UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.
20549
Form 10-K
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(Mark One)
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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For the fiscal year ended
December 31,
2009
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OR
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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For the transition period
from to
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Commission File Number:
000-51567
NxStage Medical, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as
Specified in Its Charter)
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Delaware
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04-3454702
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(State of
Incorporation)
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification
No.)
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439 S. Union St.,
5th
Floor, Lawrence, MA
(Address of Principal
Executive Offices)
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01843
(Zip
Code)
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Registrants telephone number, including area code:
(978) 687-4700
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the
Act:
Common Stock, $0.001 par value
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the
Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known
seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities
Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file
reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the
Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has
filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or
15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has
been subject to such filing requirements for the past
90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted
electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any,
every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted
pursuant to Rule 405 of
Regulation S-T
(§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to submit and post such
files). Yes No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers
pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K
is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best
of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or
information statements incorporated by reference in
Part III of this
Form 10-K
or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large
accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated
filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of
large accelerated filer, accelerated
filer and smaller reporting company in Rule
12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated
filer o
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Accelerated
filer þ
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Non-accelerated
filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
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Smaller reporting
company o
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company
(as defined in
Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange
Act). Yes o No þ
The aggregate market value of common stock held by
non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately
$96.8 million, as of June 30, 2009, based on the last
reported sale price of the registrants common stock on the
NASDAQ Global Market on June 30, 2009.
There were 47,278,328 shares of the registrants
common stock issued and outstanding as of the close of business
on March 9, 2010.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrants definitive Proxy Statement for
its 2010 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on
May 27, 2010 are hereby incorporated by reference in
response to Part III, Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of
the Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
2009 ANNUAL REPORT ON
FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2
CAUTIONARY
NOTICE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report and certain information incorporated by reference
herein contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of
the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, concerning
our business, operations and financial condition, including
statements with respect to the market adoption of our products;
the growth of the home, critical care and in-center dialysis
markets in general and the home hemodialysis market in
particular; the development and commercialization of our
products; changes in the historical purchasing patterns and
preferences of our major customers, including DaVita Inc.; the
adequacy of our funding, our need for and our ability to obtain
additional funding; the timing of when we might achieve
improvements to our gross margins and operating expenses;
expectations with respect to our operating expenses and
achieving our business plan; expectations with respect to
achieving profitable operations; expectations with respect to
achieving improvements in product reliability; the timing and
success of the submission, acceptance and approval of regulatory
filings, the scope of patent protection with respect to our
products, expectations with respect to the clinical findings of
our FREEDOM study, the impact of possible future changes to
reimbursement for chronic dialysis treatments and the impact of
current economic conditions on our business. All statements
other than statements of historical facts included in this
report regarding our strategies, prospects, financial condition,
costs, plans and objectives are forward-looking statements. When
used in this report, the words expect,
anticipate, intend, plan,
believe, seek, estimate,
potential, continue,
predict, may, and similar expressions
are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although
not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying
words. Because these forward-looking statements involve risks
and uncertainties, actual results could differ materially from
those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements
for a number of important reasons, including those discussed
below in Risk Factors, Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations, and elsewhere in this report.
You should read these forward-looking statements carefully
because they discuss our expectations about our future
performance, contain projections of our future operating results
or our future financial condition or state other
forward-looking information. You should be aware
that the occurrence of any of the events described under
Risk Factors and elsewhere in this report could
substantially harm our business, results of operations and
financial condition and that upon the occurrence of any of these
events, the trading price of our common stock could decline.
We cannot guarantee future results, events, levels of activity,
performance or achievements. The forward-looking statements
contained in this report represent our expectations as of the
date of this report and should not be relied upon as
representing our expectations as of any other date. Subsequent
events and developments will cause our expectations to change.
However, while we may elect to update these forward-looking
statements, we specifically disclaim any obligation to do so,
even if our expectations change.
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PART I
For convenience, in this Annual Report on
Form 10-K,
NxStage, we, us, and
the Company refer to NxStage Medical, Inc. and our
consolidated subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
Overview
We are a medical device company that develops, manufactures and
markets innovative products for the treatment of kidney failure,
fluid overload and related blood treatments and procedures. Our
primary product, the NxStage System One, or System One, was
designed to satisfy an unmet clinical need for a system that can
deliver the therapeutic flexibility and clinical benefits
associated with traditional dialysis machines in a smaller,
portable, easy-to-use form that can be used by healthcare
professionals and trained lay users alike in a variety of
settings, including patient homes, as well as more traditional
care settings such as hospitals and dialysis clinics. Given its
design, the System One is particularly well-suited for home
hemodialysis and a range of dialysis therapies including more
frequent, or daily, dialysis, which clinical
literature suggests provides patients better clinical outcomes
and improved quality of life. The System One is cleared by the
United States Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, for home
hemodialysis as well as hospital and clinic-based dialysis. We
also sell needles and blood tubing sets primarily to dialysis
clinics for the treatment of end-stage renal disease, or ESRD,
which we refer to as the in-center market. We believe our
largest future product market opportunity is for our System One
used in the home hemodialysis market, or home market, for the
treatment of ESRD.
ESRD, which affects over 500,000 people in the United
States, is an irreversible, life-threatening loss of kidney
function that is treated predominantly with dialysis. Dialysis
is a kidney replacement therapy that removes toxins and excess
fluids from the bloodstream and, unless the patient receives a
kidney transplant, is required for the remainder of the
patients life. Approximately, 70% of ESRD patients in the
United States rely on life-sustaining dialysis treatment.
Hemodialysis, the most widely prescribed type of dialysis,
typically consists of treatments in a dialysis clinic three
times per week, with each session lasting three to five hours.
Approximately 8% of U.S. ESRD dialysis patients receive
some form of dialysis treatment at home, most of whom treat
themselves with peritoneal dialysis, or PD, although surveys of
physicians and healthcare professionals suggest that a larger
proportion of patients could take responsibility for their own
care. We believe there is an unmet need for a hemodialysis
system that allows more frequent and easily administered therapy
at home and have designed our system to address this and other
kidney replacement markets.
Measuring 15x15x18 inches, the System One is the smallest
commercially available hemodialysis system. It consists of a
compact, portable and easy-to-use cycler, disposable drop-in
cartridge and high purity premixed fluid. The System One has a
self-contained design and simple user interface making it easy
to operate by a trained patient and his or her trained partner
in any setting prescribed by the patients physician.
Unlike traditional dialysis systems, our System One does not
require any special disinfection and its operation does not
require specialized electrical or plumbing infrastructure or
modifications to the home. Patients can bring the System One
home, plug it in to a conventional electrical outlet and operate
it, thereby eliminating what can be expensive plumbing and
electrical household modifications required by other traditional
dialysis systems. Given its compact size and lack of
infrastructure requirements, the System One is portable,
allowing patients freedom to travel. We believe these features
provide patients and their physicians new treatment options for
ESRD.
We market the System One to dialysis clinics for chronic
hemodialysis treatment, providing clinics with improved access
to a developing market, the home hemodialysis market, and the
ability to expand their patient base by adding home-based
patients without adding clinic infrastructure. The clinics in
turn provide the System One to ESRD patients. For each month
that a patient is treated with the System One, we bill the
clinic for the purchase of the related disposable cartridges and
treatment fluids necessary to perform treatment. Typically, our
customers rent the System One equipment on a month to month
basis, although a number of our customers have elected to
purchase rather than rent System One equipment. DaVita Inc., or
DaVita, our largest customer in the home market, purchases
rather than rents a significant percentage of its System One
equipment. Clinics
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receive reimbursement from Medicare, private insurance and
patients for dialysis treatments. We commenced marketing the
System One for chronic hemodialysis treatment in September 2004.
We are not responsible for, and do not provide patient training.
We provide training to dialysis clinic staff, who in turn, train
home hemodialysis patients and their partners. Training takes
place at the clinic primarily during the patients
prescribed, often daily, two to three hour treatment sessions.
Patient training, which typically takes two to three weeks,
includes basic instruction on ESRD, operation of the System One
and insertion by the patient or their partner of needles into
the patients vascular access site. Clinics provide testing
to patients and their partners at the conclusion of training to
verify skills and an understanding of System One operation.
Training sessions are presently reimbursed by Medicare, and
there may be a co-payment requirement to the patient associated
with this training.
Medicare reimburses the same amount per treatment for home and
in-center hemodialysis treatments, up to three treatments per
week. Payment for more than three treatments per week is
available with appropriate medical justification. The adoption
of our System One for more frequent therapy for ESRD would
likely be slowed if Medicare is reluctant or refuses to pay for
these additional treatments.
We also market the System One in the critical care market to
hospitals for treatment of acute kidney failure and fluid
overload. It is estimated that there are over 200,000 cases of
acute kidney failure in the United States each year. The System
One provides an effective,
simple-to-operate
alternative to dialysis systems currently used in the hospital
to treat these acute conditions. We commenced marketing the
System One to the critical care market in February 2003.
In addition to the System One, we also sell a line of
extracorporeal disposable products for use primarily in
in-center dialysis treatments for patients with ESRD. These
products, which we obtained in connection with our acquisition
of Medisystems Corporation and certain affiliated entities,
collectively the MDS Entities, include hemodialysis blood tubing
sets, A.V. fistula needles and apheresis needles. The MDS
Entities have been selling products to dialysis centers for the
treatment of ESRD since 1981, and have achieved leading
positions in the U.S. market for both hemodialysis blood
tubing sets and AV fistula needles. Our blood tubing set
products include the ReadySet High Performance Blood Tubing set,
or ReadySet, and the Streamline Airless Blood Tubing set, or
Streamline. ReadySet has been on the market since 1993.
Streamline, our next generation product, which was introduced in
2007 is designed to provide improved patient outcomes and lower
costs to dialysis clinics. Our needle products line includes AV
fistula needle sets incorporating safety features, first
introduced in 1995, including PointGuard Anti-Stick Needle
Protectors and MasterGuard technology, and ButtonHole needle
sets, first introduced in 2002.
We report the results of our operations in two segments: the
System One segment and the In-Center segment. The business we
acquired in connection with our acquisition of the MDS Entities
constitutes the operations of the In-Center segment. This
acquisition was not completed until October 1, 2007, and
therefore, we did not realize In-Center segment revenues until
the fourth quarter of 2007. We distribute our products in three
markets: home, critical care and in-center. In the System One
segment we derive our revenues from the sale and rental of
equipment and the sale of disposable products in the home and
critical care markets. We define the home market as the market
devoted to the treatment of ESRD patients in the home and the
critical care market as the market devoted to the treatment of
hospital-based patients with acute kidney failure or fluid
overload. In the In-Center segment, we derive our revenues from
the sale of needles and blood tubing sets primarily used for
in-center dialysis treatments.
For the year ended December 31, 2009, our revenues were
$148.7 million and we incurred a net loss of
$43.5 million. As of December 31, 2009, we had cash
and cash equivalents of $21.7 million, total assets of
$197.0 million, long term liabilities of $78.3 million
and total stockholders equity of $89.4 million.
Since inception, we have incurred losses every quarter, and at
December 31, 2009, we had an accumulated deficit of
approximately $276.7 million. We expect our operating
expenses to continue to increase as we grow our business. While
we have achieved positive gross margins for our products, in
aggregate, since the fourth quarter of 2007, we cannot provide
assurance that our gross margins will improve or, if they do
improve, the rate at which they will improve. We cannot provide
assurance that we will achieve profitability,
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when we will become profitable, the sustainability of
profitability, should it occur, or the extent to which we will
be profitable. Our ability to become profitable depends
principally upon implementing design and process improvements to
lower the costs of manufacturing our products, obtaining better
purchasing terms and prices, growing revenues, increasing
reliability of our products, improving our field equipment
utilization, achieving efficiencies in manufacturing and supply
chain overhead costs, achieving efficiencies in the distribution
of our products and achieving a sufficient scale of operations.
We have experienced negative operating margins and cash flows
from operations and expect to continue to incur net losses in
the foreseeable future. We believe, based on current
projections, that we have the required resources to fund
operating requirements through 2010 and beyond. Future capital
requirements will depend on many factors, including the rate of
revenue growth, continued progress on improving gross margins,
the expansion of selling and marketing and research and
development activities, the timing and extent of expansion into
new geographies or territories, the timing of new product
introductions and enhancement to existing products, the
continuing market acceptance of products, availability of credit
and potential investments in, or acquisitions of complementary
businesses, services or technologies.
We were incorporated in Delaware in 1998 under the name QB
Medical, Inc., and later changed our name to NxStage Medical,
Inc. Our principal executive offices are located at 439 South
Union Street, Fifth Floor, Lawrence, Massachusetts 01843.
Additional financial information regarding our business segments
and geographic data about our assets is contained in
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations in Item 7 of Part II, and in
our notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in
Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
Recent
Events
On March 10, 2010, we entered into a Loan and Security
Agreement, the Agreement, with Silicon Valley Bank, SVB, for a
$15.0 million revolving line of credit with a maturity date
of April 1, 2012. The Agreement is secured by all or
substantially all of our assets. In connection with this
Agreement, we amended our term loan and security agreement with
Asahi to provide for certain amendments, including granting to
Asahi junior liens on certain of our assets for so long as the
Agreement with SVB remains outstanding. Upon termination of all
obligations under that facility, Asahis security will
revert to a security in all assets other than cash, bank
accounts, accounts receivable, field equipment and inventory.
Borrowings under the Agreement bear interest at a floating rate
per annum equal to two percentage points (2.00%) above the prime
rate (initial prime rate of 4%). Pursuant to the Agreement, we
have agreed to certain financial covenants relating to liquidity
requirements and adjusted EBITDA, as defined in our Agreement
with SVB. The Agreement contains events of default customary for
transactions of this type, including nonpayment,
misrepresentation, breach of covenants, material adverse effect
and bankruptcy. We did not draw any amounts under the Agreement
at closing, but may do so in the future to fund working capital
and operating requirements.
In May 2009, we entered into a five year exclusive distribution
agreement with Kimal plc, or Kimal, a distributor of medical
device technology across the United Kingdom and international
healthcare markets, for the promotion, sale, delivery and
service of the System One and certain of our other products in
the United Kingdom and Ireland. The agreement marked our
first international expansion for the System One outside of the
United States and Canada. Under the terms of the agreement, the
System One and PureFlow SL dialysate preparation system will be
available to dialysis centers and hospitals throughout the
United Kingdom and Ireland exclusively through Kimal, which also
has the option to make our blood tubing sets and needles
available to their customers in these regions. Since signing
this agreement with Kimal, we have continued to expand
internationally, recently announcing a distribution agreement
with Nordic Medcom AB for Sweden, Denmark and Finland and
Dirinco in the Netherlands.
In June 2009, we entered into a five year distribution agreement
with Gambro Renal Products, Inc., or Gambro, pursuant to which
we agreed to supply blood tubing sets, including our ReadySet
and the Streamline product lines, to Gambro. Gambro, in turn,
agreed to exclusively supply the blood tubing sets to DaVita for
use with specific dialysis machines, subject to certain
conditions.
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In May 2009, we entered into a series of agreements with Asahi
Kasei Kuraray Medical Co., Ltd., or Asahi, a medical supply
company headquartered in Japan. The agreements are multi-faceted
and include a term loan and security agreement, or term loan,
pursuant to which Asahi agreed to provide us with
$40.0 million of debt financing. The term loan bears
interest at a rate of 8% per annum, with fifty percent of such
interest being deferred until the maturity date on May 31,
2013. Principal is payable in one balloon payment at maturity.
The term loan is secured by substantially all of our assets. In
the event the term loan reaches maturity, Asahi may require that
all of the principal and interest on the term loan that is
unpaid as of the maturity date be converted into shares of our
common stock, with the number of shares to be determined based
upon the average closing stock price of our common stock during
the thirty business days preceding the maturity date, subject to
certain conditions. We used $30.0 million of the proceeds
to pay off the entire debt obligation, including prepayment and
other transaction fees, owed under our credit and security
agreement with General Electric Capital Corporation. We intend
to use the remaining proceeds for operating purposes.
Our
Products and Services
We sell the System One in the home and critical care markets.
Since our acquisition of the MDS Entities, which was completed
on October 1, 2007, we also sell blood tubing sets, needles
and other extracorporeal products for use primarily in
hemodialysis therapy to the in-center market.
The
System One
Our primary product, the NxStage System One, is a small,
portable, easy-to-use hemodialysis system, which incorporates
multiple design technologies and design features. Sales of the
System One and related disposables accounted for approximately
58%, 52%, and 74% of our total sales for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The System One includes the following components:
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The NxStage Cycler. A compact portable
electromechanical device containing pumps, control mechanisms,
safety sensors and remote data capture functionality.
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The NxStage Cartridge. A single-use,
disposable, integrated treatment cartridge that loads simply and
easily into the cycler. The cartridge incorporates a proprietary
volumetric fluid management system and includes a pre-attached
dialyzer.
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Premixed Dialysate. The System One uses
high-purity premixed dialysate for hemodialysis applications.
The volume of fluids used varies with treatment options,
prescription, and setting. We supply our premixed dialysate in
sterile five liter bags or through the use of our PureFlow SL
accessory, which we received FDA clearance for in March 2006 and
made available to our customers beginning in July 2006. The
PureFlow SL module allows for the preparation of dialysate fluid
in the patients home using ordinary tap water and
dialysate concentrate thereby reducing the need for bagged
fluids for in-home treatments.
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For the home hemodialysis market, the System One is designed to
make home treatment and more frequent treatment easier and more
practical. Although most studies have not been performed using
our product, clinical studies suggest that therapy administered
five to six times per week, commonly referred to as daily
therapy, better mimics the natural functioning of the human
kidney and can lead to improved clinical outcomes, including
reduction in hypertension, improved anemia status, reduced
reliance on pharmaceuticals, improved nutritional status,
reduced hospitalizations and overall improvement in quality of
life. Published literature also supports the clinical and
quality of life benefits associated with home dialysis therapy.
For the critical care market, our System One is designed to
offer clinicians an alternative that simplifies the delivery of
acute kidney replacement therapy and makes longer or continuous
critical care therapies easier to deliver. The ability of our
system to perform hemofiltration
and/or
isolated ultrafiltration, for which the System One is also FDA
cleared, is advantageous, as many clinicians choose to prescribe
hemofiltration for patients with acute kidney failure.
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ReadySet
The ReadySet High Performance Blood Tubing Set, which was
introduced for use in hemodialysis in 1993, features a pump
segment material designed to deliver reliable, accurate flows
throughout the treatment. The blood tubing is designed to be
easy to handle and to enable relatively fast priming, or removal
of air from the dialysate solution. These technological advances
are intended to optimize dose delivery. Sales of ReadySet
accounted for approximately 19%, 24% and 14% of our total sales
for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007,
respectively.
Streamline
Our next generation blood tubing set product is Streamline.
Streamline features an efficient and airless design intended to
result in superior clinical and economic performance. It is
designed to reduce treatment time, minimize waste and optimize
dose delivery. Streamline also includes our patented LockSite
needleless access sites, eliminating the need for sharp needles
or costlier guarded needles to be used with the tubing set in
connection with dialysis therapy, thereby intended to facilitate
a clinicians ability to satisfy Occupational Safety and
Health Administration, or OSHA, anti-stick requirements.
AV
Fistula and Apheresis Needles with MasterGuard Anti-Stick Needle
Protectors
Our AV fistula and apheresis needles have been designed to
achieve a smooth blood flow throughout the treatment, intended
to result in less clotting, lower pressure drops, and less
stress on the patients blood. Sales of AV fistula and
apheresis needles accounted for approximately 14%, 18% and 6% of
our total sales for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008
and 2007, respectively.
ButtonHole
Needle Set
As an alternative to our AV fistula needles with MasterGuard, we
also offer ButtonHole needles for hemodialysis therapies. This
needle is used by patients that employ the constant-site
technique, whereby a fistula needle is inserted in the
same place each treatment. Published clinical experience
suggests that the incidence of pain, hematoma, and infiltrations
at the needle insertion site can be reduced by utilizing the
constant-site technique. Our ButtonHole AV fistula needle has an
anti-stick, dull bevel design well-suited for the constant-site
technique, while also designed to reduce the risk of accidental
needle sticks.
Medic
The Medic needle/connector device was engineered to help reduce
the risk of accidental needle sticks, as required by OSHA. Medic
can be used with any standard syringe, and is used in
hemodialysis procedures with catheters, AV fistula needles,
blood tubing sets and dialysis priming sets. For apheresis
procedures, Medic is designed to easily access drug vials and
blood collection tubes.
Competition
The dialysis therapy market is mature, consolidated and
competitive. Our System One in the critical care market competes
against Gambro AB, Fresenius Medical Care AG, Baxter Healthcare,
B. Braun and others. Our System One in the home market is
currently the only system specifically indicated for use in the
home market in the United States. Our product lines in the
in-center market compete directly against products produced by
Fresenius Medical Care AG, Gambro AB, Nipro, B. Braun, Baxter
Healthcare, JMS and others. Our competitors each market one or
more FDA-cleared medical devices for the treatment of acute or
chronic kidney failure. Each of these competitors offers
products that have been in use for a longer time than our System
One, and in some instances many of our Medisystems products, and
are more widely recognized by physicians, patients and
providers. These competitors have significantly more financial
and human resources, more established sales, service and
customer support infrastructures and spend more on product
development and marketing than we do. Many of our competitors
also have established relationships with the providers of
dialysis therapy and, Fresenius owns and operates a chain of
dialysis clinics. The product lines of most of
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these companies are broader than ours, enabling them to offer a
broader bundle of products and have established sales forces and
distribution channels that may afford them a significant
competitive advantage.
We believe the competition in the market for kidney dialysis
equipment and supplies is based primarily on:
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product quality;
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ease-of-use;
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cost effectiveness;
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sales force coverage; and
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clinical flexibility and performance.
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We presently have the only product specifically cleared for home
hemodialysis therapy in the United States.
There is, however, presently an increasing interest in the home
hemodialysis market from our key competitors. Baxter has
announced a research and development collaboration with DEKA
Research and Development Corporation and HHD, LLC, or DEKA,
and has recently indicated that it hopes to commence clinical
studies of DEKAs new home hemodialysis system in 2010. We
are unable to predict when, if ever, this product, or products
from other companies, may attain regulatory clearance and enter
the market, or how successful they may be should they be
introduced, but if additional viable products are introduced to
the market, it could adversely affect our sales and growth.
For the critical care market, we believe we compete favorably in
terms of product quality and ease of use due to our System One
design, portability, drop-in cartridge and use of premixed
fluids. As with the home market, we believe we also compete
favorably on the basis of clinical flexibility, given the System
Ones ability to perform hemofiltration, hemodialysis and
ultrafiltration. However, the fact that we are not indicated for
hemodiafiltration may be perceived by some clinicians as a
disadvantage of our system over others. We believe we compete
favorably in terms of cost-effectiveness for hospitals that
perform continuous renal replacement therapies, or CRRT. For
those hospitals that do not perform CRRT or other types of
prolonged therapies, we compete unfavorably in terms of
cost-effectiveness. We compete unfavorably in terms of sales
force coverage and branding, because we have a smaller sales
force than most of our competitors. In the fluid overload
market, which is a very small component of our critical care
market, drug therapy is currently the most common and preferred
treatment. To date, ultrafiltration has not been broadly adopted
and, if the medical community does not accept ultrafiltration as
clinically useful, cost-effective and safe, we will not be able
to successfully compete against existing pharmaceutical
therapies.
For the in-center market, where we sell needles and blood tubing
sets, we believe that we compete favorably in terms of product
quality,
ease-of-use,
cost effectiveness, clinical flexibility and performance. We
also compete favorably in terms of branding, as the MDS Entities
have been selling products to dialysis centers for the treatment
of ESRD since 1981. We compete unfavorably in terms of sales
force coverage, as we rely nearly exclusively on distributors,
rather than our own direct sales force.
Our primary competitors are large, well-established businesses
with significantly more financial and personnel resources and
greater commercial infrastructures than us. We believe our
ability to compete successfully will depend largely on our
ability to:
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establish the infrastructures necessary to support a growing
home and critical care dialysis products business;
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maintain and improve product quality;
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continue to develop sales and marketing capabilities;
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continuously improve our products and develop new products;
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achieve cost reductions; and
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9
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access the capital needed to support our business.
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Our ability to successfully market our products for the
treatment of kidney failure could also be adversely affected by
pharmacological and technological advances in preventing the
progression of chronic ESRD
and/or in
the treatment of acute kidney failure, technological
developments by others in the area of dialysis, the development
of new medications designed to reduce the incidence of kidney
transplant rejection and progress in using kidneys harvested
from genetically-engineered animals as a source of transplants.
There can be no assurance that competitive pressure or
pharmacological or technological advancements will not have a
material adverse effect on our business.
Sales and
Marketing
We sell our products in three markets: home, in-center, and
critical care. Substantially all our revenue is generated from
sales to external customers in the United States, with a small
amount of revenues resulting from international sales through
distributors. We have a sales force that calls on dialysis
clinics, nephrologists and hospitals. In addition to specialized
sales representatives, we also employ nurses in our sales force
to serve as clinical educators to support our sales efforts. Our
marketing and sales efforts focus almost exclusively on the home
and critical care markets as we rely heavily on distributors to
sell our products in the in-center market. Henry Schein, Inc.,
or Henry Schein, is the primary distributor for our in-center
market. In 2009, sales to DaVita and Henry Schein represented
22% and 28% of our total revenues, respectively, and nearly half
of In-center segment sales in 2009 were derived from sales to
DaVita. DaVita and Henry Schein are expected to remain
significant customers of ours in 2010. No other single customer
represented 10% or more of our revenues in 2009. In 2008, sales
to DaVita and Henry Schein represented 18% and 39% of our total
revenues, respectively, and half of Henry Scheins sales of
our products in 2008 were derived from sales to DaVita. No other
single customer represented 10% or more of our revenues in 2008.
In 2007, sales to DaVita and Henry Schein represented 20%
and 22% of our total revenues, respectively, and half of Henry
Scheins sales of our products in 2007 were derived from
sales to DaVita. No other single customer represented 10% or
more of our revenues in 2007. Sales to DaVita are primarily in
the System One segment and sales to Henry Schein are in the
In-center segment.
Home
We rent or sell the System One to customers in the home market.
In this market, our customers are independent dialysis clinics
as well as dialysis clinics that are part of national or
regional chains. Since Medicare regulations require that all
chronic ESRD patients be under the care of a dialysis clinic,
whether they are treated at-home, in-clinic or with a kidney
transplant, we do not sell the System One directly to patients.
Currently, there are nearly 5,000 Medicare-certified dialysis
outpatient facilities in the United States. Ownership of these
clinics is highly consolidated with DaVita and Fresenius each
controlling approximately 30% of U.S. dialysis patients.
Smaller chains and independent clinics and hospitals represent
the approximately 40% of remaining clinics. Our customers
include independent clinics as well as large and smaller chains.
DaVita is our largest customer in the home market. In February
2007, we entered into a national service provider agreement with
DaVita that conferred to DaVita certain market rights for the
System One and related supplies for home hemodialysis therapy.
Under the agreement, DaVita was granted exclusive rights in a
small percentage of geographies, which geographies collectively
represent less than 10% of the United States ESRD patient
population, and limited exclusivity in the majority of all other
United States geographies, subject to DaVitas meeting
certain requirements, including the achievement of certain
patient numbers and training rates. The agreement further
limited, but did not prohibit, the sale by NxStage of the System
One for chronic home patient hemodialysis therapy to Fresenius.
Per the agreement, DaVita no longer has any preferred geographic
market or exclusivity rights, and as of December 31, 2009,
the initial term of our national service provider agreement with
DaVita expired. While we negotiate a new agreement with DaVita
for the home market, we continue to restrict our activities in a
limited subset of geographic markets where DaVita
10
previously held preferred market rights. However, we can provide
no assurance that we will enter into a new agreement with DaVita
or what the terms, including exclusivity provisions, of a new
agreement with DaVita would be. Our national service provider
agreement with DaVita contemplates ongoing sales of products
following December 31, 2009. We expect that DaVita will
continue to be our largest customer for the foreseeable future.
The change in DaVitas exclusivity rights does give us the
opportunity to expand in certain markets and with other
providers, including Fresenius. We have a low, but growing,
volume of sales to Fresenius of our System One in the home
market, and have been able to expand at certain other providers,
but we have no assurance that this will continue. It is too
early to predict what effect the change in DaVitas
exclusivity rights will have on our growth in the home market.
After renting or selling a System One to a clinic, our clinical
educators generally train the clinics nurses and dialysis
technicians on the proper use of the system using proprietary
training materials. We then rely on the trained technicians and
nurses to train home patients, their partners and other
technicians and nurses using the System One. This approach also
allows the clinic and physician to select, train and support the
dialysis patients that will use our system, much the same way as
they manage their patients who are on home peritoneal dialysis
therapy.
We began marketing the System One to perform hemodialysis for
ESRD patients in September 2004, and we began marketing our
System One specifically for home use in July 2005, after the
System One was cleared by the FDA for home hemodialysis.
Critical
Care
We sell the System One to customers in the critical care market.
The System One cycler is based on the same technology platform
used in the home market, but includes an additional display
module, called OneView, that is designed to facilitate easier
medical record charting and troubleshooting. In the critical
care market, because both acute kidney failure and fluid
overload are typically treated in hospital intensive care units,
our customers are hospitals. We are specifically focusing our
sales efforts in the critical care market on those large
institutions that we believe are most dedicated to increased and
improved dialysis therapy for patients with acute kidney failure
and believe in ultrafiltration as an earlier-stage treatment
option for fluid overload associated with multiple diseases,
including congestive heart failure, CHF.
After selling or placing a System One in a hospital, our
clinical educators train the hospitals intensive care
unit, or ICU, and acute dialysis nurses on the proper use of the
system using proprietary training materials. We then rely on the
trained nurses to train other nurses. By adopting this
train the trainer approach, our sales nurses do not
need to return to the hospital each time a new nurse needs to be
trained.
We began promoting our System One product for use in the
critical care market in February 2003.
In-center
We sell primarily blood tubing sets and needles to customers in
the in-center market. In this market, our customers are
independent dialysis clinics as well as dialysis clinics that
are part of national chains. The majority of our sales in this
market are made through distributors, in order to leverage
national networks, shipping efficiencies and existing customer
relationships. Our distribution agreement with Henry Schein, our
primary distributor for the In-center segment, originally
scheduled to expire in July 2009, has been extended on a non
exclusive basis while the parties work to negotiate a new
agreement.
DaVita is also a significant customer for our In-center segment
products. DaVita contractually committed to purchase our needles
through January 2013. Under our recently signed Gambro
agreement, Gambro has contractually committed to exclusively
supply our blood tubing sets in the United States to DaVita
through July 2014. Gambros long term product supply
agreement with DaVita entered into in connection with the sale
of Gambros United States dialysis clinic business to
DaVita, obligates DaVita to purchase a significant majority of
its product requirements from Gambro.
We plan our manufacturing and distribution activities based on
distributor purchase orders. Finished goods are shipped directly
to distributor warehouses. Our customer and clinic services team
markets the tubing sets
11
and/or blood
access devices under the Medisystems brand name. To support
blood tubing set and needle sales, our clinic services personnel
regularly visit or call clinic operators.
International
Historically, nearly all of our product sales occurred in the
United States, with limited sales experience in Canada. In 2009,
we signed our first international distribution agreement for the
sale of our System One outside of the United States and Canada.
In May 2009, we entered into a five year exclusive distribution
agreement with Kimal plc, or Kimal, a distributor of medical
device technology across the United Kingdom and international
healthcare markets, for the promotion, sale, delivery and
service of the System One and certain of our other products in
the United Kingdom and Ireland. Since signing this agreement
with Kimal, we have continued to expand internationally,
recently announcing a five year exclusive distribution agreement
with Nordic Medcom AB for the promotion, sale, delivery and
service of the System One and certain of our other products in
Finland, Denmark and Sweden and a five year distribution
agreement with Dirinco for the promotion, sale, delivery and
service of the System One and certain of our other products in
the Netherlands. Our experience selling internationally has been
very limited to date, and international sales of our products
were immaterial in 2009.
Customer
Support Services
We primarily use a depot service model for equipment servicing
and repair for the home market. If a device malfunctions and
requires repair, we arrange for a replacement device to be
shipped to the site of care, whether it is a patients
home, clinic or hospital, and for pick up and return to us of
the system requiring service. This shipment is done by common
carrier, and, as there are no special installation requirements,
the patient, clinic or hospital can quickly and easily set up
the new machine. In addition, we ship monthly supplies via
common carrier and courier services directly to home patients,
dialysis clinics and hospitals.
In addition to depot service, the critical care market also
demands field service calls for cycler servicing and repair. The
nature of the hospital environment, coupled with the practices
of other ICU dialysis equipment suppliers, frequently
necessitates
on-site
support for our systems installed in this environment.
We maintain telephone service coverage
24-hours a
day, seven days a week, to respond to technical questions raised
by patients, clinics and hospitals concerning all of our
products, including the System One, needles and blood tubing
sets.
Clinical
Experience and Results
Over 100 published articles have reported on the benefits of
daily dialysis therapy. Although most of these publications were
based on studies that did not use our product, the literature
strongly supports that daily hemodialysis therapy can lead to
improved clinical outcomes, including reduction in hypertension,
improved anemia status, reduced reliance on pharmaceuticals,
improved nutritional status, reduced hospitalizations and
overall improvement in quality of life.
In late 2005, we enrolled the first patient in our post-market
FREEDOM (Following Rehabilitation, Economics, and Everyday
Dialysis Outcome Measurements) study, which is designed to
quantify the clinical benefits and cost savings of daily home
therapy administered to Medicare patients with the System One
versus conventional thrice-weekly dialysis. The FREEDOM study is
a prospective, multi-center, observational study, which will
enroll up to 500 Medicare patients in up to 70 clinical centers.
Enrollment is ongoing. The study will compare Medicare patients
using the System One with a matched cohort of patients from the
United States Renal Data System, or USRDS, patient database
treated with traditional in-center thrice weekly dialysis, to
help define differences in the cost of care and patient outcomes
between the daily home setting and the dialysis clinic setting.
Comparing the study group of patients using the System One to a
USRDS database group matched in terms of demographics,
co-morbidities, geography, number of years on dialysis and other
key factors, should allow a valuable comparison to be made
without the time and cost challenges of a crossover study, in
which patients would be followed for a given time on each type
of therapy.
12
Our goal is to provide further insights into more frequent
dialysis and its cost-effectiveness as well as to confirm the
significant reported potential benefits of daily therapy on
patient quality of life and rehabilitation. Published
U.S. government data estimates the total health care cost
burden of a Medicare dialysis patient at over $70,000 annually,
with dialysis services representing approximately 25% of this
cost, while the cost of hospitalizations, drugs and physician
fees make up nearly 60%. Studies indicate daily therapy may
materially reduce overall Medicare costs for the care of chronic
dialysis patients, particularly through reduced hospitalization
and drug costs.
Interim four and twelve month results from our ongoing FREEDOM
study show daily home hemodialysis treatment made possible by
the System One therapy significantly improves select measures of
patient
quality-of-life
as compared to conventional, thrice-weekly in-center treatment.
Specific improvements identified to date include a reduction in
the average time to resume normal activity, returning
significant quality time to patients each week. Other benefits
include a reduction in depressive symptoms, improvements in
select physical and mental health quality of life domains, and a
reduction in anti-hypertensive medications.
More recently, we announced FDA approval of an investigational
device exemption, or IDE, study intended to support a home
nocturnal indication for the System One, which started in the
first quarter of 2008. We recently completed the IDE study and
submitted the associated 510(k) to the FDA.
In addition to the FREEDOM and nocturnal studies, we have
completed two significant clinical trials with the System One
for ESRD therapy, a post-market study of chronic daily
hemofiltration and a study under an FDA-approved IDE. We have
also completed a study of ultrafiltration with the System One
for fluid overload associated with CHF.
In the IDE study, we compared center-based and home-based daily
dialysis with the System One. That study was a prospective,
multi-center, two-treatment, two-period, open-label, cross-over
study. The first phase of the study consisted of 48 treatments,
six per week, in an eight-week period performed in-center, while
the second phase consisted of the same number of treatments
performed in an in-home setting. Between the two phases, there
was a two-week transition period conducted primarily in the
patients home. Prior to study initiation, enrolled
patients were to have been on at least two weeks of daily
hemodialysis with the System One in an in-center environment.
The objective of the study was to evaluate equivalence on a
per-treatment basis between the delivery of hemodialysis with
our system in-center and at home. The result of the
investigation showed that the safety and effectiveness of
hemodialysis with our system in each setting was equivalent.
Research
and Development
Our research and development organization has focused on
developing innovative technical approaches that address the
limitations of current dialysis systems and disposable products.
Our development team has skills across the range of technologies
required to develop and maintain dialysis systems and products.
These areas include filters, tubing sets, mechanical systems,
fluids, software and electronics. In response to physician and
patient feedback and our own assessments, we are continually
working on enhancements to our product designs to improve
ease-of-use,
functionality, reliability and safety. We also seek to develop
new products that supplement our existing product offerings and
intend to continue to actively pursue opportunities for the
research and development of complementary products.
For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, we
incurred research and development expenses of $9.8 million,
$8.9 million and $6.3 million, respectively.
Intellectual
Property
We seek to protect our investment in the research, development,
manufacturing and marketing of our products through the use of
patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret law. We own or
have licensed rights to a number of patents, trademark,
copyrights, trade secrets and other intellectual property
directly related and important to our business both in the
United States and abroad. We also have domestic and foreign
pending patent applications.
13
As of December 31, 2009, we had 44 issued U.S. and
international patents, 1 issued European Union, or EU,
industrial design registration and 44 U.S., international and
foreign pending patent applications.
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Patent No.
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Regime
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|
Description
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|
Issued
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|
|
Expiration Date
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6,254,567
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|
US
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|
Flow-Through Peritoneal Dialyzer System and Methods with on-line
Dialysis Solution Regeneration
|
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|
7/3/2001
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2/26/2019
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6,554,789
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|
US
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|
Layered Fluid Circuit Assemblies and Methods for Making Them
|
|
|
4/29/2003
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|
|
|
2/14/2017
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6,572,641
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|
US
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|
Devices for Warming Fluid and Methods of use
|
|
|
6/3/2003
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|
|
|
4/9/2021
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|
6,572,576
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|
US
|
|
Method and ApparatUS for Leak Detection In A Fluid Line
|
|
|
6/3/2003
|
|
|
|
7/2/2021
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|
6,579,253
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|
US
|
|
Fluid Processing Systems and Methods using Extracorporeal Fluid
Flow Panels Oriented within a Cartridge
|
|
|
6/17/2003
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|
|
|
2/14/2017
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|
6,582,385
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|
US
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|
Hemofiltration System Including Ultrafiltrate Purification and
Re-Infusion System
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|
6/24/2003
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|
2/19/2018
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6,589,482
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|
US
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Extracorporeal Circuits for Performing Hemofiltration Employing
Pressure Sensing Without an Air Interface
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7/8/2003
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|
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2/14/2017
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6,595,943
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US
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Systems and Methods for Controlling Blood Flow and Waste Fluid
Removal During Hemofiltration
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7/22/2003
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2/14/2017
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6,638,477
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US
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Fluid Replacement Systems and Methods for use in Hemofiltration
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10/28/2003
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|
2/14/2017
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6,638,478
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US
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Synchronized Volumetric Fluid Balancing Systems and Methods
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10/28/2003
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2/14/2017
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6,649,063
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US
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Method for Performing Renal Replacement Therapy Including
Producing Sterile Replacement Fluid in a Renal Replacement
Therapy Unit
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11/18/2003
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10/7/2021
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6,673,314
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US
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Interactive Systems and Methods for Supporting Hemofiltration
Therapies
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|
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1/6/2004
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2/14/2017
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6,702,561
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US
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Devices and Methods for Potting a Filter for Blood Processing
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3/9/2004
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9/8/2021
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6,743,193
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|
US
|
|
Hermetic Flow Selector Valve
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6/1/2004
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7/17/2021
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6,830,553
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|
US
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|
Blood Treatment Systems and Methods That Maintain Sterile
Extracorporeal
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|
|
12/14/2004
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|
|
|
2/14/2017
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6,852,090
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|
US
|
|
Fluid Processing Systems and Methods using Extracorporeal Fluid
Flow
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|
|
2/8/2005
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|
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|
12/10/2017
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6,872,346
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|
US
|
|
Method and Apparatus for Manufacturing Filters
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|
|
3/29/2005
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|
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5/14/2023
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6,955,655
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|
US
|
|
Hemofiltration System
|
|
|
10/18/2005
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|
|
|
10/7/2017
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|
6,979,309
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|
US
|
|
Systems and Methods for Performing Blood Processing and/or Fluid
Exchange Procedures
|
|
|
12/27/2005
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|
|
|
6/19/2017
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|
7,004,924
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|
US
|
|
Methods, Systems, and Kits for The Extracorporeal Processing of
Blood
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|
|
2/28/2006
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|
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|
2/11/2018
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7,040,142
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|
US
|
|
Method and Apparatus for Leak Detection in Blood Circuits
Combining External Fluid Detection and Air Infiltration Detection
|
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5/9/2006
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|
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|
2/9/2022
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7,087,033
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|
US
|
|
Method and Apparatus for Leak Detection In A Fluid Line
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|
|
8/8/2006
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|
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|
8/22/2021
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7,112,273
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|
US
|
|
Volumetric Fluid Balance Control for Extracorporeal Blood
Treatment
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|
|
9/26/2006
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|
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|
10/4/2023
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7,147,613
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|
US
|
|
Measurement of Fluid Pressure in a Blood Treatment Device
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|
|
12/12/2006
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|
|
8/29/2020
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|
14
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|
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|
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|
|
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|
|
|
Patent No.
|
|
Regime
|
|
Description
|
|
Issued
|
|
|
Expiration Date
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|
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7,214,312
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|
US
|
|
Fluid Circuits, Systems, and Processes for Extracorporeal Blood
Processing
|
|
|
5/8/2007
|
|
|
|
7/8/2022
|
|
7,226,538
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|
US
|
|
Fluid Processing Apparatus
|
|
|
6/5/2007
|
|
|
|
1/21/2022
|
|
7,267,658
|
|
US
|
|
Renal Replacement Therapy Device for Controlling Fluid Balance
of Treated Patient
|
|
|
9/11/2007
|
|
|
|
3/6/2021
|
|
7,300,413
|
|
US
|
|
Blood Processing Machine and System using Fluid Circuit Cartridge
|
|
|
11/27/2007
|
|
|
|
5/4/2021
|
|
7,338,460
|
|
US
|
|
Blood Processing Machine Fluid Circuit Cartridge
|
|
|
3/4/2008
|
|
|
|
6/9/2018
|
|
7,337,674
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|
US
|
|
Pressure Detector for Fluid Circuits
|
|
|
3/4/2008
|
|
|
|
6/14/2024
|
|
7,347,849
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|
US
|
|
Modular Medical Treatment Replaceable Component
|
|
|
3/25/2008
|
|
|
|
6/30/2018
|
|
7,419,597
|
|
US
|
|
Fluid, Circuits, Systems, and Processes for Extracorporeal Blood
Processing
|
|
|
9/2/2008
|
|
|
|
7/12/2021
|
|
7,470,265
|
|
US
|
|
Dual Access Spike for Infusate Bags
|
|
|
12/30/2008
|
|
|
|
1/11/2024
|
|
7,473,238
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|
US
|
|
Hemofiltration Systems and Methods That Maintain Sterile
Extracorporeal Processing Conditions
|
|
|
1/6/2009
|
|
|
|
8/11/2020
|
|
7,544,300
|
|
US
|
|
Batch Filtration System for Preparation of Sterile Fluid for
Renal Replacement Therapy
|
|
|
6/9/2009
|
|
|
|
1/7/2024
|
|
7,588,684
|
|
US
|
|
Systems and Methods for Handling Air and/or Flushing Fluids in a
Fluid Circuit
|
|
|
9/15/2009
|
|
|
|
7/13/2021
|
|
602004021672.0
|
|
DE
|
|
Preparing Replacement Fluid
|
|
|
6/24/2009
|
|
|
|
11/29/2020
|
|
1592494
|
|
EP
|
|
Batch Filtration System for Preparation of Sterile Replacement
Fluid for Renal Therapy
|
|
|
6/24/2009
|
|
|
|
1/7/2024
|
|
0969887
|
|
GB
|
|
Hemofiltration System
|
|
|
11/16/2005
|
|
|
|
2/5/2018
|
|
1592494
|
|
GB
|
|
Preparing Replacement Fluid
|
|
|
6/24/2009
|
|
|
|
1/7/2024
|
|
4118233
|
|
JP
|
|
Method and ApparatUS for Leak Detection in a Fluid Line
|
|
|
5/2/2008
|
|
|
|
7/8/2022
|
|
4387631
|
|
JP
|
|
Layered Fluid Circuit Assemblies and Methods for Making Them
|
|
|
10/9/2009
|
|
|
|
11/29/2020
|
|
4416368
|
|
JP
|
|
Fluid Processing Systems and Methods using Extracorporeal Fluid
Flow Panels Oriented Within a Cartridge
|
|
|
12/4/2009
|
|
|
|
11/29/2020
|
|
4416797
|
|
JP
|
|
Improved Methods and Apparatus for Leak Detection in Blood
Processing Systems
|
|
|
12/4/2009
|
|
|
|
11/5/2024
|
|
000023148-0001
|
|
EU*
|
|
Blood Treatment Machine and Parts thereof
|
|
|
4/1/2003
|
|
|
|
4/1/2028
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
EU industrial design registration |
Patents for individual products extend for varying periods of
time according to the date a patent application is filed or a
patent is granted and the term of the patent protection
available in the jurisdiction granting the patent. The scope of
protection provided by a patent can vary significantly from
country to country.
In connection with the acquisition of the MDS Entities on
October 1, 2007, we also acquired exclusive license rights
to a portfolio of patents. The licensed patents fall into two
categories: those that are used exclusively by the MDS Entities,
which we refer to as Class A patents, and those patents
that are used by the MDS Entities and other companies owned by
Mr. Utterberg, which we refer to as the Class B
patents. Pursuant to the terms of our license agreement with DSU
Medical Corporation, we have a license to (1) the
Class A patents, to practice in all fields for any purpose
and (2) the Class B patents, solely with respect to
certain defined products for use in the treatment of
extracorporeal fluid treatments
and/or renal
insufficiency treatments. This license agreement further
provides that our rights under the agreement are qualified by
certain sublicenses previously granted to third parties. We have
agreed that Mr. Utterberg will retain the right to royalty
income under one of these sublicenses.
15
The following table lists all of the issued patents licensed by
us under the license agreement that are fundamental to the
manufacture and sale of the core products we sell to customers
in the in-center market.
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Subject Matter
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Patent Number
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Patent Expiration
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Pump Segment Having Connected, Parallel Branch Line
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US 5360395
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11/1/2011
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Pump Segment Having Connected, Parallel Branch Line: Continuation
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US 6440095
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5/5/2017
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Blood Set Priming Method & Apparatus
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US 5895368
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9/23/2016
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Blood Set Priming Method & Apparatus: Div
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US 6290665
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3/11/2018
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Reversing Flow Blood Processing System
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US 6177409
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6/10/2018
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New Reverso
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US 6695807
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1/18/2022
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Turbo Cap for Blood Processing
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US 6517508
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11/3/2019
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Measuring Vascular Access Pressure Access Alert
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US 6346084
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1/10/2020
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Guarded Winged Needle Assembly (Method): Div. Of Continuation
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US 5433703
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7/18/2012
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Easy Use Needle Protector Sheath
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US 5704924
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1/11/2016
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European Guarded Winged Needle Assembly
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EUR 436646
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8/31/2011
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European Guarded Winged Needle Assembly: Divisional
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EUR 558162
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1/9/2010
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Japan Easy Use Needle Protector Sheath
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JP 3809563
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12/20/2016
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Luer Connector with Integral Closure
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US 5385372
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1/31/2012
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Squeeze Clamp for Flexible Tubing
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US 6089527
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10/3/2017
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Divisional Squeeze Clamp for Flexible Tubing
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US 6196519
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9/15/2019
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Canada Squeeze Clamp for Flexible Tubing
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CN 2308052
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9/22/2018
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Injection
Site for Male Luer
Locksitetm
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US 7025744
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10/4/2022
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In addition to the issued patents and pending patent
applications owned by us and the issued patents and patent
applications licensed to us, in the United States and selected
non-U.S. markets,
we possess trade secrets and proprietary know-how relating to
our products. Any of our trade secrets, know-how or other
technology not protected by a patent could be misappropriated,
or independently developed by, a competitor and could, if
independently invented and patented by a competitor, under some
circumstances, be used to prevent us from further use of such
information, know-how or technology.
Our strategy is to develop patent portfolios for our research
and development projects. We monitor the activities of our
competitors and other third parties with respect to their use of
intellectual property. We intend to aggressively defend the
patents we hold, and we intend to vigorously contest claims
other patent holders may bring against us.
The medical device industry is characterized by the existence of
a large number of patents and frequent litigation based on
allegations of patent infringement. While we attempt to ensure
that our products and methods do not infringe other
parties patents and proprietary rights, our competitors
may assert that our products, or the methods that we employ, are
covered by patents held by them. In addition, our competitors
may assert that future products and methods we may market
infringe their patents.
We require our employees, consultants and advisors to execute
confidentiality agreements with us. We also require our
employees to agree to disclose and assign to us all inventions
conceived by them during their employment with us. Similar
obligations are imposed upon consultants and advisors performing
work for us relating to the design or manufacture of our
product. Despite efforts taken to protect our intellectual
property, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of
our products or to obtain and use information that we regard as
proprietary.
Manufacturing
The manufacture of our products is accomplished through a
complementary combination of outsourcing and internal
production. We have manufacturing facilities in Mexico, Germany
and Italy. We outsource the manufacture of premixed dialysate,
needles, some blood tubing sets, and some components.
16
We have single-source suppliers of components, but in most
instances there are alternative sources of supply available.
Where obtaining a second source is more difficult, we have tried
to establish supply agreements that better protect our
continuity of supply. These agreements, currently in place with
several key suppliers, are intended to establish commitments to
supply product. We do not have supply agreements in place with
all of our single-source suppliers.
We have certain agreements that grant certain suppliers
exclusive or semi-exclusive supply rights. We contract for the
manufacture of the majority of our finished goods of ReadySet
blood tubing sets and all our needles from Kawasumi,
headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, with manufacturing facilities in
Thailand. The current agreement with Kawasumi for the
manufacture of blood tubing extends through January 2011, which
term can be automatically extended for additional one year
periods, unless either party provides sufficient notice of
termination. Under the terms of this agreement, we supply
Kawasumi with molded component parts and Kawasumi in turn uses
these components to manufacture finished goods blood tubing
sets, which are then purchased by us. We have committed to
purchase from Kawasumi a minimum quantity of blood tubing sets
over the term of the agreement. We believe that this minimum
purchase commitment is less than our anticipated requirements
for blood tubing sets.
We also have an agreement with Kawasumi for the manufacture of
needle sets. Virtually all of these needle sets rely on our
patented guarded needle set technology. In February 2007, we
agreed with Kawasumi to extend their needle set supply agreement
through February 2011, with opportunities to extend the term
beyond that date. We have committed to purchase from Kawasumi a
minimum quantity of needle sets over the three-year extended
term of the contract. We believe that this minimum purchase
commitment is less than our anticipated requirements for needles.
In January 2007, we entered into a supply agreement with
Membrana pursuant to which Membrana has agreed to supply, on an
exclusive basis for a period of ten years, the capillary
membranes that we use in the filters used with the System One.
Membrana has agreed to pricing reductions based on volumes
ordered and we have agreed to purchase a base amount of
membranes per year. The agreement may be terminated upon a
material breach, generally following a
sixty-day
cure period.
We purchase bicarbonate-based premixed dialysate from B. Braun
Medizintechnologie GmbH, or B. Braun, and our lactate-based
premixed dialysate from Laboratorios PISA, or PISA. We have a
supply agreement with B. Braun that obligates B. Braun to supply
the dialysate to us for an indefinite period until either party
provides twelve months notice of termination in exchange for a
minimum purchase commitment, which we believe is less than our
anticipated requirements. The contract may be terminated upon a
material breach, generally following a
30-day cure
period. Our supply agreement with PISA extends through 2011.
This contract may be terminated upon a material breach,
generally following a
30-day cure
period.
Government
Regulation
Food
and Drug Administration
In the United States, our products are subject to regulation by
the FDA, which regulates our products as medical devices. The
FDA regulates the clinical testing, manufacture, labeling,
distribution, import and export, sale and promotion of medical
devices. Noncompliance with applicable FDA requirements can
result in, among other things, fines, injunctions, civil
penalties, recall or seizure of products, total or partial
suspension of production, failure of the government to grant
pre-market clearance or pre-market approval for devices,
withdrawal of marketing clearances or approvals and criminal
prosecution.
Unless an exemption applies, all medical devices must receive
either prior 510(k) clearance or pre-market approval from the
FDA before they may be commercially distributed in the United
States. Submissions to obtain 510(k) clearance and pre-market
approval must be accompanied by a user fee, unless exempt. In
addition, the FDA can also impose restrictions on the sale,
distribution or use of devices at the time of their clearance or
approval, or subsequent to marketing.
The FDA classifies medical devices into one of three classes:
Class I, Class II or Class III
depending on the FDAs assessment of the degree
of risk associated with the device and the controls it deems
necessary
17
to reasonably ensure the devices safety and effectiveness.
The FDA has deemed our System One to be a Class II medical
device and we have marketed it as such in the United States.
Class I devices are those for which safety and
effectiveness can be assured by adherence to a set of general
controls, which include compliance with facility registration
and product listing requirements, reporting of adverse events,
and appropriate, truthful and non-misleading labeling,
advertising and promotional materials. Class II devices are
also subject to these same general controls, as well as any
other special controls deemed necessary by the FDA to ensure the
safety and effectiveness of the device. These special controls
can include performance standards, post-market surveillance,
patient registries and FDA guidelines. Pre-market review and
clearance by the FDA for Class II devices is accomplished
through the 510(k) pre-market notification procedure, unless the
device is exempt. When 510(k) clearance is required, a
manufacturer must submit a pre-market notification to the FDA
demonstrating that the proposed device is substantially
equivalent in intended use and in safety and effectiveness to a
legally marketed device that is not subject to premarket
approval, i.e., a device that was legally marketed prior to
May 28, 1976 and for which the FDA has not yet required
premarket approval; a device which has been reclassified from
Class III to Class II or I; or a novel device
classified into Class I or II through de novo
classification. If the FDA agrees that the device is
substantially equivalent to the predicate, it will subject the
device to the same classification and degree of regulation as
the predicate device, thus effectively granting clearance to
market it. After a device receives 510(k) clearance, any
modification that could significantly affect its safety or
effectiveness, or that would constitute a major change in its
intended use, requires a new 510(k) clearance or possibly a
pre-market approval. Class III devices are devices for
which insufficient information exists that general or special
controls will provide reasonable assurance of safety and
effectiveness, and the devices are life-sustaining,
life-supporting, or implantable, or of substantial importance in
preventing the impairment of human health, or present a
potential, unreasonable risk of illness or injury.
Class III devices requiring an approved pre-market approval
application to be marketed are devices that were regulated as
new drugs prior to May 28, 1976, devices not found
substantially equivalent to devices marketed prior to
May 28, 1976 and Class III
pre-amendment
devices, which are devices introduced in the U.S. market
prior to May 28, 1976, that by regulation require
pre-market approval.
FDA
Regulatory Clearance Status
We currently have all of the regulatory clearances required to
market the System One in the United States in both the home and
critical care markets. The FDA has cleared the System One for
the treatment, under a physicians prescription, of renal
failure or fluid overload using hemofiltration, hemodialysis
and/or
ultrafiltration. The FDA has also specifically cleared the
System One for home hemodialysis use under a physicians
prescription.
We received our first clearance from the FDA for a predecessor
model to the System One in January 2001 for hemofiltration and
ultrafiltration. In July 2003, we received expanded clearance
from the FDA for the System One for hemodialysis, hemofiltration
and ultrafiltration. Then in June 2005, we received FDA
clearance specifically allowing us to promote home hemodialysis
using the System One. To date we have received a total of 25
product clearances from the FDA since our inception in December
1998 for our System One and related products. We continue to
seek opportunities for product improvements and feature
enhancements, which will, from time to time, require FDA
clearance before market launch.
We have received a total of 24 product clearances to market
Medisystems products that support the in-center market. These
clearances, the first of which was received in 1981, cover blood
tubing sets used for hemodialysis, needle sets used in
hemodialysis and apherisis, and other components such as
intravenous administration sites, Medics and transducer
protectors, used primarily for hemodialysis.
FDA
Clearance Procedures
510(k) Clearance Pathway. When we are required
to obtain a 510(k) clearance for a device that we wish to
market, we must submit a pre-market notification to the FDA
demonstrating that the device is substantially equivalent to
(1) a device that was legally marketed prior to
May 28, 1976 and for which the FDA has not yet required
premarket approval; (2) a device which has been
reclassified from Class III to Class II or I; or
(3) a
18
novel device classified into Class I or II through de
novo classification. The FDA attempts to respond to a 510(k)
pre-market notification within 90 days of submission of the
notification (or in some instances 30 days under what is
referred to as special 510(k) submission), but the
response may be a request for additional information or data,
sometimes including clinical data. As a practical matter,
pre-market clearance can take significantly longer, including up
to one year or more.
After a device receives 510(k) clearance for a specific intended
use, any modification that could significantly affect its safety
or effectiveness, or that constitutes a major change in its
intended use, would require a new 510(k) clearance or could
require pre-market approval. In the first instance, the
manufacturer may determine that a change does not require a new
510(k) clearance. The FDA can review any such decision and can
disagree with a manufacturers determination. If the FDA
disagrees with a manufacturers determination that a new
clearance or approval is not required for a particular
modification, the FDA can require the manufacturer to cease
marketing
and/or
recall the modified device until 510(k) clearance or pre-market
approval is obtained.
Pre-market Approval Pathway. A pre-market
approval application must be submitted if the device cannot be
cleared through the 510(k) process. The pre-market approval
process is much more demanding than the 510(k) pre-market
notification process. A pre-market approval application must be
supported by extensive data and information including, but not
limited to, technical, preclinical and clinical trials,
manufacturing and labeling to demonstrate to the FDAs
satisfaction the safety and effectiveness of the device. After
the FDA determines that a pre-market approval application is
complete, the FDA accepts the application and begins an in-depth
review of the submitted information. The FDA, by statute and
regulation, has 180 days to review an accepted pre-market
approval application, although the review generally occurs over
a significantly longer period of time, and can take up to
several years. During this review period, the FDA may request
additional information or clarification of information already
provided. Also during the review period, an advisory panel of
experts from outside the FDA may be convened to review and
evaluate the application and provide recommendations to the FDA
as to the approvability of the device. In addition, the FDA will
conduct a pre-approval inspection of the manufacturing facility
to ensure compliance with the Quality System Regulations. New
pre-market approval applications or supplemental pre-market
approval applications are required for significant modifications
to the manufacturing process, labeling, use and design of a
device that is approved through the pre-market approval process.
Pre-market approval supplements often require submission of the
same type of information as a pre-market approval application,
except that the supplement is limited to information needed to
support any changes from the device covered by the original
pre-market approval application, and may not require as
extensive clinical data or the convening of an advisory panel.
Clinical Trials. A clinical trial is almost
always required to support a pre-market approval application and
is sometimes required for a 510(k) pre-market notification.
Clinical trials for devices that involve significant risk,
referred to as significant risk devices, require submission of
an application for an IDE to the FDA. The IDE application must
be supported by appropriate data, such as animal and laboratory
testing results, showing that it is safe to test the device in
humans and that the testing protocol is scientifically sound.
Clinical trials for a significant risk device may begin once the
IDE application is approved by the FDA and the institutional
review board, or IRB, overseeing the clinical trial. If FDA
fails to respond to an IDE application within 30 days of
receipt, the application is deemed approved, but IRB approval
would still be required before a study could begin. Products
that are not significant risk devices are deemed to be
non-significant risk devices under FDA regulations,
and are subject to abbreviated IDE requirements, including
informed consent, IRB approval of the proposed clinical trial
and submission of certain reports to the IRB. Clinical trials
are subject to extensive recordkeeping and reporting
requirements. Our clinical trials must be conducted under the
oversight of an IRB at each clinical study site and in
accordance with applicable regulations and policies including,
but not limited to, the FDAs good clinical practice, or
GCP, requirements.
19
Continuing
FDA Regulation
After a device is placed on the market, numerous regulatory
requirements apply. These include, among others:
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Quality System Regulations, which require manufacturers to have
a quality system for the design, manufacture, packaging,
labeling, storage, installation, and servicing of finished
medical devices;
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labeling regulations, which govern product labels and labeling,
prohibit the promotion of products for unapproved, or off-label,
uses and impose other restrictions on labeling and promotional
activities;
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medical device reporting, or MDR, regulations, which require
that manufacturers report to the FDA if their device may have
caused or contributed to a death or serious injury or
malfunctioned in a way that would likely cause or contribute to
a death or serious injury if it were to recur; and
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recalls and notices of correction or removal.
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MDR Regulations. The MDR regulations require
that we report to the FDA any incident in which our product may
have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury, or in
which our product malfunctioned and, if the malfunction were to
recur, would likely cause or contribute to a death or serious
injury. To date, a majority of our MDRs had been submitted to
comply with the FDAs blood loss policy for routine
dialysis treatments. This policy required manufacturers to file
MDR reports related to routine dialysis treatments if the
patient experiences blood loss greater than 20cc.
FDA Inspections. We have registered with the
FDA as a medical device manufacturer. The FDA seeks to ensure
compliance with regulatory requirements through periodic,
unannounced facility inspections and these inspections may
include the manufacturing facilities of our subcontractors.
Failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements can
result in enforcement action by the FDA, which may include any
of the following:
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warning letters or untitled letters;
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fines, injunctions, and civil penalties;
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administrative detention; which is the detention by the FDA of
medical devices believed to be adultered or misbranded
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voluntary or mandatory recall or seizure of our products;
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customer notification, or orders for repair, replacement or
refund;
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operating restrictions, partial suspension or total shutdown of
production;
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refusal to review pre-market notification or pre-market approval
submissions;
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rescission of a substantial equivalence order or suspension or
withdrawal of a pre-market approval; and
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criminal prosecution.
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The FDA has inspected our Lawrence, Massachusetts facility and
quality system three times. In our first inspection, one
observation was made, but was rectified during the inspection,
requiring no further response from us. Our last two inspections,
including our most recent inspection in March 2006, resulted in
no observations. Medisystems has been inspected by the FDA on
eight occasions, and all inspections resulted in no action
indicated. We cannot provide assurance that we can maintain a
comparable level of regulatory compliance in the future at our
facilities.
Foreign
Regulation of Medical Devices
Clearance or approval of our products by regulatory authorities
comparable to the FDA may be necessary in foreign countries
prior to marketing the product in those countries, whether or
not FDA clearance has been obtained. The regulatory requirements
for medical devices vary significantly from country to country.
They can involve requirements for additional testing and may be
time consuming and expensive. We have not
20
sought approval for our products outside of the United States,
Canada and the European Union, or EU. We cannot provide
assurance that we will be able to obtain regulatory approvals in
any other markets.
The System One cycler and related cartridges are regulated as
medical devices in Canada under the Canadian Medical Device
Regulations and in the EU under the Medical Device Directive. We
have received four product licenses from Canada. We have
obtained CE marking approval in the EU for our System One.
Our blood tubing sets, AV fistula needles, apheresis needles,
dialysis priming sets, transducer protectors, Reverso, and Medic
are regulated as medical devices in Canada under the Canadian
Medical Device Regulations and in the EU, under the Medical
Device Directive. We maintain six Medical Device Licenses in
Canada under the Medisystems brandname for these products. We
have received CE marking in the EU for AV fistula needles,
apheresis needles, Medic and its Reverso product. At this time
none of our other products sold to customers in the in-center
market have been approved for CE marking.
Fraud and
Abuse Laws
Anti-Kickback
Statutes
The federal healthcare program Anti-Kickback Statute prohibits
persons from knowingly and willfully soliciting, offering,
receiving or providing remuneration, directly or indirectly, in
exchange for or to induce either the referral of an individual
for, or the furnishing, arranging for or recommending a good or
service for which payment may be made in whole or part under a
federal healthcare program such as Medicare or Medicaid. The
definition of remuneration has been broadly interpreted to
include anything of value, including for example gifts,
discounts, the furnishing of supplies or equipment, credit
arrangements, payments of cash and waivers of payments. Several
courts have interpreted the statutes intent requirement to
mean that if any one purpose of an arrangement involving
remuneration is to induce referrals or otherwise generate
business involving goods or services reimbursed in whole or in
part under federal healthcare programs, the statute has been
violated. The law contains a few statutory exceptions, including
payments to bona fide employees, certain discounts and certain
payments to group purchasing organizations. Violations can
result in significant penalties, imprisonment and exclusion from
Medicare, Medicaid and other federal healthcare programs.
Exclusion of a manufacturer would preclude any federal
healthcare program from paying for its products. In addition,
kickback arrangements can provide the basis for an action under
the Federal False Claims Act, which is discussed in more detail
below.
The Anti-Kickback Statute is broad and potentially prohibits
many arrangements and practices that are lawful in businesses
outside of the healthcare industry. Recognizing that the
Anti-Kickback Statute is broad and may technically prohibit many
innocuous or beneficial arrangements, the Office of Inspector
General of Health and Human Services, or OIG, issued a series of
regulations, known as the safe harbors, beginning in July 1991.
These safe harbors set forth provisions that, if all the
applicable requirements are met, will assure healthcare
providers and other parties that they will not be prosecuted
under the Anti-Kickback Statute. The failure of a transaction or
arrangement to fit precisely within one or more safe harbors
does not necessarily mean that it is illegal or that prosecution
will be pursued. However, conduct and business arrangements that
do not fully satisfy each applicable safe harbor may result in
increased scrutiny by government enforcement authorities such as
the OIG. Arrangements that implicate the Anti-Kickback Law, and
that do not fall within a safe harbor, are analyzed by the OIG
on a
case-by-case
basis.
Government officials have focused recent enforcement efforts on,
among other things, the sales and marketing activities of
healthcare companies, and recently have brought cases against
individuals or entities with personnel who allegedly offered
unlawful inducements to potential or existing customers in an
attempt to procure their business. Settlements of these cases by
healthcare companies have involved significant fines
and/or
penalties and in some instances criminal pleas.
In addition to the Federal Anti-Kickback Statute, many states
have their own anti-kickback laws. Often, these laws closely
follow the language of the federal law, although they do not
always have the same exceptions or safe harbors. In some states,
these anti-kickback laws apply with respect to all payors,
including commercial health insurance companies.
21
False
Claims Laws
Federal false claims laws prohibit any person from knowingly
presenting, or causing to be presented, a false claim for
payment to the federal government or knowingly making, or
causing to be made, a false statement to get a false claim paid.
Manufacturers can be held liable under false claims laws, even
if they do not submit claims to the government, if they are
found to have caused submission of false claims. The Federal
Civil False Claims Act also includes whistle blower provisions
that allow private citizens to bring suit against an entity or
individual on behalf of the United States and to recover a
portion of any monetary recovery. Many of the recent highly
publicized settlements in the healthcare industry related to
sales and marketing practices have been cases brought under the
False Claims Act. The majority of states also have statutes or
regulations similar to the federal false claims laws, which
apply to items and services reimbursed under Medicaid and other
state programs, or, in several states, apply regardless of the
payor. Sanctions under these federal and state laws may include
civil monetary penalties, exclusion of a manufacturers
products from reimbursement under government programs, criminal
fines and imprisonment.
Privacy
and Security
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996,
or HIPAA, and the rules promulgated thereunder require certain
entities, referred to as covered entities, to comply with
established standards, including standards regarding the privacy
and security of protected health information, or PHI. HIPAA
further requires that covered entities enter into agreements
meeting certain regulatory requirements with their business
associates, as such term is defined by HIPAA, which, among other
things, obligate the business associates to safeguard the
covered entitys PHI against improper use and disclosure.
While not directly regulated by HIPAA, a business associate may
face significant contractual liability pursuant to such an
agreement if the business associate breaches the agreement or
causes the covered entity to fail to comply with HIPAA. In the
course of our business operations, we have entered into several
business associate agreements with certain of our customers that
are also covered entities. Pursuant to the terms of these
business associate agreements, we have agreed, among other
things, not to use or further disclose the covered entitys
PHI except as permitted or required by the agreements or as
required by law, to use reasonable safeguards to prevent
prohibited disclosure of such PHI and to report to the covered
entity any unauthorized uses or disclosures of such PHI.
Accordingly, we incur compliance related costs in meeting
HIPAA-related obligations under business associate agreements to
which we are a party. Moreover, if we fail to meet our
contractual obligations under such agreements, we may incur
significant liability.
In addition, HIPAAs criminal provisions could potentially
be applied to a non-covered entity that aided and abetted the
violation of, or conspired to violate HIPAA, although we are
unable at this time to determine conclusively whether our
actions could be subject to prosecution in the event of an
impermissible disclosure of health information to us. Also, many
state laws regulate the use and disclosure of health
information, and are not necessarily preempted by HIPAA, in
particular those laws that afford greater protection to the
individual than does HIPAA. Finally, in the event we change our
business model and become a HIPAA covered entity, we would be
directly subject to HIPAA, its rules and its civil and criminal
penalties.
Reimbursement
Home
and In-Center Care Markets
Medicare regulations require that all chronic ESRD patients be
under the care of a dialysis clinic, whether they are treated at
home or in-clinic. We rent or sell our System One to dialysis
clinics and sell our needles and blood tubing sets to dialysis
clinics. These clinics are, in turn, reimbursed by Medicare,
Medicaid and private insurers. According to the 2009 USRDS
Annual Data Report, Medicare is the primary payor for
approximately 75% of prevalent dialysis patients using
hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The report also indicates
that approximately 15% of patients are covered by commercial
insurance, with the remaining 10% of patients classified by the
USRDS as other or unknown. Certain
centers have reported that the NxStage daily home dialysis
therapy attracts a higher percentage of commercial insurance
patients than other forms of dialysis.
22
Medicare. Medicare generally provides health
insurance coverage for persons who are age 65 or older and
for persons who are completely disabled. For ESRD patients,
however, Medicare coverage is not dependent on age or
disability. For patients eligible for Medicare based solely on
ESRD, generally patients under age 65, Medicare eligibility
begins three months after the month in which the patient begins
dialysis treatments. During this three-month waiting period
either Medicaid, private insurance or the patient is responsible
for payment for dialysis services. Medicare generally waives
this waiting period for individuals who participate in a
self-care dialysis training program, or are hospitalized for a
kidney transplant and the surgery occurs within a specified time
period.
For ESRD patients under age 65 who have any employer group
health insurance coverage, regardless of the size of the
employer or the individuals employment status, Medicare
coverage is generally secondary to the employer coverage during
the 30-month
period that follows the establishment of Medicare eligibility or
entitlement based on ESRD. During the period, the patients
existing insurer is responsible for paying primary benefits at
the rate specified in the plan, which may be a negotiated rate
or the healthcare providers usual and customary rate. As
the secondary payor during this period, Medicare will make
payments up to the applicable composite rate for dialysis
services reimbursed based on the composite rate to supplement
any primary payments by the employer group health plan if the
plan covers the services but pays only a portion of the charge
for the services.
Medicare generally is the primary payor for ESRD patients after
the 30-month
period. Under current rules, Medicare is also the primary payor
for ESRD patients during the
30-month
period under certain circumstances. Medicare remains the primary
payor when an individual becomes eligible for Medicare on the
basis of ESRD if, (1) the individual was already
age 65 or over or was eligible for Medicare based on
disability and (2) the individuals private insurance
coverage is not by reason of current employment or, if it is,
the employer has fewer than 20 employees in the case of
eligibility by reason of age, or fewer than 100 employees
in the case of eligibility by reason of disability. The rules
regarding entitlement to primary Medicare coverage when the
patient is eligible for Medicare on the basis of both ESRD and
age, or disability, have been the subject of frequent
legislative and regulatory changes in recent years and there can
be no assurance that these rules will not be unfavorably changed
in the future.
When Medicare is the primary payor for services furnished by
dialysis clinics, it reimburses dialysis clinics for 80% of the
composite rate, leaving the secondary insurance or the patient
responsible for the remaining 20%. The Medicare composite rate
is set by Congress and is intended to cover virtually all costs
associated with each dialysis treatment, excluding physician
services and certain separately billable drugs and laboratory
services. While there is some regional variation in the Medicare
allowable rate, the national average for 2010 is $155 per
treatment for both independent and hospital-based dialysis
facilities. Depending upon patient case mix, reimbursement may
be further improved, based on a case-mix adjustment to the
composite rate. Under the case-mix adjustment, Medicare now pays
more for larger patients and those under the age of 65. This may
be beneficial to our customers, as to date our patient
population has tended to be younger and larger than the ESRD
national average. As a result of the Medicare Improvements for
Patients and Providers Act of 2008, or MIPPA legislation,
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or CMS, has
announced that, in 2011, it will implement a new
bundled payment for dialysis treatment. Proposed
rules have been released by CMS and the public comment period
concluded on December 16, 2009. Final rules will likely be
published in 2010. It is not possible at this time to determine
what impact this will have on the adoption of home
and/or daily
hemodialysis or the price for which we can sell our products.
CMS rules limit the number of hemodialysis treatments paid for
by Medicare to three per week, unless there is medical
justification provided by the patients physician, for the
additional treatments. The determination of medical
justification must be made at the local Medicare contractor
level on a
case-by-case
basis. A clinics decision as to how much it is willing to
spend on home daily dialysis equipment and services will be at
least partly dependent on whether Medicare will reimburse more
than three treatments per week for the clinics patients.
Medicaid. Medicaid programs are
state-administered programs partially funded by the federal
government. These programs are intended to provide coverage for
certain categories of patients whose income and
23
assets fall below state defined levels and who are otherwise
uninsured. For those who are eligible, the programs serve as
supplemental insurance programs for the Medicare co-insurance
portion and provide certain coverage, for example,
self-administered outpatient prescription medications, that is
not covered by Medicare. For ESRD treatment, state regulations
generally follow Medicare reimbursement levels and coverage
without any co-insurance amounts, which is pertinent mostly for
the three-month waiting period. Certain states, however, require
beneficiaries to pay a monthly share of the cost based upon
levels of income or assets.
Private Insurers. Some ESRD patients have
private insurance that covers dialysis services. Healthcare
providers receive reimbursement for ESRD treatments from the
patient or private insurance during a waiting period of up to
three months before the patient becomes eligible for Medicare.
In addition, if the private payor is an employer group health
plan, it is generally required to continue to make primary
payments for dialysis services during the
30-month
period following eligibility or entitlement to Medicare. In
general, employers may not reduce coverage or otherwise
discriminate against ESRD patients by taking into account the
patients eligibility or entitlement to Medicare benefits.
It is generally believed that private insurance pays
significantly more for dialysis services than Medicare and these
patients with private insurance are generally viewed as more
profitable to dialysis service providers.
Critical
Care
For Medicare patients, both acute kidney failure and fluid
overload therapies provided in an in-patient hospital setting
are reimbursed under a traditional diagnosis related group, or
DRG, system. Under this system, reimbursement is determined
based on a patients primary diagnosis and is intended to
cover all costs of treating the patient. The presence of acute
kidney failure or fluid overload increases the severity of the
primary diagnosis and, accordingly, could increase the amount
reimbursed. The longer hospitalization stays and higher labor
needs, which are typical for patients with acute kidney failure
and fluid overload, must be managed for care of these patients
to be cost-effective. We believe that there is a significant
incentive for hospitals to find a more cost-efficient way to
treat these patients in order to improve hospital economics for
these therapies.
Our
Employees
As of December 31, 2009, we had 1,509 full-time
employees, 4 part-time employees and 22 seasonal or
temporary employees. From time to time we also employ
independent contractors to support our engineering, marketing,
sales, clinical and administrative organizations.
Where To
Find More Information
Our Annual Reports on
Form 10-K,
Quarterly Reports on
Form 10-Q,
Current Reports on
Form 8-K
and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to
Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 are available free of charge through our website
(www.nxstage.com) under the Investor Information
caption as soon as reasonably practicable after we
electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the
Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. In addition, we
intend to disclose on our website any amendments to, or waivers
from, our code of business conduct and ethics that are required
to be disclosed pursuant to the rules of the SEC. We are not
including the information contained on our website as part of,
or incorporating it by reference into, this report. You may read
and copy materials that we have filed with the SEC at the
SECs public reference room located at 450 Fifth
Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. In addition, our SEC
filings are available to the public on the SECs website
(www.sec.gov).
In addition to the factors discussed in Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations and elsewhere in this report, the following are
some of the important risk factors that could cause our actual
results to differ materially from those projected in any
forward-looking statements.
24
Risks
Related to our Business
We
expect to derive a significant percentage of our future revenues
from the rental or sale of our System One and a limited number
of other products.
Since our inception, we have devoted a substantial amount of our
efforts to the development of the System One and the related
products used with the System One. We commenced marketing the
System One and the related disposable products to the critical
care market in February 2003. We commenced marketing the System
One for chronic hemodialysis treatment in September 2004. Prior
to the acquisition of the MDS Entities on October 1, 2007,
nearly 100% of our revenues were derived from the rental or sale
of our System One and the sale of related disposables. Although
the Medisystems Acquisition broadened our product offerings, we
expect that in 2010 and in the foreseeable future, we will
continue to derive a significant percentage of our revenues from
the System One, and that we will derive the remainder of our
revenues from the sale of a few key disposable products acquired
in the Medisystems Acquisition, including blood tubing sets and
needles. To the extent that any of our primary products are not
commercially successful or are withdrawn from the market for any
reason, our revenues will be adversely impacted, and we do not
have other significant products in development that could
readily replace these revenues.
We
cannot accurately predict the size of the home hemodialysis
market, and it may be smaller, and may develop more slowly than
we expect.
We believe our largest future product market opportunity is the
home hemodialysis market. However this market is presently very
small and adoption of the home hemodialysis treatment options
has been limited. The most widely adopted form of dialysis
therapy used in a setting other than a dialysis clinic is
peritoneal dialysis. Based on the most recently available data
from the United States Renal Data System, or USRDS, the number
of patients receiving peritoneal dialysis was approximately
26,000 in 2006, representing approximately 8% of all patients
receiving dialysis treatment for ESRD in the United States. Very
few ESRD patients receive hemodialysis treatment outside of the
clinic setting. Because the adoption of home hemodialysis has
been limited to date, the number of patients who desire to, and
are capable of, administering their own hemodialysis treatment
with a system such as the System One is unknown and there is
limited data upon which to make estimates. In addition, many
dialysis clinics do not presently have the infrastructure in
place to support home hemodialysis and most do not have the
infrastructure in place to support a significant home
hemodialysis patient population. Our long-term growth will
depend on the number of patients who adopt home-based
hemodialysis and how quickly they adopt it, which in turn is
driven by the number of physicians willing to prescribe home
hemodialysis and the number of dialysis clinics able or willing
to establish and support home hemodialysis therapies.
Because nearly all our home hemodialysis patients are also
receiving more frequent dialysis, meaning dialysis delivered
five or more times a week, the market adoption of our System One
for home hemodialysis is also dependent upon the penetration and
market acceptance of more frequent hemodialysis. Given the
increased provider supply costs associated with providing more
frequent dialysis versus conventional three-times per week
dialysis, market acceptance will be impacted, especially for
Medicare patients by whether dialysis clinics are able to obtain
reimbursement for additional dialysis treatments provided in
excess of three times a week. Presently, we understand that a
number of our customers are unable to obtain such additional
reimbursement, and that there are increased administrative
burdens associated with articulating the medical justification
for treatments beyond three times per week. Both of these facts
will likely negatively impact the rate and extent of any further
market expansion of our System One for home hemodialysis.
Expanding Medicare reimbursement over time to predictably cover
more frequent therapy, with less administrative burden for our
customers, may be critical to our ability to significantly
expand the market penetration of the System One in the home
market and to grow our revenue in the future. As a result of
2008 MIPPA legislation, CMS has announced that, in 2011, it will
implement a new bundled payment for dialysis
treatment. Proposed rules have been released by CMS and the
public comment period concluded on December 16, 2009. Final
rules will likely be published in 2010. It is not possible at
this time to determine what impact this will have on the
adoption of home
and/or daily
hemodialysis or the price for which we can sell our products.
New regulations particularly impacting home hemodialysis
technologies can also negatively impact the rate and extent of
any further market expansion of our System One for home
hemodialysis. In 2008, CMS
25
released new Conditions for Coverage applicable to our
customers. These Conditions for Coverage impose water testing
requirements on our patients using our PureFlow SL product.
These water testing requirements increase the burden of our
therapy for our patients and may impair market adoption,
especially for our PureFlow SL product. To the extent additional
regulations are introduced unique to the home environment,
market adoption could be even further impaired.
We are in a developing market and we will need to continue to
devote significant resources to developing the home market. We
cannot be certain that this market will develop, how quickly it
will develop or how large it will be.
We
require significant capital to build our business, and financing
may not be available to us on reasonable terms, if at
all.
We have experienced negative operating margins and cash flows
from operations and we expect to continue to incur net losses in
the foreseeable future. In addition, our System One home market
relies heavily upon a rental sales model whereby approximately
half of our sales to customers in the home market include the
rental rather than the purchase of System One equipment. This
sales model requires significant amounts of working capital to
manufacture System One equipment for rental to dialysis clinics.
A number of our home market customers, including DaVita, have
purchased System One equipment, with certain customers committed
to purchase, rather than rent, the significant majority of their
future System One equipment requirements. There can, however, be
no assurance that we will be able to expand the percentage of
our equipment placements that are purchased rather than rented.
We believe, based on current projections, that we have the
required resources to fund operating requirements through 2010
and beyond. Future capital requirements will depend on many
factors including the rate of revenue growth, continued progress
on improving gross margins, the expansion of selling and
marketing activities and research and development activities,
the timing and extent of expansion into new geographies or
territories, the timing of new product introductions and
enhancement to existing products, the continuing market
acceptance of products, availability of credit and potential
investments in, or acquisitions of complementary businesses,
services or technologies. There is no assurance that additional
debt or equity capital will be available to us on favorable
terms, if at all.
If we sell additional equity or issue debt securities to fund
future capital requirements, it will likely result in dilution
to our stockholders, and we cannot be certain that additional
public or private financing will be available in amounts or on
terms acceptable to us, or at all. If we are unable to obtain
additional financing when needed, we may be required to delay,
reduce the scope of, or eliminate one or more aspects of our
business development activities, which would likely harm our
business.
We
have limited operating experience, a history of net losses and
an accumulated deficit of $276.7 million at December 31,
2009. We cannot guarantee if, when and the extent to which we
will become profitable, or that we will be able to maintain
profitability if it is achieved.
Since inception, we have incurred losses every quarter and, at
December 31, 2009, we had an accumulated deficit of
approximately $276.7 million. We expect to incur increasing
operating expenses as we continue to grow our business.
Additionally, while we have achieved positive gross margins for
our products, in the aggregate, since the fourth quarter of
2007, we cannot provide assurance that our gross margins will
continue to improve or, if they do improve, the rate at which
they will improve. We cannot provide assurance that we will
achieve profitability, when we will become profitable, the
sustainability of profitability should it occur, or the extent
to which we will be profitable. Our ability to become profitable
depends principally upon implementing design and process
improvements to lower our costs of manufacturing our products,
accessing lower labor cost markets for the manufacture of our
products, growing revenue, increasing the reliability of our
products, improving our field equipment utilization, achieving
efficiencies in manufacturing and supply chain overhead costs,
achieving efficient distribution of our products, achieving a
sufficient scale of operations and obtaining better purchasing
terms and prices.
26
Our
customers in the System One and In-Center segment are highly
consolidated, with concentrated buying power.
Fresenius and DaVita own and operate the two largest chains of
dialysis clinics in the United States. Collectively, these
entities provide treatment to more than 60% of United States
dialysis patients. Additionally, DaVita has certain dialysis
supply purchase obligations to Gambro under a long-term
preferred supplier agreement. Each of Fresenius and DaVita may
choose to offer their dialysis patients only the dialysis
equipment manufactured by them or their affiliates, to offer the
equipment they contractually agreed to offer or to otherwise
limit access to the equipment manufactured by competitors. With
less than 40% of United States dialysis patients cared for
by independent dialysis clinics, our market adoption, at least
within the United States, will be more constrained without the
presence of one or both of DaVita and Fresenius as customers for
our System One and In-Center products.
DaVita is our most significant customer for both of the System
One and In-Center segments. February 2007, we entered into a
national service provider agreement with DaVita that conferred
to DaVita certain market rights for the System One and related
supplies for home hemodialysis therapy. Under the agreement,
DaVita was granted exclusive rights in a small percentage of
geographies, which geographies collectively represent less than
10% of the United States ESRD patient population, and limited
exclusivity in the majority of all other United States
geographies, subject to DaVitas meeting certain
requirements, including the achievement of certain patient
numbers and training rates. The agreement further limited, but
did not prohibit, the sale by NxStage of the System One for
chronic home patient hemodialysis therapy to Fresenius. Per the
agreement, DaVita no longer has any preferred geographic market
or exclusivity rights, and as of December 31, 2009, the
initial term of our national service provider agreement with
DaVita expired. While we negotiate a new agreement with DaVita
for the home market, we continue to restrict our activities in a
limited subset of geographic markets where DaVita previously
held preferred market rights. However, we can provide no
assurance that we will enter into a new agreement with DaVita or
what the terms, including exclusivity provisions, of a new
agreement with DaVita would be. Our national service provider
agreement with DaVita contemplates ongoing sales of products
following December 31, 2009. We expect that DaVita will
continue to be our largest customer for the foreseeable future.
The change in DaVitas exclusivity rights does give us the
opportunity to expand in certain markets and with other
providers, including Fresenius. We have a low, but growing,
volume of sales to Fresenius of our System One in the home
market, and have been able to expand at certain other providers,
but we have no assurance that this will continue. It is too
early to predict what effect the change in DaVitas
exclusivity rights will have on our growth in the home market.
DaVita
is a key customer for our System One and In-Center product
lines. The partial or complete loss of DaVita as a customer
would materially impair our financial results, at least in the
near term.
DaVita is our most significant customer. Sales through
distributors to DaVita of products accounted for nearly half of
In-Center segment revenues for the year ended December 31,
2009, and direct sales to DaVita accounted for approximately 38%
of our System One segment revenues for the year ended
December 31, 2009, and half of our home hemodialysis
patients. The initial term of our national service provider
agreement with DaVita expired on December 31, 2009. We
cannot guarantee we will be able to negotiate a new agreement
with DaVita on favorable terms, if at all, or the extent to
which DaVita will purchase our products. Although we expect that
DaVita will continue to be a significant customer in the home
market, we cannot be certain that DaVita will continue to
purchase
and/or rent
the System One or add additional System One patients in the
future. Our contract for needles with DaVita, expiring in
December 2013, includes certain minimum order requirements;
however, these can be reduced significantly under certain
circumstances. Our contract for blood tubing sets with DaVita
expired in September 2009. However, in June 2009, we entered
into a five year distribution agreement in the United States
with Gambro, pursuant to which Gambro will exclusively supply
our blood tubing sets, including our ReadySet and the Streamline
product lines to DaVita. The partial or complete loss of DaVita
as a customer for any of these product lines would adversely
affect our business, at least in the near term. Further, given
the significance of DaVita as a customer, any change in
DaVitas ordering or clinical practices could have a
significant impact on our revenues, especially in the near term.
27
We
entered into a $40.0 million term loan and security
agreement with Asahi in May 2009. We are obligated to pay 50% of
the interest on the first day of November and May, beginning on
November 1, 2009, and repay the remaining interest and
principal upon maturity in May 2013. If we fail to comply with
all terms under this agreement, we may go into default, which
could trigger, among other things, the acceleration of all of
our indebtedness thereunder or the sale of our
assets.
In May 2009, we entered into a $40.0 million term loan,
with Asahi. The four year term loan bears interest at 8%
annually, payable on the first day of November and May beginning
on November 1, 2009, with 50% of the interest deferred to
maturity. The term loan is secured by substantially all of our
assets.
The term loan and security agreement includes certain
affirmative covenants including timely filings and limitations
on contingent debt obligations and sales of assets. The term
loan and security agreement also contains customary events of
default, including nonpayment, misrepresentation, breach of
covenants, material adverse effects, and bankruptcy. In the
event we fail to satisfy our covenants, or otherwise go into
default, Asahi has a number of remedies, including sale of our
assets and acceleration of all outstanding indebtedness. Any of
these remedies would likely have a material adverse effect on
our business.
We
entered into a two year Loan and Security Agreement, the
Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2010, with Silicon Valley
Bank, SVB. The terms of our Agreement may restrict our current
and future operations, which could affect our ability to respond
to changes in our business and to manage our
operations.
On March 10, 2010, we entered into an Agreement with SVB
for a $15.0 million revolving line of credit with a
maturity date of April 1, 2012. The Agreement is secured by
all or substantially all of our assets. In connection with this
Agreement, we amended our term loan and security agreement with
Asahi to provide for certain amendments, including granting to
Asahi junior liens on certain of our assets for so long as the
Agreement with SVB remains outstanding. Upon termination of all
obligations under that facility, Asahis security will
revert to a security in all assets other than cash, bank
accounts, accounts receivable, field equipment and inventory.
Borrowings under the Agreement bear interest at a floating rate
per annum equal to two percentage points (2.00%) above the prime
rate (initial prime rate of 4%). Pursuant to the Agreement, we
have agreed to certain financial covenants relating to liquidity
requirements and adjusted EBITDA, as defined in our Agreement
with SVB. The Agreement contains events of default customary for
transactions of this type, including nonpayment,
misrepresentation, breach of covenants, material adverse effect
and bankruptcy.
As of the date hereof, we do not have an outstanding balance on
the Agreement. However, were we to draw on the Agreement, in the
event we fail to satisfy our covenants, or otherwise go into
default, SVB has a number of remedies, including sale of our
assets and acceleration of all outstanding indebtedness. Certain
of these remedies would likely have a material adverse effect on
our business.
We
compete against other dialysis equipment manufacturers with much
greater financial resources and established products and
customer relationships, which may make it difficult for us to
penetrate the market and achieve significant sales of our
products. Our competitors may also introduce new products or
features that could impair the competitiveness of our own
product portfolio.
Our System One in the critical care market competes against
Gambro AB, Fresenius Medical Care AG, Baxter Healthcare, B.
Braun and others. Our System One in the home market is currently
the only system specifically indicated for use in the home
market in the United States. Our product lines in the in-center
market compete directly against products produced by Fresenius
Medical Care AG, Gambro AB, Nipro, B. Braun, Baxter Healthcare,
JMS and others. Our competitors each market one or more
FDA-cleared medical devices for the treatment of acute or
chronic kidney failure. Each of these competitors offers
products that have been in use for a longer time than our System
One, and in some instances many of our Medisystems products, and
are more widely recognized by physicians, patients and
providers. These competitors have significantly more financial
and human resources, more established sales, service and
customer support infrastructures and spend more on product
development and marketing than we do. Many of our competitors
also have established relationships with the providers of
dialysis therapy and, Fresenius owns and operates a chain of
dialysis clinics. The product lines of most of these companies
are broader than ours, enabling them to
28
offer a broader bundle of products and have established sales
forces and distribution channels that may afford them a
significant competitive advantage.
The market for our products is competitive, subject to change
and affected by new product introductions and other market
activities of industry participants, including increased
consolidation of ownership of clinics by large dialysis chains.
If we are successful, our competitors are likely to develop
products that offer features and functionality similar to our
products, including our System One. Improvements in existing
competitive products or the introduction of new competitive
products may make it more difficult for us to compete for sales,
particularly if those competitive products demonstrate better
reliability, convenience or effectiveness or are offered at
lower prices. Baxter has announced a research and development
collaboration with DEKA Research and Development Corporation and
HHD, LLC, or DEKA, and has recently indicated that it hopes to
commence clinical studies of DEKAs new home hemodialysis
system in 2010. We are unable to predict when, if ever, this
product, or products from other companies, may attain regulatory
clearance and appear in the market, or how successful they may
be should they be introduced, but if additional viable products
are introduced to the market, it would adversely affect our
sales and growth. Our ability to successfully market our
products could also be adversely affected by pharmacological and
technological advances in preventing the progression of ESRD
and/or in
the treatment of acute kidney failure or fluid overload. If we
are unable to compete effectively against existing and future
competitors and existing and future alternative treatments and
pharmacological and technological advances, it will be difficult
for us to penetrate the market and achieve significant sales of
our products.
Our
continued growth is dependent on our development and successful
commercialization of new and improved products.
Our future success will depend in part on our timely development
and introduction of new and improved products that address
changing market requirements. To the extent that we fail to
introduce new and innovative products or incremental product
improvements, we may lose revenues or market share to our
competitors, which may be difficult to regain. Our inability,
for technological or other reasons, to successfully develop and
introduce new or improved products could reduce our growth rate
or otherwise damage our business. We cannot assure you that our
developments will keep pace with the marketplace or that our new
or improved products will adequately meet the requirements of
the marketplace.
The
success and growth of our business will depend upon our ability
to achieve expanded market acceptance of our System
One.
In the home market, we have to convince four distinct
constituencies involved in the choice of dialysis therapy,
namely operators of dialysis clinics, nephrologists, dialysis
nurses and patients, that the System One provides an effective
alternative to other existing dialysis equipment. In the
in-center market, we have to convince all of these
constituencies, but to a lesser degree, patients, that our blood
tubing sets and needles provide an effective alternative to
other dialysis disposables. In the critical care market, we have
to convince hospital purchasing groups, hospitals,
nephrologists, dialysis nurses and critical care nurses that our
system provides an effective alternative to other existing
dialysis equipment. Each of these constituencies use different
considerations in reaching their decision. Lack of acceptance by
any of these constituencies will make it difficult for us to
grow our business. We may have difficulty gaining widespread or
rapid acceptance of any of our products, including the System
One, for a number of reasons including:
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the failure by us to demonstrate to operators of dialysis
clinics, hospitals, nephrologists, dialysis nurses, patients and
others that our products are equivalent or superior to existing
therapy options;
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competition from products sold by companies with longer
operating histories and greater financial resources, more
recognizable brand names and better established distribution
networks and relationships with hospitals or dialysis clinics;
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the failure by us to continue to improve product reliability and
the ease of use of our products;
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29
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limitations on the existing infrastructure in place to support
home hemodialysis, including without limitation, home
hemodialysis training nurses, and the willingness, cost
associated with, and ability of dialysis clinics to build that
infrastructure;
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the ownership and operation of some dialysis providers by
companies that also manufacture and sell competitive dialysis
products;
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the introduction of competing products or treatments that may be
more effective, easier to use or less expensive than ours;
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regulations that impose additional burden on patients and their
caregivers, such as the recently adopted Medicare conditions for
coverage which impose additional water testing requirements in
connection with the use of our PureFlow SL;
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the number of patients willing and able to perform therapy
independently, outside of a traditional dialysis clinic, may be
smaller than we estimate; and
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the availability of satisfactory reimbursement from healthcare
payors, including Medicare and any negative impact of the
bundle payment method to be implemented by CMS in
2011.
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Our
business and results of operations may be negatively impacted by
general economic and financial market conditions and such
conditions may increase other risks that affect our
business.
The worlds financial markets are currently experiencing
significant turmoil, resulting in reductions in available
credit, increased costs of credit, increased volatility in
security prices, rating downgrades of investments and reduced
valuations of securities generally. These events have materially
and adversely impacted the availability of financing to a wide
variety of businesses and the resulting uncertainty has led to
reductions in capital investments, overall spending levels and
future product plans and sales projections. In general, we
believe demand for our products in the home and in-center market
will not be substantially affected by the current market
conditions as regular dialysis is a life-sustaining,
non-elective therapy. However, revenues in the in-center market
could be impacted by changes in sales volumes and inventory
management policies of our distributors and end customers.
Finally, the impact of tightened credit markets on hospitals
could continue to impair the manner and pace in which we sell
equipment in the critical care market or delay equipment
placements. Hospitals facing pressure to reduce capital spending
may choose to rent equipment rather than purchase it outright,
or to enter into other less-capital intensive purchase
structures with us, which may, in turn, have a negative impact
on our cash flows.
Current
Medicare reimbursement rates, at three times per week, limit the
price at which we can market our home products, and adverse
changes to reimbursement would likely negatively affect the
adoption or continued sale of our home products.
Our ability to attain profitability will be driven in part by
our ability to set or maintain adequate pricing for our
products. As a result of legislation passed by the United States
Congress more than 30 years ago, Medicare provides broad
and well-established reimbursement in the United States for
ESRD. With approximately 75% of United States ESRD patients
covered by Medicare, the reimbursement rate is an important
factor in a potential customers decision to use the System
One or our other products and limits the fee for which we can
rent or sell our products. Additionally, current CMS rules limit
the number of hemodialysis treatments paid for by Medicare to
three times a week, unless there is medical justification
provided by the patients physician for additional
treatments. Most patients using the System One in the home treat
themselves, with the help of a partner, up to six times per
week. To the extent that Medicare contractors elect not to pay
for the additional treatments, adoption of the System One would
likely be impaired. The determination of medical justification
must be made at the local Medicare contractor level on a
case-by-case
basis, based on documentation provided by our customers. If
daily therapy is prescribed, a clinics decision as to how
much it is willing to spend on dialysis equipment and services
will be at least partly dependent on whether Medicare will
reimburse more than three treatments per week for the
clinics patients. Medicare is switching from
intermediaries to Medicare authorized contractors. This change
in the reviewing entity for Medicare claims
30
could lead to a change in whether a customer receives Medicare
reimbursement for additional treatments. If an adverse change to
historical payment practices occurs, market adoption of our
System One in the home market may be impaired. We understand
that a number of our customers are unable to obtain additional
reimbursement for more frequent therapy, and that there are
increased administrative burdens associated with articulating
the medical justification for treatments beyond three times a
week. Both of these factors will likely negatively impact the
rate and extent of any further market expansion of our System
One for home hemodialysis. Expanding Medicare reimbursement over
time to more predictably cover more frequent therapy, with less
administrative burden for our customers, may be critical to our
ability to significantly expand the market penetration of the
System One in the home market and to our revenue growth in the
future. Additionally, any adverse changes in the rate paid by
Medicare for ESRD treatments in general would likely negatively
affect demand for our products in the home market and the prices
we charge for them. As a result of 2008 MIPPA legislation, CMS
has announced that, in 2011, it will implement a new
bundled payment for dialysis treatment. Proposed
rules have been released by CMS and the public comment period
concluded on December 16, 2009. Final rules will likely be
published in 2010. It is not possible at this time to determine
what impact this will have on the adoption of home
and/or daily
hemodialysis or the price for which we can sell our products.
As our
business continues to grow, we may have difficulty managing our
growth and expanding our operations successfully.
As the commercial launch of the System One and Streamline
continues, we will need to expand our manufacturing, sales and
marketing and on-going development capabilities or contract with
other organizations to provide these capabilities for us. As our
operations expand, we expect that we will need to manage
additional relationships with various partners, suppliers,
manufacturers and other organizations. Our ability to manage our
operations and growth requires us to continue to improve our
information technology infrastructure, operational, financial
and management controls and reporting systems and procedures.
Such growth could place a strain on our administrative and
operational infrastructure. We may not be able to make
improvements to our management information and control systems
in an efficient or timely manner and may discover deficiencies
in existing systems and controls.
If we
are unable to improve the reliability of our System One product
or maintain strong product reliability for our other products,
our ability to maintain or grow our business and achieve
profitability could be impaired.
We have not yet achieved our long term reliability objectives
for our System One and PureFlow SL hardware, and as a result we
continue to incur increased service and distribution costs.
This, in turn, negatively impacts our gross margins and
increased our working capital requirements. Additionally,
product reliability issues associated with any of our product
lines could lead to decreases in customer satisfaction and our
ability to grow or maintain our revenues and could negatively
impact our reputation. We continue to work to improve product
reliability for all products, and have achieved some
improvements to date. If we are unable to continue to improve
product reliability of our System One, PureFlow SL products and
Streamline products, our ability to achieve our growth
objectives as well as profitability could be significantly
impaired.
We
have a significant amount of System One field equipment, and our
ability to effectively manage this asset could negatively impact
our working capital requirements and future
profitability.
Because a significant percentage of our System One home care
business continues to rely upon an equipment and service rental
model, our ability to manage System One equipment is important
to minimizing our working capital requirements. In addition, our
gross margins may be negatively impacted if we have excess
equipment deployed, and unused, in the field. If we are unable
to successfully track, service and redeploy equipment, we could
(1) incur increased costs, (2) realize increased cash
requirements
and/or
(3) have material write-offs of equipment. This would
negatively impact our working capital requirements and future
profitability.
31
If
kidney transplantation becomes a viable treatment option for
more patients with ESRD, or if medical or other solutions for
renal replacement become viable, the market for our products may
be limited.
While kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for most
ESRD patients, it is not currently a viable treatment for most-
patients due to the limited number of donor kidneys, the high
incidence of kidney transplant rejection and the higher surgical
risk associated with older ESRD patients. According to USRDS
data, in 2007, approximately 17,500 patients received
kidney transplants in the United States. The development of new
medications designed to reduce the incidence of kidney
transplant rejection, progress in using kidneys harvested from
genetically engineered animals as a source of transplants or any
other advances in kidney transplantation could limit the market
for our products. The development of viable medical or other
solutions for renal replacement may also limit the market for
our products.
If we
are unable to convince additional hospitals and healthcare
providers of the benefits of our products for the treatment of
acute kidney failure and fluid overload, we will not be
successful in increasing our market share in the critical care
market.
We sell the System One in the critical care market for use in
the treatment of acute kidney failure and fluid overload
associated with, among other conditions, congestive heart
failure. Physicians currently treat most acute kidney failure
patients using conventional hemodialysis systems or dialysis
systems designed specifically for use in the intensive care
unit, or ICU. We will need to convince hospitals and healthcare
providers that using the System One is as effective as using
conventional hemodialysis systems or ICU-specific dialysis
systems for treating acute kidney failure and that it provides
advantages over conventional systems or other ICU-specific
systems because of its significantly smaller size, ease of
operation and clinical flexibility. In addition, the impact of
tightened credit markets on hospitals could impair the manner in
which we sell products in the critical care market. Hospitals
facing pressure to reduce capital spending may choose to delay
capital equipment purchases or seek alternative financing
options. One of our competitors in the critical care market,
Gambro AB, had been subject to an FDA import hold that was
lifted in late 2007. Since the import hold has lifted,
competition from Gambro has increased, which could impair our
performance in the future in the critical care market.
We
could be subject to costly and damaging product and professional
liability claims and may not be able to maintain sufficient
liability insurance to cover claims against us.
If any of our employees or products is found to have caused or
contributed to injuries or deaths, we could be held liable for
substantial damages. Claims of this nature may also adversely
affect our reputation, which could damage our position in the
market. While we maintain insurance, including professional
liability, product and excess liability claims may be brought
against us that could result in court judgments or settlements
in amounts that are in excess of the limits of our insurance
coverage. In addition, due to the recent tightening of global
credit and the disruption in the financial markets, there may be
a disruption in our insurance coverage or delay or disruption in
the payment of claims by our insurance providers. Our insurance
policies also have various exclusions, and we may be subject to
a product or professional liability claim for which we have no
coverage. We will have to pay any amounts awarded by a court or
negotiated in a settlement that exceed our coverage limitations
or that are not covered by our insurance.
Any product liability or professional liability claim brought
against us, with or without merit, could result in the increase
of our product liability or professional liability insurance
rates, respectively, or the inability to secure additional
insurance coverage in the future. A product liability claim,
whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming, distracting
and expensive to defend and could result in a diversion of
management and financial resources away from our primary
business, in which case our business may suffer.
We
maintain insurance at levels deemed adequate by management;
however, future claims could exceed our applicable insurance
coverage.
We maintain insurance for property and general liability,
directors and officers liability, product liability,
workers compensation, and other coverage in amounts and on terms
deemed adequate by management based
32
on our expectations for future claims. Future claims could,
however, exceed our applicable insurance coverage, or our
coverage could not cover the applicable claims.
We
face risks associated with having international manufacturing
operations, and if we are unable to manage these risks
effectively, our business could suffer.
We operate manufacturing facilities in Germany, Italy and
Mexico. We also purchase components and supplies from foreign
vendors. We are subject to a number of risks and challenges that
specifically relate to these international operations, and we
may not be successful if we are unable to meet and overcome
these challenges. Significant among these risks are risks
relating to foreign currency, in particular the Euro, Peso and
Thai Baht. To the extent we fail to control our exchange rate
risk, our profitability could suffer and our ability to maintain
mutually beneficial and profitable relationships with foreign
vendors could be impaired. In addition to these risks, through
our international operations, we are exposed to costs associated
with sourcing and shipping goods internationally, difficulty
managing operations in multiple locations, local regulations
that may restrict or impair our ability to conduct our
operations, and health issues, such as pandemic disease risk
including the swine flu virus, which could disrupt our
manufacturing and logistical and import activities.
We
currently rely upon Kawasumi, a third-party manufacturer, to
manufacture a significant percentage of our blood tubing set
products using our supplied components and all of our needles.
Kawasumis contractual obligation to manufacture blood
tubing sets expires in January 2011, with opportunities for
extension, and its obligation to supply needles expires in
February 2011, with opportunities to extend the term beyond that
date. In the event these agreements are not renewed or extended
upon favorable terms, if at all, or in the event we are unable
to sufficiently expand our manufacturing capabilities, or obtain
alternative third party supply prior to the expiration of these
agreements, our growth and ability to meet customer demand would
be impaired.
Historically, we have relied upon a third-party manufacturer,
Kawasumi, to manufacture a significant percentage of our blood
tubing set products using our supplied components. Kawasumi has
a strong history of manufacturing high-quality product for us.
In May 2008, we negotiated a new agreement with Kawasumi with an
initial term that extended their obligation to supply blood
tubing sets to us through January 31, 2010. The agreement
was later extended through January 2011, with further
opportunities for extension. We cannot be certain that after the
expiration of this agreement we would be able to manufacture
independently the volume of products currently manufactured by
Kawasumi, and therefore, whether we would have sufficient
capacity to meet all of our customer demand, that we would be
able to manufacture products at the same cost at which we
currently purchase products from Kawasumi or that we could find
a third party to supply blood tubing sets on favorable terms, if
at all, the failure of any of which could impair our business.
We also depend solely on Kawasumi for all of our finished goods
needles. Kawasumis obligation to supply needles to us
expires in February 2011, with opportunities to extend the term
beyond that date. In the event this agreement is not renewed or
extended on favorable terms, if at all, and we are unable to
manufacture comparable needles for ourselves prior to the
contract expiration, or if we are unable to obtain comparable
needles from another third party on favorable terms, if at all,
the revenues and profitability of our business will be impaired.
Our
In-Center segment relies heavily upon third-party
distributors.
We sell the majority of our In-Center products through
distributors, which collectively accounted for substantially all
of In-Center revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009,
with our primary distributor, Henry Schein, accounting for
approximately 66% of In-Center revenues for the year ended
December 31, 2009. Our distribution agreement with Henry
Schein, originally scheduled to expire in July 2009, has been
extended on a non exclusive basis while the parties seek to
negotiate a new agreement. There is, however no assurance that a
new agreement will be signed on favorable terms, if at all. In
June 2009, we entered into a five year distribution agreement in
the United States with Gambro, pursuant to which Gambro will
exclusively supply our blood tubing sets, including our ReadySet
and the Streamline product lines, to DaVita. During the third
quarter of 2009 we began selling blood tubing sets to Gambro.
Sales to Gambro represented approximately 14% of our In-Center
segment revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009. The
loss of
33
Gambro or Henry Schein as our distributors for any reason could
materially adversely affect our business, at least in the near
term.
Unless
we can demonstrate sufficient product differentiation in our
blood tubing set business through Streamline or products that we
introduce in the future, we will continue to be susceptible to
further pressures to reduce product pricing and more vulnerable
to the loss of our blood tubing set business to competitors in
the dialysis industry.
Our blood tubing set business has historically been a
commodities business. Prior to the Medisystems Acquisition,
Medisystems competed favorably and gained share through the
development of a high quality, low-cost, standardized blood
tubing set, which could be used on several different dialysis
machines. Our products continue to compete favorably in the
dialysis blood tubing set business, but are increasingly subject
to pricing pressures, especially given recent market
consolidation in the United States dialysis services industry,
with Fresenius and DaVita collectively controlling approximately
60% of United States dialysis services business. Unless we can
successfully demonstrate to customers the differentiating
features of the Streamline product or products that we introduce
in the future, we may be susceptible to further pressures to
reduce our product pricing and more vulnerable to the loss of
our blood tubing set business to competitors in the dialysis
industry.
The
activities of our business involve the import of finished goods
into the United States from foreign countries, subject to
customs inspections and duties, and the export of components and
certain other products from other countries into Germany, Mexico
and Thailand. If we misinterpret or violate these laws, or if
laws governing our exemption from certain duties change, we
could be subject to significant fines, liabilities or other
adverse consequences.
We import into the United States disposable medical supplies
from Germany, Thailand and Mexico. We also import into the
United States disposable medical components from China, Germany
and Italy and export components and assemblies into Mexico,
Thailand and Italy. The import and export of these items are
subject to extensive laws and regulations with which we will
need to comply. To the extent we fail to comply with these laws
or regulations, or fail to interpret our obligations accurately,
we may be subject to significant fines, liabilities and a
disruption to our ability to deliver product, which could cause
our combined businesses and operating results to suffer. To the
extent there are modifications to the Generalised System of
Preferences or cancellation of the Nairobi Protocol
Classification such that our products would be subject to
duties, our profitability would also be negatively impacted.
Pandemics, could also impair our ability to import or export
goods internationally.
The
success of our business depends on the services of each of our
senior executives as well as certain key engineering,
scientific, manufacturing, clinical and marketing personnel, the
loss of whom could negatively affect the combined
businesses.
Our success has always depended upon the skills, experience and
efforts of our senior executives and other key personnel,
including our research and development and manufacturing
executives and managers. Much of our expertise is concentrated
in relatively few employees, the loss of whom for any reason
could negatively affect our business. Competition for our highly
skilled employees is intense and we cannot prevent the future
resignation of any employee. We maintain key person insurance
for only one of our executives, Jeffrey Burbank, our President
and Chief Executive Officer.
We
have filed a resale registration statement covering shares of
our common stock that we recently sold in a private placement.
If the holders of these shares are unable to sell the shares
under the registration statement, we may be obligated to pay
them damages, which could harm our financial
condition.
In 2008, we sold an aggregate of 9,555,556 shares of our
common stock and warrants to purchase an additional
1,911,111 shares of our common stock in a private
placement. We were required to register the common stock and the
common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, which we did on
August 8, 2008. If the holders of the shares or the
accompanying warrant
34
shares are unable to sell such shares or warrant shares under
the registration statement for more than 30 days in any
365 day period after the effectiveness of the registration
statement, we may be obligated to pay damages equal to up to 1%
of the share purchase price per month that the registration
statement is not effective and the investors are unable to sell
their shares.
Risks
Related to the Regulatory Environment
We are
subject to significant regulation, primarily by the FDA. We
cannot market or commercially distribute our products without
obtaining and maintaining necessary regulatory clearances or
approvals.
Our products are medical devices subject to extensive regulation
in the United States, and in foreign markets we may wish to
enter. To market a medical device in the United States, approval
or clearance by the FDA is required, either through the
pre-market approval process or the 510(k) clearance process. We
have obtained the FDA clearances necessary to sell our current
products under the 510(k) clearance process. Medical devices may
only be promoted and sold for the indications for which they are
approved or cleared. In addition, even if the FDA has approved
or cleared a product, it can take action affecting such product
approvals or clearances if serious safety or other problems
develop in the marketplace. We may be required to obtain 510(k)
clearances or pre-market approvals for additional products,
product modifications, or for new indications for our products.
Presently, we are pursuing a nocturnal indication for the System
One under an IDE study started in the first quarter of 2008. We
recently completed the IDE study and have submitted the
associated 510(k). We cannot provide assurance that this or
other clearances or approvals will be forthcoming, or, if
forthcoming, what the timing and expense of obtaining such
clearances or approvals might be. Delays in obtaining clearances
or approvals could adversely affect our ability to introduce new
products or modifications to our existing products in a timely
manner, which would delay or prevent commercial sales of our
products. Although the 510k regulation has not changed, it is
under review and based on comments made by FDA in public forums,
changes are likely. In the mean time, it should be expected that
the requirements to demonstrate substantial equivalence, in
order to support a 510k clearance, will be more comprehensive.
Modifications
to our marketed devices may require new regulatory clearances or
pre-market approvals, or may require us to cease marketing or
recall the modified devices until clearances or approvals are
obtained.
Any modifications to a 510(k) cleared device that could
significantly affect its safety or effectiveness, or would
constitute a major change in its intended use, requires the
submission of another 510(k) pre-market notification to address
the change. Although in the first instance we may determine that
a change does not rise to a level of significance that would
require us to make a pre-market notification submission, the FDA
may disagree with us and can require us to submit a 510(k) for a
significant change in the labeling, technology, performance
specifications or materials or major change or modification in
intended use, despite a documented rationale for not submitting
a pre-market notification. We have modified various aspects of
our products and have filed and received clearance from the FDA
with respect to some of the changes in the design of our
products. If the FDA requires us to submit a 510(k) for any
modification to a previously cleared device, or in the future a
device that has received 510(k) clearance, we may be required to
cease marketing the device, recall it, and not resume marketing
until we obtain clearance from the FDA for the modified version
of the device. Also, we may be subject to regulatory fines,
penalties
and/or other
sanctions authorized by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic
Act. In the future, we intend to introduce new products and
enhancements and improvements to existing products. We cannot
provide assurance that the FDA will clear any new product or
product changes for marketing or what the timing of such
clearances might be. In addition, new products or significantly
modified marketed products could be found to be not
substantially equivalent and classified as products requiring
the FDAs approval of a pre-market approval application, or
PMA, before commercial distribution would be permissible. PMAs
usually require substantially more data than 510(k) submissions
and their review and approval or denial typically takes
significantly longer than a 510(k) decision of substantial
equivalence. Also, PMA products require approval supplements for
any change that affects safety and effectiveness before the
modified device may be marketed. Delays in our receipt of
regulatory clearance or
35
approval will cause delays in our ability to sell our products,
which will have a negative effect on our revenues growth.
Even
if we obtain the necessary FDA clearances or approvals, if we or
our suppliers fail to comply with ongoing regulatory
requirements our products could be subject to restrictions or
withdrawal from the market.
We are subject to the Medical Device Reporting, or MDR,
regulations that require us to report to the FDA if our products
may have caused or contributed to patient death or serious
injury, or if our device malfunctions and a recurrence of the
malfunction would likely result in a death or serious injury. We
must also file reports of device corrections and removals and
adhere to the FDAs rules on labeling and promotion. Our
failure to comply with these or other applicable regulatory
requirements could result in enforcement action by the FDA,
which may include any of the following:
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untitled letters, warning letters, fines, injunctions and civil
penalties;
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administrative detention, which is the detention by the FDA of
medical devices believed to be adulterated or misbranded;
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customer notification, or orders for repair, replacement or
refund;
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voluntary or mandatory recall or seizure of our products;
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operating restrictions, partial suspension or total shutdown of
production;
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refusal to review pre-market notification or pre-market approval
submissions;
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rescission of a substantial equivalence order or suspension or
withdrawal of a pre-market approval; and
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criminal prosecution.
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Our
products are subject to market withdrawals or product recalls
after receiving FDA clearance or approval, and market
withdrawals and product recalls could cause the price of our
stock to decline and expose us to product liability or other
claims or could otherwise harm our reputation and financial
results.
Medical devices can experience performance problems in the field
that require review and possible corrective action by us or the
product manufacturer. We cannot provide assurance that component
failures, manufacturing errors, design defects
and/or
labeling inadequacies, which could result in an unsafe condition
or injury to the operator or the patient will not occur. These
could lead to a government mandated or voluntary recall by us.
The FDA has the authority to require the recall of our products
in the event a product presents a reasonable probability that it
would cause serious adverse health consequences or death.
Similar regulatory agencies in other countries have similar
authority to recall devices because of material deficiencies or
defects in design or manufacture that could endanger health. We
believe that the FDA would request that we initiate a voluntary
recall if a product was defective or presented a risk of injury
or gross deception. Any recall would divert management attention
and financial resources, could cause the price of our stock to
decline and expose us to product liability or other claims and
harm our reputation with customers.
If we
or our contract manufacturers fail to comply with FDAs
Quality System Regulations, our manufacturing operations could
be interrupted, and our product sales and operating results
could suffer.
Our finished goods manufacturing processes, and those of some of
our contract manufacturers, are required to comply with the
FDAs Quality System Regulations, or QSRs, which cover the
procedures and documentation of the design, testing, production,
control, quality assurance, labeling, packaging, sterilization,
storage and shipping of our devices. The FDA enforces its QSRs
through periodic unannounced inspections of manufacturing
facilities. We and our contract manufacturers have been, and
anticipate in the future being, subject to such inspections. Our
Corporate office located in Lawrence, Massachusetts
U.S. has previously had three FDA QSR inspections. The
first resulted in one observation, which was rectified during
the inspection
36
and required no further response from us. Our last two
inspections, including our most recent inspection in March 2006,
resulted in no observations. Medisystems has been inspected by
the FDA on eight occasions, and all inspections resulted in no
action indicated. We cannot provide assurance that we can
maintain a comparable level of regulatory compliance in the
future at our facilities.
We cannot provide assurance that any future inspections would
have the same result. If one of our manufacturing facilities or
those of any of our contract manufacturers fails to take
satisfactory corrective action in response to an adverse QSR
inspection, the FDA could take enforcement action, including
issuing a public warning letter, shutting down our manufacturing
operations, embargoing the import of components from outside of
the United States, recalling our products, refusing to approve
new marketing applications, instituting legal proceedings to
detain or seize products or imposing civil or criminal penalties
or other sanctions, any of which could cause our business and
operating results to suffer.
Healthcare
reform legislation could adversely affect our revenue and
financial condition.
In recent years, there have been numerous initiatives on the
federal and state levels for comprehensive reforms affecting the
payment for, the availability of and reimbursement for
healthcare services in the United States. These initiatives
have ranged from proposals to fundamentally change federal and
state healthcare reimbursement programs, including providing
comprehensive healthcare coverage to the public under
governmental funded programs, to minor modifications to existing
programs. Recently, President Obama and members of Congress have
proposed significant reforms to the U.S. healthcare system.
Both the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives have
conducted hearings about U.S. healthcare reform and a
number of bills have been proposed in Congress. A leading
proposal includes an excise tax on the medical device industry
that would be payable based on revenue, not income. In addition,
recent legislation and many of these proposed bills include
funding to assess the comparative effectiveness of medical
devices. It is unclear what impact the excise tax proposal or
the comparative effectiveness analysis would have on our
financial results. The ultimate content or timing of any future
healthcare reform legislation, and its impact on medical device
companies such as us, is impossible to predict, although the
impact should be less than what may be seen in other healthcare
contexts due to the fact that the vast majority of ESRD patients
already are covered under a federal health care program. If
significant reforms are made to the healthcare system in the
United States, or in other jurisdictions, those reforms may have
a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results
of operations.
Failure
to obtain regulatory approval in foreign jurisdictions would
prevent us from marketing our products outside the United
States.
Historically, we have not sold or marketed the System One
outside the United States and Canada. In May 2009, we announced
our first international distribution agreement for the System
One with Kimal, granting Kimal distribution rights for the
System One as well as Streamline and ButtonHole needles in the
United Kingdom and Ireland. In February 2010, we announced
another international distribution agreement for the System One
with Nordic Medcom, granting Nordic Medcom distribution rights
for the System One as well as Streamline and ButtonHole needles
in Finland, Sweden and Denmark. We are currently assessing other
international markets for the System One as well. Our In-Center
products are presently sold in the United States as well as in
several other countries, through distributors. We presently have
CE marking as well as Canadian regulatory authority to sell our
System One as well as certain other products in Canada and
Europe. However, in order to market directly our products in
other foreign jurisdictions, we must obtain separate regulatory
approvals and comply with numerous and varying regulatory
requirements. The approval procedure varies from country to
country and can involve additional testing. The time required to
obtain approval abroad may be longer than the time required to
obtain FDA clearance. The foreign regulatory approval process
includes many of the risks associated with obtaining FDA
clearance and we may not obtain foreign regulatory approvals on
a timely basis, if at all. FDA clearance does not ensure
approval by regulatory authorities in other countries, and
approval by one foreign regulatory authority does not ensure
approval by regulatory authorities in other foreign countries.
We may not be able to file for regulatory approvals and may not
receive necessary approvals to commercialize our products in any
market outside the United States, which
37
could negatively affect our overall market penetration.
Additionally, any loss of foreign regulatory approvals, for any
reason, could negatively affect our business.
We
have obligations under our contracts with dialysis clinics and
hospitals to protect the privacy of patient health
information.
In the course of performing our business we obtain, from time to
time, confidential patient health information. For example, we
learn patient names and addresses when we ship our System One
supplies to home hemodialysis patients. We may learn patient
names and be exposed to confidential patient health information
when we provide training on our products to our customers
staff. Our home hemodialysis patients may also call our customer
service representatives directly and, during the call, disclose
confidential patient health information. United States Federal
and state laws protect the confidentiality of certain patient
health information, in particular individually identifiable
information, and restrict the use and disclosure of that
information. At the federal level, the Department of Health and
Human Services promulgated health information and privacy and
security rules under the Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act of 1996, or HIPAA. At this time, we are not a
HIPAA covered entity and consequently are not directly subject
to HIPAA. However, we have entered into several business
associate agreements with covered entities that contain
commitments to protect the privacy and security of
patients health information and, in some instances,
require that we indemnify the covered entity for any claim,
liability, damage, cost or expense arising out of or in
connection with a breach of the agreement by us. If we were to
violate one of these agreements, we could lose customers and be
exposed to liability
and/or our
reputation and business could be harmed. In addition, conduct by
a person that is not a covered entity could potentially be
prosecuted under aiding and abetting or conspiracy laws if there
is an improper disclosure or misuse of patient information.
Many state laws apply to the use and disclosure of health
information, which could affect the manner in which we conduct
our business. Such laws are not necessarily preempted by HIPAA,
in particular those laws that afford greater protection to the
individual than does HIPAA. Such state laws typically have their
own penalty provisions, which could be applied in the event of
an unlawful action affecting health information.
We are
subject to federal and state laws prohibiting
kickbacks and false and fraudulent claims which, if
violated, could subject us to substantial penalties.
Additionally, any challenges to or investigation into our
practices under these laws could cause adverse publicity and be
costly to respond to, and thus could harm our
business.
The Medicare/Medicaid anti-kickback laws, and several similar
state laws, prohibit payments that are intended to induce
physicians or others either to refer patients or to acquire or
arrange for or recommend the acquisition of healthcare products
or services. In addition, several states require us to report
and disclose the value, nature, purpose and particular recipient
of any fee, payment, subsidy or economic benefit which we may
from time to time provide to certain physicians or health care
providers. These laws affect our sales, marketing and other
promotional activities by limiting the kinds of financial
arrangements, including sales programs; we may have with
hospitals, physicians or other potential purchasers or users of
medical devices. They also impose additional administrative and
compliance burdens on us. In particular, these laws influence,
among other things, how we structure our sales and rental
offerings, including discount practices, customer support,
education and training programs and physician consulting and
other service arrangements. Although we seek to structure such
arrangements in compliance with applicable requirements, these
laws are broadly written, and it is often difficult to determine
precisely how these laws will be applied in specific
circumstances. If one of our sales representatives were to offer
an inappropriate inducement to purchase our products to a
customer, we could be subject to a claim under the
Medicare/Medicaid anti-kickback laws or similar state laws. If
we fail to comply with particular reporting requirements, we
could be subject to penalties under applicable state
anti-kickback laws, or healthcare provider sunshine laws.
Other federal and state laws generally prohibit individuals or
entities from knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented,
claims for payments from Medicare, Medicaid or other third-party
payors that are false or fraudulent, or for items or services
that were not provided as claimed. Although we do not submit
claims directly to payors, manufacturers can be held liable
under these laws if they are deemed to cause the
38
submission of false or fraudulent claims by providing inaccurate
billing or coding information to customers, or through certain
other activities. In providing billing and coding information to
customers, we make every effort to ensure that the billing and
coding information furnished is accurate and that treating
physicians understand that they are responsible for all billing
and prescribing decisions, including the decision as to whether
to order dialysis services more frequently than three times per
week. Nevertheless, we cannot provide assurance that the
government will regard any billing errors that may be made as
inadvertent or that the government will not examine our role in
providing information to our customers concerning the benefits
of daily therapy. Anti-kickback and false claims laws prescribe
civil, criminal and administrative penalties for noncompliance,
which can be substantial. Moreover, an unsuccessful challenge or
investigation into our practices could cause adverse publicity,
and be costly to respond to, and thus could harm our business
and results of operations.
Foreign
governments tend to impose strict price controls, which may
adversely affect our future profitability.
To date, our marketing efforts have been confined nearly
exclusively to the United States. We have had limited activities
in Canada with our System One, and in certain other
jurisdictions with our In-Center products sold through
distributors. In May 2009, we announced an international
distribution agreement with Kimal, whereby we would commence
promotion and sales of our System One, as well as Streamline and
ButtonHole needles, in the United Kingdom and Ireland. In
February 2010, we announced an international distribution
agreement with Nordic Medcom, whereby we would commence
promotion and sales of our System One, as well as Streamline and
ButtonHole needles, in Finland, Sweden and Denmark. We may, in
the future, seek to market our products in other markets. In
some foreign countries, particularly in the European Union, the
pricing of medical devices is subject to governmental control.
In these countries, pricing negotiations with governmental
authorities can take considerable time after the receipt of
marketing approval for a product. To obtain reimbursement or
pricing approval in some countries, we may be required to supply
data that compares the cost-effectiveness of our products to
other available therapies. If reimbursement of our products is
unavailable or limited in scope or amount, or if pricing is set
at unsatisfactory levels, it may not be profitable to sell our
products outside of the United States, which would negatively
affect the long-term growth of our business. Further,
reimbursement provided to our products in other jurisdictions
could change, positively or negatively. In the event
reimbursements were to be negatively changed, such as, for
example, in the United Kingdom, our ability to sell our products
could be impaired.
Failure
to comply with the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
could subject us to penalties and other adverse
consequences.
We are subject to the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices
Act which generally prohibits United States companies from
engaging in bribery or other prohibited payments to foreign
officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business and
requires companies to maintain accurate books and records and
internal controls, including at foreign controlled subsidiaries.
While we have policies and procedures in place to prevent
noncompliance, we can make no assurance that our employees or
other agents will not engage in prohibited conduct under the
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act for which we might be held
responsible. If our employees or other agents are found to have
engaged in such practices, we could suffer severe penalties and
other consequences that may have a material adverse effect on
our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our
business activities involve the use of hazardous materials,
which require compliance with environmental and occupational
safety laws regulating the use of such materials. If we violate
these laws, we could be subject to significant fines,
liabilities or other adverse consequences.
Our research and development programs as well as our
manufacturing operations involve the controlled use of hazardous
materials. Accordingly, we are subject to federal, state and
local laws governing the use, handling and disposal of these
materials. Although we believe that our safety procedures for
handling and disposing of these materials comply in all material
respects with the standards prescribed by state and federal
39
regulations, we cannot completely eliminate the risk of
accidental contamination or injury from these materials. In the
event of an accident or failure to comply with environmental
laws, we could be held liable for resulting damages, and any
such liability could exceed our insurance coverage.
Risks
Related to Operations
We
obtain some of our raw materials or components from a single
source or a limited group of suppliers. We also obtain
sterilization services from a single supplier. The partial or
complete loss of one of these suppliers could cause significant
production delays, an inability to meet customer demand and a
substantial loss in revenues.
We depend on a number of single-source suppliers for some of the
raw materials and components we use in our products. We also
obtain sterilization services from a single supplier. Membrana
GmbH is our sole supplier of the fiber used in our filters for
System One products. Kawasumi is our only supplier of needles.
We also obtain certain other products and components from other
single source suppliers or a limited group of suppliers. Our
dependence on single source suppliers of components,
subassemblies and finished goods exposes us to several risks,
including disruptions in supply, price increases, late
deliveries, and an inability to meet customer demand. This could
lead to customer dissatisfaction, damage to our reputation, or
customers switching to competitive products. Any interruption in
supply could be particularly damaging to our customers using the
System One to treat chronic ESRD and who need access to the
System One and related disposables.
Finding alternative sources for these components and
subassemblies would be difficult in many cases and may entail a
significant amount of time and disruption. In the case of
Membrana, for fiber, we are contractually prevented from
obtaining an alternative source of supply for our System One
products. In the case of other suppliers, we would need to
change the components or subassemblies if we sourced them from
an alternative supplier. This, in turn, could require a redesign
of our System One or other products and, potentially, further
FDA clearance or approval of any modification, thereby causing
further costs and delays.
Resin
is a key input material to the manufacture of our products and
System One cartridge. Oil prices affect both the pricing and
availability of this material. Escalation of oil prices could
affect our ability to obtain sufficient supply of resin at the
prices we need to manufacture our products at current rates of
profitability.
We currently source resin from a small number of suppliers.
Rising oil prices over the last several years have resulted in
significant price increases for this material. We cannot
guarantee that prices will not continue to increase. Our
contracts with customers restrict our ability to immediately
pass on these price increases, and we cannot guarantee that
future pricing to customers will be sufficient to accommodate
increasing input costs.
Distribution
costs represent a significant percentage of our overall costs,
and these costs are dependent upon fuel prices. Increases in
fuel prices could lead to increases in our distribution costs,
which, in turn, could impair our ability to achieve
profitability.
We currently incur significant inbound and outbound distribution
costs. Our distribution costs are dependent upon fuel prices.
Increases in fuel prices could lead to increases in our
distribution costs, which could impair our ability to achieve
profitability.
We
have labor agreements with our production employees in Italy and
in Mexico. We cannot guarantee that we will not in the future
face strikes, work stoppages, work slowdowns, grievances,
complaints, claims of unfair labor practices, other collective
bargaining disputes or in Italy, anti-union behavior, that may
cause production delays and negatively impact our ability to
deliver our products on a timely basis.
Our wholly-owned subsidiary in Italy has a national labor
contract with Contratto collettivo nazionale di lavoro per gli
addetti allindustria della gomma cavi elettrici ed affini
e allindustria delle materie plastiche, and our
wholly-owned subsidiary in Mexico has entered into a collective
bargaining agreement with a Union named Mexico Moderno de
Trabajadores de la Baja California C.R.O.C. We have not to date
experienced strikes, work stoppages, work slowdowns, grievances,
complaints, claims of unfair labor practices, other
40
collective bargaining disputes, or in Italy, anti-union
behavior, however we cannot guarantee that we will not be
subject to such activity in the future. Any such activity would
likely cause production delays, and negatively affect our
ability to deliver our production commitments to customers,
which could adversely affect our reputation and cause our
combined businesses and operating results to suffer.
Additionally, some of our key single source suppliers have labor
agreements. We cannot guarantee that we will not have future
disruptions, which could adversely affect our reputation and
cause our business and operating results to suffer.
We do
not have long-term supply contracts with many of our third-party
suppliers.
We purchase raw materials and components from third-party
suppliers, including some single source suppliers, through
purchase orders and do not have long-term supply contracts with
many of these third-party suppliers. Many of our third-party
suppliers, therefore, are not obligated to perform services or
supply products for any specific period, in any specific
quantity or at any specific price, except as may be provided in
a particular purchase order. We do not maintain large volumes of
inventory from most of our suppliers. If we inaccurately
forecast demand for finished goods, our ability to meet customer
demand could be delayed and our competitive position and
reputation could be harmed. In addition, if we fail to
effectively manage our relationships with these suppliers, we
may be required to change suppliers, which would be time
consuming and disruptive and could lead to disruptions in
product supply, which could permanently impair our customer base
and reputation.
Certain
of our products are recently developed and we have recently
transitioned the manufacturing of certain of these products to
new locations. We, and certain of our third-party manufacturers,
have limited manufacturing experience with these
products.
We continue to develop new products and make improvements to
existing products. As such, we and certain of our third-party
manufacturers, have limited manufacturing experience with
certain of our products. We are, therefore, more exposed to
risks relating to product quality and reliability until the
manufacturing processes for these new products mature.
Risks
Related to Intellectual Property
If we
are unable to protect our intellectual property and prevent its
use by third parties, we will lose a significant competitive
advantage.
We rely on patent protection, as well as a combination of
copyright, trade secret and trademark laws to protect our
proprietary technology and prevent others from duplicating our
products. However, these means may afford only limited
protection and may not:
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prevent our competitors from duplicating our products;
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prevent our competitors from gaining access to our proprietary
information and technology; or
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permit us to gain or maintain a competitive advantage.
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Any of our patents, including those we license, may be
challenged, invalidated, circumvented or rendered unenforceable.
We cannot provide assurance that we will be successful should
one or more of our patents be challenged for any reason. If our
patent claims are rendered invalid or unenforceable, or narrowed
in scope, the patent coverage afforded our products could be
impaired, which could make our products less competitive.
As of December 31, 2009, we had 44 pending patent
applications, including foreign, international and
U.S. applications, and 44 U.S. and international
issued patents plus 1 European Union, or EU, industrial design
registraion. Under our license agreement with DSU Medical
Corporation, we also license approximately 30 pending
patent applications, including foreign, international and
U.S. applications, and approximately 98 U.S. and
international issued patents. We cannot specify which of these
patents individually or as a group will permit us to gain or
maintain a competitive advantage. We cannot provide assurance
that any pending or future patent applications we hold will
result in an issued patent or that if patents are issued to us,
that such patents will provide meaningful protection against
competitors or against competitive technologies. The
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issuance of a patent is not conclusive as to its validity or
enforceability. The United States federal courts or equivalent
national courts or patent offices elsewhere may invalidate our
patents or find them unenforceable. Competitors may also be able
to design around our patents. Our patents and patent
applications cover particular aspects of our products. Other
parties may develop and obtain patent protection for more
effective technologies, designs or methods for treating kidney
failure. If these developments were to occur, it would likely
have an adverse effect on our sales.
The laws of foreign countries may not protect our intellectual
property rights effectively or to the same extent as the laws of
the United States. If our intellectual property rights are not
adequately protected, we may not be able to commercialize our
technologies, products or services and our competitors could
commercialize similar technologies, which could result in a
decrease in our revenues and market share.
Our
products could infringe the intellectual property rights of
others, which may lead to litigation that could itself be
costly, could result in the payment of substantial damages or
royalties, and/or prevent us from using technology that is
essential to our products.
The medical device industry in general has been characterized by
extensive litigation and administrative proceedings regarding
patent infringement and intellectual property rights. Products
to provide kidney replacement therapy have been available in the
market for more than 30 years and our competitors hold a
significant number of patents relating to kidney replacement
devices, therapies, products and supplies. Although no third
party has threatened or alleged that our products or methods
infringe their patents or other intellectual property rights, we
cannot provide assurance that our products or methods do not
infringe the patents or other intellectual property rights of
third parties. If our business is successful, the possibility
may increase that others will assert infringement claims against
us.
Infringement and other intellectual property claims and
proceedings brought against us, whether successful or not, could
result in substantial costs and harm to our reputation. Such
claims and proceedings can also distract and divert management
and key personnel from other tasks important to the success of
the business. In addition, intellectual property litigation or
claims could force us to do one or more of the following:
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cease selling or using any of our products that incorporate the
asserted intellectual property, which would adversely affect our
revenues;
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pay substantial damages for past use of the asserted
intellectual property;
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obtain a license from the holder of the asserted intellectual
property, which license may not be available on reasonable
terms, if at all and which could reduce profitability; and
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redesign or rename, in the case of trademark claims, our
products to avoid infringing the intellectual property rights of
third parties, which may not be possible and could be costly and
time-consuming if it is possible to do so.
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Confidentiality
agreements with employees and others may not adequately prevent
disclosure of trade secrets and other proprietary
information.
In order to protect our proprietary technology and processes, we
also rely in part on confidentiality agreements with our
corporate partners, employees, consultants, outside scientific
collaborators and sponsored researchers, advisors and others.
These agreements may not effectively prevent disclosure of
confidential information and trade secrets and may not provide
an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized disclosure of
confidential information. In addition, others may independently
discover or reverse engineer trade secrets and proprietary
information, and in such cases we could not assert any trade
secret rights against such party. Costly and time consuming
litigation could be necessary to enforce and determine the scope
of our proprietary rights, and failure to obtain or maintain
trade secret protection could adversely affect our competitive
position.
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We may
be subject to damages resulting from claims that our employees
or we have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of
other companies.
Many of our employees were previously employed at other medical
device companies focused on the development of dialysis
products, including our competitors. Although no claims against
us are currently pending, we may be subject to claims that these
employees or we have inadvertently or otherwise used or
disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of
their former employers. Litigation may be necessary to defend
against these claims. If we fail in defending such claims, in
addition to paying monetary damages, we may lose valuable
intellectual property rights. Even if we are successful in
defending against these claims, litigation could result in
substantial costs, damage to our reputation and be a distraction
to management.
Risks
Related to our Common Stock
Our
stock price is likely to be volatile, and the market price of
our common stock may drop.
The market price of our common stock could be subject to
significant fluctuations. Market prices for securities of early
stage companies have historically been particularly volatile. As
a result of this volatility, you may not be able to sell your
common stock at or above the price you paid for the stock. Some
of the factors that may cause the market price of our common
stock to fluctuate include:
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timing of market launch
and/or
market acceptance of our products;
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timing of achieving profitability and positive cash flow from
operations;
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changes in estimates of our financial results or recommendations
by securities analysts or the failure to meet or exceed
securities analysts expectations;
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actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly operating
results;
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future debt or equity financings;
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developments or disputes with key vendors or customers;
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disruptions in product supply for any reason, including product
recalls, our failure to appropriately forecast supply or demand,
difficulties in moving products across the border, or the
failure of third party suppliers to produce needed products or
components;
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reports by officials or health or medical authorities, the
general media or the FDA regarding the potential benefits of the
System One or of similar dialysis products distributed by other
companies or of daily or home dialysis;
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announcements by the FDA of non-clearance or non-approval of our
products, or delays in the FDA or other foreign regulatory
agency review process;
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product recalls;
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defaults under our material contracts, including without
limitation our credit agreement;
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regulatory developments in the United States and foreign
countries;
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changes in third-party healthcare reimbursements, particularly a
decline in the level of Medicare reimbursement for dialysis
treatments;
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litigation involving our company or our general industry or both;
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announcements of technical innovations or new products by us or
our competitors;
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developments or disputes concerning our patents or other
proprietary rights;
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our ability to manufacture and supply our products to commercial
standards;
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significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures
or capital commitments by us or our competitors;
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departures of key personnel; and
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investors general perception of our company, our products,
the economy and general market conditions.
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The stock markets in general have experienced substantial
volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating
performance of individual companies. These broad market
fluctuations may adversely affect the trading price of our
common stock. In the past, following periods of volatility in
the market price of a companys securities, stockholders
have often instituted class action securities litigation against
those companies. Such litigation, if instituted, could result in
substantial costs and diversion of management attention and
resources, which could significantly harm our profitability and
reputation.
Anti-takeover
provisions in our restated certificate of incorporation and
amended and restated bylaws and under Delaware law could make an
acquisition of us more difficult and may prevent attempts by our
stockholders to replace or remove our current
management.
Provisions in our restated certificate of incorporation and our
amended and restated bylaws may delay or prevent an acquisition
of us. In addition, these provisions may frustrate or prevent
attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove members of our
board of directors. Because our board of directors is
responsible for appointing the members of our management team,
these provisions could in turn affect any attempt by our
stockholders to replace current members of our management team.
These provisions include:
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a prohibition on actions by our stockholders by written consent;
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the ability of our board of directors to issue preferred stock
without stockholder approval, which could be used to institute a
poison pill that would work to dilute the stock
ownership of a potential hostile acquirer, effectively
preventing acquisitions that have not been approved by our board
of directors;
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advance notice requirements for nominations of directors or
stockholder proposals; and
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the requirement that board vacancies be filled by a majority of
our directors then in office.
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In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are
governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware
General Corporation Law, which prohibits a person who owns in
excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock from merging or
combining with us for a period of three years after the date of
the transaction in which the person acquired in excess of 15% of
our outstanding voting stock, unless the merger or combination
is approved in a prescribed manner. These provisions would apply
even if the offer may be considered beneficial by some
stockholders.
If
there are substantial sales of our common stock in the market by
our large existing stockholders, our stock price could
decline.
If our existing stockholders sell a large number of shares of
our common stock or the public market perceives that existing
stockholders might sell shares of common stock, the market price
of our common stock could decline significantly. We have
46,795,859 shares of common stock outstanding as of
December 31, 2009. Shares held by our affiliates may only
be sold in compliance with the volume limitations of
Rule 144. These volume limitations restrict the number of
shares that may be sold by an affiliate in any three-month
period to the greater of 1% of the number of shares then
outstanding, which approximates 467,959 shares, or the
average weekly trading volume of our common stock during the
four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on
Form 144 with respect to the sale.
At December 31, 2009, subject to certain conditions,
holders of an aggregate of approximately 24,280,888 shares
of our common stock have rights with respect to the registration
of these shares of common stock with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, or SEC. If we register their shares of common stock
following the expiration of the
lock-up
agreements, they can sell those shares in the public market.
As of December 31, 2009, 11,435,552 shares of common
stock are authorized for issuance under our stock incentive
plan, employee stock purchase plan and outstanding stock
options. As of December 31, 2009,
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6,850,050 shares were subject to outstanding options, of
which 4,034,447 were exercisable and can be freely sold in the
public market upon issuance, subject to the restrictions imposed
on our affiliates under Rule 144.
Our
executive officers, directors and current and principal
stockholders own a large percentage of our voting common stock
and could limit new stockholders influence on corporate
decisions or could delay or prevent a change in corporate
control.
Our directors, executive officers and current holders of more
than 5% of our outstanding common stock, together with their
affiliates and related persons, beneficially hold, in the
aggregate, approximately 65% of our outstanding common stock.
David S. Utterberg, one of our directors, holds approximately
18% of our outstanding common stock. As a result, these
stockholders, if acting together, may have the ability to
determine the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders
for approval, including the election and removal of directors
and any merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially
all of our assets and other extraordinary transactions. The
interests of this group of stockholders may not always coincide
with our corporate interests or the interests of other
stockholders, and they may act in a manner with which you may
not agree or that may not be in the best interests of other
stockholders. This concentration of ownership may have the
effect of:
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delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our
company;
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entrenching our management
and/or Board;
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impeding a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business
combination involving our company; or
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discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or
otherwise attempting to obtain control of our company.
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We may
grow through additional acquisitions, which could dilute our
existing shareholders and could involve substantial integration
risks.
As part of our business strategy, we may acquire other
businesses
and/or
technologies in the future. We may issue equity securities as
consideration for future acquisitions that would dilute our
existing stockholders, perhaps significantly depending on the
terms of the acquisition. We may also incur additional debt in
connection with future acquisitions, which, if available at all,
may place additional restrictions on our ability to operate our
business. Acquisitions may involve a number of risks, including:
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difficulty in transitioning and integrating the operations and
personnel of the acquired businesses, including different and
complex accounting and financial reporting systems;
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potential disruption of our ongoing business and distraction of
management;
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potential difficulty in successfully implementing, upgrading and
deploying in a timely and effective manner new operational
information systems and upgrades of our finance, accounting and
product distribution systems;
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difficulty in incorporating acquired technology and rights into
our products and technology;
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unanticipated expenses and delays in completing acquired
development projects and technology integration;
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management of geographically remote units both in the United
States and internationally;
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impairment of relationships with partners and customers;
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customers delaying purchases of our products pending resolution
of product integration between our existing and our newly
acquired products;
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entering markets or types of businesses in which we have limited
experience;
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potential loss of key employees of the acquired company; and
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inaccurate assumptions of the acquired companys product
quality
and/or
product reliability.
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As a result of these and other risks, we may not realize
anticipated benefits from our acquisitions. Any failure to
achieve these benefits or failure to successfully integrate
acquired businesses and technologies could seriously harm our
business.
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Item 1B.
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Unresolved
Staff Comments
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Not Applicable.
We are headquartered in Lawrence, Massachusetts, where we lease
approximately 45,000 square feet under a lease expiring in
2012. We have manufacturing facilities consisting of a
118,000 square foot facility in Tijuana, Mexico with a
lease expiring in 2011, a 36,300 square foot facility in
Modena, Italy with a lease expiring in 2012, a
35,000 square foot facility through our relationship with
Entrada with a lease expiring in 2012, and a 12,369 square
foot facility in Rosdorf, Germany with a term expiring in 2011.
We believe that our existing facilities are adequate for our
current needs and that suitable additional or alternative space
will be available at such time as it becomes needed on
commercially reasonable terms. In addition to these facilities
we lease a number of small offices for administrative purposes.
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Item 3.
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Legal
Proceedings
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From time to time we may be a party to various legal proceedings
arising in the ordinary course of our business. We are not
currently subject to any material legal proceedings.
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Item 4.
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Submission
of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
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No matters were submitted to a vote of our security holders
during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2009.
EXECUTIVE
OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Executive
Officers
The following is a list of names, ages and background of our
executive officers as of December 31, 2009:
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Name
|
|
Age
|
|
Position
|
|
Jeffrey H. Burbank
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
|
President, Chief Executive Officer
|
|
Robert S. Brown
|
|
|
51
|
|
|
|
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
|
|
Tom Shea
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
|
Senior Vice President, Manufacturing Operations
|
|
Winifred L. Swan
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
|
Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
|
|
Joseph E. Turk, Jr.
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
Senior Vice President, Commercial Operations
|
|
Michael J. Webb
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
|
Senior Vice President of Quality, Regulatory and Clinical
Affairs
|
|
Jeffrey H. Burbank has been our President and Chief
Executive Officer and a director of the Company since December
1998. Prior to joining NxStage, Mr. Burbank was a founder
and the CEO of Vasca, Inc., a medical device company that
developed and marketed a new blood access device for dialysis
patients. Mr. Burbank also served in roles of increasing
responsibility in areas of manufacturing, and sales and
marketing at Gambro, a leading dialysis products company. He
holds a B.S. from Lehigh University.
Robert S. Brown has been our Senior Vice President, Chief
Financial Officer and Treasurer since November 2006. Prior to
joining NxStage, Mr. Brown held several leadership
positions in Boston Scientifics financial group including
Vice President, Corporate Analysis & Control from 2005
until he joined us in 2006, where he and his team were
responsible for Boston Scientifics financial, compliance
and operational audits and reported directly to the Audit
Committee of the Board of Directors. Mr. Brown also served
as Vice President, International from 1999 through 2004, where
he was responsible for the financial functions of
46
Boston Scientifics international division in over forty
countries. Previous experience also includes financial reporting
and special projects at United Technologies and public
accounting and consulting at Deloitte & Touche. He
holds a B.B.A. degree in Accounting from the University of
Toledo and an M.B.A. from the University of Michigan, and is a
certified public accountant.
Tom Shea has been our Senior Vice President of
Manufacturing Operations since March 2008. Prior to joining
NxStage, he held several leadership positions at Jabil
Incorporated, a $12 billion Tier I contract
manufacturer. Most recently, Tom served as Jabils Global
Business Unit Manager, supporting clients in the aerospace,
defense and telecommunications industries. In this capacity, he
developed and implemented global operations, logistics and
pricing strategies for his sector. He previously served as
Operations Manager at Jabil where he had full plant profit and
loss responsibility for their Massachusetts facility.
Mr. Shea earned his M.B.A. at The University of
Massachusetts and his B.S. in Production and Operations
Management at Bryant University.
Winifred L. Swan has been our Senior Vice President since
January 2005 and our Vice President and General Counsel since
November 2000. From July 1995 to November 2000, Ms. Swan
was Senior Corporate Counsel at Boston Scientific Corporation.
She holds a B.A., cum laude , in Economics and Public Policy
from Duke University and a J.D., cum laude and Order of the Coif
, from the University of Pennsylvania Law School.
Joseph E. Turk, Jr. has been our Senior Vice
President, Commercial Operations since January 2005 and our Vice
President, Sales and Marketing since May 2000. From August 1998
to May 2000, Mr. Turk was employed at Boston Scientific
Corporation as Director of New Business Development.
Mr. Turk holds an A.B. degree in Economics from Wabash
College and an M.B.A. in Marketing and Finance from Northwestern
Universitys Kellogg School of Management.
Michael J. Webb has been our Senior Vice President of
Quality, Regulatory and Clinical Affairs since August 2007, Vice
President of Disposables Operations from January 2007 through
August 2007, Vice President of Quality Assurance and Regulatory
Affairs from July 2002 through January 2007, and our Vice
President of Operations from July 2001 through July 2002. Prior
to joining NxStage, Mr. Webb was Vice President of
Operations for Mosaic Technologies, a developer of gene-based
diagnostic products. Other previous positions include Director
of Operations for TFX Medical and Director of Disposables
Manufacturing and Logistics for Haemonetics Corporation.
Mr. Webb received a B.S. degree in Industrial and
Management Engineering and his M.B.A. in Manufacturing
Management from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
PART II
|
|
Item 5.
|
Market
for Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder
Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
|
Market
Information
Our common stock has been quoted on the NASDAQ Global Market
under the symbol NXTM since July 1, 2006 and
prior to that was quoted on the NASDAQ National Market since
October 27, 2005. Prior to that time, there was no public
market for our stock. The following table sets forth, for the
periods indicated, the high and low intraday sale prices of our
common stock.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter
|
|
$
|
3.98
|
|
|
$
|
2.11
|
|
Second Quarter
|
|
$
|
5.90
|
|
|
$
|
1.93
|
|
Third Quarter
|
|
$
|
7.04
|
|
|
$
|
4.64
|
|
Fourth Quarter
|
|
$
|
8.43
|
|
|
$
|
5.39
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter
|
|
$
|
14.97
|
|
|
$
|
3.70
|
|
Second Quarter
|
|
$
|
6.74
|
|
|
$
|
3.84
|
|
Third Quarter
|
|
$
|
4.57
|
|
|
$
|
3.10
|
|
Fourth Quarter
|
|
$
|
5.01
|
|
|
$
|
2.10
|
|
47
Holders
On March 9, 2010, the last reported sale price of our
common stock was $10.13 per share. As of March 9, 2010,
there were approximately 77 holders of record of our common
stock and approximately 3,400 beneficial holders of our common
stock.
Dividends
We have never paid or declared any cash dividends on our common
stock. We anticipate that we will retain our earnings for future
growth and therefore do not anticipate paying cash dividends in
the future. Our loan agreements with Asahi and SVB restrict our
ability to pay dividends.
Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities
We made no repurchases of our equity securities during the year
ended December 31, 2009.
Comparative
Stock Performance Graph
The following performance graph and related information shall
not be deemed soliciting material or to be
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission,
nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any
future filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, each as amended, except to the extent that
we specifically incorporate it by reference into such filing.
The comparative stock performance graph below compares the
cumulative stockholder return on our common stock for the period
from the first day that our common stock was publicly traded,
October 27, 2005, through December 31, 2009 with the
cumulative total return on (i) the Total Return Index for
the Nasdaq Stock Market (U.S. Companies), which we refer to
as the Nasdaq Composite Index, and (ii) the Nasdaq Medical
Equipment Index. This graph assumes the investment of $100 on
October 27, 2005 in our common stock, the Nasdaq Composite
Index and the Nasdaq Medical Equipment Index and assumes all
dividends are reinvested. Measurement points are the last
trading days of the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008,
the quarters ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, June 30,
2009 and 2008 and September 30, 2009 and 2008.
COMPARISON
OF 50 MONTH CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
Among NxStage Medical, Inc, The NASDAQ Composite Index
And The NASDAQ Medical Equipment Index
* $100 invested on 10/27/05 in stock or 9/30/05 in index,
including reinvestment of dividends.
Fiscal year ending December 31.
48
|
|
Item 6.
|
Selected
Financial Data
|
SELECTED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected consolidated financial data should be
read together with the information under Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations and our consolidated financial statements and
the notes to those consolidated financial statements included
elsewhere in this Annual Report. The selected statements of
operations data for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008
and 2007 and balance sheet data as of December 31, 2009 and
2008 set forth below have been derived from our audited
consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this
Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
The selected statements of operations data for the years ended
December 31, 2006 and 2005 and balance sheet data as of
December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 set forth below have been
derived from the audited consolidated financial statements for
such years not included in this Annual Report.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except per share data)
|
|
|
Statement of Operations Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues
|
|
$
|
148,676
|
|
|
$
|
128,763
|
|
|
$
|
59,964
|
|
|
$
|
20,812
|
|
|
$
|
5,994
|
|
Cost of revenues
|
|
|
111,812
|
|
|
|
108,387
|
|
|
|
65,967
|
|
|
|
26,121
|
|
|
|
9,585
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit (deficit)
|
|
|
36,864
|
|
|
|
20,376
|
|
|
|
(6,003
|
)
|
|
|
(5,309
|
)
|
|
|
(3,591
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling and marketing
|
|
|
30,047
|
|
|
|
27,965
|
|
|
|
21,589
|
|
|
|
14,356
|
|
|
|
7,550
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
9,814
|
|
|
|
8,890
|
|
|
|
6,335
|
|
|
|
6,431
|
|
|
|
6,305
|
|
Distribution
|
|
|
13,918
|
|
|
|
14,267
|
|
|
|
13,111
|
|
|
|
7,093
|
|
|
|
2,059
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
19,532
|
|
|
|
19,239
|
|
|
|
13,046
|
|
|
|
8,703
|
|
|
|
4,855
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
73,311
|
|
|
|
70,361
|
|
|
|
54,081
|
|
|
|
36,583
|
|
|
|
20,769
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from operations
|
|
|
(36,447
|
)
|
|
|
(49,985
|
)
|
|
|
(60,084
|
)
|
|
|
(41,892
|
)
|
|
|
(24,360
|
)
|
Other income (expense), net
|
|
|
(6,755
|
)
|
|
|
(852
|
)
|
|
|
1,750
|
|
|
|
2,262
|
|
|
|
(120
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss before taxes
|
|
|
(43,202
|
)
|
|
|
(50,837
|
)
|
|
|
(58,334
|
)
|
|
|
(39,630
|
)
|
|
|
(24,480
|
)
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
|
265
|
|
|
|
374
|
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
$
|
(43,467
|
)
|
|
$
|
(51,211
|
)
|
|
$
|
(58,396
|
)
|
|
$
|
(39,630
|
)
|
|
$
|
(24,480
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per share, basic and diluted
|
|
$
|
(0.93
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1.23
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1.86
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1.60
|
)
|
|
$
|
(4.31
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-average shares outstanding, basic and diluted
|
|
|
46,627
|
|
|
|
41,803
|
|
|
|
31,426
|
|
|
|
24,817
|
|
|
|
5,681
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Balance Sheet Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments
|
|
$
|
21,720
|
|
|
$
|
26,642
|
|
|
$
|
34,345
|
|
|
$
|
61,802
|
|
|
$
|
61,223
|
|
Working capital
|
|
|
36,037
|
|
|
|
34,362
|
|
|
|
40,655
|
|
|
|
64,716
|
|
|
|
62,100
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
196,978
|
|
|
|
212,066
|
|
|
|
210,386
|
|
|
|
101,725
|
|
|
|
76,575
|
|
Long-term liabilities
|
|
|
78,267
|
|
|
|
52,580
|
|
|
|
46,134
|
|
|
|
5,495
|
|
|
|
2,106
|
|
Accumulated deficit
|
|
|
(276,714
|
)
|
|
|
(233,247
|
)
|
|
|
(182,036
|
)
|
|
|
(123,640
|
)
|
|
|
(84,011
|
)
|
Total stockholders equity(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)
|
|
|
89,446
|
|
|
|
122,447
|
|
|
|
129,717
|
|
|
|
83,409
|
|
|
|
67,354
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
In May 2008, we issued and sold approximately 5.6 million
unregistered shares of common stock and warrants to purchase
1.1 million shares of our common stock. In August 2008, we
issued and sold an additional 4.0 million share of common
stock and warrants to purchase 0.8 million shares of our
common stock. The aggregate net proceeds of both sales was
$42.3 million. |
49
|
|
|
(2) |
|
On October 1, 2007, we issued 6.5 million shares of
common stock at $12.50 per share in connection with the
Medisystems Acquisition. |
|
(3) |
|
On February 7, 2007, we issued and sold to DaVita
2.0 million shares of common stock at a purchase price of
$10.00 per share, for net proceeds of $19.9 million. |
|
(4) |
|
We closed our follow-on public offering on June 14, 2006,
which resulted in the issuance of 6.3 million shares of
common stock at $8.75 per share. Net proceeds from the offering
were approximately $51.3 million. |
|
(5) |
|
We closed our initial public offering on November 1, 2005,
which resulted in the issuance of 6.3 million shares of
common stock at $10.00 per share. Net proceeds from the offering
were approximately $56.5 million. All shares of all series
of our outstanding preferred stock were converted into common
stock upon the closing of our initial public offering and
resulted in the issuance of 12.1 million shares of common
stock. |
|
|
Item 7.
|
Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operation
|
Overview
We are a medical device company that develops, manufactures and
markets innovative products for the treatment of kidney failure,
fluid overload and related blood treatments and procedures. Our
primary product, the System One, was designed to satisfy an
unmet clinical need for a system that can deliver the
therapeutic flexibility and clinical benefits associated with
traditional dialysis machines in a smaller, portable,
easy-to-use form that can be used by healthcare professionals
and trained lay users alike in a variety of settings, including
patient homes, as well as more traditional care settings such as
hospitals and dialysis centers. Given its design, the System One
is particularly well-suited for home hemodialysis and more
frequent, or daily, dialysis, which clinical
literature suggests provides patients better clinical outcomes
and improved quality of life. The System One is cleared by the
United States Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, for home
hemodialysis as well as hospital and clinic-based dialysis. We
also sell needles and blood tubing sets primarily to dialysis
centers for the treatment of end-stage renal disease, or ESRD.
We believe our largest future product market opportunity is for
our System One used in the home hemodialysis market, or home
market, for the treatment of ESRD.
We report the results of our operations in two segments: the
System One segment and the In-Center segment. We distribute our
products in three markets: the home, critical care and
in-center. Within the System One segment, we offer a similar
technology platform of the System One for the home and critical
care markets with different features. The FDA has cleared the
System One for hemodialysis, hemofiltration and ultrafiltration.
We offer primarily needles and blood tubing sets in the
In-Center segment. Our products are predominantly used by our
customers to treat patients suffering from ESRD or acute kidney
failure. We have marketing and sales efforts dedicated to each
market, although nearly all sales in the In-Center segment are
made through distributors.
We received clearance from the FDA in July 2003 to market the
System One for treatment of renal failure and fluid overload
using hemodialysis as well as hemofiltration and
ultrafiltration. In the first quarter of 2003, we initiated
sales of the System One in the critical care market to hospitals
and medical centers in the United States. In late 2003, we
initiated sales of the System One for the treatment of patients
with ESRD. The FDA cleared the System One in June 2005 for
hemodialysis in the home. Presently, we are pursuing a nocturnal
indication for the System One under an IDE study started in the
first quarter of 2008. We recently completed the IDE study and
have submitted the associated 510(k).
Our business expanded significantly in late 2007 in connection
with the October 1, 2007 acquisition of Medisystems
Corporation and certain affiliated entities, which we refer to
as the Medisystems Acquisition. With that acquisition, we
acquired our needle and blood tubing set product lines for use
predominantly in hemodialysis performed in-center as well as
apheresis, which constitutes our In-center segment. The
In-Center segment is significantly more mature than our System
One segment. Medisystems Corporation and certain affiliated
entities, which we refer to collectively as the MDS Entities,
have been selling products to dialysis centers for the treatment
of ESRD since 1981, and they have achieved leading positions in
the United States
50
market for both blood tubing sets and needles. Our blood tubing
set products include the ReadySet High Performance Blood Tubing
set, or ReadySet, and the Streamline Airless Blood Tubing set,
or Streamline. ReadySet has been on the market since 1993.
Streamline is our next generation blood tubing product designed
to provide improved patient outcomes and lower costs to dialysis
centers. This product is early in its market launch and adoption
has been somewhat limited to date, but growing. Our needle
product line includes AV fistula needle sets incorporating
safety features including MasterGuard Anti-Stick Needle
Protectors and MasterGuard technology and ButtonHole needle
sets. Our AV fistula needle sets with MasterGuard Anti-Stick
Needle Protector were commercially introduced in 1995 and our
ButtonHole needle sets were commercially introduced in 2002.
Our customers, which include dialysis centers and hospitals,
receive reimbursement for the dialysis treatments provided with
our products typically from Medicare and, to a lesser degree,
from private insurers. Medicare provides comprehensive and
well-established reimbursement in the United States for ESRD.
Reimbursement claims for dialysis therapy using the System One
or our blood tubing sets and needles are typically submitted by
the dialysis center or hospital to Medicare and other
third-party payors using established billing codes for dialysis
treatment or, in the critical care setting, based on the
patients primary diagnosis. Medicare presently limits
reimbursement for chronic hemodialysis to three treatments per
week, absent a finding of medical justification. Because most of
our System One home dialysis patients are treated more than
three times a week, expanding Medicare reimbursement over time
to more predictably cover more frequent therapy may be critical
to the market penetration of the System One in the home market
and to our revenue growth in the future. As a result of the
Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act of 2008, or
MIPPA legislation, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services,
or CMS, has announced that, in 2011, it will implement a new
bundled payment for dialysis treatment. Proposed
rules have been released by CMS and the public comment period
concluded on December 16, 2009. Final rules will likely be
published in 2010. It is not possible at this time to determine
what impact this will have on the adoption of home
and/or daily
hemodialysis or the price for which we can sell our products.
The manufacture of our products is accomplished through a
complementary combination of outsourcing and internal
production. We have manufacturing facilities in Mexico, Germany
and Italy. We outsource the manufacture of premixed dialysate,
needles, some blood tubing sets, and some components.
In our System One segment, we market the System One in the home
and critical care markets through a direct sales force in the
United States primarily to dialysis centers, for ESRD
hemodialysis patients, and hospitals. In our In-Center segment,
we market our blood tubing and needle products primarily through
distributors, although we also have a small dedicated sales
force for that business. Nearly all In-Center sales are made to
customers in the United States, with very limited amounts sold
internationally through distributors. In May 2009, we announced
our first international distribution agreement for the System
One with Kimal. To date, substantially all System One segment
revenues have been derived from sales within the United States.
Under our agreement with Kimal, we began selling the System One
in the United Kingdom and Ireland this year, and expect to sell
Streamline and ButtonHole needles through Kimal in those
territories in the future. Since signing this agreement with
Kimal, we have continued to expand internationally, recently
announcing a five year exclusive distribution agreement with
Nordic Medcom AB for the promotion, sale, delivery and service
of the System One and certain of our other products in Finland,
Denmark and Sweden and a five year distribution agreement with
Dirinco for the promotion, sale, delivery and service of the
System One and certain of our other products in the Netherlands.
Since inception, we have incurred losses every quarter, and at
December 31, 2009, we had an accumulated deficit of
approximately $276.7 million. We expect our operating
expenses to continue to increase as we grow our business. While
we have achieved positive gross margins for our products, in
aggregate, since the fourth quarter of 2007, we cannot provide
assurance that our gross margins will improve or, if they do
improve, the rate at which they will improve. We cannot provide
assurance that we will achieve profitability, when we will
become profitable, the sustainability of profitability, should
it occur, or the extent to which we will be profitable. Our
ability to become profitable depends principally upon
implementing design and process improvements to lower the costs
of manufacturing our products, obtaining better purchasing terms
and prices, growing revenue, increasing reliability of our
products, improving our field equipment utilization, achieving
51
efficiencies in manufacturing and supply chain overhead costs,
achieving efficiencies in the distribution of our products and
achieving a sufficient scale of operations.
We have experienced negative operating margins and cash flows
from operations and expect to continue to incur net losses in
the foreseeable future. We believe, based on current
projections, that we have the required resources to fund
operating requirements through 2010 and beyond. Future capital
requirements will depend on many factors, including the rate of
revenue growth, continued progress on improving gross margins,
the expansion of selling and marketing and research and
development activities, the timing and extent of expansion into
new geographies or territories, the timing of new product
introductions and enhancement to existing products, the
continuing market acceptance of products, availability of credit
and potential investments in, or acquisitions of complementary
businesses, services or technologies.
Statement
of Operations Components
Revenues
In the System One segment we derive our revenues from the sale
and rental of equipment and the sale of disposable products in
the home and critical care markets. In the home market,
customers rent or purchase the System One equipment, including
cycler and PureFlow SL, and then purchase the related disposable
products based on a specific patient prescription. In the
critical care market, we sell or rent the System One and related
disposables to hospital customers. In the In-Center segment, the
majority of revenues are derived from supply and distribution
contracts with distributors.
In the home market, for those customers that rent the System
One, we recognize revenues on a monthly basis in accordance with
customer contracts under which we supply the use of hardware and
disposables needed to perform dialysis therapy sessions during a
month. For customers that purchase the System One in the home
market, we recognize revenue from the equipment sale ratably
over the expected service obligation period and recognize
disposable product revenue upon delivery.
Our contracts with dialysis centers for ESRD home dialysis
patients generally include terms providing for the sale of
disposable products to accommodate up to the number of
prescribed treatments per month per patient and the purchase or
monthly rental of System One cyclers and, in some instances, our
PureFlow SL hardware. The terms of these contracts vary, and are
automatically renewed on a
month-to-month
basis thereafter, subject to a
30-day
termination notice. Under these contracts, if home hemodialysis
is prescribed, supplies are shipped directly to patient homes
and paid for by the treating dialysis center. We also include
vacation delivery terms, providing for the shipment of products
to a designated vacation destination for a specified number of
vacation days. We derive an insignificant amount of revenues
from the sale of ancillary products, such as extra lengths of
tubing. Over time, as more home patients are treated with the
System One and more systems are placed in patient homes that
provide for the purchase or rental of the machine and the
purchase of the related disposables, we expect this recurring
revenue stream to continue to grow. A number of our home market
customers, including DaVita, have purchased System One
equipment, with certain customers committed to purchase, rather
than rent, the significant majority of their future System One
equipment requirements. There can, however, be no assurance that
we will be able to expand the percentage of our equipment
placements that are purchased rather than rented.
Our critical care contracts with hospitals generally include
terms providing for the sale of our System One hardware and
disposables, although we also provide a hardware rental option.
We recognize revenue from direct product sales at the later of
the time of shipment or, if applicable, delivery in accordance
with contract terms. These contracts typically have a term of
one year. We expect, at least in the near term, as hospitals
face continued pressure to reduce capital spending, increasingly
more of our sales will include the rental rather than the sale
of our System One hardware than we have experienced in the past.
We derive a small amount of revenue from the sale of one and two
year service contracts following the expiration of our standard
one-year warranty period for System One hardware. To further
support service in this market, we have implemented a
bio-medical training program, whereby we train bio-medical
engineers on how to service and repair certain aspects of the
System One in the critical care setting. Bio-medical training is
not offered for the home market within our System One segment.
Bio-medical training is typically provided under a two-year
contract
52
following the expiration of our standard one-year warranty
period for System One hardware. Similar to our home market, as
more System One equipment is placed within hospitals, we expect
to derive a growing recurring revenue stream from the sale of
disposable cartridges and fluids for use with our placed System
One equipment as well as, to a much lesser degree, from the sale
of service and bio-medical training contracts.
Our In-Center segment revenues are highly concentrated in
several significant purchasers. Revenues from Henry Schein, our
primary distributor, represented approximately 66% of our
In-Center segment revenues during 2009 and approximately 80%
during 2008 and 2007. During the third quarter of 2009, we began
selling blood tubing sets to Gambro. Revenues from our other
significant distributors, including Gambro, over each of the
same periods were 31%, 20% and 10% of our In-Center segment
revenues, respectively. Sales to DaVita, through Henry Schein
and Gambro represent a significant percentage of these revenues.
DaVita has contractual purchase commitments under two
agreements: one for blood tubing sets and one for needles.
DaVitas purchase obligations with respect to needles will
expire under an agreement with us in January 2013. Under our
recently signed Gambro agreement, Gambro has contractually
committed to exclusively supply our blood tubing sets in the
United States to DaVita through July 2014. Gambros long
term product supply agreement with DaVita entered into in
connection with the sale of Gambros United States dialysis
clinic business to DaVita, obligates DaVita to purchase a
significant majority of its product requirements from Gambro.
Our In-Center segment revenues are subject to fluctuation as a
result of changes in sales volumes and variations in inventory
management policies of our distributors and end users. We
regularly monitor the amount of inventory held by distributors
to ensure it is not excessive when compared to end user demand.
Some of the distribution contracts for our In-Center segment
offer rebates based on sales to specific end customers and
discount incentives for early payment. Our revenues are
presented net of these rebates, incentives, discounts and
returns. As of December 31, 2009, we had $1.5 million
reserved against trade accounts receivable for future sales
incentives. We recorded $8.6 million, $7.3 million and
$1.7 million during 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, as a
reduction of sales in connection with sales incentives.
Our distribution agreement with Henry Schein, our primary
distributor for the In-Center segment, originally scheduled to
expire in July 2009, has been extended on a non exclusive basis
while the parties work to negotiate a new agreement. If we are
unable to negotiate a renewal, we will need to seek alternative
distribution relationships or to sell our In-Center segment
products directly to end users. Our agreements with two other
distributors for the In-Center segment are scheduled to expire
in July 2011 and February 2012, respectively. Our blood tubing
set distribution agreement with Gambro expires in July 2014.
DaVita continues to be our most significant customer for both
segments. We have long-term purchase agreements directly or
indirectly covering product sales to DaVita in the In-Center
segment, however, the initial term of our long-term agreement
with DaVita for the purchase of the System One in the home
market expired on December 31, 2009. We are currently
working with DaVita to negotiate the terms of a new agreement
for the home market, however, there can be no assurance that we
will enter into a new agreement for the home market with DaVita
or regarding the terms of any such agreement. Our
February 7, 2007 agreement with DaVita contemplates ongoing
sales of products following December 31, 2009. The loss of
any of this business, at least in the near term, would have an
adverse effect on our business.
Cost
of Revenues
Cost of revenues consists primarily of direct product costs,
including material and labor required to manufacture our
products, service of System One equipment that we rent and sell
to customers and production overhead. It also includes the cost
of inspecting, servicing and repairing System One equipment
prior to sale or during the warranty period and related
stock-based compensation. The cost of our products depends on
several factors, including the efficiency of our manufacturing
operations, the cost at which we can obtain labor and products
from third-party suppliers, product reliability and related
servicing costs and the design of our products.
53
Operating
Expenses
Selling and Marketing. Selling and marketing
expenses consist primarily of salary, benefits and stock-based
compensation for sales and marketing personnel, travel,
promotional and marketing materials and other expenses
associated with providing clinical training to our customers.
Included in selling and marketing are the costs of clinical
educators, usually nurses, we employ to teach our customers
about our products and prepare our customers to instruct their
patients and their partners in the operation of our products.
Research and Development. Research and
development expenses consist primarily of salary, benefits and
stock-based compensation for research and development personnel,
supplies, materials and expenses associated with product design
and development, clinical studies, regulatory submissions,
reporting and compliance and expenses incurred for outside
consultants or firms who furnish services related to these
activities.
Distribution. Distribution expenses include
the freight costs of delivering our products to our customers or
our customers patients, depending on the market and the
specific agreements with our customers, salary, benefits and
stock-based compensation for distribution personnel and the cost
of any equipment lost or damaged in the distribution process. We
use common carriers and freight companies to deliver our
products and we do not operate our own delivery service. Also
included in this category are the expenses of shipping products
under warranty from customers back to our service center for
repair and the related expense of shipping a replacement product
to our customers or their patients.
General and Administrative. General and
administrative expenses consist primarily of salary, benefits
and stock-based compensation for our executive management, legal
and finance and accounting staff, fees of outside legal counsel,
fees for our annual audit and tax services, and general expenses
to operate the business, including insurance and other
corporate-related expenses.
54
Results
of Operations
The following table presents, for the periods indicated,
information expressed as a percentage of revenues. This
information has been derived from our consolidated statements of
operations included elsewhere in this Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
You should not draw any conclusions about our future results
from the results of operations for any period.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Revenues
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
Cost of revenues
|
|
|
75
|
%
|
|
|
84
|
%
|
|
|
110
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit (deficit)
|
|
|
25
|
%
|
|
|
16
|
%
|
|
|
(10
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling and marketing
|
|
|
20
|
%
|
|
|
22
|
%
|
|
|
36
|
%
|
Research and development
|
|
|
7
|
%
|
|
|
7
|
%
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
Distribution
|
|
|
9
|
%
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
|
|
22
|
%
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
13
|
%
|
|
|
15
|
%
|
|
|
22
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
49
|
%
|
|
|
55
|
%
|
|
|
91
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from operations
|
|
|
(24
|
)%
|
|
|
(39
|
)%
|
|
|
(101
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income (expense):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
5
|
%
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(5
|
)%
|
|
|
(3
|
)%
|
|
|
(2
|
)%
|
Change in fair value of financial instruments
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
2
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5
|
)%
|
|
|
(1
|
)%
|
|
|
3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
|
(29
|
)%
|
|
|
(40
|
)%
|
|
|
(98
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comparison
of Years Ended December 31, 2009 and 2008
Revenues
Our revenues for 2009 and 2008 were as follows (in thousands,
except percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
System One segment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Home
|
|
$
|
63,461
|
|
|
|
43
|
%
|
|
$
|
48,319
|
|
|
|
38
|
%
|
Critical Care
|
|
|
22,340
|
|
|
|
15
|
%
|
|
|
18,554
|
|
|
|
14
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total System One segment
|
|
|
85,801
|
|
|
|
58
|
%
|
|
|
66,873
|
|
|
|
52
|
%
|
In-Center segment
|
|
|
62,875
|
|
|
|
42
|
%
|
|
|
61,890
|
|
|
|
48
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
148,676
|
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
$
|
128,763
|
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The increase in revenues was attributable to increased sales and
rentals of the System One and related disposables in both the
home and critical care markets, primarily as a result of the
growing number of patients using the System One as we continue
to penetrate the market place, and an increase in sales of blood
tubing sets in our In-Center segment.
55
In the home market, revenues increased $15.1 million, or
31%, in 2009 compared to 2008 as a result of an increase in the
number of patients prescribed to use and centers offering the
System One. During 2009 we increased the average number of
patients at existing centers and the number of total centers
offering the System One. Critical care market revenues increased
$3.8 million, or 20%, in 2009 compared to 2008, primarily
as a result of sales of additional System One units, the growth
of our installed base of units and the associated sales of
disposables due to our efforts to continue to penetrate the
market. Future demand for our products in both the home and
critical care markets is expected to remain strong due to the
life-sustaining, non-elective nature of dialysis therapy.
Revenues in the home market are expected to continue to increase
as we further penetrate the market place and as we expand
internationally. However, in the critical care market, we
expect, at least in the short-term, to see a continuation of a
conservative capital spending environment as hospitals face
pressure to reduce capital spending.
In-Center segment revenues increased $1.0 million, or 2%,
in 2009 compared to 2008. The increase in revenues was due to
higher sales volumes of our blood tubing sets including
Streamline, our newest blood tubing set product line. We expect
future demand will be susceptible to fluctuation as a result of
increased competition and variations in inventory management
policies with both our distributors and end users.
Cost of
Revenues and Gross Profit
Our cost of revenues for 2009 and 2008 were as follows (in
thousands, except percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
System One segment
|
|
$
|
64,538
|
|
|
$
|
57,913
|
|
|
$
|
6,625
|
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
In-Center segment
|
|
|
47,274
|
|
|
|
50,474
|
|
|
|
(3,200
|
)
|
|
|
(6
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Cost of revenue
|
|
$
|
111,812
|
|
|
$
|
108,387
|
|
|
$
|
3,425
|
|
|
|
3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit for the System One segment increased
$12.3 million, or 137%, from $9.0 million for 2008 to
$21.3 million for 2009. The increase in gross profit was a
result of increased revenues, improvements in reliability and
equipment utilization and lower overall costs of manufacturing
as we continue to realize the benefits of leveraging our
manufacturing infrastructure, certain cost saving initiatives
such as the transition of manufacturing and equipment service to
lower cost labor markets, and improvements in product design and
reliability.
Gross profit for the In-Center segment increased
$4.2 million, or 37%, from $11.4 million for 2008 to
$15.6 million for 2009. The increase in gross profit was
due to lower manufacturing costs resulting from the benefits of
certain manufacturing process improvements and product design
improvements.
We expect the cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues to
continue to decline over time for three general reasons. First,
we expect to introduce additional process improvements and
product design changes that have inherently lower cost than our
current products. Second, we expect to continue to improve
product reliability, which would reduce service costs. Finally,
we anticipate that increased volume and realization of economies
of scale will lead to better purchasing terms and prices and
efficiencies in manufacturing and supply chain overhead costs.
We cannot, however, guarantee that we will achieve our expected
cost reduction plans.
Selling
and Marketing
Our selling and marketing expenses for 2009 and 2008 were as
follows (in thousands, except percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
System One segment
|
|
$
|
26,144
|
|
|
$
|
24,491
|
|
|
$
|
1,653
|
|
|
|
7
|
%
|
In-Center segment
|
|
|
3,903
|
|
|
|
3,474
|
|
|
|
429
|
|
|
|
12
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Selling and marketing
|
|
$
|
30,047
|
|
|
$
|
27,965
|
|
|
$
|
2,082
|
|
|
|
7
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
56
The increase in selling and marketing expenses was primarily the
result of increased personnel and personnel-related costs,
including non-cash stock-based compensation expense due to
expanded sales and marketing and customer service functions. We
anticipate that selling and marketing expenses will continue to
increase as we broaden our marketing initiatives to increase
public awareness of the System One in the home market and other
products, particularly Streamline, in the In-center segment, and
as we add additional sales support and marketing personnel, but
decrease as a percent of revenues as we continue to leverage our
existing infrastructure.
Research
and Development
Our research and development expenses for 2009 and 2008 were as
follows (in thousands, except percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
$
|
9,814
|
|
|
$
|
8,890
|
|
|
$
|
924
|
|
|
|
10
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The increase in research and development expenses was primarily
a result of increased personnel and personnel-related costs,
including non-cash stock-based compensation expense, due to
increased headcount. Additionally, clinical trials expenses have
increased due to increased patient enrollment in our nocturnal
IDE and FREEDOM studies. We expect research and development
expenses will increase in absolute dollars but remain relatively
constant as a percentage of revenues in the foreseeable future
as we seek to further enhance our System One and related
products, and their reliability, and with the increased activity
associated with our FREEDOM study.
Distribution
Our distribution expenses for 2009 and 2008 were as follows (in
thousands, except percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
System One segment
|
|
$
|
12,564
|
|
|
$
|
12,631
|
|
|
$
|
(67
|
)
|
|
|
(1
|
)%
|
In-Center segment
|
|
|
1,354
|
|
|
|
1,636
|
|
|
|
(282
|
)
|
|
|
(17
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distribution
|
|
$
|
13,918
|
|
|
$
|
14,267
|
|
|
$
|
(349
|
)
|
|
|
(2
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The decrease in distribution expenses was primarily a result of
better pricing obtained from carriers and shipping efficiencies.
Distribution expenses for the System One segment remained
relatively consistent year over year but decreased as a
percentage of revenues from 19% during 2008 to 15% during 2009,
due primarily to better pricing obtained from carriers, shipping
efficiencies and improved reliability of our System One and
PureFlow SL hardware. Distribution expenses for the In-center
segment decreased due to shipping efficiencies. We expect that
distribution expenses will continue to increase at a lower rate
than revenues due to expected efficiencies gained from increased
business volume, better pricing obtained from carriers,
increased volume, customer adoption of our PureFlow SL hardware,
which significantly reduces the weight and quantity of monthly
disposable shipments, and improved reliability of System One
equipment. We cannot predict the estimated impact, if any, of
fuel costs on future distribution costs.
57
General
and Administrative
Our general and administrative expenses for 2009 and 2008 were
as follows (in thousands, except percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Increase
|
|
|
Increase
|
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
$
|
19,532
|
|
|
$
|
19,239
|
|
|
$
|
293
|
|
|
|
2
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative expenses increased year over year but
decreased as a percentage of revenue from 15% during 2008 to 13%
during 2009 due to our continued initiative to leverage our
overhead structure. The increase in general and administrative
expenses was primarily a result of increased personnel and
personnel related costs, including non-cash stock-based
compensation expense, offset by a decreases in external services
expense resulting from cost savings measures. We expect that
general and administrative expenses will remain relatively flat
in the near term as we continue to leverage our existing
infrastructure.
Other
Income and Expense
Interest income decreased $0.5 million in 2009 compared to
2008 due to lower interest rates on investments. Interest income
is derived primarily from investments in money market funds.
Interest expense increased $2.9 million in 2009 compared to
2008 due primarily to prepayment and other transaction fees of
$2.0 million incurred during 2009 to pay off the entire
debt obligation owed under our credit and security agreement
with General Electric Capital Corporation and an increase in
outstanding borrowings.
The change in fair value of the warrants issued on May 22,
2008 and August 1, 2008 in connection with the private
placement resulted in the recognition of a $3.2 million
gain and the change in fair value of the obligation entered into
on May 22, 2008 in connection with the second tranche
resulted in the recognition of a $0.7 million loss during
2008. The obligation relating to the second tranche was settled
on August 1, 2008 and the fair value on settlement of
$0.6 million was recorded in equity. The exercise price of
the warrants was fixed at $5.50 per share on December 31,
2008 based on the Companys ability to achieve over 3,100
ESRD patients prescribed to receive therapy using the System
One. As a result, beginning January 1, 2009, the warrants
were classified in equity and thereafter, no longer result in
the recognition of changes in fair value in earnings.
Provision
for Foreign Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes of $0.3 million in 2009 and
$0.4 million in 2008 relates to the profitable operations
of certain of our foreign entities.
Comparison
of Years Ended December 31, 2008 and 2007
Revenues
Our revenues for 2008 and 2007 were as follows (in thousands,
except percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
System One segment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Home
|
|
$
|
48,319
|
|
|
|
38
|
%
|
|
$
|
29,835
|
|
|
|
50
|
%
|
Critical Care
|
|
|
18,554
|
|
|
|
14
|
%
|
|
|
14,401
|
|
|
|
24
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total System One segment
|
|
|
66,873
|
|
|
|
52
|
%
|
|
|
44,236
|
|
|
|
74
|
%
|
In-Center segment
|
|
|
61,890
|
|
|
|
48
|
%
|
|
|
15,728
|
|
|
|
26
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
128,763
|
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
$
|
59,964
|
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
58
The increase in revenues was attributable to the addition of the
In-Center segment as a result of the Medisystems Acquisition on
October 1, 2007 and increased sales and rentals of the
System One and related disposables in both the critical care and
home markets, primarily as a result of increased patient count
as we continued to penetrate the marketplace.
In the home market, revenues increased $18.5 million, or
62%, in 2008 compared to 2007 as a result of an increase in the
number of patients using and centers offering the System One.
Critical care market revenue increased $4.2 million, or
29%, in 2008 compared to 2007 as a result of sales of additional
System One units, the growth of our installed base of units and
the associated sales of disposables due to our efforts to
continue to penetrate the market.
Revenues in the In-Center segment were $61.9 million during
2008 versus and $15.7 million during 2007. We completed the
Medisystems Acquisition on October 1, 2007 and therefore
the 2007 and 2008 results are not comparable.
Cost of
Revenues and Gross Profit (Deficit)
Our cost of revenues for 2008 and 2007 were as follows (in
thousands, except percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
System One segment
|
|
$
|
57,913
|
|
|
$
|
53,108
|
|
|
$
|
4,805
|
|
|
|
9
|
%
|
In-Center segment
|
|
|
50,474
|
|
|
|
12,859
|
|
|
|
37,615
|
|
|
|
293
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Cost of revenue
|
|
$
|
108,387
|
|
|
$
|
65,967
|
|
|
$
|
42,420
|
|
|
|
64
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The increase in total cost of revenues was attributable
primarily to increased sales volume in the home and critical
care markets and the addition of the In-Center segment as a
result of the Medisystems Acquisition. Gross margin increased to
16% in 2008 compared to a deficit of 10% in 2007. The
improvement in gross margin was a result of the Medisystems
Acquisition, manufacturing cost improvements to the System One
equipment and disposables and the leveraging of our
manufacturing overhead. Additionally, we incurred a one time
inventory charge of $2.0 million relating to a voluntary
recall of our chronic cartridges during 2007.
Selling
and Marketing
Our selling and marketing expenses for 2008 and 2007 were as
follows (in thousands, except percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
System One segment
|
|
$
|
24,491
|
|
|
$
|
20,797
|
|
|
$
|
3,694
|
|
|
|
18
|
%
|
In-Center segment
|
|
|
3,474
|
|
|
|
792
|
|
|
|
2,682
|
|
|
|
339
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Selling and marketing
|
|
$
|
27,965
|
|
|
$
|
21,589
|
|
|
$
|
6,376
|
|
|
|
30
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The increase in selling and marketing expense was primarily the
result of the increase in salary, benefits, payroll taxes and
stock-based compensation for the additional selling and
marketing personnel and the addition of the In-Center segment as
a result of the Medisystems Acquisition.
Research
and Development
Our research and development expenses for 2008 and 2007 were as
follows (in thousands, except percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
$
|
8,890
|
|
|
$
|
6,335
|
|
|
$
|
2,555
|
|
|
|
40
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
59
The increase in research and development expense was primarily
the result of an increase in headcount and related salary,
benefits, payroll taxes and stock-based compensation for
research and development personnel from 2007 to 2008 and
increased clinical trials expenses.
Distribution
Our distribution expenses for 2008 and 2007 were as follows (in
thousands, except percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
System One segment
|
|
$
|
12,631
|
|
|
$
|
12,909
|
|
|
$
|
(278
|
)
|
|
|
(2
|
)%
|
In-Center segment
|
|
|
1,636
|
|
|
|
202
|
|
|
|
1,434
|
|
|
|
710
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Distribution
|
|
$
|
14,267
|
|
|
$
|
13,111
|
|
|
$
|
1,156
|
|
|
|
9
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution expense was 11% of revenue in 2008 compared to 22%
in 2007. The decreased cost of distribution as a percentage of
revenue was due to lower cost of distribution for the In-Center
segment as well as improved shipping rates resulting from our
efforts to successfully negotiate better shipping terms, better
product reliability resulting in fewer expedited shipments and
reduction in cost of shipping bagged fluids as we converted more
patients to our PureFlow SL products.
General
and Administrative
Our general and administrative expenses for 2008 and 2007 were
as follows (in thousands, except percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
$
|
19,239
|
|
|
$
|
13,046
|
|
|
$
|
6,193
|
|
|
|
47
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The increase in general and administrative expenses in 2008
compared to 2007 was primarily due to $2.8 million of
amortization of intangible assets acquired in the Medisystems
Acquisition and an increase in headcount and associated
infrastructure costs of $2.8 million and professional
services including legal, tax and audit fees of
$0.5 million.
General and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue
decreased to 15% in 2008 compared to 22% in 2007. The decrease
was due to our continued initiative to leverage our overhead
structure.
Other
Income and Expense
Interest income decreased $2.4 million, or 83%, in 2008
compared to 2007 due to decreased cash and investments which
were used to fund operations and lower interest rates on
investments. Interest income is derived primarily from
investments in money market funds.
Interest expense increased $2.8 million, or 251%, in 2008
compared to 2007 due to an increase in outstanding borrowings.
Interest expense was derived primarily from borrowings under our
credit and security agreement with General Electric Capital
Corporation that we entered into in November 2007.
The change in fair value of the warrants issued on May 22,
2008 and August 1, 2008 in connection with the private
placement resulted in the recognition of a $3.2 million
gain and the change in fair value of the obligation entered into
on May 22, 2008 in connection with the second tranche
resulted in the recognition of a $0.7 million loss during
2008. The obligation relating to the second tranche was settled
on August 1, 2008 and the fair value on settlement of
$0.6 million was recorded in equity. The exercise price of
the warrants was fixed at $5.50 per share on December 31,
2008 based on the Companys ability to achieve over 3,100
ESRD patients prescribed to receive therapy using the System
One. As a result, beginning January 1, 2009, the
60
warrants were classified in equity and thereafter, no longer
result in the recognition of changes in fair value in earnings.
Provision
for Foreign Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes of $0.4 million in 2008 and
$0.1 million in 2007 relates to the profitable operations
of certain of our foreign entities acquired in the Medisystems
Acquisition on October 1, 2007.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
We have operated at a loss since our inception in 1998. As of
December 31, 2009, our accumulated deficit was
$276.7 million and we had cash and cash equivalents of
approximately $21.7 million.
Our primary ongoing cash requirements will be to fund operating
activities, product development and debt service. Our primary
sources of liquidity are cash on hand and ongoing revenues. A
number of our home market customers, including DaVita, have
purchased System One equipment, with certain customers committed
to purchase, rather than rent, the significant majority of their
future System One equipment requirements. There can, however, be
no assurance that we will be able to expand the percentage of
our equipment placements that are purchased rather than rented.
At December 31, 2009, we had $21.7 million of cash and
cash equivalents and working capital of $36.0 million. A
significant factor affecting the management of our ongoing cash
requirements is our ability to execute upon cost reduction
initiatives to lower product cost. We have the flexibility under
our term loan with Asahi to seek up to $40.0 million in
additional debt at market interest rates to fund our growth
objectives. On March 10, 2010, we entered into a Loan and
Security Agreement, the Agreement, with Silicon Valley Bank,
SVB, for a $15.0 million revolving line of credit with a
maturity date of April 1, 2012. The Agreement is secured by
all or substantially all of our assets. In connection with this
Agreement, we amended our term loan and security agreement with
Asahi to provide for certain amendments, including granting to
Asahi junior liens on certain of our assets for so long as the
Agreement with SVB remains outstanding. Upon termination of all
obligations under that facility, Asahis security will
revert to a security in all assets other than cash, bank
accounts, accounts receivable, field equipment and inventory.
Borrowings under the Agreement bear interest at a floating rate
per annum equal to two percentage points (2.00%) above the prime
rate (initial prime rate of 4%). Pursuant to the Agreement, we
have agreed to certain financial covenants relating to liquidity
requirements and adjusted EBITDA, as defined in our Agreement
with SVB. The Agreement contains events of default customary for
transactions of this type, including nonpayment,
misrepresentation, breach of covenants, material adverse effect
and bankruptcy. We did not draw any amounts under the Agreement
at closing, but may do so in the future to fund working capital
and operating requirements.
In May 2009, we entered into a series of agreements with Asahi.
The agreements are multi-faceted and include a term loan in
which Asahi agreed to provide us with $40.0 million of debt
financing. The term loan bears interest at a rate of 8% per
annum, with fifty percent of such interest being deferred until
the maturity date on May 31, 2013. Principal is payable in
one balloon payment at maturity. The term loan is secured by
substantially all of our assets. In the event the term loan
reaches maturity, Asahi may require that all of the principal
and interest on the term loan that is unpaid as of the maturity
date be converted into shares of our common stock, with the
number of shares to be determined based upon the average closing
stock price of our common stock during the thirty business days
preceding the maturity date, subject to certain conditions. We
used $30.0 million of the proceeds to pay off the entire
debt obligation, including prepayment and other transaction
fees, owed under our credit and security agreement with General
Electric Capital Corporation. We intend to use the remaining
proceeds for operating purposes. In connection with entering
into the loan and security agreement with SVB, we amended the
term loan and security agreement with Asahi to provide for
secondary liens on the SVB collateral.
The term loan agreement with Asahi includes certain affirmative
covenants including timely filings and limitations on contingent
debt obligations and sales of assets. The term loan and security
agreement also contains customary events of default, including
nonpayment, misrepresentation, breach of covenants, material
adverse effects, and bankruptcy. In the event we fail to satisfy
our covenants, or otherwise go into default, Asahi has a number
of remedies, including sale of our assets and acceleration of
all outstanding indebtedness. Any of these remedies would likely
have a material adverse effect on our business.
61
On May 22, 2008, we entered into a $43 million private
placement agreement to sell an aggregate of 9.6 million
shares of our common stock at a price of $4.50 per share and
warrants to purchase 1.9 million shares of our common stock
at an exercise price of $5.50 per share. The exercise price of
the warrants was fixed at $5.50 per share on December 31,
2008 based on the Companys ability to achieve over 3,100
ESRD patients prescribed to receive therapy using the System
One. The warrants have a term of 5 years and expire on
May 28, 2013 and August 1, 2013 for the first and
second tranches respectively. The warrants also contain a net
share settlement feature that is available to investors once the
underlying shares are registered. Additional provisions require
the Company, in the event of a change of control, to pay
promptly to the warrant holder an amount calculated by the
Black-Scholes option pricing formula. Such payment is required
to be in cash or shares in the same proportion that other
stockholders receive in such change of control transaction.
We maintain postemployment benefit plans for employees in
certain foreign subsidiaries. The plans provide lump sum
benefits, payable based on statutory regulations for voluntary
or involuntary termination. Where required, we obtain an annual
actuarial valuation of the benefit plans. We have recorded a
liability of $1.6 million as other long-term liabilities at
December 31, 2009 for costs associated with these plans.
The expense recorded in connection with these plans was not
significant during 2009, 2008 or 2007.
The following table sets forth the components of our cash flows
for the periods indicated (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Net cash used in operating activities
|
|
$
|
(13,157
|
)
|
|
$
|
(53,222
|
)
|
|
$
|
(59,629
|
)
|
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
|
|
|
(2,065
|
)
|
|
|
(457
|
)
|
|
|
2,539
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities
|
|
|
10,031
|
|
|
|
47,575
|
|
|
|
40,204
|
|
Foreign exchange effect on cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
269
|
|
|
|
(499
|
)
|
|
|
172
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash flow
|
|
$
|
(4,922
|
)
|
|
$
|
(6,603
|
)
|
|
$
|
(16,714
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities. For
each of the periods above, net cash used in operating activities
was attributable primarily to net losses after adjustment for
non-cash charges, such as depreciation, amortization and
stock-based compensation expense. Net cash used in operating
activities decreased by $40.1 million and $6.4 million
during the twelve months ended December 31, 2009 and 2008,
respectively. The decrease in net cash used in operating
activities during both periods were primarily due to a decrease
in our net loss after adjustments for non-cash charges, as we
continue to reduce product costs, and a decrease in inventory
purchases for the production and placement of System One and
PureFlow SL hardware as a result of reduced costs and improved
reliability. The decrease in net cash used in operating
activities during 2008 was offset by an increase in cash used
for accounts payable due to timing of vendor payments. Deferred
revenues increased $5.1 million, $10.1 million and
$16.3 million during the years ended December 31,
2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The increase in deferred
revenues was primarily a result of purchases of System One
equipment by certain customers, including DaVita, offset by the
amortization of $6.0 million, $4.3 million and
$0.7 million during 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, of
deferred revenues into revenues. Non-cash transfers from
inventory to field equipment for the placement of rental units
with our customers represented $10.3 million,
$21.8 million and $17.6 million, respectively, during
the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. The
decrease is primarily due to lower equipment costs, improved
equipment reliability and our continued effort to improve
equipment utilization. Non-cash transfers from field equipment
to deferred costs of sales for sales of units to customers
represented $7.4 million, $12.8 million and
$14.7 million during the years ended December 31,
2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Investing
Activities. For each of the periods above, net
cash used in investing activities reflected purchases of
property and equipment, primarily for research and development,
information technology, manufacturing operations and capital
improvements to our facilities. During 2007, net cash provided
by investing activities included $10.7 million of proceeds
from short-term investments and $2.7 million of costs to
acquire Medisystems.
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities. Net
cash provided by financing activities decreased by
$37.5 million during 2009 and increased by
$7.4 million during the twelve months ended
December 31, 2008.
62
Net cash provided by financing activities during 2009 included
$40.0 million of borrowings under our term loan with Asahi
offset by $0.1 million in fees paid in connection with the
Asahi debt issuance, $30.0 million in repayments of
borrowings under our credit and security agreement with GE and a
$0.5 million amendment fee paid in connection with the
March 16, 2009 amendment to our credit and security
agreement with GE. Net cash provided by financing activities
during 2008 included $5.0 million of additional borrowings
under our credit and security agreement with GE and
$42.3 million net proceeds from the sale of
9.6 million shares of our common stock and warrants to
purchase 1.9 million shares of our common stock. Net cash
provided by financing activities during 2007 included
$19.9 million of net proceeds received from the sale to
DaVita of our common stock, $2.7 million of proceeds from
the exercise of stock options and warrants and net borrowings of
$17.6 million.
We have experienced negative operating margins and cash flows
from operations and expect to continue to incur net losses in
the foreseeable future. We believe, based on current
projections, that we have the required resources to fund
operating requirements through 2010 and beyond. Future capital
requirements will depend on many factors, including the rate of
revenue growth, continued progress on improving gross margins,
the expansion of selling and marketing and research and
development activities, the timing and extent of expansion into
new geographies or territories, the timing of new product
introductions and enhancement to existing products, the
continuing market acceptance of products, availability of credit
and potential investments in, or acquisitions of, complementary
businesses, services or technologies.
Contractual
Obligations
The following table summarizes our contractual commitments as of
December 31, 2009 and the effect those commitments are
expected to have on liquidity and cash flow in future periods
(in thousands):
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Less Than
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More Than
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Total
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One Year
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1-3 Years
|
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3-5 Years
|
|
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5 Years
|
|
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Debt obligations
|
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$
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53,355
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|
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$
|
1,732
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|
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$
|
51,623
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|
|
$
|
|
|
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$
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Operating leases
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|
|
3,910
|
|
|
|
1,759
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|
|
|
2,146
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|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase obligations
|
|
|
50,388
|
|
|
|
27,822
|
|
|
|
17,814
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|
|
|
3,168
|
|
|
|
1,584
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
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|
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Total
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$
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107,653
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|
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$
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31,313
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|
|
$
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71,583
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|
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$
|
3,173
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$
|
1,584
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|
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|
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Long-term debt obligations include the aggregate outstanding
principle amount under our $40.0 million term loan with
Asahi and related deferred interest and estimated interest
payments.
Our purchase obligations include purchase commitments for System
One components, primarily for equipment, blood tubing sets,
needles, and fluids pursuant to contractual agreements with
several of our suppliers. Certain of these commitments may be
extended
and/or
canceled at our option.
Summary
of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and
results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial
statements, which have been prepared in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States,
or GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial
statements requires us to make significant estimates and
judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets,
liabilities, revenues and expenses. These items are regularly
monitored and analyzed by management for changes in facts and
circumstances, and material changes in these estimates could
occur in the future. Changes in estimates are recorded in the
period in which they become known. We base our estimates on
historical experience and various other assumptions that we
believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results
may differ substantially from our estimates.
A summary of those accounting policies and estimates that we
believe are most critical to fully understanding and evaluating
our financial results is set forth below. This summary should be
read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements
and the related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report
on
Form 10-K.
63
Revenue
Recognition
We recognize revenue from product sales and services when
earned. Revenues are recognized when: (a) there is
persuasive evidence of an arrangement, (b) the product has
been shipped or services and supplies have been provided to the
customer, (c) the sales price is fixed or determinable and
(d) collection is reasonably assured. Our revenue
arrangements with multiple elements are divided into separate
units of accounting if specified criteria are met, including
whether the delivered element has stand-alone value to the
customer and whether there is objective and reliable evidence of
the fair value of the undelivered items. The consideration
received is allocated among the separate units based on their
respective fair values, and the applicable revenue recognition
criteria are applied to each of the separate units.
Certain agreements with distributors allow for product returns
and credits. For shipment of product sold to distributors,
revenue is recognized at the time of sale if a reasonable
estimate of future returns or refunds can be made. If a
reasonable estimate of future returns or refunds cannot be made,
we recognize revenue using the sell-through method.
Under the sell-through method, revenue and related
costs of revenue is deferred until the final resale of such
products to end customers.
System
One Segment
We derive revenue in the home market from the sales of
hemodialysis therapy to customers in which the customer either
purchases or rents the System One and PureFlow SL hardware and
purchases a specified number of disposable products and, in some
instances, service.
Under the rental arrangements, which combine the use of the
System One and PureFlow SL hardware with a specified number of
disposable products supplied to customers for a fixed price per
month, revenue is recognized on a monthly basis in accordance
with agreed upon contract terms and pursuant to binding customer
purchase orders and fixed payment terms.
For customers that purchase the System One and PureFlow SL
hardware, we must determine whether (a) the equipment has
stand-alone value and (b) the fair value of the undelivered
items, typically the disposables and, in some instances service,
can be determined. If either criteria is not met, which is
generally the case, the arrangement is accounted for as a single
unit of accounting and the fees received upon the completion of
delivery of equipment are deferred and recognized as revenue on
a straight-line basis over the expected term of our remaining
obligation and direct costs relating to the delivered equipment
are amortized over the same period as the related revenue, while
disposable products revenue is recognized on a monthly basis
upon delivery. If both criteria are met, then the items are
accounted for separately as delivered.
In the critical care market, we structure sales of the System
One as direct product sales. We recognize revenue from direct
product sales at the later of the time of shipment or, if
applicable, delivery in accordance with contract terms.
Our contracts for the System One in the critical care market
provide for training, technical support and warranty services to
our customers. We recognize training and technical support
revenue when the related services are performed. In the case of
extended warranty, the revenue is recognized ratably over the
warranty period.
In-Center
Segment
In the In-Center segment, nearly all sales to end users are
structured through supply and distribution contracts with
distributors. Some of our distribution contracts for the
In-Center segment contain minimum volume commitments with
negotiated pricing discounts at different volume tiers. Each
agreement may be cancelled upon a material breach, subject to
certain curing rights, and in many instances minimum volume
commitments can be reduced or eliminated upon certain events.
In addition to contractually determined volume discounts, in
many agreements we offer rebates based on sales to specific end
customers and discount incentives for early payment. Discounts
and incentives are
64
recorded as a reduction of sales and trade accounts receivable,
based on our best estimate of the amount of probable future
rebate or discount on current sales.
Inventory
Valuation
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or estimated market.
We regularly review our inventory quantities on hand and related
cost and record a provision for excess or obsolete inventory
primarily based on an estimated forecast of product demand for
each of our existing product configurations. We also review our
inventory value to determine if it reflects lower of cost or
market, with market determined based on net realizable value.
Appropriate consideration is given to inventory items sold at
negative gross margins, purchase commitments and other factors
in evaluating net realizable value. The medical device industry
is characterized by rapid development and technological advances
as well as regulatory and quality manufacturing guidelines that
could result in obsolescence of inventory. Additionally, our
estimates of future product demand may prove to be inaccurate.
Field
Equipment
Field equipment consists of equipment being utilized under
disposable-based rental agreements as well as service
pool cyclers. Service pool cyclers are cyclers owned and
maintained by us that are swapped for cyclers that need repairs
or maintenance by us while being rented or owned by a patient.
We continually monitor the number of cyclers in the service
pool, as well as cyclers that are in-transit or otherwise not
being used by a patient, and assess whether there are any
indicators of impairment for such equipment.
We capitalize field equipment at cost and amortize field
equipment through cost of revenues using the straight-line
method over an estimated useful life of five years. We review
the estimated useful life of five years periodically for
reasonableness. Factors considered in determining the
reasonableness of the useful life include industry practice and
the typical amortization periods used for like equipment, the
frequency and scope of service returns and the impact of planned
design improvements. We also review field equipment carrying
value for reasonableness. We consider factors such as actual
equipment disposals and our ability to verify the
equipments existence in the field to identify lost
equipment. Charges for lost equipment are included in
distribution expenses.
Accounting
for Stock-Based Awards
Stock-based compensation expense is estimated as of the grant
date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as
expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service
period, which generally equals the vesting period, based on the
number of awards that are expected to vest. Estimating the fair
value for stock options requires judgment, including the
expected term of our stock options, volatility of our stock,
expected dividends, risk-free interest rates over the expected
term of the options and the expected forfeiture rate. In
connection with our restricted stock programs, we make
assumptions principally related to the number of awards that are
expected to vest.
Intangibles
and Other Long-Lived Assets
Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated
amortization. For assets with determinable useful lives,
amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the
estimated economic lives of the respective intangible assets.
Furthermore, for our long-lived assets including intangible
assets, we assess the carrying value of these assets whenever
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying
value may not be recoverable. If an impairment review is
triggered, we evaluate the carrying value of intangible assets
based on estimated undiscounted future cash flows over the
remaining useful life of the assets and comparing that value to
the carrying value of the assets. The amount of impairment, if
any, is measured based on fair value, which is determined using
projected discounted future operating cash flows. The cash flows
that are used contain our best estimates, using appropriate and
customary assumptions and projections at the time. Assets to be
disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or
fair value less selling costs.
65
Goodwill
We assess goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter
and whenever events or circumstances indicate an impairment may
exist. Goodwill may be considered impaired if we determine that
the carrying value of our reporting unit, including goodwill,
exceeds the reporting units fair value. Our reporting
units are our System One and In-center operating segments.
Assessing the impairment of goodwill requires us to make
assumptions and judgments including the identification of
reporting units and determination of the fair value of the net
assets of our reporting units. We estimate reporting unit fair
value using a discounted cash flow approach which requires the
use of assumptions and judgments including estimates of future
cash flows and the selection of discount rates. Our annual
impairment testing indicated no significant risk of impairment
based upon changes in value that are reasonably likely to occur.
However, changes in these estimates and assumptions could
materially affect the estimated fair values of reporting units.
Accounting
for Income Taxes
We record the tax effect of transactions when such transactions
are recorded in our consolidated statement of operations, with
deferred taxes provided for items that are recognized in
different periods for financial statement and tax reporting
purposes. Due to uncertainty surrounding the realization of
deferred tax assets through future taxable income, we have
provided a full valuation allowance and no benefit has been
recognized for the net operating loss carryforward and other
deferred tax assets. Accordingly, a valuation allowance for the
full amount of the deferred tax asset has been established as of
December 31, 2009 and 2008 to reflect these uncertainties.
We periodically assess our income tax positions and record tax
benefits for all years subject to examination based upon our
evaluation of the facts, circumstances and information available
at the reporting date. For those positions where it is more
likely than not that a tax benefit will be sustained, we record
the largest amount of tax benefit with a greater than
50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate
settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of
all relevant information. For those income tax positions where
it is not more likely than not that a tax benefit will be
sustained, no tax benefit is recognized in the financial
statements. If our judgment as to the likely resolution of the
position changes, if the matter is ultimately settled or if the
statute of limitation expires, the effects of the change would
be recognized in the period in which the change, resolution or
expiration occurs.
We file federal, state and foreign tax returns. We have
accumulated significant losses since our inception in 1998.
Since the net operating losses may potentially be utilized in
future years to reduce taxable income, all of our tax years
remain open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions to
which we are subject.
Related-Party
Transactions
On June 4, 2007, we entered into a stock purchase agreement
with David S. Utterberg, a director and significant stockholder,
under which we agreed to purchase from Mr. Utterberg the
issued and outstanding shares of Medisystems Corporation and
certain affiliated entities, which we refer to as the MDS
Entities, in exchange for the issuance of 6.5 million
shares of our common stock. We may be required to issue
additional shares of common stock to Mr. Utterberg because,
pursuant to the terms of the stock purchase agreement,
Mr. Utterberg and we have agreed to indemnify each other in
the event of certain breaches or failures, and any such
indemnification amounts must be paid in shares of our common
stock, valued at the time of payment. However, we will not be
required to issue shares for indemnification purposes that in
the aggregate would exceed 20% of the then outstanding shares of
our common stock without first obtaining stockholder approval,
and any such shares will not be registered under the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended. The stock purchase agreement provided
that an aggregate of one million shares would be held back in
escrow to secure any indemnification obligations of
Mr. Utterberg for a period of two years. All shares have
been released from escrow, consistent with the terms of the
escrow agreement entered into between the parties. In connection
with the acquisition of the MDS Entities we assumed a
$2.8 million liability owed to DSU Medical Corporation, or
DSU, a Nevada corporation, which is wholly-owned by
Mr. Utterberg. We paid the liability during 2008. As a
condition to the parties obligations to consummate the
Medisystems Acquisition, Mr. Utterberg and DSU
66
entered into a consulting agreement with us, dated
October 1, 2007. We paid Mr. Utterberg and DSU
$150,000, $200,000 and $50,000 during 2009, 2008 and 2007,
respectively, in consideration for services performed under this
agreement. Finally, in connection with the Medisystems
Acquisition, we also agreed that if Mr. Utterberg is no
longer a director of NxStage, our Board of Directors will
nominate for election to our Board of Directors any director
nominee proposed by Mr. Utterberg, subject to certain
conditions.
On May 22, 2008, we entered into Securities Purchase
Agreements relating to a private placement of shares of our
common stock and warrants to purchase shares of our common
stock. The private placement took place in two closings, on
May 28, 2008 and August 1, 2008, and raised
$25.0 million and $18.0 million, respectively, in
gross proceeds. Participants in the private placement consisted
of unaffiliated and affiliated accredited institutional
investors. One of these investors, the Sprout Group, is
affiliated with one of our Board members, Dr. Philippe O.
Chambon. The Sprout Group purchased 1.0 million shares and
warrants to purchase 0.2 million shares of our common stock
at a price similar to that of unaffiliated investors. Under
applicable rules of the NASDAQ Global Market, the second closing
of the private placement, which included all shares issued to
the Sprout Group and other affiliated accredited institutional
investors, was subject to stockholder approval, which was
obtained at a special meeting on July 31, 2008.
We entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with OrbiMed
Advisors, LLC, or OrbiMed, in connection with the private
placement which required that we appoint one individual
nominated by OrbiMed to our Board of Directors upon the earlier
of the second closing of the private placement or sixty days
after the first closing of the private placement. The
appointment of Mr. Jonathan Silverstein, a general partner
of OrbiMed, on July 23, 2008, to the Board satisfied this
requirement. OrbiMed purchased an aggregate of 5.6 million
shares and warrants to purchase 1.1 million shares of our
common stock in connection with the private placement at a price
similar to that of unaffiliated investors.
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
Effective January 1, 2009, we adopted a new accounting
standard update regarding business combinations. As codified
under Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 805, this
update provides that, upon initially obtaining control, an
acquirer shall recognize 100 percent of the fair values of
acquired assets, including goodwill and assumed liabilities,
with only limited exceptions, even if the acquirer has not
acquired 100 percent of its target. As a consequence, the
step acquisition model will be eliminated. Additionally, it
changes current practice, in part, as follows:
(1) contingent consideration arrangements will be recorded
at their estimated fair valued at the acquisition date and
included on that basis in the purchase price consideration;
(2) transaction costs will be expensed as incurred, rather
than capitalized as part of the purchase price;
(3) pre-acquisition contingencies will generally have to be
accounted for in purchase accounting at fair value to the extent
that such value can be objectively determined;
(4) in-process research and development will be capitalized
and either amortized over the life of the product or written off
if the project is abandoned or impaired; (5) changes in
deferred tax asset valuation allowances and income tax
uncertainties after the acquisition date generally will affect
income tax expense; and (6) restructuring costs generally
will be expensed in periods subsequent to the acquisition date.
Since this accounting update is applicable to future
acquisitions completed after January 1, 2009 and we have
not had any business combinations subsequent to January 1,
2009 to date, the adoption of this update did not have an impact
on our consolidated financial statements. This accounting update
also amended accounting for uncertainty in income taxes such
that adjustments made to valuation allowances on deferred taxes
and acquired tax contingencies associated with acquisitions that
closed prior to the effective date of ASC 805 would also follow
the provisions of this update. Thus, all changes to valuation
allowances and liabilities for uncertain tax positions
established in purchase accounting will be recognized in current
period income tax expense.
Effective January 1, 2009, we adopted an accounting
standard update as codified under ASC 815 that requires the
application of a two-step approach in evaluating whether an
equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded feature) is
indexed to a companys own stock, including evaluating the
instruments contingent
67
exercise and settlement provisions, and must be applied to all
instruments outstanding on the date of adoption. The adoption of
this update did not have an impact our consolidated financial
statements.
Effective April 1, 2009, we adopted an accounting standard
update as codified under ASC
820-10-65
which provides guidelines for making fair value measurements
more consistent and provides additional authoritative guidance
in determining whether a market is active or inactive, and
whether a transaction is distressed this guidance is applicable
to all assets and liabilities (i.e. financial and nonfinancial)
and will require enhanced disclosures. The adoption of this
update did not have an impact on our consolidated financial
statements.
Effective April 1, 2009, we adopted a new accounting
standard update as codified under ASC 825. This update requires
expanded disclosures about the fair value of financial
instruments in interim as well as in annual financial statements
and also requires those disclosures in all interim financial
statements. The adoption of this standard has resulted in the
enhanced disclosure of the fair values attributable to debt
instruments within this annual report. Since this update
addresses disclosure requirements, the adoption of this update
did not impact our financial position, results of operations or
cash flows.
Effective April 1, 2009, we adopted an accounting standard
update as codified under ASC
320-10-65,
which provides additional guidance to provide greater clarity
about the credit and noncredit component of an
other-than-temporary
impairment event related to debt securities and to more
effectively communicate when an
other-than-temporary
impairment event has occurred. The adoption of this update did
not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Effective June 30, 2009, we adopted a new accounting
standard for subsequent events as codified in ASC
855-10. The
update provides guidance to establish general standards of
accounting for and disclosures of events that occur after the
balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or
are available to be issued. The adoption of this standard did
not impact our financial position, results of operations or cash
flows.
Effective July 1, 2009, we adopted The FASB
Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or ASC 105. This
standard establishes only two levels of generally accepted
accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP,
authoritative and nonauthoritative. The Financial Accounting
Standards Board, or FASB, ASC became the source of
authoritative, nongovernmental GAAP, except for rules and
interpretive releases of the SEC, which are sources of
authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. All other
non-grandfathered, non-SEC accounting literature not included in
the Codification became nonauthoritative. We began using the new
guidelines and numbering system prescribed by the Codification
when referring to GAAP in the third quarter of fiscal 2009. As
the Codification was not intended to change or alter existing
GAAP, it did not have any impact on our consolidated financial
statements.
In June 2009, the FASB issued the following new accounting
standard which has not yet been integrated into the
Codification, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 166, Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets,
an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140, or
SFAS 166. Accordingly, SFAS 166 will remain
authoritative until integrated. SFAS 166 prescribes the
information that a reporting entity must provide in its
financial reports about a transfer of financial assets; the
effects of a transfer on its financial position, financial
performance, and cash flows; and a transferors continuing
involvement in transferred financial assets. Specifically, among
other aspects, SFAS 166 amends SFAS No. 140,
Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets
and Extinguishments of Liabilities, or SFAS 140, by
removing the concept of a qualifying special-purpose entity from
SFAS 140 and removes the exception from applying FASB
Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable
Interest Entities (revised), or FIN 46(R), to variable
interest entities that are qualifying special-purpose entities.
It also modifies the financial-components approach used in
SFAS 140. SFAS 166 is effective for transfer of
financial assets occurring on or after January 1, 2010. We
have not determined the effect the adoption of SFAS 166
will have on our financial statements, but the effect will be
limited to future transactions.
In August 2009, the FASB issued Update
No. 2009-05,
which amends ASC 820 to provide further guidance on how to
measure the fair value of a liability, an area where
practitioners have been seeking further guidance. It primarily
does three things: 1) sets forth the types of valuation
techniques to be used to value a
68
liability when a quoted price in an active market for the
identical liability is not available, 2) clarifies that
when estimating the fair value of a liability, a reporting
entity is not required to include a separate input or adjustment
to other inputs relating to the existence of a restriction that
prevents the transfer of the liability and 3) clarifies
that both a quoted price in an active market for the identical
liability at the measurement date and the quoted price for the
identical liability when traded as an asset in an active market
when no adjustments to the quoted price of the asset are
required are Level 1 fair value measurements. The update
became effective during our fourth quarter of 2009. The adoption
of this update did not impact our consolidated financial
statements.
In September 2009, the FASB issued Update
No. 2009-13,
Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements a
consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force, or ASU
2009-13. It
updates the existing multiple-element revenue arrangements
guidance currently included under ASC
605-25,
which originated primarily from the guidance in Emerging Issues
Task Force Issue
No. 00-21,
Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables. The
revised guidance primarily provides two significant changes:
1) eliminates the need for objective and reliable evidence
of the fair value for the undelivered element in order for a
delivered item to be treated as a separate unit of accounting,
and 2) eliminates the residual method to allocate the
arrangement consideration. In addition, the guidance also
expands the disclosure requirements for revenue recognition. The
update will be effective for the first annual reporting period
beginning on or after June 15, 2010, with early adoption
permitted provided that the revised guidance is retroactively
applied to the beginning of the year of adoption. We are
currently assessing the future impact of this new accounting
update to our consolidated financial statements.
In September 2009, the FASB issued Update
No. 2009-14,
Certain Revenue Arrangements That Include Software
Elements a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues
Task Force, or ASU
2009-14. It
amends ASC
985-605 such
that tangible products, containing both software and
non-software components that function together to deliver the
tangible products essential functionality, are no longer
within the scope of ASC
985-605. It
also amends the determination of how arrangement consideration
should be allocated to deliverables in a multiple-deliverable
revenue arrangement. This ASU will become effective for us for
revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified on or
after April 1, 2011. Earlier application is permitted with
required transition disclosures based on the period of adoption.
The adoption of this update will not have an impact on our
consolidated financial statements as we have concluded the
software component of our tangible products to be incidental.
|
|
Item 7A.
|
Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
|
Interest
Rate Exposure
Our investment portfolio consists primarily of money market
funds. We manage our investment portfolio in accordance with our
investment policy. The primary objectives of our investment
policy are to preserve principal, maintain a high degree of
liquidity to meet operating needs and obtain competitive returns
subject to prevailing market conditions. Our investments are
subject to changes in credit rating and changes in market value.
These investments are also subject to interest rate risk and
will decrease in value if market interest rates increase. Due to
the conservative nature of our investments, we believe interest
rate risk is mitigated. Our investment policy specifies the
credit quality standards for our investments and limits the
amount of exposure from any single issue, issuer or type of
investment.
69
Foreign
Currency Exposure
We operate a manufacturing and research facility in Germany as
well as manufacturing facilities in Italy and Mexico. We
purchase materials for those facilities and pay our employees at
those facilities in Euros and Pesos. In addition, we purchase
products for resale in the United States from foreign companies
and have agreed to pay them in currencies other than the
U.S. dollar, including the Euro and Peso. We also have
contracts with key suppliers that expose us to foreign currency
risks. As a result, our expenses and cash flows are subject to
fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
In periods when the U.S. dollar declines in value as
compared to the foreign currencies in which we incur expenses,
our foreign-currency based expenses increase when translated
into U.S. dollars. Although it is possible to do so and we
may in the future, we do not currently hedge our foreign
currency transactions since the exposure has not been material
to our historical operating results. A 10% movement in the Euro
and Peso would have an overall impact to the statement of
operations of approximately $2.0 million for 2009, which
would have been approximately 1.0% of total annual expenses.
70
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|
Item 8.
|
Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data
|
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
INDEX TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
71
REPORT OF
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of NxStage Medical, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
NxStage Medical, Inc. as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and
the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in
stockholders equity, and cash flows for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 2009. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the
Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are
free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in
the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated
financial position of NxStage Medical, Inc. at December 31,
2009 and 2008, and the consolidated results of its operations
and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 2009, in conformity with
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States),
NxStage Medical, Inc.s internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria
established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission and our report dated March 12, 2010 expressed an
unqualified opinion thereon.
Boston, Massachusetts
March 12, 2010
72
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except share data)
|
|
|
ASSETS
|
Current assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
21,720
|
|
|
$
|
26,642
|
|
Accounts receivable, net
|
|
|
14,238
|
|
|
|
11,886
|
|
Inventory
|
|
|
28,117
|
|
|
|
30,862
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
1,227
|
|
|
|
2,011
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
65,302
|
|
|
|
71,401
|
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
|
10,336
|
|
|
|
12,254
|
|
Field equipment, net
|
|
|
21,726
|
|
|
|
30,445
|
|
Deferred cost of revenues
|
|
|
27,799
|
|
|
|
23,711
|
|
Intangible assets, net
|
|
|
28,208
|
|
|
|
31,004
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
42,698
|
|
|
|
42,698
|
|
Other assets
|
|
|
909
|
|
|
|
553
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
196,978
|
|
|
$
|
212,066
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
|
Current liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
$
|
19,827
|
|
|
$
|
17,183
|
|
Accrued expenses
|
|
|
9,377
|
|
|
|
10,746
|
|
Current portion of long-term debt
|
|
|
61
|
|
|
|
9,110
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
29,265
|
|
|
|
37,039
|
|
Deferred revenue
|
|
|
38,490
|
|
|
|
29,634
|
|
Long-term debt
|
|
|
37,854
|
|
|
|
21,054
|
|
Other long-term liabilities
|
|
|
1,923
|
|
|
|
1,892
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
107,532
|
|
|
|
89,619
|
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders equity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Undesignated preferred stock: par value $0.001,
5,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and
outstanding as of December 31, 2009 and 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock: par value $0.001, 100,000,000 shares
authorized; 46,795,859 and 46,548,585 shares issued and
outstanding as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
|
47
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
|
|
365,548
|
|
|
|
355,266
|
|
Accumulated deficit
|
|
|
(276,714
|
)
|
|
|
(233,247
|
)
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income
|
|
|
565
|
|
|
|
381
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity
|
|
|
89,446
|
|
|
|
122,447
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and stockholders equity
|
|
$
|
196,978
|
|
|
$
|
212,066
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial
statements.
73
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except per share data)
|
|
|
Revenues
|
|
$
|
148,676
|
|
|
$
|
128,763
|
|
|
$
|
59,964
|
|
Cost of revenues
|
|
|
111,812
|
|
|
|
108,387
|
|
|
|
65,967
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit (deficit)
|
|
|
36,864
|
|
|
|
20,376
|
|
|
|
(6,003
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling and marketing
|
|
|
30,047
|
|
|
|
27,965
|
|
|
|
21,589
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
9,814
|
|
|
|
8,890
|
|
|
|
6,335
|
|
Distribution
|
|
|
13,918
|
|
|
|
14,267
|
|
|
|
13,111
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
19,532
|
|
|
|
19,239
|
|
|
|
13,046
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
73,311
|
|
|
|
70,361
|
|
|
|
54,081
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from operations
|
|
|
(36,447
|
)
|
|
|
(49,985
|
)
|
|
|
(60,084
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other (expense) income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
|
489
|
|
|
|
2,855
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(6,790
|
)
|
|
|
(3,877
|
)
|
|
|
(1,105
|
)
|
Change in fair value of financial instruments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,536
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6,755
|
)
|
|
|
(852
|
)
|
|
|
1,750
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss before income taxes
|
|
|
(43,202
|
)
|
|
|
(50,837
|
)
|
|
|
(58,334
|
)
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
|
265
|
|
|
|
374
|
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
$
|
(43,467
|
)
|
|
$
|
(51,211
|
)
|
|
$
|
(58,396
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per share, basic and diluted
|
|
$
|
(0.93
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1.23
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1.86
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-average shares outstanding, basic and diluted
|
|
|
46,627
|
|
|
|
41,803
|
|
|
|
31,426
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial
statements.
74
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
Paid-In
|
|
|
Accumulated
|
|
|
Income
|
|
|
Stockholders
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Capital
|
|
|
Deficit
|
|
|
(Loss)
|
|
|
Equity
|
|
|
|
(In thousands, except share data)
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2006
|
|
|
27,806,543
|
|
|
$
|
28
|
|
|
$
|
206,848
|
|
|
$
|
(123,640
|
)
|
|
$
|
173
|
|
|
$
|
83,409
|
|
Comprehensive income (loss):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(58,396
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(58,396
|
)
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
371
|
|
|
|
371
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive income (loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(58,025
|
)
|
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs
|
|
|
2,000,000
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
16,937
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,939
|
|
Exercise of stock options
|
|
|
392,028
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,354
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,354
|
|
Exercise of warrants
|
|
|
21,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares issued under employee stock purchase and incentive plan
|
|
|
35,967
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
341
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
341
|
|
Shares issued to Directors in lieu of cash
|
|
|
16,355
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
225
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
225
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,224
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,224
|
|
Shares issued for Medisystems acquisition
|
|
|
6,500,000
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
81,243
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
81,250
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2007
|
|
|
36,771,893
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
311,172
|
|
|
|
(182,036
|
)
|
|
|
544
|
|
|
|
129,717
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive income (loss):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(51,211
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(51,211
|
)
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(163
|
)
|
|
|
(163
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive (loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(51,374
|
)
|
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs
|
|
|
9,555,556
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
37,880
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
37,890
|
|
Exercise of stock options
|
|
|
71,547
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
103
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
103
|
|
Shares issued under employee stock purchase and incentive plan
|
|
|
95,102
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
377
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
377
|
|
Shares issued to Directors in lieu of cash
|
|
|
54,487
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
220
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
220
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,514
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,514
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2008
|
|
|
46,548,585
|
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
|
355,266
|
|
|
|
(233,247
|
)
|
|
|
381
|
|
|
|
122,447
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive income (loss):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(43,467
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(43,467
|
)
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
184
|
|
|
|
184
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive (loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(43,283
|
)
|
Reclassificaion warrant liability to equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,858
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,858
|
|
Exercise of stock options
|
|
|
86,927
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
270
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
270
|
|
Shares issued under employee stock purchase and incentive plan
|
|
|
116,799
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
403
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
403
|
|
Shares issued to Directors in lieu of cash
|
|
|
43,548
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
196
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
196
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,555
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,555
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2009
|
|
|
46,795,859
|
|
|
$
|
47
|
|
|
$
|
365,548
|
|
|
$
|
(276,714
|
)
|
|
$
|
565
|
|
|
$
|
89,446
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial
statements.
75
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
|
Cash flows from operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
$
|
(43,467
|
)
|
|
$
|
(51,211
|
)
|
|
$
|
(58,396
|
)
|
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating
activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
20,778
|
|
|
|
19,201
|
|
|
|
9,277
|
|
Amortization of inventory
step-up
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
|
1,520
|
|
Stock-based compensation
|
|
|
9,226
|
|
|
|
5,842
|
|
|
|
3,449
|
|
Change in fair value of financial instruments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,536
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
2,690
|
|
|
|
1,038
|
|
|
|
248
|
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
|
(2,208
|
)
|
|
|
(4,761
|
)
|
|
|
(3,597
|
)
|
Inventory
|
|
|
(9,209
|
)
|
|
|
(23,431
|
)
|
|
|
(41,344
|
)
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
1,513
|
|
|
|
747
|
|
|
|
405
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
|
2,568
|
|
|
|
(4,626
|
)
|
|
|
10,202
|
|
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
|
|
|
(119
|
)
|
|
|
(3,641
|
)
|
|
|
2,305
|
|
Deferred revenue
|
|
|
5,071
|
|
|
|
10,104
|
|
|
|
16,302
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in operating activities
|
|
|
(13,157
|
)
|
|
|
(53,222
|
)
|
|
|
(59,629
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of property and equipment
|
|
|
(1,725
|
)
|
|
|
(3,037
|
)
|
|
|
(3,788
|
)
|
Maturities of short-term investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,100
|
|
|
|
30,410
|
|
Purchases of short-term investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(19,667
|
)
|
Acquisition costs, net of cash acquired
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,749
|
)
|
(Increase) decrease in other assets
|
|
|
(340
|
)
|
|
|
1,480
|
|
|
|
(1,667
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
|
|
|
(2,065
|
)
|
|
|
(457
|
)
|
|
|
2,539
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of common stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
42,284
|
|
|
|
19,939
|
|
Proceeds from stock option and purchase plans
|
|
|
673
|
|
|
|
372
|
|
|
|
2,695
|
|
Proceeds from loans and lines of credit
|
|
|
39,895
|
|
|
|
5,000
|
|
|
|
25,000
|
|
Net repayments on loans and lines of credit
|
|
|
(30,537
|
)
|
|
|
(81
|
)
|
|
|
(7,430
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities
|
|
|
10,031
|
|
|
|
47,575
|
|
|
|
40,204
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign exchange effect on cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
269
|
|
|
|
(499
|
)
|
|
|
172
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
(4,922
|
)
|
|
|
(6,603
|
)
|
|
|
(16,714
|
)
|
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
|
|
|
26,642
|
|
|
|
33,245
|
|
|
|
49,959
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
|
|
$
|
21,720
|
|
|
$
|
26,642
|
|
|
$
|
33,245
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental Disclosures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid for interest
|
|
$
|
4,749
|
|
|
$
|
3,308
|
|
|
$
|
897
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid for taxes
|
|
$
|
401
|
|
|
$
|
641
|
|
|
$
|
91
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Noncash Investing Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transfers from inventory to field equipment and deferred cost of
revenues
|
|
$
|
10,315
|
|
|
$
|
21,833
|
|
|
$
|
17,602
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transfers from field equipment to deferred cost of revenues
|
|
$
|
7,358
|
|
|
$
|
12,759
|
|
|
$
|
14,712
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial
statements.
76
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NxStage Medical, Inc., or the Company, is a medical device
company that develops, manufactures and markets innovative
products for the treatment of kidney failure, fluid overload and
related blood treatments and procedures. The Companys
primary product, the NxStage System One, was designed to satisfy
an unmet clinical need for a system that can deliver the
therapeutic flexibility and clinical benefits associated with
traditional dialysis machines in a smaller, portable,
easy-to-use form that can be used by healthcare professionals
and trained lay users alike in a variety of settings, including
patient homes, as well as more traditional care settings such as
hospitals and dialysis centers. The System One is cleared by the
United States Food and Drug Administration, or the FDA, and sold
commercially in the United States for the treatment of acute and
chronic kidney failure and fluid overload. The System One
consists of an electromechanical medical device (cycler), a
disposable blood tubing set and a dialyzer (filter) pre-mounted
in a disposable, single-use cartridge. Dialysate used in
conjunction with this system in the home is most frequently
prepared using the Companys PureFlow SL hardware and
premixed concentrate bags. The Company also sells needles and
blood tubing to dialysis centers for the treatment of end-stage
renal disease, or ESRD.
The Company has experienced negative operating margins and cash
flows from operations and it expects to continue to incur net
losses in the foreseeable future. The Company believes, based on
current projections, that it has the required resources to fund
operating requirements through 2010 and beyond. Future capital
requirements will depend on many factors, including the rate of
revenue growth, continued progress on improving gross margins,
the expansion of selling and marketing and research and
development activities, the timing and extent of expansion into
new geographies or territories, the timing of new product
introductions and enhancement to existing products, the
continuing market acceptance of products, availability of credit
and potential investments in, or acquisitions of, complementary
businesses, services or technologies.
|
|
2.
|
Summary
of Significant Accounting Policies
|
Principles
of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the
accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All
material intercompany transactions and balances have been
eliminated in consolidation. Certain reclassifications have been
made to prior years financial statements to conform to the
2009 presentation.
Use of
Estimates
The preparation of the Companys consolidated financial
statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles in the United States requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets
and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting
period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue
Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue from product sales and services
when earned. Revenues are recognized when: (a) there is
persuasive evidence of an arrangement, (b) the product has
been shipped or services and supplies have been provided to the
customer, (c) the sales price is fixed or determinable and
(d) collection is reasonably assured. The Companys
revenue arrangements with multiple elements are divided into
separate units of accounting if specified criteria are met,
including whether the delivered element has stand-alone value to
the customer and whether there is objective and reliable
evidence of the fair value of the undelivered items. The
consideration received is allocated among the separate units
based on their respective fair values, and the applicable
revenue recognition criteria are applied to each of the separate
units.
77
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Certain agreements with distributors allow for product returns
and credits. For shipment of product sold to distributors
revenue is recognized at the time of sale if a reasonable
estimate of future returns or refunds can be made. If a
reasonable estimate of future returns or refunds cannot be made,
the Company recognizes revenue using the
sell-through method. Under the
sell-through method, revenue and related costs of
revenue is deferred until the final resale of such products to
end customers.
System
One Segment
The Company derives its revenue in the home market from the
sales of hemodialysis therapy to customers in which the customer
either purchases or rents the System One and PureFlow SL
hardware and purchases a specified number of disposable products
and, in some instances, service.
Under the rental arrangements, which combine the use of the
System One and PureFlow SL hardware with a specified number of
disposable products supplied to customers for a fixed price per
month, revenue is recognized on a monthly basis in accordance
with agreed upon contract terms and pursuant to binding customer
purchase orders and fixed payment terms.
For customers that purchase the System One and PureFlow SL
hardware, the Company must determine whether (a) the
equipment has stand-alone value and (b) the fair value of
the undelivered items, typically the disposables and, in some
instances service, can be determined. If either criteria is not
met, which is generally the case, the arrangement is accounted
for as a single unit of accounting and the fees received upon
the completion of delivery of equipment are deferred and
recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the expected
term of the Companys remaining obligation and direct costs
relating to the delivered equipment are amortized over the same
period as the related revenue, while disposable products revenue
is recognized on a monthly basis upon delivery. If both criteria
are met, then the items are accounted for separately as
delivered.
In the critical care market, the Company structures sales of the
System One primarily as direct product sales. The Company
recognizes revenue from direct product sales at the later of the
time of shipment or, if applicable, delivery in accordance with
contract terms.
The Companys contracts for the System One in the critical
care market provide for training, technical support and warranty
services to its customers. The Company recognizes training and
technical support revenue when the related services are
performed. In the case of extended warranty, the revenue is
recognized ratably over the warranty period.
In-Center
Segment
In the In-Center segment, nearly all sales to end users are
structured through supply and distribution contracts with
distributors. Some of the Companys distribution contracts
for the In-Center segment contain minimum volume commitments
with negotiated pricing discounts at different volume tiers.
Each agreement may be cancelled upon a material breach, subject
to certain curing rights, and in many instances minimum volume
commitments can be reduced or eliminated upon certain events.
In addition to contractually determined volume discounts, in
many agreements the Company offers rebates based on sales to
specific end customers and discount incentives for early
payment. Discounts and sales incentives are recorded as a
reduction of revenues and trade accounts receivable, based on
the Companys best estimate of the amount of probable
future rebate or discount on current sales.
Foreign
Currency Translation and Transactions
Assets and liabilities of the Companys foreign operations
are translated into U.S. dollars at current exchange rates,
and income and expense items are translated at average rates of
exchange prevailing during the year. Gains and losses realized
from transactions denominated in foreign currencies, including
78
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
intercompany balances not considered permanent investments, are
included in the consolidated statements of operations and
totaled $0.3 million, $0.1 million and
$0.7 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Cash,
Cash Equivalents, Marketable Securities and Restricted
Cash
The Company considers all highly-liquid investments purchased
with original maturities of 90 days or less to be cash
equivalents. Cash equivalents include amounts invested in
federal agency securities, commercial paper and money market
funds. Cash equivalents are stated at cost plus accrued
interest, which approximates market value.
The Company had $0.6 million and $0.2 million of
restricted cash classified as other assets at December 31,
2009 and 2008, respectively. These amounts relate primarily to
standby letters of credit to guarantee annual VAT refunds in
Italy.
Concentration
of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to
concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and
cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company maintains
its cash in bank deposit accounts which, at times, may exceed
federally insured limits. Management believes that the financial
institutions that hold the Companys cash are financially
sound and, accordingly, minimal credit risk exists with respect
to these balances.
Concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable
is limited to certain customers to whom the Company makes
substantial sales. One customer represented 19% of accounts
receivable at December 31, 2009. Two customers represented
26% and 10% of accounts receivable at December 31, 2008. To
reduce risk, the Company routinely assesses the financial
strength of its customers and closely monitors their amounts due
and, as a result of its assessment, believes that its accounts
receivable credit risk exposure is limited. Historically, the
Company has not experienced any significant credit losses
related to an individual customer or group of customers in any
particular industry or geographic area. The Company maintains an
allowance for doubtful accounts based on an analysis of
historical losses from uncollectible accounts and risks
identified for specific customers who may not be able to make
required payments. Provisions for the allowance for doubtful
accounts are recorded in general and administrative expenses in
the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Activity related to allowance for doubtful accounts consisted of
the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at
|
Year Ended
|
|
Beginning of Year
|
|
Provision
|
|
Other(1)
|
|
Write-offs
|
|
End of Year
|
|
December 31, 2009
|
|
$
|
918
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
193
|
|
|
$
|
725
|
|
December 31, 2008
|
|
$
|
296
|
|
|
$
|
694
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
72
|
|
|
$
|
918
|
|
December 31, 2007
|
|
$
|
63
|
|
|
$
|
122
|
|
|
$
|
111
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
296
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Amount represents allowance for doubtful accounts assumed in the
Medisystems acquisition. |
The Company uses and is dependent upon a number of single source
suppliers of components, subassemblies and finished goods. The
Company is dependent on the ability of its suppliers to provide
products on a timely basis and on favorable pricing terms. The
loss of certain principal suppliers or a significant reduction
in product availability from principal suppliers could have a
material adverse effect on the Company. The Company believes
that its relationships with its suppliers are satisfactory.
79
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Fair
Value Measures
Effective January 1, 2008, the Company adopted a newly
issued accounting standard for fair value measures for financial
assets and liabilities. Effective January 1, 2009 the
Company adopted a newly issued accounting standard for fair
value measurements for all non financial assets and non
financial liabilities not recognized or disclosed at fair value
in the financials statements on a recurring basis. The adoption
of the accounting standard for these assets and liabilities did
not have an impact on the Companys financial position or
results of operations; however, this standard may impact us in
subsequent periods and require additional disclosure.
Certain financial and non financial assets and liabilities
recorded at fair value have been classified as Level 1, 2
or 3 within the fair value hierarchy as described in the
accounting standard. Fair values determined by Level 1
inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for
identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability
to access. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize
data points that are observable such as quoted prices, interest
rates and yield curves for similar instruments and model-derived
valuations whose inputs are observable. Fair values determined
by Level 3 inputs utilize unobservable data points for the
asset or liability.
Inventory
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost, determined using the
first-in
first out method (FIFO), or market (net realizable value). The
Company regularly reviews its inventory quantities on hand and
related costs and records a provision for any excess or obsolete
inventory based on its estimated forecast of product demand and
existing product configurations. The Company also reviews its
inventory value to determine if it reflects the lower of cost or
market, with market determined based on net realizable value.
Appropriate consideration is given to inventory items sold at
negative gross margins, purchase commitments and other factors
in evaluating net realizable value.
Property
and Equipment and Field Equipment
Property and equipment and field equipment are recorded at cost.
Depreciation is provided over the estimated useful lives of the
related assets using the straight-line method for financial
statement purposes. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as
incurred. Expenditures that increase the value or productive
capacity of assets are capitalized. When property and equipment
are retired, sold or otherwise disposed of, the assets
carrying amount and related accumulated depreciation are removed
from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in
operations. When field equipment is sold, the assets
carrying amount and related accumulated depreciation is removed
from the accounts and any gain or loss is either included in
operations or, most frequently, deferred and recognized in
operations on a straight-line basis over the same period as the
related revenue.
Construction in process is stated at cost, which includes the
cost of construction and other direct costs attributable to the
construction. No provision for depreciation is made on
construction in process until such time as the relevant assets
are completed and put into use. Construction in process at
December 31, 2009 and 2008 represents machinery and
equipment under installation.
Field equipment consists of equipment being utilized under
disposable-based rental agreements as well as service
pool cyclers. Service pool cyclers are cyclers owned and
maintained by the Company that are swapped for cyclers that need
repairs or maintenance by the Company while being rented or
owned by a patient. The Company continually monitors the number
of cyclers in the service pool, as well as cyclers that are
in-transit or otherwise not being used by a patient, and
assesses whether there are any indicators of impairment for such
equipment. During 2009, 2008 and 2007, no such impairment was
recognized.
80
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The Company periodically reviews its field equipments
useful life for reasonableness. Factors considered in
determining the reasonableness of the useful life include
industry practice and the typical amortization periods used for
like equipment, the frequency and scope of service returns and
the impact of planned design improvements. The Company also
reviews its field equipment carrying value for reasonableness.
The Company considers factors such as actual equipment disposals
and the ability to verify the equipments existence in the
field to identify lost equipment. Write-downs for lost equipment
are included in distribution expenses. The estimated service
lives of property and equipment and field equipment are as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated
|
|
|
Useful Life
|
|
Manufacturing equipment and tooling
|
|
|
5 to 6 years
|
|
Molds
|
|
|
4 years
|
|
Leasehold improvements
|
|
|
Lesser of 5 years or lease term
|
|
Computer and office equipment
|
|
|
3 years
|
|
Furniture
|
|
|
5 to 7 years
|
|
Field equipment
|
|
|
5 years
|
|
Intangibles
and Other Long Lived Assets
Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated
amortization. For assets with determinable useful lives,
amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the
estimated economic lives of the respective intangible assets,
ranging from eight to fourteen years. Furthermore, periodically
the Company assesses whether long-lived assets including
intangible assets, should be tested for recoverability whenever
events or circumstances indicate that their carrying value may
not be recoverable. The amount of impairment, if any, is
measured based on fair value, which is determined using
estimated discounted cash flows to be generated from such assets
or group of assets. If the cash flow estimates or the
significant operating assumptions upon which they are based
change in the future, the Company may be required to record
additional impairment charges. During 2009, 2008 and 2007, no
such impairment was recognized. Assets to be disposed of are
reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less
selling costs.
Goodwill
Goodwill relates to amounts that arose in connection with the
acquisition of Medisystems Corporation and certain affiliated
entities, which the Company refers to as the MDS Entities. The
Company believes the factors contributing to the goodwill that
resulted from acquiring the MDS Entities include (but are not
limited to), increased manufacturing capacity and efficiency,
securing long-term rights to certain technology and brand names
and strengthening long-term customer relationships common to
both the MDS Entities and the Company. The Company tests
goodwill at least annually for impairment, or more frequently
when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets
might be impaired. This impairment test is performed annually
during the fourth quarter at the reporting unit level. Goodwill
may be considered impaired if the carrying value of the
reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds the reporting
units fair value. When testing goodwill for impairment the
Company primarily looks to the fair value of the System One
segment, as a majority of the goodwill relates to the system one
segment. Reporting unit fair value is estimated using a
discounted cash flow approach which requires the use of
assumptions and judgments including estimates of future cash
flows and the selection of discount rates. During 2009, 2008 and
2007, no such impairment was recognized. The goodwill recognized
upon acquiring the MDS Entities is not deductible for tax
purposes.
Stock-Based
Compensation
Stock-based compensation expense is estimated as of the grant
date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as
expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service
period, which generally equals
81
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
the vesting period, net of forfeitures. Forfeiture rates are
estimated based on historical pre-vesting forfeiture history and
are updated on a quarterly basis to reflect actual forfeitures
of unvested awards and other known events. For performance based
restricted stock units, the Company recognizes expense using the
graded vesting methodology based on the number of shares
expected to vest after assessing the probability that certain
performance criteria will be met. Compensation expense
associated with these performance based restricted stock units
is adjusted quarterly to reflect subsequent changes in the
estimated outcome of performance-related conditions until the
date the results are determined.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to
estimate the fair value of stock options and quoted market
prices of the Companys common stock to estimate fair value
of restricted stock units. The expected term is estimated using
the simplified method, as defined in Staff Accounting
Bulletin No. 107. The risk free interest rate for each
grant is equal to the U.S. Treasury rate in effect at the
time of grant for instruments with an expected life similar to
the expected option term. Because the Company has no options
that are traded publicly and because of its limited trading
history as a public company, the stock volatility assumption is
based on an analysis of the Companys historical volatility
and the volatility of the common stock of comparable companies
in the medical device and technology industries. The dividend
yield of zero is based upon the fact that the Company has not
historically granted cash dividends, and does not expect to
issue dividends in the foreseeable future.
Warranty
Costs
For a period of one year following the delivery of products to
its critical care customers, the Company provides for product
repair or replacement if it is determined that there is a defect
in material or manufacture of the product. For sales into the
critical care market, the Company accrues estimated warranty
costs at the time of shipment based on contractual rights and
historical experience. Warranty expense is included in cost of
revenues in the consolidated statement of operations. Following
is a rollforward of the Companys warranty accrual:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at
|
Year Ended
|
|
Beginning of Year
|
|
Provision
|
|
Usage
|
|
End of Year
|
|
December 31, 2009
|
|
$
|
235
|
|
|
$
|
331
|
|
|
$
|
(361
|
)
|
|
$
|
205
|
|
December 31, 2008
|
|
$
|
220
|
|
|
$
|
366
|
|
|
$
|
(351
|
)
|
|
$
|
235
|
|
December 31, 2007
|
|
$
|
172
|
|
|
$
|
379
|
|
|
$
|
(331
|
)
|
|
$
|
220
|
|
Distribution
Expenses
Distribution expenses consist of costs incurred in shipping
product to and from customers and are charged to operations as
incurred. Shipping and handling costs billed to customers are
included in revenues and totaled $0.2 million in 2009,
$0.2 million in 2008 and $0.1 million in 2007.
Research
and Development Costs
Research and development costs are charged to operations as
incurred.
Income
Taxes
The Company records the tax effect of transactions when such
transactions are recorded in its consolidated statement of
operations. The Company records a deferred tax asset or
liability based on the difference between the financial
statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities, as measured
by the enacted tax rates. The Companys provision for
income taxes represents the amount of taxes currently payable,
if any, plus the change in the amount of net deferred tax assets
or liabilities. A valuation allowance is provided against net
deferred tax assets if recoverability is uncertain on a more
likely than not basis.
82
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The Company periodically assesses its exposures related to its
provisions for income taxes and accrues for contingencies that
may result in potential tax obligations. On January 1,
2007, the Company adopted a newly issued accounting standard on
accounting for uncertain tax positions. The adoption of this
standard did not have a material impact on the Companys
financial position or results of operations. Upon adoption, the
Company had no unrecognized tax benefits recorded and had no
interest and penalty accrual or expense. The Company recognizes
interest and penalties for uncertain tax positions in income tax
expense.
The Company files federal, state and foreign tax returns. The
Company has accumulated significant losses since its inception
in 1998. Since the net operating losses may potentially be
utilized in future years to reduce taxable income, all of the
Companys tax years remain open to examination by the major
taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject.
Comprehensive
Loss
The Company has chosen to disclose comprehensive (loss), which
consists of net loss and other comprehensive income (loss), in
the consolidated statement of changes in stockholders
equity. Other comprehensive income (loss) primarily includes
foreign currency translation adjustments that are excluded from
results of operations.
Subsequent
Events
Events occurring subsequent to December 31, 2009 have been
evaluated for potential recognition or disclosure in the
Companys financial statements.
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted a new
accounting standard update regarding business combinations. As
codified under Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 805,
this update provides that, upon initially obtaining control, an
acquirer shall recognize 100 percent of the fair values of
acquired assets, including goodwill and assumed liabilities,
with only limited exceptions, even if the acquirer has not
acquired 100 percent of its target. As a consequence, the
step acquisition model will be eliminated. Additionally, it
changes current practice, in part, as follows:
(1) contingent consideration arrangements will be recorded
at their estimated fair value at the acquisition date and
included on that basis in the purchase price consideration;
(2) transaction costs will be expensed as incurred, rather
than capitalized as part of the purchase price;
(3) pre-acquisition contingencies will generally have to be
accounted for in purchase accounting at fair value to the extent
that such value can be objectively determined;
(4) in-process research and development will be capitalized
and either amortized over the life of the product or written off
if the project is abandoned or impaired; (5) changes in
deferred tax asset valuation allowances and income tax
uncertainties after the acquisition date generally will affect
income tax expense; and (6) restructuring costs generally
will be expensed in periods subsequent to the acquisition date.
Since this accounting update is applicable to future
acquisitions completed after January 1, 2009 and the
Company has not had any business combinations subsequent to
January 1, 2009 to date, the adoption of this update did
not have an impact on the Companys consolidated financial
statements. This accounting update also amended accounting for
uncertainty in income taxes such that adjustments made to
valuation allowances on deferred taxes and acquired tax
contingencies associated with acquisitions that closed prior to
the effective date of ASC 805 would also follow the provisions
of this update. Thus, all changes to valuation allowances and
liabilities for uncertain tax positions established in purchase
accounting will be recognized in current period income tax
expense.
Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted an
accounting standard update as codified under ASC 815 that
requires the application of a two-step approach in evaluating
whether an equity-linked financial
83
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
instrument (or embedded feature) is indexed to a companys
own stock, including evaluating the instruments contingent
exercise and settlement provisions, and must be applied to all
instruments outstanding on the date of adoption. The adoption of
this update did not have an impact the Companys
consolidated financial statements.
Effective April 1, 2009, the Company adopted an accounting
standard update as codified under ASC
820-10-65
which provides guidelines for making fair value measurements
more consistent and provides additional authoritative guidance
in determining whether a market is active or inactive, and
whether a transaction is distressed this guidance is applicable
to all assets and liabilities (i.e. financial and nonfinancial)
and will require enhanced disclosures. The adoption of this
update did not have an impact the Companys consolidated
financial statements.
Effective April 1, 2009, the Company adopted a new
accounting standard update as codified under ASC 825. This
update requires expanded disclosures about the fair value of
financial instruments in interim as well as in annual financial
statements and also requires those disclosures in all interim
financial statements. The adoption of this standard has resulted
in the enhanced disclosure of the fair values attributable to
debt instruments within this annual report. Since this update
addresses disclosure requirements, the adoption of this update
did not impact the Companys financial position, results of
operations or cash flows.
Effective April 1, 2009, the Company adopted an accounting
standard update as codified under ASC
320-10-65,
which provides additional guidance to provide greater clarity
about the credit and noncredit component of an
other-than-temporary
impairment event related to debt securities and to more
effectively communicate when an
other-than-temporary
impairment event has occurred. The adoption of this update did
not have an impact on the Companys consolidated financial
statements.
Effective June 30, 2009, the Company adopted a new
accounting standard for subsequent events as codified in ASC
855-10. The
update provides guidance to establish general standards of
accounting for and disclosures of events that occur after the
balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or
are available to be issued. The adoption of this standard did
not impact the Companys financial position, results of
operations or cash flows.
Effective July 1, 2009, the Company adopted The
FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the
Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or
ASC 105. This standard establishes only two levels of generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP,
authoritative and nonauthoritative. The Financial Accounting
Standards Board, or FASB, ASC became the source of
authoritative, nongovernmental GAAP, except for rules and
interpretive releases of the SEC, which are sources of
authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. All other
non-grandfathered, non-SEC accounting literature not included in
the Codification became nonauthoritative. The Company began
using the new guidelines and numbering system prescribed by the
Codification when referring to GAAP in the third quarter of
fiscal 2009. As the Codification was not intended to change or
alter existing GAAP, it did not have any impact on the
Companys consolidated financial statements.
In June 2009, the FASB issued the following new accounting
standard which has not yet been integrated into the
Codification, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 166, Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets,
an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140, or
SFAS 166. Accordingly, SFAS 166 will remain
authoritative until integrated. SFAS 166 prescribes the
information that a reporting entity must provide in its
financial reports about a transfer of financial assets; the
effects of a transfer on its financial position, financial
performance, and cash flows; and a transferors continuing
involvement in transferred financial assets. Specifically, among
other aspects, SFAS 166 amends SFAS No. 140,
Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets
and Extinguishments of Liabilities, or SFAS 140, by
removing the concept of a qualifying special-purpose entity from
SFAS 140 and removes the exception from applying FASB
Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable
Interest Entities (revised), or FIN 46(R), to variable
interest entities
84
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
that are qualifying special-purpose entities. It also modifies
the financial-components approach used in SFAS 140.
SFAS 166 is effective for transfer of financial assets
occurring on or after January 1, 2010. The Company has not
determined the effect the adoption of SFAS 166 will have on
its financial statements, but the effect will be limited to
future transactions.
In August 2009, the FASB issued Update
No. 2009-05,
which amends ASC 820 to provide further guidance on how to
measure the fair value of a liability, an area where
practitioners have been seeking further guidance. It primarily
does three things: 1) sets forth the types of valuation
techniques to be used to value a liability when a quoted price
in an active market for the identical liability is not
available, 2) clarifies that when estimating the fair value
of a liability, a reporting entity is not required to include a
separate input or adjustment to other inputs relating to the
existence of a restriction that prevents the transfer of the
liability and 3) clarifies that both a quoted price in an
active market for the identical liability at the measurement
date and the quoted price for the identical liability when
traded as an asset in an active market when no adjustments to
the quoted price of the asset are required are Level 1 fair
value measurements. The update became effective during the
Companys fourth quarter of 2009. The adoption of this
update did not impact its consolidated financial statements.
In September 2009, the FASB issued Update
No. 2009-13,
Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements a
consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force, or ASU
2009-13. It
updates the existing multiple-element revenue arrangements
guidance currently included under ASC
605-25,
which originated primarily from the guidance in Emerging Issues
Task Force Issue
No. 00-21,
Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables. The
revised guidance primarily provides two significant changes:
1) eliminates the need for objective and reliable evidence
of the fair value for the undelivered element in order for a
delivered item to be treated as a separate unit of accounting,
and 2) eliminates the residual method to allocate the
arrangement consideration. In addition, the guidance also
expands the disclosure requirements for revenue recognition. The
update will be effective for the first annual reporting period
beginning on or after June 15, 2010, with early adoption
permitted provided that the revised guidance is retroactively
applied to the beginning of the year of adoption. The Company is
currently assessing the future impact of this new accounting
update to its consolidated financial statements.
In September 2009, the FASB issued Update
No. 2009-14,
Certain Revenue Arrangements That Include Software
Elements a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues
Task Force, or ASU
2009-14. It
amends ASC
985-605 such
that tangible products, containing both software and
non-software components that function together to deliver the
tangible products essential functionality, are no longer
within the scope of ASC
985-605. It
also amends the determination of how arrangement consideration
should be allocated to deliverables in a multiple-deliverable
revenue arrangement. This ASU will become effective for the
Company for revenue arrangements entered into or materially
modified on or after April 1, 2011. Earlier application is
permitted with required transition disclosures based on the
period of adoption. The adoption of this update will not have an
impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements
as the Company has concluded the software component of its
tangible products to be incidental.
|
|
3.
|
Significant
Revenue Contracts
|
National
Service Provider Agreement and Stock Purchase Agreement with
DaVita
In February 2007, the Company entered into a National Service
Provider Agreement and a Stock Purchase Agreement with DaVita, a
significant customer, which the Company considers to be a single
arrangement.
In connection with the National Service Provider Agreement, the
Company agreed to sell the System One and PureFlow SL hardware
along with the right to purchase disposable products and service
on a monthly basis. The National Service Provider Agreement
included other terms such as development efforts, training,
85
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
market collaborations, limited market exclusivity and volume
discounts. Per the agreement, DaVita no longer has any preferred
geographic market or exclusivity rights, and as of
December 31, 2009 the initial term of the National Service
Provider Agreement with DaVita expired, and the parties continue
to operate under the agreement. The sale of equipment and other
items included in the arrangement were considered to be
multiple-element sales arrangements pursuant to ASC 605,
Revenue Recognition. The Company has determined that it
cannot account for the sale of equipment as a separate unit of
accounting. Therefore, fees received upon the completion of
delivery of equipment under this arrangement were deferred and
recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the expected
term of the Companys obligation to supply disposables and
service pursuant to the agreement, which is seven years. The
Company has deferred both the unrecognized revenue and direct
costs relating to the delivered equipment, which costs are being
amortized over the same period as the related revenue.
In connection with the Stock Purchase Agreement, DaVita
purchased 2.0 million shares of the Companys common
stock for $10.00 per share, which on the date of the purchase
represented a premium over the market price of $1.50 per share,
or $3.0 million. The Company has recorded the
$3.0 million premium as deferred revenue and is recognizing
this revenue ratably over seven years, consistent with its
equipment service obligation to DaVita.
Asahi
Strategic Business Alliance
In May 2009, the Company entered into a series of agreements
with Asahi Kasei Kuraray Medical, or Asahi, a leading medical
supply company headquartered in Japan which the company
considers to be a single arrangement. The signed agreements
between the Company and Asahi are multi-faceted and include a
Term Loan and Security Agreement, or Loan Agreement, Technology
and Trademark License Agreement, or License Agreement, a
Dialyzer Production Agreement, a Supply and Purchase Agreement
and a Collaboration Agreement.
Under the terms of the Loan Agreement, Asahi agreed to provide
the Company with $40.0 million of debt financing. The four
year loan bears interest at 8% annually, with 50% of the
interest deferred to maturity. The Company estimated the fair
value of the loan at issuance using quoted prices for similar
debt instruments, level 2 measurements within the fair
value hierarchy. The fair value of the loan of
$36.3 million was recorded by the Company, net of a
$3.7 million discount. The discount will be amortized
ratably over the term of the loan into interest expense. In
accordance with the terms of the License Agreement, the Company
granted Asahi a royalty-free license to its Streamline blood
tubing set technology and production technology to make and sell
the Companys current dialyzer design. The Company
estimated the fair value of the license using an income
approach, namely the relief from royalty approach, which
requires assumptions related to future cash flows, assumed
royalty rates and a discount rate, level 3 measurements
within the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the license
of $3.7 million was recorded as deferred revenue and will
be recognized as revenue over the estimated life of the
underlying patents, of six to seven years. The deferral of the
consideration allocated to the license represents a noncash
operating activity.
Under the terms of the Dialyzer Production Agreement in which
the Company agreed to manufacturer dialyzers for Asahi, the
Company will recognize revenue from product sales at the later
of the time of shipment or, if applicable, delivery in
accordance with contract terms.
Kimal
Strategic Business Alliance
In March 2009, the Company signed a five year exclusive
distribution agreement with Kimal plc, or Kimal. Pursuant to the
agreement, the Company will sell Kimal the NxStage System One
and certain other products for use or resale in the UK and
Ireland.
86
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The Company has determined that it cannot account for the sale
of equipment as a separate unit of accounting. Therefore, fees
received upon the completion of delivery of equipment under this
arrangement are deferred and recognized as revenue on a
straight-line basis over the longer of the economic life of the
equipment or the expected term of the Companys obligation
to supply disposables pursuant to the agreement, which is five
years. The Company has deferred both the unrecognized revenue
and direct costs relating to the delivered equipment, which
costs are being amortized over the same period as the related
revenue.
On June 4, 2007, the Company entered into a stock purchase
agreement with David S. Utterberg under which it agreed to
purchase from Mr. Utterberg the issued and outstanding
shares of Medisystems Corporation and certain affiliated
entities, collectively the MDS Entities. The acquisition was
part of the Companys strategy to expand the business on a
commercial, operational and financial scale as well as enhance
the Companys ability to execute operationally. Medisystems
was a vendor prior to acquisition and Mr. Utterberg is a
director and significant stockholder of the Company. The
acquisition was completed on October 1, 2007 and the
operating results of the MDS Entities have been included in the
consolidated statements of operations since the acquisition
date. The acquisition of the MDS Entities was accounted for
using the purchase method of accounting and the aggregate
purchase price was approximately $85.4 million, which
consisted of stock valued at approximately $81.3 million,
transaction costs of $3.6 million, and a charge of
$0.5 million for acquisition-related exit activities. The
issuance of stock in connection with the acquisition represents
a noncash investing activity.
Acquisition-Related
Exit Activity Accounted for in Purchase Accounting
As a result of the Companys acquisition of the MDS
Entities on October 1, 2007, the Company established and
approved a plan to integrate the acquired operations of the MDS
Entities into the operations of the Company. The following table
summarizes the reserves related to exit activities that the
Company has established and the related activity (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Severence
|
|
|
Relocation
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Balance at 12/31/07
|
|
$
|
301
|
|
|
$
|
139
|
|
|
$
|
440
|
|
Restructuring expense
|
|
|
145
|
|
|
|
149
|
|
|
|
294
|
|
Cash payments
|
|
|
(445
|
)
|
|
|
(281
|
)
|
|
|
(726
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at 12/31/08
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
Cash payments
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
(7
|
)
|
|
|
(8
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at 12/31/09
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unaudited
Pro-Forma Results
The following unaudited pro forma financial information gives
effect to the acquisition as if it had been completed on
January 1, 2007. The pro forma information presented below
does not purport what the actual results would have been had the
acquisition occurred on January 1, 2007 (in thousands,
except per share amounts):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Proforma net revenue
|
|
$
|
102,088
|
|
Proforma operating loss
|
|
|
(53,625
|
)
|
Proforma net loss
|
|
|
(52,269
|
)
|
Pro forma net loss per share, basic and diluted
|
|
$
|
(1.43
|
)
|
87
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Inventories include material, labor and overhead, and are stated
at lower of cost
(first-in,
first-out) or market. The components of inventories are as
follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Purchased components
|
|
$
|
14,214
|
|
|
$
|
15,296
|
|
Work in process
|
|
|
1,640
|
|
|
|
1,402
|
|
Finished goods
|
|
|
12,263
|
|
|
|
14,164
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
28,117
|
|
|
$
|
30,862
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
During 2007, the Company recorded a $2.0 million charge for
the recall of cartridges in the home market, of which
$1.2 million was for the write off of inventory, and
$0.8 million was for other costs related to the replacement
of cartridges and rework of inventory. The $1.5 million
provision represents the total value of inventory that was
affected by the home market cartridge recall. As of
December 31, 2008, the Company had none of the affected
inventory remaining on-hand.
|
|
6.
|
Property
and Equipment and Field Equipment
|
Property and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated
depreciation. A summary of the components of property and
equipment are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Manufacturing equipment and tooling
|
|
$
|
9,804
|
|
|
$
|
8,620
|
|
Leasehold improvements
|
|
|
4,846
|
|
|
|
4,696
|
|
Computer and office equipment
|
|
|
2,283
|
|
|
|
2,190
|
|
Molds
|
|
|
1,803
|
|
|
|
893
|
|
Furniture
|
|
|
471
|
|
|
|
445
|
|
Construction-in-process
|
|
|
1,619
|
|
|
|
2,491
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20,826
|
|
|
|
19,335
|
|
Less accumulated depreciation
|
|
|
(10,490
|
)
|
|
|
(7,081
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
$
|
10,336
|
|
|
$
|
12,254
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation expense for property and equipment was
$3.4 million, $3.0 million and $1.3 million for
the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007,
respectively.
Field equipment is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation
at December 31, 2009 and 2008 as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Field equipment
|
|
$
|
48,381
|
|
|
$
|
47,989
|
|
Less accumulated depreciation
|
|
|
(26,655
|
)
|
|
|
(17,544
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Field equipment, net
|
|
$
|
21,726
|
|
|
$
|
30,445
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation expense for field equipment was $9.8 million,
$9.0 million and $6.1 million for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
88
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
|
|
7.
|
Goodwill
and Intangible Assets
|
During the third quarter of 2008, the Company finalized the
purchase price allocation for the Medisystems Acquisition.
During 2008, the Company increased severance and relocation
accruals by $0.1 million, recorded an additional
$0.1 million in accruals for certain pre-acquisition
contingencies and recorded adjustments to the fair value of
certain other assets and liabilities acquired in the MDS
Acquisition of $1.0 million all of which resulted in an
increase to goodwill of $1.2 million. The increase in
goodwill represents a noncash investing activity.
Intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2009
|
|
|
December 31, 2008
|
|
|
Estimated
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated
|
|
|
Useful
|
|
|
|
Cost
|
|
|
Amortization
|
|
|
Cost
|
|
|
Amortization
|
|
|
Life
|
|
|
Bloodline, needle and other patented and unpatented technology
|
|
$
|
6,200
|
|
|
$
|
(1,744
|
)
|
|
$
|
6,200
|
|
|
$
|
(970
|
)
|
|
|
8 years
|
|
Trade names
|
|
|
2,300
|
|
|
|
(370
|
)
|
|
|
2,300
|
|
|
|
(205
|
)
|
|
|
14 years
|
|
Customer relationships
|
|
|
26,000
|
|
|
|
(4,178
|
)
|
|
|
26,000
|
|
|
|
(2,321
|
)
|
|
|
14 years
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intangible assets, gross
|
|
$
|
34,500
|
|
|
$
|
(6,292
|
)
|
|
$
|
34,500
|
|
|
$
|
(3,496
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company recognized amortization expense of $2.8 million
during both 2009 and 2008 and $0.7 million during 2007. The
Company will record $2.8 million of amortization expense
for each of the years ending December 31, 2010 through 2014
and $14.2 million in the aggregate thereafter related to
the above intangible assets.
Basic loss per share is computed by dividing income available to
common stockholders (the numerator) by the weighted-average
number of common shares outstanding (the denominator) for the
period. The computation of diluted loss per share is similar to
basic loss per share, except that the denominator is increased
to include the number of additional common shares that would
have been outstanding if the potentially dilutive common shares
had been issued.
The following potential common stock equivalents were not
included in the computation of diluted net loss per share as
their effect would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Options to purchase common stock
|
|
|
584
|
|
|
|
275
|
|
|
|
688
|
|
Restricted stock units
|
|
|
888
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
1,472
|
|
|
|
275
|
|
|
|
690
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
89
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Payroll and related benefits
|
|
$
|
4,433
|
|
|
$
|
3,052
|
|
Distribution expenses
|
|
|
1,616
|
|
|
|
1,423
|
|
Warrant liability
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,857
|
|
Other
|
|
|
3,328
|
|
|
|
4,414
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
9,377
|
|
|
$
|
10,746
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
On May 15, 2006, the Company entered into an equipment line
of credit agreement with Silicon Valley Bank for the purpose of
financing field equipment purchases and placements. The line of
credit agreement provided for the availability of up to
$20.0 million through December 31, 2007, and
borrowings bore interest at the prime rate plus 0.5% (8.75% as
of December 31, 2006). Concurrent with entering into a new
credit facility in November 2007, the Company repaid all
outstanding borrowings under this agreement in the aggregate
amount of $4.9 million, which included principal and
accrued interest and the final interest payment. This
extinguishment of debt gave rise to early recognition of
approximately of $0.1 million of interest expense for the
year ended December 31, 2007.
On November 21, 2007, the Company obtained a
$50.0 million credit and security agreement with a term of
42 months from a group of lenders led by Merrill Lynch
Capital, a division of Merrill Lynch Business Services Inc.,
which was subsequently acquired by General Electric Capital or
(GE). The credit facility consisted of a $30.0 million term
loan and a $20.0 million revolving credit facility. The
Company borrowed $25.0 million under the term loan in
November 2007 and borrowed the remaining $5.0 million under
the term loan on March 25, 2008. The Company used
$4.9 million of the proceeds from the term loan to repay
all amounts owed under the term loan with Silicon Valley Bank.
On March 16, 2009, the Company amended its credit and
security agreement with GE. The amendment postponed principal
payments under the term loan for three months from April through
June 2009, and modified certain covenants and the interest rate
on the term loan and revolving credit facility. In connection
with this amendment, the Company also granted the facility
lenders a security interest in all of the Companys
intellectual property, increasing the collateral securing this
facility to include nearly all the assets of the Company.
Borrowings under the term loan, as amended in March 2009, bore
interest at a rate of 11.12% per annum. Interest on the term
loan was payable on a monthly basis. The Company was also
required to pay a maturity premium of $0.9 million at the
time of loan payoff. The Company accrued the maturity premium as
additional interest over the term. Any borrowings under the
revolving credit facility bore interest at LIBOR plus 6.5% per
annum with a LIBOR floor of 4.0%. The revolving credit facility
of the loan included an unused line fee of 0.75% per annum and
descending deferred revolving credit facility commitment fees,
which would be charged in the event the revolving credit
facility was terminated prior to May 21, 2011. The Company
paid a $0.5 million amendment fee in connection with the
March 2009 amendment of its credit and security agreement with
GE. Concurrent with entering into the term loan with Asahi, the
Company terminated the GE credit and security agreement and
repaid all outstanding borrowings owed under its credit and
security agreement with GE, including prepayment and other
transactions fees.
In June 2009, the Company closed a $40.0 million term loan
and security agreement with Asahi. Borrowings bear interest at a
rate of 8% per annum payable in arrears on
November 1st and May 1st, with fifty percent of
such interest being deferred until the maturity date on
May 31, 2013. Principal is payable in one balloon payment
at maturity. The term loan is secured by substantially all of
the Companys assets. The
90
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
term loan may be prepaid, without penalty, at the Companys
option. In the event the term loan reaches maturity, Asahi may
require that all of the principal and interest on the term loan
that is unpaid as of the maturity date be converted into shares
of the Companys common stock, with the number of shares to
be determined based upon the average closing stock price of the
Companys common stock during the thirty business days
preceding the maturity date. Under no circumstance would the
Company be obligated to issue more than 10% of the number of its
shares of common stock outstanding on the maturity date to Asahi
in satisfaction of this obligation; provided that the Company
and Asahi may mutually agree, in each of its own sole
discretion, to increase the 10% limitation up to 20%. The term
loan and security agreement with Asahi includes certain
affirmative covenants including timely filings and limitations
on contingent debt obligations and sales of assets. The term
loan and security agreement also contains customary events of
default, including nonpayment, misrepresentation, breach of
covenants, material adverse effects, and bankruptcy. In the
event the Company fails to satisfy the covenants, or otherwise
goes into default, Asahi has a number of remedies, including
sale of the Companys assets and acceleration of all
outstanding indebtedness.
Borrowings under the term loan and security agreement were
recorded at their estimated fair value at issuance, net of a
$3.7 million discount. The discount will be recorded
ratably to interest expense over the term of the agreement,
through May 31, 2013. The Company used $30.0 million
of the proceeds from the term loan and security agreement to pay
off the Companys debt obligation owed under its credit and
security agreement with GE, including $2.0 million of
prepayment and other transactions fees which were recorded to
interest expense during the three months ended June 30,
2009.
In addition to the $40.0 million term loan, the Company had
one Euro denominated loan outstanding of $0.1 million and
$0.2 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008,
respectively, which expires in September 2011, and is included
in current and long-term debt.
Annual maturities of principal under the Companys debt
obligations outstanding at December 31, 2009, gross of a
$3.1 million discount, are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
$
|
61
|
|
2011
|
|
|
47
|
|
2012
|
|
|
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
|
40,938
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
41,046
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Amount includes $938 thousand of deferred interest related to
the Asahi term loan |
|
|
11.
|
Business
Segment and Geographic Information
|
After an evaluation of the business activities regularly
reviewed by the Companys chief operating decision-maker
for which separate discrete financial information is available,
management determined that the Company has two reporting
segments, System One and In-Center. Beginning in the first
quarter of 2009, the Company allocated previously unallocated
cost of revenues to its System One and In-Center segments. Prior
year segment information has been changed to conform to the
current presentation.
The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same
as those described in Note 2, Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies. The profitability measure employed by
the Company and its chief operating decision maker for making
decisions about allocating resources to segments and assessing
segment performance is segment (loss) profit, which consists of
sales, less cost of sales, selling and marketing and
distribution expenses.
The Companys management measures are designed to assess
performance of these operating segments excluding certain items.
As a result, certain corporate expenses are excluded from the
segment operating
91
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
performance measures, including research and development
expenses and general and administrative expenses, as they are
managed centrally.
Within the System One segment, the Company derives revenue from
the sale and rental of the System One and PureFlow SL equipment
and the sale of disposable products in the home and critical
care markets. The home market is devoted to the treatment of
ESRD patients in the home, while the critical care market is
devoted to the treatment of hospital-based patients with acute
kidney failure or fluid overload. Within the System One segment,
the Company sells a similar technology platform of the System
One with different features. Some of the Companys largest
customers in the home market provide outsourced renal dialysis
services to some of the Companys customers in the critical
care market. Sales of product to both markets are made through
dedicated sales forces and products are distributed directly to
the customer, or the patient.
Within the In-Center segment, the Company sells blood tubing
sets and needles for hemodialysis and needles for apheresis
primarily for the treatment of ESRD patients at dialysis
centers. Nearly all In-Center products are sold through national
distributors.
The Companys reportable segments consist of the following
(in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
System One
|
|
In-Center
|
|
Unallocated
|
|
Total
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues from external customers
|
|
$
|
85,801
|
|
|
$
|
62,875
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
148,676
|
|
Segment (loss) profit
|
|
|
(17,444
|
)
|
|
|
10,343
|
|
|
|
(29,346
|
)
|
|
|
(36,447
|
)
|
Segment assets
|
|
|
74,534
|
|
|
|
17,346
|
|
|
|
105,098
|
|
|
|
196,978
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues from external customers
|
|
$
|
66,873
|
|
|
$
|
61,890
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
128,763
|
|
Segment (loss) profit
|
|
|
(23,092
|
)
|
|
|
10,075
|
|
|
|
(36,968
|
)
|
|
|
(49,985
|
)
|
Segment assets
|
|
|
78,956
|
|
|
|
17,948
|
|
|
|
115,162
|
|
|
|
212,066
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues from external customers
|
|
$
|
44,236
|
|
|
$
|
15,728
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
59,964
|
|
Segment (loss) profit
|
|
|
(31,664
|
)
|
|
|
2,376
|
|
|
|
(30,796
|
)
|
|
|
(60,084
|
)
|
Segment assets
|
|
|
71,072
|
|
|
|
12,618
|
|
|
|
126,696
|
|
|
|
210,386
|
|
Substantially all of the Companys revenues are derived
from the sale of the System One and related products, which
cannot be used with any other dialysis system, and from needles
and blood tubing sets to customers located in the United States.
The following table summarizes the number of customers who
individually comprise greater than 10% of total revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
2009
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
Customer A
|
|
|
22
|
%
|
|
|
18
|
%
|
|
|
20
|
%
|
Customer B
|
|
|
28
|
%
|
|
|
39
|
%
|
|
|
22
|
%
|
Sales to Customer A are primarily in the System One segment and
sales to Customer B are to one of the Companys significant
distributors in the In-Center segment. Half of all Customer B
sales are to Customer A.
92
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The following table presents a reconciliation of the total
segment assets to total assets (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Total segment assets
|
|
$
|
91,880
|
|
|
$
|
96,904
|
|
Corporate assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
21,720
|
|
|
|
26,642
|
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
|
10,336
|
|
|
|
12,254
|
|
Intangible assets, net
|
|
|
28,208
|
|
|
|
31,004
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
42,698
|
|
|
|
42,698
|
|
Prepaid and other assets
|
|
|
2,136
|
|
|
|
2,564
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
196,978
|
|
|
$
|
212,066
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-lived tangible assets consist of property and equipment and
field equipment. The following table presents total long-lived
tangible assets by geographic area (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
United States
|
|
$
|
25,922
|
|
|
$
|
35,924
|
|
|
$
|
36,754
|
|
Europe
|
|
|
5,290
|
|
|
|
5,679
|
|
|
|
5,142
|
|
Mexico
|
|
|
850
|
|
|
|
1,096
|
|
|
|
1,135
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
32,062
|
|
|
$
|
42,699
|
|
|
$
|
43,031
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.
|
Commitments
and Contingencies
|
The Company enters into arrangements to purchase inventory
requiring minimum purchase commitments in the ordinary course of
business.
As of October 1, 2007, in connection with the Medisystems
Acquisition, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary,
Medisystems Corporation, assumed a supply and distribution
agreement with Kawasumi, a Japanese contract manufacturer. This
agreement covers blood tubing sets and needle sets for the
In-Center segment, and has certain minimum purchase commitments.
On May 6, 2008, the Company through its wholly-owned
subsidiary, Medisystems Corporation, entered into a new supply
and distribution agreement with Kawasumi covering only blood
tubing sets. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, Kawasumi
agreed to continue to manufacture and supply blood tubing sets
to the Company through an initial term ending January 31,
2010. In exchange for Kawasumis commitment to supply blood
tubing sets, and Kawasumis agreement not to sell blood
tubing sets to any other entity in the United States, the
Company agreed to purchase certain minimum quantities of blood
tubing sets. This agreement amends, but does not replace, the
prior supply and distribution agreement entered into between
Medisystems Corporation and Kawasumi. The prior agreement
originally covered the supply of needles as well as blood tubing
sets. The new agreement supersedes the prior agreement with
respect to the supply of blood tubing sets while the prior
agreement continued to be in effect with respect to needles
supplied by Kawasumi. Kawasumis obligation under the prior
agreement to supply needles expires in February 2011, with
opportunities to extend the term beyond that date.
On March 1, 2007, the Company entered into a long-term
agreement with the Entrada Group, or Entrada, to establish
manufacturing and service operations in Mexico, initially for
its cycler and PureFlow SL disposables and later for its
PureFlow SL hardware. The agreement obligates Entrada to provide
the Company with manufacturing space, support services and a
labor force through 2012. Subject to certain exceptions, the
Company is obligated for facility fees through the term of the
agreement which approximate $0.2 million
93
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
annually. The agreement may be terminated by either party upon
material breach, generally following a
30-day cure
period, or upon the insolvency of the other party.
In January 2007, the Company entered into a long-term supply
agreement with Membrana, pursuant to which Membrana has agreed
to supply, on an exclusive basis, capillary membranes for use in
the filters used with the System One for ten years. In exchange
for Membranas agreement to pricing reductions based on
volumes ordered, the Company has agreed to purchase a base
amount of membranes per year from Membrana. The agreement may be
terminated by either party upon a material breach, generally
following a
60-day cure
period, or upon the insolvency of the other party.
The Company maintains its corporate headquarters in a leased
building located in Lawrence, Massachusetts and maintains its
manufacturing operations in Mexico, Germany, and Italy. During
2005, the Company renewed its lease agreement at its
headquarters through 2012. The lease agreement contains a
provision for future rent increases, requires the Company to pay
executory costs (real estate taxes, operating expenses and
common utilities) and provides for a renewal option of five
years. The Companys leased manufacturing facilities are
subject to lease agreements with termination dates beginning in
2011. The total amount of rental payments due over the lease
term is being charged to rent expense on the straight-line
method over the term of the lease. Rent expense, net of sublease
income, was $1.7 million, $1.8 million and
$1.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2009,
2008 and 2007, respectively. The lease agreement for the
Companys headquarters included a tenant improvement
allowance paid by the landlord of $0.6 million, which has
been recorded as both a leasehold improvement and a deferred
rent obligation. All of the Companys leases are accounted
for as operating leases.
The future minimum rental payments as of December 31, 2009
under the Companys operating leases are as follows (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
$
|
1,759
|
|
2011
|
|
|
1,588
|
|
2012
|
|
|
558
|
|
2013
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
3,910
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities reflect the tax
effects of differences in the recognition of income and expense
items for tax and financial reporting purposes.
94
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Deferred tax assets (liabilities), the majority of which are
non-current, are comprised of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Deferred tax assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating loss carryforwards
|
|
$
|
95,610
|
|
|
$
|
83,904
|
|
Research and development credits
|
|
|
5,271
|
|
|
|
4,743
|
|
Other
|
|
|
6,843
|
|
|
|
3,259
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total deferred tax assets
|
|
|
107,724
|
|
|
|
91,906
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
(4,938
|
)
|
|
|
(4,156
|
)
|
Deferred tax liability recorded on basis difference of
intangible assets acquired as part of Medisystems acquisition
|
|
|
(11,048
|
)
|
|
|
(12,143
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total deferred tax liabilities
|
|
|
(15,986
|
)
|
|
|
(16,299
|
)
|
Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance
|
|
|
91,738
|
|
|
|
75,607
|
|
Less: Valuation allowance
|
|
|
(91,738
|
)
|
|
|
(75,607
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net deferred tax assets
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2009, the Company had federal, state and
foreign net operating loss carryforwards of approximately
$248.0 million, $209.0 million and $0.2 million,
respectively, available to offset future taxable income, if any.
Substantially all net losses are in the United States. The
federal net operating loss carryforwards will expire between
2019 and 2029 if not utilized, while the state net operating
loss carryforwards will expire between 2010 and 2029 if not
utilized. The Company also had federal and state research and
development credit carryforwards of $3.8 million and
$2.2 million, which begin to expire in 2019 if not
utilized. During 2009, the deferred tax valuation allowance
increased by approximately $15.7 million, primarily as the
result of increases to net operating losses and credits. A full
valuation allowance has been recorded in the accompanying
consolidated financial statements to offset the Companys
deferred tax assets because the future realizability of such
assets is uncertain. Utilization of the net operating loss
carryforwards may be subject to annual limitations due to the
ownership percentage change limitations provided by the Internal
Revenue Code Section 382 and similar state provisions. In
the event of a deemed change in control under Internal Revenue
Code Section 382, an annual limitation imposed on the
utilization of net operating losses may result in the expiration
of all or a portion of the net operating loss carryforwards.
The Company has $4.8 million of net operating losses
resulting from excess tax deductions relating to stock-based
compensation. The Company will realize the benefit of these
losses through increases to stockholders equity in future
periods when and if the losses are utilized to reduce future tax
payments.
The provision for income taxes of $0.3 million,
$0.4 million and $0.1 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007,
respectively, relates to the profitable operations of certain
foreign entities.
95
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to
the effective tax rate is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Federal statutory rate
|
|
|
34.0
|
%
|
|
|
34.0
|
%
|
|
|
34.0
|
%
|
State income tax, net of federal tax benefit
|
|
|
4.9
|
%
|
|
|
0.0
|
%
|
|
|
0.0
|
%
|
Valuation allowance
|
|
|
(38.5
|
)%
|
|
|
(34.2
|
)%
|
|
|
(33.2
|
)%
|
Other, net
|
|
|
(1.0
|
)%
|
|
|
(0.5
|
)%
|
|
|
(0.9
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effective tax rate
|
|
|
(0.6
|
)%
|
|
|
(0.7
|
)%
|
|
|
(0.1
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company has $0.1 million of unrecognized tax benefits
at December 31, 2009 that would, if recognized, affect its
effective tax rate. The Company does not anticipate a
significant change in the amount of these unrecognized tax
benefits over the next twelve months. Since the Company is in a
loss carryforward position, the Company is generally subject to
US federal, state, local and foreign income tax examinations by
tax authorities for all years for which a loss carryforward is
available.
|
|
14.
|
Stock
Plans and Stock-Based Compensation
|
Stock
Incentive Plans
The Company maintains the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (the
2005 Plan) that governs awards to both employees and
non-employees. The 2005 Plan replaces and supersedes the 1999
Stock Option and Grant Plan (the 1999 Plan), except
that awards granted under the 1999 Plan remain in effect
pursuant to their original terms. Upon adoption of the 2005 Plan
971,495 shares, which were then still available for grant
under the 1999 Plan, were transferred and became available for
grant under the 2005 Plan. In January 2007, the number of shares
authorized for grant under the 2005 Plan was increased by
600,000 shares, pursuant to an evergreen provision under
the Plan which was subsequently eliminated by the Board in July
2007. In October 2007, the Companys shareholders approved
an amendment to the 2005 Plan that increased the number of
authorized shares by an additional 3,800,000 shares, of
which no more than 1,500,000 shares may be granted as
restricted stock units. In May 2009, the Companys
shareholders approved an amendment to the 2005 Plan that
increased the number of authorized shares by an additional
4,100,000 shares and provided that each share issued under
a restricted stock or restricted stock unit award after
May 28, 2009 will reduce the number of total shares
available for grant by 1.23 shares.
Unless otherwise specified by the Companys Board of
Directors or Compensation Committee of the Board, stock options
issued to employees under the 2005 Plan expire seven years from
the date of grant and generally vest over a period of four
years. In general, all stock options issued under the 1999 Plan
expire ten years from the date of grant and the majority of
these awards granted under the 1999 Plan were exercisable upon
the date of grant into restricted common stock, which vested
over a period of four years. Stock option grants to directors
expire five years from the date of grant and vest 100% on date
of grant.
At December 31, 2009, options for the purchase of
4,137,211 shares of common stock are available for future
grant under the 2005 Plan. The Company settles stock option
exercises and restricted stock unit vesting with newly issued
common shares. As of December 31, 2009, the Company has
reserved 6,850,050 shares of common stock for issuance upon
settlement of awards.
In March 2009, the Company committed to grant up to 1,591,250
restricted stock units to certain employees and executive
officers based on the Companys financial performance for
the year ending December 31, 2009. The grants vest over a
remaining requisite service period of two years. Further, in
March 2009, the Company approved its 2009 corporate bonus plan.
Payout under the 2009 bonus plan will be based on the
Companys financial performance for the year ending
December 31, 2009 and will be paid primarily in
96
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
shares of the Companys common stock. The estimated payout
under the 2009 bonus plan was recognized as compensation expense
during 2009 and has been classified as a liability on the
Companys consolidated balance sheet. The terms of both
awards are governed by the 2009 Plan.
The Companys 2005 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the
2005 Purchase Plan) authorizes the issuance of up to
100,000 shares of common stock to participating employees
through a series of periodic offerings. In May 2009 and June
2008, the Company amended the 2005 Purchase Plan to include an
additional 500,000 and 50,000 shares, respectively. Each
six-month offering period begins in January and July. An
employee becomes eligible to participate in the 2005 Purchase
Plan once he or she has been employed for at least three months
and is regularly employed for at least 20 hours per week
for more than three months in a calendar year. The price at
which employees can purchase common stock in an offering is
95 percent of the closing price of the Companys
common stock on the NASDAQ Global Market on the day the offering
terminates, unless otherwise determined by the Board or
Compensation Committee. As of December 31, 2009, the
maximum number of shares available for future issuance under the
2005 Purchase Plan is 396,488.
Stock
Options
A summary of the status of stock options granted under all of
the Companys plans at December 31, 2009, and changes
during the year then ended, is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise
|
|
|
Aggregate
|
|
|
Remaining
|
|
Stock Options
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Price
|
|
|
Intrinsic Value
|
|
|
Contractual Life
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
|
(In years)
|
|
|
Outstanding at beginning of year
|
|
|
5,437,097
|
|
|
$
|
8.38
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted
|
|
|
1,755,430
|
|
|
$
|
2.45
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised
|
|
|
(86,927
|
)
|
|
$
|
3.10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forfeited or expired
|
|
|
(255,550
|
)
|
|
$
|
9.87
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at end of year
|
|
|
6,850,050
|
|
|
$
|
6.87
|
|
|
$
|
19,315
|
|
|
|
4.62
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fully vested and exercisable
|
|
|
4,034,447
|
|
|
$
|
7.55
|
|
|
$
|
8,821
|
|
|
|
3.98
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fully vested, exercisable and expected to vest
|
|
|
6,568,490
|
|
|
$
|
6.91
|
|
|
$
|
18,266
|
|
|
|
4.33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during the
years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was
$0.3 million, $0.2 million and $3.6 million,
respectively. The intrinsic value for stock options is
calculated based on the market price of the Companys
common stock as of December 31, 2009, less the exercise
price of the underlying awards, excluding
out-of-the-money
awards. The total fair value of options that vested during the
years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was
$6.0 million, $5.7 million and $4.5 million,
respectively.
The weighted-average fair value of options granted during the
years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $1.33,
$2.85 and $8.33 per option, respectively. The fair value of
options at date of grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model with the following assumptions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
|
|
Year Ended
|
|
Year Ended
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
December 31,
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2009
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
Expected life (in years)
|
|
4.75
|
|
4.75
|
|
4.75
|
Risk-free interest rate
|
|
1.71% - 2.58%
|
|
2.40% - 3.70%
|
|
3.42% - 4.94%
|
Expected stock price volatility
|
|
65% to 75%
|
|
67%
|
|
65% to 75%
|
Expected dividend yield
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
97
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Restricted
Stock Units
The total fair value of restricted stock units that vested was
$0.1 million during each of the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. The weighted-average fair
value of restricted stock units granted during the years ended
December 31, 2009 and 2007 was $2.11 and $14.98 per unit,
respectively. The following table summarizes the status of the
unvested restricted stock units:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grant-date
|
|
|
Aggregate
|
|
|
Remaining
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
|
Intrinsic Value
|
|
|
Contractual Life
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
|
(In years)
|
|
|
Nonvested at December 31, 2008
|
|
|
21,777
|
|
|
$
|
13.45
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted
|
|
|
1,213,734
|
|
|
$
|
2.11
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vested
|
|
|
(8,947
|
)
|
|
$
|
12.81
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nonvested at December 31, 2009
|
|
|
1,226,564
|
|
|
$
|
2.23
|
|
|
$
|
10,242
|
|
|
|
6.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Employee
Stock Purchase Plan
The weighted-average fair value of stock purchase rights granted
as part of the 2005 Purchase Plan during the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $0.97, $0.87 and $2.60
per share, respectively. The fair value of the employees
stock purchase rights was estimated using the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model with the following assumptions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended
|
|
Year Ended
|
|
Year Ended
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
December 31,
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2009
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
Expected life (in months)
|
|
6
|
|
6
|
|
6
|
Risk-free interest rate
|
|
0.18% - 0.33%
|
|
1.6% - 3.4%
|
|
4.90%
|
Expected stock price volatility
|
|
65%
|
|
65% - 67%
|
|
65% to 75%
|
Expected dividend yield
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There were 103,551, 85,691 and 35,967 shares issued under
the 2005 Purchase Plan for the years ended December 31,
2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, which resulted in share-based
compensation expense of $0.1 million for each of the years
ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Stock-based
Compensation Expense
The following table presents stock-based compensation expense
included in the consolidated statements of operations (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Cost of revenues
|
|
$
|
1,593
|
|
|
$
|
1,053
|
|
|
$
|
339
|
|
Selling and marketing
|
|
|
3,507
|
|
|
|
2,247
|
|
|
|
1,140
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
774
|
|
|
|
520
|
|
|
|
221
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
3,352
|
|
|
|
2,022
|
|
|
|
1,749
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stock-based compensation expense
|
|
$
|
9,226
|
|
|
$
|
5,842
|
|
|
$
|
3,449
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2009, approximately $10.4 million
of unrecognized stock compensation cost related to nonvested
stock option and restricted stock unit awards (net of estimated
forfeitures) is expected to be recognized over a
weighted-average period of 2.0 years.
98
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Other
Compensation Plans
The Company maintains postemployment benefit plans for employees
in certain foreign subsidiaries. The plans provide lump sum
benefits, payable based on statutory regulations for voluntary
or involuntary termination. Where required, the Company obtains
an annual actuarial valuation of the benefit plans. The Company
has recorded a liability of $1.6 million and
$1.4 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008,
respectively, as other long-term liabilities for costs
associated with these plans. The expense recorded in connection
with these plans was not significant during 2009, 2008 or 2007.
|
|
15.
|
Employee
Benefit Plan
|
The Company has a 401(k) retirement plan, or the 401(k) Plan,
for the benefit of eligible employees, as defined. Each
participant may elect to contribute up to 25% of his or her
compensation to the 401(k) Plan each year, subject to certain
IRS limitations. The Company contributes 100% of the first 3% of
the employees contribution and 50% of the next 2% of the
employees contribution. The Company contributed
$1.0 million, $0.9 million and $0.8 million to
the 401(k) Plan during the years ended December 31, 2009,
2008 and 2007, respectively.
On May 22, 2008, the Company entered into a
$43.0 million private placement agreement to sell an
aggregate of 9.6 million shares of its common stock at a
price of $4.50 per share and warrants to purchase
1.9 million shares of its common stock at an exercise price
of $5.50 per share. The first tranche of the financing,
consisting of approximately 5.6 million newly-issued and
unregistered shares of common stock and warrants to purchase
1.1 million shares of the Companys common stock,
closed on May 28, 2008 for aggregate gross proceeds of
$25.0 million to certain accredited investors managed by a
single advisor, OrbiMed Advisors LLC. The Company agreed to
close, subject to stockholder approval, the second tranche under
the same terms to certain existing investors, some of whom are
affiliates of the Company and include a member of the
Companys board of directors. Cash to purchase the second
tranche of the financing was placed in escrow on May 28,
2008 until such time as the Company obtained stockholder
approval. On July 31, 2008, at a special meeting of its
stockholders, the Company obtained approval for, and
subsequently issued and sold on August 1, 2008, an
additional 4.0 million shares of common stock and warrants
exercisable for 0.8 million shares of the Companys
common stock in exchange for aggregate gross proceeds of
$18.0 million. The proceeds from both tranches of the
financing, net of transaction costs, were approximately
$42.3 million.
The Company is required to register the common stock and the
common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, which was done on
August 8, 2008. If the holders of the shares or the
accompanying warrant shares are unable to sell such shares or
warrant shares under the registration statement for more than
30 days in any 365 day period after the effectiveness
of the registration statement, the Company may be obligated to
pay damages equal to up to 1% of the share purchase price per
month that the registration statement is not effective and the
investors are unable to sell their shares.
The exercise price of the warrants to purchase shares of the
Companys common stock issued in connection with this
private placement was fixed at $5.50 per share on
December 31, 2008 based on the Companys achievement
of over 3,100 ESRD patients prescribed to receive therapy using
the System One. As a result, the fair value of these warrants of
$1.9 million at December 31, 2008 was reclassified
from a current liability to equity on January 1, 2009. The
reclassification on January 1, 2009 represents a noncash
financing activity. The warrants have a term of 5 years and
expire on May 28, 2013 and August 1, 2013 for the
first and second tranches, respectively. The warrants also
contain a net share settlement feature that is available to
investors once the underlying shares are registered. Additional
provisions require the Company, in the event of a change of
control, to pay promptly to the warrant holder an amount
calculated by the Black-Scholes option
99
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
pricing formula. Such payment is required to be in cash or
shares in the same proportion that other stockholders receive in
such change of control transaction.
The fair value of the warrants at issuance was $3.3 million
for the warrants issued on May 28, 2008 and
$1.8 million for the warrants issued on August 1,
2008. The Company recognized a $3.2 million gain in other
expense, net during 2008 related to changes in fair value of
outstanding warrants. These amounts were determined using the
Black-Scholes option pricing model and calculated using the
following assumptions: 67% volatility; expected term of
5 years; 1.6% 3.4% risk-free interest rate; and
0% dividend. The fair value of the warrants issued in connection
with the private placement represents a noncash financing
activity.
The Companys obligation, entered into on May 22,
2008, to issue 4.0 million shares of common stock and
warrants to purchase 0.8 million shares of common stock in
the second tranche met the definition of a derivative instrument
under ASC 815. The fair value of the derivative instrument upon
issuance on May 22, 2008 was $1.3 million. The fair
value of the derivative instrument upon settlement on
August 1, 2008 was $0.6 million and was recorded in
equity as a reduction of the total proceeds received from the
transaction. These amounts were determined using the
Black-Scholes option pricing model and calculated using the
following assumptions: 76% volatility; expected term of 32 to
71 days; 1.9% risk-free interest rate; and 0% dividend. The
Company recognized a loss of $0.7 million in other expense,
net during 2008 related to changes in fair value of this
derivative instrument. The fair value of the derivative
instrument issued in connection with the private placement
represents a noncash financing activity.
On October 1, 2007, the Company issued 6.5 million
shares of its common stock at a price of $12.50 per share in
connection with the acquisition of the MDS Entities.
On February 7, 2007, the Company issued and sold to DaVita
2.0 million shares of common stock at a purchase price of
$10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of
$19.9 million, net of issuance costs. The price of the
Companys common stock on February 7, 2007 was $8.50
per share, resulting in a $3.0 million premium, which was
deferred and is being recognized ratably to revenue over a term
of seven years.
|
|
17.
|
Related-Party
Transactions
|
On June 4, 2007, the Company entered into a stock purchase
agreement with David S. Utterberg, a director and significant
stockholder of the Company, under which the Company agreed to
purchase from Mr. Utterberg the issued and outstanding
shares of the MDS Entities, in exchange for the issuance of
6.5 million shares of the Companys common stock. The
Company may be required to issue additional shares of common
stock to Mr. Utterberg because, pursuant to the terms of
the stock purchase agreement, Mr. Utterberg and the Company
have agreed to indemnify each other in the event of certain
breaches or failures, and any such indemnification amounts must
be paid in shares of the Companys common stock, valued at
the time of payment. However, the Company will not be required
to issue shares for indemnification purposes that in the
aggregate would exceed 20% of the then outstanding shares of the
Companys common stock without first obtaining stockholder
approval, and any such shares will not be registered under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The stock purchase agreement
provided that an aggregate of one million shares would be held
back in escrow to secure any indemnification obligations of
Mr. Utterberg for a period of two years. All shares have
been released from escrow, consistent with the terms of the
escrow agreement entered into between the parties. In connection
with the acquisition of the MDS Entities the Company assumed a
$2.8 million liability owed to DSU Medical Corporation, or
DSU, a Nevada corporation, which is wholly-owned by
Mr. Utterberg. The Company paid the liability during 2008.
As a condition to the parties obligations to consummate
the Medisystems Acquisition, Mr. Utterberg and DSU entered
into a consulting agreement with the Company, dated
October 1, 2007. The Company paid Mr. Utterberg and
DSU $150,000, $200,000 and $50,000 during 2009, 2008 and 2007,
respectively, in consideration for services performed under this
agreement. Finally, in connection with the Medisystems
Acquisition, the Company also agreed that if Mr. Utterberg
is no longer a director of NxStage, the Companys Board of
Directors will nominate for election
100
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
to the Companys Board of Directors any director nominee
proposed by Mr. Utterberg, subject to certain conditions.
On May 22, 2008, the Company entered into Securities
Purchase Agreements relating to a private placement of shares of
its common stock and warrants to purchase shares of its common
stock. The private placement took place in two closings, on
May 28, 2008 and August 1, 2008, and raised
$25.0 million and $18.0 million, respectively, in
gross proceeds. Participants in the private placement consisted
of unaffiliated and affiliated accredited institutional
investors. One of these investors, the Sprout Group, is
affiliated with one of the Companys Board members,
Dr. Philippe O. Chambon. The Sprout Group purchased
1.0 million shares and warrants to purchase
0.2 million shares of the Companys common stock at a
price similar to that of unaffiliated investors. Under
applicable rules of the NASDAQ Global Market, the second closing
of the private placement, which included all shares issued to
the Sprout Group and other affiliated accredited institutional
investors, was subject to stockholder approval, which was
obtained at a special meeting on July 31, 2008.
The Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with
OrbiMed Advisors, LLC, or OrbiMed, in connection with the
private placement which required that the Company appoint one
individual nominated by OrbiMed to the Companys Board of
Directors upon the earlier of the second closing of the private
placement or sixty days after the first closing of the private
placement. The appointment of Mr. Jonathan Silverstein, a
general partner of OrbiMed, on July 23, 2008, to the Board
satisfied this requirement. OrbiMed purchased an aggregate of
5.6 million shares and warrants to purchase
1.1 million shares of the Companys common stock in
connection with the private placement at a price similar to that
of unaffiliated investors.
|
|
18.
|
Fair
Value Measurements
|
At December 31, 2009, the Company had $12.8 million in
money market funds, included in cash and cash equivalents,
measured at fair value on a recurring basis utilizing quoted
prices (unadjusted) in active markets of identical assets, also
referred to as level 1 inputs.
The carrying amounts reflected in the consolidated balance
sheets for cash, accounts receivable, prepaids and other current
and non-current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses
approximate fair value due to their short-term nature.
The carrying amount of the Companys long-term debt
approximates fair value at December 31, 2009. The fair
value of the Companys long-term debt was estimated using
inputs derived principally from market observable data,
including current rates offering to the Company for debt of the
same or similar remaining maturities. Within the hierarchy of
fair value measurements, these are level 2 inputs.
On March 10, 2010, the Company entered into a Loan and
Security Agreement, the Agreement, with Silicon Valley Bank,
SVB, for a $15.0 million revolving line of credit with a
maturity date of April 1, 2012. The Agreement is secured by
all or substantially all of the Companys assets. In
connection with this Agreement, the Company amended the term
loan and security agreement with Asahi to provide for certain
amendments, including granting to Asahi junior liens on certain
of the Companys assets for so long as the Agreement with
SVB remains outstanding. Upon termination of all obligations
under that facility, Asahis security will revert to a
security in all assets other than cash, bank accounts, accounts
receivable, field equipment and inventory. Borrowings under the
Agreement bear interest at a floating rate per annum equal to
two percentage points (2.00%) above the prime rate (initial
prime rate of 4%). Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company has
agreed to certain financial covenants relating to liquidity
requirements and adjusted EBITDA, as defined in the Agreement
with SVB. The Agreement contains events of default customary for
transactions of this type, including nonpayment,
misrepresentation, breach of covenants, material adverse effect
and bankruptcy. The Company did not draw any amounts under the
Agreement at closing, but may do so in the future to fund
working capital and operating requirements.
101
NXSTAGE
MEDICAL, INC.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
|
|
20.
|
Quarterly
Financial Data (Unaudited)
|
The following table sets forth selected quarterly information
(unaudited) ( in thousands, except per share data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2009
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
June 30,
|
|
September 30,
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2009
|
|
2009
|
|
2009
|
|
2009
|
|
Revenues
|
|
$
|
33,735
|
|
|
$
|
36,398
|
|
|
$
|
38,033
|
|
|
$
|
40,510
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
7,055
|
|
|
|
8,817
|
|
|
|
9,545
|
|
|
|
11,447
|
|
Net loss
|
|
|
(12,228
|
)
|
|
|
(12,515
|
)
|
|
|
(10,047
|
)
|
|
|
(8,677
|
)
|
Net loss per common share, basic and diluted
|
|
$
|
(0.26
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.27
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.22
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.19
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2008
|
|
|
March 31,
|
|
June 30,
|
|
September 30,
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2008
|
|
2008
|
|
2008
|
|
Revenues
|
|
$
|
31,005
|
|
|
$
|
31,616
|
|
|
$
|
30,466
|
|
|
$
|
35,676
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
4,018
|
|
|
|
4,415
|
|
|
|
4,782
|
|
|
|
7,161
|
|
Net loss
|
|
|
(13,944
|
)
|
|
|
(12,534
|
)
|
|
|
(14,970
|
)
|
|
|
(9,763
|
)
|
Net loss per common share, basic and diluted
|
|
$
|
(0.38
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.32
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.33
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.21
|
)
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Net loss includes changes in fair value of financial instruments
of $2.1 million gain, $1.8 million loss,
$2.3 million gain during the quarters ending June 30,
2008, September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2008,
respectively. |
102
|
|
Item 9.
|
Changes
in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure
|
Not applicable.
|
|
Item 9A.
|
Controls
and Procedures
|
Our management, with the participation of our chief executive
officer and chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness
of our disclosure controls and procedures as of
December 31, 2009. The term disclosure controls and
procedures, as defined in
Rules 13a-15(e)
and
15d-15(e)
under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a
company that are designed to ensure that information required to
be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or
submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in
the SECs rules and forms. Disclosure controls and
procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures
designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by
a company in the reports that it files or submits under the
Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the
companys management, including its principal executive and
principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely
decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes
that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed
and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving
their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment
in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls
and procedures. Based on the evaluation of NxStages
disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2009,
our chief executive officer and chief financial officer
concluded that, as of such date, NxStages disclosure
controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable
assurance level.
No change in NxStages internal control over financial
reporting occurred during the fiscal quarter ended
December 31, 2009 that has materially affected, or is
reasonably likely to materially affect, NxStages internal
control over financial reporting.
Managements
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We, as management of NxStage Medical, Inc., are responsible for
establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over
financial reporting. Pursuant to the rules and regulations of
the Securities and Exchange Commission, internal control over
financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the
supervision of, the companys principal executive and
principal financial officer, or persons performing similar
functions, and effected by the companys board of
directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and
includes those policies and procedures that:
|
|
|
|
|
Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions
of our assets;
|
|
|
|
Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as
necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and
that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in
accordance with authorizations of our management and
directors; and
|
|
|
|
Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our
assets that could have a material effect on our financial
statements.
|
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over
financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods
are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management has evaluated the effectiveness of its internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009,
based on the control criteria established in a report entitled
Internal Control Integrated Framework, issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
Based on such evaluation, we have concluded that NxStages
internal control over financial reporting is effective as of
December 31, 2009.
The independent registered public accounting firm of
Ernst & Young LLP, as auditors of NxStages
consolidated financial statements, has issued an attestation
report on its assessment of NxStages internal control over
financial reporting.
103
REPORT OF
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of NxStage Medical, Inc.
We have audited NxStage Medical, Incs internal control
over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on
criteria established in Internal Control Integrated
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of
the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). NxStage Medical,
Inc.s management is responsible for maintaining effective
internal control over financial reporting, and for its
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over
financial reporting included in the accompanying
Managements Report on Internal Control over Financial
Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the
companys internal control over financial reporting based
on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control
over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of
internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk
that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the
design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on
the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our
audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a
process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles. A companys
internal control over financial reporting includes those
policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions
are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company
are being made only in accordance with authorizations of
management and directors of the company; and (3) provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the
companys assets that could have a material effect on the
financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over
financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future
periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree
of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, NxStage Medical, Inc. maintained, in all
material respects, effective internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on the COSO
criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the
consolidated balance sheets of NxStage Medical, Inc. as of
December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated
statements of operations, changes in stockholders equity,
and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2009, and our report dated March 12, 2010
expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Boston, Massachusetts
March 12, 2010
104
|
|
Item 9B.
|
Other
Information
|
On March 10, 2010, the Company entered into a Loan and
Security Agreement, the Agreement, with Silicon Valley Bank,
SVB, for a $15.0 million revolving line of credit with a
maturity date of April 1, 2012. The Agreement is secured by
all or substantially all of the Companys assets. In
connection with this Agreement, the Company amended the term
loan and security agreement with Asahi to provide for certain
amendments, including granting to Asahi junior liens on certain
of the Companys assets for so long as the Agreement with
SVB remains outstanding. Upon termination of all obligations
under that facility, Asahis security will revert to a
security in all assets other than cash, bank accounts, accounts
receivable, field equipment and inventory. Borrowings under the
Agreement bear interest at a floating rate per annum equal to
two percentage points (2.00%) above the prime rate (initial
prime rate of 4%). Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company has
agreed to certain financial covenants relating to liquidity
requirements and adjusted EBITDA, as defined in the Agreement
with SVB. The Agreement contains events of default customary for
transactions of this type, including nonpayment,
misrepresentation, breach of covenants, material adverse effect
and bankruptcy. The Company did not draw any amounts under the
Agreement at closing, but may do so in the future to fund
working capital and operating requirements.
PART III
We have included information about our executive officers in
Part I of the report under the caption Executive
Officers of the Registrant.
The information required by Part III,
Items 10-14
of this report is incorporated by reference from our definitive
proxy statement for our 2010 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
Such information will be contained in the sections of such proxy
statement captioned Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial
Owners and Management, Proposal 1
Election of Directors, Corporate Governance,
Information about Executive Officer and Director
Compensation, Certain Relationships and Related
Transactions, and Director Independence, Other
Matters Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership
Reporting Compliance.
Certain documents relating to the registrants corporate
governance, including the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics,
which is applicable to the registrants directors, officers
and employees and the charters of the Audit Committee,
Compensation Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance
Committee of the registrants Board of Directors, are
available on the registrants website at
http://www.nxstage.com.
PART IV
|
|
Item 15.
|
Exhibits,
Financial Statement Schedules
|
(a) Financial Statements
The following consolidated financial statements are filed as
part of this Annual Report under Item 8
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data:
|
|
|
|
|
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
|
|
72
|
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets
|
|
|
73
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Operations
|
|
|
74
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity
|
|
|
75
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
|
|
|
76
|
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
|
|
77
|
|
(b) Exhibits
The exhibits listed in the Exhibit Index immediately
preceding the exhibits are incorporated herein by reference and
are filed as part of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
(c) Financial Statement Schedules
None. No financial statement schedules have
been filed as part of this Annual Report on Form
10-K because
they are either not applicable or the required information has
been included in the accompanying notes to the consolidated
financial statements.
105
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused
this Annual Report on
Form 10-K
to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized.
NXSTAGE MEDICAL, INC.
|
|
|
|
By:
|
/s/ Jeffrey
H. Burbank
|
Jeffrey H. Burbank
President and Chief Executive Officer
March 12, 2010
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, this Annual Report on
Form 10-K
has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
Registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Signature
|
|
Title
|
|
Date
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jeffrey
H. Burbank
Jeffrey
H. Burbank
|
|
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
|
|
March 12, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Robert
S. Brown
Robert
S. Brown
|
|
Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President (Principal
Financial and Accounting Officer)
|
|
March 12, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Philippe
O. Chambon
Philippe
O. Chambon, M.D., Ph.D.
|
|
Chairman of the Board of Directors
|
|
March 12, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Daniel
A. Giannini
Daniel
A. Giannini
|
|
Director
|
|
March 12, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Craig
W. Moore
Craig
W. Moore
|
|
Director
|
|
March 12, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Reid
Perper
Reid
Perper
|
|
Director
|
|
March 12, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Earl
R. Lewis
Earl
R. Lewis
|
|
Director
|
|
March 12, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jonathan
Silverstein
Jonathan
Silverstein
|
|
Director
|
|
March 12, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ David
S. Utterberg
David
S. Utterberg
|
|
Director
|
|
March 12, 2010
|
106
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by Reference to
|
Exhibit
|
|
|
|
Form or
|
|
|
|
Filing Date
|
|
SEC File
|
Number
|
|
Description
|
|
Schedule
|
|
Exhibit No.
|
|
with SEC
|
|
Number
|
|
|
3
|
.1
|
|
Restated Certificate of Incorporation
|
|
S-1/A
|
|
|
3.4
|
|
|
10/7/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
3
|
.2
|
|
Amended and Restated By-Laws
|
|
S-1/A
|
|
|
3.5
|
|
|
10/7/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
4
|
.1
|
|
Specimen Certificate evidencing shares of common stock
|
|
S-1/A
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
|
10/7/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
4
|
.2
|
|
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated May 22, 2008
and a schedule of signatories thereto
|
|
8-K
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
|
5/23/2008
|
|
000-51567
|
|
4
|
.3
|
|
Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock
|
|
8-K
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
|
5/23/2008
|
|
000-51567
|
|
9
|
.1
|
|
Form of Voting Agreement, dated as of May 22, 2008 and a
schedule of signatories thereto
|
|
8-K
|
|
|
9.1
|
|
|
5/23/2008
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.1#
|
|
1999 Stock Option and Grant Plan, as amended
|
|
S-1/A
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
|
10/7/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.2#
|
|
Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement under the 1999 Stock
Option and Grant Plan, as amended
|
|
S-1/A
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
|
10/7/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.3#
|
|
Form of Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement under the 1999 Stock
Option and Grant Plan, as amended
|
|
S-1/A
|
|
|
10.3
|
|
|
10/7/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.4#
|
|
2005 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended by Amendment No. 1,
together with Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement, Form of
Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement and Form of Restricted Stock
Agreement
|
|
10-Q
S-1/A
10-K
|
|
|
10.3
10.22
10.5
|
|
|
11/7/2007
10/20/2005
3/16/2007
|
|
000-51567
333-126711
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.5#
|
|
2005 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended by Amendment
No. 1
|
|
10-K
|
|
|
10.5
|
|
|
3/7/2008
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.6#
|
|
Employment Agreement dated October 19, 2005 between the
Registrant and Jeffrey H. Burbank
|
|
S-1/A
|
|
|
10.12
|
|
|
10/20/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.7#
|
|
Employment Agreement dated October 17, 2005 between the
Registrant and Philip R. Licari
|
|
S-1/A
|
|
|
10.13
|
|
|
10/20/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.8#
|
|
Employment Agreement dated October 18, 2005 between the
Registrant and Joseph E. Turk, Jr.
|
|
S-1/A
|
|
|
10.15
|
|
|
10/20/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.9#
|
|
Employment Agreement dated October 18, 2005 between the
Registrant and Winifred L. Swan
|
|
S-1/A
|
|
|
10.16
|
|
|
10/20/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.10#
|
|
Employment Agreement dated November 27, 2006 between
Registrant and Robert S. Brown
|
|
10-K
|
|
|
10.10
|
|
|
3/16/2007
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.11#
|
|
Restricted Stock Agreement Granted Under 2005 Stock Incentive
Plan dated March 24, 2006 between the Registrant and Philip
R. Licari
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
|
5/5/2006
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.12#
|
|
Amendment to Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement dated
March 24, 2006 between the Registrant and Philip R. Licari
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.5
|
|
|
5/5/2006
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.13#
|
|
Form of Indemnification Agreement entered into between the
Registrant and each of its Directors and Executive Officers
|
|
S-1/A
|
|
|
10.21
|
|
|
9/21/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.14#
|
|
Summary of 2006 Executive Compensation and 2006 Corporate Bonus
Plan
|
|
S-1
|
|
|
10.25
|
|
|
5/17/2006
|
|
333-134187
|
|
10
|
.15#
|
|
Director Compensation Policy
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
|
5/5/2006
|
|
000-51567
|
107
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by Reference to
|
Exhibit
|
|
|
|
Form or
|
|
|
|
Filing Date
|
|
SEC File
|
Number
|
|
Description
|
|
Schedule
|
|
Exhibit No.
|
|
with SEC
|
|
Number
|
|
|
10
|
.16
|
|
Loan and Security Agreement dated December 23, 2004 by and
between the Registrant and Lighthouse Capital Partners V,
L.P.
|
|
S-1
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
|
7/19/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.17
|
|
Second Promissory Note made December 29, 2004 by Registrant
in favor of Lighthouse Capital Partners V, L.P.
|
|
S-1
|
|
|
10.5
|
|
|
7/19/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.18
|
|
Warrant to Purchase Series F Preferred Stock dated
December 23, 2004 issued to Lighthouse Capital Partners IV,
L.P.
|
|
S-1
|
|
|
10.6
|
|
|
7/19/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.19
|
|
Warrant to Purchase Series F Preferred Stock dated
December 23, 2004 issued to Lighthouse Capital
Partners V, L.P.
|
|
S-1
|
|
|
10.7
|
|
|
7/19/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.20
|
|
Warrant to Purchase Series E Preferred Stock dated
September 26, 2002 issued to Comerica Bank
|
|
S-1
|
|
|
10.8
|
|
|
7/19/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.21
|
|
Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of November 21,
2007, by and among the Registrant, EIR Medical, Inc.,
Medisystems Services Corporation, and Medisystems Corporation,
as Borrowers, and Merrill Lynch Capital, a division of Merrill
Lynch Business Financial Services Inc., as Lender,
Administrative Agent, Sole Lead Arranger and Sole Bookrunner
|
|
8-K
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
|
11/28/2007
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.22
|
|
Loan and Security Agreement dated as of May 15, 2006
between the Silicon Valley Bank and the Registrant
|
|
S-1
|
|
|
10.24
|
|
|
5/17/2006
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.23
|
|
Standard Form Commercial Lease dated October 17, 2000
between the Registrant and Heritage Place, LLC, as amended by
Modification to Standard Form Commercial Lease
|
|
S-1
|
|
|
10.10
|
|
|
7/19/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.24
|
|
Commercial
Tenancy-At-Will
Agreement dated March 14, 2005 between the Registrant and
Osgood St., LLC, as amended by Modification to
Tenancy-At-Will
Agreement
|
|
S-1
|
|
|
10.11
|
|
|
7/19/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.25
|
|
Supply Agreement dated as of October 26, 2004 between the
Registrant and B. Braun Medizintechnologie GmbH
|
|
S-1
|
|
|
10.17
|
|
|
7/19/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.26
|
|
Supply Agreement dated October 1, 2004 between the
Registrant, EIR Medical, Inc. and Membrana GmbH
|
|
S-1
|
|
|
10.18
|
|
|
7/19/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.27
|
|
Production Agreement dated as of June 27, 2005 between the
Registrant and KMC Systems, Inc.
|
|
S-1
|
|
|
10.19
|
|
|
7/19/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.28
|
|
Supply Agreement dated as of January 5, 2007 between the
Registrant and Membrana GmbH
|
|
10-K
|
|
|
10.27
|
|
|
3/16/2007
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.29
|
|
National Service Provider Agreement dated as of February 7,
2007 between the Registrant and DaVita Inc.
|
|
10-K
|
|
|
10.29
|
|
|
3/16/2007
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.30
|
|
Supply Agreement dated March 27, 2006 between the
Registrant and Laboratorios PISA S.A. de C.V.
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.01
|
|
|
5/5/2006
|
|
000-51567
|
108
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by Reference to
|
Exhibit
|
|
|
|
Form or
|
|
|
|
Filing Date
|
|
SEC File
|
Number
|
|
Description
|
|
Schedule
|
|
Exhibit No.
|
|
with SEC
|
|
Number
|
|
|
10
|
.31
|
|
Extracorporeal Disposables Distribution Agreement, dated
July 25, 2007, by and between Medisystems Corporation and
Henry Schein
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
|
11/7/2007
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.32
|
|
Supply and Distribution Agreement, dated February 1, 2001.
by and between Medisystems Corporation and Kawasumi
Laboratories, Inc.
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.6
|
|
|
11/7/2007
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.33
|
|
Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of February 7, 2007
between the Registrant and DaVita Inc.
|
|
10-K
|
|
|
10.31
|
|
|
3/16/2007
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.34
|
|
Registration Rights Agreement dated as of February 7, 2007
between the Registrant and DaVita Inc.
|
|
10-K
|
|
|
10.32
|
|
|
3/16/2007
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.35
|
|
Investors Rights Agreement dated June 30, 1999
between the Registrant and the Investors, as amended on
January 24, 2000, May 24, 2001, April 15, 2003,
August 18, 2004, December 23, 2004 and July 8,
2005
|
|
S-1
|
|
|
10.9
|
|
|
7/19/2005
|
|
333-126711
|
|
10
|
.36
|
|
Agreement, dated December 22, 2003, by and between
Medisystems Corporation and DaVita, Inc.
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.5
|
|
|
11/7/2007
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.37
|
|
Needle Purchase Agreement, dated January 6, 2008, by and
between the Registrant and DaVita, Inc.
|
|
10-K
|
|
|
10.37
|
|
|
3/7/2008
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.38
|
|
Shelter Agreement, dated March 21, 2007 by and among the
Registrant, Entrada Partners and Entrada Group de Mexico, S. de
R.L. de C.V.
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.6
|
|
|
5/9/2007
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.39
|
|
License Agreement, dated June 1, 2007, by and between
Medisystems Corporation and DSU Medical Corporation
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
|
11/7/2007
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.40
|
|
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated June 4, 2007, by and
between the Registrant and David S. Utterberg.
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
|
8/9/2007
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.41
|
|
Escrow Agreement, dated October 1, 2007, by and between the
Registrant, David S. Utterberg and Computershare
Trust Company
|
|
8-K
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
|
10/4/2007
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.42
|
|
Supply and Distribution Agreement, dated May 6, 2008, by
and between Medisystems Corporation and Kawasumi Laboratories,
Inc.
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.43
|
|
|
8/8/2008
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.43
|
|
Amendment No. 4, dated as of March 16, 2009, to the
Credit and Security Agreement, dated November 21, 2007, by
and among the Registrant, EIR Medical, Inc., Medisystems
Services Corporation and Medisystems Corporation, as Borrowers
and GE Business Financial Service Inc. (formerly known as
Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services Inc.), individually as
a Lender and as Administrative Agent
|
|
10-K
|
|
|
10.44
|
|
|
3/16/2009
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.44
|
|
Supply Agreement, dated April 10, 2009, by and between the
Registrant and Laboratorios PiSA
|
|
10-Q/A
|
|
|
10.45
|
|
|
10/19/2009
|
|
000-51567
|
109
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Incorporated by Reference to
|
Exhibit
|
|
|
|
Form or
|
|
|
|
Filing Date
|
|
SEC File
|
Number
|
|
Description
|
|
Schedule
|
|
Exhibit No.
|
|
with SEC
|
|
Number
|
|
|
10
|
.45
|
|
Extracorporeal Disposables Distribution Agreement, dated
June 15, 2009, by and between Medisystems Corporation and
Gambro Renal Products, Inc.
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.46
|
|
|
8/7/2009
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.46
|
|
Term Loan and Security Agreement effective June 5, 2009 by
and between the Registrant, EIR Medical, Inc., Medisystems
Services Corporation, Medisystems Corporation, as Borrowers, and
Medimexico s. de R.L. de C.V., NxStage Verwaltungs GmbH, NxStage
GmbH & Co. KG and Medisystems Europe S.p.A., as
Guarontors and Asahi Kasei Kuraray Medical, Co., Ltd., as the
Lender
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.47
|
|
|
8/7/2009
|
|
000-51567
|
|
10
|
.47
|
|
Technology and Trademark License Agreement effective
June 15, 2009 by and between the Registrant and Asahi Kasei
Kuraray Medical Co., Ltd.
|
|
10-Q
|
|
|
10.48
|
|
|
8/7/2009
|
|
000-51567
|
|
*21
|
.1
|
|
List of Subsidiaries
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*23
|
.1
|
|
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*31
|
.1
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange
Act
Rules 13a-14a
or 15d-14a, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*31
|
.2
|
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange
Act
Rules 13a-14a
or 15d-14a, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*32
|
.1
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange
Act
Rules 13a-14(b)
or 15d-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*32
|
.2
|
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange
Act
Rules 13a-14(b)
or 15d-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Filed herewith. |
|
|
|
Confidential treatment requested as to certain portions, which
portions are omitted and filed separately with the Securities
and Exchange Commission. |
|
# |
|
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement filed as
an Exhibit to this report pursuant to 15(a) and 15(c) of
Form 10-K. |
110