Attached files
file | filename |
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EX-14.01 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex14-01.htm |
EX-10.11 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex10-11.htm |
EX-31.01 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex31-01.htm |
EX-32.02 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex32-02.htm |
EX-32.01 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex32-01.htm |
EX-10.23 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex10-23.htm |
EX-10.17 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex10-17.htm |
EX-99.01 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex99-01.htm |
EX-10.16 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex10-16.htm |
EX-10.24 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex10-24.htm |
EX-10.26 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex10-26.htm |
EX-10.04 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex10-04.htm |
EX-10.18 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex10-18.htm |
EX-10.25 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex10-25.htm |
EX-10.06 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex10-06.htm |
EX-31.02 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex31-02.htm |
EX-10.19 - HNO International, Inc. | v211066_ex10-19.htm |
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-K
ANNUAL
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For
the fiscal year ended October 31, 2010
Commission
file number: 333-130286
Clenergen
Corporation
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Nevada
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20-2781289
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(State
or other jurisdiction of
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(I.R.S.
Employer
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incorporation
or organization)
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Identification
No.)
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Bath
House
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8
Chapel Place
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Rivington
Road
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London,
United Kingdom
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EC2A
3DQ
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(Address
of principal executive offices)
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(Zip
Code)
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Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code: +44 (0) 20773900289
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities
registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in
Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes ¨ No x
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes ¨ No x
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for
the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on
its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be
submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this
chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ¨ No ¨
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best
of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. ¨
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting
company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,”
“accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large
accelerated filer ¨
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Accelerated
filer ¨
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Non-accelerated
filer ¨ (Do
not check if a smaller reporting company)
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Smaller
reporting company x
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Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
The
aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by
non-affiliates, computed by reference to the quoted last sale price of the
registrant’s common stock, the only class of common equity of the outstanding on
the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal
quarter, was $58,355,475 as of April 30, 2010.
As of
February 10, 2011, the registrant had 142,428,834 shares of its common stock
outstanding.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
None
Introductory
Comment - Use of Terminology
Throughout
this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the terms “we,” “us” and “our” refers
to Clenergen Corporation and, unless the context indicates otherwise, our
subsidiaries in which we hold at least 80% of such entities’ outstanding equity
securities, including Clenergen Corporation Limited (UK) (“Clenergen Limited”),
Clenergen India Private Limited (“Clenergen India”), and Clenergen Corporation
Administrative Services Limited (“Clenergen Administrative”), on a consolidated
basis. We also currently hold a 77% equity interest in Clenergen
Ghana Limited (“Clenergen Ghana”) and a 40% equity interest in Clenergen
Philippines Corporation (“Clenergen Philippines”).
Unless
otherwise indicated, all monetary amounts are reflected in United States Dollars
and, when referenced to a specific date, converted at the currency exchange rate
as of the close of business on such date, as reported by the Wall Street
Journal.
Note
Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This
Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the
meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange
Act”). To the extent that any statements made in this Form 10-K
contain information that is not historical, these statements are essentially
forward-looking. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the
use of words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “expect,” “estimate,”
“intend,” “may,” “plan,” “propose,” “should,” “will,” and variations of such
words. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and
uncertainties that cannot be predicted or quantified and, consequently, actual
results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such
forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include,
without limitation:
•
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our
ability to raise capital to finance our growth, operations and general
working capital needs, when needed and on terms advantageous to
us;
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•
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the
ability to manage growth, profitability and the marketability of our
products and services;
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•
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general
economic and business conditions;
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•
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the
effect on our business of recent credit-tightening throughout the
world;
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•
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the
impact of developments and competition within the fossil fuels and
alternative energy industries;
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•
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adverse
results of any legal proceedings;
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•
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the
impact of current, pending or future legislation and regulation on the
fossil fuels and alternative energy industries, including, but not limited
to, changes in zoning and environmental laws and
regulations;
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•
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our
ability to maintain and enter into relationships with suppliers, vendors
or contractors of acceptable quality of goods and services on terms
advantageous to us;
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•
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changes
in foreign currency exchange rates;
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•
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political
and government changes in the countries (including local and regional
governments) in which we operate;
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•
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the
volatility of our operating results and financial
condition;
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2
•
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our
ability to attract and retain qualified senior management personnel;
and
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•
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the
other risks and uncertainties detailed in this Form 10-K and, from time to
time, in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
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Readers
of this Annual Report on Form 10-K should carefully consider such risks,
uncertainties and other information, disclosures and discussions which contain
cautionary statements identifying important factors that could cause our actual
results to differ materially from those provided in forward-looking
statements. Readers should not place undue reliance on
forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-K. We do not
undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking
statements we may make in this Form 10-K or elsewhere, whether as a result of
new information, future events or otherwise.
3
PART
I
Item
1.
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Business.
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Summary
We are in
the process of migrating from a development stage company to a company offering
strategic clean energy power generation and supplies of biomass feedstock
to address the requirement for renewable and sustainable supplies of
electricity. We have assembled an experienced managerial, engineering and
technical team capable of increasing the efficiency levels of existing
combustion steam biomass power plants, along with the implementation of second
generation gasification and anaerobic digestion technologies.
We have
identified two species of tree and bamboo suited for dedicated energy crop
plantations for highly efficient biomass production. Additionally, we
have applied a Tree Adaption Process (“TAP”) technology, which is designed to
rapidly increase the rate of growth by up to 40% per annum, resulting in, we
believe, an economically viable source of biomass for generating a renewable
source of energy. As a result of direct cultivation and supply of biomass
feedstock, we anticipate the cost of production of electricity will be reduced
by as much as 30%, thereby increasing operational efficiencies and creating a
cost competitive supply advantage over other sources of renewable
energy.
The
biomass (wood chips) can be burned to produce heat for combustion steam power
plants, disintegrated to produce synthetic gas for gasification power plants,
converted into wood pellets and supplied to coal power plants for co-firing with
coal, or processed to produce Pyrolysis oil for heating and heavy mechanical
equipment fuel.
The
backward integration and supply of biomass for feedstock for renewable
technologies will allow us to create sustainable supplies of clean energy to
private captive end users and national power grid systems, primarily within the
emerging markets of South America, Africa, India and Southeast
Asia.
History
Clenergen
Corporation was incorporated in the State of Nevada on May 2, 2005 under the
name “American Bonanza Resources Limited.” On August 4, 2009, we
acquired Clenergen Corporation Limited (UK) and succeeded to the business of
Clenergen Limited. Clenergen Limited acquired the assets of
Rootchange Limited, a biofuel and biomass research and development company, in
April 2009. As a result of these transactions, and commencement of
operating two biomass power plants in India, we are an early stage revenue
generating company.
After
significant research and development, we have developed a program
to:
•
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produce
high-density, short-rotation biomass crops on a commercial scale at a cost
of production which, we believe, is competitive to other sources of
renewable and conventional energy, using a proprietary
integrated farming model; and
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4
•
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produce
power, steam, hydrogen, transport fuel, fertilizers, pesticides, chemicals
and other important products through advanced gasification, combustion
steam, anaerobic digestion, Rapid Thermal Processing Technology (“RTP”)
and Pelletisation technology.
|
Our
management recognized very early on that, in order provide energy security to
captive end users and national grid operators at a consistent competitive price,
it was necessary to have control over the cost of producing biomass. By
cultivating its own proprietary biomass feedstock, the Company is able to
control the cost per ton of biomass and guarantee a consistent supply of biomass
for power generation. We believe that the Company is positioned to engage in
power sales contracts at higher than average sale prices based on a guaranteed
supply of electricity, while, at the same time, increasing our level of
profitability through cost efficiencies in our supply chain and adding
additional productivity to our biomass power plants by hiring experienced
engineers and operators to implement strict management control
systems.
Our
objective is to deliver a standard, uniform virgin biomass on a commercial scale
at regular intervals over a long period of time with a calorific value in excess
of 17 mega-joules per kilogram (“Mj/Kg”), which allows us to produce a
standardized supply of fuel to fine tune and increase the plant load factor
(“PLF”) of our biomass power plants. The PLF is an industry standard
benchmark for calculating the generation efficiency level of a power plant. The
higher the PLF, the higher the level of power generation from the same fuel
source and generator capacity. We believe that if we are successful
in reaching this objective, we will be less exposed to the vagaries of market
prices and supplies of feedstocks than competing traditional and biomass power
plants.
Energy
from Biomass
Bioenergy
is renewable energy delivered from any organic material from plants or
animals. Sources of bioenergy are called “biomass” and include
agricultural and forestry residues, municipal solid wastes, industrial wastes
and terrestrial and aquatic crops grown solely for energy
purposes. Biomass is an attractive petroleum alternative because it
is a renewable resource that is more evenly distributed over the Earth’s surface
than finite energy sources, and may be exploited using more environmentally
friendly technologies.
Current
and Planned Projects
Our
projects are grouped by geographic location. Our current projects are
located in India, Ghana, Guyana, and Philippines, with planned projects in Sri
Lanka and Mozambique. We have entered into third party licensing agreements in
USA and Central America. For the foreseeable future, we anticipate
continuing to rely on sales of our stock and borrowings in order to continue to
fund our current and planned projects. Issuances of additional shares
will result in dilution to our existing stockholders. There is no
assurance that we will achieve any additional sales of our equity securities or
arrange for debt or other financing to fund these projects on terms advantageous
to us, or on any terms.
5
India
We have
executed a long-term, fifteen year power purchase agreement with Power Trading
Corporation of India Limited (“PTC”) for the sale and supply to PTC of 71
megawatts per hour (“MW/h”) of energy. The contract provides
flexibility as to when the supply of power needs to commence and provides a
guaranteed base price, which price is subject to increase based on the then
current applicable price of electricity.
In August
2010, we commenced the management of the operations of a 1.5 MW/h anaerobic
digestion biomass power plant located in Namakkal, Tamilnadu. We have
agreed to purchase the plant and are managing the plant on a turn-key basis,
with the Company bearing all operating costs and retaining all revenues from
operations while we await final government and bank approval of the
acquisition. The site includes ten acres of land and a power
evacuation substation facility onsite. The substation will allow us
access to the national power grid with limited transmission loss. The
source of biomass feedstock for the power plant is chicken litter waste which,
once decomposed, releases methane gas which is then used as the source of energy
for producing electricity. There exists over eighteen major chicken
farms with over 40 million chickens being bred within a 35 kilometer radius of
the power plant, which sources should create enough biomass feedstock for the
generation up to 15 megawatts per hour (“MW/h”) of electricity. Currently, the
power plant is only operating its 1.0 MW/h gas engine. We plan to
activate its second, 0.5 MW/h gas engine in March 2011. Further, we intend to
increase the power generation capacity of the plant by adding an additional 1.0
MW/h Jenbacher gas turbine engine in the third quarter 2011. We have included
the mixing of sago waste with the chicken litter in the anaerobic digestion
process that creates the methane gas, as sago waste has a higher methane content
than chicken litter.
The
anaerobic digestion biomass power plant also produces a high value bi-product in
the form of chicken litter compost. We intend to further process the
chicken litter compost so that it can be applied as fertilizer for our energy
crop plantations.
Since
October 2010, we have operated an 18 MW/h biomass power plant located in
Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu. The plant is currently owned by Nandha
Energy Limited. Repairs were conducted and the plant was successfully
re-launched in November 2010. The 18 MW/h plant uses combustion steam technology
to generate power. The process is a low carbon emission as 90% of the
carbon dioxide that would have been emitted is captured by the feedstock being
combusted.
The 18
MW/h biomass plant commenced transmission synchronization with the national grid
in late October 2010. The power plant is currently operating efficiently and it
is our target to reach over an 80% PLF, which will result in power generation at
the average rate of 14.4 MW/h.
We have
agreed to purchase the plant and are managing the plant on a turn-key basis,
with the Company bearing all operating costs and retaining all revenues from
operations while we await final government and bank approval of the
acquisition.
6
We
entered into a non-binding memorandum of understanding (a “MoU”) with Yuken
India Limited (“Yuken”) in November 2010, regarding the installation of a 4 MW/h
gasification biomass power plant at Yuken’s manufacturing facility in Bangalore,
India. The gasification plant will provide Yuken a secure and sustainable supply
of renewable electricity on site. We are currently negotiating a
minimum fifteen year power purchase agreement (a “PPA”) to supply Yuken with up
to 1.5 MW/h of plant generated power, with the balance being sold to the State
of Karnataka. We anticipate that the 4 MW/h biomass power plant will
be installed and operational within twelve months of entering into the
definitive PPA with Yuken. We intend to lease up to 800 acres of land near the
future plant site in order to grow a high yielding species of bamboo and Melia
dubia as a source of biomass for the gasification power plant. No
assurance can be given that we will enter into a binding agreement with Yuken or
that we will obtain the funds necessary to install and commence operating this
biomass power plant.
We intend
to expand our operations in India in 2011 and are reviewing the following
opportunities:
•
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To
install a 2MW/h gasification biomass power plant at the site in Namakkal,
Tamilnadu India, where we are currently leasing and operating an anaerobic
digestion biomass power plant. There is sufficient land available for
lease in close proximity to the plant to provide for the proposed
installation’s land requirements, as well as an existing substation
capable of transmission of plant-generated power into the national grid.
We believe that the region is very fertile and is abundant in agricultural
waste that could supply an immediate source of biomass to the proposed
gasification power plant. Under a Techno Commercial Agreement
we entered into in June 2010 with Biomass2Biomass (QA) Private Limited
(“BM2BP”), we have an option to sublease land suitable for cultivating
energy crops. We would lease the site with a view toward cultivating
biomass feedstock for the new 2 MW/h power plant installation, since the
location is within reasonable distance for economical transport of the
wood chips to the facility. Under this Techno Commercial
Agreement, BM2BP has agreed to supply us, upon our request, with certain
low cost proprietary pesticides and fertilizers for use on our energy crop
plantations worldwide. We believe that, under controlled
agronomy practices, potential yields of biomass feedstock can be increased
by an additional 20 to 30% through efficient annual fertilization
programs. The Techno Commercial Agreement supercedes the MoA we
entered into with BM2BP in October
2009.
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•
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To
enter into a fifteen-year lease to operate a 27.3 MW/h cogeneration power
plant at Palayaseevaram Village, Tamilnadu. The power plant is located
next to the Clenergen-operated 18MW/h plant in Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu. We
aim to commence operations in two phases, the first for up to 15 MW/h of
production shortly after entering into the lease, with the balance coming
on-line later in 2011. The lessor will be responsible for funding all
capital expenditure relating to the plant and, through an operating lease,
Clenergen will be responsible for running the plant and supplying the
lessor with a proportion of the power output. Once certain refurbishment
work is completed, it is expected that the plant will operate at an 80%
PLF. In addition to operating the plant, we intend to contract with the
lessor for the supply of bagasse, a waste product from the processing of
sugar cane, from the lessor’s sugar mill during the six month sugar cane
season. We will use the bagasse as feedstock for the power
plant. We believe that the quantity of bagasse biomass produced
will be sufficient to supply up to 50% of the biomass required to operate
the power plant throughout the
year.
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7
•
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To
purchase a 6 MW/h combustion steam plant that is currently non-operational
and reassemble the plant on land located in the Tirunelveli district of
Tamilnadu, India. Tirunelveli is located approximately 8 kilometers (5
miles) from Tuticorin, one of the twelve major sea ports of India located
on the southeastern coast. The site of the proposed plant is
situated approximately 30 kilometers (18.5 miles) from the lands we intend
to develop as the plantations to supply the feedstocks for the biomass
power plant. The site is off a main highway and is easily
accessible. Due to the location and proximity to the port, we intend to
evaluate the economic viability of cultivating energy crops in Sri Lanka
and importing the wood chips to Tuticorin in order to supply biomass to
the 6 MW/h power plant.
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•
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To
purchase and/or lease a 15 MW/h cogeneration power plant located at
Palayaseevaram Village, Tamilnadu. The power plant is located next to the
Clenergen-operated 18MW/h plant in Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu, India and uses
bagasse as a source of biomass for generating electricity. The plant is
not currently operational and will need refurbishment work to be completed
before it is capable of generating
electricity.
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Other
recent developments with respect to our projects in India include:
•
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We
entered into a binding MoA in April 2010 with Growmore Biotech Limited
(“Growmore Biotech”) to provide micro propagated planting materials, plant
science, research, development and agronomy management services for
assistance with the implementation of plantations of polyploidy Paulownia
(to be referred to as “Marjestica”) high yielding bamboo and Melia
dubia. Growmore Biotech will be responsible for the
implementation of demonstration trials at specific locations in India, The
Philippines, Ghana and Guyana. All intellectual property (“IP”) and plant
breeding rights that originate from the plant science programs will be
exclusively owned by our company. Growmore Biotech’s laboratories have the
capacity to produce over 200,000 tissue culture saplings per week, of
which each sapling will be identical, non flowering (asexual),
non-invasive and disease free from origin. All saplings
supplied under the terms of the Growmore Biotech MoA are required to meet
all standard quarantine and certification requirements of the importing
country. The April 2010 MoA with Growmore Biotech supercedes a
MoA we entered into with Growmore Biotech in August 2009. We
are under no obligation to purchase propagated planting materials or any
services from Growmore Biotech pursuant to the April 2010 Growmore Biotceh
MoA.
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8
•
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We
cancelled a sub-lease of land owned by See Emberumanar Jeer Mutt under the
terms of a MoA we entered into August 2009. We had conducted a
feasibility study on the land and determined that it would not be suitable
for cultivation. We had paid a deposit on the sub- lease which was to be
applied against the purchase price should we have determined to cultivate
the land. We are to be repaid such deposit once the owner is
successful in selling the land to a third party. In association
with the cancellation of the sub-lease, we also cancelled our April 2009
agreement with a third party that contemplating the third party clearing
the land in preparation of our then-current cultivation
plans.
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•
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We
are in the process of negotiating the sub-lease of 40 acres of land
located in the Western Ghats region of Tamilnadu, India, for the purpose
of conducting demonstration trials of high yielding bamboo, Melia dubia,
Paulownia and Marjestica. The purpose of these trials is to establish the
optimum density for planting saplings in order to maximize the annual
yield of these biomass feedstocks. We also will cultivate
eucalyptus and Casuarinas at the site in view of demonstrating the
different growth rates of each of the tree species. The demonstration site
is located within a 2.5 hours drive from either Madurai or Trivandrum
airports and easily accessible by road. The saplings are being planted at
high density and adopting various spacing plans, designed for mechanical
harvesting. We believe that the location has an excess of water available
due to the runoff from the nearby Western Ghats
Mountains.
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The
current and planned projects set forth in this sub-section will require the
expenditure of a significant amount of funds on the next few years, which we
currently estimate at over $55.81 million in total. We do not have
such funds currently available to us. Accordingly, our ability to
initiate and complete such projects and thereafter operate the power plants
and/or feedstock plantations will be dependent on our ability to raise
additional funding. Such funding may be in the form of equity or debt
financings, or a combination of both types of financing. No assurance
can be given that we will be able to obtain financing when needed and on terms
advantageous to us, or at all. Among other possible negative effects
of financing, a debt financing could subject us to affirmative and negative
covenants that my create prohibitions on our operations or ability to pay
dividends on our stock and an equity financing could result in significant
dilution in equity ownership of our then current stockholders.
Philippines
During
2010, we successfully completed the feasibility study on behalf of National
Power Corporation (“NPC”) as required under a MoA we entered into in December
2009 regarding the installation of biomass power plants on designated islands in
the Philippines. NPC, a Philippine-government owned corporation, has
established a small power utility group (“SPUG”), designated to replace diesel
generated power plants and increase the generation of electricity on island
communities where demand has significantly increased, primarily as a result of
the improved economic growth taking place within the country. The average cost
of generating electricity from diesel generators is $0.26 cents per kilowatt
hour (“KW/h”), of which NPC is required to subsidize up to 50% of the cost of
supplying diesel generated electricity to customers in these
regions.
9
The
feasibility study was conducted on the island of Romblon, in collaboration with
Romblon State University (“RSU”). The objective of the study was to evaluate the
installation of a 2 MW/h gasification biomass power plant on the island. RSU is
a major consumer of electricity on the island and experiences almost daily black
outs. RSU is planning to expand its facilities over the next two years and
believes their expected electricity consumption will increase by as much as 30%.
The feasibility study evaluated the use of non-arable land owned by RSU in order
to cultivate our high yielding variety of bamboo as a source of biomass
feedstock for the gasification power plant.
In
December 2010, we entered into a fifteen-year PPA with RSU to supply 1.0 MW/h of
renewable electricity, commencing in December 2011. The PPA contemplates a sale
price of approximately $0.15 cents per KW/h (plus value added tax), based on the
average currency exchange rates in December 2010. The sale price will be
reviewed on an annual basis and adjusted to reflect the rate of inflation within
the country. Installation of the gasification biomass power plant is scheduled
for November 2011. The initial capacity will be 2 MW/h and we intend that the
balance of electricity will be sold to a third party under a separate PPA, which
is currently being negotiated. RSU has identified up to 800 acres of
suitable land that can be sublet for the cultivation of our high yielding bamboo
energy crop.
In order
to underwrite the PPAs for our proposed SPUG operations in the Philippines, we
entered into a MoA with NPC in December 2010, for the purpose of forming a
public private partnership and entering into a revolving consolidated 10 MW/h
PPA (subject to approval of the Philippines Energy Regulatory Commission), that
would provide sovereign risk cover for all our SPUG renewable electricity
projects within the country. Under the SPUG program, we are
conducting a second feasibility study in the region of Kalinga and Apayao
(Northern Luzon), as well as on the island of Palawan.
Other
recent developments with respect to our projects in the Philippines
include:
•
|
Entering
into a MoA with National Power Corporation (“NPC”) in June 2010 to provide
access to NPC’s pool of qualified power generation and electrical
engineers to assist in our research and development and operational staffs
and consultants throughout our regions of operation. Under the Philippine
government’s privatization plans, NPC is being forced to downgrade its
operations and consequently reduce its manpower requirements. Under the
terms of this agreement, we will benefit from being able to hire qualified
personnel as consultants, to assist with the set up, implementation and
operations of biomass power plants, particularly in Africa, while not
having to incur the cost of direct employment and other benefits they are
otherwise entitled to under their employment agreements with
NPC. We are under no obligation to hire or otherwise retain any
NPC personnel under the MoA with
NPC.
|
•
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We
entered into a non-binding MoA with Rio Tuba Nickel Mining Corporation
(“Rio Tuba”) in August 2010. Rio Tuba operates one of Southeast Asia’s
largest nickel mines. The parent company of Rio Tuba is Nickel Asia
Corporation, which owns and operates six mining sites in Southeast
Asia. Under this MoA, we have completed a feasibility study
regarding the installation of a 4MW/h gasification biomass power plant in
2012, along with the remediation of up to 800 acres of land owned by Rio
Tuba through the cultivation of energy crops which will be used to supply
the biomass feedstock for the gasification power plant and
pelletisation.
|
10
We intend
to supply 0.5 MW/h directly to Rio Tuba’s mining operation and 2 MW/h of
electricity to their joint venture partners, Unichamp Mineral, for their new
slake lime mining operation. We intend for the remaining 1.5 MW/h of
electricity to be supplied to Powersource Microgrid Operations Inc
(“Powersource”) distributed through Powersource’s transmission
network. Powersource specializes in off-grid electrification projects
utilizing hybrid configurations of power generation technologies and staff that
are experienced in transmission and substation installations. We are
currently negotiating a strategic alliance with Powersource that would provide
them with a supply of biomass feedstock for power generation and to allow us to
operate as a Philippines-government qualified third party for projects we are
implementing directly for and on behalf of NPC under the SPUG
program.
No
assurance can be given that we will enter into binding agreements with Rio Tuba
and/or Powersource, that we will obtain the necessary funds to install and
commence operating this biomass power plant and/or remediate the land for use as
a biomass feedstock plantation or that, even with such funding, we will generate
revenues and/or profits from such operations.
•
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We
entered into a non-binding MoA with Foremost Farms Inc. (“Foremost”),
located in Pasig City, Philippines, in August 2010, for the purpose of
conducting a feasibility study to assess the sustainable conversion of
Foremost’s hog waste into electricity for its own consumption and to
supply power to third parties. Foremost has a hog population of
120,000, with sufficient hog waste to support a 4 MW anaerobic digestion
power plant. We believe that this plant also would generate on average
over 100 tons a day of compost which could be converted into fertilizer
and then utilized in the energy crop plantations we plan to cultivate in
the Philippines. It is our intention to secure exclusive rights and
preferential pricing for the compost generated from the
project.
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We
entered into a Techno Commercial Agreement with RSU in December 2010, to
establish a ten acre demonstration site for our high yielding strains of
bamboo. We received approval from the Philippine Department of Agriculture
Bureau of Plant Science in October 2010 to import the bamboo from India.
The bamboo saplings were produced under our GBB contract. In
December 2010, 5,600 potted plants were shipped to the nursery facilities
at RSU. We believe that this was the first time the Philippine government
has approved the importation of a strain of bamboo from a foreign
country. We further believe that the high density demonstration
site will verify that the yield and acclimatization of the bamboo under
Philippine conditions is similar to results from tests we conducted in
India, prior to our establishing commercial plantations in the
Philippines.
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•
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We
entered into a MoA with Apayao State College (“ASC”) and Kalinga State
College (“KSC”) to conduct a feasibility study on behalf of the NPC with
regards to the installation of gasification biomass power plants under the
SPUG program. Both ASC and KSC are large consumers of electricity and are
frequently subject to black-outs due to the shortage of electricity
currently available to the
colleges.
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11
This MoA
also sets out a program for (i) identifying the volume of agricultural waste in
the Northern Luzon region for the purpose of providing biomass feedstock for
gasification installations both in the Luzon region and other regions of the
Philippines, such as Romblon Island and Palawan, and (ii) commencing a plant
science program with ASC to evaluate the use of indigenous species of bamboo
from the Philippines that offer the same potential yields compared to our high
yielding strains from India. We are under no obligation to enter into
the two programs and our decision to do so or not to do so will be determined by
the feasibility study.
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We
have conducted field studies in collaboration with the Philippine Coconut
Authority regarding intercropping high yielding species of bamboo on
existing coconut plantations in the Philippines. We have been advised that
30% of the coconut plantations in the Philippines have now reached their
maturity and the trees have reduced leaf canopy due to their age. We
estimate that we can produce up to 4,000 tons of wood chips per year from
7,500 acres of coconut plantations through the intercropping of bamboo on
the plantations. We intend to conduct trials in 2011 to verify
our estimate of wood chip production following such intercropping, prior
to entering into any wood pellet supply agreements. We have
received expressions of interest from South Korean coal power producing
companies to purchase the wood chips (processed into pellets) under a
proposed ten-year wood pellet supply agreement. In 2010, wood
pellets sold in Europe at an average price of $160 per ton, inclusive of
transportation costs.
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The
current and planned projects set forth in this sub-section will require the
expenditure of a significant amount of funds, which we currently estimate at
over $27.27 million in total. We do not have such funds currently
available to us. Accordingly, our ability to initiate and complete
such projects and thereafter operate the power plants and/or feedstock
plantations will be dependent on our ability to raise additional
funding. Such funding may be in the form of equity or debt
financings, or a combination of both types of financing. No assurance
can be given that we will be able to obtain financing when needed and on terms
advantageous to us, or at all. Among other possible negative effects
of financing, a debt financing could subject us to affirmative and negative
covenants that my create prohibitions on our operations or ability to pay
dividends on our stock and an equity financing could result in significant
dilution in equity ownership of our then current stockholders.
We have
formed a subsidiary, Clenergen Philippines Corporation, for the purposes of
conducting substantially all of our operations in the Philippines. We
currently hold a 40% equity interest in Clenergen Philippines.
Ghana
In 2010,
we completed a detailed feasibility study regarding the cultivation of high
yielding strains of bamboo and Melia dubia in Ghana as feedstock for the purpose
of increasing the domestic supply of electricity to the country’s national
electric grid, as well as supplying an uninterrupted supply of biomass for use
in generating renewable electricity to a large mining operation. Ghana is
dependent upon hydro electricity from the Volta River dam which, over the past
five years, has seen its generating capacity reduced significantly due to the
effects of climate change resulting from the irregularities in the country’s
rainfall patterns. As a result, the cost of electricity has now increased from
$0.11 cents per KW/h to $0.19 cents per KW/h.
12
We intend
to initially market to mining companies operating in the country, as we believe
they have the highest need for controlling their energy sources and to have a
reliable source of electricity.
We
entered into a MoU with Ghana Manganese Company Limited in November 2010 for the
installation of a 2MW/h gasification biomass power plant at their mining site in
Nsuta-Wassaw in the western region of Ghana. We believe that the MoU outlines
the implementation of the first biomass power plant in West Africa and has been
endorsed by the Ghana Bureau of Mines as a model project for other regional
mines to adopt in order to reduce their carbon emission, remediate land and
provide regional social and economic benefits to the local communities where the
mines are located. The MoU provides the framework for a fifteen-year
PPA at a sale price of $0.13 per KW/h. We anticipate that the power
plant will be installed and operational within twelve months from the signing of
the PPA. We intend to lease up to 400 acres of land for the cultivation of
energy crop plantations.
We
entered into a non-binding MoA in August 2010 with the government authorities in
the Bolewura and Bole District for the sublease of 12,500 acres of non-arable
land near the city of Bole in the northern region of Ghana. The MoA
contemplates that, following reforestation, the land will be used for the
development and cultivation of energy crops for the purpose of supplying biomass
feedstock for renewable energy generation. The land would be
sub-leased for a minimum period of 49 years at a lease cost of $10.00 per acre
per year. The MoA contemplates that, under the lease terms, we will
be provided access to water from the Black Volta River for irrigation of the
energy crop plantation. The location of the plantation is within 30
kilometers of an electricity sub-station located in Sawla, Ghana, a possible
user of the feedstock grown on the sub-leased property.
We plan
on installing a 56 MW/h combustion steam biomass power plant on land adjacent to
the Sawla electricity sub-station with biomass feedstock supplied from the
leased land in Bole. The power plant would be installed in modules of 6 MW/h and
10 MW/h over a five-year period. We are currently finalizing a MoU
with the Ministry of Energy and Ministry of Land and Natural Resources for the
purpose of receiving approval to generate electricity at the planned
facility. We anticipate that any generated power will be supplied
into the national grid system under a separate PPA.
No
assurance can be given that we will enter into a binding agreement with Ghana
Manganese Company, that we will obtain ministry approval and the necessary funds
to install and commence operating the biomass power plant and/or sublease the
land and that, even with such approval and funding, we will generate revenues
and/or profits from such operations.
Other
recent developments with respect to our proposed projects in the Ghana
include:
13
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We
are at an advanced stage of negotiating a non-binding MoA with a large
mining company located in the Ashanti region of Ghana. The first stage of
the contemplated project will be the installation of a 2 MW/h gasification
biomass power plant as a pilot project. The total power
requirement for the mine is 34 MW/h and it is our intention, if the pilot
project is successful, to install a 34 MW/h combustion steam biomass power
plant at the site of the mine. We anticipate that such a plant
would be constructed in modules of 6 MW/h each over a five-year
period. It is our further intention to lease up to 8,000 acres
of land owned by the mining company in order to cultivate energy crops to
supply feedstock for the biomass power
plant.
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We
are at an advanced stage of negotiating a MoA with a Korean-based
construction company with operations in Accra, Ghana. The construction
company has an agreement with the government of Ghana to build 200,000 new
houses over the next five years at various locations throughout the
country. As contemplated by the proposed MoA, we would install 2 MW/h
gasification biomass power plants which are capable of supplying renewable
energy for clusters of 5,000 homes and cultivate energy crop plantations
on 400 acres of land within close proximity to each planned
location.
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•
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We
intend to commence demonstration sites of our high yielding strain of
bamboo and Melia dubia during the first calendar quarter of 2011 at
designated sites in the Ashanti, Western and Northern regions of
Ghana.
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The
current and planned projects set forth in this sub-section will require the
expenditure of a significant amount of funds, which we currently estimate at
over $21.94 million in total. We do not have such funds currently
available to us. Accordingly, our ability to initiate and complete
such projects and thereafter operate the power plants and/or feedstock
plantations will be dependent on our ability to raise additional
funding. Such funding may be in the form of equity or debt
financings, or a combination of both types of financing. No assurance
can be given that we will be able to obtain financing when needed and on terms
advantageous to us, or at all. Among other possible negative effects
of financing, a debt financing could subject us to affirmative and negative
covenants that my create prohibitions on our operations or ability to pay
dividends on our stock and an equity financing could result in significant
dilution in equity ownership of our then current stockholders.
We have
formed a subsidiary, Clenergen Ghana Limited, for the purpose of conducting
substantially all of our operations in Ghana. We currently hold a 77%
equity interest in Clenergen Ghana.
Guyana
In 2010,
we completed a detailed feasibility study on behalf of a major European coal
power plant for the cultivation of energy crops in Guyana which would be
converted into wood pellets for export to Europe, commencing in
2014.
14
We intend
to cultivate energy crops on 7,500 acres on government leased land for the
purpose of producing wood pellets for export. Customers have already been
identified for the sale of up to 300,000 tons of wood pellets in the United
Kingdom, with delivery dates planned for 2014. Debt financing for the
purchase of wood pelletization equipment will be required under a financial
agreement with the local forestry companies and installed in close proximity to
the site of the energy crop plantation. We anticipate that the
selected site will have direct access to the Berbice River where wood pellets
would be loaded on river barges and taken down river to the port of New
Amsterdam for loading onto bulk carriers for export. Further expansion of energy
crop plantations is planned upon cultivation of the initial 7,500 acre
site.
We did
not renew the lease and option agreement we entered into with Georgia Caribbean
International Limited in September 2009. We currently intend to lease
approximately 7,500 acres of land owned by the Guyana federal government. The
cost of leasing the land from the government is expected to be less than under
the September 2009 agreement. Further, we believe that any lease we
enter into with the government will and allow for expansion of the energy crop
plantation we intend to establish at the lease site, should we have the need for
additional land.
Other
plans for projects in Guyana include:
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Planting
of our high yielding strain of bamboo and Melia dubia at demonstration
sites during the second calendar quarter of 2011, which, if successful,
would be expanded into one or more operating feedstock plantations on a
commercial scale.
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•
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Building
and operating a 2 MW/h gasification biomass plant for captive end users,
with our energy crops being cultivated on 400 acres of sub-leased
land.
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The
current and planned projects set forth in this sub-section will require the
expenditure of a significant amount of funds, which we currently estimate at
over $27.79 million in total. We do not have such funds currently
available to us. Accordingly, our ability to initiate and complete
such projects and thereafter operate the power plants and/or feedstock
plantations will be dependent on our ability to raise additional
funding. Such funding may be in the form of equity or debt
financings, or a combination of both types of financing. No assurance
can be given that we will be able to obtain financing when needed and on terms
advantageous to us, or at all. Among other possible negative effects
of financing, a debt financing could subject us to affirmative and negative
covenants that my create prohibitions on our operations or ability to pay
dividends on our stock and an equity financing could result in significant
dilution in equity ownership of our then current stockholders.
Planned
Projects: Mozambique and Sri Lanka
We intend
to conduct feasibility studies with regards to the cultivation of energy crop
plantations in Sri Lanka and Mozambique for the purpose of producing wood chips,
wood pellets or pyrolysis oil for export to the Middle East and India. We have
selected these regions based on (i) their natural climatic conditions for
cultivation of our high yielding strain of bamboo, (ii) the low cost of
production of biomass feedstock, (iii) the ability to sublease large
contiguous land parcels either directly from the federal of local jurisdictional
government or private parties, (iv) infrastructure and deep sea port/shipping
facilities and (v) their geographic locations in relationship to the markets we
have identified to export wood chips, wood pellets and/or pyrolysis
oil.
15
Third
Party License Agreements: USA and Central America
We formed
BioPower Corporation (formerly, Clenergen BioPower Corporation) (“BioPower”) in
October 2009 for the purpose of establishing a market presence in North
America. Through September 2010, we held a 19% equity interest in
BioPower, and Mark Quinn, our chairman of the board, and Jessica Hatfield, our
executive vice president, each owned a 16% equity interest. In
October 2010, we determined to surrender our minority interest in BioPower in
order consolidate our business operations through our other existing subsidiary
companies in the emerging markets. Mr. Quinn and Ms. Hatfield also surrendered
their interests in BioPower. We have been advised that Robert Kohn, a
former director of our company (August 29, 2009 to January 26, 2011), holds a
majority equity interest in BioPower.
In
November 2010, we entered into an exclusive licensing agreement with BioPower
whereby we licensed to BioPower our agronomy and technology IP assets for use in
the territories of United States of America, Central America, Mexico and Cuba.
Under the terms of this license agreement, we will be entitled to an 8% royalty
calculated on the gross revenue from each project utilizing the licensed
technology.
Clenergen
Foundation
We
believe that business has the power to benefit local and global communities and,
to this end, we have formed The Clenergen Foundation, a charitable organization,
dedicated to social health, education, conservation and long-term rural
development. The Clenergen Foundation’s immediate goal is to assist
and inspire individuals and organizations to preserve natural resources at the
local level, building a collective environmental awareness among people of all
economic backgrounds for a more sustainable future.
The
Clenergen Foundation is engaged in providing:
Comprehensive
Health Survey Reports
The
Clenergen Foundation has developed a comprehensive health survey to compile
comprehensive baseline information on the health of populations in order to
provide baseline evidence on the way health systems are currently functioning to
monitor inputs, functions and outcomes of various factors on local environments
and local populations. The Clenergen Foundation has begun conducting
a health survey on the staff of our 18 MW/h biomass power plant located in
Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu and their families. The plant’s staff and
their family member have agreed to participate in this study, provide
information regarding health status and to permit some investigations as deemed
necessary. There will be no cost to the staff and their families for
participation in the survey. The objective of the survey is to build
the evidence base to monitor whether health systems are achieving desired goals
and to develop a means of providing low cost, reliable and comparable
information for future use.
16
Agri
Extension Program
The
Clenergen Foundation’s Agri-Extension Program aims to revitalise unwanted land
through the cultivation of Jatropha, creating valuable employment and a
sustainable source of income for the farming communities. Jatropha is an oil
bearing non-food crop which, when crushed, provides a crude vegetable oil which
can be refined into biodiesel fuel, to be either blended with fossil diesel or
used as an 100% diesel fuel replacement. The seedcake is used as an organic
fertilizer. The Clenergen Foundation intends to provide starter
kits containing elite hybrid Jatropha seed and necessary cultivation tools
(including bio fertilisers and bio pesticides) for growing one hectare of
Jatropha. The kits will be supplied in a bee-hive box, which, when
emptied, can be used to establish colonies of bees in order to support the cross
pollination of the Jatropha plants.
Charcoal
Briquettes
The
Clenergen Foundation has developed a business model, based on technology
pioneered by the Appropriate Rural Technology Institute of India (“ARTI”), that
uses agricultural waste and other dry biomass to produce high quality charcoal
briquettes. This model is intended to create sustainable charcoal production
with economic benefits for rural communities. The goal is to
transform the current charcoal industry by replacing the source of charcoal from
forests to fields and training farmers to convert their agricultural waste to
char powder, which is then used as a cleaner, hotter burning and cheaper “green
charcoal.” The Clenergen Foundation believes that the ARTI technology can
result in self- sustainable farming as it maximizes the use of waste materials
for energy production.
Stingless
Bee Honey Project (South America)
The
Caboclos, who are the forest dwellers in the Amazon region of Brazil, are faced
with dire economic hardship and have either abandoned their native rainforest
for urban slums or have depleted the rainforest resources due to lack of
sustainable techniques. The Clenergen Foundation believes that it is
vital for the international community to find ways for these forest dwellers to
create an income stream by harvesting the resources of the rainforest in a
sustainable manner. Honey is a traditional product that has been
traditional harvested in the Amazon. Beekeeping doesn’t require expensive
materials and is simple to maintain. It is believed that honey
production utilizes the rainforest as its primary resource without destructive
ecological impact. The Clenergen Foundation believes that the production of
stingless bee honey not only preserves the rainforest and can be a greater
source of income and self support for the Caboclos, but also can increase growth
due to the increase in pollination.
17
Biomass
Feedstock
A unique
feature of our business model is the application of our licensed Tree Adaption
Process (“TAP”) technology for increasing the yield of energy crops. This is
achieved through a selective breeding process where plant stock is genetically
pre-screened for specific polyploidy chromosomes. Once identified,
the selected trees are entered into an active breeding program. This
process enables the creation of “adaptive polyploids” or plants with duplicate
sets of chromosomes, where the gene clusters are bred specifically to adapt to
certain environmental or physical conditions (genomic architecture through
breeding). Quite simply, the tree (itself a solar energy system
through the process of photosynthesis) grows leaves (solar panels) which are 50%
larger than a standard variety of the same tree species, thereby enabling the
tree to more efficiently collect solar energy and carbon dioxide and,
accordingly, grow more rapidly. This optimization results in a 30 to
40% increase in the growth rate of the tree as compared to same species trees
that have not undergone TAP application. Further, no genetic
engineering is utilized in application of TAP, as the polyploidy process is a
naturally occurring evolutionary event. Re-applying this technology
annually to selected mother stock from the hybrid planting material (continuing
the breeding process through selection), we believe will result in a continuous
scientific cycle of increased growth rates, although at a lesser extent annually
as the process matures.
Under the
terms of a License and Research and Development Agreement with Star
Biotechnology Limited and Arbour Technologies Limited, we have been granted an
exclusive license for use in India and Sri Lanka for the process and know-how
for the modification of Paulownia, a type of tree, with strains supplied by
Arbour Technologies for use in cultivating feedstock for power generation at our
operations in such countries. We have paid Star Biotechnology a
onetime license fee of $500,000. The research and development
agreement required us to pay Arbour Technologies a onetime research and
development fee of approximately $80,000, which has been paid in
full.
Arbour
Technologies is a leading organization in the field of polyploidisation and its
work has been verified by the Queensland and Brisbane Universities quantifying
the increased growth of its Paulownia as a result of applying the polyploidy
process. The process results in a new species of tree being created, which we
have named “Marjestica.” It is our intent to protect our IP and plant
breeding rights for this new species of tree through filings with appropriate
government agencies.
We expect
the first shipment during the first calendar quarter of 2011, which will be
planted at our field demonstration site located in Nelkattumseval, and
Tamilnadu, India. Arbour Technologies will be supplying us with 18,000
polyploidy cloned saplings and 6,000 parent saplings, for the purpose of
conducting a comparative analysis of the increased growth rate resulting from
polyploidisation.
Technology
We offer
strategic clean energy generation alternatives to address the world wide need
for renewable and sustainable supplies of electricity. We have assembled an
experienced managerial, engineering and technical team capable of operating
combustion steam, gasification and anaerobic digestive biomass power
plants.
Wood chip
conversion
technologies, such as pelletisation, allows for the wood pellets to be
co-fired in coal power plants, while our Rapid Thermal Processing Technology
(“RTP”) produces Pyrolysis oil for use a heating and heavy mechanical equipment
fuel.
18
Combustion
steam biomass power plants generate, on average, one MW/h of electricity
from one ton of wood chips. Based on our experience in India, we estimate that
the average capital cost (“capex”) for the construction of a combustion steam
biomass power plant in the countries we intend to install such plants is $1.2
million per MW/h. We anticipate that the construction of our
combustion steam plants will be outsourced under engineering, procurement and
construction (EPC) contracts within the country where the power plant is being
installed. We further anticipate that it will take on average twelve
to twenty months to install a combustion steam power plant, which can be custom
designed for the desired energy requirement of the end-user. We plan
on constructing plants in modules with either 6 MW/h, 7 MW/h or 10 MW/h
generating capacities, which adhere to the specifications of currently marketed
combustion steam turbine engines.
Gasification
biomass power plants have a far smaller footprint than combustion steam biomass
plants and their modular design allows for scalability without requiring major
engineering modifications. Small scale gasification power plants (0.5
MW/h to 2.0 MW/h) can generate up 1.2 MW/h of electricity from each one ton of
wood chips. The gasification process does not involve the
burning of the wood (thereby maintaining a carbon neutral footprint). The
average capex cost for small scale gasification biomass power plants are $1.4
million per MW/h.
We
entered into a non-binding agreement with Ankur Technologies located in Baroda,
India in April 2010. Ankur Technologies specializes in small scale
gasification biomass power plants, which can be configured to use gas engines
manufactured either by Waukesha (USA), GE Jenbacher (Austria) or Chensong
(China). We have selected a 2 MW/h configuration as the most efficient and cost
effective for the projects we are or are planning on implementing in India,
Philippines, Ghana and Guyana. This agreement contemplates our being granted
exclusive rights for the installation of Ankur’s gasification plants in Guyana,
Ghana, Zambia, Ethiopia and Libya. For installations in other regions (excluding
India), the agreement contemplates our being granted a preferred client status
which provides for preferential delivery schedules and pricing.
Anaerobic
digestion biomass technology utilizes chicken litter and saga waste as a
biomass feedstock which, once decomposed, releases methane gas which is then
used as the fuel for the gas engines producing the resulting renewable
electricity. The bi-product from this process is high grade compost that can be
processed into organic fertilizer, which can be used to support the cultivation
of energy crop plantations. On average, 25 tons of compost is created each day
by a plant generating 1MW/h of electricity. We believe that, by processing the
compost generated from this technology to organic fertilizer, we will be able to
lower our costs of production of our biomass feedstock.
Pelletisation
equipment, we believe, adds on average $25 per ton to the cost of cultivating
wood chips and power requirements, along with drying equipment required to
reduce the moisture content below 10%. The average capex cost for pelleting
equipment with a feed in of between seven to nine tons per hour is $800,000. We
believe considerable costs savings can be achieved through purchases based on
economies of scale. The resulting wood pellets from our Marjestica,
bamboo and Melia dubia crops are anticipated to have a BTU value of 11,000 which
is almost equivalent to that of coal. Only minor changes are required to the
boiler and feed-in systems in order to use wood pellets to co-fire coal power
plants. The specification of our wood pellets has been approved by Europe’s
largest coal fired power plant. We believe the demand for pellets in
industrialized nations far out strips the supply base due to mandatory 10%
blending requirements being enforced by many western governments over the next
five years.
19
Rapid Thermal
Processing (RTP) Technology converts wood chips to ASTM standard
Pyrolysis oil. The Pyrolysis oil, a light, clean-burning liquid, can be used to
generate renewable heat and power generation. The Pyrolysis plant
design is projected to process 400 bone-dry metric tons of wood chips per day to
produce over 20 million gallons of Pyrolysis oil annually. The projected capex
cost for a 400 ton per day RTP plant is $50 million.
We
entered into a technical agreement with Envergent Technologies, a joint venture
between a subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc. and Ensyn Corporation, in
April 2010 to produce ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) grade
Pyrolysis oil. The agreement also contemplates our entering into a technology
partnership with Envergent for the possible upgrade of Pyrolysis oil to
hydrocarbon fuels (used as an additive to jet fuel, gasoline and diesel) using
biomass wood chips produced from the cultivation of our Marjestica, bamboo and
Melia dubia. The technical agreement envisages testing of Marjestica, bamboo and
Melia dubia as sources of feedstock for converting wood chips to Pyrolysis
oil.
Market
Analysis
In India,
the size of the energy gap is shown by the fact that, while India has a
population of 1.1 billion to China’s 1.3 billion, India has a generating
capacity of 159GW to China’s 860GW. This energy gap is expected to widen over at
least the near term. Over the period of 2005 to 2030, India’s population is
expected to grow by 1.2% per annum to 1.47 billion. Over the same period, in
real terms, Indian GDP is forecast to grow at a 7.5% per annum over the next two
decades, to $4,000 billion. GDP growth has exacerbated the shortage
of energy and capacity will have to increase if the government is going reach
its goal of ensuring that the per capita availability of electricity is
increased to over 1,000 units by 2012.
India has
the fifth largest power generation capacity in the world with an installed
capacity of 159 GW, which is about 4% of global power generation. The top four
power generating countries (the US, Japan, China and Russia) together consume
about 49% of the total power generated, globally. The average per
capita consumption of electricity in India during 2008 - 2009 was estimated to
be 704 kilowatts (“KW”) per calendar year. However, this is fairly
low when compared to that of some of the developed and emerging nations such as
the United States (approximately 15,000 KW per year) and China (approximately
1,800 KW per year). The world wide per capita electricity consumption average
was estimated to be 2,300 KW in 2008.
The
current installed transmission capacity in India is only 13% of the total
installed generation capacity. With focus on increasing generation capacity over
the next eight to ten years, the corresponding investments in the transmission
sector is also expected to augment. The Ministry of Power plans to establish an
integrated national power grid in the country by 2012 with close to 200,000 MW
generation capacities and 37,700 MW of inter-regional power transfer capacity.
Considering that the current inter-regional power transfer capacity of 20,750
MW, this is indeed an ambitious objective for the country.
20
The
Indian government has set ambitious goals for power sector. In order
to provide availability of over 1,000 units of per capita electricity by year
2012, it has been estimated that need-based capacity addition of more than
100,000 MW would be required. This has resulted in massive addition plans being
proposed in the sub-sectors of generation, transmission and
distribution.
According
to estimates, approximately $160 billion is likely to be invested in the Indian
power sector over a five year period ending in 2014. Of this, $106 billion is
expected to be invested in the power generation space, with over $50 billion
being made by the private sector.
The
Philippines’ primary energy demand is projected to more than double from
44 million tones of oil equivalent (“Mtoe”) in 2002 to 111 Mtoe in 2030, growing
annually at 3.4%; buoyed mainly by high growth in the demand for petroleum
products in the transport sector. A robust economic growth stimulated by
increasing population and demographic changes will further expand the economy’s
energy demand. The economy will remain a net energy importer despite
efforts to expand the energy resource supply base with renewable energy
technologies and alternative fuels. It is estimated that between $68-87 billion
in new investment will be required to finance the economy’s projected expansion
of energy infrastructure; $61 billion or 69% of which will be allocated to the
electricity sector.
Over the
last two decades, the Philippines’ total primary energy consumption increased
annually at a rate of 3.5%. Between 2002 and 2004, oil accounted the largest
share at 38%, mainly from the transport sector, increasing at 7.2% annually over
the same period. Industrial energy consumption has also increased due to
continue expansion of industrial activities. Between 2002 and 2004,
aggregate consumption of oil, coal and electricity increased by as much as 1.0%
per year. Heightened economic activities as a result of improved income, living
standards, and increased personal consumption and spending have subsequently
contributed to the high energy consumption growth in the commercial
sector.
Despite
increases in indigenous energy production and improvement in self-sufficiency,
rising demand for oil and coal have continued to increase the economy’s import
dependence thus prompting government to pursue further improvement in policy
measures and programs. Aside from the regular programs included in the
Philippine Energy Plan, the government has initiated legislative measures that
would guarantee reduction of import dependence through aggressive promotion for
exploration and development of indigenous energy resources, enhanced utilization
of natural gas, continued reforms in the electricity sector, energy efficiency
improvements, promotion of alternative fuels in the transport sector and fiscal
reforms. These measures are aimed at ensuring adequate, reliable and affordable
supply of energy to the economy, with the highest regard on environment and
sustainable development. With the government programs and institutional changes
in place, the government hopes to achieve a greater degree of energy self
sufficiency over the outlook period.
Ghana is
one of the largest generators of electricity in West Africa and primarily relies
on the supply of hydropower from the Akosombo Dam on the Volta
River. Ghana supplies neighboring countries, such as Benin and Togo,
with the majority of their electricity. The effects of climate change on the
Volta dam and the reduction in generating capacity by the Volta River Authority
has caused the price of electricity to rise while supplies have been drastically
reduced.
21
Energy is
the key to Ghana’s continued and future prosperity and, we believe, that it is
critical for Ghana to build facilities to provide power to those lacking it,
especially in the rural areas, and to provide sustainable vital services, such
as power, to increase commerce, business productivity and enhance the lives of
families by giving them affordable energy for educational schooling, cooking,
heating and lighting.
The
present access to electricity to households is in the region of 50%. Since the
mid 1990’s, Ghana has been focused on transforming its low income development
status into an upper middle income one by 2020. We believe that good
supplies of electricity are a key to real growth and development in Ghana and
the access to a sustainable source of energy has a direct link to economic
growth and the standard of living. In recent times, however, the country’s
electricity producing companies have been plagued by certain operational,
financial, and logistical difficulties. This situation has led to a significant
reduction in Ghana’s electricity generation capacity. So, Ghanaians have had to
endure irregular power supply for some time now. Power outages in the country
have become too rampant. The situation is affecting businesses, especially small
scale business ventures who cannot afford to purchase generators. We
believe that the situation in Ghana gives the Company a viable market for its
services and technology.
Major
Customers
In India,
we anticipate that our biomass power plants will supply electricity directly to
PTC, where we estimate that we will receive an average weighted price of
approximately $0.14 per KW/h, as well as to private manufacturing and mining
entities. In order to sell directly to PTC, we will have to pay open
access and wheeling charges to the local government where the power is being
generated. PTC sells the electricity under both short and long term
contracts to its customer base located throughout India. Currently,
PTC retains a 60% market share for the sale of electricity under short term
power contracts.
We
estimate that, by the end of the 2011 calendar year, we will be able to channel
to PTC the majority of Indian sales of electricity we generate. In
the interim, we have entered into short term PPAs for electricity generated from
our 18MW/h combustion steam power and 1.5 MW/h anaerobic digestion biomass power
plants with customers that include, but are not limited to, Sastha Paper Mills,
KLRF Ltd. Roots Casting Limited, Suzar, Bunge, Indoshell, Unique Shell, Tata
Coffee, SVMA, Ramprasad Tubes, Hitech Die Cast, Gopal Naiker, Jumbo Baf,
Stanpacks, Sri Hari Venkateswara, Nachiar paper, KG Denim, Gajenra paper, Aegan
Industries, Aranthangi Chemicals, Everwin Textiles, PMP Textiles, Annamalaiyar,
SVA Syntex, Sakthi Cords, Genau Extrusions Mohan Breweries, Aditya
Tubes. The PPAs typically provide for both peak and off peak supplies
where the price per KW/h ranges from $0.10 cents (off peak) to $0.22 cents
(peak).
In Ghana,
the potential major customers for the supply of electricity are the large,
multinational mining companies operating in the country. The government of Ghana
is also a potential major customer, as the lack of rainfall over the years has
drastically reduced their hydro electricity generating capacity from the Volta
Dam power plant.
22
In the
Philippines, many of the islands rely on the importation of diesel fuel
for power generation, which, we believe, is both expensive and often in short
supply. National Power Corporation (“NPC”) has been the prime
customer for purchasing power from independent power producers (“IPPs”);
however, under deregulation currently taking place in the Philippines, NPC is
now faced with stiff competition from Meralco which owns a high percentage of
the transmission lines to Manila and other major cities in the
Philippines. Our potential major customers for electricity are the
mining companies operating in the Philippines who rely upon an uninterrupted
supply of electricity at the site of their mining operations.
In Europe,
various governments are now requiring coal power plants to reduce their carbon
emissions by 10% over the next three years, with a target of a 20% reduction by
2020. As a result, there is an increased demand for wood pellets that can be
co-fired with coal and do not require significant modifications to the power
plants. As noted previously, use of wood pellets in power generation,
creates a significantly lower carbon footprint than coal. Currently,
the market price for supplying wood pellets to European coal power plants is in
excess of $160 per ton, which we believe may increase due to a shortage of
supply.
Competition
The
alternative energy industry is widespread and highly
competitive. Numerous entities throughout the world are currently and
will in the future compete with us in producing and distributing energy from
renewable resources, including ethanol, biodiesel and biomass. We
face, and expect to continue to face, competition from entities to the extent
that they develop products similar or identical to ours. We also
face, and expect to continue to face, competition from entities that provide
alternative energy solutions from renewable resources other than biomass, such
as solar, hydroelectric and wind energy producers.
Many of
our competitors have substantially greater capital resources and more experience
in research and development, manufacturing and marketing than we
do. We may have difficulty competing with larger, more established
producing companies. These companies may have much greater financial,
technical, research, marketing, sales, distribution, service and other resources
than we do. Moreover, they may offer broader product lines, services
and have greater name recognition than we do, and may offer discounts as a
competitive tactic.
The
backward integration of supply feedstock from our own designated plantations,
where we will be planting short rotation high yielding energy crops using
certain species of tree and utilizing proprietary technology, is not the
standard method of supply to power generation plants. We believe this
business model will provide us a competitive advantage over other biomass power
producing companies as we should be better able to control and minimize the cost
of feedstock used in our power generating plants generate
electricity.
23
The
technologies for producing electricity from biomass and for commercializing
those technologies are evolving. Technological developments may result in our
products and/or processes becoming obsolete before we commence production. If we
are unable to commence production and processing of our products before our
competitors, we may be adversely affected. Moreover, any products and
technologies that we may develop, acquire and/or license may be made obsolete by
less expensive products or technologies that may be developed, acquired and/or
licensed by our competitors in the future. We have specifically adopted a
strategy of being technology diverse, as we intend to utilize combustion steam,
anaerobic digestion, gasification, RTP and pelletisation technologies for
producing electricity and revenue from the sale of wood biomass products. We
believe the costs of installing gasification power plants will decrease over the
next five years as more companies migrate to this technology as an alternative
to combustion steam, since it is up to 40% more efficient and has a carbon
neutral footprint.
We are
currently undertaking laboratory tests with suppliers of technology where the
biomass is converted into a liquid format (either through the use of catalysts
or combustion) and then distilled to produce Pyrolysis
oil. Currently, Pyrolysis oil is used as heating oil or as a fuel for
heavy equipment. We believe that this technology will continue to
evolve to a standard where the oil generated from the biomass will be suitable
for distribution as a renewable diesel, jet fuel and
gasoline. Pyrolysis oil requires no modifications to existing fossil
fuel refining operations in order to be blended with fossil fuels.
Compliance
with Government Regulation
The laws
of India require that we enter into an agreement with the electricity board of
each state in which we operate a power plant in order to gain “open access” to
the electric grid within such state. The fee for open access varies,
but generally falls between a rate of 2.5% and 6.25% of the electricity
transferred to the grid. There is no open access fee for electricity
transferred directly to an end user.
Subsidiaries
As of
January 31, 2011, our subsidiaries consisted of the following:
Subsidiary Name
|
Jurisdiction of
Formation
|
Percentage
Ownership
|
||||
Clenergen
Corporation Limited (UK)
|
United Kingdom
|
100.00 | % | |||
Clenergen
Corporation Administrative Services Limited
|
United Kingdom
|
100.00 | ||||
Clenergen
India Private Limited
|
India
|
99.99 | ||||
Clenergen
Philippines Corporation
|
Philippines
|
40.00 | ||||
Clenergen
Ghana Corporation
|
Ghana
|
77.00 |
24
Employees
As of
January 31, 2011, we have 24 paid employees, consisting of four in
administrative functions, four serving in accounting and finance functions and
sixteen persons in various other capacities. The number of persons
identified in the preceding sentence includes our chairman, executive vice
president, chief executive officer and president and acting chief accounting
officer, all of whom we are compensating under individual consulting
agreements. We also are currently relying on numerous other
consultants, who are or have been compensated through fees and issuances of
shares of our common stock. We anticipate that the number of
employees will increase significantly over the next twelve month period as power
plants are acquired and we commence cultivation on our feedstock
plantations. None of our employees are members of any labor union and
we consider our labor relationships to be good.
We engage
contractors from time to time to consult with us on specific affairs or to
perform specific tasks.
Intellectual
Property
The
licensing of TAP will provide us with the opportunity to file for proprietary IP
and plant breeding rights to a species of tree (Paulownia), which upon
completion of filing will be named Majestica. The TAP technology
results in a new DNA strain being generated, creating a new species of
tree. We intend to file for IP rights upon completion of the
application and trials currently taking place in India. We will file
for IP rights in each and every country where our biomass feedstock is
cultivated.
We have
entered into an agreement for the design and production of fertilizers and
pesticides specifically for use with the biomass feedstocks we intend to
cultivate in the various regions in which we intend to conduct our power plant
and feedstock cultivation operations. We believe that up to 20%
additional growth can be gained from the correct application of fertilizers and
pesticides. Once test results from trials are complete, we will be
able to apply for IP rights for such products within the country where they are
manufactured.
The name
“Clenergen” and logo have been trademarked and filed under the trademark laws of
the United Kingdom. Applications for other countries are underway.
Item
1A.
|
Risk
Factors.
|
Our
business operations are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties,
including, but not limited to those set forth below:
Risks
Related to our Business
We have incurred
net losses since formation. We have incurred net losses for
each of our fiscal years since formation and had a stockholders’ deficit of
$39,817,733, as of October 31, 2010. We
commenced generating revenues during October 2010. For our fiscal
year ended October 31, 2010 (our “2010 Fiscal Year”), we had revenues of
$216,998 and a net loss of $34,853,915. For the period from October 27, 2005
(date of inception) to October 31, 2010 our net loss is
$39,817,733. As the commercialization of power from biomass is a new
business, we may experience problems, difficulties, complications and delays
typical for companies such as ours.
25
While we
believe that our 1.5 MWe anaerobic digestive biomass power plant in Namakkal,
India, Tamilnadu and our18MW plant in Kancheepuram, India will generate revenues
and be self-sustaining, no assurance can be given that we will recognize any
profits from our operations or company-wide net income any time in the
future.
We continue to
seek additional investment into our Company and, without further investment, our
ability to continue as a going concern is in substantial
doubt.
The
ability of our company to continue as a going concern is dependent on achieving
profitable operations, commercializing our biomass production technology and
obtaining the necessary financing in order to increase the cultivation of
biomass within the regions identified and construction of power plants to
generate revenue from the generation and sale of electricity. While
we are now revenue producing, the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted
at this time. Our future operations are dependent on the market’s
acceptance of our products in order to ultimately generate future profitable
operations, and our ability to secure sufficient financing to fund future
operations. There can be no assurance that our products will be able
to secure market acceptance. Management plans to raise additional
equity financing to enable our company to complete our development
plans. However, there can be no assurance that we will be successful
in raising additional financing. Our financial statements do not
include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these
uncertainties.
We have a limited
operating history, which makes it difficult to evaluate our financial position
and our business plan.
The
company has only recently commenced commercial operations in India, and is at an
early stage of business development in Guyana, Ghana and the
Philippines. Accordingly, there is a limited operating history by
which to evaluate the likelihood of our success or our ability to exist as a
going concern. We may not be able to generate additional revenues or
sufficient revenues to become profitable.
We will need to
obtain a significant amount of additional debt and/or equity capital to continue
building and commercialization of the power plants and biomass plantations
described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and for general working capital
purposes, which we may not be able to obtain on advantageous terms or at
all.
We will
require additional capital to fund our business and development plan, including
the development and/or construction of our biomass/gasification plants and
expansion of our designated biomass plantations in the regions of
operation. In addition, once these plants have been constructed, we
will have to fund the start-up operations of these plants until, if ever, the
plants generate sufficient cash flow from their operations. We may
also encounter unforeseen costs that could also require us to seek additional
capital. As a result, we expect to seek to raise additional debt
and/or equity funding. The full and timely development and
implementation of our business plan and growth strategy will require significant
additional resources, and we may not be able to obtain the funding necessary to
implement our growth strategy on acceptable terms or at all. An
inability to obtain such funding would prevent us from constructing any
biomass/gasification plants. Furthermore, our construction strategy
may not produce revenues even if successfully funded. We have not yet
identified the sources for the additional financing we require, although we have
built relationships with a number of Indian banks for our Indian operations and
have, in the past, been able to raise capital through the sale of stock in our
company. We might not succeed in raising additional equity capital or
in negotiating and obtaining additional financing. Our ability to
obtain additional capital also will depend on market conditions, national and
global economies and other factors beyond our control. We might not
be able to obtain required working capital, the need for which is substantial
given our business and development plan. The terms of any future debt
or equity funding that we may obtain may be unfavorable to us and to our
stockholders.
26
We have limited
financial and management resources to pursue our growth
strategy.
Our
growth strategy may place a significant strain on our management, as well as
operational and financial resources. For our 2010 Fiscal Year we had
negative cash flow from operations. We hope to move towards being
cash flow positive in the fiscal year ending October 31, 2011 (our “2011 Fiscal
Year”), although no guarantee of this movement towards positive cash flow can be
made. We will have to obtain additional capital either through debt
or equity financing to continue our research and development strategies and the
commercialization of our technologies. There can be no assurance,
however, that we will be able to obtain such financing on terms advantageous to
our company, if at all.
If we
raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or convertible securities,
these new securities may contain certain rights, preferences or privileges that
are senior to those of our common stock. Additionally, the percentage
of ownership of our company held by existing shareholders will be reduced if we
issue additional shares of our common stock.
We
may never acquire the 18MW/h power plant we are operating in Kancheepuram, India
and may lose our capital investment in rehabilitating the plant.
In June
2010, we entered into an agreement to acquire, from Nandha Energy Limited
(“Nandha Energy”), a 18MW/h power plant located in Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu,
India. The purchase price for the plant is approximately $15,000,
payable in cash, plus the assumption of $14 million in debt of Nandha Energy
associated with the plant. The loan arrangement prohibits Nandha from
selling the plant without the consent of the lender. We have been
advised that, due to banking regulations in India, the lender is withholding its
consent to the sale and our assumption of the debt unless we deposit with the
lender $3 million, which is referred to in India as “margin cash”, but can be
viewed as a security deposit for the repayment of the loan. We have
approached alternative lenders, but all have required a similar amount in margin
cash in order for the lender to comply with Indian banking laws. As
part of our arrangements with Nandha Energy, whereby we are (since October 2010)
operating the plant, receiving all revenues generated by such operations and
being held responsible for all costs of operating the plant, we are responsible
for servicing the loan, including timely tendering scheduled payments of
principal and interest of $300,000 per month. The plant’s current
operations are not sufficient to cover all of the costs of operating the plant
and servicing the loan, although we believe that, following further
modifications and other efforts to improve efficiencies at the plant, the plant
will eventually generate sufficient revenues to cover such operating and debt
servicing costs on a monthly basis. Further, we do not currently have
available the $3 million to deposit with the lender. If we are unable
to obtain the $3 million margin cash, we will not be able to acquire the
plant. In addition, should we be unable to service the loan in a
timely fashion, the loan could be declared in default and the lender would be in
a position to foreclose on the property. In such an event, we would
no longer be able to operate the plant and the amount we have incurred to date
in rehabilitating, maintaining and operating the plant would be
lost. We estimate that the amount we incurred in rehabilitating,
maintaining and operating the plant, net of revenues received by us by selling
the electricity generated by the plant, is in excess of $0.5
million.
27
We
will be dependent on third parties for expertise in the design and construction
of our biomass power plants and any loss or impairment of these relationships
could cause delay and added expense.
The
number of engineering and construction firms with the necessary expertise to
design and build large scale biomass gasification plants (over 2 MW/h) and their
available capacity is limited. For gasification power plants under 2
MWe in capacity there are two major suppliers based in India who retain the
capacity to manufacture such units upon demand. There exists a
competitive market place for the design and build out of combustion steam power
plants, thereby eliminating the risk of not having available the capacity to
construct large scale gasification power plants. We will be dependent
on our relationships with third parties for engineering and construction
expertise. Any loss of, or damage to, these relationships,
particularly during the construction and start-up period for the plant(s), may
significantly delay the commissioning of the power plants. The time
and expense of locating new consultants and contractors could result in
unforeseen expenses and delays. Unforeseen expenses and delays may
reduce our ability to generate revenue and significantly damage our competitive
position in the industry. We have secured local supplies of wood
chips to offset any shortfall in supply of wood chips from our designated
feedstock plantations, thereby reducing the risk of not having feedstock to
produce electricity. The failure to have available at all times
sufficient biomass feedstock could have a significant adverse impact on our
results from operations.
We will
be highly dependent upon contractors to design and build our
biomass/gasification plants. The failure to retain contractors on
terms not adverse to our interests and/or the failure of any of such contractors
to perform at the levels expected by us could have a material adverse affect on
our operations and financial condition.
We will be
required to hire and retain skilled technical and managerial
personnel.
Our
success depends in large part on our ability to attract, train, motivate and
retain qualified management and skilled employees, particularly managerial,
technical, agronomists, technicians, and other critical
personnel. Any failure to attract and retain the highly-trained
managerial and technical personnel may have a negative impact on our operations,
which would have a negative impact on our future revenues. While a
number of new hires were made in our 2010 Fiscal Year, going forward, there can
be no assurance that we will be able to attract and retain skilled persons and
the loss of skilled technical personnel could adversely affect our
company.
28
We are dependent
upon our executive officers for management and direction, and the loss of any of
these persons could adversely affect our operations and
results.
We are
dependent upon our executive officers for execution of our business
plan. The loss of any of our executives could have a material adverse
effect upon our results of operations and financial position. We do
not maintain “key person” life insurance for any of our executive officers. The
loss of any of our executives could delay or prevent the achievement of our
business objectives.
Construction
delays or defects could result in delays in our proposed future production and
sale of energy from biomass and negatively affect our operations and financial
performance.
Construction
projects often involve delays for a number of reasons including delays in
obtaining permits, delays due to weather conditions and delays caused by other
events. Also, any changes in political administrations at each level
that result in policy changes towards energy produced from biomass also could
cause construction and/or operation delays. If it takes us longer to
construct our proposed plants, our ability to generate revenues could be
impaired. In addition, there can be no assurance that defects in
materials and/or workmanship will not occur. Such defects could delay
the commencement of operations of the plant or cause us to halt or discontinue
the plant’s operation or reduce the intended production
capacity. Halting or discontinuing plant operations could delay our
ability to generate revenues.
Besides
using biomass supplied directly from our plantations to fuel our power plants,
we may generate alternative revenue through the sale of biomass feedstock to
third party power plants and/or sell our cultivated two species of tree and
grass as timber for either the construction or paper and pulp
industries. Any inability in transporting feedstock to such customers
or financial problems at any of these customers could adversely impact our
results from operations and/or financial position.
Our proposed
plant sites, including our future plants, may have unknown environmental
problems that could be expensive and time consuming to correct which may delay
or halt plant construction and delay our ability to generate
revenue.
Liability
costs associated with environmental cleanups of contaminated sites historically
have been very high as have been the level of fines imposed by regulatory
authorities upon parties deemed to be responsible for environmental
contamination. If contamination should take place for which we are
deemed to be liable, potentially liable or a responsible party, the resulting
costs could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results
of operations. While we believe that this risk is mitigated by our
program of supplying organic fertilizer and pesticides to each location where we
are cultivating trees and/or bush for the purpose of biomass and is further
reduced through the use of gasification technology which does not emit any
harmful gases and is considered carbon neutral, the possibility of liability
continues to exist.
29
We may
encounter hazardous conditions at or near each of our proposed facility sites
that may delay or prevent construction or operation of a particular
facility. If we encounter a hazardous condition at or near a site,
work may be suspended and we may be required to correct the condition prior to
continuing construction or further production. The presence of a
hazardous condition would likely delay or prevent construction of a particular
facility and may require significant expenditure of resources to correct the
condition. If we encounter any hazardous condition during
construction, estimated sales and profitability may be adversely
affected.
Changes
in environmental regulations or violations of the regulations could be expensive
and hinder our ability to operate profitably.
We are
and will continue to be subject to extensive air, water and other environmental
regulations and will need to maintain a number of environmental permits to
construct and operate our power producing plants. If for any reason,
any of these permits are not granted, construction costs for the plants may
increase, or the plants may not be constructed at all. Additionally,
any changes in environmental laws and regulations could require us to invest or
spend considerable resources in order to comply with such new laws and
regulations. Violations of these laws and regulations could result in
liabilities that affect our financial condition and the expense of compliance
alone could be significant enough to reduce profits.
Variations
in the exchange rate could effect our operating results.
Our
operating results will be exposed to exchange rate fluctuations due to the fact
that we are operating in various countries. Since most of our
revenues and costs will be paid in the local currency of the subject operations,
variations in the currency exchange rate between the country of operation and
the United States could impact, positively or negatively, our reporting
results. As such, although we may generate a profit from a plant in a
local currency, the currency exchange rate may change dramatically during a
reporting period that results in our having to report a loss from
operations.
We made not be
able to expatriate funds generated by our operations. Various countries have
established laws that make it difficult, if not impossible, to transfer monies
earned in such country to another country. If such was the case in
any of the countries we establish operations, we may not be able to transfer
such monies to the United States or another country and thereby use such funds
in other operations or in paying dividends to our stockholders.
Risks
Associated with Our Common Stock
Trading
on the OTC Pink Sheets may be volatile and sporadic, which could depress the
market price of our common stock and make it difficult for our stockholders to
resell their shares.
Our
common stock is quoted on the OTC QB maintained by OTC Markets Group,
Inc. Trading in stock quoted on the OTC QB is often thin and
characterized by wide fluctuations in trading prices, due to many factors that
may have little to do with our operations or business prospects. This
volatility could depress the market price of our common stock for reasons
unrelated to operating performance. Further, a price quote may not
accurately reflect the true value of a company’s stock. Moreover, the
OTC QB is not a stock exchange, and trading of securities quoted on the OTC QB
is often more sporadic than the trading of securities listed on a stock
exchange. Accordingly, shareholders may have difficulty reselling any
of their shares.
30
In
addition, a significant portion of our common stock which we sold or otherwise
issued in the past two years is available for resale under SEC Rule
144. Given the historically low trading volume of our common stock,
the introduction of a large number of share of our common stock into the
marketplace, or just the possibility of such an introduction, could result in
significant volatility to the market price of our common stock, including a
possible steep decline in such market price.
Our
stock is a penny stock. Trading of our stock may be restricted by the
SEC’s penny stock regulations and FINRA’s sales practice requirements, which may
limit a stockholder’s ability to buy and sell our stock.
Our stock
is a penny stock. The Securities and Exchange Commission has adopted
Rule 15g-9 which generally defines “penny stock” to be any equity security that
has a market price (as defined) less than $5.00 per share or an exercise price
of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions. Our
securities are covered by the penny stock rules, which impose additional sales
practice requirements on broker-dealers who sell to persons other than
established customers and “accredited investors.” The term
“accredited investor” refers generally to institutions with assets in excess of
$5,000,000 or individuals with a net worth in excess of $1,000,000 or annual
income exceeding $200,000 or $300,000 jointly with their spouse. The
penny stock rules require a broker-dealer, prior to a transaction in a penny
stock not otherwise exempt from the rules, to deliver a standardized risk
disclosure document in a form prepared by the SEC which provides information
about penny stocks and the nature and level of risks in the penny stock
market. The broker-dealer also must provide the customer with current
bid and offer quotations for the penny stock, the compensation of the
broker-dealer and its salesperson in the transaction and monthly account
statements showing the market value of each penny stock held in the customer’s
account. The bid and offer quotations, and the broker-dealer and
salesperson compensation information, must be given to the customer orally or in
writing prior to effecting the transaction and must be given to the customer in
writing before or with the customer’s confirmation. In addition, the
penny stock rules require that, prior to a transaction in a penny stock not
otherwise exempt from these rules, the broker-dealer must make a special written
determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser
and receive the purchaser’s written agreement to the
transaction. These disclosure requirements may have the effect of
reducing the level of trading activity in the secondary market for the stock
that is subject to these penny stock rules. Consequently, these penny
stock rules may affect the ability of broker-dealers to trade our
securities. We believe that the penny stock rules discourage investor
interest in, and limit the marketability of, our common stock.
In
addition to the “penny stock” rules promulgated by the Securities and Exchange
Commission, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) has adopted
rules that require that, in recommending an investment to a customer, a
broker-dealer must have reasonable grounds for believing that the investment is
suitable for that customer. Prior to recommending speculative low
priced securities to their non-institutional customers, broker-dealers must make
reasonable efforts to obtain information about the customer’s financial status,
tax status, investment objectives and other information. Under
interpretations of these rules, FINRA believes that there is a high probability
that speculative low-priced securities will not be suitable for at least some
customers. FINRA’s requirements make it more difficult for
broker-dealers to recommend that their customers buy our common stock, which may
limit your ability to buy and sell our stock.
31
Other
Risks
Trends,
Risks and Uncertainties
We have
sought to identify what we believe to be the most significant risks to our
business, but we cannot predict whether, or to what extent, any of such risks
may be realized nor can we guarantee that we have identified all possible risks
that might arise. Investors should carefully consider all of such
risk factors before making an investment decision with respect to our common
stock.
Item
1B.
|
Unresolved
Staff Comments.
|
This item
is not applicable to smaller reporting companies.
Item
2.
|
Properties.
|
Our
administrative offices, which are managed by our Clenergen Corporation
Administrative Services Limited subsidiary, are located at Bath House, 8 Chapel
Place, London, EC2A 3DQ (UK). We lease approximately 800 square feet
at a total cost of approximately $2,800 per month (inclusive of taxes,
electricity and heat) pursuant to a written lease with an unaffiliated third
party. The lease renews automatically on a monthly
basis. We believe these facilities are adequate for our current needs
and that alternate facilities on similar terms would be readily available, if
needed.
We also
maintain an office in Chennai through our Clenergen India
subsidiary. We leased approximately 800 square feet of office space,
at a total rental cost of approximately $1,500 per month (inclusive of taxes,
electricity and heat) pursuant to a written lease with an unaffiliated third
party which expired on January 31, 2011. We had determined that such
facilities were no longer adequate for our current needs in
India. Accordingly, effective February 1, 2011, we entered into a new
three year lease for 5,000 square foot facility in Chennai. The total
rental cost for this new facility is $6,000 per month (excluding
taxes). We have the right to terminate the lease in the third year of
the lease term without incurring any penalties.
We have
entered into numerous non-binding and binding MoAs, MoUs, LoIs and other
agreements which contemplate our leasing, operating, managing or acquiring
various properties on which we would operate biomass feedstock plantations
and/or biomass and other alternative energy power plants. Such leases
and acquisitions of land will require funds which we do not currently have
available to us and we will be required to obtain additional
financing. No assurance can be given that such financing can be
obtained, on terms advantageous to us or on any terms whatsoever. The
lack of funding on terms advantageous to us could have a substantial adverse
impact on our future plans, results from operations and financial
condition.
32
Item
3.
|
Legal
Proceedings.
|
We know
of no material existing or pending legal proceedings against our company, nor
are we involved as a plaintiff in any material proceeding or pending litigation,
other than an unsubstantiated demand we received from a party we had entered
into a conditional agreement with. Such condition was not satisfied
and we believe such demand (for shares equal to one-third of our outstanding
common stock on April 2, 2010) to be completely without merit and we intend to
vigorously defend any attempt at enforcing such demand.
There are
no proceedings in which any of our directors, officers or affiliates, or any
registered or beneficial shareholder, is an adverse party or has a material
interest adverse to our interest.
Item
4.
|
(Removed
and Reserved).
|
33
PART
II
Item
5.
|
Market
for Common Equity and Related Stockholder
Matters.
|
Market
Information
Our
common stock was listed for quotation on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board
operated by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) from November
15, 2006 until September 21, 2010. Our common stock became listed for
quotation on the Over-the-Counter QB (“OTCQB”) operated by OTC Markets Group,
Inc. (and known as the Pink Sheets) on September 21, 2010. There were
no reported quotations for our common stock prior to August 3,
2009. The trading symbol for our common stock on the OTCQB is
“CRGE.” During October 2010, quotation of market prices for our
common stock was commenced on a second quotation platform, the Open Market of
the Frankfort Stock Exchange, under the trading symbol of 9CE. The following
table sets forth the range of high and low bids for our common stock for each
fiscal quarter during our two most recently completed fiscal years, based on
information available from OTC Markets Group, Inc. These price ranges
are based on inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-ups, mark-downs or
commissions and may not represent actual transactions.
Quarter Ended
|
High
|
Low
|
||||||
October
31, 2010
|
$ | 1.16 | $ | 0.41 | ||||
July
31, 2010
|
1.16 | 0.40 | ||||||
April
30, 2010
|
1.22 | 0.40 | ||||||
January
31, 2010
|
1.15 | 0.51 | ||||||
October
31, 2009
|
$ | 1.40 | $ | 0.71 | ||||
July
31, 2009
|
n/a | n/a | ||||||
April
30, 2009
|
n/a | n/a | ||||||
January
31, 2009
|
n/a | n/a |
Penny
Stock Rules
The
Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) has adopted rules that regulate
broker-dealer practices in connection with transactions involving penny
stocks. Penny stocks generally are equity securities with a price of
less than $5.00 (other than securities registered on certain national securities
exchanges, provided that current price and volume information with respect to
transactions in such securities is provided by the exchange).
Our
common stock, par value $0.001 per share, is considered penny stock under these
SEC rules. We anticipate our common stock will remain a penny stock
for the foreseeable future. The classification of penny stock makes
it more difficult for a broker-dealer to sell the stock into a secondary market,
which makes it more difficult for a purchaser to liquidate his/her
investment. Rather than complying with those rules, some
broker-dealers simply refuse to trade in penny stock.
34
The penny
stock rules require a broker-dealer, prior to conducting a transaction involving
a penny stock not otherwise exempt from those rules, to deliver a standardized
risk disclosure document prepared by the SEC, which contains:
•
|
a
description of the nature and level of risk in the market for penny stocks
in both public offerings and secondary
trading;
|
•
|
a
description of the broker’s or dealer’s duties to the customer and of the
rights and remedies available to the customer with respect to a violation
to such duties or other requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, as
amended;
|
•
|
a
brief, clear, narrative description of a dealer market, including “bid”
and “ask” prices for penny stocks and the significance of the spread
between the bid and ask price;
|
•
|
a
toll-free telephone number for inquiries on disciplinary actions;
and
|
•
|
such
other information and is in such form (including language, type, size and
format) as the SEC requires by rule or
regulation.
|
The
broker-dealer also must provide, prior to effecting any transaction in a penny
stock, to the customer:
•
|
the
bid and offer quotations for the penny
stock;
|
•
|
the
compensation to be received by the broker-dealer and its salesperson in
the transaction;
|
•
|
the
number of shares to which such bid and ask prices apply, or other
comparable information relating to the depth and liquidity of the market
for such stock; and
|
•
|
monthly
account statements showing the market value of each penny stock held in
the customer’s account.
|
In
addition, the penny stock rules require that prior to a transaction in a penny
stock not otherwise exempt from those rules, the broker-dealer must make a
special written determination that such penny stock is a suitable investment for
the purchaser and receive the purchaser’s written acknowledgment of the receipt
of a risk disclosure statement, a written agreement to transactions involving
penny stocks and a signed and dated copy of a written suitability
statement. These disclosure requirements could have the effect of
reducing the trading activity in the secondary market for our common stock
because our common stock will be subject to these penny stock
rules. Therefore, stockholders may have difficulty selling their
holdings in our common stock.
Transfer
Agent
Shares of
our common stock are issued in registered form. Holladay Stock
Transfer Inc. (2939 N. 67th Street, Scottsdale, Arizona 85251; Telephone: (480)
481-3940; Facsimile: (480) 481-3941) is the registrar and transfer agent for our
common sock.
Holders
At
February 10, 2011, we had 302 holders of record of our common
stock.
35
Dividend
Policy
We have
never paid cash dividends on our capital stock and do not anticipate paying cash
dividends in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain
any future earnings for reinvestment in our business. Any future
determination to pay cash dividends will be at the discretion of our board of
directors and will be dependent upon our financial condition, results of
operations, capital requirements and other relevant factors.
Securities
Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
We have
not adopted any equity compensation plans under which any of our equity
securities is authorized for issuance to employees and non-employees in exchange
for goods or services as stock-based compensation. We note that
stock-based compensation, in the form of outright stock grants, has been made to
a number of our executive officers, directors, employees and
consultants. Grants of stock to our executive officers and directors
is disclosed elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Unregistered
Sales of Equity Securities
The
following sets forth certain information concerning securities which were sold
or issued by us within the past three years without the registration of the
securities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”)
in reliance on exemptions from such registration requirements and were not
previously disclosed by us in our prior Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or
Current Reports on Form 8-K.
Between
July 31, and December 31, 2010, we issued an aggregate of 6.44 million shares of
our common stock to a total of eighteen consultants to our Company. We have
valued such shares in the aggregate, for accounting purposes, at
$3,844,400. We believe that the issuances of such 6.44 million shares
are exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended (the “Securities Act”), by reason of the exemption from registration
granted under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act due to the fact that the
issuances of the shares were conducted in a transaction not involving any public
offering.
Effective
September 30, 2010, we sold an aggregate of 274,109 shares of our common stock
to a total of four purchasers in private transactions we conducted in
Germany. We received gross proceeds from such sales totaling
approximately $137,000, and incurred selling commissions and other sale expenses
totaling $55,000, resulting in net proceeds of $82,000. We believe
that the issuances of these 274,109 shares are exempt from the registration
requirements of the Securities Act, by reason of the exemption from registration
granted under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act due to the fact that the
issuance of the shares was conducted in a transaction not involving any public
offering.
Effective
October 31, 2010, we sold an aggregate of 2,199,635 shares of our common stock
to a total of 31 purchasers in private transactions we conducted in
Germany. We received gross proceeds from such sales totaling
approximately $1,100,000, and incurred selling commissions and other sale
expenses totaling $450,000, resulting in net proceeds of $650,000. We
believe that the issuances of these 2,199,635 shares are exempt from the
registration requirements of the Securities Act, by reason of the exemption from
registration granted under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act due to the fact
that the issuance of the shares was conducted in a transaction not involving any
public offering.
36
Effective
September 6, 2010, we issued 5.4 million shares of our common stock to a
consultant as consideration for this consultant entering into a consulting
agreement with our company. Such shares have been valued, for
accounting purposes, at $2,268,000, the fair value of the shares on the
effective date of issuance. We believe that the issuance of these 5.4 million
shares is exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, by
reason of the exemption from registration granted under Section 4(2) of the
Securities Act due to the fact that the issuance of the shares was conducted in
a transaction not involving any public offering.
Effective
September 6, 2010, we issued an additional 5.4 million shares of our common
stock to a second consultant, as consideration for this consultant entering into
a consulting agreement with our company. Such shares have been
valued, for accounting purposes, at $2,268,000, the fair value of the shares on
the effective date of issuance. We believe that the issuance of these 5.4
million shares is exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities
Act, by reason of the exemption from registration granted under Section 4(2) of
the Securities Act due to the fact that the issuance of the shares was conducted
in a transaction not involving any public offering.
Effective
September 21, 2010, we issued 400,000 shares of our common stock to a lender in
lieu of interest on a loan we received in June 2010. The loan has an
outstanding principal amount of $1,195,470, as of January 31, 2011, and was due
on October 31, 2010. We have valued such shares at $172,000 for
accounting purposes. We believe that such issuance is exempt from the
registration requirements of the Securities Act pursuant to the exemption from
registration available under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act due to the fact
that the issuances of these shares were conducted in a transaction not involving
any public offering.
Effective
September 21, 2010, we issued 564,000 shares of our common stock to a second
lender in exchange for the lender’s cancelation of a loan in the principal
amount of $300,000 to one of our subsidiaries. The loan was
originally made in December 2009 and was originally due in May
2010. We believe that the issuance of these 564,000 million
shares is exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, by
reason of the exemption from registration granted under Section 4(2) of the
Securities Act due to the fact that the issuance of the shares was conducted in
a transaction not involving any public offering.
Effective
September 21, 2010, we issued 5.4 million shares of our common stock to a third
consultant in
consideration of the consultant entering into a consultancy agreement with our
company. We have valued these shares for accounting purposes at
$4,644,000. We believe that such issuance is exempt from the registration
requirements of the Securities Act by reason of the exemption from registration
available under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act due to the fact that the
issuance of these shares were conducted in transactions not involving any public
offering.
37
Effective
September 21, 2010, we issued 110,000 shares of our common stock to a third
lender in exchange for the lender’s cancelation of a loan in the principal
amount of $55,000 to one of our subsidiaries. The loan was originally
made in February 2010 and was due in August 2010. We believe that the
issuance of these 110,000 million shares is exempt from the registration
requirements of the Securities Act, by reason of the exemption from registration
granted under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act due to the fact that the
issuance of the shares was conducted in a transaction not involving any public
offering.
Effective
September 21, 2010, we issued 2,430,000 shares of our common stock to a fourth
consultant in consideration of the consultant entering into a consultancy
agreement with our company. We have valued these shares for accounting purposes
at $2,089,800. We believe that such issuance is exempt from the registration
requirements of the Securities Act by reason of the exemption from registration
available under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act due to the fact that the
issuance of these shares was conducted in transactions not involving any public
offering.
Effective
September 22, 2010, we issued of 2 million shares of our common stock to a fifth
consultant, as consideration for this consultant entering into a consulting
agreement with our company. We have valued these shares for accounting purposes
at $1,380,000. We believe that the issuance of these 2 million shares is exempt
from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, by reason of the
exemption from registration granted under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act due
to the fact that the issuance of the shares was conducted in a transaction not
involving any public offering.
Effective
September 26, 2010, we issued 100,000 shares of our common stock to a sixth
consultant of our company in consideration of entering into a consultancy
agreement with the company. We have valued these shares for
accounting purposes at $81,000. We believe that such issuance is exempt from the
registration requirements of the Securities Act by reason of the exemption from
registration available under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act due to the fact
that the issuance of these shares was conducted in transactions not involving
any public offering.
Effective
September 26, 2010, we issued an aggregate of 250,000 shares of our common stock
to a law firm, in consideration of their agreeing to render services to the
Company. We will continue to pay such law firm its normal hourly fees
for services actually performed. We have valued these shares for
accounting purposes at $202,500. We believe that such issuance is
exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 by
reason of the exemption from registration available under Section 4(2) of the
Securities Act due to the fact that the issuance of these shares was conducted
in a transaction not involving any public offering.
Effective
September 26, 2010, we issued an aggregate of 850,000 shares of our common stock
to a seventh consultant. We have valued these shares for accounting purposes at
$688,500. We believe that such issuances are exempt from the registration
requirements of the Securities Act by reason of the exemption from registration
available under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act due to the fact that the
issuance of these shares was conducted in a transaction not involving any public
offering.
38
Effective
October 26, 2010, we issued 376,112 shares of our common stock to an eighth
consultant in lieu of the sales commission fees incurred in connection with our
private sales of our common stock in Germany during the period of July 31,
through October 31, 2010. The sales commission fees totaled
$188,056. We believe that such issuance is exempt from the
registration requirements of the Securities Act by reason of the exemption from
registration available under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act due to the fact
that the issuance of these shares was conducted in transactions not involving
any public offering.
Between
October 31, 2010 and January 31, 2011, we sold an aggregate of 673,046 shares of
our common stock to a total of nine purchasers in private transactions we
conducted in Germany. We received gross proceeds from such sales
totaling approximately $430,000, and incurred selling commissions and other sale
expenses totaling $172,000, resulting in net proceeds of $258,000. We
believe that the issuances of these aggregate 673,046 shares are exempt from the
registration requirements of the Securities Act, by reason of the exemption from
registration granted under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act due to the fact
that the issuance of the shares was conducted in a transaction not involving any
public offering.
Item
6.
|
Selected
Financial Data.
|
This Item
is not applicable to smaller reporting companies.
Item
7.
|
Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations.
|
Introduction
We were
incorporated pursuant to the laws of the State of Nevada on May 2, 2005 under
the name “American Bonanza Corp.” From our incorporation to August
2009, we had been in the business of the acquisition, exploration and
development of natural resource properties. We initially held rights
to one unpatented mineral claim. We conducted an exploration program
related to such claim and, as the results of such program were not promising,
the then management of our company determined it was in the best interests of
our stockholders to abandon the property and actively pursue another property or
business on which to utilize our remaining cash assets.
On August
30, 2009, we entered into a share exchange agreement with Clenergen Corporation
Limited (UK) and the shareholders of Clenergen Limited. Pursuant to
the terms of the share exchange agreement, effective November 4, 2009, we
acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Clenergen Limited in
exchange for the issuance by our company of an aggregate of 13,643,045 shares of
our common stock to the former shareholders of Clenergen
Limited. Prior to entering into the share exchange agreement, on
August 4, 2009, we issued 57,547,968 shares of our common stock to certain
shareholders of Clenergen Limited in consideration for their entering into
consulting agreements with us with respect to then-future consulting services to
be performed by them. As a result of these transactions, the former
Clenergen Limited shareholders acquired a majority of the voting stock of our
company. These related transactions have been accounted for as a
reverse merger, with Clenergen Limited being deemed the acquirer for accounting
purposes. Accordingly, the pre-acquisition financial statements of
Clenergen Limited have become the historical financial statements our
company. Further, theses transactions are being accounted for as the
issuance of common stock by Clenergen Limited for the net monetary assets of our
company, accompanied by a recapitalization to reflect the legally issued and
outstanding shares of the combined companies. Pre-acquisition
stockholders’ equity of Clenergen Limited has been retroactively restated for
the equivalent number of shares of our common stock received by the Clenergen
Limited stockholders in the acquisition, with differences between the par value
of our common stock and Clenergen Limited’s stock recorded as additional paid in
capital.
39
In April
2009, Clenergen Limited had acquired the assets of Rootchange Limited in
exchange for common stock of Clenergen Limited. The inward investment
of Rootchange Limited in the research and development of biofuel and biomass
feedstock between September 2005 and July 2009 was valued at
$4,840,000.
Plan
of Operation
Over the
next twelve months, we plan to expand our existing biomass generating capacity
in India from 19.5 Megawatt (“MW/h”) to 66.8 MW/h. We intend to enter into a
fifteen year lease to operate a 27.3 MW/h cogeneration power plant at
Palayaseevaram Village, Tamilnadu. The power plant is located next to our 18MW/h
plant in Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu, India. At the site of the 1.5 MW/h Anaerobic
Digestion Biomass power plant located in Namakkal, Tamilnadu, intends to upgrade
the plant by adding a 1 MW/h Jenbacher gas turbine engine thus increasing the
capacity to 2.5 MW/h by the third quarter 2011. Likewise, at the same site we
intend to install a 2 MW/h gasification biomass power plant, for which we will
source local agricultural waste as biomass feedstock prior to the cultivation of
our own energy crops. We intend to purchase and/or lease a 15 MW/h
cogeneration power plant located at Palayaseevaram Village, Tamilnadu. The power
plant is located next to our 18MW/h plant in Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu, and uses
bagasse as a source of biomass for generating electricity. The plant is not
currently operational and will need refurbishment work to be completed before it
is re-launched. Yuken India Limited has agreed to install a 4 MW/h gasification
biomass power plant at their new manufacturing facilities in Whitfield,
Karnataka, of which we will own and operate and sell surplus electricity
generated to the State of Karnataka.
We have
an agreement with National Power Corporation in the Philippines to build own and
operate a 2 MW/h gasification power plant on Romblon Island which will be scaled
up to 6MW/h in 2012.
We have
an agreement with Ghana Manganese Company Limited to build own and operate a
2MW/h gasification power plant at their mining site in Tarkwa, Ghana which will
supply electricity directly for their own consumption. In addition, we are
planning two additional 2MW/h gasification power plant installations in Ghana on
behalf of a mining and construction company.
Over the
next twelve months, we anticipate that we will incur the following expenditures,
listed as based on management’s view of current priorities (except for general
and corporate expenditures and working capital, which will be incurred and paid
as needed throughout the twelve-month period):
40
Purpose
|
Amount
|
|||
Deposit
of margin money for loan to consummate acquisition of 18 MW/h power plant
in Kancheepuram, India
|
$ | 3,500,000 | ||
Purchase
of feedstock for 27.3MW/h co-generation power plant in Tamilnadu,
India
|
1,080,000 | |||
Construction
of 4 MW/h gasification power plant at Yuken, Karnataka,
India
|
7,650,000 | |||
Construction
of 2MW/h gasification power plant at Manganese mining operations in
Nsuta-Wassaw, Ghana
|
4,120,000 | |||
Construction
of 2MW/h gasification power plant on Romblon Island,
Philippines
|
4,320,000 | |||
Professional
fees
|
1,250,000 | |||
Construction
of 2MW/h gasification power plant for mining company in Aschanti,
Ghana
|
4,120,000 | |||
Construction
of 2MW/h gasification power plant at construction company operations in
Accra, Ghana
|
4,120,000 | |||
Acquisition
of 1MW/h GE gas engine for Namakkal, India plant
|
450,000 | |||
Construction
of 2MW/h gasification power plant at Namakkal, India
|
4,260,000 | |||
Acquisition
of 15MW/h cogeneraton power plant at Palayaseevaram, Tamilnadu,
India
|
17,400,000 | |||
General
and corporate expenses and working capital
|
5,350,000 | |||
Total
|
$ | 57,620,000 |
The
foregoing list of expenditures and their priorities represent our best estimate
based upon our present plans and certain assumptions regarding economic and
industry conditions and our future revenues and expenditures. If any
of these factors change, we may find it necessary or advisable to reallocate
expenditures and/or re-prioritize some or all of the projects within the above
described categories or to other purposes. Accordingly, there can be
no assurance as to the specific dollar amounts or timing of
expenditures.
We will
need additional funds to meet our working capital requirements over next twelve
months. We anticipate that we will be required to raise additional
funds through private sales of debt and equity securities of our company and
certain of our subsidiaries, as well as a public offering of minority interests
in our Clenergen India Private Limited, to continue operations and execute our
business plan. There is no assurance that the financing will be
completed as planned or at all. If we are not successful in raising
additional funding, we may be forced to curtail or cease some of all of our
operations and/or curtail or elect not to proceed with certain aspects of our
business plan.
41
Purchase
of Significant Equipment
We intend
to purchase a significant amount of equipment over the next twelve months for
the purpose of increasing our generating capacity in India from 19.5MW/h to
66.8/MW/h. and installation of 8MW/h gasification power plants in Philippines
and Ghana. We also will make expenditures in connection with
purchases of n farm equipment and other machinery for approximately 2,800 acre
plantation to supply feedstock for our planned gasification power
plants that we intend to build and commence operating in 2011. We
anticipate raising the funds necessary for such farm equipment and other
machinery through sales of our equity and debt securities. However,
no assurance can be given that we will be able to sell such securities on terms
favorable to us, if at all.
Personnel
Plan
We expect
to significantly increase the number of our employees during our fiscal year
ending October 31, 2011 (our “Fiscal Year 2011”), as we commence operating our
acquired power plants and cultivating our feedstock plantations. We
have in the past, and anticipate continuing in the future to, outsourced
contract employment as needed.
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
There are
no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a
current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial
condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital
expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.
Our
principal capital resources have been obtained through sales of our equity
securities, stockholder and other loans, third-party short term financing and
advances from related parties.
Results
of Operations for the years ended October 31, 2010 and 2009 and the period from
October 27, 2005 (Inception) to October 31, 2010
The
following summary of our results of operations should be read in conjunction
with its audited financial statements for the years ended October 31, 2010 (our
“Fiscal Year 2010”) and 2009 (our “Fiscal Year 2009”) and the period from
October 27, 2005 (Inception) to October 31, 2010 contained elsewhere in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Year Ended October 31,
|
Period from
October 27, 2005
(Inception) to
|
|||||||||||
2010
|
2009
|
October 31, 2010
|
||||||||||
Revenue
|
$ | 216,998 | $ | 0 | $ | 216,998 | ||||||
Operating
loss
|
34,223,631 | 1,072,695 | 39,187,449 | |||||||||
Net
loss
|
34,853,915 | 1,072,695 | 39,817,733 |
42
Revenues
We
commenced generating revenues in October 2010 from the 1.5MW/h anaerobic
digestion power plant in Namakkal, India we are operating under an arrangement
whereby we retain all revenues generated by the plant and are responsible for
all of the maintenance and other costs of the plant. We have entered
into an agreement to acquire this plant and are seeking sufficient funds for the
purchase price. We expect the revenues from this plant to increase
once the repairs have been completed on the gas engines. We also commenced
generating revenues from the 18MW/h biomass power plant in Kancheepuram, India
in November 2010 and expect to operate at 80% PLF during our fiscal year ending
October 31, 2011 (our “Fiscal Year 2011”). We are also operating this
plant under an arrangement whereby we retain all revenues generated by the plant
and are responsible for all of the maintenance and other costs of the
plant. We have entered into an agreement to acquire this plant and
are seeking sufficient funds for the purchase price. We do not
project earning revenue from our operating subsidiaries located in Ghana and
Philippines in our Fiscal Year 2011.
Operating
Expenses
Operating
expenses for our Fiscal Year 2010 and Fiscal Year 2009 and the period from
October 27, 2005 (Inception) to October 31, 2010 are outlined in the table
below:
Year Ended October 31,
|
Period from
October 27, 2005
(Inception) to
|
|||||||||||
2010
|
2009
|
October 31, 2010
|
||||||||||
Research
and development
|
$ | 85,802 | $ | 0 | $ | 2,360,845 | ||||||
General
and administrative
|
34,022,250 | 1,072,695 | 36,711,295 |
The
increase in operating expenses for our Fiscal Year 2010, as compared to
operating expenses incurred during our Fiscal Year 2009, primarily was due to
the preparations for and commencement of our operations in India. We hired
additional staff and management to operate the 1.5MW/h anaerobic digestion power
plant in Namakkal, India in order to operate and maintain the
facility. We incurred costs in repairing the power plant and,
initially, were not able to operate and generate electricity for more than four
hours a day due to mechanical problems associated with the gas
engines. The plant was not operational during August and September
2010. We hired additional staff and management to operate the 18MW/h biomass
power plant in Kancheepuram, India. We incurred costs in repairing the power
plant and had to close the plant down for the month of October
2010. In April 2010, we retained four consultants in Ghana to develop
projects with the mining companies and the government. In November 2009, we
retained three consultants in the Philippines to conduct feasibility studies for
supplying off-grid electricity on certain islands to a number of mining
companies. Additional office staff also were retained in the Philippines in
April 2010. Significant legal costs and professional fees was incurred during
the fiscal year as a result of the SEC reporting requirements and public
filings. We incurred significant marketing costs and commission fees in
connection with our sales of securities in Germany.
43
Liquidity
and Financial Condition
Cash
Flows
Year Ended October 31,
|
Increase/
|
|||||||||||
2010
|
2009
|
Decrease
|
||||||||||
Net
Cash Used in Operating Activities
|
$ | (3,732,388 | ) | $ | (899,125 | ) | $ | 2,833,263 | ||||
Net
Cash Provided by Financing Activities
|
6,102,246 | 941,550 | (5,160,696 | ) | ||||||||
Net
Cash Used in Investing Activities
|
(1,806,672 | ) | (14,041 | ) | 1,792,631 | |||||||
Effect
of Exchange Rate on Cash
|
(172,156 | ) | (26,924 | ) | 145,232 | |||||||
Net
Increase in Cash
|
$ | 391,030 | $ | 1,459 | $ | (389,570 | ) |
Net cash
used in operating activities increased by $2,833,263 as a result of additional
expenses related to operations, research and development, consulting, travel,
and legal and professional fees.
The
increase in net cash used in investing activities reflects a move from being a
pure development stage company towards becoming an operating
company.
The
increase in financing activities reflects the increase with loans and sales of
our securities to support our growth and for working capital
purposes.
The
effect of the exchange rate adjustment is an increase of $172,156 from October
31, 2009 to October 31, 2010. This increase reflects the differences
in the exchange rates from period to period and the adjustments related to the
Company’s functional currency(s) versus its reporting currency.
As of
October 31, 2010, our total assets were $2,410,924 and our total liabilities
were $5,287,153 and we had a stockholders’ deficit of $2,876,229. Our
stockholders’ deficit as of October 31, 2009 was $488,358. Our
financial statements report a net loss of $34,853,915 for the year ended October
31, 2010, a net loss of $1,072,695 for the year ended October 31, 2009 and a net
loss of $39,817,733 for the period from October 27, 2005 (date of inception) to
October 31, 2010.
We have
suffered recurring losses from operations. The continuation of our
company is dependent upon our company attaining and maintaining profitable
operations and raising additional capital as needed. In this regard
we have raised additional capital through equity offerings and loan
transactions.
Share
Issuances
During
our Fiscal Year 2010, we issued a total of 40,032,500 shares to employees and
consultants resulting in a share-based compensation charge totaling
approximately $23.79 million.
44
During
our Fiscal Year 2009, we issued a total of 6,082,500 shares to employees and
consultants resulting in a share-based compensation charge totaling
approximately $5.38 million.
Critical
Accounting Policies
Principles
of Consolidation
The
consolidated financial statements of our company include the historical accounts
of Clenergen Limited and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Clenergen India Private
Limited (“Clenergen India”) and Clenergen Corporation Administrative Services
Limited (“Clenergen Administrative”). All significant intercompany
balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Income
taxes
Income
taxes are accounted for under the liability method. Deferred tax
assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences
attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of
existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating
loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and
liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable
income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be
recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and
liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that
includes the enactment date.
Research
and development
Research
and development costs are charged to operations as incurred and include direct
costs of research scientists and materials and an allocation of other core
scientific services.
Use
of estimates
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”), requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at
the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ
from those estimates.
Foreign
Currency Translation
Our
assets and liabilities have been translated using the exchange rate at the
balance sheet date. The weighted average exchange rate for the period
has been used to translate expenses. Translation adjustments are
reported separately and accumulated in a separate component of equity
(comprehensive income (loss)).
45
Comprehensive
income (loss)
Other
comprehensive income refers to revenues, expenses, gains and losses that under
US GAAP are included in comprehensive income but are excluded from net loss as
these amounts are recorded directly as an adjustment to stockholders’ equity.
Our other comprehensive income is comprised of foreign currency translation
adjustments. Comprehensive income is reported in our consolidated statements of
stockholders’ deficiency.
Item.
7A.
|
Quantitive
and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk.
|
This Item
is not applicable to smaller reporting companies.
Item
8.
|
Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data.
|
We set
forth below a list of our audited financial statements included as part of this
Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item
|
Page*
|
|
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
F-1
|
|
Consolidated
Balance Sheets at October 31, 2010 and 2009
|
F-2
|
|
Consolidated
Statements of Operations for the Years Ended October 31, 2010 and
2009
|
||
and
from October 27, 2005 (inception) to October 31, 2010
|
F-3
|
|
Consolidated
Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficiency for the Years
Ended
|
||
October
31, 2010 and 2009 and from October 27, 2005 (inception) to October 31,
2010
|
F-4
|
|
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended October 31, 2010 and
2009
|
||
and
from October 27, 2005 (inception) to October 31, 2010
|
F-5
|
|
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
F-6
|
*
|
Page
F-1 follows page 64 to this Annual Report on Form
10-K.
|
Item
9.
|
Changes
In and Disagreements with Accountants on Financial
Disclosure.
|
On
November 18, 2009, we engaged Holtz Rubenstein Reminick LLP (“Holtz Rubenstein”)
as our principal independent accountants with the approval of our board of
directors. Holtz Rubenstein has audited our financial statements at
and for our fiscal years ended October 31, 2010 and 2009. The
independent registered public accounting firm that previously audited our
financial statements was Chang G. Park, CPA. Our change of auditors
and retention of Holtz Rubenstein was the subject of a Current Report on Form
8-K (Date of Event: November 5, 2009) that we filed with the SEC on November 23,
2009.
46
Item
9A.
|
Controls
and Procedures.
|
Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our
management has conducted an evaluation, with the participation of our principal
executive and principal financial officers, of the effectiveness of our
disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) as of the end of
the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based upon that
evaluation, our principal executive and principal financial officer have
concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not sufficiently
effective in reporting, on a timely basis, information required to be disclosed
by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act.
We
believe that, during Fiscal Year 2010, our disclosure controls and procedures
were significantly strengthened from those in place at the beginning of the
fiscal year. Our board of directors now includes three persons with accounting
experience, Mike Starkie, Sanil Kumar and Tim Bowen, and we retained two other
accountants with significant industry experience as part of our board’s effort
to strengthen our financial and accounting team, which should result in improved
disclosure controls and procedures.
In
October 2010, we commenced business operations and began generating
revenues. Monthly management reporting initiatives are now being put
in place to allow our executives to more closely monitor the operational
activities of our company.
While our
disclosure controls and procedures have improved, we believe there is room for
further improvement subject to funding becoming available to recruit additional
staff. Management is currently evaluating the situation with a view to making
further improvements during our Fiscal Year 2011.
Management’s
Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our
management is responsible for the preparation of our financial statements and
related information. Our management uses its best judgment to ensure
that the financial statements present fairly, in material respects, our
financial position and results of operations in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles.
Our
management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal
control over financial reporting. Under the supervision of
management, including our chief executive officer and then-chief financial
officer, our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our
internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal
Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission published in 1992 and subsequent
guidance prepared by the Commission specifically for smaller public
companies. Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that
our internal control over financial reporting were not effective as of October
31, 2010. Such ineffectiveness was due to deficiencies that existed
in the design or operation of our internal controls over financial reporting
that adversely affected our internal controls and that may be considered to be
material weaknesses.
47
The
matters involving internal controls and procedures that our management
considered to be material weaknesses under the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board were:
•
|
lack
of a functioning audit committee due to a lack of a majority of
independent members and a lack of a majority of outside directors on our
board of directors, resulting in ineffective oversight in the
establishment and monitoring of required internal controls and
procedures;
|
•
|
inadequate
segregation of duties consistent with control objectives;
and
|
•
|
ineffective
controls over period end financial disclosure and reporting
processes.
|
Our
management believes that the material weaknesses noted in latter two items above
did not have an effect on our financial results. However, our
management believes that the lack of a functioning audit committee and the lack
of a majority of outside directors on our board of directors results in
ineffective oversight in the establishment and monitoring of required internal
controls and procedures, which could result in a material misstatement in our
financial statements in future periods.
Our
internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that
pertain to the maintenance of records that accurately and fairly reflect, in
reasonable detail, transactions and dispositions of assets; and provide
reasonable assurances that:
•
|
transactions
are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States;
|
•
|
receipts
and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of
management and the directors of our Company;
and
|
•
|
unauthorized
acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material
effect on our financial statements are prevented or timely
detected.
|
All
internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent
limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective
can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement
preparation and presentation. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
This
annual report does not include an attestation report of our registered
independent public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial
reporting. Pursuant to SEC rules, a management’s report on our
internal control over financial report was not subject to attestation by our
registered public accounting firm
Changes
in Internal Controls
We did
not make any changes in our internal controls over the financial reporting and
disclosure controls and procedures in the fourth quarter of our Fiscal Year
2010. As noted above, we have added directors and staff with
experience in financial reporting and accounting matters and are in the process
of evaluating possible solutions to the material weaknesses to our internal
controls and procedures which have been identified. We intend to
disclosure any new controls and procedures or changes to current controls and
procedures as they are implemented.
48
Item
9B.
|
Other
Information.
|
None.
49
PART
III
Item10.
|
Directors
and Executive Officers.
|
The
following individuals currently serve as our directors, executive officers and
key employees. All directors of our company hold office until the
next annual meeting of our shareholders or until their successors have been
elected and qualified. The executive officers of our company are
appointed by our board of directors and hold office until their death,
resignation or removal from office.
Name
|
Principal Positions Held with the Company
|
Age
|
Date First Elected
to Board of
Directors
|
|||
Mark
Quinn
|
Executive
Chairman of the Board of Directors
|
50
|
March
16, 2009
|
|||
Tim
Bowen
|
Chief
Executive Officer and Director
|
46
|
October
29, 2010
|
|||
Mike
Starkie
|
President,
Acting Chief Financial Officer and Director
|
64
|
October
29, 2010
|
|||
Jessica
Hatfield
|
Executive
Vice President and Director
|
52
|
March
16, 2009
|
|||
David
Sonnenberg
|
Director
|
59
|
November
5, 2009
|
|||
Sanil
Kumar MB
|
Director
|
49
|
March
26, 2010
|
The
following is a brief account of the education and business experience during at
least the past five years of each director, executive officer and key employee
of our company, indicating the person’s principal occupation during that period,
and the name and principal business of the organization in which such occupation
and employment were carried out.
Mark
L.M. Quinn, Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors
Mark has
extensive international business experience in South East Asia (particularly in
India and the Philippines), Russia, Middle East and Africa. Mark has
negotiated a number of commercial contracts with government agencies in those
regions. From 2003 to 2005, Mark worked with David Sonnenberg, one of
our directors, and founded D1 Oils PLC (“D1”), developing D1 into a global
market leader in biodiesel fuel. Mark and the other founders of D1
successfully listed the company on the Alternative Investment Market in October
2004, raising £30 million in funding over the course of the first
year. Mark has established agronomy programs within both the public
and private sectors throughout India, Africa, Thailand and South East Asia, for
the development of sustainable supplies of vegetable oils and worked closely
with Governments to promote and gain acceptance of biodiesel as an alternative
and renewable energy resource. In September 2005, Mark became the
Managing Director of Enhanced Biofuels & Technologies Limited and developed
a marketing program for the introduction of a renewable emulsified diesel fuel
(RED), in conjunction with the development of a sustainable supply chain of
crude vegetable oil from Eastern Europe and Russia. Working in
conjunction with the Saudi offset accreditation program and the international
carbon trading market to support the sale of renewable fuel and technology
produced in Saudi Arabia. He also set up laboratory facilities in
India for research and development of Algae Biomass as a viable source of non
edible vegetable oils for use in the production of biofuels. In
November 2008, Mark entered into a partnership arrangement with Jessica Hatfield
and formed Rootchange Limited (previously named MGS Development Company)
(“Rootchange”) which acquired all of the assets of Enhanced Biofuels and
Technologies Limited. In March 2009, the assets of Rootchange were
acquired by Clenergen Limited and Mark became Clenergen Limited’s Chief
Executive Officer. We acquired Clenergen Limited in November
2009.
50
Tim
Bowen, Chief Executive Officer and Director
Tim has
significant experience in driving growth companies to increase shareholder
value. Tim was the Chief Financial Officer of Greenko Group plc (AIM: GKO.L) a
developer /owner / operator of renewable energy biomass, hydro and wind assets
in India. As CFO, Tim was responsible for overseeing Greenko’s pre-IPO funding,
as well as its successful AIM IPO in November 2007, 23 months after
incorporation. Greenko now has a market capitalization of circa $360 million and
is on track to delivering upon its stated target of delivering 1,000MW of power
by 2015. Most recently Tim was CEO and joint founder of a Ukrainian based
CleanTech Company, Sunfuel, which specializes in converting low value or waste
streams into various forms of bioenergy. Previously, Tim played a
leading role in three other public companies. This includes being joint COO /
CFO Tim for AIM quoted IDOX plc, a leading software and services provider to a
UK local authority marketplace. He was instrumental in its successful AIM
flotation in 2000 and subsequently led a number of secondary fundraisings and
acquisitions.
Jessica
Hatfield, Executive Vice President and Director
From 1994
to 2004, Jessica Hatfield was Chief Executive Officer of The Media Vehicle, a
company she founded that provided advertising alternatives to traditional above
the line media. She grew the company from a startup to a global brand
which she subsequently sold a 30% stake to Clearchannel
International. In 2005, she became Chief Executive Officer and the
co-founder of STARO (Save the Amazon Rainforest Organization), which she
operated on a full time basis to October 2008. In 2008, Jessica was
elected to the United Nations Environmental Program Who’s Who in “Women and the
Environment,” recognizing her work in the field of Amazon Rainforest
conservation. In November 2008, Jessica joined Rootchange as a
partner. In March 2009, the assets of Rootchange were acquired by
Clenergen Limited. We acquired Clenergen Limited in November
2009.
Mike
Starkie, President, Acting Chief Financial Officer and Director
Mike was
formerly the Group Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer of BP Plc, a role
to which he was appointed in 1994. As Group Vice President and Chief Accounting
Officer, Mike played a leading role in BP’s mergers and acquisitions. He was
responsible for the Group’s financial statements (including US corporate) and
for the Group’s US SEC filings (e.g., Forms 20-F and 6-K), compliance with other
financial reporting requirements. Mike sits on several intergovernmental and
institutional boards acting as professional advisor and chair. His expertise is
used on the CBI Financial Reporting panel of which he is Chairman and also in
advising the European Commission on the adoption of International Reporting
Standards and Interpretations on the European Financial Reporting Advisory Group
(EFRAG) and the Technical Expert Group. Mike retired from BP in December
2009.
51
David
Sonnenberg, Director
David
currently is Executive Director of Energy Technologies Limited, a South African
company formed in January 2007 that is exploiting the potential of agricultural
waste to produce renewable and sustainable electricity. He has a
technical background from Wits Technicon (SA), where he graduated as an
industrial designer, specializing in factory management, design, marketing
management and production supply chain. David was Director of D1 Oil
Plc from January 2003 to October 2004 and responsible for the agronomy
development of Jatropha as a non-edible feedstock for the processing and
production of biodiesel. David provided consulting services to D1
Oils plc from October 2004 to December 2006. During this period he
also consulted for Helius Energy Plc, another biomass power generator, and
became one of their largest shareholders prior to such company’s listing on the
AIM in 2007.
Sanil
Kumar MB, Director
MB Sanil
Kumar is the Managing Partner of Kumar Biju Associates a leading firm of
accountants based in India and the Middle East. He was enrolled as a member of
the ICAI in 1989 and has over 20 years experience in the accountant and
management consultant professions. Mr. Kumar works with an extensive portfolio
of corporate and multinational clients across a wide range of industries as well
as the government and public sectors. He was part of a technical team to assist
the state government of Kerala in India to set up the Horticultural Development
Program of the European Economic Community and also the World Bank assisted
Kerala Urban Development Program. He has worked extensively with commercial
banks and other financial institutions in funding applications. He had also
assisted the Department of Tourism, Govt. of Kerala for development of tourism
projects; Mr. Kumar serves on the boards of several Indian companies whilst
being both a member of the International Red Cross and the Rotary.
Board
of Advisors
We have
established a Board of Advisors to assist our board of directors and executive
officers on an “as needed” consulting basis. Set forth below are the
names and backgrounds of the members of our board of advisors.
Dr.
N. Barathi, Biotechnology Science Advisor (Member Indian National Bamboo
Mission)
Dr. N.
Barathi, an agriculture scientist with 25 years of experience in plant
propagation by tissue culture and cultivation of plants. After ten years of
research, he identified a Bamboo clone for energy crop plantations and
standardized agronomical management and agriculture inputs to maximize the
biomass yield. Recognizing the contribution made by Dr. Barathi in
bamboo cultivation, he was nominated in February 2003 as “Member and Advisor” in
the Bamboo Steering Committee of Gujarat and Tamil Nadu Government and currently
is serving as “Bamboo Technical Expert” for Tripura Bamboo Mission and “Member”
in the Tamil Nadu State Forest Advisory Committee for Research. Dr.
Barathi is a founding director of Growmore Biotech Ltd., which is certified by
the Indian federal government’s Department of Biotechnology, and is accredited
by AQIS, Australia. We have been advised that Growmore Biotech is a
technology partner for the Indian government’s National Mission on Bamboo
Applications, a corporate member of the Indian National Academy of Biological
Sciences and is an affiliated member of International Network for Bamboo and
Rattan of the Republic of China. We understand that Growmore Biotech Ltd is the
only propagator of tropical energy bamboo in the world.
52
Dr.
Muthuchelian, Ph.D D.Sc. FIEF (Canada) Chief Scientific Advisor-Biomass Energy
Crops
Dr. K.
Muthuchelian was appointed the Vice Chancellor of the Periyar University of
Salem, Tamilnadu, India, in October 2010. Prior to such appointment, he was the
Director for Biodiversity and Forest Studies (March 2002 to October 2010) and a
professor and head of the School of Energy, Environment and National Resources
at Madura, Kamaran University. Professor Muthuchelian was named as Fellow of
International Energy Foundation by International Energy Foundation,
Saskatchewan, Canada in 2005; and elected as Fellow of National Academy of
Biological Sciences by National Academy of Biological Sciences, India. Professor
Muthuchelian was awarded a D.Sc. degree by Madurai Kamaran University in
2008.
Edward
Osei Nsenkyire, Climate Change Advisor
Mr.
Nsenkyire’s career spans over 38 years mostly in the public sector provides a
vital link between the public and private sector in West Africa. He served, from
2002 to 2008, as the Chief Director of the Ministry of Environment, Science and
Technology in Ghana. Recently, Mr. Nsenkyire acted as the Chairman of the Ghana
National Climate Change Committee and Chief Spokesperson for the Government of
Ghana at the recent Copenhagen Summit. He was, from 2008 to 2010, the Chairman
of the Forestry Commission Board in Ghana.
Audit
Committee and Audit Committee Financial Expert
We
created an audit committee of our board of directors on May 11, 2010. The
committee is comprised of Tim Bowen and Mike Starkie. The committee has adopted
a charter, a copy of which has been made Exhibit 99.1 to this Annual Report on
Form 10-K. The audit committee members have determined that Mr.
Starkie would qualify as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in
Item 407 (d) (5)(ii) of Regulation S-K, but for the fact that he serves as
president of our company. Messrs. Bowen and Starkie would not qualify
as “independent” audit committee members under SEC and major stock exchange
rules due to their executive officer positions with our company. Our
board of directors believes that the members of our board are collectively
capable of analyzing and evaluating our financial statements and understanding
internal controls and procedures for financial reporting.
Board
Meetings
Our board
of directors held four formal meetings during our Fiscal Year
2010. All of our directors attended at least 75% of such board
meetings. In addition, our board acted by unanimous written consents
on two occasions. Our audit committee held two formal meetings in our
Fiscal Year 2010, at which all committee members attended at least 75% of such
committee meetings.
Family
Relationships
There are
no family relationships among our directors or executive
officers.
53
Committees
of the Board of Directors
Our board
of directors has not established standing, nominating or compensation
committees, or committees performing similar functions, to assist it in the
discharge of the board’s duties.
Section
16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section
16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requires officers, directors and
persons who own more than 10% of a registered class of equity securities of a
company with a class of equity securities registered under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), to file reports of
ownership and changes in ownership with the SEC. We currently do not
have any class of equity securities registered under the Exchange
Act. Accordingly, no reports were required to be filed with the SEC
under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act with respect to ownership of our equity
securities.
Code
of Ethics
A Code of
Ethics was adopted by our board on October 29, 2010. A copy of such
Code of Ethics has been made Exhibit 14.1 to this Annual Report on Form
10-K.
Item
11.
|
Executive
Compensation.
|
The
following table sets forth, with respect to our Fiscal Year 2010 and Fiscal Year
2009, all compensation earned by all persons who served as our chief executive
officer or chief financial officer at any time during our Fiscal Year 2010 and
all other persons who were serving as an executive officer of our company as of
the close of business on October 31, 2010 whose total annual salary and bonus
earned during our fiscal year ended October 31, 2010 exceeded
$100,000. None of the persons listed in the following table have ever
received a grant of an option to purchase shares of our common
stock.
Summary
Compensation Table
Annual Compensation
|
||||||||||||||
Name and Title
|
Fiscal Year
Ended
October 31,
|
Salary
|
Bonus
|
Other
Compensation
|
||||||||||
Mark
Quinn, Chairman of the
|
2010
|
$ | 49,045 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | |||||||
Board
(1)
|
2009
|
0 | 0 | 0 | (2) | |||||||||
Tim
Bowen, Chief Executive
|
2010
|
$ | 37,056 | $ | 0 | $ | 3,850,000 | |||||||
Officer
(3)
|
2009
|
N/A | N/A | N/A |
(1)
|
Mr.
Quinn was appointed as our president, chief executive officer, chief
financial officer and director on March 16, 2009. Mr. Quinn
resigned as our president and chief financial officer on August 30,
2009. Mr. Quinn was appointed chairman of our board of
directors on June 1, 2010.
|
54
(2)
|
Does
not include the 760 shares of common stock Mr. Quinn held in
Clenergen Limited which were exchanged for shares of our common stock
under the terms of the share exchange agreement of August
2009.
|
(3)
|
Mr.
Bowen was appointed our chief executive officer on June 1,
2010.
|
Option
Grants to Named Executive Officers
We did
not grant any options to any of our named executive officers listed in the
Summary Compensation Table during our Fiscal Year 2010, nor during any previous
period.
Pension
Benefits
We did
not have in place during our 2010 Fiscal Year, nor for any previous period, any
plan or arrangement that provides for payments or other benefits at, following
or in connection with the retirement or any of our named executive officers
listed in the Summary Compensation Table.
Employment
and Consulting Agreements
On August
29, 2009, we entered into a consulting agreement with Jessica Hatfield, our
executive vice president. Under this agreement, Ms. Hatfield agreed
to:
•
|
Assume
the positions of executive vice president and
director;
|
•
|
Manage
and operate The Clenergen
Foundation;
|
•
|
Appoint
a public relations company, act as the liason between the public relations
company and us;
|
•
|
Assist
the chairman and chief executive officer in preparation for all board
meetings; and
|
•
|
Promote
the products and services of our company to mining companies and large
end-users located in Central and Southern America, Africa and
India.
|
As
compensation for agreeing to perform such services, Jessica Hatfield received
15,799,984 shares of common stock and is entitled to receive monthly
compensation of £3,500. In November 2010, we increased Ms. Hatfield’s
monthly compensation to £5,000.
On August
29, 2009 we entered into a consulting agreement with Mark Quinn, the chairman of
our board of directors. Under this agreement, Mr. Quinn agreed to:
•
|
Act
as our chief executive officer;
|
•
|
Oversee
the hiring and training of senior
management;
|
•
|
Establish
subsidiary companies in various countries in which we have or plan
business operations;
|
•
|
Interact
with the stock markets and attend press conferences on behalf of our
company; and
|
•
|
Supervise
our compliance with audit and SEC compliance rules and
regulations.
|
As
compensation for agreeing to provide such services, Mark Quinn received
15,849,984 shares of our common stock and is entitled to receive monthly
compensation of £3,500. In November 2010, we increased Mr. Quinn’s
monthly compensation to £5,000.
On August
29, 2009, we entered into a consulting agreement with David Sonnenberg, a
director of our company. Under this agreement, Mr. Sonnenberg agreed
to:
55
•
|
Provide
to us consulting services pertaining to gasification technology,
fermentation processes and combined duel gas
processes;
|
•
|
Evaluate
our feedstock and its calorific values/application in the gasification
processes;
|
•
|
Supply
technical due diligence materials to various institutions and investment
banks with regards to gasification and combustion steam
systems;
|
•
|
Oversee
the manufacturing of our gasification equipment with key suppliers located
in South Africa;
|
As
compensation for agreeing to perform such services, David Sonnenberg received
750,000 shares of our common stock and is entitled to receive monthly
compensation of £1,000.
On
January 1, 2010 we entered into a consulting agreement with Mike Starkie, our
president and acting chief financial officer. Under this agreement, Mr. Starkie
agreed to:
•
|
Assist
in the development of our business strategy and to evaluate the
effectiveness of such strategy and provide suggestion for
improvement;
|
•
|
Evaluate
the performance of management in meeting agreed goals and objectives and
monitor the reporting of
performance;
|
•
|
Assist
in assuring that our financial information is accurate and that financial
controls and systems of risk management are
appropriate;
|
•
|
Assist
in the determination of the appropriate levels of remuneration of
personnel and have a primary role in appointing and, when necessary,
removing senior management and in succession
planning;
|
•
|
Provide
entrepreneurial leadership for the Company within a framework of prudent
and effective controls which enable risk to be assessed and
managed;
|
•
|
Establish
a set of corporate values and standards;
and
|
•
|
Serve
on one or more of committees of our board of directors where his
experience can be leveraged upon.
|
As
compensation for agreeing to provide such services, Mike Starkie received
2,000,000 shares of our common stock and is entitled to receive monthly
compensation of £3,500.
On March
26, 2010, we entered into a consulting agreement with Mr. Sanil Kumar, a
director of our company. Under this agreement, Mr. Kumar agreed to:
•
|
Assist
in the development of our business strategy and to evaluate the
effectiveness of such strategy and provide suggestions for
improvement;
|
•
|
Evaluate
the performance of management in meeting agreed goals and objectives and
monitor the reporting of
performance;
|
•
|
Assist
in assuring that our financial information is accurate and that financial
controls and systems of risk management are
appropriate;
|
•
|
Assist
in the determination of the appropriate levels of remuneration of
personnel and have a primary role in appointing and, when necessary,
removing senior management and in succession
planning;
|
•
|
Provide
entrepreneurial leadership for the Company within a framework of prudent
and effective controls which enable risk to be assessed and
managed;
|
•
|
Establish
a set of corporate values and standards;
and
|
•
|
Serve
on one or more of committees of our board of directors where his
experience can be leveraged
upon.
|
56
As
compensation for agreeing to provide such services, Sanil Kumar received 500,000
shares of our common stock and is entitled to receive monthly compensation of
£1,000.
On March
30, 2010, we reached agreement with Tim J.E. Bowen, our chief executive officer,
and certain of his affiliates, with respect to compensation payable to Mr. Bowen
or his affiliates in connection with services performed or to be performed by
Mr. Bowen and/or his affiliates on our behalf.
Under our
agreement with Tim Bowen, effective July 30, 2010, we issued to Stew Investment
Management Limited (“SIML”), as Mr. Bowen’s designee, a total of 7 million
shares of our common stock as consideration for Mr. Bowen having agreed to
provide our company with international strategic and operational management
consulting services and for his being retained as one of our executive officers
(as chief operating officer in April 2010 and as chief executive officer in June
2010). It had been originally contemplated when Mr. Bowen was
solicited to join our company, that Mr. Bowen would acquire, for nominal
consideration, 3 million shares of our common stock from two of our principal
stockholders, executive officers and directors.
SIML was
also entitled under such July 30, 2010 agreement, to purchase, for aggregate
consideration of ₤175,000, an additional 3 million shares of our common stock if
certain milestones related to the services Mr. Bowen provides to our company
were met, such milestones to be mutually agreed upon by Mr. Bowen and our
company as soon as possible following the signing of the agreement, with such
shares being issued only upon such milestones being met. SIML
irrevocably paid us the sum of ₤175,000 in July 2010 and such amount was to be
retained by us regardless of whether the milestones are met and/or such 3
million shares were issued to Mr. Bowen. We never formally agreed
with Mr. Bowen and SIML on the specific milestones, but believed that, with Mr.
Bowen’s assistance, as of October 26, 2010, we obtained the operational and
financial status that would have been the goal contemplated by any milestones we
would have agreed to with Mr. Bowen. Accordingly, effective
October 26, 2010, we issued the 3 million shares to SIML
In April
2010, we also agreed with Mr. Bowen that, until such time as we can pay him
market-rate compensation directly, we would pay to another affiliate of Mr.
Bowen, Bowen Financial Management Limited (“BFML”), ₤3,500 per month as
consideration for BFML making Mr. Bowen available to provide us with management
and financial advisory consulting services. We had been paying BFML
₤3,500 per month since April 7, 2010, the date Mr. Bowen began providing us with
his management and financial advisory services. In November 2010, we
increased the monthly amount being paid BFML to £5,000.
Director
Compensation
We
currently do not compensate our directors for serving in such
capacity. However, certain of our current directors received shares
of our common stock as compensation for agreeing to provide consulting and other
services to our company and are currently receiving monthly compensation as set
forth in the Employment and Consulting Agreement sub-section
above.
57
Item
12.
|
Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters.
|
Our
common stock is the only class of our voting securities presently
outstanding.
The
following table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial ownership
of shares of our common stock, as of February 8, 2010, by:
•
|
each
person known by us to beneficially own 5% or more of the outstanding
shares of such class of stock, based on filings with the Securities and
Exchange Commission and certain other
information,
|
•
|
each
of our current “named executive officers” and directors,
and
|
•
|
all
of our current executive officers and directors as a
group.
|
Beneficial
ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and includes
voting and investment power. In addition, under SEC rules, a person
is deemed to be the beneficial owner of securities which may be acquired by such
person upon the exercise of options and warrants or the conversion of
convertible securities within 60 days from the date on which beneficial
ownership is to be determined.
Name and Address of Stockholder (1)
|
Amount and Nature
of Beneficial
Ownership
|
Percentage
of Class
|
||||||
Mark
Quinn (2)
|
15,849,744 | 11.1 | % | |||||
Tim
Bowen (3)
|
10,000,000 | (4) | 7.0 | |||||
Jessica
Hatfield (5)
|
15,799,744 | 11.1 | ||||||
David
Sonnenberg (6)
|
750,000 | 0.5 | ||||||
Mike
Starkie (7)
|
2,000,000 | 1.4 | ||||||
Sanil
Kumar (8)
|
2,100,000 | 1.5 | ||||||
All
directors and executive officers as a group (six persons)
|
49,499,488 | 34.8 | ||||||
V.
Ravikanth (9)
|
7,600,000 | 5.3 |
(1)
|
Unless
otherwise indicated, the address for each of the stockholders listed in
the table is c/o Clenergen Corporation, Bath House, 8 Chapel Place, London
United Kingdom EC2A 3DQ.
|
(2)
|
Mr.
Quinn is our chairman of the board of directors and our principal
executive officer.
|
(3)
|
Mr.
Bowen is our chief executive officer and a member of our board of
directors.)
|
(4)
|
Represents
shares of our common stock owned by Stew Investments Management Limited,
which shares may be deemed beneficially owned by Mr.
Bowen.
|
(5)
|
Ms.
Hatfield is our executive vice president and a member of our board of
directors.
|
(6)
|
Mr.
Sonnenberg is a member of our board of
directors.
|
(7)
|
Mr.
Starkie is our president and acting chief financial officer, as well as a
member of our board of directors.
|
(8)
|
Mr.
Kumar is a member of our board of
directors.
|
(9)
|
Mr.
Ravikanth also serves as president of our Clenergen India
subsidiary.
|
58
Item
13.
|
Certain
Relationships and Related
Transactions.
|
There
have been no transactions or proposed transactions in which the amount involved
exceeds the lesser of $120,000, or 1% of the average of our total assets at
October 31, 2010 and 2009, in which any of our directors, executive officers or
beneficial holders of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our common
stock, or any of their respective relatives, spouses, associates or affiliates,
has had or will have any direct or material indirect interest, other
than:
•
|
Mark
Quinn and Jessica Hatfield are each 50% shareholders of Rootchange
Limited. Rootchange Limited was acquired by Clenergen Limited
in April 2009 in exchange for 5,865,775 shares of our common
stock.
|
•
|
We
have entered into consulting agreements with our executive officers and
directors. In exchange for entering into such agreements the executive
officers received shares of our common stock and are receiving monthly
compensation (listed in contract-designated currency) as
follows:
|
Name of Executive Officer/Director
|
Date of
Agreement
|
Number of
Shares Received
|
Monthly
Compensation
|
|||||||
Mark
Quinn
|
August
29, 2009
|
15,849,744 | £ | 3,500 | ||||||
Jessica
Hatfield
|
August
29, 2009
|
15,799,744 | £ | 3,500 | ||||||
Robert
Kohn (1)
|
August
29, 2009
|
3,000,000 | £ | 3,500 | ||||||
David
Sonnenberg
|
August
29, 2009
|
750,000 | £ | 1,000 | ||||||
Mike
Starkie
|
January
1, 2010
|
2,000,000 | £ | 3,500 | ||||||
Sanil
Kumar
|
March
26, 2010
|
500,000 | £ | 1,000 | ||||||
Tim
Bowen
|
March
31, 2010
|
10,000,000 | £ | 3,500 | ||||||
Dr
Arvind Pandalai
|
August
29, 2009
|
5,000,000 | £ | 3,500 |
(1) Mr.
Kohn resigned as a director of our company on January 26, 2011.
Item
14.
|
Principal
Accounting Fees and Services.
|
The
following table sets forth the fees billed by our independent accountants for
our Fiscal Years ended October 31, 2010 and 2009 for the categories of services
indicated.
Fiscal Year Ended October 31,
|
||||||||
2010
|
2009
|
|||||||
Audit
fees (1)
|
$ | 118,600 | $ | 9,000 | ||||
Audit-related
fees (2)
|
8,000 | 0 | ||||||
Tax
fees (3)
|
0 | 0 | ||||||
All
Other Fees (4)
|
0 | 0 |
(1)
|
Consists
of fees billed for the audit of our annual financial statements, review of
financial statements included in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-QSB and
services that are normally provided by the accountant in connection with
statutory and regulatory filings or
engagements.
|
59
(2)
|
Consists
of assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the
performance of the audit and reviews of our financial statements and are
not included in “audit fees” in this
table.
|
(3)
|
Consists
of professional services rendered for tax compliance, tax advice and tax
planning. The nature of these tax services is tax
preparation.
|
(4)
|
Fees
incurred in connection with reverse acquisition
audits.
|
Pre-Approval
Policy
In
addition to retaining Holtz Rubinstein Reminick, LLP (“Holtz Rubenstein”) to
audit our consolidated financial statements for our Fiscal Year 2010, we
retained Holtz Rubenstein to provide other audit related services to us in our
Fiscal Year 2010. We understand the need for Holtz Rubenstein to
maintain objectivity and independence in its audit of our financial
statements. To minimize relationships that could appear to impair the
objectivity of Holtz Rubenstein, our board of directors has restricted the
non-audit services that Holtz Rubenstein may provide to us and has determined
that we would obtain even these non-audit services from Holtz Rubenstein only
when the services offered by Holtz Rubenstein are more effective or economical
than services available from other service providers.
Our board
of directors has adopted policies and procedures for pre-approving all non-audit
work performed by Holtz Rubenstein or any other accounting firms we may
retain. Specifically, under these policies and procedures, our board
shall pre-approved the use of Holtz Rubenstein for detailed, specific types of
services within the following categories of non-audit services: merger and
acquisition due diligence and related accounting services; tax services;
internal control reviews; and reviews and procedures that we request Holtz
Rubenstein to undertake to provide assurances of accuracy on matters not
required by laws or regulations. In each case, the policies and
procedures require our board to set specific annual limits on the amounts of
such services which we would obtain from Holtz Rubenstein and require management
to report the specific engagements to the board and to obtain specific
pre-approval from the board for all engagements.
Board
of Directors Approval of Audit-Related Activities
Management
is responsible for the preparation and integrity of our financial statements, as
well as establishing appropriate internal controls and financial reporting
processes. Holtz Rubenstein is responsible for performing an
independent audit of our financial statements and issuing a report on such
financial statements. Our audit committee’s responsibility is to
monitor and oversee these processes.
Our audit
committee reviewed the audited financial statements of our company for the year
ended October 31, 2010 and met with both other members of management and the
independent auditors, separately and together, to discuss such financial
statements. Management and the auditors have represented to us that
the financial statements were prepared in accordance with US
GAAP. Our audit committee also received written disclosures and a
letter from our auditors regarding their independence from us, as required by
Independence Standards Board Standard No. 1, and discussed with the auditors
their independence with respect to all services that our auditors rendered to
us. Our audit committee also discussed with the auditors any matters
required to be discussed by Statement on Auditing Standards No.
61. Based upon these reviews and discussions, our audit committee
authorized and directed that the audited financial statements be included in
this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31,
2010.
60
PART
IV
Item
15.
|
Exhibits,
Financial Statement Schedules.
|
Financial
Statements
The
financial statements and schedules included in this Annual Report on Form 10K
are listed in Item 8 and commence following page 64.
Exhibits
The
following exhibits are being filed as part of this Annual Report on Form
10-K.
Exhibit
|
||
Number
|
Exhibit
Description
|
|
3.1
|
Composite
of Articles of Incorporation.
|
|
3.2
|
Bylaws,
as amended to date. [Incorporated by reference to exhibit 3.2
to the Registration Statement on Form SB-2 of American Bonanza Resources
Corp. (p/k/a Clenergen Corporation), filed with the SEC on December 13,
2005.]
|
|
10.1
|
Asset
Purchase Agreement, dated April 1, 2009, between Clenergen Corporation
Limited and Rootchange Limited. [Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.15 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Clenergen Corporation,
filed with the SEC on March 22, 2010.]
|
|
10.2
|
Share
Exchange Agreement, dated as of August 30, 2009, between Clenergen
Corporation and Clenergen Corporation Limited
(UK). [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Current
Report on Form 8-K (Date of Report: August 30, 2009) of Clenergen
Corporation, filed with the SEC on September 4, 2009.]
|
|
10.3
|
Power
Purchase Agreement, dated March 31, 2009, between Clenergen India Private
Limited and PTC India Limited (f/k/a Power Trading Corporation of India
Limited). [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the
Current Report on Form 8-K (Date of Report: November 5, 2009) of Clenergen
Corporation, filed with the SEC on November 10, 2009.]
|
|
10.4
|
Share
Purchase Agreement, dated December 12, 2009, among Clenergen India,
Private Limited, Enkem Engineers Private Limited and United Bio Fuels
Private Limited.
|
|
10.5
|
Agreement
to Sell and Purchase Shares, dated June 18, 2010, between Clenergen India
Private Limited, Nandha Energy Limited and
others. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the
Current Report on Form 8-K (Date of Report: June 18, 2010) of Clenergen
Corporation, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 24,
2010.]
|
|
10.6
|
Techno-Commercial
Agreement, dated June 2, 2010, among Clenergen Corporation,
Biomass2Biopower (QA) Limited and Enhanced Biofuels and Technologies
(India) Private Limited.
|
|
10.7
|
|
Memorandum
of Agreement, dated October 6, 2009, between Clenergen Corporation and
Enhanced Biofuels and Technologies India Private
Limited. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the
Current Report on Form 8-K (Date of Report: November 5, 2009) of Clenergen
Corporation, filed with the SEC on November 10,
2009.]
|
61
10.8
|
Commercial
Lease Agreement, dated September 11, 2009, between Archana Spinners
Limited and Clenergen India Private Limited. [Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (Date of
Report: November 5, 2009) of Clenergen Corporation, filed with the SEC on
November 10, 2009.]
|
|
10.9
|
License
Agreement, dated October 2009, between Clenergen Corporation and Star
Biotechnology Limited. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.12 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (Date of Report: November 5, 2009)
of Clenergen Corporation, filed with the SEC on November 10,
2009.]
|
|
10.10
|
Research
and Development Agreement, dated October 2009, among Clenergen
Corporation, Star Biotechnology Limited and Arbour Technologies Pty
Ltd. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Current
Report on Form 8-K (Date of Report: November 5, 2009) of Clenergen
Corporation, filed with the SEC on November 10, 2009.]
|
|
10.11
|
Memorandum
of Agreement, dated May 17, 2010, between Clenergen Corporation and
Growmore Biotech Limited.
|
|
10.12
|
Memorandum
of Agreement, dated August 2009, between Clenergen India Private Limited
and Growmore Biotech Limited. [Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.5 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (Date of Report: November
5, 2009) of Clenergen Corporation, filed with the SEC on November 10,
2009.]
|
|
10.13
|
Memorandum
of Agreement, dated August 31, 2009, between Clenergen India Private
Limited and Sree Emberumanar Jeer Mutt. [Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (Date of
Report: November 5, 2009) of Clenergen Corporation, filed with the SEC on
November 10, 2009.]
|
|
10.14
|
Biomass
Supply Agreement, dated April 1, 2009, between Clenergen India Private
Limited and IJM Constructions. [Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.18 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (Date of Report: November
5, 2009) of Clenergen Corporation, filed with the SEC on November 10,
2009.]
|
|
10.15
|
Memorandum
of Agreement, dated December 2009, between Clenergen Corporation and
National Power Corporation. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to
the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Clenergen Corporation, filed with SEC on
March 22, 2010.]
|
|
10.16
|
Power
Purchase Agreement, dated December 5, 2010, between Clenergen Corporation
and Romblon State University.
|
|
10.17
|
Memorandum
of Agreement, dated December 7, 2010, between Clenergen Philippines
Corporation and National Power Corporation.
|
|
10.18
|
Techno
Commercial Agreement, dated December 5, 2010, between Clenergen
Philippines Corporation and Romblon State University.
|
|
10.19
|
Memorandum
of Agreement, dated December 9, 2010, among Clenergen Philippines
Corporation, Apayao State College and Kalinga-Apayao State
College.
|
|
10.20
|
|
Biomass
Supply Agreement, dated June 2009, between Clenergen Corporation Limited
and Villsam Company Limited. [Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.7 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (Date of Report: November
5, 2009) of Clenergen Corporation, filed with the SEC on November 10,
2009.]
|
62
10.21
|
Strategic
Marketing Agreement, dated June 2009, between Clenergen Corporation
Limited and Villasam Company Limited. [Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (Date of
Report: November 5, 2009) of Clenergen Corporation, filed with the SEC on
November 10, 2009.]
|
|
10.22
|
Leasehold
and Option Agreement dated September 12, 2009 between Clenergen
Corporation and Georgia Caribbean International,
Limited. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the
Current Report on Form 8-K (Date of Report: November 5, 2009) of Clenergen
Corporation, filed with the SEC on November 10, 2009.]
|
|
10.23
|
Exclusive
License Agreement, dated November 30, 2010, between Clenergen Corporation
and Biopower Corporation.
|
|
10.24
|
Asset
Purchase Agreement, dated April 24, 2010, between Clenergen Corporation
and Ankur Scientific Energy Technologies Private
Limited.
|
|
10.25
|
Consultancy
Agreement, dated January 24, 2011, between Clenergen Corporation and Bowen
Financial Management Limited.
|
|
10.26
|
Consulting
Agreement, dated March 26, 2010, between Clenergen Corporation
and
|
|
Sanilkumar
Madhavikutty Bhaskaran Nair.
|
||
10.27
|
Consulting
Agreement, dated August 29, 2009, between Mark LM Quinn and Clenergen
Corporation. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the
Annual Report on Form 10-K of Clenergen Corporation, filed with the SEC on
March 22, 2010.]
|
|
10.28
|
Consulting
Agreement, dated August 29, 2009, between Jessica Hatfield and Clenergen
Corporation. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the
Annual Report on Form 10-K of Clenergen Corporation, filed with the SEC on
March 22, 2010.]
|
|
10.29
|
Consulting
Agreement, dated August 29, 2009, between Robert Kohn and Clenergen
Corporation. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the
Annual Report on Form 10-K of Clenergen Corporation, filed with the SEC on
March 22, 2010.]
|
|
10.30
|
Consulting
Agreement, dated January 1, 2010, between Mike Starkie and Clenergen
Corporation. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the
Annual Report on Form 10-K of Clenergen Corporation, filed with the SEC on
March 22, 2010.]
|
|
10.31
|
Consulting
Agreement, dated August 8, 2009, between David Sonnenberg and Clenergen
Corporation. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the
Annual Report on Form 10-K of Clenergen Corporation, filed with the SEC on
March 22, 2010.]
|
|
10.32
|
Consulting
Agreement, dated August 8, 2009, between Dr. Arvind Pandalai and Clenergen
Corporation. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the
Annual Report on Form 10-K of Clenergen Corporation, filed with the SEC on
March 22, 2010.]
|
|
14.1
|
Code
of Ethics.
|
|
21.1
|
Subsidiaries.
|
|
31.1
|
Rule
13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive
Officer.
|
|
31.2
|
Rule
13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial
Officer.
|
|
32.1
|
Section
1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer.
|
|
32.2
|
Section
1350 Certification of Principal Financial Officer.
|
|
99.1
|
|
Audit
Committee Charter.
|
63
SIGNATURE
Pursuant
to the requirements of Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Date: February
14, 2011
|
Clenergen
Corporation
|
|
By:
|
/s/ Mark Quinn
|
|
Mark
Quinn
|
||
Executive
Chairman
|
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been
signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the
capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature and Name
|
Capacities
|
Date
|
||
/s/ Mark Quinn
|
Executive
Chairman
|
February
14, 2011
|
||
Mark
Quinn
|
and
Director (Principal Executive
|
|||
Officer)
|
||||
/s/ Tim Bowen
|
Chief
Executive Officer
|
February
14, 2011
|
||
Tim
Bowen
|
and
Director
|
|||
/s/ Mike Starkie
|
President
and Acting Chief
|
February
14, 2011
|
||
Mike
Starkie
|
Financial
Officer (Principal
|
|||
Financial
and Accounting Officer)
|
||||
/s/ Jessica Hatfield
|
Executive
Vice President and Director
|
February
14, 2011
|
||
Jessica
Hatfield
|
||||
/s/ Sanil Kumar
|
Director
|
February
14, 2011
|
||
Sanil
Kumar
|
||||
/s/ David Sonnenberg
|
Director
|
February
14, 2011
|
||
David
Sonnenberg
|
64
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the
Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Clenergen
Corporation and Subsidiaries:
We have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Clenergen Corporation
and Subsidiaries (the "Company") as of October 31, 2010 and 2009, and the
related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ deficiency, and
cash flows for the years then ended and the period from October 27, 2005
(inception) to October 31, 2010. These consolidated financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial
statements based on our audits.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company
is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its
internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of
internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit
procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of
expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control
over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An
audit includes examining on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management as well as evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our
opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of October
31, 2010 and 2009, and the consolidated results of their operations and their
cash flows for the years then ended and the period from October 27, 2005
(inception) to October 31, 2010, in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America.
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that
the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has
suffered continued losses from operations since inception and has a net capital
deficiency. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s
ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial
statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of
this uncertainty.
/s/ Holtz
Rubenstein Reminick LLP
Melville,
New York
February
14, 2011
F -
1
CLENERGEN
CORPORATION
(a
Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS
10/31/2010
|
10/31/2009
|
|||||||
ASSETS
|
||||||||
CURRENT ASSETS
|
||||||||
Cash
|
$ | 392,502 | $ | 1,472 | ||||
Prepaid
Expenses and Other
|
1,853,952 | 15,039 | ||||||
Total
Current Assets
|
2,246,454 | 16,511 | ||||||
FIXED ASSETS
|
||||||||
Property
& Equipment, Net
|
21,450 | 12,901 | ||||||
Total
Fixed Assets
|
21,450 | 12,901 | ||||||
OTHER ASSETS
|
||||||||
Deposits
|
143,020 | 33,487 | ||||||
Total
Other Assets
|
143,020 | 33,487 | ||||||
TOTAL
ASSETS
|
$ | 2,410,924 | $ | 62,899 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS'
DEFICIENCY
|
||||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES
|
||||||||
Accounts
Payable and Accrued Expenses
|
$ | 1,767,689 | $ | 214,211 | ||||
Payroll
Liabilities
|
28,432 | 6,745 | ||||||
Due
to Related Parties and Shareholders
|
3,491,032 | 330,302 | ||||||
Total
Current Liabilities
|
5,287,153 | 551,257 | ||||||
TOTAL
LIABILITIES
|
5,287,153 | 551,257 | ||||||
STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIENCY
|
||||||||
Preferred
stock, $0.001 par value,
|
||||||||
Authorized:
10,000,000
|
||||||||
Issued:
None
|
- | - | ||||||
Common
Stock, $0.001 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized;
|
||||||||
141,755,788
and 86,941,013 shares issued and outstanding,
|
||||||||
respectively
|
141,756 | 86,941 | ||||||
Additional
paid in capital
|
36,763,163 | 3,998,562 | ||||||
Stock
subscription receivable
|
(181,215 | ) | - | |||||
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income
|
217,800 | 389,956 | ||||||
Accumulated
deficit
|
(39,817,733 | ) | (4,963,818 | ) | ||||
Total
Stockholders' Deficiency
|
(2,876,229 | ) | (488,358 | ) | ||||
TOTAL
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIENCY
|
$ | 2,410,924 | $ | 62,899 |
The
accompanying notes are an integral part of consolidated financial
statements.
F -
2
CLENERGEN
CORPORATION
(a
Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For
the twelve months ending October 31, 2010 and 2009
and
from October 27, 2005 (inception) to October 31, 2010
TWELVE
|
TWELVE
|
FROM
|
||||||||||
MONTHS
|
MONTHS
|
INCEPTION
|
||||||||||
10/31/2010
|
10/31/2009
|
TO 10/31/10
|
||||||||||
REVENUE
|
$ | 216,998 | $ | - | $ | 216,998 | ||||||
COST
OF SERVICES
|
332,307 | - | 332,307 | |||||||||
GROSS
LOSS
|
(115,309 | ) | - | (115,309 | ) | |||||||
GENERAL
AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
|
34,022,520 | 1,072,695 | 36,711,295 | |||||||||
RESEARCH
& DEVELOPMENT
|
85,802 | - | 2,360,845 | |||||||||
OPERATING
LOSS
|
(34,223,631 | ) | (1,072,695 | ) | (39,187,449 | ) | ||||||
INTEREST
EXPENSE
|
631,789 | - | 631,789 | |||||||||
OTHER
EXPENSES
|
8,276 | - | 8,276 | |||||||||
OTHER
INCOME
|
9,781 | - | 9,781 | |||||||||
LOSS
BEFORE INCOME TAXES
|
(34,853,915 | ) | (1,072,695 | ) | (39,817,733 | ) | ||||||
PROVISION
FOR INCOME TAXES
|
- | - | - | |||||||||
NET
LOSS
|
$ | (34,853,915 | ) | $ | (1,072,695 | ) | $ | (39,817,733 | ) | |||
Loss
per share, basic and diluted
|
$ | (0.34 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (1.63 | ) | |||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding
|
101,255,591 | 20,950,539 | 24,382,201 | |||||||||
Comprehensive
loss:
|
||||||||||||
Net
Loss
|
$ | (34,853,915 | ) | $ | (1,072,695 | ) | $ | (39,817,733 | ) | |||
Foreign
currency translation (loss)/income
|
(172,156 | ) | (26,924 | ) | 217,800 | |||||||
Comprehensive
loss
|
$ | (35,026,071 | ) | (1,099,619 | ) | (39,599,933 | ) |
The
accompanying notes are an integral part of consolidated financial
statements.
F -
3
CLENERGEN
CORPORATION
(a
Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIENCY
As
of October 31, 2010
ADDITIONAL
|
ACCUM. OTHER
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PREFERRED
|
COMMON
|
PAR
|
PAID IN
|
ACCUMULATED
|
COMPREHENSIVE
|
STOCKHOLDERS'
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
STOCK
|
STOCK
|
VALUE
|
CAPITAL
|
DEFICIT
|
INCOME/(LOSS)
|
DEFICIENCY
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Founder's
Stock - October 27, 2005 (inception)
|
- | 7,500 | $ | 14,242 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 14,242 | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign
Currency Translational Adjustment
|
(162,010 | ) | (162,010 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss
|
(3,157,695 | ) | - | (3,157,695 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance,
October 31, 2006
|
- | 7,500 | 14,242 | - | (3,157,695 | ) | (162,010 | ) | (3,305,462 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign
Currency Translational Adjustment
|
(315,412 | ) | (315,412 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss
|
(732,456 | ) | - | (732,456 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance,
October 31, 2007
|
- | 7,500 | 14,242 | - | (3,890,151 | ) | (477,421 | ) | (4,353,330 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign
Currency Translational Adjustment
|
894,302 | 894,302 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss
|
(972 | ) | (972 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance,
October 31, 2008
|
- | 7,500 | 14,242 | - | (3,891,123 | ) | 416,880 | (3,460,000 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Reverse
acquisition on April 1, 2009:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share
issuance per recapitalization
|
21,616,695 | 21,617 | 3,409,344 | 3,430,961 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share
cancellation per recapitalization
|
(7,500 | ) | (14,242 | ) | 14,242 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Common
stock issued for debt cancellation on
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
August
4, 2009
|
7,776,350 | 7,776 | 632,523 | 640,299 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common
stock issued for compensation on
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
August
4, 2009
|
57,547,968 | 57,548 | (57,548 | ) | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign
Currency Translational Adjustment
|
(26,924 | ) | (26,924 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss
|
(1,072,695 | ) | (1,072,695 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance,
October 31, 2009
|
- | 86,941,013 | 86,941 | 3,998,562 | (4,963,818 | ) | 389,956 | (488,359 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Common
stock issued for compensation on average at $0.62 per share from November
2009 through October 2010
|
- | 46,808,612 | 46,809 | 28,876,572 | 28,923,381 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Common
stock issued on average at $0.35 per share from November 2009 through
October 2010
|
- | 6,732,163 | 6,732 | 2,366,631 | 2,373,363 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock
subscription receivable
|
(181,215 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred
Finance Costs related to stock purchase warrants from November 2009
through October 2010
|
- | - | - | 658,439 | 658,439 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital
contributed in July 2010
|
- | - | - | 258,493 | 258,493 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Common
stock issued for deposit on asset at $0.51 per share in May
2010
|
- | 200,000 | 200 | 89,800 | 90,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Common
stock issued for debt cancellation at $0.51 per share in October
2010
|
- | 564,000 | 564 | 287,076 | 287,640 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Common
stock issued for interest on average at $0.45 per share in October
2010
|
- | 510,000 | 510 | 227,590 | 228,100 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign
Currency Translational Adjustment
|
(172,156 | ) | (172,156 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss
|
(34,853,915 | ) | (34,853,915 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance,
October 31, 2010
|
- | 141,755,788 | $ | 141,756 | $ | 36,763,163 | $ | (39,817,733 | ) | $ | 217,800 | $ | (2,876,229 | ) |
The
accompanying notes are an integral part of consolidated financial
statements.
F -
4
CLENERGEN
CORPORATION
(a
Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For
the twelve months ending October 31, 2010 and 2009
and
from October 27, 2005 (inception) to October 31, 2010
TWELVE
|
TWELVE
|
FROM
|
||||||||||
MONTHS
|
MONTHS
|
INCEPTION
|
||||||||||
10/31/2010
|
10/31/2009
|
TO 10/31/2010
|
||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING
ACTIVITIES
|
||||||||||||
Net
loss
|
$ | (34,853,915 | ) | $ | (1,072,695 | ) | $ | (39,817,733 | ) | |||
Adjustments
to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating
activities:
|
||||||||||||
Adjustments
for charges not requiring outlay of cash:
|
||||||||||||
Deferred
financing costs
|
658,439 | - | 658,439 | |||||||||
Stock
compensation
|
28,923,381 | - | 28,937,623 | |||||||||
Stock
issued for interest
|
228,100 | - | 228,100 | |||||||||
Depreciation
and Amortization
|
6,166 | 1,140 | 7,306 | |||||||||
Changes
in operating assets and liabilitites:
|
||||||||||||
Prepaid
Expenses and Other Current Assets
|
(46,956 | ) | (15,039 | ) | (61,995 | ) | ||||||
Deposits
|
(19,533 | ) | (33,487 | ) | (53,020 | ) | ||||||
Accounts
Payable and Accrued Expenses
|
1,350,243 | 214,211 | 1,564,454 | |||||||||
Accrued
Payroll Liabilities
|
21,687 | 6,745 | 28,432 | |||||||||
Total
adjustments to net loss
|
31,121,527 | 173,570 | 31,309,339 | |||||||||
Net
cash used in operating activities
|
(3,732,388 | ) | (899,125 | ) | (8,508,394 | ) | ||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING
ACTIVITIES
|
||||||||||||
UBF
advances
|
(1,791,957 | ) | - | (1,791,957 | ) | |||||||
Purchase
of Furniture & Equipment
|
(14,715 | ) | (14,041 | ) | (28,756 | ) | ||||||
Net
cash flows used in investing activities
|
(1,806,672 | ) | (14,041 | ) | (1,820,713 | ) | ||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING
ACTIVITIES
|
||||||||||||
Capital
contribution
|
258,493 | - | 258,493 | |||||||||
Cash
received from sale of stock
|
2,192,148 | - | 2,192,148 | |||||||||
Cash
from Related Parties and Shareholders, net
|
2,334,048 | 966,231 | 6,719,028 | |||||||||
Cash
from notes payable, net
|
1,317,557 | (24,681 | ) | 1,334,139 | ||||||||
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
6,102,246 | 941,550 | 10,503,808 | |||||||||
CASH RECONCILIATION
|
||||||||||||
Effect
of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash
|
(172,156 | ) | (26,924 | ) | 217,800 | |||||||
Net
increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
391,030 | 1,459 | 392,502 | |||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents - beginning balance
|
1,472 | 13 | - | |||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS BALANCE END OF
PERIOD
|
$ | 392,502 | $ | 1,472 | $ | 392,502 | ||||||
Supplemetal Disclosures of Cash Flow
Information:
|
||||||||||||
Common
stock issued for deposit on asset
|
$ | 90,000 | $ | - | $ | 90,000 | ||||||
Common
stock issued for debt cancellation
|
$ | 287,640 | $ | 4,069,085 | $ | 4,356,725 | ||||||
Common
stock issued in recapitalization
|
$ | - | $ | 2,175 | $ | 2,175 | ||||||
Cash
paid for interest
|
$ | 254,435 | $ | - | $ | 254,435 |
The
accompanying notes are an integral part of consolidated financial
statements.
F -
5
CLENERGEN
CORPORATION
(A
Development Stage Company)
For
the Twelve Months Ended October 31, 2010 and 2009
And
From October 27, 2005 (inception) to October 31, 2010
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE
1. ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Clenergen
Corporation (“the Company”) was incorporated in the State of Nevada on May 2,
2005 under the name “American Bonanza Resources Limited.” On August
4, 2009, the Company acquired Clenergen Corporation Limited (UK) and succeeded
to the business of Clenergen Corporation Limited. Our subsidiaries
include Clenergen Corporation Limited (UK) (“Clenergen Limited”), Clenergen
India Private Limited (“Clenergen India”), and Clenergen Corporation
Administrative Services Limited (“Clenergen Administrative”), on a consolidated
basis. We also currently hold a 77% equity interest in Clenergen
Ghana Limited (“Clenergen Ghana”) and a 40% equity interest in Clenergen
Philippines Corporation (“Clenergen Philippines”).
The
Company is in the process of developing strategic clean energy and sustainable
fuel supply alternatives to address the world-wide requirements for renewable
and sustainable sources of power. The Company has developed a unique
supply of biomass for use with gasification, combustion steam, Pyrolysis oil and
pelleting technologies to generate electricity. The Company intends to use
proprietary and mixed biomass feedstock to provide sustainable supplies of clean
energy to regional, captive end users, mining companies and, through government-
or privately-owned power grid systems, other end users, including private
homes.
The
Company intends to address the needs for a cleaner, greener planet with an
environmentally sound and sustainable clean energy generation and integrated
fuel supply chain, which is in compliance with and in excess of international
standards for environmental protection, biodiversity, quality, safety and full
traceability. The Company is backed by a global management team with a
deep wealth of experience in the science, technology, finance and business
management, as well as practical experiences of managing and investing in
similar businesses in emerging and developed markets.
NOTE
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
These
financial statements of Clenergen have been prepared in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US
GAAP”) and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-K and
Regulation S-X. These audited financial statements and notes thereto
should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements
and notes thereto contained in the Company’s amended Annual Report on Form
10-K/A for the year ended October 31, 2009.
The
Company has evaluated all subsequent events through date of issuance of this
Form 10-K for appropriate accounting and financial disclosure.
Principles of
consolidation - The consolidated financial statements of the Company
include the historical accounts of our subsidiaries, including Clenergen
Corporation Limited (UK), Clenergen India Private Limited, and Clenergen
Corporation Administrative Services Limited, on a consolidated
basis. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have
been eliminated.
Research and
development - Research and development costs are charged to
operations as incurred and include direct costs of research scientists and
materials and an allocation of other core scientific services.
Foreign currency
translation - The Company’s assets and liabilities have been
translated using the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. The weighted
average exchange rate for the period has been used to translate expenses.
Translation adjustments are reported separately and accumulated in a separate
component of equity, “Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income”.
F -
6
Comprehensive
income (loss) - Other comprehensive income refers to revenues,
expenses, gains and losses that under US GAAP are included in comprehensive
income but are excluded from net loss as these amounts are recorded directly as
an adjustment to stockholders’ equity. The Company’s other comprehensive
income is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments.
Comprehensive income is reported by the Company in the consolidated statements
of operations.
Stock-Based
Compensation
The
Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with accounting
principles related to share-based payment which requires fair value method of
accounting. Under the fair value based method, compensation cost is measured at
the grant date based on the value of the award and is recognized over the
service period, which is usually the vesting period. Expected forfeitures are
included in determining share-based employee compensation cost. Share-based
awards that do not require future services are expensed
immediately.
Basic earnings
per share - Basic net loss per share amounts are computed by
dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares
outstanding. As of October 31, 2010, the Company has issued potentially
dilutive purchase warrants for 2,200,000 shares. Pursuant to FASC
260, these shares have no effect on earnings per share as a result of the
operating loss of the Company.
Cash
Equivalents - The Company considers all highly liquid
investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be
cash equivalents.
Use of Estimates
and Assumptions - The preparation of financial statements in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses
during the reporting period.
Income
Taxes - A deferred tax asset or liability is recorded for all
temporary differences between financial and tax reporting and net operating loss
carry-forwards. Deferred tax expense (benefit) results from the net change
during the year of deferred tax assets and liabilities.
Deferred
tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of
management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred
tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of
enactment.
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
Codification
Effective
July 1, 2009, the Company adopted the FASB Accounting
Standards Codification ("ASC") 105-10, "Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles." ASC 105-10 establishes the FASB Accounting Standards
Codification ("Codification") as the source of authoritative accounting
principles recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities
in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP for SEC
registrants. All guidance contained in the Codification carries an equal
level of authority. The Codification supersedes all existing non-SEC
accounting and reporting standards. The FASB will now issue new standards
in the form of Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs"). The FASB will not
consider ASUs as authoritative in their own right. ASUs will
serve only to update the Codification, provide background information about
the guidance and provide the bases for conclusion on the changes in
the Codification. References made to FASB guidance have been updated for
the Codification throughout this document.
Fair
Value Accounting
The
Company measures fair value in accordance with ASC 820-10-55 “Fair Value
Measurements”. The objective of ASC 820-10-55 is to increase consistency and
comparability in fair value measurements and to expand disclosures about fair
value measurements. ASC 820-10-55 defines fair value, establishes a framework
for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and
expands disclosures about fair value measurements.
F -
7
In
January 2010, the ASC guidance for fair value measurements and disclosure was
updated to require additional disclosures related to: i) transfers in and out of
level 1 and 2 fair value measurements and ii) enhanced detail in the level 3
reconciliation. The guidance was amended to provide clarity about: i) the level
of disaggregation required for assets and liabilities and ii) the disclosures
required for inputs and valuation techniques used to measure fair value for both
recurring and nonrecurring measurements that fall in either level 2 or level 3.
The updated guidance was effective beginning January 1, 2010, with the exception
of the level 3 disaggregation which is effective for the Company’s fiscal year
beginning March 31, 2010. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have
an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of
operations, or cash flows.
NOTE
3. GOING CONCERN
The
accompanying financial statements are presented on a going concern basis.
For the period of October 27, 2005 (date of inception) through October 31, 2010,
the Company incurred an aggregate comprehensive loss of $39,817,733, inclusive
of an aggregate net loss of $34,853,915, and total stockholders’ deficit of
$2,876,229.
As
of October 31, 2010, the Company has not emerged from the development stage
and its ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company's
ability to generate additional financing. Since inception, the Company has
financed its activities principally from the use of advances from shareholders
to pay for its operations. The Company intends on financing its future
development activities and its working capital needs largely from the issuance
of stock, until such time that funds provided by operations are sufficient to
fund working capital requirements. There can be no assurance that the Company
will be successful at achieving its financing goals at reasonably commercial
terms, if at all.
These
factors raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a
going concern. The accompanying financial statements do not include any
adjustments relating to the recoverability of the recorded assets or the
classification of liabilities that may be necessary should the Company be unable
to continue as a going concern.
NOTE
4. PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER
The
Company has a receivable from United Biofuels in the amount of $1,791,957
representing advances the Company has made to a unit of the Government of India
(IREDA) in relation to the planned acquisition of a biomass power generation
plant in Salem, Tamilnadu, India.
NOTE
5. OTHER ASSETS
The
company has recorded $143,020 in deposits that relate to rental agreements for
office space in both the United Kingdom and India and for leases of land related
to our primary business purpose.
NOTE
6. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
On August
29, 2009, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Jessica
Hatfield, our executive vice president. As compensation for agreeing to perform
services, Jessica Hatfield is entitled to receive monthly compensation of
£3,500. In November 2010, the Company increased Ms. Hatfield’s
monthly compensation to £5,000. For the fiscal periods ending October
31, 2010, 2009, and from inception, compensation for consulting to Ms. Hatfield
amounted to $39,568, $0, and $39,568, respectively, of which $5,000, $0, and
$5,000 are included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the
accompanying financial statements, respectively.
On August
29, 2009 the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Mark Quinn, the
chairman of our board of directors. As compensation for agreeing to
provide services, Mark Quinn is entitled to receive monthly compensation of
£3,500. In November 2010, the Company increased Mr. Quinn’s monthly
compensation to £5,000. For the fiscal periods ending October
31, 2010, 2009, and from inception, compensation for consulting to Mr. Quinn
amounted to $49,045, $0, and $49,045, respectively, of which $12,672, $0, and
$12,672 are included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the
accompanying financial statements, respectively.
F -
8
On August
29, 2009, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with David Sonnenberg,
a director of our company. As compensation for agreeing to perform services,
David Sonnenberg is entitled to receive monthly compensation of approximately
$1,600. Mr. Sonnenberg has verbally foregone the accrual of his
consulting fees until such time the Company’s cash position improves and
therefore no amounts have been accrued. For the fiscal year ending
October 31, 2010, 2009, and for the period from inception, Mr. Sonnenberg was
paid, $3,271, and $3,271, respectively, of which no amounts are included in
accounts payable, respectively.
On
January 1, 2010 the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Mike
Starkie, our president and acting chief financial officer. As
compensation for agreeing to provide such services, Mike Starkie received
1,500,000 shares of our common stock and is entitled to receive monthly
compensation of £3,500. Mr. Starkie has verbally foregone the
accrual of his consulting fees until such time the Company’s cash position
improves and therefore no amounts have been accrued.
On March
26, 2010, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Mr. Sanil Kumar,
a director of our company. As compensation for agreeing to provide
such services, Sanil Kumar received 500,000 shares of our common stock and is
entitled to receive monthly compensation of £1,000. Mr. Kumar has
verbally foregone the accrual of his consulting fees until such time the
Company’s cash position improves and therefore no amounts have been
accrued.
In April
2010, the Company also agreed with Mr. Bowen that, until such time as the
Company can pay him market-rate compensation directly, the Company would pay to
another affiliate of Mr. Bowen, Bowen Financial Management Limited (“BFML”),
₤3,500 per month as consideration for BFML making Mr. Bowen available to provide
us with management and financial advisory consulting services. The
Company had been paying BFML ₤3,500 per month since April 7, 2010, the date Mr.
Bowen began providing us with his management and financial advisory
services. In November 2010, The Company increased the monthly amount
being paid BFML to £5,000. For the fiscal periods ending October 31, 2010, 2009,
and from inception, compensation for consulting to Mr. Bowen amounted to
$37,056, $0, and $37,056, respectively, of which no amounts are included in
accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying financial statements,
respectively.
Effective
August 5, 2010, the Company obtained a loan in the amount of $607,461 from
Rootchange Limited (“Rootchange”). Rootchange is a corporation organized
under the laws of Great Britain. Rootchange is owned by two of our
directors and officers, Mark L.M. Quinn, the executive chairman of our board of
directors, and Jessica Hatfield, our executive vice president.
Effective
October 26, 2010, the Company issued 3,000,000 shares of our common stock
to Stew Investment Management Limited (“SIML”), as designee of Tim J.E.
Bowen, chief executive officer of the Company. These shares were
issued pursuant to an earlier agreement dated July 30, 2010 and referenced
herein (see Note 7).
NOTE
7. STOCK TRANSACTIONS
All forms
of share-based payment awards, including shares issued under employee stock
purchase plans, stock options, restricted stock and stock appreciation rights,
as well as share grants and other awards issued to employees and
non-employees under free-standing arrangements, are recorded at fair
value on grant date, based on the estimated number of awards that are
expected to vest and will result in charges to operations.
Effective
November 3, 2009, the Company issued 1,850,000 shares of our common stock to
three consultants, in consideration for the consultants entering into a
consulting agreement with our company, which shares the Company have valued at
$1,600,000.
Effective
November 3, 2009, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares of our common stock to a
consultant, in consideration for the consultant entering into a consulting
agreement with our company, which shares the Company have valued at
$800,000.
Effective
November 5, 2009, the Company issued 12,500 shares of our common stock to a
consultant, in consideration for the consultant providing to us advice and
assistance in our capital raising efforts, which shares the Company have valued
at $12,125.
Effective
November 17, 2009, the Company issued 100,000 shares of our common stock
pursuant to a stock purchase agreement for total consideration of
$50,000.
F -
9
Effective
November 18, 2009, the Company issued 120,000 shares of our common stock
pursuant to two stock purchase agreements for total consideration of
$60,000.
Effective
November 19, 2009, the Company issued 350,000 shares of our common stock to a
consultant, in consideration for this consultant entering into a consulting
agreement with our company, which shares the Company have valued at
$364,000.
On
November 27, 2009, the Company sold and issued 100,000 shares of our common
stock pursuant to a stock purchase agreement for total consideration of
$50,000.
On
February 5, 2010, our board of directors accepted the resignation of Dale
Shepherd as our Chief Financial Officer and director and Jack Dickey as a
director. Both Messrs. Shepherd and Dickey have agreed to return 1
million shares of our common stock previously issued to each of them in
connection with their first becoming affiliated with our company. As
of October 31, 2010, only Mr. Shepherd has returned the stock certificate
evidencing his 1 million shares and the Company is in the process of having
such stock certificate cancelled and having such 1 million shares reflected on
our books and records as not outstanding.
Effective
March 15, 2010, the Company issued warrants to purchase 1 million shares, of
which 250,000 warrants are exercisable at $1.30, 250,000 warrants are
exercisable at $1.60, 250,000 warrants are exercisable at $2.00 and 250,000
warrants are exercisable at $2.50 per share. The Company valued such warrants,
for accounting purposes, at $ 43,513. Pursuant to FASC 260-10-45, options and
warrants will have a dilutive effect under the treasury stock method only when
the average market price of the common stock during the period exceeds the
exercise price of the options or warrants. The Company has purchase warrants
that were not included in calculations of Basic or Diluted Earnings per Share
due to the current loss incurred by the Company.
Effective
March 26, 2010, the Company issued 1 million common shares to a
consultant. The Company valued such shares, for accounting purposes,
at $800,000, the fair value of such shares on the effective date of
issuance.
Effective
March 26, 2010, the Company issued 500,000 common shares to a
consultant. The Company valued such shares, for accounting purposes,
at $400,000, the fair value of such shares on the effective date of
issuance.
Effective
April 6, 2010, the Company issued 131,196 common shares to a third-party
investor for total gross consideration of $15,000.
Effective
April 9, 2010, the Company issued 250,000 common shares to a
consultant. The Company valued such shares, for accounting purposes,
at $220,000, the fair value of such shares on the effective date of
issuance.
Effective
April 11, 2010, the Company issued 400,000 common shares to a service
provider. The Company valued such shares, for accounting purposes, at
$352,000, the fair value of such shares on the effective date of
issuance.
Effective
April 26, 2010,
the Company issued 150,000 common shares to a consultant. The Company
valued such shares, for accounting purposes, at $178,500, the fair value of such
shares on the effective date of issuance.
Effective
April 28, 2010, the Company issued 60,000 common shares to a third-party
investor for total gross consideration of $25,000.
Effective
April 30, 2010, the Company issued 1.5 million common shares to a director of
the Company. The Company valued such shares, for accounting purposes,
at $1,695,000, the fair value of such shares on the effective date of
issuance.
Effective
May 14, 2010, the Company issued warrants to purchase 1 million common shares,
exercisable at $0.686 per share. The Company valued such warrants,
for accounting purposes, at $614,926. Pursuant to FASC 260-10-45,
options and warrants will have a dilutive effect under the treasury stock method
only when the average market price of the common stock during the period exceeds
the exercise price of the options or warrants. The Company has purchase
warrants that were not included in calculations of Basic or Diluted Earnings per
Share due to the current loss incurred by the Company.
F -
10
Effective
May 18, 2010, the Company issued 500,000 shares to two consultants for $500,000,
the fair value of such shares on the effective date of issuance.
Effective
May 21, 2010, the Company issued 200,000 shares of its common stock, valued at
$90,000, which represents the fair value of such shares on the date of issuance,
as a deposit on an asset purchase.
Effective
July 12, 2010, the Company issued 120,761 shares of its common stock to a
third-party investor for total gross consideration of $53,365.
Effective
July 30, 2010, the Company issued to Stew Investment Management Limited
(“SIML”), as designee of Tim J.E. Bowen, chief executive officer of the Company,
a total of 7,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock as consideration for
Mr. Bowen having agreed to provide the Company with international strategic and
operational management consulting services and for his being retained as an
executive officer (as chief operating officer in April 2010 and as chief
executive officer in June 2010). The Company valued such shares at
$3,850,000, the fair value of the shares on the effective date of their
issuance.
SIML also
is entitled to purchase, for aggregate consideration of ₤175,000, an additional
3 million shares of common stock if certain milestones related to the services
Mr. Bowen provides to the Company are met, such milestones to be mutually agreed
upon by Mr. Bowen and the Company. SIML has irrevocably paid the Company
the sum of ₤175,000 (approximately $258,000) and such amount is to be retained
by the Company regardless of whether the milestones are met and/or such 3
million shares are issued to Mr. Bowen. Effective October 26, 2010,
the Company issued 3,000,000 shares of our common stock pursuant to this
agreement.
During
the fiscal quarter ended July 31, 2010, the Company sold an aggregate of
3,326,462 shares of its common stock to third party investors for aggregate net
proceeds of $1,101,119 pursuant to a private placement of the Company’s common
stock conducted through a selling agent located in Germany. The Company
incurred fees and expenses relating to such private placement equal to
approximately 40% of the gross proceeds of the placement.
Effective
August 19, 2010, the Company issued 300,000 shares of its common stock to a
third-party investor for total gross consideration of $105,000.
Effective
August 23, 2010, the Company issued an aggregate of 600,000 shares of its common
stock to a total of three consultants for services rendered or to be rendered by
such consultants. The Company valued such shares for accounting purposes
at an aggregate of $258,000, the fair value of the shares on the effective date
of their issuance.
During
September and October 2010, the Company issued an aggregate of 6.60 million
shares of our common stock to a total of three consultants to our
Company. The Company has valued such shares in the aggregate, for
accounting purposes, at $5,241,000.
Effective
September 6, 2010, the Company issued 5.4 million shares of our common stock to
a consultant as consideration for this consultant entering into a consulting
agreement with our company. Such shares have been valued, for
accounting purposes, at $2,268,000, the fair value of the shares on the
effective date of issuance.
Effective
September 6, 2010, the Company issued an additional 5.4 million shares of our
common stock to a consultant, as consideration for this consultant entering into
a consulting agreement with our company. Such shares have been
valued, for accounting purposes, at $2,268,000, the fair value of the shares on
the effective date of issuance.
Effective
September 21, 2010, the Company issued 400,000 shares of our common stock to a
lender in lieu of interest on a loan The Company received in June
2010. The loan has an outstanding principal amount of $1,195,470, as
of January 31, 2011, and was due on October 31, 2010. The Company has
valued such shares at $172,000 for accounting purposes.
F -
11
Effective
September 21, 2010, the Company issued 564,000 shares of our common stock to a
lender in exchange for the lender’s cancelation of a loan in the principal
amount of $287,640 to one of our subsidiaries. The loan was
originally made in December 2009 and was originally due in May
2010.
Effective
September 21, 2010, the Company issued 5.4 million shares of our common stock to
a consultant in
consideration of the consultant entering into a consultancy agreement with our
company. The Company has valued these shares for accounting purposes
at $2,754,000.
Effective
September 21, 2010, the Company issued 110,000 shares of our common stock to a
third party lender for interest on a loan in the principal amount of $55,000 to
one of our subsidiaries. The loan was originally made in February
2010 and was due in August 2010. The Company has valued these shares
for accounting purposes at $56,100.
Effective
September 21, 2010, the Company issued 2,430,000 shares of our common stock to a
consultant in consideration of the consultant entering into a consultancy
agreement with our company. The Company has valued these shares for accounting
purposes at $1,239,300.
Effective
September 21, 2010, the Company issued 2,840,000 shares of our common stock to
sixteen consultants in consideration of the consultants entering into a
consultancy agreement with our company. The Company has valued these shares for
accounting purposes at $1,583,400.
Effective
September 22, 2010, the Company issued of 2 million shares of our common stock
to a consultant, as consideration for this consultant entering into a consulting
agreement with our company. The Company has valued these shares for accounting
purposes at $1,380,000.
Effective
September 26, 2010, the Company issued 100,000 shares of our common stock to a
consultant of our company in consideration of entering into a consultancy
agreement with the company. The Company has valued these shares for
accounting purposes at $81,000.
Effective
September 26, 2010, the Company issued an aggregate of 250,000 shares of our
common stock to a law firm, in consideration of their agreeing to render
services to the Company. The Company will continue to pay such law
firm its normal hourly fees for services actually performed. The
Company has valued these shares for accounting purposes at
$202,500.
Effective
September 26, 2010, the Company issued an aggregate of 850,000 shares of our
common stock to a consultant. The Company has valued these shares for accounting
purposes at $688,500.
Effective
September 30, 2010, the Company sold an aggregate of 274,109 shares of our
common stock to a total of four purchasers in private transactions The Company
conducted in Germany. The Company received gross proceeds from such
sales totaling approximately $137,000, and incurred selling commissions and
other sale expenses totaling $55,000, resulting in net proceeds of
$99,868.
Effective
October 26, 2010, the Company issued 376,112 shares of our common stock to a
consultant in lieu of the sales commission fees incurred in connection with our
private sales of our common stock in Germany during the period of July 31,
through October 31, 2010. The sales commission fees totaled
$188,056.
Effective
October 31, 2010, the Company sold an aggregate of 2,199,635 shares of our
common stock to a total of 31 purchasers in private transactions The Company
conducted in Germany. The Company received gross proceeds from such
sales totaling approximately $1,100,000, and incurred selling commissions and
other sale expenses totaling $450,000, resulting in net proceeds of
$857,763.
F -
12
NOTE
8. NOTES PAYABLE
Pursuant
to a written lease with an unaffiliated third party, the Company occupies
approximately 800 square feet of office space in London at a total cost of
approximately $2,800 per month (inclusive of taxes, electricity and
heat). The lease renews automatically on a monthly
basis.
On March
25, 2010, the Company received $100,000 on a note payable bearing a 50% interest
rate and maturing on March 25, 2011. Through October 31, 2010, the Company
has accrued $30,137 in interest on this note.
On May
14, 2010, the Company received $250,000 in connection with a note payable.
The note bears an interest rate of 24% per annum and was payable in full at
August 14, 2010. In the event the Company fails to satisfy the note, the
Company is obligated to issue to the lender warrants to purchase 100,000 shares
of common stock for each month following the maturity date that the note is not
fully paid. The note was not fully satisfied as of August 14, 2010 and the
Company is in the process of preparing and physically delivering a warrant
certificate evidencing the 100,000 warrants issuable with respect to the
Company’s failure to satisfy the note in full on or prior to such date. The
additional warrants were valued at $1.08 per share .Through October 31, 2010,
the Company has accrued $10,000 in interest on this note.
Effective
May 24, 2010, the Company received approximately $176,484 in connection with a
note payable. The note bears an interest rate of 12% per annum and is
payable in full on May 24, 2011. As of October 31, 2010, the Company
has accrued $9,084 in interest on this note.
Effective
August 5, 2010, the Company received $607,461 in connection with two notes
payable. The loans are evidenced by two promissory notes, each in the
principal amount equal to one-half of the loan amount, $303,730.50. The
maturity date of each of the promissory note is November 1, 2011, with
acceleration of such maturity date limited to non-payment and bankruptcy
events. The promissory notes each provide for interest at the below-market
rate of 1.00% per annum (20.00% following an acceleration event), payable
semi-annually, commencing on February 1, 2011. As of October 31, 2010, the
Company has accrued $1,234 in interest on this note.
Effective
September 17, 2010, the Company received $100,000 in connection with a note
payable. The note bears an interest rate of 12% per annum and is
payable in full on September 17, 2011. As of October 31, 2010, the
Company has accrued $1,447 in interest on this note.
During
the twelve months ended October 2010, the Company borrowed approximately
$2,592,541 from related parties and shareholders. These borrowings were in
the forms of informal loans with no formal written agreements stipulating their
terms.
NOTE
9. TAXES
The
Company has not recognized an income tax benefit for its operating
losses generated since inception based on uncertainties concerning its ability
to generate sufficient taxable income in future periods. The tax
benefit for the periods presented is offset by a valuation allowance established
against deferred tax assets arising from operating losses and other temporary
differences, the realization of which could not be considered more likely than
not. In future periods, tax benefits and related deferred tax assets
will be recognized when management considers realization of such amounts to be
more likely than not. As of October 31, 2010, the Company incurred
consolidated losses of approximately $39,817,733.
Set-off
& Carry-forward of Losses
Business
losses incurred in a tax year can be set off against any other income earned
during that year, except capital gains. In the absence of adequate profits
unabsorbed depreciation can be carried forward and set off against profits of
the next assessment year, without any time limit. Unabsorbed business losses can
be carried forward and set off against business profits of subsequent years for
a period of eight years; the unabsorbed depreciation element in the loss can
however, be carried forward indefinitely. However, this carry forward benefit is
not available to closely-held (private) companies in which there has been no
continuity of business or shareholding pattern. Also, any change in beneficial
interest in the shares of the company exceeding 51 per cent disqualifies the
private company from the carry forward benefit.
F -
13
Clenergen
Corporation is an advanced development stage company incorporated in the State
of Nevada and is subject to United States of America tax
law. Clenergen Corporation did not have any taxable income for the
years ended October 31, 2010 and 2009 and no provision for income taxes has been
made for the United States.
Clenergen
Corporation Administrative Services Limited’s office operates from
the United Kingdom and its functional currency is the British
Pound. As such, the Company’s earnings are subject to the tax law of
the United Kingdom, generally subject to a statutory small company’s rate of
22%. Operations in the UK resulted in zero taxable income for the
years ended October 31, 2010 and 2009 and therefore no provision for income
taxes has been made for the United Kingdom.
Clenergen
India Private Ltd is a 99.99% owned subsidiary of Clenergen
Corporation. The effective corporate income tax rate for foreign
companies is 30.09%. As of October 31, 2010, the Company did not
realize any taxable income and no provision for income taxes has been made for
India.
Deferred tax
assets
At
October 31, 2010, the Company has available for income tax purposes net
operating loss (“NOL”) carry-forwards of $39,817,733 that may be used to offset
future taxable income. No tax benefit has been reported with respect to
these net operating loss carry-forwards in the accompanying consolidated
financial statements since the Company believes that the realization of its net
deferred tax assets of approximately $9 million is not considered “more
likely than not” and accordingly, the potential tax benefits of the net loss
carry-forwards are fully offset by a full valuation allowance of $9
million.
Deferred
tax assets consist primarily of the tax effect of NOL carry-forwards.
The Company has provided a full valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets
because of the uncertainty regarding its realizability. The valuation
allowance increased by approximately $8 million for the year ended October 31,
2010.
Components
of deferred tax assets as of October 31, 2010 and 2009 are as
follows:
October 31,
|
October 31,
|
|||||||
|
2010
|
2009
|
||||||
Net
deferred tax assets - Non-current:
|
||||||||
|
||||||||
Expected
income tax benefit from NOL carry-forwards
|
$
|
9,001,029
|
$
|
1,116,839
|
||||
Less
Valuation Allowance
|
(9,001,029
|
)
|
(1,116,839
|
)
|
||||
Deferred
tax assets, net of valuation allowance
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
Income taxes in the
consolidated statements of income
A
reconciliation of the UK and Indian statutory income tax rates and the effective
income tax rate as a percentage of income before income taxes is as
follows:
For the Year Ended
|
||||||||
|
October 31,
|
October 31,
|
||||||
2010
|
2009
|
|||||||
United
States statutory rate
|
15.00
|
%
|
15.00
|
%
|
||||
United
Kingdom statutory rate
|
22.00
|
%
|
21.00
|
%
|
||||
Indian
statutory rate
|
30.09
|
%
|
30.09
|
%
|
||||
Increase
(reduction) in income taxes resulting from:
|
||||||||
Net
Operating Loss (“NOL”) carry-forwards
|
(67.09
|
)%
|
(67.09
|
)%
|
||||
Effective
Income Tax Rate
|
0.0
|
%
|
0.0
|
%
|
F -
14
Uncertain
Tax Positions
A loss
contingency is recognized when it is probable that a liability has been incurred
as of the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be
reasonably estimated. The amount recognized is subject to estimate and
management judgment with respect to the likely outcome of each uncertain tax
position.
NOTE
10. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Between
October 31, 2010 and January 31, 2011, The Company sold an aggregate of 673,046
shares of our common stock to a total of nine purchasers in private transactions
The Company conducted in Germany. Gross proceeds from such sales
totaled approximately $430,000, selling commissions and other sale expenses
totaled $172,000, resulting in net proceeds of $258,000. The Company
believes that the issuances of these aggregate 673,046 shares are exempt from
the registration requirements of the Securities Act, by reason of the exemption
from registration granted under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act due to the
fact that the issuance of the shares was conducted in a transaction not
involving any public offering.
Effective
February 1, 2011, the Company entered into a three-year lease for a 5,000 square
foot facility in Chennai, India. The total rental cost for this new
facility is $6,000 per month (excluding taxes). The Company has the
right to terminate the lease in the third year of the lease term without
incurring any penalties.
F -
15