UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2005
or
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Commission file number:
1-6523
Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter:
Bank of America Corporation
State of incorporation:
Delaware
IRS Employer Identification Number:
56-0906609
Address of principal executive offices:
Bank of America Corporate Center
100 N. Tryon Street
Charlotte, North Carolina 28255
Registrants telephone number, including area code:
(704) 386-8486
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes x No ¨
On April 30, 2005, there were 4,021,570,390 shares of Bank of America Corporation Common Stock outstanding.
March 31, 2005 Form 10-Q
1
Bank of America Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statement of Income
Three Months Ended March 31 | ||||||
(Dollars in millions, except per share information) |
2005 |
2004 | ||||
Interest income |
||||||
Interest and fees on loans and leases |
$ | 8,107 | $ | 5,549 | ||
Interest and dividends on securities |
2,534 | 1,212 | ||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell |
893 | 434 | ||||
Trading account assets |
1,182 | 1,012 | ||||
Other interest income |
437 | 345 | ||||
Total interest income |
13,153 | 8,552 | ||||
Interest expense |
||||||
Deposits |
2,043 | 1,206 | ||||
Short-term borrowings |
1,969 | 720 | ||||
Trading account liabilities |
427 | 334 | ||||
Long-term debt |
841 | 491 | ||||
Total interest expense |
5,280 | 2,751 | ||||
Net interest income |
7,873 | 5,801 | ||||
Noninterest income |
||||||
Service charges |
1,777 | 1,416 | ||||
Investment and brokerage services |
1,013 | 635 | ||||
Mortgage banking income |
221 | 209 | ||||
Investment banking income |
366 | 404 | ||||
Equity investment gains |
399 | 133 | ||||
Card income |
1,289 | 795 | ||||
Trading account profits |
760 | 3 | ||||
Other income |
324 | 135 | ||||
Total noninterest income |
6,149 | 3,730 | ||||
Total revenue |
14,022 | 9,531 | ||||
Provision for credit losses |
580 | 624 | ||||
Gains on sales of debt securities |
659 | 495 | ||||
Noninterest expense |
||||||
Personnel |
3,701 | 2,752 | ||||
Occupancy |
636 | 488 | ||||
Equipment |
297 | 261 | ||||
Marketing |
337 | 281 | ||||
Professional fees |
177 | 160 | ||||
Amortization of intangibles |
208 | 54 | ||||
Data processing |
364 | 284 | ||||
Telecommunications |
206 | 151 | ||||
Other general operating |
1,019 | 999 | ||||
Merger and restructuring charges |
112 | | ||||
Total noninterest expense |
7,057 | 5,430 | ||||
Income before income taxes |
7,044 | 3,972 | ||||
Income tax expense |
2,349 | 1,291 | ||||
Net income |
$ | 4,695 | $ | 2,681 | ||
Net income available to common shareholders |
$ | 4,690 | $ | 2,680 | ||
Per common share information |
||||||
Earnings |
$ | 1.16 | $ | 0.93 | ||
Diluted earnings |
$ | 1.14 | $ | 0.91 | ||
Dividends paid |
$ | 0.45 | $ | 0.40 | ||
Average common shares issued and outstanding (in thousands) |
4,032,550 | 2,880,306 | ||||
Average diluted common shares issued and outstanding (in thousands) |
4,099,062 | 2,933,402 | ||||
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
2
Bank of America Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheet
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31 2005 |
December 31 2004 |
||||||
Assets |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 28,698 | $ | 28,936 | ||||
Time deposits placed and other short-term investments |
11,223 | 12,361 | ||||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell (includes $139,305 and $91,243 pledged as collateral) |
139,396 | 91,360 | ||||||
Trading account assets (includes $53,360 and $38,929 pledged as collateral) |
124,960 | 93,587 | ||||||
Derivative assets |
26,182 | 30,235 | ||||||
Securities: |
||||||||
Available-for-sale (includes $59,352 and $45,127 pledged as collateral) |
218,675 | 194,743 | ||||||
Held-to-maturity, at cost (market value - $274 and $329) |
275 | 330 | ||||||
Total securities |
218,950 | 195,073 | ||||||
Loans and leases |
529,466 | 521,837 | ||||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses |
(8,313 | ) | (8,626 | ) | ||||
Loans and leases, net of allowance |
521,153 | 513,211 | ||||||
Premises and equipment, net |
7,531 | 7,517 | ||||||
Mortgage servicing rights |
2,668 | 2,482 | ||||||
Goodwill |
45,378 | 45,262 | ||||||
Core deposit intangibles and other intangibles |
3,679 | 3,887 | ||||||
Other assets |
82,421 | 86,546 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 1,212,239 | $ | 1,110,457 | ||||
Liabilities |
||||||||
Deposits in domestic offices: |
||||||||
Noninterest-bearing |
$ | 166,499 | $ | 163,833 | ||||
Interest-bearing |
403,534 | 396,645 | ||||||
Deposits in foreign offices: |
||||||||
Noninterest-bearing |
5,319 | 6,066 | ||||||
Interest-bearing |
54,635 | 52,026 | ||||||
Total deposits |
629,987 | 618,570 | ||||||
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
187,652 | 119,741 | ||||||
Trading account liabilities |
53,434 | 36,654 | ||||||
Derivative liabilities |
15,363 | 17,928 | ||||||
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings |
93,440 | 78,598 | ||||||
Accrued expenses and other liabilities (includes $394 and $402 of reserve for unfunded lending commitments) |
35,081 | 41,243 | ||||||
Long-term debt |
98,763 | 98,078 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
1,113,720 | 1,010,812 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) |
||||||||
Shareholders equity |
||||||||
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; authorized - 100,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding - 1,090,189 and 1,090,189 shares |
271 | 271 | ||||||
Common stock and additional paid-in capital, $0.01 par value; authorized - 7,500,000,000 and 5,000,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding - 4,035,318,509 and 4,046,546,212 shares |
43,589 | 44,236 | ||||||
Retained earnings |
60,843 | 58,006 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
(5,559 | ) | (2,587 | ) | ||||
Other |
(625 | ) | (281 | ) | ||||
Total shareholders equity |
98,519 | 99,645 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ | 1,212,239 | $ | 1,110,457 | ||||
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
Bank of America Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders Equity
Preferred Stock |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (1) |
Total Share- holders Equity |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital |
Other |
Comprehensive Income |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retained Earnings |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions, shares in thousands) |
Shares |
Amount |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2003 |
$ | 54 | 2,882,288 | $ | 29 | $ | 50,198 | $ | (2,148 | ) | $ | (153 | ) | $ | 47,980 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income |
2,681 | 2,681 | $ | 2,681 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized gains on available-for-sale debt and marketable equity securities |
661 | 661 | 661 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized gains on foreign currency translation adjustments |
3 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized losses on derivatives |
(1,259 | ) | (1,259 | ) | (1,259 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends paid: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common |
(1,158 | ) | (1,158 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred |
(1 | ) | (1 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock issued under employee plans and related tax benefits |
32,892 | 1,060 | (218 | ) | 842 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock repurchased |
(24,306 | ) | (1,061 | ) | 88 | (973 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Conversion of preferred stock |
(1 | ) | 100 | 1 | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2004 |
$ | 53 | 2,890,974 | $ | 29 | $ | 51,808 | $ | (2,743 | ) | $ | (371 | ) | $ | 48,776 | $ | 2,086 | ||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2004 |
$ | 271 | 4,046,546 | $ | 44,236 | $ | 58,006 | $ | (2,587 | ) | $ | (281 | ) | $ | 99,645 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income |
4,695 | 4,695 | $ | 4,695 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt and marketable equity securities |
(1,541 | ) | (1,541 | ) | (1,541 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized losses on foreign currency translation adjustments |
(5 | ) | (5 | ) | (5 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized losses on derivatives |
(1,426 | ) | (1,426 | ) | (1,426 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends paid: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common |
(1,830 | ) | (1,830 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred |
(5 | ) | (5 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock issued under employee plans and related tax benefits |
31,987 | 1,343 | (344 | ) | 999 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock repurchased |
(43,214 | ) | (1,990 | ) | (1,990 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other |
(23 | ) | (23 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2005 |
$ | 271 | 4,035,319 | $ | 43,589 | $ | 60,843 | $ | (5,559 | ) | $ | (625 | ) | $ | 98,519 | $ | 1,723 | ||||||||||||||
(1) | At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) includes Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-sale (AFS) Debt and Marketable Equity Securities of $(1,738) million and $(196) million; Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments of $(160) million and $(153) million; Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Derivatives of $(3,527) million and $(2,102) million; and Other of $(134) million and $(136) million. |
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
Bank of America Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Operating activities |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 4,695 | $ | 2,681 | ||||
Reconciliation of net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |
||||||||
Provision for credit losses |
580 | 624 | ||||||
Gains on sales of debt securities |
(659 | ) | (495 | ) | ||||
Depreciation and premises improvements amortization |
240 | 209 | ||||||
Amortization of intangibles |
208 | 54 | ||||||
Deferred income tax benefit |
(85 | ) | (66 | ) | ||||
Net increase in trading and hedging instruments |
(13,041 | ) | (8,528 | ) | ||||
Net (increase) decrease in other assets |
4,283 | (5,063 | ) | |||||
Net decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities |
(4,489 | ) | (8,252 | ) | ||||
Other operating activities, net |
(3,707 | ) | 3,275 | |||||
Net cash used in operating activities |
(11,975 | ) | (15,561 | ) | ||||
Investing activities |
||||||||
Net (increase) decrease in time deposits placed and other short-term investments |
1,138 | (510 | ) | |||||
Net (increase) decrease in federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell |
(48,036 | ) | 3,435 | |||||
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities |
38,451 | 11,090 | ||||||
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale securities |
10,181 | 1,848 | ||||||
Purchases of available-for-sale securities |
(74,552 | ) | (84,567 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity securities |
55 | 5 | ||||||
Proceeds from sales of loans and leases |
1,113 | 876 | ||||||
Other changes in loans and leases, net |
(9,560 | ) | (6,133 | ) | ||||
Originations of mortgage servicing rights |
(168 | ) | (249 | ) | ||||
Net purchases of premises and equipment |
(254 | ) | (249 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sales of foreclosed properties |
26 | 49 | ||||||
Cash equivalents acquired net of purchase acquisitions |
(116 | ) | (15 | ) | ||||
Other investing activities, net |
(72 | ) | 800 | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(81,794 | ) | (73,620 | ) | ||||
Financing activities |
||||||||
Net increase in deposits |
11,417 | 21,479 | ||||||
Net increase in federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
67,911 | 37,388 | ||||||
Net increase in commercial paper and other short-term borrowings |
14,842 | 21,634 | ||||||
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt |
4,768 | 7,558 | ||||||
Retirement of long-term debt |
(2,702 | ) | (2,507 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock |
1,180 | 1,000 | ||||||
Common stock repurchased |
(1,990 | ) | (973 | ) | ||||
Cash dividends paid |
(1,835 | ) | (1,159 | ) | ||||
Other financing activities, net |
(37 | ) | (23 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
93,554 | 84,397 | ||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |
(23 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
(238 | ) | (4,788 | ) | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at January 1 |
28,936 | 27,084 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at March 31 |
$ | 28,698 | $ | 22,296 | ||||
Net transfers of Loans and Leases from the loan portfolio to loans held-for-sale (included in Other Assets) amounted to $114 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005. There were no such transfers for the three months ended March 31, 2004.
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
5
Bank of America Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Bank of America Corporation and its subsidiaries (the Corporation) through its banking and nonbanking subsidiaries, provide a diverse range of financial services and products throughout the U.S. and in selected international markets. At March 31, 2005, the Corporation operated its banking activities primarily under three charters: Bank of America, National Association (Bank of America, N.A.), Bank of America, N.A. (USA) and Fleet National Bank.
On April 1, 2004, the Corporation acquired all of the outstanding stock of FleetBoston Financial Corporation (FleetBoston) (the Merger). FleetBostons results of operations were included in the Corporations results beginning on April 1, 2004. The Merger was accounted for as a purchase.
Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Principles
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Corporation and its majority-owned subsidiaries, and those variable interest entities (VIEs) where the Corporation is the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
The information contained in the Consolidated Financial Statements is unaudited. In the opinion of management, normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the interim period results have been made. Results of operations of companies purchased are included from the date of acquisition. Certain prior period amounts were reclassified to conform to current period presentation.
Recently Issued or Proposed Accounting Pronouncements
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is expected to issue an exposure draft, FASB Staff Position (FSP) No. FAS 13-a, Accounting for a Change or Projected Change in the Timing of Cash Flows Relating to Income Taxes Generated by a Leveraged Lease Transaction (FSP 13-a). FSP 13-a is expected to require a recalculation of leveraged lease income recognition when there is a change in the estimated timing of the realization of tax benefits from such lease. If issued, FSP 13-a will be effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2005. Management is currently evaluating the effect of the expected recognition provisions of FSP 13-a. As part of this evaluation, management is considering the potential impact of the Internal Revenue Services (IRS) recent statements concerning leveraged leases and the impact of such statements on the Corporations and its predecessors federal income tax returns. Depending on the final wording of FSP 13-a and the final outcome of the IRSs position, FSP 13-a may have a material impact on our current accounting treatment for leveraged leases. This change in accounting would be reflected as both an adjustment to Goodwill for leveraged leases acquired as part of the Merger and a one-time cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle below net income from operations as of the end of the year of adoption.
On December 16, 2004, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123 (revised 2004) Share-based Payment (SFAS 123R) which eliminates the ability to account for share-based compensation transactions, including grants of employee stock options, using Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and generally requires that such transactions be accounted for using a fair value-based method with the resulting compensation cost recognized over the period that the employee is required to provide service in order to receive their compensation. SFAS 123R also amends SFAS No. 95, Statement of Cash Flows, requiring the benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation costs to be reported as financing cash flows, rather than as operating cash flows as currently required. The Corporation adopted the fair value-based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation prospectively as of January 1, 2003. Under SFAS 123R, the initial effective date for the Corporation was July 1, 2005. However, on April 15, 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued the final rule Amendment to Rule 4-01(a) of Regulation S-X Regarding the Compliance for SFAS 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment which extends the effective date for public companies to the first fiscal year beginning on or after June 15, 2005. As a result, the Corporation is considering adoption of SFAS 123R effective January 1, 2006 under the modified-prospective application. Management is currently evaluating the impact of adoption on the Corporations results of operations and financial condition.
6
Stock-based Compensation
SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation Transition and Disclosure an amendment of FASB Statement No. 123, (SFAS 148) was adopted prospectively by the Corporation on January 1, 2003. SFAS 148 provides alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value-based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In accordance with SFAS 148, the Corporation provides disclosures as if it had adopted the fair value-based method of measuring all outstanding employee stock options during the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. The following table presents the effect on Net Income and Earnings per Common Share had the fair value-based method been applied to all outstanding and unvested awards for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions, except per share data) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Net income (as reported) |
$ | 4,695 | $ | 2,681 | ||||
Stock-based employee compensation expense recognized during the period, net of related tax effects |
51 | 35 | ||||||
Stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value-based method, net of related tax effects (1) |
(51 | ) | (54 | ) | ||||
Pro forma net income |
$ | 4,695 | $ | 2,662 | ||||
As reported |
||||||||
Earnings per common share |
$ | 1.16 | $ | 0.93 | ||||
Diluted earnings per common share |
1.14 | 0.91 | ||||||
Pro forma |
||||||||
Earnings per common share |
1.16 | 0.93 | ||||||
Diluted earnings per common share |
1.14 | 0.91 | ||||||
(1) | Includes all awards granted, modified or settled for which the fair value was required to be measured under SFAS 123, except restricted stock. Restricted stock expense, included in Net Income for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, was $114 million and $64 million pre-tax. |
For additional information on recently issued accounting pronouncements and other significant accounting principles, see Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report.
Note 2 - Merger and Restructuring Activity
FleetBoston
Pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated October 27, 2003, by and between the Corporation and FleetBoston (the Merger Agreement), the Corporation acquired 100 percent of the outstanding stock of FleetBoston on April 1, 2004, in a tax-free merger, in order to expand the Corporations presence in the Northeast. FleetBostons results of operations were included in the Corporations results beginning April 1, 2004.
As provided by the Merger Agreement, approximately 1.069 billion shares of FleetBoston common stock were exchanged for approximately 1.187 billion shares of the Corporations common stock, as adjusted for the stock split. At the date of the Merger, this represented approximately 29 percent of the Corporations outstanding common stock. FleetBoston shareholders also received cash of $4 million in lieu of any fractional shares of the Corporations common stock that would have otherwise been issued on April 1, 2004. Holders of FleetBoston preferred stock received 1.1 million shares of the Corporations preferred stock. The Corporations preferred stock that was exchanged was valued using the book value of FleetBoston preferred stock. The depositary shares underlying the FleetBoston preferred stock, each representing a one-fifth interest in the FleetBoston preferred stock prior to the Merger, represent a one-fifth interest in a share of the Corporations preferred stock. The purchase price was adjusted to reflect the effect of the 15.7 million shares of FleetBoston common stock that the Corporation already owned.
7
The Merger was accounted for under the purchase method of accounting in accordance with SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. Accordingly, the purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the Merger date as summarized below.
(Dollars in millions) |
|||||||
Purchase price |
|||||||
FleetBoston common stock exchanged (in thousands) |
1,068,635 | ||||||
Exchange ratio (as adjusted for the stock split) |
1.1106 | ||||||
Total shares of the Corporations common stock exchanged (in thousands) |
1,186,826 | ||||||
Purchase price per share of the Corporations common stock(1) |
$ | 38.44 | |||||
Total value of the Corporations common stock exchanged |
$ | 45,622 | |||||
FleetBoston preferred stock converted to the Corporations preferred stock |
271 | ||||||
Fair value of outstanding stock options, direct acquisition costs and the effect of FleetBoston shares already owned by the Corporation |
1,360 | ||||||
Total purchase price |
$ | 47,253 | |||||
Allocation of the purchase price |
|||||||
FleetBoston stockholders equity |
$ | 19,329 | |||||
FleetBoston goodwill and other intangible assets |
(4,709 | ) | |||||
Adjustments to reflect assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value: |
|||||||
Securities |
(84 | ) | |||||
Loans and leases |
(776 | ) | |||||
Premises and equipment |
(766 | ) | |||||
Identified intangibles |
3,243 | ||||||
Other assets and deferred income tax |
312 | ||||||
Deposits |
(313 | ) | |||||
Other liabilities |
(313 | ) | |||||
Exit and termination liabilities |
(641 | ) | |||||
Long-term debt |
(1,182 | ) | |||||
Fair value of net assets acquired |
14,100 | ||||||
Goodwill resulting from the Merger |
$ | 33,153 | |||||
(1) | The value of the shares of common stock exchanged with FleetBoston shareholders was based upon the average of the closing prices of the Corporations common stock for the period commencing two trading days before, and ending two trading days after, October 27, 2003, the date of the Merger Agreement, as adjusted for the stock split. |
Merger and Restructuring Charges
Merger and Restructuring Charges are recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income, and include incremental costs to integrate Bank of Americas and FleetBostons operations. These charges represent costs associated with these one-time activities and do not represent on-going costs of the fully integrated combined organization. Systems integrations and related charges, and other, as shown in the following table, are expensed as incurred.
8
In addition, Merger and Restructuring Charges include costs related to an infrastructure initiative to simplify the Corporations business model. As a result of this initiative, the Corporation will reduce its workforce by approximately 2.5 percent or 4,500 positions. Total severance costs related to this initiative were $151 million. During first quarter 2005, the Corporation incurred $1 million in severance costs recorded in Merger and Restructuring Charges related to this initiative. The Corporation does not expect to incur additional severance costs related to this initiative.
(Dollars in millions) |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 | ||
Severance and employee-related charges: |
|||
Merger-related |
$ | 9 | |
Infrastructure initiative |
1 | ||
Systems integrations and related charges |
81 | ||
Other |
21 | ||
Total merger and restructuring charges |
$ | 112 | |
Exit Costs and Restructuring Reserves
As of December 31, 2004, there were $382 million of exit costs reserves remaining, which included $291 million for severance, relocation and other employee-related costs, $87 million for contract terminations, and $4 million for other charges. During the first quarter of 2005, $18 million of reductions to the exit costs reserves were recorded as a result of revised estimates. The reductions included $14 million for contract terminations and $4 million for other charges. Also, $1 million of additional liabilities was recorded related to severance costs in connection with the infrastructure initiative for FleetBoston associates resulting in an increase in Goodwill. Cash payments of $92 million were charged against this liability during the first quarter, including $81 million of severance, relocation and other employee-related costs, and $11 million of contract terminations reducing the balance in the liability to $273 million at March 31, 2005.
Restructuring reserves for the first quarter of 2005 included an additional charge for the legacy Bank of America associate severance and other employee-related charges of $10 million, including $1 million that related to the infrastructure initiative. During the first quarter of 2005, cash payments of $54 million for severance and other employee-related costs have been charged against this liability reducing the balance from $166 million at December 31, 2004 to $122 million as of March 31, 2005.
Payments under these reserves are expected to be substantially complete by the end of 2005.
Exit Costs and Restructuring Reserves | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Exit Costs Reserves(1) |
Restructuring Reserves(2) |
||||||
Balance, December 31, 2004 |
$ | 382 | $ | 166 | ||||
FleetBoston exit costs |
(17 | ) | | |||||
Restructuring charges |
| 9 | ||||||
Infrastructure initiative |
| 1 | ||||||
Cash payments |
(92 | ) | (54 | ) | ||||
Balance, March 31, 2005 |
$ | 273 | $ | 122 | ||||
(1) | Exit costs reserves were established in purchase accounting resulting in an increase in Goodwill. |
(2) | Restructuring reserves were established by a charge to income. |
National Processing, Inc.
On October 15, 2004, the Corporation acquired all outstanding shares of National Processing, Inc. (NPC) for $1.4 billion in cash. NPC is a merchant acquirer of card transactions. As a part of the preliminary purchase price allocation, the Corporation allocated $482 million to other intangible assets and $767 million to Goodwill.
9
Note 3 - Trading Account Assets and Liabilities
The Corporation engages in a variety of trading-related activities that are either for clients or its own account.
The following table presents the fair values of the components of Trading Account Assets and Liabilities at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31 2005 |
December 31 2004 | ||||
Trading account assets |
||||||
Corporate securities, trading loans and other |
$ | 42,590 | $ | 35,227 | ||
U.S. government and agency securities |
35,530 | 20,462 | ||||
Equity securities |
19,658 | 19,504 | ||||
Mortgage trading loans and asset-backed securities |
14,518 | 9,625 | ||||
Foreign sovereign debt |
12,664 | 8,769 | ||||
Total |
$ | 124,960 | $ | 93,587 | ||
Trading account liabilities |
||||||
U.S. government and agency securities |
$ | 25,980 | $ | 14,332 | ||
Equity securities |
10,988 | 8,952 | ||||
Corporate securities and other |
8,828 | 8,538 | ||||
Foreign sovereign debt |
7,597 | 4,793 | ||||
Mortgage trading loans and asset-backed securities |
41 | 39 | ||||
Total |
$ | 53,434 | $ | 36,654 | ||
Note 4 - Derivatives
All derivatives are recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value, taking into consideration the effects of legally enforceable master netting agreements that allow the Corporation to settle positive and negative positions and offset cash collateral held with the same counterparty on a net basis. For exchange-traded contracts, fair value is based on quoted market prices. For non-exchange traded contracts, fair value is based on dealer quotes, pricing models or quoted prices for instruments with similar characteristics. The Corporation designates at inception whether the derivative contract is considered hedging or non-hedging for SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (SFAS 133) accounting purposes. Non-hedging derivatives held for trading purposes, including credit default swaps used in the management of risk in the loan portfolio, are recorded as Derivative Assets or Derivative Liabilities with changes in fair value reflected in Trading Account Profits. Other non-hedging derivatives for accounting purposes that are considered economic hedges are also recorded as Derivative Assets or Derivative Liabilities with changes in fair value generally recorded in the same Income Statement caption as the related economically hedged item. A detailed discussion of derivative trading activities and the ALM process is presented in Note 4 of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report.
10
The following table presents the contract/notional and credit risk amounts at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 of the Corporations derivative positions held for trading and hedging purposes. These derivative positions are primarily executed in the over-the-counter market. Credit risk associated with derivatives is measured as the net replacement cost in the event the counterparties with contracts in a gain position to the Corporation completely fail to perform under the terms of those contracts. The credit risk amounts take into consideration the effects of legally enforceable master netting agreements, and on an aggregate basis have been reduced by the cash collateral applied against Derivative Assets. At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the cash collateral applied against Derivative Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet was $9.3 billion and $9.4 billion. In addition, at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the cash collateral placed against Derivative Liabilities was $5.6 billion and $6.0 billion.
Derivatives (1) |
||||||||||||
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 | |||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Contract/ Notional |
Credit Risk |
Contract/ Notional |
Credit Risk | ||||||||
Interest rate contracts |
||||||||||||
Swaps |
$ | 12,283,400 | $ | 12,140 | $ | 11,597,813 | $ | 12,705 | ||||
Futures and forwards |
2,208,137 | 84 | 1,833,216 | 332 | ||||||||
Written options |
1,108,565 | | 988,253 | | ||||||||
Purchased options |
1,102,481 | 4,015 | 1,243,809 | 4,840 | ||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
||||||||||||
Swaps |
301,681 | 6,128 | 305,999 | 7,859 | ||||||||
Spot, futures and forwards |
1,003,750 | 2,087 | 956,995 | 3,593 | ||||||||
Written options |
169,130 | | 167,225 | | ||||||||
Purchased options |
176,635 | 632 | 163,243 | 679 | ||||||||
Equity contracts |
||||||||||||
Swaps |
32,154 | 807 | 34,130 | 1,039 | ||||||||
Futures and forwards |
4,936 | | 4,078 | | ||||||||
Written options |
38,241 | | 37,080 | | ||||||||
Purchased options |
35,523 | 5,317 | 32,893 | 5,741 | ||||||||
Commodity contracts |
||||||||||||
Swaps |
8,433 | 3,239 | 10,480 | 2,099 | ||||||||
Futures and forwards |
6,736 | | 6,307 | 6 | ||||||||
Written options |
8,990 | | 9,270 | | ||||||||
Purchased options |
5,588 | 558 | 5,535 | 301 | ||||||||
Credit derivatives |
847,958 | 442 | 499,741 | 430 | ||||||||
Credit risk before cash collateral |
35,449 | 39,624 | ||||||||||
Less: Cash collateral applied |
9,267 | 9,389 | ||||||||||
Total derivative assets |
$ | 26,182 | $ | 30,235 | ||||||||
(1) | Includes both long and short derivative positions. |
The average fair value of Derivative Assets for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 was $27.2 billion and $28.0 billion. The average fair value of Derivative Liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 was $16.2 billion and $15.7 billion.
Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedges
The Corporation uses various types of interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate derivative contracts to protect against changes in the fair value of its fixed-rate assets and liabilities due to fluctuations in interest rates and exchange rates. The Corporation also uses these types of contracts to protect against changes in the cash flows of its variable-rate assets and liabilities, and other forecasted transactions.
For cash flow hedges, gains and losses on derivative contracts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) to current period earnings are included in the line item in the Consolidated Statement of Income in which the hedged item is recorded and in the same period the hedged item affects earnings. During the next 12 months, net losses on derivative instruments included in Accumulated OCI of approximately $586 million (pre-tax) are expected to be reclassified into earnings. These net losses reclassified into earnings are expected to decrease income or increase expense on the respective hedged items.
11
The following table summarizes certain information related to the Corporations hedging activities for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004:
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Fair value hedges |
||||||||
Hedge ineffectiveness recognized in earnings (1) |
$ | (22 | ) | $ | 2 | |||
Net gain (loss) excluded from assessment of effectiveness (2) |
6 | (4 | ) | |||||
Cash flow hedges |
||||||||
Hedge ineffectiveness recognized in earnings (3) |
62 | 49 | ||||||
Net gain excluded from assessment of effectiveness |
| | ||||||
Net investment hedges |
||||||||
Gains (losses) included in foreign currency translation adjustments within accumulated other comprehensive income |
47 | (2 | ) |
(1) | Included $(27) million and $2 million recorded in Net Interest Income and $5 million and $0 recorded in Mortgage Banking Income in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. |
(2) | Included $0 and $(4) million recorded in Net Interest Income and $6 million and $0 recorded in Mortgage Banking Income in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, which are related to the excluded time value of certain hedges. |
(3) | Included $59 million and $49 million recorded in Mortgage Banking Income and $3 million and $0 recorded in Net Interest Income from other various cash flow hedges in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. |
12
Note 5 - Outstanding Loans and Leases
Outstanding loans and leases at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 were:
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31 2005 |
December 31 2004 | ||||
Consumer |
||||||
Residential mortgage |
$ | 178,978 | $ | 178,103 | ||
Credit card |
51,012 | 51,726 | ||||
Home equity lines |
52,891 | 50,126 | ||||
Direct/Indirect consumer |
42,694 | 40,513 | ||||
Other consumer (1) |
7,167 | 7,439 | ||||
Total consumer |
332,742 | 327,907 | ||||
Commercial |
||||||
Commercial - domestic |
124,779 | 122,095 | ||||
Commercial real estate (2) |
33,434 | 32,319 | ||||
Commercial lease financing |
20,638 | 21,115 | ||||
Commercial - foreign |
17,873 | 18,401 | ||||
Total commercial |
196,724 | 193,930 | ||||
Total |
$ | 529,466 | $ | 521,837 | ||
(1) | Includes consumer finance of $3,288 million and $3,395 million; foreign consumer of $3,549 million and $3,563 million; and consumer lease financing of $330 million and $481 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. |
(2) | Includes domestic commercial real estate loans of $32,978 million and $31,879 million; and foreign commercial real estate loans of $456 million and $440 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. |
The following table presents the gross recorded investment in specific loans, without consideration to the specific component of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses, that were considered individually impaired in accordance with SFAS No. 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan, (SFAS 114) at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. SFAS 114 impairment includes performing troubled debt restructurings, and excludes all commercial leases.
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31 2005 |
December 31 2004 | ||||
Commercial - domestic |
$ | 812 | $ | 868 | ||
Commercial real estate |
64 | 87 | ||||
Commercial - foreign |
236 | 273 | ||||
Total impaired loans |
$ | 1,112 | $ | 1,228 | ||
At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, nonperforming loans and leases, including impaired loans and nonaccrual consumer loans, totaled $2.1 billion and $2.2 billion. Nonperforming securities, which are primarily related to international securities held in the AFS securities portfolio, amounted to $153 million and $140 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. In addition, included in Other Assets were nonperforming loans held-for-sale and leveraged lease partnership interests of $76 million and $151 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
13
Note 6 - Allowance for Credit Losses
The following table summarizes the changes in the allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004:
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses, January 1 |
$ | 8,626 | $ | 6,163 | ||||
Loans and leases charged off |
(1,158 | ) | (893 | ) | ||||
Recoveries of loans and leases previously charged off |
269 | 173 | ||||||
Net charge-offs |
(889 | ) | (720 | ) | ||||
Provision for loan and lease losses |
588 | 639 | ||||||
Transfers (1) |
(12 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses, March 31 |
8,313 | 6,080 | ||||||
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, January 1 |
402 | 416 | ||||||
Provision for unfunded lending commitments |
(8 | ) | (15 | ) | ||||
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, March 31 |
394 | 401 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 8,707 | $ | 6,481 | ||||
(1) | Includes primarily transfers to loans held-for-sale. |
Note 7 - Special Purpose Financing Entities
The Corporation securitizes assets and may retain a portion or all of the securities, subordinated tranches, interest-only strips and, in some cases, a cash reserve account, all of which are considered retained interests in the securitized assets. Those assets may be serviced by the Corporation or by third parties. The Corporation also uses other special purpose financing entities to access the commercial paper market and for other lending, leasing and real estate activities. See Notes 1 and 8 of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report for additional discussion of securitizations and other special purpose financing entities.
Mortgage-related
The Corporation has retained mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) from the sale or securitization of mortgage loans. The following table presents activity in MSRs for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. For more information on the conversion of the Excess Spread Certificates (Certificates) to MSRs, see Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report.
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Balance, January 1 (1) |
$ | 2,482 | $ | 479 | ||||
Additions |
168 | 83 | ||||||
Amortization |
(150 | ) | (28 | ) | ||||
Valuation adjustment of MSRs (2) |
168 | (109 | ) | |||||
Balance, March 31(1, 3) |
$ | 2,668 | $ | 425 | ||||
(1) | Includes approximately $2.0 billion of MSRs formerly accounted for as Certificates for the three months ended March 31, 2004. Initial conversion of Certificates to MSRs occurred on June 1, 2004. |
(2) | Includes $150 million and $0 related to change in value attributed to SFAS 133 hedged MSRs and $18 million and $(109) million of recoveries (impairment) for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. |
(3) | Net of impairment allowance of $236 million and $0 at March 31, 2005 and 2004. |
14
The estimated fair value of MSRs was $2.7 billion and $2.5 billion at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
The key economic assumptions used in valuations of MSRs include modeled prepayment rates and resultant expected weighted average lives of the MSRs and the option adjusted spread (OAS) levels. An OAS model runs multiple interest rate scenarios and projects prepayments specific to each one of those interest rate scenarios.
For purposes of evaluating and measuring impairment, the Corporation stratifies the portfolio based on the predominant risk characteristics of loan type and note rate. Indicated impairment, by risk stratification, is recognized as a reduction in Mortgage Banking Income, through a valuation allowance, for any excess of adjusted carrying value over estimated fair value. Impairment, net of recoveries of MSRs totaled $18 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005.
Variable Interest Entities
At March 31, 2005, the assets and liabilities of the Corporations multi-seller asset-backed commercial paper conduits that have been consolidated in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 46 (Revised December 2003), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretation of ABR No. 51 were reflected in AFS Securities, Other Assets, and Commercial Paper and Other Short-term Borrowings in the Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking business segment. As of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the Corporation held $7.5 billion and $7.7 billion of assets in these entities while the Corporations maximum loss exposure associated with these entities including unfunded lending commitments was approximately $8.7 billion and $9.4 billion. The Corporation also had contractual relationships with other consolidated VIEs that engage in leasing or lending activities or real estate joint ventures. As of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the amount of assets of these entities was $553 million and $560 million, and the Corporations maximum possible loss exposure was $129 million and $132 million.
Additionally, the Corporation had significant variable interests in other VIEs that it did not consolidate because it was not deemed to be the primary beneficiary. In such cases, the Corporation does not absorb the majority of the entities expected losses nor does it receive a majority of the entities expected residual returns, or both. These entities typically support the financing needs of the Corporations customers by facilitating their access to the commercial paper markets. The Corporation functions as administrator and provides either liquidity and letters of credit, or derivatives to the VIE. The Corporation also provides asset management and related services to other special purpose vehicles that engage in lending, investing, or real estate activities. Total assets of these entities at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 were approximately $29.4 billion and $32.9 billion; revenues associated with administration, liquidity, letters of credit and other services were approximately $75 million and $45 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the Corporations maximum loss exposure associated with these VIEs was approximately $23.8 billion and $25.0 billion, which is net of amounts syndicated.
Management does not believe losses resulting from its involvement with the entities discussed above will be material. See Notes 1 and 8 of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report for additional discussion of special purpose financing entities.
15
Note 8 - Goodwill and Other Intangibles
The following table presents allocated Goodwill at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 for each business segment. The increase from December 31, 2004 was primarily due to the increase in goodwill related to the acquisition of NPC.
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31 2005 |
December 31 2004 | ||||
Global Consumer and Small Business Banking |
$ | 18,595 | $ | 18,453 | ||
Global Business and Financial Services |
16,707 | 16,707 | ||||
Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking |
4,500 | 4,500 | ||||
Global Wealth and Investment Management |
5,338 | 5,338 | ||||
All Other |
238 | 264 | ||||
Total |
$ | 45,378 | $ | 45,262 | ||
The gross carrying value and accumulated amortization related to core deposit intangibles and other intangibles at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 are presented below:
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 | ||||||||||
Gross Carrying Value |
Accumulated Amortization |
Gross Carrying Value |
Accumulated Amortization | |||||||||
Core deposit intangibles |
$ | 3,668 | $ | 1,491 | $ | 3,668 | $ | 1,354 | ||||
Other intangibles |
2,256 | 754 | 2,256 | 683 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 5,924 | $ | 2,245 | $ | 5,924 | $ | 2,037 | ||||
As a result of the Merger, the Corporation recorded $2.2 billion of core deposit intangibles, $660 million of purchased credit card relationship intangibles and $409 million of other customer relationship intangibles. As of March 31, 2005, the weighted average amortization period for the core deposit intangibles as well as the other intangibles was approximately nine years. As a result of the acquisition of NPC, the Corporation preliminarily allocated $482 million to other intangibles with a weighted average amortization period of approximately 10 years as of March 31, 2005.
Amortization expense on core deposit intangibles and other intangibles was $208 million and $54 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. The Corporation estimates that aggregate amortization expense will be approximately $204 million, $201 million and $196 million for the second, third and fourth quarters of 2005, respectively. In addition, the Corporation estimates that aggregate amortization expense will be $740 million, $594 million, $480 million, $379 million and $305 million for 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively.
Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Corporation enters into a number of off-balance sheet commitments. These commitments expose the Corporation to varying degrees of credit and market risk and are subject to the same credit and market risk limitation reviews as those recorded on the Corporations Consolidated Balance Sheet. For additional information on commitments and contingencies, see Note 12 of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report.
Credit Extension Commitments
The Corporation enters into commitments to extend credit such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit and commercial letters of credit to meet the financing needs of its customers. The outstanding unfunded lending commitments shown in the following table have been reduced by amounts participated to other financial institutions of $24.2 billion and $23.4 billion at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. The carrying amount for these commitments, which represents the liability recorded related to these instruments, at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 was $516 million and $520 million. At March 31, 2005, the carrying amount included deferred revenue of $122 million and a reserve for unfunded lending commitments of $394 million. At December 31, 2004, the carrying amount included deferred revenue of $118 million and a reserve for unfunded lending commitments of $402 million.
16
Credit card lines acquired from FleetBoston were moved to a common reporting platform in the first quarter of 2005. The unfunded lending commitments for credit card lines for prior periods have been revised to conform to current period presentation.
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31 2005 |
December 31 2004 | ||||
Loan commitments(1) |
$ | 245,849 | $ | 247,094 | ||
Home equity lines of credit |
64,811 | 60,128 | ||||
Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees |
42,002 | 42,850 | ||||
Commercial letters of credit |
4,577 | 5,653 | ||||
Legally binding commitments |
357,239 | 355,725 | ||||
Credit card lines |
171,405 | 165,694 | ||||
Total |
$ | 528,644 | $ | 521,419 | ||
(1) | Equity commitments of $1.9 billion and $2.1 billion related to obligations to fund existing equity investments were included in loan commitments at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. |
Other Commitments
At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, charge cards (nonrevolving card lines) to individuals and government entities guaranteed by the U.S. government in the amount of $11.2 billion and $10.9 billion were not included in credit card line commitments in the previous table. The outstanding balances related to these charge cards were $224 million and $205 million.
At March 31, 2005, the Corporation had whole mortgage loan purchase commitments of $3.6 billion, all of which will settle in the second quarter of 2005. At December 31, 2004, the Corporation had whole mortgage loan purchase commitments of $3.3 billion, all of which settled in the first quarter of 2005. At March 31, 2005 there were $10.5 billion of forward sale contracts for whole mortgage loans which will settle in the second quarter of 2005. At December 31, 2004, the Corporation had no forward whole mortgage loan sale commitments.
Other Guarantees
The Corporation sells products that offer book value protection primarily to plan sponsors of Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA)-governed pension plans such as 401(k) plans, 457 plans, etc. At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the notional amount of these guarantees totaled $28.4 billion and $26.3 billion with estimated maturity dates between 2005 and 2035. As of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the Corporation has not made a payment under these products, and management believes that the probability of payments under these guarantees is remote.
The Corporation also sells products that guarantee the return of principal to investors at a preset future date. At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the notional amount of these guarantees totaled $7.6 billion and $8.1 billion; however, at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the Corporation had not made a payment under these products, and management believes that the probability of payments under these guarantees is remote. These guarantees have various maturities ranging from 2006 to 2016.
The Corporation has also written puts on highly rated fixed income securities. Its obligation under these agreements is to buy back the assets at predetermined contractual yields in the event of a severe market disruption in the short-term funding market. These agreements have various maturities ranging from two to seven years, and the pre-determined yields are based on the quality of the assets and the structural elements pertaining to the market disruption. The notional amount of these put options was $621 million at March 31, 2005 and $653 million at December 31, 2004. Due to the high quality of the assets and various structural protections, management believes that the probability of incurring a loss under these agreements is remote.
17
The Corporation has entered into additional guarantee agreements, including lease end obligation agreements, partial credit guarantees on certain leases, real estate joint venture guarantees, sold risk participation swaps and sold put options that require gross settlement. The maximum potential future payment under these agreements was approximately $3.3 billion and $2.1 billion at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. The estimated maturity dates of these obligations are between 2005 and 2033. The Corporation has made no material payments under these products.
The Corporation provides credit and debit card processing services to various merchants, processing credit and debit card transactions on their behalf. In connection with these services, a liability may arise in the event of a billing dispute between the merchant and a cardholder that is ultimately resolved in the cardholders favor and the merchant defaults upon its obligation to reimburse the cardholder. A cardholder, through its issuing bank, generally has until the later of up to four months after the date a transaction is processed or the delivery of the product or service to present a chargeback to the Corporation as the merchant processor. If the Corporation is unable to collect this amount from the merchant, it bears the loss for the amount paid to the cardholder. For the three months ended March 31, 2005 and the year ended December 31, 2004, the Corporation processed $75.8 billion and $143.1 billion of transactions and recorded losses as a result of these chargebacks of $4 million and $6 million.
At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the Corporation held as collateral approximately $276 million and $203 million of merchant escrow deposits which the Corporation has the right to set off against amounts due from the individual merchants. The Corporation also has the right to offset any payments with cash flows otherwise due to the merchant. Accordingly, the Corporation believes that the maximum potential exposure is not representative of the actual potential loss exposure. The Corporation believes the maximum potential exposure for chargebacks would not exceed the total amount of merchant transactions processed through Visa and MasterCard for the last four months, which represents the claim period for the cardholder, plus any outstanding delayed-delivery transactions. As of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the maximum potential exposure totaled approximately $92.4 billion and $93.4 billion.
Within the Corporations brokerage business, the Corporation has contracted with third parties to provide clearing services that include underwriting margin loans to the Corporations clients. These contracts stipulate that the Corporation will indemnify the third parties for any margin loan losses that occur in their issuing margin to the Corporations clients. The maximum potential future payment under these indemnifications was $1.2 billion at both March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. Historically, any payments made under these indemnifications have been immaterial. As these margin loans are highly collateralized by the securities held by the brokerage clients, the Corporation has assessed the probability of making such payments in the future as remote. These indemnifications would end with the termination of the clearing contracts.
For additional information on recourse obligations related to residential mortgage loans sold and other guarantees related to securitizations, see Note 8 of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report.
Litigation and Regulatory Matters
The following disclosure supplements the disclosure in the Corporations Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004 and the Current Reports on Form 8-K filed since December 31, 2004.
American Express
On April 14, 2005, the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York heard argument on the defendants motions to dismiss. The Court denied in part the motions, noting that several motions, including the statute of limitations defense, could be refiled after discovery. The Court also rejected American Express request to apply collateral estoppel principles to preclude the defendants from litigating issues American Express had claimed were resolved in the United States v. Visa USA litigation, with leave to repeat its request following discovery.
18
Enron Corporation
On April 11, 2005, the U.S. District Court of the Southern District of Texas held a hearing with respect to final approval to the class settlement entered into between the lead plaintiff and the Corporation. At the conclusion of the hearing, the court took the matter under advisement.
Foreign Currency
On March 9, 2005, the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York issued an order that narrowed the scope of the previously certified class, which had included all cardholders of the seven defendant bankcard issuers, including Bank of America, N.A. (USA) and Bank of America, N.A. The order, among other things, limited the class to Chases and Citibanks cardholders. All defendants remain in the case because the class of Chases and Citibanks cardholders brought claims against all defendants.
Miller
On March 4, 2005, the Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco entered judgment on the jury verdict and the claims tried to the court. The judgment awards the plaintiff class restitution in the amount of $284 million, plus attorneys fees. The judgment also provides that any class members whose accounts were assessed an insufficient funds fee in violation of law suffered substantial emotional or economic harm and are entitled to an additional $1,000 penalty, and includes injunctive relief, which is temporarily stayed.
Bank of America, N.A. has filed in the trial court post-judgment motions and a motion for a stay of the injunction, which motions are pending.
Mutual Fund Operations
On February 25, 2005, the Corporation and the other defendants filed motions to dismiss the claims in the pending cases.
WorldCom, Inc.
On March 16, 2005, the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York granted preliminary approval to the class settlement entered into on March 9, 2005 between the lead plaintiff and defendants Banc of America Securities LLC and Fleet Securities, Inc.
19
Note 10 - Shareholders Equity and Earnings Per Common Share
The following table presents the monthly share repurchase activity for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, including total common shares repurchased under announced programs, weighted average per share price and the remaining buyback authority under announced programs.
Number of Common Shares Repurchased under Announced Programs (1) |
Weighted Average Per Share Price (1) |
Remaining Buyback Authority under Announced Programs (2) | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions, except per share information; shares in thousands) |
||||||||||
Dollars |
Shares | |||||||||
January 1-31, 2005 |
9,637 | $ | 46.20 | $ | 4,233 | 70,988 | ||||
February 1-28, 2005 |
9,375 | 46.18 | 3,800 | 61,613 | ||||||
March 1-31, 2005 |
24,202 | 45.94 | 14,688 | 237,411 | ||||||
Three months ended March 31, 2005 |
43,214 | 46.05 | ||||||||
Number of Common Shares Repurchased under Announced Programs (3) |
Weighted Average Per Share Price (3) |
|||||||||
Remaining Buyback Authority under Announced Programs (4) | ||||||||||
(Dollars in millions, except per share information; shares in thousands) |
||||||||||
Dollars |
Shares | |||||||||
January 1-31, 2004 |
12,546 | $ | 39.94 | $ | 12,850 | 215,938 | ||||
February 1-29, 2004 |
4,760 | 40.77 | 12,656 | 211,178 | ||||||
March 1-31, 2004 |
7,000 | 39.68 | 12,378 | 204,178 | ||||||
Three months ended March 31, 2004 |
24,306 | 40.03 | ||||||||
(1) | Reduced Shareholders Equity by $2.0 billion and had no effect on diluted earnings per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2005. These repurchases were partially offset by the issuance of approximately 32 million shares of common stock under employee plans, which increased Shareholders Equity by $1.0 billion, net of $0.3 billion of deferred compensation related to restricted stock awards, and had no effect on diluted earnings per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2005. |
(2) | On January 28, 2004, the Board authorized a stock repurchase program of up to 180 million shares of the Corporations common stock at an aggregate cost not to exceed $9.0 billion and to be completed within a period of 18 months. On March 22, 2005, the Board authorized a stock repurchase program of up to 200 million shares of the Corporations common stock at an aggregate cost not to exceed $12.0 billion and to be completed within a period of 18 months. |
(3) | Reduced Shareholders Equity by $1.0 billion and increased diluted earnings per common share by $0.01 for the three months ended March 31, 2004. These repurchases were partially offset by the issuance of approximately 33 million shares of common stock under employee plans, which increased Shareholders Equity by $0.8 billion, net of $0.2 billion of deferred compensation related to restricted stock awards, and decreased diluted earnings per common share by $0.01 for the three months ended March 31, 2004. |
(4) | On January 22, 2003, the Board authorized a stock repurchase program of up to 260 million shares of the Corporations common stock at an aggregate cost of $12.5 billion. This repurchase plan was completed during the second quarter of 2004. On January 28, 2004, the Board authorized a stock repurchase program of up to 180 million shares of the Corporations common stock at an aggregate cost not to exceed $9.0 billion and to be completed within a period of 18 months. |
We will continue to repurchase shares, from time to time, in the open market or in private transactions through our approved repurchase plans.
The following table presents the changes in Accumulated OCI for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Pre-tax Amount |
Income Tax Expense (Benefit) |
After-tax Amount |
Pre-tax Amount |
Income Tax Expense (Benefit) |
After-tax Amount |
||||||||||||||||||
Balance, January 1 |
$ | (4,064 | ) | $ | (1,477 | ) | $ | (2,587 | ) | $ | (3,242 | ) | $ | (1,094 | ) | $ | (2,148 | ) | ||||||
Net unrealized losses (1) |
(3,803 | ) | (1,419 | ) | (2,384 | ) | (317 | ) | (107 | ) | (210 | ) | ||||||||||||
Less: Net realized gains and amortization recorded to net income |
933 | 345 | 588 | 584 | 199 | 385 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31 |
$ | (8,800 | ) | $ | (3,241 | ) | $ | (5,559 | ) | $ | (4,143 | ) | $ | (1,400 | ) | $ | (2,743 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Net unrealized losses include the valuation changes of AFS debt and marketable equity securities, foreign currency translation adjustments, derivatives, and other. |
20
The calculation of earnings per common share and diluted earnings per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 is presented below.
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions, except per share information; shares in thousands) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Earnings per common share |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 4,695 | $ | 2,681 | ||||
Preferred stock dividends |
(5 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
Net income available to common shareholders |
$ | 4,690 | $ | 2,680 | ||||
Average common shares issued and outstanding |
4,032,550 | 2,880,306 | ||||||
Earnings per common share |
$ | 1.16 | $ | 0.93 | ||||
Diluted earnings per common share |
||||||||
Net income available to common shareholders |
$ | 4,690 | $ | 2,680 | ||||
Convertible preferred stock dividends |
| 1 | ||||||
Net income available to common shareholders and assumed conversions |
$ | 4,690 | $ | 2,681 | ||||
Average common shares issued and outstanding |
4,032,550 | 2,880,306 | ||||||
Dilutive potential common shares (1, 2) |
66,512 | 53,096 | ||||||
Total diluted average common shares issued and outstanding |
4,099,062 | 2,933,402 | ||||||
Diluted earnings per common share |
$ | 1.14 | $ | 0.91 | ||||
(1) | For the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, average options to purchase 27 million and 40 million shares were outstanding but not included in the computation of earnings per common share because they were antidilutive. |
(2) | Includes incremental shares from assumed conversions of convertible preferred stock, restricted stock units, restricted stock shares and stock options. |
Note 11 - Pension and Postretirement Plans
The Corporation sponsors noncontributory trusteed qualified pension plans that cover substantially all officers and employees, a number of noncontributory nonqualified pension plans, and postretirement health and life plans. A detailed discussion of these plans is provided in Note 15 of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report.
As a result of the Merger, the Corporation assumed the obligations related to the plans of former FleetBoston. These plans are substantially similar to the legacy Bank of America plans discussed in Note 15 of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report, however, the FleetBoston Financial Pension Plan does not allow participants to select various earnings measures, rather the earnings rate is based on a benchmark rate. The table within this Note includes the information related to these plans beginning on April 1, 2004.
21
Net periodic benefit cost of the Corporations plans for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 included the following components:
Three Months Ended March 31 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Qualified Pension Plans |
Nonqualified Pension Plans |
Postretirement Health and Life Plans |
|||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
2005 |
2004 |
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||||||||||||
Components of net periodic benefit cost |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Service cost |
$ | 77 | $ | 54 | $ | 3 | $ | 7 | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | |||||||||||
Interest cost |
165 | 130 | 16 | 11 | 19 | 17 | |||||||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(248 | ) | (190 | ) | | | (4 | ) | (3 | ) | |||||||||||||
Amortization of transition obligation (asset) |
12 | | (2 | ) | | | 8 | ||||||||||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost |
| 14 | | 1 | 8 | | |||||||||||||||||
Recognized net actuarial loss |
38 | 20 | 5 | 5 | 17 | 22 | |||||||||||||||||
Recognized loss due to settlements and curtailments |
| | 9 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Net periodic benefit cost |
$ | 44 | $ | 28 | $ | 31 | $ | 24 | $ | 43 | $ | 47 | |||||||||||
The Corporation previously disclosed that its best estimate of its contributions to be made to the Qualified Pension Plans, Nonqualified Pension Plans, and the Postretirement Health and Life Plans in 2005 is $0, $114 million and $37 million, respectively. At March 31, 2005, this estimate has not changed. For the three months ended March 31, 2005, the Corporation had contributed $0, $66 million and $9 million, respectively, to these plans.
Note 12 - Business Segment Information
The Corporation reports the results of its operations through four business segments: Global Consumer and Small Business Banking, Global Business and Financial Services, Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking, and Global Wealth and Investment Management. Certain operating segments have been aggregated into a single business segment. The Corporation may periodically reclassify business segment results based on modifications to its management reporting and profitability measurement methodologies, and changes in organizational alignment.
Global Consumer and Small Business Banking provides a diversified range of products and services to individuals and small businesses through multiple delivery channels. Global Business and Financial Services primarily provides commercial lending and treasury management services to middle-market companies. During the first quarter of 2005, Latin America was realigned and is now included in the results of Global Business and Financial Services, rather than All Other. Latin America includes the Corporations full-service Latin American operations in Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Uruguay. Also during the first quarter of 2005, Business Banking was realigned and included in the results of Global Business and Financial Services, rather than Global Consumer and Small Business Banking. Business Banking serves our client-managed small business customers. Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking provides capital-raising solutions, advisory services, derivatives capabilities, equity and debt sales and trading for the Corporations clients as well as traditional bank deposit and loan products, treasury management and payment services to large corporations and institutional clients. Global Wealth and Investment Management offers investment, fiduciary and comprehensive banking and credit expertise, asset management services to institutional clients, high-net-worth individuals and retail customers, investment, and securities and financial planning services to affluent and high-net-worth individuals.
All Other consists primarily of Equity Investments, Noninterest Income and Expense amounts associated with the ALM process (including Gains on Sales of Debt Securities), the allowance for credit losses process residual, the residual impact of allocation methodologies, Merger and Restructuring Charges, intersegment eliminations, and the results of certain consumer finance and commercial lending businesses that are being liquidated.
Total Revenue includes Net Interest Income on a fully taxable-equivalent basis and Noninterest Income. The adjustment of Net Interest Income to a fully taxable-equivalent basis results in a corresponding increase in Income Tax Expense. The Net Interest Income of the business segments includes the results of a funds transfer pricing process that matches assets and liabilities with similar interest rate sensitivity and maturity characteristics. Net Interest Income of the business segments also includes an allocation of Net Interest Income generated by assets and liabilities used in the Corporations ALM process.
22
Certain expenses not directly attributable to a specific business segment are allocated to the segments based on pre-determined means. The most significant of these expenses include data processing costs, item processing costs and certain centralized or shared functions. Data processing costs are allocated to the segments based on equipment usage. Item processing costs are allocated to the segments based on the volume of items processed for each segment. The cost of certain centralized or shared functions are allocated based on methodologies which reflect utilization.
23
The following table presents Total Revenue on a fully taxable-equivalent (FTE) basis and Net Income for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 for each business segment, as well as All Other.
Business Segments
For the three months ended March 31
Total Corporation |
Global Consumer and Small Business Banking (1) |
|||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||||||||
Net interest income (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
$ | 8,072 | $ | 5,970 | $ | 4,251 | $ | 3,094 | ||||||||
Noninterest income |
6,149 | 3,730 | 2,710 | 1,630 | ||||||||||||
Total revenue |
14,221 | 9,700 | 6,961 | 4,724 | ||||||||||||
Provision for credit losses |
580 | 624 | 714 | 429 | ||||||||||||
Gains (losses) on sales of debt securities |
659 | 495 | (1 | ) | 1 | |||||||||||
Amortization of intangibles |
208 | 54 | 142 | 35 | ||||||||||||
Other noninterest expense |
6,849 | 5,376 | 3,167 | 2,566 | ||||||||||||
Income before income taxes |
7,243 | 4,141 | 2,937 | 1,695 | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense |
2,548 | 1,460 | 1,038 | 625 | ||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 4,695 | $ | 2,681 | $ | 1,899 | $ | 1,070 | ||||||||
Average total assets |
$ | 1,200,883 | $ | 833,192 | $ | 332,773 | $ | 234,539 | ||||||||
Global Business and Financial Services (1) |
Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking (1) |
|||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||||||||
Net interest income (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
$ | 1,915 | $ | 1,138 | $ | 939 | $ | 1,030 | ||||||||
Noninterest income |
819 | 431 | 1,693 | 1,143 | ||||||||||||
Total revenue |
2,734 | 1,569 | 2,632 | 2,173 | ||||||||||||
Provision for credit losses |
(57 | ) | 91 | (97 | ) | (99 | ) | |||||||||
Gains (losses) on sales of debt securities |
1 | | 30 | (7 | ) | |||||||||||
Amortization of intangibles |
34 | 7 | 12 | 6 | ||||||||||||
Other noninterest expense |
963 | 561 | 1,635 | 1,556 | ||||||||||||
Income before income taxes |
1,795 | 910 | 1,112 | 703 | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense |
675 | 328 | 391 | 250 | ||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 1,120 | $ | 582 | $ | 721 | $ | 453 | ||||||||
Average total assets |
$ | 211,601 | $ | 121,598 | $ | 372,826 | $ | 301,375 | ||||||||
Global Wealth and Investment Management (1) |
All Other |
|||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||||||||
Net interest income (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
$ | 941 | $ | 600 | $ | 26 | $ | 108 | ||||||||
Noninterest income |
853 | 501 | 74 | 25 | ||||||||||||
Total revenue |
1,794 | 1,101 | 100 | 133 | ||||||||||||
Provision for credit losses |
2 | (9 | ) | 18 | 212 | |||||||||||
Gains on sales of debt securities |
| | 629 | 501 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of intangibles |
19 | 5 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||
Other noninterest expense |
883 | 716 | 201 | (23 | ) | |||||||||||
Income before income taxes |
890 | 389 | 509 | 444 | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense |
314 | 143 | 130 | 114 | ||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 576 | $ | 246 | $ | 379 | $ | 330 | ||||||||
Average total assets |
$ | 123,867 | $ | 69,889 | $ | 159,816 | $ | 105,791 | ||||||||
(1) | There were no material intersegment revenues among the segments. |
24
The following table presents reconciliations of the four business segments Total Revenue on a FTE basis and Net Income to consolidated totals. The adjustments presented in the table below include consolidated income and expense amounts not specifically allocated to individual business segments.
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Segments revenue |
$ | 14,121 | $ | 9,567 | ||||
Adjustments: |
||||||||
Revenue associated with unassigned capital |
83 | 121 | ||||||
ALM activities |
11 | 3 | ||||||
Equity investments |
184 | (20 | ) | |||||
Liquidating businesses |
57 | 84 | ||||||
Fully taxable-equivalent basis adjustment |
(199 | ) | (169 | ) | ||||
Other |
(235 | ) | (55 | ) | ||||
Consolidated revenue |
$ | 14,022 | $ | 9,531 | ||||
Segments net income |
$ | 4,316 | $ | 2,351 | ||||
Adjustments, net of taxes: |
||||||||
Earnings associated with unassigned capital |
55 | 82 | ||||||
ALM activities (1) |
383 | 289 | ||||||
Equity investments |
98 | (29 | ) | |||||
Liquidating businesses |
19 | (31 | ) | |||||
Merger and restructuring charges |
(75 | ) | | |||||
Other |
(101 | ) | 19 | |||||
Consolidated net income |
$ | 4,695 | $ | 2,681 | ||||
(1) | Includes pre-tax Gains on Sales of Debt Securities of $627 million and $498 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. |
25
Item 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION
This report on Form 10-Q contains certain statements that are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Actual outcomes and results may differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, our forward-looking statements. Words such as expects, anticipates, believes, estimates and other similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as will, should, would and could are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Readers of the Form 10-Q of Bank of America Corporation and its subsidiaries (the Corporation) should not rely solely on the forward-looking statements and should consider all uncertainties and risks throughout this report as well as those discussed in the Corporations 2004 Annual Report. The statements are representative only as of the date they are made, and the Corporation undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement.
Possible events or factors that could cause results or performance to differ materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements include the following: changes in general economic conditions and economic conditions in the geographic regions and industries in which the Corporation operates which may affect, among other things, the level of nonperforming assets, charge-offs and provision expense; changes in the interest rate environment which may reduce interest margins and impact funding sources; changes in foreign exchange rates; adverse movements and volatility in debt and equity capital markets; changes in market rates and prices which may adversely impact the value of financial products including securities, loans, deposits, debt and derivative financial instruments, and other similar financial instruments; political conditions and related actions by the United States abroad which may adversely affect the Corporations businesses and economic conditions as a whole; liabilities resulting from litigation and regulatory investigations, including costs, expenses, settlements and judgments; changes in domestic or foreign tax laws, rules and regulations as well as Internal Revenue Service (IRS) or other governmental agencies interpretations thereof; various monetary and fiscal policies and regulations, including those determined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FRB), the Office of the Comptroller of Currency, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and state regulators; competition with other local, regional and international banks, thrifts, credit unions and other nonbank financial institutions; ability to grow core businesses; ability to develop and introduce new banking-related products, services and enhancements, and gain market acceptance of such products; mergers and acquisitions and their integration into the Corporation; decisions to downsize, sell or close units or otherwise change the business mix of the Corporation; and managements ability to manage these and other risks.
26
The Corporation, headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina, operates in 29 states, the District of Columbia and 43 foreign countries. The Corporation provides a diversified range of banking and nonbanking financial services and products both domestically and internationally through four business segments: Global Consumer and Small Business Banking, Global Business and Financial Services, Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking, and Global Wealth and Investment Management.
At March 31, 2005, the Corporation had $1.2 trillion in assets and approximately 175,000 full-time equivalent employees. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements referred to in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition are incorporated by reference into Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.
On April 1, 2004, we completed our merger with FleetBoston Financial Corporation (FleetBoston) (the Merger) after obtaining final shareholder and regulatory approvals. The Merger was accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. Accordingly, results for the three months ended March 31, 2004 exclude FleetBoston.
On October 15, 2004, we acquired 100 percent of National Processing, Inc. (NPC), for $1.4 billion in cash, creating the second largest merchant processor in the United States.
Performance Overview
Net Income totaled $4.7 billion, or $1.14 per diluted common share, for the three months ended March 31, 2005, 75 percent and 25 percent increases from $2.7 billion, or $0.91 per diluted common share, for the three months ended March 31, 2004.
Business Segment Total Revenue and Net Income
Total Revenue |
Net Income | |||||||||||||
Three Months Ended March 31 | ||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
2005 |
2004 | ||||||||||
Global Consumer and Small Business Banking |
$ | 6,961 | $ | 4,724 | $ | 1,899 | $ | 1,070 | ||||||
Global Business and Financial Services |
2,734 | 1,569 | 1,120 | 582 | ||||||||||
Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking |
2,632 | 2,173 | 721 | 453 | ||||||||||
Global Wealth and Investment Management |
1,794 | 1,101 | 576 | 246 | ||||||||||
All Other |
100 | 133 | 379 | 330 | ||||||||||
Total FTE basis (1) |
14,221 | 9,700 | 4,695 | 2,681 | ||||||||||
FTE adjustment (1) |
(199 | ) | (169 | ) | | | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 14,022 | $ | 9,531 | $ | 4,695 | $ | 2,681 | ||||||
(1) | Total revenue for the segments and All Other is on a fully taxable-equivalent (FTE) basis. For more information on a FTE basis, see Supplemental Financial Data beginning on page 32. |
Global Consumer and Small Business Banking
Net Income increased $829 million, or 77 percent, to $1.9 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. Driving this increase was the $1.2 billion increase in Net Interest Income, a $477 million increase in Card Income and a $233 million increase in Service Charges. Partially offsetting this was a $708 million increase in Noninterest Expense and a $285 million increase in Provision for Credit Losses. The increase in Provision for Credit Losses to $714 million from $429 million was primarily driven by higher credit card net charge-offs of $297 million, of which $139 million was attributed to the addition of the FleetBoston credit card portfolio. For more information on Global Consumer and Small Business Banking, see page 37.
27
Global Business and Financial Services
Net Income increased $538 million, or 92 percent, to $1.1 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. Average Loans and Leases increased $62.3 billion, or 57 percent, and average Deposits increased $43.4 billion, or 70 percent. The increase in Loans and Leases was primarily due to the addition of FleetBoston and organic loan growth in Business Banking, Middle Market Banking and Commercial Real Estate. Deposit balance growth resulted from the addition of FleetBoston. Also driving the improved results was a $148 million decrease in Provision for Credit Losses, resulting primarily from actions taken (including loan sales) to reduce certain portfolio exposures. For more information on Global Business and Financial Services, see page 44.
Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking
Net Income increased $268 million, or 59 percent, to $721 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. The increase in Net Income was driven by higher Trading Account Profits of $437 million and increased Equity Investment Gains of $108 million. These increases were offset by a decrease in Investment Banking Income of $31 million primarily due to a decline in securities underwriting. Also impacting Net Income was a decline in Net Interest Income of $91 million as a result of a flattening yield curve, and higher Noninterest expense of $85 million. For more information on Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking, see page 46.
Global Wealth and Investment Management
Net Income increased $330 million, or 134 percent, to $576 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. Contributing to the increase in Net Income was an increase of $341 million in Net Interest Income and higher Investment and Brokerage Services income of $328 million. Partially offsetting these increases were higher Personnel costs of $167 million related to the addition of client managers and increased incentives. Total assets under management decreased $18.1 billion, or 4 percent, to $433.4 billion at March 31, 2005 compared to December 31, 2004, driven by a $9.8 billion decrease due to market valuations, $4.0 billion in net outflows consisting primarily of outflows in short-term money market funds and fixed income offset by inflows in equity products, and a $4.3 billion adjustment to reclassify assets to assets in custody. For more information on Global Wealth and Investment Management, see page 49.
All Other
Net Income increased $49 million, or 15 percent, to $379 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. This increase was driven by a decrease in Provision for Credit Losses of $194 million and a $128 million increase in Gains on Sales of Debt Securities. Partially offsetting these increases was a $224 million increase in Noninterest Expense, driven by $112 million of Merger and Restructuring Charges. For more information on All Other, see page 51.
Financial Highlights
Net Interest Income
Net Interest Income on a FTE basis increased $2.1 billion to $8.1 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. This increase was driven by the impact of the Merger, growth in consumer loan levels (primarily credit card and home equity), higher core deposit funding levels, higher asset and liability management (ALM) portfolio levels (primarily consisting of securities) net of the impact of spread compression, and growth in middle-market business loan levels. Partially offsetting these increases were lower trading-related contributions and reductions in foreign loan balances. The net interest yield on a FTE basis declined 15 basis points (bps) to 3.11 percent primarily due to the negative impact of increased trading-related balances (which have a lower yield than other earning assets), ALM portfolio repositioning, including the impact of spread compression, partially offset by the addition of FleetBoston and growth in core deposit and consumer loan levels. For more information on Net Interest Income on a FTE basis, see Table 4 on page 35.
28
Noninterest Income
Noninterest Income
Three Months Ended March 31 | ||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 | ||||
Service charges |
$ | 1,777 | $ | 1,416 | ||
Investment and brokerage services |
1,013 | 635 | ||||
Mortgage banking income |
221 | 209 | ||||
Investment banking income |
366 | 404 | ||||
Equity investment gains |
399 | 133 | ||||
Card income |
1,289 | 795 | ||||
Trading account profits |
760 | 3 | ||||
Other income |
324 | 135 | ||||
Total noninterest income |
$ | 6,149 | $ | 3,730 | ||
Noninterest Income increased $2.4 billion to $6.1 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004, due primarily to the addition of FleetBoston and organic growth.
| Service Charges grew $361 million driven by approximately $316 million from the addition of FleetBoston customers and organic account growth. |
| Investment and Brokerage Services increased $378 million due to approximately $349 million related to the addition of FleetBoston and asset allocation changes with weighting increases in equities and fixed income and a weighting decrease in money market products. |
| Mortgage Banking Income increased $12 million as a result of increased servicing income and a $5 million impact from the Merger. |
| Investment Banking Income declined $38 million and included a $63 million decline in securities underwriting partially offset by a $30 million increase in syndications. |
| Equity Investment Gains increased $266 million due to a $228 million increase in Principal Investing, which was the result of increased liquidity in the private equity markets. |
| Card Income increased $494 million due to increased fees and interchange income, including the $242 million impact from the addition of the FleetBoston card portfolio. |
| Trading Account Profits increased $757 million due to increased customer activity, more active portfolio management in our market-making books and wider spreads on credit default swaps. The first quarter of 2004 included mortgage-related trading losses and losses on our equity business from a retained stock position. |
| Other Income increased $189 million as a result of the Merger and early leasing terminations. |
For more information on Noninterest Income, see Business Segment Operations beginning on page 37.
Gains on Sales of Debt Securities
Gains on Sales of Debt Securities for the three months ended March 31, 2005 were $659 million compared to $495 million for the same period in 2004, as we continued to reposition the ALM portfolio in response to interest rate fluctuations and to manage mortgage prepayment risk. For more information on Gains on Sales of Debt Securities, see Market Risk Management beginning on page 74.
Provision for Credit Losses
The Provision for Credit Losses decreased $44 million to $580 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. This decline was driven by lower commercial net charge-offs of $135 million and continued improvements in credit quality in the commercial loan portfolio. Partially offsetting this decrease was an increase in the Provision for Credit Losses in our consumer credit card portfolio primarily driven by higher credit card net charge-offs of $297 million, of which $139 million was attributed to the addition of the
29
FleetBoston credit card portfolio. Organic credit card portfolio growth, continued seasoning of credit card accounts, the return of previously securitized loans to the balance sheet in 2004, as well as increases effective in 2004 in credit card minimum payment requirements drove higher net charge-offs. The increased net charge-offs associated with the increase in required credit card minimum payments did not impact the Provision for Credit Losses in the first quarter of 2005 as those net charge-offs were provided for in late 2004. For more information on credit quality, see Credit Risk Management beginning on page 58.
Noninterest Expense
Noninterest Expense
Three Months Ended March 31 | ||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 | ||||
Personnel |
$ | 3,701 | $ | 2,752 | ||
Occupancy |
636 | 488 | ||||
Equipment |
297 | 261 | ||||
Marketing |
337 | 281 | ||||
Professional fees |
177 | 160 | ||||
Amortization of intangibles |
208 | 54 | ||||
Data processing |
364 | 284 | ||||
Telecommunications |
206 | 151 | ||||
Other general operating |
1,019 | 999 | ||||
Merger and restructuring charges |
112 | | ||||
Total noninterest expense |
$ | 7,057 | $ | 5,430 | ||
Noninterest Expense increased $1.6 billion to $7.1 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004, primarily due to the addition of FleetBoston.
| Personnel Expense increased $949 million primarily due to the $698 million impact of FleetBoston associates. |
| Occupancy Expense increased $148 million due to the $142 million impact of the Merger. |
| Amortization of Intangibles increased $154 million driven by the amortization of intangible assets acquired in the Merger. |
| Merger and Restructuring Charges were $112 million in connection with the integration of FleetBostons operations. For more information on Merger and Restructuring Charges, see Note 2 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. |
For more information on Noninterest Expense, see Business Segment Operations beginning on page 37.
Income Tax Expense
Income Tax Expense was $2.3 billion, reflecting an effective tax rate of 33.4 percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to $1.3 billion and 32.5 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2004. The difference in the effective tax rate between years resulted primarily from the application of purchase accounting to certain leveraged leases acquired in the Merger, an increase in state tax expense generally related to higher tax rates in the Northeast, as well as a higher level of pre-tax income.
Assets
Average Loans and Leases increased $9.5 billion, or two percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2004. Average Securities increased $33.4 billion, or 20 percent, as a result of repositioning our ALM portfolio and investing excess cash from deposit growth. Additionally, for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2004, average trading-related assets increased $11.5 billion, or five percent, as we expanded our trading book to accommodate the needs of our clients. For more information, see Table 4 on page 35.
30
Liabilities and Shareholders Equity
Average core deposits increased $9.3 billion, or two percent for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2004. The increase was attributable to organic growth which resulted from our continued improvements in customer satisfaction, new product offerings and our account growth efforts. At March 31, 2005, our Tier 1 Capital ratio was 8.20 percent, compared to 8.10 percent at December 31, 2004. For more information, see Table 4 on page 35 and Capital Management beginning on page 56.
Table 1
Selected Quarterly Financial Data
2005 Quarter |
2004 Quarters |
|||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions, except per share information) |
First |
Fourth |
Third |
Second |
First |
|||||||||||||||
Income statement |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 7,873 | $ | 7,747 | $ | 7,665 | $ | 7,581 | $ | 5,801 | ||||||||||
Noninterest income |
6,149 | 5,966 | 4,922 | 5,467 | 3,730 | |||||||||||||||
Total revenue |
14,022 | 13,713 | 12,587 | 13,048 | 9,531 | |||||||||||||||
Provision for credit losses |
580 | 706 | 650 | 789 | 624 | |||||||||||||||
Gains on sales of debt securities |
659 | 101 | 732 | 795 | 495 | |||||||||||||||
Noninterest expense |
7,057 | 7,333 | 7,021 | 7,228 | 5,430 | |||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes |
7,044 | 5,775 | 5,648 | 5,826 | 3,972 | |||||||||||||||
Income tax expense |
2,349 | 1,926 | 1,884 | 1,977 | 1,291 | |||||||||||||||
Net income |
4,695 | 3,849 | 3,764 | 3,849 | 2,681 | |||||||||||||||
Average common shares issued and outstanding (in thousands) |
4,032,550 | 4,032,979 | 4,052,304 | 4,062,384 | 2,880,306 | |||||||||||||||
Average diluted common shares issued and outstanding (in thousands) |
4,099,062 | 4,106,040 | 4,121,375 | 4,131,290 | 2,933,402 | |||||||||||||||
Performance ratios |
||||||||||||||||||||
Return on average assets |
1.59 | % | 1.33 | % | 1.37 | % | 1.41 | % | 1.29 | % | ||||||||||
Return on average common shareholders equity |
19.30 | 15.63 | 15.56 | 16.63 | 22.16 | |||||||||||||||
Total equity to total assets (period end) |
8.13 | 8.97 | 9.14 | 9.35 | 6.10 | |||||||||||||||
Total average equity to total average assets |
8.23 | 8.51 | 8.79 | 8.52 | 5.84 | |||||||||||||||
Dividend payout |
39.02 | 47.45 | 48.75 | 42.60 | 43.21 | |||||||||||||||
Per common share data |
||||||||||||||||||||
Earnings |
$ | 1.16 | $ | 0.95 | $ | 0.93 | $ | 0.95 | $ | 0.93 | ||||||||||
Diluted earnings |
1.14 | 0.94 | 0.91 | 0.93 | 0.91 | |||||||||||||||
Dividends paid |
0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.40 | 0.40 | |||||||||||||||
Book value |
24.35 | 24.56 | 24.14 | 23.51 | 16.85 | |||||||||||||||
Average balance sheet |
||||||||||||||||||||
Total loans and leases |
$ | 524,944 | $ | 515,463 | $ | 503,078 | $ | 497,158 | $ | 374,077 | ||||||||||
Total assets |
1,200,883 | 1,152,551 | 1,096,683 | 1,094,459 | 833,192 | |||||||||||||||
Total deposits |
627,419 | 609,936 | 587,878 | 582,305 | 425,075 | |||||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
97,126 | 99,588 | 98,361 | 96,395 | 78,852 | |||||||||||||||
Common shareholders equity |
98,542 | 97,828 | 96,120 | 92,943 | 48,632 | |||||||||||||||
Total shareholders equity |
98,814 | 98,100 | 96,392 | 93,266 | 48,686 | |||||||||||||||
Capital ratios |
||||||||||||||||||||
Risk-based capital: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Tier 1 |
8.20 | % | 8.10 | % | 8.08 | % | 8.20 | % | 7.73 | % | ||||||||||
Total |
11.46 | 11.63 | 11.71 | 11.97 | 11.46 | |||||||||||||||
Leverage |
5.82 | 5.82 | 5.92 | 5.83 | 5.43 | |||||||||||||||
Market price per share of common stock |
||||||||||||||||||||
Closing |
$ | 44.10 | $ | 46.99 | $ | 43.33 | $ | 42.31 | $ | 40.49 | ||||||||||
High closing |
47.08 | 47.44 | 44.98 | 42.72 | 41.38 | |||||||||||||||
Low closing |
43.66 | 43.62 | 41.81 | 38.96 | 39.15 |
31
Supplemental Financial Data
Table 2 provides a reconciliation of the supplemental financial data mentioned below with GAAP financial measures. Other companies may define or calculate supplemental financial data differently.
Operating Basis Presentation
In managing our business, we may at times look at performance excluding certain non-recurring items. For example, as an alternative to Net Income, we view results on an operating basis, which represents Net Income excluding Merger and Restructuring Charges. The operating basis of presentation is not defined by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). We believe that the exclusion of Merger and Restructuring Charges, which represent events outside our normal operations, provides a meaningful period-to-period comparison and is more reflective of normalized operations.
Net Interest Income - FTE Basis
In addition, we view Net Interest Income and related ratios and analysis (i.e. efficiency ratio, net interest yield and operating leverage) on a FTE basis. Although this is a non-GAAP measure, we believe managing the business with Net Interest Income on a FTE basis provides a more accurate picture of the interest margin for comparative purposes. To derive the FTE basis, Net Interest Income is adjusted to reflect tax-exempt interest income on an equivalent before-tax basis with a corresponding increase in Income Tax Expense. For purposes of this calculation, we use the federal statutory tax rate of 35 percent. This measure ensures comparability of Net Interest Income arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources.
Performance Measures
As mentioned above, certain performance measures including the efficiency ratio, net interest yield, and operating leverage utilize Net Interest Income (and thus Total Revenue) on a FTE basis. The efficiency ratio measures the costs expended to generate a dollar of revenue, and net interest yield evaluates how many basis points we are earning over the cost of funds. Operating leverage measures the total percentage revenue growth minus the total percentage expense growth for the corresponding period. During our annual integrated plan process, we set operating leverage and efficiency targets for the Corporation and each line of business. Targets vary by year and by business and are based on a variety of factors, including: maturity of the business, investment appetite, competitive environment, market factors, and other items (i.e. risk appetite). The aforementioned performance measures and ratios, earnings per common share (EPS), return on average assets, return on average common shareholders equity and dividend payout ratio, as well as those measures discussed more fully below are presented in Table 2, Supplemental Financial Data and Reconciliations to GAAP Financial Measures.
Return on Average Equity and Shareholder Value Added
We also evaluate our business based upon return on average equity (ROE) and shareholder value added (SVA) measures. ROE and SVA, both utilize non-GAAP allocation methodologies. ROE measures the earnings contribution of a unit as a percentage of the Shareholders Equity allocated to that unit. SVA is defined as cash basis earnings on an operating basis less a charge for the use of capital. For more information, see Basis of Presentation beginning on page 37. Both measures are used to evaluate the Corporations use of equity (i.e. capital) at the individual unit level and are integral components in the analytics for resource allocation. Using SVA as a performance measure places specific focus on whether incremental investments generate returns in excess of the costs of capital associated with those investments. Investments and initiatives are analyzed using SVA during the annual planning process for maximizing allocation of corporate resources. In addition, profitability, relationship and investment models all use ROE and SVA as key measures to support our overall growth goal.
32
Table 2
Supplemental Financial Data and Reconciliations to GAAP Financial Measures
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions, except per share information) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Operating basis (1) |
||||||||
Operating earnings |
$ | 4,770 | $ | 2,681 | ||||
Operating earnings per common share |
1.18 | 0.93 | ||||||
Diluted operating earnings per common share |
1.16 | 0.91 | ||||||
Shareholder value added |
2,305 | 1,405 | ||||||
Return on average assets |
1.61 | % | 1.29 | % | ||||
Return on average common shareholders equity |
19.61 | 22.16 | ||||||
Efficiency ratio (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
48.83 | 55.98 | ||||||
Dividend payout ratio |
38.41 | 43.21 | ||||||
Fully taxable-equivalent basis data |
||||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 8,072 | $ | 5,970 | ||||
Total revenue |
14,221 | 9,700 | ||||||
Net interest yield |
3.11 | % | 3.26 | % | ||||
Efficiency ratio |
49.62 | 55.98 | ||||||
Reconciliation of net income to operating earnings |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 4,695 | $ | 2,681 | ||||
Merger and restructuring charges |
112 | | ||||||
Related income tax benefit |
(37 | ) | | |||||
Operating earnings |
$ | 4,770 | $ | 2,681 | ||||
Reconciliation of EPS to operating EPS |
||||||||
Earnings per common share |
$ | 1.16 | $ | 0.93 | ||||
Effect of merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit |
0.02 | | ||||||
Operating earnings per common share |
$ | 1.18 | $ | 0.93 | ||||
Reconciliation of diluted EPS to diluted operating EPS |
||||||||
Diluted earnings per common share |
$ | 1.14 | $ | 0.91 | ||||
Effect of merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit |
0.02 | | ||||||
Diluted operating earnings per common share |
$ | 1.16 | $ | 0.91 | ||||
Reconciliation of net income to shareholder value added |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 4,695 | $ | 2,681 | ||||
Amortization of intangibles |
208 | 54 | ||||||
Merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit |
75 | | ||||||
Cash basis earnings on an operating basis |
4,978 | 2,735 | ||||||
Capital charge |
(2,673 | ) | (1,330 | ) | ||||
Shareholder value added |
$ | 2,305 | $ | 1,405 | ||||
Reconciliation of return on average assets to operating return on average assets |
||||||||
Return on average assets |
1.59 | % | 1.29 | % | ||||
Effect of merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit |
0.02 | | ||||||
Operating return on average assets |
1.61 | % | 1.29 | % | ||||
Reconciliation of return on average common shareholders equity to operating return on average common shareholders equity |
||||||||
Return on average common shareholders equity |
19.30 | % | 22.16 | % | ||||
Effect of merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit |
0.31 | | ||||||
Operating return on average common shareholders equity |
19.61 | % | 22.16 | % | ||||
Reconciliation of efficiency ratio to operating efficiency ratio (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
||||||||
Efficiency ratio |
49.62 | % | 55.98 | % | ||||
Effect of merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit |
(0.79 | ) | | |||||
Operating efficiency ratio |
48.83 | % | 55.98 | % | ||||
Reconciliation of dividend payout ratio to operating dividend payout ratio |
||||||||
Dividend payout ratio |
39.02 | % | 43.21 | % | ||||
Effect of merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit |
(0.61 | ) | | |||||
Operating dividend payout ratio |
38.41 | % | 43.21 | % | ||||
(1) | Operating basis excludes Merger and Restructuring Charges. Merger and Restructuring Charges were $112 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005. |
33
Core Net Interest Income
In managing our business, we review core net interest income, which adjusts reported Net Interest Income on a FTE basis for the impact of trading-related activities and revolving securitizations. As discussed in the Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking business segment section beginning on page 46, we evaluate our trading results and strategies based on total trading-related revenue, calculated by combining trading-related Net Interest Income with Trading Account Profits. We also adjust for loans that we originated and sold into revolving credit card, home equity line and commercial loan securitizations. Noninterest Income, rather than Net Interest Income and Provision for Credit Losses, is recorded for assets that have been securitized as we are compensated for servicing the securitized assets and record servicing income and gains or losses on securitizations, where appropriate. An analysis of core net interest income, earning assets and yields, which adjusts for the impact of these two non-core items from reported Net Interest Income on a FTE basis, is shown below.
Table 3
Core Net Interest Income
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Net interest income |
||||||||
As reported (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
$ | 8,072 | $ | 5,970 | ||||
Trading-related net interest income |
(422 | ) | (577 | ) | ||||
Impact of revolving securitizations |
255 | 38 | ||||||
Core net interest income |
$ | 7,905 | $ | 5,431 | ||||
Average earning assets |
||||||||
As reported |
$ | 1,044,914 | $ | 734,808 | ||||
Trading-related earning assets |
(264,472 | ) | (209,958 | ) | ||||
Impact of revolving securitizations |
10,791 | 1,553 | ||||||
Core average earning assets |
$ | 791,233 | $ | 526,403 | ||||
Net interest yield on earning assets |
||||||||
As reported (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
3.11 | % | 3.26 | % | ||||
Impact of trading-related activities |
0.84 | 0.86 | ||||||
Impact of revolving securitizations |
0.07 | 0.01 | ||||||
Core net interest yield on earning assets |
4.02 | % | 4.13 | % | ||||
Core net interest income increased $2.5 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005. Approximately half of the increase was due to the Merger. Other activities within the portfolio affecting core net interest income include consumer and middle market loan growth, higher domestic deposit funding levels, ALM activity net of the impact of spread compression, partially offset by a lower trading-related contribution and net decreases in large corporate, foreign, and exited businesses.
Core average earning assets increased $264.8 billion primarily due to higher ALM levels, (primarily securities and mortgages) and higher levels of consumer loans (primarily credit card loans and home equity lines). The increases in these assets were due to both the Merger and organic growth. The increase in revolving securitizations primarily reflects the impact of the Merger, as balances related to FleetBoston represented an increase of $10.3 billion and balances related to Bank of America declined $1.1 billion.
The core net interest yield decreased 11 bps due to the impact of ALM portfolio repositioning, including the impact of spread compression, partially offset by higher levels of core deposits and consumer loans.
34
Table 4
Quarterly Average Balances and Interest Rates - Fully Taxable-equivalent Basis
First Quarter 2005 |
Fourth Quarter 2004 |
|||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Average Balance |
Interest Income/ Expense |
Yield/ Rate |
Average Balance |
Interest Income/ Expense |
Yield/ Rate |
||||||||||||
Earning assets |
||||||||||||||||||
Time deposits placed and other short-term investments |
$ | 14,327 | $ | 101 | 2.87 | % | $ | 15,620 | $ | 128 | 3.24 | % | ||||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell |
147,855 | 893 | 2.43 | 149,226 | 712 | 1.90 | ||||||||||||
Trading account assets |
117,748 | 1,203 | 4.10 | 110,585 | 1,067 | 3.85 | ||||||||||||
Securities |
204,574 | 2,561 | 5.01 | 171,173 | 2,083 | 4.87 | ||||||||||||
Loans and leases (1): |
||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage |
178,098 | 2,412 | 5.43 | 178,879 | 2,459 | 5.49 | ||||||||||||
Credit card |
51,310 | 1,373 | 10.85 | 49,366 | 1,351 | 10.88 | ||||||||||||
Home equity lines |
51,477 | 692 | 5.45 | 48,336 | 609 | 5.01 | ||||||||||||
Direct/Indirect consumer |
41,620 | 573 | 5.58 | 39,526 | 551 | 5.55 | ||||||||||||
Other consumer (2) |
7,305 | 158 | 8.75 | 7,557 | 153 | 8.07 | ||||||||||||
Total consumer |
329,810 | 5,208 | 6.37 | 323,664 | 5,123 | 6.31 | ||||||||||||
Commercial - domestic |
123,803 | 1,983 | 6.49 | 121,412 | 1,914 | 6.27 | ||||||||||||
Commercial real estate |
33,016 | 430 | 5.29 | 31,355 | 392 | 4.98 | ||||||||||||
Commercial lease financing |
20,745 | 260 | 5.01 | 20,204 | 254 | 5.01 | ||||||||||||
Commercial - foreign |
17,570 | 258 | 5.96 | 18,828 | 272 | 5.76 | ||||||||||||
Total commercial |
195,134 | 2,931 | 6.08 | 191,799 | 2,832 | 5.88 | ||||||||||||
Total loans and leases |
524,944 | 8,139 | 6.27 | 515,463 | 7,955 | 6.15 | ||||||||||||
Other earning assets |
35,466 | 455 | 5.19 | 35,937 | 457 | 5.08 | ||||||||||||
Total earning assets (3) |
1,044,914 | 13,352 | 5.15 | 998,004 | 12,402 | 4.96 | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
31,382 | 31,028 | ||||||||||||||||
Other assets, less allowance for loan and lease losses |
124,587 | 123,519 | ||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 1,200,883 | $ | 1,152,551 | ||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing liabilities |
||||||||||||||||||
Domestic interest-bearing deposits: |
||||||||||||||||||
Savings |
$ | 37,000 | $ | 35 | 0.39 | % | $ | 36,927 | $ | 36 | 0.39 | % | ||||||
NOW and money market deposit accounts |
233,392 | 651 | 1.13 | 234,596 | 589 | 1.00 | ||||||||||||
Consumer CDs and IRAs |
118,989 | 769 | 2.62 | 109,243 | 711 | 2.59 | ||||||||||||
Negotiable CDs, public funds and other time deposits |
10,291 | 96 | 3.73 | 7,563 | 81 | 4.27 | ||||||||||||
Total domestic interest-bearing deposits |
399,672 | 1,551 | 1.57 | 388,329 | 1,417 | 1.45 | ||||||||||||
Foreign interest-bearing deposits (4): |
||||||||||||||||||
Banks located in foreign countries |
22,084 | 316 | 5.81 | 17,953 | 275 | 6.11 | ||||||||||||
Governments and official institutions |
6,831 | 43 | 2.58 | 5,843 | 33 | 2.21 | ||||||||||||
Time, savings and other |
30,770 | 133 | 1.75 | 30,459 | 104 | 1.36 | ||||||||||||
Total foreign interest-bearing deposits |
59,685 | 492 | 3.35 | 54,255 | 412 | 3.02 | ||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing deposits |
459,357 | 2,043 | 1.80 | 442,584 | 1,829 | 1.64 | ||||||||||||
Federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other short-term borrowings |
276,483 | 1,969 | 2.89 | 252,384 | 1,543 | 2.43 | ||||||||||||
Trading account liabilities |
44,507 | 427 | 3.89 | 37,387 | 352 | 3.74 | ||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
97,126 | 841 | 3.46 | 99,588 | 724 | 2.91 | ||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing liabilities (3) |
877,473 | 5,280 | 2.43 | 831,943 | 4,448 | 2.13 | ||||||||||||
Noninterest-bearing sources: |
||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest-bearing deposits |
168,062 | 167,352 | ||||||||||||||||
Other liabilities |
56,534 | 55,156 | ||||||||||||||||
Shareholders equity |
98,814 | 98,100 | ||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ | 1,200,883 | $ | 1,152,551 | ||||||||||||||
Net interest spread |
2.72 | 2.83 | ||||||||||||||||
Impact of noninterest-bearing sources |
0.39 | 0.35 | ||||||||||||||||
Net interest income/yield on earning assets |
$ | 8,072 | 3.11 | % | $ | 7,954 | 3.18 | % | ||||||||||
(1) | Nonperforming loans are included in the respective average loan balances. Income on these nonperforming loans is recognized on a cash basis. |
(2) | Includes consumer finance of $3,362 million in the first quarter of 2005 and $3,473 million, $3,644 million, $3,828 million and $3,999 million in the fourth, third, second and first quarters of 2004, respectively; foreign consumer of $3,532 million in the first quarter of 2005 and $3,523 million, $3,304 million, $3,256 million and $1,989 million in the fourth, third, second and first quarters of 2004, respectively; and consumer lease financing of $411 million in the first quarter of 2005 and $561 million, $745 million, $1,058 million and $1,491 million in the fourth, third, second and first quarters of 2004, respectively. |
(3) | Interest income includes the impact of interest rate risk management contracts, which increased interest income on the underlying assets $437 million in first quarter of 2005 and $496 million, $531 million, $658 million and $715 million in the fourth, third, second and first quarters of 2004, respectively. These amounts were substantially offset by corresponding decreases in the income earned on the underlying assets. Interest expense includes the impact of interest rate risk management contracts, which increased interest expense on the underlying liabilities $175 million in the first quarter of 2005 and $155 million, $217 million, $333 million and $183 million in the fourth, third, second and first quarters of 2004, respectively. These amounts were substantially offset by corresponding decreases in the interest paid on the underlying liabilities. For further information on interest rate contracts, see Interest Rate Risk Management beginning on page 77. |
(4) | Primarily consists of time deposits in denominations of $100,000 or more. |
35
Third Quarter 2004 |
Second Quarter 2004 |
First Quarter 2004 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Average Balance |
Interest Income/ Expense |
Yield/ Rate |
Average Balance |
Interest Income/ Expense |
Yield/ Rate |
Average Balance |
Interest Income/ Expense |
Yield/ Rate |
||||||||||||||||||
Earning assets |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Time deposits placed and other short-term investments |
$ | 14,726 | $ | 127 | 3.45 | % | $ | 14,384 | $ | 59 | 1.65 | % | $ | 12,268 | $ | 48 | 1.57 | % | |||||||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell |
128,339 | 484 | 1.50 | 124,383 | 413 | 1.33 | 113,761 | 434 | 1.53 | ||||||||||||||||||
Trading account assets |
98,459 | 975 | 3.96 | 104,391 | 1,025 | 3.94 | 105,033 | 1,025 | 3.91 | ||||||||||||||||||
Securities |
169,515 | 2,095 | 4.94 | 159,797 | 1,925 | 4.82 | 99,755 | 1,223 | 4.91 | ||||||||||||||||||
Loans and leases (1): |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage |
175,046 | 2,371 | 5.41 | 173,158 | 2,284 | 5.29 | 141,898 | 1,960 | 5.53 | ||||||||||||||||||
Credit card |
45,818 | 1,265 | 10.98 | 43,160 | 1,167 | 10.88 | 35,303 | 870 | 9.92 | ||||||||||||||||||
Home equity lines |
44,309 | 514 | 4.62 | 40,424 | 450 | 4.48 | 24,379 | 262 | 4.31 | ||||||||||||||||||
Direct/Indirect consumer |
38,951 | 538 | 5.49 | 39,763 | 540 | 5.44 | 34,045 | 464 | 5.49 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other consumer (2) |
7,693 | 152 | 7.91 | 8,142 | 169 | 8.32 | 7,479 | 120 | 6.42 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total consumer |
311,817 | 4,840 | 6.19 | 304,647 | 4,610 | 6.07 | 243,104 | 3,676 | 6.07 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial - domestic |
122,093 | 1,855 | 6.04 | 123,970 | 1,843 | 5.98 | 90,946 | 1,511 | 6.68 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate |
30,792 | 344 | 4.44 | 30,311 | 317 | 4.20 | 19,815 | 210 | 4.26 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial lease financing |
20,125 | 233 | 4.64 | 20,086 | 237 | 4.72 | 9,459 | 95 | 4.00 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial - foreign |
18,251 | 245 | 5.34 | 18,144 | 237 | 5.24 | 10,753 | 95 | 3.57 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total commercial |
191,261 | 2,677 | 5.57 | 192,511 | 2,634 | 5.50 | 130,973 | 1,911 | 5.87 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total loans and leases |
503,078 | 7,517 | 5.95 | 497,158 | 7,244 | 5.85 | 374,077 | 5,587 | 6.00 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other earning assets |
34,266 | 460 | 5.33 | 38,407 | 494 | 5.17 | 29,914 | 404 | 5.42 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total earning assets (3) |
948,383 | 11,658 | 4.90 | 938,520 | 11,160 | 4.77 | 734,808 | 8,721 | 4.76 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
29,469 | 30,320 | 23,187 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other assets, less allowance for loan and lease losses |
118,831 | 125,619 | 75,197 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 1,096,683 | $ | 1,094,459 | $ | 833,192 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing liabilities |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic interest-bearing deposits: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Savings |
$ | 36,823 | $ | 35 | 0.38 | % | $ | 35,864 | $ | 31 | 0.34 | % | $ | 26,159 | $ | 17 | 0.27 | % | |||||||||
NOW and money market deposit accounts |
233,602 | 523 | 0.89 | 233,702 | 488 | 0.84 | 155,835 | 321 | 0.83 | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer CDs and IRAs |
101,250 | 668 | 2.63 | 93,017 | 587 | 2.54 | 75,341 | 567 | 3.03 | ||||||||||||||||||
Negotiable CDs, public funds and other time deposits |
5,654 | 69 | 4.85 | 4,737 | 66 | 5.60 | 5,939 | 74 | 5.01 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total domestic interest-bearing deposits |
377,329 | 1,295 | 1.37 | 367,320 | 1,172 | 1.28 | 263,274 | 979 | 1.50 | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign interest-bearing deposits (4): |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Banks located in foreign countries |
17,864 | 307 | 6.83 | 18,945 | 287 | 6.10 | 18,954 | 171 | 3.62 | ||||||||||||||||||
Governments and official institutions |
5,021 | 22 | 1.80 | 5,739 | 23 | 1.58 | 4,701 | 19 | 1.63 | ||||||||||||||||||
Time, savings and other |
29,513 | 87 | 1.17 | 29,882 | 47 | 0.64 | 21,054 | 37 | 0.71 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total foreign interest-bearing deposits |
52,398 | 416 | 3.16 | 54,566 | 357 | 2.63 | 44,709 | 227 | 2.04 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing deposits |
429,727 | 1,711 | 1.58 | 421,886 | 1,529 | 1.46 | 307,983 | 1,206 | 1.57 | ||||||||||||||||||
Federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other short-term borrowings |
226,025 | 1,152 | 2.03 | 235,701 | 1,019 | 1.74 | 195,866 | 720 | 1.48 | ||||||||||||||||||
Trading account liabilities |
37,706 | 333 | 3.51 | 31,620 | 298 | 3.78 | 34,543 | 334 | 3.90 | ||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
98,361 | 626 | 2.54 | 96,395 | 563 | 2.34 | 78,852 | 491 | 2.49 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing liabilities (3) |
791,819 | 3,822 | 1.92 | 785,602 | 3,409 | 1.74 | 617,244 | 2,751 | 1.79 | ||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest-bearing sources: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest-bearing deposits |
158,151 | 160,419 | 117,092 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other liabilities |
50,321 | 55,172 | 50,170 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shareholders equity |
96,392 | 93,266 | 48,686 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ | 1,096,683 | $ | 1,094,459 | $ | 833,192 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest spread |
2.98 | 3.03 | 2.97 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Impact of noninterest-bearing sources |
0.32 | 0.28 | 0.29 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income/yield on earning assets |
$ | 7,836 | 3.30 | % | $ | 7,751 | 3.31 | % | $ | 5,970 | 3.26 | % | |||||||||||||||
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Business Segment Operations
Segment Description
The Corporation reports the results of its operations through four business segments: Global Consumer and Small Business Banking, Global Business and Financial Services, Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking, and Global Wealth and Investment Management. During the first quarter of 2005, Latin America was realigned and is now included in the results of Global Business and Financial Services, rather than All Other. Latin America includes the Corporations full-service Latin American operations in Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Uruguay. Also during the first quarter of 2005, Business Banking was realigned and included in the results of Global Business and Financial Services, rather than Global Consumer and Small Business Banking. Business Banking serves our client-managed small business customers. All Other consists primarily of Equity Investments, Noninterest Income and Expense amounts associated with the ALM process (including Gains on Sales of Debt Securities), the allowance for credit losses process residual, the residual impact of allocation methodologies, Merger and Restructuring Charges, intersegment eliminations, and the results of certain consumer finance and commercial lending businesses that are being liquidated.
Basis of Presentation
We prepare and evaluate segment results using certain non-GAAP methodologies and performance measures many of which were discussed in Supplemental Financial Data on page 32. The starting point in evaluating results is the operating results of the businesses, which by definition excludes Merger and Restructuring Charges. The segment results also reflect certain revenue and expense methodologies, which are utilized to determine operating income. The Net Interest Income of the business segments includes the results of a funds transfer pricing process that matches assets and liabilities with similar interest rate sensitivity and maturity characteristics. Net Interest Income also reflects an allocation of Net Interest Income generated by assets and liabilities used in our ALM process. The results of the business segments will fluctuate based on the performance of corporate ALM activities.
Certain expenses not directly attributable to a specific business segment are allocated to the segments based on pre-determined means. The most significant of these expenses include data processing costs, item processing costs and certain centralized or shared functions. Data processing costs are allocated to the segments based on equipment usage. Item processing costs are allocated to the segments based on the volume of items processed for each segment. The costs of certain centralized or shared functions are allocated based on methodologies which reflect utilization.
Equity is allocated to the business segments using a risk-adjusted methodology incorporating each units credit, market and operational risk components. The nature of these risks is discussed further beginning on page 58. ROE is calculated by dividing Net Income by allocated equity. SVA is defined as cash basis earnings on an operating basis less a charge for the use of capital (i.e. equity). Cash basis earnings on an operating basis are defined as Net Income adjusted to exclude Merger and Restructuring Charges, and Amortization of Intangibles. The charge for use of capital is calculated by multiplying 11 percent (managements estimate of the shareholders minimum required rate of return on capital invested) by average total common shareholders equity at the corporate level and by average allocated equity at the business segment level. Average equity is allocated to the business level using a methodology identical to that used in the ROE calculation. Management reviews the estimate of the rate used to calculate the capital charge annually. We use the Capital Asset Pricing Model to estimate our cost of capital.
See Note 12 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional business segment information, selected financial information for the business segments and reconciliations to consolidated Total Revenue and Net Income amounts.
Global Consumer and Small Business Banking
Our strategy is to attract, retain and deepen customer relationships. A critical component of that strategy includes continuously improving customer satisfaction. We believe this focus will help us achieve our goal of being recognized as the best retail bank in North America.
Global Consumer and Small Business Banking distributes a wide range of products and services to more than 34 million consumer households and 3 million small business customers in 29 states and the District of Columbia through its network of 5,889 banking
37
centers, 16,798 domestic branded ATMs, and telephone and Internet channels. These products include deposit products such as checking accounts, savings accounts, time deposits, debit card products and credit products such as credit card, home equity products and residential mortgages. The services include the issuance and servicing of credit cards; origination, fulfillment and servicing of residential mortgage loans; direct banking via the Internet, deposit services, student lending and certain insurance services.
Global Consumer and Small Business Banking
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Net interest income (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
$ | 4,251 | $ | 3,094 | ||||
Noninterest income |
2,710 | 1,630 | ||||||
Total revenue |
6,961 | 4,724 | ||||||
Provision for credit losses |
714 | 429 | ||||||
Gains (losses) on sales of debt securities |
(1 | ) | 1 | |||||
Noninterest expense |
3,309 | 2,601 | ||||||
Income before income taxes |
2,937 | 1,695 | ||||||
Income tax expense |
1,038 | 625 | ||||||
Net income |
$ | 1,899 | $ | 1,070 | ||||
Shareholder value added |
$ | 1,154 | $ | 716 | ||||
Net interest yield (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
5.66 | % | 5.62 | % | ||||
Return on average equity |
23.54 | 30.30 | ||||||
Efficiency ratio (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
47.55 | 55.07 | ||||||
Average: |
||||||||
Total loans and leases |
$ | 138,670 | $ | 86,082 | ||||
Total assets |
332,773 | 234,539 | ||||||
Total deposits |
299,789 | 216,850 | ||||||
Common equity/Allocated equity |
32,711 | 14,197 | ||||||
Period end: |
||||||||
Total loans and leases |
137,837 | 86,582 | ||||||
Total assets |
334,852 | 241,426 | ||||||
Total deposits |
305,239 | 222,066 |
Total Revenue for Global Consumer and Small Business Banking increased $2.2 billion, or 47 percent, of which FleetBoston contributed $1.3 billion. Provision for Credit Losses increased $285 million to $714 million, of which $147 million was related to the addition of FleetBoston. Noninterest Expense grew by $708 million, or 27 percent, to $3.3 billion with $473 million due to FleetBoston. Net Income rose $829 million, or 77 percent, including the $409 million impact of the addition of FleetBoston. SVA increased $438 million, or 61 percent, with $85 million attributable to FleetBoston. This increase was the result of an increase in cash basis earnings partially offset by an increase in the capital allocation due to the Merger.
Net Interest Income increased $1.2 billion largely due to the net effect of the growth in consumer loans and leases, and deposit balances. Net Interest Income was positively impacted by the $52.6 billion, or 61 percent, increase in average Loans and Leases. This increase was driven by a $16.0 billion, or 45 percent, increase in average on-balance sheet consumer credit card outstandings, a $23.9 billion, or 117 percent, increase in balances on home equity loans and lines, and an $8.9 billion, or 41 percent, increase in residential mortgages. The addition of FleetBoston was the primary driver to the portfolio growth. Deposit growth also positively impacted Net Interest Income. Average Deposits increased $82.9 billion, or 38 percent, driven by consumer deposit balances from the addition of FleetBoston customers of $64.9 billion, higher customer retention, our focus on attracting new customers and deepening existing relationships.
Noninterest Income increased $1.1 billion, or 66 percent, to $2.7 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. FleetBoston contributed $416 million to Noninterest Income. Overall, this improvement was primarily due to a $477 million, or 63 percent, increase in Card Income to $1.2 billion, a $292 million improvement in Trading Account Profits, and an increase of $233 million, or 27 percent, in Service Charges
38
to $1.1 billion. Card Income increased mainly due to increases in purchase volumes for both credit and debit cards, the impact of the NPC acquisition, and increases in average managed credit card outstandings. These increases were due to both the growth of our card businesses, and the addition of the FleetBoston portfolio. Prior year Trading Account Profits included the writedown of Excess Spread Certificates (the Certificates) prior to their conversion to Mortgage Servicing Rights (MSRs). The increase in Service Charges was due primarily to the addition of FleetBoston customers and the growth in new accounts.
The Provision for Credit Losses increased $285 million to $714 million, primarily driven by higher credit card net charge-offs of $297 million, of which $139 million was attributed to the addition of the FleetBoston credit card portfolio. Organic credit card portfolio growth, continued seasoning of credit card accounts, the return of previously securitized loans to the balance sheet in 2004 and increases effective in 2004 in credit card minimum payment requirements drove higher net charge-offs. The increased net charge-offs associated with the increase in required credit card minimum payments did not impact the Provision for Credit Losses in the first quarter of 2005 as those net charge-offs were provided for in late 2004. For more information, see Credit Risk Management beginning on page 58.
Noninterest Expense increased $708 million, or 27 percent. Driving this increase were increases in Other General Operating Expense of $297 million, Personnel Expense of $167 million and Amortization of Intangibles of $107 million. The impact of the addition of FleetBoston to Noninterest Expense was $473 million, including $144 million of Other General Operating Expense, $135 million of Personnel Expense and $90 million of Amortization of Intangibles.
Within Global Consumer and Small Business Banking, our most significant product lines are Card Services, Consumer Real Estate and Consumer Deposit Products.
Card Services
Card Services provides a broad offering of credit cards to an array of customers including consumers and small businesses. Our products include traditional credit cards, a variety of co-branded and affinity card products, as well as purchasing, and travel and entertainment card products. We also provide processing services for merchant card receipts, a business where we are a market leader, due in part to our acquisition of NPC during the fourth quarter of 2004.
We evaluate our Card Services business on both a managed and held basis. Managed card revenue adjusts for the impact of card securitization activity, which is used as a financing tool. For assets that have been securitized, we record Noninterest Income, rather than Net Interest Income and Provision for Credit Losses, as we are compensated for servicing income and gains or losses on securitizations. Managed card revenue excludes the impact of the net gains on the securitized credit card portfolio of $13 million and $5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. These amounts are the result of the differences in internal and external funding costs as well as the amortization of previously recognized securitization gains. After the revolving period of the securitizations, the card receivables return to our balance sheet. This has the effect of increasing Loans and Leases and increasing Net Interest Income and the Provision for Credit Losses (including net charge-offs), with a reduction in Noninterest Income.
The following table presents the components of Total Revenue for Card Services on a managed and held basis.
Card Services Revenue
Three Months Ended March 31 | ||||||||||||
2005 |
2004 | |||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Managed |
Held |
Managed |
Held | ||||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 1,359 | $ | 1,155 | $ | 831 | $ | 792 | ||||
Noninterest income |
884 | 930 | 515 | 529 | ||||||||
Total card services revenue |
$ | 2,243 | $ | 2,085 | $ | 1,346 | $ | 1,321 | ||||
39
Strong credit card performance and the addition of the FleetBoston card portfolio drove Card Services results. Held credit card revenue increased $764 million, or 58 percent, to $2.1 billion. Driving this increase was the $363 million increase in held Net Interest Income, due to a $16.0 billion, or 45 percent, increase in average held consumer credit card outstandings. The increase in held consumer credit card outstandings was due to the addition of approximately six million new accounts through our branch network and direct marketing programs, and the $6.3 billion impact of the addition of the held FleetBoston consumer credit card portfolio. Managed credit card revenue increased $897 million, or 67 percent, to $2.2 billion. This increase included the $528 million, or 64 percent, increase in managed Net Interest Income. Average managed consumer credit card outstandings were $58.1 billion during the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to $36.9 billion during the same period in 2004.
The increase in held credit card Noninterest Income of $401 million resulted from higher merchant discount fees, interchange fees, late fees, overlimit fees and cash advance fees. Merchant discount fees increased $116 million primarily due to the acquisition of NPC. Also impacting Noninterest Income were increases in interchange fees of $52 million, late fees of $46 million, overlimit fees of $20 million and cash advance fees of $11 million. Interchange fees increased mainly due to a $4.6 billion, or 32 percent, increase in consumer credit card purchase volumes. The effect of the addition of FleetBoston on these fee categories was $13 million on merchant discount fees, $43 million on interchange fees, $18 million on late fees, $12 million on overlimit fees, and $2 million on cash advance fees, respectively. Noninterest Income on a managed basis increased $369 million, or 72 percent during the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004.
The Provision for Credit Losses increased $226 million, or 51 percent, to $672 million driven by higher net charge-offs of $297 million, of which $139 million was attributable to the addition of the FleetBoston card portfolio. Organic credit card portfolio growth, continued seasoning of credit card accounts, the return of $4.2 billion of previously securitized credit card loans to the balance sheet in 2004, and increases effective in 2004 in credit card minimum payment requirements drove higher net charge-offs in the first quarter of 2005. The increased net charge-offs associated with the increase in required credit card minimum payments did not impact the Provision for Credit Losses in the first quarter of 2005 as those net charge-offs were provided for in late 2004. Net losses on the portfolio that was securitized were $145 million and $20 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. The increase was attributable to the addition of the FleetBoston portfolio. For more information, see Credit Risk Management beginning on page 58.
Consumer Real Estate
Consumer Real Estate generates revenue by providing an extensive line of mortgage products and services to customers nationwide. Consumer Real Estate products are available to our customers through a retail network of personal bankers located in 5,889 banking centers, dedicated sales account executives in over 190 locations and through a dedicated sales force offering our customers direct telephone and online access to our products. Additionally, we serve our customers through a partnership with more than 7,200 mortgage brokers in all 50 states. The mortgage product offerings for home purchase and refinancing needs include fixed and adjustable rate loans, first and second lien loans, home equity lines of credit, and lot and construction loans. To manage this portfolio, these products are either sold into the secondary mortgage market to investors while we retain the customer relationship and servicing rights or are held on our balance sheet.
Consumer Real Estate is managed with a focus on its two primary businesses, first mortgage and home equity. The first mortgage business includes the origination, fulfillment and servicing of first mortgage loan products. The home equity business includes lines of credit and second mortgages. These two businesses provide us with a business model that meets customer mortgage borrowing needs in various interest rate cycles.
40
The following table shows the Global Consumer and Small Business revenue components of the Consumer Real Estate business.
Consumer Real Estate Revenue
Three Months Ended March 31 |
|||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
|||||
Net interest income |
$ | 533 | $ | 403 | |||
Mortgage banking income (1, 2) |
274 | 238 | |||||
Trading account profits |
| (291 | ) | ||||
Other income |
15 | 20 | |||||
Total consumer real estate revenue |
$ | 822 | $ | 370 | |||
(1) | Includes gains related to hedge ineffectiveness of cash flow hedges on our mortgage warehouse of $59 million and $49 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. |
(2) | For the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, Mortgage Banking Income included revenue of $53 million and $29 million for mortgage services provided to other segments that are eliminated in consolidation (in All Other). |
Total revenue for the Consumer Real Estate business increased by $452 million, to $822 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. Net Interest Income increased by $130 million primarily driven by higher average balances in the Global Consumer and Small Business Banking home equity portfolio, which grew from $20.5 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2004 to $44.4 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005. Home equity average balances across all business lines grew by $31.6 billion to $58.9 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. This portfolio growth was attributable to an expanded home equity market due to the addition of FleetBoston and additional product offerings. The home equity business produced $12.3 billion in loans and lines of credit during the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to $4.9 billion during the three months ended March 31, 2004. Home equity production across all business lines improved $9.0 billion to $15.4 billion for the first quarter of 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. The impact of spread compression and lower average balances of residential first mortgages held-for-sale was $43 million lower net interest income during the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004.
Prior to conversion of the Excess Spread Certificates (the Certificates) to Mortgage Servicing Rights (MSRs) in June 2004, changes in the value of the Certificates, MSRs and derivatives used for risk management were recognized as Trading Account Profits. For the three months ended March 31, 2004, Trading Account Profits included $296 million of downward adjustments for changes to valuation assumptions and prepayment adjustments offset by net hedging results of $5 million. For more information on the conversion, see Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report. Other income includes premiums collected through our mortgage insurance captive and other miscellaneous revenue items.
41
Mortgage Banking Income increased from $238 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 to $274 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005. The following summarizes the components of Mortgage Banking Income that includes production income that is the result of loans sold in the secondary market and servicing income, which reflects the performance of the servicing portfolio.
Mortgage Banking Income
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Production income |
$ | 185 | $ | 183 | ||||
Servicing income: |
||||||||
Servicing fees and ancillary income |
204 | 80 | ||||||
Amortization of MSRs |
(144 | ) | (25 | ) | ||||
Net MSR and SFAS 133 derivative hedge adjustments (1) |
5 | | ||||||
Gains on derivatives (2) |
6 | | ||||||
Recoveries of MSRs |
18 | | ||||||
Total net servicing income |
89 | 55 | ||||||
Total mortgage banking income |
$ | 274 | $ | 238 | ||||
(1) | Represents derivative hedge losses of $145 million under SFAS 133 hedges, offset by an increase in the value of the MSRs of $150 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005. For additional information on MSRs, see Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(2) | Gains on derivatives used as economic hedges of MSRs not designated as SFAS 133 hedges. |
During the three months ended March 31, 2005, production was $15.2 billion for residential first mortgages within Global Consumer and Small Business Banking compared to $21.8 billion during the same period of 2004. Across all business lines, production was $17.5 billion for residential first mortgages during the three months ended March 31, 2005, a $6.4 billion decline from the same period a year ago. Although volumes declined, production income increased $2 million to $185 million compared to the same period last year. This increase was primarily driven by improved execution on sales to the secondary market. Of the first quarter 2005 volume across all business lines, $11.9 billion was originated through retail channels and $5.6 billion was originated in our wholesale channel. This compares to $14.0 billion and $9.8 billion during the first quarter of 2004. Contributing to the decline in production across all business lines during the three months ended March 31, 2005, refinance activity was approximately 55 percent of the production compared to 71 percent during the same period in 2004. The volume reductions resulted in lower loan sales to the secondary market, which totaled $13.1 billion, a 19 percent decrease from the same period in 2004.
Net servicing income was the primary driver of the increase in Mortgage Banking Income. Servicing fees are recognized when cash is received for performing servicing activities for others. Servicing activities primarily include collecting cash for principal, interest and escrow payments from borrowers, and accounting for and remitting principal and interest payments to investors. Servicing income also includes any ancillary income, such as late fees, derived in connection with these activities.
Subsequent to the conversion of the Certificates in June 2004, MSRs are accounted for at the lower of cost or market with impairment recognized as a reduction to Mortgage Banking Income. A combination of derivatives and AFS securities (e.g. mortgage-backed securities) is utilized to hedge the changes associated with the value of MSRs. At March 31, 2005, $2.2 billion were hedged using a SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (SFAS 133) strategy. The remaining $307 million in MSRs was covered by an economic hedge using AFS securities. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, the value of the AFS securities decreased $15 million and the Net Interest Income earned was $6 million.
The Consumer Real Estate servicing portfolio includes originated and retained residential mortgages, loans serviced for others and home equity loans. The servicing portfolio at March 31, 2005 was $337.5 billion, $5.0 billion higher than December 31, 2004, driven primarily by lower prepayment rates.
42
MSRs are intangible assets created when mortgages are sold to investors and we retain the right to service the loan. The amount capitalized as MSRs represents the current fair value of future net cash flows expected to be realized for performing servicing activities. The following table outlines our MSR statistical information:
Mortgage Servicing Rights
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31 2005 |
December 31 2004 |
||||||
MSR data: |
||||||||
Balance (1) |
$ | 2,549 | $ | 2,359 | ||||
Capitalization value |
1.28 | % | 1.19 | % | ||||
Unpaid balance |
$ | 198,977 | $ | 197,795 | ||||
Number of customers (in thousands) |
1,570 | 1,582 |
(1) | Excludes MSRs outside of Consumer Real Estate at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 of $119 million and $123 million which are in Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking. |
As of March 31, 2005, the MSR balance was $2.5 billion, or eight percent higher than at December 31, 2004. This value represented 128 bps as a percent of the related unpaid principal balance, an eight percent increase from December 31, 2004. For more information on MSRs, see Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Consumer Deposit Products
Consumer Deposit Products provides a comprehensive range of deposit products to consumers and small businesses. Our deposit products include traditional savings accounts, money market savings accounts, CDs and IRAs, regular and interest checking accounts, and a variety of business checking options.
Since the end of the first quarter of 2004, we added approximately 2.3 million net new retail checking accounts and 2.8 million net new retail savings accounts. This growth resulted from continued improvement in sales and service results in the Banking Center Channel, improved cross-sale ratios, the introduction of new products, advancement of our multicultural strategy, and access to the former FleetBoston franchise, where we opened 224,000 net new retail checking and 266,000 net new retail savings accounts since April 1, 2004. Account growth has occurred through productivity improvements in existing stores, as well as 165 new store openings since March 31, 2004.
We generate revenue on deposit products through the results of a funds transfer pricing process that matches assets and liabilities with similar interest rate sensitivity and maturity characteristics, fees generated on our accounts, and interchange income from our debit cards. Our deposit-taking activities are integrally linked to our liquidity management and ALM interest rate risk management processes. We seek to optimize the value of deposits through both our client-facing asset generation and our ALM investment process. The following table presents the components of Total Revenue for Consumer Deposit Products.
Consumer Deposit Products Revenue
Three Months Ended March 31 | ||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 | ||||
Net interest income |
$ | 1,952 | $ | 1,294 | ||
Deposit service charges |
1,102 | 871 | ||||
Debit card income |
356 | 237 | ||||
Total noninterest income |
1,458 | 1,108 | ||||
Total deposit revenue |
$ | 3,410 | $ | 2,402 | ||
Deposit revenue grew $1.0 billion, or 42 percent. Driving this growth was the addition of FleetBoston, which contributed $649 million of deposit revenue.
43
Net Interest Income increased $658 million, or 51 percent. The primary driver of the increase was the $82.9 billion, or 38 percent, increase in average Deposits. Of this growth, $64.9 billion was related to the addition of FleetBoston customers through the Merger. The addition of FleetBoston contributed $443 million to Net Interest Income.
Deposit service charges increased $231 million, or 27 percent, due to the $159 million impact of the addition of FleetBoston and the growth of new accounts across our franchise.
Debit card income increased $119 million, or 50 percent. Driving the increase was growth in transaction activity, evidenced by a 45 percent increase in purchase volumes, partially offset by the negative impact of a lower interchange rate on signature debit card transactions. The impact of the addition of FleetBoston to debit card income was $47 million.
Global Business and Financial Services
This segment provides financial solutions to our clients throughout all stages of their financial cycles. Our strategy is to bring the capabilities of a global financial services organization to the local level. We serve our clients through a variety of businesses including Global Treasury Services, Middle Market Banking, Business Banking, Commercial Real Estate Banking, Leasing, Business Capital, Dealer Financial Services and Latin America. During the first quarter of 2005, Latin America was realigned and is now included in the results of Global Business and Financial Services. Also during the first quarter of 2005, Business Banking was realigned and included in the results of Global Business and Financial Services.
Global Treasury Services provides integrated working capital management and treasury solutions to clients across the U.S. and 37 countries. Our clients include multi-nationals, middle market companies, correspondent banks, commercial real estate firms and governments. Our services include treasury management, trade finance, foreign exchange, short-term credit facilities and short-term investing. The revenues and operating results where customers and clients are serviced are reflected in this segment, as well as other segments where customers are served: Global Consumer and Small Business Banking and Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking.
Middle Market Banking provides commercial lending, treasury management products and investment banking services to middle-market companies across the U. S.
Business Banking offers our client-managed small business customers a variety of business solutions to grow and manage their businesses. Products and services include a wide range of credit and treasury management solutions as well as other products and advisory services such as merchant services, card products, payroll and employee benefits.
Commercial Real Estate Banking, with offices in more than 60 cities across the U.S., provides project financing and treasury management to private developers, homebuilders and commercial real estate firms. This business also includes community development banking, which provides lending and investing services to low- and moderate-income communities.
Leasing provides leasing solutions to small business, middle-market and large corporations in the U.S. and internationally, offering expertise in the municipal, corporate aircraft, healthcare and vendor markets.
Business Capital provides asset-based lending financing solutions customized to meet clients capital needs by leveraging their assets on a secured basis in the U. S., Canada and European markets.
Dealer Financial Services provides lending and investing services, including floor plan programs for marine, recreational vehicle and auto dealerships to more than 10,000 dealer clients across the U.S.
Latin America includes our full-service Latin American operations in Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Uruguay. These businesses primarily service indigenous and multinational corporations, small businesses and affluent consumers. For more information on our Latin American operations, see Foreign Portfolio beginning on page 64.
44
Global Business and Financial Services
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Net interest income (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
$ | 1,915 | $ | 1,138 | ||||
Noninterest income |
819 | 431 | ||||||
Total revenue |
2,734 | 1,569 | ||||||
Provision for credit losses |
(57 | ) | 91 | |||||
Gains on sales of debt securities |
1 | | ||||||
Noninterest expense |
997 | 568 | ||||||
Income before income taxes |
1,795 | 910 | ||||||
Income tax expense |
675 | 328 | ||||||
Net income |
$ | 1,120 | $ | 582 | ||||
Shareholder value added |
$ | 350 | $ | 385 | ||||
Net interest yield (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
4.27 | % | 4.04 | % | ||||
Return on average equity |
15.33 | 31.36 | ||||||
Efficiency ratio (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
36.45 | 36.22 | ||||||
Average: |
||||||||
Total loans and leases |
$ | 171,500 | $ | 109,193 | ||||
Total assets |
211,601 | 121,598 | ||||||
Total deposits |
105,213 | 61,803 | ||||||
Common equity/Allocated equity |
29,620 | 7,461 | ||||||
Period end: |
||||||||
Total loans and leases |
174,513 | 110,249 | ||||||
Total assets |
215,200 | 122,461 | ||||||
Total deposits |
106,834 | 64,931 |
Total Revenue for Global Business and Financial Services increased $1.2 billion, or 74 percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. The addition of FleetBoston accounted for the majority of the increase. The Provision for Credit Losses decreased $148 million, to a negative $57 million. Noninterest Expense increased $429 million to $997 million. Net Income rose $538 million to $1.1 billion. SVA decreased $35 million, or nine percent, as this segments increase in cash basis earnings was offset by the increased capital allocation due to Goodwill related to FleetBoston. Return on average equity was 15.33 percent compared to 31.36 percent during the same period in 2004. This decrease was primarily due to additional allocated equity as a result of the Merger.
Net Interest Income increased $777 million, largely due to the increase in commercial loans and leases, and deposit balances driven by the addition of FleetBoston earning assets as well as the net results of ALM activities. Net Interest Income was positively impacted by the $62.3 billion, or 57 percent, increase in average outstanding Loans and Leases driven by the impact of the Merger and loan growth in Business Banking, Middle Market Banking and Commercial Real Estate. Also contributing to the improvement in Net Interest Income was the $43.4 billion, or 70 percent, increase in average commercial deposits.
During the three months ended March 31, 2005, Noninterest Income increased $388 million, or 90 percent, to $819 million, compared to the same period in 2004. Overall, the increase was driven by a $186 million increase in Other Noninterest Income to $240 million, and a $128 million, or 54 percent, increase in Service Charges to $367 million. The increase in Other Noninterest Income was primarily due to the Merger, tax credit increases in Commercial Real Estate and early leasing terminations. The increase in Service Charges was primarily driven by the Merger. Also affecting the increase in Noninterest Income was the $32 million increase in Investment and Brokerage Services.
The Provision for Credit Losses declined $148 million from the same period in 2004 to a negative $57 million mainly as a result of Latin America where provision declined $159 million. Actions taken to reduce certain portfolio exposures drove the decrease in provision. Additionally, Latin America net recoveries were $14 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to net charge-offs of $3 million for the same period of 2004. For more information, see Credit Risk Management beginning on page 58.
45
Noninterest Expense increased $429 million, or 76 percent, primarily due to the addition of FleetBoston.
Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking
Our strategy is to align our resources with sectors where we can deliver value-added financial advisory solutions to our issuer and investor clients. This segment provides a broad range of financial services to domestic and international corporations, financial institutions, and government entities. Clients are supported through offices in 35 countries that are divided into four distinct geographic regions: U.S. and Canada; Asia; Europe, Middle East and Africa; and Mexico. Our products and services include loan originations, mergers and acquisitions advisory, debt and equity underwriting and trading, cash management, derivatives, foreign exchange, leveraged finance, structured finance and trade services.
During the fourth quarter of 2004, we announced a strategic initiative to invest approximately $675 million in Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking to expand on opportunities in the businesss platform. As of March 31, 2005, approximately half of this investment has been dedicated to be spent on personnel, technology and other infrastructure costs, which are all in various phases of execution.
This segment offers clients a comprehensive range of global capabilities through the following three financial services: Global Investment Banking, Global Credit Products and Global Treasury Services.
Global Investment Banking is comprised of Corporate and Investment Banking, and Global Capital Markets. Global Investment Banking underwrites and makes markets in equity and equity-linked securities, high-grade and high-yield corporate debt securities, commercial paper, and mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. We also provide debt and equity securities research, loan syndications, mergers and acquisitions advisory services and private placements. Further, we provide risk management solutions for customers using interest rate, equity, credit and commodity derivatives, foreign exchange, fixed income and mortgage-related products. In support of these activities, the businesses may take positions in these products and participate in market-making activities. The Global Investment Banking business is a primary dealer in the U.S. and in several international locations.
Global Credit Products provides credit and lending services for our corporate clients and institutional investors. Global Credit Products is also responsible for actively managing loan and counterparty risk in our large corporate portfolio using available risk mitigation techniques, including credit default swaps.
Global Treasury Services provides the technology, strategies and integrated solutions to help financial institutions, government agencies and corporate clients manage their cash flows. For additional information on Global Treasury Services, see Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking on page 46.
46
Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Net interest income (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
$ | 939 | $ | 1,030 | ||||
Noninterest income |
1,693 | 1,143 | ||||||
Total revenue |
2,632 | 2,173 | ||||||
Provision for credit losses |
(97 | ) | (99 | ) | ||||
Gains (losses) on sales of debt securities |
30 | (7 | ) | |||||
Noninterest expense |
1,647 | 1,562 | ||||||
Income before income taxes |
1,112 | 703 | ||||||
Income tax expense |
391 | 250 | ||||||
Net income |
$ | 721 | $ | 453 | ||||
Shareholder value added |
$ | 449 | $ | 253 | ||||
Net interest yield (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
1.19 | % | 1.59 | % | ||||
Return on average equity |
27.90 | 24.28 | ||||||
Efficiency ratio (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
62.55 | 71.88 | ||||||
Average: |
||||||||
Total loans and leases |
$ | 35,508 | $ | 29,333 | ||||
Total assets |
372,826 | 301,375 | ||||||
Total deposits |
82,987 | 67,440 | ||||||
Common equity/Allocated equity |
10,478 | 7,502 | ||||||
Period end: |
||||||||
Total loans and leases |
35,548 | 28,274 | ||||||
Total assets |
379,576 | 237,314 | ||||||
Total deposits |
77,085 | 64,916 |
Total Revenue for Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking was $2.6 billion, reflecting a $459 million, or 21 percent, increase for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. The increase in market-based revenues was driven by trading-related revenue offset by a decline in Investment Banking Income. The Provision for Credit Losses remained relatively unchanged at a negative $97 million. Total Noninterest Expense increased $85 million or, five percent, to $1.6 billion. Net Income increased $268 million, or 59 percent. SVA increased $196 million to $449 million, as the segments increase in cash basis earnings was partially offset by the increase in the capital allocation due to Goodwill related to FleetBoston.
Net Interest Income decreased $91 million, or nine percent, to $939 million. Driving this decrease was the $155 million, or 27 percent, decrease in trading-related Net Interest Income. Despite the growth in average trading-related earning assets during the period, the contribution to Net Interest Income decreased due to a flattening yield curve that resulted in adjustments in our trading and hedging strategies. Overall, these changes increased our trading-related profits. Nontrading-related Net Interest Income increased $64 million, or 14 percent, from the benefit of the $15.5 billion, or 23 percent, increase in average Deposits and the $61.0 billion increase to $321.0 billion in average Total Earning Assets.
Noninterest Income increased $550 million, or 48 percent. Increases in Trading Account Profits and Equity Investment Gains drove the improvement. These increases were partially offset by a decline in Investment Banking Income.
47
Trading-related revenue, which includes Net Interest Income from trading-related positions and Trading Account Profits in Noninterest Income, is presented in the following table. Not included are commissions from equity transactions that are recorded in Noninterest Income as Investment and Brokerage Services Income.
Trading-related Revenue
Three Months Ended March 31 |
|||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
|||||
Net interest income (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
$ | 422 | $ | 577 | |||
Trading account profits (1) |
704 | 267 | |||||
Total trading-related revenue (1) |
$ | 1,126 | $ | 844 | |||
Trading-related revenue by product |
|||||||
Fixed income |
$ | 459 | $ | 509 | |||
Interest rate (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
227 | 167 | |||||
Foreign exchange |
196 | 188 | |||||
Equities (2) |
148 | (3 | ) | ||||
Commodities |
21 | (2 | ) | ||||
Market-based trading-related revenue |
1,051 | 859 | |||||
Credit portfolio hedges (3) |
75 | (15 | ) | ||||
Total trading-related revenue (1) |
$ | 1,126 | $ | 844 | |||
(1) | Trading Account Profits for the Corporation were $760 million and $3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. The difference for the three months ended March 31, 2004 relates to the impact of the valuation of the Certificates. Total trading-related revenue for the Corporation was $1.2 billion and $580 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, and was impacted by MSRs in a similar manner as Trading Account Profits for the three months ended March 31, 2004. |
(2) | Does not include commissions from equity transactions which were $189 million and $172 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. |
(3) | Includes credit default swaps and related products used for credit risk management. |
Market-based trading-related revenue increased by $192 million, or 22 percent. Interest rate revenues increased $60 million, or 36 percent, due to increased sales volume related to client activity. Trading-related equities revenue increased $151 million, to $148 million. Including commissions on equity transactions, trading-related equities revenue increased $168 million, to $337 million. The overall increase in trading-related equities revenue was driven by net losses on a retained stock position that occurred in the first quarter of 2004. Foreign exchange revenue increased $8 million, or four percent, due to continued volatility of the dollar and increased customer activity. Commodities revenue increased $23 million due to losses from gas and jet fuel prices that negatively impacted the three months ended March 31, 2004. Partially offsetting these increases was a decline in fixed income. Fixed income decreased $50 million, or 10 percent, and was negatively impacted by overall general spread tightening, increased volatility in certain industries and lack of investor demand.
Total trading-related revenues also included the net gains associated with credit portfolio hedges of $75 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005, an improvement of $90 million from the same period in 2004. The improvement was primarily due to widening spreads on credit default swaps in certain industries during the first quarter of 2005 compared to the same period in 2004.
Equity Investment Gains increased $108 million, to $116 million, primarily as a result of the sale of securities received in a debt for equity exchange.
48
The following table presents the detail of Investment Banking Income within the segment.
Investment Banking Income
Three Months Ended March 31 | ||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 | ||||
Securities underwriting |
$ | 157 | $ | 217 | ||
Syndications |
112 | 79 | ||||
Advisory services |
75 | 77 | ||||
Other |
6 | 8 | ||||
Total investment banking income (1) |
$ | 350 | $ | 381 | ||
(1) | Investment Banking Income recorded in other business units for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 was $16 million and $23 million. |
Investment Banking Income decreased $31 million, or eight percent, due primarily to a $60 million decline in securities underwriting as the overall market and fee pool shrank along with a decline in private placement activity. This decrease was partially offset by a $33 million increase in syndications.
The Provision for Credit Losses of negative $97 million was relatively unchanged compared to the same period in 2004, despite the addition of the FleetBoston portfolio. Net recoveries of $43 million were experienced in the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to net charge-offs of $89 million for the same period of 2004, a reduction of $132 million. Offsetting the reduction was less dramatic improvement in credit quality in the first quarter of 2005 than was experienced in the first quarter of 2004. For more information, see Credit Risk Management beginning on page 58.
Noninterest Expense increased $85 million, or five percent, to $1.6 billion. Impacting Noninterest Expense was higher Personnel and Data Processing costs, including costs associated with the strategic initiative, partially offset by lower Other General Operating expenses due to the segments share of the mutual fund settlement recorded in 2004.
Global Wealth and Investment Management
This segment provides tailored investment services to individual and institutional clients in various stages and economic cycles. Our clients are offered specific products and services based on their needs through five major businesses: Premier Banking, Banc of America Investments (BAI), The Private Bank, Columbia Management Group (CMG) and Other Services.
Premier Banking joins with BAI, our full-service retail brokerage business, to bring together personalized banking and investment expertise through priority service with client-dedicated teams. These teams provide comprehensive advice, cash management strategies, and customized investment and financial planning solutions for affluent clients. Affluent clients have a personal wealth profile that includes investable assets plus a mortgage that exceeds $250,000 or they have at least $100,000 of investable assets.
BAI is the third largest bank-owned brokerage company in the U.S. with over $160.5 billion in client assets. BAI serves approximately 1.3 million accounts through a network of over 2,000 financial advisors throughout the U.S.
The Private Bank provides integrated wealth management solutions to high-net-worth individuals, mid-market institutions and charitable organizations with investable assets greater than $3 million. Services include investment, trust, banking and lending services.
In 2004, we announced a new business designed to serve the needs of ultra high-net-worth individuals and families. This business has been named Family Wealth Advisors (FWA) at The Private Bank. This new business will provide a higher level of contact and tailored service and wealth management solutions that address the complex needs of clients with investable assets greater than $50 million. This business was rolled out during the first quarter of 2005.
49
CMG is an asset management organization primarily serving the needs of institutional customers. CMG provides asset management services, liquidity strategies and separate accounts. CMG also provides mutual funds offering a full range of investment styles across an array of products including equities, fixed income (taxable and nontaxable) and cash products. In addition to servicing of institutional clients, CMG distributes its products and services to individuals through The Private Bank, BAI, FWA and nonproprietary channels including other brokerage firms.
Other Services include the Investment Services Group, which provides products and services from traditional capital markets products to alternative investments and Banc of America Specialist, a New York Stock Exchange market-maker.
Global Wealth and Investment Management
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Net interest income (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
$ | 941 | $ | 600 | ||||
Noninterest income |
853 | 501 | ||||||
Total revenue |
1,794 | 1,101 | ||||||
Provision for credit losses |
2 | (9 | ) | |||||
Noninterest expense |
902 | 721 | ||||||
Income before income taxes |
890 | 389 | ||||||
Income tax expense |
314 | 143 | ||||||
Net income |
$ | 576 | $ | 246 | ||||
Shareholder value added |
$ | 328 | $ | 127 | ||||
Net interest yield (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
3.28 | % | 3.63 | % | ||||
Return on average equity |
23.74 | 21.78 | ||||||
Efficiency ratio (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
50.31 | 65.38 | ||||||
Average: |
||||||||
Total loans and leases |
$ | 50,759 | $ | 38,442 | ||||
Total assets |
123,867 | 69,889 | ||||||
Total deposits |
114,098 | 64,471 | ||||||
Common equity/Allocated equity |
9,837 | 4,551 | ||||||
Period end: |
||||||||
Total loans and leases |
51,766 | 38,769 | ||||||
Total assets |
127,831 | 73,867 | ||||||
Total deposits |
117,561 | 67,992 |
Total Revenue for Global Wealth and Investment Management increased $693 million, or 63 percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. The Provision for Credit Losses was $2 million in the first quarter of 2005 compared to negative $9 million in the first quarter of 2004. Total Noninterest Expense increased 25 percent to $902 million. Net Income increased $330 million to $576 million. SVA increased $201 million to $328 million, as the increase in cash basis earnings was partially offset by the increase in the capital allocation that resulted from the Merger.
Net Interest Income increased 57 percent to $941 million due to growth in loans and deposits in both Premier Banking and The Private Bank, and the addition of FleetBoston earning assets to the portfolio. Net results of ALM activities also drove the increase. Average Deposits increased $49.6 billion, or 77 percent, due to migration of account balances from Consumer Banking to Premier Banking, the impact of the Merger, as well as organic growth in both Premier Banking and The Private Bank. Average Loans and Leases increased $12.3 billion, or 32 percent, due to the inclusion of the FleetBoston Loans and Leases, and increased loan activity in both Premier Banking and The Private Bank.
Noninterest Income consists primarily of Investment and Brokerage Services, which represents fees earned on client assets, as well as brokerage commissions and trailer fees. Investment and Brokerage Services revenue increased $328 million, or 75 percent, to $763 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the
50
same period in 2004. The increase in Investment and Brokerage Services was primarily driven by the increase in assets under management due to the impact of FleetBoston, as well as a slight shift in product mix with an increase in weighting to equities and fixed income and a decrease in weighting to money market products.
Client Assets
(Dollars in billions) |
March 31 2005 |
December 31 2004 | ||||
Assets under management |
$ | 433.4 | $ | 451.5 | ||
Client brokerage assets |
150.7 | 149.9 | ||||
Assets in custody |
100.8 | 107.0 | ||||
Total client assets |
$ | 684.9 | $ | 708.4 | ||
Assets under management generate fees based on a percentage of their market value. They consist largely of mutual funds and separate accounts, which are comprised of money market products, equities, and taxable and nontaxable fixed income securities. At March 31, 2005 compared to December 31, 2004, assets under management decreased $18.1 billion, or four percent, driven by a $9.8 billion decrease due to market valuations, $4.0 billion in net outflows consisting primarily of outflows in short-term money market funds and fixed income offset by inflows in equity products, and a $4.3 billion adjustment to reclassify assets to assets in custody. Client brokerage assets, a source of commission revenue, were relatively unchanged at $150.7 billion at March 31, 2005 compared to $149.9 billion at December 31, 2004. Client brokerage assets consist largely of investments in annuities, money market mutual funds, bonds and equities. Assets in custody decreased $6.2 billion, or 6 percent, primarily due to a decrease from adjustments, market depreciation and outflows of assets in custody, offset by the reclassification from assets under management. Assets in custody represent trust assets administered for customers. Trust assets encompass a broad range of asset types including real estate, private company ownership interest, personal property and investments.
Noninterest Expense increased $181 million, or 25 percent, primarily due to an increase in Personnel Expense reflecting the addition of 670 client managers in Premier Banking, and increased incentives in The Private Bank and BAI due to increased sales and changes to payout schedules. This increase was partially offset by lower Other General Operating expenses due to the segments share of the mutual fund settlement recorded in 2004.
All Other
Included in All Other are our Equity Investments businesses, and Other.
Equity Investments include Principal Investing and other corporate investments. Principal Investing is comprised of a diversified portfolio of investments in privately-held and publicly-traded companies at all stages of their lifecycle from start-up to buyout.
Other includes Noninterest Income and Expense amounts associated with the ALM process (including Gains on Sales of Debt Securities), the allowance for credit losses process residual, the residual impact of allocation methodologies, Merger and Restructuring Charges, intersegment eliminations, and the results of certain consumer finance and commercial lending businesses that are being liquidated.
51
All Other
Three Months Ended March 31 |
|||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
|||||
Net interest income (fully taxable-equivalent basis) |
$ | 26 | $ | 108 | |||
Noninterest income |
74 | 25 | |||||
Total revenue |
100 | 133 | |||||
Provision for credit losses |
18 | 212 | |||||
Gains on sales of debt securities |
629 | 501 | |||||
Merger and restructuring charges |
112 | | |||||
Noninterest expense |
90 | (22 | ) | ||||
Income before income taxes |
509 | 444 | |||||
Income tax expense |
130 | 114 | |||||
Net income |
$ | 379 | $ | 330 | |||
Shareholder value added |
$ | 24 | $ | (76 | ) | ||
Equity Investments
Equity Investments reported Net Income of $98 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005, a $127 million improvement compared to a loss of $29 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004. Total Revenue increased $204 million to $184 million. The improvements were primarily due to higher gains in Principal Investing driven by increasing liquidity in the private equity markets. SVA increased by $89 million, to $5 million, due to the improvement in the results.
The following table presents the carrying value of equity investments in the Principal Investing portfolio by major industry at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004:
Equity Investments in the Principal Investing Portfolio
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31 2005 |
December 31 2004 | ||||
Consumer discretionary |
$ | 1,875 | $ | 2,058 | ||
Information technology |
1,112 | 1,089 | ||||
Industrials |
1,108 | 1,118 | ||||
Telecommunication services |
771 | 769 | ||||
Healthcare |
568 | 576 | ||||
Financials |
556 | 606 | ||||
Materials |
386 | 421 | ||||
Consumer staples |
223 | 230 | ||||
Real estate |
217 | 229 | ||||
Energy |
80 | 81 | ||||
Individual trusts, nonprofits, government |
44 | 49 | ||||
Utilities |
25 | 24 | ||||
Total |
$ | 6,965 | $ | 7,250 | ||
Noninterest Income within the Principal Investing portfolio primarily consists of Equity Investment Gains (Losses), which increased $228 million to $217 million. Cash gains increased by $191 million to $292 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004 and impairments improved by $19 million to $80 million. Also contributing to the improvement was an increase of $18 million in net fair value adjustments.
52
Other
Other recorded $281 million of Net Income for the three months ended March 31, 2005, compared to $359 million for the same period in 2004. Total Revenue decreased $236 million to a negative $84 million. The decrease was the result of an $83 million decrease in Net Interest Income, from $144 million to $61 million, primarily caused by a reduction of capital in Other, as more capital has been deployed to the business segments, due to the continued runoff of previously exited businesses. The revenue decrease was also caused by the $153 million decline in Noninterest Income. Gains on Sales of Debt Securities increased $128 million to $629 million as we continue to reposition the ALM portfolio in response to interest rate fluctuations and to manage mortgage prepayment risk. Provision for Credit Losses decreased $194 million resulting from changes to components of the formula and other factors effective in 2004 and reduced credit costs associated with previously exited businesses. Noninterest Expense increased $218 million to $170 million primarily driven by an increase in Personnel Expense of $274 million and Merger and Restructuring Charges of $112 million partially offset by costs allocated to the segments. For more information on Merger and Restructuring Charges, see Note 2 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Managing Risk
Our management governance structure enables us to manage all major aspects of our business through an integrated planning and review process that includes strategic, financial, associate, and risk planning. We derive much of our revenue from managing risk from customer transactions for profit. In addition to qualitative factors, we utilize quantitative measures to optimize risk and reward trade offs in order to achieve growth targets and financial objectives while reducing the variability of earnings and minimizing unexpected losses. Risk metrics that allow us to measure performance include economic capital targets, shareholder value added targets and corporate risk limits. By allocating capital to a business unit, we effectively define that units ability to take on risk. Country, trading, asset allocation and other limits supplement the allocation of economic capital. These limits are based on an analysis of risk and reward in each business unit and management is responsible for tracking and reporting performance measurements as well as any exceptions to guidelines or limits. Risk management continually evaluates risk and appropriate metrics need to measure it. Our business exposes us to the following major risks: strategic, liquidity, credit, market, and operational. For more detailed discussion of our risk management activities, see pages 51 and 52 of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report.
Strategic Risk Management
The Board provides oversight for strategic risk through the CEO and the Finance Committee. We use an integrated business planning process to help manage strategic risk. A key component of the planning process aligns strategies, goals, tactics and resources. The process begins with an assessment that creates a plan for the Corporation, setting the corporate strategic direction. The planning process then cascades through the business units, creating business unit plans that are aligned with the Corporations direction. Tactics and metrics are monitored to ensure adherence to the plans. As part of this monitoring, business units perform a quarterly self-assessment further described in the Operational Risk Management section beginning on page 80. This assessment looks at changing market and business conditions, and the overall risk in meeting objectives. Corporate Audit in turn monitors, and independently reviews and evaluates, the plans and self-assessments.
One of the key tools for managing strategic risk is capital allocation. Through allocating capital, we effectively manage each business segments ability to take on risk. Review and approval of business plans incorporates approval of capital allocation, and economic capital usage is monitored through financial and risk reporting.
Liquidity Risk Management
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity is the ongoing ability to accommodate liability maturities and deposit withdrawals, fund asset growth and business operations, and meet contractual obligations through unconstrained access to funding at reasonable market rates. Liquidity management involves forecasting funding requirements and maintaining sufficient capacity to meet the needs and accommodate fluctuations in asset and liability levels due to changes in our business operations or unanticipated events. A more detailed discussion of our liquidity risk is included in the Corporations 2004 Annual Report on pages 52 through 58.
One ratio used to monitor the stability of our funding composition is the loan to domestic deposit (LTD) ratio. This ratio reflects the percent of Loans and Leases that are funded by domestic customer deposits, a relatively stable
53
funding source. A ratio below 100 percent indicates that our loan portfolio is completely funded by domestic customer deposits. The ratio was 93 percent at both March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. For further discussion, see Deposits and Other Funding Sources below.
We originate loans both for retention on our balance sheet and for distribution. As part of our originate to distribute strategy, commercial loan originations are distributed through syndication structures, and residential mortgages originated by Consumer Real Estate are frequently distributed in the secondary market. In connection with our balance sheet management activities, we may retain mortgage loans originated as well as purchase and sell loans based on our assessment of market conditions.
On March 31, 2005, Bank of America Corporation filed a shelf registration statement to issue up to $5.0 billion in junior subordinated notes and corresponding capital securities issued by various trusts for ongoing capital management.
Deposits and Other Funding Sources
Deposits are a key source of funding. Table 4 on page 35 provides information on the average amounts of deposits and the rates paid by deposit category. Average Deposits increased $202.3 billion to $627.4 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2004 due to a $136.3 billion increase in average domestic interest-bearing deposits, a $51.0 billion increase in average noninterest-bearing deposits and a $15.0 billion increase in average foreign interest-bearing deposits. We categorize our deposits into either core or market-based deposits. Core deposits, which are generally customer-based, are an important stable, low-cost funding source and typically react more slowly to interest rate changes than market-based deposits. Core deposits exclude negotiable CDs, public funds, other domestic time deposits and foreign interest-bearing deposits. Average core deposits increased $183.0 billion to $557.4 billion, a 49 percent increase from a year ago. The increase was distributed between NOW and money market deposits, noninterest-bearing deposits, consumer CDs and IRAs, and savings. Average market-based deposit funding increased $19.3 billion to $70.0 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. The increase was due to a $15.0 billion increase in foreign interest-bearing deposits and a $4.3 billion increase in negotiable CDs, public funds and other domestic time deposits. Deposits, on average, represented 52 percent and 51 percent of total sources of funds for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
Additional sources of funds include short-term borrowings, Long-term Debt and Shareholders Equity. Average short-term borrowings, a relatively low-cost source of funds, were up $80.6 billion to $276.5 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004 due to increases in securities sold under agreements to repurchase of $48.4 billion, notes payable of $13.2 billion, other short-term borrowings of $11.0 billion, commercial paper of $7.7 billion and federal funds purchased of $252 million that were used to fund asset growth or facilitate trading activities. Issuances and repayments of Long-term Debt were $4.8 billion and $2.7 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005.
Obligations and Commitments
We have contractual obligations to make future payments on debt and lease agreements. Additionally, in the normal course of business, we enter into contractual arrangements whereby we commit to future purchases of products or services from unaffiliated parties. These obligations are more fully discussed in Note 9 of the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes 11 and 12 of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report.
Many of our lending relationships contain both funded and unfunded elements. The funded portion is reflected on our balance sheet. The unfunded component of these commitments is not recorded on our balance sheet until a draw is made under the loan facility. These commitments, as well as guarantees, are more fully discussed in Note 9 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
54
The following table summarizes the total unfunded, or off-balance sheet, credit extension commitment amounts by expiration date. At March 31, 2005, charge cards (nonrevolving card lines) to individuals and government entities guaranteed by the U.S. government in the amount of $11.2 billion (related outstandings of $224 million) were not included in credit card line commitments in the table below.
Table 5
Credit Extension Commitments
March 31, 2005 | |||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Expires in or less |
Thereafter |
Total | ||||||
Loan commitments(1) |
$ | 108,753 | $ | 137,096 | $ | 245,849 | |||
Home equity lines of credit |
877 | 63,934 | 64,811 | ||||||
Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees |
25,081 | 16,921 | 42,002 | ||||||
Commercial letters of credit |
4,269 | 308 | 4,577 | ||||||
Legally binding commitments |
138,980 | 218,259 | 357,239 | ||||||
Credit card lines |
163,509 | 7,896 | 171,405 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 302,489 | $ | 226,155 | $ | 528,644 | |||
(1) | Equity commitments of $1.9 billion related to obligations to fund existing equity investments were included in loan commitments at March 31, 2005. |
On- and Off-balance Sheet Financing Entities
Off-balance Sheet Commercial Paper Conduits
In addition to traditional lending, we also support our customers financing needs by facilitating their access to the commercial paper markets. These markets provide an attractive, lower-cost financing alternative for our customers. Our customers sell assets, such as high-grade trade or other receivables or leases, to a commercial paper financing entity, which in turn issues high-grade short-term commercial paper that is collateralized by the assets sold. The purpose and use of these types of entities are more fully discussed in the Corporations 2004 Annual Report on page 56.
We receive fees for providing combinations of liquidity, standby letters of credit (SBLCs) or similar loss protection commitments, and derivatives to the commercial paper financing entities. We manage our credit risk on these commitments by subjecting them to our normal underwriting and risk management processes. At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, we had off-balance sheet liquidity commitments and SBLCs to these entities of $22.7 billion and $23.8 billion. Substantially all of these liquidity commitments and SBLCs mature within one year. These amounts are included in Table 5. Net revenues earned from fees associated with these off-balance sheet financing entities were approximately $16 million and $20 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
On-balance Sheet Commercial Paper Conduits
In addition to the off-balance sheet financing entities previously described, we also utilize commercial paper conduits that have been consolidated based on our determination that we are the primary beneficiary of the entities in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation No. 46 (Revised December 2003), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretation of ARB No. 51 (FIN 46R), which is an update of FASB Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretation of ABR No. 51. At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the consolidated assets and liabilities of these conduits were reflected in AFS Securities, Other Assets, and Commercial Paper and Other Short-term Borrowings in the Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking business segment. At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, we held $7.5 billion and $7.7 billion of assets of these entities while our maximum loss exposure associated with these entities, including unfunded lending commitments, was approximately $8.7 billion and $9.4 billion.
55
Qualified Special Purpose Entities
In addition, to control our capital position, diversify funding sources and provide customers with commercial paper investments, we will, from time to time, sell assets to off-balance sheet commercial paper entities. The commercial paper entities are Qualified Special Purpose Entities (QSPEs) that have been isolated beyond our reach or that of our creditors, even in the event of bankruptcy or other receivership. The purpose and use of these types of entities are more fully discussed in the Corporations 2004 Annual Report on page 57.
We may provide liquidity, SBLCs or similar loss protection commitments to the entity, or we may enter into derivatives with the entity in which we assume certain risks. We manage any credit or market risk on commitments or derivatives through normal underwriting and risk management processes. At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, we had off-balance sheet liquidity commitments, SBLCs and other financial guarantees to the entities of $7.2 billion and $7.4 billion. Substantially all of these commitments mature within one year. These amounts are included in Table 5. Derivative activity related to these entities is included in Note 4 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Net revenues earned from fees associated with these entities were $16 million and $6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
Credit and Liquidity Risks
Because we provide liquidity and credit support to the commercial paper conduits and QSPEs described above, our credit ratings and changes thereto will affect the borrowing cost and liquidity of these entities. In addition, significant changes in counterparty asset valuation and credit standing may also affect the liquidity of the commercial paper issuance. Disruption in the commercial paper markets may result in our having to fund under these commitments and SBLCs discussed above. We seek to manage these risks, along with all other credit and liquidity risks, within our policies and practices. See Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of off-balance sheet financing entities.
Other Off-balance Sheet Financing Entities
To improve our capital position and diversify funding sources, we also sell assets, primarily loans, to other off-balance sheet QSPEs that obtain financing primarily by issuing term notes. We may retain a portion of the investment grade notes issued by these entities, and we may also retain subordinated interests in the entities which reduce the credit risk of the senior investors. We may provide liquidity support in the form of foreign exchange or interest rate swaps. We generally do not provide other forms of credit support to these entities. In addition to the above, we had significant involvement with variable interest entities (VIEs) other than the commercial paper conduits. These VIEs were not consolidated because we will not absorb a majority of the expected losses or expected residual returns and are therefore not the primary beneficiary of the VIEs. These entities are described more fully in Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Capital Management
The final component of liquidity risk is capital management, which focuses on the level of Shareholders Equity. Shareholders Equity was $98.5 billion at March 31, 2005, a decrease of $1.1 billion from December 31, 2004. This decrease was driven by net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt and marketable equity securities and derivatives of $1.5 billion and $1.4 billion, dividends paid of $1.8 billion and common share repurchases of $2.0 billion, offset by Net Income of $4.7 billion and Common Stock Issued Under Employee Plans and Related Tax Benefits of $1.0 billion. For additional information on common share repurchases, see Note 10 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. We will continue to repurchase shares, from time to time, in the open market or in private transactions through our approved repurchase plans.
As part of the SVA calculation, equity is allocated to business units based on an assessment of risk. The allocated amount of capital varies according to the risk characteristics of the individual business segments and the products they offer. Capital is allocated separately based on the following types of risk: credit, market and operational. Average common equity allocated to business units was $82.6 billion and $33.7 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. The increase in average allocated common equity was primarily due to the Merger. Average unallocated common equity (not allocated to business units) was $15.9 billion and $14.9 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
56
As a regulated financial services company, we are governed by certain regulatory capital requirements. Presented in Table 6 are the regulatory capital ratios, actual capital amounts and minimum required capital amounts for the Corporation, Bank of America, National Association (Bank of America, N.A.), Fleet National Bank and Bank of America, N.A. (USA) at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. As of March 31, 2005, we were classified as well-capitalized for regulatory purposes, the highest classification. For additional information on the regulatory capital ratios along with a description of the components of risk-based capital, capital adequacy requirements and prompt corrective action provisions, see Note 14 of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report.
The capital treatment of trust preferred securities (Trust Securities) was under review by the FRB due to the issuing trust companies being deconsolidated under FIN 46R. On March 1, 2005, the FRB issued Risk-Based Capital Standards: Trust Preferred Securities and the Definition of Capital (the Final Rule) which allows Trust Securities to continue to qualify as Tier 1 Capital with revised quantitative limits that would be effective after a five-year transition period. As a result, we will continue to report Trust Securities in Tier 1 Capital.
The FRBs Final Rule limits restricted core capital elements to 15 percent for internationally active bank holding companies. Internationally active bank holding companies are those with consolidated assets greater than $250 billion or on-balance sheet exposure greater than $10 billion. As of March 31, 2005, our restricted core capital elements comprised 15.8 percent of total core capital elements. We expect to be fully compliant with the revised limits prior to the implementation date of March 31, 2009. In addition, the FRB revised the qualitative standards for capital instruments included in regulatory capital. The revised quantitative limits and qualitative standards did not have a material impact to our current Tier 1 Capital.
Table 6
Regulatory Capital
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||
Actual |
Minimum Required(1) |
Actual |
Minimum Required(1) | |||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Ratio |
Amount |
Ratio |
Amount |
||||||||||||||
Risk-based capital |
||||||||||||||||||
Tier 1 |
||||||||||||||||||
Bank of America Corporation |
8.20 | % | $ | 67,127 | $ | 32,727 | 8.10 | % | $ | 64,281 | $ | 31,741 | ||||||
Bank of America, N.A. |
8.80 | 52,165 | 23,712 | 8.29 | 46,891 | 22,630 | ||||||||||||
Fleet National Bank |
9.39 | 12,526 | 5,336 | 10.10 | 14,741 | 5,837 | ||||||||||||
Bank of America, N.A. (USA) |
11.98 | 6,719 | 2,244 | 8.54 | 3,879 | 1,817 | ||||||||||||
Total |
||||||||||||||||||
Bank of America Corporation |
11.46 | 93,774 | 65,454 | 11.63 | 92,266 | 63,482 | ||||||||||||
Bank of America, N.A. |
10.73 | 63,610 | 47,424 | 10.33 | 58,424 | 45,259 | ||||||||||||
Fleet National Bank |
12.63 | 16,852 | 10,671 | 13.32 | 19,430 | 11,673 | ||||||||||||
Bank of America, N.A. (USA) |
15.01 | 8,419 | 4,488 | 11.93 | 5,418 | 3,634 | ||||||||||||
Leverage |
||||||||||||||||||
Bank of America Corporation |
5.82 | 67,127 | 34,593 | 5.82 | 64,281 | 33,142 | ||||||||||||
Bank of America, N.A. |
6.54 | 52,165 | 23,942 | 6.27 | 46,891 | 22,445 | ||||||||||||
Fleet National Bank |
7.15 | 12,526 | 5,254 | 8.15 | 14,741 | 5,427 | ||||||||||||
Bank of America, N.A. (USA) |
12.72 | 6,719 | 1,584 | 9.19 | 3,879 | 1,266 |
(1) | Dollar amount required to meet guidelines for adequately capitalized institutions. |
57
Credit Risk Management
Credit risk is the risk of loss arising from a borrowers or counterpartys inability to meet its obligations. Credit risk can also arise from operational failures that result in an advance, commitment or investment of funds. Credit risk exists in our outstanding loans and leases, derivatives, trading account assets and unfunded lending commitments that include loan commitments, letters of credit and financial guarantees. We define the credit exposure to a borrower or counterparty as the loss potential arising from all product classifications, including loans and leases, standby letters of credit and financial guarantees, derivative and trading account assets, assets held-for-sale and commercial letters of credit. For derivative positions, we use the current mark-to-market value to represent credit exposure without giving consideration to future mark-to-market changes. Our consumer and commercial credit extension and review procedures take into account credit exposures that are both funded and unfunded. For additional information on derivatives and credit extension commitments, see Notes 4 and 9 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
We manage credit risk based on the risk profile of the borrower or counterparty, repayment sources, the nature of underlying collateral, and other support given current events and conditions. We classify our Loans and Leases as either consumer or commercial and monitor their credit risk separately as discussed below.
Consumer Portfolio Credit Risk Management
For a detailed discussion of our consumer portfolio credit risk management process, see page 58 of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report.
Table 7 presents outstanding consumer loans and leases at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
Table 7
Outstanding Consumer Loans and Leases
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 |
|||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Amount |
Percent |
Amount |
Percent |
||||||||
Residential mortgage |
$ | 178,978 | 53.8 | % | $ | 178,103 | 54.3 | % | ||||
Credit card |
51,012 | 15.3 | 51,726 | 15.8 | ||||||||
Home equity lines |
52,891 | 15.9 | 50,126 | 15.3 | ||||||||
Direct/Indirect consumer |
42,694 | 12.8 | 40,513 | 12.3 | ||||||||
Other consumer(1) |
7,167 | 2.2 | 7,439 | 2.3 | ||||||||
Total consumer loans and leases |
$ | 332,742 | 100.0 | % | $ | 327,907 | 100.0 | % | ||||
(1) | Includes consumer finance of $3,288 million and $3,395 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004; foreign consumer of $3,549 million and $3,563 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004; and consumer lease financing of $330 million and $481 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. |
Concentrations of Consumer Credit Risk
Our consumer credit risk is diversified through our geographic span, diversity of our franchise and our product offerings. In addition, credit decisions are statistically based with tolerances set to decrease the percentage of approvals as the risk profile increases.
From time to time, we purchase credit protection on certain portions of our consumer portfolio. Beginning in 2003, we entered into several transactions to purchase credit protection on a portion of our residential mortgage loan portfolio. These transactions are designed to enhance our overall risk management strategy. In 2004, we entered into a similar transaction for a portion of our indirect automobile loan portfolio. At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, approximately $93.7 billion and $88.7 billion of residential mortgage and indirect automobile loans were credit protected. Our regulatory risk-weighted assets were reduced as a result of these transactions because we transferred a portion of our credit risk to unaffiliated parties. These transactions had the cumulative effect of reducing our risk-weighted assets by $26.5 billion and $25.5 billion at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, and resulted in 27 bp and 26 bp increases in our Tier 1 Capital ratio at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
58
During the first quarter of 2005, we purchased $1.0 billion of prime consumer indirect auto loans, which were recorded in direct/indirect consumer loans on the balance sheet.
Consumer Portfolio Credit Quality Performance
Performance in the consumer portfolio remained strong in the three months ended March 31, 2005, except for an increase in credit card net charge-offs. The increase was a result of the FleetBoston acquisition, organic credit card portfolio growth and seasoning, the return of previously securitized loans to the balance sheet in 2004, and increases in credit card minimum payment requirements as compared to the same period in 2004.
Credit card loans are charged off at 180 days past due or 60 days from notification of bankruptcy filing and are not classified as nonperforming. Unsecured consumer loans and deficiencies in non-real estate secured loans and leases are charged off at 120 days past due and are not classified as nonperforming. Real estate secured consumer loans are placed on nonaccrual and are classified as nonperforming at 90 days past due. The amount deemed uncollectible on real estate secured loans is charged off at 180 days past due.
Table 8 presents consumer net charge-offs and net charge-off ratios during the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
Table 8
Consumer Net Charge-offs and Net Charge-off Ratios(1)
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Amount |
Percent |
Amount |
Percent |
||||||||
Residential mortgage |
$ | 4 | 0.01 | % | $ | 11 | 0.03 | % | ||||
Credit card |
740 | 5.85 | 443 | 5.05 | ||||||||
Home equity lines |
6 | 0.05 | 4 | 0.07 | ||||||||
Direct/Indirect consumer |
61 | 0.60 | 48 | 0.56 | ||||||||
Other consumer |
56 | 3.12 | 57 | 3.07 | ||||||||
Total consumer |
$ | 867 | 1.07 | % | $ | 563 | 0.93 | % | ||||
(1) | Percentage amounts are calculated as net charge-offs divided by average outstanding loans and leases during the period for each loan category. |
On-balance-sheet credit card net charge-offs increased $297 million to $740 million in the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004, of which $139 million was attributed to the addition of the FleetBoston credit card portfolio. The increase in credit card net charge-offs also reflects the impact of credit card portfolio growth and seasoning, the return of previously securitized loans to the balance sheet in 2004, and increases effective in 2004 in credit card minimum payment requirements. The increase in the credit card net charge-off ratio is primarily driven by the addition of the FleetBoston portfolio and increases in credit card minimum payment requirements.
59
As presented in Table 9, nonperforming consumer assets decreased $21 million to $786 million at March 31, 2005. The decrease was due primarily to the $17 million decline in nonperforming consumer loans and leases to $721 million, representing 0.22 percent of consumer loans and leases at March 31, 2005 compared to $738 million, representing 0.23 percent of consumer loans and leases at December 31, 2004. The decrease in nonperforming consumer loans and leases was driven by the continued strength in consumer credit quality in the first quarter of 2005. Loan growth in residential mortgage, home equity lines and direct/indirect consumer combined with the decline in consumer nonperforming assets resulted in a slight improvement in the nonperforming ratios.
Table 9
Nonperforming Consumer Assets
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31 2005 |
December 31 2004 |
||||||
Nonperforming consumer loans and leases |
||||||||
Residential mortgage |
$ | 536 | $ | 554 | ||||
Home equity lines |
70 | 66 | ||||||
Direct/Indirect consumer |
32 | 33 | ||||||
Other consumer |
83 | 85 | ||||||
Total nonperforming consumer loans and leases |
721 | 738 | ||||||
Consumer foreclosed properties |
65 | 69 | ||||||
Total nonperforming consumer assets (1) |
$ | 786 | $ | 807 | ||||
Nonperforming consumer loans and leases as a percentage of outstanding consumer loans and leases |
0.22 | % | 0.23 | % | ||||
Nonperforming consumer assets as a percentage of outstanding consumer loans, leases and foreclosed properties |
0.24 | 0.25 |
(1) | Balances do not include $22 million and $28 million of nonperforming consumer loans held-for-sale, included in Other Assets, at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. |
60
Table 10 presents the additions and reductions to nonperforming assets in the consumer portfolio during the most recent five quarters.
Table 10
Nonperforming Consumer Assets Activity
(Dollars in millions) |
First Quarter 2005 |
Fourth Quarter 2004 |
Third Quarter 2004 |
Second Quarter 2004 |
First Quarter 2004 |
|||||||||||||||
Nonperforming loans and leases, and foreclosed properties |
||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 807 | $ | 777 | $ | 798 | $ | 700 | $ | 719 | ||||||||||
Additions to nonperforming assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||
FleetBoston balance, April 1, 2004 |
| | | 127 | | |||||||||||||||
New nonaccrual loans and leases, and foreclosed properties |
256 | 397 | 355 | 367 | 357 | |||||||||||||||
Transfers from (to) assets held-for-sale |
(1 | ) | | | | 1 | ||||||||||||||
Total additions |
255 | 397 | 355 | 494 | 358 | |||||||||||||||
Reductions in nonperforming assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Paydowns and payoffs |
(79 | ) | (113 | ) | (96 | ) | (118 | ) | (49 | ) | ||||||||||
Sales |
(24 | ) | (43 | ) | (58 | ) | (60 | ) | (58 | ) | ||||||||||
Returns to performing status (1) |
(142 | ) | (183 | ) | (194 | ) | (185 | ) | (231 | ) | ||||||||||
Charge-offs(2) |
(31 | ) | (28 | ) | (28 | ) | (33 | ) | (39 | ) | ||||||||||
Total reductions |
(276 | ) | (367 | ) | (376 | ) | (396 | ) | (377 | ) | ||||||||||
Total net additions to (reductions in) nonperforming assets |
(21 | ) | 30 | (21 | ) | 98 | (19 | ) | ||||||||||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 786 | $ | 807 | $ | 777 | $ | 798 | $ | 700 | ||||||||||
(1) | Consumer loans are generally returned to performing status when principal or interest is less than 90 days past due. |
(2) | Consumer credit card and consumer non-real estate loans and leases are not classified as nonperforming; therefore, the charge-offs on these loans are not included above. |
Sales of nonperforming consumer foreclosed properties in the first three months of 2005 were $24 million. There were no sales of nonperforming consumer loans during the same period. Nonperforming consumer asset sales in the comparable period in 2004 totaled $58 million, comprised of $35 million of nonperforming consumer loans and $23 million of consumer foreclosed properties.
On-balance sheet consumer loans and leases past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest totaled $1.1 billion at March 31, 2005. This amount included $1.0 billion of credit card loans. At December 31, 2004, the comparable amount was $1.2 billion, which included $1.1 billion of credit card loans.
Included in Other Assets were consumer loans held-for-sale of $7.3 billion and $6.1 billion at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. Included in these balances were nonperforming consumer loans held-for-sale of $22 million and $28 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
61
Commercial Portfolio Credit Risk Management
For a detailed discussion of our commercial portfolio credit risk management process, see page 61 of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report.
Table 11 presents outstanding commercial loans and leases at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
Table 11
Outstanding Commercial Loans and Leases
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 |
|||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Amount |
Percent |
Amount |
Percent |
||||||||
Commercial - domestic |
$ | 124,779 | 63.4 | % | $ | 122,095 | 62.9 | % | ||||
Commercial real estate(1) |
33,434 | 17.0 | 32,319 | 16.7 | ||||||||
Commercial lease financing |
20,638 | 10.5 | 21,115 | 10.9 | ||||||||
Commercial - foreign |
17,873 | 9.1 | 18,401 | 9.5 | ||||||||
Total commercial loans and leases |
$ | 196,724 | 100.0 | % | $ | 193,930 | 100.0 | % | ||||
(1) | Includes domestic commercial real estate loans of $32,978 million and $31,879 million, at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004; and foreign commercial real estate loans of $456 million and $440 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. |
Concentrations of Commercial Credit Risk
Portfolio credit risk is evaluated and managed with a goal that concentrations of credit exposure do not result in undesirable levels of risk. We review, measure, and manage concentrations of credit exposure by industry, product, geography and customer relationship. Distribution of Loans and Leases by loan size is an additional measure of the portfolio risk diversification. We also review, measure, and manage commercial real estate loans by geographic location and property type. In addition, within our international portfolio, we evaluate borrowings by region and by country. Tables 12 through 14 summarize these concentrations. These activities play an important role in managing credit risk concentrations and for other risk mitigation purposes.
From the perspective of portfolio risk management, customer concentration management is most relevant in Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking. Within Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking, concentrations continue to be addressed through the underwriting and ongoing monitoring processes, the established strategy of originate to distribute and partly through the purchase of credit protection through credit derivatives. We utilize various risk mitigation tools to economically hedge our risk to certain credit counterparties. Credit derivatives are financial instruments that we purchase for protection against the deterioration of credit quality. Two widely used tools are credit default swaps and collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) in which a layer of loss is sold to third parties. Earnings volatility increases due to accounting asymmetry as we mark to market the credit default swaps, as required by SFAS 133, and CLOs through Trading Account Profits, while the loans are recorded at historical cost less allowance for credit losses or, if held-for-sale, the lower of cost or market. At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, we had $17.4 billion and $13.1 billion of credit default swaps in our credit derivatives portfolio. There were no outstanding CLOs at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. The total cost of the premium of the credit derivatives portfolio was $34 million and $12 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, our credit portfolio hedges, including the positive impact of mark-to-market, resulted in net gains of $75 million compared to net losses of $15 million for the same period in 2004. Gains this quarter resulted primarily from the widening of spreads in certain industries where we held larger hedge positions compared to the first quarter of 2004.
62
Table 12 shows commercial utilized credit exposure by industry based on Standard & Poors industry classifications and includes commercial loans and leases, SBLCs and financial guarantees, derivatives, assets held-for-sale and commercial letters of credit. These amounts exclude the impact of our credit hedging activities. As shown in the following table, commercial utilized credit exposure is diversified across a range of industries.
Table 12
Commercial Utilized Credit Exposure by Industry(1)
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 | ||||
Real estate (2) |
$ | 37,915 | $ | 36,672 | ||
Diversified financials |
25,117 | 25,932 | ||||
Banks |
24,822 | 25,265 | ||||
Retailing |
23,800 | 23,149 | ||||
Education and government |
18,009 | 17,429 | ||||
Individuals and trusts |
16,312 | 16,110 | ||||
Materials |
14,302 | 14,123 | ||||
Consumer durables and apparel |
14,028 | 13,427 | ||||
Capital goods |
13,117 | 12,633 | ||||
Transportation |
12,931 | 13,234 | ||||
Leisure and sports, hotels and restaurants |
12,824 | 13,331 | ||||
Healthcare equipment and services |
12,151 | 12,643 | ||||
Commercial services and supplies |
11,973 | 11,944 | ||||
Food, beverage and tobacco |
11,154 | 11,687 | ||||
Energy |
9,306 | 7,579 | ||||
Religious and social organizations |
5,866 | 5,710 | ||||
Media |
5,715 | 6,232 | ||||
Utilities |
5,312 | 5,615 | ||||
Insurance |
5,034 | 5,851 | ||||
Telecommunication services |
3,486 | 3,030 | ||||
Technology hardware and equipment |
3,338 | 3,398 | ||||
Food and staples retailing |
3,283 | 3,610 | ||||
Software and services |
2,923 | 3,292 | ||||
Automobiles and components |
1,889 | 1,894 | ||||
Pharmaceuticals and biotechnology |
1,042 | 994 | ||||
Household and personal products |
372 | 371 | ||||
Other |
3,990 | 3,132 | ||||
Total |
$ | 300,011 | $ | 298,287 | ||
(1) | Derivative assets are reported on a mark-to-market basis and have not been reduced by the amount of collateral applied, which totaled $17.1 billion and $17.7 billion at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. |
(2) | Industries are viewed from a variety of perspectives to best isolate the perceived risks. For purposes of this table, the real estate industry is defined based upon the borrowers or counterparties primary business activity using operating cash flow and primary source of repayment as key factors. |
63
Table 13 presents outstanding commercial real estate loans by geographic region and by property type. The amounts outstanding exclude commercial loans and leases secured by owner-occupied real estate. Therefore, the amounts exclude outstanding loans and leases that were made on the general creditworthiness of the borrower for which real estate was obtained as security and for which the ultimate repayment of the credit is not dependent on the sale, lease, rental or refinancing of the real estate. As shown in the table, the commercial real estate loan portfolio is diversified in terms of geographic region and property type.
Table 13
Outstanding Commercial Real Estate Loans(1)
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 | ||||
By Geographic Region(2) | ||||||
California |
$ | 6,606 | $ | 6,293 | ||
Northeast |
6,589 | 6,700 | ||||
Florida |
3,993 | 3,562 | ||||
Southeast |
3,689 | 3,448 | ||||
Southwest |
3,228 | 3,265 | ||||
Northwest |
2,090 | 2,038 | ||||
Midwest |
1,926 | 1,860 | ||||
Midsouth |
1,454 | 1,379 | ||||
Other states |
1,401 | 1,184 | ||||
Geographically diversified |
2,002 | 2,150 | ||||
Non-U.S. |
456 | 440 | ||||
Total |
$ | 33,434 | $ | 32,319 | ||
By Property Type | ||||||
Residential |
$ | 6,693 | $ | 5,992 | ||
Office buildings |
5,301 | 5,434 | ||||
Apartments |
5,175 | 4,940 | ||||
Shopping centers/retail |
4,328 | 4,490 | ||||
Land and land development |
2,546 | 2,388 | ||||
Industrial/warehouse |
2,197 | 2,263 | ||||
Hotels/motels |
942 | 909 | ||||
Multiple use |
699 | 744 | ||||
Resorts |
234 | 252 | ||||
Other |
5,319 | 4,907 | ||||
Total |
$ | 33,434 | $ | 32,319 | ||
(1) | For purposes of this table, commercial real estate product reflects loans dependent on the sale, lease or refinance of real estate as the final source of repayment. |
(2) | Distribution is based on geographic location of collateral. Geographic regions are in the U.S. unless otherwise noted. |
Foreign Portfolio
As shown in Table 14, at March 31, 2005, foreign exposure to borrowers or counterparties in emerging markets declined by $600 million to $15.0 billion, or 16 percent of total foreign exposure, compared to $15.6 billion, or 17 percent of total foreign exposure, at December 31, 2004.
At March 31, 2005, 55 percent of the emerging markets exposure was in Latin America compared to 58 percent at December 31, 2004. The decrease in Latin America was attributable to lower exposure in Chile, Other Latin America and Argentina partially offset by increases in Mexico. The reduction in Chile was primarily due to higher local deposits offsetting local country exposures. Lower exposures in Other Latin America are attributable to the sale of assets in Peru, Colombia and Panama, as well as lower securities trading exposure in Venezuela. In Argentina, the decline was across all exposure types. Our 24.9 percent investment in Grupo Financiero Santander Serfin accounted for $1.9 billion of reported exposure in Mexico.
64
The companys largest exposure in Latin America was in Brazil. Our exposure in Brazil at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 included $1.2 billion and $1.6 billion of traditional cross-border credit exposure (Loans and Leases, letters of credit, etc.), and $2.2 billion and $1.8 billion of local country exposure net of local liabilities. Nonperforming assets in Brazil were $22 million at March 31, 2005, compared to $38 million at December 31, 2004. For the three months ended March 31, 2005, net charge-offs totaled $319 thousand and zero for the three months ended March 31, 2004.
We have risk mitigation instruments associated with certain exposures for Brazil, including structured trade related transfer risk mitigation of $892 million and $950 million, third party funding of $318 million and $286 million, and linked certificates of deposit of $115 million and $125 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. The resulting total foreign exposure net of risk mitigation for Brazil was $2.2 billion at both period ends.
At March 31, 2005, 43 percent of the emerging markets exposure was in Asia Pacific compared to 40 percent at December 31, 2004. Asia Pacific emerging markets exposure increased by $200 million largely due to increases in Singapore, Other Asia Pacific and South Korea partially offset by declines in Hong Kong and Taiwan.
65
Table 14 sets forth regional foreign exposure to selected countries defined as emerging markets.
Table 14
Selected Emerging Markets(1)
(Dollars in millions) |
Loans and and Loan |
Other Financing(2) |
Derivative Assets(3) |
Securities/ Other Investments(4, 5) |
Total Cross- border Exposure(6) |
Local Country Exposure Net of Local Liabilities(7) |
Total Foreign Exposure March 31, 2005 |
Increase/ (Decrease) from December 31, 2004 |
|||||||||||||||||
Region/Country | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Latin America |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Brazil |
$ | 1,105 | $ | 124 | $ | 19 | $ | 106 | $ | 1,354 | $ | 2,195 | $ | 3,549 | $ | (1 | ) | ||||||||
Mexico |
881 | 146 | 139 | 2,054 | 3,220 | | 3,220 | 354 | |||||||||||||||||
Chile |
227 | 88 | | 9 | 324 | 370 | 694 | (486 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Argentina |
130 | 62 | | 44 | 236 | | 236 | (155 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Other Latin America(8) |
189 | 174 | 146 | 23 | 532 | 72 | 604 | (471 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total Latin America |
2,532 | 594 | 304 | 2,236 | 5,666 | 2,637 | 8,303 | (759 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Asia Pacific |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Korea |
254 | 647 | 73 | 551 | 1,525 | | 1,525 | 142 | |||||||||||||||||
India |
349 | 236 | 156 | 380 | 1,121 | 368 | 1,489 | (3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Taiwan |
237 | 118 | 101 | 15 | 471 | 682 | 1,153 | (174 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Hong Kong |
151 | 159 | 100 | 278 | 688 | 188 | 876 | (243 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Singapore |
51 | 212 | 60 | 334 | 657 | | 657 | 317 | |||||||||||||||||
Other Asia Pacific(8) |
127 | 88 | 40 | 422 | 677 | 138 | 815 | 161 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Asia Pacific |
1,169 | 1,460 | 530 | 1,980 | 5,139 | 1,376 | 6,515 | 200 | |||||||||||||||||
Central and Eastern Europe(8) |
21 | 27 | 25 | 127 | 200 | | 200 | (41 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 3,722 | $ | 2,081 | $ | 859 | $ | 4,343 | $ | 11,005 | $ | 4,013 | $ | 15,018 | $ | (600 | ) | ||||||||
(1) | There is no generally accepted definition of emerging markets. The definition that we use includes all countries in Latin America excluding Cayman Islands and Bermuda; all countries in Asia Pacific excluding Japan, Australia and New Zealand; and all countries in Central and Eastern Europe excluding Greece. |
(2) | Includes acceptances, SBLCs, commercial letters of credit and formal guarantees. |
(3) | Derivative assets are reported on a mark-to-market basis and have not been reduced by the amount of collateral applied, which totaled $205 million and $361 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. |
(4) | Amounts outstanding for Other Latin America and Other Asia Pacific have been reduced by $34 million and $14 million at March 31, 2005 and $196 million and $14 million at December 31, 2004. Such amounts represent the fair value of U.S. Treasury securities held as collateral outside the country of exposure. |
(5) | Cross-border resale agreements are presented based on the domicile of the counterparty because the counterparty has the legal obligation for repayment. For regulatory reporting under FFIEC guidelines, cross-border resale agreements are presented based on the domicile of the issuer of the securities that are held as collateral. |
(6) | Cross-border exposure includes amounts payable to us by borrowers or couterparties with a country of residence other than the one in which the credit is booked, regardless of the currency in which the claim is denominated, consistent with FFIEC reporting rules. |
(7) | Local country exposure includes amounts payable to us by borrowers with a country of residence in which the credit is booked, regardless of the currency in which the claim is denominated. Management subtracts local funding or liabilities from local exposures as allowed by the FFIEC. Total amount of local country exposure funded by local liabilities at March 31, 2005 was $18,438 million compared to $17,189 million at December 31, 2004. Local country exposure funded by local liabilities at March 31, 2005 in Latin America and Asia Pacific was $9,461 million and $8,977 million of which $4,481 million was in Brazil, $3,571 million in Hong Kong, $3,204 million in Singapore, $1,699 million in Argentina, $1,523 million in Mexico and $1,332 million in Chile. There were no other countries with local country exposure funded by local liabilities greater than $500 million. |
(8) | Other Latin America, Other Asia Pacific, and Central and Eastern Europe include countries each with total foreign exposure of less than $300 million. |
66
Commercial Portfolio Credit Quality Performance
Overall commercial credit quality continued to improve in the first three months of 2005 due to an improving economy and high levels of liquidity in the capital markets. All major commercial asset quality performance indicators showed continued positive trends. Net charge-offs, nonperforming assets and criticized exposure continued to decline.
Commercial - foreign loan net recoveries were $29 million in the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to net charge-offs of $106 million in the comparable period in 2004. The decrease reflected net recoveries in Argentina and the United Kingdom. The industry with the largest net recoveries was utilities. The country with the largest net recoveries in the three months ended March 31, 2005 was Argentina. Commercial - foreign loan net charge-offs of $106 million in the three months ended March 31, 2004 were related to one borrower in the food products industry.
Table 15 presents commercial net charge-offs and net charge-off ratios for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
Table 15
Commercial Net Charge-offs and Net Charge-off Ratios(1)
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Amount |
Percent |
Amount |
Percent |
||||||||||
Commercial - domestic |
$ | 26 | 0.09 | % | $ | 49 | 0.22 | % | ||||||
Commercial real estate |
| | (2 | ) | (0.05 | ) | ||||||||
Commercial lease financing |
25 | 0.48 | 4 | 0.17 | ||||||||||
Commercial - foreign |
(29 | ) | (0.66 | ) | 106 | 3.98 | ||||||||
Total commercial |
$ | 22 | 0.05 | % | $ | 157 | 0.48 | % | ||||||
(1) | Percentage amounts are calculated as net charge-offs divided by average outstanding loans and leases during the period for each loan category. |
As presented in Table 16, commercial criticized credit exposure decreased $1.4 billion, or 14 percent, to $8.9 billion at March 31, 2005 compared to December 31, 2004. The net decrease was driven by $2.9 billion of paydowns, payoffs, credit quality improvements and charge-offs; partially offset by $1.5 billion of newly criticized exposure. The decrease for the three months ended March 31, 2005 was centered in Global Business and Financial Services and Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking. These businesses combined to reduce commercial criticized exposure by $1.3 billion during the quarter. The decline in Global Business and Financial Services was driven by Latin America and Middle Market Banking, which comprised 20 percent and 16 percent of the total decrease. Global Capital Markets and Investment Banking accounted for 38 percent of the decrease in criticized exposure. Reductions were concentrated in the media and utilities industries.
67
Table 16 presents commercial criticized exposure at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
Table 16
Commercial Criticized Exposure (1)
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 |
|||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Amount |
Percent(2) |
Amount |
Percent(2) |
||||||||
Commercial - domestic |
$ | 5,807 | 3.08 | % | $ | 6,340 | 3.38 | % | ||||
Commercial real estate |
928 | 2.14 | 1,028 | 2.54 | ||||||||
Commercial lease financing |
1,160 | 5.62 | 1,347 | 6.38 | ||||||||
Commercial - foreign |
963 | 2.03 | 1,534 | 3.12 | ||||||||
Total commercial criticized exposure |
$ | 8,858 | 2.95 | % | $ | 10,249 | 3.44 | % | ||||
(1) | Criticized exposure corresponds to the Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful asset categories defined by regulatory authorities. Exposure amounts include loans and leases, SBLCs and financial guarantees, derivative assets, assets held-for-sale and commercial letters of credit. |
(2) | Commercial criticized exposure is taken as a percentage of total commercial utilized exposure. |
We routinely review the loan and lease portfolio to determine if any credit exposure should be placed on nonperforming status. An asset is placed on nonperforming status when it is determined that full collection of principal and/or interest in accordance with its contractual terms is not probable. As presented in Table 17, nonperforming commercial assets decreased $96 million to $1.6 billion at March 31, 2005 due primarily to the $123 million decrease in nonperforming commercial loans and leases. The decrease for the three months ended March 31, 2005 was centered in Global Business and Financial Services, primarily in Latin America and Middle Market Banking.
The decreases in total nonperforming commercial loans and leases resulted from paydowns and payoffs of $187 million, charge-offs of $100 million, loan sales of $26 million and returns to performing status of $11 million, partially offset by new nonaccrual loan inflows of $193 million and advances of $12 million.
Nonperforming commercial domestic loans decreased by $44 million and represented 0.65 percent of commercial domestic loans at March 31, 2005 compared to 0.70 percent at December 31, 2004. The improvement in the percentage of nonperforming commercial domestic loans to total commercial domestic loans was driven by growth in commercial domestic loans. Nonperforming commercial foreign loans decreased $39 million and represented 1.28 percent of commercial foreign loans at March 31, 2005 compared to 1.45 percent at December 31, 2004. The improvement in the percentage of nonperforming commercial foreign loans to total commercial foreign loans was driven by a decline in Latin American nonperforming loans.
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Table 17 presents nonperforming commercial assets at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
Table 17
Nonperforming Commercial Assets
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 |
||||||
Nonperforming commercial loans and leases |
||||||||
Commercial - domestic |
$ | 811 | $ | 855 | ||||
Commercial real estate |
64 | 87 | ||||||
Commercial lease financing |
249 | 266 | ||||||
Commercial - foreign |
228 | 267 | ||||||
Total nonperforming commercial loans and leases |
1,352 | 1,475 | ||||||
Nonperforming securities (1) |
153 | 140 | ||||||
Commercial foreclosed properties |
47 | 33 | ||||||
Total nonperforming commercial assets (2) |
$ | 1,552 | $ | 1,648 | ||||
Nonperforming commercial loans and leases as a percentage of outstanding commercial loans and leases |
0.69 | % | 0.76 | % | ||||
Nonperforming commercial assets as a percentage of outstanding commercial loans, leases and foreclosed properties |
0.79 | 0.85 |
(1) | Primarily related to international securities held in the AFS securities portfolio. |
(2) | Balances do not include $54 million and $123 million of nonperforming commercial assets, primarily commercial loans held for sale, included in Other Assets at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. |
69
Table 18 presents the additions and reductions to nonperforming assets in the commercial portfolio during the most recent five quarters.
Table 18
Nonperforming Commercial Assets Activity
(Dollars in millions) |
First Quarter 2005 |
Fourth Quarter 2004 |
Third Quarter 2004 |
Second Quarter 2004 |
First Quarter 2004 |
|||||||||||||||
Nonperforming loans and leases, and foreclosed properties |
||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 1,508 | $ | 1,901 | $ | 2,224 | $ | 1,785 | $ | 2,302 | ||||||||||
Additions to nonperforming assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||
FleetBoston balance, April 1, 2004 |
| | | 957 | | |||||||||||||||
New nonaccrual |
205 | 280 | 207 | 610 | 197 | |||||||||||||||
Advances |
12 | 7 | 23 | 37 | 15 | |||||||||||||||
Total additions |
217 | 287 | 230 | 1,604 | 212 | |||||||||||||||
Reductions in nonperforming assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Paydowns and payoffs |
(187 | ) | (372 | ) | (304 | ) | (499 | ) | (230 | ) | ||||||||||
Sales |
(28 | ) | (102 | ) | (137 | ) | (289 | ) | (61 | ) | ||||||||||
Returns to performing status (1) |
(11 | ) | (38 | ) | (21 | ) | (109 | ) | (180 | ) | ||||||||||
Charge-offs(2) |
(100 | ) | (136 | ) | (91 | ) | (227 | ) | (186 | ) | ||||||||||
Transfers to assets held-for-sale |
| (32 | ) | | (41 | ) | (72 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total reductions |
(326 | ) | (680 | ) | (553 | ) | (1,165 | ) | (729 | ) | ||||||||||
Total net additions to (reductions in) nonperforming assets |
(109 | ) | (393 | ) | (323 | ) | 439 | (517 | ) | |||||||||||
Total nonperforming loans and leases, and foreclosed properties, end of period |
1,399 | 1,508 | 1,901 | 2,224 | 1,785 | |||||||||||||||
Nonperforming securities(3) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
140 | 157 | 156 | | | |||||||||||||||
Additions to nonperforming assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||
FleetBoston balance, April 1, 2004 |
| | | 135 | | |||||||||||||||
New nonaccrual |
13 | 1 | 32 | 23 | | |||||||||||||||
Reductions in nonperforming assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Paydowns and payoffs |
| (11 | ) | (26 | ) | (2 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Sales |
| (7 | ) | (5 | ) | | | |||||||||||||
Total net additions to (reductions in) nonperforming assets |
13 | (17 | ) | 1 | 156 | | ||||||||||||||
Total nonperforming securities, end of period |
153 | 140 | 157 | 156 | | |||||||||||||||
Nonperforming commercial assets, end of period |
$ | 1,552 | $ | 1,648 | $ | 2,058 | $ | 2,380 | $ | 1,785 | ||||||||||
(1) | Commercial loans and leases may be restored to performing status when all principal and interest is current and full repayment of the remaining contractual principal and interest is expected, or when the loan otherwise becomes well secured and is in the process of collection. |
(2) | Certain loan and lease products, including commercial credit card, are not classified as nonperforming; therefore, the charge-offs on these loans are not included above. |
(3) | Primarily related to international securities held in the AFS securities portfolio. |
Nonperforming commercial asset sales for the three months ended March 31, 2005 were $28 million, comprised of $26 million of nonperforming commercial loans and $2 million of commercial foreclosed properties. Nonperforming commercial asset sales for the comparable period in 2004 totaled $61 million, comprised of $34 million of nonperforming commercial loans and $27 million of commercial foreclosed properties.
Domestic commercial loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest were $88 million at March 31, 2005 compared to $121 million at December 31, 2004. The decrease was driven by the improvement in credit quality of the commercial domestic loan portfolio.
Included in Other Assets were commercial loans held-for-sale and leveraged lease partnership interests of $1.6 billion and $202 million at March 31, 2005, and $1.3 billion and $198 million at December 31, 2004. Included in these balances were nonperforming loans held-for-sale and leveraged lease partnership interests of $31 million and $23 million at March 31, 2005, and $100 million and $23 million at December 31, 2004.
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Provision for Credit Losses
The Provision for Credit Losses was $580 million in the three months ended March 31, 2005, a 7 percent decrease compared to the same period in 2004. The consumer portion of the Provision for Credit Losses increased $184 million to $768 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to $584 million in the same period in 2004. Consumer net charge-offs increased $304 million to $867 million, of which $297 million of the increase was credit card net charge-offs. Higher consumer net charge-offs were driven by the addition of the FleetBoston portfolio, organic credit card portfolio growth and seasoning, the return of previously securitized loans to the balance sheet in 2004, and increases effective in 2004 in credit card minimum payment requirements. The increased net charge-offs associated with the changes in credit card minimum payment requirements did not impact the Provision for Credit Losses in the first quarter of 2005 as those expected net charge-offs were provided for in late 2004. The commercial portion of the Provision for Credit Losses was a negative $174 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 with commercial net charge-offs of $22 million. This was a decrease in the commercial portion of the Provision for Credit Losses of $229 million compared to the same period in 2004. In addition, changes in bankruptcy legislation will likely result in a temporary increase in net charge-offs through the remainder of 2005. Commercial net charge-offs decreased $135 million in the first quarter of 2005 compared to the first quarter of 2004. Continued improved commercial credit quality, including reduced exposure in Latin America, drove the decreased commercial provision.
For the remainder of 2005, we expect that continued seasoning of credit card accounts, the return of approximately $4.5 billion of securitized loans to the balance sheet, and the continued effects of the 2004 increases in credit card minimum payment requirements will result in higher levels of consumer net charge-offs. In addition, changes in bankruptcy legislation will likely result in a temporary increase in net charge-offs through the remainder of 2005. Commercial net charge-offs may return to more normalized levels during 2005. The anticipated increase in net charge-offs, coupled with less dramatic improvement in commercial credit quality than experienced in 2004, are expected to result in increases in the consumer and commercial portions of the Provision for Credit Losses for the remainder of 2005.
Consistent with regulatory-guided changes in industry practices, an additional increase in credit card minimum payment requirements will be made on existing customer accounts later this year. Customers will be required to pay a higher percentage of their outstanding principal balance with each monthly payment, resulting in a reduction in the length of a customers repayment period. The magnitude of the impact of this change on delinquencies, net charge-offs, the Provision for Credit Losses and revenues is currently being assessed.
Allowance for Credit Losses
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
The Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses is allocated based on three components. We evaluate the adequacy of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses based on the combined total of these three components.
The first component of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses covers those commercial loans that are either nonperforming or impaired. An allowance is allocated when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) are lower than the carrying value of that loan. For purposes of computing the specific loss component of the allowance, larger impaired loans are evaluated individually and smaller impaired loans are evaluated as a pool using historical loss experience for the respective product type and risk rating of the loans.
The second component of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses covers performing commercial loans and leases, and consumer loans. The allowance for commercial loans and leases is established by product type after analyzing historical loss experience, by internal risk rating, current economic conditions and performance trends within each portfolio segment. The commercial historical loss experience is updated quarterly to incorporate the most recent data reflective of the current economic environment. As of March 31, 2005, this resulted in no material impact to the commercial allowance for loan losses from updating the historical
71
loss experience. The allowance for consumer loans is based on aggregated portfolio segment evaluations, generally by product type. Loss forecast models are utilized for consumer products that consider a variety of factors including, but not limited to, historical loss experience, estimated defaults or foreclosures based on portfolio trends, delinquencies, economic trends and credit scores. These consumer loss forecast models are updated on a quarterly basis in order to incorporate information reflective of the current economic environment. As of March 31, 2005, this resulted in no material impact to the allowance for consumer loan and lease losses from updating the loss forecast models.
The third, or general component of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses is maintained to cover uncertainties that affect our estimate of probable losses. These uncertainties include the imprecision inherent in the forecasting methodologies, as well as domestic and global economic uncertainty and large single name defaults or event risk. We assess these components, and consider other current events, like the Merger, and other conditions, to determine the overall level of the third component. The relationship of the third component to the total Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses may fluctuate from period to period.
We monitor differences between estimated and actual incurred loan and lease losses. This monitoring process includes periodic assessments by senior management of loan and lease portfolios and the models used to estimate incurred losses in those portfolios.
Additions to the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses are made by charges to the Provision for Credit Losses. Credit exposures deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses. Recoveries of previously charged off amounts are credited to the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses.
The Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses for the consumer portfolio as presented in Table 20 decreased $99 million from December 31, 2004 to $3.7 billion driven primarily by the use of reserves established in late 2004 to absorb the increased net charge-offs associated with the 2004 increases in required credit card minimum payments.
The allowance for commercial loan and lease losses as presented in Table 20 was $3.0 billion at March 31, 2005, a $204 million decrease from December 31, 2004. This decrease resulted from continued improvement in commercial credit quality, including reduced exposure in Latin America. Specific reserves on commercial impaired loans decreased $51 million, or 25 percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2005, reflecting the decrease in our investment in specific loans considered impaired of $116 million to $1.1 billion at March 31, 2005.
Reserve for Unfunded Lending Commitments
In addition to the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses, we also estimate probable losses related to unfunded lending commitments, such as letters of credit and financial guarantees, and binding unfunded loan commitments. Unfunded lending commitments are subject to individual reviews, and are analyzed and segregated by risk according to the Corporations internal risk rating scale. These risk classifications, in conjunction with an analysis of historical loss experience, current economic conditions and performance trends within specific portfolio segments, and any other pertinent information result in the estimation of the reserve for unfunded lending commitments. The reserve for unfunded lending commitments is included in Accrued Expenses and Other.
We monitor differences between estimated and actual incurred credit losses. This monitoring process includes periodic assessments by senior management of credit portfolios and the models used to estimate incurred losses in those portfolios.
Additions to the reserve for unfunded lending commitments are made by charges to the Provision for Credit Losses. Credit exposures (excluding derivatives) deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the reserve.
72
Table 19 presents a rollforward of the allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
Table 19
Allowance for Credit Losses
Three Months Ended March 31 |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses, January 1 |
$ | 8,626 | $ | 6,163 | ||||
Loans and leases charged off |
||||||||
Residential mortgage |
(12 | ) | (16 | ) | ||||
Credit card |
(823 | ) | (492 | ) | ||||
Home equity lines |
(10 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||
Direct/Indirect consumer |
(93 | ) | (80 | ) | ||||
Other consumer |
(80 | ) | (78 | ) | ||||
Total consumer |
(1,018 | ) | (674 | ) | ||||
Commercial - domestic |
(104 | ) | (98 | ) | ||||
Commercial real estate |
| (1 | ) | |||||
Commercial lease financing |
(33 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||
Commercial - foreign |
(3 | ) | (113 | ) | ||||
Total commercial |
(140 | ) | (219 | ) | ||||
Total loans and leases charged off |
(1,158 | ) | (893 | ) | ||||
Recoveries of loans and leases previously charged off |
||||||||
Residential mortgage |
8 | 5 | ||||||
Credit card |
83 | 49 | ||||||
Home equity lines |
4 | 4 | ||||||
Direct/Indirect consumer |
32 | 32 | ||||||
Other consumer |
24 | 21 | ||||||
Total consumer |
151 | 111 | ||||||
Commercial - domestic |
78 | 49 | ||||||
Commercial real estate |
| 3 | ||||||
Commercial lease financing |
8 | 3 | ||||||
Commercial - foreign |
32 | 7 | ||||||
Total commercial |
118 | 62 | ||||||
Total recoveries of loans and leases previously charged off |
269 | 173 | ||||||
Net charge-offs |
(889 | ) | (720 | ) | ||||
Provision for loan and lease losses |
588 | 639 | ||||||
Transfers (1) |
(12 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses, March 31 |
8,313 | 6,080 | ||||||
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, January 1 |
402 | 416 | ||||||
Provision for unfunded lending commitments |
(8 | ) | (15 | ) | ||||
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, March 31 |
394 | 401 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 8,707 | $ | 6,481 | ||||
Loans and leases outstanding at March 31 |
$ | 529,466 | $ | 375,968 | ||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of loans and leases outstanding at March 31 |
1.57 | % | 1.62 | % | ||||
Consumer allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of consumer loans and leases outstanding at March 31 |
1.12 | 1.04 | ||||||
Commercial allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of commercial loans and leases outstanding at March 31 |
1.51 | 1.80 | ||||||
Average loans and leases outstanding during the period |
$ | 524,944 | $ | 374,077 | ||||
Annualized net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans and leases outstanding during the period |
0.69 | % | 0.77 | % | ||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans and leases at March 31 |
401 | 258 | ||||||
Ratio of the allowance for loan and lease losses at March 31 to annualized net charge-offs |
2.30 | 2.10 |
(1) | Includes primarily transfers to loans held-for-sale. |
73
For reporting purposes, we allocate the allowance for credit losses across products. However, the allowance is available to absorb any credit losses without restriction. Table 20 presents our allocation by product type.
Table 20
Allocation of the Allowance for Credit Losses by Product Type
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 |
|||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Amount |
Percent |
Amount |
Percent |
||||||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses |
||||||||||||
Residential mortgage |
$ | 200 | 2.4 | % | $ | 199 | 2.3 | % | ||||
Credit card |
2,689 | 32.3 | 2,757 | 32.0 | ||||||||
Home equity lines |
93 | 1.1 | 92 | 1.1 | ||||||||
Direct/Indirect consumer |
385 | 4.6 | 405 | 4.7 | ||||||||
Other consumer |
369 | 4.5 | 382 | 4.4 | ||||||||
Total consumer |
3,736 | 44.9 | 3,835 | 44.5 | ||||||||
Commercial - domestic |
1,285 | 15.5 | 1,382 | 16.0 | ||||||||
Commercial real estate |
505 | 6.1 | 505 | 5.9 | ||||||||
Commercial lease financing |
344 | 4.1 | 365 | 4.2 | ||||||||
Commercial - foreign |
840 | 10.1 | 926 | 10.7 | ||||||||
Total commercial (1) |
2,974 | 35.8 | 3,178 | 36.8 | ||||||||
General |
1,603 | 19.3 | 1,613 | 18.7 | ||||||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses |
8,313 | 100.0 | % | 8,626 | 100.0 | % | ||||||
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments |
394 | 402 | ||||||||||
Total |
$ | 8,707 | $ | 9,028 | ||||||||
(1) | Includes allowance for loan and lease losses of commercial impaired loans of $151 million and $202 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. |
Problem Loan Management
Banc of America Strategic Solutions, Inc. (SSI) is a majority-owned consolidated subsidiary of Bank of America, N.A., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Corporation, which manages problem asset resolution and the coordination of exit strategies. This may include bulk sales, collateralized debt obligations and other resolutions of domestic commercial distressed assets and, beginning in 2004, certain consumer distressed loans. There were no such sales in the three months ended March 31, 2005.
During the three months ended March 31, 2004, Bank of America, N.A. sold commercial loans with a gross book balance of approximately $296 million to SSI. For tax purposes, under the Internal Revenue Code, the sales were treated as a taxable exchange. The sales had no financial statement impact on us because the sales were transfers among entities under common control, and there was no change in the individual loan resolution strategies.
Market Risk Management
Market risk is the risk that values of assets and liabilities or revenues will be adversely affected by changes in market conditions such as market movements. This risk is inherent in the financial instruments associated with our operations and/or activities including loans, deposits, securities, short-term borrowings, long-term debt, trading account assets and liabilities, and derivatives. Market-sensitive assets and liabilities are generated through loans and deposits associated with our traditional banking business, our customer and proprietary trading operations, our ALM process, credit risk mitigation activities, and mortgage banking activities. More detailed information on our market risk management processes is included in the Corporations 2004 Annual Report on pages 72 through 77.
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Trading Risk Management
The histogram of daily revenue or loss below is a graphic depiction of trading volatility and illustrates the level of trading-related revenue for the twelve months ended March 31, 2005. Trading-related revenue encompasses both proprietary trading and customer-related activities. During the twelve months ended March 31, 2005, positive trading-related revenue was recorded for 88 percent of trading days. Furthermore, only four percent of the total trading days had losses greater than $10 million, and the largest loss was $21 million. This can be compared to the twelve months ended March 31, 2004, where positive trading-related revenue was recorded for 86 percent of trading days and only six percent of the total trading days had losses greater than $10 million, and the largest loss was $41 million.
Histogram of Daily Trading-related Revenue
Twelve Months Ended March 31, 2005
To evaluate risk in our trading activities, we focus on the actual and potential volatility of individual positions as well as portfolios. At a portfolio and corporate level, we use Value-at-Risk (VAR) modeling and stress testing. VAR is a key statistic used to measure and manage market risk. Trading limits and VAR are used to manage day-to-day risks and are subject to testing where we compare expected performance to actual performance. This testing provides us a view of our models predictive accuracy. All limit excesses are communicated to senior management for review.
A VAR model estimates a range of hypothetical scenarios within which the next days profit or loss is expected. These estimates are impacted by the nature of the positions in the portfolio and the correlation within the portfolio. Within any VAR model, there are significant and numerous assumptions that will differ from company to company. Our VAR model assumes a 99 percent confidence level. Statistically, this means that losses will exceed VAR, on average, one out of 100 trading days, or two to three times each year. Actual losses did not exceed VAR in the twelve months ended March 31, 2005, and only exceeded VAR once in the twelve months ended March 31, 2004.
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In addition to reviewing our underlying model assumptions with senior management, we seek to mitigate the uncertainties related to these assumptions and estimates through close monitoring and by updating the assumptions and estimates on an ongoing basis. If the results of our analysis indicate higher than expected levels of risk, proactive measures are taken to adjust risk levels.
Table 21 presents average, high and low daily VAR for the twelve months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
Table 21
Trading Activities Market Risk
Twelve Months Ended March 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||
2005 |
2004 | |||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Average VAR |
High VAR (1) |
Low VAR (1) |
Average VAR |
High VAR (1) |
Low VAR (1) | ||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange |
$ | 4.2 | $ | 12.1 | $ | 1.4 | $ | 4.2 | $ | 7.8 | $ | 2.5 | ||||||||
Interest rate |
25.4 | 51.5 | 10.7 | 27.8 | 65.2 | 15.1 | ||||||||||||||
Credit (2) |
39.1 | 63.4 | 21.9 | 23.2 | 37.1 | 14.9 | ||||||||||||||
Real estate/mortgage(3) |
9.1 | 20.7 | 4.6 | 12.5 | 27.3 | 3.6 | ||||||||||||||
Equities |
16.9 | 33.7 | 8.0 | 22.4 | 51.5 | 7.9 | ||||||||||||||
Commodities |
7.3 | 10.2 | 4.5 | 6.6 | 11.9 | 3.8 | ||||||||||||||
Portfolio diversification |
(56.3 | ) | | | (56.7 | ) | | | ||||||||||||
Total trading portfolio |
$ | 45.7 | $ | 65.7 | $ | 29.4 | $ | 40.0 | $ | 91.0 | $ | 12.1 | ||||||||
Total market-based trading portfolio (4) |
$ | 40.8 | $ | 66.4 | $ | 23.7 | $ | 40.1 | $ | 82.0 | $ | 15.5 | ||||||||
(1) | The high and low for the total portfolio may not equal the sum of the individual components as the highs or lows of the individual portfolios may have occurred on different trading days. |
(2) | Credit includes credit fixed income and credit default swaps used for credit risk management. Average VAR for credit default swaps was $35.5 million and $18.5 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. |
(3) | Real estate/mortgage includes capital market real estate and the Certificates. Effective June 1, 2004, Real estate/mortgage no longer includes the Certificates. For additional information on the Certificates, see Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report. |
(4) | Total market-based trading portfolio excludes credit default swaps used for credit risk management, net of the effect of diversification. |
Approximately $2 million of the increase in average VAR for the twelve months ended March 31, 2005 was attributable to the addition of FleetBoston in the second quarter of 2004. The remaining increase in average VAR for the twelve months ended March 31, 2005 was primarily due to increases in the average risk taken in credit due to an increase in credit protection purchased to hedge the credit risk in our corporate loan portfolio.
Stress Testing
Because the very nature of a VAR model suggests results can exceed our estimates, we stress test our portfolio. Stress testing estimates the value change in our trading portfolio due to abnormal market movements. Various stress scenarios are run regularly against the trading portfolio to verify that, even under extreme market moves, we will preserve our capital; to determine the effects of significant historical events; and to determine the effects of specific, extreme hypothetical, but plausible events. The results of the stress scenarios are calculated daily and reported to senior management as part of the regular reporting process. The results of certain specific, extreme hypothetical scenarios are presented to the Asset and Liability Committee.
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Interest Rate Risk Management
Interest rate risk represents the most significant market risk exposure to our nontrading financial instruments. Our overall goal is to manage interest rate sensitivity so that movements in interest rates do not adversely affect Net Interest Income. Interest rate risk is measured as the potential volatility in our Net Interest Income caused by changes in market interest rates. Client facing activities, primarily lending and deposit-taking, create interest rate sensitive positions on our balance sheet. Interest rate risk from these activities as well as the impact of ever-changing market conditions, is mitigated using the ALM process.
The estimated impact to Net Interest Income over the subsequent year from March 31, 2005, resulting from a 100 bp gradual (over 12 months) parallel increase or decrease in interest rates from the forward market curve calculated as of March 31, 2005 was (1.1) percent and 0.5 percent. The estimated impact to Net Interest Income over the subsequent year from December 31, 2004, resulting from a 100 bp gradual (over 12 months) parallel increase or decrease in interest rates from the forward market curve calculated as of December 31, 2004, was (1.5) percent and 0.5 percent.
As part of the ALM process, we use securities, residential mortgages, and interest rate and foreign exchange derivatives in managing interest rate sensitivity.
Securities
The securities portfolio is integral to our ALM process. The decision to purchase or sell securities is based upon the current assessment of economic and financial conditions, including the interest rate environment, liquidity and regulatory requirements, and the relative mix of our cash and derivative positions. During the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, we purchased securities of $74.6 billion and $85.0 billion, sold $37.8 billion and $11.0 billion, and received paydowns of $9.7 billion and $3.0 billion. During the quarter, we continuously monitored the interest rate risk position of the portfolio and repositioned the securities portfolio in order to manage prepayment risk and to take advantage of interest rate fluctuations. Through sales in the securities portfolio, we realized $659 million and $495 million in Gains on Sales of Debt Securities during the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
Residential Mortgage Portfolio
During the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, we purchased $5.6 billion and $6.5 billion of residential mortgages related to the ALM process period. During the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, there were no sales of whole mortgage loans. Additionally, during the same periods, we received paydowns of $8.7 billion and $7.4 billion.
Interest Rate and Foreign Exchange Derivative Contracts
Interest rate and foreign exchange derivative contracts are utilized in our ALM process and serve as an efficient, low-cost tool to mitigate our risk. We use derivatives to hedge or offset the changes in cash flows or market values of our balance sheet. See Note 4 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on our hedging activities.
Our interest rate contracts are generally nonleveraged generic interest rate and basis swaps, options, futures, and forwards. In addition, we use foreign currency contracts to mitigate the foreign exchange risk associated with foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities, as well as our equity investments in foreign subsidiaries. Table 22 reflects the notional amounts, fair value, weighted average receive fixed and pay fixed rates, expected maturity, and estimated duration of our ALM derivatives at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
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Table 22
Asset and Liability Management Interest Rate and Foreign Exchange Contracts
March 31, 2005
Expected Maturity |
Average Estimated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions, average estimated |
Fair Value |
Total |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
Thereafter |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash flow hedges |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Receive fixed interest rate swaps (1) |
$ | (2,033 | ) | 3.74 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount |
$ | 85,770 | $ | | $ | 6,000 | $ | 32,785 | $ | 16,449 | $ | 8,877 | $ | 21,659 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average fixed rate |
3.94 | % | | % | 4.18 | % | 3.93 | % | 3.18 | % | 3.27 | % | 4.73 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Pay fixed interest rate swaps (1) |
(1,001 | ) | 5.62 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount |
$ | 85,955 | $ | | $ | 5,100 | $ | 10,763 | $ | 23,631 | $ | | $ | 46,461 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average fixed rate |
4.71 | % | | % | 3.23 | % | 4.32 | % | 4.35 | % | | % | 5.15 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Basis swaps |
(3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount |
$ | 6,700 | $ | 500 | $ | 4,400 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,800 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Option products (2) |
1,840 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount (3) |
107,246 | | 50,000 | | 57,246 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Futures and forward rate contracts (4) |
(23 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount (3) |
19,314 | 19,314 | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total net cash flow positions |
$ | (1,220 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair value hedges |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Receive fixed interest rate swaps (1) |
$ | (222 | ) | 4.58 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount |
$ | 35,675 | $ | 2,150 | $ | 4,337 | $ | 2,450 | $ | 2,694 | $ | 3,364 | $ | 20,680 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average fixed rate |
4.74 | % | 5.38 | % | 5.22 | % | 4.48 | % | 3.47 | % | 4.44 | % | 4.82 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
1,968 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount |
$ | 14,043 | $ | 78 | $ | 1,465 | $ | 54 | $ | 1,566 | $ | 1,967 | $ | 8,913 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total net fair value positions |
$ | 1,746 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Closed interest rate contracts (5) |
(913 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total ALM contracts |
$ | (387 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Table 22
Asset and Liability Management Interest Rate and Foreign Exchange Contracts
December 31, 2004
Expected Maturity |
Average Estimated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions, average estimated |
Fair Value |
Total |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
Thereafter |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash flow hedges |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Receive fixed interest rate swaps (1) |
$ | (1,413 | ) | 4.16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount |
$ | 122,274 | $ | | $ | 2,927 | $ | 21,098 | $ | 44,223 | $ | 22,237 | $ | 31,789 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average fixed rate |
3.68 | % | | % | 3.46 | % | 2.94 | % | 3.47 | % | 3.73 | % | 4.43 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Pay fixed interest rate swaps (1) |
(2,248 | ) | 4.77 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount |
$ | 157,837 | $ | 39 | $ | 6,320 | $ | 62,584 | $ | 16,136 | $ | 10,289 | $ | 62,469 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average fixed rate |
4.24 | % | 5.01 | % | 3.54 | % | 3.58 | % | 3.91 | % | 3.85 | % | 5.13 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Basis swaps |
(4 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount |
$ | 6,700 | $ | 500 | $ | 4,400 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,800 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Option products (2) |
3,492 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount (3) |
323,835 | 145,200 | 90,000 | 17,500 | 58,404 | | 12,731 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount |
16 | | | | 16 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Futures and forward rate contracts (4) |
287 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount (3) |
(10,889 | ) | 10,111 | (21,000 | ) | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total net cash flow positions |
$ | 123 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair value hedges |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Receive fixed interest rate swaps (1) |
$ | 534 | 5.14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount |
$ | 45,050 | $ | 2,580 | $ | 4,363 | $ | 2,500 | $ | 2,694 | $ | 3,364 | $ | 29,549 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average fixed rate |
5.02 | % | 4.78 | % | 5.23 | % | 4.53 | % | 3.47 | % | 4.44 | % | 5.25 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
2,739 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional amount |
$ | 13,590 | $ | 71 | $ | 1,529 | $ | 55 | $ | 1,571 | $ | 2,091 | $ | 8,273 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total net fair value positions |
$ | 3,273 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Closed interest rate contracts (5) |
1,328 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total ALM contracts |
$ | 4,724 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) | At March 31, 2005, $31.0 billion of the receive fixed interest rate swap notional and $14.6 billion of the pay fixed interest swap notional represented forward starting swaps that will not be effective until their respective contractual start dates. At December 31, 2004, $39.9 billion of the receive fixed interest rate swap notional and $75.9 billion of the pay fixed interest swap notional represented forward starting swaps that will not be effective until their respective contractual start dates. |
(2) | Option products include caps, floors, swaptions and exchange-traded options on index futures contracts. These strategies may include option collars or spread strategies, which involve the buying and selling of options on the same underlying security or interest rate index. |
(3) | Reflects the net of long and short positions. |
(4) | Futures and forward rate contracts include Eurodollar futures, U.S. Treasury futures, and forward purchase and sale contracts. Included are $38.6 billion of forward purchase contracts, and $19.3 billion of forward sale contracts of mortgage-backed securities and mortgage loans, at March 31, 2005, as discussed on page 77. At December 31, 2004, the forward purchase and sale contracts of mortgage-backed securities and mortgage loans amounted to $46.7 billion and $25.6 billion. |
(5) | Represents the unamortized net realized deferred (losses) gains associated with closed contracts. As a result, no notional amount is reflected for expected maturity. The $(913) million and $1.3 billion deferred (losses) gains as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, on closed interest rate contracts primarily consisted of (losses) gains on closed ALM swaps and forward contracts. Of the $913 million unamortized net realized deferred losses, a loss of $1.5 billion was included in Accumulated OCI, a gain of $637 million was included as a basis adjustment of Long-term Debt, and a loss of $9 million was primarily included as a basis adjustment to mortgage loans, AFS Securities and Long-term Debt at March 31, 2005. As of December 31, 2004, a gain of $836 million was included in Accumulated OCI, a gain of $514 million was included as a basis adjustment of Long-term Debt, and a loss of $22 million was primarily included as a basis adjustment to mortgage loans, AFS Securities and Long-term Debt. |
Consistent with our strategy of managing interest rate sensitivity to mitigate changes in value of other financial instruments, the notional amount of our net received fixed interest rate swap position increased $26.0 billion to $35.5 billion at March 31, 2005 compared to December 31, 2004. The net option position decreased $216.6 billion to $107.2 billion at March 31, 2005 compared to December 31, 2004. The changes in our swap and option positions were part of our interest sensitivity management.
Included in the futures and forward rate contract amounts are $35.0 billion of forward purchase contracts of both mortgage-backed securities and mortgage loans at March 31, 2005 settling from April 2005 to July 2005 and $58.5 billion of forward purchase contracts of both mortgage-backed securities and mortgage loans at March 31, 2004 that settled from April 2004 to August 2004. There were also $8.8 billion of forward sale contracts of mortgage-backed securities at March 31, 2005 settling from April 2005 to July 2005 compared to $41.0 billion at March 31, 2004 that settled from April 2004 to August 2004. These forward purchase and sale contracts were accounted for as derivatives and designated as cash flow hedges with their net-of-tax unrealized
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gains and losses included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (OCI). For additional information on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, see Note 4 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. The forward purchase and sale contracts at March 31, 2005 were also included in Table 22.
In addition, there were $3.6 billion of forward purchase commitments of mortgage loans at March 31, 2005 settling from April 2005 to June 2005 and $3.7 billion at March 31, 2004 that settled from April 2004 to June 2004. These commitments, included in Table 22, were accounted for as derivatives and designated as cash flow hedges, and their net-of-tax unrealized gains and losses were included in Accumulated OCI. There were also $10.5 billion of forward sale commitments of whole mortgage loans at March 31, 2005 settling in April 2005 compared to no forward sale commitments at March 31, 2004.
Mortgage Banking Risk Management
The inventory of interest rate lock commitments (IRLCs) and loans held-for-sale are subject to interest rate risk between the date of the IRLC and the date the loan is sold to the secondary market. To hedge interest rate risk, we utilize forward loan sale commitments and other derivative instruments including purchased options. These instruments are used either as an economic hedge of IRLCs, or designated as a cash flow hedge of loans held-for-sale, in which case their net-of-tax unrealized gains and losses are included in Accumulated OCI. At March 31, 2005, the notional amount of derivatives hedging the IRLCs and loans held-for-sale was $15.5 billion. The related net-of-tax unrealized gain on the derivatives designated as cash flow hedges included in accumulated OCI at March 31, 2005 was $200 thousand. The notional amount of the IRLCs in the pipeline at March 31, 2005 was $8.3 billion. The notional amount of loans held-for-sale at March 31, 2005 was $7.3 billion.
We manage changes in the value of MSRs by entering into derivative financial instruments and by purchasing and selling securities. MSRs are assets created when the underlying mortgage loan is sold to investors and we retain the right to service the loan. As of March 31, 2005, the MSR balance was $2.7 billion, or seven percent higher than December 31, 2004.
We designate certain derivatives such as purchased options and interest rate swaps as fair value hedges of specified MSRs under SFAS 133. At March 31, 2005, the amount of MSRs identified as being hedged by derivatives in accordance with SFAS 133 was approximately $2.2 billion. The notional amount of the derivative contracts designated as SFAS 133 hedges of MSRs at March 31, 2005 was $14.4 billion. The changes in the fair values of the derivative contracts are substantially offset by changes in the fair values of the MSRs that are hedged by these derivative contracts. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, derivative hedge losses of $145 million were offset by a increase in the value of the MSRs of $150 million resulting in $5 million of hedge ineffectiveness.
From time to time, we hold additional derivatives and certain securities (i.e. mortgage-backed securities) as economic hedges of MSRs, which are not designated as SFAS 133 accounting hedges. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, Interest Income from Securities used as an economic hedge of MSRs of $6 million was realized. There were no Gains on Sales of Debt Securities used as economic hedges of MSRs during the same period. At March 31, 2005, the amount of MSRs covered by such economic hedges was $307 million. The carrying value of AFS Securities held as economic hedges of MSRs was $844 million at March 31, 2005. The related net-of-tax unrealized gain on these AFS Securities, which is recorded in Accumulated OCI, was $7 million at March 31, 2005.
See Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Operational Risk Management
Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems, including system conversions and integration, and external events. Successful operational risk management is particularly important to a diversified financial services company like ours because of the very nature, volume and complexity of our various businesses.
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In keeping with our management governance structure, the lines of business are responsible for all the risks within the business including operational risks. Such risks are managed through corporate-wide or line of business specific policies and procedures, controls, and monitoring tools. Examples of these include personnel management practices, data reconciliation processes, fraud management units, transaction processing monitoring and analysis, business recovery planning, and new product introduction processes.
We approach operational risk from two perspectives, enterprise-wide and line of business-specific. The Compliance and Operational Risk Committee (CORC), chartered in 2005 as a subcommittee of the Finance Committee, provides consistent communication and oversight of significant operational and compliance issues and oversees the adoption of best practices. Two groups within Risk Management, Compliance Risk Management and Enterprise Operational Risk, facilitate the consistency of effective policies, industry best practices, controls and monitoring tools for managing and assessing operational risks across the Corporation. These groups also work with the line of business executives and their risk counterparts to implement appropriate policies, processes and assessments at the line of business level and support groups. Compliance and operational risk awareness is also driven across the Corporation through training and strategic communication efforts. For selected risks, we establish specialized support groups, for example, Information Security and Supply Chain Management. These specialized groups develop corporate-wide risk management practices, such as an information security program and a supplier program to ensure suppliers adopt appropriate policies and procedures when performing work on behalf of the Corporation. These specialized groups also assist the lines of business in the development and implementation of risk management practices specific to the needs of the individual businesses.
At the line of business level, the Line of Business Risk Executives are responsible for adherence to corporate practices and oversight of all operational risks in the line of business they support. Operational and compliance risk management, working in conjunction with senior line of business executives, have developed key tools to help manage, monitor and summarize operational risk. One tool the businesses and executive management utilize is a corporate-wide self-assessment process, which helps to identify and evaluate the status of risk issues, including mitigation plans, if appropriate. Its goal is to continuously assess changing market and business conditions and evaluate all operational risks impacting the line of business. The self-assessment process assists in identifying emerging operational risk issues and determining at the line of business or corporate level how they should be managed. In addition to information gathered from the self-assessment process, key operational risk indicators have been developed and are used to help identify trends and issues on both a corporate and a line of business level.
More generally, we mitigate operational risk through a broad-based approach to process management and process improvement. Improvement efforts are focused on reduction of variation in outputs. We have a dedicated Quality and Productivity team to manage and certify the process management and improvement efforts.
Recent Accounting and Reporting Developments
See Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of recently issued and proposed accounting pronouncements.
Complex Accounting Estimates
Our significant accounting principles as described in Note 1 of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report are essential in understanding Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition. Many of our significant accounting principles require complex judgments to estimate values of assets and liabilities. We have procedures and processes to facilitate making these judgments. For a complete discussion of our more judgmental and complex accounting estimates, see Complex Accounting Estimates on pages 78 through 81 of the Corporations 2004 Annual Report.
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Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition - Market Risk Management beginning on page 74 and the sections referenced therein for Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report and pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act), the Corporations management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness and design of the Corporations disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act). Based upon that evaluation, the Corporations Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded, as of the end of the period covered by this report, that the Corporations disclosure controls and procedures were effective in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting information required to be disclosed by the Corporation, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commissions rules and forms.
Changes in internal controls
In addition and as of the end of the period covered by this report, there have been no changes in internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting.
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Exhibit 11 | | Earnings Per Share Computation - included in Note 10 of the Consolidated Financial Statements | |||
Exhibit 12 | | Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges | |||
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Preferred Dividends | |||||
Exhibit 31 | (a) | | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
Exhibit 31 | (b) | | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
Exhibit 32 | (a) | | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
Exhibit 32 | (b) | | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Bank of America Corporation | ||||
Registrant | ||||
Date: May 6, 2005 | /s/ Neil A. Cotty | |||
Neil A. Cotty | ||||
Chief Accounting Officer | ||||
(Duly Authorized Officer) |
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Form 10-Q
Index to Exhibits
Exhibit |
Description | |
11 | Earnings Per Share Computation - included in Note 10 of the Consolidated Financial Statements | |
12 | Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Preferred Dividends | |
31(a) | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
31(b) | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
32(a) | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
32(b) | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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