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EX-21 - LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES - Simulations Plus, Inc.simulations_10q-ex21.htm
EX-32 - CERTIFICATION - Simulations Plus, Inc.simulations_10q-ex3201.htm
EX-31.1 - CERTIFICATION - Simulations Plus, Inc.simulations_10q-ex3101.htm
EX-31.2 - CERTIFICATION - Simulations Plus, Inc.simulations_10q-ex3102.htm



SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC  20549

FORM 10-Q

x Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Security Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended November 30, 2010

  OR

o Transmission Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Security Exchange Act of 1937
For the transition period from ______ to ______

  Commission file number:  001-32046

Simulations Plus, Inc.
(Name of registrant as specified in its charter)

California
95-4595609
(State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
(I.R.S. Employer identification No.)

42505 10th Street West
Lancaster, CA  93534-7059
(Address of principal executive offices including zip code)

(661) 723-7723
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filings requirements for the past 90 days.Yes x  No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes o  No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):
 
o  Large accelerated filer
o  Accelerated filer
o  Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
x   Smaller reporting company
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o  No x

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, as of January 12, 2011 was 15,499,961 and no shares of preferred stock were outstanding.
 


 
 

 


Simulations Plus, Inc.
FORM 10-Q
For the Quarterly Period Ended November 30, 2010

 
 
PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION
     
Item 1.
Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Page
     
 
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at November 30, 2010 (unaudited) and August 31, 2010 (audited)
2
     
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended November 30, 2010 and 2009 (unaudited)
3
     
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended November 30, 2010 and 2009 (unaudited)
4
     
 
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
5
     
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operations
 
     
 
General
15
     
 
Results of Operations
20
     
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
22
     
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
22
     
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
22
     
 
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
     
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
23
     
Item 1A
Risk Factors
23
     
Item 2.
Changes in Securities
23
     
Item 3.
Defaults upon Senior Securities
23
     
Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
23
     
Item 5.
Other Information
23
     
Item 6.
Exhibits
23
     
Signature
 
24
 
 
 

 
 
Part I.  Financial Information
Item 1.  Financial Statements
 
SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
at November 30, 2010 (Unaudited) and August 31, 2010 (Audited) 

 
ASSETS
 
   
November 30,
   
August 31,
 
   
2010
   
2010
 
Current assets
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 8,873,080     $ 9,631,762  
Income tax refund receivable
    259,434       225,510  
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts and estimated contractual discounts of $395,358 and $421.118
    1,537,713       1,291,350  
Contracts receivable
    166,669       184,081  
Inventory
    522,478       554,867  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    105,193       138,163  
Deferred income taxes
    310,024       364,264  
Total current assets
    11,774,591       12,389,997  
                 
Capitalized computer software development costs, net of accumulated amortization of $4,674,008 and $4,487,757
    2,187,458       2,186,419  
Property and equipment, net (note 3)
    75,364       55,984  
Customer relationships, net of accumulated amortization of $120,935 and $118,442
    7,107       9,600  
Other assets
    18,445       18,445  
                 
Total assets
  $ 14,062,965     $ 14,660,445  
                 
                 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
Current liabilities
               
Accounts payable
  $ 309,480     $ 239,424  
Accrued payroll and other expenses
    506,632       511,106  
Accrued bonuses to officer
    103,402       60,000  
Accrued income taxes
    102,914       261,861  
Accrued warranty and service costs
    39,605       35,586  
Deferred revenue
    33,170       96,092  
Total current liabilities
    1,095,203       1,204,069  
                 
Long-term liabilities
               
Deferred income taxes
    486,072       410,523  
                 
Total liabilities
    1,581,275       1,614,592  
                 
Commitments and contingencies (note 4)
               
                 
Shareholders' equity (note 5)
               
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value 10,000,000 shares authorized no shares issued and outstanding
    -       -  
Common stock, $0.001 par value 50,000,000 shares authorized 15,501,979 and 15,833,006 shares issued and outstanding
    3,973       4,304  
Additional paid-in capital
    4,759,943       5,891,268  
Retained earnings
    7,717,774       7,150,281  
                 
Total shareholders' equity
    12,481,690       13,045,853  
                 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
  $ 14,062,965     $ 14,660,445  
                 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
2

 
 
SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the three months ended November 30,
(Unaudited)

 
   
2010
   
2009
 
             
Net sales
  $ 2,811,286     $ 2,437,052  
                 
Cost of sales
    740,983       606,889  
                 
Gross profit
    2,070,303       1,830,163  
                 
Operating expenses
               
Selling, general, and administrative
    1,062,375       1,004,273  
Research and development
    208,039       261,325  
                 
Total operating expenses
    1,270,414       1,265,598  
                 
Income from operations
    799,889       564,565  
                 
Other income (expense)
               
Interest income
    24,641       22,486  
Miscellaneous income
    231       231  
Gain on currency exchange
    -       73,232  
Gain on sale of assets
    -       1,024  
Interest expense
    (118 )     (302 )
                 
Total other income (expense)
    24,754       96,671  
                 
Income before income taxes
    824,643       661,236  
                 
Provision for income taxes
    (257,150 )     (231,433 )
                 
Net income
  $ 567,493     $ 429,803  
                 
Basic earnings per share
  $ 0.04     $ 0.03  
                 
Diluted earnings per share
  $ 0.03     $ 0.03  
                 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding
               
                 
Basic
    15,691,345       15,648,630  
                 
Diluted
    16,525,142       16,775,287  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
3

 
 
SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the three months ended November 30,
(Unaudited)

 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Cash flows from operating activities
           
Net income
  $ 567,493     $ 429,803  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
               
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment
    7,051       6,377  
Amortization of customer relationships
    2,493       3,989  
Amortization of capitalized computer software development costs
    186,250       150,396  
Bad debts
    -       (12,901 )
Stock-based compensation
    45,006       52,450  
Gain on sale of equipment
    -       (1,024 )
Deferred income taxes
    129,789       -  
(Increase) decrease in
               
Accounts receivable and Contracts receivable
    (228,952     (2,619 )
Income tax refundable
    (33,924 )     (44,765 )
Inventory
    32,389       99,868  
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    32,970          
Increase (decrease) in
      100,284  
Accounts payable
    70,056       24,443  
Accrued payroll and other expenses
    (4,474 )     63,749  
Accrued Bonus
    43,402       -  
Accrued income taxes
    (158,947 )     36,591  
Accrued warranty and service costs
    4,019       (8,135 )
Deferred revenue
    (62,922 )     67,620  
                 
Net cash provided by operating activities
    631,699       966,126  
                 
Cash flows from investing activities
               
Purchases of property and equipment
    (26,431 )     (24,353 )
Capitalized computer software development costs
    (187,289 )     (200,538 )
                 
Net cash used in investing activities
    (213,720 )     (224,891 )
                 
Cash flows from financing activities
               
Repurchase of common stock
    (1,189,986 )     (285,123 )
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options
    13,325       43,743  
                 
Net cash used in financing activities     (1,176,661 )     (241,380 )
                 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
  $ (758,682 )   $ 499,855  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
    9,631,762       7,473,485  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 8,873,080     $ 7,973,340  
                 
                 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
               
                 
Interest paid
  $ 118     $ 302  
                 
Income taxes paid
  $ 320,232     $ 130,232  
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
 
4

 


Simulations Plus, Inc. and Subsidiary

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
November 30, 2010 and 2009
(Unaudited)

Note 1: GENERAL

This report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended November 30, 2010, should be read in conjunction with the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 31, 2010, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on November 29, 2010. As contemplated by the SEC under Article 8 of Regulation S-X, the accompanying financial statements and footnotes have been condensed and therefore do not contain all disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles. The interim financial data are unaudited; however, in the opinion of Simulations Plus, Inc. ("we", "our", "us"), the interim data includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods. Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of those to be expected for the full year.

 
Note 2: SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  Preparing financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses.  These estimates and assumptions are affected by management’s application of accounting policies.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.  Significant accounting policies for us include revenue recognition, accounting for capitalized computer software development costs, valuation of stock options, and accounting for income taxes.

Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Simulations Plus, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Words+, Inc.  All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenues related to software licenses and software maintenance in accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2009-14 which amends FASB ASC Topic 985, to exclude tangible products containing software components and non-software components that function together to deliver the product’s essential functionality.  Software products revenue is recorded when the following conditions are met: 1) evidence of arrangement exists, 2) delivery has been made, 3) the amount is fixed, and 4) collectability is probable.  We do not have tangible products containing software components; however, in the event we provide such products in future, we will recognize its portion of revenue when tangible products are delivered.  Post-contract customer support ("PCS") obligations are insignificant; therefore, revenue for PCS is recognized at the same time as the licensing fee, and the costs of providing such support services are accrued and amortized over the obligation period.  For Words+ products, the revenue is recorded at the time of shipment, net of estimated allowances and returns.


 
5

 

As a byproduct of ongoing improvements and upgrades for the new programs and new modules of software, some modifications are provided to customers who have already purchased software at no additional charge. Other software modifications result in new, additional cost modules that expand the functionality of the software. These are licensed separately. We consider the modifications that are provided without charge to be minimal, as they do not significantly change the basic functionality or utility of the software, but rather add convenience, such as being able to plot some additional variable on a graph in addition to the numerous variables that had been available before, or adding some additional calculations to supplement the information provided from running the software. Such software modifications for any single product have typically occurred once or twice per year, sometimes more, sometimes less. Thus, they are infrequent.  We provide, for a fee, additional training and service calls to our customers and recognize revenue at the time the training or service call is provided.

We enter into one-year license agreements with most of our customers for the use of our pharmaceutical software products.  However, from time to time, we enter into multi-year license agreements.  We unlock and invoice software one year at a time for multi-year licenses. Therefore, revenue is recognized one year at a time.

We recognize contract study revenue either equally over the term of the contract or using the percentage of completion method, depending upon how the contract studies are engaged, in accordance with FASB ASC 605-35.  To recognize revenue using the percentage of completion method, we must determine whether we meet the following criteria:  1) there is a long-term, legally enforceable contract, 2) it is possible to reasonably estimate the total project costs, and 3) it is possible to reasonably estimate the extent of progress toward completion.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
For purposes of the statements of cash flows, we consider all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable
The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses that may arise if any of its customers are unable to make required payments.  Management specifically analyzes the age of customer balances, historical bad debt experience, customer credit-worthiness, and changes in customer payment terms when making estimates of the collectability of the Company’s trade accounts receivable balances.  If the Company determines that the financial conditions of any of its customers deteriorated, whether due to customer-specific or general economic issues, an increase in the allowance may be made.  Accounts receivable are written off when all collection attempts have failed.  The Company also estimates the contractual discount obligation for third party funding such as Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurance companies.  Those estimated discounts are reflected in the allowance for doubtful accounts and contractual discounts.

Inventory
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out basis) or market and consists primarily of computers and peripheral computer equipment.

Capitalized Computer Software Development Costs
Software development costs are capitalized in accordance with FASB ASC 985-20.  Capitalization of software development costs begins upon the establishment of technological feasibility and is discontinued when the product is available for sale.

 
6

 


The establishment of technological feasibility and the ongoing assessment for recoverability of capitalized software development costs require considerable judgment by management with respect to certain external factors including, but not limited to, technological feasibility, anticipated future gross revenues, estimated economic life, and changes in software and hardware technologies. Capitalized software development costs are comprised primarily of salaries and direct payroll-related costs and the purchase of existing software to be used in our software products.

Amortization of capitalized software development costs is provided on a product-by-product basis on the straight-line method over the estimated economic life of the products (not to exceed five years).  Amortization of software development costs amounted to $186,250 and $150,396 for the three months ended November 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.  We expect future amortization expense to vary due to increases in capitalized computer software development costs.

We test capitalized computer software development costs for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.

Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization.  Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows:

Equipment
5 years
Computer equipment
3 to 7 years
Furniture and fixtures
5 to 7 years
Leasehold improvements
Shorter of life of asset or lease

Maintenance and minor replacements are charged to expense as incurred.  Gains and losses on disposals are included in the results of operations.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. The categories, as defined by the standard are as follows:

Level Input:
 
Input Definition:
Level I
 
Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets at the measurement date.
Level II
 
Inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level I, that are observable for the asset or liability through corroboration with market data at the measurement date.
Level III
 
Unobservable inputs that reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.

The following table summarizes fair value measurements by level at November 30, 2010 for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

   
Level I
   
Level II
   
Level III
   
Total
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 8,873,080     $ -     $ -     $ 8,873,080  
                                 
Total
  $ 8,873,080     $ -     $ -     $ 8,873,080  


 
7

 

For certain of our financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued payroll and other expenses, accrued bonuses to officers, and accrued warranty and service costs, the amounts approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

Shipping and Handling
Shipping and handling costs, recorded as cost of sales, amounted to $18,880 and $28,293 for the three months ended November 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred until technological feasibility has been established. These costs consist primarily of salaries and direct payroll-related costs.  It also includes purchased software and databases which were developed by other companies and incorporated into, or used in the development of, our final products.

Income Taxes
We utilize FASB ASC 740-10 which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns.

Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year-end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income.  Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.  The provision for income taxes represents the tax payable for the period and the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Customer relationships
The Company purchased customer relationships as a part of the acquisition of certain assets of Bioreason, Inc. in November 2005.  Customer relationships was recorded at a cost of $128,042, and is being amortized over 78 months under the sum-of-the-years’-digits method.  Amortization expense for the three months ended November 30, 2010 and 2009 amounted to $2,493 and $3,989, respectively.  Accumulated amortization as of November 30, 2010 and 2009 was $120,935 and $108,717, respectively.

Earnings per Share
We report earnings per share in accordance with FASB ASC 260-10.  Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares available.  Diluted earnings per share is computed similar to basic earnings per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common shares had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive.  The components of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended November 30, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:


 
8

 


   
11/30/2010
   
11/30/2009
 
Numerator            
Net income attributable to common shareholders
  $ 567,493     $ 429,803  
Denominator                
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the 3 months of FY11 and FY10
    15,691,345       15,648,630  
Dilutive effect of stock options
    833,797       1,126,657  
Common stock and common stock equivalents used for diluted earning per share
    16,525,142       16,775,287  

Stock-Based Compensation
Compensation costs related to stock options are determined in accordance with FASB ASC 718-10 using the modified prospective method.  Under this method, compensation cost includes: (1) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of September 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS No. 123 amortized over the options’ vesting period, and (2) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to September 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance FASB ASC 718-10, amortized on a straight-line basis over the options’ vesting period.  Stock-based compensation was $45,006 and $52,450 for the three months ended November 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and is included in the consolidated statements of operations as Selling, General and Administration (SG&A), and Research and Development expense.

Concentrations and Uncertainties
International sales accounted for 34% and 31% of net sales for the three months ended November 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. For Simulations Plus, Inc. (pharmaceutical segment), four customers accounting for 29%, 11%, 10%, and 8% of net sales during the three months ended November 30, 2010, compared with four customers accounting for 40%, 9%, 8%, and 8% of net sales during the three months ended November 30, 2009.

For Words+, Inc., the third party billings, which include various government agencies, accounted for 65% of net sales during the three months ended November 30, 2010, compared with 72% of net sales during the three months ended November 30, 2009.  If changes are made in government funding policies for Words+ products, Words+ revenue may be impacted.  We continually evaluate and monitor regulatory developments in funding matters, and we do not expect Medicare and Medicaid of all 50 states to discontinue their funding of Words+ products; however, there can be no assurances that the current level of revenue from third parties will continue.

We operate in the computer software industry, which is highly competitive and changes rapidly.  The Company's operating results could be significantly affected by its ability to develop new products and find new distribution channels for new and existing products.

For Simulations Plus (pharmaceutical segment), four customers comprised 25% (a dealer account representing various customers), 23%, 18%, and 10% of its accounts receivable at November 30, 2010, and three customers comprised 20% (a dealer account representing various customers), 19%, 17%, and 11% of accounts receivable at November 30, 2009.   For Words+, the third party billings comprised 87% and one school district comprised 8% of its accounts receivable at November 30, 2010, and the third party billings comprised 92% of its accounts receivable at November 30, 2009.  We have three dedicated funding/billing personnel who continually track the third party billing collections.

Our subsidiary, Words+, Inc., purchases components for its main computer products from four manufacturers. Words+, Inc. also uses a number of pictographic symbols that are used in its software products which are licensed from a third party. The inability of the Company to obtain computers used in its products or to renew its licensing agreement to use pictographic symbols could negatively impact the Company's financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

 
9

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2009-14 which amends FASB ASC Topis 985 to exclude tangible products containing software components and non-software components that function together to deliver the product’s essential functionality.  ASU 2009-14 applies to revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010, with early application permitted.  We adopted this standard in this first quarter of fiscal 2011 and believe adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In September 2009, the FASB issued ASU 2009-13, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables”.  ASU 2009-13 amends FASB ASC Topic 605 to require an entity to use an estimated selling price when vendor-specific objective evidence or acceptable third-party evidence does not exist for any products or services included in a multiple element arrangement.  The arrangement consideration should be allocated among the products and services based upon their relative selling prices, thus eliminating the use of the residual method of allocation.  ASU 2009-13 also requires expanded qualitative and quantitative disclosures regarding significant judgments made and changes in applying the guidance.  ASU 2009-13 applies to fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2010, with early application permitted.  We adopted this standard in this first quarter of fiscal 2011 and believe adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 
Note 3:  PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment as of November 30, 2010 consisted of the following:

Equipment
  $ 107,261  
Computer equipment
    403,635  
Furniture and fixtures
    61,498  
Automobile
    21,769  
Leasehold improvements
    53,898  
     Sub total
    648,061  
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization
    (572,697 )
     Net Book Value
    75,364  

 
Note 4:  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Employment Agreement
On August 31, 2009, the Company entered into an employment agreement with its President/Chief Executive Officer that expires in August 2011.  The employment agreement provides for an annual base salary of $275,000 per year, and a performance bonus in an amount not to exceed 10% of Employee’s salary, or $27,500 per year, at the end of each fiscal year.  The specific amount of the bonus to be awarded will be determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, based on the financial performance and achievements of the Company for the previous fiscal year.  The agreement also provides Employee stock options, exercisable for five years, to purchase fifty (50) shares of Common Stock for each one thousand dollars ($1,000) of net income before taxes at the end of each fiscal year up to a maximum of 120,000 options over the term of the agreement.  The Company may terminate the agreement upon 30 days' written notice if termination is without cause.  The Company's only obligation would be to pay its President the greater of a) 12 months salary or b) the remainder of the term of the employment agreement from the date of notice of termination.


 
10

 

Litigation
We are not a party to any litigation at this time and is not aware of any pending litigation of any kind.


Note 5: SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Stock Repurchase
On October 23, 2008, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program (Phase I) enabling the buyback of up to $2.5 million in shares during a 12-month period beginning Monday, October 27, 2008.  The actual repurchase started on December 2, 2008; therefore the Board of Directors extended it through December 1, 2009 in order to have a full 12-month period.  We opened an account with Morgan Stanley Smith Barney for the purchase of such securities. Funds for any stock purchases are drawn from our cash reserves.   Under the Phase I repurchase program, we repurchased 1,026,483 shares at an average price of $1.3182, for a total expenditure of $1,197,540 including commissions paid to a broker.

On January 10, 2010, the Board of Directors authorized a renewed share repurchase program (Phase II) effective as of February 15, 2010.  The renewed program enables the Company to buy back up to one million shares during a 12-month period.

The details of repurchases made under Phase II program is listed in the table below. Our total expenditure for Phase II repurchases as of November 30, 2010 was $1,958,970 including commissions paid to a broker, which brings the totals for combined Phase I and Phase II repurchases to 1,774,572 shares at an average price of $1.8850 and a total expenditure of $3,917,940 as of November 30, 2010.


Period
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
Average Price Paid
per Share
Remaining Shares
Authorized for Repurchase
 Under the Share
Repurchase Plan – Phase II
04/01/10 to 04/30/10
86,976
$2.2237
913,024
05/01/10 to 05/31/10
170,101
$2.3515
742,923
06/01/10 to 06/30/10
33,665
$2.3670
709,258
07/01/10 to 07/31/10
18,789
$2.4433
690,469
08/01/10 to 08/31/10
10,878
$2.4283
679,591
09/01/10 to 09/30/10
81,070
$2.6969
598,521
10/01/10 to 10/31/10
170,494
$3.1671
428,027
11/01/10 to 11/30/10
146,116
$2.9523
281,911
 
Phase II Total
718,089
$2.6952
 

Stock Option Plan
In September 1996, the Board of Directors adopted, and the shareholders approved, the 1996 Stock Option Plan (the "Option Plan") under which a total of 1,000,000 shares of common stock had been reserved for issuance.  In March 1999, the shareholders approved an increase in the number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 2,000,000.  In February 2000, the shareholders approved an increase in the number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 4,000,000.  In December 2000, the shareholders approved an increase in the number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 5,000,000.  Furthermore, in February 2005, the shareholders approved an additional 1,000,000 shares, resulting in the total number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 6,000,000. The 1996 Stock Option Plan terminated in September 2006 by its term.

 
11

 


On February 23, 2007, the Board of Directors adopted and the shareholders approved the 2007 Stock Option Plan under which a total of 1,000,000 shares of common stock had been reserved for issuance.

TRANSACTIONS IN FY 2010

   
Number of Options
   
Weighted-
Average Exercise
Price
Per Share
   
Weighted-
Average
Remaining Contractual Life
 
                   
Outstanding, August 31, 2010
    1,493,902     $ 1.13        
Exercised
    (72,500 )   $ 0.41        
Expired / Cancelled
    (102,666 )   $ 1.62        
Granted
    20,000     $ 3.27        
Outstanding, November 30,  2010
    1,338,736     $ 1.16       4.227  
Exercisable, November 30, 2010
    913,536     $ 0.92       3.371  
 
 
The fair value of the options granted during the first fiscal quarter of 2011 is estimated at $33,752.  The fair value of these options was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions for the fiscal quarter ended November 30, 2010: dividend yield of 0%, pre-vest forfeiture rate of 4.53%, expected volatility of 79.70%, risk-free interest rate of 1.17%, and expected life of 5.0 years.

The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options, which do not have vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility. Because the Company's employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management's opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its employee stock options.

The weighted-average remaining contractual life of options outstanding issued under the Plan was 4.2 years at November 30, 2010.  The exercise prices for the options outstanding at November 30, 2010 ranged from $0.26 to $3.27, and the information relating to these options is as follows:


Exercise Price
   
Awards Outstanding
   
Awards Exercisable
 
Low
   
High
   
Quantity
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   
Quantity
 
Weighted
Average
 Remaining
 Contractual
Life
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
$ 0.26     $ 0.75       319,736  
0.5 years
  $ 0.35       319,736  
0.4 years
  $ 0.35  
$ 0.76     $ 1.25       725,000  
5.6 years
  $ 1.08       544,200  
4.7 years
  $ 1.11  
$ 1.26     $ 3.27       294,000  
4.9 years
  $ 2.25       49,600  
  7.4 years
  $ 2.50  
                  1,338,736  
4.2 years
  $ 1.16       913,536  
3.4 years
  $ 0.92  


 
12

 

Other Stock Options
As of November 30, 2010, the Board of Directors holds options to purchase 71,000 shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $0.30 to $6.68, which were granted prior to August 31, 2010.

 
Transactions in FY10
 
Number of
Options
   
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Per Share
 
             
Outstanding, August 31, 2010
    71,000     $ 2.02  
Granted
    -     $ -  
Exercised
    -     $ -  
Expired
    -     $ -  
Outstanding, November 30, 2010
    71,000     $ 2.02  
Exercisable, November 30, 2010
    48,500     $ 1.98  


Note 7:  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

As of November 30, 2010, included in accrued bonuses to officers was $103,402, of which $60,000 represents 5% of the Company's FY10 net income before bonuses and taxes, not exceeding $60,000, paid to the Corporate Secretary, Virginia Woltosz, as an annual bonus as part of the terms of the sale of Words+ to Simulations Plus in 1996.  This last fiscal year’s bonus was paid in December 2010.

The accrued bonuses to officers at November 30, 2010 also include the bonus accrued for the first fiscal quarter of FY11 in the amount of $43,402.  This amount represents 5% of the net income before bonuses and taxes, not exceeding $60,000, paid to the Corporate Secretary as part of the terms of the sale of Words+ to Simulations Plus in 1996.

 
Note 8:  SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC REPORTING

We account for segments and geographic revenues in accordance with guidance issued by FASB.  Our reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different products and services.  Results for each segment and consolidated results are as follows for the three months ended November 30, 2010 and 2009 (in thousands):

November 30, 2010
 
   
Simulations Plus,
Inc
   
Words +,
Inc.
   
Eliminations
   
Total
 
Net Sales
  $ 2,050     $ 761           $ 2,811  
Income (loss) from operations
    810       (10 )           800  
Identifiable assets
    14,226       1,606     $ (1,395 )     14,437  
Capital expenditures
    0       26               26  
Depreciation and Amortization
    186       10               196  


 
13

 


November 30, 2009
 
   
Simulations Plus,
Inc
   
Words +,
Inc.
   
Eliminations
   
Total
 
Net Sales
  $ 1,735     $ 702           $ 2,437  
Income (loss) from operations
    578       (13 )           565  
Identifiable assets
    12,435       2,032     $ (1,639 )     12,828  
Capital expenditures
    14       10               24  
Depreciation and Amortization
    147       14               161  

In addition, the Company allocates revenues to geographic areas based on the locations of its customers.  Geographical revenues for the three months ended November 30, 2010 and 2009 were as follows (in thousands):
 
 November 30, 2010  
   
North
 America
   
Europe
   
Asia
   
Oceania
   
South
America
   
Total
 
Simulations Plus, Inc.
  $ 1,250     $ 470     $ 330     $ -     $ -     $ 2,050  
Words+, Inc.
    730       2       3       24       2       761  
Total
    1,980       472       333       24       2       2,811  

 
 November 30, 2009   
   
North
America
   
Europe
   
Asia
   
Oceania
   
South
America
   
Total
 
Simulations Plus, Inc.
  $ 995     $ 425     $ 315     $ -     $ -     $ 1,735  
Words+, Inc.
    686       9       -       7       -       702  
Total
    1,681       434       315       7       -       2,437  

 
Note 9:  EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN

We maintain a 401(K) Plan for all eligible employees, and we make matching contributions equal to 100% of the employee’s elective deferral, not to exceed 4% of total employee compensation.  We can also elect to make a profit-sharing contribution.  Our contributions to this Plan amounted to $23,320 and $21,208 for the three months ended November 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.


Note 10:  SUBSEQUENT EVENT

Since December 2010, we have continued buying back our own shares, and subject to acceptable market conditions, we plan to continue repurchasing shares in accordance with our Phase II share repurchase plan, which authorizes up to one million shares through February 14, 2011.  The details of shares repurchased are listed in the following table:

Period
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
Average Price
Paid per Share
Remaining Shares 
Authorized to
Purchase Under the
Share Repurchase Plan
12/01/10 to 12/31/10
41,214
$2.5716
240,697
01/01/11 through 01/12/11
56,804
$2.7602
183,893
Total
98,018
$2.6809
 
 
 
From December 1, 2010 to January 12, 2011, an additional 94,000 shares were issued as results of options exercised.
 
14

 

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

This document and the documents incorporated in this document by reference contain forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this document and the materials accompanying this document are forward-looking statements.
 
The forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs of our management, as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to our management. Frequently, but not always, forward-looking statements are identified by the use of the future tense and by words such as “believes,” expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “will,” “may,” “could,” “would,” “projects,” “continues,” “estimates” or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results could differ materially from those indicated by the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.
 
The forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by reference in this document are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”) and are subject to the safe harbor created by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements include declarations regarding our plans, intentions, beliefs or current expectations.
 
Among the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by forward-looking statements are the risks and uncertainties described under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report and elsewhere in this document and in our other filings with the SEC.
 
Forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. The forward-looking statements included in this document are made as of the date of this document and we do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect new information, subsequent events or otherwise.


General

BUSINESS

Simulations Plus, Inc. (together with its subsidiary referred to as the “Company,” “us,” “we,” or “our”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, Words+, Inc. (“Words+”) produce different types of products: (1) Simulations Plus, incorporated in 1996, develops and produces software for use in pharmaceutical research and for education, as well as provides contract research services to the pharmaceutical industry.  Simulations Plus has also taken over responsibility for producing a personal productivity software program called Abbreviate! originally spun out of products for the disabled by Words+ for the retail market, and (2) Words+, founded in 1981, produces computer software and specialized hardware for use by persons with disabilities. For the purposes of this document, we sometimes refer to the two businesses as “Simulations Plus” when referring to the business that is pharmaceutical software and services, educational software, and Abbreviate!, and “Words+” when referring to the business that is focused on assistive technologies for persons with disabilities.

 
15

 


SIMULATIONS PLUS

We currently offer four software products for pharmaceutical research: ADMET Predictor™, MedChem Studio™ (formerly known as ClassPharmer™), DDDPlus™, and GastroPlus™.

ADMET Predictor™
ADMET Predictor is a computer program that takes molecular structures as inputs and predicts about 90 different properties for them at the rate of about 200,000 compounds per hour on a fast personal computer. This capability means that a chemist can process a huge number of molecules through ADMET Predictor in a very short time, and can identify those molecules that are sure to fail as potential drug candidate without the need to ever synthesize and test them. The gain in productivity using these in silico (computer) predictions is enormous. Millions of “virtual” compounds can be created and screened in a day compared to months of work to synthesize and test a few hundred actual compounds. The ability to eliminate obvious poor compounds enables chemists to investigate a much larger “chemical space” in their search for new medicines. New predictions for metabolism and toxicity are among the expanded properties that have been added in recent months and will be included in a new version with release expected in the second quarter.
Pharmaceutical companies spend enormous amounts of money conducting a wide variety of experiments on new molecules each year. Using their own proprietary data to build predictive models provides a second return on this investment; however, in the past, model building has traditionally been a tedious activity performed by specialists. The ADMET Modeler program that is integrated into ADMET Predictor enables scientists without model-building experience to use their own experimental data to quickly create proprietary, high-quality predictive models.

MedChem Studio™
MedChem Studio has become a powerful tool for medicinal and computational chemists for both data mining and for designing new drug-like molecules. Coupled with the top-rated property predictions in ADMET Predictor, the two programs provide an unmatched capability for chemists to search through large libraries of compounds that have undergone high throughput screening experiments to find the most promising classes and molecules that are active against a particular target. In addition, MedChem Studio with ADMET Predictor can take an interesting (but not acceptable) molecule and very quickly generate high quality analogs (i.e., similar new molecules) using a variety of design algorithms to generate new molecules that are predicted to be both active against the target as well as acceptable in a variety of ADMET properties.

MedChem Studio’s molecule design capabilities provide a number of ways for chemists to rapidly generate large numbers of novel chemical structures based on intelligence from compounds that have already been synthesized and tested, or from basic chemical reactions selected by the user. Export of results is available in Microsoft Excel™ format as well as other convenient file formats requested by users.

DDDPlus
DDDPlus simulates in vitro laboratory experiments that measure the rate of dissolution of the drug contained in tablets and capsules in a variety of experimental conditions. This one-of-a-kind software program is used by formulation scientists to reduce the number of cut-and-try attempts to design new drug formulations, as well as to design in vitro experiments to better mimic in vivo conditions.

 
16

 


GastroPlus
GastroPlus simulates the absorption, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of drugs administered to humans and animals, and is currently in use at numerous pharmaceutical companies, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies in the U.S. and other countries.

The insight gained through GastroPlus simulations can guide project decisions in various ways. Among the kinds of knowledge gained through such simulations are: (1) the best estimate for “first dose in human” for a new drug prior to Phase I trials, (2) whether a potential new drug compound is likely to be absorbed at high enough levels to achieve the desired blood concentrations needed for effective therapy, (3) whether the absorption process is affected by certain enzymes and transporter proteins in the intestinal tract that may cause the amount of drug reaching the blood to be very different after absorption from one region of the intestine to another, (4) when certain properties of a new compound are probably adequately estimated by in silico predictions (such as from ADMET Predictor) or from simple experiments, rather than through more expensive and time-consuming in vitro or animal experiments, (5) what the likely variations in blood and tissue concentration levels of a new drug would be in a large population, in different age groups or in different ethnic groups, and (6) whether a new formulation for an existing approved drug is likely to demonstrate “bioequivalence” (equivalent blood concentration versus time) to the currently marketed dosage form in a human trial (important for generic drug companies and the Office of Generic Drugs at the FDA, which has numerous licenses for GastroPlus).

Our marketing intelligence and reorder history indicate that GastroPlus continues to dominate its market niche in the number of users worldwide. In addition to virtually every major pharmaceutical company, licenses include government agencies in the U.S and abroad, a growing number of smaller pharmaceutical and biotech companies, generic drug companies, and drug delivery companies (companies that design the tablet or capsule for a drug compound that was developed by another company). Although these companies are smaller than the pharmaceutical giants, we believe they can also save considerable time and money through simulation. We believe this part of the industry, which we believe includes a few thousand companies, represents major growth potential for GastroPlus. Our experience has been that the number of new companies adopting GastroPlus continues to grow steadily, adding to the base of annual license renewals each year. Recent consolidations by larger companies have not adversely affected our sales to date. In fact, because of the increased need for improving productivity, those companies have often adopted in silico tools at ever-greater levels, with the result that large company licenses have often increased at renewal time even in the face of such consolidation.

Contract Research and Consulting Services
Our recognized world-class expertise in oral absorption and pharmacokinetics is evidenced by the fact that our staff members have been speakers or presenters at over 50 prestigious scientific meetings worldwide in the past five years. We frequently conduct contracted studies for large customers (including top 5 pharmaceutical companies) who have particularly difficult problems and who recognize our expertise in solving them, as well as for smaller customers who prefer to have studies run by our scientists rather than to license our software and train someone to use it. The demand for our consulting services has been increasing steadily, and we expect this trend to continue. Long-term collaborations and shorter-term consulting contracts serve both to showcase our technologies and to build and strengthen customer relationships.


 
17

 

Government-Funded Research
We are well along in our $525,000 Phase II Small Business Innovation Research (“SBIR”) grant awarded by the National Institutes of Health (“NIH”). This SBIR grant has provided funds that allowed us to expand staff and grow the product line without adversely affecting earnings, because the expenses associated with the efforts in the grant study are funded largely through the grant with some company support. The improvements to ADMET Predictor under this grant have allowed us to build new models for prediction of metabolic sites (i.e., predicting which atoms in a molecule have the highest propensity for metabolism by the most common metabolizing enzymes in human). This is a very powerful capability that will enhance not only ADMET Predictor, but also the MedChem Studio/ADMET Predictor combination for design of new molecules. We expect release of this new capability in the second quarter.


WORDS+ SUBSIDIARY

PRODUCTS
Our wholly owned subsidiary, Words+, Inc., has been an industry pioneer and technology leader for over 28 years, focused on introducing and improving augmentative and alternative communication and computer access software and devices for people with disabilities. Words+ introduced EyeProTM, an eyegaze product, at a national conference during March, 2010. Eyegaze technology allows people to operate a computer or communication device by simply looking at the computer screen, and has been a major breakthrough for people with severe disabilities. The addition of EyeProTM to our product line significantly increases the effectiveness of our sales network, as many of our distributors were previously selling a different eyegaze product, and our in-house sales employees had no eyegaze product to offer. When EyeProTM is combined with our EZKeysTM software, it becomes one of the most powerful ways to operate standard Windows applications using only the eyes. EyeProTM also combines with MindExpressTM to allow students or anyone operating below the full professional productive mode to chat, send email, and make phone calls, etc. from inside MindExpressTM using special features to make the process easier.

STRATEGY

Our business strategy is to do the things we need to do to promote growth both organically (by expanding our current products and services through in-house efforts) and by acquisition. We believe that the fundamental science and technology that underlies our business units are the keys to improving our existing products and to expanding the product line with new products that meet our various customers’ needs. Acquisition continues to be a high priority and we have spent considerable time and effort searching for suitable acquisition opportunities for several years. Our three completed acquisitions to date (two on the pharmaceutical side of the business and one on the disability products side) have all proved to be immediately accretive, adding to both revenues and earnings. Due diligence meetings with a number of potential companies over the past several years have resulted either in discovery of factors that made them unsuitable, or in financial terms and conditions that would not have been favorable to our shareholders.  We continue to search for suitable acquisitions and we consider this to be a high-priority activity.


 
18

 

Results of Operations

Comparison of Three Months Ended November 30, 2010 and 2009.

The following table sets forth our consolidated statements of operations (in thousands) and the percentages that such items bear to net sales:


   
Three Months Ended
 
   
11/30/10
   
11/30/09
 
Net sales
  $ 2,811       100 %   $ 2,437       100 %
Cost of sales
    741       26.4       607       24.9  
Gross profit
    2,070       73.6       1,830       75.1  
Selling, general and administrative
    1,062       37.8       1,004       41.2  
Research and development
    208       7.4       261       10.7  
Total operating expenses
    1,270       45.2       1,265       51.9  
Income from operations
    800       28.5       565       23.2  
Other income
    25       0.9       96       3.9  
Net income before taxes
    825       29.4       661       27.1  
(Provision for) income taxes
    (257 )     (9.1 )     (231 )     (9.5 )
Net income
  $ 568       20.2 %   $ 430       17.6 %


Net Sales
Consolidated net sales increased $374,000, or 15%, to $2,811,000 in the first fiscal quarter of Fiscal Year 2011 (“1QFY11”) from $2,437,000 in the first fiscal quarter of Fiscal Year 2010 (“1QFY10)”.  Sales from pharmaceutical software and services increased approximately $316,000, or 18.2%, and our Words+, Inc. subsidiary’s sales between 1QFY11 and 1QFY10 increased approximately $58,000, or 8.3%.  We attribute the increase in pharmaceutical software and services revenues due to an approximately $330,000 increase for license renewals, with the majority from new customers and orders for additional module licenses from existing customers and the first GastroPlus workshop fees which offset a decrease in funded collaborations as a result of completing all but one of these large contracts by the end of August 2010.

For Words+ sales, revenues from EyePro, Conversa™, and Freedom products increased, which outweighed a decrease in revenues from “Say-it! SAM” handheld communicators.

Cost of Sales
Consolidated cost of sales increased $134,000, or 22%, to $741,000 in Q1FY11 from $607,000 in Q1FY10, and as a percentage of revenue, cost of sales increased 2%.  For pharmaceutical software and services, cost of sales increased $64,000, or 22%; however, as a percentage of revenues, cost of sales were 17% for both Q1FY11 and Q1FY10.  A significant portion of cost of sales for pharmaceutical software products is the systematic amortization of capitalized software development costs, which is an independent fixed cost rather than a variable cost related to sales.  This amortization cost increased approximately $39,000, or 28%, in 1QFY11 compared with 1QFY10.  Royalty expense, another significant portion of cost of sales, increased approximately $19,000, or 20%, in 1QFY11 compared with 1QFY10.  We pay a royalty on the core GastroPlus software licenses but not on its optional modules.  We also pay royalties on the Enslein Metabolism Module in our ADMET Predictor software in accordance with our agreement with Enslein Research, Inc.  The cost of sales for contract studies, which consists mainly of salaries for scientists, increased approximately $6,000 due to staff expansions and increases in salary for existing employees.

For Words+, cost of sales increased $70,000 or 22%, and as a percentage of revenue, cost of sales also increased to 51% in 1QFY11 from 45% in 1QFY10.  This is due to increase in sales of EyePro, Conversa, and Freedom products which have higher bill of materials and decrease in Say-it! SAM handheld communicators which have lower bill of materials.
 
Gross Profit
Consolidated gross profit increased $240,000, or 13%, to $2,070,000 in 1QFY11 from $1,830,000 in 1QFY10.  We attribute this increase to the increased gross profit from pharmaceutical software and services which outweighed a decrease in Words+ gross profit.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Consolidated selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses increased $58,000, or 6%, to $1,062,000 in 1QFY11 from $1,004,000 in 1QFY10.  As a percent of sales, SG&A decreased to 38% from 41% in 1QFY10.  For Simulations Plus, SG&A increased $61,000, or 10%.  The major increases in SG&A expense were commissions, travel, investor relations, and salaries which outweighed decreases in bonus to officers.

For Words+, SG&A expenses decreased $3,000, or 1%, due to decreases in allowance for bad debts and decreased repair expenses, which outweighed an increase in trade show expenses.

 
19

 

Research and Development
We incurred approximately $395,000 of research and development costs for both companies during 1QFY11.  Of this amount, $187,000 was capitalized and $208,000 was expensed.  In 1QFY10, we incurred $462,000 of research and development costs, of which $201,000 was capitalized and $261,000 was expensed.  The decrease of $67,000, or 15%, in total research and development expenditures from 1QFY10 to 1QFY11 was due to the fact that our CEO spent more time in S&GA activities than R&D activities.

Other income (expense)
Net other income (expense) in 1QFY11 decreased by $71,000, or 74.0%, to $25,000 in 1QFY11 from $96,000 in 1QFY10.  This is due to the fact that we invoiced in US dollar currency rather than Japanese yen in this quarter in accordance with our Japanese distributor’s request.

Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes increased by $26,000 or 11%, to $257,000 in 1QFY11 from $231,000 in 1QFY10 due to an increase in net income.  However, our tax rate decreased to 31.2% in 1QFY11 from 35% in 1QFY10.
 
Net Income
Consolidated net income increased by $138,000, or 32%, to $568,000 in 1QFY11 from $430,000 in 1QFY10.  Diluted earnings per share increased 34% to $0.0343 from $0.0256. We attribute this increase in profit due to the increases in gross profit and other income which outweighed an increase in expenses.

 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of capital have been cash flows from our operations.  We have achieved continuous positive operating cash flow in the last eight fiscal years.  We believe that our existing capital and anticipated funds from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for the foreseeable future.  Thereafter, if cash generated from operations is insufficient to satisfy our capital requirements, we may open a revolving line of credit with a bank, or we may have to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain expanded credit facilities.  In the event such financing is needed in the future, there can be no assurance that such financing will be available to us, or, if available, that it will be in amounts and on terms acceptable to us. If cash flows from operations became insufficient to continue operations at the current level, and if no additional financing was obtained, then management would restructure the Company in a way to preserve its pharmaceutical and disability businesses while maintaining expenses within operating cash flows.

 
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
 
Our risk from exposure to financial markets is limited to foreign exchange variances and fluctuations in interest rates. We may be subject to some foreign exchange risks.  Most of our business transactions are in U.S. dollars, although we generate significant revenues from customers overseas.  The exception is that we have been compensated in Japanese yen by some Japanese customers and in Euros by one European customer; however during Q1FY11, our business transactions were all in U.S. dollars by customers’ requests.  As a result, we experienced no gain in Q1FY11 while we had a larger gain in Q1FY10.  In the future, if foreign currency transactions increase significantly, then we may mitigate this effect through foreign currency forward contracts whose market-to-market gains or losses are recorded in "Other Income or expense" at the time of the transaction.  To date, exchange rate exposure has not resulted in a material impact.

 
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
 
We are responsible for maintaining disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.  In designing and evaluating disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Based on management’s evaluation (with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer) of our disclosure controls and procedures as required by Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Our internal controls over financial reporting are designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

No changes were made in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

 
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Our management, including our CEO and CFO, does not expect that our disclosure controls or internal controls over financial reporting will prevent all errors or all instances of fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system's objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within our company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple errors or mistakes. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and any design may not succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures. Because of the inherent limitation of a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

 
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Part II.  Other Information

Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
   
 
The Company is not a party to any legal proceedings and is not aware of any pending legal proceedings of any kind.
   
Item 2.
Changes in Securities
   
 
On January 10, 2010, the board of directors authorized a renewed share repurchase program effective as of February 15, 2010.  The renewed program enables the Company to buy back up to one million shares during a 12-month period.  As of November 30, 2010, the Company had bought back 718,089 shares under this renewed repurchase program.
   
Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 
None.
   
Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
 
None.
   
Item 5.
Other Information
 
None.
   
Item 6.
Exhibits
 

 
EXHIBIT
 
NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
   
3.1
Articles of Incorporation of Simulations Plus, Inc. (1)
3.2
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Simulations Plus, Inc. (1)
4.1
Articles of Incorporation of Simulations Plus, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 hereof) and Bylaws of Simulations Plus, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 hereof)
4.2
Form of Common Stock Certificate (1)
4.3
Share Exchange Agreement (1)
10.1
Simulations Plus, Inc. 1996 Stock Option Plan (the “Option Plan”) and forms of agreements relating thereto (1)
10.24
Exclusive License Software Agreement by and between Simulations Plus, Inc. and Therapeutic Systems Research Laboratories dated June 30, 1997. (2)
10.45
Employment Agreement by and between the Company and Walter S. Woltosz (5)
10.46
Simulations Plus, Inc. 2007 Stock Option Plan (the “2007 Option Plan”) (6)
10.47
Lease extension agreement by and between Simulations Plus, Inc. and Crest Development  (7)
21.1
List of Subsidiaries (8)
31.1
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) – Certification of Chief Executive Officer (CEO). (8)
31.2
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) – Certification of Chief Financial Officer (CFO). (8)
32
Section 1350 – Certification of CEO and CFO. (8)
 


 
(1)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (Registration No. 333-6680) filed on March 25, 1997.
 
(2)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended August 31, 1997.
 
(3)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-91592) filed on June 28, 2002.
 
(4)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2006.
 
(5)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2009.
 
(6)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended November 30, 2009.
 
(7)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2010.
 
(8)
Filed herewith.

 
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SIGNATURE

In accordance with Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Lancaster, State of California, on January 13, 2011.

 
Simulations Plus, Inc.
   
Date:  January 13,  2011
By:     /s/ MOMOKO BERAN
 
Momoko Beran
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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