Attached files
file | filename |
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EX-10.5 - EXHIBIT 10.5 - Pernix Sleep, Inc. | c07901exv10w5.htm |
EX-10.4 - EXHIBIT 10.4 - Pernix Sleep, Inc. | c07901exv10w4.htm |
EX-32.1 - EXHIBIT 32.1 - Pernix Sleep, Inc. | c07901exv32w1.htm |
EX-32.2 - EXHIBIT 32.2 - Pernix Sleep, Inc. | c07901exv32w2.htm |
EX-31.2 - EXHIBIT 31.2 - Pernix Sleep, Inc. | c07901exv31w2.htm |
EX-31.1 - EXHIBIT 31.1 - Pernix Sleep, Inc. | c07901exv31w1.htm |
Table of Contents
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
þ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2010
OR
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to .
Commission File Number: 000-51665
Somaxon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
20-0161599 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
|
3570 Carmel Mountain Road, Suite 100, San Diego CA (Address of principal executive offices) |
92130 (Zip Code) |
(858) 876-6500
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and formal fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. þ Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its
corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes o No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated
filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large
accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer o | Non-accelerated filer o | Smaller reporting company þ | |||
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the Act). o Yes þ No
The number of outstanding shares of the registrants common stock, par value $0.0001 per
share, as of October 29, 2010 was 35,419,990.
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
For the Quarter Ended September 30, 2010
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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27 | ||||||||
27 | ||||||||
28 | ||||||||
29 | ||||||||
Exhibit 10.4 | ||||||||
Exhibit 10.5 | ||||||||
Exhibit 31.1 | ||||||||
Exhibit 31.2 | ||||||||
Exhibit 32.1 | ||||||||
Exhibit 32.2 |
Table of Contents
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except par value)
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Current assets |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 20,380 | $ | 5,165 | ||||
Short-term investments |
21,117 | | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
5,152 | | ||||||
Inventory |
1,000 | | ||||||
Other current assets |
3,499 | 409 | ||||||
Total current assets |
51,148 | 5,574 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
933 | 777 | ||||||
Intangibles, net |
1,092 | | ||||||
Other assets |
| 60 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 53,173 | $ | 6,411 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
Current liabilities |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 2,539 | $ | 355 | ||||
Accrued liabilities |
2,483 | 1,815 | ||||||
Deferred revenue |
4,437 | | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
9,459 | 2,170 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 5) |
||||||||
Stockholders equity |
||||||||
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value;
10,000 shares authorized, none issued
and outstanding |
| | ||||||
Common stock and additional paid-in
capital; $0.0001 par value; 100,000
shares authorized; 35,419 and 25,248
shares outstanding at September 30,
2010 and December 31, 2009,
respectively |
244,538 | 182,280 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit |
(200,825 | ) | (178,039 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
1 | | ||||||
Total stockholders equity |
43,714 | 4,241 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
$ | 53,173 | $ | 6,411 | ||||
The Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of these Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
F-1
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Net product sales |
$ | 38 | $ | | $ | 38 | $ | | ||||||||
Operating expenses |
||||||||||||||||
Cost of sales |
3 | | 3 | | ||||||||||||
License fees |
| | | (999 | ) | |||||||||||
Research and development |
1,014 | 506 | 2,941 | 3,497 | ||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative |
11,923 | 1,339 | 19,877 | 9,793 | ||||||||||||
Net operating costs and expenses |
12,940 | 1,845 | 22,821 | 12,291 | ||||||||||||
Loss from operations |
(12,902 | ) | (1,845 | ) | (22,783 | ) | (12,291 | ) | ||||||||
Interest and other income |
2 | 2 | 10 | 26 | ||||||||||||
Interest and other (expense) |
| | (13 | ) | (259 | ) | ||||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (12,900 | ) | $ | (1,843 | ) | $ | (22,786 | ) | $ | (12,524 | ) | ||||
Basic and diluted net loss per share |
$ | (0.37 | ) | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.71 | ) | $ | (0.63 | ) | ||||
Shares used to calculate net loss per share |
35,217 | 23,122 | 31,905 | 19,923 |
The Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of these Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
F-2
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (22,786 | ) | $ | (12,524 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities |
||||||||
Share-based expense |
5,294 | 5,605 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
315 | 79 | ||||||
Amortization of investment discount or premium |
39 | (36 | ) | |||||
Loss on disposal of equipment |
13 | 1 | ||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts receivable |
(5,152 | ) | | |||||
Inventory |
(1,000 | ) | | |||||
Other current and non-current assets |
(2,920 | ) | (123 | ) | ||||
Accounts payable |
2,184 | (893 | ) | |||||
Accrued liabilities |
1,528 | 123 | ||||||
Deferred revenue |
4,437 | | ||||||
Net cash used in operating activities |
(18,048 | ) | (7,768 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from investing activities |
||||||||
Purchases of property and equipment |
(467 | ) | (74 | ) | ||||
Payments for technology rights |
(1,000 | ) | | |||||
Payments for technology development costs |
(109 | ) | | |||||
Purchases of marketable securities |
(22,265 | ) | (2,505 | ) | ||||
Sales and maturities of marketable securities |
1,000 | 3,134 | ||||||
Restricted cash |
| 8,100 | ||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities |
(22,841 | ) | 8,655 | |||||
Cash flows from financing activities |
||||||||
Issuance of common stock and warrants, net of costs |
52,745 | 5,732 | ||||||
Repayment of debt |
| (15,000 | ) | |||||
Exercise of warrants |
1,474 | | ||||||
Exercise of stock options |
1,929 | 122 | ||||||
Purchase of treasury stock |
(44 | ) | | |||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
56,104 | (9,146 | ) | |||||
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
15,215 | (8,259 | ) | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period |
5,165 | 11,185 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period |
$ | 20,380 | $ | 2,926 | ||||
Non-cash investing and financing activities |
||||||||
Common stock issued to settle severance obligation |
$ | 860 | $ | | ||||
Warrants related to Loan Agreement |
| 44 | ||||||
Supplemental cash flow information |
||||||||
Cash paid for interest |
$ | | $ | 984 |
The Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of these Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
F-3
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Common Stock and | Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||||
Additional Paid-in | Other | |||||||||||||||||||
Capital | Deficit | Comprehensive | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Accumulated | Income | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
25,248 | $ | 182,280 | $ | (178,039 | ) | $ | | $ | 4,241 | ||||||||||
Net loss |
| | (22,786 | ) | | (22,786 | ) | |||||||||||||
Unrealized gains in
available-for-sale securities |
| | | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
Comprehensive loss |
| | | | (22,785 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Issue common stock at $8.25
per share, net of issuance
costs of $4,180 |
6,900 | 52,745 | | | 52,745 | |||||||||||||||
Issue common stock to settle
severance obligations |
111 | 860 | | | 860 | |||||||||||||||
Exercise of warrants for cash |
1,278 | 1,474 | | | 1,474 | |||||||||||||||
Net share settlement of warrants |
330 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options |
1,424 | 1,929 | | | 1,929 | |||||||||||||||
Issue common stock pursuant to
vesting of restricted stock
units |
139 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Restricted stock repurchased at
$3.94 per share in March |
(11 | ) | (44 | ) | | | (44 | ) | ||||||||||||
Share-based compensation
related to employee awards |
| 5,294 | | | 5,294 | |||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2010 |
35,419 | $ | 244,538 | $ | (200,825 | ) | $ | 1 | $ | 43,714 | ||||||||||
The Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of these Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements
F-4
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Business
Somaxon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Somaxon, the Company, we or our), is a specialty
pharmaceutical company focused on the in-licensing, development and commercialization of
proprietary branded products and late-stage product candidates for the treatment of diseases and
disorders in the central nervous system therapeutic area. Somaxon is a Delaware corporation
founded on August 14, 2003 upon in-licensing its first product candidate, Silenor® (doxepin) for
the treatment of insomnia. On March 18, 2010, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the FDA)
notified us that it had approved our New Drug Application (NDA) for Silenor 3 mg and 6 mg tablets
for the treatment of insomnia characterized by difficulties with sleep maintenance. Silenor was
commercially launched in the United States in September 2010. We operate in one reportable
segment, which is the development and commercialization of pharmaceutical products.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed balance sheet as of December 31, 2009, which has been derived from
our audited financial statements, and the unaudited interim condensed financial statements have
been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and the rules and
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) related to a quarterly report on Form
10-Q. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements
prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. have been
condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations, although we believe that the
disclosures made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The unaudited
interim condensed financial statements reflect all adjustments which, in the opinion of our
management, are necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods presented. All such
adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. These unaudited condensed financial statements
should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included in our
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009. The operating results presented
in these unaudited condensed financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the results
that may be expected for any future periods.
Capital Resources
Since inception, our operations have been financed primarily through the sale of equity
securities and the proceeds from the exercise of warrants and stock options. We have incurred
losses from operations and negative cash flows since the inception of the Company, and we expect to
continue to incur substantial losses for the foreseeable future as we continue our
commercialization efforts for Silenor and potentially pursue the development of other product
candidates. As a result, we may need to obtain additional funds to finance our operations in the
future. We intend to obtain any additional funding we require through strategic relationships,
public or private equity or debt financings, assigning receivables or royalty rights, or other
arrangements and we cannot assure such funding will be available on reasonable terms, or at all.
If we are unsuccessful in raising additional required funds, we may be required to delay,
scale-back or eliminate plans or programs relating to our business, relinquish some or all of our
rights to Silenor or renegotiate less favorable terms with respect to such rights than we would
otherwise choose.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting
period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
F-5
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
Revenue Recognition
We recognize product revenue from product sales when it is realized or realizable and earned.
Revenue is realized or realizable and earned when all of the following criteria are met:
(1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services have been
rendered; (3) our price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably
assured. Revenue from sales transactions where the buyer has the right to return the product is
recognized at the time of sale only if (1) our price to the buyer is substantially fixed or
determinable at the date of sale, (2) the buyer has paid us, or the buyer is obligated to pay us
and the obligation is not contingent on resale of the product, (3) the buyers obligation to us
would not be changed in the event of theft or physical destruction or damage of the product,
(4) the buyer acquiring the product for resale has economic substance apart from that provided by
us, (5) we do not have significant obligations for future performance to directly bring about
resale of the product by the buyer, and (6) the amount of future returns can be reasonably
estimated.
We sell Silenor to wholesale pharmaceutical distributors. Our returned goods policy generally
permits our customers to return products up to six months before and up to twelve months after the
expiration date of the product. We authorize returns for expired or damaged products in accordance
with our returned goods policy and issue credit to our customers for expired or damaged returned
product. We do not exchange product from inventory for returned product. As of September 30,
2010, we have not received any returns.
We are unable to reliably estimate returns at this time. Therefore, we have determined that
shipment of product to wholesale distributors does not meet the criteria for revenue recognition at
the time of shipment. Until we are able to reliably estimate returns, we defer revenue recognition
until the right of return no longer exists, which is the earlier of Silenor being dispensed through
patient prescriptions or the expiration of the right of return. We estimate patient prescriptions
dispensed using an analysis of third-party information. For the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2010, we recognized product revenue of $38,000, which was net of estimated product
sales discounts and allowances. At September 30, 2010, we had a deferred revenue balance of $4.4
million which was also recorded net of estimated product sales discounts and allowances. We have
also deferred the related cost of product sales and recorded such amount as finished goods
inventory held by others, which was $0.4 million as of September 30, 2010.
Until we can reliably estimate product returns, we will continue to recognize revenue upon the
earlier to occur of prescription units dispensed or the expiration of the right of return. In
order to develop a methodology and provide a basis for estimating future product returns on sales
to customers at the time of product shipment, we are tracking the Silenor product return history,
taking into account product expiration dating at the time of shipment and levels of inventory in
the wholesale channel.
Product Sales Discounts and Allowances
We record product sales discounts and allowances at the time of sale and report revenue net of
such amounts in the same period that product sales are recorded. In determining the amount of
product sales discounts and allowances, we must make significant judgments and estimates. If
actual results vary from our estimates, we may need to adjust these estimates, which could have an
effect on product revenue in the period of adjustment. Our product sales discounts and allowances
and the specific considerations we use in estimating these amounts include:
Prompt Pay Discounts. As an incentive for prompt payment, we offer a 2% cash discount to
customers. We expect that all customers will comply with the contractual terms to earn the
discount. We recorded the discount as an allowance against accounts receivable and a reduction of
revenue. At September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the allowance for prompt pay discounts was
$105,000 and $0, respectively.
Product Launch Discounts. For a limited time that ended September 30, 2010, we offered
additional discounts to wholesale distributors for product purchased. We recorded the discount as
an allowance against accounts receivable and a reduction of revenue based on orders placed. At
September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the allowance for product launch discounts was $294,000
and $0, respectively.
Stocking Allowances. For a limited time that ended September 30, 2010, we offered discounts
on the first order made by wholesale distributors and retail pharmacies. We accrued the discount
based on orders placed and recognized a reduction of revenue. At September 30, 2010 and December
31, 2009, the accrual for stocking allowances was $85,000 and $0, respectively.
F-6
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
Patient Discount Programs. We offer discount card programs to patients of Silenor under which
the patient receives a discount on his or her prescription. We reimburse pharmacies for this
discount through a third-party vendor. We estimate the total amount that will be redeemed based on
the dollar amount of the discount, the timing and quantity of distribution and historical
redemption rates. We accrued the discount and recognized a reduction of revenue. At September 30,
2010 and December 31, 2009, the accrual for patient discount programs was $192,000 and $0,
respectively.
Distribution Service Fees. We pay distribution services fees to each wholesaler for
distribution and inventory management services. We accrued for the fees based on contractually
defined terms with each wholesaler and recognized a reduction of revenue. At September 30, 2010
and December 31, 2009, the accrual for distribution service fees was $383,000 and $0, respectively.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales includes the costs to manufacture, package, and ship Silenor as well as
royalties associated with our license agreement with ProCom One, Inc. (ProCom).
Cash and Cash Equivalents
All highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase
are considered to be cash equivalents. Investments with maturities at the date of purchase greater
than three months are classified as marketable securities. At September 30, 2010, our cash and
cash equivalents consisted primarily of money market funds and available-for-sale securities that
have an original maturity date of three months or less. All of our cash equivalents have liquid
markets and high credit ratings.
Marketable Securities
Our investments in marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale securities.
Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair market value, with unrealized gains and losses
reported as a component of stockholders equity in accumulated other comprehensive income/loss.
Interest and dividend income is recorded when earned and included in interest income. Premiums and
discounts on marketable securities are amortized and accreted, respectively, to maturity and
included in interest income. Marketable securities with a maturity date of less than one year as of
the balance sheet date are classified as short-term investments, and investments with a maturity of
three months or less from date of purchase are classified as cash equivalents. Marketable
securities with a maturity of more than one year as of the balance sheet date are classified as
long-term investments. We assess the risk of impairment related to securities held in our
investment portfolio on a regular basis and noted no impairment during the three and nine months
ended September 30, 2010.
Concentration of Credit Risk, Significant Customers and Sources of Supply
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist
primarily of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and accounts receivable. We
maintain accounts in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured
limits. We also maintain investments in money market funds and similar short-term investments that
are not federally insured. However, management believes we are not exposed to significant credit
risk due to the financial positions of the depository institutions in which these deposits are held
and of the money market funds and other entities in which these investments are made. Additionally,
we have established guidelines regarding the diversification of our investments and their
maturities that are designed to maintain safety and liquidity.
We sell our product primarily to established wholesale distributors in the pharmaceutical
industry through one wholesale distributor. All of the accounts receivable balance as of
September 30, 2010 represents amounts due from this one wholesale distributor. Credit is extended
based on an evaluation of the customers financial condition. We evaluate the collectability of our
accounts receivable based on a variety of factors, including the length of time the receivables are
past due and the financial health of the customer, and we will use historical experience in the
future. Based upon the review of these factors, we did not record an allowance for doubtful
accounts at September 30, 2010.
F-7
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
We rely on third-party manufacturers for the production of Silenor and single source
third-party suppliers to manufacture key components of Silenor. If our third-party manufacturers
are unable to continue manufacturing Silenor, or if we lost our single source suppliers used in the
manufacturing process, we may not be able to meet market demand for our product.
Inventory
Our inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. We analyze our
inventory levels quarterly and write down inventory that has become obsolete or has a cost basis in
excess of its expected net realizable value, as well as any inventory quantities in excess of
expected requirements. Expired inventory is disposed of and the related costs are written off. We
did not record a reserve for expired inventory as of September 30, 2010.
Intangible Assets
Our intangible assets consist of the costs incurred to in-license our product candidate and
technology development costs relating to our websites. Prior to the FDA approval of our NDA for
Silenor, we had expensed all license fees and milestone payments for acquired development and
commercialization rights to operations as incurred since the underlying technology associated with
these expenditures related to our research and development efforts and had no alternative future
use at the time. License fees related to our intellectual property are capitalized once
technological feasibility has been established. Capitalized amounts are amortized on a straight
line basis over the expected life of the intellectual property, commencing with the commercial
launch of the related product. Licenses fees began being amortized upon the commercial launch of
Silenor in August 2010 and are being amortized over the expected life of the intellectual property,
which we estimate to be approximately ten years. Costs incurred in the planning stage of a website
are expensed, while costs incurred in the development stage are capitalized and will be amortized
over the expected life of the product associated with the website once the asset is placed in
service.
The carrying values of our intangible assets are periodically reviewed to determine if the
facts and circumstances suggest that a potential impairment may have occurred. We had no impairment
of our intangible assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010.
Share-Based Compensation Expense
Share-based expense for employees and directors is recognized in the statement of operations
based on estimated amounts, including the grant date fair value, the probability of achieving
performance conditions and the expected service period. We estimate the grant date fair value for
our stock option awards using the Black-Scholes valuation model, which requires the use of multiple
subjective inputs including estimated future volatility, expected forfeitures and the expected term
of the options. Our stock did not have a readily available market prior to our initial public
offering in December 2005, creating a relatively short history from which to obtain data to
estimate the volatility of our stock price. Consequently, we estimate expected future volatility
based on a combination of both comparable companies and our own stock price volatility to the
extent such history is available. The expected term for stock options is estimated using guidance
provided by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)
No. 107 and SAB 110. This guidance provides a formula-driven approach for determining the expected
term. Share-based compensation is based on awards expected to ultimately vest and has been reduced
for estimated forfeitures. The estimated forfeiture rates may differ from actual forfeiture rates
which would affect the amount of expense recognized during the period. Estimated forfeitures are
adjusted to actual amounts as they become known.
We recognize the value of the portion of the awards that are ultimately expected to vest on a
straight-line basis over the awards requisite service period. The requisite service period is
generally the time over which our share-based awards vest. Some of our share-based awards vest
upon achieving certain performance conditions, generally pertaining to the commercial launch of
Silenor or the achievement of other strategic objectives. Share-based compensation expense for
awards with performance conditions is recognized over the period from the date the performance
conditions are determined to be probable of occurring through the time the applicable condition are
met. If a performance condition is not considered probable of being achieved, no expense is
recognized until such time the performance condition is considered probable of being met.
F-8
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
Net Loss per Share
Basic earnings per share (EPS) excludes the effects of common stock equivalents and is
calculated by dividing net income or loss applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding for the period, reduced by the weighted average number of
unvested common shares outstanding subject to repurchase. Diluted EPS is computed in the same
manner as basic EPS, but includes the effects of common stock equivalents to the extent they are
dilutive, using the treasury-stock method. For Somaxon, basic and dilutive net loss per share are
equivalent because we have incurred a net loss in all periods presented, causing any potentially
dilutive securities to be anti-dilutive.
Net loss per share was determined as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Numerator: |
||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (12,900 | ) | $ | (1,843 | ) | $ | (22,786 | ) | $ | (12,524 | ) | ||||
Denominator: |
||||||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding |
35,217 | 23,242 | 31,934 | 20,052 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average unvested common shares subject to
repurchase |
| (120 | ) | (29 | ) | (129 | ) | |||||||||
Denominator |
35,217 | 23,122 | 31,905 | 19,923 | ||||||||||||
Basic and diluted net loss per share |
$ | (0.37 | ) | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.71 | ) | $ | (0.63 | ) | ||||
Weighted average anti-dilutive securities not
included in diluted net loss per share
calculation: |
||||||||||||||||
Weighted average stock options outstanding |
3,718 | 5,477 | 3,503 | 4,670 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average restricted stock units outstanding |
733 | 1,289 | 775 | 1,161 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average warrants outstanding |
2,619 | 5,318 | 3,232 | 2,131 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average unvested common shares subject to
repurchase |
| 120 | 29 | 129 | ||||||||||||
Total weighted average anti-dilutive securities
not included in diluted net loss per share |
7,070 | 12,204 | 7,539 | 8,091 | ||||||||||||
Income Taxes
We are subject to taxation in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. We are not
currently under examination by the Internal Revenue Service or any other taxing authority. Our tax
years from inception in 2003 and forward can be subject to examination by the tax authorities due
to the carryforward of net operating losses and research and development credits. Our accounting
policy is to record interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax
expense; however, no interest or penalties have been accrued as of September 30, 2010. We had
unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $910,000 at December 31, 2009. It is expected that the
amount of unrecognized tax benefits may change over the course of the year; however, because our
deferred tax assets are fully reserved, we do not expect the change to have a significant impact on
our results of operations, cash flows or financial position.
F-9
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In October 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards
Update (ASU) No. 2009-13 Revenue Recognition, which provides guidance on recognizing revenue in
arrangements with multiple deliverables. This standard impacts the determination of when the
individual deliverables included in a multiple element arrangement may be treated as a separate
unit of accounting. It also modifies the manner in which the consideration received from the
transaction is allocated to the multiple deliverables and no longer permits the use of the residual
method of allocating arrangement consideration. This accounting standard is effective for the
first fiscal year beginning on or after June 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. We are still
evaluating the potential future effects of this guidance.
Note 2. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Cash and investment holdings, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities
are presented in the financial statements at their carrying amounts, which are reasonable estimates
of fair value due to their short maturities.
The fair value of financial assets and liabilities is measured under a framework that
establishes levels which are defined as follows: Level 1 fair value is determined from
observable, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 fair
value is determined from quoted prices for similar items in active markets or quoted prices for
identical or similar items in markets that are not active. Level 3 fair value is determined using
the entitys own assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use in pricing an
asset or liability. The fair value of our investment holdings at September 30, 2010 is summarized
in the following table (in thousands):
Total Fair | Fair Value Determined Under: | |||||||||||||||
Value | (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | |||||||||||||
Money market funds |
$ | 3 | $ | 3 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
Commercial paper |
16,318 | | 16,318 | | ||||||||||||
U.S. government agency securities |
23,242 | | 23,242 | | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 39,563 | $ | 3 | $ | 39,560 | $ | | ||||||||
Commercial paper and U.S. government agency securities are classified as part of either cash
and cash equivalents or short-term investments in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The
carrying value of short-term investments consisted of the following as of September 30, 2010 (in
thousands):
Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair Market | |||||||||||||
Cost | Gains | Losses | Value | |||||||||||||
Commercial paper |
$ | 16,318 | $ | | $ | | $ | 16,318 | ||||||||
U.S. government agency securities |
23,241 | 1 | | 23,242 | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 39,559 | $ | 1 | $ | | $ | 39,560 | ||||||||
Available-for-sale marketable securities with maturities of three months or less from date of
purchase have been classified as cash equivalents, and amounted to $18.4 million as of September
30, 2010. As of December 31, 2009, the Company did not hold any available-for-sale marketable
securities.
F-10
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
Note 3. Composition of Certain Balance Sheet Items
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Accounts receivable for product sales, gross |
$ | 5,551 | $ | | ||||
Allowances for discounts |
(399 | ) | | |||||
Total accounts receivable |
$ | 5,152 | $ | | ||||
Inventory
Inventory consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Raw materials |
$ | 45 | $ | | ||||
Work in process |
252 | | ||||||
Finished goods inventory held by the Company |
342 | | ||||||
Finished goods inventory held by others |
361 | | ||||||
Total inventory |
$ | 1,000 | $ | | ||||
Other Current Assets
Other current assets consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Deposits and other prepaid expenses |
$ | 1,239 | $ | 352 | ||||
Prepaid sales and marketing expenses |
1,714 | | ||||||
Receivable due from collaboration partner for shared expenses |
410 | | ||||||
Interest receivable |
114 | | ||||||
Other current assets |
22 | 57 | ||||||
Total other current assets |
$ | 3,499 | $ | 409 | ||||
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Tooling |
$ | 844 | $ | 23 | ||||
Computer equipment |
471 | 147 | ||||||
Furniture and equipment |
66 | 58 | ||||||
Construction in progress |
| 749 | ||||||
Property and equipment, at cost |
1,381 | 977 | ||||||
Less: accumulated depreciation |
(448 | ) | (200 | ) | ||||
Property and equipment, net |
$ | 933 | $ | 777 | ||||
F-11
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
Depreciation expense was $199,000 and $1,000 for the three month periods ended September 30,
2010 and 2009, respectively. Depreciation expense was $298,000 and $79,000 for the nine month
periods ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Computer equipment with a carrying value
of $12,000 was disposed of during the nine months ended September 30, 2010.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
License fees |
$ | 1,000 | $ | | ||||
Technology development costs relating to websites |
109 | | ||||||
Less: accumulated amortization |
(17 | ) | | |||||
Total intangible assets, net |
$ | 1,092 | $ | | ||||
Amortization expense for license fees was $17,000 and $0 for the three and nine month periods
ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Accrued severance |
$ | 401 | $ | 1,659 | ||||
Accrued product discounts and allowances |
660 | | ||||||
Accrued fixed fee and royalties |
412 | | ||||||
Other accrued compensation and benefits |
1,010 | 156 | ||||||
Total accrued liabilities |
$ | 2,483 | $ | 1,815 | ||||
From March through May 2009, we terminated the employment of thirteen employees as part of a
general cost reduction initiative resulting from ongoing delays in the Silenor NDA approval
process. Each of the terminated employees entered into a separation agreement and a separate
consulting arrangement with us. We paid $513,000 to these former employees during 2009 under these
separation agreements, and had a remaining deferred severance obligation of $1,659,000 as of
December 31, 2009. During 2010, we have settled $860,000 of this deferred severance obligation
through the issuance of common stock.
Note 4. License Agreements
In August 2003 and as amended in October 2003, September 2006 and September 2010, we entered
into an exclusive worldwide in-license agreement with ProCom to develop and commercialize Silenor
for the treatment of insomnia. The term of the license extends until the last licensed patent
expires, which is expected to occur no earlier than 2020. The license agreement is terminable by us
at any time with 30 days notice if we believe that the use of the product poses an unacceptable
safety risk or if it fails to achieve a satisfactory level of efficacy. Either party may terminate
the agreement with 30 days notice if the other party commits a material breach of its obligations
and fails to remedy the breach within 90 days, or upon the filing of bankruptcy, reorganization,
liquidation, or receivership proceedings. Costs related to the licensed intellectual property made
after approval of the Silenor NDA by the FDA on March 17, 2010 have been capitalized and included
in intangibles in our condensed balance sheet as of September 30, 2010. Capitalized amounts are
amortized on a straight line basis over the expected life of the intellectual property which we
estimate to be approximately 10 years. Royalty payments due under the terms of the in-license
agreement are recorded in accrued liabilities as of September 30, 2010. The royalty payments will
be recognized as an expense in cost of sales when the related shipments of product are recognized
as revenue.
F-12
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
In October 2006, we entered into a supply agreement pertaining to a certain ingredient used in
the formulation for Silenor. In August 2008, this supply agreement was amended to provide us with
the exclusive right to use this ingredient in combination with doxepin. Pursuant to the amendment,
we are obligated to pay a royalty on worldwide net sales of Silenor beginning as of the expiration
of the statutory exclusivity period for Silenor in each country in which Silenor is marketed. Such
royalty is only payable if one or more patents under the license agreement continue to be valid in
each such country and a patent relating to our formulation for Silenor has not been issued in such
country.
Note 5. Commitments and Contingencies
We are a party to a manufacturing supply agreement with a third party supplier under which the
supplier is obligated to manufacture commercial quantities of Silenor tablets. Under the terms of
the contract, Somaxon is not obligated to purchase a minimum quantity; however, we are obligated to
purchase specified percentages of our total annual commercial requirements of Silenor. The
agreement has an initial five-year term beginning upon commencement of the manufacturing services,
and automatically renews for additional twelve-month periods thereafter if it is not affirmatively
terminated. The agreement is terminable with written notice at least 18 months prior to the end of
the current term. Additionally, we may terminate the agreement with twelve months notice in
connection with a partnering, collaboration, sublicensing, acquisition, or similar event. The
agreement is also subject to termination in the event of material breach of contract, bankruptcy,
or government action inhibiting the use of the product candidate.
We are a party to a commercial outsourcing services agreement with a third party service
provider, under which the service provider is obligated to provide warehousing, inventory
management, distribution, contract administration, and accounts receivable and call center
management for Somaxon. Under the terms of the contract, we were required to pay a one-time start
up fee, and we are required to pay a monthly management fee, in addition to transaction fees and
expenses for specific services. The agreement has an initial three-year term, and automatically
renews for additional one-year periods thereafter unless either party provides the other with
written notice of termination. We may terminate the agreement any time after the first twelve
months, but will be subject to an early termination fee equal to the monthly management fees
remaining under the initial or renewal term.
In July 2010, we entered into a professional detailing services agreement with Publicis
Touchpoint Solutions, Inc. (Publicis), under which Publicis will provide sales support to promote
Silenor in the U.S. through 110 full-time sales representatives, one regional field
coordinator and one national business director, all of whom will be employees of Publicis. We will
recognize the revenue from Silenor product sales generated by the promotional efforts of the sales
organization. Under the terms of the agreement, we were required to pay a one-time start up fee,
and we are required to pay a fixed monthly fee, which is subject to certain quarterly adjustments
based on actual staffing and spending levels. During the term of the agreement, a portion of
Publicis management fee will be subject to payment by us only to the extent that specified
performance targets are achieved. The performance targets relate to initial scale-up activities,
turnover and vacancy rates, call attainment and specified sales goals. In addition, we are
obligated to reimburse the sales organization for approved pass-through costs, which primarily
include bonuses, meeting and travel costs and certain administrative expenses.
The services agreement has an initial two-year term, and may be extended by the Company by
providing Publicis with written notification no later than 90 days prior to the expiration of the
initial term, subject to agreement on compensation terms with Publicis. Prior to the first
anniversary of the deployment of Publicis sales representatives, we may terminate the services
agreement upon 90 days written notice and payment to Publicis of a termination fee in a specified
amount. We may terminate the services agreement upon 90 days written notice after the one year
anniversary of the deployment of Publicis sales representatives without paying a termination fee.
We may also terminate the services agreement without paying a termination fee by hiring a specified
number of sales representatives. In addition, either party may terminate the services agreement
upon an uncured material breach by the other party, upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of the other
party or if a change in law renders the performance of a material obligation of the services
agreement unlawful. If termination occurs during the initial two-year term, the Company assumes
financial responsibility for the remaining lease payments for the sales representatives vehicles
which have a two-year lease term.
F-13
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
In August 2010, we entered into a co-promotion agreement with The Procter & Gamble
Distributing Company LLC (Procter & Gamble), under which Proctor & Gamble will provide sales
support to promote Silenor in the U.S. through its team of full-time sales representatives.
Beginning in January 2011, Proctor & Gamble will also provide certain managed care support
services. We will recognize the revenue from Silenor product sales generated by the promotional
efforts of Proctor & Gamble. Under the terms of the agreement, we are required to pay Proctor &
Gamble a fixed fee and a royalty fee as a percentage of U.S. net sales, in each case on a quarterly
basis during the term of the agreement. The fees are recognized as a sales, general, and
administrative expense and are recorded in accrued liabilities as of September 30, 2010.
The agreement also provides for financial penalties in the event that either party fails to
deliver specified minimum detailing requirements under certain circumstances. Each party will be
responsible for the costs of training, maintaining and operating its own sales force, and the
Company is responsible for all other costs pertaining to the commercialization of Silenor.
The term of the agreement is from August 2010 through December 2012, and the Company will pay
Proctor & Gamble a reduced royalty fee based on U.S. net sales of Silenor for one year after the
expiration of the agreement or its earlier termination under certain circumstances. Beginning as of
June 30, 2012, the parties will discuss in good faith the continuation of the collaboration upon
mutually-agreed terms and conditions. The Company may terminate the agreement upon 90 days written
notice if Proctor & Gamble fails to provide at least 75% of its minimum detailing obligations.
Beginning October 1, 2011, Proctor & Gamble may cure such shortfall for a calendar quarter one time
each calendar year during the calendar quarter immediately following such shortfall. Either party
may terminate the agreement upon 90 days written notice to the other party, although no such
termination may be effective prior to December 31, 2011. Proctor & Gamble may terminate the
agreement if Silenor is withdrawn from the market for longer than three months as the result of a
legal requirement or 30 days after the end of a calendar quarter in which the market share for
Silenor is less than 75% of the Silenor market share immediately prior to the loss of Silenors
market exclusivity in the U.S. In addition, either party may terminate the agreement upon a large
scale recall or withdrawal of Silenor from the U.S. resulting from a significant safety risk that
is not due to tampering, a remediable manufacturing problem or other defect that can be cured after
such risk is discovered. Either party may also terminate the agreement upon an uncured material
breach by the other party, upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of the other party or a force majeure
event that lasts for at least six months.
We have contracted with various consultants, drug manufacturers, and other vendors to assist
in clinical trial work, data analysis, and commercialization activities for Silenor. The contracts
are terminable at any time, but obligate us to reimburse the providers for any time or costs
incurred through the date of termination.
We have employment agreements with certain of our current employees that provide for severance
payments and accelerated vesting for certain share-based awards if their employment is terminated
under specified circumstances.
Note 6. Share-based Compensation and Equity
Share-based Compensation Expense
Somaxon has restricted stock units (RSUs) and stock options outstanding under its equity
incentive award plans. Share-based expense for employees and directors is based on the grant-date
fair value of the award, while share-based expense for consultants is based on the fair value of
the award at the time the award vests. The following table summarizes non-cash compensation
expense (in thousands).
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
Composition of share-based compensation: | 2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
Included in research and development expense |
$ | 288 | $ | 96 | $ | 1,047 | $ | 1,430 | ||||||||
Included in selling, general and administrative expense |
1,482 | 481 | 4,247 | 4,175 | ||||||||||||
Total share-based compensation expense |
$ | 1,770 | $ | 577 | $ | 5,294 | $ | 5,605 | ||||||||
F-14
Table of Contents
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
Included in these tables for 2009 is the effect of the termination of employment for certain
individuals which created an acceleration of share-based compensation expense. Upon separation,
each of the employees entered into a consulting arrangement with us which provided for continued
vesting in share-based awards through the expiration of the consulting agreement. The consulting
agreements were not considered substantive for accounting purposes because additional service was
not required to be rendered by the consultants in order to continue vesting in their share-based
awards. Also, upon separation, certain individuals received accelerated vesting of their
share-based awards. As a result of such non-substantive consulting arrangements and accelerated
vesting, we recognized $2,370,000 of share-based compensation expense during 2009 on the dates of
termination. Included in these tables for 2010 is the effect of a further modification of the
option agreements with these terminated employees as a result of an extension of the term of their
consulting agreements. We recognized $233,000 of share-based compensation expense during 2010 as a
result of this modification.
Certain of our share-based awards will vest upon the achievement of performance conditions.
Compensation expense for share-based awards granted to employees and directors is recognized based
on the grant date fair value for the portion of the awards for which performance conditions are
considered probable of being achieved. Such expense is recorded over the period the performance
condition is expected to be performed. No expense is recognized for awards with performance
conditions that are considered improbable of being achieved. On March 18, 2010, the FDA notified
us that it approved our NDA for Silenor 3 mg and 6 mg tablets. FDA approval of the Silenor NDA
caused 105,000 shares of restricted stock to vest, 129,000 RSUs to vest, and 275,000 stock options
to vest. The Company recognized an aggregate of $1,384,000 of share-based compensation expense
during the first quarter of 2010 from the vesting of these awards.
On December 1, 2010, an additional 599,000 RSUs held by directors and executive officers will
vest. A substantial portion of the shares of common stock underlying such RSUs will be sold in
connection with such vesting pursuant to 10b5-1 plans.
Equity
In March 2010, we issued 6,900,000 shares of common stock in a public offering of our stock at
$8.25 per share. The net proceeds from the offering, after underwriting discounts and commissions
and offering costs, were approximately $52,745,000.
Note 7. Related Party Transaction
Somaxon has in-licensed certain intellectual property from ProCom (see Note 3, License
Agreements). In March 2010, we paid $1.0 million to ProCom pursuant to the terms of this
agreement. As part of the in-license agreement, ProCom has the right to designate one nominee for
election to our board of directors (Terrell Cobb, a principal of ProCom). The in-license agreement
also provided a consulting arrangement for Dr. Neil Kavey, who is the other principal of ProCom. We
paid Dr. Kavey a total of $0 and $34,000 for the three month periods ended September 30, 2010 and
2009, respectively, and $45,000 and $101,000 for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2010
and 2009, respectively. Payments to Dr. Kavey under that consulting arrangement ended in April
2010.
Note 8. Subsequent Event
On November 3, 2010, Somaxon received a notice from each of Actavis Elizabeth LLC (Actavis)
and Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Mylan) that each has filed with the FDA an Abbreviated New Drug
Application (ANDA) for a generic version of Silenor 3 mg and 6 mg tablets. The notices each
included a paragraph IV certification with respect to seven of the eight patents listed in the
FDAs Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations, commonly known as the Orange
Book, for Silenor. A paragraph IV certification is a certification by a generic applicant that in
the opinion of that applicant, the patent(s) listed in the Orange Book for a branded product are
invalid, unenforceable, and/or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use or sale of the generic
product.
Somaxon is currently reviewing the details of the notices. Under the Hatch-Waxman Act, if
Somaxon initiates a patent infringement suit asserting infringement of any of the patents
identified in a paragraph IV notice within 45 days after its receipt of such notice, the FDA shall
not approve the ANDA until the earlier of 30 months, or a decision that all of such patents are not
infringed or invalid, unless either party to the action failed to cooperate reasonably to expedite
the infringement action.
Somaxon intends to vigorously enforce its intellectual property rights relating to Silenor,
but cannot predict the outcome of this matter. Silenor is protected by eight patents covering
approved methods of use of the product and its formulation, all of which are listed in the Orange
Book.
F-15
Table of Contents
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The interim financial statements and this Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and
notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2009, and the related Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, both of which are contained in our
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009. In addition to historical
information, this discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks,
uncertainties, and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in
these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including but not limited to those
set forth under the caption Risk Factors in the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009
and the caption Risk Factors in this Form 10-Q for the three month period ended September 30,
2010.
Overview
Background
We are a specialty pharmaceutical company focused on the in-licensing, development and
commercialization of proprietary branded products and late-stage product candidates for the
treatment of diseases and disorders in the central nervous system therapeutic area. In March 2010,
the United States Food and Drug Administration, or the FDA, approved our New Drug Application, or
NDA, for Silenor 3 mg and 6 mg tablets for the treatment of insomnia characterized by difficulty
with sleep maintenance. Silenor was made commercially available by prescription in the United
States in September 2010.
Since approval, we have undertaken activities to commercialize Silenor. We have increased our
employee team from 5 to 37 employees as of September 30, 2010, including ten sales managers.
During the third quarter of 2010, we entered into a services agreement and co-promotion agreement
with third parties to provide sales support to promote Silenor. Specifically, in August 2010, we
entered into a co-promotion agreement with Procter & Gamble, under which its sales representatives
will provide a minimum number of primary details to certain healthcare professionals and a minimum
number of calls to pharmacists promoting Silenor. In addition, in July 2010, we retained Publicis
Touchpoint Solutions, Inc., or Publicis, to provide 110 sales representatives to promote Silenor
under the terms of a contract sales agreement. As a result, Silenor is now supported by
approximately 215 field sales representatives who promote Silenor in the primary detail position.
We have also entered into distribution agreements with various third party wholesale distributors.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Managements discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is
based on our condensed financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these condensed financial
statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets, liabilities, expenses and related disclosures. Actual results could differ from those
estimates. We believe the following accounting policies to be critical to the judgments and
estimates used in the preparation of our condensed financial statements.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue from product sales when it is realized or realizable and earned. Revenue
is realized or realizable and earned when all of the following criteria are met: (1) persuasive
evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered;
(3) our price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured.
Revenue from sales transactions where the buyer has the right to return the product is recognized
at the time of sale only if (1) our price to the buyer is substantially fixed or determinable at
the date of sale, (2) the buyer has paid us, or the buyer is obligated to pay us and the obligation
is not contingent on resale of the product, (3) the buyers obligation to us would not be changed
in the event of theft or physical destruction or damage of the product, (4) the buyer acquiring the
product for resale has economic substance apart from that provided by us, (5) we do not have
significant obligations for future performance to directly bring about resale of the product by the
buyer, and (6) the amount of future returns can be reasonably estimated.
1
Table of Contents
We sell Silenor to wholesale pharmaceutical distributors. Our returned goods policy generally
permits our customers to return products up to six months before and up to twelve months after the
expiration date of the product. We authorize returns for expired or damaged products in accordance
with our returned goods policy and issue credit to our customers for expired or damaged returned
product. We do not exchange product from inventory for returned product. As of September 30,
2010, we have not received any returns.
We are unable to reliably estimate returns at this time. Therefore, we have determined that
shipment of product to wholesale distributors does not meet the criteria for revenue recognition at
the time of shipment. Until we are able to reliably estimate returns, we will defer revenue
recognition until the right of return no longer exists, which is the earlier of Silenor being
dispensed through patient prescriptions or the expiration of the right of return. We estimate
patient prescriptions dispensed using an analysis of third-party information. For the three and
nine months ended September 30, 2010, we recognized product revenue of $38,000, which was net of
estimated product sales discounts and allowances. At September 30, 2010, we had a deferred revenue
balance of $4.4 million which was also recorded net of estimated product sales discounts and
allowances. We have also deferred the related cost of product sales and recorded such amount as
finished goods inventory held by others, which was $0.4 million as of September 30, 2010.
Until we can reliably estimate product returns, we will continue to recognize revenue upon the
earlier to occur of prescription units dispensed or the expiration of the right of return. In
order to develop a methodology and provide a basis for estimating future product returns on sales
to customers at the time of product shipment, we are tracking the Silenor product return history,
taking into account product expiration dating at the time of shipment and levels of inventory in
the wholesale channel.
Product Sales Discounts and Allowances
We record product sales discounts and allowances at the time of sale and report revenue net of
such amounts in the same period that product sales are recorded. In determining the amount of
product sales discounts and allowances, we must make significant judgments and estimates. If
actual results vary from our estimates, we may need to adjust these estimates, which could have an
effect on product revenue in the period of adjustment. Our product sales discounts and allowances
and the specific considerations we use in estimating these amounts include:
Prompt Pay Discounts. As an incentive for prompt payment, we offer a 2% cash discount to
customers. We expect that all customers will comply with the contractual terms to earn the
discount. We recorded the discount as an allowance against accounts receivable and a reduction of
revenue. At September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the allowance for prompt pay discounts was
$105,000 and $0, respectively.
Product Launch Discounts. For a limited time that ended September 30, 2010, we offered
additional discounts to wholesale distributors for product purchased. We recorded the discount as
an allowance against accounts receivable and a reduction of revenue based on orders placed. At
September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the allowance for product launch discounts was $294,000
and $0, respectively.
Stocking Allowances. For a limited time that ended September 30, 2010, we offered discounts
on the first order made by wholesale distributors and retail pharmacies. We accrued the discount
based on orders placed and recognized a reduction of revenue. At September 30, 2010 and December
31, 2009, the accrual for stocking allowances was $85,000 and $0, respectively.
Patient Discount Programs. We offer discount card programs to patients who are prescribed
Silenor under which the patient receives a discount on his or her prescription. We reimburse
pharmacies for this discount through a third-party vendor. We estimate the total amount that will
be redeemed based on the dollar amount of the discount, the timing and quantity of distribution and
historical redemption rates. We accrued the discount and recognized a reduction of revenue. At
September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the accrual for patient discount programs was $192,000
and $0, respectively.
Distribution Service Fees. We pay distribution service fees to each wholesaler for
distribution and inventory management services. We accrued for the fees based on contractually
defined terms with each wholesaler and recognized a reduction of revenue. At September 30, 2010
and December 31, 2009, the accrual for distribution service fees was $383,000 and $0, respectively.
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The following table summarizes the activity for the three months ended September 30, 2010
associated with product sales discounts and allowances:
Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Prompt | Product | Patient | Discounts | |||||||||||||||||||||
Pay | Launch | Stocking | Discount | Distribution | and | |||||||||||||||||||
Discounts | Discounts | Allowances | Fees | Service Fees | Allowances | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||||
Provision made for sales during period |
105 | 294 | 85 | 192 | 383 | 1,059 | ||||||||||||||||||
Payments |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2010 |
$ | 105 | $ | 294 | $ | 85 | $ | 192 | $ | 383 | $ | 1,059 | ||||||||||||
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales include the costs to manufacture, package, and ship Silenor as well as royalties
associated with our license agreement with ProCom One, Inc., or ProCom.
Inventory
Our inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. We analyze our
inventory levels quarterly and write down inventory that has become obsolete, or has a cost basis
in excess of its expected net realizable value, as well as any inventory quantities in excess of
expected requirements. Expired inventory is disposed of and the related costs are written off.
Capitalized License Fees
License fees related to our intellectual property are capitalized once technological
feasibility has been established. Costs incurred to in-license our product candidates subsequent to
FDA approval of our NDA for Silenor have been capitalized and recorded as an intangible asset.
Capitalized amounts are amortized on a straight line basis over the expected life of the
intellectual property commencing with the commercial launch of the related product. Determining
when technological feasibility has been achieved, and determining the related amortization period
for capitalized intellectual property, requires the use of estimates and subjective judgment.
Share-based Compensation
Share-based compensation expense for employees and directors is recognized in the statement of
operations based on estimated amounts, including the grant date fair value, the probability of
achieving performance conditions and the expected service period. For stock options, we estimate
the grant date fair value using the Black-Scholes valuation model, which requires the use of
multiple subjective inputs including estimated future volatility, expected forfeitures and the
expected term of the awards. Our stock did not have a readily available market prior to our initial
public offering in December 2005, creating a relatively short history from which to obtain data to
estimate volatility for our stock price. Consequently, we estimate our expected future volatility
based on a combination of both comparable companies and our own stock price volatility to the
extent such history is available. Our future volatility may differ from our estimated volatility at
the grant date. We estimate the expected term of our options using guidance provided by the
Securities Exchange Commissions, or SECs, Staff Accounting Bulletin, or SAB, No. 107 and SAB No.
110. This guidance provides a formula-driven approach for determining the expected term.
Share-based compensation recorded in our statement of operations is based on awards expected to
ultimately vest and has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. Our estimated forfeiture rates may
differ from actual forfeiture rates which would affect the amount of expense recognized during the
period.
We recognize the value of the portion of the awards that are expected to vest on a
straight-line basis over the awards requisite service periods. The requisite service period is
generally the time over which our share-based awards vest. Some of our share-based awards vest upon
achieving certain performance conditions, generally pertaining to the commercial launch of Silenor
or the achievement of other strategic objectives. Share-based compensation expense for awards with
performance conditions is recognized over the period from the date the performance condition are
determined to be probable of occurring through the time the applicable condition are met. If a
performance condition is not considered probable of being achieved, no expense is recognized until
such time the performance condition is considered probable of being met. At that time, expense is
recognized over the period during which the performance condition is likely to be achieved.
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Determining the likelihood and timing of achieving performance conditions is a subjective
judgment made by management which may affect the amount and timing of expense related to these
share-based awards. Share-based compensation is adjusted to reflect the value of options which
ultimately vest as such amounts become known in future periods. As a result of these subjective and
forward-looking estimates, the actual value of our stock options realized upon exercise could
differ significantly from those amounts recorded in our financial statements.
Results of Operations
Comparisons of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2010 and 2009
Product Sales. Product sales represent sales of Silenor for which we have recognized revenue
because the right of return no longer exists as the product has been dispensed through
prescriptions. Net product sales are recorded less estimated discounts and allowances as further
described above under Critical Accounting Policies. Net product sales for 2010 and 2009 were as
follows (in thousands, except percentages):
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | Change | |||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||||||
Gross product sales |
$ | 47 | $ | | $ | 47 | N/A | |||||||||
Discounts and allowances |
(9 | ) | | (9 | ) | N/A | ||||||||||
Total net product sales |
$ | 38 | $ | | $ | 38 | N/A | |||||||||
We recognized net product sales of $38,000 for 2010 for product sales representing product
dispensed through prescriptions which we estimated using an analysis of third-party information.
We had no product sales in 2009 as sales of Silenor commenced in the third quarter of 2010.
Reductions from gross to net product sales, which include allowances for discounts, stocking
incentives, patient discount programs and distribution service fees totaled $9,000 for 2010,
compared to $0 in the same period in 2009. As a percentage of gross sales, the reductions were
19.1% for 2010.
Cost of Sales. Cost of sales include the costs to manufacture, package, and ship Silenor as
well as royalties associated with our license agreement. Cost of sales for 2010 and 2009 was as
follows (in thousands, except percentages):
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | Change | |||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||||||
Cost of sales |
$ | 3 | $ | | $ | 3 | N/A | |||||||||
We recognized cost of sales of $3,000 for 2010 for product sales representing product
dispensed through prescriptions which we estimated using an analysis of third-party information.
We had no cost of sales in 2009 as sales of Silenor commenced in the third quarter of 2010. Gross
profit was $35,000 for 2010. Expressed as a percentage of net product sales, gross margin was
92.1% in 2010.
Research and Development Expense. Our most significant research and development costs, or
R&D, during 2010 were salaries, benefits, and share-based compensation expense related to our
research and development personnel while our most significant external costs were associated with
our development program for Silenor.
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Research and development expense for 2010 and 2009 was as follows (in thousands, except
percentages):
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | Change | |||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||||||
Personnel and other costs |
$ | 524 | $ | 297 | $ | 227 | 76 | % | ||||||||
Share-based compensation expense |
288 | 96 | 192 | 200 | % | |||||||||||
Silenor development work |
$ | 202 | $ | 113 | $ | 89 | 79 | % | ||||||||
Total research and development expense |
$ | 1,014 | $ | 506 | $ | 508 | 100 | % | ||||||||
Research and development expense was $1.0 million for 2010 compared with $0.5 million for the
comparable period in 2009. This increase is primarily due to an increase in share-based
compensation and other personnel costs due to an increase in headcount, as well as the costs
associated with process validation for the packaging of Silenor.
Selling, General and Administrative Expense. Our selling, general and administrative, or
SG&A, expense consists primarily of salaries, benefits, share-based compensation expense,
advertising, market research costs, insurance and facility costs, and professional fees related to
our marketing, administrative, finance, human resources, legal and internal systems support
functions. Our most significant selling, general and administrative expenses during 2010 were
salaries, benefits, professional service fees, market preparation activities and share based
compensation expense. Selling, general and administrative expense for 2010 and 2009 was as follows
(in thousands, except percentages):
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | Change | |||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||||||
Marketing, personnel and general costs |
$ | 10,442 | $ | 858 | $ | 9,584 | 1,117 | % | ||||||||
Share-based compensation expense |
1,481 | 481 | 1,000 | 208 | % | |||||||||||
Total selling, general and administrative expense |
$ | 11,923 | $ | 1,339 | $ | 10,584 | 790 | % | ||||||||
Selling and marketing expenses totaled $8.6 million and $0.2 million for 2010 and the
comparable period in 2009, respectively. The increase of $8.4 million was due to the costs
associated with the commercial launch of Silenor. Launch costs included the training and
deployment of Somaxons sales representatives, sample and sample distribution expenses, other
consulting costs, and promotional spending costs.
General and administrative expenses totaled $3.3 million and $1.1 million for 2010 and 2009,
respectively. The increase of $2.2 million was due to an increase in salary and personnel-related
expenses due to an increase in overall headcount and share-based compensation expense due to
vesting of performance based equity awards associated with the execution of the co-promotion
agreement with Procter & Gamble.
We expect our SG&A expenses to remain a significant component of our operating expenses in the
future. We are unable to estimate with certainty our future SG&A expenses in part because we
cannot forecast future operating results relating to Silenor, whether we will enter into future
collaborations or other strategic transactions relating to Silenor or other commercial products,
when such arrangements will be secured, if at all, and to what degree such arrangements would
affect our plans and capital requirements. In connection with anticipated patent litigation
proceedings relating to the paragraph IV certifications we received in November 2010 related to two
Abbreviated New Drug Application, or ANDA, filings, we expect that our SG&A expenses will increase.
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Comparisons of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2010 and September 30, 2009
Product Sales. Net product sales for 2010 and 2009 were as follows (in thousands, except
percentages):
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | Change | |||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||||||
Gross product sales |
$ | 47 | $ | | $ | 47 | N/A | |||||||||
Discounts and allowances |
(9 | ) | | (9 | ) | N/A | ||||||||||
Total net product sales |
$ | 38 | $ | | $ | 38 | N/A | |||||||||
We recognized net product sales of $38,000 for 2010 for product sales representing product
dispensed through prescriptions which we estimated using an analysis of third-party information.
We had no product sales in 2009 as sales of Silenor commenced in the third quarter of 2010.
Reductions from gross to net product sales, which include allowances for discounts, stocking
incentives, patient discount programs and distribution service fees totaled $9,000 for 2010,
compared to $0 in the same period in 2009. As a percentage of gross sales, the reductions were
19.1% for 2010.
Cost of Sales. Cost of sales for 2010 and 2009 was as follows (in thousands, except
percentages):
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | Change | |||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||||||
Cost of sales |
$ | 3 | $ | | $ | 3 | N/A | |||||||||
Total cost of sales |
$ | 3 | $ | | $ | 3 | N/A | |||||||||
We recognized cost of sales of $3,000 for 2010 for product sales representing product
dispensed through prescriptions which we estimated using an analysis of third-party information.
We had no cost of sales in 2009 as sales of Silenor commenced in the third quarter of 2010. Gross
profit was $35,000 for 2010. Expressed as a percentage of net product sales, gross margin was
92.1% in 2010.
License fees. We had no license fees expense in 2010. In March 2009, we entered into an
agreement with BioTie to mutually terminate our license for nalmefene. Pursuant to the termination
agreement, BioTie paid us a $1.0 million termination fee which we included as a reduction of
license fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. In June 2009, we terminated our license
agreement with the University of Miami effective as of August 2009. No further obligations remain
as of the effective date of the termination of the University of Miami license.
Research and Development Expense. Research and development expense for 2010 and 2009 was as
follows (in thousands, except percentages):
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | Change | |||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||||||
Silenor development work |
$ | 368 | $ | 583 | $ | (215 | ) | (37 | )% | |||||||
Personnel and other costs |
1,526 | 1,484 | 42 | 3 | % | |||||||||||
Share-based compensation expense |
1,047 | 1,430 | (383 | ) | (27 | )% | ||||||||||
Total research and development expense |
$ | 2,941 | $ | 3,497 | $ | (556 | ) | (16 | )% | |||||||
Research and development expense decreased $0.6 million for 2010 compared to the same period
in 2009 primarily due to lower development expenses and share-based compensation expense.
Share-based compensation for 2009 included the additional cost of our one-time stock option
exchange program that was completed in June 2009 and the impact of accelerated option vesting
arrangements under severance-related agreements. Silenor development expenses also decreased
because of the lower level of activity relating to both the NDA and non-clinical studies during
2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
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Selling, General and Administrative Expense. Selling, general and administrative expense for
2010 and 2009 was as follows (in thousands, except percentages):
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | Change | |||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||||||
Marketing, personnel and general costs |
$ | 15,630 | $ | 5,619 | $ | 10,011 | 178 | % | ||||||||
Share-based compensation expense |
4,247 | 4,174 | 73 | 2 | % | |||||||||||
Total selling, general and administrative expense |
$ | 19,877 | $ | 9,793 | $ | 10,084 | 103 | % | ||||||||
Selling and marketing expenses totaled $11.6 million and $1.3 million for the nine months
ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The increase of $10.3 million was due to the
costs associated with the commercial launch of Silenor. Launch costs included the training and
deployment of Somaxons sales representatives, sample and sample distribution, and other
promotional spending and consulting costs.
General and administrative expenses totaled $8.3 million and $8.5 million for the nine months
ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The decrease of $0.2 million was due to lower
share-based compensation expense, offset by an increase in salary and benefits expense due to an
increase in overall headcount in 2010. Share-based compensation expense for 2009 included the
additional cost of our one-time stock option exchange program that was completed in June 2009 and
the impact of accelerated option vesting arrangements under severance-related agreements.
Interest and Other (Expense). Interest and other (expense) for 2010 and 2009 was as follows
(in thousands, except percentages):
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | Change | |||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | Dollar | Percent | |||||||||||||
Interest and other (expense) |
$ | (13 | ) | $ | (259 | ) | $ | 246 | (95 | )% | ||||||
The decrease in interest and other (expense) reflects the repayment of our debt obligations in
March 2009.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since inception, our operations have been financed primarily through the sales of equity
securities and the proceeds from the exercise of warrants and stock options. Through September 30,
2010, we have received net proceeds of approximately $90.0 million from the sale of shares of our
preferred stock and net proceeds of $114.4 million through the sale of shares of our common stock,
including the exercise of stock options and warrants.
We expect to continue to incur losses and have negative cash flows from operations in the
foreseeable future as we continue our commercialization efforts for Silenor and potentially pursue
the development of other product candidates. We cannot be certain if, when, or to what extent we
will receive cash inflows from the commercialization of Silenor.
The report of our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ended December
31, 2009 included an explanatory paragraph stating that our recurring losses from operations and
negative cash flows raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. In
March 2010, we completed a public offering of 6,900,000 shares of our common stock at a public
offering price of $8.25 per share for aggregate net proceeds of approximately $52.7 million, and at
September 30, 2010 we had cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments totaling $41.5
million. We may need to obtain additional funds to finance our operations in the future. We intend
to obtain any additional funding we require through strategic relationships, public or private
equity or debt financings, assigning receivables or royalty rights or other arrangements. We
believe, based on our current operating plan, that our cash and cash equivalents as of September
30, 2010 will be sufficient to fund our operations through at least the third quarter of 2011.
Actual financial results for the period of time through which our financial resources will be
adequate to support our operations could vary based upon many factors, including but not limited to
the rate of growth of Silenor sales and the actual cost of commercial activities.
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Our future capital uses and requirements depend on numerous forward-looking factors. These
factors include but are not limited to the following:
| our success in generating cash flows from the commercialization of Silenor, together with our co-promotion partner Procter & Gamble; |
| the costs of establishing or contracting for commercial programs and resources; |
| the costs of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights; |
| the extent to which we acquire or in-license new products, technologies or businesses; |
| the rate of progress and cost of our non-clinical studies, clinical trials and other development activities; |
| the scope, prioritization and number of development programs we pursue; and |
| the effect of competing technological and market developments. |
We have invested a substantial portion of our available cash in marketable securities and
money market funds. The capital markets have recently been highly volatile and there has been a
lack of liquidity for certain financial instruments, especially those with exposure to
mortgage-backed securities and auction rate securities. All of our investments in marketable
securities and money market funds continue to be highly rated, highly liquid and have readily
determinable fair values. As a result, none of our securities are considered to be impaired.
We have two effective shelf registration statements on Form S-3 filed with the SEC under which
we may offer from time to time up to an aggregate of approximately $93.1 million in any combination
of debt securities, common and preferred stock and warrants. These registration statements could
allow us to obtain additional financing, subject to the SECs rules and regulations relating to
eligibility to use Form S-3.
Cash Flows
Net cash used in operations was $18.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2010
compared to $7.8 million in the same period in 2009. The increase in net cash used in operating
activities was primarily due to an increase in our net loss in 2010 as compared to the prior year.
Net cash used in investing activities was $22.8 million for the nine months ended September
30, 2010 compared to net cash provided by investing activities of $8.7 million in the same period
in 2009. Results for 2010 reflect net purchases of $21.3 million of marketable securities and a
$1.0 million milestone payment to ProCom under our license agreement which became due as a result
of the approval by the FDA of our NDA for Silenor. Results for 2009 reflect purchases of marketable
securities of $2.5 million, proceeds from the sale of marketable securities of $3.1 million, and
the release of restricted cash of $8.1 million in connection with the repayment of our bank debt.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $56.1 million for the nine months ended
September 30, 2010, compared to net cash used in financing activities of $9.1 million for the same
period in 2009. Our 2010 results reflect cash proceeds of $52.7 million from our follow-on
offering and proceeds of $3.4 million from the exercise of warrants and stock options. Results for
2009 reflect the repayment of $15.0 million of our bank debt and cash proceeds of $5.7 million from
the issuance of common stock and warrants in July 2009.
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Contractual Obligations
The following table describes our commitments to settle contractual obligations in cash as of
September 30, 2010 (in thousands):
Payments Due By Period | ||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Remainder | through | through | After | |||||||||||||||||
of 2010 | 2012 | 2014 | 2014 | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Non-cancellable purchase orders |
$ | 1,244 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,244 | ||||||||||
Other contractual obligations |
2,893 | 5,300 | 100 | | 8,293 | |||||||||||||||
Operating lease obligations |
37 | 91 | 15 | | 143 | |||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 4,174 | $ | 5,391 | $ | 115 | $ | | $ | 9,680 | ||||||||||
We have entered into a license agreement with ProCom to acquire the rights to develop and
commercialize Silenor. Pursuant to this agreement, we obtained exclusive, sub-licensable rights to
the patents and know-how for certain indications. This license agreement required us to pay an
upfront payment as well as additional payments upon the achievement of specific development and
regulatory approval milestones. We are also obligated to pay royalties under the agreement until
the expiration of the applicable patent. Royalty payments due under the terms of the in-license
agreement are recorded as an accrued liability as of September 30, 2010. The royalty payments will
be recognized as an expense when the related shipment is recognized as revenue. Future royalty
payments are not included in the table above because we cannot reasonably estimate them at this
time.
In July 2010, we entered into a professional detailing services agreement with Publicis, under
which Publicis has agreed to provide sales support to promote Silenor in the U.S.
through 110 full-time sales representatives, one regional field coordinator and one national
business director, all of whom will be employees of Publicis. Prior to the first anniversary of the
deployment of Publicis sales representatives, we may terminate the services agreement upon 90 days
written notice and payment to Publicis of a termination fee in a specified amount. We have
estimated this specified amount as of September 30, 2010 and included this amount in the table
above.
In August 2010, we entered into a co-promotion agreement with Procter & Gamble, under which
Procter & Gamble will provide sales support to promote Silenor in the U.S. through its team of
full-time sales representatives. Beginning in January 2011, Procter & Gamble will also provide
certain managed care support services. We will recognize the revenue from Silenor product sales
generated by the promotional efforts of Procter & Gamble. Under the terms of the agreement, we are
required to pay Procter & Gamble a fixed fee and a royalty fee as a percentage of U.S. net sales,
in each case on a quarterly basis during the term of the agreement. We have included the amounts of
the fixed fees in the table above. Future royalty payments are not included in the table above
because we cannot reasonably estimate them at this time.
We have contracted with various consultants, drug manufacturers, and other vendors to assist
in clinical trial work, pre-clinical studies, data analysis, and preparation for the commercial
launch of Silenor. The contracts are terminable at any time, but obligate us to reimburse the
providers for any time or costs incurred through the date of termination. We also have employment
agreements with each of our current executive officers that provide for severance payments and
accelerated vesting for certain share-based awards if their employment with us is terminated under
specified circumstances.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such
as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have
been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other
contractually narrow or limited purposes.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In October 2009, the FASB issued ASU No. 2009-13 Revenue Recognition, which provides
guidance on recognizing revenue in arrangements with multiple deliverables. This standard impacts
the determination of when the individual deliverables included in a multiple element arrangement
may be treated as a separate unit of accounting. It also modifies the manner in which the
consideration received from the transaction is allocated to the multiple deliverables and no longer
permits the use of the residual method of allocating arrangement consideration. This accounting
standard is effective for the first fiscal year beginning on or after June 15, 2010, with early
adoption permitted. We are still evaluating the potential future effects of this guidance.
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Caution on Forward-Looking Statements
Any statements in this report about our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions
or future events or performance are not historical facts and are forward-looking statements. You
can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of words or phrases such as believe,
may, could, will, estimate, continue, anticipate, intend, seek, plan, expect,
should or would. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from
those indicated in the forward-looking statements are risks and uncertainties inherent in our
business including, without limitation: our ability to successfully commercialize Silenor; our
ability to ensure adequate and continued supply of Silenor to successfully launch commercial sales
or meet anticipated market demand; our ability to achieve market acceptance of Silenor; our
reliance on third parties for certain services; our ability to raise sufficient capital to fund our
operations, and to meet our obligations to parties under financing agreements, and the impact of
any such financing activity on the level of our stock price; the impact of any inability to raise
sufficient capital to fund ongoing operations, including any patent infringement litigation;
changes in healthcare regulation and reimbursement policies; our ability to successfully enforce
our intellectual property rights and defend our patents; the scope, validity and duration of patent
protection and other intellectual property rights for Silenor; whether the approved label for
Silenor is sufficiently consistent with such patent protection to provide exclusivity for Silenor;
the possible introduction of generic competition of Silenor; our ability to operate our business
without infringing the intellectual property rights of others; estimates of the potential markets
for Silenor and our ability to compete in these markets; inadequate therapeutic efficacy or
unexpected adverse side effects relating to Silenor that could delay or prevent commercialization,
or that could result in recalls or product liability claims; other difficulties or delays in
development, testing, manufacturing and marketing of Silenor; the timing and results of
post-approval regulatory requirements for Silenor, and the FDAs agreement with our interpretation
of such results; and other risks detailed in this report under Part II Item 1A Risk Factors
below and previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are
reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, events, levels of activity, performance or
achievement. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking
statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, unless required by
law. This caution is made under the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation
Reform Act of 1995.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Our cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2010 consist of money market funds and
marketable securities. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal
while maximizing the income we receive from our investments without significantly increasing risk.
Historically, our primary exposure to market risk has been interest rate sensitivity. This means
that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the value of the investment to fluctuate. For
example, if we purchase a security that was issued with a fixed interest rate and the prevailing
interest rate later rises, the value of our investment will probably decline. Currently, our
holdings are in money market funds and marketable securities, and therefore this interest rate risk
is minimal. To minimize our interest rate risk going forward, we intend to continue to maintain
our portfolio of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities in a variety of securities
consisting of money market funds and United States government debt securities, all with various
maturities. In general, money market funds are not subject to market risk because the interest
paid on such funds fluctuates with the prevailing interest rate. We also generally time the
maturities of our investments to correspond with our expected cash needs, allowing us to avoid
realizing any potential losses from having to sell securities prior to their maturities.
Our cash is invested in accordance with a policy approved by our board of directors which
specifies the categories, allocations, and ratings of securities we may consider for investment.
We do not believe our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments have significant risk of
default or illiquidity. We made this determination based on discussions with our treasury managers
and a review of our holdings. While we believe our cash and cash equivalents and short-term
investments are well diversified and do not contain excessive risk, we cannot provide absolute
assurance that our investments will not be subject to future adverse changes in market value.
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Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information
required to be disclosed in our reports filed pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is
recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SECs rules
and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including
our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely
decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and
procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and
operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and
management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of
possible controls and procedures.
As required by SEC Rule 13a-15(b), we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and
with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures
as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were
effective at the reasonable assurance level as of September 30, 2010.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our most
recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect,
our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Not applicable.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2009 includes a detailed discussion of our risk factors under the
heading Part I, Item 1ARisk Factors. Set forth below are certain changes from the risk factors
previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. You should carefully consider the risk
factors discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and in this report, as well as the other
information in this report, before deciding whether to invest in shares of our common stock. The
occurrence of any of the risks discussed in the Annual Report on Form 10-K or this report could
harm our business, financial condition, results of operations or growth prospects. In that case,
the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your
investment. Except with respect to our trademarks, the trademarks, trade names and service marks
appearing in this report are the property of their respective owners.
Risks Related to Our Business
We are likely to require substantial additional funding and may be unable to raise capital when
needed, which could force us to delay, reduce or eliminate planned activities.
We began generating revenues from the commercialization of Silenor late in the third quarter
of 2010, and our operations to date have generated substantial needs for cash. We expect our
negative cash flows from operations to continue until we are able to generate significant cash
flows from the commercialization of Silenor.
The report of our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ended December
31, 2009 included an explanatory paragraph stating that our recurring losses from operations and
negative cash flows raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. In
March 2010, we completed a public offering of 6,900,000 shares of our common stock at a public
offering price of $8.25 per share for aggregate net proceeds of approximately $52.7 million, and at
September 30, 2010 we had cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments totaling $41.5
million. We believe, based on our current operating plan, that our cash and cash equivalents as of
September 30, 2010 will be sufficient to fund our operations through at least the third quarter of
2011; however, our financial resources may not be adequate through such period due to many factors,
including but not limited to the rate of growth of Silenor sales and the actual cost of commercial
activities.
We are responsible for the costs relating to the commercialization of Silenor. As a result,
commercial activities relating to Silenor are likely to result in the need for substantial
additional funds. Our future capital requirements will depend on, and could increase significantly
as a result of, many factors, including:
| our success in generating cash flows from the commercialization of Silenor, together with our co-promotion partner Procter & Gamble; |
| the costs of establishing or contracting for commercial programs and resources; |
| the terms and timing of any future collaborative, licensing and other arrangements that we may establish; |
| the costs of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights; |
| the extent to which we acquire or in-license new products, technologies or businesses; |
| the rate of progress and cost of our non-clinical studies, clinical trials and other development activities; |
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| the scope, prioritization and number of development programs we pursue; and | ||
| the effect of competing technological and market developments. |
We intend to obtain any additional funding we require through strategic relationships, public
or private equity or debt financings, assigning receivables or royalty rights, or other
arrangements and cannot assure that such funding will be available on reasonable terms, or at all.
If we are unsuccessful in raising additional required funds, we may be required to delay,
scale-back or eliminate plans or programs relating to our business, relinquish some or all rights
to Silenor, or renegotiate less favorable terms with respect to such rights than we would otherwise
choose. In addition, if we do not meet our payment obligations to third parties as they come due,
we may be subject to litigation claims. Even if we are successful in defending against these
claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management, and may
result in unfavorable results that could further adversely impact our financial condition. If we
raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, substantial dilution to existing stockholders
would result. If we raise additional funds by incurring debt financing, the terms of the debt may
involve significant cash payment obligations as well as covenants and specific financial ratios
that may restrict our ability to operate our business.
Our success is dependent on the success of Silenor (doxepin).
To date, the majority of our resources have been focused on the development of Silenor, and
substantially all of our resources are now focused on the commercial launch of Silenor. Our ability
to generate product revenue in the near term will depend solely on the success of this product.
Accordingly, any disruption in our ability to generate revenues from the sale of Silenor or lack of
success in its commercialization will have a substantial adverse impact on our business.
Even though Silenor received regulatory approval, it will still be subject to substantial
ongoing regulation.
Even though U.S. regulatory approval has been obtained for Silenor, the FDA has imposed
restrictions on its indicated uses or marketing and imposed ongoing requirements for post-approval
studies or other activities. For example, the approved use of Silenor is limited to the treatment
of insomnia characterized by sleep maintenance difficulty. In addition, the FDA has required us to
implement a risk evaluation and mitigation strategy, or REMS, consisting of a medication guide and
a timetable for assessment of its effectiveness. We are also required to complete a standard
clinical trial assessing the safety and efficacy of Silenor in children aged 6 to 16 pursuant to
the Pediatric Research Equity Act of 2003, and to submit final results of this trial by March 2015.
Any issues relating to these restrictions or requirements could have an adverse impact on our
ability to achieve market acceptance of Silenor and generate revenues from its sale.
Recently, the FDA has also requested that all manufacturers of sedative-hypnotic drug products
modify their product labeling to include stronger language concerning potential risks. These risks
include severe allergic reactions and complex sleep-related behaviors, which may include
sleep-driving. The FDA also recommended that the drug manufacturers conduct clinical studies to
investigate the frequency with which sleep-driving and other complex behaviors occur in association
with individual drug products. Our approved label for Silenor includes warnings relating to risks
of complex sleep behaviors.
Silenor is also subject to ongoing FDA requirements for the labeling, packaging, storage,
advertising, promotion, record-keeping and submission of safety and other post-market information.
For example, the FDA may require modifications to our REMS for Silenor at a later date if warranted
by new safety information. Any future requirements imposed by the FDA may require substantial
expenditures.
In addition, all marketing activities associated with Silenor, as well as marketing activities
related to any other products that we promote, are subject to numerous federal and state laws
governing the marketing and promotion of pharmaceutical products. The FDA regulates post-approval
promotional labeling and advertising to ensure that such activities conform to statutory and
regulatory requirements. Such regulation and FDA review could require us to alter our marketing
materials or strategy, incur additional costs or delay certain of our promotional activities.
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In addition to FDA restrictions, the marketing of prescription drugs is subject to laws and
regulations prohibiting fraud and abuse under government healthcare programs. For example, the
federal health care program anti-kickback statute prohibits, among other things, knowingly and
willfully offering, paying, soliciting or receiving remuneration to induce or in return for
purchasing, leasing, ordering or arranging for the purchase, lease or order of any health care item
or service
reimbursable under Medicare, Medicaid or other federally financed health care programs. This
statute has been interpreted to apply to arrangements between pharmaceutical manufacturers on the
one hand and prescribers, purchasers and formulary managers on the other. Although there are a
number of statutory exemptions and regulatory safe harbors protecting certain common activities
from prosecution or other regulatory sanctions, the exemptions and safe harbors are drawn narrowly,
and practices that involve remuneration intended to induce prescribing, purchases or
recommendations may be subject to scrutiny if they do not qualify for an exemption or safe harbor.
Federal false claims laws prohibit any person from knowingly presenting, or causing to be
presented, a false claim for payment to the federal government, or knowingly making, or causing to
be made, a false statement to have a false claim paid. Recently, several pharmaceutical and other
health care companies have been prosecuted under these laws for allegedly inflating drug prices
they report to pricing services, which in turn are used by the government to set Medicare and
Medicaid reimbursement rates, and for allegedly providing free product to customers with the
expectation that the customers would bill federal programs for the product. In addition, certain
marketing practices, including off-label promotion, may also violate false claims laws. The
majority of states also have statutes or regulations similar to the federal anti-kickback law and
false claims laws, which apply to items and services reimbursed under Medicaid and other state
programs, or, in several states, which apply regardless of the payor. If we fail to comply with
applicable FDA regulations or other laws or regulations relating to the marketing of Silenor or any
other product, we could be subject to criminal prosecution, civil penalties, seizure of products,
injunction, or exclusion of such products from reimbursement under government programs, as well as
other regulatory actions.
Approved products, manufacturers and manufacturers facilities are subject to continual review
and periodic inspections. If a regulatory agency discovers previously unknown problems with a
product, such as adverse events of unanticipated severity or frequency, or problems with the
facility where the product is manufactured, a regulatory agency may impose restrictions on that
product or on us, including requiring withdrawal of the product from the market.
The distribution of pharmaceuticals is also regulated by state regulatory agencies, including
the requirement to obtain and maintain distribution permits or licenses in many states. Compliance
with these requirements may require the expenditure of substantial resources and could impact the
manner and scope of our distribution operations. If we fail to comply with applicable state
regulations relating to the distribution of Silenor or any other product we market, we could be
subject to criminal prosecution, civil penalties, seizure of products, injunctions, or other
regulatory actions.
We have implemented a comprehensive compliance program and related infrastructure, but we
cannot provide absolute assurance that we are or will be in compliance with all potentially
applicable laws and regulations. If our operations relating to Silenor fail to comply with
applicable regulatory requirements, a regulatory agency may:
| issue warning letters or untitled letters; | ||
| impose civil or criminal penalties, including fines; | ||
| suspend regulatory approval; | ||
| impose requirements to conduct additional clinical, non-clinical or other studies; | ||
| suspend any ongoing clinical trials; | ||
| refuse to approve pending applications or supplements to approved applications filed by us; | ||
| impose restrictions on operations, including costly new manufacturing requirements; or | ||
| seize or detain products or require a product recall. |
We, our co-promotion partner, Procter & Gamble, and our contract sales provider, Publicis, will
need to retain qualified sales and marketing personnel and collaborate in order to successfully
commercialize Silenor.
In August 2010, we entered into a co-promotion agreement with Procter & Gamble, under which
its sales representatives will provide a minimum number of primary details to certain healthcare
professionals and a minimum number of calls to pharmacists promoting Silenor. In addition, in July
2010, we retained Publicis to provide 110 sales representatives to promote Silenor under the terms
of a contract sales agreement. These representatives are employees of Publicis but will be hired
to our specifications and will be managed by our team of Somaxon sales management personnel. As a
result, Silenor is now supported by 215 field sales representatives who promote Silenor in the
primary detail position.
To the extent we, Procter & Gamble and Publicis are not successful in retaining qualified
sales and marketing personnel, we may not be able to effectively market Silenor.
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We and Procter & Gamble each have the right to terminate the co-promotion agreement at any
time following December 31, 2011 by providing at least 90 days prior written notice, as well as
other more limited termination rights. While our agreement with Procter & Gamble requires its field
sales representatives to promote our products in a minimum number of primary details to target
physicians and a minimum number of pharmacy calls, we cannot be sure that Procter & Gambles
efforts will be successful.
Our agreement with Publicis will cause us to incur significant costs, and we cannot be sure
that the efforts of the contract sales force, together with any efforts made by Procter & Gamble to
promote our products, will generate sufficient awareness or demand for our products. If we
determine that the contract sales force is not successful and we decide to terminate our agreement
with Publicis prior to the one-year anniversary of the deployment of the contract sales force, we
will incur termination fees.
Any revenues we receive from sales of our products will largely depend upon the efforts
Procter & Gamble and Publicis, which in many instances will not be within our control. If we are
unable to maintain our co-promotion agreement with Procter & Gamble, to maintain our services
agreement with Publicis or to effectively establish alternative arrangements to market our
products, our business could be adversely affected. In addition, despite our arrangements with
Procter & Gamble and Publicis, we still may not be able to cover all of the prescribing physicians
for insomnia at the same level of reach and frequency as our competitors, and we ultimately may
need to further expand our selling efforts in order to effectively compete.
In addition to Procter & Gamble and Publicis, we rely on other third parties to perform many
other necessary services for our commercial products, including services related to the storage
and distribution of our products.
We have retained third-party service providers to perform a variety of functions related to
the sale and distribution of our products, key aspects of which are out of our direct control. For
example, we rely on one third-party service provider to provide key services related to warehousing
and inventory management, distribution, contract administration and chargeback processing, accounts
receivable management and call center management, and, as a result, most of our inventory is stored
at a single warehouse maintained by the service provider. We also utilize third parties to perform
various other services for us relating to e-detailing, sample processing, and regulatory
monitoring, including adverse event reporting, safety database management and other product
maintenance services.
We place substantial reliance on the third-party providers that perform services for us. If
these third-party service providers fail to effectively provide services to us, fail to comply with
applicable laws and regulations, fail to meet expected deadlines, or otherwise do not carry out
their contractual duties to us, or encounter physical or natural damage at their facilities, our
ability to successfully commercialize Silenor would be significantly impaired, or we could be
subject to regulatory sanctions. We do not currently have the internal capacity to perform these
important commercial functions, and we may not be able to maintain commercial arrangements for
these services on reasonable terms.
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If Silenor or any other product we commercialize does not achieve broad market acceptance, the
revenues that we generate from its sale will be limited.
The commercial success of Silenor or any other product which we commercialize will depend upon
the acceptance of the product by the medical community and reimbursement of the product by
third-party payors, including government payors. The degree of market acceptance of any approved
product will depend on a number of factors, including:
| the scope and effectiveness of our sales, marketing and distribution resources and strategies, or those of our collaborators, if any; | ||
| our ability to provide acceptable evidence of safety and efficacy and physician and patient understanding of differential indications for use, such as sleep maintenance; | ||
| prevalence and severity of any adverse side effects; | ||
| limitations or warnings contained in the FDA-approved labeling of Silenor or any other product that we commercialize; | ||
| pricing and cost effectiveness; | ||
| relative convenience and ease of administration; | ||
| availability of alternative treatments, including, in the case of Silenor, a number of competitive products already approved for the treatment of insomnia or expected to be commercially launched in the future; | ||
| off-label substitution by chemically similar or equivalent products; and | ||
| our ability to obtain sufficient third-party coverage or reimbursement. |
If Silenor or any other product that we commercialize does not achieve an adequate level of
acceptance by physicians, health care payors and patients, or adequate payment and reimbursement
levels are not provided, or if those policies increasingly favor generic products, we may not
generate sufficient revenue from the product, and we may not become or remain profitable. In
addition, our efforts to educate the medical community and third-party payors on the benefits of
Silenor or any other product that we commercialize may require significant resources and may never
be successful.
Generic pricing plans, such as those implemented by Wal-Mart, CVS, Rite Aid and Walgreens, may
affect the market for our products.
In September 2006, Wal-Mart began offering certain generic drugs at $4 per prescription, and
various other retailers including CVS, Rite Aid and Walgreens currently offer generic drugs at
similar prices. Some retailers have also offered certain generic drugs for free on a limited
basis. These and many other retailers have significant market presence, and any decision by them to
make generic analogs of our products available at substantially lower prices may have a material
adverse effect on the market for our products and our ability to generate revenues from their sale.
We are subject to uncertainty relating to healthcare reform measures, reimbursement policies and
regulatory proposals which, if not favorable to Silenor or any other product that we
commercialize, could hinder or prevent our commercial success.
Our ability to successfully commercialize Silenor and any other product to which we obtain
rights will depend in part on the extent to which governmental authorities, private health insurers
and other organizations establish appropriate coverage and reimbursement levels for the cost of our
products and related treatments. The continuing efforts of the government, insurance companies,
managed care organizations and other payors of healthcare services to contain or reduce costs of
healthcare may adversely affect:
| the ability to obtain a price we believe is fair for our products; | ||
| the ability to generate revenues and achieve or maintain profitability; |
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| the future revenues and profitability of our potential customers, suppliers and collaborators; and | ||
| the availability of capital. |
The U.S. Congress recently enacted legislation to reform the healthcare system. A major goal
of the new healthcare reform law was to provide greater access to healthcare coverage for more
Americans. Accordingly, the new healthcare reform law requires individual U.S. citizens and legal
residents to maintain qualifying health coverage, imposes certain requirements on employers with
respect to offering health coverage to employees, amends insurance regulations regarding when
coverage can be provided and denied to individuals, and expands existing government healthcare
coverage programs to more individuals in more situations. Among other things, the new healthcare
reform law specifically:
| establishes annual, non-deductible fees on any entity that manufactures or imports certain branded prescription drugs, beginning in 2011; | ||
| increases minimum Medicaid rebates owed by manufacturers under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program, retroactive to January 1, 2010; | ||
| redefines a number of terms used to determine Medicaid drug rebate liability, including average manufacturer price and retail community pharmacy, effective October 2010; | ||
| extends manufacturers Medicaid rebate liability to covered drugs dispensed to individuals who are enrolled in Medicaid managed care organizations, effective March 2010; | ||
| expands eligibility criteria for Medicaid programs by, among other things, allowing states to offer Medicaid coverage to additional individuals beginning April 2010 and by adding new mandatory eligibility categories for certain individuals with income at or below 133 percent of the Federal Poverty Level beginning 2014, thereby potentially increasing manufacturers Medicaid rebate liability; | ||
| establishes a new Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to oversee, identify priorities in and conduct comparative clinical effectiveness research; | ||
| requires manufacturers to participate in a coverage gap discount program, under which they must agree to offer 50 percent point-of-sale discounts off negotiated prices of applicable brand drugs to eligible beneficiaries during their coverage gap period, as a condition for the manufacturers outpatient drugs to be covered under Medicare Part D, beginning 2011; and | ||
| increases the number of entities eligible for discounts under the Public Health Service pharmaceutical pricing program, effective January 2010. |
While this legislation will, over time, increase the number of patients who have insurance
coverage for our products, it also is likely to adversely affect our results of operations. Some
states are also considering legislation that would control the prices of drugs, and state Medicaid
programs are increasingly requesting manufacturers to pay supplemental rebates and/or requiring
prior authorization by the state program. It is likely that federal and state legislatures and
health agencies will continue to focus on additional healthcare reform in the future.
As a result of the new reform measures, we may determine to change our current manner of
operation or change our contract arrangements, any of which could harm our ability to operate our
business efficiently or on the scale we would like and our ability to raise capital. In addition,
in certain foreign markets, the pricing of prescription drugs is subject to government control and
reimbursement may in some cases be unavailable or insufficient.
Current healthcare reform measures and any future legislative proposals to reform healthcare
or reduce government insurance programs may result in lower prices for Silenor and any other
product that we commercialize or exclusion of Silenor or any such other product from coverage and
reimbursement programs. Either of those could harm our ability to market our products and
significantly reduce our revenues from the sale of our products.
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Managed care organizations are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical
products and services and, in some cases, imposing restrictions on the coverage of particular
drugs. Many managed care organizations negotiate the price of medical services and products and
develop formularies which establish pricing and reimbursement levels. Exclusion of a product from a
formulary can lead to its sharply reduced usage in the managed care organizations patient
population. The process for obtaining coverage can be lengthy and costly, and we expect that it
could take several months before a particular payor initially reviews our product and makes a
decision with respect to coverage. For example, third-party payors may require cost-benefit
analysis data from us in order to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of any product we might bring
to market. For any individual third-party payor, we may not be able to provide data sufficient to
gain reimbursement on a similar or preferred basis to competitive products, or at all.
In addition, many insurers and other healthcare payment organizations encourage the use of
less expensive alternative generic brands and over-the-counter, or OTC, products through their
prescription benefits coverage and reimbursement policies. The availability of generic
prescription and OTC products for the treatment of insomnia has created, and will continue to
create, a competitive reimbursement environment. Insurers and other healthcare payment
organizations frequently make the generic or OTC alternatives more attractive to the patient by
providing different amounts of reimbursement so that the net cost of the generic or OTC product to
the patient is less than the net cost of a prescription branded product to the patient. Aggressive
pricing policies by our generic or OTC product competitors and the prescription benefit policies of
insurers could have a negative effect on our product revenues and profitability.
The competition among pharmaceutical companies to have their products approved for
reimbursement also results in downward pricing pressure in the industry and in the markets where
our products compete. In some cases, we may discount our products in order to obtain reimbursement
coverage, and we may not be successful in any efforts we take to mitigate the effect of a decline
in average selling prices for our products. Declines in our average selling prices would also
reduce our gross margins.
In addition, once reimbursement at an agreed level is approved by a third-party payor, we may
lose that reimbursement entirely. As reimbursement is often approved for a period of time, this
risk is greater at the end of the time period, if any, for which the reimbursement was approved.
We may face additional challenges with regard to reimbursement which could affect our ability
to successfully commercialize Silenor or any other product candidate that we commercialize,
including:
| the variability of reimbursement rates likely to be caused by the use of miscellaneous drug codes and procedure codes may discourage physicians from providing Silenor or any other product candidate that we commercialize to certain or all patients depending on their insurance coverage; |
| the initial use of miscellaneous drug codes for billing Silenor or any other product candidate that we commercialize until such time as specific drug codes are approved could result in slow and/or inaccurate reimbursement and thereby discourage product use; |
| an increase in insurance plans that place more cost liability onto patients may limit patients willingness to pay for Silenor or any other product candidate that we commercialize and thereby discourage uptake; and |
| unforeseen changes in federal health care policy guidelines may negatively impact a physician practices willingness to provide novel treatments. |
If our products are not included within an adequate number of formularies or adequate
reimbursement levels are not provided, or if those policies increasingly favor generic or OTC
products, our overall business and financial condition would be adversely affected.
Further, there have been a number of legislative and regulatory proposals concerning
reimportation of pharmaceutical products and safety matters. For example, in an attempt to protect
against counterfeit drugs, the federal government and numerous states have enacted pedigree
legislation. In particular, California has enacted legislation that requires development of an
electronic pedigree to track and trace each prescription drug at the saleable unit level through
the distribution system. Californias electronic pedigree requirement is scheduled to take effect
beginning in January 2015.
Compliance with California and future federal or state electronic pedigree requirements will
likely require an increase in our operational expenses and will likely be administratively
burdensome.
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Restrictions on or challenges to our patent rights relating to our products and limitations on or
challenges to our other intellectual property rights may limit our ability to prevent third
parties from competing against us.
Our success will depend on our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection for Silenor
and any other product candidate we develop or commercialize, preserve our trade secrets, prevent
third parties from infringing upon our proprietary rights and operate without infringing upon the
proprietary rights of others. The patent rights that we have in-licensed relating to Silenor are
limited in ways that may affect our ability to exclude third parties from competing against us. In
particular, we do not hold composition of matter patents covering the active pharmaceutical
ingredients of Silenor. Composition of matter patents on active pharmaceutical ingredients are a
particularly effective form of intellectual property protection for pharmaceutical products as they
apply without regard to any method of use or other type of limitation. As a result, competitors who
obtain the requisite regulatory approval can offer products with the same active ingredients as our
products so long as the competitors do not infringe any method of use or formulation patents that
we may hold.
The principal patent protection that covers, or that we expect will cover, Silenor consists of
method of use patents. This type of patent protects the product only when used or sold for the
specified method. However, this type of patent does not limit a competitor from making and
marketing a product that is identical to our product for an indication that is outside of the
patented method. Moreover, physicians may prescribe such a competitive identical product for
off-label indications that are covered by the applicable patents. Although such off-label
prescriptions may induce or contribute to the infringement of method of use patents, the practice
is common and such infringement is difficult to prevent or prosecute.
Because products with active ingredients identical to ours have been on the market for many
years, there can be no assurance that these other products were never used off-label or studied in
such a manner that such prior usage would not affect the validity of our method of use patents. Due
to some prior art that we identified, we initiated a reexamination of one of the patents we have
in-licensed covering Silenor, (specifically, U.S. Patent No. 5,502,047, Treatment for Insomnia)
which claims the treatment of chronic insomnia using doxepin in a daily dosage of 0.5 mg to 20 mg
and expires in March 2013. The reexamination proceedings terminated and the U.S. Patent and
Trademark Office, or USPTO, issued a reexamination certificate narrowing certain claims, so that
the broadest dosage ranges claimed by us are 0.5 mg to 20 mg for otherwise healthy patients with
chronic insomnia and for patients with chronic insomnia resulting from depression, and 0.5 mg to 4
mg for all other chronic insomnia patients. We also requested reissue of this same patent to
consider some additional prior art and to add intermediate dosage ranges below 10 mg. In two office
actions relating to this reissue request, the USPTO raised no prior art objections to 32 of the 34
claims we were seeking and raised a prior art objection to the other two, as well as some technical
objections. Each of the claims objected to by the USPTO related to dosages above 10 mg. After
further review of the prior art submitted, the USPTO withdrew all of its prior art objections. We
then determined that the proposed addition of the intermediate dosage ranges and the resolution of
the technical objections no longer warranted continuation of the reissue proceeding. As a result,
we elected not to continue that proceeding.
We also have multiple internally developed pending patent applications. No assurance can be
given that the USPTO or other applicable regulatory authorities will allow pending applications to
result in issued patents with the claims we are seeking, or at all.
Patent applications in the United States are confidential for a period of time until they are
published, and publication of discoveries in scientific or patent literature typically lags actual
discoveries by several months. As a result, we cannot be certain that the inventors of the issued
patents that we in-licensed were the first to conceive of inventions covered by pending patent
applications or that the inventors were the first to file patent applications for such inventions.
In addition, third parties may challenge our in-licensed patents and any of our own patents
that we may obtain, which could result in the invalidation or unenforceability of some or all of
the relevant patent claims, or could attempt to develop products utilizing the same active
pharmaceutical ingredients as our products that do not infringe the claims of our in-licensed
patents or patents that we may obtain.
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When a third party files an ANDA for a product containing doxepin for the treatment of insomnia
at any time during which we have patents listed for Silenor in the FDAs Orange Book publication,
the applicant will be required to certify to the FDA concerning the listed patents. Specifically,
the applicant must certify that: (1) the required patent information relating
to the listed patent has not been filed in the NDA for the approved product; (2) the listed
patent has expired; (3) the listed patent has not expired, but will expire on a particular date and
approval is sought after patent expiration; or (4) the listed patent is invalid or will not be
infringed by the manufacture, use or sale of the new product. A certification that the new product
will not infringe the Orange Book-listed patents for Silenor or that such patents are invalid is
called a paragraph IV certification.
On November 3, 2010, we received a notice from each of Actavis Elizabeth LLC, or Actavis, and
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc., or Mylan, that each has filed with the FDA an ANDA for a generic
version of Silenor 3 mg and 6 mg tablets. The notices each included a paragraph IV certification
with respect to seven of the eight patents listed in the Orange Book
for Silenor. The patent not subject to a paragraph IV
certification expires in March 2013.
We are currently reviewing the details of the notices. Under the Hatch-Waxman Act, if we
initiate a patent infringement suit asserting infringement of any of the patents identified in a
paragraph IV notice within 45 days after we receive the notice, the FDA will not approve the ANDA
until the earlier of 30 months from the receipt of the notices, or a
decision that all of the patents in the litigation are not infringed or
invalid, unless either party to the action failed to cooperate reasonably to expedite the
infringement action.
We intend to vigorously enforce our intellectual property rights relating to Silenor, but we
cannot predict the outcome of this matter. Silenor is protected by eight patents covering approved
methods of use of the product and its formulation, all of which are listed in the Orange Book.
Certain pharmaceutical companies patent settlement agreements with generic pharmaceutical
companies have been challenged by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission alleging a violation of Section
5(a) of the Federal Trade Commission Act, and any patent settlement agreement that we may enter
into with any generic pharmaceutical companies may be subject to similar challenges, which will be
both expensive and time consuming and may render such settlement agreements unenforceable.
We also rely upon unpatented trade secrets and improvements, unpatented know-how and
continuing technological innovation to develop and maintain our competitive position, which we seek
to protect, in part, by confidentiality agreements with our collaborators, employees and
consultants. We also have invention or patent assignment agreements with our employees and certain
consultants. There can be no assurance that inventions relevant to us will not be developed by a
person not bound by an invention assignment agreement with us. There can be no assurance that
binding agreements will not be breached, that we would have adequate remedies for any breach, or
that our trade secrets will not otherwise become known or be independently discovered by our
competitors.
Litigation or other proceedings to enforce or defend intellectual property rights is often
very complex in nature, expensive and time-consuming, may divert our managements attention from
our core business and may result in unfavorable results that could adversely impact our ability to
prevent third parties from competing with us.
Our future reporting and payment obligations under governmental purchasing and rebate programs
will be complex and may involve subjective decisions, and any failure to comply with those
obligations could subject us to penalties and sanctions, which in turn could have a material
adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
As a condition of reimbursement by various federal and state healthcare programs, we will need
to calculate and report certain pricing information to federal and state healthcare agencies. The
regulations regarding the reporting of such pricing information are complex. Our calculations and
methodologies will be subject to review and challenge by the applicable governmental agencies, and
it is possible that such reviews could result in material changes to our calculations. In addition,
because our calculations and the judgments involved in making these calculations will involve
subjective decisions and complex methodologies, these calculations are subject to the risk of
errors. Any failure to comply with governmental reporting and payment obligations could result in
civil and/or criminal sanctions.
We expect intense competition in the insomnia marketplace for Silenor and any other product to
which we acquire rights, and new products may emerge that provide different and/or better
therapeutic alternatives for the disorders that our products are intended to treat.
Silenor will compete with well established drugs for this indication, including the branded
and generic versions of
Sanofi-Synthélabo, Inc.s Ambien and Ambien CR, King Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s Sonata, and
Lunesta, marketed by Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Dainippon Sumitomo
Pharma Co., Ltd., all of which are GABA-receptor agonists, and Takeda Pharmaceuticals North
America, Inc.s Rozerem, a melatonin receptor antagonist.
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A number of companies are marketing reformulated versions of previously approved GABA-receptor
agonists, for example, Meda AB and Orexo AB launched Edluar, formerly known as Sublinox, a
sublingual tablet formulation of zopidem in the third quarter of 2009. ECR Pharmaceuticals
Company, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Hi-Tech Pharmacal Co., Inc., has announced that it
planned to launch NovaDel Pharma, Inc.s ZolpiMist, an oral mist formulation of zolpidem, in the
United States in the first half of 2010, but has not yet launched the product.
In addition to the currently approved products for the treatment of insomnia, a number of new
products are expected to enter the insomnia market over the next several years. Transcept
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. submitted an NDA for Intermezzo, a low-dose sublingual tablet formulation of
zolpidem in 2008, and in October 2009, Transcept announced that it received a complete response
letter from the FDA relating to such NDA. Transcept held a meeting with the FDA in January 2010 to
discuss the implications of the complete response letter. In October 2010, Transcept announced
the results of a driving study to assess next day residual effects for Intermezzo. Transcept and
Purdue Pharmaceutical Products L.P. have entered into an exclusive license and collaboration
agreement to commercialize Intermezzo in the United States.
Alexza Pharmaceuticals, Inc. has announced positive results from a Phase 1 clinical trial of
an inhaled formulation of zaleplon, the active pharmaceutical ingredient in Sonata. In July 2010,
Alexza announced that it was advancing this product candidate into Phase 2 clinical trials during
the first half of 2011 for the treatment of insomnia in patients who have difficulty falling
asleep, including those patients who awake in the middle of the night and have difficulty falling
back asleep. Somnus Therapeutics, Inc. has announced positive results from two Phase 1 clinical
trials of a delayed-release formulation of zaleplon and has initiated Phase 2 clinical trials of
that product candidate.
Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc. has completed two Phase 3 clinical trials of tasimelteon, a
melatonin receptor agonist. Tasimelteon received orphan drug designation status for non-24 hour
sleep/wake disorder in blind individuals with no light perception. Vanda has initiated a Phase 3
clinical trial for tasimelteon to treat this disorder. Vanda has announced that it plans to
conduct additional clinical trials and plans to file an NDA with the FDA by the first quarter of
2013.
Merck & Co., Inc. has MK-4305, an orexin antagonist, in Phase 3 clinical trials for the
treatment of insomnia and MK-6096 in Phase 2 clinical trials for the treatment of insomnia. Merck
has announced that it plans to file regulatory applications for MK-4305 in 2012.
Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd. completed a Phase 3 clinical trial of almorexant, an orexin
antagonist, in December 2009, and subsequently expanded the clinical trial during the first half of
2010. Actelion and GlaxoSmithKline have entered into a collaboration relating to almorexant under
which GlaxoSmithKline received exclusive, worldwide rights to co-develop and co-commercialize
almorexant together with Actelion.
Several other companies, including Sepracor, are evaluating 5HT2 antagonists as potential
hypnotics, and Eli Lilly and Company is evaluating a potential hypnotic that is a dual
histamine/5HT2 antagonist. Additionally, several other companies are evaluating new formulations of
existing compounds and other compounds for the treatment of insomnia.
Furthermore, generic versions of Ambien and Sonata have been launched and are priced
significantly lower than approved, branded insomnia products. Sales of all of these drugs may
reduce the available market for, and could put downward pressure on, the price we are able to
charge for Silenor, which could ultimately limit our ability to generate significant revenues.
Upon the expiration of, or successful challenge to, our patents covering Silenor, generic
competitors may introduce a generic version of Silenor at a lower price. Some generic
manufacturers have also demonstrated a willingness to launch generic versions of branded products
before the final resolution of related patent litigation (known as an at-risk launch). A launch
of a generic version of Silenor could have a material adverse effect on our business and we could
suffer a significant loss of sales and market share in a short period of time.
On November 3, 2010, we received a notice from each of Actavis and Mylan that each has filed
with the FDA an ANDA for a generic version of Silenor 3 mg and 6 mg tablets. The notices each
included a paragraph IV certification with
respect to seven of the eight patents listed in the Orange Book for
Silenor. The patent not subject to a paragraph IV certification
expires in March 2013.
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We are currently reviewing the details of the notices. Under the Hatch-Waxman Act, if we
initiate a patent infringement suit asserting infringement of any of the patents identified in a
paragraph IV notice within 45 days after we receive the notice, the FDA will not approve the ANDA
until the earlier of 30 months from the receipt of the notices,
or a decision that all of the patents in the litigation are not infringed or
invalid, unless either party to the action failed to cooperate reasonably to expedite the
infringement action.
We intend to vigorously enforce our intellectual property rights relating to Silenor, but we
cannot predict the outcome of this matter. Silenor is protected by eight patents covering approved
methods of use of the product and its formulation, all of which are listed in the Orange Book.
The biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries are subject to rapid and intense technological
change. We face, and will continue to face, competition in the development and marketing of Silenor
or any other product candidate to which we acquire rights from academic institutions, government
agencies, research institutions and biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies. There can be no
assurance that developments by others, including the development of other drug technologies and
methods of preventing the incidence of disease, will not render Silenor or any other product
candidate that we develop obsolete or noncompetitive.
Compared to us, many of our potential competitors have substantially greater:
| capital resources; | ||
| manufacturing, distribution and sales and marketing resources and experience; | ||
| research and development resources, including personnel and technology; | ||
| regulatory experience; | ||
| experience conducting non-clinical studies and clinical trials, and related resources; and | ||
| expertise in prosecution of intellectual property rights. |
As a result of these factors, our competitors may develop drugs that are more effective and
less costly than ours and may be more successful than we are in manufacturing, marketing and
selling their products. Our competitors may also obtain patent protection or other intellectual
property rights or seek to invalidate or otherwise challenge our intellectual property rights,
limiting our ability to successfully commercialize products.
In addition, manufacturing efficiency and selling and marketing capabilities are likely to be
significant competitive factors. We currently have no commercial manufacturing capability and more
limited sales and marketing infrastructure than many of our competitors and potential competitors.
We will need to increase the size of our organization, and we may experience difficulties in
managing growth.
Since the beginning of the year, we have increased our employee team from 5 to 37 full-time
employees as of September 30, 2010. Our management and personnel, systems and facilities currently
in place may not be adequate to support the growth required to support our commercialization
efforts. Our need to effectively manage our operations, growth and various projects requires that
we:
| manage our commercialization efforts effectively while carrying out our contractual obligations to collaborators and other third parties and complying with all applicable laws, rules and regulations; |
| continue to improve our operational, financial and management controls, reporting systems and procedures; and |
| attract, train and retain sufficient numbers of talented employees. |
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We may be unable to successfully implement these tasks on a larger scale and, accordingly, may
not achieve our commercialization goals.
We depend on a limited number of wholesaler customers for the retail distribution of Silenor, and
if we lose significant wholesaler customers, our business could be harmed.
Our customers for our Silenor product include some of the nations leading wholesale
pharmaceutical distributors, such as Cardinal Health, Inc., McKesson Corporation and
AmerisourceBergen Corporation, and major drug chains. The loss of any of these as a wholesaler
customer or a material reduction in their purchases could harm our business, financial condition or
results of operations. In addition, we may face pricing pressure from our wholesaler customers.
We face potential product exposure damage, and, if successful claims are brought against us, we
may incur substantial liability for a product and may have to limit its commercialization.
The sale of approved products and the use of product candidates by us in clinical trials
expose us to the risk of product liability claims. Product liability claims might be brought
against us by consumers, health care providers, pharmaceutical companies or others selling our
products. If we cannot successfully defend ourselves against these claims, we will incur
substantial liabilities. Regardless of merit or eventual outcome, liability claims may result in:
| decreased demand for our products; | ||
| impairment of our business reputation; | ||
| withdrawal of clinical trial participants; | ||
| costs of related litigation; | ||
| substantial monetary awards to patients or other claimants; | ||
| loss of revenues; and | ||
| the inability or lack of commercial rationale to continue development or commercialization of Silenor or any other product candidate. |
We have obtained limited insurance coverage to include the sale of Silenor, including coverage
for product liability claims, but our insurance coverage may not reimburse us at all or may not be
sufficient to reimburse us for any expenses or losses we may suffer. Moreover, insurance coverage
is becoming increasingly expensive, and, in the future, we may not be able to maintain insurance
coverage at a reasonable cost or in sufficient amounts to protect us against losses due to
liability. On occasion, large judgments have been awarded in class action lawsuits based on drugs
that had unanticipated side effects. A successful product liability claim or series of claims
brought against us could cause our stock price to fall and, if judgments exceed our insurance
coverage, could decrease our cash and adversely affect our business.
Risks Related to Our Finances and Capital Requirements
Capital raising activities, such as issuing securities, incurring debt, assigning receivables or
royalty rights or entering into collaborations or other strategic transactions, may cause
dilution to existing stockholders or a reduction in our stock price, restrict our operations or
require us to relinquish proprietary rights and may be limited by applicable laws and
regulations.
Based on our recurring losses, negative cash flows from operations and working capital levels,
we may need to raise substantial additional funds. If we are unable to maintain sufficient
financial resources, including by raising additional funds when needed, our business, financial
condition and results of operations will be materially and adversely affected.
Because we may need to raise additional capital to fund our business, among other things, we
may conduct substantial equity offerings. For example, in March 2010, we completed a public
offering of 6,900,000 shares of our common stock at a public offering price of $8.25 per share for
aggregate net proceeds of approximately $52.7 million. In July 2009, we completed a private
placement of 5.1 million shares of our common stock at a price of $1.05 per share and seven-year
warrants to purchase up to 5.1 million additional shares of our common stock, exercisable in cash
or by net exercise at a
price of $1.155 per share, for aggregate net proceeds of $5.7 million. We also have two
effective shelf registration statements on Form S-3 filed with the SEC under which we may offer
from time to time up to an aggregate of approximately $93.1 million in any combination of debt
securities, common and preferred stock and warrants.
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To the extent that we raise any required additional capital by issuing equity securities, our
existing stockholders ownership will be diluted. Any such dilution of the holdings of our current
stockholders may result in downward pressure on the price of our common stock.
Any debt, receivables or royalty financing we enter into may involve covenants that restrict
our operations. These restrictive covenants may include limitations on additional borrowing and
specific restrictions on the use of our assets as well as prohibitions on our ability to create
liens, pay dividends, redeem our stock or make investments.
Debt financing, receivables assignments, royalty interest assignments and other types of
financing are often coupled with an equity component, such as warrants to purchase stock. For
example, in connection with our July 2009 private placement of equity securities, we issued to the
investors warrants to purchase 5.1 million shares of our common stock, 2.3 million of which have
not been exercised as of September 30, 2010. To the extent that any of these warrants, or any
additional warrants that are outstanding or that we issue in the future, are exercised by their
holders, dilution of our existing stockholders ownership interests will result.
If we raise additional funds through collaborations or other strategic transactions, it may be
necessary to relinquish potentially valuable rights to our potential products or proprietary
technologies, or grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to us.
In addition, rules and regulations of the SEC or other regulatory agencies may restrict our
ability to conduct certain types of financing activities, or may affect the timing of and the
amounts we can raise by undertaking such activities. For example, under current SEC regulations, if
the aggregate market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates, or our public float, is less
than $75 million, the amount that we can raise through primary public offerings of securities in
any twelve-month period using one or more registration statements on Form S-3 may be limited to an
aggregate of one-third of our public float. As of September 30, 2010, our public float was greater
than $75 million.
We have never been profitable and we may not be able to generate revenues sufficient to achieve
profitability.
We began generating revenues from the commercialization of Silenor late in the third quarter
of 2010, we have not been profitable since inception, and it is possible that we will not achieve
profitability. We incurred net losses of $22.8 million for the nine months ended September 30,
2010, and have accumulated losses totaling $200.8 million since inception. In addition, the report
of our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ended December 31, 2009 included
an explanatory paragraph stating that our recurring losses from operations and negative cash flows
raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. We expect to continue to
incur significant operating losses and capital expenditures. As a result, we will need to generate
significant revenues to achieve and maintain profitability. We cannot assure you that we will
achieve significant revenues, if any, or that we will ever achieve profitability. Even if we do
achieve profitability, we cannot assure you that we will be able to sustain or increase
profitability on a quarterly or annual basis in the future. If revenues grow more slowly than we
anticipate or if operating expenses exceed our expectations or cannot be adjusted accordingly, our
business, results of operations and financial condition will be materially and adversely affected.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate significantly.
We expect our operating results to be subject to quarterly fluctuations. The revenues we
generate, if any, and our operating results will be affected by numerous factors, including:
| the scope and effectiveness of commercialization activities relating to Silenor or any other product that we may commercialize, alone or with a collaborator; | ||
| commercialization activities of our competitors; | ||
| our entering into collaborations; | ||
| any intellectual property infringement lawsuit in which we may become involved; | ||
| our addition or termination of development programs or funding support; |
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| variations in the level of expenses related to development of any product candidate that we develop; | ||
| non-cash charges which we incur, including relating to share-based compensation; and | ||
| regulatory developments. |
If our quarterly operating results fall below the expectations of investors or securities
analysts, the price of our common stock could decline substantially. Furthermore, any quarterly
fluctuations in our operating results may, in turn, cause the price of our stock to fluctuate
substantially. We believe that quarterly comparisons of our financial results are not necessarily
meaningful and should not be relied upon as an indication of our future performance.
The use of our net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards may be limited.
Net operating loss carryforwards and research and development credits may expire and not be
used. As of December 31, 2009, we had generated federal net operating loss carryforwards of
approximately $143.9 million and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $141.0
million, the majority of which were generated in California. As of December 31, 2009, we had
generated federal research and development tax credits of $4.3 million and California research and
development tax credits of $2.0 million. Both federal net operating loss carryforwards and federal
research and development tax credits have a 20-year carryforward period and begin to expire in 2023
and 2024, respectively. California net operating loss carryforwards have a ten year carryforward
period and begin to expire in 2013. California research and development tax credits have no
expiration.
Pursuant to Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code, annual use of our net operating
loss and credit carryforwards will be limited in the event a cumulative change in ownership of more
than 50 percent occurs within a three-year period. We determined that such an ownership change
occurred as of March 31, 2010 as a result of various stock issuances used to finance our
development activities. This ownership change resulted in limitations on the utilization of our tax
attributes, including our net operating loss carryforwards and tax credits. A portion of the
remaining net operating losses limited by Section 382 becomes available for use each year.
If additional changes in ownership occur as a result of future financing events, then
additional net operating loss carryforwards and research and development credit carryovers could be
eliminated or restricted.
Risks Relating to Securities Markets and Investment in Our Stock
There may not be a viable public market for our common stock, and market volatility may affect
our stock price and the value of your investment.
Our common stock had not been publicly traded prior to our initial public offering, which was
completed in December 2005, and an active trading market may not develop or be sustained. We have
never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain all
available funds and any future earnings to support operations and finance the growth and
development of our business. We do not intend to pay cash dividends on our common stock for the
foreseeable future. Therefore, investors will have to rely on appreciation in our stock price and a
liquid trading market in order to achieve a gain on their investment. The market prices for
securities of biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies have historically been highly volatile,
and the market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are
unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. Since our initial public offering
on December 15, 2005 through September 30, 2010, the trading prices for our common stock have
ranged from a high of $21.24 to a low of $0.18.
The market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to a number of
factors, most of which we cannot control, including:
| variations in our quarterly operating results; | ||
| events affecting our existing in-license agreements, our co-promotion agreement with Procter & Gamble and any future collaborations or other strategic transactions, commercial agreements and grants; |
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| announcements of new products or technologies, commercial relationships or other events by us or our competitors; | ||
| regulatory approval or other changes in the regulatory status of our products or product candidates; | ||
| decreased coverage and changes in securities analysts estimates of our financial performance; | ||
| developments regarding challenges to our patents and other intellectual property rights; | ||
| regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries; | ||
| fluctuations in stock market prices and trading volumes of similar companies; | ||
| sales of large blocks of our common stock, including sales by our executive officers, directors and significant stockholders; | ||
| announcements concerning other financing activities; | ||
| additions or departures of key personnel; and | ||
| discussion of us or our stock price by the financial and scientific press and in online investor communities. |
The realization of any of the risks described in the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on
Form 10-K or in these Risk Factors could have a dramatic and material adverse impact on the
market price of our common stock. In addition, class action litigation has often been instituted
against companies whose securities have experienced periods of volatility or declines in market
price. Any such litigation brought against us could result in substantial costs and a diversion of
managements attention and resources, which could hurt our business, operating results and
financial condition.
If our executive officers, directors and largest stockholders choose to act together, they may be
able to control our operations and act in a manner that advances their best interests and not
necessarily those of other stockholders.
As of October 29, 2010, our executive officers, directors and holders of 5% or more of our
outstanding common stock beneficially owned approximately 41.0% of our common stock. As a result,
these stockholders, acting together, would likely be able to control all matters requiring approval
by our stockholders, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers or other
business combination transactions. The interests of this group of stockholders may not always
coincide with our interests or the interests of other stockholders, and they may act in a manner
that advances their best interests and not necessarily those of other stockholders.
We expend substantial costs and management resources as a result of laws and regulations relating
to corporate governance matters.
As a public reporting company, we must comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the
related rules and regulations adopted by the SEC and by the Nasdaq Stock Market, including expanded
disclosures, accelerated reporting requirements and more complex accounting rules. Compliance with
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or Section 404, and other requirements has caused us
to expend substantial costs and management resources and will continue to do so. Additionally,
these laws and regulations could make it more difficult or more costly for us to obtain certain
types of insurance, including director and officer liability insurance, and we may be forced to
accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or
similar coverage. The impact of these events could also make it more difficult for us to attract
and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or board committees or as executive
officers. In June 2007, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board approved Auditing Standard
No. 5, and at the same time, the SEC issued guidance for management for complying with the
requirements of Section 404. This auditing standard and the related management guidance provides a
more risk-based approach to compliance and testing under Section 404. However, we still expect to
incur substantial costs and to devote significant resources to corporate governance matters.
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We are also subject to changing rules and regulations of federal and state government as well
as the stock exchange on which our common stock is listed. These entities, including the Public
Company Accounting Oversight Board, the SEC and
the Nasdaq Stock Market, have issued a significant number of new and increasingly complex
requirements and regulations over the course of the last several years and continue to develop
additional regulations and requirements in response to laws enacted by Congress. On July 21, 2010,
the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Protection Act, or the Dodd-Frank Act, was enacted. There are
significant corporate governance and executive compensation-related provisions in the Dodd-Frank
Act that require the SEC to adopt additional rules and regulations in these areas such as say on
pay and proxy access. Our efforts to comply with these requirements have resulted in, and are
likely to continue to result in, an increase in expenses and a diversion of managements time from
other business activities.
In addition, as a result of the workforce reductions we undertook in 2009 in order to reduce
expenses, the efforts required to comply with Section 404 and the other corporate governance laws
and regulations applicable to us have been undertaken by a smaller number of people. If we, or the
third-party service providers on which we rely, fail to comply with any of these laws or
regulations, or if our independent registered public accounting firm cannot complete any required
attestation of our evaluation of our internal controls in a timely manner, we could be subject to
regulatory scrutiny and a loss of public confidence in our corporate governance or internal
controls, which could have an adverse effect on our business and our stock price.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
In September 2010, we issued 219,431 shares of our common stock to two of our warrant holders
in connection with the net exercise of their outstanding warrants. We did not receive any proceeds
from the exercise of these warrants. The issuance of shares of our common stock upon exercise of
these warrants were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, in reliance upon
Section 4(2) of such Act.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
Item 4. (Removed and Reserved)
Item 5. Other Information
Not applicable.
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Item 6. Exhibits
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit | ||||
Number | Description | |||
3.1 | (1) | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant |
||
3.2 | (2) | Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant |
||
4.1 | (3) | Form of the Registrants Common Stock Certificate |
||
4.2 | (4) | Amended and Restated Investor Rights Agreement dated June 2, 2005 |
||
4.3 | (5) | Warrant dated May 21, 2008 issued to Silicon Valley Bank |
||
4.4 | (5) | Warrant dated May 21, 2008 issued to Oxford Finance Corporation |
||
4.5 | (5) | Warrant dated May 21, 2008 issued to Kingsbridge Capital Limited |
||
4.6 | (6) | Form of Warrant dated July 2, 2009 issued to certain Purchasers under the
Securities Purchase Agreement dated July 2, 2009 |
||
10.1 | (7) | Professional Detailing Services Agreement between the Company and Publicis
Touchpoint Solutions, Inc. dated July 14, 2010 |
||
10.2 | (7) | Supplement No. 1 to the Professional Detailing Services Agreement between the
Company and Publicis Touchpoint Solutions, Inc. dated July 14, 2010 |
||
10.3 | (8) | Co-Promotion Agreement between the Company and The Procter & Gamble Distributing
Company, LLC dated August 24, 2010 |
||
10.4 | # | Amendment to Employment Agreement dated September 15, 2010 between the Company
and Tran B. Nguyen |
||
10.5 | Amended and Restated License Agreement dated September 15, 2010 between the
Company and ProCom One, Inc. |
|||
31.1 | Certification of chief executive officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14 and Rule 15d-14
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended |
|||
31.2 | Certification of chief financial officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14 and Rule 15d-14
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended |
|||
32.1 | * | Certification of chief executive officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
||
32.2 | * | Certification of chief financial officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
(1) | Filed with Amendment No. 3 to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form S-1 on November 30, 2005. | |
(2) | Filed with Registrants Current Report on Form 8-K on December 6, 2007 | |
(3) | Filed with Amendment No. 4 to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form S-1 on December 13, 2005. | |
(4) | Filed with the Registrants Registration Statement on Form S-1 on October 7, 2005. | |
(5) | Filed with Registrants Current Report on Form 8-K on May 22, 2008. | |
(6) | Filed with Registrants Current Report on Form 8-K on July 8, 2009. | |
(7) | Filed with Registrants Current Report on Form 8-K/A on July 21, 2010 | |
(8) | Filed with Registrants Current Report on Form 8-K on August 25, 2010 | |
| Confidential treatment has been granted by the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to certain portions of this agreement. | |
# | Indicates management contract or compensatory plan. | |
* | These certifications are being furnished solely to accompany this quarterly report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and are not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not subject to the liability of that section. These certifications are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Somaxon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
SOMAXON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. |
||||
Dated: November 10, 2010 | ||||
/s/ Richard W. Pascoe | ||||
Richard W. Pascoe | ||||
President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
||||
Dated: November 10, 2010 | ||||
/s/ Tran B. Nguyen | ||||
Tran B. Nguyen | ||||
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |
29