UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
or
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005
Commission file number 1-11921
E*TRADE Financial Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 94-2844166 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
135 East 57th Street, New York, New York 10022
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)
(646) 521-4300
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes x No ¨
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuers classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
As of April 29, 2005, there were 368,490,666 shares of common stock and 1,300,301 shares exchangeable into common stock outstanding (the Exchangeable Shares). The Exchangeable Shares, which were issued by EGI Canada Corporation in connection with the acquisition of VERSUS Technologies, Inc. (renamed E*TRADE Technologies Corporation effective January 2, 2001), are exchangeable at any time into common stock on a one-for-one basis and entitle holders to dividend, voting, and other rights equivalent to holders of the registrants common stock.
E*TRADE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
FORM 10-Q QUARTERLY REPORT
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||||
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
||||
Item 1. |
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 3 | ||
3 | ||||
4 | ||||
5 | ||||
6 | ||||
7 | ||||
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 9 | |||
9 | ||||
Note 2 Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
10 | |||
11 | ||||
Note 4 Available-for-Sale Mortgage-Backed and Investment Securities |
12 | |||
Note 5 Loans, Net |
15 | |||
Note 6 Goodwill |
16 | |||
Note 7 Deposits |
16 | |||
Note 8 Other Borrowings by Bank Subsidiary |
16 | |||
Note 9 Shareholders Equity |
17 | |||
18 | ||||
Note 11 Income Per Share |
20 | |||
Note 12 Regulatory Requirements |
21 | |||
Note 13 Commitments, Contingencies and Other Regulatory Matters |
22 | |||
Note 14 Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities |
24 | |||
Note 15 Segment Information |
28 | |||
Item 2. |
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 31 | ||
Item 3. |
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 47 | ||
Item 4. |
Controls and Procedures | 49 | ||
PART II OTHER INFORMATION |
||||
Item 1. |
49 | |||
Item 2. |
50 | |||
Item 3. |
50 | |||
Item 4. |
50 | |||
Item 5. |
50 | |||
Item 6. |
50 | |||
51 |
Unless otherwise indicated, references to the Company, We, Our and E*TRADE mean E*TRADE Financial Corporation and/or its subsidiaries.
E*TRADE, E*TRADE FINANCIAL, E*TRADE Bank, ClearStation, Equity Edge, Equity Resource, OptionsLink and the converging arrows logo, are registered trademarks of E*TRADE Financial Corporation in the United States and in other countries.
ITEM 1. UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
E*TRADE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share amounts)
(unaudited)
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 |
|||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Cash and equivalents |
$ | 720,996 | $ | 939,906 | ||||
Cash and investments required to be segregated under Federal or other regulations (includes repurchase agreements of $700,514 at March 31, 2005 and $0 at December 31, 2004) |
2,014,189 | 724,026 | ||||||
Brokerage receivables, net |
3,459,480 | 3,034,548 | ||||||
Trading securities |
231,615 | 593,245 | ||||||
Available-for-sale mortgage-backed and investment securities (includes securities pledged to creditors with the right to sell or repledge of $9,642,501 at March 31, 2005 and $10,113,049 at December 31, 2004) |
11,819,146 | 12,543,818 | ||||||
Other investments |
57,105 | 46,269 | ||||||
Loans receivable (net of allowance for loan losses of $51,884 at March 31, 2005 and $47,681 at December 31, 2004) |
12,929,802 | 11,505,755 | ||||||
Loans held-for-sale, net |
308,661 | 279,280 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
308,135 | 302,291 | ||||||
Derivative assets |
171,607 | 115,867 | ||||||
Accrued interest receivable |
118,742 | 117,131 | ||||||
Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank Stock |
119,140 | 92,005 | ||||||
Goodwill |
395,626 | 395,043 | ||||||
Other intangibles, net |
132,901 | 134,121 | ||||||
Other assets |
322,860 | 209,278 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 33,110,005 | $ | 31,032,583 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY | ||||||||
Brokerage payables |
$ | 5,205,026 | $ | 3,618,892 | ||||
Deposits |
12,519,646 | 12,302,974 | ||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
9,491,271 | 9,897,191 | ||||||
Other borrowings by Bank subsidiary |
2,344,821 | 1,760,732 | ||||||
Derivative liabilities |
27,575 | 52,208 | ||||||
Senior notes |
398,538 | 400,452 | ||||||
Convertible subordinated notes |
185,165 | 185,165 | ||||||
Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities |
644,089 | 586,767 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
30,816,131 | 28,804,381 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies |
| | ||||||
Shareholders equity: |
||||||||
Preferred stock, shares authorized: 1,000,000; issued and outstanding: none at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 |
| | ||||||
Shares exchangeable into common stock, $0.01 par value, shares authorized: 10,644,223; issued and outstanding: 1,300,301 at March 31, 2005 and 1,302,801 at December 31, 2004 |
13 | 13 | ||||||
Common stock, $0.01 par value, shares authorized: 600,000,000; issued and outstanding: 368,735,091 at March 31, 2005 and 369,623,604 at December 31, 2004 |
3,687 | 3,696 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
2,217,413 | 2,234,093 | ||||||
Deferred stock compensation |
(17,986 | ) | (18,419 | ) | ||||
Retained earnings |
242,012 | 150,018 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(151,265 | ) | (141,199 | ) | ||||
Total shareholders equity |
2,293,874 | 2,228,202 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ | 33,110,005 | $ | 31,032,583 | ||||
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
E*TRADE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||
Commissions |
$ | 114,176 | $ | 142,713 | ||||
Principal transactions |
34,209 | 38,946 | ||||||
Gain on sales of loans and securities, net |
36,739 | 41,162 | ||||||
Service charges and fees |
33,372 | 24,900 | ||||||
Other revenues |
25,994 | 26,898 | ||||||
Interest income |
336,613 | 255,637 | ||||||
Interest expense |
(148,791 | ) | (120,726 | ) | ||||
Net interest income |
187,822 | 134,911 | ||||||
Provision for loan losses |
(12,040 | ) | (9,055 | ) | ||||
Net interest income after provision for loan losses |
175,782 | 125,856 | ||||||
Total net revenues |
420,272 | 400,475 | ||||||
Expenses excluding interest: |
||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
98,636 | 99,462 | ||||||
Occupancy and equipment |
19,584 | 19,995 | ||||||
Communications |
17,891 | 19,442 | ||||||
Professional services |
19,816 | 14,364 | ||||||
Commissions, clearance and floor brokerage |
39,712 | 43,927 | ||||||
Advertising and market development |
26,821 | 24,054 | ||||||
Servicing and other banking expenses |
10,199 | 8,466 | ||||||
Fair value adjustments of financial derivatives |
888 | 274 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
18,089 | 20,523 | ||||||
Amortization of other intangibles |
6,140 | 6,919 | ||||||
Facility restructuring and other exit charges |
562 | (959 | ) | |||||
Other |
26,615 | 25,051 | ||||||
Total expenses excluding interest |
284,953 | 281,518 | ||||||
Income before other income, income taxes and discontinued operations |
135,319 | 118,957 | ||||||
Other income: |
||||||||
Corporate interest income |
1,962 | 1,363 | ||||||
Corporate interest expense |
(11,567 | ) | (11,338 | ) | ||||
Gain on sale and impairment of investments, net |
15,542 | 28,549 | ||||||
Equity in income of investments and venture funds |
2,877 | 2,602 | ||||||
Total other income |
8,814 | 21,176 | ||||||
Income before income taxes and discontinued operations |
144,133 | 140,133 | ||||||
Income tax expense |
52,089 | 49,808 | ||||||
Minority interest in subsidiaries |
50 | 740 | ||||||
Net income from continuing operations |
91,994 | 89,585 | ||||||
Net loss from discontinued operations, net of tax |
| (1,110 | ) | |||||
Net income |
$ | 91,994 | $ | 88,475 | ||||
Basic income per share |
||||||||
Basic income per share from continuing operations |
$ | 0.25 | $ | 0.24 | ||||
Basic loss per share from discontinued operations |
| (0.00 | ) | |||||
Basic net income per share |
$ | 0.25 | $ | 0.24 | ||||
Diluted income per share |
||||||||
Diluted income per share from continuing operations |
$ | 0.24 | $ | 0.23 | ||||
Diluted loss per share from discontinued operations |
| (0.00 | ) | |||||
Diluted net income per share |
$ | 0.24 | $ | 0.23 | ||||
Shares used in computation of per share data: |
||||||||
Basic |
366,130 | 365,045 | ||||||
Diluted |
378,734 | 425,155 |
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
E*TRADE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||
Net income |
$ | 91,994 | $ | 88,475 | ||||
Other comprehensive loss: |
||||||||
Available-for-sale securities: |
||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) |
(43,157 | ) | 116,846 | |||||
Less impact of realized gains (transferred out of AOCI) included in net income |
(37,395 | ) | (54,748 | ) | ||||
Tax effect |
29,679 | (20,275 | ) | |||||
Net change from available-for-sale securities |
(50,873 | ) | 41,823 | |||||
Cash flow hedging instruments: |
||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) |
55,016 | (109,007 | ) | |||||
Amortization of losses into interest expense from de-designated cash flow hedges deferred in AOCI |
23,476 | 25,015 | ||||||
Tax effect |
(29,989 | ) | 32,802 | |||||
Net change from cash flow hedging instruments |
48,503 | (51,190 | ) | |||||
Foreign currency translation loss |
(7,696 | ) | (534 | ) | ||||
Other comprehensive loss |
(10,066 | ) | (9,901 | ) | ||||
Comprehensive income |
$ | 81,928 | $ | 78,574 | ||||
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
E*TRADE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
Shares Exchangeable into Common Stock |
Common Stock |
Additional Paid-in Capital |
Deferred Stock Compensation |
Retained Earnings |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |
Total Shareholders Equity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares |
Amount |
Shares |
Amount |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2004 |
1,303 | $ | 13 | 369,624 | $ | 3,696 | $ | 2,234,093 | $ | (18,419 | ) | $ | 150,018 | $ | (141,199 | ) | $ | 2,228,202 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income |
91,994 | 91,994 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss |
(10,066 | ) | (10,066 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options and warrants, including tax benefit |
1,576 | 16 | 14,294 | 14,310 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock upon acquisition |
144 | 1 | 1,739 | 1,740 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchases of common stock |
(2,476 | ) | (25 | ) | (32,518 | ) | (32,543 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of restricted stock |
199 | 2 | 2,626 | (2,628 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cancellation of restricted stock |
(312 | ) | (3 | ) | (2,557 | ) | 2,560 | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement of restricted stock to pay taxes |
(20 | ) | | (303 | ) | (303 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of deferred stock compensation |
501 | 501 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other |
(3 | ) | 0 | 39 | 39 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2005 |
1,300 | $ | 13 | 368,735 | $ | 3,687 | $ | 2,217,413 | $ | (17,986 | ) | $ | 242,012 | $ | (151,265 | ) | $ | 2,293,874 | ||||||||||||||||
Shares Exchangeable into Common Stock |
Common Stock |
Additional Paid-in Capital |
Deferred Stock Compensation |
Accumulated Deficit |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |
Total Shareholders Equity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares |
Amount |
Shares |
Amount |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2003 |
1,386 | $ | 14 | 366,636 | $ | 3,666 | $ | 2,247,930 | $ | (12,874 | ) | $ | (230,465 | ) | $ | (89,977 | ) | $ | 1,918,294 | |||||||||||||||
Net income |
88,475 | 88,475 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss |
(9,901 | ) | (9,901 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options and warrants, including tax benefit |
4,309 | 43 | 27,233 | 27,276 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchases of common stock |
(3,750 | ) | (38 | ) | (49,892 | ) | (49,930 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of restricted stock |
150 | 2 | 2,082 | (2,084 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cancellation of restricted stock |
(138 | ) | (1 | ) | (1,181 | ) | 859 | (323 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of deferred stock compensation |
892 | 892 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other |
(60 | ) | (1 | ) | 60 | 1 | 3,018 | 3,018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2004 |
1,326 | $ | 13 | 367,267 | $ | 3,673 | $ | 2,229,190 | $ | (13,207 | ) | $ | (141,990 | ) | $ | (99,878 | ) | $ | 1,977,801 | |||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
6
E*TRADE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 91,994 | $ | 88,475 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Provision for loan losses |
12,040 | 9,055 | ||||||
Depreciation, amortization and accretion |
92,468 | 100,495 | ||||||
Realized loss and impairment of investments |
160 | 8,386 | ||||||
Equity in income of subsidiaries and investments |
(1,926 | ) | (2,803 | ) | ||||
Non-cash restructuring costs and other exit charges |
562 | (865 | ) | |||||
Amortization of deferred stock compensation |
501 | 892 | ||||||
Gain on sale of investments |
(52,085 | ) | (80,015 | ) | ||||
Unrealized gains (losses) on venture funds |
(951 | ) | 130 | |||||
Other |
(2,205 | ) | (1,404 | ) | ||||
Net effect of changes in brokerage-related assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Decrease (increase) in cash and investments required to be segregated under Federal or other regulations |
(1,298,021 | ) | 376,238 | |||||
Increase in brokerage receivables |
(434,170 | ) | (1,417,060 | ) | ||||
Increase in brokerage payables |
1,607,674 | 979,565 | ||||||
Net effect of changes in banking-related assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Proceeds from sales, repayments and maturities of loans held-for-sale |
991,228 | 3,609,362 | ||||||
Purchases of loans held-for-sale |
(1,008,858 | ) | (1,474,585 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sales, repayments and maturities of trading securities |
1,726,655 | 2,100,477 | ||||||
Purchases of trading securities |
(1,363,016 | ) | (3,611,085 | ) | ||||
Other changes, net: |
||||||||
(Increase) decrease in other assets |
(11,383 | ) | 170,650 | |||||
Accrued interest receivable and payable, net |
(16,333 | ) | 13,653 | |||||
Decrease in accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities |
(46,161 | ) | (221,135 | ) | ||||
Decrease in restructuring liabilities |
(1,921 | ) | (4,082 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations |
$ | 286,252 | $ | 644,344 | ||||
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
7
E*TRADE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Purchases of mortgage-backed securities, available-for-sale securities and other investments |
$ | (2,104,353 | ) | $ | (6,207,835 | ) | ||
Proceeds from sales, maturities of and principal payments on mortgage-backed securities, available-for-sale securities and other investments |
2,716,647 | 6,074,407 | ||||||
Net increase in loans receivable |
(1,455,729 | ) | (200,582 | ) | ||||
Purchases of FHLB stock |
(27,135 | ) | (21,224 | ) | ||||
Purchases of property and equipment |
(19,170 | ) | (24,550 | ) | ||||
Net cash flow from derivatives hedging assets |
(1,667 | ) | (9,429 | ) | ||||
Cash used in acquisition |
(1,722 | ) | | |||||
Other |
1,452 | (486 | ) | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations |
(891,677 | ) | (389,699 | ) | ||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in banking deposits |
236,843 | (539,120 | ) | |||||
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank |
4,048,000 | | ||||||
Payments on advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank |
(3,445,000 | ) | | |||||
Net increase (decrease) in securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
(407,452 | ) | 325,204 | |||||
Net decrease in other borrowed funds |
(16,649 | ) | (61,111 | ) | ||||
Repayments on loans to related parties, net of loans issued |
| 9 | ||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock from employee stock transactions |
10,965 | 18,368 | ||||||
Proceeds from issuance of subordinated debentures and trust preferred securities |
| 24,320 | ||||||
Proceeds from Company loans and lines of credit, net of transaction costs |
| 39,500 | ||||||
Purchases of treasury stock |
(32,543 | ) | (49,930 | ) | ||||
Repayment of capital lease obligations |
(60 | ) | (251 | ) | ||||
Net cash flow from derivatives hedging liabilities |
(7,589 | ) | (86,547 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities from continuing operations |
386,515 | (329,558 | ) | |||||
CASH FLOWS USED IN DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS |
| (884 | ) | |||||
DECREASE IN CASH AND EQUIVALENTS |
(218,910 | ) | (75,797 | ) | ||||
CASH AND EQUIVALENTSBeginning of period |
939,906 | 921,364 | ||||||
CASH AND EQUIVALENTSEnd of period |
$ | 720,996 | $ | 845,567 | ||||
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES: |
||||||||
Cash paid for interest |
$ | 134,882 | $ | 116,294 | ||||
Cash paid for income taxes |
$ | 20,919 | $ | 4,504 | ||||
Non-cash investing and financing activities: |
||||||||
Tax benefit on exercise of stock options |
$ | 3,345 | $ | 8,830 | ||||
Transfer from loans to other real estate owned and repossessed assets |
$ | 10,910 | $ | 12,503 | ||||
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
8
E*TRADE FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Organization
E*TRADE Financial Corporation (the Company, Parent or E*TRADE FINANCIAL) is a family of companies that provide financial services including trading, investing, banking and lending for retail and institutional customers.
Trading and investing products and services are primarily offered by the Companys broker-dealer subsidiaries. The Companys significant broker-dealers include:
| E*TRADE Securities LLC (E*TRADE Securities); |
| E*TRADE Clearing LLC (E*TRADE Clearing), the clearing firm for the Companys broker-dealers; |
| E*TRADE Professional Trading, LLC and E*TRADE Professional Securities, LLC (collectively E*TRADE Professional); and |
| E*TRADE Capital MarketsExecution Services, LLC and E*TRADE Capital Markets, LLC (collectively, E*TRADE Capital Markets), formerly Dempsey & Company and GVR, respectively. |
Banking and lending products and services are primarily offered through subsidiaries of E*TRADE Bank (the Bank), a Federally chartered savings bank that provides deposit accounts that are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). The Banks significant subsidiaries include:
| E*TRADE Consumer Finance Corporation (E*TRADE Consumer Finance), a consumer loan originator and servicer; and |
| E*TRADE Mortgage Corporation (E*TRADE Mortgage), a direct-to-customer mortgage loan originator. |
Basis of Presentation
These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and Regulation S-X, Article 10 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. They are unaudited and exclude some of the disclosures for annual financial statements. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments so that the financial statements are presented fairly. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2005 may not be indicative of future results. Certain prior period items in these condensed consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Because the Company operates in the financial services industry, it follows certain accounting guidance used by the brokerage and banking industries.
These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of E*TRADE Financial Corporation included in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.
New Revenue Reporting Format
Beginning in 2005, we revised our presentation of revenue in our consolidated statements of operations. In our new format, we show total revenues in an integrated view rather than separately by brokerage and banking. Commission revenues include commissions generated by our retail customers and now also includes the commission-based portion of our global execution and settlement service business, which were previously
9
reported as principal transactions. We have also combined our previously reported gains on originated loans with gains on loans and securities, net. Items previously reported as other brokerage- and banking-related revenues have been combined and presented as service charges and fees and other revenues. Finally, brokerage and banking interest income and expense have been combined.
NOTE 2RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
SFAS No. 123RShare-Based Payments
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment. This statement supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, and its related implementation guidance. The statement establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods and services. This statement focuses primarily on accounting for transactions in which an entity obtains employee services in share-based payment transactions. The most significant change resulting from this statement is the requirement for public companies to expense employee share-based payments at their fair value through earnings as such options vest. This statement was originally effective for public companies as of the beginning of the first interim or annual reporting period that begins after June 15, 2005. In April 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) announced that the effective date was delayed to no later than fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. The Company is evaluating this announcement to determine whether to adopt this statement effective July 1, 2005. Note 9 contains the pro forma effect on net income had the Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No, 123, for each period presented.
SAB No. 107Share-Based Payment
In March 2005, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 107, Share-Based Payment, which expresses the SEC staffs views on SFAS No. 123(R). In particular, SAB No. 107 describes the SEC staffs views on share-based payment transactions with non-employees; topics relating to valuation methods such as guidance regarding estimates of expected volatility and term; the classification of compensation expense; non-GAAP financial measures in the financial statements; capitalization of compensation cost related to share-based payment arrangements; first time adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) in an interim period; accounting for income tax effects of share-based payment arrangements upon adoption of SFAS No. 123(R); the modification of employee share options prior to adoption of Statement 123(R) and disclosure in the MD&A subsequent to adoption of SFAS No. 123(R). The Company will adopt SAB No. 107 in conjunction with its adoption of SFAS No. 123(R).
SOP No. 03-3Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer
In December 2003, the Accounting Standards Executive Committee of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants issued SOP No. 03-3, Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer to address accounting for differences between the contractual cash flows of certain loans and debt securities and the cash flows expected to be collected when loans or debt securities are acquired in a transfer and those cash flow differences are attributable, at least in part, to credit quality. As such, SOP No. 03-3 applies to loans and debt securities purchased or acquired in purchase business combinations and does not apply to originated loans. The application of SOP No. 03-3 limits the interest income, including accretion of purchase price discounts, that may be recognized for certain loans and debt securities. Additionally, SOP No. 03-3 requires that the excess of contractual cash flows over cash flows expected to be collected (nonaccretable difference) not be recognized as an adjustment of yield or valuation allowance, such as the allowance for credit losses. Subsequent to the initial investment, increases in expected cash flows generally should be recognized prospectively through adjustment of the yield on the loan or debt security over its remaining life. Decreases in expected cash flows should be recognized as impairment. SOP No. 03-3 is effective for loans and debt securities acquired in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2004, with early application encouraged. In 2005, the Company adopted this new pronouncement, which effect was not material to the Companys financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
10
NOTE 3BROKERAGE RECEIVABLES, NET AND PAYABLES
Brokerage receivables, net and payables consist of the following (in thousands):
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 | |||||
Receivable from customers and non-customers (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $4,111 at March 31, 2005 and $1,970 at December 31, 2004) |
$ | 2,273,107 | $ | 2,214,210 | ||
Receivable from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations: |
||||||
Net settlement and deposits with clearing organizations |
177,519 | 158,780 | ||||
Deposits paid for securities borrowed |
966,364 | 613,546 | ||||
Securities failed to deliver |
10,279 | 11,762 | ||||
Other |
32,211 | 36,250 | ||||
Total brokerage receivables, net |
$ | 3,459,480 | $ | 3,034,548 | ||
Payable to customers and non-customers |
$ | 4,008,567 | $ | 2,805,662 | ||
Payable to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations: |
||||||
Deposits received for securities loaned |
1,125,580 | 735,622 | ||||
Securities failed to receive |
19,851 | 10,604 | ||||
Other |
51,028 | 67,004 | ||||
Total brokerage payables |
$ | 5,205,026 | $ | 3,618,892 | ||
Receivable from customers primarily represents credit extended to customers to finance their purchases of securities on margin, as well as commission receivables from customers upon settlement of their trades. Receivable from non-customers primarily represents credit extended to principal officers and directors of the Company to finance their purchase of securities on margin. Securities owned by customers and non-customers are held as collateral for amounts due on margin balances, the value of which is not reflected in the consolidated balance sheets. In many cases, the Company is permitted to sell or repledge these securities held as collateral and use the securities to enter into securities lending transactions, to collateralize borrowings or for delivery to counterparties to cover customer short positions. At March 31, 2005, the fair value of securities that the Company has received as collateral, where the Company is permitted to sell or repledge the securities is approximately $3,963 million. Of this amount, $1,500 million has been pledged or sold at March 31, 2005 in connection with securities loans, bank borrowings and deposits with clearing organizations.
Receivable from and payable to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations result from the Companys brokerage activities. Payable to customers and non-customers represents free credit balances and other customer and non-customer funds pending completion of securities transactions. The Company pays interest on certain customer and non-customer credit balances.
11
NOTE 4AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE MORTGAGE-BACKED AND INVESTMENT SECURITIES
The amortized cost basis and estimated fair values of available-for-sale mortgage-backed and investment securities are shown in the following table (in thousands):
Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
Estimated Fair Values | ||||||||||
March 31, 2005: |
|||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities: |
|||||||||||||
U.S. Government sponsored enterprise obligations: |
|||||||||||||
Federal National Mortgage Association |
$ | 4,887,817 | $ | | $ | (154,988 | ) | $ | 4,732,829 | ||||
Government National Mortgage Association |
2,639,240 | | (88,787 | ) | 2,550,453 | ||||||||
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation |
21,055 | | (2,041 | ) | 19,014 | ||||||||
Total U.S. Government sponsored enterprise |
7,548,112 | | (245,816 | ) | 7,302,296 | ||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations |
1,058,588 | 808 | (22,176 | ) | 1,037,220 | ||||||||
Private issuer and other |
6,092 | 48 | (56 | ) | 6,084 | ||||||||
Total mortgage-backed securities |
8,612,792 | 856 | (268,048 | ) | 8,345,600 | ||||||||
Investment securities: |
|||||||||||||
Debt securities: |
|||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
2,739,145 | 23,077 | (23,087 | ) | 2,739,135 | ||||||||
Municipal bonds |
144,075 | 1,410 | (2,517 | ) | 142,968 | ||||||||
Corporate bonds |
84,919 | | (3,076 | ) | 81,843 | ||||||||
Other debt securities |
80,561 | | (6,201 | ) | 74,360 | ||||||||
Total debt securities |
3,048,700 | 24,487 | (34,881 | ) | 3,038,306 | ||||||||
Publicly traded equity securities |
311,718 | 100,278 | (2,700 | ) | 409,296 | ||||||||
Retained interests from securitizations |
24,052 | 1,892 | | 25,944 | |||||||||
Total investment securities |
3,384,470 | 126,657 | (37,581 | ) | 3,473,546 | ||||||||
Total available-for-sale securities |
$ | 11,997,262 | $ | 127,513 | $ | (305,629 | ) | $ | 11,819,146 | ||||
December 31, 2004: |
|||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities: |
|||||||||||||
U.S. Government sponsored enterprise obligations: |
|||||||||||||
Federal National Mortgage Association |
$ | 5,149,991 | $ | 203 | $ | (87,990 | ) | $ | 5,062,204 | ||||
Government National Mortgage Association |
2,767,087 | 349 | (56,628 | ) | 2,710,808 | ||||||||
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation |
21,057 | | (862 | ) | 20,195 | ||||||||
Total U.S. Government sponsored enterprise |
7,938,135 | 552 | (145,480 | ) | 7,793,207 | ||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations |
1,259,497 | 4,983 | (12,539 | ) | 1,251,941 | ||||||||
Private issuer and other |
7,239 | 25 | (343 | ) | 6,921 | ||||||||
Total mortgage-backed securities |
9,204,871 | 5,560 | (158,362 | ) | 9,052,069 | ||||||||
Investment securities: |
|||||||||||||
Debt securities: |
|||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
2,789,471 | 21,662 | (14,704 | ) | 2,796,429 | ||||||||
Municipal bonds |
136,362 | 1,391 | (1,082 | ) | 136,671 | ||||||||
Corporate bonds |
87,959 | | (3,444 | ) | 84,515 | ||||||||
Other debt securities |
80,189 | | (4,767 | ) | 75,422 | ||||||||
Total debt securities |
3,093,981 | 23,053 | (23,997 | ) | 3,093,037 | ||||||||
Publicly traded equity securities |
295,593 | 81,304 | (2,055 | ) | 374,842 | ||||||||
Retained interests from securitizations |
23,870 | | | 23,870 | |||||||||
Total investment securities |
3,413,444 | 104,357 | (26,052 | ) | 3,491,749 | ||||||||
Total available-for-sale securities |
$ | 12,618,315 | $ | 109,917 | $ | (184,414 | ) | $ | 12,543,818 | ||||
12
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment of Investments
The following table shows the fair value and unrealized losses on investments, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position (in thousands):
Less than 12 months |
12 months or more |
Total |
|||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2005: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government sponsored enterprise |
$ | 5,004,816 | $ | (153,689 | ) | $ | 2,297,465 | $ | (92,127 | ) | $ | 7,302,281 | $ | (245,816 | ) | ||||||
Other |
808,099 | (15,398 | ) | 165,902 | (6,834 | ) | 974,001 | (22,232 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total mortgage-backed securities |
5,812,915 | (169,087 | ) | 2,463,367 | (98,961 | ) | 8,276,282 | (268,048 | ) | ||||||||||||
Investment securities: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
1,095,673 | (13,467 | ) | 21,191 | (9,620 | ) | 1,116,864 | (23,087 | ) | ||||||||||||
Municipal bonds |
86,266 | (2,255 | ) | 6,678 | (262 | ) | 92,944 | (2,517 | ) | ||||||||||||
Corporate bonds |
| | 81,843 | (3,076 | ) | 81,843 | (3,076 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other debt securities |
| | 73,148 | (6,201 | ) | 73,148 | (6,201 | ) | |||||||||||||
Publicly traded equity securities |
88,934 | (2,025 | ) | 4,325 | (675 | ) | 93,259 | (2,700 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total investment securities |
1,270,873 | (17,747 | ) | 187,185 | (19,834 | ) | 1,458,058 | (37,581 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total temporarily impaired securities |
$ | 7,083,788 | $ | (186,834 | ) | $ | 2,650,552 | $ | (118,795 | ) | $ | 9,734,340 | $ | (305,629 | ) | ||||||
December 31, 2004: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government sponsored enterprise |
$ | 5,504,676 | $ | (85,020 | ) | $ | 2,135,727 | $ | (60,460 | ) | $ | 7,640,403 | $ | (145,480 | ) | ||||||
Other |
704,369 | (6,715 | ) | 175,678 | (6,167 | ) | 880,047 | (12,882 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total mortgage-backed securities |
6,209,045 | (91,735 | ) | 2,311,405 | (66,627 | ) | 8,520,450 | (158,362 | ) | ||||||||||||
Investment securities: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
771,250 | (5,851 | ) | 20,769 | (8,853 | ) | 792,019 | (14,704 | ) | ||||||||||||
Municipal bonds |
72,146 | (1,082 | ) | | | 72,146 | (1,082 | ) | |||||||||||||
Corporate bonds |
| | 84,515 | (3,444 | ) | 84,515 | (3,444 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other debt securities |
| | 74,700 | (4,767 | ) | 74,700 | (4,767 | ) | |||||||||||||
Publicly traded equity securities |
52,717 | (2,055 | ) | | | 52,717 | (2,055 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total investment securities |
896,113 | (8,988 | ) | 179,984 | (17,064 | ) | 1,076,097 | (26,052 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total temporarily impaired securities |
$ | 7,105,158 | $ | (100,723 | ) | $ | 2,491,389 | $ | (83,691 | ) | $ | 9,596,547 | $ | (184,414 | ) | ||||||
The Company regularly analyzes certain available-for-sale investments for other-than-temporary impairment when the fair value of the investment is lower than its book value. The Companys methodology for determining impairment involves projecting cash flows relating to each investment and using assumptions as to future prepayment speeds, losses and loss severities over the life of the underlying collateral pool. Assumptions about future performance are derived from the actual performance to date and the Companys view on how the collateral will perform in the future. In projecting future performance, the Company incorporates the views of industry analysts, rating agencies and the management of the issuer, along with its own independent analysis of the issuer of the securities, the servicer, the economy and the relevant sector as a whole. If the Company determines impairment is other-than-temporary, it reduces the recorded book value of the investment by the amount of the impairment and recognizes a realized loss on the investment. The Company does not, however, adjust the recorded book value for declines in fair value that it believes are temporary. The Company has the intent and ability to hold these securities for the foreseeable future and has not made the decision to dispose of these securities as of March 31, 2005. Management continues to monitor and evaluate these securities closely for impairment that is other-than-temporary.
13
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities that both have unrealized losses and are rated below AA by at least half of the agencies that rate the securities, as well as interest-only securities that have unrealized losses, are evaluated for impairment in accordance with EITF 99-20, Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interest in Securitized Financial Assets. Accordingly, when the present value of a securitys anticipated cash flows declines below the last periodic estimate, the Company recognizes an impairment charge in gain on sales of loans and securities, net in the consolidated statements of operations. Based on its evaluation, the Company recorded other-than-temporary charges of $0.1 million and $4.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Publicly Traded Equity Securities
Publicly traded equity securities include investments in preferred stock of Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), Federal Home Loan Corporation (Freddie Mac), Softbank Investment Corporation (SBI) and Archipelago Holdings, Incorporated (Archipelago). Fair value of Fannie Mae was $187.2 million and $187.6 million, with unrealized losses of $1.1 million and $0.7 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively. Fair value of Freddie Mac was $92.4 million and $87.0 million, with an unrealized loss of $1.4 million and an unrealized gain of $1.1 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively. Fair value of SBI was $57.0 million and $78.6 million, with unrealized gains of $47.6 million and $66.3 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company recognized gains of $15.2 million and $34.2 million, respectively, on sales of SBI, reducing its ownership to 2.24%. Fair value of Archipelago was $9.5 million and $11.3 million, with unrealized gains of $3.9 million and $5.6 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively. In April 2005, the Company sold all of its holdings in Archipelago, recognizing gains of approximately $9.9 million.
14
Loans, net are summarized as follows (in thousands):
Held-for- Investment |
Held-for- Sale |
Total Loans |
|||||||||
March 31, 2005: |
|||||||||||
Real estate loans: |
|||||||||||
One- to four-family |
$ | 4,125,578 | $ | 251,846 | $ | 4,377,424 | |||||
Home equity lines of credit and second mortgage |
4,469,027 | 921 | 4,469,948 | ||||||||
Other |
1,636 | 83 | 1,719 | ||||||||
Total real estate loans |
8,596,241 | 252,850 | 8,849,091 | ||||||||
Consumer and other loans: |
|||||||||||
Recreational vehicle (RV) |
2,724,357 | 43,106 | 2,767,463 | ||||||||
Marine |
744,713 | 8,756 | 753,469 | ||||||||
Automobile |
473,555 | | 473,555 | ||||||||
Credit card |
202,043 | | 202,043 | ||||||||
Commercial |
12,333 | | 12,333 | ||||||||
Other |
14,190 | | 14,190 | ||||||||
Total consumer and other loans |
4,171,191 | 51,862 | 4,223,053 | ||||||||
Total loans |
12,767,432 | 304,712 | 13,072,144 | ||||||||
Unamortized premiums, net |
214,254 | 3,949 | 218,203 | ||||||||
Less allowance for loan losses |
(51,884 | ) | | (51,884 | ) | ||||||
Total loans, net |
$ | 12,929,802 | $ | 308,661 | $ | 13,238,463 | |||||
December 31, 2004: |
|||||||||||
Real estate loans: |
|||||||||||
One- to four-family |
$ | 3,669,594 | $ | 244,593 | $ | 3,914,187 | |||||
Home equity lines of credit and second mortgage |
3,617,074 | 3,009 | 3,620,083 | ||||||||
Other |
1,666 | 86 | 1,752 | ||||||||
Total real estate loans |
7,288,334 | 247,688 | 7,536,022 | ||||||||
Consumer and other loans: |
|||||||||||
Recreational vehicle |
2,542,645 | 25,246 | 2,567,891 | ||||||||
Marine |
720,513 | 3,612 | 724,125 | ||||||||
Automobile |
583,354 | 35 | 583,389 | ||||||||
Credit card |
203,169 | | 203,169 | ||||||||
Commercial |
3,012 | | 3,012 | ||||||||
Other |
16,481 | | 16,481 | ||||||||
Total consumer and other loans |
4,069,174 | 28,893 | 4,098,067 | ||||||||
Total loans |
11,357,508 | 276,581 | 11,634,089 | ||||||||
Unamortized premiums, net |
195,928 | 2,699 | 198,627 | ||||||||
Less allowance for loan losses |
(47,681 | ) | | (47,681 | ) | ||||||
Total loans, net |
$ | 11,505,755 | $ | 279,280 | $ | 11,785,035 | |||||
15
Activity in the allowance for loan losses is summarized as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||
Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period |
$ | 47,681 | $ | 37,847 | ||||
Provision for loan losses |
12,040 | 9,055 | ||||||
Charge-offs |
(12,851 | ) | (12,861 | ) | ||||
Recoveries |
5,014 | 5,710 | ||||||
Allowance for loan losses, end of period |
$ | 51,884 | $ | 39,751 | ||||
In January 2005, the Companys retail segment completed its acquisition of Howard Capital Management, Inc., a registered investment advisory firm with over $500 million in assets under management. The Company paid initial consideration of $1.7 million in cash and issued 0.1 million shares of the Companys common stock. In connection with the acquisition, the Company recorded $0.5 million of goodwill and $4.8 million of intangible assets. In accordance with the agreement, the Company may pay additional cash and stock, based on meeting certain milestones, of up to a total purchase price of approximately $12.0 million.
Deposits are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
Weighted-Average Rate |
Balance at |
Percent |
||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 |
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 |
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 |
|||||||||||||
Sweep deposit account |
0.40 | % | 0.40 | % | $ | 6,290,777 | $ | 6,167,436 | 50.3 | % | 50.1 | % | ||||||
Money market accounts |
2.24 | % | 1.52 | % | 3,261,329 | 3,340,245 | 26.1 | 27.2 | ||||||||||
Certificates of deposit |
3.33 | % | 3.40 | % | 2,107,870 | 2,069,674 | 16.8 | 16.8 | ||||||||||
Brokered certificates of deposit |
3.68 | % | 2.51 | % | 429,868 | 294,587 | 3.4 | 2.4 | ||||||||||
Passbook savings accounts |
1.18 | % | 1.18 | % | 689 | 691 | | | ||||||||||
Checking accounts: |
||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing |
0.66 | % | 0.66 | % | 428,799 | 430,022 | 3.4 | 3.5 | ||||||||||
Non-interest-bearing |
| % | | % | 314 | 319 | | | ||||||||||
Total deposits |
1.49 | % | 1.27 | % | $ | 12,519,646 | $ | 12,302,974 | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||||
NOTE 8OTHER BORROWINGS BY BANK SUBSIDIARY
The Companys other borrowings by Bank subsidiary are shown below (in thousands):
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 | |||||
Federal Home Loan Bank advances |
$ | 2,088,520 | $ | 1,487,841 | ||
Subordinated debentures |
255,360 | 255,300 | ||||
Other |
941 | 17,591 | ||||
Total other borrowings by Bank subsidiary |
$ | 2,344,821 | $ | 1,760,732 | ||
16
Stock Repurchases
During the three months ended March 31, 2005, the Company repurchased 2.5 million shares of its common stock for an aggregate $32.5 million. As of March 31, 2005, the Company had approximately $205.4 million available under its authorized share repurchase and debt retirement plans to purchase additional shares of its common stock or retire additional debt.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for its employee stock option plans under Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related interpretations which requires compensation expense to be recognized for any intrinsic value in stock options at the grant date.
The following table illustrates the effect on the Companys reported net income and net income per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123, to stock-based employee compensation (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||
Net income, as reported |
$ | 91,994 | $ | 88,475 | ||||
Add back: Stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net income, net of tax |
297 | 757 | ||||||
Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value-based method for all awards, net of tax |
(4,114 | ) | (3,429 | ) | ||||
Pro forma net income |
$ | 88,177 | $ | 85,803 | ||||
Net income per share: |
||||||||
Basicas reported |
$ | 0.25 | $ | 0.24 | ||||
Basicpro forma |
$ | 0.24 | $ | 0.24 | ||||
Dilutedas reported |
$ | 0.24 | $ | 0.23 | ||||
Dilutedpro forma |
$ | 0.23 | $ | 0.22 | ||||
Under SFAS No. 123, the fair value of stock-based awards to employees is calculated using option pricing models, even though such models were developed to estimate the fair value of freely tradable, fully transferable options without vesting restrictions, which significantly differ from the Companys stock option awards. These models also require subjective assumptions, including future stock price volatility and expected time to exercise, which significantly affect the calculated values.
The Companys calculations were made using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions applied to grants made in the following periods:
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||
2005 |
2004 |
|||||
Dividend yield |
| | ||||
Expected volatility |
35 | % | 55 | % | ||
Risk-free interest rate |
3 | % | 2 | % | ||
Expected life of option following vesting (in months) |
32 | 20 |
17
The valuations of the computed weighted-average fair values of all option grants under SFAS No. 123 were $4.83 for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and $6.30 for the three months ended March 31, 2004.
NOTE 10FACILITY RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER EXIT CHARGES
The following table summarizes the amount recognized by the Company as restructuring and other exit charges for the periods presented (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|||||||
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
2003 Restructuring Plan |
$ | 93 | $ | (479 | ) | ||
2001 Restructuring Plan |
240 | (350 | ) | ||||
Other exit activity |
229 | (130 | ) | ||||
Total restructuring and other exit charges |
$ | 562 | $ | (959 | ) | ||
In 2005, the Company made adjustments to previously estimated costs associated with its 2003 and 2001 restructuring plans. As of March 31, 2005, restructuring liabilities are included in accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
2003 Restructuring Plan
The rollforward of the 2003 Restructuring Plan reserve is presented below (in thousands):
Facility Consolidation |
Other |
Total |
||||||||||
Original 2003 Restructuring Reserve: |
||||||||||||
Facility restructuring and other exit charges recorded in 2003 & 2004 |
$ | 57,468 | $ | 57,359 | $ | 114,827 | ||||||
Cash payments |
(16,446 | ) | (18,618 | ) | (35,064 | ) | ||||||
Non-cash charges |
(19,254 | ) | (38,370 | ) | (57,624 | ) | ||||||
Restructuring liabilities at December 31, 2004 |
21,768 | 371 | 22,139 | |||||||||
2005 activity on original 2003 restructuring reserve: |
||||||||||||
Adjustment and additional charges recorded in 2005 |
93 | | 93 | |||||||||
Cash payments |
(1,284 | ) | 117 | (1,167 | ) | |||||||
Restructuring liabilities at March 31, 2005 |
$ | 20,577 | $ | 488 | $ | 21,065 | ||||||
18
2001 Facility Restructuring Plan
The rollforward of the 2001 Restructuring Plan reserve is presented below (in thousands):
Facility Consolidation |
Asset Write-Off |
Other |
Total |
|||||||||||||
Total 2001 facility restructuring and other nonrecurring charges recorded in 2001 |
$ | 128,469 | $ | 52,532 | $ | 21,764 | $ | 202,765 | ||||||||
Activity through December 31, 2004: |
||||||||||||||||
Adjustments and additional charges |
21,404 | 2,072 | 3,499 | 26,975 | ||||||||||||
Cash payments |
(98,370 | ) | (67 | ) | (19,287 | ) | (117,724 | ) | ||||||||
Non-cash charges |
(41,263 | ) | (53,877 | ) | (5,810 | ) | (100,950 | ) | ||||||||
Restructuring liabilities at December 31, 2004 |
10,240 | 660 | 166 | 11,066 | ||||||||||||
2005 activity on original 2001 restructuring reserve: |
||||||||||||||||
Adjustments and additional charges recorded in 2005 |
240 | | | 240 | ||||||||||||
Cash payments |
(1,080 | ) | | | (1,080 | ) | ||||||||||
Restructuring liabilities at March 31, 2005 |
$ | 9,400 | $ | 660 | $ | 166 | $ | 10,226 | ||||||||
Other Exit Activity
Other exit activity for the three months ended March 31, 2005 is primarily related to the liquidation of the E*TRADE Money Market Funds, partially offset by revisions of previous estimates of various exit activities. The liquidation costs primarily represent costs relating to customer notification, severance and reimbursement of losses taken on sales of securities. Other exit activity for the three months ended March 31, 2004 was primarily related to additional costs, net of recoveries, for the exit of the Companys proprietary institutional research business located in Europe.
19
The following table is a reconciliation of basic and diluted income per share (in thousands, except per share data):
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|||||||
2005 |
2004 |
||||||
BASIC: |
|||||||
Numerator: |
|||||||
Net income from continuing operations |
$ | 91,994 | $ | 89,585 | |||
Net loss from discontinued operations |
| (1,110 | ) | ||||
Net income |
$ | 91,994 | $ | 88,475 | |||
Denominator: |
|||||||
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding |
366,130 | 365,045 | |||||
Per Share: |
|||||||
Net income per share from continuing operations |
$ | 0.25 | $ | 0.24 | |||
Net loss per share from discontinued operations |
| (0.00 | ) | ||||
Income per share |
$ | 0.25 | $ | 0.24 | |||
DILUTED: |
|||||||
Numerator: |
|||||||
Net income from continuing operations |
$ | 91,994 | $ | 89,585 | |||
Net loss from discontinued operations |
| (1,110 | ) | ||||
Net income |
91,994 | 88,475 | |||||
Interest on convertible subordinated notes, net of tax |
| 7,618 | |||||
Net income, as adjusted |
$ | 91,994 | $ | 96,093 | |||
Denominator: |
|||||||
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding |
366,130 | 365,045 | |||||
Effect of dilutive securities: |
|||||||
Weighted-average options and restricted stock issued to employees |
9,987 | 12,193 | |||||
Weighted-average warrants and contingent shares outstanding |
2,617 | 2,477 | |||||
Shares issuable for assumed conversion of convertible subordinated notes |
| 45,440 | |||||
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding |
378,734 | 425,155 | |||||
Per Share: |
|||||||
Net income per share from continuing operations |
$ | 0.24 | $ | 0.23 | |||
Net loss per share from discontinued operations |
| (0.00 | ) | ||||
Net income per share |
$ | 0.24 | $ | 0.23 | |||
Excluded from the calculation of diluted income per share for the three months ended March 31, 2005, are 7.8 million shares of common stock issuable under convertible subordinated notes as the effect of applying treasury stock method on an if-converted basis would be anti-dilutive.
20
The following options to purchase shares of common stock have not been included in the computation of diluted income per share because the options exercise price was greater than the average market price of the Companys common stock for the periods stated, and, therefore, the effect would be anti-dilutive (in thousands, except exercise price data):
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||
2005 |
2004 | |||||
Options excluded from computation of diluted income per share |
11,534 | 9,393 | ||||
Exercise price ranges: |
||||||
High |
$ | 58.19 | $ | 58.19 | ||
Low |
$ | 13.16 | $ | 13.89 |
NOTE 12REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
Registered Broker-Dealers
The Companys broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to the Uniform Net Capital Rule (the Rule) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 administered by the SEC, the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), the Chicago Stock Exchange (CHX), the Philadelphia Stock Exchange (PHLX) and the NASD Inc. (NASD), which requires the maintenance of minimum net capital. E*TRADE Securities, E*TRADE Clearing and E*TRADE Professional Trading have elected to use the alternative method to compute net capital permitted by the Rule, which requires that they maintain minimum net capital equal to the greater of $250,000 or two percent of aggregate debit balances arising from customer transactions, as defined.
Under the alternative method, a broker-dealer may not repay subordinated borrowings, pay cash dividends or make any unsecured advances or loans to its parent or employees if such payment would result in net capital of less than 5% of aggregate debit balances or less than 120% of its minimum dollar amount requirement.
The table below summarizes the minimum excess capital requirements for the Companys broker-dealer subsidiaries (in thousands):
March 31, 2005 | |||||||||
Required Net Capital |
Net Capital |
Excess Net Capital | |||||||
E*TRADE Securities LLC |
$ | 250 | $ | 38,118 | $ | 37,868 | |||
E*TRADE Clearing LLC |
49,561 | 312,451 | 262,890 | ||||||
E*TRADE Capital Markets - Execution Services, LLC |
436 | 9,836 | 9,400 | ||||||
E*TRADE Capital Markets, LLC |
1,303 | 38,684 | 37,381 | ||||||
E*TRADE Professional Trading, LLC |
250 | 3,087 | 2,837 | ||||||
E*TRADE Professional Securities, LLC |
366 | 2,602 | 2,236 | ||||||
VERSUS Brokerage Service (U.S.) Inc. |
100 | 702 | 602 | ||||||
E*TRADE Global Asset Management, Inc. |
532 | 23,844 | 23,312 | ||||||
International broker-dealers |
33,911 | 76,529 | 42,618 | ||||||
Totals |
$ | 86,709 | $ | 505,853 | $ | 419,144 | |||
Banking
The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by Federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can trigger certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Banks financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Banks assets, liabilities, and
21
certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Banks capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of Total and Tier I Capital to Risk-weighted assets and Tier I Capital to Adjusted total assets. As shown in the following table, at March 31, 2005, the most recent date of notification, the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS) categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the Banks category. At March 31, 2005, management believes that the Bank meets all capital adequacy requirements to which it is subject. However, events beyond managements control, such as fluctuations in interest rates or a downturn in the economy in areas in which the Banks loans or securities are concentrated, could adversely affect future earnings and consequently, the Banks ability to meet its future capital requirements.
The Banks required actual capital amounts and ratios are presented in the table below (dollars in thousands):
Actual |
Required for Capital Adequacy Purposes |
Required to be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions |
||||||||||||||||
Amount |
Ratio |
Amount |
Ratio |
Amount |
Ratio |
|||||||||||||
March 31, 2005: |
||||||||||||||||||
Total Capital to Risk-weighted assets |
$ | 1,627,873 | 11.27 | % | >$ | 1,155,637 | >8.0 | % | >$ | 1,444,546 | >10.0 | % | ||||||
Tier I Capital to Risk-weighted assets |
$ | 1,575,989 | 10.91 | % | >$ | 577,818 | >4.0 | % | >$ | 866,728 | >6.0 | % | ||||||
Tier I Capital to Adjusted total assets |
$ | 1,575,989 | 6.06 | % | >$ | 1,039,846 | >4.0 | % | >$ | 1,299,807 | >5.0 | % | ||||||
December 31, 2004: |
||||||||||||||||||
Total Capital to Risk-weighted assets |
$ | 1,533,934 | 11.09 | % | >$ | 1,106,778 | >8.0 | % | >$ | 1,383,472 | >10.0 | % | ||||||
Tier I Capital to Risk-weighted assets |
$ | 1,486,422 | 10.74 | % | >$ | 553,389 | >4.0 | % | >$ | 830,083 | >6.0 | % | ||||||
Tier I Capital to Adjusted total assets |
$ | 1,486,422 | 5.83 | % | >$ | 1,019,659 | >4.0 | % | >$ | 1,274,574 | >5.0 | % |
NOTE 13COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND OTHER REGULATORY MATTERS
Legal Matters
In 2003, the Company became involved in arbitration relating to the Companys former Israeli joint venture. The E*TRADE Israel venture was closed in 2002, and the Company subsequently terminated the Israeli companys trademark and technology license and sought damages based on the licensees failure to perform its obligations. The licensee counterclaimed against the Company for unspecified damages for such termination. Following the hearing of this arbitration, which took place during October 2004, the arbitration tribunal, while finding that the licensee owed certain debts to the Company, decided against the Company and issued an award in favor of the licensee on or about January 31, 2005. As a result, the Company recognized a net amount of $14.1 million in additional exit charges through March 31, 2005. The Company has subsequently settled this matter and there will be no further costs associated with this matter.
In June 2002, the Company acquired from MarketXT Holdings, Inc. (formerly known as Tradescape Corporation) (Tradescape) certain entities referred to as Tradescape Securities, LLC, Tradescape Technologies, LLC and Momentum Securities, LLC. Numerous disputes have arisen between the parties regarding value and responsibility for various liabilities that were first made apparent following the sale. The parties have each filed lawsuits relating to these disputes. On April 8, 2004, Tradescape filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against the Company, certain of its officers and directors and other third parties, including Softbank Finance Corporation and Softbank Corporation, alleging that the defendants acted improperly in preventing plaintiffs from obtaining certain contingent payments and claiming damages of $1.5 billion. On April 9, 2004, the Company filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against certain directors and officers of Tradescape seeking declaratory relief and monetary
22
damages in an amount to be proven at trial for defendants fraud in connection with the 2002 sale transaction, including, but not limited to, having presented the Company with fraudulent financial statements of the condition of Momentum Securities during the due diligence process. The Company believes that Tradescapes claims against it are without merit and intends both to vigorously defend the suit and to fully pursue its own claims described above. The Company is unable to predict the outcome of these actions. Management believes that these actions will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In April 2005, the NASD entered into a letter of Acceptance, Waiver and Consent resolving the NASDs findings that, among other things, the entity formerly known as Momentum Securities, LLC failed to maintain the required minimum net capital during the periods from December 2001 through June 30, 2002 (prior to the Companys acquisition of the entity) and failed and neglected to file accurate financial reports for the period, in each case materially overstating its net capital.
Regulatory Matters
The securities and banking industries are subject to extensive regulation under Federal, state and applicable international laws. As a result, the Company is required to comply with many complex laws and rules and its ability to so comply is dependent in part on the establishment and maintenance of a qualified compliance system. From time to time, the Company has been threatened with, or named as a defendant in, lawsuits, arbitrations and administrative claims involving securities, banking and other matters. The Company is also subject to periodic regulatory audits and inspections. Compliance and trading problems that are reported to regulators, such as the SEC, the NYSE, the NASD or the OTS by dissatisfied customers or others are investigated by such regulators, and may, if pursued, result in formal claims being filed against the Company by customers and/or disciplinary action being taken against the Company by regulators. Any such claims or disciplinary actions that are decided against the Company could harm the Companys business.
CommitmentsLoans
In the normal course of business, the Bank makes various commitments to extend credit and incur contingent liabilities that are not reflected in the consolidated balance sheets. The Bank had the following loan commitments (in thousands):
March 31, 2005 | |||||||||
Variable Rate |
Fixed Rate |
Total | |||||||
Commitments to purchase loans: |
|||||||||
Mortgage loans |
$ | 139,667 | $ | 116,154 | $ | 255,821 | |||
Other loans |
| 14,327 | 14,327 | ||||||
Total commitments to purchase loans |
$ | 139,667 | $ | 130,481 | $ | 270,148 | |||
Commitments to originate loans: |
|||||||||
Mortgage loans |
$ | 36,944 | $ | 152,132 | $ | 189,076 | |||
Other loans |
| 594,638 | 594,638 | ||||||
Total commitments to originate loans |
$ | 36,944 | $ | 746,770 | $ | 783,714 | |||
Commitments to sell mortgage loans |
$ | 22,621 | $ | 52,772 | $ | 75,393 | |||
Significant changes in the economy or interest rates influence the impact that these commitments and contingencies have on the Company in the future.
At March 31, 2005, the Bank had commitments to purchase $0.7 billion and sell $0.8 billion in securities. In addition, the Bank had approximately $1.6 billion of certificates of deposit scheduled to mature in less than one year and $3.4 billion of unfunded commitments to extend credit.
23
Guarantees
The Bank provides guarantees to investors purchasing mortgage loans, which are considered standard representations and warranties within the mortgage industry. The primary guarantees are as follows:
| The mortgage and the mortgage note have been duly executed and each is the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Bank, enforceable in accordance with its terms. The mortgage has been duly acknowledged and recorded and is valid. The mortgage and the mortgage note are not subject to any right of rescission, set-off, counterclaim or defense, including, without limitation, the defense of usury, and no such right of rescission, set-off, counterclaim or defense has been asserted with respect thereto. If these claims prove to be untrue, the investor can require the Bank to repurchase the loan and return all loan purchase and servicing release premiums. |
| Should any eligible mortgage loan delivered pay off prior to the receipt of the first payment, the loan purchase and servicing release premiums shall be fully refunded. |
| Should any eligible mortgage loan delivered to an investor pay off between the receipt of the first payment and a contractually designated period of time (typically 60 - 120 days from the date of purchase), the servicing release premium shall be fully refunded. |
Management has determined that the maximum potential liability under these guarantees at March 31, 2005 is $29.3 million based on all available information. The current carrying amount of the liability recorded at March 31, 2005 is $0.8 million and is considered adequate based upon analysis of historical trends and current economic conditions for these guarantees.
ETB Holdings, Inc. (ETBH) raises capital through the formation of trusts, which sell trust preferred stock in the capital markets. The capital securities are mandatorily redeemable in whole at the due date, which is generally 30 years after issuance. Each trust issues Floating Rate Cumulative Preferred Securities at par, with a liquidation amount of $1,000 per capital security. The proceeds from the sale of issuances are invested in ETBHs Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Debentures. No trusts were formed or debentures issued during the three months ended March 31, 2005.
During the 30-year period prior to the redemption of these securities, ETBH guarantees the accrued and unpaid distributions on these securities, as well as the redemption price of the securities and certain costs that may be incurred in liquidating, terminating or dissolving the trusts (all of which would otherwise be payable by the trusts). At March 31, 2005, management estimated that the maximum potential liability under this arrangement is equal to approximately $267 million or the total face value of these securities plus dividends, that may be unpaid at the termination of the trust arrangement.
NOTE 14ACCOUNTING FOR DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
The Company enters into derivative transactions to protect against the risk of market price or interest rate movements on the value of certain assets and future cash flows. The Company is also required to recognize certain contracts and commitments as derivatives when the characteristics of those contracts and commitments meet the definition of a derivative as promulgated by SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended.
Fair Value Hedges
Overview of Fair Value Hedges
The Company uses a combination of interest rate swaps, purchased options on caps, floors and forward starting swaps to offset its exposure to changes in value of certain fixed rate assets. In calculating the effective portion of the fair value hedges under SFAS No. 133, the change in the fair value of the derivative is recognized currently in earnings, as is the change in value of the hedged asset attributable to the risk being hedged. Accordingly, the net difference or hedge ineffectiveness, if any, is recognized currently in fair value adjustments of financial derivatives in the consolidated statements of operations.
24
The following table summarizes information related to financial derivatives in fair value hedge relationships (dollars in thousands):
Notional Amount of Derivative |
Fair Value of Derivatives |
Weighted-Average | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset |
Liability |
Net |
Pay Rate |
Receive Rate |
Strike Rate |
Remaining Life (Years) | |||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2005: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pay-fixed interest rate swaps: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
$ | 844,000 | $ | 14,498 | $ | | $ | 14,498 | 4.29 | % | 2.72 | % | | % | 5.14 | ||||||||||
Investment securities |
160,885 | 1,291 | (1,825 | ) | (534 | ) | 4.63 | % | 2.68 | % | | % | 8.58 | ||||||||||||
Receive-fixed interest rate swaps: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit |
415,000 | | (8,169 | ) | (8,169 | ) | 2.68 | % | 3.43 | % | | % | 2.44 | ||||||||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank advances |
100,000 | | (3,480 | ) | (3,480 | ) | 2.81 | % | 3.64 | % | | % | 4.55 | ||||||||||||
Brokered certificates of deposit |
124,500 | | (2,970 | ) | (2,970 | ) | 2.86 | % | 5.15 | % | | % | 12.73 | ||||||||||||
Senior Notes (1) |
150,000 | | (1,462 | ) | (1,462 | ) | 6.33 | % | 8.00 | % | | % | 6.21 | ||||||||||||
Purchased interest rate forward-starting swap |
10,000 | 5 | | 5 | N/A | 6.00 | % | | % | 20.06 | |||||||||||||||
Purchased interest rate options: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Caps (2) |
85,000 | 1,198 | | 1,198 | N/A | N/A | 6.50 | % | 6.32 | ||||||||||||||||
Forward-starting swaps (2) |
365,000 | 7,895 | | 7,895 | N/A | N/A | 5.80 | % | 11.50 | ||||||||||||||||
Total fair value hedges |
$ | 2,254,385 | $ | 24,887 | $ | (17,906 | ) | $ | 6,981 | 3.94 | % | 3.55 | % | 5.93 | % | 6.49 | |||||||||
December 31, 2004: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pay fixed-interest rate swaps: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
$ | 1,045,000 | $ | 3,157 | $ | (5,099 | ) | $ | (1,942 | ) | 4.42 | % | 2.23 | % | | % | 6.06 | ||||||||
Investment securities |
160,885 | | (3,747 | ) | (3,747 | ) | 4.63 | % | 2.09 | % | | % | 8.83 | ||||||||||||
Receive-fixed interest rate swaps: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit |
315,000 | | (1,901 | ) | (1,901 | ) | 2.26 | % | 3.39 | % | | % | 2.90 | ||||||||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank advances |
100,000 | | (1,159 | ) | (1,159 | ) | 2.40 | % | 3.64 | % | | % | 4.80 | ||||||||||||
Brokered certificates of deposit |
10,000 | | (160 | ) | (160 | ) | 2.50 | % | 5.00 | % | | % | 10.01 | ||||||||||||
Senior Notes (1) |
50,000 | 452 | | 452 | 5.98 | % | 8.00 | % | | % | 6.46 | ||||||||||||||
Receive-fixed interest rate forward-starting swaps: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Brokered certificates of deposit |
20,000 | 12 | (60 | ) | (48 | ) | 5.25 | % | N/A | | % | 12.55 | |||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
209,000 | 978 | | 978 | 3.60 | % | N/A | | % | 3.43 | |||||||||||||||
Purchased interest rate options: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Caps (2) |
485,000 | 7,221 | | 7,221 | N/A | N/A | 6.09 | % | 5.01 | ||||||||||||||||
Floors (2) |
100,000 | 352 | | 352 | N/A | N/A | 4.25 | % | 2.75 | ||||||||||||||||
Forward-starting swaps (2) |
335,000 | 9,065 | | 9,065 | N/A | N/A | 5.98 | % | 13.30 | ||||||||||||||||
Total fair value hedges |
$ | 2,829,885 | $ | 21,237 | $ | (12,126 | ) | $ | 9,111 | 3.93 | % | 2.71 | % | 5.85 | % | 6.25 | |||||||||
(1) | Interest rate swap agreement on the Companys $400.0 million Senior Notes was $150.0 million and $50.0 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively. Fair values of the Senior Notes of $398.5 million and $400.5 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively, are shown in the consolidated balance sheets. |
(2) | Purchased interest rate options were used to hedge the Banks mortgage-backed securities. |
De-designated Fair Value Hedges
During 2004, certain fair value hedges were de-designated and, therefore, hedge accounting was discontinued during those periods. The net gain or loss on these derivative instruments at the time of de-designation is amortized to interest expense over the original forecasted period of the underlying transactions being hedged. Changes in the fair value of these derivative instruments after the discontinuance of fair value hedge accounting are recorded in gain on sales of loans and securities, net in the consolidated statements of operations.
25
Cash Flow Hedges
Overview of Cash Flow Hedges
The Company uses interest rate swaps and caps to hedge the variability of future cash flows associated with existing variable-rate liabilities and forecasted issuances of liabilities. These cash flow hedge relationships are treated as effective hedges as long as the future issuances of liabilities remain probable and the hedges continue to meet the requirements of SFAS No. 133. The Company also enters into interest rate swaps to hedge changes in the future variability of cash flows of certain investment securities resulting from changes in a benchmark interest rate. Additionally, the Company enters into forward purchase and sale agreements, which are considered cash flow hedges, when the terms of the commitments exactly match the terms of the securities purchased or sold.
Changes in the fair value of derivatives that hedge cash flows associated with time deposits, repurchase agreements, advances from the FHLB, dollar rolls and other borrowings and investment securities are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) as unrealized gains or losses. The amounts in AOCI are then included in interest expense as a yield adjustment during the same periods in which the related interest on the fundings or investment securities affect earnings. During the upcoming twelve months, the Company expects to include a pre-tax amount of approximately $3.2 million of net unrealized losses that are currently reflected in AOCI in interest expense as a yield adjustment in the same periods in which the related items affect earnings. The Company expects to hedge the majority of forecasted issuance of liabilities over a three-to-fifteen year period.
The Company also recognizes cash flow hedge ineffectiveness. Cash flow hedge ineffectiveness is recorded to the extent that the market value of derivatives used in the hedge relationship outperforms or has a greater increase in market value than a hypothetical derivative, created to match the exact terms of the underlying debt being hedged. The Company recognized this cash flow ineffectiveness as fair value adjustments of financial derivatives in the consolidated statements of operations. Cash flow ineffectiveness is re-measured on a quarterly basis.
The following table summarizes information related to our financial derivatives in cash flow hedge relationships, hedging variable-rate liabilities and the forecasted issuances of liabilities (dollars in thousands):
Notional Amount of Derivative |
Fair Value of Derivative |
Weighted-Average | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset |
Liability |
Net |
Pay Rate |
Receive Rate |
Strike Rate |
Remaining Life (Years) | |||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2005: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pay-fixed interest rate swaps: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase agreements |
$ | 700,000 | $ | 5,835 | $ | (3,659 | ) | $ | 2,176 | 4.99 | % | 2.83 | % | | % | 12.66 | |||||||||
Purchased interest rate: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Forward-starting swaps(1) |
2,400,000 | 34,172 | (6,010 | ) | 28,162 | 4.68 | % | N/A | | % | 8.94 | ||||||||||||||
Optionscaps(1) |
2,875,000 | 106,862 | | 106,862 | N/A | N/A | 4.38 | % | 5.86 | ||||||||||||||||
Total cash flow hedges |
$ | 5,975,000 | $ | 146,869 | $ | (9,669 | ) | $ | 137,200 | 4.75 | % | 2.83 | % | 4.38 | % | 7.89 | |||||||||
December 31, 2004: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pay-fixed interest rate swaps: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase agreements |
$ | 1,675,000 | $ | | $ | (33,121 | ) | $ | (33,121 | ) | 4.91 | % | 2.28 | % | | % | 11.12 | ||||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank advances |
425,000 | | (6,093 | ) | (6,093 | ) | 4.68 | % | 2.13 | % | | % | 9.25 | ||||||||||||
Purchased interest rate: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Forward-starting swaps(1) |
595,000 | | (868 | ) | (868 | ) | 4.74 | % | N/A | | % | 11.16 | |||||||||||||
Optionscaps(1) |
2,775,000 | 94,340 | | 94,340 | N/A | N/A | 4.43 | % | 6.13 | ||||||||||||||||
Total cash flow hedges |
$ | 5,470,000 | $ | 94,340 | $ | (40,082 | ) | $ | 54,258 | 4.84 | % | 2.25 | % | 4.43 | % | 8.45 | |||||||||
(1) | Purchased interest rate options were used to hedge the Banks repurchase agreements. |
26
Under SFAS No. 133, we are required to record the fair value of gains and losses on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges in AOCI in the consolidated balance sheets. In addition, during the normal course of business, the Company terminates certain interest rate swaps and options.
The following tables show: 1) amounts recorded in AOCI related to derivative instruments accounted for as cash flow hedges; 2) the notional amounts and fair values of derivatives terminated for the periods presented; and 3) the amortization of terminated interest rate swaps included in interest expense (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||
Impact on AOCI (net of taxes): |
||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | (118,018 | ) | $ | (123,754 | ) | ||
Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges related to derivatives, net |
33,996 | (66,435 | ) | |||||
Reclassifications to earnings, net |
14,507 | 15,245 | ||||||
Ending balance |
$ | (69,515 | ) | $ | (174,944 | ) | ||
Derivatives terminated during the quarter: |
||||||||
Notional |
$ | 2,845,000 | $ | 1,283,500 | ||||
Fair value of net losses recognized in AOCI |
$ | (23,516 | ) | $ | (29,915 | ) | ||
Amortization of terminated interest rate swaps included in interest expense |
$ | (23,297 | ) | $ | (26,949 | ) |
The gains (losses) accumulated in AOCI on the derivative instruments terminated shown in the preceding table will be included in interest expense over the periods the hedged forecasted issuance of liabilities will affect earnings, ranging from 14 days to 14.7 years.
The following table represents the balance in AOCI attributable to open cash flow hedges and discontinued cash flow hedges (in thousands):
At March 31, |
||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||
AOCI balance (net of taxes) related to: |
||||||||
Open cash flow hedges |
$ | 5,434 | $ | (95,717 | ) | |||
Discontinued cash flow hedges |
(74,949 | ) | (79,227 | ) | ||||
Total cash flow hedges |
$ | (69,515 | ) | $ | (174,944 | ) | ||
Hedge Ineffectiveness
In accordance with SFAS No. 133, the Company recognizes hedge ineffectiveness on both fair value and cash flow hedge relationships. These amounts are reflected in fair value adjustments of financial derivatives in the consolidated statements of operations. The following table summarizes the income (expense) recognized by the Company as fair value and cash flow hedge ineffectiveness (in thousands):
Three Months ended March 31, |
||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
|||||||
Fair value hedges |
$ | (709 | ) | $ | (2,208 | ) | ||
Cash flow hedges |
(179 | ) | 1,934 | |||||
Total fair value adjustments of financial derivatives |
$ | (888 | ) | $ | (274 | ) | ||
27
Mortgage Banking Activities
The Company enters into commitments to originate loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding; these commitments are referred to as Interest Rate Lock Commitments (IRLCs). IRLCs on loans the Bank intends to sell are considered to be derivatives and are, therefore, recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. For purposes of determining their fair value, the Company performs a net present value analysis of the anticipated cash flows associated with these IRLCs. The net present value analysis performed excludes the market value associated with the anticipated sale of servicing rights related to each loan commitment. At March 31, 2005, the fair value of these IRLCs was a $1.7 million asset.
IRLCs expose the Company to interest rate risk. The Company manages this risk by selling mortgages or mortgage-backed securities on a forward basis referred to as forward sale agreements. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are included as gain on sales of loans and securities, net in the consolidated statements of operations.
The net change in IRLCs and the related hedging instruments generated a net gain of $2.3 million for the period ended March 31, 2005 and a net gain of $1.1 million for the corresponding period in 2004.
In January 2005, the Company revised its financial reporting to reflect the manner in which its chief operating decision maker has begun assessing the Companys performance and makes resource allocation decisions. As a result, the Company now reports its operating results in two segments, retail and institutional, rather than its former brokerage and banking segments.
Retail includes:
| investing, trading, banking and lending product and service offerings to individuals, including margin loan activity; and |
| stock plan administration products and services |
Institutional includes:
| balance sheet management, including generation of institutional net interest spread, gain on sales of loans and securities, net and management fee income; |
| market-making; and |
| global execution and settlement services |
28
The Company evaluates the performance of its segments based on segment contribution (net revenues less expenses excluding interest). All corporate overhead, administrative and technology charges are allocated to segments either in proportion to their respective direct costs or based upon specific operating criteria. Financial information for the Companys reportable segments is presented in the following tables (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 |
||||||||||||||||
Retail |
Institutional |
Eliminations(1) |
Total |
|||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Commissions |
$ | 84,970 | $ | 29,206 | $ | | $ | 114,176 | ||||||||
Principal transactions |
| 34,048 | 161 | 34,209 | ||||||||||||
Gain on sales of loans and securities, net |
8,102 | 28,637 | | 36,739 | ||||||||||||
Service charges and fees |
29,654 | 3,718 | | 33,372 | ||||||||||||
Other revenues |
29,652 | 4,453 | (8,111 | ) | 25,994 | |||||||||||
Interest income |
135,159 | 290,308 | (88,854 | ) | 336,613 | |||||||||||
Interest expense |
(43,184 | ) | (194,299 | ) | 88,692 | (148,791 | ) | |||||||||
Net interest income |
91,975 | 96,009 | (162 | ) | 187,822 | |||||||||||
Provision for loan losses |
| (12,040 | ) | | (12,040 | ) | ||||||||||
Net interest income after provision for loan losses |
91,975 | 83,969 | (162 | ) | 175,782 | |||||||||||
Total revenues |
244,353 | 184,031 | (8,112 | ) | 420,272 | |||||||||||
Expense excluding interest: |
||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
62,197 | 36,439 | | 98,636 | ||||||||||||
Occupancy and equipment |
15,307 | 4,277 | | 19,584 | ||||||||||||
Communications |
14,903 | 2,988 | | 17,891 | ||||||||||||
Professional services |
14,416 | 5,400 | | 19,816 | ||||||||||||
Commissions, clearance and floor brokerage |
10,757 | 31,415 | (2,460 | ) | 39,712 | |||||||||||
Advertising and market development |
23,420 | 3,401 | | 26,821 | ||||||||||||
Servicing and other banking expenses |
1,492 | 14,359 | (5,652 | ) | 10,199 | |||||||||||
Fair value adjustments of financial derivatives |
| 888 | | 888 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
15,492 | 2,597 | | 18,089 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of other intangibles |
3,047 | 3,093 | | 6,140 | ||||||||||||
Facility restructuring and other exit charges |
(330 | ) | 892 | | 562 | |||||||||||
Other |
15,457 | 11,158 | | 26,615 | ||||||||||||
Total expenses excluding interest |
176,158 | 116,907 | (8,112 | ) | 284,953 | |||||||||||
Segment income |
$ | 68,195 | $ | 67,124 | $ | | $ | 135,319 | ||||||||
(1) | Reflects elimination of transactions between retail and institutional segments, which include deposit transfer pricing, servicing and order flow rebates. |
29
Three Months Ended March 31, 2004 |
||||||||||||||||
Retail |
Institutional |
Eliminations(1) |
Total |
|||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Commissions |
$ | 112,230 | $ | 30,483 | $ | | $ | 142,713 | ||||||||
Principal transactions |
| 38,946 | | 38,946 | ||||||||||||
Gain on sales of loans and securities, net |
33,795 | 7,367 | | 41,162 | ||||||||||||
Service charges and fees |
21,933 | 2,967 | | 24,900 | ||||||||||||
Other revenues |
30,256 | 5,072 | (8,430 | ) | 26,898 | |||||||||||
Interest income |
120,875 | 210,707 | (75,945 | ) | 255,637 | |||||||||||
Interest expense |
(44,860 | ) | (151,811 | ) | 75,945 | (120,726 | ) | |||||||||
Net interest income |
76,015 | 58,896 | | 134,911 | ||||||||||||
Provision for loan losses |
| (9,055 | ) | | (9,055 | ) | ||||||||||
Net interest income after provision for loan losses |
76,015 | 49,841 | | 125,856 | ||||||||||||
Total revenues |
274,229 | 134,676 | (8,430 | ) | 400,475 | |||||||||||
Expense excluding interest: |
||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
61,445 | 38,017 | | 99,462 | ||||||||||||
Occupancy and equipment |
16,830 | 3,165 | | 19,995 | ||||||||||||
Communications |
16,253 | 3,189 | | 19,442 | ||||||||||||
Professional services |
9,203 | 5,161 | | 14,364 | ||||||||||||
Commissions, clearance and floor brokerage |
16,753 | 30,806 | (3,632 | ) | 43,927 | |||||||||||
Advertising and market development |
22,085 | 1,969 | | 24,054 | ||||||||||||
Servicing and other banking expenses |
2,212 | 11,052 | (4,798 | ) | 8,466 | |||||||||||
Fair value adjustments of financial derivatives |
| 274 | | 274 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
16,553 | 3,970 | | 20,523 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of other intangibles |
4,360 | 2,559 | | 6,919 | ||||||||||||
Facility restructuring and other exit charges |
(815 | ) | (144 | ) | | (959 | ) | |||||||||
Other |
12,259 | 12,792 | | 25,051 | ||||||||||||
Total expenses excluding interest |
177,138 | 112,810 | (8,430 | ) | 281,518 | |||||||||||
Segment income |
$ | 97,091 | $ | 21,866 | $ | | $ | 118,957 | ||||||||
Segment assets: |
||||||||||||||||
As of March 31, 2005 |
$ | 6,829,046 | $ | 26,280,959 | $ | | $ | 33,110,005 | ||||||||
As of December 31, 2004 |
$ | 5,294,487 | $ | 25,738,096 | $ | | $ | 31,032,583 |
No single customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2005 or 2004.
(1) | Reflects elimination of transactions between retail and institutional segments, which include deposit transfer pricing, servicing and order flow rebates. |
30
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this document.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Statements made in this document, other than statements of historical information, are forward-looking statements that are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements may sometimes be identified by words such as expect, may, looking forward, we plan, we believe, are planned, could be and currently anticipate. Although we believe these statements, as well as other oral and written forward-looking statements made by us or on behalf of E*TRADE Financial Corporation from time to time, to be true and reasonable, we can give no assurance that these plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. Actual results, performance or achievements could differ materially from those contemplated, expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements are set forth in our other filings with the SEC and in this document under the heading Risk Factors. We caution that the risks and factors discussed below and in such filings are not exclusive. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statements that may be made from time to time by or on behalf of E*TRADE FINANCIAL.
OVERVIEW
We focus our business on utilizing technology to deliver financial solutions primarily to the self-directed investor built upon price, functionality and service. In 2005, we continued our efforts to integrate our product offerings and business operations. For the three months ended March 31, 2005, we increased revenue by 5% to $420 million, while continuing to control expenses, with total expenses excluding interest increasing by only 1%, contributing to a 14% increase in segment income over the three months ended March 31, 2004. We define segment income as income before other income, income taxes and discontinued operations.
We achieved these results while increasing marketing and advertising expenses. We plan to continue investing in marketing, targeting certain customer segments and promoting E*TRADE Complete. We expect to spend, in total, more on advertising and marketing in 2005 than in 2004.
We have and will continue to seek opportunities to:
| Improve the level of customer relationships by rewarding all of our retail customers with better overall pricing. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, we introduced a refined customer segmentation model for retail investors rewarding customers for their overall relationship with the Company. We introduced a new pricing structure that included new pricing, lowered segment qualification criteria and service enhancements for our three types of retail customers. In addition, we introduced new functionality with the launch of E*TRADE Complete, an integrated trading, investing, banking and borrowing account that will allow our customers to manage their relationships with the Company through one account. As we have created further integration across our back office platform and our client interface through E*TRADE Complete, we have the ability to reward customers with greater value, based on their level of engagement, across all of our products. |
| Enhance our products to make them more compelling to our customers by offering an attractive combination of price, functionality and service. We continue to provide to our customers our 12b-1 rebate program, offer the lowest cost stock index funds and no-fee IRAs. |
In January 2005, we revised our financial reporting to reflect the manner in which our chief operating decision maker has begun assessing the Companys performance and makes resource allocation decisions. As a
31
result, we now report our operating results in two segments, retail and institutional, rather than our former brokerage and banking segments. For our retail segment, the realignment integrated the management and operations of our investing, trading, banking and lending product and service offerings, including margin loan activities, and stock plan administration products and services for the retail customer. For our institutional segment, the realignment integrated the management and operations of balance sheet management, market-making and global execution and settlement services businesses, with a focus on creating greater integration within our institutional segment and stronger leverage of our retail segment. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, the retail segment generated approximately 60% and the institutional segment generated approximately 40% of the Companys consolidated net revenues and each contributed approximately 50% of the combined segment income, or income before other income, income taxes and discontinued operations.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Consolidated Results
During the three months ended March 31, 2005, net income was $92.0 million compared to $88.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004. The increase in net income from 2004 to 2005 is primarily related to:
| a 5% increase in net revenues, see Revenues; |
| partially offset by a 1% increase in expenses, see Expenses Excluding Interest; and |
| partially offset by a decline in other income, see Other Income. |
The following sections describe the changes in key operating factors, and other changes and events that have affected the Companys consolidated revenues, expenses excluding interest and other income.
Revenues
Beginning in 2005, we revised our presentation of revenue in our consolidated statements of operations. In our new format, we show total revenues in an integrated view rather than separately by brokerage and banking. Commission revenues include commissions generated by our retail customers and now also includes the commission-based portion of our global execution and settlement service business, which were previously reported as principal transactions. We have also combined our previously reported gains on originated loans with gains on loans and securities, net. Items previously reported as other brokerage- and banking-related revenues have been combined and presented as service charges and fees and other revenues. Finally, brokerage and banking interest income and expense have been combined.
Net revenues increased for the three months ended March 31, 2005 to $420.3 million compared to $400.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, we were able to generate 5% growth in net revenues, notwithstanding a 14% decline in Daily Average Revenue Trades (DARTs) and a 10% decline in average commission per trade. Continued balance sheet growth, higher margin debt balances and improved Bank net interest spread generated a 39% increase in net interest income, which more than offset the decline in commissions. Service charges and fees revenue were also up 34% due to increased account service fees.
32
The following table sets forth the components of net revenues and dollar and percentage change information for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, |
Variance |
||||||||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
$ Amount |
% |
||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||
Commissions |
$ | 114,176 | $ | 142,713 | $ | (28,537 | ) | (20 | )% | ||||||
Principal transactions |
34,209 | 38,946 | (4,737 | ) | (12 | )% | |||||||||
Gain on sales of loans and securities, net |
36,739 | 41,162 | (4,423 | ) | (11 | )% | |||||||||
Service charges and fees |
33,372 | 24,900 | 8,472 | 34 | % | ||||||||||
Other revenues |
25,994 | 26,898 | (904 | ) | (3 | )% | |||||||||
Net interest income |
187,822 | 134,911 | 52,911 | 39 | % | ||||||||||
Provision for loan losses |
(12,040 | ) | (9,055 | ) | (2,985 | ) | (33 | )% | |||||||
Total net revenues |
$ | 420,272 | $ | 400,475 | $ | 19,797 | 5 | % | |||||||
The key revenue drivers that we use to measure and explain the results of our operations are presented in the following table:
Three Months Ended March 31, |
% Change |
||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
||||||||
DARTs |
134,770 | 157,035 | (14 | )% | |||||
Average commission per revenue trade |
$ | 10.34 | $ | 11.53 | (10 | )% | |||
Average margin balances (in millions) |
$ | 2,239 | $ | 1,981 | 13 | % | |||
Average Bank net interest spread (basis points) |
220 | 185 | 19 | % | |||||
Average Bank interest-earning assets (in millions) |
$ | 25,280 | $ | 19,847 | 27 | % |
We earn commissions when retail and institutional customers execute trades. The primary factors that affect our commissions are DARTs and average commission per revenue trade. The average commission per revenue trade is impacted by the mix between and within our domestic, international and professional businesses. Each business has a different pricing structure, unique to its customer base, and as a result, a change in the executed trades between these businesses impacts average commission per revenue trade. Each business also has different trade types (e.g. equities, options, fixed income and mutual funds) that can have different commission rates and as a result, changes in the mix of trade types within these businesses impact average commission per revenue trade. The Company also provides institutional customers with global trading and settlement services, as well as worldwide access to research provided by third parties, in exchange for commissions based on negotiated rates.
For the three months ended March 31, 2005, commissions declined 20% from the comparable prior year period for the following reasons:
| DARTs decreased primarily as a result of an industry-wide decline in market activity. |
| Average commission per revenue trade declined from $11.53 for the three months ended March 31, 2004 to $10.34 for the three months ended March 31, 2005. In late February 2005, we introduced new pricing in the U.S. for all of our trading segments, which contributed to the drop in average commission per revenue trade. This new pricing reduced base commissions from $9.99 to $19.99 plus a $3.00 order handling fee per equity trade based on customer segmentation to a range of $6.99 to $14.99 per equity trade. Additionally, the per contract charges on option trading were reduced from $1.25 to $1.75 per contract, based on number of contracts per trade, to a range of $0.75 to $1.75 per contract, based on customer segmentation. Finally, the $3.00 order handling fee for certain customer segments were eliminated. We expect our average commission per revenue trade to decline further for the three months ended June 30, 2005, as our new pricing was not in effect for the entire three months ended March 31, 2005. |
33
Principal transactions include revenues from market-making and net gains on proprietary trading. As such, our principal transactions revenues are influenced by overall trading volumes, the number of stocks for which we act as a market maker, the trading volumes of those specific stocks and the trading performance of our proprietary trading activities. Principal transactions decreased 12% for the three months ended March 31, 2005 as compared to the prior year period due to reduced market-making volumes and lower revenue capture per share, offset by slightly higher gains on proprietary trading. As with the decrease in DARTs described above, these reduced market-making volumes resulted from an industry-wide decline in market-making activity.
| Market-making revenues decreased from $27.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 to $19.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 due to lower pricing coupled with lower volume than in the prior period. |
| Net gains on proprietary trading increased from $6.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 to $8.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 due to improved trading activity. |
Gain on sales of loans and securities, net consists of gains on sales of loans originated by E*TRADE Mortgage and E*TRADE Consumer Finance and net gains from the sales of loans held-for-sale, as well as gains from the sales of securities sold by the Bank.
The following table represents the net gains that the Company earned from the sales of loans and securities (dollars in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, |
Variance |
||||||||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
$ Amount |
% |
||||||||||||
Gain on sales of originated loans: |
|||||||||||||||
Mortgage loans |
$ | 10,677 | $ | 22,360 | $ | (11,683 | ) | (52 | )% | ||||||
Consumer loans |
437 | 4,740 | (4,303 | ) | (91 | )% | |||||||||
Gain on sales of originated loans |
11,114 | 27,100 | (15,986 | ) | (59 | )% | |||||||||
Loss on sales of loans held-for-sale, net: |
|||||||||||||||
Gain on sales of loans held-for-sale |
389 | 6,543 | (6,154 | ) | (94 | )% | |||||||||
Loss on hedges |
(413 | ) | (7,547 | ) | 7,134 | 95 | % | ||||||||
Loss on loan prepayments |
(159 | ) | (695 | ) | 536 | 77 | % | ||||||||
Loss on sales of loans held-for-sale, net |
(183 | ) | (1,699 | ) | 1,516 | 89 | % | ||||||||
Gain on sales of securities, net: |
|||||||||||||||
Gain on sales of securities |
25,940 | 19,775 | 6,165 | 31 | % | ||||||||||
Impairment |
(132 | ) | (4,014 | ) | 3,882 | 97 | % | ||||||||
Gain on sales of securities, net |
25,808 | 15,761 | 10,047 | 64 | % | ||||||||||
Total gain on sales of loans and securities, net |
$ | 36,739 | $ | 41,162 | $ | (4,423 | ) | (11 | )% | ||||||
Total gain on sales of loans and securities, net decreased $4.4 million or 11% during the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period a year ago, due primarily to a $16.0 million decline in the gain on sales of originated loans offset by a $10.0 million increase in the net gain on sales of securities. The decline in the gain from the sale of originated loans was due primarily to rising interest rates, which resulted in lower volumes of loan originations and sales of originated loans. The increase in gains on sales of securities was due to an increase of $36.1 million from the sale of interest-only, investment and trading securities, offset by a decrease of $29.5 million in gains from the sales of mortgage-backed securities. In addition, the Company recognized an other-than-temporary impairment of $0.1 million on the value of an asset-backed security for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to a $4.0 million other-than-temporary impairment on certain of its interest-only securities recognized for the comparable period in 2004.
34
Service charges and fees represent account service fees, servicing fee income and other customer service fees. Service charges and fees increased $8.5 million, or 34% for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004, primarily due to increases in account service fees from $10.9 million to $18.9 million. The increase in account service fees is due to an increase in account service fees charged from $25 to $40 per quarter for customers who did not meet, among others, certain balance and/or activity levels.
Other revenues represent proprietary fund revenues, foreign exchange margin revenues, stock plan administration products revenues, electronic communication network (ECN) rebate fees and other revenues ancillary to our retail customer transactions. These revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2005, remained relatively unchanged as measured against the three months ended March 31, 2004.
Net interest income represents interest earned on interest-earning banking assets (primarily loans receivable and mortgage-backed securities), margin loans, stock borrow balances, cash required to be segregated under regulatory guidelines and fees on customer assets invested in money market accounts, net of interest paid on interest-bearing banking liabilities (primarily customer deposits, advances from the FHLB and other borrowings), paid to customers on certain credit balances and to banks and other broker-dealers through our brokerage subsidiarys stock loan program. Net interest spread is the difference between the weighted-average yields earned on interest-earning banking assets less the weighted-average rate paid on interest-bearing banking liabilities. The increase in net interest income from $134.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 to $187.8 million for the three months ended March 31 2005 is primarily due to an increase in Bank net interest spread.
Average interest-earning banking assets increased 27% from the comparable period a year ago driven by a 36% increase in both loans receivable and available-for-sale investment securities, as loan and securities sale volumes declined year over year. Bank net interest spread increased to 220 basis points for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from 185 basis points for the comparable period in 2004. The increase in Bank net interest spread for the three months ended March 31, 2005 over the comparable period in 2004 primarily reflects an increase of 6%, or 25 basis points, in the average annualized yield on interest-earning banking assets, in conjunction with a decrease of 4%, or 10 basis points in the average annualized cost of interest-bearing banking liabilities. Higher yields on interest-earning banking assets were driven primarily by higher yields on available-for-sale investment securities, while the lower cost of interest-bearing banking liabilities was due primarily to higher Sweep Deposit Account (SDA) balances.
35
The following table presents average balance, income and expense data, related interest yields and rates, and Bank net interest spread for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 (dollars in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 |
Three Months ended March 31, 2004 |
|||||||||||||||||
Average Balance |
Interest Income/ Expense |
Average Annualized |
Average Balance |
Interest Income/ |
Average Annualized |
|||||||||||||
Interest-earning banking assets: |
||||||||||||||||||
Loans receivable, net(1) |
$ | 12,185,231 | $ | 153,188 | 5.03 | % | $ | 8,932,832 | $ | 109,969 | 4.92 | % | ||||||
Mortgage-backed and related available-for-sale securities |
8,909,307 | 88,974 | 3.99 | % | 7,297,956 | 72,031 | 3.95 | % | ||||||||||
Available-for-sale investment securities |
3,512,809 | 42,335 | 4.82 | % | 2,575,419 | 25,179 | 3.91 | % | ||||||||||
Trading securities |
526,644 | 4,511 | 3.43 | % | 818,509 | 6,487 | 3.17 | % | ||||||||||
Other |
145,997 | 1,211 | 3.36 | % | 221,770 | 1,804 | 3.27 | % | ||||||||||
Total interest-earning banking assets(2) |
25,279,988 | $ | 290,219 | 4.59 | % | 19,846,486 | $ | 215,470 | 4.34 | % | ||||||||
Non-interest-earning banking assets |
500,688 | 447,450 | ||||||||||||||||
Total banking assets |
$ | 25,780,676 | $ | 20,293,936 | ||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing banking liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||
Retail deposits |
$ | 11,865,690 | $ | 40,231 | 1.38 | % | $ | 12,018,832 | $ | 48,875 | 1.64 | % | ||||||
Brokered callable certificates of deposit |
288,635 | 2,221 | 3.12 | % | 372,034 | 2,328 | 2.52 | % | ||||||||||
Repurchase agreements and other borrowings |
10,073,089 | 82,465 | 3.27 | % | 5,679,179 | 56,004 | 3.90 | % | ||||||||||
FHLB advances |
1,961,644 | 17,944 | 3.66 | % | 920,000 | 10,399 | 4.47 | % | ||||||||||
Total interest-bearing banking liabilities |
24,189,058 | $ | 142,861 | 2.39 | % | 18,990,045 | $ | 117,606 | 2.49 | % | ||||||||
Non-interest-bearing banking liabilities |
364,362 | 276,570 | ||||||||||||||||
Total banking liabilities |
24,553,420 | 19,266,615 | ||||||||||||||||
Total banking shareholders equity |
1,227,256 | 1,027,321 | ||||||||||||||||
Total banking liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ | 25,780,676 | $ | 20,293,936 | ||||||||||||||
Excess of interest-earning banking assets over interest-bearing banking liabilities/net interest income |
$ | 1,090,930 | $ | 147,358 | $ | 856,441 | $ | 97,864 | ||||||||||
Bank net interest: |
||||||||||||||||||
Spread |
2.20 | % | 1.85 | % | ||||||||||||||
Margin (net yield on interest-earning banking assets) |
2.33 | % | 1.97 | % | ||||||||||||||
Ratio of interest-earning banking assets to interest-bearing banking liabilities |
104.51 | % | 104.51 | % | ||||||||||||||
Return on average(3) (4): |
||||||||||||||||||
Total banking assets |
1.00 | % | 0.67 | % | ||||||||||||||
Total banking shareholders equity |
21.05 | % | 13.16 | % | ||||||||||||||
Average equity to average total banking assets |
4.76 | % | 5.06 | % | ||||||||||||||
(1) | Nonaccrual loans are included in the respective average loan balances. Income on such nonaccrual loans is recognized on a cash basis. |
(2) | Includes a taxable equivalent increase in interest income of $2.6 million and $1.1. million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. |
(3) | Ratio calculations exclude discontinued operations. |
(4) | Ratio calculated based on standalone Bank results. |
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The provision for loan losses reflects the Companys estimate of loan losses that occurred in the current period and adjustments to prior period estimates. We adjust this provision to reflect changes in the size, composition and seasoning of the loans that the Bank holds. A seasoned loan is a loan that has been in existence long enough for the borrower to demonstrate a history of good payments. Provision for loan losses increased to $12.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $9.1 million for same period in 2004. The 33% increase in the Companys provision for loans losses during the three months ended March 31, 2005 primarily reflects the provision related to HELOC and other real estate portfolios that were acquired during the quarter, partially offset by continued seasoning of consumer loans secured by RVs, marine assets and automobiles.
Allowance for loan losses is an accounting estimate of credit losses inherent in the Companys loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. The following table presents the allowance for loan losses by major loan category. This allocation does not necessarily prevent the Company from shifting the allowance for loan losses between categories to better align the allowance for loan losses with the actual performance of the portfolio (dollars in thousands):
Consumer (1) |
Real Estate and Home Equity (2) |
Total |
||||||||||||||||
Allowance |
Allowances as % of consumer loans held-for- investment |
Allowance |
Allowances as % loans held-for- investment |
Allowance |
Allowances as % of total loans held- for-investment |
|||||||||||||
March 31, 2005 |
$ | 29,732 | 0.70 | % | $ | 22,152 | 0.25 | % | $ | 51,884 | 0.40 | % | ||||||
December 31, 2004 |
$ | 29,686 | 0.72 | % | $ | 17,995 | 0.24 | % | $ | 47,681 | 0.41 | % |
(1) | Primarily RV, marine, automobile and credit card loans. |
(2) | Primarily one-to-four family mortgage and home equity lines of credit. |
During the three months ended March 31, 2005, our nonperforming assets increased by $1.5 million, or 6%, from December 31, 2004, primarily due to an increase in home equity loans. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, we recognized $1.2 million of interest on nonperforming loans. If our nonperforming loans at March 31, 2005 had been performing in accordance with their terms, we would have recorded additional interest income of approximately $0.9 million during the first quarter of 2005. The following table presents information about our nonperforming assets (in thousands):
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 |
|||||||
Real estate loans |
$ | 17,087 | $ | 13,784 | ||||
Consumer and other loans |
5,663 | 6,171 | ||||||
Total nonperforming loans, net |
22,750 | 19,955 | ||||||
REO and other repossessed assets, net |
4,116 | 5,367 | ||||||
Total nonperforming assets, net |
$ | 26,866 | $ | 25,322 | ||||
Total nonperforming assets, net, as a percentage of total bank assets |
0.09 | % | 0.10 | % | ||||
Total allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total nonperforming loans, net |
228.06 | % | 238.94 | % | ||||
Expenses Excluding Interest
Communications was $17.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and $19.4 million for the comparable period in 2004. The decrease is primarily due to a reduction in outsourcing of communications-related services.
Professional services consist of fees for legal, accounting, tax, public relations and other consulting services. Professional services increased to $19.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $14.4 million for the comparable period in 2004. The increase in professional services is due to additional professional services related to IT system implementations and costs associated with completing our Sarbanes-Oxley implementation.
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Commissions, clearance and floor brokerage was $39.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and $43.9 million for the comparable period in 2004. The decrease is primarily due to decreased clearing costs as we transitioned more clearing to E*TRADE Clearing from an outside provider. In addition, lower overall trading volumes resulted in lower variable commissions, clearance and floor brokerage costs for the three months ended March 31, 2005.
Advertising and market development was $26.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and $24.1 million for the comparable period in 2004. The increase is due to increased advertising spend during the three months ended March 31, 2005, associated with our launch of E*TRADE Complete in 2005.
Servicing and other banking expense was $10.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and $8.5 million for the comparable period in 2004. The increase in servicing and other banking expense is due primarily to higher servicing expense related to an increase in mortgage loans serviced.
Depreciation and amortization was $18.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and $20.5 million for the comparable period in 2004. The decrease in depreciation and amortization primarily relates to more assets being fully depreciated for the three months ended March 31, 2005.
Facility restructuring and other exit charges increased from a credit of $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 to charges of $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005. The charges for the three months ended March 31, 2005 primarily relate to the liquidation of E*TRADE Money Market Funds and were partially offset by revisions to estimates of our charges under our restructuring plans. The charge for the three months ended March 31, 2004 was primarily related to additional costs, net of recoveries, for our exit of the institutional research business.
Other Income
Other income was $8.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005, or 58%, lower than $21.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 primarily due to lower gain on sale and impairment of investments. Gain on sale and impairment of investments was $15.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and $28.5 million for the comparable period in 2004. For the three months ended March 31, 2005, we sold shares of our investment in Softbank Investment Corporation (SBI) resulting in a gain of $15.2 million, whereas for the three months ended March 31, 2004, we sold shares of SBI resulting in a gain of $34.2 million. In addition, we recorded an other-than-temporary impairment of approximately $4.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004.
Segment Results
Retail Segment Results
Our retail segment generates revenues and earnings through our investing, trading, banking and lending relationships with our retail customers. These relationships drive essentially five sources of revenues including commissions, gain on loan originations, net interest income, service charges and fees and other revenues. This segment also includes results from our stock plan administration products and services, as we are ultimately servicing a retail customer through these corporate relationships.
For the three months ended March 31, 2005, the retail segment earned $68.2 million in segment income, down 30% from the comparable period in 2004. The drop in income was due to a decrease of 11% in segment revenue with total expenses remaining relatively flat. The reduction in revenues was primarily driven by declines in both DART volume and average commission per revenue trade, declining 14% and 10%, respectively compared to the three months ended March 31, 2004. With our new commission structure introduced in mid-quarter, average commission per revenue trade decreased to $10.34 from $11.53. We expect our average
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commission per revenue trade to decline further for the three months ended June 30, 2005, as our new pricing was not in effect for the entire three months ended March 31, 2005. Retail net interest income increased approximately $16.0 million. Of this increase, $12.9 million was driven by an increase in both the balance and the net interest spread we earn on our retail deposits. These amounts are eliminated in consolidation but recorded in the retail segment. In addition, the increase was driven by higher average margin debt which continues to be strong for the retail segment, with average balances increasing 13% from a year ago to $2.24 billion. Gain on sales of loans and securities, net declined 76% compared to the same period a year ago and a 35% increase in service charges and fees.
Institutional Segment Results
Our institutional segment generates revenues and earnings from Bank balance sheet management activities, market-making and global execution and settlement services. We have experienced significant growth in our institutional segment as we have continued to integrate our businesses and leverage the retail segment to provide additional institutional business opportunities in recent periods.
For the three months ended March 31, 2005, the institutional segment earned $67.1 million, a 207% increase from the same period last year as segment revenues increased 37%, while expenses excluding interest increased only 4%. The increase in revenues resulted from higher gains on sales of loans and investments and higher net interest income due to higher average balances of interest-earning banking assets and increased Bank net interest spread. We continue to benefit from our balance sheet integration across the retail and institutional segments. We increased average interest-earning banking assets by $5.4 billion and Bank net interest spread to 220 basis points, from 185 basis points for the three months ended March 31, 2004. This increase in Bank net interest spread was driven by higher interest-earning banking assets and lower cost of funds from higher SDA balances.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
In addition to our cash flows from operations, we have historically met our liquidity needs primarily through investing and financing activities, consisting principally of equity and debt offerings, increases in core deposit accounts, other borrowings and sales of loans or securities. We believe that we will be able to renew or replace our funding sources at prevailing market rates, which may be higher or lower than current rates, as well as to supplement these funding sources with cash flow from operations.
Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Cash provided by operating activities decreased by approximately $358 million from $644 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 to $286 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, the decrease in cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to a decrease in cash flows from the net sales and purchases of loans and trading securities.
Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing and Financing Activities
Cash used in investing activities was $892 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and $390 million for the comparable period in 2004. Cash used in investing activities increased primarily from net purchases of mortgage-backed and investment securities, available-for-sale and a net increase in loans receivable.
Cash provided in financing activities was $387 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and cash used in financing activities was $330 million for the comparable period in 2004. For the three months ended March 31, 2005, cash provided in financing activities primarily resulted from net advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank and other borrowings by Bank subsidiary.
Stock Repurchases
From time to time the Companys Board of Directors authorizes share repurchase and debt retirement plans, as they determine that they are likely to create long-term value for its shareholders. These plans are open-ended and provide the flexibility to buy back common stock, redeem for cash its outstanding convertible subordinated notes, retire debt in the open market or a combination of all three. Under these authorized plans, the Company has repurchased some of its common stock and retired some of its convertible subordinated notes.
During the three months ended March 31, 2005, the Company repurchased 2.5 million shares of its common stock for an aggregate $32.5 million. As of March 31, 2005, the Company had approximately $205.4 million available under its authorized share repurchase and debt retirement plans to purchase additional shares of its common stock or retire additional debt.
Other Sources of Liquidity
At March 31, 2005, we had financing facilities totaling $400.0 million to meet the needs of E*TRADE Clearing. These facilities, if used, may be collateralized by customer securities. There was $6.8 million outstanding as of March 31, 2005 and none outstanding as of December 31, 2004, under these lines. We also have multiple loans, primarily collateralized by equipment owned by us, for which $42.1 million was outstanding as of March 31, 2005. In addition, we have entered into numerous agreements with other broker-dealers to provide financing under our stock loan program.
Other Liquidity Matters
We currently anticipate that our available cash resources and credit will be sufficient to meet our currently anticipated working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months. We may need to raise additional funds in order to support more rapid expansion, develop new or enhanced products and services, respond to competitive pressures, acquire complementary businesses or technologies and/or take advantage of unanticipated opportunities.
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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
The preparation of our financial results of operations and financial position requires us to make judgments and estimates that may have a significant impact upon the financial results of the Company. We believe that of our significant accounting policies, the following require estimates and assumptions that require complex, subjective judgments by management, which can materially impact reported results: allowance for loan losses and uncollectible margin loans, classification and valuation of certain investments, valuation and accounting for financial derivatives, estimates of effective tax rate, deferred taxes and valuation allowances and valuation of goodwill and other intangibles. These are more fully described in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.
RISK FACTORS
RISKS RELATING TO THE NATURE OF THE FINANCIAL SERVICES BUSINESS
Many of our competitors have greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources
Many of our competitors have longer operating histories and greater resources than we do and offer a wider range of financial products and services. Many also have greater name recognition, greater market acceptance and larger customer bases. These competitors may conduct extensive promotional activities and offer better terms, lower prices and/or different products and services than we do. Moreover, some of our competitors have established relationships among themselves or with third parties to enhance their products and services. This means that our competitors may be able to respond more quickly to new or changing opportunities and demands and withstand changing market conditions better than we can.
Downturns or disruptions in the securities markets could reduce transaction volumes and margin borrowing and increase our dependence on our more active customers who receive lower prices
A significant portion of our revenues in recent years has been from online investing services, and although we continue to diversify our revenue sources, we expect this business to continue to account for a significant portion of our revenues in the foreseeable future. Like other financial services firms, we are affected directly by national and global economic and political conditions, broad trends in business and finance, disruptions to the securities markets and changes in volume and price levels of securities and futures transactions.
A decrease in transaction volume may be more significant for us with respect to our less active customers, increasing our dependence on our more active and professional trading customers who receive more favorable pricing based on their transaction volume. Decreases in volumes, as well as securities prices, are also typically associated with a decrease in margin borrowing. Because we generate revenue from interest charged on margin borrowing, such decreases result in a reduction of revenue. When transaction volume is low, our operating results may be harmed in part because some of our overhead costs may remain relatively fixed.
Downturns in the securities markets increase the credit risk associated with margin lending or stock loan transactions
We permit customers to purchase securities on margin. When the market declines rapidly, there is an increased risk that the value of the collateral we hold in connection with these transactions could fall below the amount of a customers indebtedness. Similarly, as part of our broker-dealer operations, we frequently enter into arrangements with other broker-dealers for the lending of various securities. Under regulatory guidelines, when we borrow or lend securities, we must generally simultaneously disburse or receive cash deposits. We may risk losses if there are sharp changes in market values of many securities and the counterparties to the borrowing and lending transactions fail to honor their commitments. Any downturn in public equity markets may lead to a greater risk that parties to stock lending transactions may fail to meet their commitments.
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We may be unsuccessful in managing the effects of changes in interest rates and the interest-bearing banking assets in our portfolio
Our results of operations depend significantly upon our level of net interest income, that is, the difference between interest income from interest-earning banking assets (such as loans and mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities) and interest expense on interest-bearing banking liabilities (such as deposits and borrowings). The Bank uses derivatives to help manage its interest rate risk. However, derivatives utilized may not be entirely effective and changes in market interest rates and the yield curve could reduce the value of the Banks financial assets and reduce net interest income. Many factors affect interest rates, including governmental monetary policies and domestic and international economic and political conditions.
The diversification of our asset portfolio may increase the level of charge-offs
As we diversify our asset portfolio through purchases and originations of higher-yielding asset classes, such as RV and marine loans and credit card portfolios, we will have to manage assets that carry a higher risk of default than our mortgage portfolio. Consequently, the level of charge-offs associated with these assets may be higher than previously experienced. In addition, if the overall economy weakens, we could experience higher levels of charge-offs. If expectations of future charge-offs increase, a corresponding increase in the amount of our allowance for loan loss would be required. The increased level of provision for loan losses recorded to meet additional allowance for loan loss requirements could adversely affect our financial results, if those higher yields do not cover the provision for loan losses.
An increase in our delinquency rate could adversely affect our results of operations
Our underwriting criteria or collection methods may not afford adequate protection against the risks inherent in the loans comprising our consumer loan portfolio. In the event of a default, the collateral value of the financed item may not cover the outstanding loan balance and costs of recovery. In the event our portfolio of consumer finance receivables experience higher delinquencies, foreclosures, repossessions or losses than anticipated, our results of operations or financial condition could be adversely affected.
Risks associated with principal trading transactions could result in trading losses
A majority of our specialist and market-making revenues are derived from trading as a principal. We may incur trading losses relating to the purchase, sale or short sale of securities for our own account, as well as trading losses in our specialist stocks and market maker stocks. From time to time, we may have large positions in securities of a single issuer or issuers engaged in a specific industry. We also operate a proprietary trading desk separate from our specialist and market maker operations, which may also incur trading losses.
Certain portions of our professional business are also involved in proprietary trading, in which the firm provides capital that is used for trading by employees and others. Our proprietary trading may also result in trading losses.
Reduced grants by companies of employee stock options could adversely affect our results of operations
We are a provider of stock plan administration and options management tools. In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued new rules that upon adoption, will require companies to value and expense stock options they grant to their employees and employee stock purchase plan transactions in which the terms are more favorable to those available to all holders of the same class of shares. This may result in companies granting fewer employee options and modifying their existing employee stock purchase plans, potentially reducing the amount of products and services we provide these companies and compelling us to incur additional costs so that our tools comply with the new FASB statement. Additionally, we may see a reduction in commission revenues as fewer options would be available for exercise and sale by the employees of these companies.
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Reduced spreads in securities pricing, levels of trading activity and trading through market makers and/or specialists could harm our specialist and market maker business
The increase in computer generated buy/sell programs in the marketplace has continued to tighten spreads, resulting in reduced revenue capture per share by the specialist and market-making community and reduced payment for order flow revenues for us. Similarly, a reduction in the volume and/or volatility of trading activity could also reduce spreads that specialists and market makers receive, which adversely affect our market-making revenues.
Alternative trading systems that have developed over the past few years could also reduce the levels of trading of exchange-listed securities through specialists and the levels of over-the-counter trading through market makers. In addition, ECNs have emerged as an alternative forum to which broker-dealers and institutional investors can direct their limit orders. This allows broker-dealers and institutional investors to avoid directing their trades through market makers. As a result, we may experience a reduction in our flow of limit orders.
If we do not successfully manage consolidation opportunities, we could be at a competitive disadvantage
There has been significant consolidation in the online financial services industry over the last several years, and the consolidation is likely to continue in the future. Should we fail to take advantage of viable consolidation opportunities or if we acquire businesses that we are unable to integrate or manage properly, we could be placed at a competitive disadvantage. Acquisitions entail numerous risks including retaining or hiring skilled personnel, integrating acquired operations, products and personnel and the diversion of management attention from other business concerns. In addition, there can be no assurance that we will realize a positive return on any acquisition or that future acquisitions will not be dilutive to earnings.
We rely heavily on technology to deliver products and services
Disruptions to or instability of our technology, including an actual or perceived breach of the security of our technology, could harm our business and our reputation.
Our international efforts subject us to additional risks and regulation, which could impair our business growth
One component of our strategy has been an effort to build an international business. We have established certain joint venture and/or licensee relationships. We have limited control over the management and direction of these venture partners and/or licensees, and their action or inaction, including their failure to follow proper practices with respect to regulatory compliance and/or corporate governance, could harm our operations and/or our reputation.
RISKS RELATING TO THE REGULATION OF OUR BUSINESS
We are subject to extensive government regulation, including banking and securities rules and regulations, which could restrict our business practices
The securities and banking industries are subject to extensive regulation. All of our broker-dealer subsidiaries have to comply with many laws and rules, including rules relating to possession and control of customer funds and securities, margin lending and execution and settlement of transactions. We are also subject to additional laws and rules as a result of our specialist and market maker operations.
To the extent that, now or in the future, we solicit orders from our customers or make investment recommendations (or are deemed to have done so), or offer products and services, such as investing in futures, that are not suitable for all investors, we would become subject to additional rules and regulations governing, among other things, sales practices and the suitability of recommendations to customers.
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As part of our institutional business we provide clients access to certain third-party research tools and other services in exchange for commissions earned. Currently, these activities are allowed by various regulatory bodies. However, changes have been proposed in the United Kingdom and the United States that may limit or eliminate altogether the services we could provide to clients in exchange for commissions. If these proposals are adopted, we may realize a decrease in our institutional commission revenues.
Similarly, E*TRADE Financial Corporation, E*TRADE Re, LLC and ETB Holdings, Inc., as savings and loan holding companies, and E*TRADE Bank, as a Federally chartered savings bank, are subject to extensive regulation, supervision and examination by the OTS, and, in the case of E*TRADE Bank, the FDIC. Such regulation covers all banking business, including lending practices, safeguarding deposits, capital structure, recordkeeping, transactions with affiliates and conduct and qualifications of personnel.
If we fail to comply with applicable securities, banking and insurance laws, rules and regulations, we could be subject to disciplinary actions, damages, penalties or restrictions that could significantly harm our business
The SEC, NYSE, NASD, Commodities Futures Trading Commission or other self-regulatory organizations and state securities commissions can, among other things, censure, fine, issue cease-and-desist orders or suspend or expel a broker-dealer or any of its officers or employees. The OTS may take similar action with respect to our banking activities. Similarly, the attorneys general of each state could bring legal action on behalf of the citizens of the various states to ensure compliance with local laws. The ability to comply with applicable laws and rules is dependent in part on the establishment and maintenance of a reasonable compliance system. The failure to establish and enforce reasonable compliance procedures, even if unintentional, could subject us to significant losses or disciplinary or other actions.
If we do not maintain the capital levels required by regulators, we may be fined or even forced out of business
The SEC, NYSE, NASD, OTS and various other regulatory agencies have stringent rules with respect to the maintenance of specific levels of net capital by securities broker-dealers and regulatory capital by banks. Net capital is the net worth of a broker or dealer (assets minus liabilities), less deductions for certain types of assets. Failure to maintain the required net capital could result in suspension or revocation of registration by the SEC and suspension or expulsion by the NYSE and/or NASD, and could ultimately lead to the firms liquidation. In the past, our broker-dealer subsidiaries have depended largely on capital contributions by us in order to comply with net capital requirements. If such net capital rules are changed or expanded, or if there is an unusually large charge against net capital, operations that require an intensive use of capital could be limited. Such operations may include investing activities, marketing and the financing of customer account balances. Also, our ability to withdraw capital from brokerage subsidiaries could be restricted, which in turn could limit our ability to repay debt and redeem or purchase shares of our outstanding stock.
Similarly, the Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the OTS. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can trigger certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could harm a banks operations and financial statements. A bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of a banks assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. A banks capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about the strength of components of its capital, risk weightings of assets, off-balance sheet transactions and other factors.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require a bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of Total and Tier 1 Capital to risk-weighted assets and of Tier I Capital to adjusted total assets. To satisfy the capital requirements for a well capitalized financial institution, a bank must maintain higher Total and Tier 1 Capital to risk-weighted assets and Tier I Capital to adjusted total assets ratios.
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As a non-grandfathered savings and loan holding company, we are subject to regulations that could restrict our ability to take advantage of certain business opportunities
We are required to file periodic reports with the OTS and are subject to examination by the OTS. The OTS also has certain types of enforcement powers over the Company, ETB Holdings, Inc. and E*TRADE Re, LLC, including the ability to issue cease-and-desist orders, force divestiture of the Bank and impose civil and monetary penalties for violations of Federal banking laws and regulations or for unsafe or unsound banking practices. In addition, under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, our activities are restricted to those that are financial in nature and certain real estate-related activities. We may make merchant banking investments in companies whose activities are not financial in nature if those investments are made for the purpose of appreciation and ultimate resale of the investment and we do not manage or operate the company. Such merchant banking investments may be subject to maximum holding periods and special recordkeeping and risk management requirements.
We believe all of our existing activities and investments are permissible under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, but the OTS has not yet fully interpreted these provisions. Even if our existing activities and investments are permissible, we are unable to pursue future activities that are not financial in nature. We are also limited in our ability to invest in other savings and loan holding companies.
In addition, the Bank is subject to extensive regulation of its activities and investments, capitalization, community reinvestment, risk management policies and procedures and relationships with affiliated companies. Acquisitions of and mergers with other financial institutions, purchases of deposits and loan portfolios, the establishment of new Bank subsidiaries and the commencement of new activities by Bank subsidiaries require the prior approval of the OTS, and in some cases the FDIC, which may deny approval or limit the scope of our planned activity. These regulations and conditions could place us at a competitive disadvantage in an environment in which consolidation within the financial services industry is prevalent. Also, these regulations and conditions could affect our ability to realize synergies from future acquisitions, could negatively affect us following the acquisition and could also delay or prevent the development, introduction and marketing of new products and services.
RISKS RELATING TO OWNING OUR STOCK
We have incurred losses in the past and we cannot assure you that we will be profitable
We have incurred losses in the past and we may do so in the future. While we reported net income for the past two years, we reported a net loss of $186.4 million in 2002. We may incur losses in the future.
We expect that expensing stock options granted to our employees will have a material impact on our financial results
We are not currently required to record any compensation expense in connection with stock option grants to employees that have an exercise price at or above fair market value. In December 2004, however, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, which among other things requires public companies to expense employee stock options and other share-based payments at their fair value when issued. As a result of its impact on our financial results, we may be forced to decrease or eliminate employee stock option grants, which could, in turn, have a negative impact on our ability to attract and retain qualified employees.
We are substantially restricted by the terms of our senior notes
In June 2004, we completed a private offering of an aggregate principal amount of $400 million of senior notes due June 2011. The indenture governing the senior notes contains various covenants and restrictions that limit our ability and certain of our subsidiaries ability to, among other things:
| incur additional indebtedness; |
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| create liens; |
| pay dividends or make other distributions; |
| repurchase or redeem capital stock; |
| make investments or other restricted payments; |
| enter into transactions with our stockholders or affiliates; |
| sell assets or shares of capital stock of our subsidiaries; |
| restrict dividend or other payments to us from our subsidiaries; and |
| merge, consolidate or transfer substantially all of our assets. |
As a result of the covenants and restrictions contained in the indenture, we are limited in how we conduct our business and we may be unable to raise additional debt or equity financing to compete effectively or to take advantage of new business opportunities. The terms of any future indebtedness could include more restrictive covenants.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to remain in compliance with these covenants in the future and, if we fail to do so, that we will be able to obtain waivers from the appropriate parties and/or amend the covenants.
Our corporate debt levels may limit our ability to obtain additional financing.
At March 31, 2005, we had an outstanding balance of $400.0 million in senior notes, $185.2 million in convertible subordinated notes and $42.1 million in term loans. Our ratio of debt (our senior and convertible debt, capital lease obligations and term loans) to equity (expressed as a percentage) was 27% at March 31, 2005. We may incur additional indebtedness in the future. Our level of indebtedness, among other things, could:
| make it more difficult or costly for us to obtain any necessary financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements or other purposes; |
| limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business; or |
| make us more vulnerable in the event of a downturn in our business. |
The market price of our common stock may continue to be volatile
From January 1, 2003 through March 31, 2005, the price per share of our common stock has ranged from a low of $3.65 to a high of $15.40. The market price of our common stock has been, and is likely to continue to be, highly volatile and subject to wide fluctuations. In the past, volatility in the market price of a companys securities has often led to securities class action litigation. Such litigation could result in substantial costs to us and divert our attention and resources, which could harm our business. Declines in the market price of our common stock or failure of the market price to increase could also harm our ability to retain key employees, reduce our access to capital and otherwise harm our business.
We may need additional funds in the future, which may not be available and which may result in dilution of the value of our common stock
In the future, we may need to raise additional funds, which may not be available on favorable terms, if at all. If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to fund our business growth plans. In addition, if funds are available, the issuance of securities could dilute the value of shares of our common stock and cause the market price to fall.
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We have various mechanisms in place that may discourage takeover attempts
Certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may discourage, delay or prevent a third party from acquiring control of us in a merger, acquisition or similar transaction that a shareholder may consider favorable. Such provisions include:
| authorization for the issuance of blank check preferred stock; |
| provision for a classified Board of Directors with staggered, three-year terms; |
| the prohibition of cumulative voting in the election of directors; |
| a super-majority voting requirement to effect business combinations or certain amendments to our certificate of incorporation and bylaws; |
| limits on the persons who may call special meetings of shareholders; |
| the prohibition of shareholder action by written consent; and |
| advance notice requirements for nominations to the Board of Directors or for proposing matters that can be acted on by shareholders at shareholder meetings. |
Attempts to acquire control of the Company may also be delayed or prevented by our stockholder rights plan, which is designed to enhance the ability of our Board of Directors to protect shareholders against unsolicited attempts to acquire control of the Company that do not offer an adequate price to all shareholders or are otherwise not in the best interests of the Company and our shareholders. In addition, certain provisions of our stock incentive plans, management retention and employment agreements (including severance payments and stock option acceleration), and Delaware law may also discourage, delay or prevent someone from acquiring or merging with us.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
For quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk, we separately evaluate such risks based on the different products and services offered by our broker-dealer and Bank subsidiaries. The following discussion about our market risk disclosure includes forward-looking statements. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including, but not limited to, those set forth in the section entitled Risk Factors.
Equity Security Price Risk
We currently hold an investment in SBI, a Japanese Yen denominated publicly traded equity security in which we had unrealized gains of $47.6 million as of March 31, 2005. As the securitys market price and the value of the Yen fluctuate, we are exposed to risk of a loss with respect to these unrealized gains.
Interest Rate Risk
We had variable-rate brokerage and corporate term loans totaling approximately $39.4 million and $39.8 million at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively. The monthly interest payments on these term loans are subject to interest rate risk. If market interest rates were to have increased immediately and uniformly by 1% at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, our interest payments would have increased by an immaterial amount.
The Banks exposure to market risk is dependent upon the distribution of all interest-sensitive assets, liabilities and derivatives. These items have differing risk characteristics that, if properly managed, can mitigate the Banks exposure to interest rate fluctuations. At March 31, 2005, approximately 45% of the market value of the Banks total assets was comprised of residential mortgages and mortgage-backed securities. The values of
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these assets are sensitive to changes in interest rates, as well as expected prepayment levels. The Banks liability structure consists primarily of transactional deposit relationships, such as money market accounts, shorter-term certificates of deposit and wholesale-collateralized borrowings from the FHLB and other entities. The derivative portfolio of the Bank is positioned to decrease the overall market risk resulting from the combination of assets and liabilities. The Banks market risk is discussed and quantified in more detail in the Scenario Analysis section below.
Most of the Banks assets are generally classified as non-trading portfolios and, as such, are not marked-to-market through earnings for accounting purposes. The Bank did maintain a trading portfolio of investment-grade securities at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, with fair values of $203 million and $567 million, respectively.
Scenario Analysis
Scenario analysis is an advanced approach to estimating interest rate risk exposure. Under the Net Present Value of Equity (NPVE) approach, the present value of all existing assets, liabilities, derivatives and forward commitments are estimated and then combined to produce a NPVE figure. The sensitivity of this value to changes in interest rates is then determined by applying alternative interest rate scenarios, which include, but are not limited to, instantaneous parallel shifts up 100, 200 and 300 basis points and down 100 basis points. The down 200 and 300 basis point scenarios are not presented at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, because the Current Interest Rate Risk Guidelines provided by the OTS only apply to the worst of the down 100 basis point or up 200 basis point scenarios.
The sensitivity of NPVE at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 and the limits established by the Banks Board of Directors are listed below (dollars in thousands):
Parallel Change in Interest Rates (bps) |
Change in NPVE | |||||||||||
March 31, 2005 |
December 31, 2004 |
Board Limit | ||||||||||
+300 | $ | (361,610) | (19)% | $ | (158,207) | (9)% | (55)% | |||||
+200 | $ | (218,400) | (11)% | $ | (69,671) | (4)% | (30)% | |||||
+100 | $ | (82,308) | (4)% | $ | (2,321) | % | (15)% | |||||
-100 | $ | (76,625) | (4)% | $ | (149,651) | (9)% | (15)% |
Under criteria published by the OTS, the Banks overall interest rate risk exposure at March 31, 2005 was characterized as minimum.
Mortgage Production Activities
In the production of mortgage products, the Bank is exposed to interest rate risk between the commitment and funding dates of the loans. There were $0.2 billion at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, in mortgage loan commitments awaiting funding. The associated interest rate risk results when the Bank enters into Interest Rate Lock Commitments (IRLCs), whereby determination of loan interest rates occurs prior to funding. When the intent is to sell originated loans, the associated IRLCs are considered derivatives and, accordingly, are recorded at fair value with associated changes recorded in earnings.
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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a) | Our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of the Companys disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act) Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report, have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective based on their evaluation of these controls and procedures required by paragraph (b) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15. |
(b) | Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15 that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. |
In 2003, the Company became involved in arbitration relating to the Companys former Israeli joint venture. The E*TRADE Israel venture was closed in 2002, and the Company subsequently terminated the Israeli companys trademark and technology license and sought damages based on the licensees failure to perform its obligations. The licensee counterclaimed against the Company for unspecified damages for such termination. Following the hearing of this arbitration, which took place during October 2004, the arbitration tribunal, while finding that the licensee owed certain debts to the Company, decided against the Company and issued an award in favor of the licensee on or about January 31, 2005. As a result, the Company recognized a net amount of $14.1 million in additional exit charges through March 31, 2005. The Company has subsequently settled this matter and there will be no further costs associated with this matter.
In June 2002, the Company acquired from MarketXT Holdings, Inc. (formerly known as Tradescape Corporation) (Tradescape) certain entities referred to as Tradescape Securities, LLC, Tradescape Technologies, LLC and Momentum Securities, LLC. Numerous disputes have arisen between the parties regarding value and responsibility for various liabilities that were first made apparent following the sale. The parties have each filed lawsuits relating to these disputes. On April 8, 2004, Tradescape filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against the Company, certain of its officers and directors and other third parties, including Softbank Finance Corporation and Softbank Corporation, alleging that the defendants acted improperly in preventing plaintiffs from obtaining certain contingent payments and claiming damages of $1.5 billion. On April 9, 2004, the Company filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against certain directors and officers of Tradescape seeking declaratory relief and monetary damages in an amount to be proven at trial for defendants fraud in connection with the 2002 sale transaction, including, but not limited to, having presented the Company with fraudulent financial statements of the condition of Momentum Securities during the due diligence process. The Company believes that Tradescapes claims against it are without merit and intends both to vigorously defend the suit and to fully pursue its own claims described above. The Company is unable to predict the outcome of these actions. Management believes that these actions will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In April 2005, the NASD entered into a letter of Acceptance, Waiver and Consent resolving the NASDs findings that, among other things, the entity formerly known as Momentum Securities, LLC failed to maintain the required minimum net capital during the periods from December 2001 through June 30, 2002 (prior to the Companys acquisition of the entity) and failed and neglected to file accurate financial reports for the period, in each case materially overstating its net capital.
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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
On April 29, 2004, the Company announced that its Board of Directors approved a $200 million repurchase program (the April 2004 Plan). The April 2004 Plan is open-ended and provides the flexibility to buy back common stock, redeem for cash its outstanding convertible subordinated notes, retire debt in the open market or a combination of all three. The Company may conduct these repurchases on the open market, in private transactions or a combination of both. For the year ended December 31, 2004, the Company used a total $162.0 million in cash under the April 2004 Plan to undertake a partial redemption of its 6.75% convertible subordinated notes and to repurchase 5.8 million shares of the Companys common stock.
During the three months ended March 31, 2005, the Company continued its use of the April 2004 Plan as follows:
Month |
Total Number of Shares Purchased |
Average Price Paid per Share |
Total Number of Shares Purchased Plan |
Maximum Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet be Purchased Under the 2004 Plan | ||||||
January 2005 |
100,000 | $ | 13.72 | 100,000 | $ | 36,607,570 | ||||
February 2005 |
1,580,900 | $ | 13.20 | 1,580,900 | $ | 15,744,358 | ||||
March 2005 |
795,000 | $ | 12.97 | 795,000 | $ | 5,436,752 | ||||
Total |
2,475,900 | $ | 13.14 | 2,475,900 | $ | 5,436,752 | ||||
On December 15, 2004, the Company announced that its Board of Directors approved an additional $200 million repurchase plan (the December 2004 Plan). The December 2004 Plan is open-ended and provides the flexibility to buy back common stock, retire debt or a combination of both. The Company may conduct these repurchases on the open market, in private transactions or a combination of both. The Company did not repurchase any shares or retire debt under the December 2004 Plan through March 31, 2005.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIESNOT APPLICABLE.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERSNONE
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATIONNONE
31.1 | Rule 13a-14a/15d-14(a) Certification of Mitchell H. Caplan |
31.2 | Rule 13a-14a/15d-14(a) Certification of Robert J. Simmons |
32.1 | Section 1350 Certification of Mitchell H. Caplan and Robert J. Simmons |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Dated: May 6, 2005 |
E*TRADE Financial Corporation (Registrant) | |||
By | /S/ MITCHELL H. CAPLAN | |||
Mitchell H. Caplan Chief Executive Officer | ||||
By | /S/ ROBERT J. SIMMONS | |||
Robert J. Simmons Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
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