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Table of Contents

 
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
 
     
þ
  QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2011
or
o
  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    For the transition period from          to          
 
Commission File Number 000-29472
 
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
         
Delaware
(State of incorporation)
      23-1722724
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
 
1900 South Price Road
Chandler, AZ 85286
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)
 
(480) 821-5000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ     No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes þ     No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
 
Large accelerated filer þ Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer o Smaller reporting company o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o     No þ
 
The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s Common Stock as of April 29, 2011 was 197,961,670.
 


 

 
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2011

TABLE OF CONTENTS
             
        Page
        No.
 
PART I. Financial Information
Item 1.   Financial Statements (unaudited)     2  
    Consolidated Statements of Income — Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010     2  
    Consolidated Balance Sheets — March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010     3  
    Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows — Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010     4  
    Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements     5  
Item 2.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations     22  
Item 3.   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk     30  
Item 4.   Controls and Procedures     32  
 
PART II. Other Information
Item 1.   Legal Proceedings     33  
Item 1A.   Risk Factors     33  
Item 6.   Exhibits     46  
Signatures     47  
 EX-31.1
 EX-31.2
 EX-32
 EX-101 INSTANCE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 SCHEMA DOCUMENT
 EX-101 CALCULATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 LABELS LINKBASE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT


Table of Contents

 
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1.   Financial Statements
 
 
                 
    For the Three Months
 
    Ended March 31,  
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands, except per share data)  
 
Net sales
  $ 664,950     $ 645,738  
Cost of sales
    538,264       508,782  
                 
Gross profit
    126,686       136,956  
                 
Operating expenses:
               
Selling, general and administrative
    64,558       56,296  
Research and development
    12,129       11,673  
                 
Total operating expenses
    76,687       67,969  
                 
Operating income
    49,999       68,987  
                 
Other (income) expense:
               
Interest expense
    18,789       22,369  
Interest expense, related party
    2,580       3,812  
Interest income
    (587 )     (733 )
Foreign currency loss
    1,731       975  
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate
    (1,518 )     (1,101 )
Other income, net
    (144 )     (241 )
                 
Total other expense, net
    20,851       25,081  
                 
Income before income taxes
    29,148       43,906  
Income tax expense (benefit)
    3,382       (167 )
                 
Net income
    25,766       44,073  
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (663 )     224  
                 
Net income attributable to Amkor
  $ 25,103     $ 44,297  
                 
Net income attributable to Amkor per common share:
               
Basic
  $ 0.13     $ 0.24  
                 
Diluted
  $ 0.10     $ 0.18  
                 
Shares used in computing per common share amounts:
               
Basic
    194,067       183,226  
Diluted
    277,585       282,509  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.


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Table of Contents

 
                 
    March 31,
    December 31,
 
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands, except per share data)  
 
ASSETS
Current assets:
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 392,951     $ 404,998  
Restricted cash
    19,712       17,782  
Accounts receivable:
               
Trade, net of allowances
    349,398       392,327  
Other
    19,152       17,970  
Inventories
    185,642       191,072  
Other current assets
    43,928       37,918  
                 
Total current assets
    1,010,783       1,062,067  
                 
Property, plant and equipment, net
    1,558,835       1,537,226  
Intangibles, net
    12,236       13,524  
Investments
    29,473       28,215  
Restricted cash
    1,940       1,945  
Other assets
    88,306       93,845  
                 
Total assets
  $ 2,701,573     $ 2,736,822  
                 
 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
               
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt
  $ 132,620     $ 150,081  
Trade accounts payable
    406,110       443,333  
Accrued expenses
    165,388       178,794  
                 
Total current liabilities
    704,118       772,208  
                 
Long-term debt
    960,908       964,219  
Long-term debt, related party
    150,000       250,000  
Pension and severance obligations
    109,779       103,543  
Other non-current liabilities
    12,336       10,171  
                 
Total liabilities
    1,937,141       2,100,141  
                 
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 15)
               
Equity:
               
Amkor stockholders’ equity:
               
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 10,000 shares authorized, designated Series A, none issued
           
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 500,000 shares authorized, 197,178 and
               
183,467 shares issued, and 197,061 and 183,420 shares outstanding, in 2011 and 2010, respectively
    197       183  
Additional paid-in capital
    1,607,942       1,504,927  
Accumulated deficit
    (865,167 )     (890,270 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    14,991       15,457  
Treasury stock, at cost, 117 and 47 shares in 2011 and 2010, respectively
    (862 )     (284 )
                 
Total Amkor stockholders’ equity:
    757,101       630,013  
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries
    7,331       6,668  
                 
Total equity
    764,432       636,681  
                 
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 2,701,573     $ 2,736,822  
                 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.


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Table of Contents

 
                 
    For the Three Months
 
    Ended March 31,  
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
               
Net income
  $ 25,766     $ 44,073  
Depreciation and amortization
    83,442       75,805  
Other operating activities and non-cash items
    4,896       (1,419 )
Changes in assets and liabilities
    6,123       (14,730 )
                 
Net cash provided by operating activities
    120,227       103,729  
                 
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
    (113,881 )     (67,092 )
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment
    278       364  
Financing lease payment from unconsolidated affiliate
    3,020       4,896  
Other investing activities
    (1,057 )     (6,168 )
                 
Net cash used in investing activities
    (111,640 )     (68,000 )
                 
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
Borrowings under revolving credit facilities
          3,261  
Payments under revolving credit facilities
          (34,253 )
Proceeds from issuance of short-term working capital facility
    15,000       15,000  
Payments of short-term working capital facility
    (15,000 )     (15,000 )
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt
          38,824  
Payments of long-term debt
    (20,413 )     (13,661 )
Payments for debt issuance costs
          (166 )
Proceeds from issuance of stock through stock compensation plans
    627       399  
Payments of tax withholding for restricted shares
    (696 )      
                 
Net cash used in financing activities
    (20,482 )     (5,596 )
                 
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents
    (152 )     (66 )
                 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
    (12,047 )     30,067  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    404,998       395,406  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 392,951     $ 425,473  
                 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
               
Cash paid during the period for:
               
Interest
  $ 3,609     $ 4,623  
Income taxes
    6,842       1,081  
Non cash investing and financing activities:
               
Common stock issuance for conversion of related party 6.25% convertible subordinated notes
  $ 100,000     $  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.


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Table of Contents

AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
(Unaudited)
 
1.   Interim Financial Statements
 
Basis of Presentation.  The Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures as of March 31, 2011 and for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, are unaudited, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The December 31, 2010 Consolidated Balance Sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S.”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In our opinion, these financial statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for the fair statement of the results for the interim periods. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in our Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2010, filed on Form 10-K with the SEC on February 24, 2011. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to “Amkor,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “company” are to Amkor Technology, Inc. and our subsidiaries.
 
The U.S. dollar is our reporting currency and the functional currency for the majority of our foreign subsidiaries. For our subsidiaries and affiliate in Japan, the local currency is the functional currency.
 
Use of Estimates.  The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP, using management’s best estimates and judgments where appropriate. These estimates and judgments affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. The estimates and judgments will also affect the reported amounts for certain revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates and judgments.
 
2.   New Accounting Standards
 
Recently Adopted Standards
 
In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2010-06, Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements, which amended Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements, to require additional disclosures related to activity within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. These provisions of the ASU are effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2010. Our adoption of these provisions on January 1, 2011, did not have an impact on our financial statements.
 
In October 2009, the FASB issued ASU 2009-13, Revenue Recognition (Topic 605) — Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements, which supersedes certain guidance in ASC 605-25, Revenue Recognition – Multiple Element Arrangements. This topic requires an entity to allocate arrangement consideration at the inception of an arrangement to all of its deliverables based on their relative selling prices. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after June 15, 2010. Our adoption of ASU 2009-13 on January 1, 2011, did not have an impact on our financial statements.
 
3.   Share-Based Compensation Plans
 
All of our share-based compensation to employees, including grants of employee stock options and restricted shares, are measured at fair value and expensed over the service period (generally the vesting period). The following


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Table of Contents

AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
table presents share-based compensation expense attributable to stock options and restricted shares. There is no deferred income tax benefit in either period.
 
                 
    For the Three Months Ended
 
    March 31,  
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Stock options
  $ 579     $ 622  
Restricted shares
    1,442       306  
                 
Total share-based compensation expense
  $ 2,021     $ 928  
                 
 
The following table presents share-based compensation expense as included in the Consolidated Statements of Income:
 
                 
    For the Three Months Ended
 
    March 31,  
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Cost of sales
  $ 1     $ 7  
Selling, general and administrative
    1,757       820  
Research and development
    263       101  
                 
Share-based compensation expense
  $ 2,021     $ 928  
                 
 
Stock Options
 
The following table summarizes our stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2011:
 
                                 
                Weighted
       
          Weighted
    Average
    Aggregate
 
    Number of
    Average
    Remaining
    Intrinsic
 
    Shares
    Exercise Price
    Contractual
    Value
 
    (In thousands)     Per Share     Term (Years)     (In thousands)  
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2010
    7,843     $ 10.26                  
Granted
                           
Exercised
    (122 )     5.15                  
Forfeited or expired
    (588 )     11.32                  
                                 
Outstanding at March 31, 2011
    7,133     $ 10.25       3.27     $ 2,052  
                                 
Fully vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2011
    7,089     $ 10.27       3.24     $ 2,043  
                                 
Exercisable at March 31, 2011
    6,515     $ 10.42       2.88     $ 1,870  
                                 
 
The intrinsic value of options exercised for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, was $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, cash received for stock option exercises was $0.6 million and $0.4 million, respectively. There was no tax benefit realized. The related cash receipts are included in financing activities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Total unrecognized compensation expense from stock options, including a forfeiture estimate, was approximately $2.6 million as of March 31, 2011, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average


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Table of Contents

AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
period of 1.5 years beginning April 1, 2011. To the extent the actual forfeiture rate is different than what we have anticipated, share-based compensation related to these awards will be different from our expectations.
 
Restricted Shares
 
The following table summarizes our restricted share activity for the three months ended March 31, 2011:
 
                 
          Weighted
 
    Number of
    Average
 
    Shares
    Grant-Date
 
    (In thousands)     Fair Value  
 
Nonvested at December 31, 2010
    372     $ 5.96  
Awards granted
    805       7.71  
Awards vested
    (256 )     7.85  
Awards forfeited
    (20 )     7.22  
                 
Nonvested at March 31, 2011
    901     $ 6.96  
                 
 
Awards vested include 142,000 shares for retirement eligible recipients whose restricted shares are treated for accounting and tax purposes as if vested when they meet the retirement eligible date. The fair value of these shares upon vesting during 2011 was $1.1 million. Of those 142,000 shares, 51,000 shares were withheld to satisfy tax withholding obligations and are treated as treasury stock, at a cost of $0.4 million.
 
The valuation of restricted stock shares is determined based on the fair market value of the underlying shares on the date of grant and amortized on a straight-line basis over the four year vesting period. The unrecognized compensation cost, including a forfeiture estimate, was $5.3 million as of March 31, 2011, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 3.2 years beginning April 1, 2011. To the extent that the actual forfeiture rate is different than what we have anticipated, the share-based compensation expense related to these awards will be different from our expectations.
 
4.   Income Taxes
 
Our income tax expense of $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, primarily reflects $2.2 million of expense related to income taxes at certain of our foreign operations, $0.5 million of foreign withholding taxes, and $0.7 million of deferred taxes on our investment in J-Devices. Our income tax expense reflects income taxed in foreign jurisdictions where we benefit from tax holidays. At March 31, 2011, we had U.S. net operating loss carryforwards totaling $388.6 million, which expire at various times through 2030. Additionally, at March 31, 2011, we had $67.6 million of non-U.S. net operating loss carryforwards, the vast majority of which will expire at various times through 2018.
 
We maintain a valuation allowance on all of our U.S. net deferred tax assets, including our net operating loss carryforwards. We also have valuation allowances on deferred tax assets in certain foreign jurisdictions. Such valuation allowances are released as the related tax benefits are realized on our tax returns or when sufficient net positive evidence exists to conclude it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized.
 
Our gross unrecognized tax benefits increased from $10.5 million at December 31, 2010, to $10.8 million as of March 31, 2011 primarily due to a change in the reserve resulting from the evaluation of new information obtained during the quarter. At March 31, 2011, substantially all of our unrecognized tax benefits would reduce our effective tax rate, if recognized. We are seeking rulings from local taxing authorities to confirm the availability of unrecognized tax benefits related to revenue attribution and eligibility for certain tax incentives. The rulings are currently expected within the next twelve months, at which time our unrecognized tax benefits may be reduced by up to $8.2 million. Our unrecognized tax benefits are subject to change as examinations of tax years are


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Table of Contents

AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
completed. Tax return examinations involve uncertainties and there can be no assurances that the outcome of examinations will be favorable.
 
5.   Earnings Per Share
 
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to Amkor common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of common shares outstanding includes restricted shares held by retirement eligible recipients and excludes treasury stock. Unvested share-based compensation awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are considered participating securities and are included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. As discussed in Note 3, we grant restricted shares which entitle recipients to voting and nonforfeitable dividend rights from the date of grant. As a result, we have applied the two-class method to determine earnings per share.
 
Diluted EPS is computed on the basis of the weighted average number of shares of common stock plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Dilutive potential common shares include outstanding stock options, unvested restricted shares and convertible debt. The following table summarizes the computation of basic and diluted EPS:
 
                 
    For the Three
 
    Months Ended
 
    March 31,  
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Net income attributable to Amkor
  $ 25,103     $ 44,297  
Income allocated to participating securities
    (116 )     (114 )
                 
Net income available to Amkor common shareholders
    24,987       44,183  
Adjustment for dilutive securities on net income:
               
Net income allocated to participating securities in basic calculation
    116          
Interest on 2.5% convertible notes due 2011, net of tax
          329  
Interest on 6.25% convertible notes due 2013, net of tax
          1,592  
Interest on 6.0% convertible notes due 2014, net of tax
    4,026       4,026  
                 
Net income attributable to Amkor — diluted
  $ 29,129     $ 50,130  
                 
Weighted average shares outstanding — basic
    194,067       183,226  
Effect of dilutive securities:
               
Stock options
    417       299  
Unvested restricted shares
    443       57  
2.5% convertible notes due 2011
          2,918  
6.25% convertible notes due 2013
          13,351  
6.0% convertible notes due 2014
    82,658       82,658  
                 
Weighted average shares outstanding — diluted
    277,585       282,509  
                 
Net income attributable to Amkor per common share:
               
Basic
  $ 0.13     $ 0.24  
Diluted
    0.10       0.18  


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Table of Contents

AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
The following table summarizes the potential shares of common stock that were excluded from diluted EPS, because the effect of including these potential shares was antidilutive:
 
                 
    For the Three Months Ended
 
    March 31,  
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Stock options
    5,531       6,898  
2.5% convertible notes due 2011
    2,918        
6.25% convertible notes due 2013
    2,819        
                 
Total potentially dilutive shares
    11,268       6,898  
                 
 
6.   Equity and Comprehensive Income
 
The following table reflects the changes in equity and comprehensive income attributable to both Amkor and the noncontrolling interests:
 
                         
          Attributable to
       
    Attributable
    Noncontrolling
       
    to Amkor     Interests     Total  
    (In thousands)  
 
Equity at December 31, 2010
  $ 630,013     $ 6,668     $ 636,681  
Comprehensive income:
                       
Net income
    25,103       663       25,766  
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                       
Adjustments to unrealized components of defined benefit pension plan, net of tax
    103             103  
Cumulative translation adjustment
    (567 )           (567 )
                         
Total other comprehensive loss
    (464 )           (464 )
                         
Comprehensive income
    24,639       663       25,302  
Treasury stock acquired through surrender of shares for tax withholding
    (696 )           (696 )
Issuance of stock through employee share-based compensation plans
    627             627  
Share-based compensation expense
    2,021             2,021  
Conversion of debt to common stock
    100,497             100,497  
                         
Equity at March 31, 2011
  $ 757,101     $ 7,331     $ 764,432  
                         


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AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
                         
          Attributable to
       
    Attributable
    Noncontrolling
       
    to Amkor     Interests     Total  
    (In thousands)  
 
Equity at December 31, 2009
  $ 383,209     $ 6,492     $ 389,701  
Comprehensive income:
                       
Net income
    44,297       (224 )     44,073  
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                       
Adjustments to unrealized components of defined benefit pension plan, net of tax
    74             74  
Cumulative translation adjustment
    (660 )           (660 )
                         
Total other comprehensive loss
    (586 )           (586 )
                         
Comprehensive income
    43,711       (224 )     43,487  
Treasury stock acquired through surrender of shares for tax withholding
                 
Issuance of stock through employee share-based compensation plans
    399             399  
Share-based compensation expense
    928             928  
                         
Equity at March 31, 2010
  $ 428,247     $ 6,268     $ 434,515  
                         
 
7.   Inventories
 
Inventories consist of the following:
 
                 
    March 31,
    December 31,
 
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Raw materials and purchased components
  $ 137,615     $ 145,043  
Work-in-process
    48,027       46,029  
                 
Total inventories
  $ 185,642     $ 191,072  
                 

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AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
8.   Property, Plant and Equipment
 
Property, plant and equipment consist of the following:
 
                 
    March 31,
    December 31,
 
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Land
  $ 106,338     $ 106,338  
Land use rights
    19,945       19,945  
Buildings and improvements
    857,380       838,237  
Machinery and equipment
    2,823,111       2,749,445  
Software and computer equipment
    180,409       176,376  
Furniture, fixtures and other equipment
    20,634       20,611  
Construction in progress
    17,374       50,610  
                 
      4,025,191       3,961,562  
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
    (2,466,356 )     (2,424,336 )
                 
Total property, plant and equipment, net
  $ 1,558,835     $ 1,537,226  
                 
 
The following table reconciles our activity related to property, plant and equipment additions as reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheets to property, plant and equipment purchases as presented on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
 
                 
    For the Three
 
    Months Ended
 
    March 31,  
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Property, plant and equipment additions
  $ 104,993     $ 72,737  
Net change in related accounts payable and deposits
    8,888       (5,645 )
                 
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
  $ 113,881     $ 67,092  
                 
 
9.   Intangible Assets
 
Acquired intangibles as of March 31, 2011, consist of the following:
 
                         
          Accumulated
       
    Gross     Amortization     Net  
    (In thousands)  
 
Patents and technology rights
  $ 52,607     $ (48,163 )   $ 4,444  
Customer relationships
    16,940       (9,148 )     7,792  
                         
Total intangibles
  $ 69,547     $ (57,311 )   $ 12,236  
                         
 
Acquired intangibles as of December 31, 2010, consist of the following:
 
                         
          Accumulated
       
    Gross     Amortization     Net  
    (In thousands)  
 
Patents and technology rights
  $ 52,587     $ (47,864 )   $ 4,723  
Customer relationships
    16,940       (8,139 )     8,801  
                         
Total intangibles
  $ 69,527     $ (56,003 )   $ 13,524  
                         


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AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
Amortization of identifiable intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, was $1.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively. Based on the amortizing assets recognized in our balance sheet at March 31, 2011, amortization for each of the next five years is estimated as follows:
 
         
    (In thousands)  
 
2011 Remaining
  $ 3,944  
2012
    3,722  
2013
    3,352  
2014
    640  
2015
    338  
Thereafter
    240  
         
Total amortization
  $ 12,236  
         
 
10.   Investments
 
Investments consist of the following:
 
                                 
    March 31,
    December 31,
 
    2011     2010  
    Carrying
    Ownership
    Carrying
    Ownership
 
    Value     Percentage     Value     Percentage  
          (In thousands)        
 
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate
  $ 29,473       30.0 %   $ 28,215       30.0 %
                                 
Total investments
  $ 29,473             $ 28,215          
                                 
 
J-Devices Corporation
 
On October 30, 2009, Amkor and Toshiba Corporation (“Toshiba”) invested in Nakaya Microdevices Corporation (“NMD”) and formed a joint venture to provide semiconductor assembly and final testing services in Japan. As a result of the transaction, NMD is now owned 60% by the existing shareholders of NMD, 30% by Amkor and 10% by Toshiba and has changed its name to J-Devices. J-Devices is a variable interest entity, but as we are not the primary beneficiary, the investment is accounted for as an unconsolidated affiliate.
 
Our investment includes our 30% equity interest and call options to acquire additional equity interests. Under the equity method of accounting, we recognize our 30% proportionate share of J-Devices’ net income or loss which includes J-Devices’ income taxes in Japan, during each accounting period. In addition, we record equity method adjustments for the amortization of a basis difference as our carrying value exceeded our equity in the net assets of J-Devices at the date of investment and other adjustments required by the equity method. For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, our equity in earnings in J-Devices, net of J-Devices’ income taxes in Japan, was $1.5 million and $1.1 million, respectively.
 
In conjunction with entering into the joint venture, one of our existing subsidiaries in Japan purchased assembly and test equipment from Toshiba and leased the equipment to J-Devices under an agreement which is


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AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
accounted for as a direct financing lease. For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we recognized $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively, in interest income. Our lease receivables consist of the following:
 
                 
    March 31,
       
    2011     December 31, 2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Current (Other accounts receivable)
  $ 12,985     $ 13,122  
Non-current (Other assets)
    19,713       23,201  
                 
Total lease receivable
  $ 32,698     $ 36,323  
                 
 
11.   Accrued Expenses
 
Accrued expenses consist of the following:
 
                 
    March 31,
    December 31,
 
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Payroll and benefits
  $ 54,410     $ 69,903  
Customer advances and deferred revenue
    37,106       34,164  
Accrued interest
    28,010       12,332  
Income taxes payable
    2,431       10,422  
Accrued severance plan obligations (Note 13)
    6,470       6,131  
Other accrued expenses
    36,961       45,842  
                 
Total accrued expenses
  $ 165,388     $ 178,794  
                 


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AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
12.   Debt
 
Following is a summary of short-term borrowings and long-term debt:
 
                 
    March 31,
    December 31,
 
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Debt of Amkor Technology, Inc.
               
Senior secured credit facilities:
               
$100 million revolving credit facility, LIBOR + 2.25%-2.75%, due April 2015
  $     $  
Senior notes:
               
9.25% Senior notes due June 2016
    264,283       264,283  
7.375% Senior notes due May 2018
    345,000       345,000  
Senior subordinated notes:
               
2.5% Convertible senior subordinated notes due May 2011
    42,579       42,579  
6.0% Convertible senior subordinated notes due April 2014, $150 million related party
    250,000       250,000  
Subordinated notes:
               
6.25% Convertible subordinated notes due December 2013, related party
          100,000  
Debt of subsidiaries:
               
Working capital facility, LIBOR + 1.7%, due January 2011
          15,000  
Working capital facility, LIBOR + 2.8%, due January 2012
    15,000        
Term loan TIBOR + 0.65%, due July 2011
    1,516       2,680  
Term loan TIBOR + 0.8%, due September 2012
    16,973       19,848  
Term loan, bank funding rate-linked base rate + 1.99% due May 2013
    118,000       123,000  
Term loan, bank base rate + 0.5% due April 2014
    139,282       149,996  
Term loan, 90-day primary commercial paper rate + 0.835% due April 2015
    50,895       51,042  
Revolving credit facilities
           
Secured equipment and property financing
          872  
                 
      1,243,528       1,364,300  
Less: Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt
    (132,620 )     (150,081 )
                 
Long-term debt (including related party)
  $ 1,110,908     $ 1,214,219  
                 
 
There have been no borrowings under our senior secured credit facility as of March 31, 2011; however, we have utilized $0.4 million of the available letter of credit sub-limit of $25.0 million. The borrowing base for the revolving credit facility is based on the amount of our eligible accounts receivable, which exceeded $100.0 million as of March 31, 2011. This facility includes a number of affirmative and negative covenants, which could restrict our operations. If we were to default under the first lien revolving credit facility, we would not be permitted to draw additional amounts, and the banks could accelerate our obligation to pay all outstanding amounts.
 
In November 2005, we issued $100.0 million of our 6.25% Convertible Subordinate Notes due December 2013 (the “December 2013 Notes”) in a private placement to Mr. James J. Kim, our Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors, and certain Kim family members. When they became callable in December 2010, we announced a call


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AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
for redemption of the entire $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of the December 2013 Notes. Holders of all $100.0 million of the outstanding December 2013 Notes converted their notes into an aggregate of 13,351,131 shares of our common stock in January 2011. There was no gain or loss recorded as a result of the conversion. Forfeited accrued interest of $0.9 million and unamortized deferred debt costs of $0.4 million were included in the net carrying amount of the debt recorded to our capital accounts upon conversion.
 
In January 2009, Amkor Assembly & Test (Shanghai) Co, Ltd. (“AATS”), a Chinese subsidiary, entered into a $50.0 million U.S. dollar denominated working capital facility agreement with a Chinese bank maturing in January 2011. The facility was collateralized with certain real property and buildings in China. Principal amounts borrowed were required to be repaid within twelve months of the drawdown date and could be prepaid at any time without penalty. In January 2011, the outstanding balance of $15.0 million was repaid at maturity. In January 2011, AATS entered into a new $50.0 million U.S. dollar denominated working capital facility agreement with the same Chinese bank maturing in January 2013. The new facility bears interest at LIBOR plus 2.8% (3.25% as of March 31, 2011), which is payable in semi-annual payments. All other terms and conditions are consistent with the prior facility. At March 31, 2011, $15.0 million was outstanding under the facility. In April 2011, an additional $5.0 million was drawn on the facility. The working capital facility contains certain affirmative and negative covenants, which could restrict our operations. If we were to default on our obligations under any of these facilities, we would not be permitted to draw additional amounts, and the lenders could accelerate our obligation to pay all outstanding amounts.
 
In April 2010, Amkor Technology Taiwan Ltd, a Taiwanese subsidiary, entered into a 1.5 billion Taiwan dollar (approximately $47 million at inception) term loan with a Taiwanese bank due April 2015. The term loan accrues interest at the 90-day commercial paper rate plus 0.835%. The interest rate at March 31, 2011, was 2.293%. The term loan is collateralized with certain land, buildings, and equipment in Taiwan. In March 2011, we amended the principal repayment schedule. As a result, semiannual principal payments of 150 million Taiwan dollars (approximately $5.1 million) will begin in April 2012 and the remaining 600 million Taiwan dollars (approximately $20.4 million) will be due on the final maturity date.
 
Our secured bank debt agreements and the indentures governing our outstanding notes contain a number of affirmative and negative covenants which could restrict our operations. We were in compliance with all of our covenants as of March 31, 2011.
 
13.   Pension and Severance Plans
 
Foreign Pension Plans
 
Our Philippine, Taiwanese and Japanese subsidiaries sponsor defined benefit pension plans that cover substantially all of their respective employees who are not covered by statutory plans. Charges to expense are based upon actuarial analyses. The components of net periodic pension cost for these defined benefit plans are as follows:
 
                 
    For the Three
 
    Months Ended
 
    March 31,  
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Components of net periodic pension cost:
               
Service cost
  $ 1,628     $ 1,450  
Interest cost
    909       914  
Expected return on plan assets
    (875 )     (572 )
Amortization of transitional obligation
    2       3  
Amortization of prior service cost
    78       70  
Recognized actuarial loss
    22       7  
                 
Total net periodic pension cost
  $ 1,764     $ 1,872  
                 


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AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
For the three months ended March 31, 2011, we contributed less than $0.1 million to the pension plans. We expect to contribute approximately $3.5 million during the remainder of 2011.
 
Korean Severance Plan
 
Our Korean subsidiary participates in an accrued severance plan that covers employees and directors with at least one year of service. Eligible employees are entitled to receive a lump-sum payment upon termination of employment, based on their length of service, seniority and average monthly wages at the time of termination. Accrued severance benefits are estimated assuming all eligible employees were to terminate their employment at the balance sheet date. Our contributions to the National Pension Plan of the Republic of Korea are deducted from accrued severance benefit liabilities.
 
The provision recorded for severance benefits for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was $5.7 million and $4.2 million, respectively. The balance recorded in non-current pension and severance obligations for accrued severance at our Korean subsidiary was $88.2 million and $82.5 million at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.
 
14.   Fair Value Measurements
 
The accounting framework for determining fair value includes a hierarchy for ranking the quality and reliability of the information used to measure fair value, which enables the reader of the financial statements to assess the inputs used to develop those measurements. The fair value hierarchy consists of three tiers as follows: Level 1, defined as quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2, defined as inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.
 
Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring basis
 
Our financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis include cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are invested in U.S. money market funds and various U.S. and foreign bank operating and time deposit accounts, which are due on demand or carry a maturity date of less than three months when purchased. No restrictions have been imposed on us regarding withdrawal of balances with respect to our cash and cash equivalents as a result of liquidity or other credit market issues affecting the money market funds we invest in or the counterparty financial institutions holding our deposits. Money market funds and restricted cash are valued using quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets as summarized in the following table:
 
                                 
    Quoted Prices
           
    in Active
  Significant
       
    Markets for
  Other
  Significant
   
    Identical
  Observable
  Unobservable
   
    Assets
  Inputs
  Inputs
   
    (Level 1)   (Level 2)   (Level 3)   Total
    (In thousands)
 
Cash equivalent money market funds
  $  99,342     $   —     $   —     $  99,342  
Restricted cash money market funds
    19,712                   19,712  


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AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
 
We measure certain assets and liabilities, including property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and an equity investment, at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Such measurements are generally obtained from third party appraisal reports. Impairment losses on property, plant and equipment included in cost of sales for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, were $1.0 million and $0.6 million, respectively.
 
Financial Instruments Not Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
 
We measure the fair value of our debt on a quarterly basis for disclosure purposes. The following table presents the financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value but which require fair value disclosure as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
 
                 
    March 31,
    December 31,
 
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Carrying value of debt
  $ 1,243,528     $ 1,364,300  
                 
Fair value of debt
  $ 1,633,320     $ 1,806,231  
                 
 
The estimated fair value of the debt is based primarily on quoted market prices reported on the respective balance sheet dates for our senior and senior subordinated notes. The estimated fair value for the debt of our subsidiaries is based on market based assumptions including current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements adjusted for duration, optionality, and risk profile.
 
15.   Commitments and Contingencies
 
We have a $100.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility that matures in April 2015. The facility has a letter of credit sub-facility of $25.0 million. As of March 31, 2011, we have $0.4 million of standby letters of credit outstanding and have an additional $24.6 million available for letters of credit. Such standby letters of credit are used in the ordinary course of our business and are collateralized by our cash balances.
 
We generally warrant that our services will be performed in a professional and workmanlike manner and in compliance with our customers’ specifications. We accrue costs for known warranty issues. Historically, our warranty costs have been immaterial.
 
Legal Proceedings
 
We are involved in claims and legal proceedings and we may become involved in other legal matters arising in the ordinary course of our business. We evaluate these claims and legal matters on a case-by-case basis to make a determination as to the impact, if any, on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. Except as indicated below, we currently believe that the ultimate outcome of these claims and proceedings, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse impact to us. Our evaluation of the potential impact of these claims and legal proceedings on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows could change in the future. Attorney fees related to legal matters are expensed as incurred.
 
Arbitration Proceedings with Tessera, Inc.
 
On March 2, 2006, Tessera, Inc. filed a request for arbitration with the International Court of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce (the “ICC”), captioned Tessera, Inc. v. Amkor Technology, Inc. The subject matter of the arbitration was a license agreement (“License Agreement”) entered into between Tessera and our predecessor in 1996.


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AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
On October 27, 2008, the arbitration panel in that proceeding issued an interim order in this matter. While the panel found that most of the packages accused by Tessera were not subject to the patent royalty provisions of the License Agreement, the panel did find that past royalties were due to Tessera as damages for some infringing packages. The panel also denied Tessera’s request to terminate the License Agreement.
 
On January 9, 2009, the panel issued the final damage award in this matter awarding Tessera $60.6 million in damages for past royalties due under the License Agreement. The award was for the period March 2, 2002 through December 1, 2008. The final award, plus interest, and the royalties through December 2008 amounting to $64.7 million, was expensed in 2008 and paid when due in February 2009.
 
We have been calculating, accruing and paying royalties under the License Agreement for periods subsequent to December 1, 2008, using the same methodology specified in the panel’s interim order for calculating damages for past royalties. Tessera has made repeated statements to customers and others claiming that we are in breach of the royalty provisions of the License Agreement. We informed Tessera that we are in full compliance with the License Agreement and of our intent to continue making the royalty payments when due in accordance with the terms of the License Agreement.
 
On August 7, 2009, we filed a request for arbitration in the ICC against Tessera, captioned Amkor Technology, Inc. v. Tessera, Inc. We have instituted this action in order to obtain declaratory relief confirming that we are a licensee in good standing under our 1996 License Agreement with Tessera and that the License Agreement remains in effect. We are also seeking damages and injunctive relief regarding Tessera’s tortious interference with our contractual relations and prospective economic advantage, including Tessera’s false and misleading statements questioning our status as a licensee under the License Agreement.
 
On November 2, 2009, Tessera filed an answer to our request for arbitration and counterclaims in the ICC. In the answer and counterclaims, Tessera denies Amkor’s claims. Tessera also alleges breach of contract, seeking termination of the License Agreement and asserting that Amkor owes Tessera additional royalties under the License Agreement, including royalties for use of thirteen U.S. and six foreign patents that Tessera did not assert in the previous arbitration. Tessera also alleges that Amkor has tortiously interfered with Tessera’s prospective business relationships and seeks damages. Tessera claims that the amount in dispute is approximately $100 million. On February 17, 2011, Tessera sent Amkor a notice of termination of the License Agreement.
 
We filed our response to Tessera’s answer on January 15, 2010, denying Tessera’s claims and filed a motion with the panel seeking priority consideration and phased early determination of issues from the previous arbitration decision, including the proper method for calculating royalties under the License Agreement for periods subsequent to December 1, 2008. On March 28, 2010, the panel granted our request for priority consideration and phased early determination. The first hearing regarding the issues from the previous arbitration of royalty calculations, including the proper method for calculating royalties under the License Agreement, was held in December 2010 and a decision is expected in the first half of 2011. The hearing on Tessera’s assertion of infringement on additional patents and the payment of additional royalties under the License Agreement relating to the additional asserted patents is currently scheduled for August 2011.
 
While we believe we are a licensee in good standing and are paying all royalties to Tessera due under the License Agreement, the outcome of this matter is uncertain and an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.
 
In connection with the new arbitration proceeding, we have deposited $17.0 million in an escrow account, which is classified as restricted cash in current assets at March 31, 2011. This amount represents our good faith estimate of the disputed amount of royalties that we expected Tessera to allege that we owe on packages assembled by us for one of our customers for the period from December 2, 2008 through December 31, 2010. We do not believe that the funds held in escrow are owed to Tessera and these funds may only be distributed upon the order of the panel in the current arbitration proceeding.


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AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
Amkor Technology, Inc. v. Carsem (M) Sdn Bhd, Carsem Semiconductor Sdn Bhd, and Carsem Inc.
 
On November 17, 2003, we filed a complaint against Carsem (M) Sdn Bhd, Carsem Semiconductor Sdn Bhd, and Carsem Inc. (collectively “Carsem”) with the International Trade Commission (“ITC”) in Washington, D.C., alleging infringement of our United States Patent Nos. 6,433,277; 6,455,356 and 6,630,728 (collectively the “Amkor Patents”) and seeking, under Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, an exclusion order barring the importation by Carsem of infringing products. We allege that by making, using, selling, offering for sale, or importing into the U.S. the Carsem Dual and Quad Flat No-Lead Packages, Carsem has infringed on one or more of our MicroLeadFrame packaging technology claims in the Amkor Patents.
 
On November 18, 2003, we also filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, alleging infringement of the Amkor Patents and seeking an injunction enjoining Carsem from further infringing the Amkor Patents, compensatory damages, and treble damages due to willful infringement plus interest, costs and attorney’s fees. This District Court action has been stayed pending resolution of the ITC case.
 
The ITC Administrative Law Judge (“ALJ”) conducted an evidentiary hearing during July and August of 2004 in Washington D.C. and, on November 18, 2004, issued an Initial Determination that Carsem infringed some of our patent claims relating to our MicroLeadFrame package technology, that some of our 21 asserted patent claims are valid, that we have a domestic industry in our patents, and that all of our asserted patent claims are enforceable. However, the ALJ did not find a statutory violation of Section 337 of the Tariff Act.
 
We filed a petition in November 2004 to have the ALJ’s ruling reviewed by the full International Trade Commission. On March 31, 2005, the ITC ordered a new claims construction related to various disputed claim terms and remanded the case to the ALJ for further proceedings. On November 9, 2005, the ALJ issued an Initial Determination on remand finding that Carsem infringed some of our patent claims and that Carsem had violated Section 337 of the Tariff Act.
 
On remand, the ITC had also authorized the ALJ to reopen the record on certain discovery issues related to a subpoena of documents from a third party. An order by the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia enforcing the subpoena became final on January 9, 2009, and the third party produced documents pursuant to the subpoena.
 
On July 1, 2009, the Commission remanded the investigation for a second time to the ALJ to reopen the record to admit into evidence documents and related discovery obtained from the enforcement of the above-referenced third-party subpoena.
 
Following a two-day hearing, on October 30, 2009, the ALJ issued an Initial Determination reaffirming his prior ruling that the Carsem Dual and Quad Flat No-Lead Packages infringe some of Amkor’s patent claims relating to MicroLeadFrame package technology, that all of Amkor’s asserted patent claims are valid, and that Carsem violated Section 337 of the Tariff Act.
 
On December 16, 2009, the Commission ordered a review of the ALJ’s Initial Determination. On February 18, 2010, the Commission reversed a finding by the ALJ on the issue of whether a certain invention constitutes prior art to Amkor’s asserted patents. The Commission remanded the investigation to the ALJ to make further findings in light of the Commission’s ruling. On March 22, 2010, the ALJ issued a Supplemental Initial Determination. Although the ALJ’s ruling did not disturb the prior finding that Carsem Dual and Quad Flat No-Lead Packages infringe some of Amkor’s patent claims relating to MicroLeadFrame technology, the ALJ found that some of Amkor’s patent claims are invalid and, as a result, the ALJ did not find a statutory violation of the Tariff Act. On July 20, 2010, the Commission issued a Notice of Commission Final Determination, in which the Commission determined that there is no violation of Section 337 of the Tariff Act and terminated the investigation. We have appealed the Commission’s ruling to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit.


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AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
16.   Business Segments
 
We have two reportable segments, packaging and test. Packaging and test are integral steps in the process of manufacturing semiconductor devices and our customers will engage with us for both packaging and test services, or just packaging or test services.
 
Packaging Services
 
We offer a broad range of package formats and services designed to provide our customers with a full array of packaging solutions. The differentiating characteristics of package formats can include: (1) size, (2) number of electrical connections, (3) thermal and electrical characteristics, (4) number of chips incorporated, (5) types of interconnect technologies employed, and (6) integration of active and passive components.
 
Test Services
 
We provide a complete range of semiconductor testing services including wafer testing or probe, various types of final testing, strip testing and complete end-of-line test services up to and including final shipping. Testing solutions vary depending upon the complexity of the device.
 
The accounting policies for segment reporting are the same as those for our Consolidated Financial Statements as a whole. We evaluate our operating segments based on gross profit and gross property, plant and equipment. We do not specifically identify and allocate total assets by operating segment. Summarized financial information concerning reportable segments is shown in the following table. The “other” column reflects other corporate adjustments to net sales and gross profit and the property, plant and equipment of our sales and corporate offices.
 
                                 
    Packaging   Test   Other   Total
    (In thousands)
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2011
                               
Net sales
  $ 597,807       67,132       11     $ 664,950  
Gross profit
  $ 111,305       15,487       (106 )   $ 126,686  
Three Months Ended March 31, 2010
                               
Net sales
  $ 580,587       65,063       88     $ 645,738  
Gross profit
  $ 122,110       15,221       (375 )   $ 136,956  
Gross Property, Plant and Equipment
                               
March 31, 2011
  $ 3,069,977       809,949       145,265     $ 4,025,191  
December 31, 2010
  $ 3,018,216       800,125       143,221     $ 3,961,562  
 
17.   Exit Activities and Reductions in Force
 
As part of our ongoing efforts to improve our manufacturing operations and manage costs, we regularly evaluate our staffing levels and facility requirements compared to business needs. The following table summarizes our exit activities and reduction in force initiatives associated with these activities. “Charges” represents the initial


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AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
charge related to the exit activity. “Cash Payments” consists of the utilization of “Charges”. “Non-cash Amounts” for the three months ended March 31, 2010, consist of asset impairments.
 
                                 
    Employee
                   
    Separation
    Contractual
    Asset
       
    Costs     Obligations     Impairments     Total  
    (In thousands)  
 
Accrual at December 31, 2010
  $ 670     $     $     $ 670  
Charges
    38                   38  
Cash Payments
    (565 )                 (565 )
                                 
Accrual at March 31, 2011
  $ 143     $     $     $ 143  
                                 
 
                                 
    Employee
                   
    Separation
    Contractual
    Asset
       
    Costs     Obligations     Impairments     Total  
    (In thousands)  
 
Accrual at December 31, 2009
  $ 3,938     $ 2,813     $     $ 6,751  
Charges
    867       41       282       1,190  
Cash Payments
    (397 )     (2,854 )           (3,251 )
Non-cash Amounts
                (282 )     (282 )
                                 
Accrual at March 31, 2010
  $ 4,408     $     $     $ 4,408  
                                 
 
Singapore Manufacturing Operations
 
In June 2009, we communicated to our employees the decision to wind-down and exit our manufacturing operations in Singapore. We have completed our exit as of December 31, 2010. This wind-down affected approximately 600 employees and enabled us to improve our cost structure by consolidating factories. The majority of the machinery and equipment was relocated to and utilized in other factories. We own a facility in Singapore which is being actively marketed for sale. At March 31, 2011, the related net book value of $13.1 million is classified as held for sale and included in other current assets.
 
The liability for one-time involuntary termination benefits for employees that provided service beyond a minimum retention period was recognized over the service period. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, charges for termination benefits were not significant. During the three months ended March 31, 2010, we recorded charges for termination benefits of $0.9 million, of which $0.6 million, and $0.3 million were recorded in cost of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively.
 
Contractual obligation costs, asset impairments and other costs are included in costs of goods sold. In January 2010, we made a final payment related to the early termination of our lease of one of our facilities that was vacated and relief from our existing $1.1 million asset retirement obligation related to the leased property. Asset impairments of $0.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010, relate to non-transferable machinery and equipment.
 
All amounts accrued at March 31, 2011, are classified in current liabilities.


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Item 2.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, including but not limited to statements regarding: (1) the amounts, timing and focus of our expected capital investments, (2) our ability to fund our operating activities for the next twelve months, (3) the effect of capacity utilization rates on our gross margin, (4) the expiration of tax holidays in jurisdictions in which we operate and expectations regarding our effective tax rate, (5) the release of valuation allowances related to taxes in the future, (6) the expected use of future cash flows, if any, for the expansion of our business, capital expenditures and the repayment of debt, (7) our repurchase or repayment of outstanding debt or the conversion of convertible debt in the future, (8) payment of dividends, (9) compliance with our covenants, (10) expected contributions to defined benefit pension plans, (11) liability for unrecognized tax benefits, (12) the effect of foreign currency exchange rate exposure on our financial results, (13) the volatility of the trading price of our common stock, (14) changes to our internal controls, (15) expectations regarding supply chain disruptions due to the Japan earthquake and (16) other statements that are not historical facts. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “intend” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Because such statements include risks and uncertainties, actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set forth in the following discussion as well as in Part II, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report. The following discussion provides information and analysis of our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and our liquidity and capital resources. You should read the following discussion in conjunction with Item 1, “Financial Statements” in this Quarterly Report as well as other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
 
Overview
 
Amkor is one of the world’s leading providers of outsourced semiconductor packaging and test services. Packaging and test are integral steps in the process of manufacturing semiconductor devices. The semiconductor manufacturing process begins with the fabrication of tiny transistor elements into complex patterns of electronic circuitry on silicon wafers, thereby creating large numbers of individual semiconductor devices or integrated circuits on each wafer (generally referred to as “chips” or “die”). Each device on the wafer is tested and the wafer is cut into pieces called chips. The chips are attached through wire bonding to a substrate or leadframe, or to a substrate in the case of flip chip interconnect, and then encased in a protective material. For a wafer-level package, the electrical interconnections are created directly on the surface of the wafer without a substrate or leadframe. The packages are then tested using sophisticated equipment to ensure that each packaged chip meets its design and performance specifications.
 
Our packages are designed based on application and chip specific requirements including the type of interconnection technology employed, size, thickness, and electrical, mechanical and thermal performance. We are able to provide turnkey packaging and test solutions including semiconductor wafer bump, wafer probe, wafer backgrind, package design, assembly, test and drop shipment services.
 
Our customers include, among others: Altera Corporation; Broadcom Corporation; Infineon Technologies, AG; International Business Machines Corporation (“IBM”); LSI Corporation; Qualcomm Incorporated; Sony Corporation; ST Microelectronics, Pte.; Texas Instruments, Inc. and Toshiba Corporation. The outsourced semiconductor packaging and test market is very competitive. We also compete with the internal semiconductor packaging and test capabilities of many of our customers.
 
On March 11, 2011, operations at our facility in Kitakami, Japan, were interrupted by the Tohoku earthquake near Sendai. Our Kitakami facility is located approximately 90 miles from Sendai and 130 miles north of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. The facility suffered some minor damage to buildings and equipment during the earthquake, but is well inland and was not affected by the tsunami. However, there was a complete shutdown of power and other utilities. Repairs and clean-up began shortly after the earthquake, and the facility is


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now fully operational. Our facility in Kitakami is our smallest operation in both units and revenue, generating approximately $10 million of monthly sales prior to the earthquake. The facility provides services to a few Japan-based customers.
 
Japan is a major supplier of semiconductors, silicon wafers, specialty chemicals, substrates, equipment and other supplies to the electronics industry. Since the earthquake, we have been working closely with our customers and suppliers to analyze the situation, identify the potential exposure, and mitigate the risk, where possible. Despite these efforts, we currently expect that supply chain disruptions, particularly relating to the availability of substrates and wafers, may negatively impact our second quarter results.
 
Our net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2011, were $665.0 million compared to $645.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010. The growth was driven primarily by demand for products in our communications end market, with notable strength in flip chip packages. Our unit demand decreased to 2.1 billion units during the three months ended March 31, 2011, compared to 2.5 billion units during the three months ended March 31, 2010. The decrease in units is primarily attributable to a shift in our product mix, with sales growth attributed to chip scale packaging solutions with a higher average sales price per unit, while our other package types declined. In addition, net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2011, were reduced by approximately $6 million due to the impact of the Japan earthquake.
 
Gross margin of 19.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2011, was down from 21.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2010. Gross margin in the three months ended March 31, 2011, decreased from the prior year period due to several factors, including decreased utilization of our packaging assets, the increased cost of gold used in many of our wirebond packages and the negative impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements. Also affecting gross margin in the three months ended March 31, 2011, were increased labor and other manufacturing costs.
 
Our net income for the three months ended March 31, 2011, was $25.1 million, or $0.10 per diluted share, compared with net income of $44.3 million, or $0.18 per diluted share, for the three months ended March 31, 2010. The decrease is primarily attributable to the decrease in gross profit and increases in selling, general and administrative expenses and income tax expense during the three months ended March 31, 2011. Partially offsetting these increased expenses was a decline in interest expense.
 
Our capital additions totaled $105.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, compared to $72.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010. Our spending was focused primarily on new capacity for flip chip assembly and test services in support of communications. We expect our capital additions for the full year 2011 will be approximately $450 million.
 
Cash provided by operating activities was $120.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, as compared with cash provided by operating activities of $103.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010. We experienced positive free cash flow of $6.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, which decreased $30.3 million from the prior year comparable period. The decrease in free cash flow was primarily due to increased purchases of property, plant and equipment which were partially offset by increased collections on accounts receivable. We define free cash flow as net cash provided by operating activities less investing activities related to the acquisition of property, plant and equipment. Free cash flow is not defined by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and a reconciliation of free cash flow to net cash provided by operating activities is set forth under the caption “Cash Flows” below. Please see “Liquidity and Capital Resources” and “Cash Flows” below for a further analysis of the change in our balance sheet and cash flows during the first three months of 2011.
 
We believe our financial position and liquidity are sufficient to fund our operating activities for at least the next twelve months. At March 31, 2011, our cash and cash equivalents totaled approximately $393.0 million with an aggregate of $99.1 million of debt due through the end of 2011.


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Results of Operations
 
The following table sets forth certain operating data as a percentage of net sales for the periods indicated:
 
                 
    For the Three Months Ended
    March 31,
    2011   2010
 
Net sales
    100.0 %     100.0 %
Gross margin
    19.1 %     21.2 %
Depreciation and amortization
    12.5 %     11.7 %
Operating income (loss)
    7.5 %     10.7 %
Income (loss) before income taxes
    4.4 %     6.8 %
Net income attributable to Amkor
    3.8 %     6.9 %
 
Net Sales
 
                                 
    For the Three Months Ended March 31,
    2011   2010   Change
    (In thousands, except percentages)
 
Net sales
  $ 664,950     $ 645,738     $ 19,212       3.0 %
Packaging net sales
    597,807       580,587       17,220       3.0 %
Test net sales
    67,132       65,063       2,069       3.2 %
 
Net Sales.  Net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2011, increased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010. Communications continued to drive our sales growth in the current period, supported by notable strength in flip chip packages. The strength in this area was partially offset by a decrease in sales for consumer electronics and networking. In addition, net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2011, were reduced by approximately $6 million due to the impact of the Japan earthquake on our facility in Kitakami, Japan.
 
Packaging Net Sales.  Packaging net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2011, increased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010. Packaging unit volume decreased 0.4 billion units in the three months ended March 31, 2011 to 2.1 billion units, compared to 2.5 billion units in the three months ended March 31, 2010. Sales in absolute dollars increased despite a decrease in units. This is primarily attributable to growth in chip scale packaging solutions with higher average sales prices per unit, while our other package types declined.
 
Test Net Sales.  Test net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2011, increased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010. The increase is primarily attributable to a shift in the mix of test services provided. Wafer probe, which has a higher average sales price per unit, increased in the current period. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in striptest, with lower average sales prices per unit.
 
Cost of Sales
 
                                 
    For the Three Months Ended March 31,
    2011   2010   Change
    (In thousands, except percentages)
 
Cost of sales
  $ 538,264     $ 508,782     $ 29,482       5.8 %
 
Our cost of sales consists principally of materials, labor, depreciation and manufacturing overhead. Since a substantial portion of the costs at our factories is fixed, relatively modest increases or decreases in capacity utilization rates can have a significant effect on our gross margin.
 
Material costs as a percentage of net sales increased to 42.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2011, from 41.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2010. Material costs in absolute dollars also increased in the three months ended March 31, 2011. The increase is primarily due to a higher mix of flip chip packages with higher material content as a percentage of net sales and the increased cost of gold used in many of our wirebond packages.


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Labor costs as a percentage of net sales increased to 14.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2011, from 13.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2010. Labor costs in absolute dollars also increased in the three months ended March 31, 2011. Labor costs were negatively impacted by foreign currency exchange rate movements in the three months ended March 31, 2011, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010, as substantially all of our manufacturing operations workforce is paid in local currencies. Also contributing to the increase was higher headcount during the current period, as we increased our headcount in support of increased customer demand.
 
Other manufacturing costs as a percentage of net sales increased to 23.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2011, from 23.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2010. Other manufacturing costs in absolute dollars also increased in the three months ended March 31, 2011. The increase is primarily attributable to increased depreciation as a result of the increase in our property, plant and equipment in the current period due to capital spending during 2010. Other manufacturing costs were also negatively impacted by foreign currency exchange rate movements in the three months ended March 31, 2011, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010.
 
Gross Profit
 
                         
    For the Three Months Ended March 31,
    2011   2010   Change
    (In thousands, except percentages)
 
Gross profit
  $ 126,686     $ 136,956     $ (10,270 )
Gross margin
    19.1 %     21.2 %     (2.1 )%
 
Gross profit and gross margin for the three months ended March 31, 2011, decreased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010. While net sales increased, our cost of sales was negatively impacted by several factors which decreased gross profit and gross margin. Utilization of our packaging assets in the three months ended March 31, 2011, was lower than the three months ended March 31, 2010; however, we controlled costs across the company to minimize the impact of decreased utilization on our gross margin. Material costs were impacted by the increased cost of gold used in many of our wirebond packages. Headcount was higher in the current period compared to the prior period, resulting in increased labor costs. Other manufacturing costs were impacted by increased depreciation expense resulting from increased property, plant and equipment. In addition, gross profit and gross margin were negatively impacted by foreign currency exchange rate movements in the three months ended March 31, 2011.
 
                         
    For the Three Months Ended March 31,
    2011   2010   Change
    (In thousands, except percentages)
 
Packaging gross profit
  $ 111,305     $ 122,110     $ (10,805 )
Packaging gross margin
    18.6 %     21.0 %     (2.4 )%
 
Packaging Gross Profit.  Gross profit and gross margin for packaging for the three months ended March 31, 2011, decreased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010. The decrease in gross profit was primarily attributable to lower utilization, the increased cost of gold used in many of our wirebond packages, the mix of packaging services provided, and increased labor costs related to higher headcount in the current period. To minimize the impact of decreased utilization on our gross margin, we controlled costs across the company.
 
                                 
    For the Three Months Ended March 31,
    2011   2010   Change    
    (In thousands, except percentages)
 
Test gross profit
  $ 15,487     $ 15,221     $ 266          
Test gross margin
    23.1 %     23.4 %     (0.3 )%        
 
Test Gross Profit.  Gross profit and gross margin for test for the three months ended March 31, 2011, remained consistent with the three months ended March 31, 2010. The test services with a higher than average sales price per unit that contributed to the increase in test net sales also have a higher cost per unit, which offset the increase in sales.


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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
 
                                 
    For the Three Months Ended March 31,
    2011   2010   Change
    (In thousands, except percentages)
 
Selling, general and administrative
  $ 64,558     $ 56,296     $ 8,262       14.7 %
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2011, increased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010. The increase was primarily driven by increased employee compensation and benefit costs, including share-based compensation, as well as an increase in depreciation expense associated with the implementation of our global enterprise resource planning information system and increased professional fees.
 
Research and Development
 
                                 
    For the Three Months Ended March 31,
    2011   2010   Change
    (In thousands, except percentages)
 
Research and development
  $ 12,129     $ 11,673     $ 456       3.9 %
 
Research and development activities are currently focused on developing new package interconnect solutions and test services and improving the efficiency and capabilities of our existing production processes. Our key areas for research and development initiatives are focused on 3D packaging, advanced flip chip packaging, advanced micro-electromechanical system packaging and testing, fine pitch copper pillar bumping and packaging, laminate and leadframe packaging, Through Mold Via and Through Silicon Via technologies, wafer level fan out technology, wafer level processing, and manufacturing cost reduction initiatives. Research and development expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2011, remained consistent with the three months ended March 31, 2010, both in dollars and as a percentage of net sales of 1.8%.
 
Other Expense, Net
 
                                 
    For the Three Months Ended March 31,
    2011   2010   Change
    (In thousands, except percentages)
 
Other expense, net
  $ 20,851     $ 25,081     $ (4,230 )     (16.9 )%
 
Other expense, net for the three months ended March 31, 2011, decreased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010. This decrease was driven by a $4.8 million reduction in interest expense, including related party interest expense, during the current period resulting from reduced debt levels in 2011, debt refinanced with lower interest rate instruments during the second quarter of 2010, and the conversion in January 2011 of our 6.25% Convertible Notes due 2013. Partially offsetting the decrease is a $0.8 million increase in foreign currency loss in the current period from the remeasurement of certain subsidiaries’ balance sheet items.
 
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
 
                                 
    For the Three Months Ended March 31,
    2011   2010   Change
    (In thousands, except percentages)
 
Income tax expense (benefit)
  $ 3,382     $ (167 )   $ 3,549       2125.1 %
 
Generally, our effective tax rate is substantially below the U.S. federal tax rate of 35% because we have experienced taxable losses in the U.S. and our income is taxed in foreign jurisdictions where we benefit from tax holidays or tax rates lower than the U.S. statutory rate. Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011, is attributable to income tax on profits earned in certain foreign jurisdictions, foreign withholding taxes, and deferred taxes on our investment in J-Devices. The tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2010, is attributable to $1.1 million of tax expense in certain foreign jurisdictions, foreign withholding taxes, and minimum taxes offset by reductions in unrecognized tax benefits.


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During 2011, our subsidiaries in China, Korea, the Philippines and Taiwan operated under tax holidays which will expire in whole or in part at various dates through 2015. We expect our effective tax rate to increase as the tax holidays expire so that the income earned in these jurisdictions will be subject to higher statutory income tax rates.
 
At March 31, 2011, we had U.S. net operating loss carryforwards totaling $388.6 million which expire at various times through 2030. Additionally, at March 31, 2011, we had $67.6 million of non-U.S. net operating loss carryforwards, which expire at various times through 2018. We maintain a valuation allowance on all of our U.S. net deferred tax assets, including our net operating loss carryforwards, and on deferred tax assets in certain foreign jurisdictions. We will release such valuation allowances as the related tax benefits are realized on our tax returns or when sufficient positive evidence exists to conclude that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
We assess our liquidity based on our current expectations regarding sales, operating expenses, capital spending and debt service requirements. Based on this assessment, we believe that our cash flow from operating activities together with existing cash and cash equivalents and availability under our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to fund our working capital, capital expenditure and debt service requirements for at least the next twelve months. Thereafter, our liquidity will continue to be affected by, among other things, volatility in the global economy and credit markets, the performance of our business, our capital expenditure levels and our ability to either repay debt out of operating cash flow or refinance debt at or prior to maturity with the proceeds of debt or equity offerings. There is no assurance that we will generate the necessary net income or operating cash flows to meet the funding needs of our business beyond the next twelve months due to a variety of factors, including the cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry and the other factors discussed in Part II, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report.
 
Our primary source of cash and the source of funds for our operations are cash flows from our operations, current cash and cash equivalents, borrowings under available debt facilities, or proceeds from any additional debt or equity financings. As of March 31, 2011, we had cash and cash equivalents of $393.0 million and availability of $99.6 million under our $100.0 million first lien senior secured revolving credit facility. We expect cash flows to be used in the operation and expansion of our business, making capital expenditures, paying principal and interest on our debt and for other corporate purposes.
 
We sponsor an accrued severance plan for our Korean subsidiary which under existing tax laws in Korea, limits our ability to currently deduct related severance expenses accrued under that plan. The purpose of these limitations is to encourage companies to migrate to a defined contribution or defined benefit plan; however, if we retain our existing severance plan, we will be required to pay increased taxes. If we decide to adopt a new plan, we would be required to significantly fund the existing liability. Our Korean severance liability was $94.7 million as of March 31, 2011.
 
We operate in a capital intensive industry. Servicing our current and future customers requires that we incur significant operating expenses and make significant capital expenditures, which are generally made in advance of the related revenues and without any firm customer commitments.
 
We have debt of $1,243.5 million outstanding at March 31, 2011, of which $132.6 million is current. This includes $250.0 million of our 6.0% Convertible Notes due 2014, which we expect will be converted into equity rather than being paid at maturity. At March 31, 2011, we have an aggregate of $99.1 million of debt coming due through the end of 2011, and $97.2 million of debt due in 2012.
 
In January 2011, all $100.0 million of our 6.25% Convertible Notes due 2013 were converted into an aggregate of 13,351,131 shares of our common stock.
 
In March 2011, we amended the principal repayment schedule of our term loan in Taiwan. As a result, semiannual principal payments of 150 million Taiwan dollars (approximately $5.1 million) will begin in April 2012 and the remaining 600 million Taiwan dollars (approximately $20.4 million) will be due on the final maturity date.
 
The interest payments required on our debt are substantial. For example, we paid $96.6 million of interest in 2010. We refer you to “Contractual Obligations” below for a summary of principal and interest payments.


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In order to reduce leverage and future cash interest payments, we may from time to time repurchase our outstanding notes for cash or exchange shares of our common stock for our outstanding notes. Any such transaction may be made in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions and are subject to the terms of our indentures and other debt agreements, market conditions, and other factors. Our 9.25% Senior Notes due 2016 will become callable in June 2011.
 
Certain debt agreements have restrictions on dividend payments and the repurchase of stock and subordinated securities, including our convertible notes. These restrictions are determined by defined calculations which include net income. We have never paid a dividend to our stockholders, and we do not have any current plans to do so.
 
We were in compliance with all debt covenants at March 31, 2011, and expect to remain in compliance with these covenants for at least the next twelve months.
 
Capital Additions
 
Our capital additions for the three months ended March 31, 2011, were $105.0 million. Our spending was focused primarily on new capacity for flip chip assembly and test services in support of communications. We expect that our capital additions for the full year 2011 will be approximately $450 million. Ultimately, the amount of our 2011 capital additions will depend on several factors including, among others, the performance of our business, the need for additional capacity to service anticipated customer demand and the availability of cash flow from operations or financing. The following table reconciles our activity related to property, plant and equipment additions as presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets to property, plant and equipment purchases reflected on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
 
                 
    For the Three
 
    Months Ended March 31,  
    2011     2010  
 
Property, plant and equipment additions
  $ 104,993     $ 72,737  
Net change in related accounts payable and deposits
    8,888       (5,645 )
                 
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
  $ 113,881     $ 67,092  
                 
 
Cash Flows
 
Cash provided by operating activities was $120.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, compared to cash provided by operating activities of $103.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010. We experienced positive free cash flow of $6.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, which decreased $30.3 million from the prior year comparable period primarily due to increased purchases of property, plant and equipment which were partially offset by increased collections on accounts receivable.
 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating, investing and financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, were as follows:
 
                 
    For the Three
    Months Ended
    March 31,
    2011   2010
    (In thousands)
 
Operating activities
  $ 120,227     $ 103,729  
Investing activities
    (111,640 )     (68,000 )
Financing activities
    (20,482 )     (5,596 )
 
Operating activities:  Our cash flow from operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2011, increased by $16.5 million compared to the prior year comparable period. Operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2011, adjusted for depreciation and amortization, other operating activities and non-cash items, decreased $5.0 million. The decrease is primarily attributable to decreased gross profit and the related decrease in net income. This decrease was offset by interest expense savings of $4.8 million in the three months ended


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March 31, 2011, as a result of reduced debt levels in 2011, debt refinanced with lower interest rate instruments during the second quarter of 2010, and the conversion in January 2011 of the December 2013 Notes.
 
Changes in assets and liabilities increased operating cash flow for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010. Inventory and accounts receivable have decreased more in the three months ended March 31, 2011, compared to the comparable period in 2010, reflecting usage of existing inventories and improved collection of receivables. The decrease in inventory and accounts receivable were partially offset by decreases in accounts payable and accrued expenses during the same period.
 
Investing activities:  Our cash flows used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2011, increased by $43.6 million. This increase was primarily due to a $46.8 million increase in purchases of property, plant and equipment. Our capital additions were focused primarily on new capacity for flip chip assembly and test services in support of communications.
 
Financing activities:  Our cash flows used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2011, increased by $14.9 million. The net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2011, was primarily driven by $20.4 million of repayments on our term loans at our Korean subsidiary and other foreign amortizing debt. The net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2010, was primarily driven by the $10.7 million repayment on our term loan at our Korean subsidiary. Partially offsetting this repayment was the $34.3 million repayment of two existing revolving lines of credit at one of our Japanese subsidiaries using the proceeds from two new terms loans at that subsidiary totaling 3.5 billion Japanese yen (approximately $38.8 million).
 
We provide the following supplemental data to assist our investors and analysts in understanding our liquidity and capital resources. We define free cash flow as net cash provided by operating activities less investing activities related to the acquisition of property, plant and equipment. Free cash flow is not defined by U.S. GAAP and our definition of free cash flow may not be comparable to similar companies and should not be considered a substitute for cash flow measures in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We believe free cash flow provides our investors and analysts useful information to analyze our liquidity and capital resources.
 
                 
    For the Three
 
    Months Ended
 
    March 31,  
    2011     2010  
    (In thousands)  
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
  $ 120,227     $ 103,729  
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
    (113,881 )     (67,092 )
                 
Free cash flow
  $ 6,346     $ 36,637  
                 
 
Contractual Obligations
 
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations at March 31, 2011, and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods:
 
                                                         
        Payments due for year Ending December 31,
        2011 -
                   
    Total   Remaining   2012   2013   2014   2015   Thereafter
    (In thousands)
 
Total debt(1)
  $ 1,243,528     $ 99,107     $ 97,170     $ 136,066     $ 281,633     $ 20,269     $ 609,283  
Scheduled interest payment obligations(2)
    401,910       74,521       74,067       69,155       58,320       50,014       75,833  
Purchase obligations(3)
    105,780       105,780                                
Operating lease obligations
    38,033       6,273       7,326       7,059       6,951       5,614       4,810  
Severance obligations(4)
    94,706       4,917       6,213       5,781       5,378       5,021       67,396  
                                                         
Total contractual obligations
  $ 1,883,957     $ 290,598     $ 184,776     $ 218,061     $ 352,282     $ 80,918     $ 757,322  
                                                         


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(1) The decrease in our total debt from December 31, 2010, is primarily due to the conversion of the entire $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of the December 2013 Notes into our common stock in January 2011, as well as the repayment of $19.8 million of annual amortizing debt.
 
(2) Scheduled interest payment obligations were calculated using stated coupon rates for fixed rate debt and interest rates applicable at March 31, 2011, for variable rate debt.
 
(3) Represents capital-related purchase obligations outstanding at March 31, 2011, for capital additions.
 
(4) Represents estimated benefit payments for our Korean subsidiary severance plan.
 
In addition to the obligations identified in the table above, other non-current liabilities recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31, 2011, include:
 
  •  $21.5 million of foreign pension plan obligations for which the timing and actual amount of funding required is uncertain. We expect to contribute approximately $3.5 million to the defined benefit pension plans during the remainder of 2011.
 
  •  $6.4 million net liability associated with unrecognized tax benefits. Due to the uncertainty regarding the amount and the timing of any future cash outflows associated with our unrecognized tax benefits, we are unable to reasonably estimate the amount and period of ultimate settlement, if any, with the various taxing authorities.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
As of March 31, 2011, we had no off-balance sheet guarantees or other off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K, other than our operating lease obligations described above in “Contractual Obligations”.
 
Contingencies, Indemnifications and Guarantees
 
We refer you to Note 15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for a discussion of our contingencies related to litigation and other legal matters. If an unfavorable ruling were to occur in these matters, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial position and cash flows in the period in which the ruling occurs. The potential impact from legal proceedings on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial position and cash flows could change in the future.
 
Critical Accounting Policies
 
Our critical accounting policies are disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, there have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies as reported in our 2010 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
New Accounting Pronouncements
 
For information regarding recent accounting pronouncements, see Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.
 
Item 3.   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
 
Market Risk Sensitivity
 
We are exposed to market risks, primarily related to foreign currency and interest rate fluctuations. In the normal course of business, we employ established policies and procedures to manage the exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency values and changes in interest rates. Our use of derivative instruments, including forward exchange contracts, has been historically insignificant; however, we continue to evaluate the use of hedge instruments to manage currency and other risk. We did not enter into any derivative transactions in the three months ended March 31, 2011, and have no outstanding contracts as of March 31, 2011.


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Foreign Currency Risks
 
We currently do not have forward contracts or other instruments to reduce our exposure to foreign currency gains and losses, although we do use natural hedging techniques to reduce foreign currency rate risk.
 
The U.S. dollar is our reporting currency and the functional currency for the majority of our foreign subsidiaries including our largest subsidiaries in Korea and the Philippines and also our subsidiaries in Taiwan, China and Singapore. For our subsidiaries and affiliate in Japan, the local currency is the functional currency.
 
We have foreign currency exchange rate risk associated with the remeasurement of monetary assets and monetary liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency. We performed a sensitivity analysis of our foreign currency exposure as of March 31, 2011, to assess the potential impact of fluctuations in exchange rates for all foreign denominated assets and liabilities. Assuming a 10% adverse movement for all currencies against the U.S. dollar as of March 31, 2011, our income before income taxes would have been approximately $22 million lower.
 
In addition, we have foreign currency exchange rate exposure on our results of operations. For the three months ended March 31, 2011, approximately 91% of our net sales were denominated in U.S. dollars. Our remaining net sales were principally denominated in Japanese yen and Korean won for local country sales. For the three months ended March 31, 2011, approximately 60% of our cost of sales and operating expenses were denominated in U.S. dollars and were largely for raw materials and factory supplies. The remaining portion of our cost of sales and operating expenses was principally denominated in the Asian currency where our production facilities are located and was largely for labor and utilities. To the extent that the U.S. dollar weakens against these Asian-based currencies, similar foreign currency denominated transactions in the future will result in higher sales and higher operating expenses, with increased operating expenses having the greater impact on our financial results. Similarly, our sales and operating expenses will decrease if the U.S. dollar strengthens against these foreign currencies. We performed a sensitivity analysis of our foreign currency exposure as of March 31, 2011, to assess the potential impact of fluctuations in exchange rates for all foreign denominated sales and expenses. Assuming a 10% adverse movement from the three months ended March 31, 2011, exchange rates of the U.S. dollar compared to all of these Asian-based currencies as of March 31, 2011, our operating income would have been approximately $19.2 million lower.
 
There are inherent limitations in the sensitivity analysis presented, primarily due to the assumption that foreign exchange rate movements across multiple jurisdictions are similar and would be linear and instantaneous. As a result, the analysis is unable to reflect the potential effects of more complex market or other changes that could arise which may positively or negatively affect our results of operations.
 
We have foreign currency exchange rate exposure on our stockholders’ equity as a result of the translation of our subsidiaries and an affiliate where the local currency is the functional currency. To the extent the U.S. dollar strengthens against the local currency, the translation of these foreign currency denominated transactions will result in reduced sales, operating expenses, assets and liabilities. Similarly, our sales, operating expenses, assets and liabilities will increase if the U.S. dollar weakens against the local currencies. The effect of foreign exchange rate translation on our Consolidated Balance Sheet for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, was a net foreign translation loss of $0.6 million and $0.7 million, respectively, and was recognized as an adjustment to equity through other comprehensive loss.
 
Interest Rate Risks
 
We have interest rate risk with respect to our long-term debt. As of March 31, 2011, we had a total of $1,243.5 million of debt of which 72.5% was fixed rate debt and 27.5% was variable rate debt. Our variable rate debt principally relates to our foreign borrowings and any amounts outstanding under our $100.0 million revolving line of credit, of which no amounts were drawn as of March 31, 2011. The fixed rate debt consists of senior notes and senior subordinated notes. As of December 31, 2010, we had a total of $1,364.3 million of debt of which 73.4% was fixed rate debt and 26.6% was variable rate debt. Changes in interest rates have different impacts on the fixed and variable rate portions of our debt portfolio. A change in interest rates on the fixed portion of the debt portfolio impacts the fair value of the debt instrument but has no impact on interest expense or cash flows. A change in


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interest rates on the variable portion of the debt portfolio impacts the interest incurred and cash flows but does not generally impact the fair value of the instrument. The fair value of the convertible notes is also impacted by changes in the market price of our common stock.
 
The table below presents the interest rates, maturities and fair value of our fixed and variable rate debt as of March 31, 2011:
 
                                                                 
    2011 -
                           
    Remaining   2012   2013   2014   2015   Thereafter   Total   Fair Value
 
Long term debt:
                                                               
Fixed rate debt (In thousands)
  $ 42,579     $     $     $ 250,000     $     $ 609,283     $ 901,862     $ 1,280,354  
Average interest rate
    2.5 %                 6.0 %           8.2 %     7.3 %        
Variable rate debt (In thousands)
  $ 56,528     $ 97,170     $ 136,066     $ 31,633     $ 20,269     $     $ 341,666     $ 352,966  
Average interest rate
    3.6 %     3.5 %     4.3 %     3.2 %     2.3 %           3.7 %        
 
For information regarding the fair value of our long-term debt, see Note 14 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.
 
Equity Price Risks
 
We have convertible notes that are convertible into our common stock. If investors were to decide to convert their notes to common stock, our future earnings would benefit from a reduction in interest expense and our common stock outstanding would be increased. If we paid a premium to induce such conversion, our earnings could include an additional charge.
 
Further, the trading price of our common stock has been and is likely to continue to be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations. Such fluctuations could impact our decision or ability to utilize the equity markets as a potential source of our funding needs in the future.
 
Item 4.   Controls and Procedures
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our periodic reports to the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, based on the definition of “disclosure controls and procedures” in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply their judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures.
 
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2011, and concluded those disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of that date.
 
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2011, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
As previously reported, we are implementing a new enterprise resource planning system in a multi-year program on a world-wide basis. During 2011, we expect to roll out additional modules at a foreign subsidiary.


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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1.   Legal Proceedings
 
Information about legal proceedings is set forth in Note 15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.
 
Item 1A.   Risk Factors
 
The factors discussed below are cautionary statements that identify important factors and risks that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated by the forward-looking statements contained in this report. For more information regarding the forward-looking statements contained in this report, see the introductory paragraph to Part I, Item 2 of this Quarterly Report. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information included in this report, in considering our business and prospects. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing Amkor. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us also may impair our business operations. The occurrence of any of the following risks could affect our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
 
Dependence on the Highly Cyclical Semiconductor and Electronic Products Industries — We Operate in Volatile Industries and Industry Downturns and Declines in Global Economic and Financial Conditions Could Harm Our Performance.
 
Our business is impacted by market conditions in the semiconductor industry, which is cyclical by nature and impacted by broad economic factors, such as world-wide gross domestic product and consumer spending. The semiconductor industry has experienced significant and sometimes prolonged downturns in the past. For example, the recent financial crisis and global recession resulted in a downturn in the semiconductor industry that adversely affected our business and results of operations in late 2008 and in 2009.
 
Since our business is, and will continue to be, dependent on the requirements of semiconductor companies for subcontracted packaging and test services, any downturn in the semiconductor industry or any other industry that uses a significant number of semiconductor devices, such as consumer electronic products, telecommunication devices, or computing devices, could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results. It is difficult to predict the timing, strength or duration of any economic slowdown or subsequent economic recovery, which, in turn, makes it more challenging for us to forecast our operating results, make business decisions, and identify risks that may affect our business, sources and uses of cash, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, if industry conditions deteriorate, we could suffer significant losses, as we have in the past, which could materially impact our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
 
Fluctuations in Operating Results and Cash Flows — Our Operating Results and Cash Flows Have Varied and May Vary Significantly as a Result of Factors That We Cannot Control.
 
Many factors, including the impact of adverse economic conditions, could have a material adverse effect on our net sales, gross profit, operating results and cash flows, or lead to significant variability of quarterly or annual operating results. Our profitability and ability to generate cash from operations is principally dependent upon demand for semiconductors, the utilization of our capacity, semiconductor package mix, the average selling price of our services, our ability to manage our capital expenditures in response to market conditions and our ability to control our costs including labor, material, overhead and financing costs. The recent downturn in demand for semiconductors in late 2008 and in 2009 resulted in significant declines in our operating results and cash flows as capacity utilization declined.
 
Our net sales, gross profit, operating income and cash flows have historically fluctuated significantly from period to period as a result of many of the following factors, over which we have little or no control and which we expect to continue to impact our business:
 
  •  fluctuation in demand for semiconductors and conditions in the semiconductor industry;
 
  •  changes in our capacity utilization rates;


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  •  changes in average selling prices;
 
  •  changes in the mix of semiconductor packages;
 
  •  evolving package and test technology;
 
  •  absence of backlog and the short-term nature of our customers’ commitments and the impact of these factors on the timing and volume of orders relative to our production capacity;
 
  •  changes in costs, availability and delivery times of raw materials and components;
 
  •  changes in labor costs to perform our services;
 
  •  wage and commodity price inflation, including precious metals;
 
  •  the timing of expenditures in anticipation of future orders;
 
  •  changes in effective tax rates;
 
  •  the availability and cost of financing;
 
  •  intellectual property transactions and disputes;
 
  •  high leverage and restrictive covenants;
 
  •  warranty and product liability claims and the impact of quality excursions and customer disputes and returns;
 
  •  costs associated with litigation judgments, indemnification claims and settlements;
 
  •  international events, political instability, civil disturbances or environmental or natural events, such as earthquakes, that impact our operations;
 
  •  pandemic illnesses that may impact our labor force and our ability to travel;
 
  •  difficulties integrating acquisitions and the failure of our joint ventures to operate in accordance with business plans;
 
  •  our ability to attract and retain qualified employees to support our global operations;
 
  •  loss of key personnel or the shortage of available skilled workers;
 
  •  fluctuations in foreign exchange rates;
 
  •  delay, rescheduling and cancellation of large orders; and
 
  •  fluctuations in our manufacturing yields.
 
It is often difficult to predict the impact of these factors upon our results for a particular period. The downturn in the global economy and the semiconductor industry increased the risks associated with the foregoing factors as customer forecasts became more volatile, and there was less visibility regarding future demand and significantly increased uncertainty regarding the economy, credit markets, and consumer demand. These factors may have a material and adverse effect on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, or lead to significant variability of quarterly or annual operating results. In addition, these factors may adversely affect our credit ratings which could make it more difficult and expensive for us to raise capital and could adversely affect the price of our securities.
 
High Fixed Costs — Due to Our High Percentage of Fixed Costs, We Will Be Unable to Maintain Our Gross Margin at Past Levels if We Are Unable to Achieve Relatively High Capacity Utilization Rates.
 
Our operations are characterized by relatively high fixed costs. Our profitability depends in part not only on pricing levels for our packaging and test services, but also on the utilization of our human resources and packaging and test equipment. In particular, increases or decreases in our capacity utilization can significantly affect gross margins since the unit cost of packaging and test services generally decreases as fixed costs are allocated over a


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larger number of units. In periods of low demand, we experience relatively low capacity utilization in our operations, which leads to reduced margins during that period. For example, we experienced lower than optimum utilization in the three months ended December 31, 2008, and the first half of 2009 due to a decline in world-wide demand for our packaging and test services which impacted our gross margin. Although our capacity utilization at times has been strong, we cannot assure you that we will be able to achieve consistently high capacity utilization, and if we fail to do so, our gross margins may decrease. If our gross margins decrease, our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.
 
In addition, our fixed operating costs have increased in recent years in part as a result of our efforts to expand our capacity through significant capital additions. Forecasted customer demand for which we have made capital investments may not materialize, especially if industry conditions deteriorate. As a result, our sales may not adequately cover our substantial fixed costs resulting in reduced profit levels or causing significant losses, both of which may adversely impact our liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
 
Guidance — Our Failure to Meet Our Guidance or Analyst Projections Could Adversely Impact the Trading Prices of Our Securities.
 
We periodically provide guidance to investors with respect to certain financial information for future periods. Securities analysts also periodically publish their own projections with respect to our future operating results. As discussed above under “Fluctuations in Operating Results and Cash Flows — Our Operating Results and Cash Flows Have Varied and May Vary Significantly as a Result of Factors That We Cannot Control,” our operating results and cash flows vary significantly and are difficult to accurately predict. Volatility in customer forecasts and reduced visibility caused by economic uncertainty and fluctuations in global consumer demand make it particularly difficult to predict future results. To the extent we fail to meet or exceed our own guidance or the analyst projections for any reason, the trading prices of our securities may be adversely impacted. Moreover, even if we do meet or exceed that guidance or those projections, the analysts and investors may not react favorably, and the trading prices of our securities may be adversely impacted.
 
Declining Average Selling Prices — The Semiconductor Industry Places Downward Pressure on the Prices of Our Packaging and Test Services.
 
Prices for packaging and test services have generally declined over time. Historically, we have been able to partially offset the effect of price declines by successfully developing and marketing new packages with higher prices, such as advanced leadframe and laminate packages, by negotiating lower prices with our material vendors, recovering material cost increases from our customers, and by driving engineering and technological changes in our packaging and test processes which resulted in reduced manufacturing costs. We expect general downward pressure on average selling prices for our packaging and test services in the future. If we are unable to offset a decline in average selling prices, by developing and marketing new packages with higher prices, reducing our purchasing costs, recovering more of our material cost increases from our customers and reducing our manufacturing costs, our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.
 
Decisions by Our Integrated Device Manufacturer Customers to Curtail Outsourcing May Adversely Affect Our Business.
 
Historically, we have been dependent on the trend in outsourcing of packaging and test services by integrated device manufacturers, or IDMs. Our IDM customers continually evaluate the outsourced services against their own in-house packaging and test services. As a result, at any time and for a variety of reasons, IDMs may decide to shift some or all of their outsourced packaging and test services to internally sourced capacity.
 
The reasons IDMs may shift their internal capacity include:
 
  •  their desire to realize higher utilization of their existing test and packaging capacity, especially during downturns in the semiconductor industry;
 
  •  their unwillingness to disclose proprietary technology;


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  •  their possession of more advanced packaging and test technologies; and
 
  •  the guaranteed availability of their own packaging and test capacity.
 
Furthermore, to the extent we limit capacity commitments for certain customers, these customers may begin to increase their level of in-house packaging and test capabilities, which could adversely impact our sales and profitability and make it more difficult for us to regain their business when we have available capacity. Any shift or a slowdown in this trend of outsourcing packaging and test services is likely to adversely affect our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
 
In a downturn in the semiconductor industry, IDMs could respond by shifting some outsourced packaging and test services to internally serviced capacity on a short term basis. If we experience a significant loss of IDM business, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows especially during a prolonged industry downturn.
 
Our Substantial Indebtedness Could Adversely Affect Our Financial Condition and Prevent Us from Fulfilling Our Obligations.
 
We have a significant amount of indebtedness. As of March 31, 2011, our total debt balance was $1,243.5 million, of which $132.6 million was classified as a current liability. In addition, despite current debt levels, the terms of the indentures governing our indebtedness allow us or our subsidiaries to incur more debt, subject to certain limitations. If new debt is added to our consolidated debt level, the related risks that we now face could intensify.
 
Our substantial indebtedness could:
 
  •  make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our indebtedness, including our obligations under our indentures to purchase notes tendered as a result of a change in control of Amkor;
 
  •  increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
 
  •  limit our ability to fund future working capital, capital expenditures, research and development and other general corporate requirements;
 
  •  require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to service payments on our debt;
 
  •  increase the volatility of the price of our common stock;
 
  •  limit our flexibility to react to changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;
 
  •  place us at a competitive disadvantage to any of our competitors that have less debt; and
 
  •  limit, along with the financial and other restrictive covenants in our indebtedness, among other things, our ability to borrow additional funds.
 
We May Have Difficulty Funding Liquidity Needs
 
We operate in a capital intensive industry. Servicing our current and future customers requires that we incur significant operating expenses and continue to make significant capital expenditures, which are generally made in advance of the related revenues and without any firm customer commitments. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, we had capital additions of $105.0 million and for the full year 2011, we currently expect to make capital additions of approximately $450 million.
 
In addition, we have a significant level of debt, with $1,243.5 million outstanding at March 31, 2011, $132.6 million of which is current. The terms of such debt require significant scheduled principal payments in the coming years, including $99.1 million due in 2011, $97.2 million due in 2012, $136.0 million due in 2013, $281.6 million due in 2014, $20.3 million due in 2015 and $609.3 million due thereafter. The interest payments required on our debt are also substantial. For example, in 2010, we paid $96.6 million of interest. The sources funding our operations, including making capital expenditures and servicing principal and interest obligations with respect to our debt, are cash flows from our operations, current cash and cash equivalents, borrowings under available debt facilities, or proceeds from any additional debt or equity financing. As of March 31, 2011, we had


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cash and cash equivalents of $393.0 million and availability of $99.6 million under our $100.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility which matures in April 2015.
 
We assess our liquidity based on our current expectations regarding sales, operating expenses, capital spending and debt service requirements. Based on this assessment, we believe that our cash flow from operating activities together with existing cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to fund our working capital, capital expenditure and debt service requirements for at least the next twelve months. Thereafter, our liquidity will continue to be affected by, among other things, the performance of our business, our capital expenditure levels and our ability to repay debt out of our operating cash flow or refinance the debt with the proceeds of debt or equity offerings at or prior to maturity. Moreover, the health of the worldwide banking system and financial markets affects the liquidity in the global economic environment. Volatility in fixed income, credit and equity markets could make it difficult for us to maintain our existing credit facilities or refinance our debt. If our performance or access to the capital markets differs materially from our expectations, our liquidity may be adversely impacted.
 
In addition, if we fail to generate the necessary net income or operating cash flows to meet the funding needs of our business beyond the next twelve months due to a variety of factors, including the cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry and the other factors discussed in this “Risk Factors” section, our liquidity would be adversely affected.
 
Our Ability To Draw On Our Current Loan Facilities May Be Adversely Affected by Conditions in the U.S. and International Capital Markets.
 
If financial institutions that have extended credit commitments to us are adversely affected by the conditions of the U.S. and international capital and credit markets, they may be unable to fund borrowings under their credit commitments to us. For example, we currently have a $100.0 million revolving credit facility with three banks in the U.S. If any of these banks are adversely affected by capital and credit market conditions and are unable to make loans to us when requested, there could be a corresponding adverse impact on our financial condition and our ability to borrow additional funds, if needed, for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, research and development and other corporate purposes.
 
Restrictive Covenants in the Indentures and Agreements Governing Our Current and Future Indebtedness Could Restrict Our Operating Flexibility.
 
The indentures and agreements governing our existing debt, and debt we may incur in the future, contain, or may contain, affirmative and negative covenants that materially limit our ability to take certain actions, including our ability to incur debt, pay dividends and repurchase stock, make certain investments and other payments, enter into certain mergers and consolidations, engage in sale leaseback transactions and encumber and dispose of assets. In addition, our future debt agreements may contain financial covenants and ratios.
 
The breach of any of these covenants by us or the failure by us to meet any of these financial ratios or conditions could result in a default under any or all of such indebtedness. If a default occurs under any such indebtedness, all of the outstanding obligations thereunder could become immediately due and payable, which could result in a default under our other outstanding debt and could lead to an acceleration of obligations related to other outstanding debt. The existence of such a default or event of default could also preclude us from borrowing funds under our revolving credit facilities. Our ability to comply with the provisions of the indentures, credit facilities and other agreements governing our outstanding debt and indebtedness we may incur in the future can be affected by events beyond our control and a default under any debt instrument, if not cured or waived, could have a material adverse effect on us.
 
We Have Significant Severance Plan Obligations Associated With Our Manufacturing Operations in Korea Which Could Reduce Our Cash Flow and Negatively Impact Our Financial Condition.
 
We sponsor an accrued severance plan for our Korean subsidiary, under which we have an accrued liability of $94.7 million as of March 31, 2011. Under the Korean plan, eligible employees are entitled to receive a lump sum payment upon termination of their service based on their length of service, seniority and rate of pay at the time of termination. Since our severance plan obligation is significant, in the event of a significant layoff or other reduction


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in our labor force in Korea, payments under the plan could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition and cash flows. In addition, existing tax laws in Korea limit our ability to currently deduct severance expenses associated with the current plan. These limitations are designed to encourage companies to migrate to a defined contribution or defined benefit plan. If we adopt a new plan retrospectively, we would be required to significantly fund the existing liability, which could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition and cash flows. If we do not adopt a new plan, we will have to pay higher taxes which could adversely affect our liquidity, financial condition and cash flows. See Note 13 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report.
 
If We Fail to Maintain an Effective System of Internal Controls, We May Not be Able to Accurately Report Financial Results or Prevent Fraud.
 
Effective internal controls are necessary to provide reliable financial reports and to assist in the effective prevention of fraud. Any inability to provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud could harm our business. We must annually evaluate our internal procedures to satisfy the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which requires management and our independent registered public accounting firm to assess the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.
 
As previously reported, we are implementing a new enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) system in a multi-year program on a world-wide basis. During 2010, we implemented several significant ERP modules and expect to implement additional ERP modules in the future. The implementation of the ERP system represents a change in our internal control over financial reporting. Although we continue to monitor and assess our internal controls in the new ERP system environment as changes are made and new modules are implemented, and have taken additional steps to modify and enhance the design and effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, there is a risk that deficiencies may occur that could constitute significant deficiencies or in the aggregate a material weakness.
 
If we fail to remedy any deficiencies or maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, we could be subject to regulatory scrutiny, civil or criminal penalties or shareholder litigation. In addition, failure to maintain adequate internal controls could result in financial statements that do not accurately reflect our operating results or financial condition.
 
We Face Product Return and Liability Risks, the Risk of Economic Damage Claims and the Risk of Negative Publicity if Our Packages Fail.
 
Our packages are incorporated into a number of end products, and our business is exposed to product return and liability risks, the risk of economic damage claims and the risk of negative publicity if our packages fail.
 
In addition, we are exposed to the product and economic liability risks and the risk of negative publicity affecting our customers. Our sales may decline if any of our customers are sued on a product liability claim. We also may suffer a decline in sales from the negative publicity associated with such a lawsuit or with adverse public perceptions in general regarding our customers’ products. Further, if our packages are delivered with impurities or defects, we could incur additional development, repair or replacement costs, suffer other economic losses and our credibility and the market’s acceptance of our packages could be harmed.
 
Absence of Backlog — The Lack of Contractually Committed Customer Demand May Adversely Affect Our Sales.
 
Our packaging and test business does not typically operate with any material backlog. Our quarterly net sales from packaging and test services are substantially dependent upon our customers’ demand in that quarter. None of our customers have committed to purchase any significant amount of packaging or test services or to provide us with binding forecasts of demand for packaging and test services for any future period, in any material amount. In addition, our customers often reduce, cancel or delay their purchases of packaging and test services for a variety of reasons including industry-wide, customer-specific and Amkor-related reasons. Since a large portion of our costs is fixed and our expense levels are based in part on our expectations of future revenues, we may not be able to adjust


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costs in a timely manner to compensate for any sales shortfall. If we are unable to do so, it would adversely affect our margins, operating results, financial condition and cash flows.
 
Risks Associated With International Operations — We Depend on Our Factories and Operations in China, Japan, Korea, the Philippines and Taiwan. Many of Our Customers’ and Vendors’ Operations Are Also Located Outside of the U.S.
 
We provide packaging and test services through our factories and other operations located in China, Japan, Korea, the Philippines and Taiwan. Substantially all of our property, plant and equipment is located outside of the United States. Moreover, many of our customers’ and vendors’ operations are located outside the U.S. The following are some of the risks we face in doing business internationally:
 
  •  changes in consumer demand resulting from deteriorating conditions in local economies;
 
  •  regulatory limitations imposed by foreign governments, including limitations or taxes imposed on the payment of dividends and other payments by non-U.S. subsidiaries;
 
  •  fluctuations in currency exchange rates;
 
  •  political, military, civil unrest and terrorist risks, particularly an increase in tensions between South Korea and North Korea;
 
  •  disruptions or delays in shipments caused by customs brokers or government agencies;
 
  •  changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs, customs, duties and other restrictive trade barriers or policies;
 
  •  difficulties in staffing, retention and employee turnover and managing foreign operations, including foreign labor disruptions; and
 
  •  potentially adverse tax consequences resulting from changes in tax laws in the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate.
 
Changes in the U.S. Tax Law Regarding Earnings Of Our Subsidiaries Located Outside the U.S. Could Materially Affect Our Future Results.
 
There have been proposals to change U.S. tax laws that would significantly impact how U.S. corporations are taxed on foreign earnings. We earn a substantial portion of our income in foreign countries. Although we cannot predict whether or in what form this proposed legislation will pass, if enacted it could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
 
Our Management Information Systems May Prove Inadequate — We Face Risks in Connection With Our Current Project to Install a New Enterprise Resource Planning System For Our Business.
 
We depend on our management information systems for many aspects of our business. Some of our key software has been developed by our own programmers, and this software may not be easily integrated with other software and systems. We are making a significant investment to implement a new enterprise resource planning system to replace many of our existing systems. We face risks in connection with our current project to install a new enterprise resource system for our business. These risks include:
 
  •  we may face delays in the design and implementation of the system;
 
  •  the cost of the system may exceed our plans and expectations; and
 
  •  disruptions resulting from the implementation of the system may impact our ability to process transactions and delay shipments to customers, impact our results of operations or financial condition, or harm our control environment.
 
Our business could be materially and adversely affected if our management information systems are disrupted or if we are unable to improve, upgrade, integrate or expand upon our systems, particularly in light of our intention


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to continue to implement a new enterprise resource planning system over a multi-year program on a company-wide basis.
 
We Face Risks Trying to Attract and Retain Qualified Employees to Support Our Operations.
 
Our success depends to a significant extent upon the continued service of our key senior management and technical personnel, any of whom may be difficult to replace. Competition for qualified employees is intense, and our business could be adversely affected by the loss of the services of any of our existing key personnel, including senior management, as a result of competition or for any other reason. We evaluate our management team and engage in long-term succession planning in order to ensure orderly replacement of key personnel. We do not have employment agreements with our key employees, including senior management or other contracts that would prevent our key employees from working for our competitors in the event they cease working for us. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in our efforts to retain key employees or in hiring and properly training sufficient numbers of qualified personnel and in effectively managing our growth. Our inability to attract, retain, motivate and train qualified new personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business.
 
Difficulties Consolidating and Evolving Our Operational Capabilities — We Face Challenges as We Integrate Diverse Operations.
 
We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, change in the scope and complexity of our operations primarily through facility consolidations, strategic acquisitions, joint ventures and other partnering arrangements and may continue to engage in such transactions in the future. For example, each business we have acquired had, at the time of acquisition, multiple systems for managing its own production, sales, inventory and other operations. Migrating these businesses to our systems typically is a slow, expensive process requiring us to divert significant amounts of resources from multiple aspects of our operations. These changes have strained our managerial, financial, plant operations and other resources. Future consolidations and expansions may result in inefficiencies as we integrate operations and manage geographically diverse operations.
 
Dependence on Materials and Equipment Suppliers — Our Business May Suffer If the Cost, Quality or Supply of Materials or Equipment Changes Adversely.
 
We obtain from various vendors the materials and equipment required for the packaging and test services performed by our factories. We source most of our materials, including critical materials such as leadframes, laminate substrates and gold wire, from a limited group of suppliers. Furthermore, we purchase the majority of our materials on a purchase order basis. From time to time, we enter into supply agreements, generally up to one year in duration, to guarantee supply to meet projected demand. Our business may be harmed if we cannot obtain materials and other supplies from our vendors in a timely manner, in sufficient quantities, in acceptable quality or at competitive prices.
 
We purchase new packaging and test equipment to maintain and expand our operations. From time to time, increased demand for new equipment may cause lead times to extend beyond those normally required by equipment vendors. For example, in the past, increased demand for equipment caused some equipment suppliers to only partially satisfy our equipment orders in the normal time frame or to increase prices during market upturns for the semiconductor industry. The unavailability of equipment or failures to deliver equipment could delay or impair our ability to meet customer orders. If we are unable to meet customer orders, we could lose potential and existing customers. Generally, we do not enter into binding, long-term equipment purchase agreements and we acquire our equipment on a purchase order basis, which exposes us to substantial risks. For example, changes in foreign currency exchange rates could result in increased prices for equipment purchased by us, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
 
We are a large buyer of gold and other commodity materials including substrates and copper. The prices of gold and other commodities used in our business fluctuate. Historically, we have been able to partially offset the effect of commodity price increases through price adjustments to some customers and changes in our product designs, such as shorter, thinner, gold wire and migration to copper wire. However, we typically do not have long-term contracts that permit us to impose price adjustments, and market conditions may limit our ability to do so. Significant price


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increases may adversely impact our gross margin in future quarters to the extent we are unable to pass along past or future commodity price increases to our customers.
 
Loss of Customers — The Loss of Certain Customers May Have a Significant Adverse Effect on Our Operations and Financial Results.
 
The loss of a large customer or disruption of our strategic partnerships or other commercial arrangements may result in a decline in our sales and profitability. Although we have approximately 225 customers, we have derived and expect to continue to derive a large portion of our revenues from a small group of customers during any particular period due in part to the concentration of market share in the semiconductor industry. Our ten largest customers together accounted for approximately 57.4%, 54.2% and 53.4% of our net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2011 and the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Two customers each accounted for greater than 10% of our sales during the three months ended March 31, 2011. No customer accounted for greater than 10% of our sales during the year ended December 31, 2010. A single customer accounted for more than 10% of our sales during the year ended December 31, 2009.
 
The demand for our services from each customer is directly dependent upon that customer’s level of business activity, which could vary significantly from year to year. The loss of a large customer may adversely affect our sales and profitability. Our key customers typically operate in the cyclical semiconductor business and, in the past, order levels have varied significantly from period to period based on a number of factors. Our business is likely to remain subject to this variability in order levels, and we cannot assure you that these key customers or any other customers will continue to place orders with us in the future at the same levels as in past periods.
 
The loss of one or more of our significant customers, or reduced orders by any one of them and our inability to replace these customers or make up for such orders could reduce our profitability. For example, our facility in Iwate, Japan, is primarily dedicated to a single customer, Toshiba Corporation. We have also invested in an unconsolidated affiliate, J-Devices Corporation, for which Toshiba is the primary customer. If we were to lose Toshiba as a customer or if it were to materially reduce its business with us, it could be difficult for us to find one or more new customers to utilize the capacity, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial results. In addition, we have a long term supply agreement that expires in December 2013 with International Business Machines, or IBM. If we were to lose IBM as a customer, this could have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
 
Capital Additions — We Make Substantial Capital Additions To Support the Demand Of Our Customers, Which May Adversely Affect Our Business If the Demand Of Our Customers Does Not Develop As We Expect or Is Adversely Affected.
 
We make significant capital additions in order to service the demand of our customers. The amount of capital additions depends on several factors, including the performance of our business, our assessment of future industry and customer demand, our capacity utilization levels and availability, our liquidity position and the availability of financing. Our ongoing capital addition requirements may strain our cash and short-term asset balances, and, in periods when we are expanding our capital base, we expect that depreciation expense and factory operating expenses associated with our capital additions to increase production capacity will put downward pressure on our gross margin, at least over the near term.
 
Furthermore, if we cannot generate or raise additional funds to pay for capital additions, particularly in some of the advanced packaging and bumping areas, as well as research and development activities, our growth prospects and future profitability may be adversely affected. Our ability to obtain external financing in the future is subject to a variety of uncertainties, including:
 
  •  our future financial condition, results of operations and cash flows;
 
  •  general market conditions for financing activities by semiconductor companies;
 
  •  volatility in fixed income, credit and equity markets; and
 
  •  economic, political and other global conditions.


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The lead time needed to order, install and put into service various capital additions is often significant, and, as a result, we often need to commit to capital additions in advance of our receipt of firm orders or advance deposits based on our view of anticipated future demand with only very limited visibility. Although we seek to limit our exposure in this regard, in the past we have from time to time expended significant capital for additions for which the anticipated demand did not materialize for a variety of reasons, many of which were outside of our control. To the extent this occurs in the future, our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.
 
In addition, during periods where customer demand exceeds our capacity, customers may transfer some or all of their business to other suppliers who are able to support their needs. To the extent this occurs, our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.
 
Impairment Charges — Any Impairment Charges Required Under U.S. GAAP May Have a Material Adverse Effect on Our Net Income.
 
Under U.S. GAAP, we review our long-lived assets including property, plant and equipment, intellectual property, and other intangibles for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors we consider include significant under- performance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results, significant negative industry or economic trends and our market capitalization relative to net book value. We may be required in the future to record a significant charge to earnings in our financial statements during the period in which any impairment of our long-lived assets is determined. Such charges have had and could have a significant adverse impact on our results of operations and our operating flexibility under our debt covenants.
 
Litigation Incident to Our Business Could Adversely Affect Us.
 
We have been a party to various legal proceedings, including those described in Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report, and may be a party to litigation in the future. If an unfavorable ruling or outcome were to occur in this or future litigation, there could be a material adverse impact on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows and the trading price of our securities.
 
We Could Suffer Adverse Tax and Other Financial Consequences if Taxing Authorities Do Not Agree with Our Interpretation of Applicable Tax Laws.
 
Our corporate structure and operations are based, in part, on interpretations of various tax laws, including withholding tax, compliance with tax holiday requirements, application of changes in tax law to our operations and other relevant laws of applicable taxing jurisdictions. From time to time, the taxing authorities of the relevant jurisdictions may conduct examinations of our income tax returns and other regulatory filings. We cannot assure you that the taxing authorities will agree with our interpretations. To the extent they do not agree, we may seek to enter into settlements with the taxing authorities which require significant payments or otherwise adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition. We may also appeal the taxing authorities’ determinations to the appropriate governmental authorities, but we cannot be sure we will prevail. If we do not prevail, we may have to make significant payments or otherwise record charges (or reduce tax assets) that adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
 
Intellectual Property — Our Business Will Suffer if We Are Not Able to Develop New Proprietary Technology, Protect Our Proprietary Technology and Operate Without Infringing the Proprietary Rights of Others.
 
The complexity and breadth of semiconductor packaging and test services are rapidly increasing. As a result, we expect that we will need to develop, acquire and implement new manufacturing processes and package design technologies and tools in order to respond to competitive industry conditions and customer requirements. Technological advances also typically lead to rapid and significant price erosion and may make our existing packages less competitive or our existing inventories obsolete. If we cannot achieve advances in package design or obtain access to advanced package designs developed by others, our business could suffer.


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The need to develop and maintain advanced packaging capabilities and equipment could require significant research and development and capital expenditures and acquisitions in future years. In addition, converting to new package designs or process methodologies could result in delays in producing new package types, which could adversely affect our ability to meet customer orders and adversely impact our business.
 
We maintain an active program to protect and derive value from our investment in technology and the associated intellectual property rights. Intellectual property rights that apply to our various packages and services include patents, copyrights, trade secrets and trademarks. We have filed for and have obtained a number of patents in the U.S. and abroad, the duration of which varies depending on the jurisdiction in which the patent was filed. While our patents are an important element of our intellectual property strategy, as a whole, we are not materially dependent on any one patent or any one technology. The process of seeking patent protection takes a long time and is expensive. There can be no assurance that patents will issue from pending or future applications or that, if patents are issued, the rights granted under the patents will provide us with meaningful protection or any commercial advantage. Any patents we do obtain may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented and may not provide meaningful protection or other commercial advantage to us.
 
Some of our technologies are not covered by any patent or patent application. The confidentiality agreements on which we rely to protect these technologies may be breached and may not be adequate to protect our proprietary technologies. There can be no assurance that other countries in which we market our services will protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the U.S.
 
Our competitors may develop, patent or gain access to know-how and technology similar to our own. In addition, many of our patents are subject to cross licenses, several of which are with our competitors.
 
The semiconductor industry is characterized by frequent claims regarding patent and other intellectual property rights. If any third party makes an enforceable infringement claim against us or our customers, we could be required to:
 
  •  discontinue the use of certain processes;
 
  •  cease to provide the services at issue;
 
  •  pay substantial damages;
 
  •  develop non-infringing technologies; or
 
  •  acquire licenses to the technology we had allegedly infringed.
 
We may need to enforce our patents or other intellectual property rights, including our rights under patent and intellectual property licenses with third parties, or defend ourselves against claimed infringement of the rights of others through litigation, which could result in substantial cost and diversion of our resources. Furthermore, if we fail to obtain necessary licenses, our business could suffer. We have been involved in legal proceedings involving the acquisition and license of intellectual property rights, the enforcement of our existing intellectual property rights or the enforcement of the intellectual property rights of others, including the arbitration proceeding filed against Tessera, Inc. and complaint filed and ongoing proceeding against Carsem (M) Sdn Bhd, Carsem Semiconductor Sdn Bhd, and Carsem Inc., or collectively “Carsem”, both of which are described in more detail in Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report. Unfavorable outcomes in any litigation matters involving intellectual property could result in significant liabilities and could have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. The potential impact from the legal proceedings referred to in this Quarterly Report on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could change in the future.


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Packaging and Test — Packaging and Test Processes Are Complex and Our Production Yields and Customer Relationships May Suffer from Defects in the Services We Provide.
 
Semiconductor packaging and test services are complex processes that require significant technological and process expertise. The packaging process is complex and involves a number of precise steps. Defective packages primarily result from:
 
  •  contaminants in the manufacturing environment;
 
  •  human error;
 
  •  equipment malfunction;
 
  •  changing processes to address environmental requirements;
 
  •  defective raw materials; or
 
  •  defective plating services.
 
Testing is also complex and involves sophisticated equipment and software. Similar to most software programs, these software programs are complex and may contain programming errors or “bugs.” The testing equipment is also subject to malfunction. In addition, the testing process is subject to operator error.
 
These and other factors have, from time to time, contributed to lower production yields. They may also do so in the future, particularly as we adjust our capacity or change our processing steps. In addition, we must continue to expand our offering of packages to be competitive. Our production yields on new packages typically are significantly lower than our production yields on our more established packages.
 
Our failure to maintain high standards or acceptable production yields, if significant and prolonged, could result in loss of customers, increased costs of production, delays, substantial amounts of returned goods and claims by customers relating thereto. Any of these problems could have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
 
In addition, in line with industry practice, new customers usually require us to pass a lengthy and rigorous qualification process that may take several months. If we fail to qualify packages with potential customers or customers, our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could be adversely affected.
 
Competition — We Compete Against Established Competitors in the Packaging and Test Business as Well as Internal Customer Capabilities.
 
The subcontracted semiconductor packaging and test market is very competitive. We face substantial competition from established packaging and test service providers primarily located in Asia, including companies with significant processing capacity, financial resources, research and development operations, marketing and other capabilities. These companies also have established relationships with many large semiconductor companies that are our current or potential customers. We also face competition from the internal capabilities and capacity of many of our current and potential IDM customers. In addition, we may in the future have to compete with companies (including semiconductor foundries) that may enter the market or offer new or emerging technologies that compete with our packages and services.
 
We cannot assure you that we will be able to compete successfully in the future against our existing or potential competitors or that our customers will not rely on internal sources for packaging and test services, or that our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows will not be adversely affected by such increased competition.
 
Environmental Regulations — Future Environmental Regulations Could Place Additional Burdens on Our Manufacturing Operations.
 
The semiconductor packaging process uses chemicals, materials and gases and generates byproducts that are subject to extensive governmental regulations. For example, at our foreign facilities we produce liquid waste when semiconductor wafers are diced into chips with the aid of diamond saws, then cooled with running water. In


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addition, semiconductor packages have historically utilized metallic alloys containing lead (Pb) within the interconnect terminals typically referred to as leads, pins or balls. Federal, state and local laws and regulations in the U.S., as well as environmental laws and regulations in foreign jurisdictions, impose various controls on the storage, handling, discharge and disposal of chemicals used in our production processes and on the factories we occupy and are increasingly imposing restrictions on the materials contained in semiconductor products. We may become liable under environmental laws for the cost of cleanup of any disposal or release of hazardous materials arising out of our former or current operations, or otherwise as a result of the existence of hazardous materials on our properties. In such an event, we could be held liable for damages, including fines, penalties and the cost of investigations and remedial actions, and could also be subject to revocation of permits negatively affecting our operations.
 
Public attention has focused on the environmental impact of semiconductor operations and the risk to neighbors of chemical releases from such operations and to the materials contained in semiconductor products. For example, the European Union’s Restriction of Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive imposes strict restrictions on the use of lead and other hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment. In response to this directive, and similar laws and developing legislation in countries like China, Japan and Korea, we have implemented changes in a number of our manufacturing processes in an effort to achieve compliance across all of our package types. Complying with existing and possible future environmental laws and regulations, including laws and regulations relating to climate change, may impose upon us the need for additional capital equipment or other process requirements, restrict our ability to expand our operations, disrupt our operations, increase costs, subject us to liability or cause us to curtail our operations.
 
Our Business and Financial Condition Could be Adversely Affected by Natural Disasters, Including the Recent Earthquake and Tsunami in Japan
 
We have significant packaging and test and other operations in locations which are subject to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons, floods, and other severe weather and geological events that could disrupt our operations. In addition, our suppliers and customers also have significant operations in such locations. A natural disaster that results in a prolonged disruption to our operations, or the operations of our customers or suppliers, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. For example, on March 11, 2011, the northeast coast of Japan experienced a severe earthquake followed by a tsunami, with continuing aftershocks. These geological events have caused significant damage in the region, including severe damage to nuclear power plants, and have impacted Japan’s power and other infrastructure as well as its economy. Japan is a major supplier of semiconductors, silicon wafers, specialty chemicals, substrates, equipment and other supplies to the electronics industry, and the earthquake could have an impact on the overall supply chain for electronics. A number of our suppliers and customers are also located in Japan. Some of these suppliers and customers have been impacted by the events in Japan and continue to be affected by unreliable power, shipping constraints and issues with their respective suppliers. Additionally, many of our customers in Japan and in other parts of the world may be unable to obtain adequate supplies of components as a result of the events in Japan, which could reduce the demand for our packaging and test services. As a result, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected by the events in Japan or future natural disasters of a similar nature.
 
Fire, Flood or Other Calamity — With Our Operations Conducted in a Limited Number of Facilities, a Fire, Flood or Other Calamity at one of Our Facilities Could Adversely Affect Us.
 
We conduct our packaging and test operations at a limited number of facilities. Significant damage or other impediments to any of these facilities, whether as a result of fire, weather, the outbreak of infectious diseases (such as SARs or flu), civil strife, industrial strikes, breakdowns of equipment, difficulties or delays in obtaining materials and equipment, natural disasters, terrorist incidents, industrial accidents or other causes could temporarily disrupt or even shut down our operations, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In the event of such a disruption or shutdown, we may be unable to reallocate production to other facilities in a timely or cost-effective manner (if at all) and may not have sufficient capacity to service customer demands in our other facilities. For example, our operations in Asia are vulnerable to regional typhoons that can bring with them destructive winds and torrential rains, which could in turn cause plant closures and


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transportation interruptions. In addition, some of the processes that we utilize in our operations place us at risk of fire and other damage. For example, highly flammable gases are used in the preparation of wafers holding semiconductor devices for flip chip packaging. While we maintain insurance policies for various types of property, casualty and other risks, we do not carry insurance for all the above referred risks and with regard to the insurance we do maintain, we cannot assure you that it would be sufficient to cover all of our potential losses.
 
Continued Control By Existing Stockholders — Mr. James J. Kim and Members of His Family Can Substantially Control The Outcome of All Matters Requiring Stockholder Approval.
 
As of March 31, 2011, Mr. James J. Kim, our Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors, members of Mr. Kim’s immediate family and affiliates owned approximately 87,899,000 shares, or approximately 44%, of our outstanding common stock. Approximately 13,351,000 of these shares (the “2013 Convert Shares”) were acquired upon the conversion in January 2011 of all $100.0 million of our 6.25% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2013. The Kim family also has options to acquire approximately 923,000 shares and owns $150.0 million of our 6.0% Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014 (the “2014 Notes”) that are convertible into approximately 49,595,000 shares of common stock (the “2014 Convert Shares”) at a conversion price of approximately $3.02 per share. If the options are exercised and the 2014 Notes are converted, the Kim family would own an aggregate of approximately 138,417,000 shares, or approximately 56%, of our outstanding common stock.
 
The 2013 Convert Shares and the 2014 Convert Shares are each subject to separate voting agreements that require the Kim family to vote these respective shares in a “neutral manner” on all matters submitted to Amkor stockholders for a vote, so that such 2013 Convert Shares and 2014 Convert Shares are voted in the same proportion as all of the other outstanding securities (excluding the other shares owned by the Kim family) that are actually voted on a proposal submitted to Amkor’s stockholders for approval. The Kim family is not required to vote in a “neutral manner” any 2013 Convert Shares or 2014 Convert Shares that, when aggregated with all other voting shares held by the Kim family, represent 41.6% or less of the total then-outstanding voting shares of Amkor common stock. The voting agreement for the 2013 Convert Shares terminates upon the earliest of (i) December 1, 2013, (ii) at such time as no principal amount of the 2013 Notes or any 2013 Convert Shares remain outstanding, (iii) a change of control transaction (as defined in the voting agreement), or (iv) the mutual agreement of the Kim family and Amkor. The voting agreement for the 2014 Convert Shares terminates upon the earliest of (i) such time as no principal amount of the 2014 Notes remains outstanding and the Kim family no longer beneficially own any of the 2014 Convert Shares, (ii) consummation of a change of control (as defined in the voting agreement), or (iii) the mutual agreement of the Kim family and Amkor.
 
Subject to the requirements imposed by the voting agreements that the Kim family vote in a neutral manner any shares issued upon conversion of their convertible notes, Mr. James J. Kim and his family and affiliates, acting together, have the ability to effectively determine matters (other than interested party transactions) submitted for approval by our stockholders by voting their shares, including the election of all of the members of our Board of Directors. There is also the potential, through the election of members of our Board of Directors, that Mr. Kim’s family could substantially influence matters decided upon by the Board of Directors. This concentration of ownership may also have the effect of impeding a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business consolidation involving us, or discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender offer for our shares, and could also negatively affect our stock’s market price or decrease any premium over market price that an acquirer might otherwise pay.
 
Item 6.   Exhibits
 
The exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K which are filed with this report are set forth in the Exhibit Index.


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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
 
  By: 
/s/  Joanne Solomon
Joanne Solomon
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)
 
 
Date: May 5, 2011


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EXHIBIT INDEX
 
         
Exhibit
   
Number   Description of Exhibit
 
  31 .1   Certification of Kenneth T. Joyce, President and Chief Executive Officer of Amkor Technology, Inc., pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  31 .2   Certification of Joanne Solomon, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Amkor Technology, Inc., pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  32     Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  101 .INS*   XBRL Instance Document
  101 .SCH*   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
  101 .CAL*   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
  101 .LAB*   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
  101 .PRE*   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document


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