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EX-32 - EXHIBIT 32 - CORPORATE PROPERTY ASSOCIATES 16 GLOBAL INCc14677exv32.htm
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EX-21.1 - EXHIBIT 21.1 - CORPORATE PROPERTY ASSOCIATES 16 GLOBAL INCc14677exv21w1.htm
EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - CORPORATE PROPERTY ASSOCIATES 16 GLOBAL INCc14677exv31w1.htm
Table of Contents

 
 
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-K
     
þ   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010
or
     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                      to                     .
Commission file number: 001-32162
(CPA LOGO)
CORPORATE PROPERTY ASSOCIATES 16 — GLOBAL INCORPORATED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Maryland
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
  80-0067704
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
     
50 Rockefeller Plaza
New York, New York

(Address of principal executive offices)
  10020
(Zip code)
Registrant’s telephone numbers, including area code:
Investor Relations (212) 492-8920
(212) 492-1100
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, Par Value $0.001 Per Share
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes o No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
             
Large accelerated filer o   Accelerated filer o   Non-accelerated filer þ   Smaller reporting company o
        (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No þ
Registrant has no active market for its common stock. Non-affiliates held 117,718,145 shares of common stock at June 30, 2010.
At March 18, 2011, there were 126,977,682 shares of common stock of registrant outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The registrant incorporates by reference its definitive Proxy Statement with respect to its 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days following the end of its fiscal year, into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
 

 

 


 

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 Exhibit 21.1
 Exhibit 23.1
 Exhibit 31.1
 Exhibit 31.2
 Exhibit 32
Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 of Part II of this Report, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. These forward-looking statements generally are identified by the words “believe,” “project,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “strategy,” “plan,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “would,” “will be,” “will continue,” “will likely result,” and similar expressions. It is important to note that our actual results could be materially different from those projected in such forward-looking statements. You should exercise caution in relying on forward-looking statements as they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may materially affect our future results, performance, achievements or transactions. Information on factors which could impact actual results and cause them to differ from what is anticipated in the forward-looking statements contained herein is included in this Report as well as in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), including but not limited to those described below in Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Report. We do not undertake to revise or update any forward-looking statements. Additionally, a description of our critical accounting estimates is included in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section of this Report.
CPA®:16 2010 10-K 1

 

 


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PART I
Item 1.   Business.
(a) General Development of Business
Overview:
Corporate Property Associates 16 — Global Incorporated (together with its consolidated subsidiaries and predecessors, “we”, “us” or “our”) is a publicly owned, non-listed real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that primarily invests in commercial properties leased to companies domestically and internationally. As a REIT, we are required, among other things, to distribute at least 90% of our REIT net taxable income to our shareholders and meet certain tests regarding the nature of our income and assets, and we are not subject to United States (“U.S.”) federal income tax with respect to the portion of our income that meets certain criteria and is distributed annually to shareholders.
Our core investment strategy is to own and manage a portfolio of properties leased to a diversified group of companies on a single tenant net lease basis. Our net leases generally require the tenant to pay substantially all of the costs associated with operating and maintaining the property, such as maintenance, insurance, taxes, structural repairs and other operating expenses. Leases of this type are referred to as triple-net leases. We generally seek to include in our leases:
    clauses providing for mandated rent increases or periodic rent increases over the term of the lease tied to increases in the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) or other similar index for the jurisdiction in which the property is located or, when appropriate, increases tied to the volume of sales at the property;
    indemnification for environmental and other liabilities;
    operational or financial covenants of the tenant; and
    guarantees of lease obligations from parent companies or letters of credit.
We have in the past and may in the future invest in mortgage loans that are collateralized by real estate.
We are managed by W. P. Carey & Co. LLC (“WPC”) through certain of its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “advisor”). WPC is a publicly traded company listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “WPC.”
The advisor provides both strategic and day-to-day management services for us, including capital funding services, investment research and analysis, investment financing and other investment related services, asset management, disposition of assets, investor relations and administrative services. The advisor also provides office space and other facilities for us. We pay asset management fees and certain transactional fees to the advisor and also reimburse the advisor for certain expenses. The advisor also currently serves in this capacity for other REITs that it formed under the Corporate Property Associates brand: Corporate Property Associates 14 Incorporated (“CPA®:14”), Corporate Property Associates 15 Incorporated (“CPA®:15”) and Corporate Property Associates 17 — Global Incorporated (“CPA®:17”), collectively, including us, the “CPA® REITs.” The advisor also serves as the advisor to Carey Watermark Investors Incorporated, which was formed in March 2008 for the purpose of acquiring interests in lodging and lodging-related properties.
We were formed as a Maryland corporation in June 2003. We commenced our initial public offering in December 2003. Through two public offerings we sold a total of 110,331,881 shares of our common stock for a total of $1.1 billion in gross offering proceeds. We completed our second public offering in December 2006. Through December 31, 2010, we have also issued 16,372,617 shares ($169.7 million) through our distribution reinvestment and stock purchase plan. We have repurchased 8,952,317 shares ($81.1 million) of our common stock under a redemption plan from inception through December 31, 2010.
Our principal executive offices are located at 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY 10020 and our telephone number is (212) 492-1100. We have no employees. At December 31, 2010, the advisor employed 170 individuals who are available to perform services for us.
CPA®:16 2010 10-K 2

 

 


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Significant Developments during 2010:
Proposed Merger — On December 13, 2010, we and CPA®:14 entered into a definitive agreement pursuant to which CPA®:14 will merge with and into one of our subsidiaries (the “Proposed Merger”). In connection with the Proposed Merger, we filed a registration statement with the SEC, which was declared effective by the SEC on March 8, 2011. Special shareholder meetings for both us and CPA®:14 are currently scheduled to be held on April 26, 2011 to obtain the approval of CPA®:14’s shareholders of the Proposed Merger and the alternate merger described below and the approval of our shareholders of the alternate merger, the UPREIT reorganization described below and a charter amendment to increase our number of authorized shares in order to ensure that we will have sufficient shares to issue in the future. The alternate merger is intended to provide an alternate tax-efficient transaction if the amount of cash elected to be received by CPA®:14’s shareholders in the Proposed Merger could cause the Proposed Merger to be a taxable transaction. The closing of the Proposed Merger is also subject to customary closing conditions. If the Proposed Merger is approved and the other closing conditions are met, we currently expect that the closing will occur in the second quarter of 2011, although there can be no assurance of such timing.
We have also agreed to use our reasonable best efforts to obtain a $300.0 million senior credit facility in order to pay for cash elections in the Proposed Merger. We entered into commitment letters with five lenders in connection with this potential debt financing; however, the commitment letters are subject to a number of closing conditions, including the lenders’ satisfactory completion of due diligence and determination that no material adverse change in us has occurred, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain the senior credit facility on acceptable terms or at all.
In the Proposed Merger, CPA®:14 shareholders will be entitled to receive $11.50 per share, the “Merger Consideration,” which is equal to the estimated net asset value (“NAV”) per share of CPA®:14 as of September 30, 2010. The Merger Consideration will be paid to shareholders of CPA®:14, at their election, in either cash or a combination of a $1.00 per share special cash distribution and 1.1932 shares of our common stock, which equates to $10.50 based on our $8.80 per share NAV as of September 30, 2010. The advisor computed these NAVs internally, relying in part upon a third-party valuation of each company’s real estate portfolio and indebtedness as of September 30, 2010. Our board of directors and the board of directors of CPA®:14 each have the ability, but not the obligation, to terminate the transaction if more than 50% of the shareholders of CPA®:14 elect to receive cash in the Proposed Merger. Assuming that holders of 50% of CPA®:14’s outstanding stock elect to receive cash in the Proposed Merger, then the maximum cash required by us to purchase these shares would be approximately $416.1 million, based on the total shares of CPA®:14 outstanding at December 31, 2010. If the cash on hand and available to us and CPA®:14, including the expected proceeds from the sales of certain assets by CPA®:14 (the “Asset Sales”) and a new $300.0 million senior credit facility, is not sufficient to enable us to fulfill cash elections in the Proposed Merger by CPA®:14 shareholders, WPC has agreed to purchase a sufficient number of shares of our common stock to enable us to pay such amounts to CPA®:14 shareholders.
In connection with the Proposed Merger, we propose to implement an UPREIT reorganization. The proposed UPREIT reorganization is an internal reorganization of our corporate structure into an umbrella partnership real estate investment trust, known as an UPREIT, to hold substantially all of our assets in an operating partnership.
Financing Activity — During 2010, we obtained mortgage financing totaling $36.9 million, inclusive of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests of $14.5 million, primarily consisting of refinancing of debt.
Impairment Charges — During 2010, we incurred impairment charges totaling $10.9 million, inclusive of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests totaling $2.5 million (Note 10).
Net Asset Values — In connection with the Proposed Merger, our advisor calculated an interim NAV for us as of September 30, 2010. This interim valuation resulted in an estimated NAV of $8.80 per share, representing a 4.3% decline from our December 31, 2009 NAV of $9.20 per share.
(b) Financial Information About Segments
We operate in one industry segment, real estate ownership, with domestic and foreign investments. Refer to Note 17 in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for financial information about this segment.
(c) Narrative Description of Business
CPA®:16 2010 10-K 3

 

 


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Business Objectives and Strategy
We invest primarily in income-producing commercial real estate properties that are, upon acquisition, improved or developed or that will be developed within a reasonable time after acquisition.
Our objectives are to:
    own a diversified portfolio of triple-net leased real estate and other real estate related investments;
    fund distributions to shareholders; and
    increase our equity in our real estate by making regular principal payments on mortgage loans for our properties.
We seek to achieve these objectives by investing in and holding commercial properties that are generally triple-net leased to a single corporate tenant. We intend our portfolio to be diversified by tenant, facility type, geographic location and tenant industry.
Our Portfolio
At December 31, 2010, our portfolio was comprised of our full or partial ownership interests in 384 properties, substantially all of which were triple-net leased to 79 tenants, and totaled approximately 27 million square feet (on a pro rata basis) with an occupancy rate of 99%. Our portfolio had the following property and lease characteristics:
Geographic Diversification
Information regarding the geographic diversification of our properties at December 31, 2010 is set forth below (dollars in thousands):
                                 
    Consolidated Investments     Equity Investments in Real Estate(b)  
    Annualized     % of Annualized     Annualized     % of Annualized  
    Contractual     Contractual     Contractual     Contractual  
    Minimum     Minimum     Minimum     Minimum  
Region   Base Rent (a)     Base Rent     Base Rent (a)     Base Rent  
United States
                               
East
  $ 35,623       19 %   $ 10,786       24 %
South
    30,819       16       4,672       11  
Midwest
    24,972       13       1,415       3  
West
    20,727       11       2,332       5  
 
                       
Total U.S.
    112,141       59       19,205       43  
 
                       
International
                               
Europe (c)
    71,257       37       25,181       57  
Asia
    4,263       2              
Canada
    2,674       2              
Mexico
    386                    
 
                       
Total Non-U.S.
    78,580       41       25,181       57  
 
                       
Total
  $ 190,721       100 %   $ 44,386       100 %
 
                       
 
     
(a)   Reflects annualized contractual minimum base rent for the fourth quarter of 2010.
 
(b)   Reflects our pro rata share of annualized contractual minimum base rent for the fourth quarter of 2010 from equity investments in real estate.
 
(c)   Reflects investments in Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.
CPA®:16 2010 10-K 4

 

 


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Property Diversification
Information regarding our property diversification at December 31, 2010 is set forth below (dollars in thousands):
                                 
    Consolidated Investments     Equity Investments in Real Estate(b)  
    Annualized     % of Annualized     Annualized     % of Annualized  
    Contractual     Contractual     Contractual     Contractual  
    Minimum     Minimum     Minimum     Minimum  
Property Type   Base Rent(a)     Base Rent     Base Rent(a)     Base Rent  
Industrial
  $ 75,223       39 %   $ 6,125       14 %
Retail
    43,016       23       7,569       17  
Warehouse/Distribution
    36,666       19       627       1  
Office
    23,839       13       20,063       45  
Other Properties (c)
    11,977       6       10,002       23  
 
                       
Total
  $ 190,721       100 %   $ 44,386       100 %
 
                       
 
     
(a)   Reflects annualized contractual minimum base rent for the fourth quarter of 2010.
 
(b)   Reflects our pro rata share of annualized contractual minimum base rent for the fourth quarter of 2010 from equity investments in real estate.
 
(c)   Other properties include hospitality properties, residential, and self-storage facilities as well as undeveloped land.
CPA®:16 2010 10-K 5

 

 


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Tenant Diversification
Information regarding our tenant diversification at December 31, 2010 is set forth below (dollars in thousands):
                                 
    Consolidated Investments     Equity Investments in Real Estate(c)  
    Annualized     % of Annualized     Annualized     % of Annualized  
    Contractual     Contractual     Contractual     Contractual  
    Minimum     Minimum     Minimum     Minimum  
Tenant Industry(a )   Base Rent(b)     Base Rent     Base Rent(b)     Base Rent  
Retail trade
  $ 52,102       27 %   $ 7,612       17 %
Chemicals, plastics, rubber, and glass
    19,556       10              
Automotive
    13,903       7       314       1  
Transportation — cargo
    13,620       7       111        
Healthcare, education and childcare
    11,954       6              
Telecommunications
    10,135       5              
Consumer non-durable goods
    9,760       5              
Construction and building
    9,587       5              
Beverages, food, and tobacco
    8,557       5              
Electronics
    8,203       4       5,555       13  
Business and commercial services
    6,916       4              
Hotels and gaming
    6,549       4              
Machinery
    4,019       2       2,273       5  
Grocery
    3,653       2              
Media: printing and publishing
    2,116       1       6,690       15  
Textiles, leather, and apparel
    1,992       1       1,887       4  
Aerospace and defense
    1,405       1       1,455       3  
Insurance
    1,313       1       3,447       8  
Buildings and real estate
                6,497       15  
Federal, state and local government
                4,414       10  
Transportation — personal
                3,499       8  
Other (d)
    5,381       3       632       1  
 
                       
Total
  $ 190,721       100 %   $ 44,386       100 %
 
                       
 
     
(a)   Based on the Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. classification system and information provided by the tenant.
 
(b)   Reflects annualized contractual minimum base rent for the fourth quarter of 2010.
 
(c)   Reflects our pro rata share of annualized contractual minimum base rent for the fourth quarter of 2010 from equity investments in real estate.
 
(d)   Includes annualized contractual minimum base rent from tenants in our consolidated investments in the following industries: consumer services (1%), mining, metals and primary metal (1%) and utilities (1%). For our equity investments in real estate, Other consists of revenue from tenants in the mining, metals and primary metal industry.
CPA®:16 2010 10-K 6

 

 


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Lease Expirations
At December 31, 2010, lease expirations of our properties were as follows (dollars in thousands):
                                 
    Consolidated Investments     Equity Investments in Real Estate(b)  
    Annualized     % of Annualized     Annualized     % of Annualized  
    Contractual     Contractual     Contractual     Contractual  
    Minimum     Minimum     Minimum     Minimum  
Year of Lease Expiration   Base Rent(a)     Base Rent     Base Rent(a)     Base Rent  
2011 - 2014
  $       %   $ 4,954       11 %
2015
    498             3,447       8  
2016
    2,485       1       3,305       8  
2017 - 2018
    2,000       1       111        
2019
    5,217       3       4,414       10  
2020 - 2023
    48,667       26       1,041       2  
2024 - 2026
    37,798       20       18,981       43  
2027 - 2029
    40,980       21       4,475       10  
2030 and thereafter
    53,076       28       3,658       8  
 
                       
Total
  $ 190,721       100 %   $ 44,386       100 %
 
                       
 
     
(a)   Reflects annualized contractual minimum base rent for the fourth quarter of 2010.
 
(b)   Reflects our pro rata share of annualized contractual minimum base rent for the fourth quarter of 2010 from equity investments in real estate.
Asset Management
We believe that effective management of our assets is essential to maintain and enhance property values. Important aspects of asset management include restructuring transactions to meet the evolving needs of current tenants, re-leasing properties, refinancing debt, selling assets and knowledge of the bankruptcy process.
The advisor monitors, on an ongoing basis, compliance by tenants with their lease obligations and other factors that could affect the financial performance of any of our properties. Monitoring involves verifying that each tenant has paid real estate taxes, assessments and other expenses relating to the properties it occupies and confirming that appropriate insurance coverage is being maintained by the tenant. For international compliance, the advisor also utilizes third-party asset managers for certain investments. The advisor reviews financial statements of our tenants and undertakes regular physical inspections of the condition and maintenance of our properties. Additionally, the advisor periodically analyzes each tenant’s financial condition, the industry in which each tenant operates and each tenant’s relative strength in its industry.
Holding Period
We intend to hold each property we invest in for an extended period. The determination of whether a particular property should be sold or otherwise disposed of will be made after consideration of relevant factors, including prevailing economic conditions, with a view to achieving maximum capital appreciation for our shareholders or avoiding increases in risk. No assurance can be given that this objective will be realized.
Our intention is to consider alternatives for providing liquidity for our shareholders generally commencing eight years following the investment of substantially all of the net proceeds from our initial public offering. We completed the investment of substantially all of the net proceeds of our initial public offering during 2006. While we have substantially invested the proceeds of our offerings, we expect to continue to participate in future investments with our affiliates to the extent we have funds available for investment. We may provide liquidity for our shareholders through sales of assets, either on a portfolio basis or individually, a listing of our shares on a stock exchange, a merger (which may include a merger with one or more of our affiliated CPA® REITs, such as the Proposed Merger, and/or with the advisor) or another transaction approved by our board of directors. We are under no obligation to liquidate our portfolio within any particular period since the precise timing will depend on real estate and financial markets, economic conditions of the areas in which the properties are located and tax effects on shareholders that may prevail in the future. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that we will be able to consummate a liquidity event. In the most recent instances in which CPA® REIT shareholders were provided with liquidity, the liquidating entity merged with another, later-formed CPA® REIT. In each of these transactions, shareholders of the liquidating entity were offered the opportunity to exchange their shares for shares of the merged entity, cash or a short-term note.
CPA®:16 2010 10-K 7

 

 


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On December 13, 2010, we and CPA®:14 entered into a definitive agreement pursuant to which CPA®:14 will merge with and into one of our subsidiaries, subject to the approval of the shareholders. If the Proposed Merger is approved and the other closing conditions are satisfied, we currently expect that the closing will occur in the second quarter of 2011, although there can be no assurance of such timing.
Financing Strategies
Consistent with our investment policies, we use leverage when available on favorable terms. We generally borrow in the same currency that is used to pay rent on the property. This enables us to mitigate a portion of our currency risk on international investments. Substantially all of our mortgage loans are non-recourse and provide for monthly or quarterly installments, which include scheduled payments of principal. At December 31, 2010, 97% of our mortgage financing bore interest at fixed rates. At December 31, 2010, substantially all of our variable-rate debt currently bears interest at fixed rates but will reset in the future, pursuant to the terms of the mortgage contracts. Accordingly, our near-term cash flow should not be adversely affected by increases in interest rates. The advisor may refinance properties or defease a loan when a decline in interest rates makes it profitable to prepay an existing mortgage loan, when an existing mortgage loan matures or if an attractive investment becomes available and the proceeds from the refinancing can be used to purchase the investment. There is no assurance that existing debt will be refinanced at lower rates of interest as the debt matures. The benefits of the refinancing may include an increased cash flow resulting from reduced debt service requirements, an increase in distributions from proceeds of the refinancing, if any, and/or an increase in property ownership if some refinancing proceeds are reinvested in real estate. The prepayment of loans may require us to pay a yield maintenance premium to the lender in order to pay off a loan prior to its maturity.
A lender on non-recourse mortgage debt generally has recourse only to the property collateralizing such debt and not to any of our other assets, while unsecured financing would give a lender recourse to all of our assets. The use of non-recourse debt, therefore, helps us to limit the exposure of our assets to any one debt obligation. Lenders may, however, have recourse to our other assets in limited circumstances not related to the repayment of the indebtedness, such as under an environmental indemnity or in the case of fraud. Lenders may also seek to include in the terms of mortgage loans provisions making the termination or replacement of the advisor an event of default or an event requiring the immediate repayment of the full outstanding balance of the loan. We will attempt to negotiate loan terms allowing us to replace or terminate the advisor. Even if we are successful in negotiating such provisions, the replacement or termination of the advisor may require the prior consent of the mortgage lenders.
A majority of our financing requires us to make a lump-sum or “balloon” payment at maturity. At December 31, 2010, scheduled balloon payments for the next five years were as follows (in thousands):
         
2011
  $ (a)
2012
     
2013
     
2014
    61,589 (a)
2015
    92,443 (a)
 
     
(a)   Excludes our pro rata share of mortgage obligations of equity investments in real estate totaling $7.9 million in 2011, $102.5 million in 2014, and $47.9 million in 2015.
Investment Strategies
We invest primarily in income-producing properties that are, upon acquisition, improved or being developed or that are to be developed within a reasonable period after acquisition. While we are not currently seeking to make new significant investments, we may do so if attractive opportunities arise.
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Most of our properties are subject to long-term net leases and were acquired through sale-leaseback transactions in which we acquire properties from companies that simultaneously lease the properties back from us. These sale-leaseback transactions provide the lessee company with a source of capital that is an alternative to other financing sources such as corporate borrowing, mortgaging real property, or selling shares of its stock.
Our sale-leaseback transactions may occur in conjunction with acquisitions, recapitalizations or other corporate transactions. We may act as one of several sources of financing for these transactions by purchasing real property from the seller and net leasing it back to the seller or its successor in interest (the lessee).
In analyzing potential net lease investment opportunities, the advisor reviews all aspects of a transaction, including the creditworthiness of the tenant or borrower and the underlying real estate fundamentals, to determine whether a potential acquisition satisfies our investment criteria. The advisor generally considers, among other things, the following aspects of each transaction:
Tenant/Borrower Evaluation — The advisor evaluates each potential tenant or borrower for their creditworthiness, typically considering factors such as management experience, industry position and fundamentals, operating history, and capital structure, as well as other factors that may be relevant to a particular investment. The advisor seeks opportunities in which it believes the tenant may have a stable or improving credit profile or the credit profile has not been recognized by the market. In evaluating a possible investment, the creditworthiness of a tenant or borrower often is a more significant factor than the value of the underlying real estate, particularly if the underlying property is specifically suited to the needs of the tenant; however, in certain circumstances where the real estate is attractively valued, the creditworthiness of the tenant may be a secondary consideration. Whether a prospective tenant or borrower is creditworthy will be determined by the advisor’s investment department and its investment committee, as described below. Creditworthy does not mean “investment grade.”
Properties Important to Tenant/Borrower Operations — The advisor generally focuses on properties that it believes are essential or important to the ongoing operations of the tenant. The advisor believes that these properties provide better protection generally as well as in the event of a bankruptcy, since a tenant/borrower is less likely to risk the loss of a critically important lease or property in a bankruptcy proceeding or otherwise.
Diversification — The advisor attempts to diversify our portfolio to avoid dependence on any one particular tenant, borrower, collateral type, geographic location or tenant/borrower industry. By diversifying our portfolio, the advisor seeks to reduce the adverse effect of a single under-performing investment or a downturn in any particular industry or geographic region.
Lease Terms — Generally, the net leased properties in which we invest will be leased on a full recourse basis to our tenants or their affiliates. In addition, the advisor generally seeks to include a clause in each lease that provides for increases in rent over the term of the lease. These increases are fixed or tied to increases in indices such as the CPI, or other similar index in the jurisdiction in which the property is located, but may contain caps or other limitations, either on an annual or overall basis. Further, in some jurisdictions (notably Germany), these clauses must provide for rent adjustments based on increases or decreases in the relevant index. In the case of retail stores and hotels, the lease may provide for participation in gross revenues above a stated level. Alternatively, a lease may provide for mandated rental increases on specific dates.
Collateral Evaluation — The advisor reviews the physical condition of the property and conducts a market evaluation to determine the likelihood of replacing the rental stream if the tenant defaults or of a sale of the property in such circumstances. The advisor will also generally engage third parties to conduct, or require the seller to conduct, Phase I or similar environmental site assessments (including a visual inspection for the potential presence of asbestos) in an attempt to identify potential environmental liabilities associated with a property prior to its acquisition. If potential environmental liabilities are identified, the advisor generally requires that identified environmental issues be resolved by the seller prior to property acquisition or, where such issues cannot be resolved prior to acquisition, requires tenants contractually to assume responsibility for resolving identified environmental issues post-closing and provide indemnification protections against any potential claims, losses or expenses arising from such matters. Although the advisor generally relies on its own analysis in determining whether to make an investment, each real property to be purchased by us will be appraised by an independent appraiser. The contractual purchase price (plus acquisition fees, but excluding acquisition expenses, payable to the advisor) for a real property we acquire will not exceed its appraised value, unless approved by our independent directors. The appraisals may take into consideration, among other things, the terms and conditions of the particular lease transaction, the quality of the lessee’s credit and the conditions of the credit markets at the time the lease transaction is negotiated. The appraised value may be greater than the construction cost or the replacement cost of a property, and the actual sale price of a property if sold by us may be greater or less than the appraised value. In cases of special purpose real estate, a property is examined in light of the prospects for the tenant/borrower’s enterprise and the financial strength and the role of that asset in the context of the tenant/borrower’s overall viability. Operating results of properties and other collateral may be examined to determine whether or not projected income levels are likely to be met.
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Transaction Provisions to Enhance and Protect Value — The advisor attempts to include provisions in our leases it believes may help protect our investment from changes in the operating and financial characteristics of a tenant that may affect its ability to satisfy its obligations to us or reduce the value of our investment, such as requiring our consent to specified tenant activity, requiring the tenant to provide indemnification protections, and requiring the tenant to satisfy specific operating tests. The advisor may also seek to enhance the likelihood of a tenant’s lease obligations being satisfied through a guaranty of obligations from the tenant’s corporate parent or other entity or a letter of credit. This credit enhancement, if obtained, provides us with additional financial security. However, in markets where competition for net lease transactions is strong, some or all of these provisions may be difficult to negotiate. In addition, in some circumstances, tenants may retain the right to repurchase the property leased by the tenant. The option purchase price is generally the greater of the contract purchase price or the fair market value of the property at the time the option is exercised.
Other Equity Enhancements — The advisor may attempt to obtain equity enhancements in connection with transactions. These equity enhancements may involve warrants exercisable at a future time to purchase stock of the tenant or borrower or their parent. If warrants are obtained, and become exercisable, and if the value of the stock subsequently exceeds the exercise price of the warrant, equity enhancements can help us to achieve our goal of increasing investor returns.
Investment Decisions — The advisor’s investment department, under the oversight of its chief investment officer, is primarily responsible for evaluating, negotiating and structuring potential investment opportunities for the CPA® REITs and WPC. Before an investment is made, the transaction is reviewed by the advisor’s investment committee, except under the limited circumstances described below. The investment committee is not directly involved in originating or negotiating potential investments but instead functions as a separate and final step in the acquisition process. The advisor places special emphasis on having experienced individuals serve on its investment committee. The advisor will not invest in a transaction on our behalf unless it is approved by the investment committee, except that investments with a total purchase price of $10.0 million or less may be approved by either the chairman of the investment committee or the advisor’s chief investment officer (up to, in the case of investments other than long-term net leases, a cap of $30.0 million or 5% of our NAV, whichever is greater, provided that such investments may not have a credit rating of less than BBB-). For transactions that meet the investment criteria of more than one CPA® REIT, the chief investment officer has discretion to allocate the investment to or among the CPA® REITs. In cases where two or more CPA® REITs (or one or more of the CPA® REITs and the advisor) will hold the investment, a majority of the independent directors of each CPA® REIT investing in the property must also approve the transaction.
The following people currently serve on the investment committee:
    Nathaniel S. Coolidge, Chairman — Former senior vice president and head of the bond and corporate finance department of John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance (currently known as John Hancock Life Insurance Company). Mr. Coolidge’s responsibilities included overseeing its entire portfolio of fixed income investments.
    Axel K.A. Hansing — Currently serving as a senior partner at Coller Capital, Ltd., a global leader in the private equity secondary market, and responsible for investment activity in parts of Europe, Turkey and South Africa.
    Frank J. Hoenemeyer — Former vice chairman and chief investment officer of the Prudential Insurance Company of America. As chief investment officer, he was responsible for all of Prudential Insurance Company of America’s investments including stocks, bonds and real estate.
    Jean Hoysradt — Currently serving as the chief investment officer of Mousse Partners Limited, an investment office based in New York.
    Dr. Lawrence R. Klein — Currently serving as professor emeritus of economics and finance at the University of Pennsylvania and its Wharton School. Recipient of the 1980 Nobel Prize in economic sciences and former consultant to both the Federal Reserve Board and the President’s Council of Economic Advisors.
    Richard C. Marston — Currently the James R.F. Guy professor of economics and finance at the University of Pennsylvania and its Wharton School.
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    Nick J.M. van Ommen — Former chief executive officer of the European Public Real Estate Association (EPRA), currently serves on the supervisory boards of several companies, including Babis Vovos International Construction SA, a listed real estate company in Greece, Intervest Retail and Intervest Offices, listed real estate companies in Belgium, BUWOG / ESG, a residential leasing and development company in Austria and IMMOFINANZ, a listed real estate company in Austria.
    Dr. Karsten von Köller — Currently chairman of Lone Star Germany GMBH, a U.S. private equity firm (“Lone Star”), Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Düsseldorfer Hypothekenbank AG, a subsidiary of Lone Star, and Vice Chairman of the Supervisory Boards of IKB Deutsche Industriebank AG, Corealcredit Bank AG and MHB Bank AG.
The advisor is required to use its best efforts to present a continuing and suitable investment program to us but is not required to present to us any particular investment opportunity, even if it is of a character that, if presented, could be taken by us.
Segments
We operate in one industry segment, real estate ownership with domestic and foreign investments. For 2010, Hellweg Die Profi-Baumarkte GmbH & Co. KG (“Hellweg 2”) represented 19% of our total lease revenues, inclusive of noncontrolling interest.
NYT Real Estate Company, LLC is the tenant of a property pursuant to a net lease with our subsidiary, 620 Eighth NYT (NY) Limited Partnership, which was deemed to be a material equity investment for the year ended at December 31, 2009. Separate summarized combined financial information of 620 Eighth NYT (NY) Limited Partnership and 620 Eighth Lender NYT (NY) Limited Partnership is included in Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements in this Report.
Competition
We face active competition from many sources for investment opportunities in commercial properties net leased to major corporations both domestically and internationally. In general, we believe the advisor’s experience in real estate, credit underwriting and transaction structuring should allow us to compete effectively for commercial properties. However, competitors may be willing to accept rates of returns, lease terms, other transaction terms or levels of risk that we may find unacceptable.
Environmental Matters
Our properties generally are or have been used for commercial purposes, including industrial, manufacturing and commercial properties. Under various federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations, current and former owners and operators of property may have liability for the cost of investigating, cleaning up or disposing of hazardous materials released at, on, under, in or from the property. These laws typically impose responsibility and liability without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of or was responsible for the presence of hazardous materials or contamination, and liability under these laws is often joint and several. Third parties may also make claims against owners or operators of properties for personal injuries and property damage associated with releases of hazardous materials. As part of our efforts to mitigate these risks, we typically engage third parties to perform assessments of potential environmental risks when evaluating a new acquisition of property, and we frequently obtain contractual protection (indemnities, cash reserves, letters of credit or other instruments) from property sellers, tenants, a tenant’s parent company or another third party to address known or potential environmental issues.
Transactions with Affiliates
We enter into transactions with our affiliates, including the other CPA® REITs and our advisor or its affiliates, if we believe that doing so is consistent with our investment objectives and we comply with our investment policies and procedures. These transactions typically take the form of jointly-owned ventures, direct purchases of assets, mergers or another type of transaction.
As discussed in Item 1, Significant Developments during 2010, on December 13, 2010, we and CPA®:14 entered into a definitive agreement regarding the Proposed Merger, pursuant to which CPA®:14 will merge with and into one of our subsidiaries, subject to the approval of the shareholders of CPA®:14. The closing of the Proposed Merger is also subject to customary closing conditions, as well as the closing of the Asset Sales. The Asset Sales are contingent upon the satisfaction of all the closing conditions regarding the Proposed Merger.
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Types of Investments
Substantially all of our investments to date are and will continue to be income-producing properties which are, upon acquisition, improved or being developed or which will be developed within a reasonable period of time after their acquisition. These investments have primarily been through sale-leaseback transactions, in which we invest in properties from companies that simultaneously lease the properties back from us subject to long-term leases. We have also invested in domestic hotel properties. Investments are not restricted as to geographical areas.
Other Investments — We may invest up to 10% of our net equity in unimproved or non-income-producing real property and in “equity interests.” Investment in equity interests in the aggregate will not exceed five percent of our net equity. Such “equity interests” are defined generally to mean stock, warrants or other rights to purchase the stock of, or other interests in, a tenant of a property, an entity to which we lend money or a parent or controlling person of a borrower or tenant. We may invest in unimproved or non-income-producing property that the advisor believes will appreciate in value or increase the value of adjoining or neighboring properties we own. There can be no assurance that these expectations will be realized. Often, equity interests will be “restricted securities,” as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), which means that the securities have not been registered with the SEC and are subject to restrictions on sale or transfer. Under this rule, we may be prohibited from reselling the equity securities until we have fully paid for and held the securities for a period between six months to one year. It is possible that the issuer of equity interests in which we invest may never register the interests under the Securities Act. Whether an issuer registers its securities under the Securities Act may depend on many factors, including the success of its operations.
We will exercise warrants or other rights to purchase stock generally if the value of the stock at the time the rights are exercised exceeds the exercise price. Payment of the exercise price will not be deemed an investment subject to the above described limitations. We may borrow funds to pay the exercise price on warrants or other rights or may pay the exercise price from funds held for working capital and then repay the loan or replenish the working capital upon the sale of the securities or interests purchased. We will not consider paying distributions out of the proceeds of the sale of these interests until any funds borrowed to purchase the interest have been fully repaid.
We will not invest in real estate contracts of sale unless the contracts are in recordable form and are appropriately recorded in the applicable chain of title.
Cash resources will be invested in permitted temporary investments, which include short-term U.S. Government securities, bank certificates of deposit and other short-term liquid investments. To maintain our REIT qualification, we also may invest in securities that qualify as “real estate assets” and produce qualifying income under the REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. Any investments in other REITs in which the advisor or any director is an affiliate must be approved as being fair and reasonable by a majority of the directors (which must include a majority of the independent directors) who are not otherwise interested in the transaction.
If at any time the character of our investments would cause us to be deemed an “investment company” for purposes of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Investment Company Act”), we will take the necessary action to ensure that we are not deemed to be an investment company. The advisor will continually review our investment activity, including monitoring the proportion of our portfolio that is placed in various investments, to attempt to ensure that we do not come within the application of the Investment Company Act.
Our reserves, if any, will be invested in permitted temporary investments. The advisor will evaluate the relative risks and rate of return, our cash needs and other appropriate considerations when making short-term investments on our behalf. The rate of return of permitted temporary investments may be less than would be obtainable from real estate investments.
(d) Financial Information About Geographic Areas
See Our Portfolio above and Note 17 of the consolidated financial statements for financial information pertaining to our geographic operations.
(e) Available Information
All filings we make with the SEC, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and our current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports, are available for free on our website, http://www.cpa16.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are filed or furnished to the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to be read or copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Information regarding the operation of the Public Reference Room can be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our filings can also be obtained for free on the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov. We are providing our website address solely for the information of investors. We do not intend our website to be an active link or to otherwise incorporate the information contained on our website into this report or other filings with the SEC.
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We will supply to any shareholder, upon written request and without charge, a copy of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 as filed with the SEC.
Item 1A.   Risk Factors.
Our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay distributions at the current rate could be materially adversely affected by various risks and uncertainties, including the conditions below. These risk factors may have affected, and in the future could affect, our actual operating and financial results and could cause such results to differ materially from our expectations as expressed in any forward-looking statements. You should not consider this list exhaustive. New risk factors emerge periodically, and we cannot assure you that the factors described below list all risks that may become material to us at any later time.
The recent financial and economic crisis adversely affected our business, and the continued uncertainty in the global economic environment may adversely affect our business in the future.
Although we have seen signs of modest improvement in the global economy following the significant distress in 2008 and 2009, the economic recovery remains weak, and our business is still dependent on the speed and strength of that recovery, which cannot be predicted at the present time. To date, its effects on our business have primarily been that a number of tenants have experienced increased levels of financial distress, with several having filed for bankruptcy protection, although our experience in 2010 reflected an improvement from 2008 and 2009.
Depending on the strength of the recovery, we could in the future experience a number of additional effects on our business, including higher levels of default in the payment of rent by our tenants, additional bankruptcies and impairments in the value of our property investments, as well as difficulties in refinancing existing loans as they come due. Any of these conditions may negatively affect our earnings, as well as our cash flow and, consequently, our ability to sustain the payment of dividends at current levels.
We are subject to the risks of real estate ownership, which could reduce the value of our properties.
Our performance and asset value are subject, in part, to risks incident to the ownership and operation of real estate, including:
    changes in the general economic climate;
    changes in local conditions such as an oversupply of space or reduction in demand for commercial real estate;
    changes in interest rates and the availability of financing; and
    changes in laws and governmental regulations, including those governing real estate usage, zoning and taxes.
International investments involve additional risks.
We have invested in and may continue to invest in properties located outside the U.S. At December 31, 2010, our directly owned real estate properties located outside of the U.S. represented 41% of current annualized contractual minimum base rent. These investments may be affected by factors particular to the laws of the jurisdiction in which the property is located. These investments may expose us to risks that are different from and in addition to those commonly found in the U.S., including:
    changing governmental rules and policies;
    enactment of laws relating to the foreign ownership of property and laws relating to the ability of foreign entities to remove invested capital or profits earned from activities within the country to the U.S.;
    expropriation;
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    legal systems under which the ability to enforce contractual rights and remedies may be more limited than would be the case under U.S. law;
    the difficulty in conforming obligations in other countries and the burden of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws, which may be more stringent than U.S. laws, including tax requirements and land use, zoning, and environmental laws, as well as changes in such laws;
    adverse market conditions caused by changes in national or local economic or political conditions;
 
    changes in relative interest rates;
    changes in the availability, cost and terms of mortgage funds resulting from varying national economic policies;
    restrictions and/or significant costs in repatriating cash and cash equivalents held in foreign bank accounts; and
    changes in real estate and other tax rates and other operating expenses in particular countries.
In addition, the lack of publicly available information in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) could impair our ability to analyze transactions and may cause us to forego an investment opportunity. It may also impair our ability to receive timely and accurate financial information from tenants necessary to meet our reporting obligations to financial institutions or governmental or regulatory agencies. Certain of these risks may be greater in emerging markets and less developed countries. The advisor’s expertise to date is primarily in the U.S. and Europe, and the advisor has little or no expertise in other international markets. The advisor may not be as familiar with the potential risks to our investments outside the U.S. and Europe and we may incur losses as a result.
Also, we may rely on third-party asset managers in international jurisdictions to monitor compliance with legal requirements and lending agreements with respect to our properties. Failure to comply with applicable requirements may expose us or our operating subsidiaries to additional liabilities.
Moreover, we are subject to foreign currency risk due to potential fluctuations in exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. Our principal currency exposure is to the Euro. We are also currently exposed to the British Pound Sterling, the Swedish krona, Canadian dollar, Thai baht and Malaysian ringgit. We attempt to mitigate a portion of the risk of currency fluctuation by financing our properties in the local currency denominations, although there can be no assurance that this will be effective. Because we generally place both our debt obligation to the lender and the tenant’s rental obligation to us in the same currency, our results of foreign operations benefit from a weaker U.S. dollar and are adversely affected by a stronger U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies; that is, a weaker U.S. dollar will tend to increase both our revenues and our expenses, while a stronger U.S. dollar will tend to reduce both our revenues and our expenses.
We are not required to meet any diversification standards; therefore, our investments may become subject to concentration of risk.
Subject to our intention to maintain our qualification as a REIT, there are no limitations on the number or value of particular types of investments that we may make. Although we attempt to do so, we are not required to meet any diversification standards, including geographic diversification standards. Therefore, our investments may become concentrated in type or geographic location, which could subject us to significant concentration of risk with potentially adverse effects on our investment objectives.
We may have difficulty selling or re-leasing our properties.
Real estate investments generally lack liquidity compared to other financial assets, and this lack of liquidity will limit our ability to quickly change our portfolio in response to changes in economic or other conditions. The triple-net leases we own, enter into, or acquire may be for properties that are specially suited to the particular needs of the tenant. With these properties, if the current lease is terminated or not renewed, we may be required to renovate the property or to make rent concessions in order to lease the property to another tenant. In addition, if we are forced to sell the property, we may have difficulty selling it to a party other than the tenant due to the special purpose for which the property may have been designed. These and other limitations may affect our ability to sell or re-lease properties without adversely affecting returns to our shareholders. See Item 1 — Business — Our Portfolio for scheduled lease expirations.
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We have recognized, and may in the future recognize, substantial impairment charges on our properties.
We have incurred, and may in the future incur, substantial impairment charges, which we are required to recognize whenever we sell a property for less than its carrying value or we determine that the property has experienced a decline in its carrying value (or, for direct financing leases, that the unguaranteed residual value of the underlying property has declined). By their nature, the timing and extent of impairment charges are not predictable. Impairment charges reduce our net income, although they do not necessarily affect our cash flow from operations.
The inability of a tenant in a single tenant property to pay rent will reduce our revenues and increase our expenses.
Most of our properties are occupied by a single tenant, and therefore the success of our investments is materially dependent on the financial stability of these tenants. Our five largest tenants/guarantors represented approximately 36%, 36% and 33% of total lease revenues in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Lease payment defaults by tenants could cause us to reduce the amount of distributions to our shareholders. A default of a tenant on its lease payment to us could cause us to lose the revenue from the property and cause us to have to find an alternative source of revenue to meet any mortgage payment and prevent foreclosure if the property is subject to a mortgage. In the event of a default, we may experience delays in enforcing our rights as landlord and may incur substantial costs in protecting our investment and re-leasing our property. If a lease is terminated, there is no assurance that we will be able to re-lease the property for the rent previously received or sell the property without incurring a loss.
The bankruptcy or insolvency of tenants or borrowers may cause a reduction in revenue.
Bankruptcy or insolvency of a tenant or borrower could cause:
    the loss of lease or interest payments;
    an increase in the costs incurred to carry the property;
    litigation;
    a reduction in the value of our shares; and
    a decrease in distributions to our shareholders.
Under U.S. bankruptcy law, a tenant who is the subject of bankruptcy proceedings has the option of assuming or rejecting any unexpired lease. If the tenant rejects the lease, any resulting claim we have for breach of the lease (excluding collateral securing the claim) will be treated as a general unsecured claim. The maximum claim will be capped at the amount owed for unpaid rent prior to the bankruptcy unrelated to the termination, plus the greater of one year’s lease payments or 15% of the remaining lease payments payable under the lease (but no more than three years’ lease payments). In addition, due to the long-term nature of our leases and, in some cases, terms providing for the repurchase of a property by the tenant, a bankruptcy court could recharacterize a net lease transaction as a secured lending transaction. If that were to occur, we would not be treated as the owner of the property, but we might have rights as a secured creditor. Those rights would not include a right to compel the tenant to timely perform its obligations under the lease but may instead entitle us to “adequate protection,” a bankruptcy concept that applies to protect against a decrease in the value of the property if the value of the property is less than the balance owed to us.
Insolvency laws outside of the U.S. may not be as favorable to reorganization or to the protection of a debtor’s rights as tenants under a lease as are the laws in the U.S. Our rights to terminate a lease for default may be more likely to be enforceable in countries other than the U.S., in which a debtor/ tenant or its insolvency representative may be less likely to have rights to force continuation of a lease without our consent. Nonetheless, such laws may permit a tenant or an appointed insolvency representative to terminate a lease if it so chooses.
However, in circumstances where the bankruptcy laws of the U.S. are considered to be more favorable to debtors and to their reorganization, entities that are not ordinarily perceived as U.S. entities may seek to take advantage of the U.S. bankruptcy laws if they are eligible. An entity would be eligible to be a debtor under the U.S. bankruptcy laws if it had a domicile (state of incorporation or registration), place of business or assets in the U.S. If a tenant became a debtor under the U.S. bankruptcy laws, then it would have the option of assuming or rejecting any unexpired lease. As a general matter, after the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings and prior to assumption or rejection of an expired lease, U.S. bankruptcy laws provide that until an unexpired lease is assumed or rejected, the tenant (or its trustee if one has been appointed) must timely perform obligations of the tenant under the lease. However, under certain circumstances, the time period for performance of such obligations may be extended by an order of the bankruptcy court.
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We and the other CPA® REITs managed by the advisor have had tenants file for bankruptcy protection and are involved in bankruptcy-related litigation (including several international tenants). Four prior CPA® REITs reduced the rate of distributions to their investors as a result of adverse developments involving tenants.
Similarly, if a borrower under one of our loan transactions declares bankruptcy, there may not be sufficient funds to satisfy its payment obligations to us, which may adversely affect our revenue and distributions to our shareholders. The mortgage loans in which we may invest and the mortgage loans underlying the mortgage-backed securities in which we may invest may be subject to delinquency, foreclosure and loss, which could result in losses to us.
Our distributions may exceed our adjusted cash flow from operating activities and our earnings in accordance with GAAP.
Over the life of our company, the regular quarterly cash distributions we pay are expected to be principally sourced by adjusted cash flow from operating activities. Adjusted cash flow from operating activities represents GAAP cash flow from operating activities, adjusted primarily to reflect timing differences between the period an expense is incurred and paid, to add cash distributions we receive from equity investments in real estate in excess of equity income and to subtract cash distributions we pay to our noncontrolling partners in real estate joint ventures that we consolidate. However, there can be no assurance that our adjusted cash flow from operating activities will be sufficient to cover our future distributions, and we may use other sources of funds, such as proceeds from borrowings and asset sales, to fund portions of our future distributions. In addition, our distributions in 2009 exceeded, and future distributions may exceed, our GAAP earnings primarily because our GAAP earnings are affected by non-cash charges such as depreciation and impairments.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, portions of the distributions we make may represent return of capital to our shareholders if they exceed our earnings and profits.
We do not fully control the management for our properties.
The tenants or managers of net lease properties are responsible for maintenance and other day-to-day management of the properties. If a property is not adequately maintained in accordance with the terms of the applicable lease, we may incur expenses for deferred maintenance expenditures or other liabilities once the property becomes free of the lease. While our leases generally provide for recourse against the tenant in these instances, a bankrupt or financially troubled tenant may be more likely to defer maintenance and it may be more difficult to enforce remedies against such a tenant. In addition, to the extent tenants are unable to conduct their operation of the property on a financially successful basis, their ability to pay rent may be adversely affected. Although we endeavor to monitor, on an ongoing basis, compliance by tenants with their lease obligations and other factors that could affect the financial performance of our properties, such monitoring may not in all circumstances ascertain or forestall deterioration either in the condition of a property or the financial circumstances of a tenant.
Our leases may permit tenants to purchase a property at a predetermined price, which could limit our realization of any appreciation or result in a loss.
In some circumstances, we grant tenants a right to repurchase the property they lease from us. The purchase price may be a fixed price or it may be based on a formula or the market value at the time of exercise. If a tenant exercises its right to purchase the property and the property’s market value has increased beyond that price, we could be limited in fully realizing the appreciation on that property. Additionally, if the price at which the tenant can purchase the property is less than our purchase price or carrying value (for example, where the purchase price is based on an appraised value), we may incur a loss.
Our success is dependent on the performance of the advisor.
Our ability to achieve our investment objectives and to pay distributions is largely dependent upon the performance of the advisor in the acquisition of investments, the selection of tenants, the determination of any financing arrangements, and the management of our assets. The advisory agreement has a one year term and may be renewed at our option upon expiration. The past performance of partnerships and CPA® REITs managed by the advisor may not be indicative of the advisor’s performance with respect to us. We cannot guarantee that the advisor will be able to successfully manage and achieve liquidity for our shareholders to the same extent that it has done so for prior programs.
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The advisor may be subject to conflicts of interest.
The advisor manages our business and selects our investments. The advisor has some conflicts of interest in its management of us, which arise primarily from the involvement of the advisor in other activities that may conflict with us and the payment of fees by us to the advisor. Unless the advisor elects to receive our common stock in lieu of cash compensation, we will pay the advisor substantial cash fees for the services it provides, which will reduce the amount of cash available for investment in properties or distribution to our shareholders. Circumstances under which a conflict could arise between us and the advisor include:
    the receipt of compensation by the advisor for property purchases, leases, sales and financing for us, which may cause the advisor to engage in transactions that generate higher fees, rather than transactions that are more appropriate or beneficial for our business;
    agreements between us and the advisor, including agreements regarding compensation, will not be negotiated on an arm’s- length basis as would occur if the agreements were with unaffiliated third parties;
    acquisitions of single properties or portfolios of properties from affiliates, including the CPA® REITs, subject to our investment policies and procedures, which may take the form of a direct purchase of assets, a merger or another type of transaction;
    competition with certain affiliates for property acquisitions, which may cause the advisor and its affiliates to direct properties suitable for us to other related entities;
    a decision by the advisor (on our behalf) of whether to hold or sell a property could impact the timing and amount of fees payable to the advisor because it receives asset management fees and may decide not to sell a property;
    disposition, incentive and termination fees, which are based on the sale price of properties or the terms of a liquidity transaction, may cause a conflict between the advisor’s desire to sell a property or engage in a liquidity transaction and our interests; and
    whether a particular entity has been formed by the advisor specifically for the purpose of making particular types of investments (in which case it will generally receive preference in the allocation of those types of investments).
We delegate our management functions to the advisor.
We delegate our management functions to the advisor, for which it earns fees pursuant to an advisory agreement. Although at least a majority of our board of directors must be independent, because the advisor earns fees from us and has an ownership interest in us, we have limited independence from the advisor.
The termination or replacement of the advisor could trigger a default or repayment event under our financing arrangements for some of our assets.
Lenders for certain of our assets typically request change of control provisions in the loan documentation that would make the termination or replacement of WPC or its affiliates as the advisor an event of default or an event requiring the immediate repayment of the full outstanding balance of the loan. While we will attempt to negotiate not to include such provisions, lenders may require such provisions. If an event of default or repayment event occurs with respect to any of our assets, our revenues and distributions to our shareholders may be adversely affected.
Our NAV is computed by the advisor relying in part on information that the advisor provides to a third party.
The asset management and performance compensation paid to the advisor are based on our NAV, which is computed by the advisor relying in part upon an annual third-party valuation of our real estate. Any valuation includes the use of estimates and our valuation may be influenced by the information provided by the advisor. Because NAV is an estimate and can change as interest rate and real estate markets fluctuate, there is no assurance that a shareholder will realize NAV in connection with any liquidity event.
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Valuations that we obtain may include leases in place on the property being appraised, and if the leases terminate, the value of the property may become significantly lower.
The valuations that we obtain on our properties may be based on the values of the properties when the properties are leased. If the leases on the properties terminate, the values of the properties may fall significantly below the appraised value.
We are not required to meet any diversification standards; therefore, our investments may become subject to concentration of risk.
Subject to our intention to maintain our qualification as a REIT, there are no limitations on the number or value of particular types of investments that we may make. Although we attempt to do so, we are not required to meet any diversification standards, including geographic diversification standards. Therefore, our investments may become concentrated in type or geographic location, which could subject us to significant concentration of risk with potentially adverse effects on our investment objectives.
Our use of debt to finance investments could adversely affect our cash flow and distributions to shareholders.
Most of our investments have been made by borrowing a portion of the purchase price of our investments and securing the loan with a mortgage on the property. We generally borrow on a non-recourse basis to limit our exposure on any property to the amount of equity invested in the property. However, if we are unable to make our debt payments as required, a lender could foreclose on the property or properties securing its debt. Additionally, lenders for our international mortgage loan transactions typically incorporate provisions that can cause a loan default and over which we have limited control, including a loan to value ratio, a debt service coverage ratio and a material adverse change in the borrower’s or tenant’s business, so if real estate values decline or a tenant defaults, the lender would have the right to foreclose on its security. If any of these events were to occur, it could cause us to lose part or all of our investment, which in turn could cause the value of our portfolio, and revenues available for distributions to our shareholders, to be reduced.
A majority of our financing also requires us to make a lump-sum or “balloon” payment at maturity. Our ability to make any balloon payments on debt will depend upon our ability either to refinance the obligation when due, invest additional equity in the property or sell the property. When the balloon payment is due, we may be unable to refinance the balloon payment on terms as favorable as the original loan or sell the property at a price sufficient to make the balloon payment. Our ability to accomplish these goals will be affected by various factors existing at the relevant time, such as the state of the national and regional economies, local real estate conditions, available mortgage rates, our equity in the mortgaged properties, our financial condition, the operating history of the mortgaged properties and tax laws. A refinancing or sale could affect the rate of return to shareholders and the projected time of disposition of our assets.
Mortgage loans in which we may invest may be subject to delinquency, foreclosure and loss, which could result in losses to us.
The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by an income-producing property typically is dependent primarily upon the successful operation of the property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income of the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Net operating income of an income-producing property can be affected by the risks particular to real property described above, as well as, among other things:
    tenant mix;
    success of tenant businesses;
    property management decisions;
    property location and condition;
    competition from comparable types of properties;
    changes in specific industry segments;
    declines in regional or local real estate values, or rental or occupancy rates; and
    increases in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses.
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In the event of any default under a mortgage loan held directly by us, we will bear a risk of loss of principal to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan, which could have a material adverse effect on our ability to achieve our investment objectives, including, without limitation, diversification of our commercial real estate properties portfolio by property type and location, moderate financial leverage, low to moderate operating risk and an attractive level of current income. In the event of the bankruptcy of a mortgage loan borrower, the mortgage loan to that borrower will be deemed to be secured only to the extent of the value of the underlying collateral at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the bankruptcy court), and the lien securing the mortgage loan will be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent the lien is unenforceable under state law. Foreclosure of a mortgage loan can be an expensive and lengthy process that could have a substantial negative effect on our anticipated return on the foreclosed mortgage loan.
Loans collateralized by non-real estate assets create additional risk and may adversely affect our REIT qualification.
We may in the future invest in secured corporate loans, which are loans collateralized by real property, personal property connected to real property (i.e., fixtures) and/or personal property, on which another lender may hold a first priority lien. If a default occurs, the value of the collateral may not be sufficient to repay all of the lenders that have an interest in the collateral. Our right in bankruptcy will be different for these loans than typical net lease transactions. To the extent that loans are collateralized by personal property only, or to the extent the value of the real estate collateral is less than the aggregate amount of our loans and equal or higher-priority loans secured by the real estate collateral, that portion of the loan will not be considered a “real estate asset,” for purposes of the 75% REIT asset test. Also, income from that portion of such a loan will not qualify under the 75% REIT income test for REIT qualification.
Failure to qualify as a REIT would adversely affect our operations and ability to make distributions.
If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we would be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our net taxable income at corporate rates. In addition, we would generally be disqualified from treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year we lose our REIT qualification. Losing our REIT qualification would reduce our net earnings available for investment or distribution to shareholders because of the additional tax liability, and we would no longer be required to make distributions. We might be required to borrow funds or liquidate some investments in order to pay the applicable tax.
Qualification as a REIT involves the application of highly technical and complex Internal Revenue Code provisions for which there are only limited judicial and administrative interpretations. The determination of various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our control may affect our ability to qualify as a REIT. In order to qualify as a REIT, we must satisfy a number of requirements regarding the composition of our assets and the sources of our gross income. Also, we must make distributions to our shareholders aggregating annually at least 90% of our net taxable income, excluding net capital gains. Because we have investments in foreign real property, we are subject to foreign currency gains and losses. Foreign currency gains are qualifying income for purposes of the REIT income requirements provided that the underlying income satisfies the REIT income requirements. To reduce the risk of foreign currency gains adversely affecting our REIT qualification, we may be required to defer the repatriation of cash from foreign jurisdictions or to employ other structures that could affect the timing, character or amount of income we receive from our foreign investments. No assurance can be given that we will be able to manage our foreign currency gains in a manner that enables us to qualify as a REIT or to avoid U.S. federal and other taxes on our income. In addition, legislation, new regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions may adversely affect our investors, our ability to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes or the desirability of an investment in a REIT relative to other investments.
The Internal Revenue Service may take the position that specific sale-leaseback transactions we treat as true leases are not true leases for U.S. federal income tax purposes but are, instead, financing arrangements or loans. If a sale-leaseback transaction were so recharacterized, we might fail to satisfy the qualification requirements applicable to REITs.
We may elect to treat one or more of our corporate subsidiaries as a taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”). In general, a TRS may perform additional services for our tenants and generally may engage in any real estate or non-real estate related business (except for the operation or management of health care facilities or lodging facilities or providing to any person, under a franchise, license or otherwise, rights to any brand name under which any lodging facility or health care facility is operated). A TRS is subject to corporate federal income tax. We have elected to treat two of our corporate subsidiaries as TRSs.
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We do not operate our hotels and, as a result, we do not have complete control over implementation of our strategic decisions.
In order for us to satisfy certain REIT qualification rules, we cannot directly operate any of our hotels. Instead, we must engage an independent management company to operate our hotels. Our TRSs engage independent management companies as the property managers for our hotels, as required by the REIT qualification rules. The management companies operating our hotels make and implement strategic business decisions with respect to these hotels, such as decisions with respect to the repositioning of a franchise or food and beverage operations and other similar decisions. Decisions made by the management companies operating the hotels may not be in the best interests of a particular hotel or of our company. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that the management companies operating our hotels will operate them in a manner that is in our best interests.
Dividends payable by REITs generally do not qualify for reduced U.S. federal income tax rates because qualifying REITs do not pay U.S. federal income tax on their net income.
The maximum U.S. federal income tax rate for dividends payable by domestic corporations to taxable U.S. shareholders is 15%. Dividends payable by REITs, however, are generally not eligible for the reduced rates, except to the extent that they are attributable to dividends paid by a taxable REIT subsidiary or a C corporation or relate to certain other activities. This is because qualifying REITs receive an entity level tax benefit from not having to pay U.S. federal income tax on their net income. As a result, the more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate dividends could cause shareholders who are individuals to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect the value of the stock of REITs, including our common stock. In addition, the relative attractiveness of real estate in general may be adversely affected by the reduced U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to corporate dividends, which could negatively affect the value of our properties.
The ability of our board of directors to change our investment policies or revoke our REIT election without shareholder approval may cause adverse consequences to our shareholders.
Our bylaws require that our independent directors review our investment policies at least annually to determine that the policies we are following are in the best interest of our shareholders. These policies may change over time. The methods of implementing our investment policies may also vary as new investment techniques are developed. Except as otherwise provided in our bylaws, our investment policies, the methods for their implementation, and our other objectives, policies and procedures may be altered by a majority of the directors (which must include a majority of the independent directors), without the approval of our shareholders. As a result, the nature of your investment could change without your consent. A change in our investment strategy may, among other things, increase our exposure to interest rate risk, default risk and commercial real property market fluctuations, all of which could materially adversely affect our ability to achieve our investment objectives.
In addition, our organizational documents permit our board of directors to revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election, without the approval of our shareholders, if the board determines that it is not in our best interest to qualify as a REIT. In such a case, we would become subject to U.S. federal income tax on our net taxable income and we would no longer be required to distribute most of our net taxable income to our shareholders, which may have adverse consequences on the total return to our shareholders.
Potential liability for environmental matters could adversely affect our financial condition.
We have invested and in the future may invest in properties historically used for industrial, manufacturing and other commercial purposes. We therefore own and may in the future acquire properties that have known or potential environmental contamination as a result of historical operations. Buildings and structures on the properties we own and purchase also may have known or suspected asbestos-containing building materials. Our properties currently are used for industrial, manufacturing, and other commercial purposes, and some of our tenants may handle hazardous or toxic substances, generate hazardous wastes, or discharge regulated pollutants to the environment. We may invest in properties located in countries that have adopted laws or observe environmental management standards that are less stringent than those generally followed in the U.S., which may pose a greater risk that releases of hazardous or toxic substances have occurred to the environment. Leasing properties to tenants that engage in these activities, and owning properties historically and currently used for industrial, manufacturing, and other commercial purposes, will cause us to be subject to the risk of liabilities under environmental laws. Some of these laws could impose the following on us:
    responsibility and liability for the cost of investigation, removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances released on or from our property, generally without regard to our knowledge of, or responsibility for, the presence of these contaminants;
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    liability for claims by third parties based on damages to natural resources or property, personal injuries, or costs of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances in, on, or migrating from our property; and
    responsibility for managing asbestos-containing building materials, and third-party claims for exposure to those materials.
Our costs of investigation, remediation or removal of hazardous or toxic substances, or for third-party claims for damages, may be substantial. The presence of hazardous or toxic substances at any of our properties, or the failure to properly remediate a contaminated property, could give rise to a lien in favor of the government for costs it may incur to address the contamination or otherwise adversely affect our ability to sell or lease the property or to borrow using the property as collateral. While we attempt to mitigate identified environmental risks by requiring tenants contractually to acknowledge their responsibility for complying with environmental laws and to assume liability for environmental matters, circumstances may arise in which a tenant fails, or is unable, to fulfill its contractual obligations. In addition, environmental liabilities, or costs or operating limitations imposed on a tenant to comply with environmental laws, could affect its ability to make rental payments to us.
The returns on our investments in net leased properties may not be as great as returns on equity investments in real properties during strong real estate markets.
As an investor in single tenant, long-term net leased properties, the returns on our investments are based primarily on the terms of the lease. Payments to us under our leases do not rise and fall based upon the market value of the underlying properties. In addition, we generally lease each property to one tenant on a long-term basis, which means that we cannot seek to improve current returns at a particular property through an active, multi-tenant leasing strategy. While we will sell assets from time to time and may recognize gains or losses on the sales based on then-current market values, we generally intend to hold our properties on a long-term basis. We view our leases as fixed income investments through which we seek to achieve attractive risk-adjusted returns that will support a steady dividend. The value of our assets will likely not appreciate to the same extent as equity investments in real estate during periods when real estate markets are very strong. Conversely, in weak markets, the existence of a long-term lease may positively affect the value of the property, although it is nonetheless possible that, as a result of property declines generally, we may recognize impairment charges on some properties.
A potential change in U.S. accounting standards regarding operating leases may make the leasing of facilities less attractive to our potential domestic tenants, which could reduce overall demand for our leasing services.
Under current authoritative accounting guidance for leases, a lease is classified by a tenant as a capital lease if the significant risks and rewards of ownership are considered to reside with the tenant. This situation is considered to be met if, among other things, the non-cancellable lease term is more than 75% of the useful life of the asset or if the present value of the minimum lease payments equals 90% or more of the leased property’s fair value. Under capital lease accounting for a tenant, both the leased asset and liability are reflected on their balance sheet. If the lease does not meet any of the criteria for a capital lease, the lease is considered an operating lease by the tenant and the obligation does not appear on the tenant’s balance sheet; rather, the contractual future minimum payment obligations are only disclosed in the footnotes thereto. Thus, entering into an operating lease can appear to enhance a tenant’s balance sheet in comparison to direct ownership. In response to concerns caused by a 2005 SEC study that the current model does not have sufficient transparency, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) and the International Accounting Standards Board conducted a joint project to re-evaluate lease accounting. In August 2010, the FASB issued a Proposed Accounting Standards Update titled “Leases,” providing its views on accounting for leases by both lessees and lessors. The FASB’s proposed guidance may require significant changes in how leases are accounted for by both lessees and lessors. As of the date of this Report, the FASB has not finalized its views on accounting for leases. Changes to the accounting guidance could affect both our accounting for leases as well as that of our tenants. These changes may affect how the real estate leasing business is conducted both domestically and internationally. For example, if the accounting standards regarding the financial statement classification of operating leases are revised, then companies may be less willing to enter into leases in general or desire to enter into leases with shorter terms because the apparent benefits to their balance sheets could be reduced or eliminated. This in turn could make it more difficult for us to enter leases on terms we find favorable.
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Our net tangible book value may be adversely affected if we are required to adopt certain fair value accounting provisions.
In June 2007, the Accounting Standards Executive Committee of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”) issued accounting guidance that addresses when the accounting principles of the AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide “Investment Companies” must be applied by an entity and whether investment company accounting must be retained by a parent company in consolidation or by an investor in the application of the equity method of accounting. In addition, this guidance includes certain disclosure requirements for parent companies and equity method investors in investment companies that retain investment company accounting in the parent company’s consolidated financial statements or the financial statements of an equity method investor. In February 2008, the effective date of this guidance was indefinitely delayed, and adoption of the guidance was prohibited for any entity that had not previously adopted it. Additionally, in its investment properties project, the FASB is currently considering whether certain entities should measure investment property at fair value. As currently proposed, an entity would need to meet certain criteria related to its business purpose, activities, and capital structure to be within the scope of the guidance. Entities within the scope of the guidance would report all their investment properties at fair value on a recurring basis. We will assess the potential impact the adoption of these standards would have on our financial position and results of operations if we are required to adopt them.
While we maintain an exemption from the Investment Company Act, and are therefore not regulated as an investment company, we may be required to adopt fair value accounting provisions. Under these provisions, our investments would be recorded at fair value with changes in value reflected in our earnings, which may result in significant fluctuations in our results of operations and net tangible book value. Net tangible book value per share may be reduced by any declines in the fair value of our investments.
Your investment return may be reduced if we are required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
We do not intend to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. If we were obligated to register as an investment company, we would have to comply with a variety of substantive requirements under the Investment Company Act that impose, among other things:
    limitations on capital structure;
    restrictions on specified investments;
    prohibitions on certain transactions with affiliates; and
    compliance with reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy disclosure and other rules and regulations that would significantly increase our operating expenses.
In general, we expect to be able to rely on the exemption from registration provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act. In order to qualify for this exemption, at least 55% of our portfolio must be comprised of real property and mortgages and other liens on an interest in real estate (collectively, “qualifying assets”) and at least 80% of our portfolio must be comprised of real estate-related assets. Qualifying assets include mortgage loans, mortgage-backed securities that represent the entire ownership in a pool of mortgage loans, and other interests in real estate. In order to maintain our exemption from regulation under the Investment Company Act, we must continue to engage primarily in the business of buying real estate.
To maintain compliance with the Investment Company Act exemption, we may be unable to sell assets we would otherwise want to sell and may need to sell assets we would otherwise wish to retain. In addition, we may have to acquire additional income or loss generating assets that we might not otherwise have acquired or may have to forego opportunities to acquire interests in companies that we would otherwise want to acquire and would be important to our investment strategy. If we were required to register as an investment company, we would be prohibited from engaging in our business as currently contemplated because the Investment Company Act imposes significant limitations on leverage. In addition, we would have to seek to restructure the advisory agreement because the compensation that it contemplates would not comply with the Investment Company Act. Criminal and civil actions could also be brought against us if we failed to comply with the Investment Company Act. In addition, our contracts would be unenforceable unless a court were to require enforcement, and a court could appoint a receiver to take control of us and liquidate our business.
Our board of directors has approved and recommended that our shareholders vote in favor of our Proposed Merger with CPA®:14; however, our board identified several potentially negative factors of the Proposed Merger.
If the Proposed Merger is consummated, a number of potentially negative factors may impact us, including the following:
    The average lease maturity of our portfolio will be lowered from approximately 14.0 years to 11.6 years;
    We will be more highly leveraged as a result of assuming CPA®:14’s outstanding debt and entering into a new $300.0 million senior credit facility;
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    A new tenant, Carrefour France SAS, will represent approximately 5.6% our annualized lease revenue on a pro forma basis;
    Adverse changes to CPA®:14’s portfolio subsequent to when the exchange ratio was set on September 30, 2010 could alter the value of CPA®:14’s assets but will not result in an adjustment of the fixed merger exchange ratio agreed between the parties;
    If 50% of CPA®:14 shareholders elect to receive cash in the Proposed Merger, our annual interest expense would increase by approximately $8.7 million as a result of drawing down proceeds from the new senior credit facility;
 
    If 50% or fewer of CPA®:14 shareholders elect to receive cash, the advisor might be required to purchase shares of our common stock to fund payment of such cash elections, which could result in the advisor owning approximately 14% of our outstanding common stock;
    The greater the number of CPA®:14 shareholders who elect to receive our common stock, the more dilutive the Proposed Merger will be to our adjusted funds from operations; and
    The advisor will earn significant fees and will continue to benefit from future significant asset management fees, incentive fees and termination fees, based on any appreciation in value, from the properties we acquire.
While we believe that the benefits of the Proposed Merger outweigh the potentially negative factors, if the benefits do not materialize as anticipated, the factors described above could adversely affect our results of operations, our NAV and our ability to pay future distributions.
There is not, and may never be, an active public trading market for our shares, so it will be difficult for shareholders to sell shares quickly.
There is no active public trading market for our shares. Our articles of incorporation also prohibit the ownership of more than 9.8% of our stock by one person or affiliated group, unless exempted by our board of directors, which may inhibit large investors from desiring to purchase your shares and may also discourage a takeover. Moreover, our redemption plan includes numerous restrictions that limit your ability to sell your shares to us, and our board of directors may amend, suspend or terminate the plan. Therefore, it will be difficult for you to sell your shares promptly or at all. In addition, the price received for any shares sold prior to a liquidity event is likely to be less than the proportionate value of the real estate we own. Investor suitability standards imposed by certain states may also make it more difficult to sell your shares to someone in those states.
Maryland law could restrict change in control.
Provisions of Maryland law applicable to us prohibit business combinations with:
    any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of outstanding shares, referred to as an interested shareholder;
    an affiliate who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of our outstanding shares, also referred to as an interested shareholder; or
    an affiliate of an interested shareholder.
These prohibitions last for five years after the most recent date on which the interested shareholder became an interested shareholder. Thereafter, any business combination must be recommended by our board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of at least 80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of our outstanding shares and two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of our shares other than shares held by the interested shareholder or by an affiliate or associate of the interested shareholder. These requirements could have the effect of inhibiting a change in control even if a change in control was in our shareholders’ interest. These provisions of Maryland law do not apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by our board of directors prior to the time that someone becomes an interested shareholder. In addition, a person is not an interested shareholder if the board of directors approved in advance the transaction by which he or she otherwise would have become an interested shareholder. However, in approving a transaction, the board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance at or after the time of approval, with any terms and conditions determined by the board.
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Our articles of incorporation restrict beneficial ownership of more than 9.8% of the outstanding shares by one person or affiliated group in order to assist us in meeting the REIT qualification rules. These requirements could have the effect of inhibiting a change in control even if a change in control were in our shareholders’ interest.
Shareholders’ equity interests may be diluted.
Our shareholders do not have preemptive rights to any shares of common stock issued by us in the future. Therefore, if we (i) sell shares of common stock in the future, including those issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan or in the Proposed Merger to CPA®:14 shareholders and, in certain circumstances, to WPC, (ii) sell securities that are convertible into our common stock, (iii) issue common stock in a private placement to institutional investors, or (iv) issue shares of common stock to our directors or to the advisor for payment of fees in lieu of cash, then shareholders will experience dilution of their percentage ownership in us. Depending on the terms of such transactions, most notably the offer price per share and the value of our properties and our other investments, existing shareholders might also experience a dilution in the book value per share of their investment in us.
Item 1B.   Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.
Item 2.   Properties.
Our principal corporate offices are located at 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY 10020. The advisor also has its primary international investment offices located in London and Amsterdam. The advisor also has office space domestically in Dallas, Texas and internationally in Shanghai. The advisor leases all of these offices and believes these leases are suitable for our operations for the foreseeable future.
See Item 1, Business — Our Portfolio for a discussion of the properties we hold for rental operations and Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplemental Data — Schedule III — Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation for a detailed listing of such properties.
Item 3.   Legal Proceedings.
Various claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of business are pending against us. The results of these proceedings are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Item 4.   Removed and Reserved.
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PART II
Item 5.   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Unlisted Shares and Distributions
There is no active public trading market for our shares. At March 18, 2011, there were 34,688 holders of record of our shares.
We are required to distribute annually at least 90% of our distributable REIT net taxable income to maintain our status as a REIT. Quarterly distributions declared by us for the past two years are as follows:
                 
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009  
First quarter
  $ 0.1656     $ 0.1653  
Second quarter
    0.1656       0.1656  
Third quarter
    0.1656       0.1656  
Fourth quarter
    0.1656       0.1656  
 
           
 
  $ 0.6624     $ 0.6621  
 
           
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
For the three months ended December 31, 2010, we issued 319,978 restricted shares of common stock to the advisor as consideration for performance fees. These shares were issued at $9.20 per share, which was our most recently published NAV per share as approved by our board of directors at the date of issuance. Since none of these transactions were considered to have involved a “public offering” within the meaning of Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, the shares issued were deemed to be exempt from registration. In acquiring our shares, the advisor represented that such interests were being acquired by it for the purposes of investment and not with a view to the distribution thereof.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
                                 
                            Maximum number (or  
                    Total number of shares     approximate dollar value)  
                    purchased as part of     of shares that may yet be  
    Total number of     Average price     publicly announced     purchased under the  
2010 Period   shares purchased(a)     paid per share     plans or programs(a)     plans or programs(a)  
October
                    N/A       N/A  
November
                    N/A       N/A  
December
    311,374     $ 8.18       N/A       N/A  
 
                             
Total
    311,374                          
 
                             
 
     
(a)   Represents shares of our common stock purchased by us through our redemption plan, pursuant to which we may elect to redeem shares at the request of our shareholders, subject to certain conditions and limitations. The maximum amount of shares purchasable by us in any period depends on the availability of funds generated by our dividend reinvestment and share purchase plan and other factors and is at the discretion of our board of directors. The redemption plan will terminate if and when our shares are listed on a national securities market.
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Item 6.   Selected Financial Data.
The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes in Item 8 (in thousands except per share data):
                                         
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008     2007     2006  
Operating Data (a)
                                       
Total revenues
  $ 234,759     $ 232,904     $ 231,808     $ 160,452     $ 66,748  
Income from continuing operations
    51,702       29,596       46,648       56,867       29,803  
Net income (b)
    59,238       12,959       47,360       58,598       31,970  
Add: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (4,905 )     8,050       (339 )     (6,048 )     (1,865 )
Less: Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
    (22,326 )     (23,549 )     (26,774 )     (18,346 )      
 
                             
Net income (loss) attributable to CPA®16 - Global shareholders
    32,007       (2,540 )     20,247       34,204       30,105  
 
                             
 
                                       
Earnings (loss) per share:
                                       
Income from continuing operations attributable to CPA®:16 - Global shareholders
    0.23       0.03       0.16       0.28       0.37  
Net income (loss) attributable to CPA®:16 - Global shareholders
    0.26       (0.02 )     0.17       0.29       0.40  
 
                                       
Cash distributions declared per share
    0.6624       0.6621       0.6576       0.6498       0.6373  
 
                                       
Balance Sheet Data
                                       
Total assets
  $ 2,437,959     $ 2,889,005     $ 2,967,203     $ 3,081,869     $ 1,775,640  
Net investments in real estate (c)
    2,127,900       2,223,549       2,190,625       2,169,979       1,143,908  
Long-term obligations (d)
    1,371,948       1,454,851       1,453,901       1,445,734       662,762  
 
                                       
Other Information
                                       
Cash provided by operating activities
  $ 121,340     $ 119,879     $ 117,435     $ 120,985     $ 52,255  
Cash distributions paid
    82,013       80,778       79,011       72,551       41,227  
Payment of mortgage principal (e)
    21,613       18,747       15,487       18,053       6,397  
 
                                       
 
     
(a)   Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified from continuing operations to discontinued operations.
 
(b)   Net income in 2010, 2009 and 2008 reflected impairment charges totaling $10.9 million, inclusive of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests totaling $2.5 million, $59.6 million, inclusive of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests totaling $12.8 million, and $4.0 million, respectively.
 
(c)   Net investments in real estate consists of net investments in properties, net investment in direct financing leases, equity investments in real estate, real estate under construction and assets held for sale, as applicable.
 
(d)   Represents non-recourse mortgage obligations and deferred acquisition fee installments.
 
(e)   Represents scheduled mortgage principal payments.
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Item 7.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations (“MD&A”) is intended to provide the reader with information that will assist in understanding our financial statements and the reasons for changes in certain key components of our financial statements from period to period. MD&A also provides the reader with our perspective on our financial position and liquidity, as well as certain other factors that may affect our future results.
Business Overview
As described in more detail in Item 1 of this Report, we are a publicly owned, non-listed REIT that invests primarily in commercial properties leased to companies domestically and internationally. As a REIT, we are not subject to U.S. federal income taxation as long as we satisfy certain requirements, principally relating to the nature of our income, the level of our distributions and other factors. We earn revenue principally by leasing the properties we own to single corporate tenants, primarily on a triple-net lease basis, which requires the tenant to pay substantially all of the costs associated with operating and maintaining the property. Revenue is subject to fluctuation because of the timing of new lease transactions, lease terminations, lease expirations, contractual rent adjustments, tenant defaults and sales of properties. We were formed in 2003 and are managed by the advisor. In addition, as discussed in Item 1, Significant Developments during 2010, on December 13, 2010, we and CPA®:14 entered into a definitive agreement pursuant to which CPA®:14 will merge with and into one of our subsidiaries, subject to the approval of the shareholders of CPA®:14. The closing of the Proposed Merger is also subject to customary closing conditions, among other things.
Financial Highlights
(In thousands)
                         
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Total revenues
  $ 234,759     $ 232,904     $ 231,808  
Net income (loss) attributable to CPA®:16 - Global shareholders
    32,007       (2,540 )     20,247  
Cash flow from operating activities
    121,340       119,879       117,435  
 
                       
Distributions paid
    82,013       80,778       79,011  
 
                       
Supplemental financial measures:
                       
Funds from operations - as adjusted (AFFO)
  $ 78,349     $ 77,009     $ 75,762  
Adjusted cash flow from operating activities
    114,583       114,225       115,875  
We consider the performance metrics listed above, including certain supplemental metrics that are not defined by GAAP (“non-GAAP”) such as Funds from operations — as adjusted, or AFFO, and Adjusted cash flow from operating activities, to be important measures in the evaluation of our results of operations, liquidity and capital resources. We evaluate our results of operations with a primary focus on the ability to generate cash flow necessary to meet our objectives of funding distributions to shareholders. Please see Supplemental Financial Measures below for our definition of these measures and reconciliations to their most directly comparable GAAP measure.
Total revenues increased slightly in 2010 as compared to 2009. The increase in lease revenue, which was primarily the result of the full year impact of our investment in Tesco plc, as well as the increase in revenue from our domestic hotel ventures, was substantially offset by a decrease in interest income on notes receivable on Hellweg 2 due to the exercise of a purchase option.
Net income attributable to CPA®:16 — Global shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2010 reflected a reduction in the level of impairment charges recognized as compared to 2009. During 2010, we recognized impairment charges of $10.9 million, inclusive of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests of $2.5 million, while in 2009 we recognized impairment charges of $59.6 million, inclusive of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests of $12.8 million.
Our quarterly cash distribution remained at $0.1656 per share for the fourth quarter of 2010, or $0.66 per share on an annualized basis.
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Our AFFO supplemental measure for the year ended December 31, 2010, as compared to 2009, increased by $1.3 million, primarily as a result of the full year impact of our 2009 investment activity. For the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to 2009, our adjusted cash flow from operating activities supplemental measure remained relatively unchanged.
Current Trends
General Economic Environment
We are impacted by macro-economic environmental factors, the capital markets, and general conditions in the commercial real estate market, both in the U.S. and globally. As of the date of this Report, we have seen signs of modest improvement in the global economy following the significant distress experienced in 2008 and 2009. While these factors reflect favorably on our business, the economic recovery remains weak, and our business remains dependent on the speed and strength of the recovery, which cannot be predicted at this time. Nevertheless, as of the date of this Report, the impact of current financial and economic trends on our business, and our response to those trends, is presented below.
Foreign Exchange Rates
We have foreign investments and, as a result, are subject to risk from the effects of exchange rate movements. Our results of foreign operations benefit from a weaker U.S. dollar and are adversely affected by a stronger U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies. During 2010, the Euro weakened primarily as a result of sovereign debt issues in several European countries. Investments denominated in the Euro accounted for approximately 35% of our annualized contractual minimum base rent for 2010. During 2010, the U.S. dollar strengthened against the Euro, as the average conversion rate for the U.S. dollar in relation to the Euro decreased by 5% in comparison to 2009. Additionally, the end-of-period conversion rate of the Euro at December 31, 2010 decreased 8% to $1.3253 from $1.4333 at December 31, 2009. This strengthening had a negative impact on our balance sheet at December 31, 2010 as compared to our balance sheet at December 31, 2009. While we actively manage our foreign exchange risk, a significant unhedged decline in the value of the Euro could have a material negative impact on our net asset values, future results, financial position and cash flows.
Capital Markets
We have recently seen evidence of a gradual improvement in capital market conditions including new issuances of commercial mortgage-backed securities debt. Capital inflows to both commercial real estate debt and equity markets have helped increase the availability of mortgage financing and asset prices have begun to recover from their credit crisis lows. Over the past few quarters, there has been continued improvement in the availability of financing; however, lenders remain cautious and continue to employ more conservative underwriting standards. We have seen commercial real estate capitalization rates begin to narrow from credit crisis highs, especially for higher-quality assets or assets leased to tenants with strong credit.
Financing Conditions
We have recently seen a gradual improvement in both the credit and real estate financing markets. During the year ended December 31, 2010, we saw an increase in the number of lenders for both domestic and international investments as market conditions improved. However, during the fourth quarter of 2010, the cost of debt rose, but we anticipate that this may be recoverable either through deal pricing or if lenders adjust their spreads, which had been unusually high during the crisis. The increase was primarily a result of a rise in the 10-year treasury rates for domestic deals and due to the impact of the sovereign debt issues in Europe.
Real Estate Sector
As noted above, the commercial real estate market is impacted by a variety of macro-economic factors, including but not limited to growth in gross domestic product, unemployment, interest rates, inflation, and demographics. Since the beginning of the credit crisis, these macro-economic factors have persisted, negatively impacting commercial real estate market fundamentals, which has resulted in higher vacancies, lower rental rates, and lower demand for vacant space. While more recently there have been some indications of stabilization in asset values and slight improvements in occupancy rates, general uncertainty surrounding commercial real estate fundamentals and property valuations continues. We are chiefly affected by changes in the appraised values of our properties, tenant defaults, inflation, lease expirations, and occupancy rates.
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Net Asset Values
The advisor generally calculates our NAV per share on an annual basis. To make this calculation the advisor relies in part on an estimate of the fair market value of our real estate provided by a third party, adjusted to give effect to the estimated fair value of mortgages encumbering our assets (also provided by a third party) as well as other adjustments. There are a number of variables that comprise this calculation, including individual tenant credits, lease terms, lending credit spreads, foreign currency exchange rates, and tenant defaults, among others. We do not control these variables and, as such, cannot predict how they will change in the future.
As a result of continued weakness in the economy and a strengthening of the dollar versus the Euro during 2010 and 2009, our NAV per share at September 30, 2010, which was calculated in connection with the Proposed Merger, decreased to $8.80, a 4.3% decline from our December 31, 2009 NAV per share of $9.20.
Tenant Defaults
As a net lease investor, we are exposed to credit risk within our tenant portfolio, which can reduce our results of operations and cash flow from operations if our tenants are unable to pay their rent. Tenants experiencing financial difficulties may become delinquent on their rent and/or default on their leases and, if they file for bankruptcy protection, may reject our lease in bankruptcy court, resulting in reduced cash flow, which may negatively impact net asset values and require us to incur impairment charges. Even where a default has not occurred and a tenant is continuing to make the required lease payments, we may restructure or renew leases on less favorable terms, or the tenant’s credit profile may deteriorate, which could affect the value of the leased asset and could in turn require us to incur impairment charges.
As of the date of this Report, we have no tenants operating under bankruptcy protection. Our experience for the year ended December 31, 2010 reflects an improvement from the unusually high level of tenant defaults during 2008 and 2009, when companies across many industries experienced financial distress due to the economic downturn and the seizure in the credit markets. We have observed that many of our tenants have benefited from continued improvements in general business conditions, which we anticipate will result in reduced tenant defaults going forward; however, it is possible that additional tenants may file for bankruptcy or default on their leases during 2011 and that economic conditions may again deteriorate.
To mitigate these risks, we have historically looked to invest in assets that we believe are critically important to a tenant’s operations and have attempted to diversify our portfolio by tenant, tenant industry and geography. We also monitor tenant performance through review of rent delinquencies as a precursor to a potential default, meetings with tenant management and review of tenants’ financial statements and compliance with any financial covenants. When necessary, our asset management process includes restructuring transactions to meet the evolving needs of tenants, re-leasing properties, refinancing debt and selling properties, as well as protecting our rights when tenants default or enter into bankruptcy.
Inflation
Our leases generally have rent adjustments that are either fixed or based on formulas indexed to changes in the CPI or other similar index for the jurisdiction in which the property is located. Because these rent adjustments may be calculated based on changes in the CPI over a multi-year period, changes in inflation rates can have a delayed impact on our results of operations. Rent adjustments during 2009 and, to a lesser extent, 2010 generally benefited from increases in inflation rates during the years prior to the scheduled rent adjustment date. However, despite recent signs of inflationary pressure, we continue to expect that rent increases will be significantly lower in coming years as a result of the current historically low inflation rates in the U.S. and the Euro zone.
Lease Expirations and Occupancy
At December 31, 2010, we had no significant leases scheduled to expire or renew in the next twelve months. The advisor actively manages our real estate portfolio and begins discussing options with tenants in advance of the scheduled lease expiration. In certain cases, we obtain lease renewals from our tenants; however, tenants may elect to move out at the end of their term, or may elect to exercise purchase options, if any, in their leases. In cases where tenants elect not to renew, we may seek replacement tenants or try to sell the property. Our occupancy was 99% at December 31, 2010, unchanged from December 31, 2009.
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Proposed Accounting Changes
The International Accounting Standards Board and FASB have issued an Exposure Draft on a joint proposal that would dramatically transform lease accounting from the existing model. These changes would impact most companies, but are particularly applicable to those that are significant users of real estate. The proposal outlines a completely new model for accounting by lessees, whereby their rights and obligations under all leases, existing and new, would be capitalized and recorded on the balance sheet. For some companies, the new accounting guidance may influence whether or not, or the extent to which, they enter into the type of sale-leaseback transactions in which we specialize. At this time, the proposed guidance has not been finalized and as such we are unable to determine whether the proposal will have a material impact on our business.
The Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) of the FASB discussed the accounting treatment for deconsolidating subsidiaries in situations other than a sale or transfer at its September 2010 meeting. While the EITF did not reach a consensus for exposure, the EITF determined that further research was necessary to more fully understand the scope and implications of the matter, prior to issuing a consensus for exposure. If the EITF reaches a consensus for exposure, we will evaluate the impact of such conclusion on our financial statements. During 2010, we deconsolidated a subsidiary that leased property to Goertz & Schiele Corp. which had total assets and liabilities of $7.5 million and $14.5 million, respectively, and recognized a gain in the amount of $7.1 million.
How We Evaluate Results of Operations
We evaluate our results of operations with a primary focus on our ability to generate cash flow necessary to meet our objectives of funding distributions to shareholders and increasing our equity in our real estate. As a result, our assessment of operating results gives less emphasis to the effect of unrealized gains and losses, which may cause fluctuations in net income for comparable periods but have no impact on cash flows, and to other non-cash charges, such as depreciation and impairment charges.
We consider cash flows from operating activities, cash flows from investing activities, cash flows from financing activities and certain non-GAAP performance metrics to be important measures in the evaluation of our results of operations, liquidity and capital resources. Cash flows from operating activities are sourced primarily from long-term lease contracts. These leases are generally triple net and mitigate, to an extent, our exposure to certain property operating expenses. Our evaluation of the amount and expected fluctuation of cash flows from operating activities is essential in evaluating our ability to fund operating expenses, service debt and fund distributions to shareholders.
We consider cash flows from operating activities plus cash distributions from equity investments in real estate in excess of equity income, less cash distributions paid to consolidated joint venture partners, as a supplemental measure of liquidity in evaluating our ability to sustain distributions to shareholders. We consider this measure useful as a supplemental measure to the extent the source of distributions in excess of equity income in real estate is the result of non-cash charges, such as depreciation and amortization, because it allows us to evaluate the cash flows from consolidated and unconsolidated investments in a comparable manner. In deriving this measure, we exclude cash distributions from equity investments in real estate that are sourced from the sales of the equity investee’s assets or refinancing of debt because we deem them to be returns of investment and not returns on investment.
We focus on measures of cash flows from investing activities and cash flows from financing activities in our evaluation of our capital resources. Investing activities typically consist of the acquisition or disposition of investments in real property and the funding of capital expenditures with respect to real properties. Financing activities primarily consist of the payment of distributions to shareholders, obtaining non-recourse mortgage financing, generally in connection with the acquisition or refinancing of properties, and making mortgage principal payments. Our financing strategy has been to purchase substantially all of our properties with a combination of equity and non-recourse mortgage debt. A lender on a non-recourse mortgage loan generally has recourse only to the property collateralizing such debt and not to any of our other assets. This strategy has allowed us to diversify our portfolio of properties and, thereby, limit our risk. In the event that a balloon payment comes due, we may seek to refinance the loan, restructure the debt with existing lenders, or evaluate our ability to pay the balloon payment from our cash reserves or sell the property and use the proceeds to satisfy the mortgage debt.
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Results of Operations
Our results of operations continue to be significantly impacted by a transaction from April 2007 (the “Hellweg 2” transaction) in which we and our affiliates acquired a venture (the “property venture”) that in turn acquired a 24.7% ownership interest in a limited partnership owning 37 properties throughout Germany. We and our affiliates also acquired a second venture (the “lending venture”), which made a loan (the “note receivable”) to the holder of the remaining 75.3% interests in the limited partnership (the “partner”). In connection with the acquisition, the property venture agreed to three option agreements that give the property venture the right to purchase, from our partner, the remaining 75.3% (direct and indirect) interest in the limited partnership at a price equal to the principal amount of the note receivable at the time of purchase. In November 2010, the property venture exercised the first of its three options and acquired from our partner a 70% direct interest in the limited partnership for $297.3 million, thus owning a (direct and indirect) 94.7% interest in the limited partnership. The property venture has assignable option agreements to acquire the remaining (direct and indirect) 5.3% interest in the limited partnership by October 2012. If the property venture does not exercise its option agreements, our partner has option agreements to put its remaining interests in the limited partnership to the property venture during 2014 at a price equal to the principal amount of the note receivable at the time of purchase. Currently, under the terms of the note receivable, the lending venture will receive interest income that approximates 5.3% of all income earned by the limited partnership, less adjustments. The note receivable has a principal balance of $21.8 million, inclusive of our affiliates’ noncontrolling interest of $16.2 million at December 31, 2010. Our total effective ownership interest in the ventures is 26%. We consolidate the ventures in our financial statements under current accounting guidance. The total cost of the interests in these ventures was $446.4 million, inclusive of our affiliates’ noncontrolling interest of $330.4 million. In connection with these transactions, the ventures obtained combined non-recourse mortgage financing of $378.6 million, inclusive of our affiliates’ noncontrolling interest of $280.2 million, having a fixed annual interest rate of 5.5% and a term of 10 years.
Although we consolidate the results of operations of the Hellweg 2 transaction, because our effective ownership interest is 26%, a significant portion of the results of operations from this transaction is reduced by our affiliates’ noncontrolling interests. As a result of obtaining non-recourse mortgage debt to finance a significant portion of the purchase price and depreciating/amortizing assets over their estimated useful lives, we do not expect this transaction to have a significant impact on our results of operations. However, the transaction has a significant impact on many of the components of our results of operations, as described below. Based on the exchange rate of the Euro at December 31, 2010, this transaction generated property level cash flow from operations (revenues less interest expense) of $11.9 million, inclusive of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests of $8.8 million, during 2010.
The following table presents the components of our lease revenue (in thousands):
                         
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Rental income
  $ 153,755     $ 149,839     $ 146,963  
Interest income from direct financing leases
    27,101       27,448       28,864  
 
                 
 
  $ 180,856     $ 177,287     $ 175,827  
 
                 
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The following table sets forth the net lease revenues (i.e., rental income and interest income from direct financing leases) that we earned from lease obligations through our direct ownership of real estate (in thousands):
                         
    Years ended December 31,  
Lessee   2010     2009     2008  
Hellweg 2 (a) (b)
  $ 34,408     $ 35,889     $ 37,128  
Telcordia Technologies, Inc.
    9,799       9,371       9,311  
Tesco plc (a)(b)(c)
    7,337       3,420        
Nordic Cold Storage LLC (d)
    6,923       6,830       6,257  
Berry Plastics Corporation (b)
    6,666       6,641       6,651  
The Talaria Company (Hinckley) (b) (e)
    5,506       4,133       4,984  
Fraikin SAS (a) (f)
    5,340       5,935       5,888  
MetoKote Corp., MetoKote Canada Limited and MetoKote de Mexico (a) (g)
    4,853       4,715       6,365  
International Aluminum Corp. and United States Aluminum of Canada, Ltd. (a)
    4,574       4,518       4,454  
LFD Manufacturing Ltd., IDS Logistics (Thailand) Ltd. and IDS Manufacturing SDN BHD (a)
    4,342       3,903       4,109  
Huntsman International, LLC
    4,027       4,027       4,027  
Best Brands Corp.(h)
    4,027       3,995       3,129  
Ply Gem Industries, Inc. (a)
    3,947       3,884       3,834  
Bob’s Discount Furniture, LLC
    3,629       3,564       3,538  
TRW Vehicle Safety Systems Inc.
    3,568       3,568       3,568  
Kings Super Markets Inc.
    3,544       3,416       3,416  
Universal Technical Institute of California, Inc.
    3,506       3,418       3,418  
Finisar Corporation
    3,287       3,287       3,224  
Performance Fibers GmbH (a)
    3,204       3,408       3,531  
Dick’s Sporting Goods, Inc. (b)
    3,141       3,141       3,141  
Other (a) (b)
    55,228       56,224       55,854  
 
                 
 
  $ 180,856     $ 177,287     $ 175,827  
 
                 
 
     
(a)   Amounts are subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The average rate for the U.S. dollar in relation to the Euro during both 2010 and 2009 strengthened by approximately 5% in comparison to the respective prior year periods, resulting in a negative impact on lease revenues for our Euro-denominated investments in 2010 and 2009.
 
(b)   These revenues are generated in consolidated ventures, generally with our affiliates, and on a combined basis, include revenues applicable to noncontrolling interests totaling $42.4 million, $41.8 million and $38.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
 
(c)   This investment was acquired in July 2009.
 
(d)   The increase from 2008 to 2009 was due to a CPI-based (or equivalent) rent increase.
 
(e)   During the second half of 2009, we entered into a lease amendment with the tenant to defer certain rental payments, which resulted in a decrease to lease revenue for 2009 as compared to 2008. This deferral period extended through August 2010, however rental payments were gradually increased throughout 2010 which resulted in an increase to lease revenue for 2010 as compared to 2009.
 
(f)   The decrease in 2010 was due to a CPI-based (or equivalent) rent decrease.
 
(g)   Inclusive of an out-of-period adjustment of $1.8 million in 2008 (Note 2).
 
(h)   We acquired our interest in this investment in March 2008.
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We recognize income from equity investments in real estate, of which lease revenues are a significant component. The following table sets forth the net lease revenues earned by these ventures. Amounts provided are the total amounts attributable to the ventures and do not represent our proportionate share (dollars in thousands):
                                 
    Ownership        
    Interest at     Years ended December 31,  
Lessee   December 31, 2010     2010     2009     2008  
U-Haul Moving Partners, Inc. and Mercury Partners, L.P. (a)
    31 %   $ 32,486     $ 30,589     $ 28,541  
The New York Times Company (b)
    27 %     26,768       21,751        
OBI A.G. (c)
    25 %     16,006       16,637       17,317  
Hellweg Die Profi-Baumarkte GmbH & Co. KG (“Hellweg 1”)(c)
    25 %     14,272       14,881       15,155  
Pohjola Non-life Insurance Company (c)
    40 %     8,797       9,240       9,343  
TietoEnator Plc (c)
    40 %     8,223       8,636       8,790  
Police Prefecture, French Government (c)
    50 %     8,029       8,272       8,109  
Schuler A.G. (c)
    33 %     6,208       6,568       6,802  
Frontier Spinning Mills, Inc. (b)
    40 %     4,464       4,469       12  
Thales S.A. (c) (d)
    35 %     4,165       9,357       14,240  
Actebis Peacock GmbH. (b) (c)
    30 %     3,968       4,143       2,065  
Consolidated Systems, Inc.
    40 %     1,831       1,831       1,831  
Actuant Corporation (c)
    50 %     1,745       1,856       1,905  
Barth Europa Transporte e.K/MSR Technologies GmbH
(formerly Lindenmaier A.G.) (c) (e)
    33 %     1,347       2,000       2,703  
 
                         
 
          $ 138,309     $ 140,230     $ 116,813  
 
                         
 
     
(a)   The increase was due to a CPI-based (or equivalent) rent increase.
 
(b)   We acquired our interest in the New York Times Company venture in March 2009, our interest in the Frontier Spinning Mills venture in December 2008 and our interest in the Actebis Peacock venture in July 2008.
 
(c)   Amounts are subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The average rate for the U.S. dollar in relation to the Euro during both 2010 and 2009 strengthened by approximately 5% in comparison to the respective prior year periods, resulting in a negative impact on lease revenues for our Euro-denominated investments in 2010 and 2009.
 
(d)   The venture sold four of the five properties leased to Thales in July 2009.
 
(e)   The venture formerly leased two properties to Lindenmaier. In July 2009, the venture entered into an interim lease agreement with Lindenmaier that provided for substantially lower rental income. In April 2010, the venture entered into a lease agreement with a new tenant, Barth Europa, at a vacant property formerly leased to Lindenmaier, and in August 2010, MSR Technologies GmbH took over the Lindenmaier business and entered into a new lease with the venture.
Lease Revenues
Our net leases generally have rent adjustments based on formulas indexed to changes in the CPI or other similar index for the jurisdiction in which the property is located, sales overrides or other periodic increases, which are designed to increase lease revenues in the future. We own international investments and, therefore, lease revenues from these investments are subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. In certain cases, although we recognize lease revenue in connection with our tenants’ obligation to pay rent, we may also increase our uncollected rent expense if tenants are experiencing financial distress and have not paid the rent to us that they owe.
2010 vs. 2009 — For the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to 2009, lease revenue increased by $3.6 million. Lease revenues increased by $3.9 million as a result of the full-year impact of our investment in Tesco plc entered into during July 2009 and $1.5 million due to build-to-suit transactions placed into service during 2009 and 2010. Scheduled rent increases and financing lease adjustments also resulted in a net increase of $1.3 million. These increases were partially offset by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (primarily the Euro), which had a negative impact on lease revenues of $2.6 million, as well as lower rental income recognized from a lease we entered into in the first quarter of 2010 with SaarOTEC, a successor tenant to Görtz & Schiele GmbH & Co., which resulted in a decrease to lease revenue of $0.8 million.
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2009 vs. 2008 — For the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008, lease revenues increased by $1.5 million. Lease revenues increased by $6.3 million from investments entered into during 2009 and 2008 and by $3.8 million as a result of scheduled rent increases at several properties during the same periods. These increases were substantially offset by the negative impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (primarily the Euro), which reduced lease revenues by $4.7 million, as well as sales of properties and lease restructurings during 2009, which reduced lease revenues by $2.0 million. In addition, lease revenues in 2008 included an out-of-period adjustment of $1.8 million (Note 2).
Interest Income on Notes Receivable
The Hellweg 2 transaction contributed interest income of $24.2 million and $27.1 million in 2010 and 2009, respectively, inclusive of noncontrolling interests of $18.0 million and $20.2 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to 2009, interest income on notes receivable decreased $2.8 million as a result of the decrease in our investment in the Hellweg 2 note receivable resulting from the exercise of a purchase option in November 2010. See Note 5.
Depreciation and Amortization
2010 vs. 2009 — For the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to 2009, depreciation and amortization increased by $1.5 million, primarily from depreciation of $2.4 million related to the July 2009 Tesco investment and build-to-suit investments placed into service during 2010 and 2009. This increase was partially offset by the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates of $0.4 million and the full amortization of certain intangible assets of $0.3 million.
2009 vs. 2008 — For the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008, depreciation and amortization expense increased by $2.2 million, primarily due to investments entered into or placed into service during 2009 and 2008.
Property Expenses
2010 vs. 2009 — For the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to 2009, property expenses decreased by $3.0 million, primarily due to a decrease in uncollected rent expense as a result of improved financial conditions of certain tenants in the automotive industry.
2009 vs. 2008 — For the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008, property expenses increased by $0.7 million, primarily due to an increase in uncollected rent expense as a result of a higher number of tenants experiencing financial difficulties.
General and Administrative
2010 vs. 2009 — For the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to 2009, general and administrative expenses increased by $1.4 million, primarily due to an increase in business development costs. The increase in business development costs is largely a result of charges incurred in connection with the Proposed Merger.
2009 vs. 2008 — For the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008, general and administrative expenses decreased by $3.5 million primarily due to a reduction in business development costs of $2.0 million, as well as a decrease in professional services fees of $1.4 million. Business development costs are costs incurred in connection with potential investments that ultimately were not consummated.
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Impairment Charges
For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, we incurred impairment charges in our continuing real estate assets totaling $9.8 million, $30.3 million and $0.9 million, respectively. The table below summarizes these impairment charges (in thousands):
                             
    Years ended December 31,      
Lessee   2010     2009     2008     Reason
The Talaria Company (Hinckley)
  $ 8,238     $     $     Potential sale
Foss Manufacturing
          15,985           Tenant experiencing financial difficulties
SaarOTEC (formerly Görtz & Schiele GmbH)
          6,779           Tenant filed for bankruptcy
John McGavigan Ltd.
          5,294           Tenant filed for bankruptcy
Various lessees
    1,570       2,279       890     Decline in guaranteed residual values
 
                     
 
                           
Impairment charges included in expenses
  $ 9,808     $ 30,337     $ 890      
 
                     
See Income from Equity Investments in Real Estate and Discontinued Operations below for additional impairment charges incurred.
Income from Equity Investments in Real Estate
Income from equity investments in real estate represents our proportionate share of net income (revenue less expenses) from investments entered into with affiliates or third parties in which we have a noncontrolling interest but over which we exercise significant influence. Under current accounting guidance for investments in unconsolidated ventures, we are required to periodically compare an investment’s carrying value to its estimated fair value and recognize an impairment charge to the extent that carrying value exceeds fair value.
2010 vs. 2009 — For the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to 2009, income from equity investments in real estate increased by $3.7 million. Our loss from Barth Europa Transporte e.K/MSR Technologies GmbH (formerly Lindenmaier A.G.) decreased $2.9 million, primarily as a result of a reduction of $2.4 million in other-than-temporary impairment charges recognized during 2010 as compared to 2009. Our share of income from the U-Haul Moving Partners, Inc. and Mercury Partners, LP venture increased $0.7 million, primarily due to a CPI-based rent increase.
2009 vs. 2008 — For the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008, income from equity investments in real estate increased by $5.1 million. Our investment in The New York Times transaction in March 2009 contributed income of $5.4 million and our investment in the Frontier Spinning Mills transaction in December 2008 contributed income of $1.4 million during 2009. This income was partially offset by net other-than-temporary impairment charges totaling $3.6 million on two equity investments, including $2.6 million recorded during 2009 on our Lindenmaier A.G. (now Barth Europa Transporte e.K/MSR Technologies GmbH) investment as a result of the tenant filing for bankruptcy.
Other Interest Income
2009 vs. 2008 — For the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008, other interest income decreased by $3.9 million, primarily due to lower average cash balances as a result of our real estate investment activity during 2008 and 2009 and lower rates of return earned on our cash balances during 2009, reflecting market conditions.
Gain on Extinguishment of Debt
In February 2009, Berry Plastics Corporation, a venture in which we and an affiliate each hold 50% interests, and which we consolidate, repaid its existing non-recourse debt from the lender at a discount and recognized a gain on extinguishment of debt of $6.5 million, inclusive of noncontrolling interests of $3.2 million.
Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations
2010 — During 2010, we recognized income from discontinued operations of $7.5 million, primarily due to the recognition of a $7.1 million gain on the deconsolidation of Goertz & Schiele Corp. recognized during the first quarter of 2010.
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2009 — During 2009, we recognized a loss from discontinued operations of $16.6 million, primarily due to impairment charges recognized of $15.7 million on the Goertz & Schiele Corp. property, $5.1 million on the Metals America property, $2.9 million on a Görtz & Schiele GmbH property and $1.9 million on the Valley Diagnostic property. These charges were partially offset by a net gain on property sales of $7.6 million on the Metals America and Holopack properties and a gain on extinguishment of debt of $2.3 million on the Metals America property.
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to CPA®:16 — Global Shareholders
2010 vs. 2009 — For the year ended December 31, 2010, the resulting net income attributable to CPA®:16 — Global shareholders was $32.0 million as compared to a net loss of $2.5 million for 2009.
2009 vs. 2008 — For the year ended December 31, 2009, the resulting net loss attributable to CPA®:16 — Global shareholders was $2.5 million as compared to net income of $20.2 million for 2008.
Funds from Operations — as Adjusted (AFFO)
AFFO is a non-GAAP measure we use to evaluate our business. For a definition of AFFO and reconciliation to net income attributable to CPA®:16 — Global shareholders, see Supplemental Financial Measures below.
2010 vs. 2009 — For the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to 2009, AFFO increased by $1.3 million, primarily as a result of the full year impact of our 2009 investment activity.
2009 vs. 2008 — For the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008, AFFO increased by $1.2 million, primarily as a result of the aforementioned increases in results of operations as generated from our investment activity.
Financial Condition
Sources and Uses of Cash During the Year
We use the cash flow generated from net leases to meet our operating expenses, service debt and fund distributions to shareholders. Our cash flows fluctuate period to period due to a number of factors, which may include, among other things, the timing of purchases and sales of real estate, the timing of proceeds from non-recourse mortgage loans and receipt of lease revenues, the advisor’s annual election to receive fees in restricted shares of our common stock or cash, the timing and characterization of distributions from equity investments in real estate, payment to the advisor of the annual installment of deferred acquisition fees and interest thereon in the first quarter and changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Despite this fluctuation, we believe that we will generate sufficient cash from operations and from equity distributions in excess of equity income in real estate to meet our short-term and long-term liquidity needs. We may also use existing cash resources, the proceeds of non-recourse mortgage loans and the issuance of additional equity securities to meet these needs. We assess our ability to access capital on an ongoing basis. Our sources and uses of cash during the year are described below.
Operating Activities
During 2010, we used cash flows from operating activities of $121.3 million, primarily to fund distributions to shareholders of $51.4 million, excluding $30.6 million in dividends that were reinvested by shareholders of our common stock through our dividend reinvestment and stock purchase plan. We also made scheduled mortgage principal payments of $21.6 million and paid distributions to noncontrolling interests partners of $37.6 million. We also used cash distributions received from equity investments in real estate in excess of equity income of $5.2 million (see Investing Activities below) and our existing cash resources to fund these payments. For 2010, the advisor elected to continue to receive its performance fees in restricted shares of our common stock, and as a result, we paid performance fees of $11.8 million through the issuance of restricted stock rather than in cash.
Investing Activities
Our investing activities are generally comprised of real estate-related transactions (purchases and sales), payment of our annual installment of deferred acquisition fees to the advisor and capitalized property-related costs. During 2010, we used $24.3 million primarily to fund construction costs for a build-to-suit project and an expansion project. The build-to-suit project was placed into service in September 2010. We also used $7.8 million to provide financing to the developer of a domestic build-to-suit project. In January 2010, we paid our annual installment of deferred acquisition fees to the advisor, which totaled $6.3 million.
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Financing Activities
In addition to making scheduled mortgage principal payments and paying distributions to shareholders and noncontrolling interests during 2010, we used $29.0 million to prepay a non-recourse mortgage loan with a variable interest rate, which we refinanced with new non-recourse debt of $29.0 million at a fixed interest rate and a term of ten years. We also obtained mortgage financing of $7.9 million on an international property, which bears interest at a fixed rate but has an interest rate reset feature and a term of 10 years. Also, we used $15.4 million to repurchase our shares through a redemption plan that allows shareholders to sell shares back to us, subject to certain limitations as described below.
We maintain a quarterly redemption plan pursuant to which we may, at the discretion of our board of directors, redeem shares of our common stock from shareholders seeking liquidity. The terms of the plan limit the number of shares we may redeem so that the shares we redeem in any quarter, together with the aggregate number of shares redeemed in the preceding three fiscal quarters, does not exceed a maximum of 5% of our total shares outstanding as of the last day of the immediately preceding quarter. At December 31, 2010, redemptions totaled approximately 1.5% of total shares outstanding. In addition, our ability to effect redemptions is subject to our having available cash to do so. If we have sufficient funds to purchase some but not all of the shares offered to us for redemption in a particular quarter, or if the shares offered for redemption in a quarter would exceed the 5% limitation, shares will be redeemed on a pro rata basis, subject in all cases to the discretion of our board of directors. Requests not fulfilled in a quarter and not revoked by the shareholder will automatically be carried forward to the next quarter, unless our board of directors determines otherwise, and will receive priority over requests made in the relevant quarter.
For the year ended December 31, 2010, we received requests to redeem 1,818,246 shares of our common stock pursuant to our redemption plan, and we redeemed these requests at an average price per share of $8.49. We funded share redemptions during 2010 from the proceeds of the sale of shares of our common stock pursuant to our distribution reinvestment and share purchase plan.
Adjusted Cash Flow from Operating Activities
Adjusted cash flow from operating activities is a non-GAAP financial measure we use to evaluate our business. For a definition of adjusted cash flow from operating activities and reconciliation to cash flow from operating activities, see Supplemental Financial Measures below.
Our adjusted cash flow from operating activities was relatively unchanged in 2010 compared to 2009, increasing $0.4 million from $114.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to $114.6 million for 2010.
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Summary of Financing
The table below summarizes our non-recourse long-term debt (dollars in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2010     2009  
Balance
               
Fixed rate
  $ 1,331,869     $ 1,385,550  
Variable rate (a)
    37,379       60,339  
 
           
Total
  $ 1,369,248     $ 1,445,889  
 
           
 
               
Percent of total debt
               
Fixed rate
    97 %     96 %
Variable rate (a)
    3 %     4 %
 
           
 
    100 %     100 %
 
           
 
               
Weighted average interest rate at end of year
               
Fixed rate
    5.9 %     5.9 %
Variable rate (a)
    5.6 %     6.0 %
 
     
(a)   Variable-rate debt at December 31, 2010 included (i) $3.8 million that has been effectively converted to a fixed rate through an interest rate swap derivative instrument and (ii) $33.6 million in non-recourse mortgage loan obligations that bore interest at fixed rates but that have interest rate reset features that may change the interest rates to then-prevailing market fixed rates (subject to specific caps) at certain points during their term. At December 31, 2010, we have one non-recourse mortgage loan obligation with an interest reset feature that is scheduled to reset to 5.32% in the first quarter of 2011. No other interest rate resets or expirations of interest rate swaps or caps are scheduled to occur during the next twelve months.
Cash Resources
At December 31, 2010, our cash resources consisted of cash and cash equivalents of $59.0 million. Of this amount, $40.0 million, at then-current exchange rates, was held in foreign bank accounts, and we could be subject to restrictions or significant costs should we decide to repatriate these amounts. We also had unleveraged properties that had an aggregate carrying value of $190.9 million although there can be no assurance that we would be able to obtain financing for these properties. Our cash resources can be used to fund future investments as well as for working capital needs and other commitments.
Cash Requirements
During 2011, we expect that cash requirements will include paying distributions to shareholders and to our affiliates who hold noncontrolling interests in entities we control, making scheduled mortgage principal payments and funding expansion commitments that we currently estimate to total $3.6 million, as well as other normal recurring operating expenses. We have no balloon payments due on our consolidated investments until 2014; however, our share of balloon payments due in 2011 on our unconsolidated ventures totals $7.9 million. See below for cash requirements related to the Proposed Merger.
Expected Impact of Proposed Merger
If approved, we currently expect the Proposed Merger to have the following impact on our liquidity and results of operations beginning in the second quarter of 2011; however there can be no assurance that these transactions will be completed during this time frame or at all.
Our board of directors and the board of directors of CPA®:14 each have the ability, but not the obligation, to terminate the transaction if more than 50% of the shareholders of CPA®:14 elect to receive cash in the Proposed Merger. Assuming that holders of 50% of CPA®:14’s outstanding stock elect to receive cash in the Proposed Merger, then the maximum cash required by us to purchase these shares would be approximately $416.1 million, based on the total shares of CPA®:14 outstanding at December 31, 2010. If the cash on hand and available to us and CPA®:14, including the expected proceeds from the sale of certain assets by CPA®:14 and a new $300.0 million senior credit facility, is not sufficient to enable us to fulfill cash elections in the Proposed Merger by CPA®:14 shareholders, WPC has agreed to purchase a sufficient number of shares of our stock from us to enable us to pay such amounts to CPA®:14 shareholders.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
The table below summarizes our debt, off-balance sheet arrangements and other contractual obligations at December 31, 2010 and the effect that these arrangements and obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in the specified future periods (in thousands):
                                         
            Less than                     More than  
    Total     1 Year     1-3 Years     3-5 Years     5 years  
Non-recourse debt — Principal (a)
  $ 1,369,248     $ 25,685     $ 58,927     $ 218,080     $ 1,066,556  
Deferred acquisition fees — Principal
    2,700       1,911       789              
Interest on borrowings and deferred acquisition fees (b)
    530,317       80,178       156,047       141,109       152,983  
Subordinated disposition fees (c)
    1,013                   1,013        
Build-to-suit commitments (d)
    3,622       3,622                    
Operating and other lease commitments (e)
    54,422       1,744       3,508       3,490       45,680  
 
                             
 
  $ 1,961,322     $ 113,140     $ 219,271     $ 363,692     $ 1,265,219  
 
                             
 
     
(a)   Excludes $2.0 million of unamortized discount on a non-recourse loan that we purchased back from the lender.
 
(b)   Interest on an unhedged variable-rate debt obligation was calculated using the variable interest rate and balance outstanding at December 31, 2010.
 
(c)   Payable to the advisor, subject to meeting contingencies, in connection with any liquidity event. There can be no assurance that any liquidity event will be achieved in this time frame.
 
(d)   Represents the remaining commitment on two expansion projects.
 
(e)   Operating and other lease commitments consist primarily of rent obligations under ground leases and our share of future minimum rents payable under an office cost-sharing agreement with certain affiliates for the purpose of leasing office space used for the administration of real estate entities. Amounts under the cost-sharing agreement are allocated among the entities based on gross revenues and are adjusted quarterly. Rental obligations under ground leases are inclusive of noncontrolling interests of approximately $8.5 million.
Amounts in the table above related to our foreign operations are based on the exchange rate of the local currencies at December 31, 2010. At December 31, 2010, we had no material capital lease obligations for which we are the lessee, either individually or in the aggregate.
Proposed Merger
On December 13, 2010, we and CPA®:14 entered into a definitive agreement regarding the Proposed Merger. We have also agreed to use our reasonable best efforts to obtain a $300.0 million senior credit facility in order to pay for cash elections in the Proposed Merger. We entered into commitment letters with five lenders in connection with this potential debt financing; however, the commitment letters are subject to a number of closing conditions, including the lenders’ satisfactory completion of due diligence and determination that no material adverse change in us has occurred, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain the credit facility on acceptable terms or at all.
In the Proposed Merger, CPA®:14 shareholders will be entitled to receive $11.50 per share, the “Merger Consideration,” which is equal to the NAV per share of CPA®:14 as of September 30, 2010. The Merger Consideration will be paid to shareholders of CPA®:14, at their election, in either cash or a combination of a $1.00 per share special cash distribution and 1.1932 shares of our common stock, which equates to $10.50 based on our $8.80 per share NAV as of September 30, 2010. The advisor computed these NAVs internally, relying in part upon a third-party valuation of each company’s real estate portfolio and indebtedness as of September 30, 2010. Our board of directors and the board of directors of CPA®:14 each have the ability, but not the obligation, to terminate the transaction if more than 50% of the shareholders of CPA®:14 elect to receive cash in the Proposed Merger. Assuming that holders of 50% of CPA®:14’s outstanding stock elect to receive cash in the Proposed Merger, then the maximum cash required by us to purchase these shares would be approximately $416.1 million, based on the total shares of CPA®:14 outstanding at December 31, 2010. If the cash on hand and available to us and CPA®:14, including the expected proceeds from the sales of certain assets by CPA®:14 and a new $300.0 million senior credit facility, is not sufficient to enable us to fulfill cash elections in the Proposed Merger by CPA®:14 shareholders, WPC has agreed to purchase a sufficient number of shares of our common stock to enable us to pay such amounts to CPA®:14 shareholders.
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Hellweg 2 Transaction
As noted in Results of Operations above, we, together with our advisor and certain of our affiliates, acquired two related investments in 2007 in which we have a total effective ownership interest of 26% and that we consolidate, as we are the managing member of the ventures (the Hellweg 2 transaction). The primary purpose of these investments was to ultimately acquire an interest in the underlying properties and as such was structured to effectively transfer the economics of ownership to us and our affiliates while still monetizing the sales value by transferring the legal ownership in the underlying properties over time.
In connection with the acquisition, the property venture agreed to three option agreements that give the property venture the right to purchase, from our partner, the remaining 75.3% (direct and indirect) interest in the limited partnership at a price equal to the principal amount of the note receivable at the time of purchase. In November 2010, the property venture exercised the first of its three options and acquired from our partner a 70% direct interest in the limited partnership for $297.3 million, thus owning a (direct and indirect) 94.7% interest in the limited partnership. The property venture has assignable option agreements to acquire the remaining (direct and indirect) 5.3% interest in the limited partnership by October 2012. If the property venture does not exercise its option agreements, our partner has option agreements to put its remaining interests in the limited partnership to the property venture during 2014 at a price equal to the principal amount of the note receivable at the time of purchase. As of the date of this Report, under the terms of the note receivable, the lending venture will receive interest income that approximates 5.3% of all income earned by the limited partnership less adjustments. At December 31, 2010, our total effective ownership interest in the ventures was 26%.
Upon exercise of the relevant purchase option or the put, in order to avoid circular transfers of cash, the seller and the lending venture and the property venture agreed that the lending venture or the seller may elect, upon exercise of the respective purchase option or put option, to have the loan from the lending venture to the seller repaid by a deemed transfer of cash. The deemed transfer will be in amounts necessary to fully satisfy the seller’s obligations to the lending venture, and the lending venture will be deemed to have transferred such funds up to us and our affiliates as if they had been recontributed down into the property venture based on their pro rata ownership. Accordingly, at December 31, 2010 (based on the exchange rate of the Euro at that date), the only additional cash required by us to fund the exercise of the purchase option or the put would be the pro rata amounts necessary to redeem the advisor’s interest, the aggregate of which would be approximately $0.5 million, with our share approximating $0.1 million.
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Equity Investments in Real Estate
We have investments in unconsolidated ventures that own single-tenant properties net leased to corporations. Generally, the underlying investments are jointly-owned with our affiliates. Summarized financial information for these ventures and our ownership interest in the ventures at December 31, 2010 is presented below. Summarized financial information provided represents the total amount attributable to the ventures and does not represent our proportionate share (dollars in thousands):
                                 
    Ownership                      
    Interest at             Total Third-     Debt  
Lessee   December 31, 2010     Total Assets     Party Debt     Maturity Date  
Thales S.A. (a)
    35 %   $ 22,977     $ 23,604       7/2011  
U-Haul Moving Partners, Inc. and Mercury Partners, LP
    31 %     286,824       160,191       5/2014  
Actuant Corporation (a)
    50 %     16,716       10,855       5/2014  
TietoEnator Plc (a)
    40 %     88,018       68,321       7/2014  
The New York Times Company
    27 %     241,845       116,684       9/2014  
Pohjola Non-life Insurance Company (a)
    40 %     93,439       78,068       1/2015  
Hellweg Die Profi-Baumarkte GmbH & Co. KG (Hellweg 1) (a)
    25 %     179,610       94,381       5/2015  
Actebis Peacock GmbH. (a)
    30 %     47,354       29,095       7/2015  
Frontier Spinning Mills, Inc.
    40 %     39,267       22,986       8/2016  
Consolidated Systems, Inc.
    40 %     16,794       11,369       11/2016  
Barth Europa Transporte e.K/MSR Technologies GmbH (formerly Lindenmaier A.G.) (a)
    33 %     17,081       11,583       10/2017  
OBI A.G. (a)
    25 %     189,520       155,356       3/2018  
Police Prefecture, French Government (a)
    50 %     98,406       82,882       8/2020  
Schuler A.G. (a)
    33 %     68,198             N/A  
 
                           
 
          $ 1,406,049     $ 865,375          
 
                           
 
     
(a)   Dollar amounts shown are based on the applicable exchange rate of the foreign currency at December 31, 2010.
Environmental Obligations
In connection with the purchase of many of our properties, we required the sellers to perform environmental reviews. We believe, based on the results of these reviews, that our properties were in substantial compliance with Federal and state environmental statutes at the time the properties were acquired. However, portions of certain properties have been subject to some degree of contamination, principally in connection with leakage from underground storage tanks, surface spills or other on-site activities. In most instances where contamination has been identified, tenants are actively engaged in the remediation process and addressing identified conditions. Tenants are generally subject to environmental statutes and regulations regarding the discharge of hazardous materials and any related remediation obligations. In addition, our leases generally require tenants to indemnify us from all liabilities and losses related to the leased properties with provisions of such indemnification specifically addressing environmental matters. The leases generally include provisions that allow for periodic environmental assessments, paid for by the tenant, and allow us to extend leases until such time as a tenant has satisfied its environmental obligations. Certain of our leases allow us to require financial assurances from tenants, such as performance bonds or letters of credit, if the costs of remediating environmental conditions are, in our estimation, in excess of specified amounts. Accordingly, we believe that the ultimate resolution of environmental matters should not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements. Many of these accounting policies require judgment and the use of estimates and assumptions when applying these policies in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. On a quarterly basis, we evaluate these estimates and judgments based on historical experience as well as other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates are subject to change in the future if underlying assumptions or factors change. Certain accounting policies, while significant, may not require the use of estimates. Those accounting policies that require significant estimation and/or judgment are listed below.
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Classification of Real Estate Leases
We classify our leases for financial reporting purposes at the inception of a lease, or when significant lease terms are amended, as either real estate leased under operating leases or net investment in direct financing leases. This classification is based on several criteria, including, but not limited to, estimates of the remaining economic life of the leased assets and the calculation of the present value of future minimum rents. We estimate remaining economic life relying in part upon third-party appraisals of the leased assets. We calculate the present value of future minimum rents using the lease’s implicit interest rate, which requires an estimate of the residual value of the leased assets as of the end of the non-cancelable lease term. Estimates of residual values are generally determined by us relying in part upon third-party appraisals. Different estimates of residual value result in different implicit interest rates and could possibly affect the financial reporting classification of leased assets. The contractual terms of our leases are not necessarily different for operating and direct financing leases; however, the classification is based on accounting pronouncements that are intended to indicate whether the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor or substantially transferred to the lessee. We believe that we retain certain risks of ownership regardless of accounting classification. Assets related to leases classified as net investment in direct financing leases are not depreciated but are written down to expected residual value over the lease term. Therefore, the classification of leases may have a significant impact on net income even though it has no effect on cash flows.
Identification of Tangible and Intangible Assets in Connection with Real Estate Acquisitions
In connection with our acquisition of properties accounted for as operating leases, we allocate purchase costs to tangible and intangible assets and liabilities acquired based on their estimated fair values. We determine the value of tangible assets, consisting of land and buildings, as if vacant, and record intangible assets, including the above- and below-market value of leases, the value of in-place leases and the value of tenant relationships, at their relative estimated fair values.
We determine the value attributed to tangible assets in part using a discounted cash flow model that is intended to approximate both what a third party would pay to purchase the vacant property and rent at current estimated market rates. In applying the model, we assume that the disinterested party would sell the property at the end of an estimated market lease term. Assumptions used in the model are property-specific where this information is available; however, when certain necessary information is not available, we use available regional and property type information. Assumptions and estimates include a discount rate or internal rate of return, marketing period necessary to put a lease in place, carrying costs during the marketing period, leasing commissions and tenant improvements allowances, market rents and growth factors of these rents, market lease term and a cap rate to be applied to an estimate of market rent at the end of the market lease term.
We acquire properties subject to net leases and determine the value of above-market and below-market lease intangibles based on the difference between (i) the contractual rents to be paid pursuant to the leases negotiated and in place at the time of acquisition of the properties and (ii) our estimate of fair market lease rates for the property or a similar property, both of which are measured over a period equal to the estimated market lease term. We discount the difference between the estimated market rent and contractual rent to a present value using an interest rate reflecting our current assessment of the risk associated with the lease acquired, which includes a consideration of the credit of the lessee. Estimates of market rent are generally determined by us relying in part upon a third-party appraisal obtained in connection with the property acquisition and can include estimates of market rent increase factors, which are generally provided in the appraisal or by local brokers.
We evaluate the specific characteristics of each tenant’s lease and any pre-existing relationship with each tenant in determining the value of in-place lease and tenant relationship intangibles. To determine the value of in-place lease intangibles, we consider estimated market rent, estimated carrying costs of the property during a hypothetical expected lease-up period, current market conditions and costs to execute similar leases. Estimated carrying costs include real estate taxes, insurance, other property operating costs and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the hypothetical expected lease-up periods, based on assessments of specific market conditions. In determining the value of tenant relationship intangibles, we consider the expectation of lease renewals, the nature and extent of our existing relationship with the tenant, prospects for developing new business with the tenant and the tenant’s credit profile. We also consider estimated costs to execute a new lease, including estimated leasing commissions and legal costs, as well as estimated carrying costs of the property during a hypothetical expected lease-up period. We determine these values using our estimates or by relying in part upon third-party appraisals.
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Basis of Consolidation
When we obtain an economic interest in an entity, we evaluate the entity to determine if it is deemed a variable interest entity (“VIE”) and, if so, whether we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary and are therefore required to consolidate the entity. Significant judgment is required to determine whether a VIE should be consolidated. We review the contractual arrangements provided for in the partnership agreement or other related contracts to determine whether the entity is considered a VIE under current authoritative accounting guidance, and to establish whether we have any variable interests in the VIE. We then compare our variable interests, if any, to those of the other variable interest holders to determine which party is the primary beneficiary of a VIE based on whether the entity (i) has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE, and (ii) has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
For an entity that is not considered to be a VIE, the general partners in a limited partnership (or similar entity) are presumed to control the entity regardless of the level of their ownership and, accordingly, may be required to consolidate the entity. We evaluate the partnership agreements or other relevant contracts to determine whether there are provisions in the agreements that would overcome this presumption. If the agreements provide the limited partners with either (i) the substantive ability to dissolve or liquidate the limited partnership or otherwise remove the general partners without cause or (ii) substantive participating rights, the limited partners’ rights overcome the presumption of control by a general partner of the limited partnership, and, therefore, the general partner must account for its investment in the limited partnership using the equity method of accounting.
When we obtain an economic interest in an entity that is structured at the date of acquisition as a tenant-in-common interest, we evaluate the tenancy-in-common agreements or other relevant documents to ensure that the entity does not qualify as a VIE and does not meet the control requirement required for consolidation. We also use judgment in determining whether the shared decision-making involved in a tenant-in-common interest investment creates an opportunity for us to have significant influence on the operating and financial decisions of these investments and thereby creates some responsibility by us for a return on our investment. We account for tenancy-in-common interests under the equity method of accounting.
Impairments
On a quarterly basis, we assess whether there are any indicators that the value of our long-lived assets may be impaired or that their carrying value may not be recoverable. These impairment indicators include, but are not limited to, the vacancy of a property that is not subject to a lease; a lease default by a tenant that is experiencing financial difficulty; the termination of a lease by a tenant or the rejection of a lease in a bankruptcy proceeding. We may incur impairment charges on long-lived assets, including real estate, direct financing leases, assets held for sale and equity investments in real estate. We may also incur impairment charges on marketable securities. Estimates and judgments used when evaluating whether these assets are impaired are presented below.
Real Estate
For real estate assets in which an impairment indicator is identified, we follow a two-step process to determine whether an asset is impaired and to determine the amount of the charge. First, we compare the carrying value of the property to the future net undiscounted cash flow that we expect the property will generate, including any estimated proceeds from the eventual sale of the property. The undiscounted cash flow analysis requires us to make our best estimate of market rents, residual values and holding periods. We estimate market rents and residual values using market information from outside sources such as broker quotes or recent comparable sales. In cases where the available market information is not deemed appropriate, we perform a future net cash flow analysis discounted for inherent risk associated with each asset to determine an estimated fair value. As our investment objective is to hold properties on a long-term basis, holding periods used in the undiscounted cash flow analysis generally range from five to ten years. Depending on the assumptions made and estimates used, the future cash flow projected in the evaluation of long-lived assets can vary within a range of outcomes. We consider the likelihood of possible outcomes in determining the best possible estimate of future cash flows. If the future net undiscounted cash flow of the property is less than the carrying value, the property is considered to be impaired. We then measure the loss as the excess of the carrying value of the property over its estimated fair value. The property’s estimated fair value is primarily determined using market information from outside sources such as broker quotes or recent comparable sales.
Direct Financing Leases
We review our direct financing leases at least annually to determine whether there has been an other-than-temporary decline in the current estimate of residual value of the property. The residual value is our estimate of what we could realize upon the sale of the property at the end of the lease term, based on market information from outside sources such as broker quotes or recent comparable sales. If this review indicates that a decline in residual value has occurred that is other-than-temporary, we recognize an impairment charge and revise the accounting for the direct financing lease to reflect a portion of the future cash flow from the lessee as a return of principal rather than as revenue. While we evaluate direct financing leases, if there are any indicators that the residual value may be impaired, the evaluation of a direct financing lease can be affected by changes in long-term market conditions even though the obligations of the lessee are being met.
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Assets Held for Sale
We classify real estate assets that are accounted for as operating leases as held for sale when we have entered into a contract to sell the property, all material due diligence requirements have been satisfied and we believe it is probable that the disposition will occur within one year. When we classify an asset as held for sale, we calculate its estimated fair value as the expected sale price, less expected selling costs. We base the expected sale price on the contract and the expected selling costs on information provided by brokers and legal counsel. We then compare the asset’s estimated fair value to its carrying value, and if the estimated fair value is less than the property’s carrying value, we reduce the carrying value to the estimated fair value. We will continue to review the property for subsequent changes in the estimated fair value, and may recognize an additional impairment charge if warranted.
If circumstances arise that we previously considered unlikely and, as a result, we decide not to sell a property previously classified as held for sale, we reclassify the property as held and used. We measure and record a property that is reclassified as held and used at the lower of (i) its carrying amount before the property was classified as held for sale, adjusted for any depreciation expense that would have been recognized had the property been continuously classified as held and used, or (ii) the estimated fair value at the date of the subsequent decision not to sell.
Equity Investments in Real Estate
We evaluate our equity investments in real estate on a periodic basis to determine if there are any indicators that the value of our equity investment may be impaired and to establish whether or not that impairment is other-than-temporary. To the extent impairment has occurred, we measure the charge as the excess of the carrying value of our investment over its estimated fair value, which is determined by multiplying the estimated fair value of the underlying venture’s net assets by our ownership interest percentage. For our unconsolidated ventures in real estate, we calculate the estimated fair value of the underlying venture’s real estate or net investment in direct financing lease as described in Real Estate and Direct Financing Leases above. The fair value of the underlying venture’s debt, if any, is calculated based on market interest rates and other market information. The fair value of the underlying venture’s other financial assets and liabilities (excluding net investment in direct financing leases) have fair values that approximate their carrying values.
Marketable Securities
We evaluate our marketable securities for impairment if a decline in estimated fair value below cost basis is considered other-than-temporary. In determining whether the decline is other-than-temporary, we consider the underlying cause of the decline in value, the estimated recovery period, the severity and duration of the decline, as well as whether we plan to sell the security or will more likely than not be required to sell the security before recovery of its cost basis. If we determine that the decline is other-than-temporary, we record an impairment charge to reduce our cost basis to the estimated fair value of the security. Beginning in 2009, the credit component of an other-than-temporary impairment is recognized in earnings while the non-credit component is recognized in Other comprehensive income (“OCI”). Prior to 2009, all portions of other-than-temporary impairments were recorded in earnings.
Provision for Uncollected Amounts from Lessees
On an ongoing basis, we assess our ability to collect rent and other tenant-based receivables and determine an appropriate allowance for uncollected amounts. Because we have a limited number of lessees (20 lessees represented 69% of lease revenues during 2010), we believe that it is necessary to evaluate the collectability of these receivables based on the facts and circumstances of each situation rather than solely using statistical methods. Therefore, in recognizing our provision for uncollected rents and other tenant receivables, we evaluate actual past due amounts and make subjective judgments as to the collectability of those amounts based on factors including, but not limited to, our knowledge of a lessee’s circumstances, the age of the receivables, the tenant’s credit profile and prior experience with the tenant. Even if a lessee has been making payments, we may reserve for the entire receivable amount from the lessee if we believe there has been significant or continuing deterioration in the lessee’s ability to meet its lease obligations.
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Interest Capitalized in Connection with Real Estate Under Construction
Operating real estate is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Interest directly related to build-to-suit projects are capitalized. Interest capitalized in 2010, 2009 and 2008 was $2.8 million, $2.4 million and $2.4 million, respectively. We consider a build-to-suit project as substantially completed upon the completion of improvements. If portions of a project are substantially completed and occupied and other portions have not yet reached that stage, the substantially completed portions are accounted for separately. We allocate costs incurred between the portions under construction and the portions substantially completed and only capitalize those costs associated with the portion under construction. We do not have a credit facility and determine an interest rate to be applied for capitalizing interest based on an average rate on our outstanding non-recourse mortgage debt.
Income Taxes
We have elected to be treated as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code. In order to maintain our qualification as a REIT, we are required to, among other things, distribute at least 90% of our REIT net taxable income to our shareholders (excluding net capital gains) and meet certain tests regarding the nature of our income and assets. As a REIT, we are not subject to U.S. federal income tax with respect to the portion of our income that meets certain criteria and is distributed annually to shareholders. Accordingly, no provision for U.S. federal income taxes is included in the consolidated financial statements with respect to these operations. We believe we have operated, and we intend to continue to operate, in a manner that allows us to continue to meet the requirements for taxation as a REIT. Many of these requirements, however, are highly technical and complex. If we were to fail to meet these requirements, we would be subject to U.S. federal income tax.
We conduct business in various states and municipalities within the U.S. and internationally and, as a result, we or one or more of our subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and certain foreign jurisdictions. As a result, we are subject to certain state, local and foreign taxes and a provision for such taxes is included in the consolidated financial statements.
Significant judgment is required in determining our tax provision and in evaluating our tax positions. We establish tax reserves in accordance using a benefit recognition model, which we believe could result in a greater amount of benefit (and a lower amount of reserve) being initially recognized in certain circumstances. Provided that the tax position is deemed more likely than not of being sustained, we recognize the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being ultimately realized upon settlement. The tax position must be derecognized when it is no longer more likely than not of being sustained.
We have elected to treat certain of our corporate subsidiaries as a TRS. In general, a TRS may perform additional services for our tenants and generally may engage in any real estate or non-real estate related business (except for the operation or management of health care facilities or lodging facilities or providing to any person, under a franchise, license or otherwise, rights to any brand name under which any lodging facility or health care facility is operated). A TRS is subject to corporate federal income tax. Our TRS subsidiaries own hotels that are managed on our behalf by third-party hotel management companies.
Our earnings and profits, which determine the taxability of dividends to shareholders, differ from net income reported for financial reporting purposes due primarily to differences in depreciation, including hotel properties, for federal income tax purposes. Deferred income taxes relate primarily to our TRSs and are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for temporary differences between the financial reporting bases of assets and liabilities of our TRSs and their respective tax bases and for their operating loss and tax credit carry forwards based on enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when such amounts are realized or settled. However, deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is more likely than not that they will be realized based on consideration of available evidence, including tax planning strategies and other factors.
Although our TRSs may operate at a profit for federal income tax purposes in future periods, we cannot quantify the value of our deferred tax assets with certainty. Therefore, any deferred tax assets have been reserved as we have not concluded that it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will be realizable.
Supplemental Financial Measures
In the real estate industry, analysts and investors employ certain supplemental non-GAAP measures in order to facilitate meaningful comparisons between periods and among peer companies. Additionally, in the formulation of our goals and in the evaluation of the effectiveness of our strategies, we employ the use of supplemental non-GAAP measures, which are uniquely defined by our management. We believe these measures are useful to investors to consider because they may assist them to better understand and measure the performance of our business over time and against similar companies. A description of these non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP measures are provided below.
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Funds from Operations — as Adjusted
Funds from Operations (“FFO”) is a non-GAAP measure defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”). NAREIT defines FFO as net income or loss as computed in accordance with GAAP excluding depreciation and amortization expense from real estate assets, gains or losses from sales of depreciated real estate assets and extraordinary items; however, FFO related to assets held for sale, sold or otherwise transferred and included in the results of discontinued operations are included. These adjustments also incorporate the pro rata share of unconsolidated subsidiaries. FFO is used by management, investors and analysts to facilitate meaningful comparisons of operating performance between periods and among our peers. Although NAREIT has published this definition of FFO, real estate companies often modify this definition as they seek to provide financial measures that meaningfully reflect their distinctive operations.
We modify the NAREIT computation of FFO to include other adjustments to GAAP net income for certain non-cash charges, where applicable, such as gains or losses on extinguishment of debt and deconsolidation of subsidiaries, amortization of intangibles, straight-line rents, impairment charges on real estate and unrealized foreign currency exchange gains and losses. We refer to our modified definition of FFO as “Funds from Operations — as Adjusted,” or “AFFO”, and we employ it as one measure of our operating performance when we formulate corporate goals and evaluate the effectiveness of our strategies. We exclude these items from GAAP net income, as they are not the primary drivers in our decision-making process. Our assessment of our operations is focused on long-term sustainability and not on such non-cash items, which may cause short-term fluctuations in net income but have no impact on cash flows. As a result, we believe that AFFO is a useful supplemental measure for investors to consider because it will help them to better understand and measure the performance of our business over time without the potentially distorting impact of these short-term fluctuations.
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FFO and AFFO for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 are presented below (in thousands):
                         
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
 
Net income (loss) attributable to CPA®:16 - Global shareholders
  $ 32,007     $ (2,540 )   $ 20,247  
Adjustments:
                       
Depreciation and amortization of real property
    48,368       48,206       45,757  
Loss (gain) on sale of real estate
    78       (7,634 )     (136 )
Proportionate share of adjustments to equity in net income of partially owned entities to arrive at FFO:
                       
Depreciation and amortization of real property
    8,563       9,470       10,292  
Gain on sale of real estate
          (3,958 )      
Proportionate share of adjustments for noncontrolling interests to arrive at FFO
    (10,457 )     (10,413 )     (9,102 )
 
                 
Total adjustments
    46,552       35,671       46,811  
 
                 
FFO — as defined by NAREIT
    78,559       33,131       67,058  
 
                 
Adjustments:
                       
Gain on deconsolidation of subsidiary
    (7,082 )            
Gain on extinguishment of debt
    (879 )     (8,825 )      
Other depreciation, amortization and non-cash charges
    237       413       3,368  
Straight-line and other rent adjustments
    (260 )     1,227       (1,732 )
Impairment charges
    9,808       55,958       890  
Proportionate share of adjustments to equity in net income of partially owned entities to arrive at AFFO:
                       
Other depreciation, amortization and non-cash charges
          (163 )     117  
Straight-line and other rent adjustments
    (247 )     (178 )     457  
Impairment charges
    1,046       5,065       3,071  
Loss on extinguishment of debt
          726        
Proportionate share of adjustments for noncontrolling interests to arrive at AFFO
    (2,833 )     (10,345 )     2,533  
 
                 
Total adjustments
    (210 )     43,878       8,704  
 
                 
AFFO
  $ 78,349     $ 77,009     $ 75,762  
 
                 
Adjusted Cash Flow from Operating Activities
Adjusted cash flow from operating activities refers to our cash flow from operating activities (as computed in accordance with GAAP) adjusted, where applicable, primarily to: add cash distributions that we receive from our investments in unconsolidated real estate joint ventures in excess of our equity income; subtract cash distributions that we make to our noncontrolling partners in real estate joint ventures that we consolidate; and eliminate changes in working capital. We hold a number of interests in real estate joint ventures, and we believe that adjusting our GAAP cash flow provided by operating activities to reflect these actual cash receipts and cash payments as well as eliminating the effect of timing differences between the payment of certain liabilities and the receipt of certain receivables in a period other than that in which the item is recognized, may give investors additional information about our actual cash flow that is not incorporated in cash flow from operating activities as defined by GAAP.
We believe that adjusted cash flow from operating activities is a useful supplemental measure for assessing the cash flow generated from our core operations as it gives investors important information about our liquidity that is not provided within cash flow from operations as defined by GAAP, and we use this measure when evaluating distributions to shareholders.
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Adjusted cash flow from operating activities for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 is presented below (in thousands):
                         
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Cash flow provided by operating activities
  $ 121,340     $ 119,879     $ 117,435  
Adjustments:
                       
Distributions received from equity investments in real estate in excess of equity income, net
    5,245       8,645       10,721  
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests, net
    (11,755 )     (15,585 )     (5,980 )
Changes in working capital(a)
    (247 )     1,286       (6,301 )
 
                 
Adjusted cash flow from operating activities
  $ 114,583     $ 114,225     $ 115,875  
 
                 
 
                       
Distributions declared
  $ 82,556     $ 81,322     $ 79,776  
 
                 
     
(a)   In 2009, an adjustment to exclude the impact of escrow funds was introduced to our adjusted cash flow from operating activities supplemental measure, as more often than not these funds are released to the lender.
While we believe our FFO, AFFO and Adjusted cash flow from operating activities are important supplemental measures, they should not be considered as alternatives to net income as an indication of a company’s operating performance or to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of liquidity. These non-GAAP measures should be used in conjunction with net income and cash flow from operating activities as defined by GAAP. FFO, AFFO and Adjusted cash flow from operating activities, or similarly titled measures disclosed by other REITs may not be comparable to our FFO, AFFO and Adjusted cash flow from operating activities measures.
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Item 7A.   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Market Risks
Market risk is the exposure to loss resulting from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and equity prices. The primary risks to which we are exposed are interest rate risk and foreign currency exchange risk. We are also exposed to market risk as a result of concentrations in certain tenant industries.
We do not generally use derivative instruments to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk exposure and do not use derivative instruments to hedge credit/market risks or for speculative purposes. However, from time to time, we may enter into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge our foreign currency cash flow exposures.
Interest Rate Risk
The value of our real estate and related fixed-rate debt obligations is subject to fluctuations based on changes in interest rates. The value of our real estate is also subject to fluctuations based on local and regional economic conditions and changes in the creditworthiness of lessees, all of which may affect our ability to refinance property-level mortgage debt when balloon payments are scheduled. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political conditions, and other factors beyond our control. An increase in interest rates would likely cause the value of our owned assets to decrease. Increases in interest rates may also have an impact on the credit profile of certain tenants.
Although we have not experienced any credit losses on investments in loan participations, in the event of a significant rising interest rate environment, loan defaults could occur and result in our recognition of credit losses, which could adversely affect our liquidity and operating results. Further, such defaults could have an adverse effect on the spreads between interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities.
We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes primarily through our borrowing activities. To limit this exposure, we attempt to obtain mortgage financing on a long-term, fixed-rate basis. However, from time to time, we or our venture partners may obtain variable-rate non-recourse mortgage loans and, as a result, may enter into interest rate swap agreements or interest rate cap agreements with lenders that effectively convert the variable-rate debt service obligations of the loan to a fixed rate. Interest rate swaps are agreements in which one party exchanges a stream of interest payments for a counterparty’s stream of cash flow over a specific period, and interest rate caps limit the borrowing rate of variable-rate debt obligations while allowing participants to share in downward shifts in interest rates. These interest rate swaps and caps are derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges on the forecasted interest payments on the debt obligation. The notional, or face, amount on which the swaps or caps are based is not exchanged. Our objective in using these derivatives is to limit our exposure to interest rate movements. We estimate that the net fair value of our interest rate swap, which is included in Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated financial statements, was a liability of $0.4 million at December 31, 2010. In addition, two unconsolidated ventures in which we have interests ranging from 25% to 27.25% had an interest rate swap and an interest rate cap with a net estimated fair value liability of $9.5 million in the aggregate, representing the total amount attributable to the ventures, not our proportionate share, at December 31, 2010.
In connection with the Hellweg 2 transaction, two ventures in which we have a total effective ownership interest of 26%, which we consolidate, obtained participation rights in two interest rate swaps obtained by the lender of the non-recourse mortgage financing on the transaction. The participation rights are deemed to be embedded credit derivatives. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, the embedded credit derivatives generated unrealized losses of $0.8 million, $1.1 million and $3.4 million, inclusive of noncontrolling interest of $0.6 million, $0.8 million and $2.7 million, respectively. Because of current market volatility, we are experiencing significant fluctuation in the unrealized gains or losses generated from these derivatives and expect this trend to continue until market conditions stabilize.
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At December 31, 2010, substantially all of our non-recourse debt either bore interest at fixed rates or bore interest at fixed rates that were scheduled to convert to then-prevailing market fixed rates at certain future points during their term. The estimated fair value of these instruments is affected by changes in market interest rates. The annual interest rates on our fixed-rate debt at December 31, 2010 ranged from 4.4% to 7.7%. The annual interest rates on our variable-rate debt at December 31, 2010 ranged from 5.2% to 6.7%. Our debt obligations are more fully described in Financial Condition in Item 7 above. The following table presents principal cash flows based upon expected maturity dates of our debt obligations outstanding at December 31, 2010 (in thousands):
                                                                 
    2011     2012     2013     2014     2015     Thereafter     Total     Fair value  
Fixed rate debt
  $ 25,069     $ 27,191     $ 30,275     $ 93,534     $ 122,779     $ 1,033,021     $ 1,331,869     $ 1,278,751  
Variable rate debt
  $ 616     $ 706     $ 755     $ 848     $ 919     $ 33,535     $ 37,379     $ 36,017  
The estimated fair value of our fixed-rate debt and our variable-rate debt that currently bears interest at fixed rates or has effectively been converted to a fixed rate through the use of interest rate swaps or caps is affected by changes in interest rates. A decrease or increase in interest rates of 1% would change the estimated fair value of such debt at December 31, 2010 by an aggregate increase of $70.1 million or an aggregate decrease of $65.6 million, respectively. This debt is generally not subject to short-term fluctuations in interest rates. As more fully described in Summary of Financing in Item 7 above, a portion of the debt classified as variable-rate debt in the tables above bore interest at fixed rates at December 31, 2010 but has interest rate reset features that will change the fixed interest rates to then-prevailing market fixed rates at certain points in their term.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
We own investments in the European Union and other foreign countries, and as a result we are subject to risk from the effects of exchange rate movements of foreign currencies, primarily the Euro and British Pound Sterling and to a lesser extent, certain other currencies, which may affect future costs and cash flows. We manage foreign currency exchange rate movements by generally placing both our debt obligations to the lender and the tenant’s rental obligations to us in the same currency. For 2010, Hellweg 2, which leases properties in Germany, contributed 19% of lease revenues, inclusive of noncontrolling interests. We are generally a net receiver of these currencies (we receive more cash than we pay out), and therefore our foreign operations benefit from a weaker U.S. dollar, and are adversely affected by a stronger U.S. dollar, relative to the foreign currency. For 2010, we recognized net realized foreign currency gains of $0.4 million and net unrealized foreign currency losses of less than $0.1 million. These gains and losses are included in Other income and expenses in the consolidated financial statements and were primarily due to changes in the value of the foreign currency on deposits held for new investments and accrued interest receivable on notes receivable from wholly-owned subsidiaries.
We enter into foreign currency forward contracts and collars to hedge certain of our foreign currency cash flow exposures. A foreign currency forward contract is a commitment to deliver a certain amount of currency at a certain price on a specific date in the future. A foreign currency collar consists of a purchased call option to buy and a written put option to sell the foreign currency. By entering into these instruments, we are locked into a future currency exchange rate, which limits our exposure to the movement in foreign currency exchange rates. The estimated fair value of our foreign currency collar, which is included in Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated financial statements, was $0.1 million at December 31, 2010.
We have obtained non-recourse mortgage financing in the local currency. To the extent that currency fluctuations increase or decrease rental revenues as translated to dollars, the change in debt service, as translated to dollars, will partially offset the effect of fluctuations in revenue, and, to some extent, mitigate the risk from changes in foreign currency rates.
Scheduled future minimum rents, exclusive of renewals, under non-cancelable operating leases for our foreign operations during each of the next five years and thereafter, are as follows (in thousands):
                                                         
Lease Revenues(a)   2011     2012     2013     2014     2015     Thereafter     Total  
Euro
  $ 65,990     $ 66,062     $ 66,147     $ 66,147     $ 66,143     $ 772,618     $ 1,103,107  
British pound sterling
    4,726       4,783       4,851       4,919       4,667       69,841       93,787  
Other foreign currencies (b)
    7,692       7,695       7,694       7,694       7,692       53,584       92,051  
 
                                         
 
  $ 78,408     $ 78,540     $ 78,692     $ 78,760     $ 78,502     $ 896,043     $ 1,288,945  
 
                                         
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Scheduled debt service payments (principal and interest) for mortgage notes payable for our foreign operations during each of the next five years and thereafter, are as follows (in thousands):
                                                         
Debt service(a)   2011     2012     2013     2014     2015     Thereafter     Total  
Euro
  $ 40,444     $ 40,618     $ 41,515     $ 81,581     $ 43,931     $ 512,836     $ 760,925  
British pound sterling
    2,825       2,835       2,838       15,348       7,045       19,223       50,114  
Other foreign currencies (b)
    4,761       4,818       4,768       12,892       9,577       29,459       66,275  
 
                                         
 
  $ 48,030     $ 48,271     $ 49,121     $ 109,821     $ 60,553     $ 561,518     $ 877,314  
 
                                         
 
     
(a)   Based on the applicable exchange rate at December 31, 2010. Contractual rents and debt obligations are denominated in the functional currency of the country of each property.
 
(b)   Other currencies consist of the Canadian dollar, the Malaysian ringgit, the Swedish krona and the Thai baht.
As a result of scheduled balloon payments on non-recourse mortgage loans, projected debt service obligations exceed projected lease revenues in 2014. In 2014, balloon payments totaling $61.6 million are due on several non-recourse mortgage loans. We anticipate that, by 2014, we will seek to refinance certain of these loans or will use existing cash resources to make these payments, if necessary.
Other
We own stock warrants that were granted to us by lessees in connection with structuring initial lease transactions and that are defined as derivative instruments because they are readily convertible to cash or provide for net settlement upon conversion. Changes in the fair value of these derivative instruments are determined using an option pricing model and are recognized currently in earnings as gains or losses. At December 31, 2010, warrants issued to us were classified as derivative instruments and had an aggregate estimated fair value of $1.3 million.
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Item 8.  
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
The following financial statements and schedules are filed as a part of this Report:
         
    53  
 
       
    54  
 
       
    55  
 
       
    56  
 
       
    57  
 
       
    58  
 
       
    60  
 
       
    89  
 
       
    92  
 
       
    93  
 
       
    93  
Financial statement schedules other than those listed above are omitted because the required information is given in the financial statements, including the notes thereto, or because the conditions requiring their filing do not exist.
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Corporate Property Associates 16 — Global Incorporated:
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the accompanying index present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Corporate Property Associates 16 - Global Incorporated and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) at December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedules listed in the accompanying index present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. These financial statements and financial statement schedules are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedules based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
New York, New York
March 30, 2011
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CORPORATE PROPERTY ASSOCIATES 16 — GLOBAL INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share amounts)
                 
    December 31,  
    2010     2009  
Assets
               
Investments in real estate:
               
Real estate, at cost (inclusive of amounts attributable to consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of $428,061 and $454,311, respectively)
  $ 1,730,421     $ 1,696,872  
Operating real estate, at cost (inclusive of amounts attributable to consolidated VIEs of $29,219 for both periods presented)
    84,772       83,718  
Accumulated depreciation (inclusive of amounts attributable to consolidated VIEs of $38,981 and $30,292, respectively)
    (155,580 )     (118,833 )
 
           
Net investments in properties
    1,659,613       1,661,757  
Real estate under construction
          61,588  
Net investment in direct financing leases (inclusive of amounts attributable to consolidated VIEs of $49,705 and $52,521, respectively)
    318,233       342,055  
Assets held for sale
    440        
Equity investments in real estate and other
    149,614       158,149  
 
           
Net investments in real estate
    2,127,900       2,223,549  
Notes receivable (inclusive of amounts attributable to consolidated VIEs of $21,805 and $337,397, respectively)
    55,504       362,707  
Cash and cash equivalents (inclusive of amounts attributable to consolidated VIEs of $17,195 and $14,199, respectively)
    59,012       83,985  
Intangible assets, net (inclusive of amounts attributable to consolidated VIEs of $25,900 and $29,209, respectively)
    149,082       162,432  
Funds in escrow (inclusive of amounts attributable to consolidated VIEs of $7,840 and $12,339, respectively)
    15,962       21,586  
Other assets, net (inclusive of amounts attributable to consolidated VIEs of $3,506 and $7,908, respectively)
    30,499       34,746  
 
           
Total assets
  $ 2,437,959     $ 2,889,005  
 
           
Liabilities and Equity
               
Liabilities:
               
Non-recourse debt (inclusive of amounts attributable to consolidated VIEs of $426,783 and $463,309, respectively)
  $ 1,369,248     $ 1,445,889  
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities (inclusive of amounts attributable to consolidated VIEs of $10,241 and $14,189, respectively)
    30,875       36,290  
Prepaid and deferred rental income and security deposits (inclusive of amounts attributable to consolidated VIEs of $11,137 and $12,476, respectively)
    57,095       58,063  
Due to affiliates
    7,759       14,193  
Distributions payable
    20,826       20,346  
 
           
Total liabilities
    1,485,803       1,574,781  
 
           
Redeemable noncontrolling interests
    21,805       337,397  
 
           
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)
               
Equity:
               
CPA®:16 — Global shareholders’ equity:
               
Common stock, $.001 par value; 250,000,000 shares authorized; 134,708,674 and 129,995,172 shares issued, respectively
    135       130  
Additional paid-in capital
    1,216,565       1,174,230  
Distributions in excess of accumulated earnings
    (275,948 )     (225,462 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    (8,460 )     5,397  
 
           
 
    932,292       954,295  
Less, treasury stock at cost, 8,952,317 and 7,134,071 shares, respectively
    (81,080 )     (65,636 )
 
           
Total CPA ® :16 — Global shareholders’ equity
    851,212       888,659  
 
           
Noncontrolling interests
    79,139       88,168  
 
           
Total equity
    930,351       976,827  
 
           
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 2,437,959     $ 2,889,005  
 
           
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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CORPORATE PROPERTY ASSOCIATES 16 — GLOBAL INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
                         
    For the years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Revenues
                       
Rental income
  $ 153,755     $ 149,839     $ 146,963  
Interest income from direct financing leases
    27,101       27,448       28,864  
Interest income on notes receivable
    25,955       28,796       29,478  
Other real estate income
    24,815       23,660       23,375  
Other operating income
    3,133       3,161       3,128  
 
                 
 
    234,759       232,904       231,808  
 
                 
Operating Expenses
                       
Depreciation and amortization
    (48,706 )     (47,213 )     (45,011 )
Property expenses
    (29,280 )     (32,317 )     (31,586 )
Other real estate expenses
    (18,697 )     (18,064 )     (19,377 )
General and administrative
    (10,423 )     (9,057 )     (12,521 )
Impairment charges
    (9,808 )     (30,337 )     (890 )
 
                 
 
    (116,914 )     (136,988 )     (109,385 )
 
                 
Other Income and Expenses
                       
Income from equity investments in real estate
    17,573       13,837       8,769  
Other interest income
    268       217       4,083  
Gain on extinguishment of debt
          6,512        
Other income and (expenses)
    88     (734 )     (1,822 )
Interest expense
    (79,225 )     (80,358 )     (82,636 )
 
                 
 
    (61,296 )     (60,526 )     (71,606 )
 
                 
Income before income taxes
    56,549       35,390       50,817  
Provision for income taxes
    (4,847 )     (5,794 )     (4,169 )
 
                 
Income from continuing operations
    51,702       29,596       46,648  
 
                 
Discontinued Operations
                       
Income from operations of discontinued properties
    (425 )     (963 )     712  
Gain on deconsolidation of a subsidiary
    7,082              
Gain on sale of real estate
          7,634        
Gain on extinguishment of debt
    879       2,313        
Impairment charges
          (25,621 )      
 
                 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
    7,536       (16,637 )     712  
 
                 
Net Income
    59,238       12,959       47,360  
 
                 
Add: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (4,905 )     8,050       (339 )
Less: Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
    (22,326 )     (23,549 )     (26,774 )
 
                 
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to CPA®16 — Global Shareholders
  $ 32,007     $ (2,540 )   $ 20,247  
 
                 
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
                       
Income from continuing operations attributable to CPA®16 — Global shareholders
  $ 0.23     $ 0.03     $ 0.16  
Income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to CPA®16 — Global shareholders
    0.03       (0.05 )     0.01  
 
                 
Net income (loss) attributable to CPA®16 — Global shareholders
  $ 0.26     $ (0.02 )   $ 0.17  
 
                 
 
                       
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding
    124,631,975       122,824,957       121,314,180  
 
                 
 
                       
Amounts Attributable to CPA®16 — Global Shareholders
                       
Income from continuing operations, net of tax
    28,001       4,055       19,095  
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
    4,006       (6,595 )     1,152  
 
                 
Net income (loss)
  $ 32,007     $ (2,540 )   $ 20,247  
 
                 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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CORPORATE PROPERTY ASSOCIATES 16 — GLOBAL INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in thousands)
                         
    For the years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Net Income
  $ 59,238     $ 12,959     $ 47,360  
Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income:
                       
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    (34,540 )     11,613       (44,188 )
Change in unrealized loss on derivative instruments
    (1,316 )     (900 )     (3,968 )
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities
    29       (28 )     55  
 
                 
 
    (35,827 )     10,685       (48,101 )
 
                 
Comprehensive income (loss)
    23,411       23,644       (741 )
 
                 
Amounts Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests:
                       
Net (income) loss
    (4,905 )     8,050       (339 )
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    3,628       (1,860 )     3,459  
Change in unrealized gain on derivative instruments
    13       (13 )      
 
                 
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (1,264 )     6,177       3,120  
 
                 
Amounts Attributable to Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests:
                       
Net income
    (22,326 )     (23,549 )     (26,774 )
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    18,329       (5,555 )     14,877  
 
                 
Comprehensive income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
    (3,997 )     (29,104 )     (11,897 )
 
                 
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to CPA®16 — Global Shareholders
  $ 18,150     $ 717     $ (9,518 )
 
                 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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CORPORATE PROPERTY ASSOCIATES 16 — GLOBAL INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
                                                                         
                            Distributions     Accumulated             Total              
                    Additional     in Excess of     Other             CPA®:16 -              
            Common     Paid-in     Accumulated     Comprehensive     Treasury     Global     Noncontrolling        
    Shares     Stock     Capital     Earnings     Income (Loss)     Stock     Shareholders     Interests     Total  
Balance at January 1, 2008
    119,067,110     $ 121     $ 1,085,506     $ (82,481 )   $ 31,905     $ (13,954 )   $ 1,021,097     $ 73,555     $ 1,094,652  
Shares issued $.001 par, at $10 per share, net of offering costs
    3,543,833       3       32,220                               32,223               32,223  
Shares, $.001 par, issued to the advisor at $10 per share
    1,240,982       1       12,409                               12,410               12,410  
Distributions declared ($0.6576 per share)
                            (79,704 )                     (79,704 )             (79,704 )
Contributions
                                                          24,396       24,396  
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
                                                          (8,122 )     (8,122 )
Net income
                            20,247                       20,247       339       20,586  
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                                                                       
Foreign currency translation adjustment
                                    (25,852 )             (25,852 )     (3,459 )     (29,311 )
Change in unrealized loss on derivative instruments
                                    (3,968 )             (3,968 )           (3,968 )
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities
                                    55               55               55  
Repurchase of shares
    (1,786,275 )                                     (16,612 )     (16,612 )             (16,612 )
 
                                                     
Balance at December 31, 2008
    122,065,650       125       1,130,135       (141,938 )     2,140       (30,566 )     959,896       86,709       1,046,605  
 
                                                     
Shares issued $.001 par, at $9.80 and $10.00 per share, net of offering costs
    3,440,053       4       32,257                               32,261               32,261  
Shares, $.001 par, issued to the advisor at $9.80 per share
    1,202,996       1       11,838                               11,839               11,839  
Distributions declared ($0.6621 per share)
                            (80,984 )                     (80,984 )             (80,984 )
Contributions
                                                          24,884       24,884  
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
                                                          (17,248 )     (17,248 )
Net income
                            (2,540 )                     (2,540 )     (8,050 )     (10,590 )
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                                                                       
Foreign currency translation adjustment
                                    4,198               4,198       1,860       6,058  
Change in unrealized loss on derivative instruments
                                    (913 )             (913 )     13       (900 )
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities
                                    (28 )             (28 )             (28 )
Repurchase of shares
    (3,847,598 )                                     (35,070 )     (35,070 )             (35,070 )
 
                                                     
Balance at December 31, 2009
    122,861,101       130       1,174,230       (225,462 )     5,397       (65,636 )     888,659       88,168       976,827  
 
                                                     
Shares issued $.001 par, at $9.80 and $9.20 per share, net of offering costs
    3,435,991       4       30,583                               30,587               30,587  
Shares, $.001 par, issued to the advisor at $9.20 per share
    1,277,511       1       11,752                               11,753               11,753  
Distributions declared ($0.6624 per share)
                            (82,493 )                     (82,493 )             (82,493 )
Contributions
                                                          417,458       417,458  
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
                                                          (427,751 )     (427,751 )
Net income
                            32,007                       32,007       4,905       36,912  
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                                                                       
Foreign currency translation adjustment
                                    (12,583 )             (12,583 )     (3,628 )     (16,211 )
Change in unrealized loss on derivative instruments
                                    (1,303 )             (1,303 )     (13 )     (1,316 )
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities
                                    29               29               29  
Repurchase of shares
    (1,818,246 )                                     (15,444 )     (15,444 )             (15,444 )
 
                                                     
Balance at December 31, 2010
    125,756,357     $ 135     $ 1,216,565     $ (275,948 )   $ (8,460 )   $ (81,080 )   $ 851,212     $ 79,139     $ 930,351  
 
                                                     
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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CORPORATE PROPERTY ASSOCIATES 16 — GLOBAL INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
                         
    For the years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Cash Flows — Operating Activities
                       
Net income
  $ 59,238     $ 12,959     $ 47,360  
Adjustments to net income:
                       
Depreciation and amortization including intangible assets and deferred financing costs
    49,664       49,348       47,800  
Straight-line rent adjustments, amortization of rent-related intangibles and financing lease adjustments
    594       3,007       821  
(Income) loss from equity investments in real estate in excess of distributions
    (1,660 )     1,788       3,987  
Issuance of shares to affiliate in satisfaction of fees due
    11,753       11,839       12,410  
Realized (gain) loss on foreign currency transactions and other, net
    (856 )     400       (1,407 )
Unrealized loss on foreign currency and derivative transactions, net
    768       378       3,365  
Gain on sale of real estate
          (7,634 )     (136 )
Gain on deconsolidation of a subsidiary
    (7,082 )            
Gain on extinguishment of debt
    (879 )     (8,825 )      
Impairment charges
    9,808       55,958       890  
Change in other operating assets and liabilities, net
    (8 )     661       2,345  
 
                 
Net cash provided by operating activities
    121,340       119,879       117,435  
 
                 
 
                       
Cash Flows — Investing Activities
                       
Distributions received from equity investments in real estate in excess of equity income
    5,245       46,959       12,064  
Contributions to equity investments in real estate
          (62,448 )     (8,274 )
Acquisition of real estate and other capital expenditures (a)
    (24,285 )     (137,380 )     (150,219 )
Funding/purchases of note receivable
    (7,794 )     (5,978 )     (7,291 )
Funds placed in escrow for future acquisition and construction of real estate
    (485 )           (18,843 )
Release of funds held in escrow for acquisition and construction of real estate
    1,553       11,122       39,072  
Proceeds from sale of real estate
    1       28,185       22,886  
Payment of deferred acquisition fees to affiliate
    (6,261 )     (9,082 )     (29,546 )
VAT taxes recovered in connection with acquisition of real estate
                3,711  
Receipt of principal payment of mortgage note receivable (b)
                301  
 
                 
Net cash used in investing activities
    (32,026 )     (128,622 )     (136,139 )
 
                 
 
                       
Cash Flows — Financing Activities
                       
Distributions paid
    (82,013 )     (80,778 )     (79,011 )
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests (b)
    (37,593 )     (44,447 )     (36,349 )
Contributions from noncontrolling interests
    3,534       24,884       747  
Proceeds from non-recourse debt financing
    36,946       78,516       102,124  
Scheduled payments of non-recourse debt
    (21,613 )     (18,747 )     (15,487 )
Prepayment of non-recourse debt financing
    (29,000 )     (34,781 )     (4,312 )
Deferred financing costs and mortgage deposits, net of deposits refunded
    (41 )     (386 )     (688 )
Proceeds from issuance of shares, net of costs of raising capital
    30,587       32,261       32,223  
Purchase of treasury stock
    (15,444 )     (35,070 )     (16,612 )
 
                 
Net cash used in financing activities
    (114,637 )     (78,548 )     (17,365 )
 
                 
 
                       
Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents During the Year
                       
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
    350       (2,933 )     (1,481 )
 
                 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (24,973 )     (90,224 )     (37,550 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
    83,985       174,209       211,759  
 
                 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
  $ 59,012     $ 83,985     $ 174,209  
 
                 
(Continued)
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CORPORATE PROPERTY ASSOCIATES 16 — GLOBAL INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS, CONTINUED
Non-cash investing and financing activities
 
     
(a)  
Included in the cost basis of real estate investments acquired in 2009 and 2008 are deferred acquisition fees payable of $2.4 million and $3.4 million, respectively. No investments were acquired in 2010.
 
(b)  
During 2010, we and our affiliates exercised an option to acquire an additional interest in a venture from an unaffiliated third party. In this non-cash option exercise, we reduced the third party’s note receivable with us by $297.3 million (investing activities) and simultaneously reduced the noncontrolling interest held by the third party by $297.3 million (financing activities). See Note 5.
Supplemental cash flow information (in thousands):
                         
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Interest paid, net of amounts capitalized
  $ 78,462     $ 81,620     $ 86,044  
 
                 
Interest capitalized
  $ 2,793     $ 2,446     $ 2,419  
 
                 
Income taxes paid
  $ 4,871     $ 3,880     $ 5,717  
 
                 
Supplemental noncash investing activities (in thousands):
During the first quarter of 2010, we deconsolidated a subsidiary following possession by a receiver in January 2010 (Note 16). The following table presents the assets and liabilities of the venture on the date of consolidation.
         
Assets:
       
Net investments in properties
  $ 5,897  
Cash and cash equivalents
    43  
Intangible assets, net
    762  
Other assets, net
    759  
 
     
Total
  $ 7,461  
 
     
 
       
Liabilities:
       
Non-recourse debt
  $ (13,336 )
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
    (1,207 )
 
     
Total
  $ (14,543 )
 
     
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1. Business and Organization
Corporate Property Associates 16 — Global Incorporated is a publicly owned, non-listed REIT that invests in commercial properties leased to companies domestically and internationally. As a REIT, we are not subject to U.S. federal income taxation as long as we satisfy certain requirements, principally relating to the nature of our income, the level of our distributions and other factors. We earn revenue principally by leasing the properties we own to single corporate tenants, primarily on a triple-net leased basis, which requires the tenant to pay substantially all of the costs associated with operating and maintaining the property. Revenue is subject to fluctuation because of the timing of new lease transactions, lease terminations, lease expirations, contractual rent increases, tenant defaults and sales of properties. At December 31, 2010, our portfolio was comprised of our full or partial ownership interests in 384 properties, substantially all of which were triple-net leased to 79 tenants, and totaled approximately 27 million square feet (on a pro rata basis) with an occupancy rate of 99% (occupancy rate and square footage are unaudited). We were formed as a Maryland corporation in June 2003 and are managed by the advisor.
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements reflect all of our accounts, including those of our majority-owned and/or controlled subsidiaries. The portion of equity in a subsidiary that is not attributable, directly or indirectly, to us is presented as noncontrolling interests. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
In June 2009, the FASB issued amended guidance related to the consolidation of VIEs. The amended guidance affects the overall consolidation analysis, changing the approach taken by companies in identifying which entities are VIEs and in determining which party is the primary beneficiary, and requires an enterprise to qualitatively assess the determination of the primary beneficiary of a VIE based on whether the entity (i) has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE, and (ii) has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The amended guidance changes the consideration of kick-out rights in determining if an entity is a VIE, which may cause certain additional entities to now be considered VIEs. Additionally, the guidance requires an ongoing reconsideration of the primary beneficiary and provides a framework for the events that trigger a reassessment of whether an entity is a VIE. We adopted this amended guidance on January 1, 2010, which did not require consolidation of any additional VIEs, but we have disclosed the assets and liabilities related to previously consolidated VIEs, of which we are the primary beneficiary and which we consolidate, separately in our consolidated balance sheets for all periods presented. The adoption of this amended guidance did not have a material impact on our financial position and results of operations.
In connection with the adoption of the amended guidance on the consolidation of VIEs, we performed an analysis of all of our subsidiary entities, including our venture entities with other parties and our stake in The Talaria Company (Hinckley), to determine whether they qualify as VIEs and whether they should be consolidated or accounted for as equity investments in an unconsolidated venture. As a result of our quantitative and qualitative assessment to determine whether these entities are VIEs, we identified six entities that were deemed to be VIEs. These entities were deemed VIEs as either: the third-party tenant that leases property from each entity has the right to repurchase the property during the term of their lease at a fixed price, our venture partners to the entity were not deemed to have sufficient equity at risk, a third party was deemed to have the power to direct matters that most significantly impact the entity, or a third party was deemed to have the right to receive the expected residual returns of the entity. The nature of operations and organizational structure of these VIEs are consistent with our other entities (Note 1) except for the repurchase and residual returns rights of these entities.
After making the determination that these entities were VIEs, we performed an assessment as to which party would be considered the primary beneficiary of each entity and would be required to consolidate each entity’s balance sheet and results of operations. This assessment was based upon which party (i) had the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and (ii) had the obligation to absorb the expected losses of or right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Based on our assessment, it was determined that we would continue to consolidate six of the VIEs. During the first quarter of 2010, one of the VIEs was deconsolidated and reclassified as an asset held for sale in connection with the property being placed into receivership (Note 16). Activities that we considered significant in our assessment included which entity had control over financing decisions, leasing decisions and ability to sell the entity’s assets.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Because we generally utilize non-recourse debt, our maximum exposure to any VIE is limited to the equity we have invested in each VIE. We have not provided financial or other support to any VIE, and there were no guarantees or other commitments from third parties that would affect the value of or risk related to our interest in such entities.
We have investments in tenant-in-common interests in various domestic and international properties. Consolidation of these investments is not required as they do not qualify as VIEs and do not meet the control requirement required for consolidation. Accordingly, we account for these investments using the equity method of accounting. We use the equity method of accounting because the shared decision-making involved in a tenant-in-common interest investment creates an opportunity for us to have significant influence on the operating and financial decisions of these investments and thereby creates some responsibility by us for a return on our investment. Additionally, we own interests in single-tenant net leased properties leased to corporations through noncontrolling interests in partnerships and limited liability companies that we do not control but over which we exercise significant influences. We account for these investments under the equity method of accounting. At times the carrying value of our equity investments may fall to below zero for certain investments. We are obligated to fund future operating losses for these investments.
Out-of-Period Adjustments
During the fourth quarter of 2008, we identified errors in the consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2005 through 2008. These errors related to accounting for pre-operating activities of certain hotel investments (aggregating $0.5 million in 2007 and $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008) and minimum rent increases for a lessee (aggregating $1.8 million over the period from 2005-2007 and $0.1 million in each of the first three quarters of 2008). In addition, during the first quarter of 2007, we identified errors in the consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006 related to accounting for foreign income taxes (aggregating $0.4 million over the period from 2005-2006).
We concluded that these adjustments were not material to any prior periods’ consolidated financial statements. We also concluded that the cumulative adjustment was not material to the year ended December 31, 2008, nor was it material to the years ended 2007, 2006 and 2005. As such, this cumulative effect was recorded in the consolidated statements of operations as out-of-period adjustments in the periods the issues were identified. The effect of these adjustments was to increase net income by $1.3 million for 2008 and decrease net income by $0.1 million, $0.4 million and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and the disclosure of contingent amounts in our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Reclassifications and Revisions
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. The consolidated financial statements included in this Report have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the disposition (or planned disposition) of certain properties as discontinued operations for all periods presented.
Purchase Price Allocation
When we acquire properties accounted for as operating leases, we allocate the purchase costs to the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities acquired based on their estimated fair values. We determine the value of the tangible assets, consisting of land and buildings, as if vacant, and record intangible assets, including the above-market and below-market value of leases, the value of in-place leases and the value of tenant relationships, at their relative estimated fair values. See Real Estate Leased to Others and Depreciation below for a discussion of our significant accounting policies related to tangible assets. We include the value of below-market leases in Prepaid and deferred rental income and security deposits in the consolidated financial statements.
We record above-market and below-market lease values for owned properties based on the present value (using an interest rate reflecting the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the leases negotiated and in place at the time of acquisition of the properties and (ii) our estimate of fair market lease rates for the property or equivalent property, both of which are measured over a period equal to the estimated market lease term. We amortize the capitalized above-market lease value as a reduction of rental income over the estimated market lease term. We amortize the capitalized below-market lease value as an increase to rental income over the initial term and any fixed-rate renewal periods in the respective leases.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
We allocate the total amount of other intangibles to in-place lease values and tenant relationship intangible values based on our evaluation of the specific characteristics of each tenant’s lease and our overall relationship with each tenant. The characteristics we consider in allocating these values include estimated market rent, the nature and extent of the existing relationship with the tenant, the expectation of lease renewals, estimated carrying costs of the property if vacant and estimated costs to execute a new lease, among other factors. We determine these values using our estimates or relying in part upon third-party appraisals. We amortize the capitalized value of in-place lease intangibles to expense over the remaining initial term of each lease. We amortize the capitalized value of tenant relationships to expense over the initial and expected renewal terms of the lease. No amortization period for intangibles will exceed the remaining depreciable life of the building.
If a lease is terminated, we charge the unamortized portion of each intangible, including above-market and below-market lease values, in-place lease values and tenant relationship values, to expense.
Real Estate and Operating Real Estate
We carry land and buildings and personal property at cost less accumulated depreciation. We capitalize renewals and improvements, while we expense replacements, maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets as incurred.
Real Estate Under Construction
For properties under construction, operating expenses including interest charges and other property expenses, including real estate taxes, are capitalized rather than expensed. We capitalize interest by applying the interest rate applicable to outstanding borrowings to the average amount of accumulated qualifying expenditures for properties under construction during the period.
Notes Receivable
For investments in mortgage notes and loan participations, the loans are initially reflected at acquisition cost which consists of the outstanding balance, net of the acquisition discount or premium. We amortize any discount or premium as an adjustment to increase or decrease, respectively, the yield realized on these loans using the effective interest method. As such, differences between carrying value and principal balances outstanding do not represent embedded losses or gains as we generally plan to hold such loans to maturity.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to cash and have a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Items classified as cash equivalents include commercial paper and money-market funds. Our cash and cash equivalents are held in the custody of several financial institutions, and these balances, at times, exceed federally insurable limits. We seek to mitigate this risk by depositing funds only with major financial institutions.
Marketable Securities
Marketable securities, which consist of an interest-only participation in a mortgage note receivable, are classified as available for sale securities and reported at fair value, with any unrealized gains and losses on these securities reported as a component of OCI until realized.
Other Assets and Other Liabilities
We include accounts receivable, stock warrants, marketable securities, deferred charges and deferred rental income in Other assets. We include derivatives and miscellaneous amounts held on behalf of tenants in Other liabilities. Deferred charges are costs incurred in connection with mortgage financings and refinancings that are amortized over the terms of the mortgages and included in Interest expense in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred rental income is the aggregate cumulative difference for operating leases between scheduled rents that vary during the lease term, and rent recognized on a straight-line basis.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Deferred Acquisition Fees Payable to Affiliate
Fees payable to the advisor for structuring and negotiating investments and related mortgage financing on our behalf are included in Due to affiliates. A portion of these fees is payable in equal annual installments each January of the three calendar years following the date on which a property was purchased. Payment of such fees is subject to the performance criterion (Note 3).
Treasury Stock
Treasury stock is recorded at cost.
Real Estate Leased to Others
We lease real estate to others primarily on a triple-net leased basis, whereby the tenant is generally responsible for all operating expenses relating to the property, including property taxes, insurance, maintenance, repairs, renewals and improvements. We charge expenditures for maintenance and repairs, including routine betterments, to operations as incurred. We capitalize significant renovations that increase the useful life of the properties. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, although we are legally obligated for the payment, pursuant to our lease agreements with our tenants, lessees were responsible for the direct payment to the taxing authorities of real estate taxes of $14.5 million, $14.7 million and $14.0 million, respectively.
We diversify our real estate investments among various corporate tenants engaged in different industries, by property type and by geographic area (Note 9). Substantially all of our leases provide for either scheduled rent increases, periodic rent adjustments based on formulas indexed to changes in the CPI or similar indices or percentage rents. CPI-based adjustments are contingent on future events and are therefore not included in straight-line rent calculations. We recognize rents from percentage rents as reported by the lessees, which is after the level of sales requiring a rental payment to us is reached.
We account for leases as operating or direct financing leases as described below:
Operating leases — We record real estate at cost less accumulated depreciation; we recognize future minimum rental revenue on a straight-line basis over the term of the related leases and charge expenses (including depreciation) to operations as incurred (Note 4).
Direct financing leases — We record leases accounted for under the direct financing method at their net investment (Note 5). We defer and amortize unearned income to income over the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of return on our net investment in the lease.
On an ongoing basis, we assess our ability to collect rent and other tenant-based receivables and determine an appropriate allowance for uncollected amounts. Because we have a limited number of lessees (20 lessees represented 69% of lease revenues during 2010), we believe that it is necessary to evaluate the collectability of these receivables based on the facts and circumstances of each situation rather than solely using statistical methods. Therefore, in recognizing our provision for uncollected rents and other tenant receivables, we evaluate actual past due amounts and make subjective judgments as to the collectability of those amounts based on factors including, but not limited to, our knowledge of a lessee’s circumstances, the age of the receivables, the tenant’s credit profile and prior experience with the tenant. Even if a lessee has been making payments, we may reserve for the entire receivable amount if we believe there has been significant or continuing deterioration in the lessee’s ability to meet its lease obligations.
Acquisition Costs
In accordance with the FASB’s revised guidance for business combinations, which we adopted on January 1, 2009, we immediately expense all acquisition costs and fees associated with transactions deemed to be business combinations, but we capitalize these costs for transactions deemed to be acquisitions of an asset. To the extent we make investments for our owned portfolio that are deemed to be business combinations, our results of operations will be negatively impacted by the immediate expensing of acquisition costs and fees incurred in accordance with the revised guidance, whereas in the past such costs and fees would generally have been capitalized and allocated to the cost basis of the acquisition. Subsequent to the acquisition, there will be a positive impact on our results of operations through a reduction in depreciation expense over the estimated life of the properties. Historically, we have not acquired investments that would be deemed business combinations under the revised guidance.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Depreciation
We compute depreciation of building and related improvements using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the properties, or improvements, which range from 3 to 40 years. We compute depreciation of tenant improvements using the straight-line method over the lesser of the remaining term of the lease or the estimated useful life.
Impairments
On a quarterly basis, we assess whether there are any indicators that the value of our long-lived assets may be impaired or that their carrying value may not be recoverable. These impairment indicators include, but are not limited to, the vacancy of a property that is not subject to a lease; a lease default by a tenant that is experiencing financial difficulty; the termination of a lease by a tenant or the rejection of a lease in a bankruptcy proceeding. We may incur impairment charges on long-lived assets, including real estate, direct financing leases, assets held for sale and equity investments in real estate. We may also incur impairment charges on marketable securities. Our policies for evaluating whether these assets are impaired are presented below.
Real Estate
For real estate assets in which an impairment indicator is identified, we follow a two-step process to determine whether an asset is impaired and to determine the amount of the charge. First, we compare the carrying value of the property to the future net undiscounted cash flow that we expect the property will generate, including any estimated proceeds from the eventual sale of the property. The undiscounted cash flow analysis requires us to make our best estimate of market rents, residual values and holding periods. Depending on the assumptions made and estimates used, the future cash flow projected in the evaluation of long-lived assets can vary within a range of outcomes. We consider the likelihood of possible outcomes in determining the best possible estimate of future cash flows. If the future net undiscounted cash flow of the property is less than the carrying value, the property is considered to be impaired. We then measure the loss as the excess of the carrying value of the property over its estimated fair value.
Direct Financing Leases
We review our direct financing leases at least annually to determine whether there has been an other-than-temporary decline in the current estimate of residual value of the property. The residual value is our estimate of what we could realize upon the sale of the property at the end of the lease term, based on market information. If this review indicates that a decline in residual value has occurred that is other-than-temporary, we recognize an impairment charge and revise the accounting for the direct financing lease to reflect a portion of the future cash flow from the lessee as a return of principal rather than as revenue. While we evaluate direct financing leases if there are any indicators that the residual value may be impaired, the evaluation of a direct financing lease can be affected by changes in projected long-term market conditions even though the obligations of the lessee are being met.
Assets Held for Sale
We classify real estate assets that are accounted for as operating leases as held for sale when we have entered into a contract to sell the property, all material due diligence requirements have been satisfied and we believe it is probable that the disposition will occur within one year. When we classify an asset as held for sale, we calculate its estimated fair value as the expected sale price, less expected selling costs. We then compare the asset’s estimated fair value to its carrying value, and if the estimated fair value is less than the property’s carrying value, we reduce the carrying value to the estimated fair value. We will continue to review the property for subsequent changes in the estimated fair value, and may recognize an additional impairment charge if warranted.
Equity Investments in Real Estate
We evaluate our equity investments in real estate on a periodic basis to determine if there are any indicators that the value of our equity investment may be impaired and whether or not that impairment is other-than-temporary. To the extent impairment has occurred, we measure the charge as the excess of the carrying value of our investment over its estimated fair value, which is determined by multiplying the estimated fair value of the underlying venture’s net assets by our ownership interest percentage.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Marketable Securities
We evaluate our marketable securities for impairment if a decline in estimated fair value below cost basis is considered other-than-temporary. In determining whether the decline is other-than-temporary, we consider the underlying cause of the decline in value, the estimated recovery period, the severity and duration of the decline, as well as whether we plan to sell the security or will more likely than not be required to sell the security before recovery of its cost basis. If we determine that the decline is other-than-temporary, we record an impairment charge to reduce our cost basis to the estimated fair value of the security. Beginning in 2009, the credit component of an other-than-temporary impairment is recognized in earnings while the non-credit component is recognized in OCI. Prior to 2009, all portions of other-than-temporary impairments were recorded in earnings.
Assets Held for Sale
We classify assets that are accounted for as operating leases as held for sale when we have entered into a contract to sell the property, all material due diligence requirements have been satisfied and we believe it is probable that the disposition will occur within one year. Assets held for sale are recorded at the lower of carrying value or estimated fair value, which is generally calculated as the expected sale price, less expected selling costs. The results of operations and the related gain or loss on sale of properties that have been sold or that are classified as held for sale are included in discontinued operations (Note 16).
If circumstances arise that we previously considered unlikely and, as a result, we decide not to sell a property previously classified as held for sale, we reclassify the property as held and used. We record a property that is reclassified as held and used at the lower of (i) its carrying amount before the property was classified as held for sale, adjusted for any depreciation expense that would have been recognized had the property been continuously classified as held and used or (ii) the estimated fair value at the date of the subsequent decision not to sell.
We recognize gains and losses on the sale of properties when, among other criteria, the parties are bound by the terms of the contract, all consideration has been exchanged and all conditions precedent to closing have been performed. At the time the sale is consummated, a gain or loss is recognized as the difference between the sale price, less any selling costs, and the carrying value of the property.
Foreign Currency Translation
We have interests in real estate investments in the European Union, Canada, Malaysia, Mexico and Thailand and own interests in properties in the European Union. The functional currencies for these investments are primarily the Euro and the British Pound Sterling and, to a lesser extent, the Swedish krona, the Canadian dollar, the Thai baht, and the Malaysian ringgit. We perform the translation from these local currencies to the U.S. dollar for assets and liabilities using current exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using a weighted average exchange rate during the period. We report the gains and losses resulting from this translation as a component of OCI in equity. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, the cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment was a loss of $4.7 million and gain of $7.8 million, respectively.
Foreign currency transactions may produce receivables or payables that are fixed in terms of the amount of foreign currency that will be received or paid. A change in the exchange rates between the functional currency and the currency in which a transaction is denominated increases or decreases the expected amount of functional currency cash flows upon settlement of that transaction. That increase or decrease in the expected functional currency cash flows is an unrealized foreign currency transaction gain or loss that generally will be included in determining net income for the period in which the exchange rate changes. Likewise, a transaction gain or loss (measured from the transaction date or the most recent intervening balance sheet date, whichever is later), realized upon settlement of a foreign currency transaction generally will be included in net income for the period in which the transaction is settled. Foreign currency transactions that are (i) designated as, and are effective as, economic hedges of a net investment and (ii) intercompany foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term nature (that is, settlement is not planned or anticipated in the foreseeable future), when the entities to the transactions are consolidated or accounted for by the equity method in our financial statements are not included in determining net income are accounted for in the same manner as foreign currency translation adjustments and reported as a component of OCI in equity. International equity investments in real estate were funded in part through subordinated intercompany debt.
Foreign currency intercompany transactions that are scheduled for settlement, consisting primarily of accrued interest and the translation to the reporting currency of subordinated intercompany debt with scheduled principal payments, are included in the determination of net income. We recorded an unrealized loss of less than $0.1 million, an unrealized gain of $0.4 million and an unrealized loss of $0.2 million from such transactions for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009, and 2008, we recognized a realized gain of $0.4 million, a realized loss of $0.4 million and a realized gain of $1.4 million, respectively, on foreign currency transactions in connection with the transfer of cash from foreign operations of subsidiaries to the parent company.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Derivative Instruments
We measure derivative instruments at fair value and record them as assets or liabilities, depending on our rights or obligations under the applicable derivative contract. Derivatives that are not designated as hedges must be adjusted to fair value through earnings. Derivative instruments that are designated as hedges and are used to hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. For fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivative are offset against the change in fair value of the hedged asset, liability, or firm commitment through earnings. Derivatives that are designated as hedges and are used to hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. For cash flow hedges, the effective portion of a derivative instrument is recognized in Other comprehensive income or loss in equity until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. For cash flow hedges, the ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value is immediately recognized in earnings.
Income Taxes
We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code. In order to maintain our qualification as a REIT, we are required, among other things, to distribute at least 90% of our REIT net taxable income to our shareholders and meet certain tests regarding the nature of our income and assets. As a REIT, we are not subject to federal income tax with respect to the portion of our income that meets certain criteria and is distributed annually to shareholders. Accordingly, no provision for federal income taxes is included in the consolidated financial statements with respect to these operations. We believe we have operated, and we intend to continue to operate, in a manner that allows us to continue to meet the requirements for taxation as a REIT.
We conduct business in various states and municipalities within the U.S. and the European Union and, as a result, we or one or more of our subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and certain foreign jurisdictions. As a result, we are subject to certain foreign, state and local taxes and a provision for such taxes is included in the consolidated financial statements.
Significant judgment is required in determining our tax provision and in evaluating our tax positions. We establish tax reserves based on a benefit recognition model, which we believe could result in a greater amount of benefit (and a lower amount of reserve) being initially recognized in certain circumstances. Provided that the tax position is deemed more likely than not of being sustained, we recognize the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being ultimately realized upon settlement. We derecognize the tax position when it is no longer more likely than not of being sustained.
We elected to treat certain of our corporate subsidiaries as a TRS. In general, a TRS may perform additional services for our tenants and generally may engage in any real estate or non-real estate-related business (except for the operation or management of health care facilities or lodging facilities or providing to any person, under a franchise, license or otherwise, rights to any brand name under which any lodging facility or health care facility is operated). A TRS is subject to corporate federal income tax. Our TRS subsidiaries own hotels that are managed on our behalf by third-party hotel management companies.
Our earnings and profits, which determine the taxability of dividends to shareholders, differ from net income reported for financial reporting purposes due primarily to differences in depreciation, including hotel properties, for federal income tax purposes. Deferred income taxes relate primarily to our TRSs and are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for temporary differences between the financial reporting bases of assets and liabilities of our TRSs and their respective tax bases and for their operating loss and tax credit carry forwards based on enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when such amounts are realized or settled. However, deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is more likely than not that they will be realized based on consideration of available evidence, including tax planning strategies and other factors.
Although our TRSs may operate at a profit for federal income tax purposes in future periods, we cannot quantify the value of our deferred tax assets with certainty. Therefore, any deferred tax assets have been reserved, as we have not concluded that it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will be realizable.
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
We have a simple equity capital structure with only common stock outstanding. As a result, earnings (loss) per share, as presented, represents both basic and dilutive per share amounts for all periods presented in the consolidated financial statements.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 3. Agreements and Transactions with Related Parties
We have an advisory agreement with the advisor whereby the advisor performs certain services for us for a fee. The agreement that is currently in effect was recently renewed for an additional year pursuant to its terms effective October 1, 2010. Under the terms of this agreement, the advisor structures and negotiates the purchase and sale of investments and debt placement transactions for us, for which we pay the advisor structuring and subordinated disposition fees, and manages our day-to-day operations, for which we pay the advisor asset management and performance fees. In addition, we reimburse the advisor for certain administrative duties performed on our behalf. We also have certain agreements with joint ventures. These transactions are described below.
Asset Management and Performance Fees
We pay the advisor asset management and performance fees, each of which are 1/2 of 1% per annum of our average invested assets and are computed as provided for in the advisory agreement. The performance fees are subordinated to the performance criterion, a non-compounded cumulative annual distribution return of 6% per annum. The asset management and performance fees are payable in cash or restricted shares of our common stock at the advisor’s option. If the advisor elects to receive all or a portion of its fees in restricted shares, the number of restricted shares issued is determined by dividing the dollar amount of fees by our most recently published NAV per share as approved by our board of directors. For 2010, 2009 and 2008, the advisor elected to receive its asset management fees in cash and its performance fees in restricted shares. We incurred base asset management fees of $11.7 million, $11.7 million and $12.0 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, with performance fees in like amounts, both of which are included in Property expenses in the consolidated financial statements. At December 31, 2010, the advisor owned 6,984,627 shares (5.6%) of our common stock.
Transaction Fees
We also pay the advisor acquisition fees for structuring and negotiating investments and related mortgage financing on our behalf. Acquisition fees average 4.5% or less of the aggregate cost of investments acquired and are comprised of a current portion of 2.5%, which is paid at the date the property is purchased, and a deferred portion of 2%, which is payable in equal annual installments each January of the three calendar years following the date on which a property was purchased, subject to satisfying the 6% performance criterion. Interest on unpaid installments is 5% per year. We did not incur any current or deferred acquisitions fees during 2010. During 2009 and 2008, we incurred current acquisition fees of $3.0 million and $4.2 million, respectively, and deferred acquisition fees of $2.4 million and $3.4 million, respectively. In addition, in May 2008, CPA®:17 — Global purchased from us an additional interest in a venture as described below. In connection with this purchase, CPA®:17 — Global assumed from us deferred acquisition fees payable totaling $0.6 million. Unpaid installments of deferred acquisition fees totaled $2.7 million and $9.0 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and are included in Due to affiliates in the consolidated financial statements. We paid annual deferred acquisition fee installments of $6.3 million, $9.1 million and $29.5 million in cash to the advisor in January 2010, 2009, and 2008, respectively. We also pay the advisor mortgage refinancing fees, which totaled $0.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2010. No such mortgage refinancing fees were paid during the years ended December 31, 2009 or December 31, 2008.
We also pay fees to the advisor for services provided to us in connection with the disposition of investments. These fees, which are subordinated to the performance criterion and certain other provisions included in the advisory agreement, are deferred and are payable to the advisor only in connection with a liquidity event. Subordinated disposition fees totaled $1.0 million at both December 31, 2010 and 2009.
Other Expenses
We reimburse the advisor for various expenses it incurs in the course of providing services to us. We reimburse certain third-party expenses paid by the advisor on our behalf, including property-specific costs, professional fees, office expenses and business development expenses. In addition, we reimburse the advisor for the allocated costs of personnel and overhead in providing management of our day-to-day operations, including accounting services, shareholder services, corporate management, and property management and operations. We do not reimburse the advisor for the cost of personnel if these personnel provide services for transactions for which the advisor receives a transaction fee, such as acquisitions, dispositions and refinancings. We incurred personnel reimbursements of $3.4 million, $3.1 million and $3.1 million for 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, which are included in General and administrative expenses in the consolidated financial statements.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The advisor is obligated to reimburse us for the amount by which our operating expenses exceeds the 2%/25% guidelines (the greater of 2% of average invested assets or 25% of net income) as defined in the advisory agreement for any twelve-month period. If in any year our operating expenses exceed the 2%/25% guidelines, the advisor will have an obligation to reimburse us for such excess, subject to certain conditions. If our independent directors find that the excess expenses were justified based on any unusual and nonrecurring factors that they deem sufficient, the advisor may be paid in future years for the full amount or any portion of such excess expenses, but only to the extent that the reimbursement would not cause our operating expenses to exceed this limit in any such year. We will record any reimbursement of operating expenses as a liability until any contingencies are resolved and will record the reimbursement as a reduction of asset management and performance fees at such time that a reimbursement is fixed, determinable and irrevocable. Our operating expenses have not exceeded the amount that would require the advisor to reimburse us.
Proposed Merger
On December 13, 2010, we and CPA®:14 entered into a definitive agreement pursuant to which CPA®:14 will merge with and into one of our subsidiaries, subject to the approval of CPA®:14’s shareholders. In connection with this merger, we filed a registration statement with the SEC, which was declared effective by the SEC on March 8, 2011. Special shareholder meetings for both us and CPA®:14 are currently expected to be held on April 26, 2011 to obtain the approval of CPA®:14’s shareholders of the Proposed Merger and the alternate merger and the approval of our shareholders of the alternate merger, the UPREIT reorganization and a charter amendment to increase our number of authorized shares. The closing of the Proposed Merger is also subject to customary closing conditions. If the Proposed Merger is approved and the other closing conditions are satisfied, we currently expect that the closing will occur in the second quarter of 2011, although there can be no assurance of such timing.
If the Proposed Merger is consummated, based on their ownership of 8,018,456 shares of CPA®:14 at December 31, 2010, the advisor will receive approximately $8.0 million as a result of the $1.00 per share special cash distribution to be paid by CPA®:14 to its shareholders, in part from the proceeds of the sale of certain assets by CPA®:14, immediately prior to the Proposed Merger. The advisor has agreed to elect to receive our stock in respect of the shares of CPA®:14 it owns if the Proposed Merger is consummated.
In the Proposed Merger, CPA®:14 shareholders will be entitled to receive $11.50 per share, which is equal to the NAV per share of CPA®:14 as of September 30, 2010. The Merger Consideration will be paid to shareholders of CPA®:14, at their election, in either cash or a combination of the $1.00 per share special cash distribution and 1.1932 shares of our common stock, which equates to $10.50 based on our $8.80 per share NAV as of September 30, 2010. The advisor computed these NAVs internally, relying in part upon a third-party valuation of each company’s real estate portfolio and indebtedness as of September 30, 2010. Our board of directors and the board of directors of CPA®:14 each have the ability, but not the obligation, to terminate the transaction if more than 50% of the shareholders of CPA®:14 elect to receive cash in the Proposed Merger. Assuming that holders of 50% of CPA®:14’s outstanding stock elect to receive cash in the Proposed Merger, then the maximum cash required by us to purchase these shares would be approximately $416.1 million, based on the total shares of CPA®:14 outstanding at December 31, 2010. If the cash on hand and available to us and CPA®:14, including the expected proceeds from the sales of certain assets by CPA®:14 and a new $300.0 million senior credit facility, is not sufficient to enable us to fulfill cash elections in the Proposed Merger by CPA®:14 shareholders, WPC has agreed to purchase a sufficient number of shares of our common stock to enable us to pay such amounts to CPA®:14 shareholders.
In connection with the Proposed Merger, the advisor has agreed to indemnify us if we suffer certain losses arising out of a breach by CPA®:14 of its representations and warranties under the merger agreement and having a material adverse effect on us after the Proposed Merger, up to the amount of fees received by the advisor in connection with the Proposed Merger. The advisor also agreed to pay our out-of-pocket expenses if the merger agreement is terminated under certain circumstances up to a maximum of $5.0 million.
Joint Ventures and Other Transactions with Affiliates
Together with certain affiliates, we participate in an entity that leases office space used for the administration of real estate entities. This entity does not have any significant assets, liabilities or operations other than its interest in the office lease. Under the terms of an office cost-sharing agreement among the participants in this entity, rental, occupancy and leasehold improvement costs are allocated among the participants based on gross revenues and are adjusted quarterly. Our share of expenses incurred was $0.7 million, $0.8 million and $0.8 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Based on gross revenues through December 31, 2010, our current share of future annual minimum lease payments under this agreement would be $0.7 million annually through 2016.
In December 2010, as part of a restructuring of our lease with The Talaria Company (Hinckley), we received a 27% interest in Hinckley in the form of class B common shares. We recorded this investment at fair value on the date of the lease amendment which was $1.4 million. We account for this investment under the equity method of accounting (Note 7).
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
We own interests in entities ranging from 25% to 70%, as well as a jointly-controlled tenant-in-common interest in a property, with the remaining interests held by affiliates. We consolidate certain of these entities (Note 2) and account for the remainder under the equity method of accounting (Note 6).
In June 2008, our affiliate, CPA®:17 — Global, exercised its option to purchase an additional 49.99% interest in a domestic venture in which we and CPA®:17 — Global previously held 99.99% and 0.01% interests, respectively. In connection with this transaction, we recognized a gain of $0.1 million as a result of the sale of our interest in the venture. We continue to consolidate this investment because, in our capacity as the managing member, we have the right to control operations as well as the ability to dissolve the venture or otherwise purchase the interest of the other member.
In June 2007, we met our performance criterion, and as a result, $45.9 million, consisting of performance fees of $11.9 million, deferred acquisition fees of $31.7 million and interest thereon of $2.3 million, became payable to the advisor. We paid the previously deferred performance fees totaling $11.9 million to the advisor in July 2007 in the form of 1,194,549 restricted shares of our common stock. The deferred acquisition fees of $31.7 million and interest thereon of $2.3 million were payable to the advisor in cash beginning in January 2008. We paid installments of $28.3 million and $4.7 million in January 2008 and 2009, respectively, and paid the remaining installment of $1.1 million in January 2010. These amounts are exclusive of deferred acquisition fees and interest thereon incurred in connection with transactions completed subsequent to meeting the performance criterion.
Note 4. Net Investments in Properties
Real Estate
Real estate, which consists of land and buildings leased to others under operating leases, at cost, is summarized as follows (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2010     2009  
Land
  $ 338,979     $ 345,347  
Buildings
    1,391,442       1,351,525  
Less: Accumulated depreciation
    (145,957 )     (112,385 )
 
           
 
  $ 1,584,464     $ 1,584,487  
 
           
Operating Real Estate
Operating real estate, which consists primarily of our hotel operations, at cost, is summarized as follows (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2010     2009  
Land
  $ 8,296     $ 8,296  
Buildings
    76,476       75,422  
Less: Accumulated depreciation
    (9,623 )     (6,448 )
 
           
 
  $ 75,149     $ 77,270  
 
           
Acquisitions of Real Estate
2010 — We did not acquire any consolidated real estate investments during 2010. However, during 2010, we completed and placed into service a build-to-suit project and we reclassified $82.5 million from Real estate under construction to Real estate. The effects of this reclassification were partially offset by the adverse impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates on the carrying amount of our asset base as of December 31, 2010 as compared to December 31, 2009, representing a decrease of $39.0 million to Real Estate. The U.S. dollar strengthened against the Euro, as the end-of-period rate for the U.S. dollar in relation to the Euro at December 31, 2010 decreased 8% to $1.3253 from $1.4333 at December 31, 2009. In addition, real estate was reduced by $5.9 million in connection with the deconsolidation of a subsidiary in the first quarter of 2010 as described in Note 16.
2009 — In July 2009, a venture in which we and an affiliate hold 51% and 49% interests, respectively, and which we consolidate, entered into an investment in Hungary for a total cost of approximately $93.6 million, inclusive of noncontrolling interest of $45.9 million and acquisition fees payable to the advisor. In connection with this investment, which was deemed to be a real estate asset acquisition, we capitalized acquisition-related costs and fees totaling $4.6 million, inclusive of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests of $2.3 million.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Real Estate Under Construction
2009 — During 2009, we consolidated a domestic build-to-suit project that was previously accounted for under the equity method of accounting (Note 6). Costs incurred on this project through December 31, 2009 of $61.6 million have been presented as Real estate under construction in the consolidated balance sheet.
Additionally, during 2009, we entered into and completed a domestic expansion project for an existing tenant totaling $4.5 million. Capitalized acquisition-related costs and fees related to this project totaled $0.2 million. Upon completion of this expansion, we sold the property to an affiliate of our tenant for $50.6 million, net of selling costs (Note 16).
Scheduled future minimum rents, exclusive of renewals and expenses paid by tenants and future CPI — based adjustments, under non-cancelable operating leases are as follows (in thousands):
         
Years ending December 31,        
2011
  $ 159,724  
2012
    162,260  
2013
    162,827  
2014
    163,404  
2015
    163,716  
Thereafter through 2032
    1,638,505  
There were no percentage rents for operating leases in 2010, 2009 and 2008.
Note 5. Finance Receivables
Assets representing rights to receive money on demand or at fixed or determinable dates are referred to as finance receivables. Our finance receivable portfolios consist of direct financing leases and notes receivable. Operating leases are not included in finance receivables as such amounts are not recognized as an asset in the consolidated balance sheets.
Net Investment in Direct Financing Leases
Net investment in direct financing leases is summarized as follows (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2010     2009  
Minimum lease payments receivable
  $ 526,832     $ 546,606  
Unguaranteed residual value
    243,120       263,380  
 
           
 
    769,952       809,986  
Less: unearned income
    (451,719 )     (467,931 )
 
           
 
  $ 318,233     $ 342,055  
 
           
During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, in connection with our annual reviews of our estimated residual values of our properties, we recorded impairment charges related to several direct financing leases of $7.0 million, $2.3 million and $0.9 million, respectively. Impairment charges relate primarily to other-than-temporary declines in the estimated residual values of the underlying properties due to market conditions (Note 10). At December 31, 2010 and 2009, Other assets included $1.1 million and $4.1 million, respectively, of accounts receivable related to amounts billed under these direct financing leases.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Scheduled future minimum rents, exclusive of renewals and expenses paid by tenants and future CPI-based adjustments, under non-cancelable direct financing leases at December 31, 2010 are as follows (in thousands):
         
Years ending December 31,        
2011
  $ 31,154  
2012
    31,116  
2013
    31,169  
2014
    31,512  
2015
    32,016  
Thereafter through 2031
    369,865  
There were no percentage rents for direct financing leases in 2010, 2009 and 2008.
Notes Receivable
Hellweg 2
In April 2007, we and our affiliates acquired a property venture that in turn acquired a 24.7% ownership interest in a limited partnership. We and our affiliates also acquired a lending venture, which made a loan, the note receivable, to the holder of the remaining 75.3% interests in the limited partnership. We refer to this transaction as the Hellweg 2 transaction.
In connection with the acquisition, the property venture agreed to three option agreements that give the property venture the right to purchase, from our partner, the remaining 75.3% (direct and indirect) interest in the limited partnership at a price equal to the principal amount of the note receivable at the time of purchase. In November 2010, the property venture exercised the first of its three options and acquired from our partner a 70% direct interest in the limited partnership for $297.3 million, thus owning a (direct and indirect) 94.7% interest in the limited partnership. The property venture has assignable option agreements to acquire the remaining (direct and indirect) 5.3% interest in the limited partnership by October 2012. If the property venture does not exercise its option agreements, our partner has option agreements to put its remaining interests in the limited partnership to the property venture during 2014 at a price equal to the principal amount of the note receivable at the time of purchase. Currently, under the terms of the note receivable, the lending venture will receive interest income that approximates 5.3% of all income earned by the limited partnership less adjustments. Under the terms of the note receivable, the lending venture will receive interest at a fixed annual rate of 8%. The note receivable matures in April 2017. The note receivable has a principal balance of $21.8 million and $337.3 million, inclusive of our affiliates’ noncontrolling interest of $16.2 million and $250.9 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Other
In June 2007, we entered into an agreement to provide a developer with a construction loan of up to $14.8 million that provides for a variable annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 2.5% and matures in April 2010. This agreement was subsequently amended to provide for two notes for loans of up to $19.0 million and $4.9 million, respectively, with a variable annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 2.5% and a fixed interest rate of 8%, respectively, and maturity dates of December 2011. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, the balances of the construction notes receivable were $24.0 million and $15.6 million, respectively, inclusive of construction interest, which included amounts funded of $23.9 million and $14.8 million, respectively.
In addition, we had a note receivable which totaled $9.7 million and $9.6 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, with a fixed annual interest rate of 6.3% and a maturity date of February 2015.
Credit Quality of Finance Receivables
We generally seek investments in facilities that we believe are critical to the tenant’s business and that we believe have a low risk of tenant defaults. At December 31, 2010, our allowance for uncollected accounts of $0.2 million pertained to disputed property-related charges in connection with four tenants. All rents are current at December 31, 2010 for our finance receivables. Additionally, there have been no modifications of finance receivables. We evaluate the credit quality of our tenant receivables utilizing an internal 5-point credit rating scale, with 1 representing the highest credit quality and 5 representing the lowest. The credit quality of our tenant receivables was last updated in the fourth quarter of 2010.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
A summary of our tenant receivables by internal credit quality rating at December 31, 2010 is as follows (in thousands):
                                         
            Net Investment in                    
Internal Credit           Direct Financing     Number of              
Quality Indicator   Number of Tenants     Leases     Obligors     Note Receivable     Total  
1
    2     $ 39,505           $     $ 39,505  
2
    3       49,639       1       9,738       59,377  
3
    3       26,015       2       45,766       71,781  
4
    10       203,074                   203,074  
5
                             
 
                                 
 
          $ 318,233             $ 55,504     $ 373,737  
 
                                 
Note 6. Equity Investments in Real Estate and Other
We generally own interests in single-tenant net leased properties leased to corporations through noncontrolling interests in (i) partnerships and limited liability companies in which our ownership interests are 50% or less but over which we exercise significant influence, and (ii) as tenants-in-common subject to common control (Note 2). All of the underlying investments are owned with affiliates. We account for these investments under the equity method of accounting (i.e., at cost, increased or decreased by our share of earnings or losses, less distributions, plus fundings).
The following table sets forth our ownership interests in our equity investments in real estate and other and their respective carrying values (dollars in thousands):
                         
    Ownership     Carrying Value at  
    Interest at     December 31,  
Lessee   December 31, 2010     2010     2009  
The New York Times Company
    27 %   $ 33,888     $ 33,195  
U-Haul Moving Partners, Inc. and Mercury Partners, LP
    31 %     32,808       33,834  
Schuler A.G. (a) (b)
    33 %     21,892       23,469  
Hellweg Die Profi-Baumarkte GmbH & Co. KG (Hellweg 1)
    25 %     18,493       18,934  
TietoEnator Plc (a)(c)
    40 %     6,921       8,488  
Police Prefecture, French Government (a) (c)
    50 %     6,636       8,268  
Frontier Spinning Mills, Inc.
    40 %     6,249       6,077  
Pohjola Non-life Insurance Company (a) (c)
    40 %     5,419       6,632  
Actebis Peacock GmbH. (a) (c)
    30 %     5,043       5,644  
OBI A.G. (a) (c) (d)
    25 %     4,907       6,794  
Actuant Corporation (a)
    50 %     2,670       2,758  
Consolidated Systems, Inc. (b)
    40 %     2,109       2,131  
Talaria Holdings, LLC (e)
    27 %     1,400        
Barth Europa Transporte e.K/MSR Technologies GmbH
(formerly Lindenmaier A.G.) (a) (f)
    33 %     1,179       1,569  
Thales S.A. (a) (g)
    35 %           356  
 
                   
 
          $ 149,614     $ 158,149  
 
                   
 
     
(a)  
The carrying value of this investment is affected by the impact of fluctuations in the exchange rate of the Euro.
 
(b)  
Represents tenant-in-common interest.
 
(c)  
The decrease in carrying value was primarily due to cash distributions made to us by the venture.
 
(d)  
The carrying value of this investment included our share of the net loss on interest rate swap derivative instruments recognized by the venture.
 
(e)  
In connection with the restructuring of our lease with The Talaria Company (Hinckley), we received a 27% interest in Hinckley. This represents the fair market value of the interest received.
 
(f)  
During 2010, we recognized an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $0.2 million to reduce the carrying value of this venture to its estimated fair value (Note 10).
 
(g)  
During 2010, we recognized an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $0.8 million to reduce the carrying value of this venture to its estimated fair value (Note 10).
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As discussed in Note 2, we adopted the FASB’s amended guidance on the consolidation of VIEs effective January 1, 2010. Upon adoption of the amended guidance, we re-evaluated our existing interests in unconsolidated entities and determined that we should continue to account for our interest in The New York Times Company venture using the equity method of accounting. Carrying amounts related to this VIE are noted in the table above. Because we generally utilize non-recourse debt, our maximum exposure to this VIE is limited to the equity we have in the VIE. We have not provided financial or other support to this VIE, and there are no guarantees or other commitments from third parties that would affect the value of or risk related to our interest in this entity.
The following tables present combined summarized financial information of our venture properties. Amounts provided are the total amounts attributable to the venture properties and do not represent our proportionate share (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2010     2009  
Assets
  $ 1,406,049     $ 1,504,377  
Liabilities
    (936,691 )     (1,003,312 )
 
           
Partners’/members’ equity
  $ 469,358     $ 501,065  
 
           
                         
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Revenues
  $ 142,918     $ 141,324     $ 123,666  
Expenses
    (82,338 )     (85,123 )     (90,592 )
Impairment charges (a)
    (4,145 )     (13,119 )     (35,422 )
Gain on sale of real estate (b)
          11,084        
 
                 
Net income (loss)
  $ 56,435     $ 54,166     $ (2,348 )
 
                 
 
     
(a)  
The years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, reflect impairment charges incurred by a venture that leases property to Thales S.A. to reduce the carrying value of the property to its estimated fair value. The year ended December 31, 2009 also reflects impairment charges incurred by a venture that formerly leased properties to Lindenmaier A.G. as a result of the tenant’s bankruptcy filing. The year ended December 31, 2008 reflects impairment charges incurred by a venture on two vacant French properties to reduce the carrying values to their estimated fair values. See Note 10 for a discussion of other-than-temporary impairment charges incurred on our equity investments in real estate during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008.
 
(b)  
In July 2009, a venture sold four of its five properties back to the tenant for $46.6 million and recognized a gain on sale of $11.1 million.
We recognized income from these equity investments in real estate of $17.6 million, $13.8 million and $8.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Income from equity investments in real estate represents our proportionate share of the income or losses of these ventures as well as certain depreciation and amortization adjustments related to purchase accounting and other-than-temporary impairment charges.
CPA®:16 2010 10-K 73

 

 


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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NYT Real Estate Company, LLC is the tenant of a property pursuant to a net lease with our subsidiary, 620 Eighth NYT (NY) Limited Partnership, which was deemed to be a material equity investment during 2009 primarily because of impairment charges included in Income from continuing operations totaling $33.9 million on several of our consolidated investments in that year. The following tables present summarized combined balance sheet, income statement and cash flow information each for the period from March 6, 2009 (“inception”) through December 31, 2009 and the year ended December 31, 2010, as well as scheduled debt principal payments during each of the five years following December 31, 2010 of 620 Eighth NYT (NY) Limited Partnership and 620 Eighth Lender NYT (NY) Limited Partnership, collectively the “New York Times venture.” Amounts provided are the total amounts attributable to the New York Times venture and do not represent our proportionate share (in thousands):
                 
    620 Eighth NYT (NY) LP &  
    620 Eighth Lender NYT LP  
    December 31,     December 31,  
    2010     2009  
Assets
               
Net investment in direct financing lease
  $ 237,916     $ 235,608  
Note receivable
    49,560        
Other assets, net (a)
    6,526       9,041  
 
           
Total assets
  $ 294,002     $ 244,649  
 
           
 
               
Liabilities and Equity
               
Debt
  $ 116,684     $ 119,154  
Other liabilities (b)
    5,200       5,509  
 
           
Total liabilities
    121,884       124,663  
 
           
Capital
    172,118       119,986  
 
           
Total liabilities and capital
  $ 294,002     $ 244,649  
 
           
                 
    620 Eighth NYT (NY) LP &  
    620 Eighth Lender NYT LP  
    Year Ended     Inception through  
    December 31, 2010     December 31, 2009  
Revenues
               
Interest income from direct financing lease
  $ 27,094     $ 21,860  
Interest income from note receivable
    1,276        
 
           
 
    28,370       21,860  
 
           
 
               
Operating Expenses
               
General and administrative expenses
    (9 )     (24 )
 
           
 
    (9 )     (24 )
 
           
 
               
Other Income and Expenses
               
Other interest income
    3       1  
Interest expense
    (6,675 )     (2,248 )
 
           
 
    (6,672 )     (2,247 )
 
           
Net Income
  $ 21,689     $ 19,589  
 
           
                 
    620 Eighth NYT (NY) LP &  
    620 Eighth Lender NYT LP  
    Year Ended     Inception through  
    December 31, 2010     December 31, 2009  
Net cash provided by (used in):
               
Operating activities
  $ 19,510     $ 17,213  
Investing activities
    (49,693 )     (233,720 )
Financing activities
    30,181       216,566  
 
           
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
    (2 )     59  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
    59        
 
           
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
  $ 57     $ 59  
 
           
         
    620 Eighth NYT  
    (NY) LP & 620  
    Eighth Lender  
Years ending December 31,   NYT LP  
2011
  $ 2,613  
2012
    2,747  
2013
    2,889  
2014
    108,435  
 
     
Total
  $ 116,684  
 
     
     
(a)  
Other assets, net consist of cash and cash equivalents, escrow and restricted cash, deferred financing costs, derivative instruments, accrued interest, and other amounts receivable from the tenant.
 
(b)  
Other liabilities consist of prepaid rent and deferred rental income, accounts payable and accrued expenses.
CPA®:16 2010 10-K 74

 

 


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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 7. Intangible Assets and Liabilities
In connection with our acquisition of properties, we have recorded net lease intangibles of $147.2 million, which are being amortized over periods ranging from 10 years to 40 years. In-place lease, tenant relationship, above-market rent, management contract and franchise agreement intangibles are included in Intangible assets, net in the consolidated financial statements. Below-market rent intangibles are included in Prepaid and deferred rental income and security deposits in the consolidated financial statements.
Intangible assets and liabilities are summarized as follows (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2010     2009  
Amortized Intangible Assets
               
Management contract
  $ 874     $ 874  
Franchise agreement
    2,240       2,240  
Less: accumulated amortization
    (1,134 )     (785 )
 
           
 
    1,980       2,329  
 
           
 
               
Lease intangibles:
               
In-place lease
    114,544       115,437  
Tenant relationship
    33,934       34,674  
Above-market rent
    41,769       44,433  
Less: accumulated amortization
    (43,145 )     (34,441 )
 
           
Total intangible assets
    147,102       160,103  
 
           
 
  $ 149,082     $ 162,432  
 
           
 
               
Amortized Below-Market Rent Intangible Liabilities
               
Below-market rent
    (43,037 )     (43,541 )
Less: accumulated amortization
    6,963       5,331  
 
           
 
  $ (36,074 )   $ (38,210 )
 
           
Net amortization of intangibles, including the effect of foreign currency translation, was $8.0 million, $8.5 million and $8.4 million for 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Amortization of below-market and above-market rent intangibles is recorded as an adjustment to lease revenue, while amortization of in-place lease and tenant relationship intangibles is included in depreciation and amortization. Based on the intangibles recorded at December 31, 2010, scheduled net annual amortization of intangibles for each of the next five years is expected to be $8.0 million annually between 2011 and 2015.
Note 8. Fair Value Measurements
Under current authoritative accounting guidance for fair value measurements, the fair value of an asset is defined as the exit price, which is the amount that would either be received when an asset is sold or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers are: Level 1, for which quoted market prices for identical instruments are available in active markets, such as money market funds, equity securities and U.S. Treasury securities; Level 2, for which there are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the instrument, such as certain derivative instruments including interest rate caps and swaps; and Level 3, for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring us to develop our own assumptions, such as certain securities.
Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument:
Money Market Funds — Our money market funds consisted of government securities and treasury bills. These funds were classified as Level 1 as we used quoted prices from active markets to determine their fair values.
Derivative Liabilities — Our derivative liabilities are comprised of an interest rate swap and a foreign currency zero-cost collar. These derivative instruments were measured at fair value using readily observable market inputs, such as quotations on interest rates. Our derivative instruments were classified as Level 2 as these instruments are custom, over-the-counter contracts with various bank counterparties that are not traded in an active market.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Marketable Securities and Derivative Assets — Our marketable securities are comprised of our interest in an interest-only senior note. Our derivative assets are comprised of an embedded credit derivative and of stock warrants that were granted to us by lessees in connection with structuring initial lease transactions. These assets are not traded in an active market. We estimated the fair value of these assets using internal valuation models that incorporate market inputs and our own assumptions about future cash flows. We classified these assets as Level 3.
The following tables set forth our assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2010 and 2009 (in thousands):
                                 
            Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:  
            Quoted Prices in              
            Active Markets for     Significant Other     Unobservable  
            Identical Assets     Observable Inputs     Inputs  
Description   December 31, 2010     (Level 1)     (Level 2)     (Level 3)  
Assets:
                               
Money market funds
  $ 6,769     $ 6,769     $     $  
Marketable securities
    1,553                   1,553  
Derivative assets
    1,369                   1,369  
 
                       
 
  $ 9,691     $ 6,769     $     $ 2,922  
 
                       
Liabilities:
                               
Derivative liabilities
  $ (504 )   $     $ (504 )   $  
 
                       
                                 
            Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:  
            Quoted Prices in              
            Active Markets for     Significant Other     Unobservable  
            Identical Assets     Observable Inputs     Inputs  
Description   December 31, 2009     (Level 1)     (Level 2)     (Level 3)  
Assets:
                               
Money market funds
  $ 49,261     $ 49,261     $     $  
Marketable securities
    1,851                   1,851  
Derivative assets
    2,228             50       2,178  
 
                       
 
  $ 53,340     $ 49,261     $ 50     $ 4,029  
 
                       
Liabilities:
                               
Derivative liabilities
  $ (380 )   $     $ (380 )   $  
 
                       
Assets and liabilities presented above exclude assets and liabilities owned by unconsolidated ventures.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
                                                 
            Fair Value Measurements Using Significant          
    Unobservable Inputs (Level 3 only)  
    Year ended December 31, 2010     Year ended December 31, 2009  
    Marketable     Derivative             Marketable     Derivative        
    Securities     Assets     Total Assets     Securities     Assets     Total Assets  
Beginning balance
  $ 1,851     $ 2,178     $ 4,029     $ 2,192     $ 2,973     $ 5,165  
Total gains or losses (realized and unrealized):
                                               
Included in earnings
          (738 )     (738 )           (799 )     (799 )
Included in other comprehensive income
    29       (71 )     (42 )     (28 )     4       (24 )
Amortization and accretion
    (327 )           (327 )     (313 )           (313 )
 
                                   
Ending balance
  $ 1,553     $ 1,369     $ 2,922     $ 1,851     $ 2,178     $ 4,029  
 
                                   
 
                                               
The amount of total gains or losses for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at the reporting date
  $     $ (738 )   $ (738 )   $     $ (799 )   $ (799 )
 
                                   
We did not have any transfers into or out of Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 measurements during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009. Gains and losses (realized and unrealized) included in earnings are reported in Other income and expenses in the consolidated financial statements.
Our other financial instruments had the following carrying value and fair value (in thousands):
                                 
    December 31, 2010     December 31, 2009  
    Carrying Value     Fair Value     Carrying Value     Fair Value  
Non-recourse debt
  $ 1,369,248     $ 1,314,768     $ 1,445,889     $ 1,286,300  
Notes receivable
    55,504       55,682       362,707       363,389  
 
     
(a)  
Carrying value represents historical cost for marketable securities.
We determine the estimated fair value of our debt instruments and notes receivable using a discounted cash flow model with rates that take into account the credit of the tenants and interest rate risk. We estimate that our other financial assets and liabilities (excluding net investments in direct financing leases) had fair values that approximated their carrying values at both December 31, 2010 and 2009.
Items Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
We perform an assessment, when required, of the value of certain of our real estate investments in accordance with current authoritative accounting guidance. As part of that assessment, we determined the valuation of these assets using widely accepted valuation techniques, including expected discounted cash flows or an income capitalization approach, which considers prevailing market capitalization rates. We reviewed each investment based on the highest and best use of the investment and market participation assumptions. We determined that the significant inputs used to value these investments fall within Level 3. We calculated the impairment charges recorded during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 based on market conditions and assumptions that existed at the time. The valuation of real estate is subject to significant judgment and actual results may differ materially if market conditions or the underlying assumptions change.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table presents information about our nonfinancial assets that were measured on a fair value basis for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. For additional information regarding these impairment charges, refer to Note 10 for impairment charges from continuing operations and Note 16 for impairment changes from discontinued operations. All of the impairment charges were measured using unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in thousands):
                                                 
    Year ended December 31, 2010     Year ended December 31, 2009     Year ended December 31, 2008  
            Total             Total             Total  
    Total Fair Value     Impairment     Total Fair Value     Impairment     Total Fair Value     Impairment  
    Measurements     Charges     Measurements     Charges     Measurements     Charges  
Impairment Charges from Continuing Operations:
                                               
Net investments in properties
  $ 17,295     $ 2,835     $ 124,630     $ 24,068     $     $  
Net investments in direct financing leases
    39,565       6,973       167,752       2,279       55,977       890  
Equity investments in real estate
    1,226       1,046       1,925       3,598       4,583       3,085  
Intangible assets
    949             7,183       4,027              
 
                                   
 
  $ 59,035     $ 10,854     $ 301,490     $ 33,972     $ 60,560     $ 3,975  
 
                                   
 
                                               
Intangible liabilities
  $     $     $ (1,394 )   $ (37 )   $     $  
 
                                   
 
                                               
Impairment Charges from Discontinued Operations:
                                               
Net investments in properties
  $     $     $ 10,911     $ 22,083     $     $  
Intangible assets
                987       3,538              
 
                                   
 
  $     $     $ 11,898     $ 25,621     $     $  
 
                                   
Note 9. Risk Management and Use of Derivative Financial Instruments
Risk Management
In the normal course of our ongoing business operations, we encounter economic risk. There are three main components of economic risk: interest rate risk, credit risk and market risk. We are subject to interest rate risk on our interest-bearing liabilities. Credit risk is the risk of default on our operations and tenants’ inability or unwillingness to make contractually required payments. Market risk includes changes in the value of our properties and related loans as well as changes in the value of our marketable securities due to changes in interest rates or other market factors. In addition, we own investments in the European Union, Canada, Mexico, Malaysia and Thailand and are subject to the risks associated with changing foreign currency exchange rates.
Foreign Currency Exchange
We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate movements, primarily in the Euro and the British Pound Sterling and, to a lesser extent, certain other currencies. We manage foreign currency exchange rate movements by generally placing both our debt obligation to the lender and the tenant’s rental obligation to us in the same currency, but we are subject to foreign currency exchange rate movements to the extent of the difference in the timing and amount of the rental obligation and the debt service. We also face challenges with repatriating cash from our foreign investments. We may encounter instances where it is difficult to repatriate cash because of jurisdictional restrictions or because repatriating cash may result in current or future tax liabilities. Realized and unrealized gains and losses recognized in earnings related to foreign currency transactions are included in Other income and expenses in the consolidated financial statements.
Use of Derivative Financial Instruments
When we use derivative instruments, it is generally to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. We have not entered, and do not plan to enter into, financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. In addition to derivative instruments that we enter into on our own behalf, we may also be a party to derivative instruments that are embedded in other contracts, and we may own common stock warrants, granted to us by lessees when structuring lease transactions, that are considered to be derivative instruments. The primary risks related to our use of derivative instruments are that a counterparty to a hedging arrangement could default on its obligation or that the credit quality of the counterparty may be downgraded to such an extent that it impairs our ability to sell or assign our side of the hedging transaction. While we seek to mitigate these risks by entering into hedging arrangements with counterparties that are large financial institutions that we deem to be creditworthy, it is possible that our hedging transactions, which are intended to limit losses, could adversely affect our earnings. Furthermore, if we terminate a hedging arrangement, we may be obligated to pay certain costs, such as transaction or breakage fees. We have established policies and procedures for risk assessment and the approval, reporting and monitoring of derivative financial instrument activities.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
We measure derivative instruments at fair value and record them as assets or liabilities, depending on our rights or obligations under the applicable derivative contract. Derivatives that are not designated as hedges must be adjusted to fair value through earnings. If a derivative is designated as a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged asset, liability, or firm commitment through earnings or recognized in OCI until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. For cash flow hedges, the ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value is immediately recognized in earnings.
The following table sets forth certain information regarding our derivative instruments at December 31, 2010 and 2009 (in thousands):
                                         
        Asset Derivatives     Liability Derivatives  
Derivatives designated as   Balance Sheet   Fair Value at December 31,     Fair Value at December 31,  
hedging instruments   Location   2010     2009     2010     2009  
Foreign exchange contracts
  Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities   $     $     $ (106 )   $ (143 )
 
                                   
Interest rate swaps
  Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities                 (398 )     (237 )
 
                           
 
                    (504 )     (380 )
 
                           
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
                                   
Embedded credit derivatives
  Other assets, net   $ 46     $ 963     $     $  
Stock warrants
  Other assets, net     1,323       1,215              
 
                           
 
        1,369       2,178              
 
                           
 
                                   
Total derivatives
      $ 1,369     $ 2,178     $ (504 )   $ (380 )
 
                           
The following tables present the impact of derivative instruments on the consolidated financial statements (in thousands):
                                                 
    Amount of Gain (Loss)     Amount of Gain (Loss)  
    Recognized in OCI on Derivative     Reclassified from OCI into Income  
    (Effective Portion)     (Effective Portion)  
Derivatives in Cash Flow   Years ended December 31,     Years ended December 31,  
Hedging Relationships   2010     2009     2008     2010     2009     2008  
Interest rate swaps (a)
  $ (162 )   $ 284     $ (520 )   $     $     $  
Foreign currency forward contracts (a) (b)
    205       (143 )           (62 )     27        
Foreign currency collars
    (106 )                              
 
                                   
Total
  $ (63 )   $ 141     $ (520 )   $ (62 )   $ 27     $  
 
                                   
 
     
(a)  
During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, no gains or losses were reclassified from OCI into income related to ineffective portions of hedging relationships or to amounts excluded from effectiveness testing.
 
(b)  
Gains (losses) reclassified from OCI into income for contracts which have matured are included in Other income and expenses.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
                                 
            Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized  
            in Income on Derivatives  
Derivatives not in Cash Flow   Location of Gain (Loss)     Years ended December 31,  
Hedging Relationships   Recognized in Income     2010     2009     2008  
Embedded credit derivatives (a)
  Other income and (expenses)     $ (846 )   $ (1,136 )   $ (3,406 )
Stock warrants
  Other income and (expenses)       108       338       230  
 
                         
Total
          $ (738 )   $ (798 )   $ (3,176 )
 
                         
 
     
(a)   Includes losses attributable to noncontrolling interests totaling $0.6 million, $0.8 million and $2.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
A venture that leases properties to Berry Plastics Corporation, and in which we hold a 50% ownership interest, had a non-recourse mortgage loan with a total carrying value of $29.0 million at December 31, 2009. In May 2010, the venture refinanced this loan, replacing a variable-rate loan and a related interest rate cap with a ten-year fixed-rate loan bearing interest at an annual rate of 5.9%. The new loan calls for a scheduled balloon payment of $21.0 million in June 2020. As a result of this refinancing, the existing interest rate cap that had been designated as a hedge against the loan is no longer designated as a hedge and the related unrealized loss of less than $0.1 million included in Equity was expensed. The interest rate cap had an estimated total fair value of less than $0.1 million at both December 31, 2010 and 2009. No gains or losses were recognized in income related to this instrument during either the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 or 2008.
See below for information on our purposes for entering into derivative instruments, including those not designated as hedging instruments, and for information on derivative instruments owned by unconsolidated ventures, which are excluded from the tables above.
Interest Rate Swaps and Caps
We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes primarily through our borrowing activities. To limit this exposure, we attempt to obtain mortgage financing on a long-term, fixed-rate basis. However, from time to time, we or our venture partners may obtain variable-rate non-recourse mortgage loans and, as a result, may enter into interest rate swap agreements or interest rate cap agreements with counterparties. Interest rate swaps, which effectively convert the variable-rate debt service obligations of the loan to a fixed rate, are agreements in which one party exchanges a stream of interest payments for a counterparty’s stream of cash flow over a specific period. The notional, or face, amount on which the swaps are based is not exchanged. Interest rate caps limit the effective borrowing rate of variable-rate debt obligations while allowing participants to share in downward shifts in interest rates. Our objective in using these derivatives is to limit our exposure to interest rate movements.
The interest rate swap derivative instrument that we had outstanding at December 31, 2010 was designated as a cash flow hedge and is summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
                                                                 
                                    Effective                    
            Notional                     Interest     Effective     Expiration     Fair Value at  
    Type     Amount     Cap Rate     Spread     Rate     Date     Date     December 31, 2010  
1-Month LIBOR
  “Pay-fixed” swap     $ 3,807       N/A       N/A       6.7 %     2/2008       2/2018     $ (398 )
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The interest rate swap and interest rate cap derivative instruments that our unconsolidated ventures had outstanding at December 31, 2010 were designated as cash flow hedges and are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
                                                                         
    Ownership                                     Effective                    
    Interest at             Notional                     Interest     Effective     Expiration     Fair Value at  
    December 31, 2010     Type     Amount     Cap Rate     Spread     Rate     Date     Date     December 31, 2010  
3-Month LIBOR
    25.0 %   “Pay-fixed” swap   $ 155,356       N/A       N/A       5.0%-5.6 %     7/2006-4/2008       10/2015-7/1/2016     $ (10,279 )
3-Month LIBOR
    27.3 %   Interest rate cap     116,684       4.0 %     4.8 %     N/A       8/2009       8/2014       733  
 
                                                                     
 
                                                                  $ (9,546 )
 
                                                                     
Our share of changes in the fair value of these interest rate caps and swaps is included in Accumulated other comprehensive income in equity and reflected unrealized losses of $1.2 million, $1.1 million and $4.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Foreign Currency Contracts
We enter into foreign currency forward contracts and collars to hedge certain of our foreign currency cash flow exposures. A foreign currency forward contract is a commitment to deliver a certain amount of currency at a certain price on a specific date in the future. A foreign currency collar consists of a purchased call option to buy and a written put option to sell the foreign currency. By entering into these instruments, we are locked into a future currency exchange rate, which limits our exposure to the movement in foreign currency exchange rates.
At December 31, 2010, we had one foreign currency zero-cost collar to hedge against a change in the exchange rate of the Euro versus the U.S. dollar. The contract had a total notional amount of $3.0 million, based on the exchange rate of the Euro at December 31, 2010, and placed a floor on the exchange rate of the Euro at $1.15 and a ceiling at $1.2965. This contract settled in January 2011.
Embedded Credit Derivatives
In connection with our Hellweg 2 transaction, we obtained non-recourse mortgage financing for which the interest rate has both fixed and variable components. In connection with providing the financing, the lender entered into an interest rate swap agreement on its own behalf through which the fixed interest rate component on the financing was converted into a variable interest rate instrument. Through the venture, we have the right, at our sole discretion, to prepay this debt at any time and to participate in any realized gain or loss on the interest rate swap at that time. These participation rights are deemed to be embedded credit derivatives.
Stock Warrants
We own stock warrants that were generally granted to us by lessees in connection with structuring the initial lease transactions. These warrants are defined as derivative instruments because they are readily convertible to cash or provide for net cash settlement upon conversion.
Other
Amounts reported in OCI related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on our non-recourse variable-rate debt. At December 31, 2010, we estimate that an additional $0.3 million will be reclassified as interest expense during the next twelve months.
Some of the agreements we have with our derivative counterparties contain certain credit contingent provisions that could result in a declaration of default against us regarding our derivative obligations if we either default or are capable of being declared in default on certain of our indebtedness. At December 31, 2010, we had not been declared in default on any of our derivative obligations. The estimated fair value of our derivatives that were in a net liability position was $0.5 million at December 31, 2010, which includes accrued interest but excludes any adjustment for nonperformance risk. If we had breached any of these provisions at December 31, 2010, we could have been required to settle our obligations under these agreements at their termination value of $0.6 million.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Portfolio Concentration Risk
Concentrations of credit risk arise when a group of tenants is engaged in similar business activities or is subject to similar economic risks or conditions that could cause them to default on their lease obligations to us. We regularly monitor our portfolio to assess potential concentrations of credit risk. While we believe our portfolio is reasonably well diversified, it does contain concentrations in excess of 10% of current annualized contractual annualized minimum base rent in certain areas, as described below. The percentages in the paragraph below represent our directly owned real estate properties and do not include the pro rata shares of our equity investments.
At December 31, 2010, 59% of our directly-owned real estate properties were located in the U.S., and the majority of our directly-owned international properties were located in the European Union (37%), with Germany (24%) representing the only significant international concentration based on percentage of our annualized contractual minimum base rent for 2010. Within our German investments, one tenant, Hellweg 2, represented 18% of our annualized contractual minimum base rent for 2010, inclusive of noncontrolling interest. At December 31, 2010, our directly-owned real estate properties contained significant concentrations in the following asset types: industrial (39%), retail (23%), warehouse/distribution (19%) and office (12%); and in the following tenant industries: retail (27%) and chemicals, plastics, rubber and glass (10%).
Note 10. Impairment Charges
We periodically assess whether there are any indicators that the value of our real estate investments may be impaired or that their carrying value may not be recoverable. For investments in real estate in which an impairment indicator is identified, we follow a two-step process to determine whether the investment is impaired and to determine the amount of the charge. First, we compare the carrying value of the real estate to the future net undiscounted cash flow that we expect the real estate will generate, including any estimated proceeds from the eventual sale of the real estate. If this amount is less than the carrying value, the real estate is considered to be impaired, and we then measure the loss as the excess of the carrying value of the real estate over the estimated fair value of the real estate, which is primarily determined using market information such as recent comparable sales or broker quotes. If relevant market information is not available or is not deemed appropriate, we then perform a future net cash flow analysis discounted for inherent risk associated with each investment.
The following table summarizes impairment charges recognized on our consolidated and unconsolidated real estate investments during 2010, 2009 and 2008 (in thousands):
                         
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Net investments in properties (a)
  $ 2,835     $ 28,058     $  
Net investments in direct financing leases
    6,973       2,279       890  
 
                 
Total impairment charges included in expenses
    9,808       30,337       890  
Equity investments in real estate (b)
    1,046       3,598       3,085  
 
                 
Total impairment charges included in income from continuing operations
    10,854       33,935       3,975  
Impairment charges included in discontinued operations
          25,621        
 
                 
Total impairment charges
  $ 10,854     $ 59,556     $ 3,975  
 
                 
 
     
(a)   Includes charges recognized on intangible assets and liabilities related to net investments in properties (Note 7).
 
(b)   Impairment charges on our equity investments are included in Income from equity investments in real estate in our consolidated statements of operations.
2010 Impairments:
The Talaria Company (Hinckley)
During 2010, we recognized impairment charges of $8.2 million, inclusive of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests of $2.5 million, on a property leased to The Talaria Company (Hinckley) to reduce the carrying value of this investment to its estimated fair value based on a potential sale of the property. Of this impairment, $5.4 million was recognized on the building portion of the property accounted for as Net investments in direct financing leases, with the remaining $2.8 million recognized on the land portion of the property accounted for as Net investments in properties. At December 31, 2010, the land was classified as Net investments in properties and the building was classified as Net investment in direct financing leases in the consolidated financial statements.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Other
During 2010, we recognized impairment charges of $1.6 million on several properties accounted for as Net investments in direct financing leases in connection with other-than-temporary declines in the estimated fair value of the properties’ residual value. Additionally, we recognized other-than-temporary impairment charges totaling $1.1 million on two ventures to reflect the decline in the estimated fair value of the ventures’ underlying net assets in comparison with the carrying values of our interests in these ventures.
2009 and 2008 Impairments:
Görtz & Schiele GmbH & Co. and Goertz & Schiele Corp.
During 2009, we recognized impairment charges totaling $9.7 million related to two properties leased to Görtz & Schiele GmbH & Co., which filed for bankruptcy in November 2008 and $15.7 million related to a property leased to Goertz & Schiele Corp., which filed for bankruptcy in September 2009. In March 2010, SaarOTEC, a successor tenant to Görtz & Schiele GmbH & Co., signed a new lease on one of these properties with substantially the same terms. In December 2010, a purchase and sale agreement was signed for the sale of the remaining vacant property formerly leased to Görtz & Schiele GmbH & Co. Goertz & Schiele Corp. terminated its lease with us in bankruptcy proceedings in January 2010 and following possession by the receiver during January 2010, the subsidiary was deconsolidated during the first quarter of 2010 (Note 16). At December 31, 2010, the property formerly leased to Görtz & Schiele GmbH & Co. was classified as Net investments in properties in the consolidated financial statements. The results of operations of the properties formerly leased to Goertz & Schiele Corp. and Görtz & Schiele GmbH & Co., including the impairment charges, are included in Income (loss) from discontinued operations in the consolidated financial statements.
Foss Manufacturing Company, LLC
During 2009, we incurred impairment charges totaling $16.0 million in connection with a property leased to Foss Manufacturing Company, LLC as a result of a significant deterioration in the tenant’s financial outlook. We calculated the estimated fair value of this property based on a discounted cash flow analysis. At December 31, 2010, this property was classified as Net investments in properties in the consolidated financial statements.
John McGavigan Limited
During 2009, we incurred an impairment charge of $5.3 million in connection with a property in the United Kingdom where the tenant, John McGavigan Limited, filed for bankruptcy in September 2009. We calculated the estimated fair value of this property based on a discounted cash flow analysis. At December 31, 2010, this property was classified as Net investment in properties in the consolidated financial statements.
Lindenmaier A.G.
During 2009 and 2008, we recognized other-than-temporary impairment charges of $2.7 million and $1.4 million, respectively, to reduce the carrying value of a venture to the estimated fair value of its underlying net assets, which we assessed using a discounted cash flow analysis. The venture formerly leased property to Lindenmaier A.G., which filed for bankruptcy in the second quarter of 2009. This venture was classified as Equity investment in real estate in the consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2010.
Thales
During 2009, we recognized net other-than-temporary impairment charges of $0.9 million. In July 2009, a venture that owned a portfolio of five French properties leased to Thales S.A. sold four properties back to Thales. The outstanding debt balance on the four properties sold was allocated to the remaining property. An impairment charge was incurred to reduce the carrying value of the venture to the estimated fair value of its underlying net assets, which we assessed using a discounted cash flow analysis.
During 2008, we recognized an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $1.7 million to reduce the carrying value of the venture to the estimated fair value of its underlying net assets, which we assessed using a discounted cash flow analysis. At December 31, 2010, this venture is classified as Equity investment in real estate in the consolidated financial statements.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
MetalsAmerica, Inc.
During 2009, we recognized an impairment charge of $5.1 million related to a domestic property formerly leased to MetalsAmerica, Inc., which filed for bankruptcy in July 2009. We reduced the property’s carrying value to its estimated selling price and sold the property in August 2009. The results of operations of this property, including the impairment charge, are included in Income (loss) from discontinued operations in the consolidated financial statements.
Valley Diagnostic
During 2009, we incurred an impairment charge of $1.9 million in connection with a domestic property where the tenant, Valley Diagnostic, entered liquidation proceedings. We calculated the estimated fair value of this property using third-party broker quotes. During the fourth quarter of 2010, this property was foreclosed. The results of operations of the property formerly leased to Valley Diagnostic, including this impairment charge, are included in Income (loss) from discontinued operations in the consolidated financial statements.
Other
During 2009 and 2008, we recognized impairment charges totaling $2.3 million and $0.9 million on several properties accounted for as net investments in direct financing leases in connection with other-than-temporary declines in the estimated fair value of the properties’ residual value.
Note 11. Non-recourse Debt
Non-recourse debt consists of mortgage notes payable, which are collateralized by an assignment of real property and direct financing leases with an aggregate carrying value of $1.8 billion at December 31, 2010. Our mortgage notes payable bore interest at fixed annual rates ranging from 4.4% to 7.7% and variable annual rates ranging from 5.2% to 6.7%, with maturity dates ranging from 2014 to 2031 at December 31, 2010.
Scheduled debt principal payments during each of the next five years following December 31, 2010 and thereafter are as follows (in thousands):
         
Years ending December 31,   Total  
2011
  $ 25,354  
2012
    27,567  
2013
    30,700  
2014
    94,052  
2015
    123,367  
Thereafter through 2031
    1,066,171  
 
     
 
    1,367,211  
Unamortized discount
    2,037  
 
     
Total
  $ 1,369,248  
 
     
In May 2010, a venture that leases property to Berry Plastics Corporation, and in which we own a 50% interest, refinanced a $29.0 million non-recourse, variable-rate loan that had been capped through the use of an interest rate cap with a $29.0 million ten-year fixed-rate loan bearing interest at an annual rate of 5.9%. The new loan includes a scheduled balloon payment of $21.0 million in June 2020. The $29.0 million loan, which was refinanced, was obtained in connection with the February 2009 repayment of a $39.0 million outstanding balance on a non-recourse mortgage loan at a discount for $32.5 million and for which the venture recognized a corresponding gain of $6.5 million.
In June 2010, we obtained non-recourse mortgage financing related to a previous acquisition in Malaysia. This financing totaled $7.9 million and has an annual fixed interest rate and term of 6.28% and seven years, respectively.
In July 2009, we obtained non-recourse mortgage financing on a venture in which we and an affiliate hold 51% and 49% interests, respectively, and which we consolidate, related to an investment entered into in Hungary. This financing totaled $49.5 million, inclusive of noncontrolling interest of $24.3 million, and has an annual fixed interest rate and term of 5.9% and seven years, respectively.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies
Various claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of business are pending against us. The results of these proceedings are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.
In connection with the Proposed Merger, we have agreed to pay the Merger Consideration to CPA®:14 shareholders if the merger is completed and to pay the expenses of CPA®:14 incurred in connection with the Proposed Merger in certain circumstances if this merger is not completed, up to a maximum of $4.0 million. We have also agreed to use our reasonable best efforts to obtain a $300.0 million senior credit facility in order to pay for cash elections by CPA®:14 shareholders in the Proposed Merger.
Note 13. Equity
Distributions
Distributions paid to shareholders consist of ordinary income, capital gains, return of capital or a combination thereof for income tax purposes. The following table presents distributions per share reported for tax purposes:
                         
    2010     2009     2008  
Ordinary income
  $ 0.13     $ 0.18     $ 0.16  
Return of capital
    0.53       0.48       0.50  
 
                 
Total distributions
  $ 0.66     $ 0.66     $ 0.66  
 
                 
We declared a quarterly distribution of $0.1656 per share in December 2010, which was paid in January 2011 to shareholders of record at December 31, 2010.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The following table presents Accumulated OCI in equity. Amounts include our proportionate share of other comprehensive income or loss from our unconsolidated investments (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2010     2009  
Unrealized gain on marketable securities
  $ 39     $ 10  
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    (4,747 )     7,836  
Unrealized loss on derivative instrument
    (3,752 )     (2,449 )
 
           
Accumulated other comprehensive income
  $ (8,460 )   $ 5,397  
 
           
Note 14. Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling interest is the portion of equity in a subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to a parent. There were no changes in our ownership interest in any of our consolidated subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests
We account for the noncontrolling interests in an entity that holds a note receivable recorded in connection with the Hellweg 2 transaction as redeemable noncontrolling interests because the transaction contains put options that, if exercised, would obligate the partners to settle in cash. The partners’ interests are reflected at estimated redemption value for all periods presented.
         
Balance at January 1, 2008
  $ 346,719  
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    (14,877 )
 
     
Balance at December 31, 2008
    331,842  
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    5,555  
 
     
Balance at December 31, 2009
    337,397  
Reduction in noncontrolling interest due to Hellweg 2 option exercise (Note 5)
    (297,263 )
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    (18,329 )
 
     
Balance at December 31, 2010
  $ 21,805  
 
     
Note 15. Income Taxes
We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code. We believe we have operated, and we intend to continue to operate, in a manner that allows us to continue to qualify as a REIT. Under the REIT operating structure, we are permitted to deduct distributions paid to our shareholders and generally will not be required to pay U.S. federal income taxes. Accordingly, no provision has been made for U.S. federal income taxes in the consolidated financial statements.
We conduct business in various states and municipalities within the U.S. and in the European Union, Canada, Mexico, Malaysia and Thailand and, as a result, we or one or more of our subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and certain foreign jurisdictions. As a result, we are subject to certain foreign, state and local taxes.
We account for uncertain tax positions in accordance with current authoritative accounting guidance. The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2010     2009  
Balance at January 1,
  $ 375     $ 421  
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year
    105       29  
Additions for tax positions of prior years
    71       86  
Reductions for tax positions of prior years
    (60 )      
Reductions for expiration of statute of limitations
          (161 )
 
           
Balance at December 31,
  $ 491     $ 375  
 
           
At December 31, 2010, we had unrecognized tax benefits as presented in the table above that, if recognized, would have a favorable impact on the effective income tax rate in future periods. We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. At both December 31, 2010 and 2009, we had less than $0.1 million of accrued interest related to uncertain tax positions.
As of December 31, 2010, we had net operating losses (“NOL”) in foreign jurisdictions of approximately $24.6 million, translating to a deferred tax asset before valuation allowance of $6.1 million. Our NOLs begin expiring in 2011 in certain foreign jurisdictions. The utilization of NOLs may be subject to certain limitations under the tax laws of the relevant jurisdiction.
Management determined that as of December 31, 2010, $6.1 million of deferred tax assets related to losses in foreign jurisdictions do not satisfy the recognition criteria set forth in accounting guidance for income taxes. Accordingly, a valuation allowance has been recorded for this amount.
Our tax returns are subject to audit by taxing authorities. Such audits can often take years to complete and settle. The tax years 2007 through 2010 remain open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions to which we are subject.
We have elected to treat two of our corporate subsidiaries, which engage in hotel operations, as TRSs. These subsidiaries own hotels that are managed on our behalf by third-party hotel management companies. A TRS is subject to corporate federal income taxes, and we provide for income taxes in accordance with current authoritative accounting guidance. One of these subsidiaries has operated at a loss since inception, and as a result, we have recorded a full valuation allowance for this subsidiary’s NOL carryforwards. The other subsidiary became profitable in the first quarter of 2009, and therefore we have recorded a tax provision for this subsidiary.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 16. Discontinued Operations
From time to time, tenants may vacate space due to lease buy-outs, elections not to renew their leases, insolvency or lease rejection in the bankruptcy process. In these cases, we assess whether we can obtain the highest value from the property by re-leasing or selling it. In addition, in certain cases, we may try to sell a property that is occupied. When it is appropriate to do so under current accounting guidance for the disposal of long-lived assets, we classify the property as an asset held for sale on our consolidated balance sheet and the current and prior period results of operations of the property are reclassified as discontinued operations.
In December 2010, we entered into an agreement for the sale of a property formerly leased to Görtz & Schiele GmbH for $0.4 million, however, this sale has not occurred as of the date of this Report.
In November 2010, a building previously leased to Valley Diagnostic was foreclosed upon and subsequently sold by the bank to a third party for $2.0 million. We recognized a net gain on extinguishment of debt of $0.9 million, excluding impairment charges recognized in the prior year totaling $1.9 million.
During the second quarter of 2009, Goertz & Schiele Corp. ceased making rent payments to us, and as a result, we suspended the debt service payments on the related mortgage loan beginning in July 2009. Goertz & Schiele Corp. filed for bankruptcy in September 2009 and terminated its lease with us in bankruptcy proceedings in January 2010. In January 2010, a consolidated subsidiary consented to a court order appointing a receiver after we ceased making payments on a non-recourse debt obligation collateralized by a property that was previously leased to Goertz & Schiele Corp. As we no longer have control over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of this subsidiary following possession by the receiver during January 2010, the subsidiary was deconsolidated during the first quarter of 2010. At the date of deconsolidation, the property had a carrying value of $5.9 million, reflecting the impact of impairment charges totaling $15.7 million recognized in 2009, and the non-recourse mortgage loan had an outstanding balance of $13.3 million. In connection with this deconsolidation, we recognized a gain of $7.1 million, inclusive of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interest of $3.5 million. We believe that the fair value of our retained interest in this deconsolidated entity is zero at December 31, 2010. We have recorded the operations and gain recognized upon deconsolidation as discontinued operations.
In July and August 2009, we sold two domestic properties for $51.9 million, net of selling costs. We recognized a net gain on the sales of these properties totaling $7.6 million, excluding an impairment charge recognized in 2009 of $5.1 million on one of the properties (Note 10). Additionally, we recognized a net gain on extinguishment of debt of $2.3 million as a result of the lender releasing all liens on one of the properties in exchange for the sale proceeds.
The results of operations for properties that are held for sale or have been sold are reflected in the consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations for all periods presented and are summarized as follows (in thousands):
                         
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Revenues
  $ 693     $ 6,296     $ 7,649  
Expenses
    (1,118 )     (7,259 )     (6,937 )
Gain on deconsolidation of a subsidiary
    7,082              
Gain on sale of assets
          7,634        
Gain on extinguishment of debt
    879       2,313        
Impairment charges
          (25,621 )      
 
                 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
  $ 7,536     $ (16,637 )   $ 712  
 
                 
Note 17. Segment Information
We have determined that we operate in one business segment, real estate ownership, with domestic and foreign investments. Geographic information for this segment is as follows (in thousands):
                         
2010   Domestic     Foreign(a)     Total Company  
Revenues
  $ 132,511     $ 102,248     $ 234,759  
Total long-lived assets (b)
    1,214,261       913,639       2,127,900  
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
                         
2009   Domestic     Foreign(a)     Total Company  
Revenues
  $ 128,957     $ 103,947     $ 232,904  
Total long-lived assets (b)
    1,235,053       988,496       2,223,549  
                         
2008   Domestic     Foreign(a)     Total Company  
Revenues
  $ 128,169     $ 103,639     $ 231,808  
Total long-lived assets (b)
    1,287,160       903,465       2,190,625  
 
     
(a)   Consists of operations in the European Union, Mexico, Canada and Asia.
 
(b)   Consists of real estate, net; net investment in direct financing leases; equity investments in real estate and real estate under construction.
Note 18. Selected Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
                                 
    Three months ended  
    March 31, 2010     June 30, 2010     September 30, 2010     December 31, 2010  
Revenues (a)
  $ 58,896     $ 58,088     $ 59,333     $ 58,442  
Operating expenses (a)
    (34,897 )     (25,908 )     (26,951 )     (29,158 )
Net income
    14,412       16,185       15,773       12,868  
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (2,007 )     (1,885 )     (656 )     (357 )
Less: Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
    (6,445 )     (6,792 )     (4,208 )     (4,881 )
 
                       
Net Income Attributable to CPA®16 — Global Shareholders
    5,960       7,508       10,909       7,630  
 
                       
Earnings per share attributable to CPA®16 — Global shareholders
    0.05       0.06       0.09       0.06  
Distributions declared per share
    0.1656       0.1656       0.1656       0.1656  
                                 
    Three months ended  
    March 31, 2009     June 30, 2009     September 30, 2009     December 31, 2009  
Revenues (a)
  $ 55,469     $ 57,589     $ 59,869     $ 59,977  
Operating expenses (a)
    (42,323 )     (26,478 )     (38,594 )     (29,593 )
Net income (loss) (b)
    2,565       12,331       (2,734 )     797  
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (4,183 )     (1,244 )     9,100       4,377  
Less: Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
    (6,027 )     (5,738 )     (4,530 )     (7,254 )
 
                       
Net (Loss) Income Attributable to CPA®16 — Global Shareholders
    (7,645 )     5,349       1,836       (2,080 )
 
                       
(Loss) earnings per share attributable to CPA®16 — Global shareholders
    (0.06 )     0.04       0.02       (0.02 )
Distributions declared per share
    0.1653       0.1656       0.1656       0.1656  
 
     
(a)   Certain amounts from previous quarters have been retrospectively adjusted as discontinued operations (Note 16).
 
(b)   Net income (loss) for the first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2009 includes net impairment charges totaling $16.0 million, $4.2 million, $25.4 million, $14.0 million, respectively in connection with several properties and equity investments in real estate (Note 10).
CPA®:16 2010 10-K 88

 

 


Table of Contents

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE and ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
at December 31, 2010

(in thousands)
                                                                                         
                                                                                    Life on which  
                                                                                    Depreciation  
                                                                                    in Latest  
                            Costs Capitalized     Increase     Gross Amount at which Carried                     Statement of  
            Initial Cost to Company     Subsequent to     (Decrease) in Net     at Close of Period (d)     Accumulated     Date     Income is  
Description   Encumbrances (a)     Land     Buildings     Acquisition (b)     Investments (c)     Land     Buildings     Total     Depreciation (d)     Acquired     Computed  
Real Estate Under Operating Leases:
                                                                                       
Industrial, warehouse/distribution and office facilities in Englewood, CA and industrial facility in Chandler, AZ
  $ 7,508     $ 3,380     $ 8,885     $     $ 3     $ 3,380     $ 8,888     $ 12,268     $ 1,454     Jun. 2004     40 yrs.
Industrial and office facilities in Hampton, NH
    13,849       9,800       19,960             (14,952 )     4,454       10,354       14,808       2,746     Jul. 2004     40 yrs.
Land in Alberta, Calgary, Canada
    1,477       2,247                   689       2,936             2,936           Aug. 2004       N/A  
Office facility in Tinton Falls, NJ
    8,676       1,700       12,934                   1,700       12,934       14,634       2,034     Sep. 2004     40 yrs.
Industrial facility in The Woodlands, TX
    24,072       6,280       3,551       27,331             6,280       30,882       37,162       4,092     Sep. 2004     40 yrs.
Office facility in Southfield, MI
    7,994       1,750       14,384                   1,750       14,384       16,134       2,143     Jan. 2005     40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Cynthiana, KY
    3,757       760       6,885             2       760       6,887       7,647       1,026     Jan. 2005     40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Buffalo Grove, IL
    8,918       2,120       12,468                   2,120       12,468       14,588       1,857     Jan. 2005     40 yrs.
Office and industrial facilities in Lumlukka, Thailand and warehouse/distribution and office facilities in Udom Soayudh Road, Thailand
    17,705       8,942       10,547       6,174       7,216       11,387       21,492       32,879       3,043     Jan. 2005     40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Allen, TX and office facility in Sunnyvale, CA
    14,063       10,960       9,933                   10,960       9,933       20,893       1,459     Feb. 2005     40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Sandersville, GA; Fernley, NV; Erwin, TN and Gainsville, TX
    4,165       1,190       5,961                   1,190       5,961       7,151       876     Feb. 2005     40 yrs.
Office facility in Piscataway, NJ
    75,073       19,000       70,490                   19,000       70,490       89,490       10,206     Mar. 2005     40 yrs.
Land in Stuart, FL; Trenton and Southwest Harbor, ME and Portsmouth, RI
    10,446       20,130                   (2,835 )     17,295             17,295           May. 2005       N/A  
Industrial facilities in Peru, IL; Huber Heights, Lima and Sheffield, OH and Lebanon, TN and office facility in Lima, OH
    17,084       1,720       23,439                   1,720       23,439       25,159       3,296     May. 2005     40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Cambridge, Canada
    6,619       800       8,158             2,274       1,014       10,218       11,232       1,436     May. 2005     40 yrs.
Education facility in Nashville, TN
    6,088       200       8,485       9             200       8,494       8,694       1,177     Jun. 2005     40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Ramos Arizpe, Mexico
          390       3,227       6       2       390       3,235       3,625       441     Jul. 2005     40 yrs.
Warehouse/distribution facility in Norwich, CT
    14,059       1,400       6,698       28,357       2       2,600       33,857       36,457       3,927     Aug. 2005     40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Glasgow, Scotland
    6,120       1,264       7,885             (5,284 )     469       3,396       3,865       773     Aug. 2005     40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Aurora, CO
    3,201       460       4,314             (728 )     460       3,586       4,046       475     Sep. 2005     40 yrs.
Warehouse/distribution facility in Kotka, Finland
    6,691             12,266             1,156             13,422       13,422       2,300     Oct. 2005     29 yrs.
Warehouse/distribution facility in Plainfield, IN
    21,861       1,600       8,638       18,185             4,200       24,223       28,423       2,659     Nov. 2005     40 yrs.
Residential facility in Blairsville, PA (e)
    15,622       648       2,896       23,295             1,046       25,793       26,839       2,325     Dec. 2005     40 yrs.
Residential facility in Laramie, WY (e)
    16,995       1,650       1,601       21,450             1,650       23,051       24,701       2,155     Jan. 2006     40 yrs.
Warehouse/distribution and industrial facilites in Houston, Weimar, Conroe and Odessa, TX
    7,846       2,457       9,958             190       2,457       10,148       12,605       1,774     Mar. 2006     20 - 30 yrs.
Office facility in Greenville, SC
    9,984       925       11,095             57       925       11,152       12,077       1,606     Mar. 2006     33 yrs.
Retail facilities in Maplewood, Creekskill, Morristown, Summit and Livingston, NJ
    27,408       10,750       32,292             97       10,750       32,389       43,139       4,236     Apr. 2006     35 - 39 yrs.
Warehouse/distribution facilities in Alameda, CA and Ringwood, NJ
    5,706       1,900       5,882                   1,900       5,882       7,782       662     Jun. 2006     40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Amherst, NY
    9,740       500       14,651                   500       14,651       15,151       2,157     Aug. 2006     30 yrs.
Industrial facility in Shah Alam, Malaysia
    8,504       5,740       3,927       21       1,704       6,810       4,582       11,392       556     Sep. 2006     35 yrs.
Warehouse/distribution facility in Spanish Fork, UT
    8,336       1,100       9,448                   1,100       9,448       10,548       984     Oct. 2006     40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Georgetown, TX and Woodland, WA
    3,534       800       4,368       3,692       2,571       1,737       9,694       11,431       634     Oct. 2006     40 yrs.
Office facility in Washington, MI
    29,622       7,500       38,094                   7,500       38,094       45,594       3,888     Nov. 2006     40 yrs.
Office and industrial facilities in St. Ingbert and Puttlingen, Germany
    9,050       1,248       10,921             (6,793 )     476       4,900       5,376       786     Dec. 2006     40 yrs.
CPA®:16 2010 10-K 89

 

 


Table of Contents

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE and ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
at December 31, 2010

(in thousands)
                                                                                         
                                                                                    Life on which  
                                                                                    Depreciation  
                                                                                    in Latest  
                            Costs Capitalized     Increase     Gross Amount at which Carried                     Statement of  
            Initial Cost to Company     Subsequent to     (Decrease) in Net     at Close of Period (d)     Accumulated     Date     Income is  
Description   Encumbrances (a)     Land     Buildings     Acquisition (b)     Investments (c)     Land     Buildings     Total     Depreciation (d)     Acquired   Computed  
Real Estate Under Operating Leases (Continued):
                                                                                       
Warehouse/distribution facilities in Flora, MS and Muskogee, OK
    3,757       335       5,816                   335       5,816       6,151       594     Dec. 2006   40 yrs.
Various transportation and warehouse facilities throughout France
    31,140       4,341       6,254       4,521       25,564       32,402       8,278       40,680       961     Dec. 2006, Mar. 2007   30 yrs.
Industrial facility in Fort Collins, CO
    8,481       1,660       9,464                   1,660       9,464       11,124       946     Dec. 2006   40 yrs.
Industrial facility in St. Charles, MO
    13,514       2,300       15,433                   2,300       15,433       17,733       1,543     Dec. 2006   40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Salt Lake City, UT
    5,223       2,575       5,683                   2,575       5,683       8,258       591     Dec. 2006   38 - 40 yrs.
Warehouse/distribution facilities in Atlanta, Doraville and Rockmart, GA
    57,537       10,060       72,000       6,816             10,060       78,816       88,876       8,116     Feb. 2007   30 - 40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Tuusula, Finland
    15,400       1,000       16,779       8       (82 )     994       16,711       17,705       1,933     Mar. 2007   32 yrs.
36 Retail facilities throughout Germany
    365,354       83,345       313,770       27,190       (9,666 )     82,845       331,794       414,639       33,791     Apr. 2007   30 - 40 yrs.
Warehouse/distribution facilities in Phoenix, AZ; Hayward, Vernon and South Gate, CA; Bedford Park, IL; Rock Hill, SC and Houston, TX
    38,843       26,457       25,593             9       26,457       25,602       52,059       3,081     Jun. 2007   30 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Denver, CO and Nashville, TN
    9,964       1,872       14,665                   1,872       14,665       16,537       1,650     Jun. 2007, Jul. 2007   28 - 35 yrs.
Industrial facility in Sacramento, CA
    30,443             42,478       3                   42,481       42,481       3,629     Jul. 2007   40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Guelph and Lagley, Canada
    6,460       4,592       3,657             361       4,799       3,811       8,610       325     Jul. 2007   40 yrs.
Retail facilities in Wichita, KS and Oklahoma City, OK and warehouse/distribution facility in Wichita, KS
    7,704       2,090       9,128       8             2,090       9,136       11,226       1,040     Jul. 2007   30 yrs.
Industrial facility in Beaverton, MI
    2,107       70       3,608             16       70       3,624       3,694       393     Oct. 2007   30 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Evansville, IN; Lawrence, KS and Baltimore, MD
    28,701       4,890       78,288             (121 )     4,770       78,287       83,057       7,828     Dec. 2007   30 yrs.
Warehouse/distribution facility in Suwanee, GA
    16,373       1,950       20,975                   1,950       20,975       22,925       1,573     Dec. 2007   40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Colton, CA; Bonner Springs, KS and Dallas, TX and land in Eagan, MN
    23,439       10,430       32,063             (764 )     10,430       31,299       41,729       2,420     Mar. 2008   30 - 40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Ylamylly, Finland
    9,319       58       14,220             (2,135 )     49       12,094       12,143       829     Apr. 2008   40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Nurieux-Volognat, France
          1,478       15,528             (6,427 )     1,259       9,320       10,579       613     Jun. 2008   38 yrs.
Industrial facility in Windsor, CT
          425       1,160             (188 )     425       972       1,397       62     Jun. 2008   39 yrs.
Office and industrial facilities in Wolfach, Bunde and Dransfeld, Germany
          2,554       13,492             (6,235 )     2,173       7,638       9,811       636     Jun. 2008   30 yrs.
Warehouse/distribution facilities in Gyal and Herceghalom, Hungary
    45,339       12,802       68,993             (4,776 )     11,948       65,071       77,019       3,744     Jul. 2009   25 yrs.
Hospitality facility in Miami Beach, FL
          6,400       40,703       35,442             6,400       76,145       82,545       476     Sep. 2009   40 yrs.
 
                                                                     
 
  $ 1,150,871     $ 312,995     $ 1,233,991     $ 202,508     $ (19,073 )   $ 338,979     $ 1,391,442     $ 1,730,421     $ 145,957                  
 
                                                                     
CPA®:16 2010 10-K 90

 

 


Table of Contents

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE and ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
at December 31, 2010

(in thousands)
                                                         
                                            Gross Amount at        
                            Costs Capitalized     Increase     which Carried        
            Initial Cost to Company     Subsequent to     (Decrease) in Net     at Close of     Date  
Description   Encumbrances     Land     Buildings     Acquisition (b)     Investments (c)     Period Total     Acquired  
Direct Financing Method:
                                                       
Office and industrial facilities in Leeds, United Kingdom
  $ 14,718     $ 6,908     $ 21,012     $     $ (2,559 )   $ 25,361     May. 2004
Industrial facility in Alberta, Calgary, Canada
    2,260             3,468       41       983       4,492     Aug. 2004
Industrial facilities in Kearney, MO; Fair Bluff, NC; York, NE; Walbridge, OH; Middlesex Township, PA; Rocky Mount, VA and Martinsburg, WV; warehouse/distribution facility in Fair Bluff, NC
    14,387       2,980       29,191             (1,040 )     31,131     Aug. 2004
Retail facilities in Vantaa, Finland and Linkoping, Sweden
    16,917       4,279       26,628       49       (2,792 )     28,164     Dec. 2004
Industrial and office facilities in Stuart, FL and industrial facilities in Trenton and Southwest Harbor, ME and Portsmouth, RI
    18,981             38,189             (6,761 )     31,428     May. 2005
Warehouse/distribution and office facilities in Newbridge, United Kingdom
    13,884       3,602       21,641       2       (3,770 )     21,475     Dec. 2005
Office facility in Marktheidenfeld, Germany
    14,634       1,534       22,809             (653 )     23,690     May. 2006
Retail facilities in Socorro, El Paso and Fabens, TX
    14,023       3,890       19,603       31       (1,644 )     21,880     Jul. 2006
Various transportation and warehouse facilities in France
    24,830       23,524       33,889       6,814       (32,556 )     31,671     Dec. 2006
Industrial facility in Bad Hersfeld, Germany
    25,067       13,291       26,417       68       (2,215 )     37,561     Dec. 2006
Retail facility in Gronau, Germany
    3,969       414       3,789             (68 )     4,135     Apr. 2007
Industrial facility in St. Ingbert, Germany
    16,529       1,610       29,466             (1,702 )     29,374     Aug. 2007
Industrial facility in Mt. Carmel, IL
    2,299       56       3,528             18       3,602     Oct. 2007
Industrial facility in Elma, WA
    3,807       1,300       5,261             (499 )     6,062     Feb. 2008
Industrial facility in Eagan, MN
    4,672             8,267             (432 )     7,835     Mar. 2008
Industrial facility in Monheim, Germany
          2,210       10,654             (2,492 )     10,372     Jun. 2008
 
                                           
 
  $ 190,977     $ 65,598     $ 303,812     $ 7,005     $ (58,182 )   $ 318,233          
 
                                           
                                                                                                         
                                                                                                    Life on which  
                                                                                                    Depreciation  
                                                                                                    in Latest  
                                    Cost Capitalized     Increase                                                     Statement of  
            Initial Cost to Company     Subsequent to     (Decrease) in Net     Gross Amount at which Carried at Close of Period (d)     Accumulated     Date     Income is  
Description   Encumbrances     Land     Buildings     Personal Property     Acquisition (b)     Investments (c)     Land     Buildings     Personal Property     Total     Depreciation (d)     Acquired     Computed  
Operating Real Estate:
                                                                                                       
Hotel in Bloomington, MN
  $     $ 3,976     $ 7,492     $     $ 35,904     $     $ 3,976     $ 38,456     $ 4,940     $ 47,372     $ 5,015     Sep. 2006   40 yrs.
Hotel in Memphis, TN
    27,400       4,320       29,929       3,436       2,829       (3,114 )     4,320       29,644       3,436       37,400       4,608     Sep. 2007   30 yrs.
 
                                                                                 
 
  $ 27,400     $ 8,296     $ 37,421     $ 3,436     $ 38,733     $ (3,114 )   $ 8,296     $ 68,100     $ 8,376     $ 84,772     $ 9,623                  
 
                                                                                 
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NOTES to SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE and ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
(in thousands)
 
     
(a)   Includes unamortized discount on a mortgage note.
 
(b)   Consists of the costs of improvements subsequent to purchase and acquisition costs including construction costs on build-to-suit transactions, legal fees, appraisal fees, title costs and other related professional fees.
 
(c)   The increase (decrease) in net investment is primarily due to (i) the amortization of unearned income from net investment in direct financing leases, which produces a periodic rate of return that at times may be greater or less than lease payments received, (ii) sales of properties, (iii) impairment charges, and (iv) changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
 
(d)   Reconciliation of real estate and accumulated depreciation (see below):
 
(e)   Represents a triple-net lease to a tenant for student housing.
                         
    Reconciliation of Real Estate Subject to  
    Operating Leases  
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 1,696,872     $ 1,661,160     $ 1,602,512  
Additions
    6,432       102,303       102,864  
Reclassification from real estate under construction
    82,513       8,525       7,515  
Reclassification from (to) direct financing lease, operating real estate, intangible or other assets
    6       1,073       (14,274 )
Deconsolidation of real estate asset
    (7,271 )            
Reclassification to assets held for sale
    (398 )            
Impairment charges
    (2,835 )     (46,531 )      
Dispositions
    (4,021 )     (45,139 )      
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    (40,877 )     15,481       (37,457 )
 
                 
Balance at close of year
  $ 1,730,421     $ 1,696,872     $ 1,661,160  
 
                 
                         
    Reconciliation of Accumulated Depreciation for  
    Real Estate Subject to Operating Leases  
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 112,385     $ 76,943     $ 42,238  
Depreciation expense
    37,555       36,719       36,094  
Dispositions
    (369 )     (2,007 )      
Deconsolidation of real estate asset
    (1,373 )            
Reclassification to assets held for sale
    (129 )            
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    (2,112 )     730       (1,389 )
 
                 
Balance at close of year
  $ 145,957     $ 112,385     $ 76,943  
 
                 
                         
    Reconciliation of Operating Real Estate  
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 83,718     $ 82,667     $ 37,522  
Reclassification from real estate under construction
                47,329  
Reclassification to intangible assets
                (3,114 )
Additions
    1,054       1,051       930  
 
                 
Balance at close of year
  $ 84,772     $ 83,718     $ 82,667  
 
                 
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    Reconciliation of Accumulated Depreciation for  
    Operating Real Estate  
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 6,448     $ 3,306     $ 339  
Depreciation expense
    3,175       3,142       2,967  
 
                 
Balance at close of year
  $ 9,623     $ 6,448     $ 3,306  
 
                 
At December 31, 2010, the aggregate cost of real estate, net of accumulated depreciation and accounted for as operating leases, owned by us and our consolidated subsidiaries for federal income tax purposes was $1.8 billion.
SCHEDULE IV — MORTGAGE LOANS ON REAL ESTATE
at December 31, 2010
(dollars in thousands)
                                 
            Final     Face     Carrying  
    Interest     Maturity     Amount of     Amount of  
Description   Rate     Date     Mortgage     Mortgage  
Note receivable issued to venture partner — Hellweg 2 transaction (a) (c)
    8.0 %   Apr. 2017   $ 311,974     $ 21,805  
Construction line of credit provided to Ryder Properties, LLC (b) (c)
    7.0 %   Jun. 2010     23,961       23,961  
Subordinated mortgage collateralized by properties occupied by Reyes Holding, LLC (c)
    6.3 %   Feb. 2015     9,504       9,738  
 
                           
 
                  $ 345,439     $ 55,504  
 
                           
 
     
(a)   Amounts are based on the exchange rate of the local currencies at December 31, 2010.
 
(b)   Applicable annual interest rate at December 31, 2010. Mortgage face and carrying values represent amounts funded on total commitment of $23.9 million and interest accrued on the outstanding balance to date.
 
(c)   Balloon payments equal to the face amount of the loan are due at maturity.
NOTES TO SCHEDULE IV — MORTGAGE LOANS ON REAL ESTATE
(in thousands)
                         
    Reconciliation of Mortgage Loans on Real Estate  
    Years ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 362,707     $ 351,200     $ 358,079  
Additions
    8,349       5,917       7,965  
Accretion of principal
    40       41       39  
Amortization of premium
          (6 )     (6 )
Reduction in Hellweg 2 note receivable due to put option exercise (a)
    (297,263 )            
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    (18,329 )     5,555       (14,877 )
 
                 
Balance at December 31,
  $ 55,504     $ 362,707     $ 351,200  
 
                 
     
(a)   During 2010, we and our affiliates exercised an option to acquire an additional interest in a venture from an unaffiliated third party. In this option exercise, we reduced the third party’s note receivable with us by $297.3 million. See Note 5.
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Item 9.   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
Item 9A.   Controls and Procedures.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our disclosure controls and procedures include our controls and other procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in this and other reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the required time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
Our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, after conducting an evaluation, together with members of our management, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2010, have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were effective as of December 31, 2010 at a reasonable level of assurance.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.
We assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010. In making this assessment, we used criteria set forth in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on our assessment, we concluded that, as of December 31, 2010, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.
This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the SEC that permit us to provide only management’s report in this Annual Report.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B.   Other Information.
None.
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PART III
Item 10.   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed within 120 days following the end of our fiscal year, and is incorporated by reference.
Item 11.   Executive Compensation.
This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed within 120 days following the end of our fiscal year, and is incorporated by reference.
Item 12.   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed within 120 days following the end of our fiscal year, and is incorporated by reference.
Item 13.   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed within 120 days following the end of our fiscal year, and is incorporated by reference.
Item 14.   Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed within 120 days following the end of our fiscal year, and is incorporated by reference.
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PART IV
Item 15.   Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.
(a) (1) and (2) — Financial statements and schedules — see index to financial statements and schedules included in Item 8.
(3) Exhibits:
The following exhibits are filed as part of this Report. Documents other than those designated as being filed herewith are incorporated herein by reference.
         
Exhibit No.   Description   Method of Filing
2.1
  Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of December 13, 2010, by and among Corporate Property Associates 16 — Global Incorporated, CPA 16 Acquisition Inc., CPA 16 Holdings Inc., CPA 16 Merger Sub Inc., Corporate Property Associates 14 Incorporated, CPA 14 Sub Inc., W. P. Carey & Co. LLC and, for the limited purposes set forth therein, Carey Asset Management Corp. and W. P. Carey & Co. B.V.   Incorporated by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 14, 2010
 
       
3.1
  Articles of Incorporation of Registrant   Incorporated by reference to Pre-effective Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-106838) filed December 10, 2003
 
       
3.2
  Amended and Restated Bylaws of Registrant   Incorporated by reference to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009 filed August 14, 2009
 
       
4.1
  Amended and Restated 2003 Distribution Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan of Registrant   Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 8 to Registration Statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-106838) filed November 4, 2005
 
       
10.1
  Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement dated as of October 1, 2009 between Corporate Property Associates 16 — Global Incorporated and Carey Asset Management Corp.   Incorporated by reference to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2009 filed November 13, 2009
 
       
10.2
  Asset Management Agreement dated as of July 1, 2008 between Corporate Property Associates 16 — Global Incorporated and W. P. Carey & Co. B.V.   Incorporated by reference to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2008 filed August 14, 2008
 
       
21.1
  Subsidiaries of Registrant   Filed herewith
 
       
23.1
  Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP   Filed herewith
 
       
31.1
  Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002   Filed herewith
 
       
31.2
  Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002   Filed herewith
 
       
32
  Certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002   Filed herewith
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
         
  Corporate Property Associates 16 — Global Incorporated
 
 
Date 3/30/2011  By:   /s/ Mark J. DeCesaris    
    Mark J. DeCesaris   
    Chief Financial Officer   
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
         
Signature   Title   Date
 
       
/s/ Wm. Polk Carey
 
Wm. Polk Carey
  Chairman of the Board and Director   3/30/2011
 
       
/s/ Trevor P. Bond
 
Trevor P. Bond
  Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
  3/30/2011
 
       
/s/ Mark J. DeCesaris
 
Mark J. DeCesaris
  Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
  3/30/2011
 
       
/s/ Thomas J. Ridings, Jr.
 
Thomas J. Ridings, Jr.
  Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
  3/30/2011
 
       
/s/ Elizabeth P. Munson
 
Elizabeth P. Munson
  Director   3/30/2011
 
       
/s/ Richard J. Pinola
 
Richard J. Pinola
  Director   3/30/2011
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