
Item 1A.
Risk Factors.
41
     
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
41
     
Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
42
     
Item 4.
(Removed and Reserved)
42
     
Item 5.
Other Information.
42
     
Item 6.
Exhibits.
42
     
Signatures.
 
43

 
2

 

PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING IV
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

   
March 31,
2011
   
December 31,
2010
 
   
(unaudited)
   
(audited)
 
Assets
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 6,959,064     $ 2,543,501  
Restricted cash
    689,967       689,967  
Accrued interest receivable
    2,489,092       1,503,367  
Accrued receivable – related parties
    830,327       553,515  
Loan participation interest – related parties
    9,924,362       6,190,133  
Notes receivable, net
    55,776,882       53,800,754  
Notes receivable – related parties
    11,650,001       5,627,299  
Deferred offering costs
    7,790,965       7,372,116  
Other assets
    1,225,003       1,290,132  
Total assets
  $ 97,335,663     $ 79,570,784  
                 
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
               
Liabilities:
               
Accrued liabilities
  $ 226,001     $ 237,391  
Accrued liabilities – related parties
    8,390,130       8,103,153  
Distributions payable
    286,565       451,510  
Senior credit facility
    2,213,471       1,929,669  
Lines of credit
    7,310,504       4,087,797  
Notes payable
    17,930,000       18,167,025  
Total liabilities
    36,356,671       32,976,545  
                 
Commitments and contingencies
               
                 
Shareholders’ equity:
               
Shares of beneficial interest; $0.01 par value; 400,000,000 shares authorized; 3,512,417 shares issued and 3,507,417 shares outstanding at March 31, 2011, and 2,681,454 shares issued and 2,678,954 shares outstanding at December 31, 2010, respectively
    35,124       26,814  
Additional paid-in-capital
    61,272,140       46,750,375  
Accumulated deficit
    (228,272 )     (132,950 )
      61,078,992       46,644,239  
Less:  Treasury stock, 5,000 shares at March 31, 2011 and 2,500 shares at December 31, 2010, at cost
    (100,000 )     (50,000 )
Total shareholders’ equity
    60,978,992       46,594,239  
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 97,335,663     $ 79,570,784  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

 
3

 

UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING IV
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Revenues:
           
Interest income – related parties
  $ 483,221     $ 197,767  
Interest income
    1,869,566       2,632  
Commitment fee income
    35,876       -  
Total revenues
    2,388,663       200,399  
                 
Expenses:
               
Interest expense
    443,338       47,158  
Advisory fee – related parties
    347,259       45,650  
Provision for loan losses
    93,795       -  
General and administrative
    296,064       106,607  
                 
Total expenses
    1,180,456       199,415  
                 
Net income
  $ 1,208,207     $ 984  
                 
Net income per share of beneficial interest
  $ 0.39     $ 0.00  
                 
Weighted average shares outstanding
    3,069,357       394,946  
                 
Distributions per weighted average share outstanding
  $ 0.42     $ 0.32  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

 
4

 

UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING IV
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Operating Activities
           
Net income
  $ 1,208,207     $ 984  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
               
Provision for loan losses
    93,795       -  
Amortization expense
    115,231       9,848  
Changes in assets and liabilities:
               
Accrued interest receivable
    (985,725 )     (2,344 )
Accrued receivable – related parties
    (276,812 )     (44,275 )
Other assets
    (50,102 )     (32,093 )
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
    (11,390 )     31,822  
Net cash used in operating activities
    93,204       (36,058 )
                 
Investing Activities
               
Investments in loan participation interests – related parties
    (4,010,648 )     (10,252,668 )
Principal receipts from loan participation interests – related parties
    276,419       1,263,333  
Investments in notes receivable
    (6,230,227 )     (3,447,407 )
Principal receipts from notes receivable
    4,160,304       -  
Investments in notes receivable – related parties
    (7,593,164 )     (1,553,979 )
Principal receipts from notes receivable – related parties
    1,570,462       436,866  
Net cash used in investing activities
    (11,826,854 )     (13,553,855 )
                 
Financing Activities
               
Proceeds from issuance of shares of beneficial interest
    16,078,249       12,500,746  
Purchase of treasury shares
    (50,000 )     -  
Proceeds from senior credit facility
    283,802       -  
Net borrowings on lines of credit
    3,222,707       -  
Proceeds from notes payable
    1,866,491       7,500,000  
Payments on notes payable
    (2,103,516 )     -  
Distributions
    (1,468,474 )     (74,012 )
Shareholders’ distribution reinvestment
    541,029       26,586  
Escrow payable
    -       (667,300 )
Restricted cash
    -       500,400  
Payments of offering costs
    (2,089,203 )     (1,624,929 )
Deferred offering costs
    (418,849 )     (15,072 )
Accrued liabilities – related parties
    286,977       271,444  
Net cash provided by financing activities
    16,149,213       18,417,863  
                 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
    4,415,563       4,827,950  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    2,543,501       520,311  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 6,959,064     $ 5,348,261  
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
         
Cash paid for interest
  $ 445,267     $ -  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

 
5

 

UNITED DEVELOPMENT FUNDING IV
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

A. Nature of Business
 
United Development Funding IV (which may be referred to as the “Trust,” “we,” “our,” or “UDF IV”) was organized on May 28, 2008 (“Inception”) as a Maryland real estate investment trust (a “REIT”).  The Trust is the sole general partner of and owns a 99.999% partnership interest in United Development Funding IV Operating Partnership, L.P. (“UDF IV OP”), a Delaware limited partnership.  UMTH Land Development, L.P. (“UMTH LD”), a Delaware limited partnership and the affiliated asset manager of the Trust, is the sole limited partner and owner of 0.001% (minority interest) of the partnership interests in UDF IV OP.  At March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, UDF IV OP had no assets, liabilities or equity.  The Trust owns a 100% limited partnership interest in UDF IV Home Finance, LP (“UDF IV HF”), UDF IV Finance I, LP (“UDF IV FI”), UDF IV Finance II, LP (“UDF IV FII”), and UDF IV Acquisitions, LP (“UDF IV AC”), all Delaware limited partnerships.  The Trust is the sole member of (i) UDF IV HF Manager, LLC (“UDF IV HFM”), a Delaware limited liability company, the general partner of UDF IV HF; (ii) UDF IV Finance I Manager, LLC (“UDF IV FIM”), a Delaware limited liability company, the general partner of UDF IV FI; (iii) UDF IV Finance II Manager, LLC (“UDF IV FIIM”), a Delaware limited liability company, the general partner of UDF IV FII; and (iv) UDF IV Acquisitions Manager, LLC (“UDF IV ACM”), a Delaware limited liability company, the general partner of UDF IV AC.
 
As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, UDF IV HFM, UDF IV FIM, UDF IV FIIM, and UDF IV ACM had no assets, liabilities, or equity.
 
The Trust uses substantially all of the net proceeds from the public offering of common shares of beneficial interest in the Trust to originate, purchase, participate in and hold for investment secured loans made directly by the Trust or indirectly through its affiliates to persons and entities for the acquisition and development of parcels of real property as single-family residential lots, and the construction of model and new single-family homes, including development of mixed-use master planned residential communities. The Trust also makes direct investments in land for development into single-family lots, new and model homes and portfolios of finished lots and homes; provides credit enhancements to real estate developers, home builders, land bankers and other real estate investors; and purchases participations in, or finances for other real estate investors the purchase of, securitized real estate loan pools and discounted cash flows secured by state, county, municipal or other similar assessments levied on real property. The Trust also may enter into joint ventures with unaffiliated real estate developers, home builders, land bankers and other real estate investors, or with other United Development Funding-sponsored programs, to originate or acquire, as the case may be, the same kind of secured loans or real estate investments the Trust may originate or acquire directly.
 
UMTH General Services, L.P. (“UMTH GS” or “Advisor”), a Delaware limited partnership, is the Trust’s advisor and is responsible for managing the Trust’s affairs on a day-to-day basis.  UMTH GS has engaged UMTH LD as the Trust’s asset manager.  The asset manager oversees the investing and financing activities of the affiliated programs managed and advised by the Advisor and UMTH LD as well as oversees and provides the Trust’s board of trustees recommendations regarding investments and finance transactions, management, policies and guidelines and reviews investment transaction structure and terms, investment underwriting, investment collateral, investment performance, investment risk management, and the Trust’s capital structure at both the entity and asset level.
 
The Trust has no employees.  The Trust’s offices are located in Grapevine, Texas.
 
B. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
A summary of our significant accounting policies consistently applied in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements follows:

 
6

 
 
Basis of Presentation
 
These consolidated unaudited financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information, with the instructions to Form 10-Q and with Regulation S-X.  They do not include all information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements.  However, except as disclosed herein, there has been no material change to the information disclosed in our 2010 Annual Report on Form 10-K.  The interim unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with those filed financial statements.  In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary to present fairly our financial position as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and operating results and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.  Operating results and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2011.
 
Principles of Consolidation
 
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Trust and certain wholly-owned subsidiaries and all significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.  Actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.  At March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, there were no such amounts included in cash and cash equivalents.
 
Restricted Cash
 
Restricted cash includes deposits associated with certain guarantees.
 
Loan Participation Interest – Related Parties
 
Loan participation interest – related parties represents the purchase of a financial interest in certain interim construction loan and finished lot loan facilities originated by our affiliates.  We participate in these loans by funding the lending obligations of our affiliates under these credit facilities up to a maximum amount for each participation.  Such participations entitle us to receive payments of principal and interest from the borrower up to the amounts funded by us.  The participation interests are typically collateralized by promissory notes, first or second lien deeds of trust on the homes financed under the construction loans or lots financed under the lot loan facilities, and other loan documents.  The participations have terms ranging from 12 to 27 months and bear interest at rates ranging from 13% to 15%.  The participation interests may be paid off prior to maturity; however, we intend to hold all participation interests for the life of the loans.
 
Notes Receivable and Notes Receivable – Related Parties
 
Notes receivable and notes receivable – related parties are recorded at the lower of cost or net realizable value.  The notes are collateralized by a first or second lien deed of trust on the underlying real estate collateral or a pledge of ownership interests in the borrower, as well as promissory notes, assignments of certain lot sales contracts and earnest money, and other loan documents.  The majority of the notes have terms ranging from 12 to 47 months and bear interest at rates ranging from 13% to 15%.  The notes may be paid off prior to maturity; however, the Trust intends to hold all notes for the life of the notes.
 
 
7

 

Allowance for Loan Losses
 
The allowance for loan losses is our estimate of incurred losses in our portfolio of loan participation interests, notes receivable, and notes receivable – related parties.  We periodically perform a detailed review of our portfolio of mortgage notes and other loans to determine if impairment has occurred and to assess the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.  We charge additions to the allowance for loan losses to current period earnings through a provision for loan losses.  Additionally, we charge additions to the allowance for loan losses for income suspended in the current period.  Amounts determined to be uncollectible are charged directly against (and decrease) the allowance for loan losses (“charged off”), while amounts recovered on previously charged off accounts increase the allowance.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the allowance for loan losses had a balance of $255,887 and $162,092, respectively.
 
Activity in our allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, was as follows:
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
  $ 162,092     $ -  
Provision for loan losses
    93,795       -  
Net charge-offs
    -       -  
Balance at end of period
  $ 255,887     $ -  

Organization and Offering Expenses
 
Organization costs will be expensed as incurred in accordance with Statement of Position 98-5, Reporting on the Costs of Start-up Activities, currently within the scope of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 720-15.  Offering costs related to raising capital from debt will be capitalized and amortized over the term of such debt.  Offering costs related to raising capital from equity will be offset as a reduction of capital raised in shareholders’ equity.
 
Revenue Recognition
 
Interest income on loan participation interest – related parties, notes receivable and notes receivable – related parties is recognized over the life of the participation agreement or note agreement and recorded on the accrual basis.  Income recognition is suspended at either the date at which payments become 90 days past due or when, in the opinion of management, a full recovery of income and principal becomes doubtful.  Income recognition is resumed when the loan becomes contractually current and performance is demonstrated to be resumed.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, we were accruing interest on all loan participation interest – related parties, notes receivable and notes receivable – related parties.
 
Commitment fee income represents non-refundable fees charged to borrowers for entering into an obligation that commits us to make or acquire a loan or to satisfy a financial obligation of the borrower when certain conditions are met within a specified time period.  When a commitment is considered an integral part of the resulting loan and we believe there is a reasonable expectation that the commitment will be called upon, the commitment fee is recognized as revenue over the life of the resulting loan as an adjustment to the yield on the loan.  When we believe it is unlikely that the commitment will be called upon or that the fee is not an integral part of the return of a specific future lending arrangement, the commitment fee is recognized as income when it is earned, based on the specific terms of the commitment.  We make a determination of revenue recognition on a case by case basis, due to the unique and varying terms of each commitment.
 
Acquisition and Origination Fees
 
UMTH LD, our asset manager, is paid 3% of the net amount available for investment in secured loans and other real estate assets; provided, however, that no acquisition and origination fees and expenses will be paid with respect to any asset level indebtedness we incur.  The acquisition and origination fees and expenses that we pay will be reduced by the amount of any acquisition and origination fees and expenses paid by borrowers or investment entities to our advisor or affiliates of our advisor with respect to our investment.  We will not pay any acquisition and origination fees and expenses with respect to any participation agreement we enter into with our affiliates or any affiliates of our advisor for which our advisor or affiliates of our advisor previously has received acquisition and origination fees and expenses from such affiliate with respect to the same secured loan or other real estate asset.  Such costs are amortized into expense on a straight line basis.

 
8

 
 
Income Taxes
 
We made an election under Section 856(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), to be taxed as a REIT, beginning with the taxable year ended December 31, 2010.  As a REIT, we generally are not subject to federal income tax on income that we distribute to our shareholders.  If we later fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate rates and may not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for four years following the year in which our qualification is denied unless we are entitled to relief under certain statutory provisions.  Such an event could materially and adversely affect our net income.  However, we intend to continue to operate so as to remain qualified as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.
 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
 
In accordance with the reporting requirements of FASB ASC 825-10, Financial Instruments-Fair Value, we calculate the fair value of our assets and liabilities which qualify as financial instruments under this statement and include this additional information in the notes to the financial statements when the fair value is different than the carrying value of those financial instruments.  The estimated fair value of restricted cash, accrued interest receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and line-of-credit approximates the carrying amounts due to the relatively short maturity of these instruments.  The estimated fair value of mortgage notes receivable and participation interest approximates the carrying amount since they bear interest at the market rate.
 
Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Standards
 
In July 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2010-20, “Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses.”  ASU 2010-20 requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature of credit risk inherent in an entity’s portfolio of financing receivables, how that risk is analyzed, and the changes and reasons for those changes in the allowance for credit losses.  It requires an entity to provide a greater level of disaggregated information about the credit quality of its financing receivables and its allowance for credit losses.  ASU 2010-20 will only impact disclosures.  Disclosures related to information as of the end of a reporting period are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2010. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
 
Guarantees
 
From time to time we enter into guarantees of debtor’s borrowings and provide credit enhancements for the benefit of senior lenders in connection with our debtors and investments (collectively referred to as “guarantees”), and we account for such guarantees in accordance with FASB ASC 460-10, Guarantees.
 
C.  Registration Statement
 
On November 12, 2009, the Trust’s Registration Statement on Form S-11, covering an initial public offering (the “Offering”) of up to 25,000,000 common shares of beneficial interest to be offered in the primary offering at a price of $20 per share, was declared effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.  The Offering also covers up to 10,000,000 common shares of beneficial interest to be issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan (the “DRIP”) for $20 per share.  We reserve the right to reallocate the common shares of beneficial interest registered in the Offering between the primary offering and the DRIP.  The shares are being offered to investors on a reasonable best efforts basis, which means the dealer manager will use its reasonable best efforts to sell the shares offered, but is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of shares and does not have a firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of the offered shares.
 
D.  Shareholders’ Equity
 
On December 18, 2009, the Trust’s initial public subscribers were accepted as shareholders pursuant to the Offering and the subscription proceeds from such initial public subscribers were released to the Trust from escrow.  As of March 31, 2011, the Trust had issued an aggregate of 3,512,417 common shares of beneficial interest pursuant to the Offering consisting of 3,450,041 common shares of beneficial interest in exchange for gross proceeds of approximately $69.0 million (approximately $60.1 million, net of costs associated with the Offering) and 62,376 common shares of beneficial interest in accordance with our DRIP in exchange for gross proceeds of approximately $1.2 million.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Trust had redeemed an aggregate 5,000 and 2,500 common shares of beneficial interest at a cost of $100,000 and $50,000, respectively.
 
 
9

 
 
We must distribute to our shareholders at least 90% of our taxable income each year in order to meet the requirements for being treated as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code.  This requirement is described in greater detail in the “Federal Income Tax Considerations – Annual Distribution Requirements” section of the prospectus for the Offering.  The amount of the distributions to our shareholders (other than special distributions) is determined quarterly by our board of trustees and is dependent on a number of factors, including funds available for payment of distributions, our financial condition, loan funding commitments and annual distribution requirements needed to maintain our status as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code.
 
Our board of trustees authorized a distribution to our shareholders of record beginning as of the close of business on each day of the period commencing on December 18, 2009 and ending on June 30, 2011.  The distributions are calculated based on the number of days each shareholder has been a shareholder of record based on 365 days in the calendar year, and are equal to $0.0043836 per common share of beneficial interest, which is equal to an annualized distribution rate of 8.0%, assuming a purchase price of $20.00 per share.  These distributions are aggregated and paid in cash monthly in arrears.  Therefore, the distributions declared for each record date in the December 2009 through June 2011 periods were or will be paid in January 2010 through July 2011.  Distributions are paid on or about the 25th day of the respective month or, if the 25th day of the month falls on a weekend or bank holiday, on the next business day following the 25th day of the month.  Distributions for shareholders participating in our DRIP are reinvested into our shares on the payment date of each distribution.
 
On September 8, 2010, our board of trustees authorized a special distribution to our shareholders of record as of the close of business on September 15, 2010.  This special distribution was paid in cash pro rata over all common shares of beneficial interest outstanding as of September 15, 2010 in an amount equal to $0.05 per common share of beneficial interest.  This special distribution was paid in cash and DRIP shares in October 2010.
 
In addition, on September 8, 2010, our board of trustees authorized a special distribution to our shareholders of record as of the close of business on December 15, 2010.  This special distribution was paid pro rata over all common shares of beneficial interest outstanding as of December 15, 2010 in an amount equal to $0.15 per common share of beneficial interest.  This special distribution was paid in cash and DRIP shares in February 2011.
 
On March 10, 2011, our board of trustees authorized a special distribution to our shareholders of record as of the close of business on April 30, 2011. This special distribution will be paid pro rata over all common shares of beneficial interest outstanding as of April 30, 2011 in an amount equal to $0.10 per common share of beneficial interest.  This special distribution will be paid in May 2011 in cash and DRIP shares.
 
In our initial quarters of operations, and from time to time thereafter, we did not generate enough cash flow to fully fund distributions paid.  Therefore, some or all of our distributions are paid from sources other than operating cash flow, such as borrowings (including borrowings secured by our assets) in anticipation of future operating cash flow.
 
We utilize cash to fund operating expenses, make investments, service debt obligations and pay distributions.  We receive cash from operations (which includes interest payments) as well as cash from investing activities (which includes repayment of principal on loans we have made) and financing activities (which includes borrowing proceeds and additional capital from the sale of our shares).  We have secured a senior credit facility, notes payable, and lines of credit to manage the timing of our cash receipts and funding requirements.  Over the long term, as additional subscriptions for common shares are received and proceeds from such subscriptions are invested in revenue-generating real estate investments, we expect that substantially all of our distributions will be funded from operating cash flow.  Further, we believe operating income will improve in future periods as start-up costs and general and administrative expenses are borne over a larger investment portfolio.
 
As of March 31, 2011, we have made the following distributions to our shareholders in 2011:

 
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Period Ended
 
Date Paid
 
Distribution
Amount
 
December 31, 2010
 
January 14, 2011
  $ 339,018  
January 31, 2011
 
February 23, 2011
    753,277  
February 28, 2011
 
March 23, 2011
    376,178  
        $ 1,468,473  
 
For the quarter ended March 31, 2011, we paid distributions of $1,468,473 ($927,444 in cash and $541,029 in our common shares of beneficial interest pursuant to our DRIP), as compared to cash flows provided by operations of $93,204.  For the quarter ended March 31, 2010, we paid distributions of $78,009 ($51,423 in cash and $26,586 in our common shares of beneficial interest pursuant to our DRIP), as compared to cash flows used in operations of $(36,058).  From May 28, 2008 (Date of Inception) through March 31, 2011, we paid cumulative distributions of $3,354,518, as compared to cumulative funds from operations (“FFO”) of $3,788,951 (see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Funds from Operations and Modified Funds from Operations” below for a discussion of FFO).  As of March 31, 2011, we had $286,565 of cash distributions declared that were paid subsequent to period end.
 
The distributions paid during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, along with the amount of distributions reinvested pursuant to our DRIP and the sources of our distributions were as follows:

      Q1 2011       Q1 2010  
Distributions paid in cash
  $ 927,444           $ 51,423        
Distributions reinvested
    541,029             26,586        
Total distributions
  $ 1,468,473           $ 78,009        
Source of distributions:
                           
Operating cash flows
  $ 93,204       (6% )   $ -        
Borrowings under credit facilities
    1,375,269       (94% )     78,009       (100% )
Total sources
  $ 1,468,473       (100% )   $ 78,009       (100% )
 
Distributions in excess of our operating cash flows were funded via financing activities, specifically borrowings under our credit facilities, consistent with our intent to use our credit facilities to meet our investment and distribution cash requirements throughout our initial period of operations.
 
E.  Deferred Offering Costs
 
Various parties will receive compensation as a result of the Offering, including the Advisor, affiliates of the Advisor, the dealer manager and soliciting dealers. The Advisor funds organization and offering costs on the Trust’s behalf and will be paid by the Trust for such costs in an amount equal to 3% of the gross offering proceeds raised by the Trust in the Offering less any offering costs paid by the Trust directly (except that no organization and offering expenses will be reimbursed with respect to sales under the DRIP). Payments to the dealer manager include selling commissions (6.5% of gross offering proceeds, except that no commissions will be paid with respect to sales under the DRIP) and dealer manager fees (up to 3.5% of gross offering proceeds, except that no dealer manager fees will be paid with respect to sales under the DRIP).
 
F.  Operational Compensation
 
The Advisor or its affiliates will receive acquisition and origination fees and expenses of 3% of the net amount available for investment in secured loans and other real estate investment assets (after payment of selling commissions, dealer manager fees and organization and offering expenses); provided, however, that no acquisition and origination fees and expenses will be paid with respect to any asset level indebtedness we incur. The acquisition and origination fees and expenses that we pay will be reduced by the amount of any acquisition and origination fees and expenses paid by borrowers or investment entities to our advisor or affiliates of our advisor with respect to our investment.  We will not pay any acquisition and origination fees and expenses with respect to any participation agreement we enter into with our affiliates or any affiliates of our advisor for which our advisor or affiliates of our advisor previously has received acquisition and origination fees and expenses from such affiliate with respect to the same secured loan or other real estate asset.
 
 
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The Advisor will receive advisory fees of 2% per annum of the average of invested assets, including secured loan assets; provided, however, that no advisory fees will be paid with respect to any asset level indebtedness we incur.  The fee will be payable monthly in an amount equal to one-twelfth of 2% of our average invested assets, including secured loan assets, as of the last day of the immediately preceding month; provided, however that no advisory fees will be paid with respect to any asset level indebtedness we incur.
 
The Advisor will receive 1% of the amount made available to the Trust pursuant to the origination of any line of credit or other debt financing, provided that the Advisor has provided a substantial amount of services as determined by the Trust’s independent trustees. On each anniversary date of the origination of any such line of credit or other debt financing, an additional fee of 0.25% of the primary loan amount will be paid if such line of credit or other debt financing continues to be outstanding on such date, or a prorated portion of such additional fee will be paid for the portion of such year that the financing was outstanding.
 
The Trust will reimburse the expenses incurred by the Advisor in connection with its provision of services to the Trust, including the Trust’s allocable share of the Advisor’s overhead, such as rent, personnel costs, utilities and IT costs. The Trust will not reimburse the Advisor for personnel costs in connection with services for which the Advisor or its affiliates receive other fees.
 
The Advisor will receive 15% of the amount by which the Trust’s net income for the immediately preceding year exceeds a 10% per annum return on aggregate capital contributions, as adjusted to reflect prior cash distributions to shareholders which constitute a return of capital. This fee will be paid annually and upon termination of the advisory agreement.
 
G.  Disposition/Liquidation Compensation
 
Upon successful sales by the Trust of securitized loan pool interests, the Advisor will be paid a securitized loan pool placement fee equal to 2% of the net proceeds realized by the Trust, provided the Advisor or an affiliate of the Advisor has provided a substantial amount of services as determined by the Trust’s independent trustees.
 
For substantial assistance in connection with the sale of properties, the Trust will pay the Advisor or its affiliates disposition fees of the lesser of one-half of the reasonable and customary real estate or brokerage commission or 2% of the contract sales price of each property sold; provided, however, in no event may the disposition fees paid to the Advisor, its affiliates and unaffiliated third parties exceed 6% of the contract sales price. The Trust’s independent trustees will determine whether the Advisor or its affiliate has provided substantial assistance to the Trust in connection with the sale of a property. Substantial assistance in connection with the sale of a property includes the Advisor’s preparation of an investment package for the property (including a new investment analysis, rent rolls, tenant information regarding credit, a property title report, an environmental report, a structural report and exhibits) or such other substantial services performed by the Advisor in connection with a sale.
 
Upon listing the Trust’s common shares of beneficial interest on a national securities exchange, the Advisor will be entitled to a fee equal to 15% of the amount, if any, by which (1) the market value of the Trust’s outstanding shares plus distributions paid by the Trust prior to listing, exceeds (2) the sum of the total amount of capital raised from investors and the amount of cash flow necessary to generate a 10% annual cumulative, non-compounded return to investors.
 
H.  Fair Value Measurements
 
In April 2009, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments, currently within the scope of ASC 825-10.  ASC 825-10 requires disclosures about the fair value of financial instruments whenever a public company issues financial information for interim reporting periods.  ASC 825-10 is effective for interim reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009.  We adopted this staff position upon its issuance, and it had no material impact on our consolidated financial statements because we believe the financial assets and liabilities as reported in the Trust’s consolidated financial statements approximate their respective fair values.
 
 
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I.  Senior Credit Facility
 
On May 19, 2010, UDF IV HF entered into a $6 million revolving line of credit with Community Trust Bank (“CTB”).  The line of credit bears interest at prime plus 1%, subject to a floor of 5.5% (5.5% at March 31, 2011), and requires monthly interest payments.  Advances under the line may be made from time to time through May 2013.  Proceeds from the line of credit will be used to fund our obligations under our interim home construction loan agreements.  Advances are subject to a borrowing base and are secured by the pledge of a first lien security interest in the residential real estate being financed.  Principal and all unpaid interest will be due at maturity, which is February 2014, and is guaranteed by us and United Development Funding III, L.P. (“UDF III”), an affiliated Delaware limited partnership.  The outstanding balance on the line of credit was approximately $2.2 million and $1.9 million as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.  In connection with this line of credit, UDF IV HF agreed to pay a placement fee of $60,000 to UMTH GS and an origination fee of $60,000 to CTB, which were charged to UDF IV HF.  In consideration of UDF III guaranteeing the line of credit, UDF IV HF agreed to pay UDF III an annual credit enhancement fee equal to 1% of the line of credit amount.  During 2011, we recognized $15,000 of amortization expense related to this fee.
 
J.  Notes Payable
 
On February 5, 2010, we obtained a revolving credit facility in the maximum principal amount of $8 million (the “Credit Facility”) from an unaffiliated company (the “Lender”).  The interest rate on the Credit Facility is equal to 8.5% per annum.  Accrued interest on the outstanding principal amount of the Credit Facility is payable monthly.  The Credit Facility’s original maturity date was February 5, 2011.  On February 8, 2011, we executed an extension agreement that extended the maturity date of the Credit Facility to February 5, 2012.  The Credit Facility is secured by a first priority collateral assignment and lien on certain of our assets.
 
The Lender may, in its discretion, decide to advance additional principal to us under the Credit Facility.  The Lender may require us to provide additional collateral as a condition of funding additional advances of principal under the Credit Facility.  From time to time, we may request the Lender to release collateral, and the Lender may require a release price to be paid as a condition of granting its release of collateral.
 
If a default occurs under the Credit Facility, the Lender may declare the Credit Facility to be due and payable immediately, after giving effect to any notice and cure periods provided for in the loan documents.  A default may occur under the Credit Facility in various circumstances including, without limitation, if (i) we fail to pay amounts due to the Lender when due, (ii) we fail to comply with our representations, warranties, covenants and agreements with the Lender, (iii) a bankruptcy action is filed with respect to us, (iv) we are liquidated or wind up our affairs, (v) the sale or liquidation of all or substantially all of our assets occurs without the Lender’s prior written consent, or (vi) any loan document becomes invalid, nonbinding or unenforceable for any reason other than its release by the Lender.  In such event, the Lender may exercise any rights or remedies it may have, including, without limitation, increasing the interest rate to 10.5% per annum, or a foreclosure of the collateral.  A foreclosure of collateral may materially impair our ability to conduct our business.
 
Effective August 10, 2010, the Credit Facility was amended to increase the maximum principal amount to $20 million, pursuant to a First Amendment to Secured Line of Credit Promissory Note between us and the Lender.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, $12.9 million and $14.3 million, respectively, in principal was outstanding under the Credit Facility.  In connection with this Credit Facility, we agreed to pay placement fees totaling $144,500 to UMTH GS, which were fully funded during 2010.  In February 2011, we paid an extension fee of $33,000 in connection with the extension agreement discussed above.
 
On December 14, 2010, UDF IV FII obtained a revolving credit facility in the maximum principal amount of $5 million (the “Note”) from F&M Bank (“F&M”) pursuant to a Loan Agreement (the “Note Loan Agreement”).

 
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The interest rate on the Note is equal to the greater of prime plus 1.5% or 5.0% per annum (5.0% at March 31, 2011).  Accrued interest on the outstanding principal amount of the Note is payable monthly.  The Note matures and becomes due and payable in full on December 14, 2012.  In consideration of F&M originating the Note, UDF IV FII paid F&M a $50,000 commitment fee.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, approximately $5.0 million and $3.8 million, respectively, in principal was outstanding under the Note.  The Note is secured by a first priority collateral assignment and lien on certain mortgage notes and construction loans originated by UDF IV FII.  The Note is guaranteed by us and by UDF III.  In consideration of UDF III guaranteeing the Note, UDF IV FII agreed to pay UDF III a monthly credit enhancement fee equal to 1/12th of 1% of the outstanding principal balance of the Note at the end of each month.
 
UDF IV FII’s eligibility to borrow up to $5 million under the Note is determined pursuant to a defined borrowing base.  The Note requires UDF IV FII and the guarantors to make various representations to the bank and to comply with various covenants and agreements, including but not limited to, minimum net worth requirements and defined leverage ratios.
 
If a default occurs under the Note, F&M may declare the Note to be due and payable immediately.  A default may occur under the Note in various circumstances including, without limitation, the failure to pay principal or interest under the Note or to pay other debt when due, the failure to comply with covenants and agreements, the breach of representations or warranties, the bankruptcy of UDF IV FII or the guarantors, a material adverse change in the financial condition of UDF IV FII or the guarantors, or the sale of UDF IV FII’s assets outside of the ordinary course of business.  In such event, F&M may exercise any rights or remedies it may have, including, without limitation, prohibiting distributions from UDF IV FII to us, or foreclosure of UDF IV FII’s assets.  Any such event may materially impair UDF IV FII’s ability to conduct its business, which could cause F&M to invoke our guarantee of repayment of the Note and could thus materially impair our ability to conduct our business.
 
In connection with the Note, UDF IV FII agreed to pay a placement fee of $50,000 to UMTH GS, which was charged to UDF IV FII.  A majority of our trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, who are not otherwise interested in this transaction, approved the Note as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
 
K.  Lines of Credit
 
Effective August 19, 2010, UDF IV AC obtained a three-year revolving credit facility in the maximum principal amount of $8 million (the “Revolver”) from CTB pursuant to a Revolving Loan Agreement (the “Revolver Loan Agreement”).
 
The interest rate on the Revolver is equal to the greater of prime plus 1% or 5.5% per annum (5.5% at March 31, 2011).  Accrued interest on the outstanding principal amount of the Revolver is payable monthly.  The Revolver matures and becomes due and payable in full on August 19, 2013.  In consideration of UMTH GS placing the debt and CTB originating the Revolver, UDF IV AC paid UMTH GS an $80,000 placement fee and CTB an $80,000 origination fee, respectively.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, $3.9 million in principal was outstanding under the Revolver.  The Revolver is secured by a first priority collateral assignment and lien on the loans purchased by UDF IV AC using funding from the bank, and by a first lien security interest in all of UDF IV AC’s assets.  The Revolver is guaranteed by us and by UDF III.  In consideration of UDF III guaranteeing the Revolver, UDF IV AC agreed to pay UDF III a monthly credit enhancement fee equal to 1/12th of 1% of the outstanding principal balance of the Revolver at the end of each month.  Through March 31, 2011, we recognized approximately $16,000 of expense related to this fee.
 
UDF IV AC’s eligibility to borrow up to $8 million under the Revolver is determined pursuant to a defined borrowing base.  The Revolver requires UDF IV AC and the guarantors to make various representations to the bank and to comply with various covenants and agreements, including but not limited to, minimum net worth requirements and defined leverage ratios.

 
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If a default occurs under the Revolver, CTB may declare the Revolver to be due and payable immediately.  A default may occur under the Revolver in various circumstances including, without limitation, the failure to pay principal or interest under the Revolver or to pay other debt when due, the failure to comply with covenants and agreements, the breach of representations or warranties, the bankruptcy of UDF IV AC or the guarantors, a material adverse change in the financial condition of UDF IV AC or the guarantors, or the sale of UDF IV AC’s assets outside of the ordinary course of business.  In such event, CTB may exercise any rights or remedies it may have, including, without limitation, prohibiting distributions from UDF IV AC to us, or foreclosure of UDF IV AC’s assets.  Any such event may materially impair UDF IV AC’s ability to conduct its business, which could cause CTB to invoke our guarantee of repayment of the Revolver and could thus materially impair our ability to conduct our business.
 
Effective September 29, 2010, UDF IV FI entered into a $3.4 million revolving line of credit (“UDF IV FI LOC”) with United Texas Bank (“UTB”).  The UDF IV FI LOC bears interest at prime plus 1%, subject to a floor of 5.5% (5.5% at March 31, 2011), and requires monthly interest payments.  Advances under the line may be made from time to time through September 2011.  Proceeds from the UDF IV FI LOC will be used to fund our obligations under our finished lot loan agreements.  Advances are subject to a borrowing base and are secured by the pledge of a first lien security interest in the residential real estate being financed.  Principal and all unpaid interest will be due at maturity, which is September 2011, and is guaranteed by us.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, $3.4 million and $177,000, respectively, in principal was outstanding under this UDF IV FI LOC.
 
If a default occurs under the UDF IV FI LOC, UTB may declare the UDF IV FI LOC to be due and payable immediately.  A default may occur under the UDF IV FI LOC in various circumstances including, without limitation, the failure to pay principal or interest under the UDF IV FI LOC or to pay other debt when due, the failure to comply with covenants and agreements, the breach of representations or warranties, the bankruptcy of UDF IV FI or the guarantors, a material adverse change in the financial condition of UDF IV FI or the guarantors, or the sale of UDF IV FI’s assets outside of the ordinary course of business.  In such event, the bank may exercise any rights or remedies it may have, including, without limitation, prohibiting distributions from UDF IV FI to us, or foreclosure of UDF IV FI’s assets.  Any such event may materially impair UDF IV FI’s ability to conduct its business, which could cause the bank to invoke our guarantee of repayment of the UDF IV FI LOC and could thus materially impair our ability to conduct our business.
 
In consideration of UMTH GS placing the debt and UTB originating the line of credit, UDF IV FI LOC agreed to pay a placement fee of $34,000 to UMTH GS and an origination fee to UTB of $34,000.  A majority of our trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, who are not otherwise interested in this transaction, approved the transaction as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
 
L.  Commitments and Contingencies
 
Litigation
 
In the ordinary course of business, the Trust may become subject to litigation or claims.  There are no material pending or threatened legal proceedings known to be contemplated against the Trust.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
In connection with the funding of some of the Trust’s organization costs, on June 26, 2009, UMTH LD entered into a $6.3 million line of credit from CTB.  As a condition to such line of credit, the Trust has guaranteed UMTH LD’s obligations to the bank under the line of credit in an amount equal to the amount of the Trust’s organization costs funded by UMTH LD.  The receivable owing to UMTH LD associated with such organization costs has been assigned to the bank as security for the loan.  However, the amount of the Trust’s guaranty is reduced to the extent that the Trust reimburses UMTH LD for any of the Trust’s organization costs it has funded, provided that no event of default has occurred and UDF IV has informed the bank in writing of the reimbursed costs, and the guaranty is subject to the overall limit on the Trust’s reimbursement of organization and offering expenses, which is set at 3% of the gross offering proceeds.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the outstanding balance on the line of credit was $5.5 million and $5.8 million, respectively.

 
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M.  Economic Dependency
 
Under various agreements, the Trust has engaged or will engage the Advisor and its affiliates to provide certain services that are essential to the Trust, including asset management services, asset acquisition and disposition decisions, the sale of the Trust’s common shares of beneficial interest available for issue, as well as other administrative responsibilities for the Trust.  As a result of these relationships, the Trust is dependent upon the Advisor and its affiliates.  In the event that these entities were unable to provide the Trust with the respective services, the Trust would be required to find alternative providers of these services.
 
N.  Related Party Transactions
 
Our Advisor and certain of its affiliates receive fees in connection with the Offering and in connection with the acquisition and management of the assets and reimbursement of costs of the Trust.
 
Our Advisor receives 3% of the gross offering proceeds (excluding proceeds from the DRIP) for reimbursement of organization and offering expenses.  The Trust has an accrued liability – related parties to our Advisor of approximately $7.4 million and $7.0 million as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, for organization and offering costs paid by our Advisor or affiliates related to the Offering.  The Trust had reimbursed our Advisor approximately $2.1 million and $1.6 million as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, related to organization and offering costs.
 
Our Advisor receives advisory fees of 2% per annum of the average invested assets, including secured loan assets; provided, however, that no advisory fees will be paid with respect to any asset level indebtedness we incur.  The fee will be paid monthly in arrears based on our average invested assets.  For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we incurred approximately $347,000 and $46,000, respectively, of advisory fees.
 
UMTH LD, our asset manager, is paid 3% of the net amount available for investment in secured loans and other real estate assets; provided, however, that no such fees will be paid with respect to any asset level indebtedness we incur.  The fees are further reduced by the amount of any acquisition and origination expenses paid by borrowers or investment entities to our Advisor or affiliates of our Advisor with respect to our investment.  Such costs are amortized into expense on a straight line basis.  For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we had recognized approximately $420,000 and $326,000, respectively, for such fees.
 
Loan Participation Interest – Related Parties
 
On December 18, 2009, the Trust entered into two participation agreements (collectively, the “Buffington Participation Agreements”) with UMT Home Finance, LP, (“UMTHF”), an affiliated Delaware limited partnership, pursuant to which the Trust purchased a participation interest in UMTHF’s construction loans (the “Construction Loans”) to Buffington Texas Classic Homes, LLC, an affiliated Texas limited liability company, and Buffington Signature Homes, LLC, an affiliated Texas limited liability company (collectively, “Buff Homes”).
 
The Construction Loans provide Buff Homes, which is a homebuilding group, with residential interim construction financing for the construction of new homes in the greater Austin, Texas area.  The Construction Loans are evidenced by promissory notes, are secured by first lien deeds of trust on the homes financed under the Construction Loans, and are guaranteed by the parent company and the principals of Buff Homes.
 
Pursuant to the Buffington Participation Agreements, the Trust will participate in the Construction Loans by funding the lending obligations of UMTHF under the Construction Loans up to a maximum amount of $3.5 million.  The Buffington Participation Agreements give the Trust the right to receive payment from UMTHF of principal and accrued interest relating to amounts funded by the Trust under the Buffington Participation Agreements.  The interest rate under the Construction Loans is the lower of 13% or the highest rate allowed by law.  The Trust’s participation interest is repaid as Buff Homes repays the Construction Loans.  For each loan originated to it, Buff Homes is required to pay interest monthly and to repay the principal advanced to it upon the sale of the home or in any event no later than 12 months following the origination of the loan.  The Buffington Participation Agreements mature on December 18, 2011.
 
 
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As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, these Buffington Participation Agreements totaled approximately $1.5 million and $1.4 million, respectively, and are included in loan participation interest – related parties.  For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we recognized approximately $47,000 and $77,000, respectively, of interest income related to this participation interest.
 
On April 9, 2010, we entered into an Agent – Participant Agreement with UMTHF (the “UMTHF Agent Agreement”).  In accordance with the UMTHF Agent Agreement, UMTHF will continue to manage and control the Construction Loans and each participant party has appointed UMTHF as its agent to act on its behalf with respect to all aspects of the Construction Loans, provided that, pursuant to the UMTHF Agent Agreement, we retain approval rights in connection with any material decisions pertaining to the administration and services of the loans and, with respect to any material modification to the loans and in the event that the loans become non-performing, we shall have effective control over the remedies relating to the enforcement of the loans, including ultimate control of the foreclosure process.
 
The Trust’s Advisor also serves as the advisor for United Mortgage Trust (“UMT”), a Maryland real estate investment trust, which owns 100% of the interests in UMTHF.
 
A majority of our trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, who are not otherwise interested in this transaction, approved the Buffington Participation Agreements as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
 
Effective January 8, 2010, we entered into a Loan Participation Agreement (the “UDF III Participation Agreement”) with UDF III pursuant to which we purchased a participation interest in a finished lot loan (the “BL Loan”) from UDF III, as the lender, to Buffington Land, Ltd., an unaffiliated Texas limited partnership, and Len-Buf Land Acquisitions of Texas, L.P., an unaffiliated Texas limited partnership, as co-borrowers (collectively, “Buffington”).  The BL Loan was initially evidenced and secured by a first lien deed of trust recorded against approximately 67 finished residential lots in the Bridges at Bear Creek residential subdivision in the City of Austin, Travis County, Texas, a promissory note, assignments of certain lot sale contracts and earnest money, and other loan documents.
 
The UDF III Participation Agreement gave the Trust the right to receive payment from UDF III of principal and accrued interest relating to amounts funded by the Trust under the UDF III Participation Agreement.  The purchase price for the BL Loan was approximately $4.7 million.  We had no obligations to advance funds to Buffington under the BL Loan or to increase our interest in the BL Loan.  The interest rate under the BL Loan was the lower of 14% or the highest rate allowed by law.  Our interest was repaid as Buffington repaid the BL Loan.  Buffington was required to pay interest monthly and to repay a portion of principal upon the sale of residential lots covered by the deed of trust.  The original maturity date of the BL Loan was June 30, 2011.  UMT also owned a participation interest in the BL Loan.  The BL Loan was fully repaid during October 2010.  For the three months ended March 31, 2010, we recognized approximately $88,000 of interest income related to the UDF III Participation Agreement.
 
On April 9, 2010, we entered into an Agent – Participant Agreement with UDF III (the “Agent Agreement”).  In accordance with the Agent Agreement, UDF III continued to manage and control the BL Loan and each participant party has appointed UDF III as its agent to act on its behalf with respect to all aspects of the BL Loan, provided that, pursuant to the Agent Agreement, we retained approval rights in connection with any material decisions pertaining to the administration and services of the loan and, with respect to any material modification to the loan and in the event that the loan became non-performing, we had effective control over the remedies relating to the enforcement of the loan, including ultimate control of the foreclosure process.
 
A majority of our trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, who are not otherwise interested in this transaction, approved the UDF III Participation Agreement as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
 
On March 24, 2010, we entered into two Participation Agreements (collectively, the “Buffington Lot Participation Agreements”) with UDF III pursuant to which we purchased a 100% participation interest in UDF III’s lot inventory line of credit loan facilities (the “Lot Inventory Loans”) to Buff Homes.  The purchase price for the participation interest is equal to the sum of approximately $734,000, which is the outstanding balance of the Lot Inventory Loans on the purchase date, plus our assumption of all funding obligations of UDF III under the Lot Inventory Loans.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Buffington Lot Participation Agreements totaled approximately $216,000 and are included in loan participation interest – related parties.  For the year three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we recognized approximately $7,400 and $2,000, respectively, of interest income related to this note.
 
 
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The Lot Inventory Loans provide Buff Homes with financing for the acquisition of residential lots which are held as inventory to facilitate Buff Homes’ new home construction business in the greater Austin, Texas area.  The Lot Inventory Loans are evidenced by promissory notes, are secured by first lien deeds of trust on the lots financed under the Lot Inventory Loans, and are guaranteed by Buff Homes’ parent company and an affiliate company of Buff Homes.  When a lot is slated for residential construction, Buff Homes obtains an interim construction loan and the principal advanced for the acquisition of the lot is repaid under the Lot Inventory Loans.
 
Pursuant to the Buffington Lot Participation Agreements, we will participate in the Lot Inventory Loans by funding UDF III’s lending obligations under the Lot Inventory Loans up to an aggregate maximum amount of $4.5 million.  The Buffington Lot Participation Agreements give us the right to receive repayment of all principal and accrued interest relating to amounts funded by us under the Buffington Lot Participation Agreements.  The interest rate for the Lot Inventory Loans is the lower of 14% or the highest rate allowed by law.  Our participation interest is repaid as Buff Homes repays the Lot Inventory Loans.  For each loan originated to it, Buff Homes is required to pay interest monthly and to repay the principal advanced to it no later than 12 months following the origination of the loan.  The Lot Inventory Loans mature in August 2011.
 
UDF III is required to purchase back from us the participation interest in the Lot Inventory Loans (i) upon a foreclosure of UDF III’s assets by its lenders, (ii) upon the maturity of the Lot Inventory Loans, or (iii) at any time upon 30 days prior written notice from us.  In such event, the purchase price paid to us will be equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Lot Inventory Loans on the date of termination, together with all accrued interest due thereon, plus any other amounts due to us under the Buffington Lot Participation Agreements.
 
On April 9, 2010, we entered into the Agent Agreement.  In accordance with the Agent Agreement, UDF III  will continue to manage and control the Lot Inventory Loans and each participant party has appointed UDF III as its agent to act on its behalf with respect to all aspects of the Lot Inventory Loans, provided that, pursuant to the Agent Agreement, we retain approval rights in connection with any material decisions pertaining to the administration and services of the loans and, with respect to any material modification to the loans and in the event that the loans become non-performing, we shall have effective control over the remedies relating to the enforcement of the loans, including ultimate control of the foreclosure process.
 
A majority of our trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, who are not otherwise interested in this transaction, approved the Buffington Lot Participation Agreements as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
 
Effective June 30, 2010, we entered into two Loan Participation Agreements (the “Participation Agreements”) with UDF III.
 
Under the first Participation Agreement, we purchased a participation interest in a finished lot loan (the “Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan”) made by UDF III to CTMGT Travis Ranch II, LLC.  The purchase price for the participation interest is approximately $2.2 million, which was the outstanding principal balance of the Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan on the closing date.  The Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan was initially secured by a subordinate, second lien deed of trust recorded against approximately 288 finished residential lots in the Travis Ranch residential subdivision located in Kaufman County, Texas.  The Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan is guaranteed by the limited liability company owners of the borrower and by the principal of the borrower.
 
We are entitled to receive repayment of 100% of the approximately $2.2 million outstanding principal amount of the Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan, plus its proportionate share of accrued interest thereon, over time as the borrower repays the loan.  We have no obligation to increase our participation interest in the Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan.  The interest rate under the Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan is the lower of 15% or the highest rate allowed by law.  The borrower has obtained a senior loan secured by a first lien deed of trust on the 288 finished lots, the original outstanding principal balance of which was approximately $4.9 million.  For so long as the senior loan is outstanding, proceeds from the sale of the residential lots securing the Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan will be paid to the senior lender and will be applied to reduce the outstanding balance of the senior loan.  After the senior lien is paid in full, the proceeds from the sale of the residential lots securing the Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan are required to be used to repay the Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan.  The Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan is due and payable in full on August 28, 2012.  The maximum combined loan-to-value ratio of the first lien senior loan and the second lien Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan is 85%.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan totaled approximately $2.0 million and is included in loan participation interest – related parties.  For the three months ended March 31, 2011, we recognized approximately $74,000 of interest income related to this note.

 
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Texas law provides that subordinate real property liens are extinguished when a senior loan is foreclosed.  To protect itself in a foreclosure situation, UDF III has entered into a subordination and standstill agreement with the senior lender which gives UDF III the ability to protect its subordinate lien position by curing borrower defaults or by purchasing the senior loan.  The subordination agreement also provides assurances to the senior lender that the senior loan will be paid in full in its entirety before payments are made on the Travis Ranch II Finished Lot Loan.
 
Under the second Participation Agreement, we purchased a participation interest in a “paper” lot loan (the “Paper Lot Loan”) from UDF III to CTMGT Travis Ranch, LLC.  A “paper” lot is a residential lot shown on a plat that has been accepted by the city or county, but which is currently undeveloped or under development.  The purchase price for the participation interest in the Paper Lot Loan was approximately $3.6 million, which was the outstanding principal balance of the Paper Lot Loan on the closing date.  The borrower owns approximately 1,800 paper lots in the Travis Ranch residential subdivision of Kaufman County, Texas.  The Paper Lot Loan was initially secured by a pledge of the equity interests in the borrower instead of a real property lien, effectively subordinating the Paper Lot Loan to all real property liens.  The Paper Lot Loan is guaranteed by the limited liability company owners of the borrower and by the principal of the borrower.
 
We are entitled to receive repayment of 100% of the approximately $3.6 million outstanding principal amount of the Paper Lot Loan, plus its proportionate share of accrued interest thereon, over time as the borrower repays the Paper Lot Loan.  We have no obligation to increase our participation interest in the Paper Lot Loan.  The interest rate under the Paper Lot Loan is the lower of 15% or the highest rate allowed by law.
 
The borrower has obtained a senior loan secured by a first lien deed of trust on the 1,800 paper lots, the original outstanding principal balance of which was approximately $11.7 million.  For so long as the senior loan is outstanding, proceeds from the sale of the residential lots securing the Paper Lot Loan will be paid to the senior lender and will be applied to reduce the outstanding balance of the senior loan.  After the senior lien is paid in full, the proceeds from the sale of the residential lots securing the Paper Lot Loan are required to be used to repay the Paper Lot Loan.  The Paper Lot Loan is due and payable in full on September 24, 2012.  The maximum combined loan-to-value ratio of the first lien senior loan and Paper Lot Loan is 85%.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Paper Lot Loan totaled approximately $5.8 million and $2.1 million, respectively, and is included in loan participation interest – related parties.  For the three months ended March 31, 2011, we recognized approximately $99,000 of interest income related to this note.
 
A majority of our trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, who are not otherwise interested in this transaction, approved the Participation Agreements as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
 
Notes Receivable – Related Parties
 
Effective January 18, 2010, we made a finished lot loan (the “HLL Loan”) of approximately $1.8 million to HLL Land Acquisitions of Texas, L.P., a Texas limited partnership (“HLL”).  HLL is a wholly owned subsidiary of United Development Funding, L.P. (“UDF I”), an affiliated Delaware limited partnership.  UDF I’s asset manager is UMTH LD, our asset manager.  The HLL Loan was initially evidenced and secured by a first lien deed of trust recorded against approximately 71 finished residential lots in The Preserve at Indian Springs, a residential subdivision in the City of San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, as well as a promissory note, assignments of certain lot sale contracts and earnest money, and other loan documents.  The interest rate under the HLL Loan is the lower of 13% or the highest rate allowed by law.  The HLL Loan matures and becomes due and payable in full on July 18, 2011.  The HLL Loan provides HLL with an interest reserve of approximately $289,000 pursuant to which we will fund HLL’s monthly interest payments and add the payments to the outstanding principal balance of the HLL Loan.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the HLL Loan totaled approximately $763,000 and $1.0 million, respectively, and is included in notes receivable – related parties.  For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we recognized approximately $30,000 and $31,000, respectively, of interest income related to this note.
 
 
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In connection with the HLL Loan, HLL agreed to pay an origination fee of approximately $18,000 to UMTH LD, which was charged to HLL and funded by us at the closing of the HLL Loan.  A majority of our trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, who are not otherwise interested in this transaction, approved the HLL Loan as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
 
On April 30, 2010, we entered into Construction Loan Agreements (collectively, the “Buffington Loan Agreements”) with Buff Homes, pursuant to which we agreed to provide interim construction loan facilities (collectively, the “Buffington Loan Facility”) to Buff Homes.
 
The Buffington Loan Facility provides Buff Homes with up to $7.5 million in residential interim construction financing for the construction of new homes in the greater Austin, Texas area and other Texas counties approved by us.  The Buffington Loan Facility is evidenced and secured by the Buffington Loan Agreements, promissory notes, first lien deeds of trust on the homes financed under the Buffington Loan Facility and various other loan documents, and is guaranteed by the parent company and certain principals of Buff Homes.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the outstanding balance under the Buffington Loan Facility totaled approximately $4.0 million and $3.1 million, respectively, and is included in notes receivable – related parties.  For the three months ended March 31, 2011, we recognized approximately $122,000 of interest income related to this note.
 
The interest rate under the Buffington Loan Facility is the lower of 13% per annum, or the highest rate allowed by law. Interest is payable monthly. Each loan financed under the Buffington Loan Facility matures and becomes due and payable in full upon the earlier of (i) the sale of the home financed under the loan, or (ii) nine months after the loan was originated; provided, that the maturity of the loan may be extended up to 90 days following the original maturity date. Our obligation to fund loans terminates on October 28, 2011. At the closing of each loan, Buff Homes will pay a 0.5% origination fee to our asset manager.  Our asset manager owns an investment in Buffington Homebuilding Group, Ltd., which is the parent of Buff Homes.
 
A majority of our trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, who are not otherwise interested in this transaction, approved the Buffington Loan Facility as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
 
Effective December 22, 2010, we made a finished lot loan (the “HLL II HF Loan”) of approximately $1.9 million to HLL II Land Acquisitions of Texas, L.P., a Texas limited partnership (“HLL II”).  HLL II is a wholly owned subsidiary of UDF I.  The HLL II HF Loan was initially evidenced and secured by a first lien deed of trust recorded against approximately 68 finished residential lots and 148 undeveloped lots in Highland Farms, a residential subdivision in the City of San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, as well as a promissory note, assignments of certain lot sale contracts and earnest money, and other loan documents.  The interest rate under the HLL II HF Loan is the lower of 13% or the highest rate allowed by law.  The HLL II HF Loan matures and becomes due and payable in full on March 22, 2013.  The HLL II HF Loan provides HLL II with an interest reserve of approximately $354,000 pursuant to which we will fund HLL II’s monthly interest payments and add the payments to the outstanding principal balance of the HLL II HF Loan.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the HLL II HF Loan totaled approximately $1.7 million and $1.4 million, respectively, and is included in notes receivable – related parties.  For the three months ended March 31, 2011, we recognized approximately $45,000 of interest income related to this note.
 
In connection with the HLL II HF Loan, HLL II agreed to pay an origination fee of approximately $19,000 to us, which was charged to HLL II and funded by us at the closing of the HLL II HF Loan.  A majority of our trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, who are not otherwise interested in this transaction, approved the HLL II HF Loan as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.

 
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Effective February 17, 2011, we entered into a Loan Agreement providing for a maximum $9.9 million loan (the “HM Loan”) to be made to HLL.  The HM Loan is secured by (i) a first priority lien deed of trust to be recorded against 91 finished residential lots, 190 partially developed residential lots and residual undeveloped land located in the residential subdivision of Hidden Meadows, Harris County, Texas, (ii) the assignment of lot sale contracts providing for sales of finished residential lots to a builder, and (iii) the assignment of development reimbursables owing from a Municipal Utility District to HLL.  As of March 31, 2011, the HM Loan totaled approximately $4.8 million and is included in notes receivable – related parties.  For the three months ended March 31, 2011, we recognized approximately $58,000 of interest income related to this note.
 
The interest rate under the HM Loan is the lower of 13% or the highest rate allowed by law.  The HM Loan matures and becomes due and payable in full on January 21, 2015.  The HM Loan provides HLL with an interest reserve, pursuant to which we will fund HLL’s monthly interest payments and add the payments to the outstanding principal balance of the HM Loan.  In connection with the HM Loan, HLL agreed to pay a $99,000 origination fee to us, which was charged to HLL and funded by us at the closing of the HM Loan.
 
A majority of our trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, who are not otherwise interested in this transaction, approved the HM Loan as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
 
Placement Fees
 
In connection with the $6 million senior credit facility discussed in Note I, UDF IV HF agreed to pay a placement fee of $60,000 to UMTH GS, which was charged to UDF IV HF.
 
In connection with the $20 million note payable discussed in Note J, we agreed to pay placement fees totaling $144,500 to UMTH GS, which were fully funded during 2010.
 
In connection with the $5 million note payable discussed in Note J, UDF IV FII agreed to pay a placement fee of $50,000 to UMTH GS, which was charged to UDF IV FII.
 
In connection with the $8 million line of credit discussed in Note K, UDF IV AC agreed to pay a placement fee of $80,000 to UMTH GS, which was charged to UDF IV AC.
 
In connection with the $3.4 million line of credit discussed in Note K, UDF IV FI LOC agreed to pay a placement fee of $34,000 to UMTH GS, which was charged to UDF IV FI LOC.
 
A majority of our trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, who are not otherwise interested in these transactions, approved the placement fees as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
 
O.  Concentration of Credit Risk
 
Financial instruments that potentially expose the Trust to concentrations of credit risk are primarily temporary cash equivalent and loan participation interest – related parties.  The Trust maintains deposits in financial institutions that may at times exceed amounts covered by insurance provided by the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”).  The Trust has not experienced any losses related to amounts in excess of FDIC limits.
 
At March 31, 2011, the Trust’s real estate investments were secured by property located in Texas.
 
We may invest in multiple secured loans that share a common borrower.  The bankruptcy, insolvency or other inability of any borrower that is the subject of multiple loans to pay interest or repay principal on its loans would have adverse consequences on our income and reduce the amount of funds available for distribution to investors. The more concentrated our portfolio is with one or a few borrowers, the greater credit risk we face. The loss of any one of these borrowers would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
 
 
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
 
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our accompanying consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto:
 
Forward-Looking Statements
 
This section of the quarterly report contains forward-looking statements, including discussion and analysis of us, our financial condition, amounts of anticipated cash distributions to common shareholders in the future and other matters.  These forward-looking statements are not historical facts but are the intent, belief or current expectations of our management based on their knowledge and understanding of our business and industry.  Words such as “may,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “would,” “could,” “should” and variations of these words and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.  These statements are not guaranties of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, are difficult to predict and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in the forward-looking statements.
 
Forward-looking statements that were true at the time made may ultimately prove to be incorrect or false.  We caution you not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which reflect our management’s view only as of the date of this Quarterly Report.  We undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes to future operating results.  Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from any forward-looking statements made in this Form 10-Q include changes in general economic conditions, changes in real estate conditions, development costs that may exceed estimates, development delays, increases in interest rates, residential lot take down or purchase rates or inability to sell residential lots experienced by our borrowers, and the potential need to fund development costs not completed by the initial borrower or other capital expenditures out of operating cash flows.  The forward-looking statements should be read in light of the risk factors identified in the “Risk Factors” section of our 2010 Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
Overview
 
On November 12, 2009, the Trust’s Registration Statement on Form S-11, covering the Offering of up to 25,000,000 common shares of beneficial interest to be offered in the primary offering at a price of $20 per share, was declared effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.  The Offering also covers up to 10,000,000 common shares of beneficial interest to be issued pursuant to our DRIP at a price of $20 per share.  We reserve the right to reallocate the common shares of beneficial interest registered in the Offering between the primary offering and the DRIP.
 
We use substantially all of the net proceeds from the Offering to originate, purchase, participate in and hold for investment secured loans made directly by us or indirectly through our affiliates to persons and entities for the acquisition and development of parcels of real property as single-family residential lots, and the construction of model and new single-family homes, including development of mixed-use master planned residential communities.  We also make direct investments in land for development into single-family lots, new and model homes and portfolios of finished lots and homes; provide credit enhancements to real estate developers, home builders, land bankers and other real estate investors; and purchase participations in, or finance for other real estate investors the purchase of, securitized real estate loan pools and discounted cash flows secured by state, county, municipal or other similar assessments levied on real property. We also may enter into joint ventures with unaffiliated real estate developers, home builders, land bankers and other real estate investors, or with other United Development Funding-sponsored programs, to originate or acquire, as the case may be, the same kind of secured loans or real estate investments we may originate or acquire directly.
 
Until required in connection with the funding of loans or other investments, substantially all of the net proceeds of the Offering and, thereafter, our working capital reserves, may be invested in short-term, highly-liquid investments including, but not limited to, government obligations, bank certificates of deposit, short-term debt obligations and interest-bearing accounts.

 
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We made an election under Section 856(c) of the Internal Revenue Code to be taxed as a REIT, beginning with the taxable year ended December 31, 2010, which was the first year in which we had material operations.  As a REIT, we generally are not subject to federal income tax on income that we distribute to our shareholders. If we later fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate rates and may not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for four years following the year in which our qualification is denied unless we are entitled to relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially and adversely affect our net income. However, we intend to continue to operate so as to remain qualified as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
Our accounting policies have been established to conform with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to use judgment in the application of accounting policies, including making estimates and assumptions. These judgments affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. If management’s judgment or interpretation of the facts and circumstances relating to various transactions had been different, it is possible that different accounting policies would have been applied, thus resulting in a different presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Additionally, other companies may utilize different estimates that may impact comparability of our results of operations to those of companies in similar businesses.
 
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP.  GAAP consists of a set of standards issued by the FASB and other authoritative bodies in the form of FASB Statements, Interpretations, FASB Staff Positions, Emerging Issues Task Force consensuses and American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Statements of Position, among others.  The FASB recognized the complexity of its standard-setting process and embarked on a revised process in 2004 that culminated in the release on July 1, 2009 of the ASC.  The ASC does not change how the Trust accounts for its transactions or the nature of related disclosures made.  Rather, the ASC results in changes to how the Trust references accounting standards within its reports.  This change was made effective by the FASB for periods ending on or after September 15, 2009.  The Trust has updated references to GAAP in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to reflect the guidance in the ASC.  The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.  On a regular basis, we evaluate these estimates, including investment impairment.  These estimates are based on management’s historical industry experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.  Actual results may differ from these estimates.
 
Principles of Consolidation
 
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Trust and certain wholly-owned subsidiaries and all significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.  Actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.  At March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, there were no such amounts included in cash and cash equivalents.

 
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Restricted Cash
 
Restricted cash includes deposits associated with certain guarantees.
 
Loan Participation Interest – Related Parties
 
Loan participation interest – related parties represents the purchase of a financial interest in certain interim construction loan and finished lot loan facilities originated by our affiliates.  We participate in these loans by funding the lending obligations of our affiliates under these credit facilities up to a maximum amount for each participation.  Such participations entitle us to receive payments of principal and interest from the borrower up to the amounts funded by us.  The participation interests are typically collateralized by promissory notes, first or second lien deeds of trust on the homes financed under the construction loans or lots financed under the lot loan facilities, and other loan documents.  The participations have terms ranging from 12 to 27 months and bear interest at rates ranging from 13% to 15%.  The participation interests may be paid off prior to maturity; however, we intend to hold all participation interests for the life of the loans.
 
Notes Receivable and Notes Receivable – Related Parties
 
Notes receivable and notes receivable – related parties are recorded at the lower of cost or net realizable value.  The notes are collateralized by a first or second lien deed of trust on the underlying real estate collateral or a pledge of ownership interests in the borrower, as well as promissory notes, assignments of certain lot sales contracts and earnest money, and other loan documents.  The majority of the notes have terms ranging from 12 to 47 months and bear interest at rates ranging from 13% to 15%.  The notes may be paid off prior to maturity; however, the Trust intends to hold all notes for the life of the notes.
 
Allowance for Loan Losses
 
The allowance for loan losses is our estimate of incurred losses in our portfolio of loan participations, notes receivable, and notes receivable – related parties.  We periodically perform a detailed review of our portfolio of mortgage notes and other loans to determine if impairment has occurred and to assess the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.  We charge additions to the allowance for loan losses to current period earnings through a provision for loan losses.  Additionally, we charge additions to the allowance for loan losses for income suspended in the current period.  Amounts determined to be uncollectible are charged directly against (and decrease) the allowance for loan losses (“charged off”), while amounts recovered on previously charged off accounts increase the allowance.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the allowance for loan losses had a balance of $255,887 and $162,092, respectively.
 
Activity in our allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, was as follows:
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
  $ 162,092     $ -  
Provision for loan losses
    93,795       -  
Net charge-offs
    -       -  
Balance at end of period
  $ 255,887     $ -  
 
Organization and Offering Expenses
 
Organization costs will be expensed as incurred in accordance with Statement of Position 98-5, Reporting on the Costs of Start-up Activities, currently within the scope of FASB ASC 720-15.  Offering costs related to raising capital from debt will be capitalized and amortized over the term of such debt.  Offering costs related to raising capital from equity will be offset as a reduction of capital raised in shareholders’ equity.
 
Revenue Recognition
 
Interest income on loan participation interest – related parties, notes receivable and notes receivable – related parties is recognized over the life of the participation agreement or note agreement and recorded on the accrual basis.  Income recognition is suspended at either the date at which payments become 90 days past due or when, in the opinion of management, a full recovery of income and principal becomes doubtful.  Income recognition is resumed when the loan becomes contractually current and performance is demonstrated to be resumed.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, we were accruing interest on all loan participation interest – related parties, notes receivable and notes receivable – related parties.

 
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Commitment fee income represents non-refundable fees charged to borrowers for entering into an obligation that commits us to make or acquire a loan or to satisfy a financial obligation of the borrower when certain conditions are met within a specified time period.  When a commitment is considered an integral part of the resulting loan and we believe there is a reasonable expectation that the commitment will be called upon, the commitment fee is recognized as revenue over the life of the resulting loan as an adjustment to the yield on the loan.  When we believe it is unlikely that the commitment will be called upon or that the fee is not an integral part of the return of a specific future lending arrangement, the commitment fee is recognized as income when it is earned, based on the specific terms of the commitment.  We make a determination of revenue recognition on a case by case basis, due to the unique and varying terms of each commitment.
 
Acquisition and Origination Fees
 
UMTH LD, our asset manager, is paid 3% of the net amount available for investment in secured loans and other real estate assets; provided, however, that no acquisition and origination fees and expenses will be paid with respect to any asset level indebtedness we incur.  The acquisition and origination fees and expenses that we pay will be reduced by the amount of any acquisition and origination fees and expenses paid by borrowers or investment entities to our advisor or affiliates of our advisor with respect to our investment.  We will not pay any acquisition and origination fees and expenses with respect to any participation agreement we enter into with our affiliates or any affiliates of our advisor for which our advisor or affiliates of our advisor previously has received acquisition and origination fees and expenses from such affiliate with respect to the same secured loan or other real estate asset.  Such costs are amortized into expense on a straight line basis.
 
Income Taxes
 
We made an election under Section 856(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), to be taxed as a REIT, beginning with the taxable year ended December 31, 2010.  As a REIT, we generally are not subject to federal income tax on income that we distribute to our shareholders.  If we later fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate rates and may not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for four years following the year in which our qualification is denied unless we are entitled to relief under certain statutory provisions.  Such an event could materially and adversely affect our net income.  However, we intend to continue to operate so as to remain qualified as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.
 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
 
In accordance with the reporting requirements of FASB ASC 825-10, Financial Instruments-Fair Value, we calculate the fair value of our assets and liabilities which qualify as financial instruments under this statement and include this additional information in the notes to the financial statements when the fair value is different than the carrying value of those financial instruments.  The estimated fair value of restricted cash, accrued interest receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and line-of-credit approximates the carrying amounts due to the relatively short maturity of these instruments.  The estimated fair value of mortgage notes receivable and participation interest approximates the carrying amount since they bear interest at the market rate.
 
Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Standards
 
In July 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2010-20, “Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses.”  ASU 2010-20 requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature of credit risk inherent in an entity’s portfolio of financing receivables, how that risk is analyzed, and the changes and reasons for those changes in the allowance for credit losses.  It requires an entity to provide a greater level of disaggregated information about the credit quality of its financing receivables and its allowance for credit losses.  ASU 2010-20 will only impact disclosures.  Disclosures related to information as of the end of a reporting period are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2010. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 
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Guarantees
 
From time to time we enter into guarantees of debtor’s borrowings and provide credit enhancements for the benefit of senior lenders in connection with our debtors and investments (collectively referred to as “guarantees”), and we account for such guarantees in accordance with FASB ASC 460-10, Guarantees.
 
Loan Portfolio
 
As of March 31, 2011, we had entered into 7 participation agreements with related parties (1 of which was repaid in full) with an aggregate principal balance of approximately $24.2 million (with an unfunded balance of $3.6 million) and 5 related party note agreements totaling approximately $21.1 million (with an unfunded balance of $7.6 million).  Additionally, we had entered into 18 note agreements with third parties (1 of which was repaid in full) with an aggregate, maximum loan amount of approximately $104.6 million, of which $14.4 million has yet to be funded.
 
The participation agreements outstanding as of March 31, 2011 are made to developer entities which hold ownership interests in projects in addition to the project funded by us, may be secured by multiple single-family residential communities, and certain participation agreements are secured by a personal guarantee of the developer in addition to a lien on the real property or the equity interests in the entity that holds the real property.  The outstanding aggregate principal amount of mortgage notes originated by us as of March 31, 2011 are secured by properties located in the Dallas, Fort Worth, Austin, Houston, and San Antonio metropolitan markets in Texas.  Security for such loans takes the form of either a direct security interest represented by a first or second lien on the respective property and/or an indirect security interest represented by a pledge of the ownership interests of the entity which holds title to the property.
 
The interest rates payable range from 13% to 15% with respect to the outstanding participation agreements and notes receivable, including related parties, as of March 31, 2011.  The participation agreements have terms to maturity ranging from 12 to 27 months, while the notes receivable have terms ranging from 12 to 47 months.
 
Results of Operations
 
The quarter ended March 31, 2010 represents our initial quarter of operations.  Accordingly, except where otherwise noted, the change in our results from operations between comparable periods in 2011 and 2010 is primarily due to the increase in our investment portfolio as proceeds raised from our Offering continue to be invested in revenue-generating real estate investments.
 
Revenues
 
Total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 were approximately $2.4 million and $200,000, respectively, consisting primarily of interest income.  Of these amounts, $483,000 and $198,000, respectively, represented interest income from related party transactions.  In addition to interest income, we recognized commitment fee income of approximately $36,000 during the three month period ending March 31, 2011.  We did not recognize any commitment fee income in the first quarter of 2010.  We expect revenues to increase in the near future as we continue to raise proceeds from the Offering and invest such proceeds in revenue-generating real-estate investments.
 
Expenses
 
Interest expense related to our notes payable totaled approximately $443,000 and $47,000, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.  The increase is due to both fund- and asset-level leverage introduced to the fund during 2010.  General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 were approximately $296,000 and $107,000, respectively.  General and administrative expenses consisted primarily of professional fees (both legal and accounting), debt placement fees, amortization of deferred financing costs, and insurance expense.  Advisory fee – related parties expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 were approximately $347,000, compared to $46,000 for the comparable period in 2010.  The advisory fee – related parties includes operational compensation paid to our advisor consistent with the terms of our advisory agreement.  The year-over-year increase in general and administrative and advisory fee – related parties expenses is commensurate with the increase in our investment portfolio over the same period.  Our provision for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was approximately $94,000 and $0 respectively.  See Note B, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report for further discussion of our allowance for loan losses.

 
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We intend to grow our portfolio in conjunction with the increase in proceeds raised in the Offering.  We intend to deploy such proceeds in a diversified manner to the borrowers and markets in which we have experience and as markets dictate in accordance with the economic factors conducive for a stable residential market.  We expect general and administrative and advisory fee – related parties expenses to increase commensurate with the growth of our portfolio.
 
Cash Flow Analysis
 
We commenced active operations December 18, 2009, after the Trust satisfied the minimum offering of 50,000 common shares of beneficial interest for gross offering proceeds of $1.0 million in connection with the Offering.  Accordingly, except where otherwise noted, the change in our results from operations between comparable periods in 2011 and 2010 is primarily due to the increase in our investment portfolio as proceeds raised from our Offering continue to be invested in revenue-generating real estate investments.
 
Cash flows provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2011 were $93,204, compared to cash flows used in operating activities of $36,000 for the comparable 2010 period.  Our primary operating uses of cash are increases in accrued interest receivable, including related parties, commensurate with the growth in our investment portfolio between the comparable periods, and increases in other assets, which includes subscriptions being processed by our transfer agent.
 
Cash flows used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 were approximately $11.8 million and $13.6 million, respectively.  During the first quarter of 2011, we invested approximately $17.8 million in loan participation interests and notes receivable (including related parties), which was offset by principal repayments on such loans of approximately $6.0 million.  In 2010, our investments and principal repayments on similar investments were approximately $15.3 million and $1.7 million, respectively.
 
Cash flows provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 were approximately $16.6 million and $18.4 million, respectively.  The 2011 amount results primarily from approximately $16.1 million from funds received from the issuance of common shares of beneficial interest pursuant to the Offering and $3.3 million related to net advances from our senior credit facility, line of credit and note payable, offset by approximately $2.5 million of offering costs and $1.0 million of distributions paid during the period.  The 2010 amount results primarily from approximately $12.5 million from funds received from the issuance of common shares of beneficial interest pursuant to the Offering and $7.5 million related to net advances from our note payable, offset by approximately $1.6 million of offering costs and $74,000 of distributions paid during the period.
 
Our cash and cash equivalents were approximately $7.0 million as of March 31, 2011, compared to approximately $5.3 million at March 31, 2010.
 
Funds from Operations and Modified Funds from Operations
 
Due to certain unique operating characteristics of real estate companies, the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”), an industry trade group, has promulgated a measure known as FFO which we believe to be an appropriate supplemental measure to reflect the operating performance of a REIT.  FFO is not equivalent to our net income or loss as determined under GAAP.
 
We define FFO, a non-GAAP measure, consistent with the standards established by the White Paper on FFO approved by the Board of Governors of NAREIT, as revised in February 2004 (the “White Paper”).  The White Paper defines FFO as net income or loss computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains or losses from sales of property but including asset impairment write-downs, plus depreciation and amortization, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures.  Adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures are calculated to reflect FFO.  Our FFO calculation complies with NAREIT’s policy described above.

 
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However, changes in the accounting and reporting rules under GAAP that have been put into effect since the establishment of NAREIT’s definition of FFO have prompted an increase in the non-cash and non-operating items included in FFO.  Additionally, publicly registered, non-listed REITs typically have a significant amount of acquisition activity and are substantially more dynamic during their initial years of investment and operation and therefore require additional adjustments to FFO in evaluating performance.  Due to these and other unique features of publicly registered, non-listed REITs, the Investment Program Association, or the IPA, an industry trade group, has standardized a measure known as modified funds from operations, or MFFO, which we believe to be another appropriate supplemental measure to reflect the operating performance of a REIT.  The use of MFFO is recommended by the IPA as a supplemental performance measure for publicly registered, non-listed REITs.  MFFO is a metric used by management to evaluate sustainable performance and dividend policy.  MFFO is not equivalent to our net income or loss as determined under GAAP.
 
We define MFFO, a non-GAAP measure, consistent with the IPA’s Guideline 2010-01, Supplemental Performance Measure for Publicly Registered, Non-Listed REITs: Modified Funds from Operations, or the Practice Guideline, issued by the IPA in November 2010.  The Practice Guideline defines MFFO as FFO further adjusted for the following items included in the determination of GAAP net income: acquisition fees and expenses; amounts relating to deferred rent receivables and amortization of above and below market leases and liabilities; accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on debt investments; nonrecurring impairments of real estate-related investments; mark-to-market adjustments included in net income; nonrecurring gains or losses included in net income from the extinguishment or sale of debt, hedges, foreign exchange, derivatives or securities holdings where trading of such holdings is not a fundamental attribute of the business plan, unrealized gains or losses resulting from consolidation from, or deconsolidation to, equity accounting, and after adjustments for consolidated and unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures, with such adjustments calculated to reflect MFFO on the same basis.  Our MFFO calculation complies with the IPA’s Practice Guideline described above.
 
In calculating MFFO, we adjust for acquisition related expenses and impairments of real estate assets.  Management believes excluding acquisition costs from MFFO provides investors with supplemental performance information that is consistent with the performance models used by management, and provides investors with a view of our portfolio over time, independent of direct costs associated with the timing of acquisition activity.  MFFO also allows for a comparison of our portfolio with other REITs that are not currently engaged in acquisition activity, as well as a comparison of our performance with that of other non-traded REITs, as MFFO, or an equivalent measure, is routinely reported by non-traded REITs, and we believe often used by analysts and investors for comparison purposes.  With respect to loan loss provisions, management does not include these expenses in our evaluation of the operating performance of our real estate loan portfolio, as we believe these costs will be reflected in our reported results from operations if and when we actually realize a loss on a real estate investment.  As many other non-traded REITs exclude impairments in reporting their MFFO, we believe that our calculation and reporting of MFFO will assist investors and analysts in comparing our performance versus other non-traded REITs.  The other adjustments included in the IPA’s Practice Guideline are not applicable to us for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.
 
Presentation of this information is intended to assist the reader in comparing the operating performance of different REITs, although it should be noted that not all REITs calculate FFO and MFFO the same way, so comparisons with other REITs may not be meaningful.  Furthermore, FFO and MFFO are not necessarily indicative of cash flow available to fund cash needs and should not be considered as an alternative to net income as an indication of our performance.  Our FFO and MFFO reporting complies with NAREIT’s policy described above.
 
Management believes that MFFO provides investors with supplemental performance information that is consistent with the performance models and analysis used by management, and provides investors a view of the performance of our portfolio over time, including after the end of the Offering. MFFO may provide investors with a useful indication of our future performance, particularly after the end of the Offering or the time when we cease to make investments on a frequent and regular basis, and of the sustainability of our current distribution policy. However, because MFFO excludes the effect of acquisition costs, which are an important component in an analysis of the historical performance of an asset, MFFO should not be construed as a historic performance measure.

 
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The following is a reconciliation of net income to FFO and MFFO for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Net Income, as reported
  $ 1,208,207     $ 984  
Add:
               
Amortization expense
    115,231       9,848  
FFO
    1,323,438       10,832  
Other Adjustments:
               
Provision for loan losses
    93,795       -  
Acquisition costs
    83,333       -  
MFFO
  $ 1,500,566     $ 10,832  

Net Operating Income
 
We are disclosing net operating income and intend to disclose net operating income in future filings, because we believe that net operating income provides an accurate measure of the operating performance of our operating assets because net operating income excludes certain items that are not directly associated with our investments.  Net operating income is a non-GAAP financial measure that is defined as net income, computed in accordance with GAAP, generated from properties before interest expense, general and administrative expenses, depreciation, amortization and interest and dividend income.  Additionally, we believe that net operating income is a widely accepted measure of comparative operating performance in the real estate community.  However, our use of the term net operating income may not be comparable to that of other real estate companies as they may have different methodologies for computing this amount.
 
To facilitate understanding of this financial measure, the following is a reconciliation of net income to net operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Net Income, as reported
  $ 1,208,207     $ 984  
Add:
               
Interest expense
    443,338       47,158  
General and administrative expense (1)
    621,887       142,409  
Amortization expense
    115,231       9,848  
Less:
               
Other interest and dividend income
    5,517       288  
Net operating income
  $ 2,383,146     $ 200,111  
 
 
(1)
Includes Advisory Fee – Related Parties expense and Provision for Loan Losses.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Our liquidity requirements will be affected by (1) outstanding loan funding obligations, (2) our administrative expenses and (3) debt service on fund level and asset level indebtedness required to preserve our collateral position.  We expect that our liquidity will be provided by (1) loan interest, transaction fees and credit enhancement fee payments, (2) loan principal payments, (3) proceeds from the issuance of common shares of beneficial interest pursuant to the Offering, (4) proceeds from our DRIP, and (5) credit lines available to us.
 
There may be a delay between the sale of our shares and the making of real estate-related investments, which could result in a delay in our ability to make distributions to our shareholders.  However, we have not established any limit on the amount of proceeds from the Offering that may be used to fund distributions, except that, in accordance with our organizational documents and Maryland law, we may not make distributions that would (1) cause us to be unable to pay our debts as they become due in the usual course of business; (2) cause our total assets to be less than the sum of our total liabilities plus senior liquidation preferences, if any; or (3) jeopardize our ability to qualify as a REIT.  In addition, to the extent our investments are in development projects or in other properties that have significant capital requirements and/or delays in their ability to generate income, our ability to make distributions may be negatively impacted, especially during our early periods of operation.

 
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We use debt as a means of providing additional funds for the acquisition or origination of secured loans, acquisition of properties and the diversification of our portfolio.  There is no limitation on the amount we may borrow for the purchase or origination of a single secured loan, the purchase of any individual property or other investment.  Under our declaration of trust, the maximum amount of our indebtedness shall not exceed 300% of our net assets as of the date of any borrowing; however, we may exceed that limit if approved by a majority of our independent trustees and disclosed in our next quarterly report to shareholders, along with justification for such excess.  In addition to our declaration of trust limitation, our board of trustees has adopted a policy to generally limit our fund level borrowings to 50% of the aggregate fair market value of our assets unless substantial justification exists that borrowing a greater amount is in our best interests.  We also use, when appropriate, leverage at the asset level.  Asset level leverage is determined by the anticipated term of the investment and the cash flow expected by the investment.  Asset level leverage is expected to range from 0% to 90% of the asset value.
 
Asset level indebtedness will be either interest only or be amortized over the expected life of the asset.  Typically, asset indebtedness will be from a senior commercial lender between 50% and 90% of the fair market value of the asset.  Further, entity-level indebtedness will typically be a revolving credit facility permitting us to borrow up to an agreed-upon outstanding principal amount.  Such entity-level indebtedness is secured by a first priority lien upon all of our existing and future acquired assets.
 
Our advisor may, but is not required to, establish capital reserves from gross offering proceeds, out of cash flow generated from interest income from loans and income from other investments or out of non-liquidating net sale proceeds from the sale of our loans, properties and other investments.  Alternatively, a lender may require its own formula for escrow of capital reserves.
 
Potential future sources of capital include proceeds from secured or unsecured financings from banks or other lenders, proceeds from the repayment of loans, sale of assets and undistributed funds from operations.  If necessary, we may use financings or other sources of capital in the event of unforeseen significant capital expenditures.
 
We believe that the resources stated above will be sufficient to satisfy our operating requirements for the foreseeable future, and we do not anticipate a need to raise funds from other than the sources described above within the next 12 months.
 
Material Trends Affecting Our Business
 
We believe that the housing market has reached a bottom in its four-year decline and has begun to recover.  This recovery likely will be regional in its early stages and will be led by those housing markets with balanced supply, affordable and stable home prices, minimal levels of foreclosures, and strong demand fundamentals.  Nationally, we expect the recovery will continue to experience headwinds from weak demand fundamentals, specifically consumer confidence and employment, as well as from the limited availability of bank financing.  The national consumer confidence index, which fell to record lows during the economic downturn, has recovered somewhat, but remains closer to levels historically associated with recession than to normalized conditions.  Unemployment remains elevated and access to conventional real estate and commercial financing remains limited across most of the country.  These factors pose obstacles to a robust recovery on a national scale, which, we believe, is contingent upon the reengagement of the consumer and the return of final demand.  However, we expect the recovery will be stronger in markets such as Texas, where consumer confidence averaged approximately 15 points higher than the national index from the first quarter of 2010 to the first quarter of 2011; where job growth in 2010 was more than double the national rate; and where approximately 15% of all homebuilding permits in the country are issued.  Currently, 100% of our portfolio resides in the state of Texas, and we intend to invest only in markets that demonstrate similarly sound economic and demand fundamentals – fundamentals that we believe will be the drivers of the recovery, with balanced supplies of homes and finished lots.  We believe the fact that new single-family home permits, starts, and sales have all risen from their respective lows reflects a continued return of real demand for new homes.  However, we anticipate the former bubble markets – principally California, Arizona, Nevada and Florida – will be slower to recover, as those markets have seen overbuilding and extensive price correction and are experiencing weakened economies and continued foreclosures.

 
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From a national perspective, ongoing credit constriction, a less robust economic recovery, continued high unemployment, and housing price correction have made potential new home purchasers and real estate lenders cautious.  As a result of these factors, the national housing market has experienced a protracted decline, and the time necessary to correct the market likely means a corresponding slower recovery for the housing industry.
 
Nationally, capital constraints at the heart of the credit crisis have reduced the number of real estate lenders able or willing to finance development, construction or the purchase of homes and have increased the number of undercapitalized or failed builders and developers.  The number of new homes and finished lots developed also has decreased, which may result in a shortage of new homes and developed lots in select real estate markets in 2011.  We believe this shortage will be most prominent in markets that did not participate in the housing bubble, avoiding overbuilding and maintaining balanced supplies and where home prices remained affordable and stable.  With credit less available and lenders imposing stricter underwriting standards, mortgages to purchase homes have become more difficult to obtain in some markets.  To support the secondary residential mortgage market and prevent further deterioration of mortgage lending, the Federal Reserve began an unprecedented program to purchase approximately $1.25 trillion of residential mortgage backed securities between January 5, 2009 and March 31, 2010.  This program ended on March 31, 2010, as scheduled by the Federal Reserve.  As of the date of this quarterly report, the 30-year fixed-rate single-family residential mortgage interest rate remains below the rate that was available at the conclusion of the period of Federal Reserve purchases.  We believe that such stability at low rates indicates that the secondary residential mortgage market is operating smoothly independent of the support previously provided by the Federal Reserve.  However, any limitations or restrictions on the availability of financing or on the liquidity provided in the secondary residential mortgage market by Government Sponsored Enterprises such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac could adversely affect interest rates and mortgage availability, which could cause the number of homebuyers to decrease, which would increase the likelihood of borrowers defaulting on our loans and, consequently, reduce our ability to pay distributions to our shareholders.
 
Nationally, new single-family home inventory continued to improve in the first quarter of 2011 as it has done consistently since the first quarter of 2007.  First quarter new home sales fell slightly from the pace of sales in the fourth quarter of 2010 and continue to be depressed in the aftermath of the expiration of the federal homebuyer tax credit.  However, national fundamentals that drive home sales are improving in most markets and home affordability remains near record-highs, so we expect the pace of home sales will increase over 2011.  The U.S. Census Bureau reports that the sales of new single-family residential homes in March 2011 were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 300,000 units.  This number is down approximately 10.2% from the fourth quarter figure of 334,000 and down approximately 21.9% year-over-year from the March 2010 estimate of 384,000.  However, year-over-year comparisons are distorted by the effects of the federal homebuyer tax credit.  In March 2010, homebuyers were reacting to the forthcoming expiration of the first-time homebuyer tax credit in June 2010, creating a surge in home purchases.  The combination of a higher volume of home sales in the first quarter of 2010 and the hangover effect on sales in the subsequent quarters following the expiration of the homebuyer tax credit in June 2010 is likely responsible for the year-over-year disparity in sales figures between March 2010 and March 2011.
 
Through much of the downturn, homebuilders reduced their starts and focused on selling existing new home inventory.  The number of new homes for sale fell by approximately 45,000 units from March 2010 to March 2011 but just 5,000 units in the first quarter 2011.  We believe that, with such reductions and the relative leveling of inventory over more recent quarters, the new home market has been restored to equilibrium in most markets, even at low levels of demand.  The seasonally adjusted estimate of new homes for sale at the end of March 2011 was 183,000 – a supply of 7.3 months at the March sales rate and the lowest number of homes available for sale since August 1967.  We believe that what is necessary now to regain prosperity in housing markets is the return of healthy levels of demand.

 
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According to the U.S. Census Bureau, new single-family residential home permits and starts fell nationally from 2006 through 2008, as a result and in anticipation of an elevated supply of and decreased demand for new single-family residential homes in that period.  Since bottoming in early 2009, however, single-family permits and starts have improved significantly.  Single-family homes authorized by building permits in March 2011 were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 405,000 units.  While this was a 25.3% decrease year-over-year from the rate of 542,000 in March 2010, it remains approximately 18.1% higher than the low of 343,000 set in January 2009.  Single-family home starts for March 2011 stood at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 422,000 units.  This pace represented a year-over-year decrease of 21.1% from the March 2010 estimate of 535,000 units and a 25.0% decline from the peak of 2010 – 563,000 in April 2010 – as home builders adjusted their start rate after the expiration of the homebuyer tax credit.  Again, year-over-year figures between March 2010 home starts and March 2011 home starts are likely distorted by a surge in new home starts, reflecting homebuilders’ efforts to meet first quarter 2010 demand sparked by the anticipated close of the first-time homebuyer tax credit, as well as the reduction in new home starts following the June 2010 expiration of the homebuyer tax credit as builders recalibrated their inventory levels.  Even with the reduction in the start rate, the March 2011 pace is still 17.2% higher than the low of 360,000 set in January 2009.  Such increases strongly suggest to us that new home inventories are generally in balance and the homebuilding industry now anticipates greater demand for new homes in coming months relative to the demand evident at the bottom of the new homebuilding cycle.
 
The primary factors affecting new home sales are home price stability, home affordability, and housing demand.  Housing supply may affect both new home prices and the demand for new homes.  When the supply of new homes exceeds new home demand, new home prices may generally be expected to decline.  Declining new home prices may result in diminished new home demand as people postpone a new home purchase until such time as they are comfortable that stable price levels have been reached.  Also, home foreclosures cause the inventory of existing homes to increase, which may add additional downward price pressure on home prices and cause potential home purchasers to further delay the purchase of a home until such time as they are comfortable that home prices have stabilized.  The converse point is also true and equally important.  When new home demand exceeds new home supply, new home prices may generally be expected to increase; and rising new home prices, particularly at or near the bottom of the housing cycle, may result in increased new home demand as people become confident in home prices and accelerate their timing of a new home purchase.  Hence, we intend to concentrate our investments in housing markets with affordable and stable home prices, balanced supply, lower incidences of foreclosures, and strong demand fundamentals.  These demand fundamentals are generally job growth, the relative strength of the economy and consumer confidence, household formations, and population growth – both immigration and in-migration.
 
The U.S. Census Bureau forecasts that California, Florida and Texas will account for nearly one-half of the total U.S. population growth between 2000 and 2030 and that the total population of Arizona and Nevada will double during that period.  The U.S. Census Bureau projects that between 2000 and 2030 the total populations of Arizona and Nevada will grow from approximately 5 million to more than 10.7 million and from approximately 2 million to nearly 4.3 million, respectively; Florida’s population will grow nearly 80% between 2000 and 2030, from nearly 16 million to nearly 28.7 million; Texas’ population will increase 60% between 2000 and 2030, from nearly 21 million to approximately 33.3 million; and California’s population will grow 37% between 2000 and 2030, from approximately 34 million to nearly 46.5 million.
 
The Harvard Joint Center for Housing Studies forecasts that an average of between approximately 1.25 million and 1.48 million new households will be formed per year over the next ten years.  Likewise, The Homeownership Alliance, a joint project undertaken by the chief economists of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, the Independent Community Bankers of America, the National Association of Home Builders, and the National Association of Realtors, has projected that 1.3 million new households will be formed per year over the next decade and approximately 1.8 million housing units per year should be started to meet such new demand, including approximately 1.3 million new single-family homes per year based on the estimation of the Homeownership Alliance that 72% of all housing units built will be single-family residences.  The U.S. Census Bureau reported that approximately 357,000 new households were formed in 2010.

 
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While housing woes have beleaguered the national economy, Texas housing markets have held up as some of the best in the country, and Texas is the largest homebuilding market in the country based on the U.S. Census Bureau’s measurements of housing permits and starts.  We intend to concentrate our initial investment portfolio in Texas as we believe Texas markets, though weakened from their highs in 2007, have remained fairly healthy due to strong demographics, economies and job growth, balanced housing inventories, stable home prices and high housing affordability ratios.  Texas did not experience the dramatic price appreciation (and subsequent depreciation) that states such as California, Florida, Arizona, and Nevada experienced.  The following graph, created with data from the fourth quarter Federal Housing Finance Agency’s (“FHFA”) Purchase Price Only Index, illustrates the declines in home prices nationally, as well as in California, Florida, Arizona, and Nevada over the past few years.  Price declines have begun to moderate in those states in recent quarters, though.  Further, the graph illustrates how Texas has maintained relative home price stability throughout the downturn.  The Purchase Price Only Index indicates that Texas had a home price depreciation of -1.83% between the fourth quarter of 2009 and the fourth quarter of 2010.  However, Texas’ home prices continued to demonstrate more stability than the national average of -3.95%.  Further, the index also reports that over the past five years, Texas home prices have appreciated 9.19% compared to a national figure of -11.45% over the same time period.
 
 
FHFA’s Purchase Price Only Index tracks average house price changes in repeat sales on the same single-family properties.  The Purchase Price Only Index is based on more than 6 million repeat sales transactions and is based on data obtained from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac for mortgages originated over the past 36 years.  FHFA analyzes the combined mortgage records of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which form the nation’s largest database of conventional, conforming mortgage transactions.  The conforming loan limit for mortgages purchased since the beginning of 2006 has been $417,000.  Loan limits for mortgages originated in the latter half of 2007 through December 31, 2008 were raised to as much as $729,750 in high-cost areas in the contiguous United States.  Legislation generally extended those limits for 2009-originated mortgages.  An appropriations act (PL111-88) further extended those limits for 2010 originations in places where the limits were higher than those that would have been calculated under pre-existing rules.
 
Median new home prices in the four major Texas markets have begun to rise.  According to numbers publicly released by Residential Strategies, Inc. or Metrostudy, leading providers of primary and secondary market information, the median new home prices for the first quarter of 2011 in the metropolitan areas of Austin, Houston, Dallas, and San Antonio are $225,420, $248,528, $224,838 and $195,175, respectively.  Each of these sales figures represented a year-over-year increase of between 7.7% and 25.4% from the first quarter of 2010.  Austin rose 14.1% from $197,553; Houston rose 25.4% from $198,178; Dallas Fort-Worth rose 13.1% from $198,779; and San Antonio rose 7.7% from $181,237.  The March 2011 national median sales price of new homes sold was $213,800, according to estimates released jointly by the U.S. Census Bureau and the Department of Housing and Urban Development.

 
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Using the Department of Housing and Urban Development’s estimated 2010 median family income for the respective metropolitan areas of Austin, Houston, Dallas and San Antonio, the median income earner in those areas has 1.32 times, 1.06 times, 1.23 times, and 1.20 times the income required to qualify for a mortgage to purchase the median priced new home in the respective metropolitan area.  These numbers illustrate the affordability of Texas homes.  Our measurement of housing affordability, as referenced above, is determined as the ratio of median family income to the income required to qualify for a 90 percent, 30-year fixed-rate mortgage to purchase the median-priced new home, based on the average interest rate over the first quarter of 2011 and assuming an annual mortgage insurance premium of 70 basis points for private mortgage insurance, plus a cost that includes estimated property taxes and insurance for the home.  Using the Department of Housing and Urban Development’s 2010 income data to project an estimated median income for the United States of $64,400 and the March 2011 national median sales prices of new homes sold of $213,800, we conclude that the national median income earner has 1.22 times the income required to qualify for a mortgage loan to purchase the median-priced new home in the United States.  This estimation reflects the increase in home affordability in housing markets outside of Texas over the past 36 months, as new home prices in housing markets outside of Texas generally have fallen.  Recently, however, such price declines have begun to stabilize.  We believe that such price stabilization indicates that new home affordability has been restored to the national housing market.
 
Since December 2009, Texas employment markets have experienced strong job growth.   According to the United States Department of Labor, Texas added approximately 251,100 jobs in the twelve months ended March 2011, which was the largest year-over-year increase of any state in the country.  Out of these 251,100 jobs created, 223,300 of them have been in the private sector – a job growth rate of 2.7%.  Since bottoming in December 2009, Texas has added 317,100 jobs through March 2011.  Further, Texas has added approximately 539,500 new jobs over the past five years, 357,800 in the private sector, in contrast to a loss of more than 5.2 million private sector jobs in the country as a whole.  Austin added 13,700 jobs year-over-year from March 2010 to March 2011.  Dallas-Fort Worth added 71,300 jobs over that same time period, which was the greatest job gain of any city in the country over the past 12 months, just ahead of Houston, which enjoyed the second greatest job gain of any city in the country in that time.  Houston added 48,500 jobs over that period and San Antonio added 12,000 jobs in that time.  Taken together, these four cities have added an estimated net total of 340,300 jobs over the past five years: Austin added 67,000 jobs; Dallas-Fort Worth added 85,400 jobs; Houston added 140,200 jobs; and San Antonio added 47,700 jobs.  Of those jobs, 220,800 of them have been created in the private sector.
 
Texas’ unemployment rate fell year-over-year to 8.1% in March 2011 from 8.2% in March 2010.  The unemployment rate improved even as Texas added an estimated 122,121 workers to its labor force, which now stands at an all-time high.  The growth in Texas’ labor force stands in contrast to the national labor force, which has fallen by approximately 1.5 million workers, as of March 2011, from its peak in October 2008.  The national unemployment rate fell from March 2010 (9.7%) to March 2011 (8.8%).
 
All major Texas labor markets have unemployment rates below the national unemployment rate.  The Department of Labor reports that as of March 2011, the unemployment rate for Austin-Round Rock, Texas was 6.8%, down from 7.2% in March 2010.  Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, Texas was 8.1%, down from 8.4% a year ago.  Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, Texas was 8.3%, down from 8.6% one year ago, while San Antonio, Texas was 7.3%, up from 7.2%.
 
We believe that Texas cities will continue to be among the first in the country to recover based on employment figures, consumer confidence, gross metropolitan product, and new home demand.  According to the Texas Workforce Commission, Texas tends to enter into recessions after the national economy has entered a recession and usually leads among states in the economic recovery.  The National Bureau of Economic Research has concluded that the U.S. economy entered into a recession in December 2007, ending an economic expansion that began in November 2001.  We believe, based on transitions in the Texas Leading Index as prepared by the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, that Texas entered into recession in late Fall 2008, trailing the national recession by nearly a year and emerged from the recession in the late spring of 2009.  Further, we believe the Texas economy is now leading the national economic recovery.  The Texas Leading Index has risen significantly since reaching a low of 100.5 in March 2009 and, as of March 2011, was 119.4, which is more than 450 basis points higher than one year ago and the highest reading since August 2008.  The Texas Leading Index, produced monthly by the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, combines eight measures that tend to anticipate changes in the Texas business cycle by approximately three to nine months.

 
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Further, we believe Texas consumers are beginning to return to their normal consumption habits.  The aggregate value of state sales tax receipts in Texas increased 9.9% year-over-year in the first quarter of 2011 from the first quarter of 2010.  Although the Bureau of Economic Analysis has not yet released its measurement of gross state products around the country, the Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts projects that the Texas economy grew by 3.4% in 2010 – a pace that outperformed the nation’s 2.8% growth over the same period.
 
The U.S. Census Bureau reported in its 2009 Estimate of Population Change for the period from July 1, 2008 to July 1, 2009 that Texas led the country in population growth during that period.  The estimate concluded that Texas’ population grew by 478,012 people, or 2%, a number that was 1.25 times greater than the next closest state in terms of raw population growth, California, and more than 3.57 times the second closest state in terms of raw population growth, North Carolina.  In the Census Bureau’s 2010 Estimate of Population Change, Texas’ population grew an additional 1.8%, adding approximately 442,794 new residents in 2010.  For the decade, July 1, 2000 to July 1, 2010, Texas grew by nearly 4.3 million residents, averaging nearly 427,000 new residents per year.  This population growth was 1.17 times greater in terms of raw population growth than the next closest state, California, and 2.63 times greater than the second closest state, Florida.  The U.S. Census Bureau also reported that among the 15 counties that added the largest number of residents between July 1, 2008 and July 1, 2009, six were in Texas:  Harris (Houston), Tarrant (Fort Worth), Bexar (San Antonio), Collin (North Dallas), Dallas (Dallas) and Travis (Austin).  In March 2010, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that Texas’ four major metro areas – Austin, Houston, San Antonio, and Dallas-Fort Worth – were among the top 20 in the nation for population growth from 2008 to 2009.  Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington led the nation in numerical population growth with a combined estimated population increase of 146,530.  Houston-Sugarland-Baytown was second in the nation with a population increase of 140,784 from July 1, 2008 to July 1, 2009.  Austin-Round Rock had an estimated population growth of 50,975 and San Antonio had an estimated population growth of 41,437 over the same period.  The percentage increase in population for each of these major Texas cities ranged from 2% to 3.1%.
 
The Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts notes that the rate of foreclosures and defaults in Texas has remained generally stable for the past three years.  The national foreclosure tracking service, RealtyTrac, estimates that the Texas foreclosure rate continues to be significantly healthier than the national average.  We do not expect the four major Texas housing markets to be materially adversely affected by foreclosures and anticipate that home foreclosures will continue to be mostly concentrated in the bubble market states of California, Florida, Arizona and Nevada.  Homebuilding and residential construction employment are likely to remain generally weak for some time, but Texas again will likely continue to outperform the national standards.  We believe that Texas’ housing sector is healthier, the cost of living and doing business is lower, and its economy is more dynamic and diverse than the national average.
 
In contrast to the conditions of many homebuilding markets in the country, new home sales are greater than new home starts in Texas markets, indicating that home builders in Texas continue to focus on preserving a balance between new home demand and new home supply.  We believe that home builders and developers in Texas have remained disciplined on new home construction and project development.  New home starts are outpaced by new home sales in all four major Texas markets where such data is available: Austin, Dallas-Fort Worth, Houston and San Antonio.  Inventories of finished new homes and total new housing (finished vacant, under construction, and model homes) remain at generally healthy and balanced levels in all of these major Texas markets.  Each major Texas market experienced a rise in the number of months of finished lot inventories as homebuilders began reducing the number of new home starts in 2008, causing each major Texas market to reach elevated levels.  However, the number of finished lots available in each market has fallen significantly even though the months’ supply remains elevated.  And finished lot shortages are beginning to emerge in many desirable submarkets in the major Texas markets.  This is a trend that we expect to continue as the lack of commercial financing for development has constrained finished lot development over the past three and one-half years and as new home demand and sales continue, and we believe that such demand and sales will continue to increase and these finished lot shortages will become more pronounced.  As of March 2011, Houston has an estimated inventory of finished lots of approximately 39.1 months, Austin has an estimated inventory of finished lots of approximately 50.8 months, San Antonio has an estimated inventory of finished lots of approximately 55.8 months and Dallas-Fort Worth has an estimated inventory of finished lots of approximately 59.6 months.  A 24-28 month supply is considered equilibrium for finished lot supplies.

 
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As stated previously, the elevation in month’s supply of finished lot inventory in Texas markets owes itself principally to the decrease in the pace of annual starts rather than an increase in the raw number of developed lots, and as the homebuilders begin to increase their pace of home starts, we expect to see the month’s supply of lot inventory rapidly improve.  Indeed, the raw number of finished lots available in each Texas market has been significantly reduced from their peaks.  Since peaking in the first quarter of 2008, Houston’s finished lot supply is down 22.8% from 73,340 to 56,602 in the first quarter of 2011.  San Antonio’s finished lot inventory has fallen 15.6% to 33,441 since peaking at 39,618 in the third quarter of 2008.  Austin’s finished lot inventory peaked in the third quarter of 2008 at 31,628, and is down 20.0% to 25,308.  The finished lot inventory for Dallas-Fort Worth peaked in the first quarter of 2008 at 97,504 lots and has fallen 27.8% to 70,365 lots.  Such inventory reduction continued in the first quarter of 2011 for Dallas Fort-Worth and Houston, as the number of finished lots dropped by more than 2,000 in Dallas-Fort Worth, and nearly 100 lots in Houston.  Austin and San Antonio’s lot supplies remained generally stable in the first quarter of 2011 from the fourth quarter of 2010.  Annual starts in each of the Austin, San Antonio, Houston and Dallas-Fort Worth markets are outpacing lot deliveries, and we expect to see increased finished lot sales in 2011 as homebuilders replenish their inventory.
 
Texas markets continue to be some of the strongest homebuilding markets in the country.  The pace of homebuilding in Texas slowed over the past four years as a result of the national economic downturn and reduced availability of construction financing.  According to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Texas banks reduced their construction and development loans by 6.2% from the fourth quarter of 2009 to the fourth quarter of 2010.  While the decline in housing starts has caused the month supply of vacant lot inventory to become elevated from its previously balanced position, it has also preserved a balance in housing inventory.  Annual new home sales in Austin outpace starts 6,662 versus 5,979, with annual new home sales declining year-over-year by approximately 19.8%.  Finished housing inventory stands at a healthy level of 2.9 months, while total new housing inventory (finished vacant, under construction and model homes) rose to a balanced supply of 6.2 months.  The generally accepted equilibrium levels for finished housing inventory and total new housing inventory are a 2-to-2.5 month supply and a 6.0 month supply, respectively.  Like Austin, San Antonio is also a healthy homebuilding market.  Annual new home sales in San Antonio run slightly ahead of starts 7,684 versus 7,191, with annual new home sales declining year-over-year by approximately 1.3%.  Finished housing inventory rose to a generally healthy level of a 2.9 month supply.  Total new housing inventory held at a balanced 5.9 month supply.  Houston, too, is a healthy homebuilding market.  Annual new home sales there outpace starts 19,552 versus 17,354, with annual new home sales declining year-over-year by approximately 12.2%. Finished housing inventory is slightly elevated at a 3.2 month supply while total new housing inventory rose to a generally healthy 6.3 month supply, respectively.  Dallas-Fort Worth is a relatively healthy homebuilding market as well.  Annual new home sales in Dallas-Fort Worth outpace starts 15,987 versus 14,156, with annual new home sales declining year-over-year by approximately 3.1%.  Finished housing inventory fell to a generally healthy 2.8 month supply, while total new housing inventory rose slightly to a balanced 6.1 month supply.  All numbers are as released by Residential Strategies, Inc. or Metrostudy, leading providers of primary and secondary market information.
 
The Real Estate Center at Texas A&M University has reported that existing housing inventory levels rose to elevated conditions from the fourth quarter of 2010 to the first quarter of 2011.  Through March 2011, the number of months of home inventory for sale in Austin, Houston, Dallas, Fort Worth and Lubbock was 6.4 months, 7.8 months, 6.9 months, 7.2 months, and 7.6 months, respectively.  San Antonio’s inventory remains more elevated with a 8.2 month supply of homes for sale.  Like new home inventory, a 6-month supply of inventory is considered a balanced market with more than 6 months of inventory generally being considered a buyer’s market and less than 6 months of inventory generally being considered a seller’s market.  In March 2011, the number of existing homes sold to date in (a) Austin was 3,984, down 5.6% year-over-year; (b) San Antonio was 3,658, down 5.5% year-over-year; (c) Houston was 11,793, down 1.1% year-over-year, (d) Dallas was 8,066, down 11.0% year-over-year, (e) Fort Worth was 1,519, down 17.8% year-over-year, and (f) Lubbock was 487, down 20.3% year-over-year.  As home prices increase, we expect more sellers to enter the market, believing that prices will continue to increase.
 
In managing and understanding the markets and submarkets in which we make loans, we monitor the fundamentals of supply and demand.  We monitor the economic fundamentals in each of the markets in which we make loans by analyzing demographics, household formation, population growth, job growth, migration, immigration and housing affordability.  We also monitor movements in home prices and the presence of market disruption activity, such as investor or speculator activity that can create false demand and an oversupply of homes in a market.  Further, we study new home starts, new home closings, finished home inventories, finished lot inventories, existing home sales, existing home prices, foreclosures, absorption, prices with respect to new and existing home sales, finished lots and land, and the presence of sales incentives, discounts, or both, in a market.

 
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We face a risk of loss resulting from adverse changes in interest rates.  Changes in interest rates may impact both demand for our real estate finance products and the rate of interest on the loans we make.  In some instances, the loans we make will be junior in the right of repayment to senior lenders, who will provide loans representing 60% to 75% of total project costs.  As senior lender interest rates available to our borrowers increase, demand for our mortgage loans may decrease, and vice versa.
 
Developers and homebuilders to whom we make loans and with whom we enter into subordinate debt positions use the proceeds of our loans and investments to develop raw real estate into residential home lots and construct homes.  The developers obtain the money to repay our development loans by reselling the residential home lots to homebuilders or individuals who build single-family residences on the lots or by obtaining replacement financing from other lenders.  Homebuilders obtain the money to repay our loans by selling the homes they construct or by obtaining replacement financing from other lenders.  If interest rates increase, the demand for single-family residences may decrease.  Also, if mortgage financing underwriting criteria become stricter, demand for single-family residences may decrease.  In such an interest rate and/or mortgage financing climate, developers and builders may be unable to generate sufficient income from the resale of single-family residential lots and homes to repay loans from us, and developers’ and builders’ costs of funds obtained from lenders in addition to us may increase, as well.  Accordingly, increases in single-family mortgage interest rates or decreases in the availability of mortgage financing could increase the number of defaults on loans made by us.
 
We are not aware of any material trends or uncertainties, favorable or unfavorable, other than national economic conditions affecting real estate and interest rates generally, that we reasonably anticipate to have a material impact on either the income to be derived from our investments in mortgage loans or entities that make mortgage loans, other than those referred to in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.  The disruption of mortgage markets, in combination with a significant amount of negative national press discussing constriction in mortgage markets and the poor condition of the national housing industry, including declining home prices, have made potential new home purchasers and real estate lenders very cautious.  The economic downturn, the failure of highly respected financial institutions, significant volatility in equity markets around the world, unprecedented administrative and legislative actions in the United States, and actions taken by central banks around the globe to stabilize the economy have further caused many prospective home purchasers to postpone their purchases.  In summary, we believe there is a general lack of urgency to purchase homes in these times of economic uncertainty.  We believe that this has further slowed the sales of new homes and finished lots developed in certain markets; however, we do not anticipate the prices of those lots changing materially.  We also expect that the decrease in the availability of replacement financing may increase the number of defaults on real estate loans made by us or extend the time period anticipated for the repayment of our loans.  Our future results could be negatively impacted by prolonged weakness in the economy, high levels of unemployment, a significant increase in mortgage interest rates or further tightening of mortgage lending standards.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
In connection with the funding of some of our organization costs, on June 26, 2009, UMTH LD entered into a $6.3 million line of credit from Community Trust Bank of Texas.  As a condition to such line of credit, we have guaranteed UMTH LD’s obligations to Community Trust Bank of Texas under the line of credit in an amount equal to the amount of our organization costs funded by UMTH LD.  The receivable owing to UMTH LD associated with such organizational costs has been assigned to Community Trust Bank of Texas as security for the loan.  However, the amount of our guaranty is reduced to the extent that we reimburse UMTH LD for any of our organization costs it has funded, and the guaranty is subject to the overall limit on our reimbursement of organization and offering expenses, which is set at 3% of the gross offering proceeds.  As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the outstanding balance on the Community Trust Bank of Texas line of credit was approximately $5.5 million and $5.8 million, respectively.
 
From time to time we enter into guarantees of debtor’s borrowings and provide credit enhancements for the benefit of senior lenders in connection with our debtors and investments. Such credit enhancements may take the form of guarantees, pledges of assets, letters of credit, and inter-creditor agreements. As of March 31, 2011, we had one outstanding repayment guaranty with total credit risk to us of approximately $360,000, all of which had been borrowed against by the debtor. We had no outstanding credit enhancements to third parties as of December 31, 2010.
 
Contractual Obligations
 
As of March 31, 2011, we had entered into 7 participation agreements with related parties (1 of which was repaid in full) with an aggregate principal balance of approximately $24.2 million (with an unfunded balance of $3.6 million) and 5 related party note agreements totaling approximately $21.1 million (with an unfunded balance of $7.6 million).  Additionally, we had entered into 18 note agreements with third parties (1 of which was repaid in full) with an aggregate, maximum loan amount of approximately $104.6 million, of which $14.4 million has yet to be funded.
 
 
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We have no other outstanding debt or contingent payment obligations, other than the certain loan guarantees discussed above in “– Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements” or letters of credit, that we may make to or for the benefit of third-party lenders.

 
38

 
 
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
 
Market risk is the exposure to loss resulting from adverse changes in market prices, interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and equity prices. A significant market risk to which we are exposed is interest rate risk, which is sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations, and other factors beyond our control. Changes in interest rates may impact both demand for our real estate finance products and the rate of interest on the loans we make.  Another significant market risk is the market price of finished homes and lots.  The market price of finished homes or lots is driven by the demand for new single-family homes and the supply of unsold homes and finished lots in a market.  The change in one or both of these factors can have a material impact on the cash realized by our borrowers and resulting collectability of our loans and interest.
 
Demand for our secured loans and the amount of interest we collect with respect to such loans depends on the ability of borrowers of real estate construction and development loans to sell single-family lots to homebuilders and the ability of homebuilders to sell homes to homebuyers.
 
The single-family lot and residential homebuilding market is highly sensitive to changes in interest rate levels.  As interest rates available to borrowers increase, demand for secured loans decreases, and vice versa. Housing demand is also adversely affected by increases in housing prices and unemployment and by decreases in the availability of mortgage financing. In addition, from time to time, there are various proposals for changes in the federal income tax laws, some of which would remove or limit the deduction for home mortgage interest.  If effective mortgage interest rates increase and/or the ability or willingness of prospective buyers to purchase new homes is adversely affected, the demand for new homes may also be negatively affected.  As a consequence, demand for and the performance of our real estate finance products may also be adversely impacted.
 
We seek to mitigate our single-family lot and residential homebuilding market risk by closely monitoring economic, project market, and homebuilding fundamentals.  We review a variety of data and forecast sources, including public reports of homebuilders, mortgage originators and real estate finance companies; financial statements of developers; project appraisals; proprietary reports on primary and secondary housing market data, including land, finished lot, and new home inventory and prices and concessions, if any; and information provided by government agencies, the Federal Reserve Bank, the National Association of Home Builders, the National Association of Realtors, public and private universities, corporate debt rating agencies, and institutional investment banks regarding the homebuilding industry and the prices of and supply and demand for single-family residential homes.
 
In addition, we further seek to mitigate our single-family lot and residential homebuilding market risk by having our asset manager assign an individual asset manager to each secured note or equity investment.  This individual asset manager is responsible for monitoring the progress and performance of the builder or developer and the project as well as assessing the status of the marketplace and value of our collateral securing repayment of our secured loan or equity investment.
 
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to us, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) and Rule 15d-15(b) under the Exchange Act, our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated, as of March 31, 2011, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e).  Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective, as of March 31, 2011, to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in this report is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the rules and forms of the Exchange Act and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

 
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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2011 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 
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PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
 
We are not a party to, and none of our assets are subject to, any material pending legal proceedings.
 
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
 
There have been no material changes from the risk factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2011.
 
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
 
Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities
 
On November 12, 2009, our Registration Statement on Form S-11 (Registration No. 333-152760) (the “Registration Statement”), covering a public offering of up to 25,000,000 common shares of beneficial interest to be offered in the primary offering at a price of $20 per share, was declared effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.  The Registration Statement also covers up to 10,000,000 common shares of beneficial interest to be issued pursuant to our DRIP for $20 per share.  Therefore, an aggregate of $700 million of our common shares of beneficial interest are being offered pursuant to the Registration Statement.  We reserve the right to reallocate the common shares of beneficial interest registered in the Offering between the primary offering and the DRIP.
 
As of March 31, 2011, we had issued an aggregate of 3,512,417 common shares of beneficial interest in the Trust, consisting of 3,450,041 shares that have been issued to our shareholders pursuant to our primary offering in exchange for gross proceeds of approximately $69.0 million and 62,376 shares of beneficial interest issued to shareholders in accordance with our DRIP in exchange for gross proceeds of approximately $1.2 million.  The net offering proceeds to us, after deducting approximately $8.9 million of offering costs, were approximately $61.3 million.  Of the offering costs, approximately $2.0 million was paid to our advisor for organization and offering expenses and approximately $6.9 million was paid to non-affiliates for selling commissions and other offering fees.  As of March 31, 2011, we had originated 30 loans totaling approximately $149.9 million.  We had approximately $25.6 million of commitments to be funded under terms of the notes receivable and loan participation interest (including related parties), of which approximately $7.6 million relates to notes receivable – related parties, $14.4 million relates to notes receivable, and approximately $3.6 million relates to commitments to be funded under terms of the loan participation interest – related parties.  As of March 31, 2011, we have accrued placement fees to our advisor of approximately $2.6 million associated with the notes receivable and loan participation interest (including related parties).
 
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we did not sell any equity securities that were not registered or otherwise exempt under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
 
Share Redemption Program
 
We have adopted a share redemption program that enables our shareholders to sell their shares back to us in limited circumstances. Generally, this program permits shareholders to sell their shares back to us after they have held them for at least one year.  Except for redemptions upon the death of a shareholder (in which case we may waive the minimum holding periods), the purchase price for the redeemed shares, for the period beginning after a shareholder has held the shares for a period of one year, will be (1) 92% of the purchase price actually paid for any shares held less than two years, (2) 94% of the purchase price actually paid for any shares held for at least two years but less than three years, (3) 96% of the purchase price actually paid for any shares held at least three years but less than four years, (4) 98% of the purchase price actually paid for any shares held at least four years but less than five years and (5) for any shares held at least five years, the lesser of the purchase price actually paid or the then-current fair market value of the shares as determined by the most recent annual valuation of our shares.  The purchase price for shares redeemed upon the death of a shareholder will be the lesser of (1) the purchase price the shareholder actually paid for the shares or (2) $20.00 per share.  We reserve the right in our sole discretion at any time and from time to time to (1) waive the one-year holding period in the event of the death or bankruptcy of a shareholder or other exigent circumstances, (2) reject any request for redemption, (3) change the purchase price for redemptions, or (4) terminate, suspend and/or reestablish our share redemption program.   In respect of shares redeemed upon the death of a shareholder, we will not redeem in excess of 1% of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the twelve-month period immediately prior to the date of redemption, and the total number of shares we may redeem at any time will not exceed 5% of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the trailing twelve-month period prior to the redemption date. Our board of trustees will determine from time to time whether we have sufficient excess cash from operations to repurchase shares. Generally, the cash available for redemption will be limited to 1% of the operating cash flow from the previous fiscal year, plus any net proceeds from our DRIP.
 
 
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The following table sets forth information relating to our common shares of beneficial interest that have been repurchased during the quarter ended March 31, 2011:

2011
 
Total number of
common shares of
beneficial interest
repurchased
   
Average
price paid per
common
share of
beneficial
interest
   
Total number of
common shares of
beneficial interest
repurchased as part
of publicly
announced plan
   
Maximum number
of common shares
of beneficial
interest that may
yet be purchased
under the plan
 
January
    -     $ -       -         (1)
February
    1,250       20.00       1,250         (1)
March
    1,250       20.00       1,250         (1)
      2,500     $ 20.00       2,500          

 
(1)
A description of the maximum number of common shares of beneficial interest that may be purchased under our redemption program is included in the narrative preceding this table.
 
For the quarter ended March 31, 2011, we had received valid redemption requests relating to 2,500 shares of beneficial interest, all of which were redeemed for an aggregate purchase price of $50,000 (an average redemption price of $20.00 per share).  For the year ended December 31, 2010, we had received valid redemption requests relating to 2,500 shares of beneficial interest, all of which were redeemed for an aggregate purchase price of $50,000 (an average redemption price of $20.00 per share).  Such shares are included in treasury stock in the accompanying consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.  A valid redemption request is one that complies with the applicable requirements and guidelines of our current share redemption program set forth in the prospectus relating to the Offering.  We have funded share redemptions using funds from operations.
 
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities.
 
None.
 
Item 4. (Removed and Reserved)
 
Item 5. Other Information.
 
None.
 
Item 6. Exhibits.
 
The exhibits filed in response to Item 601 of Regulation S-K are listed on the Index to Exhibits attached hereto.
 
 
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SIGNATURES

           Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
United Development Funding IV
     
Dated:  May 16, 2011
By:
/s/ Hollis M. Greenlaw
   
Hollis M. Greenlaw
   
Chief Executive Officer
   
Principal Executive Officer
     
 
By:
/s/ Cara D. Obert
   
Cara D. Obert
   
Chief Financial Officer
   
Principal Financial Officer

 
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Index to Exhibits
Exhibit Number
 
Description
     
3.1
 
Second Articles of Amendment and Restatement of United Development Funding IV (previously filed in and incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement on Form S-11, Commission File No. 333-152760, filed on December 16, 2008)
     
3.2
 
Bylaws of United Development IV (previously filed in and incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-11, Commission File No. 333-152760, filed on August 5, 2008)
     
4.1
 
Form of Subscription Agreement (previously filed in and incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to prospectus dated May 2, 2011 filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3), Commission File No. 333-152760, filed on May 3, 2011)
     
4.2
 
Distribution Reinvestment Plan (previously filed in and incorporated by reference to Exhibit C to prospectus dated May 2, 2011 filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3), Commission File No. 333-152760, filed on May 3, 2011)
     
4.3
 
Share Redemption Program (previously filed in and incorporated by reference from the description under “Description of Shares – Share Redemption Program” in the prospectus dated May 2, 2011 filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3), Commission File No. 333-152760, filed on May 3, 2011)
     
10.1
 
Extension Agreement between Raley Holdings, LLC and United Development Funding IV (previously filed in and incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to Form 10-K filed on March 31, 2011)
     
10.2
 
Secured Promissory Note between HLL Land Acquisitions of Texas, LP and United Development Funding IV (previously filed in and incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to Form 10-K filed on March 31, 2011)
     
31.1
 
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer (filed herewith)
     
31.2
 
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer (filed herewith)
     
32.1*
 
Section 1350 Certifications (furnished herewith)

*
 
In accordance with Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, this Exhibit is not deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section.  Such certifications will not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.