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EXHIBIT 10.40
AMENDED AND RESTATED LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) dated as of the Effective Date between SILICON VALLEY BANK, a California corporation (“Bank”), and ISTA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Borrower”), amends, restates and supersedes (but does not act as a novation of) that certain Loan and Security Agreement dated as of December 16, 2005, and provides the terms on which Bank shall lend to Borrower and Borrower shall repay Bank. The parties agree as follows:
| 1. | ACCOUNTING AND OTHER TERMS |
Accounting terms not defined in this Agreement shall be construed following GAAP. Calculations and determinations must be made following GAAP. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Agreement shall have the meanings set forth in Section 13. All other terms contained in this Agreement, unless otherwise indicated, shall have the meaning provided by the Code to the extent such terms are defined therein.
| 2. | LOAN AND TERMS OF PAYMENT |
2.1 Promise to Pay. Borrower hereby unconditionally promises to pay Bank the outstanding principal amount of all Credit Extensions and accrued and unpaid interest thereon as and when due in accordance with this Agreement.
| 2.2 | Advances and Credit Extensions. |
| 2.2.1 | Revolving Advances. |
(a) Availability. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Bank shall make Advances not exceeding the Revolving Line. Amounts borrowed under the Revolving Line may be repaid and, prior to the Revolving Line Maturity Date, reborrowed, subject to the applicable terms and conditions precedent herein.
(b) Termination; Repayment. The Revolving Line terminates on the Revolving Line Maturity Date, when the principal amount of all Advances, the unpaid interest thereon, and all other Obligations relating to the Revolving Line shall be immediately due and payable.
| 2.2.2 | Letters of Credit Sublimit. |
(a) As part of the Revolving Line, Bank shall issue or have issued Letters of Credit for Borrower’s account. The face amount of outstanding Letters of Credit (including drawn but unreimbursed Letters of Credit and any Letter of Credit Reserve) may not exceed $2,000,000, minus the FX Reserve and minus the amount outstanding under the Cash Management Services Sublimit (“Letter of Credit Sublimit”). Such aggregate amounts utilized hereunder shall at all times reduce the amount otherwise available for Credit Extensions under the Revolving Line. If, on the Revolving Maturity Date, there are any outstanding Letters of Credit, then on such date Borrower shall provide to Bank cash collateral in an amount equal to 105% of the face amount of all such Letters of Credit plus all interest, fees, and costs due or to become due in connection therewith (as estimated by Bank in its good faith business judgment), to secure all of the Obligations relating to said Letters of Credit. All Letters of Credit shall be in form and substance acceptable to Bank in its sole discretion and shall be subject to the terms and conditions of Bank’s standard Application and Letter of Credit Agreement (the “Letter of Credit Application”). Borrower agrees to execute any further documentation in connection with the Letters of Credit as Bank may reasonably request. Borrower further agrees to be bound by the regulations and interpretations of the issuer of any Letters of Credit guarantied by Bank and opened for Borrower’s account or by Bank’s interpretations of any Letter of Credit issued by Bank for Borrower’s account, and Borrower understands and agrees that Bank shall not be liable for any error, negligence, or mistake, whether of omission or commission, in following Borrower’s instructions or those contained in the Letters of Credit or any modifications, amendments, or supplements thereto.
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(b) The obligation of Borrower to immediately reimburse Bank for drawings made under Letters of Credit shall be absolute, unconditional, and irrevocable, and shall be performed strictly in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, such Letters of Credit, and the Letter of Credit Application.
(c) Borrower may request that Bank issue a Letter of Credit payable in a Foreign Currency. If a demand for payment is made under any such Letter of Credit, Bank shall treat such demand as an Advance to Borrower of the equivalent of the amount thereof (plus fees and charges in connection therewith such as wire, cable, SWIFT or similar charges) in Dollars at the then-prevailing rate of exchange in San Francisco, California, for sales of the Foreign Currency for transfer to the country issuing such Foreign Currency.
(d) To guard against fluctuations in currency exchange rates, upon the issuance of any Letter of Credit payable in a Foreign Currency, Bank shall create a reserve (the “Letter of Credit Reserve”) under the Revolving Line in an amount equal to ten percent (10%) of the face amount of such Letter of Credit. The amount of the Letter of Credit Reserve may be adjusted by Bank from time to time to account for fluctuations in the exchange rate. The availability of funds under the Revolving Line shall be reduced by the amount of such Letter of Credit Reserve for as long as such Letter of Credit remains outstanding.
2.2.3 Foreign Exchange Sublimit. As part of the Revolving Line, Borrower may enter into foreign exchange contracts with Bank under which Borrower commits to purchase from or sell to Bank a specific amount of Foreign Currency (each, a “FX Forward Contract”) on a specified date (the “Settlement Date”). FX Forward Contracts shall have a Settlement Date of at least one (1) FX Business Day after the contract date and shall be subject to a reserve of ten percent (10%) of each outstanding FX Forward Contract in a maximum aggregate amount equal to $2,000,000, minus any amounts outstanding under the Cash Management Services Sublimit and under the Letter of Credit Sublimit (the “FX Reserve”). The aggregate amount of FX Forward Contracts at any one time may not exceed ten (10) times the amount of the FX Reserve. The amount otherwise available for Credit Extensions under the Revolving Line shall be reduced by an amount equal to ten percent (10%) of each outstanding Forward Contract. Any amounts needed to fully reimburse Bank will be treated as Advances under the Revolving Line and will accrue interest at the interest rate applicable to Advances.
2.2.4 Cash Management Services Sublimit. Borrower may use up to $2,000,000, minus any amounts outstanding under the Letter of Credit Sublimit and minus the amount of the FX Reserve (the “Cash Management Services Sublimit”) of the Revolving Line for Bank’s cash management services which may include merchant services, direct deposit of payroll, business credit card, and check cashing services identified in Bank’s various cash management services agreements (collectively, the “Cash Management Services”). The dollar amount of any Cash Management Services provided under this sublimit will reduce the amount otherwise available for Credit Extensions under the Revolving Line. Any amounts Bank pays on behalf of Borrower for any Cash Management Services will be treated as Advances under the Revolving Line and will accrue interest at the interest rate applicable to Advances.
2.3 Overadvances. If, at any time, the Advances under Section 2.2 exceed the Revolving Line, Borrower shall immediately pay to Bank in cash such excess.
2.4 General Provisions Relating to the Advances. Each Advance shall be in the form of a Prime Rate Advance. Borrower shall pay interest accrued on the Advances at the rates and in the manner set forth in Section 2.5.
| 2.5 | Payment of Interest on the Credit Extensions. |
(a) Computation of Interest. Interest on the Credit Extensions and all fees payable hereunder shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed in the period during which such interest accrues. In computing interest on any Credit Extension, the date of the making of such Credit Extension shall be included and the date of payment shall be excluded; provided, however, that if any Credit Extension is repaid on the same day on which it is made, such day shall be included in computing interest on such Credit Extension.
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(b) Advances. Each Advance shall bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof from the date when made, continued or converted until paid in full at a rate per annum equal to the greater of (a) the Prime Rate plus the Prime Rate Margin, and (b) 4.50 percentage points (450 basis points). Pursuant to the terms hereof, interest on each Advance shall be paid in arrears on the first Business Day of each month. Interest shall also be paid on the date of any prepayment of any Advance pursuant to this Agreement for the portion of any Advance so prepaid and upon payment (including prepayment) in full thereof. All accrued but unpaid interest on the Advances shall be due and payable on the Revolving Line Maturity Date.
(c) Default Interest. Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.5(b), after an Event of Default, Obligations shall bear interest five percent (5.00%) above the rate effective immediately before the Event of Default (the “Default Rate”). Payment or acceptance of the increased interest provided in this Section 2.5(c) is not a permitted alternative to timely payment and shall not constitute a waiver of any Event of Default or otherwise prejudice or limit any rights or remedies of Bank.
(d) Prime Rate Advances. Each change in the interest rate of the Prime Rate Advances based on changes in the Prime Rate shall be effective on the effective date of such change and to the extent of such change. Bank shall use its best efforts to give Borrower prompt notice of any such change in the Prime Rate; provided, however, that any failure by Bank to provide Borrower with notice hereunder shall not affect Bank’s right to make changes in the interest rate of the Prime Rate Advances based on changes in the Prime Rate.
(e) Reserved.
(f) Debit of Accounts. Bank may debit any of Borrower’s deposit accounts, including the Designated Deposit Account, for principal and interest payments when due, or any other amounts Borrower owes Bank, when due. Bank shall promptly notify Borrower after it debits Borrower’s accounts. These debits shall not constitute a set-off.
| 2.6 | Fees. Borrower shall pay to Bank: |
(a) Commitment Fee. A fully earned, non-refundable commitment fee of $50,000, on the Effective Date;
(b) Bank Expenses. All Bank Expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, plus expenses, for documentation and negotiation of this Agreement) incurred through and after the Effective Date, when due.
(c) Unused Revolving Line Facility Fee. A fee (the “Unused Revolving Line Facility Fee”), payable quarterly, in arrears, on a calendar year basis, in an amount equal to 0.375% (37.5 basis points) per annum of the average unused portion of the Revolving Line, as determined by Bank. The unused portion of the Revolving Line, for the purposes of this calculation, shall include amounts reserved under the Cash Management Services Sublimit for products provided and under the Foreign Exchange Sublimit for FX Forward Contracts. Borrower shall not be entitled to any credit, rebate or repayment of any Unused Revolving Line Facility Fee previously earned by Bank pursuant to this Section notwithstanding any termination of the Agreement or the suspension or termination of Bank’s obligation to make loans and advances hereunder.
(d) Letter of Credit Fee. Bank’s customary fees and expenses for the issuance or renewal of Letters of Credit, each anniversary of the issuance, and the renewal of such Letter of Credit.
| 3. | CONDITIONS OF LOANS |
3.1 Conditions Precedent to Initial Advance. Bank’s obligation to make the initial Advance is subject to the condition precedent that Bank shall have received, in form and substance satisfactory to Bank, such documents, and completion of such other matters, as Bank may reasonably deem necessary or appropriate, including, without limitation:
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(a) Borrower shall have delivered duly executed original signatures to the Loan Documents to which it is a party; and
(b) Borrower shall have paid the fees and Bank Expenses then due as specified in Section 2.5 hereof.
3.2 Conditions Precedent to all Credit Extensions. Bank’s obligations to make each Credit Extension, including the initial Credit Extension, is subject to the following:
(a) timely receipt of a Notice of Borrowing; and
(b) the representations and warranties in Section 5 shall be true in all material respects on the date of the Notice of Borrowing, and on the effective date of each Credit Extension; provided, however, that such materiality qualifier shall not be applicable to any representations and warranties that already are qualified or modified by materiality in the text thereof; and provided, further that those representations and warranties expressly referring to a specific date shall be true, accurate and complete in all material respects as of such date, and no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or result from the Credit Extension. Each Credit Extension is Borrower’s representation and warranty on that date that the representations and warranties in Section 5 remain true in all material respects; provided, however, that such materiality qualifier shall not be applicable to any representations and warranties that already are qualified or modified by materiality in the text thereof; and provided, further that those representations and warranties expressly referring to a specific date shall be true, accurate and complete in all material respects as of such date.
(c) in Bank’s sole discretion, there has not been a Material Adverse Change.
3.3 Covenant to Deliver.
Borrower agrees to deliver to Bank each item required to be delivered to Bank under this Agreement as a condition to any Credit Extension. Borrower expressly agrees that the extension of a Credit Extension prior to the receipt by Bank of any such item shall not constitute a waiver by Bank of Borrower’s obligation to deliver such item, and any such extension in the absence of a required item shall be in Bank’s sole discretion.
3.4 Procedures for Borrowing.
(a) Subject to the prior satisfaction of all other applicable conditions to the making of an Advance set forth in this Agreement, each Advance shall be made upon Borrower’s irrevocable written notice delivered to Bank in the form of a Notice of Borrowing, each executed by a Responsible Officer of Borrower or his or her designee or without instructions if the Advances are necessary to meet Obligations which have become due. Bank may rely on any telephone notice given by a person whom Bank believes is a Responsible Officer or designee. Borrower will indemnify Bank for any loss Bank suffers due to such reliance. Such Notice of Borrowing must be received by Bank prior to 11:00 a.m. Pacific time at least one (1) Business Day prior to the requested Funding Date, specifying:
(i) the amount of the Advance; and
(ii) the requested Funding Date;
(b) The proceeds of all such Advances will then be made available to Borrower on the Funding Date by Bank by transfer to the Designated Deposit Account and, subsequently, by wire transfer to such other account as Borrower may instruct in the Notice of Borrowing. No Advances shall be deemed made to Borrower, and no interest shall accrue on any such Advance, until the related funds have been deposited in the Designated Deposit Account.
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| 4. | CREATION OF SECURITY INTEREST. |
4.1 Grant of Security Interest. Borrower hereby grants Bank, to secure the payment and performance in full of all of the Obligations, a continuing security interest in, and pledges to Bank, the Collateral, wherever located, whether now owned or hereafter acquired or arising, and all proceeds and products thereof. Borrower represents, warrants, and covenants that the security interest granted herein is and shall at all times continue to be a first priority perfected security interest in the Collateral (subject only to Permitted Liens that may have superior priority to Bank’s Lien under this Agreement). If Borrower shall acquire a commercial tort claim, Borrower shall promptly notify Bank in a writing signed by Borrower of the general details thereof and grant to Bank in such writing a security interest therein and in the proceeds thereof, all upon the terms of this Agreement, with such writing to be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Bank.
If this Agreement is terminated, Bank’s Lien in the Collateral shall continue until the Obligations (other than inchoate indemnity obligations) are repaid in full in cash. Upon payment in full in cash of the Obligations and at such time as Bank’s obligation to make Credit Extensions has terminated, Bank shall, at Borrower’s sole cost and expense, release its Liens in the Collateral and all rights therein shall revert to Borrower.
4.2 Authorization to File Financing Statements. Borrower hereby authorizes Bank to file financing statements, without notice to Borrower, with all appropriate jurisdictions to perfect or protect Bank’s interest or rights hereunder, including a notice that any disposition of the Collateral, by either Borrower or any other Person, shall be deemed to violate the rights of Bank under the Code. Upon termination of Bank’s Lien in the Collateral in accordance with Section 4.1 above, Bank shall promptly file a termination statement terminating any financing statements filed hereunder and, if Bank does not promptly file such termination statement, Bank hereby authorizes Borrower to file such termination statement.
| 5. | REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. |
Borrower represents and warrants as follows:
5.1 Due Organization and Authorization. Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries are duly existing and in good standing in their respective jurisdictions of formation and are qualified and licensed to do business and are in good standing in any jurisdiction in which the conduct of their business or their ownership of property requires that they be qualified except where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Borrower’s business. In connection with this Agreement, Borrower has delivered to Bank a completed certificate entitled “Perfection Certificate” signed by Borrower. Borrower represents and warrants to Bank that (a) Borrower’s exact legal name is that indicated on the Perfection Certificate and on the signature page hereof; (b) Borrower is an organization of the type and is organized in the jurisdiction set forth in the Perfection Certificate; (c) the Perfection Certificate accurately sets forth Borrower’s organizational identification number or accurately states that Borrower has none; (d) the Perfection Certificate accurately sets forth Borrower’s place of business, or, if more than one, its chief executive office as well as Borrower’s mailing address (if different than its chief executive office); (e) Borrower (and each of its predecessors) has not, in the past five (5) years, changed its state of formation, organizational structure or type, or any organizational number assigned by its jurisdiction; and (f) all other information set forth on the Perfection Certificate pertaining to Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries is accurate and complete as of the date of the Perfection Certificate.
The execution, delivery and performance of the Loan Documents have been duly authorized, and do not conflict with Borrower’s organizational documents, nor constitute an event of default under any material agreement by which Borrower is bound. Borrower is not in default under any agreement to which it is a party or by which it is bound in which the default could have a material adverse effect on Borrower’s business.
5.2 Collateral. Borrower has good title to, has rights in, and the power to transfer each item of the Collateral upon which it purports to grant a Lien hereunder, free and clear of any and all Liens except Permitted Liens. Borrower has no deposit accounts other than the deposit accounts with Bank, the deposit accounts, if any, described in the Perfection Certificate delivered to Bank in connection herewith, or of which Borrower has given Bank notice and taken such actions as are necessary to give Bank a perfected security interest therein.
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The Collateral is not in the possession of any third party bailee (such as a warehouse) except as otherwise provided in the Perfection Certificate. None of the components of the Collateral shall be maintained at locations other than as provided in the Perfection Certificate or as Borrower has given Bank notice pursuant to Section 7.2. In the event that Borrower, after the date hereof, intends to store or otherwise deliver any portion of the Collateral to a bailee (other than as provided in the Perfection Certificate or other as may been previously disclosed to and consented to by Bank), then Borrower will first receive the written consent of Bank and such bailee must execute and deliver a bailee agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Bank in its sole discretion.
5.3 Intellectual Property. Borrower has sufficient rights to use its intellectual property material to its business. To the best of Borrower’s knowledge, no claim has been made that any part of the intellectual property material to Borrower’s business violates the rights of any third party except to the extent such claim could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Borrower’s business.
5.4 Litigation. There are no actions or proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of the Responsible Officers, threatened in writing by or against Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries involving more than $500,000.
5.5 No Material Deviation in Financial Statements. All consolidated financial statements for Borrower and any of its Subsidiaries delivered to Bank fairly present in all material respects Borrower’s consolidated financial condition and Borrower’s consolidated results of operations. There has not been any material deterioration in Borrower’s consolidated financial condition since the date of the most recent financial statements submitted to Bank.
5.6 Solvency. The fair salable value of Borrower’s assets (including goodwill minus disposition costs) exceeds the fair value of its liabilities; Borrower is not left with unreasonably small capital after the transactions in this Agreement; and Borrower is able to pay its debts (including trade debts) as they mature.
5.7 Regulatory Compliance. Borrower is not an “investment company” or a company “controlled” by an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act. Borrower is not engaged as one of its important activities in extending credit for margin stock (under Regulations T and U of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors). Borrower has complied in all material respects with the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act. Borrower has not violated any laws, ordinances or rules, the violation of which could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on its business. None of Borrower’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ properties or assets has been used by Borrower or any Subsidiary or, to the best of Borrower’s knowledge, by previous Persons, in disposing, producing, storing, treating, or transporting any hazardous substance in violation of applicable law. Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries have obtained all consents, approvals and authorizations of, made all declarations or filings with, and given all notices to, all government authorities that are necessary to continue its business as currently conducted.
5.8 Subsidiaries; Investments. Borrower does not own any stock, partnership interest or other equity securities except for Permitted Investments.
5.9 Tax Returns and Payments; Pension Contributions. Borrower has timely filed all required tax returns and reports, and Borrower has timely paid all foreign, federal, state and local taxes, assessments, deposits and contributions owed by Borrower. Borrower may defer payment of any contested taxes, provided that Borrower (a) in good faith contests its obligation to pay the taxes by appropriate proceedings promptly and diligently instituted and conducted, (b) notifies Bank in writing of the commencement of, and any material development in, the proceedings, (c) posts bonds or takes any other steps required to prevent the governmental authority levying such contested taxes from obtaining a Lien upon any of the Collateral that is other than a “Permitted Lien”. Borrower is unaware of any claims or adjustments proposed for any of Borrower’s prior tax years which could result in additional taxes becoming due and payable by Borrower. Borrower has paid all amounts necessary to fund all present pension, profit sharing and deferred compensation plans in accordance with their terms, and Borrower has not withdrawn from participation in, and has not permitted partial or complete termination of, or permitted the occurrence of any other event with respect to, any such plan which could reasonably be expected to result in any liability of Borrower, including any liability to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation or its successors or any other governmental agency.
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5.10 Use of Proceeds. Borrower shall use the proceeds of the Credit Extensions solely as working capital and to fund its general business requirements and not for personal, family, household or agricultural purposes.
5.11 Full Disclosure. No written representation, warranty or other statement of Borrower in any certificate or written statement given to Bank, as of the date such representations, warranties, or other statements were made, taken together with all such written certificates and written statements given to Bank, contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained in the certificates or statements not misleading (it being recognized by Bank that the projections and forecasts provided by Borrower in good faith and based upon reasonable assumptions are not viewed as facts and that actual results during the period or periods covered by such projections and forecasts may differ from the projected or forecasted results).
| 6. | AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS |
Borrower shall do all of the following:
6.1 Government Compliance. Borrower shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, maintain its legal existence and good standing in its jurisdiction of formation and each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business requires them to be so qualified, except where the failure to take such action would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Borrower’s and its Subsidiaries’ business or operations, taken as a whole; provided, that (a) the legal existence of any Subsidiary that is not a Guarantor may be terminated or permitted to lapse, and any qualification of such Subsidiary to do business may be terminated or permitted to lapse, if, in the good faith judgment of Borrower, such termination or lapse is in the best interests of Borrower and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and (b) Borrower may not permit its qualification to do business in the jurisdiction of its chief executive office to terminate or lapse; and provided, further, that this Section 6.2 shall not be construed to prohibit any other transaction that is otherwise permitted in Section 7 of this Agreement.
Borrower shall comply, and shall have each Subsidiary comply, with all laws, ordinances and regulations to which it is subject, noncompliance with which could have a material adverse effect on Borrower’s business.
6.2 Financial Statements, Reports, Certificates.
(a) Deliver to Bank: (i) as soon as available, but no later than five (5) Business Days after filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Borrower’s 10K, 10Q, and 8K reports; (ii) a Compliance Certificate together with delivery of the 10K and 10Q reports; (iii) a prompt report of any legal actions pending or threatened against Borrower or any Subsidiary that could result in damages or costs to Borrower or any Subsidiary of $500,000 or more; and (iv) budgets, sales projections, operating plans or other financial information Bank reasonably requests.
Borrower’s 10K, 10Q, and 8K reports required to be delivered pursuant to Section 6.2(a)(i) shall be deemed to have been delivered on the date on which Borrower posts such report or provides a link thereto on Borrower’s or another website on the Internet; provided, that Borrower shall provide paper copies to Bank of the Compliance Certificates required by Section 6.2(a)(ii).
(b) Within thirty (30) days after the last day of each of the first two (2) months of each calendar quarter, deliver to Bank Borrower-prepared monthly unaudited financial statements together with a duly completed Compliance Certificate signed by a Responsible Officer setting forth calculations showing compliance with the financial covenants set forth in this Agreement.
(c) At any time Advances are outstanding, within twenty (20) days after the last day of each month, deliver to Bank a duly completed Borrowing Base Certificate signed by a Responsible Officer, with aged listings of accounts receivable and accounts payable (by invoice date).
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(d) Allow Bank to audit Borrower’s Collateral at Borrower’s expense, up to a maximum of $850 per day, per person, excluding out of pocket expenses. Such audits shall be conducted no more often than once every 12 months unless a Default or an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
6.3 Taxes; Pensions. Make, and cause each of its Subsidiaries to make, timely payment of all foreign, federal, state, and local taxes or assessments (other than taxes and assessments which Borrower is contesting pursuant to the terms of Section 5.9 hereof) and shall deliver to Bank, on demand, appropriate certificates attesting to such payments, and pay all amounts necessary to fund all present pension, profit sharing and deferred compensation plans in accordance with their terms.
6.4 Insurance. Keep its business and the Collateral insured for risks and in amounts standard for companies in Borrower’s industry and location and as Bank may reasonably request. Insurance policies shall be in a form, with companies, and in amounts that are satisfactory to Bank. All property policies shall have a lender’s loss payable endorsement showing Bank as an additional lender loss payee and waive subrogation against Bank, and all liability policies shall show, or have endorsements showing, Bank as an additional insured. All policies (or the loss payable and additional insured endorsements) shall provide that the insurer must give Bank at least twenty (20) days notice before canceling, amending, or declining to renew its policy. At Bank’s request, Borrower shall deliver certified copies of policies and evidence of all premium payments. Proceeds payable under any policy shall, at Bank’s option, be payable to Bank on account of the Obligations. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Borrower shall have the option of applying the proceeds of any casualty policy in the aggregate, toward the replacement or repair of destroyed or damaged property; provided that any such replaced or repaired property (i) shall be of equal or like value as the replaced or repaired Collateral and (ii) shall be deemed Collateral in which Bank has been granted a first priority security interest, and after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, all proceeds payable under such casualty policy shall, at the option of Bank, be payable to Bank on account of the Obligations. If Borrower fails to obtain insurance as required under this Section 6.4 or to pay any amount or furnish any required proof of payment to third persons and Bank, Bank may make all or part of such payment or obtain such insurance policies required in this Section 6.4, and take any action under the policies Bank deems prudent.
6.5 Operating Accounts.
(a) Maintain its and its Domestic Subsidiaries’ primary depository and operating accounts with Bank and Bank’s affiliates.
(b) On and after January 31, 2006, maintain its and its Subsidiaries’ securities accounts with Bank and Bank’s affiliates which accounts shall represent at least 50% of the dollar value of Borrower’s and such Subsidiaries securities accounts at all financial institutions.
(c) In addition, for each Collateral Account that Borrower at any time maintains, Borrower shall cause the applicable bank or financial institution (other than Bank) at or with which any Collateral Account is maintained to execute and deliver a Control Agreement or other appropriate instrument with respect to such Collateral Account to perfect Bank’s Lien in such Collateral Account in accordance with the terms hereunder. The provisions of the previous sentence shall not apply to deposit accounts exclusively used for payroll, payroll taxes and other employee wage and benefit payments to or for the benefit of Borrower’s employees and identified to Bank by Borrower as such.
6.6 Financial Covenants.
(a) Adjusted Quick Ratio. Borrower shall maintain, on a consolidated basis with respect to Borrower and its Subsidiaries a ratio (“Adjusted Quick Ratio”) of Quick Assets to Current Liabilities, of at least 0.75 to 1.00 as of the last day of each month.
(b) Tangible Net Worth. Borrower shall maintain, on a consolidated basis with respect to Borrower and its Subsidiaries measured quarterly, Tangible Net Worth of at least: (i) $10,000,000 at March 31, 2011; (ii) $15,000,000 at June 30, 2011; (iii) $20,000,000 at September 30, 2011; and (iv) $25,000,000 at December 31, 2011 and thereafter.
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6.7 Protection of Intellectual Property Rights. To the extent it has the right to do so, Borrower shall: (a) protect, defend and maintain the validity and enforceability of its intellectual property material to its business; (b) promptly advise Bank in writing of material infringements of its intellectual property material to its business; and (c) not allow any of its intellectual property material to Borrower’s business to be abandoned, forfeited or dedicated to the public without Bank’s written consent.
6.8 Litigation Cooperation. From the date hereof and continuing through the termination of this Agreement, make available to Bank, without expense to Bank, Borrower and its officers, employees and agents and Borrower’s books and records, to the extent that Bank may deem them reasonably necessary to prosecute or defend any third-party suit or proceeding instituted by or against Bank with respect to any Collateral or relating to Borrower.
6.9 Further Assurances. Borrower shall execute any further instruments and take further action as Bank reasonably requests to perfect or continue Bank’s Lien in the Collateral or to effect the purposes of this Agreement.
| 7. | NEGATIVE COVENANTS |
Borrower shall not do any of the following without Bank’s prior written consent:
7.1 Dispositions. Convey, sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of (collectively “Transfer”), or permit any of its Subsidiaries to Transfer, all or any part of its business or property, except for:
(a) Transfers in the ordinary course of business for reasonably equivalent consideration;
(b) Transfers to Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries from Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries;
(c) Transfers of property for fair market value or otherwise in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice, such as free product samples;
(d) Transfers of property in connection with sale-leaseback transactions;
(e) Transfers of property to the extent such property is exchanged for credit against, or proceeds are promptly applied to, the purchase price of other property used or useful in the business of Borrower or its Subsidiaries;
(f) Transfers constituting non-exclusive licenses and similar arrangements for the use of any the property of Borrower or its Subsidiaries and, with respect to property immaterial to the business of Borrower and not generating revenue, other licenses and similar arrangements that may be exclusive in some or all respects;
(g) Transfers otherwise permitted by the Loan Documents;
(h) sales or discounting of delinquent accounts in the ordinary course of business;
(i) Transfers associated with the making or disposition of a Permitted Investment;
(j) Transfers in connection with a permitted acquisition of a portion of the assets or rights acquired; and
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(k) Transfers not otherwise permitted in this Section 7.1, provided, that the aggregate book value of all such Transfers by Borrower and its Subsidiaries, together, shall not exceed in any fiscal year, two and one-half percent (2.5%) of Borrower’s consolidated total assets as of the last day of the fiscal year immediately preceding the date of determination.
7.2 Changes in Business; Jurisdiction of Formation. Engage in any material line of business other than those lines of business conducted by Borrower and its Subsidiaries on the date hereof and any businesses reasonably related, complementary or incidental thereto or reasonable extensions thereof. Borrower will not, without prior written notice, change its jurisdiction of formation.
7.3 Mergers or Acquisitions. Merge or consolidate, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to merge or consolidate, with any Person other than with Borrower or any Subsidiary, or acquire, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to acquire, all or substantially all of the capital stock or property of a Person other than Borrower or any Subsidiary, except where no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would result from such action during the term of this Agreement, and (a) Borrower is the surviving entity or the ultimate parent entity or (b) such merger or consolidation is a Transfer otherwise permitted pursuant to Section 7.1 hereof.
7.4 Indebtedness. Create, incur, assume, or be liable for any Indebtedness, or permit any Subsidiary to do so, other than Permitted Indebtedness.
7.5 Encumbrance. Except as is otherwise permitted hereunder and except for “Permitted Liens,” create, incur, or allow any Lien on any of the Collateral, or assign or convey any right to receive income, including the sale of any Accounts, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to do so, permit any Collateral not to be subject to the first priority security interest granted herein.
7.6 Maintenance of Collateral Accounts. Maintain any Collateral Account except pursuant to the terms of Section 6.5(b) hereof.
7.7 Distributions; Investments. (a) Directly or indirectly acquire or own any Person, or make any Investment in any Person, other than Permitted Investments, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to do so; or (b) pay any dividends or make any distribution or payment or redeem, retire or purchase any capital stock other than Permitted Distributions.
7.8 Transactions with Affiliates. Directly or indirectly enter into or permit to exist any material transaction with any Affiliate of Borrower except for (a) transactions approved by the Audit Committee or a committee of independent directors of Borrower’s Board of Directors; or (b) transactions among Borrower and its Subsidiaries and among Borrower’s Subsidiaries so long as no Event of Default exists or could result therefrom.
7.9 Subordinated Debt. Make or permit any payment on or amendments of any Subordinated Debt, except (a) payments pursuant to the terms of the Subordinated Debt; (b) prepayments of that certain Facility Agreement, dated September 26, 2008, so long as no Event of Default exists after giving effect thereto; (c) payments made with Borrower’s capital stock or other Subordinated Debt; (d) amendments to Subordinated Debt so long as such Subordinated Debt remains subordinated in right of payment to this Agreement and any Liens securing such Subordinated Debt remain subordinate in priority to Bank’s Lien hereunder; or (e) other purchases or payments of Subordinated Debt, provided that the aggregate amount of such purchases or payments made pursuant to this clause (d) during the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the date of determination, when combined with distributions, dividends or purchases of Borrower’s capital stock in cash during such period, shall not exceed $500,000, and no Event of Default exists or could result from such purchases.
7.10 Compliance. Become an “investment company” or a company controlled by an “investment company”, under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or undertake as one of its important activities extending credit to purchase or carry margin stock (as defined in Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System), or use the proceeds of any Credit Extension for that purpose; fail to meet the minimum funding requirements of ERISA, permit a Reportable Event or Prohibited Transaction, as defined in ERISA, to occur; fail to comply with the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act or violate any other law or regulation, if the violation could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Borrower’s business, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to do so; withdraw or permit any Subsidiary to withdraw from participation in, permit partial or complete termination of, or permit the occurrence of any other event with respect to, any present pension, profit sharing and deferred compensation plan which could reasonably be expected to result in any liability of Borrower, including any liability to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation or its successors or any other governmental agency.
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7.11 Negative Pledge on Intellectual Property. Except as is otherwise permitted hereunder and except for Permitted Liens, Borrower shall not sell, transfer, assign, mortgage, pledge, lease, grant a security interest in, or encumber any of Borrower’s intellectual property, or enter into any agreement, document, instrument or other arrangement (except with or in favor of Bank) with any Person which directly or indirectly prohibits or has the effect of prohibiting Borrower or any Subsidiary from assigning, mortgaging, pledging, granting a security interest in or upon, or encumbering any of Borrower’s or any Subsidiary’s intellectual property, including, without limitation, the following: (a) any and all copyright rights, copyright applications, copyright registrations and like protections in each work or authorship and derivative work thereof, whether published or unpublished and whether or not the same also constitutes a trade secret, now or hereafter existing, created, acquired or held; (b) all mask works or similar rights available for the protection of semiconductor chips, now owned or hereafter acquired; (c) any and all trade secrets, and any and all intellectual property rights in computer software and computer software products now or hereafter existing, created, acquired or held; (d) any and all design rights which may be available to Borrower now or hereafter existing, created, acquired or held; (e) all patents, patent applications and like protections including, without limitation, improvements, divisions, continuations, renewals, reissues, extensions and continuations-in-part of the same, including without limitation the patents and patent applications; (f) any trademark and service mark rights, whether registered or not, applications to register and registrations of the same and like protections, and the entire goodwill of the business of Borrower connected with and symbolized by such trademarks, including without limitation; (g) any and all claims for damages by way of past, present and future infringements of any of the rights included above, with the right, but not the obligation, to sue for and collect such damages for said use or infringement of the intellectual property rights identified above; (h) all licenses or other rights to use any of the foregoing, and all license fees and royalties arising from such use to the extent permitted by such license or rights; (i) all amendments, extensions, renewals and extensions relating to the forgoing; and (j) all proceeds and products of the foregoing, including without limitation all payments under insurance or any indemnity or warranty payable in respect of any of the foregoing.
| 8. | EVENTS OF DEFAULT |
Any one of the following shall constitute an event of default (an “Event of Default”) under this Agreement:
8.1 Payment Default. Borrower fails to (a) make any payment of principal or interest on any Credit Extension on its due date, or (b) pay any other Obligations within three (3) Business Days after such Obligations are due and payable. During the cure period, the failure to cure the payment default is not an Event of Default (but no Credit Extension will be made during the cure period);
8.2 Covenant Default.
(a) Borrower fails or neglects to perform any obligation in Sections 6.2 or 6.6 or violates any covenant in Section 7; or
(b) Borrower fails or neglects to perform, keep, or observe any other term, provision, condition, covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement, any Loan Documents, and as to any default (other than those specified in Section 8 below) under such other term, provision, condition, covenant or agreement that can be cured, has failed to cure the default within ten (10) days after the occurrence thereof; provided, however, that if the default cannot by its nature be cured within the ten (10) day period or cannot after diligent attempts by Borrower be cured within such ten (10) day period, and such default is likely to be cured within a reasonable time, then Borrower shall have an additional period (which shall not in any case exceed thirty (30) days) to attempt to cure such default, and within such reasonable time period the failure to cure the default shall not be deemed an Event of Default (but no Credit Extensions shall be made during such cure period). Grace periods provided under this section shall not apply, among other things, to financial covenants or any other covenants set forth in subsection (a) above;
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8.3 Material Adverse Change. A Material Adverse Change occurs;
8.4 Attachment. (a) Any material portion of Borrower’s assets is attached, seized, levied on, or comes into possession of a trustee or receiver and the attachment, seizure or levy is not removed in ten (10) days; (b) the service of process upon Borrower seeking to attach, by trustee or similar process, any funds of Borrower on deposit with Bank, or any entity under control of Bank (including a subsidiary); (c) Borrower is enjoined, restrained, or prevented by court order from conducting a material part of its business; (d) a judgment or other claim in excess of $500,000 becomes a Lien on any of Borrower’s assets; or (e) a notice of lien, levy, or assessment in excess of $500,000 is filed against any of Borrower’s assets by any government agency and not paid within ten (10) days after Borrower receives notice. These are not Events of Default if stayed or if a bond is posted pending contest by Borrower (but no Credit Extensions shall be made during the cure period);
8.5 Insolvency. Borrower is unable to pay its debts (including trade debts) as they become due or otherwise becomes insolvent; (b) Borrower begins an Insolvency Proceeding; or (c) an Insolvency Proceeding is begun against Borrower and not dismissed or stayed within thirty (30) days (but no Credit Extensions shall be made while of any of the conditions described in clause (a) exist and/or until any Insolvency Proceeding is dismissed);
8.6 Other Agreements. If Borrower fails to (a) make any payment that is due and payable with respect to any Material Indebtedness and such failure continues after the applicable grace or notice period, if any, specified in the agreement or instrument relating thereto, or (b) perform or observe any other condition or covenant, or any other event shall occur or condition exist under any agreement or instrument relating to any Material Indebtedness, and such failure continues after the applicable grace or notice period, if any, specified in the agreement or instrument relating thereto and the effect of such failure, event or condition is to cause the holder or holders of such Material Indebtedness to accelerate the maturity of such Material Indebtedness or cause the mandatory repurchase of any Material Indebtedness;
8.7 Judgments. A judgment or judgments for the payment of money in an amount, individually or in the aggregate, of at least $500,000 (not covered by independent third-party insurance) shall be rendered against Borrower and shall remain unsatisfied and unstayed for a period of ten (10) days after the entry thereof (provided that no Credit Extensions will be made prior to the satisfaction or stay of such judgment);
8.8 Misrepresentations. Borrower or any Person acting for Borrower makes any representation, warranty, or other statement now or later in this Agreement, any Loan Document or in any writing delivered to Bank or to induce Bank to enter this Agreement or any Loan Document, and such representation, warranty, or other statement is incorrect in any material respect when made; or
8.9 Subordinated Debt. A default or breach occurs under any agreement between Borrower and any creditor of Borrower that signed a subordination, intercreditor, or other similar agreement with Bank, or any creditor that has signed such an agreement with Bank breaches any terms of such agreement.
| 9. | BANK’S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES |
9.1 Rights and Remedies. While an Event of Default occurs and continues Bank may, without notice or demand, do any or all of the following:
(a) declare all Obligations immediately due and payable (but if an Event of Default described in Section 8.5 occurs all Obligations are immediately due and payable without any action by Bank);
(b) stop advancing money or extending credit for Borrower’s benefit under this Agreement or under any other agreement between Borrower and Bank, and demand that Borrower (i) deposits cash with Bank in an amount equal to the aggregate amount of any Letters of Credit remaining undrawn, as collateral security for the repayment of any future drawings under such Letters of Credit, and Borrower shall forthwith deposit and pay such amounts, and (ii) pay in advance all Letter of Credit fees scheduled to be paid or payable over the remaining term of any Letters of Credit, and terminate any FX Contracts;
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(c) settle or adjust disputes and claims directly with Account Debtors for amounts on terms and in any order that Bank considers advisable, notify any Person owing Borrower money of Bank’s security interest in such funds, and verify the amount of such account;
(d) make any payments and do any acts it considers necessary or reasonable to protect the Collateral and/or its security interest in the Collateral. Borrower shall assemble the Collateral if Bank requests and make it available as Bank designates. Bank may enter premises where the Collateral is located, take and maintain possession of any part of the Collateral, and pay, purchase, contest, or compromise any Lien which appears to be prior or superior to its security interest and pay all expenses incurred. Borrower grants Bank a license to enter and occupy any of its premises, without charge, to exercise any of Bank’s rights or remedies;
(e) apply to the Obligations any (i) balances and deposits of Borrower it holds, or (ii) any amount held by Bank owing to or for the credit or the account of Borrower;
(f) ship, reclaim, recover, store, finish, maintain, repair, prepare for sale, advertise for sale, and sell the Collateral in accordance with applicable law, including the Code. Bank is hereby granted a non-exclusive, royalty-free license or other right to use, without charge, Borrower’s labels, patents, copyrights, mask works, rights of use of any name, trade secrets, trade names, trademarks, service marks, and advertising matter, or any similar property as it pertains to the Collateral, in completing production of, advertising for sale, and selling any Collateral and, in connection with Bank’s exercise of its rights under this Section, Borrower’s rights under all licenses and all franchise agreements inure to Bank’s benefit;
(g) place a “hold” on any account maintained with Bank and/or deliver a notice of exclusive control, any entitlement order, or other directions or instructions pursuant to any Control Agreement or similar agreements providing control of any Collateral;
(h) demand and receive possession of Borrower’s Books; and
(i) exercise all rights and remedies available to Bank under the Loan Documents or at law or equity, including all remedies provided under the Code (including disposal of the Collateral pursuant to the terms thereof).
9.2 Power of Attorney. Borrower hereby irrevocably appoints Bank as its lawful attorney-in-fact, exercisable upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, to: (a) endorse Borrower’s name on any checks or other forms of payment or security; (b) sign Borrower’s name on any invoice or bill of lading for any Account or drafts against Account Debtors; (c) settle and adjust disputes and claims about the Accounts directly with Account Debtors, for amounts and on terms Bank determines reasonable; (d) make, settle, and adjust all claims under Borrower’s insurance policies; (e) pay, contest or settle any Lien, charge, encumbrance, security interest, and adverse claim in or to the Collateral, or any judgment based thereon, or otherwise take any action to terminate or discharge the same; and (f) transfer the Collateral into the name of Bank or a third party as the Code permits. Borrower hereby appoints Bank as its lawful attorney-in-fact to sign Borrower’s name on any documents necessary to perfect or continue the perfection of any security interest regardless of whether an Event of Default has occurred until all Obligations have been satisfied in full and Bank is under no further obligation to make Credit Extensions hereunder. Bank’s foregoing appointment as Borrower’s attorney in fact, and all of Bank’s rights and powers, coupled with an interest, are irrevocable until all Obligations have been fully repaid and performed and Bank’s obligation to provide Credit Extensions terminates.
9.3 Accounts Verification; Collection. Whether or not an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Bank may (upon prior notice to Borrower if no Event of Default exists) notify any Person owing Borrower money of Bank’s security interest in such funds and verify the amount of such account. After the occurrence of an Event of Default, any amounts received by Borrower shall be held in trust by Borrower for Bank, and, if requested by Bank, Borrower shall immediately deliver such receipts to Bank in the form received from the Account Debtor, with proper endorsements for deposit.
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9.4 Protective Payments. If Borrower fails to obtain the insurance called for by Section 6.4 or fails to pay any premium thereon or fails to pay any other amount which Borrower is obligated to pay under this Agreement or any other Loan Document, Bank may obtain such insurance or make such payment, and all amounts so paid by Bank are Bank Expenses and immediately due and payable, bearing interest at the then highest applicable rate, and secured by the Collateral. Bank will make reasonable efforts to provide Borrower with notice of Bank obtaining such insurance at the time it is obtained or within a reasonable time thereafter. No payments by Bank are deemed an agreement to make similar payments in the future or Bank’s waiver of any Event of Default.
9.5 Application of Payments and Proceeds. Unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Bank shall apply any funds in its possession, whether from Borrower account balances, payments, or proceeds realized as the result of any collection of Accounts or other disposition of the Collateral, first, to Bank Expenses, including without limitation, the reasonable costs, expenses, liabilities, obligations and attorneys’ fees incurred by Bank in the exercise of its rights under this Agreement; second, to the interest due upon any of the Obligations; and third, to the principal of the Obligations and any applicable fees and other charges, in such order as Bank shall determine in its sole discretion. Any surplus shall be paid to Borrower or other Persons legally entitled thereto; Borrower shall remain liable to Bank for any deficiency. If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Bank may apply any funds in its possession, whether from Borrower account balances, payments, proceeds realized as the result of any collection of Accounts or other disposition of the Collateral, or otherwise, to the Obligations in such order as Bank shall determine in its sole discretion. Any surplus shall be paid to Borrower or other Persons legally entitled thereto; Borrower shall remain liable to Bank for any deficiency. If Bank, in its good faith business judgment, directly or indirectly enters into a deferred payment or other credit transaction with any purchaser at any sale of Collateral, Bank shall have the option, exercisable at any time, of either reducing the Obligations by the principal amount of the purchase price or deferring the reduction of the Obligations until the actual receipt by Bank of cash therefor.
9.6 Bank’s Liability for Collateral. So long as Bank complies with reasonable banking practices regarding the safekeeping of the Collateral in the possession or under the control of Bank, Bank shall not be liable or responsible for: (a) the safekeeping of the Collateral; (b) any loss or damage to the Collateral; (c) any diminution in the value of the Collateral; or (d) any act or default of any carrier, warehouseman, bailee, or other Person. Borrower bears all risk of loss, damage or destruction of the Collateral.
9.7 No Waiver; Remedies Cumulative. Bank’s failure, at any time or times, to require strict performance by Borrower of any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall not waive, affect, or diminish any right of Bank thereafter to demand strict performance and compliance herewith or therewith. No waiver hereunder shall be effective unless signed by Bank and then is only effective for the specific instance and purpose for which it is given. Bank’s rights and remedies under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents are cumulative. Bank has all rights and remedies provided under the Code, by law, or in equity. Bank’s exercise of one right or remedy is not an election, and Bank’s waiver of any Event of Default is not a continuing waiver. Bank’s delay in exercising any remedy is not a waiver, election, or acquiescence.
9.8 Demand Waiver. Borrower waives demand, notice of default or dishonor, notice of payment and nonpayment, notice of any default, nonpayment at maturity, release, compromise, settlement, extension, or renewal of accounts, documents, instruments, chattel paper, and guarantees held by Bank on which Borrower is liable.
| 10. | NOTICES |
All notices, consents, requests, approvals, demands, or other communication (collectively, “Communication”) by any party to this Agreement or any other Loan Document must be in writing and shall be deemed to have been validly served, given, or delivered: (a) upon the earlier of actual receipt and three (3) Business Days after deposit in the U.S. mail, first class, registered or certified mail return receipt requested, with proper postage prepaid; (b) upon transmission, when sent by electronic mail or facsimile transmission; (c) one (1) Business Day after deposit with a reputable overnight courier with all charges prepaid; or (d) when delivered, if hand-delivered by messenger, all of which shall be addressed to the party to be notified and sent to the address, facsimile number, or email address indicated below. Bank or Borrower may change its address or facsimile number by giving the other party written notice thereof in accordance with the terms of this Section 10.
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| If to Borrower: | ISTA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 50 Technology Irvine, CA 92618 Attn: Lauren Silvernail Fax: 949-789-7744 Email: lsilvernail@istavision.com |
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| With a copy to: | Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth 660 Newport Center Drive, Suite 1600 Newport Beach, CA 92660 Attn: Lawrence Cohn Fax: (949) 725-4100 Email: lcohn@sycr.com |
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| If to Bank: | Silicon Valley Bank 38 Technology Drive, Suite 150 Irvine, CA 92618 Attn: Brett Maver Fax: (949) 789-1930 Email: BMaver@svbank.com |
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| 11. | CHOICE OF LAW, VENUE AND JURY TRIAL WAIVER |
California law governs the Loan Documents without regard to principles of conflicts of law. Borrower and Bank each submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the State and Federal courts in Santa Clara County, California; provided, however, that nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to operate to preclude Bank from bringing suit or taking other legal action in any other jurisdiction to realize on the Collateral or any other security for the Obligations, or to enforce a judgment or other court order in favor of Bank. Borrower expressly submits and consents in advance to such jurisdiction in any action or suit commenced in any such court, and Borrower hereby waives any objection that it may have based upon lack of personal jurisdiction, improper venue, or forum non conveniens and hereby consents to the granting of such legal or equitable relief as is deemed appropriate by such court. Borrower hereby waives personal service of the summons, complaints, and other process issued in such action or suit and agrees that service of such summons, complaints, and other process may be made by registered or certified mail addressed to Borrower at the address set forth in Section 10 of this Agreement and that service so made shall be deemed completed upon the earlier to occur of Borrower’s actual receipt thereof or three (3) days after deposit in the U.S. mails, proper postage prepaid.
BORROWER AND BANK EACH WAIVE THEIR RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL OF ANY CLAIM OR CAUSE OF ACTION ARISING OUT OF OR BASED UPON THIS AGREEMENT, THE LOAN DOCUMENTS OR ANY CONTEMPLATED TRANSACTION, INCLUDING CONTRACT, TORT, BREACH OF DUTY AND ALL OTHER CLAIMS. THIS WAIVER IS A MATERIAL INDUCEMENT FOR BOTH PARTIES TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT. EACH PARTY HAS REVIEWED THIS WAIVER WITH ITS COUNSEL.
| 12. | GENERAL PROVISIONS |
12.1 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement binds and is for the benefit of the successors and permitted assigns of each party. Borrower may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations under it without Bank’s prior written consent (which may be granted or withheld in Bank’s discretion). Bank has the right, without the consent of or notice to Borrower, to sell, transfer, negotiate, or grant participation in all or any part of, or any interest in, Bank’s obligations, rights, and benefits under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
12.2 Indemnification. Borrower agrees to indemnify, defend and hold Bank and its directors, officers, employees, agents, attorneys, or any other Person affiliated with or representing Bank harmless against: (a) all obligations, demands, claims, and liabilities (collectively, “Claims”) asserted by any other party in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents; and (b) all losses or Bank Expenses incurred, or paid by Bank from, following, or arising from transactions between Bank and Borrower (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses), except for Claims and/or losses directly caused by Bank’s gross negligence or willful misconduct.
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12.3 Limitation of Actions. Any claim or cause of action by Borrower against Bank, its directors, officers, employees, agents, accountants, attorneys, or any other Person affiliated with or representing Bank based upon, arising from, or relating to this Loan Agreement or any other Loan Document, or any other transaction contemplated hereby or thereby or relating hereto or thereto, or any other matter, cause or thing whatsoever, occurred, done, omitted or suffered to be done by Bank, its directors, officers, employees, agents, accountants or attorneys, shall be barred unless asserted by Borrower by the commencement of an action or proceeding in a court of competent jurisdiction by the filing of a complaint within one year after the first act, occurrence or omission upon which such claim or cause of action, or any part thereof, is based, and the service of a summons and complaint on an officer of Bank, or on any other person authorized to accept service on behalf of Bank, within thirty (30) days thereafter. Borrower agrees that such one-year period is a reasonable and sufficient time for Borrower to investigate and act upon any such claim or cause of action. The one-year period provided herein shall not be waived, tolled, or extended except by the written consent of Bank in its sole discretion. This provision shall survive any termination of this Loan Agreement or any other Loan Document.
12.4 Time of Essence. Time is of the essence for the performance of all Obligations in this Agreement.
12.5 Severability of Provisions. Each provision of this Agreement is severable from every other provision in determining the enforceability of any provision.
12.6 Amendments in Writing; Integration. All amendments to this Agreement must be in writing signed by both Bank and Borrower. This Agreement and the Loan Documents represent the entire agreement about this subject matter and supersede prior negotiations or agreements, including that certain Loan and Security Agreement dated December 16, 2005. All prior agreements, understandings, representations, warranties, and negotiations between the parties about the subject matter of this Agreement and the Loan Documents merge into this Agreement and the Loan Documents. This Agreement amends, restates and superseded the Loan and Security Agreement dated as of December 16, 2005 but does not act as a novation of such Loan and Security Agreement.
12.7 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and by different parties on separate counterparts, each of which, when executed and delivered, are an original, and all taken together, constitute one Agreement.
12.8 Survival. All covenants, representations and warranties made in this Agreement continue in full force until this Agreement has terminated pursuant to its terms and all Obligations (other than inchoate indemnity obligations and any other obligations which, by their terms, are to survive the termination of this Agreement) have been satisfied. The obligation of Borrower in Section 12.2 to indemnify Bank shall survive until the statute of limitations with respect to such claim or cause of action shall have run.
12.9 Confidentiality. In handling any confidential information, Bank shall exercise the same degree of care that it exercises for its own proprietary information, but disclosure of information may be made: (a) to Bank’s Subsidiaries or Affiliates; (b) to prospective transferees or purchasers of any interest in the Credit Extensions (provided, however, Bank shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain such prospective transferee’s or purchaser’s agreement to the terms of this provision); (c) as required by law, regulation, subpoena, or other order; (d) to Bank’s regulators or as otherwise required in connection with Bank’s examination or audit; and (e) as Bank considers appropriate in exercising remedies under this Agreement. Confidential information does not include information that either: (i) is in the public domain or in Bank’s possession when disclosed to Bank, or becomes part of the public domain after disclosure to Bank; or (ii) is disclosed to Bank by a third party, if Bank does not know or should not have reasonably known that the third party is prohibited from disclosing the information.
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12.10 Attorneys’ Fees, Costs and Expenses. In any action or proceeding between Borrower and Bank arising out of or relating to the Loan Documents, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred, in addition to any other relief to which it may be entitled.
| 13. | DEFINITIONS |
13.1 Definitions. As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the following meanings:
“Account” is any “account” as defined in the Code with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made, and includes, without limitation, all accounts receivable and other sums owing to Borrower.
“Account Debtor” is any “account debtor” as defined in the Code with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made.
“Advance” or “Advances” means an advance (or advances) under the Revolving Line.
“Affiliate” of any Person is a Person that owns or controls directly or indirectly the Person, any Person that controls or is controlled by or is under common control with the Person, and each of that Person’s senior executive officers, directors, partners and, for any Person that is a limited liability company, that Person’s managers and members.
“Agreement” is defined in the preamble hereof.
“Bank” is defined in the preamble hereof.
“Bank Expenses” are all audit fees and expenses, costs, and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) for preparing, negotiating, administering, defending and enforcing the Loan Documents (including, without limitation, those incurred in connection with appeals or Insolvency Proceedings) or otherwise incurred with respect to Borrower.
“Borrower” is defined in the preamble hereof
“Borrower’s Books” are all Borrower’s books and records including ledgers, federal and state tax returns, records regarding Borrower’s assets or liabilities, the Collateral, business operations or financial condition, and all computer programs or storage or any equipment containing such information.
“Borrowing Base” is (a) 80% of Eligible Accounts plus (b) 25% of Net Cash (up to $10,000,000), as determined by Bank from Borrower’s most recent Borrowing Base Certificate; provided, however, that Bank may decrease the foregoing percentages in its good faith business judgment based on events, conditions, contingencies, or risks which, as determined by Bank, may adversely affect Collateral.
“Borrowing Resolutions” are, with respect to any Person, those resolutions adopted by such Person’s Board of Directors and delivered by such Person to Bank approving the Loan Documents to which such Person is a party and the transactions contemplated thereby, together with a certificate executed by its secretary on behalf of such Person certifying that (a) such Person has the authority to execute, deliver, and perform its obligations under each of the Loan Documents to which it is a party, (b) that attached as Exhibit A to such certificate is a true, correct, and complete copy of the resolutions then in full force and effect authorizing and ratifying the execution, delivery, and performance by such Person of the Loan Documents to which it is a party, (c) the name(s) of the Person(s) authorized to execute the Loan Documents on behalf of such Person, together with a sample of the true signature(s) of such Person(s), and (d) that Bank may conclusively rely on such certificate unless and until such Person shall have delivered to Bank a further certificate canceling or amending such prior certificate.
“Business Day” is any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking institutions in the State of California are authorized or required by law or other governmental action to close.
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“Cash Equivalents” means (a) marketable direct obligations issued or unconditionally guaranteed by the United States or any agency or any State thereof having maturities of not more than one (1) year from the date of acquisition; (b) commercial paper maturing no more than one (1) year after its creation and having the highest rating from either Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group or Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., (c) Bank’s certificates of deposit issued maturing no more than one (1) year after issue; and (d) money market funds at least ninety-five percent (95%) of the assets of which constitute Cash Equivalents of the kinds described in clauses (a) through (c) of this definition.
“Code” is the Uniform Commercial Code, as the same may, from time to time, be enacted and in effect in the State of California; provided, that, to the extent that the Code is used to define any term herein or in any Loan Document and such term is defined differently in different Articles or Divisions of the Code, the definition of such term contained in Article or Division 9 shall govern; provided further, that in the event that, by reason of mandatory provisions of law, any or all of the attachment, perfection, or priority of, or remedies with respect to, Bank’s Lien on any Collateral is governed by the Uniform Commercial Code in effect in a jurisdiction other than the State of California, the term “Code” shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as enacted and in effect in such other jurisdiction solely for purposes on the provisions thereof relating to such attachment, perfection, priority, or remedies and for purposes of definitions relating to such provisions.
“Collateral” is any and all properties, rights and assets of Borrower described on Exhibit A.
“Collateral Account” is any Deposit Account, Securities Account, or Commodity Account.
“Commodity Account” is any “commodity account” as defined in the Code with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made.
“Communication” is defined in Section 10.
“Compliance Certificate” is that certain certificate in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D.
“Contingent Obligation” is, for any Person, any direct or indirect liability, contingent or not, of that Person for (a) any indebtedness, lease, dividend, letter of credit or other obligation of another such as an obligation directly or indirectly guaranteed, endorsed, co-made, discounted or sold with recourse by that Person, or for which that Person is directly or indirectly liable; (b) any obligations for undrawn letters of credit for the account of that Person; and (c) all obligations from any interest rate, currency or commodity swap agreement, interest rate cap or collar agreement, or other agreement or arrangement designated to protect a Person against fluctuation in interest rates, currency exchange rates or commodity prices; but “Contingent Obligation” does not include endorsements in the ordinary course of business. The amount of a Contingent Obligation is the stated or determined amount of the primary obligation for which the Contingent Obligation is made or, if not determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated liability for it determined by the Person in good faith; but the amount may not exceed the maximum of the obligations under any guarantee or other support arrangement.
“Control Agreement” is any control agreement entered into among the depository institution at which Borrower maintains a Deposit Account or the securities intermediary or commodity intermediary at which Borrower maintains a Securities Account or a Commodity account, Borrower, and Bank pursuant to which Bank obtains control (within the meaning of the Code) over such Deposit Account, Securities Account, or Commodity Account.
“Credit Extension” is any Advance or any other extension of credit by Bank for Borrower’s benefit.
“Current Liabilities” are all obligations and liabilities of Borrower to Bank, plus, without duplication, the aggregate amount of Borrower’s Total Liabilities that mature within one (1) year, less Deferred Revenue and the current portion of Subordinated Debt.
“Default” means any event which with notice or passage of time or both, would constitute an Event of Default.
“Default Rate” is defined in Section 2.5(b).
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“Deferred Revenue” is all amounts received or invoiced in advance of performance under contracts and not yet recognized as revenue.
“Deposit Account” is any “deposit account” as defined in the Code with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made.
“Designated Deposit Account” is Borrower’s deposit account, account number 3300059800, maintained with Bank.
“Dollars,” “dollars” and “$” each mean lawful money of the United States.
“Domestic Subsidiaries” is any Subsidiary of Borrower organized under the laws of any state in the United States of America.
“Effective Amount” means with respect to any Advances on any date, the aggregate outstanding principal amount thereof after giving effect to any borrowing and prepayments or repayments thereof occurring on such date.
“Effective Date” is the date Bank executes this Agreement and as indicated on the signature page hereof.
“Eligible Accounts” are Accounts which arise in the ordinary course of Borrower’s business that meet all Borrower’s representations and warranties in Section 5.3. Bank reserves the right at any time and from time to time after the Effective Date, to adjust any of the criteria set forth below and to establish new criteria in its good faith business judgment. Unless Bank agrees otherwise in writing, Eligible Accounts shall not include:
(a) Accounts for which the Account Debtor has not been invoiced;
(b) Accounts that the Account Debtor has not paid within 120 days of invoice date;
(c) Accounts owing from an Account Debtor, fifty percent (50%) or more of whose Accounts have not been paid within 120 days of invoice date;
(d) Credit balances over 120 days from invoice date;
(e) Accounts owing from an Account Debtor, including Affiliates, whose total obligations to Borrower exceed twenty-five percent (25%) of all Accounts (provided that such concentration limit shall be the lesser of (x) $10,000,000 as to each Account Debtor and (y) 45% in the aggregate as to the Accounts due from Account Debtors Amerisource Bergen, Cardinal Health, Inc., and McKesson Corp.), as to the amounts that exceed that percentage (or dollar limitation, as applicable), unless Bank approves in writing;
(f) Accounts owing from an Account Debtor which does not have its principal place of business in the United States unless supported by letters of credit issued and negotiated by Bank or foreign credit insurance, in each case as deemed acceptable by Bank;
(g) Accounts owing from an Account Debtor which is a federal, state or local government entity or any department, agency, or instrumentality thereof except for Accounts of the United States if Borrower has assigned its payment rights to Bank and the assignment has been acknowledged under the Federal Assignment of Claims Act of 1940, as amended;
(h) Accounts owing from an Account Debtor to the extent that Borrower is indebted or obligated in any manner to the Account Debtor (as creditor, lessor, supplier or otherwise—sometimes called “contra” accounts, accounts payable, customer deposits or credit accounts), with the exception of customary credits, adjustments and/or discounts given to an Account Debtor by Borrower in the ordinary course of its business;
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(i) Accounts for demonstration or promotional equipment, or in which goods are consigned, or sold on a “sale guaranteed”, “sale or return”, “sale on approval”, “bill and hold”, or other terms if Account Debtor’s payment may be conditional;
(j) Accounts for which the Account Debtor is Borrower’s Affiliate, officer, employee, or agent;
(k) Accounts in which the Account Debtor disputes liability or makes any claim (but only up to the disputed or claimed amount), or if the Account Debtor is subject to an Insolvency Proceeding, or becomes insolvent, or goes out of business;
(l) Accounts owing from an Account Debtor with respect to which Borrower has received deferred revenue (but only to the extent of such deferred revenue);
(m) Accounts for which Bank in its good faith business judgment determines collection to be doubtful; and
(n) other Accounts Bank deems ineligible in the exercise of its good faith business judgment.
“Equipment” is all “equipment” as defined in the Code with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made, and includes without limitation all machinery, fixtures, goods, vehicles (including motor vehicles and trailers), and any interest in any of the foregoing.
“ERISA” is the Employment Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, and its regulations.
“Event of Default” is defined in Section 8.
“Foreign Currency” means lawful money of a country other than the United States.
“Funding Date” is any date on which a Credit Extension is made to or on account of Borrower which shall be a Business Day.
“FX Business Day” is any day when (a) Bank’s Foreign Exchange Department is conducting its normal business and (b) the Foreign Currency being purchased or sold by Borrower is available to Bank from the entity from which Bank shall buy or sell such Foreign Currency.
“GAAP” is generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other Person as may be approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession, which are applicable to the circumstances as of the date of determination.
“General Intangibles” is all “general intangibles” as defined in the Code in effect on the date hereof with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made, and includes without limitation, all copyright rights, copyright applications, copyright registrations and like protections in each work of authorship and derivative work, whether published or unpublished, any patents, trademarks, service marks and, to the extent permitted under applicable law, any applications therefor, whether registered or not, any trade secret rights, including any rights to unpatented inventions, payment intangibles, royalties, contract rights, goodwill, franchise agreements, purchase orders, customer lists, route lists, telephone numbers, domain names, claims, income and other tax refunds, security and other deposits, options to purchase or sell real or personal property, rights in all litigation presently or hereafter pending (whether in contract, tort or otherwise), insurance policies (including without limitation key man, property damage, and business interruption insurance), payments of insurance and rights to payment of any kind.
“Guarantor” is any present or future guarantor of the Obligations.
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“Indebtedness” is (a) indebtedness for borrowed money or the deferred price of property or services, such as reimbursement and other obligations for surety bonds and letters of credit, (b) obligations evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or similar instruments, (c) capital lease obligations, and (d) Contingent Obligations.
“Insolvency Proceeding” is any proceeding by or against any Person under the United States Bankruptcy Code, or any other bankruptcy or insolvency law, including assignments for the benefit of creditors, compositions, extensions generally with its creditors, or proceedings seeking reorganization, arrangement, or other relief.
“Inventory” is all “inventory” as defined in the Code in effect on the date hereof with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made, and includes without limitation all merchandise, raw materials, parts, supplies, packing and shipping materials, work in process and finished products, including without limitation such inventory as is temporarily out of Borrower’s custody or possession or in transit and including any returned goods and any documents of title representing any of the above.
“Investment” is any beneficial ownership interest in any Person (including stock, partnership interest or other securities), and any loan, advance or capital contribution to any Person.
“Letters of Credit” means a standby letter of credit issued by Bank or another institution based upon an application, guarantee, indemnity or similar agreement on the part of Bank as set forth in Section 2.2.2.
“Lien” is a mortgage, lien, deed of trust, charge, pledge, security interest or other encumbrance.
“Loan Documents” are, collectively, this Agreement, the Perfection Certificate, any note, or notes or guaranties executed by Borrower or any Guarantor, and any other present or future agreement between Borrower any Guarantor and/or for the benefit of Bank in connection with this Agreement, all as amended, restated, or otherwise modified.
“Material Adverse Change” is (a) a material impairment in the perfection or priority of Bank’s Lien in the Collateral or in the value of such Collateral; (b) a material adverse change in the business, operations, or condition (financial or otherwise) of Borrower; (c) a material impairment of the prospect of repayment of any portion of the Obligations or (d) Bank determines, based upon information available to it and in its reasonable judgment, that there is a reasonable likelihood that Borrower shall fail to comply with one or more of the financial covenants in Section 6.6 during the next succeeding financial reporting period.
“Material Indebtedness” is any Indebtedness the principal amount of which is equal to or greater than $500,000.
“Net Cash” means unrestricted cash less the Obligations.
“Notice of Borrowing” means a notice given by Borrower to Bank in accordance with Section 3.2(a), substantially in the form of Exhibit B, with appropriate insertions.
“Notice of Conversion/Continuation” means a notice given by Borrower to Bank in accordance with Section 3.5, substantially in the form of Exhibit C, with appropriate insertions.
“Obligations” are Borrower’s obligation to pay when due any debts, principal, interest, Bank Expenses and other amounts Borrower owes Bank now or later, whether under this Agreement, the Loan Documents, or otherwise, including, without limitation, all obligations relating to letters of credit, cash management services, and foreign exchange contracts, if any, and including interest accruing after Insolvency Proceedings begin and debts, liabilities, or obligations of Borrower assigned to Bank, and the performance of Borrower’s duties under the Loan Documents.
“Operating Documents” are, for any Person, such Person’s formation documents, as certified with the Secretary of State of such Person’s state of formation on a date that is no earlier than 30 days prior to the Effective Date, and, (a) if such Person is a corporation, its bylaws in current form, (b) if such Person is a limited liability company, its limited liability company agreement (or similar agreement), and (c) if such Person is a partnership, its partnership agreement (or similar agreement), each of the foregoing with all current amendments or modifications thereto.
21
“Perfection Certificate” is defined in Section 5.1.
“Permitted Distributions” means:
(a) purchases of capital stock from former employees, consultants and directors pursuant to repurchase agreements or other similar agreements in an aggregate amount not to exceed $100,000 in any fiscal year provided that at the time of such purchase no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing;
(b) distributions or dividends consisting solely of Borrower’s capital stock;
(c) purchases for value of any rights distributed in connection with any stockholder rights plan;
(d) purchases of capital stock or options to acquire such capital stock with the proceeds received from a substantially concurrent issuance of capital stock or convertible securities;
(e) purchases of capital stock pledged as collateral for loans to employees;
(f) purchases of capital stock in connection with the exercise of stock options or stock appreciation rights by way of cashless exercise or in connection with the satisfaction of withholding tax obligations;
(g) purchases of fractional shares of capital stock arising out of stock dividends, splits or combinations or business combinations;
(h) the settlement or performance of such Person’s obligations under any equity derivative transaction, option contract or similar transaction or combination of transactions; and
(i) other distributions, dividends or purchases of Borrower’s capital stock in cash, provided that the aggregate amount of such distributions, dividends, or purchases made pursuant to this clause (i) during the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the date of determination, when combined with purchases of Subordinated Debt during such period, shall not exceed $100,000, and no Default or Event of Default exists or could result from such other distribution, dividend, or purchase.
“Permitted Indebtedness” is:
(a) Borrower’s Indebtedness to Bank under this Agreement or any other Loan Document;
(b) (i) any Indebtedness existing on the Effective Date that does not exceed $750,000 in principal amount on the Effective Date, and (ii) any Indebtedness in excess of $750,000 in principal amount existing on the Effective Date and shown on the Perfection Certificate;
(c) Subordinated Debt;
(d) unsecured Indebtedness to trade creditors and with respect to surety bonds and similar obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business;
(e) guaranties of Permitted Indebtedness;
(f) Indebtedness incurred as a result of endorsing negotiable instruments received in the ordinary course of business;
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(g) Indebtedness consisting of interest rate, currency, or commodity swap agreements, interest rate cap or collar agreements or arrangements designated to protect a Person against fluctuations in interest rates, currency exchange rates, or commodity prices;
(h) Indebtedness between Borrower and any of its Subsidiaries or among any of Borrower’s Subsidiaries;
(i) Indebtedness with respect to documentary letters of credit;
(j) capitalized leases and purchase money Indebtedness not to exceed $2,000,000 in the aggregate in any fiscal year secured by Permitted Liens;
(k) Indebtedness of entities acquired in any permitted merger or acquisition transaction;
(l) refinanced Permitted Indebtedness, provided that the amount of such Indebtedness is not increased except by an amount equal to a reasonable premium or other reasonable amount paid in connection with such refinancing and by an amount equal to any existing, but unutilized, commitment thereunder;
(m) other Indebtedness, if, on the date of incurring any Indebtedness pursuant to this clause (m), the outstanding aggregate amount of all Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this clause (m) does not exceed $500,000;
(n) Indebtedness which is Subordinated Debt and is incurred in connection with the issuance by Borrower of unsecured convertible notes in an underwritten public offering or private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, but only so long as a Default or an Event of Default does not exist either before or immediately after the issuance of such convertible notes; and
(o) Indebtedness of up to an aggregate principal amount of $65,000,000 issued by Borrower under that certain Facility Agreement, dated September 26, 2008.
“Permitted Investments” are:
(a) Investments existing on the Effective Date;
(b) (i) marketable direct obligations issued or unconditionally guaranteed by the United States or its agencies or any State maturing within 1 year from its acquisition, (ii) commercial paper maturing no more than 2 years after its creation and having the highest rating from either Standard & Poor’s Corporation or Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., and (iii) Bank’s certificates of deposit maturing no more than 2 years after issue;
(c) Investments approved by the Borrower’s Board of Directors or its Audit Committee or otherwise pursuant to a Board-approved investment policy;
(d) Investments in or to Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries;
(e) Investments consisting of Collateral Accounts in the name of Borrower or any Subsidiary so long as Bank has a first priority, perfected security interest in such Collateral Accounts;
(f) Investments consisting of extensions of credit to Borrower’s or its Subsidiaries’ customers in the nature of accounts receivable, prepaid royalties or notes receivable arising from the sale or lease of goods, provision of services or licensing activities of Borrower;
(g) Investments received in satisfaction or partial satisfaction of obligations owed by financially troubled obligors;
(h) Investments acquired in exchange for any other Investments in connection with or as a result of a bankruptcy, workout, reorganization or recapitalization;
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(i) Investments acquired as a result of a foreclosure with respect to any secured Investment;
(j) Investments consisting of interest rate, currency, or commodity swap agreements, interest rate cap or collar agreements or arrangements designated to protect a Person against fluctuations in interest rates, currency exchange rates, or commodity prices;
(k) Investments consisting of loans and advances to employees in an aggregate amount not to exceed $100,000; and
(l) other Investments, if, on the date of incurring any Investments pursuant to this clause (l), the outstanding aggregate amount of all Investments incurred pursuant to this clause (l) does not exceed $500,000.
“Permitted Liens” are:
(a) (i) Liens securing Permitted Indebtedness described under clause (b) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness” or (ii) Liens arising under this Agreement or other Loan Documents;
(b) Liens for taxes, fees, assessments or other government charges or levies, either not delinquent or being contested in good faith and for which Borrower maintains adequate reserves on its Books, if they have no priority over any of Bank’s Liens;
(c) Liens (including with respect to capital leases) (i) on property (including accessions, additions, parts, replacements, fixtures, improvements and attachments thereto, and the proceeds thereof) acquired or held by Borrower or its Subsidiaries incurred for financing such property (including accessions, additions, parts, replacements, fixtures, improvements and attachments thereto, and the proceeds thereof), or (ii) existing on property (and accessions, additions, parts, replacements, fixtures, improvements and attachments thereto, and the proceeds thereof) when acquired, if the Lien is confined to such property (including accessions, additions, parts, replacements, fixtures, improvements and attachments thereto, and the proceeds thereof);
(d) Liens incurred in the extension, renewal or refinancing of the indebtedness secured by Liens described in (a) through (c), but any extension, renewal or replacement Lien must be limited to the property encumbered by the existing Lien and the principal amount of the indebtedness it secures may not increase;
(e) leases or subleases of real property granted in the ordinary course of business, and leases, subleases, non-exclusive licenses or sublicenses of property (other than real property or intellectual property) granted in the ordinary course of Borrower’s business, if the leases, subleases, licenses and sublicenses do not prohibit granting Bank a security interest;
(f) any Transfer permitted under Section 7.1;
(g) leases or subleases granted in the ordinary course of Borrower’s business, including in connection with Borrower’s leased premises or leased property;
(h) Liens arising from judgments, decrees or attachments in circumstances not constituting an Event of Default under Sections 8.4 or 8.7;
(i) Liens in favor of other financial institutions arising in connection with Borrower’s deposit or securities accounts held at such institutions;
(j) carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, materialmen’s, repairmen’s or other like Liens arising in the ordinary course of business which are not overdue for a period of more than 60 days or which are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceeding if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the applicable Person;
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(k) pledges or deposits in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance and compliance with other social security requirements applicable to Borrower;
(l) deposits to secure the performance of bids, trade contracts (other than for borrowed money), contracts for the purchase of property, leases, statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, performance bonds and other obligations of a like nature, in each case, incurred in the ordinary course of business and not representing an obligation for borrowed money; and
(m) Liens (including, for the sake of clarity, Liens on any of Borrower’s intellectual property and any rights therein) securing Permitted Indebtedness described under clause (o) of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness” so long as the same are subject to an Intercreditor Agreement acceptable in form and substance to Bank.
“Person” is any individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, company, trust, unincorporated organization, association, corporation, institution, public benefit corporation, firm, joint stock company, estate, entity or government agency.
“Prime Rate” is Bank’s most recently announced “prime rate,” even if it is not Bank’s lowest rate.
“Prime Rate Advance” means an Advance that bears interest based at the Prime Rate.
“Prime Rate Margin” is one-half (0.50) of a percentage point (50 basis points).
“Quick Assets” is, on any date, Borrower’s consolidated, unrestricted cash, Cash Equivalents, net billed accounts receivable and investments with maturities of fewer than 12 months determined according to GAAP.
“Regulatory Change” means, with respect to Bank, any change on or after the date of this Agreement in United States federal, state, or foreign laws or regulations, including Regulation D, or the adoption or making on or after such date of any interpretations, directives, or requests applying to a class of lenders including Bank, of or under any United States federal or state, or any foreign laws or regulations (whether or not having the force of law) by any court or governmental or monetary authority charged with the interpretation or administration thereof.
“Responsible Officer” is any of the Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and Controller of Borrower.
“Revolving Line” is an Advance or Advances and other Credit Extensions in an aggregate amount outstanding at any time (including amounts outstanding or reserved under the Letter of Credit Sublimit, the FX Reserve and the Cash Management Services Sublimit) of up to the lesser of (a) $25,000,000 and (b) the Borrowing Base.
“Revolving Line Maturity Date” is the earliest of (a) March 31, 2012; or (b) the date Bank exercises its remedies under Section 9.1(a).
“Securities Account” is any “securities account” as defined in the Code with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made.
“Subordinated Debt” is (a) Indebtedness incurred by Borrower subordinated to Borrower’s Indebtedness owed to Bank and which is reflected in a written agreement in a manner and form reasonably acceptable to Bank and approved by Bank in writing or contains subordination and payment terms substantially identical to those set forth on Exhibit E hereto, and (b) to the extent the terms of subordination do not change adversely to Bank, refinancings, refundings, renewals, amendments or extensions of any of the foregoing.
“Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any Person of which more than 50% of the voting stock or other equity interests is owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by such Person or one or more Affiliates of such Person.
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“Tangible Net Worth” means on any date, the consolidated total assets of Borrower and its Subsidiaries minus (a) any amounts attributable to (i) goodwill, (ii) intangible items including unamortized debt discount and expense, patents, trade and service marks and names, copyrights and research and development expenses except prepaid expenses, (iii) notes, accounts receivable and other obligations owing to Borrower from its officers or other Affiliates, and (iv) reserves not already deducted from assets, minus (b) Total Liabilities, plus (c) Subordinated Debt, plus (d) net effect (plus or minus) of mark-to-market of Warrants issued by Borrower in connection with, and as defined under, the $65,000,000 Facility Agreement, dated September 26, 2008, to Deerfield Private Design Fund, L.P., and the other lenders thereunder.
“Total Liabilities” is on any day, obligations that should, under GAAP, be classified as liabilities on Borrower’s consolidated balance sheet, including all Indebtedness, and current portion of Subordinated Debt permitted by Bank to be paid by Borrower, but excluding all other Subordinated Debt.
“Transfer” is defined in Section 7.1.
[Signature page follows.]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the Effective Date.
| BORROWER:
ISTA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
| ||
| By: | /s/ Lauren Silvernail | |
| Name: | Lauren Silvernail | |
| Title: | CFO & VP Corporate Development | |
| BANK:
SILICON VALLEY BANK
| ||
| By: | /s/ Brett Maver | |
| Name: | Brett Maver | |
| Title: | V.P. & Relationship Manager | |
Effective Date: February 23, 2011
Loan and Security Agreement
EXHIBIT A
The Collateral consists of all of Borrower’s right, title and interest in and to the following personal property:
All goods, Accounts (including health-care receivables), general intangibles, Equipment, Inventory, contract rights or rights to payment of money, leases, license agreements, franchise agreements, General Intangibles (except as provided below), commercial tort claims, documents, instruments (including any promissory notes), chattel paper (whether tangible or electronic), cash, deposit accounts, fixtures, letters of credit rights (whether or not the letter of credit is evidenced by a writing), securities, and all other investment property, supporting obligations, and financial assets, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, wherever located; and
All now owned or hereafter acquired intellectual property and any rights therein, including but not limited to: any copyright rights, copyright applications, copyright registrations and like protections in each work of authorship and derivative work, whether published or unpublished, any patents, patent applications and like protections, including improvements, divisions, continuations, renewals, reissues, extensions, and continuations-in-part of the same, trademarks, service marks and, to the extent permitted under applicable law, any applications therefor, whether registered or not, and the goodwill of the business of Borrower connected with and symbolized thereby, know-how, operating manuals, trade secret rights, rights to unpatented inventions, technology or data, and any claims for damage by way of any past, present, or future infringement of any of the foregoing; and
All Borrower’s Books relating to the foregoing, and any and all claims, rights and interests in any of the above and all substitutions for, additions, attachments, accessories, accessions and improvements to and replacements, products, proceeds and insurance proceeds of any or all of the foregoing.
Exhibit A
EXHIBIT B
FORM OF NOTICE OF BORROWING
ISTA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Date:
| TO: | SILICON VALLEY BANK |
2003 Tasman Drive
Santa Clara, CA 95054
Attention: Corporate Services Department
| RE: | Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement dated as of February 23, 2011 (as amended, modified, supplemented or restated from time to time, the “Loan Agreement”), by and between ISTA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Borrower”), and Silicon Valley Bank (the “Bank”) |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The undersigned refers to the Loan Agreement, the terms defined therein and used herein as so defined, and hereby gives you notice irrevocably, pursuant to Section 3.4(a) of the Loan Agreement, of the borrowing of an Advance.
1. The Funding Date, which shall be a Business Day, of the requested borrowing is .
2. The aggregate amount of the requested borrowing is $ .
The undersigned hereby certifies that the following statements are true on the date hereof, and will be true on the date of the proposed Advance before and after giving effect thereto, and to the application of the proceeds therefrom, as applicable:
(a) all representations and warranties of Borrower contained in the Loan Agreement are true, accurate and complete in all material respects as of the date hereof; provided, however, that such materiality qualifier shall not be applicable to any representations and warranties that already are qualified or modified by materiality in the text thereof; and provided, further that those representations and warranties expressly referring to a specific date shall be true, accurate and complete in all material respects as of such date;
(b) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, or would result from such proposed Advance; and
(c) the requested Advance or other Credit Extension will not cause the aggregate amount of the outstanding Credit Extensions (including all Advances and amounts outstanding or reserved under the Letter of Credit Sublimit, the FX Reserve and the Cash Management Services Sublimit) to exceed, as of the designated Funding Date, the lesser of (a) the Revolving Line, and (b) the Borrowing Base minus all amounts outstanding or reserved under the Letter of Credit Sublimit, the FX Reserve and the Cash Management Services Sublimit.
| BORROWER
ISTA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
| ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: | ||
Exhibit B
EXHIBIT C
RESERVED
Exhibit C
EXHIBIT D
COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE
| TO: SILICON VALLEY BANK | Date: |
FROM: ISTA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
The undersigned authorized officer of ISTA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Borrower”) certifies that under the terms and conditions of the Loan and Security Agreement between Borrower and Bank (the “Agreement”), (1) Borrower is in complete compliance for the period ending with all required covenants except as noted below, (2) there are no Events of Default, (3) all representations and warranties in the Agreement are true and correct in all material respects on this date except as noted below; provided, however, that such materiality qualifier shall not be applicable to any representations and warranties that already are qualified or modified by materiality in the text thereof; and provided, further that those representations and warranties expressly referring to a specific date shall be true, accurate and complete in all material respects as of such date, (4) Borrower, and each of its Subsidiaries, has timely filed all required tax returns and reports, and Borrower has timely paid all foreign, federal, state and local taxes, assessments, deposits and contributions owed by Borrower except as otherwise permitted pursuant to the terms of Section 5.9 of the Agreement, and (5) no Liens have been levied or claims made against Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries relating to unpaid employee payroll or benefits of which Borrower has not previously provided written notification to Bank. Attached are the required documents supporting the certification. The undersigned certifies that these are prepared in accordance with generally GAAP consistently applied from one period to the next except as explained in an accompanying letter or footnotes. The undersigned acknowledges that no borrowings may be requested at any time or date of determination that Borrower is not in compliance with any of the terms of the Agreement, and that compliance is determined not just at the date this certificate is delivered. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings given them in the Agreement.
Please indicate compliance status by circling Yes/No under “Complies” column.
| Reporting Covenant |
Required |
Complies | ||
| Monthly financial statements with Compliance Certificate |
Monthly within 30 days | Yes No | ||
| 10-Q, 10-K and 8-K |
Within 5 days after filing with SEC | Yes No | ||
| Borrowing Base Certificate, A/R & A/P Agings |
Monthly within 20 days if borrowing | Yes No |
| Financial Covenant |
Required |
Actual |
Complies | |||
| Maintain: |
||||||
| Adjusted Quick Ratio, Monthly |
0.75:1.00 | :1.0 | Yes No | |||
| Tangible Net Worth, Quarterly |
*Applicable amount per below | $ | Yes No |
*$10,000,000 at March 31, 2011; $15,000,000 at June 30, 2011; $20,000,000 at September 30, 2011; and $25,000,000 at December 31, 2011 and thereafter
The following financial covenant analyses and information set forth in Schedule 1 attached hereto are true and accurate as of the date of this Certificate.
Exhibit D
1
The following are the exceptions with respect to the certification above: (If no exceptions exist, state “No exceptions to note.”)
| ISTA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. | BANK USE ONLY | |||||||
| Received by: | ||||||||
| AUTHORIZED SIGNER | ||||||||
| By: | Date: | |||||||
| Name: | Verified: | |||||||
| Title: | AUTHORIZED SIGNER | |||||||
| Date: | ||||||||
| Compliance Status: Yes No | ||||||||
Exhibit D
2
Schedule 1 to Compliance Certificate
Financial Covenants of Borrower
Dated:
| I. | Adjusted Quick Ratio (Section 6.6(a)) |
Required: 0.75:1.00
Actual:
| A. |
Aggregate value of the unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of Borrower and its Subsidiaries | $ | ||||
| B. |
Aggregate value of the net billed accounts receivable of Borrower and its Subsidiaries | $ | ||||
| C. |
Aggregate value of the Investments with maturities of fewer than 12 months of Borrower and it Subsidiaries | $ | ||||
| D. |
Quick Assets (the sum of lines A through C) | $ | ||||
| E. |
Aggregate value of Obligations to Bank | $ | ||||
| F. |
Aggregate value of liabilities of Borrower and its Subsidiaries (including all Indebtedness) that matures within one (1) year | $ | ||||
| G. |
Current Portion of Subordinated Debt | $ | ||||
| H. |
Current Liabilities (the sum of lines E and F less G) | $ | ||||
| I. |
Value of Line D (Quick Assets) | $ | ||||
| J. |
Value of Line H (Current Liabilities) | $ | ||||
| K. |
Aggregate value of all amounts received or invoiced by Borrower in advance of performance under contracts and not yet recognized as revenue | $ | ||||
| L. |
Line J minus line K | $ | ||||
| M. |
Adjusted Quick Ratio (line I divided by line L) | |||||
Is line M equal to or greater than 0.75:1.00?
No, not in compliance Yes, in compliance
| II. | Tangible Net Worth (Section 6.6(b)) |
Required: See below
Actual:
| A. | Aggregate value of liabilities of Borrower and its Subsidiaries (including all Indebtedness and Warrant liability associated with the Deerfield Facility Agreement) and current portion of Subordinated Debt permitted by Bank to be paid by Borrower (but no other Subordinated Debt) | $ | ||||
| B. | Aggregate value of Indebtedness of Borrower subordinated to Borrower’s Indebtedness to Bank and net (+or -) Warrant mark-to-market of Warrant associated with the Deerfield Facility Agreement | $ | ||||
| C. | Debt (line A minus line B) | $ | ||||
| D. | Aggregate value of total assets of Borrower and its Subsidiaries | $ | ||||
| E. | Aggregate value of goodwill of Borrower and its Subsidiaries | $ | ||||
| F. | Aggregate value of intangible assets of Borrower and its Subsidiaries | $ | ||||
| G. | Aggregate value of any reserves not already deducted from assets | $ | ||||
| H. | Value of line C | $ | ||||
| I. | Tangible Net Worth (line D minus line E minus line F minus line G minus line H) | $ | ||||
Is line I greater than or equal to applicable amount: (i) $10,000,000 at March 31, 2011; (ii) $15,000,000 at June 30, 2011; (iii) $20,000,000 at September 30, 2011; and (iv) $25,000,000 at December 31, 2011 and thereafter?
No, not in compliance Yes, in compliance
Exhibit D
3
EXHIBIT E
PRE-APPROVED
SUBORDINATION AND PAYMENT TERMS
Exhibit E
Exhibit D
4
EXHIBIT F
BORROWING BASE CERTIFICATE
Borrower: ISTA Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Lender: Silicon Valley Bank
Commitment Amount: $25,000,000
| ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE |
||||
| 1. Total Accounts Receivable as of |
$ | |||
| 2. Less Ineligible Accounts Receivable |
$ | |||
| 3. TOTAL Eligible Accounts Receivable (#1 minus #2) |
$ | |||
| 4. Eighty percent (80%) of Eligible Accounts Receivable |
$ | |||
| 5. Net Cash as of |
$ | |||
| 6. Twenty-five percent (25%) of Net Cash |
$ | |||
| 7. Maximum Loan Amount (lesser of (a) $25,000,000 and (b) #4 plus the lesser of (X) $10,000,000 million and (Y) #6) |
$ | |||
| 8. Present balance owing on Line of Credit |
$ | |||
| 9. Amounts outstanding or reserved under Letter of Credit Sublimit, FX Reserve and Cash Management Services Sublimit |
$ | |||
| 10. #8 plus #9 |
$ | |||
| 11. LOAN AVAILABILITY (#7 minus #10) |
$ | |||
The undersigned represents and warrants that this is true, complete and correct, and that the information in this Borrowing Base Certificate complies with the representations and warranties in the Loan and Security Agreement between the undersigned and Silicon Valley Bank.
| COMMENTS: | BANK USE ONLY | |||||||
| By: | Received by: | |||||||
| Authorized Signer | AUTHORIZED SIGNER | |||||||
| Date: | Date: | |||||||
| Verified: | ||||||||
| AUTHORIZED SIGNER | ||||||||
| Date: | ||||||||
| Compliance Status: Yes No | ||||||||
Exhibit E