SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2004
Commission File No. 001-12257
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
California | 95-221-1612 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
4484 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, California | 90010 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Registrants telephone number, including area code: (323) 937-1060
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Class |
Name of Exchange on Which Registered | |
Common Stock | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
NONE
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes x No ¨
The aggregate market value of the Registrants voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant at June 30, 2004 was approximately $1,294,000,000 (based upon the closing sales price on the New York Stock Exchange for such date, as reported by the Wall Street Journal).
At February 28, 2005, the Registrant had issued and outstanding an aggregate of 54,539,318 shares of its Common Stock.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of the definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Registrant to be held on May 11, 2005 are incorporated herein by reference into Part III hereof.
Item 1. Business
General
Mercury General Corporation (Mercury General) and its subsidiaries (collectively, the Company) are engaged primarily in writing all risk classifications of automobile insurance in a number of states, principally California. During 2004, private passenger automobile insurance and commercial automobile insurance accounted for 86.6% and 4.2%, respectively, of the Companys total gross premiums written. The percentage of gross automobile insurance premiums written during 2004 by state was 76.2% in California, 9.6% in Florida, 4.6% in New Jersey, 4.3% in Texas and 5.3% in all other states. The Company also writes homeowners insurance, mechanical breakdown insurance, commercial and dwelling fire insurance and commercial property insurance. The non-automobile lines of insurance accounted for 9.2% of gross premiums written in 2004, of which approximately 59% was in the homeowners line.
The Company offers automobile policyholders the following types of coverage: bodily injury liability, underinsured and uninsured motorist, personal injury protection, property damage liability, comprehensive, collision and other hazards. The Companys published maximum limits of liability for bodily injury are $250,000 per person, $500,000 per accident and, for property damage, $250,000 per accident. Subject to special underwriting approval, the combined policy limits may be as high as $1,000,000 for vehicles written under the Companys commercial automobile plan. However, under the majority of the Companys automobile policies, the limits of liability are equal to or less than $100,000 per person, $300,000 per accident and $50,000 for property damage.
In 2004, all of the Companys subsidiaries actively writing insurance, except American Mercury Insurance Company (AMI), American Mercury Lloyds Insurance Company (AML) and Mercury Indemnity Company of America (MIDAM) maintained a rating of A+ (Superior) by A.M. Best & Co. (A.M. Best). This is the second highest of the fifteen rating categories in the A.M. Best rating system, which range from A++ (Superior) to F (In Liquidation). AMI and AML, which accounted for approximately 5% of the Companys 2004 net premiums written, maintained an A.M. Best rating of A- (Excellent). MIDAM, which writes business in New Jersey, is currently not rated due to insufficient operating experience.
The principal executive offices of Mercury General are located in Los Angeles, California. The home office of its California insurance subsidiaries and the Companys computer and operations center is located in Brea, California. The Company opened a 130,000 square foot office building in Rancho Cucamonga, California in September 2003, which is used to support the Companys recent growth and future expansion. The Company purchased a 157,000 square foot office building in St. Petersburg, Florida in January 2005, which currently houses the East Region corporate office. The Company maintains branch offices in a number of locations in California as well as branch offices in Richmond, Virginia; Latham, New York; Vernon Hills, Illinois; Atlanta, Georgia; Clearwater, Florida; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and Austin, Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston and San Antonio, Texas. The Company has approximately 4,300 employees.
Website Access to Information
The internet address for the Companys website is www.mercuryinsurance.com. The Company makes available on its website its Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to such reports (the SEC Reports) filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) pursuant to Federal securities laws as soon as reasonably practicable after each SEC Report is filed with, or furnished to the SEC. In addition, copies of the SEC Reports are available, without charge, upon written request to the Companys Chief Financial Officer, Mercury General Corporation, 4484 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90010.
Organization
Mercury General, an insurance holding company, is the parent of Mercury Casualty Company (MCC), a California automobile insurer founded in 1961 by George Joseph, Mercury Generals Chief Executive Officer.
2
Including MCC, Mercury General has eighteen subsidiaries. The Companys insurance operations are conducted through the following insurance company subsidiaries:
Company Name |
Date Formed or |
Primary States | ||
Mercury Casualty Company (MCC) |
January 1961 | California Arizona Florida Nevada New York Virginia | ||
Mercury Insurance Company (MIC) |
November 1972 | California | ||
California Automobile Insurance Company (CAIC) |
June 1975 | California | ||
Mercury Insurance Company of Illinois (MIC IL) |
August 1989 | Illinois | ||
Mercury Insurance Company of Georgia (MIC GA) |
March 1989 | Georgia | ||
Mercury Indemnity Company of Georgia (MID GA) |
November 1991 | Georgia | ||
Mercury National Insurance Company (MNIC) |
December 1991 | Illinois Michigan | ||
American Mercury Insurance Company (AMI) |
December 1996 | Oklahoma Florida Georgia Texas | ||
American Mercury Lloyds Insurance Company (AML) |
December 1996 | Texas | ||
Mercury County Mutual Insurance Company (MCM) |
September 2000 | Texas | ||
Mercury Insurance Company of Florida (MIC FL) |
August 2001 | Florida Pennsylvania | ||
Mercury Indemnity Company of America (MIDAM) |
August 2001 | New Jersey |
Mercury Select Management Company, Inc. (MSMC), a Texas corporation serves as the attorney-in-fact for AML. The Company operates Concord Insurance Services, Inc. (Concord), a Texas insurance agency headquartered in Houston, Texas. MCM, a mutual insurance company organized under Chapter 17 of the Texas Insurance Code, is managed and controlled by the Company through a management agreement.
Management services are provided to Mercury Generals subsidiaries by Mercury Insurance Services, LLC (MISLLC), a subsidiary of MCC. Mercury General and its subsidiaries are referred to collectively as the Company unless the context indicates otherwise. Mercury General Corporation individually is referred to as Mercury General. All of the subsidiaries as a group, excluding MSMC, MISLLC and Concord, are referred to as the Insurance Companies. The term California Companies refers to MCC, MIC and CAIC.
Underwriting
The Company sets its own automobile insurance premium rates, subject to rating regulations issued by the Insurance Commissioners of the applicable states. Automobile insurance rates on voluntary business in California are subject to prior approval by the California Department of Insurance (DOI). The Company uses its own extensive database to establish rates and classifications. The California DOI has in effect rating factor regulations that influence the weight the Company ascribes to various classifications of data.
At December 31, 2004, good drivers (as defined by the California Insurance Code) accounted for approximately 78% of all voluntary private passenger automobile policies in force in California, while higher risk categories accounted for approximately 22%. The private passenger automobile renewal rate in California (the rate of acceptance of offers to renew) averages approximately 96%. The Company also offers homeowners, commercial property and commercial automobile and mechanical breakdown insurance in California.
3
In states outside of California, the Company offers non-standard, standard and preferred private passenger automobile insurance. Private passenger automobile policies in force for non-California operations represented approximately 24% of total private passenger automobile policies in force at December 31, 2004. In addition the Company offers mechanical breakdown insurance in all states outside of California and homeowners insurance in Florida, Illinois, Oklahoma and Georgia.
Production and Servicing of Business
The Company sells its policies through more than 4,200 independent agents and brokers, of which approximately 1,000 are located in each of California and Florida. The remainder are located in Georgia, Illinois, Texas, Oklahoma, New York, New Jersey, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Arizona, Nevada and Michigan. Over half of the agents and brokers in California have represented the Company for more than ten years. The agents and brokers, most of whom also represent one or more competing insurance companies, are independent contractors selected and contracted by the Company.
Other than one broker that produced approximately 14%, 16% and 16% during 2004, 2003, and 2002, respectively, of the Companys direct premiums written, no agent or broker accounted for more than 2% of direct premiums written.
The Company believes that it compensates its agents and brokers above the industry average. During 2004, total commissions incurred were approximately 17% of net premiums written.
The Companys advertising budget is allocated among television, newspaper, internet and direct mailing media to provide the best coverage available within defined media markets. While the majority of these advertising costs are borne by the Company, a portion of these costs are reimbursed by the Companys independent agents and brokers based upon the number of account leads generated by the advertising. The Company believes that its advertising program is important to create brand awareness and to remain competitive in the current insurance climate, and it intends to maintain or possibly expand the current level of advertising in 2005. During 2004, the Company incurred approximately $26 million in advertising expense. See Competitive Conditions
Claims
Claims operations are conducted by the Company. The claims staff administers all claims and directs all legal and adjustment aspects of the claims process. The Company adjusts most claims without the assistance of outside adjusters.
Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves
The Company maintains reserves for the payment of losses and loss adjustment expenses for both reported and unreported claims. Loss reserves are estimated based upon a case-by-case evaluation of the type of claim involved and the expected development of such claim. The amount of loss reserves and loss adjustment expense reserves for unreported claims are determined on the basis of historical information by line of insurance. Inflation is reflected in the reserving process through analysis of cost trends and reviews of historical reserving results.
The Companys ultimate liability may be greater or less than stated loss reserves. Reserves are closely monitored and are analyzed quarterly by the Companys actuarial consultants using current information on reported claims and a variety of statistical techniques. The Company does not discount to a present value that portion of its loss reserves expected to be paid in future periods. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 does, however, require the Company to discount loss reserves for Federal income tax purposes.
4
The following table sets forth a reconciliation of beginning and ending reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance deductions, as shown on the Companys consolidated financial statements for the periods indicated:
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 | ||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||
Net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses, beginning of year |
$ | 786,156 | $ | 664,889 | $ | 516,592 | ||||
Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses: |
||||||||||
Provision for insured events of the current year |
1,640,197 | 1,447,986 | 1,242,060 | |||||||
(Decrease) increase in provision for insured events of prior years |
(57,943 | ) | 4,065 | 26,183 | ||||||
Total incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses |
1,582,254 | 1,452,051 | 1,268,243 | |||||||
Payments: |
||||||||||
Losses and loss adjustment expenses attributable to insured events of the current year |
1,020,154 | 892,658 | 759,165 | |||||||
Losses and loss adjustment expenses attributable to insured events of prior years |
461,649 | 438,126 | 360,781 | |||||||
Total payments |
1,481,803 | 1,330,784 | 1,119,946 | |||||||
Net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses at the end of the period |
886,607 | 786,156 | 664,889 | |||||||
Reinsurance recoverable |
14,137 | 11,771 | 14,382 | |||||||
Gross liability at end of year |
$ | 900,744 | $ | 797,927 | $ | 679,271 | ||||
The decrease in the provision for insured events of prior years in 2004 relates largely to a decrease in the estimated inflation rates on the 2002 and 2003 accident years on bodily injury coverage for California automobile insurance. For 2003 and 2002, the increase largely relates to an increase in the ultimate liability for bodily injury, physical damage and collision claims over what was originally estimated. The increases in these claims relate to increased severity over what was originally recorded and are the result of inflationary trends in health care costs, auto parts and body shop labor costs.
During the third quarter of 2004, the state of Florida was ravaged by four hurricanes. The Company has estimated that its pre-tax losses resulting from these hurricanes is approximately $22 million. The estimate is based upon the total number of claims reported and the number of unreported claims anticipated as a result of the hurricanes. This compares with pre-tax losses of approximately $16 million incurred from the California firestorms in 2003.
The difference between the reserves reported in the Companys consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) and those reported in the statements filed with the DOI in accordance with statutory accounting principles (SAP) is shown in the following table:
December 31, | |||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 | |||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | |||||||||
Reserves reported on a SAP basis |
$ | 886,607 | $ | 786,156 | $ | 664,889 | |||
Reinsurance recoverable |
14,137 | 11,771 | 14,382 | ||||||
Reserves reported on a GAAP basis |
$ | 900,744 | $ | 797,927 | $ | 679,271 | |||
5
Under SAP, reserves are stated net of reinsurance recoverable in contrast to GAAP where reserves are stated gross of reinsurance recoverable.
The following table represents the development of loss reserves for the period 1994 through 2004. The top line of the table shows the reserves at the balance sheet date, net of reinsurance recoverable for each of the indicated years. This amount represents the estimated losses and loss adjustment expenses for claims arising in all prior years that are unpaid at the balance sheet date, including an estimate for losses that had been incurred but not yet reported to the Company. The upper portion of the table shows the cumulative amounts paid as of successive years with respect to that reserve liability. The middle portion of the table shows the re-estimated amount of the previously recorded reserves based on experience as of the end of each succeeding year, including cumulative payments made since the end of the respective year. The estimate changes as more information becomes known about the frequency and severity of claims for individual years. The bottom line shows the redundancy (deficiency) that exists when the original reserve estimates are greater (less) than the re-estimated reserves at December 31, 2004.
In evaluating the information in the table, it should be noted that each amount includes the effects of all changes in amounts for prior periods. This table does not present accident or policy year development data. Conditions and trends that have affected development of the liability in the past may not necessarily occur in the future. Accordingly, it may not be appropriate to extrapolate future redundancies or deficiencies based on this table.
As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses paid (cumulative) as of: |
$ | 223,392 | $ | 250,990 | $ | 311,754 | $ | 386,270 | $ | 385,816 | $ | 418,800 | $ | 463,803 | $ | 516,592 | $ | 664,889 | $ | 786,156 | $ | 886,607 | |||||||||||||||||||
One year later |
145,664 | 167,226 | 206,390 | 247,310 | 263,805 | 294,615 | 321,643 | 360,781 | 438,126 | 461,649 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Two years later. |
198,967 | 225,158 | 291,552 | 338,016 | 366,908 | 403,378 | 431,498 | 491,243 | 591,054 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Three years later. |
214,403 | 248,894 | 316,505 | 369,173 | 395,574 | 429,787 | 462,391 | 528,052 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Four years later |
219,596 | 253,708 | 324,337 | 379,233 | 402,000 | 439,351 | 476,072 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Five years later |
220,852 | 255,688 | 329,109 | 381,696 | 405,910 | 446,223 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Six years later |
221,771 | 257,041 | 329,825 | 383,469 | 409,853 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seven years later |
222,912 | 256,654 | 330,883 | 386,427 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eight years later |
222,492 | 257,292 | 333,634 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nine years later |
223,113 | 260,056 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ten years later |
225,371 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net reserves re-estimated as of: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
One year later |
216,684 | 247,122 | 324,572 | 376,861 | 393,603 | 442,437 | 480,732 | 542,775 | 668,954 | 728,213 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Two years later. |
222,861 | 254,920 | 329,210 | 378,057 | 407,047 | 449,094 | 481,196 | 549,262 | 660,705 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Three years later. |
221,744 | 257,958 | 327,749 | 383,588 | 410,754 | 446,242 | 483,382 | 546,667 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Four years later |
222,957 | 257,196 | 329,339 | 386,522 | 409,744 | 449,325 | 482,905 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Five years later |
221,947 | 256,395 | 332,570 | 385,770 | 410,982 | 448,813 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Six years later |
221,942 | 257,692 | 332,939 | 386,883 | 411,046 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seven years later |
223,215 | 258,743 | 333,720 | 386,952 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eight years later |
224,276 | 259,467 | 334,096 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nine years later |
225,019 | 260,091 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ten years later |
225,373 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net cumulative redundancy (deficiency) |
(1,981 | ) | (9,101 | ) | (22,342 | ) | (682 | ) | (25,230 | ) | (30,013 | ) | (19,102 | ) | (30,075 | ) | 4,184 | 57,943 |
6
As of December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross liabilityend of year |
253,546 | 336,685 | 409,061 | 405,976 | 434,843 | 492,220 | 534,926 | 679,271 | 797,927 | 900,744 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Reinsurance recoverable |
(2,556 | ) | (24,931 | ) | (22,791 | ) | (20,160 | ) | (16,043 | ) | (28,417 | ) | (18,334 | ) | (14,382 | ) | (11,771 | ) | (14,137 | ) | ||||||||||
Net liabilityend of year |
250,990 | 311,754 | 386,270 | 385,816 | 418,800 | 463,803 | 516,592 | 664,889 | 786,156 | 886,607 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Gross re-estimated liability latest |
269,760 | 361,598 | 411,836 | 432,670 | 465,953 | 512,968 | 566,516 | 677,168 | 744,171 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Re-estimated recoverable latest |
(9,669 | ) | (27,502 | ) | (24,884 | ) | (21,624 | ) | (17,140 | ) | (30,063 | ) | (19,849 | ) | (16,463 | ) | (15,958 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net re-estimated liability latest |
260,091 | 334,096 | 386,952 | 411,046 | 448,813 | 482,905 | 546,667 | 660,705 | 728,213 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Gross cumulative redundancy (deficiency) |
(16,214 | ) | (24,913 | ) | (2,775 | ) | (26,694 | ) | (31,110 | ) | (20,748 | ) | (31,590 | ) | 2,103 | 53,756 | ||||||||||||||
The Companys loss reserves estimated at December 31, 2003 produced a redundancy of approximately $58 million which was reflected in the financial statements as a reduction to the 2004 calendar year incurred losses. The Company attributes most of this redundancy to a change in the inflation rate assumptions used to establish reserves on the bodily injury coverage for California private passenger automobile insurance on the 2002 and 2003 accident years.
At year-end 2003, the Company had assumed bodily injury severity inflation on California private passenger automobile insurance of 9% on the 2001 accident year, 6% on the 2002 accident year and 7% on the 2003 accident year. At year-end 2004, these assumptions were reduced to 8% for 2001, 1% for 2002 and 1% for 2003. The Company reduced the inflation rate assumptions based on factors that emerged during 2004 including moderating to decreasing average amounts paid on closed claims in the 2003 and 2004 accident years and increased certainty in reserve amounts that comes through the passage of time as more claims from an accident period are closed.
The change in these inflation assumptions accounted for approximately $41 million of the decrease in the expected ultimate loss on the reserves established at December 31, 2003. Each percentage point change in the inflation rate assumption accounts for approximately $2.5 million of the redundancy on the 2002 accident year losses and approximately $5 million on the 2003 accident year losses. The effect is greater on the latter accident year because the lowering of the rate for accident year 2002 has a compounding effect on accident year 2003.
The remainder of the redundancy on the 2003 accident year primarily occurred in the Companys California homeowners line of business and Florida personal automobile line of business. California homeowners had approximately $6 million in reserve redundancy and Florida personal automobile had approximately $8 million in reserve redundancy.
For calendar year 2002, the Companys previously estimated loss reserves produced a small redundancy which was reflected in the following years losses. This redundancy was primarily the result of changing bodily injury severity inflation assumptions for the 2002 accident year as discussed above.
For calendar years 1998 through 2001, the Companys previously estimated loss reserves produced a deficiency which was reflected in the following years incurred losses. The Company attributes a large portion of the deficiency to an increase in the ultimate liability for bodily injury, physical damage and collision claims over what was originally estimated. The increases in these claims relate to increased severity over what was originally recorded and are the result of inflationary trends in health care costs, auto parts and body shop labor costs.
For calendar year 1997, the Companys previously estimated loss reserves produced a small deficiency indicating that the Company was reasonably accurate in establishing the initial reserve for that year.
7
For calendar years 1995 and 1996, the Companys previously estimated loss reserves produced deficiencies. These deficiencies relate to increases in the Companys ultimate estimates for loss adjustment expenses, which are based principally on the Companys actual experience. The adverse development on such reserves reflects the increases in the legal expenses of defending the Companys insureds arising from the Companys policy of aggressively defending, including litigating, exaggerated bodily injury claims arising from minimal impact automobile accidents.
For calendar year 1994, the Companys previously estimated loss reserve produced a small deficiency indicating that the Company was reasonably accurate in establishing the initial reserve for that year.
Operating Ratios
Loss and Expense Ratios
Loss and underwriting expense ratios are used to interpret the underwriting experience of property and casualty insurance companies. Losses and loss adjustment expenses, on a statutory basis, are stated as a percentage of premiums earned because losses occur over the life of a policy. Underwriting expenses on a statutory basis are stated as a percentage of premiums written rather than premiums earned because most underwriting expenses are incurred when policies are written and are not spread over the policy period. The statutory underwriting profit margin is the extent to which the combined loss and underwriting expense ratios are less than 100%. The Companys loss ratio, expense ratio and combined ratio, and the private passenger automobile industry combined ratio, on a statutory basis, are shown in the following table. The Companys ratios include lines of insurance other than private passenger automobile. Since these other lines represent only a small percentage of premiums written, the Company believes its ratios can be compared to the industry ratios included in the table.
Year ended December 31, |
|||||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||||||
Loss Ratio |
62.6 | % | 67.7 | % | 72.8 | % | 73.2 | % | 72.2 | % | |||||
Expense Ratio |
26.4 | 25.9 | 25.6 | 26.0 | 26.4 | ||||||||||
Combined Ratio |
89.0 | % | 93.6 | % | 98.4 | % | 99.2 | % | 98.6 | % | |||||
Industry combined ratio (all writers) (1) |
93.3 | %(2) | 97.9 | % | 103.7 | % | 107.4 | % | 108.0 | % | |||||
Industry combined ratio (excluding direct writers) (1) |
(N.A. | ) | 98.4 | % | 103.7 | % | 106.0 | % | 108.7 | % |
(1) | Source: A.M. Best, Aggregates & Averages (2001 through 2004), for all property and casualty insurance companies (private passenger automobile line only, after policyholder dividends). |
(2) | Source: A.M. Best, Bests Review, January 2005, Review Preview. |
(N.A.) Not available.
Under GAAP, the loss ratio is computed in the same manner as under statutory accounting, but the expense ratio is determined by matching underwriting expenses to the period over which net premiums were earned, rather than to the period that net premiums were written. The following table sets forth the Companys loss ratio, expense ratio and combined ratio determined in accordance with GAAP for the last five years.
Year ended December 31, |
|||||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||||||
Loss Ratio |
62.6 | % | 67.7 | % | 72.8 | % | 73.2 | % | 72.2 | % | |||||
Expense Ratio |
26.6 | 26.3 | 26.0 | 26.4 | 26.3 | ||||||||||
Combined Ratio |
89.2 | % | 94.0 | % | 98.8 | % | 99.6 | % | 98.5 | % | |||||
8
Premiums to Surplus Ratio
The following table shows, for the periods indicated, the Insurance Companies statutory ratios of net premiums written to policyholders surplus. Widely recognized guidelines established by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) indicate that this ratio should be no greater than 3 to 1.
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 | |||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands, except ratios) | |||||||||||||||
Net premiums written |
$ | 2,646,704 | $ | 2,268,778 | $ | 1,865,046 | $ | 1,442,886 | $ | 1,272,447 | |||||
Policyholders surplus |
$ | 1,361,072 | $ | 1,169,427 | $ | 1,014,935 | $ | 1,045,104 | $ | 954,753 | |||||
Ratio |
1.9 to 1 | 1.9 to 1 | 1.8 to 1 | 1.4 to 1 | 1.3 to 1 |
Risk-Based Capital
The NAIC employs a risk-based capital formula for casualty insurance companies that establishes recommended minimum capital requirements for casualty companies. The formula was designed to capture the widely varying elements of risks undertaken by writers of different lines of insurance having differing risk characteristics, as well as writers of similar lines where differences in risk may be related to corporate structure, investment policies, reinsurance arrangements and a number of other factors. Based on the formula adopted by the NAIC, the Company has calculated the risk-based capital requirements of each of the Insurance Companies as of December 31, 2004. Each of the Insurance Companies policyholders surplus exceeded the highest level of minimum required capital.
Statutory Accounting Principles
The Companys results are reported in accordance with GAAP, which differ from amounts reported in accordance with SAP as prescribed by insurance regulatory authorities. Specifically, under GAAP:
| Policy acquisition costs such as commissions, premium taxes and other variable costs incurred in connection with writing new and renewal business are capitalized and amortized on a pro rata basis over the period in which the related premiums are earned, rather than expensed as incurred, as required by SAP. |
| Certain assets are included in the consolidated balance sheets whereas, under SAP, such assets are designated as nonadmitted assets, and charged directly against statutory surplus. These assets consist primarily of premium receivables that are outstanding over 90 days, federal deferred tax assets in excess of statutory limitations, furniture, equipment, leasehold improvements and prepaid expenses. |
| Amounts related to ceded reinsurance are shown gross as prepaid reinsurance premiums and reinsurance recoverables, rather than netted against unearned premium reserves and loss and loss adjustment expense reserves, respectively, as required by SAP. |
| Fixed maturities securities, which are classified as available-for-sale, are reported at current market values, rather than at amortized cost, or the lower of amortized cost or market, depending on the specific type of security, as required by SAP. |
| Equity securities are reported at quoted market values which may differ from the NAIC market values as required by SAP. |
| Costs for computer software developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized and amortized over their useful life, rather then expensed as incurred, as required by SAP. |
| The differing treatment of income and expense items results in a corresponding difference in federal income tax expense. Changes in deferred income taxes are reflected as an item of income tax benefit or expense, rather than recorded directly to statutory surplus as regards policyholders, as required by SAP. Admittance testing may result in a charge to unassigned surplus for non-admitted portions of deferred tax assets. Under GAAP reporting, a valuation allowance may be recorded against the deferred tax asset and reflected as an expense. |
9
Investments and Investment Results
The Companys investments are directed by the Companys Chief Investment Officer under the supervision of the Companys Board of Directors. The Company follows an investment policy that is regularly reviewed and revised. The Companys policy emphasizes investment grade, fixed income securities and maximization of after-tax yields and places certain restrictions to limit portfolio concentrations and market exposure. Sales of securities are undertaken, with resulting gains or losses, in order to enhance after-tax yield and keep the portfolio in line with current market conditions. Tax considerations are important in portfolio management, and have been made more so since 1986 when the alternative minimum tax (AMT) was imposed on casualty companies. Changes in loss experience, growth rates and profitability produce significant changes in the Companys exposure to AMT liability, requiring appropriate shifts in the investment asset mix between taxable bonds, tax-exempt bonds and equities in order to maximize after-tax yield.
The following table sets forth the composition of the investment portfolio of the Company at the dates indicated:
December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 | ||||||||||||||||
Amortized Market | Amortized Market | Amortized Market | ||||||||||||||||
Cost |
Value |
Cost |
Value |
Cost |
Value | |||||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||
Taxable bonds |
$ | 533,715 | $ | 536,261 | $ | 350,750 | $ | 356,181 | $ | 198,994 | $ | 185,643 | ||||||
Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds |
1,623,147 | 1,700,932 | 1,492,873 | 1,576,606 | 1,352,616 | 1,433,242 | ||||||||||||
Sinking fund preferred stocks |
8,093 | 8,118 | 12,460 | 12,522 | 14,150 | 13,986 | ||||||||||||
Total fixed maturity investments |
2,164,955 | 2,245,311 | 1,856,083 | 1,945,309 | 1,565,760 | 1,632,871 | ||||||||||||
Equity investments incl. perpetual preferred stocks |
210,553 | 254,362 | 223,113 | 264,393 | 233,297 | 230,981 | ||||||||||||
Short-term cash investments |
421,369 | 421,369 | 329,812 | 329,812 | 286,806 | 286,806 | ||||||||||||
Total investments |
$ | 2,796,877 | $ | 2,921,042 | $ | 2,409,008 | $ | 2,539,514 | $ | 2,085,863 | $ | 2,150,658 | ||||||
The Company continually evaluates the recoverability of its investment holdings. When a decline in value of fixed maturities or equity securities is considered other than temporary, the Company writes the security down to fair value by recognizing a loss in the consolidated statement of income. Declines in value considered to be temporary are charged as unrealized losses to shareholders equity as accumulated other comprehensive income. See Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsLiquidity and Capital Resources, and Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
At year-end, approximately 58% of the Companys total investment portfolio, at market values, and 76% of its total fixed maturity investments, at market values, were invested in investment grade tax-exempt revenue and municipal bonds. Shorter duration sinking fund preferred stocks and collateralized mortgage obligations represented approximately 8.7% of the Companys total investment portfolio, at market values, and 11.4% of its total fixed maturity investments, at market values, at December 31, 2004. The average Standard & Poors rating of the Companys bond holdings was AA at December 31, 2004. Holdings of lower than investment grade bonds constitute approximately 1.7% of total invested assets.
The nominal average maturity of the overall bond portfolio, including collateralized mortgage obligations and short-term cash investments, was 11.3 years at December 31, 2004, which reflects a heavier portfolio mix in investment grade tax-exempt revenue and municipal bonds. The call-adjusted average maturity of the overall bond
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portfolio was shorter, approximately 4.0 years, because holdings are heavily weighted with high coupon issues that are expected to be called prior to maturity. The modified duration of the overall bond portfolio reflecting anticipated early calls was 3.2 years at December 31, 2004, including collateralized mortgage obligations with modified durations of approximately 1.6 years and short-term cash investments that carry no duration. Modified duration measures the length of time it takes, on average, to receive the present value of all the cash flows produced by a bond, including reinvestment of interest. Because it measures four factors (maturity, coupon rate, yield and call terms), which determine sensitivity to changes in interest rates, modified duration is considered a much better indicator of price volatility than simple maturity alone. The longer the duration, the greater the price volatility in relation to changes in interest rates.
Equity holdings consist of perpetual preferred stocks and dividend-bearing common stocks on which dividend income is partially tax-sheltered by the 70% corporate dividend exclusion. At year end, short-term cash investments consisted of highly rated short duration securities redeemable on a daily or weekly basis. This component of the portfolio was increased by management when longer term investment opportunities were considered unattractive as a result of the current interest rate environment.
The Company writes covered call options through listed exchanges and over-the-counter with the intent of generating additional income or return on capital. The total investment under the covered call program in 2004 was approximately $30 million. The Company as a writer of an option bears the market risk of an unfavorable change in the price of the security underlying the written option.
The following table summarizes the investment results of the Company for the five years ended December 31, 2004:
Year ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||
2004(1) |
2003(1) |
2002(1) |
2001(1) |
2000(1) |
||||||||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Average invested assets (includes short-term cash investments(2)) |
$ | 2,662,224 | $ | 2,310,966 | $ | 2,035,279 | $ | 1,828,455 | $ | 1,710,176 | ||||||||||
Net investment income: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Before income taxes |
109,681 | 104,520 | 113,083 | 114,511 | 106,466 | |||||||||||||||
After income taxes |
95,897 | 93,318 | 99,071 | 98,909 | 95,154 | |||||||||||||||
Average annual yield on investments: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Before income taxes |
4.1 | % | 4.5 | % | 5.6 | % | 6.3 | % | 6.2 | % | ||||||||||
After income taxes |
3.6 | % | 4.0 | % | 4.9 | % | 5.4 | % | 5.6 | % | ||||||||||
Net realized investment gains (losses) after income taxes(3) |
16,292 | 7,285 | (45,768 | ) | 4,233 | 2,564 | ||||||||||||||
Net (decrease) increase in un-realized gains/losses on all investments after income taxes |
$ | (4,284 | ) | $ | 42,693 | $ | 25,165 | $ | (13,896 | ) | $ | 70,342 |
(1) | Includes MCM for the last three months of 2000 and the full year in 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004. |
(2) | Fixed maturities and equities at cost. |
(3) | Includes investment write-downs, net of tax benefit, that the Company considered to be other than temporary of $0.6 million in 2004, $5.9 million in 2003 and $46.6 million in 2002. There were no investment write-downs in 2000 and 2001. |
Competitive Conditions
The property and casualty insurance industry is highly competitive. The insurance industry consists of a large number of companies, many of which operate in more than one state, offering automobile, homeowners and commercial property insurance, as well as insurance coverage in other lines. Many of the Companys competitors
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have larger volumes of business and greater financial resources than the Company. Based on the most recent regularly published statistical compilations of premiums written, the Company in 2003 was the third largest writer of private passenger automobile insurance in California. All of the Companys competitors having greater shares of the California market sell insurance through exclusive agents, rather than through independent agents and brokers.
The property and casualty insurance industry is highly cyclical, characterized by periods of high premium rates and shortages of underwriting capacity (hard market) followed by periods of severe price competition and excess capacity (soft market). In managements view, 2003 and 2004 were periods of very good results for companies underwriting automobile insurance. As a result, many competitors have recently begun reducing rates and increasing advertising expenditures. The Company expects this to continue in 2005 and consequently the premium growth rate will likely decline from the levels seen in 2004 (17%) and 2003 (22%).
Price and reputation for service are the principal means by which the Company competes with other automobile insurers. The Company believes that it has a good reputation for service, and it has, historically, been among the lowest-priced insurers doing business in California according to surveys conducted by the California DOI. In addition to good service and competitive pricing, for those insurers dealing through independent agents or brokers, as the Company does, the marketing efforts of agents and brokers is also a means of competition.
All rates charged by private passenger automobile insurers are subject to the prior approval of the California DOI. See RegulationAutomobile Insurance Rating Factor Regulations.
The Company encounters similar competition in each state and each line of business in which it operates outside California.
Reinsurance
Effective January 8, 2005, the Company terminated a property per risk reinsurance treaty that had been in place with Swiss Re since January 1999, and replaced it with a similar treaty with Employers Reinsurance Corporation (ERC), which is rated A by A.M. Best. The new treaty, which covers commercial property and homeowners, provides first layer coverage of $250,000 in excess of $750,000 for each risk, second layer coverage of $1,000,000 in excess of $1,000,000 per risk and third layer coverage of $3,000,000 in excess of $2,000,000 per risk.
The Swiss Re treaty was terminated on a cut off basis meaning that Swiss Re will remain liable for losses occurring prior to the date of termination. The Swiss Re treaty provides first layer coverage of $250,000 in excess of $750,000, second layer coverage of $1,000,000 in excess of $1,000,000, third layer coverage of $3,000,000 in excess of $2,000,000 and fourth layer coverage of $5,000,000 in excess of $5,000,000.
Prior to October 1, 2004, the Company had in place a treaty reinsurance agreement with Swiss Re, where risks written under personal umbrella policies were ceded to Swiss Re on a quota share basis. Prior to May 1, 2003 the treaty was on a 100% quota share basis and provided $4 million coverage in excess of $1 million for each risk. Effective May 1, 2003, the treaty was replaced with a 33% quota share agreement for umbrella policies with coverage amounts up to but not exceeding $2 million. Effective October 1, 2004, the umbrella coverage was terminated. The Company has chosen to end the treaty on a run-off basis meaning that the treaty will remain active for one year after the termination date with policies incepting September 30, 2004 and prior being covered per the treaty terms. Policies incepting on October 1, 2004 and after will not have any reinsurance coverage.
At December 31, 2004, the Company did not maintain catastrophe insurance but has determined that such coverage is warranted for certain coverages written in Florida and Georgia. Effective April 1, 2005, the Company expects to enter into a property catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance agreement that will cover all property and automobile physical damage (comprehensive peril only) coverages in those two states. The treaty is with a group of reinsurers and Lloyds underwriters and has two layers. The first layer provides coverage of $30,000,000 in excess
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of $70,000,000 and the second layer is for $50,000,000 in excess of $100,000,000. For all layers, the Company will retain 5% of the limit. Policies written in all other states do not have catastrophe coverage, as the Company believes it has adequate capitalization to absorb catastrophe losses in those states. The Company periodically reviews its requirements for catastrophic reinsurance particularly in areas that are prone to catastrophes.
For California, the Company has reduced its catastrophe exposure from earthquakes due to the placement of earthquake risks, written in conjunction with California homeowners policies, with the California Earthquake Authority. See RegulationCalifornia Earthquake Authority. Although the Companys catastrophe exposure to earthquakes has been reduced, the Company continues to have catastrophe exposure for fire following an earthquake.
ERC reinsures AMI through working layer treaties for property and casualty losses in excess of $500,000 up to $3 million. AMI has other reinsurance treaties and facultative arrangements in place for various smaller lines of business.
MCM maintains reinsurance treaties with several different reinsurers covering policies prior to January 1, 2001. The Company also holds a formal guarantee from ERC which reimburses MCM if any of the reinsurers fail to satisfy their obligations under their respective reinsurance agreements.
If any reinsurers are unable to perform their obligations under the reinsurance treaty, the Company will be required, as primary insurer, to discharge all obligations to its insureds in their entirety.
Regulation
The Companys business in California is subject to regulation and supervision by the California DOI, which has broad regulatory, supervisory and administrative powers.
The powers of the California DOI primarily include the prior approval of insurance rates and rating factors, the establishment of capital and surplus requirements and standards of solvency, restrictions on dividend payments and transactions with affiliates. The regulations of and supervision by the California DOI are designed principally for the benefit of policyholders and not for insurance company shareholders.
The California DOIs Market Conduct Division is responsible for conducting periodic examinations of companies to ensure compliance with the California Insurance Code and the California Code of Regulations with respect to rating, underwriting and claims handling practices. The most recent examination covered a compliance review of the activities of the Companys Special Investigation Unit commencing in October 2004. The report on the examination is pending finalization by the California DOI.
In February 2004, the California DOI issued a Notice of Non-Compliance (NNC) to the California Companies based on the trial court ruling in the Robert Krumme litigation. The NNC alleges that the California Companies willfully misrepresented the actual price insurance consumers could expect to pay for insurance by the amount of a one-time fee charged by the consumers insurance broker. The California Companies filed a Notice of Defense which is based on the same grounds that formed the Companys defense in the Robert Krumme case. The administrative proceeding has been stayed at the California DOIs request until a resolution is reached on the Robert Krumme case. Settlement negotiations have commenced in order to resolve the matter, including reimbursement of costs to the DOI and the payment of a monetary penalty. No specific discussions have taken place regarding the amount of any monetary penalty, except that the DOI has indicated that a monetary penalty would be required. The Company does not believe that it has done anything to warrant a monetary penalty from the California DOI. The Company is unable to estimate the ultimate amount of the monetary penalty therefore no adjustment for the potential monetary penalty is recorded in the financial statements. See Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
The Insurance Companies outside California are subject to the regulatory powers of the DOIs of the various states in which they operate. Those powers are similar to the regulatory powers in California enumerated above. Generally, the regulations relate primarily to standards of solvency and are designed for the benefit of policyholders and not of insurance company shareholders.
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In California, Georgia, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Nevada, insurance rates require prior approval from the State DOI, while Illinois, Texas, Virginia, Arizona and Michigan only require that rates be filed with the DOI. Oklahoma and Florida have a modified version of prior approval laws. In all states, the insurance code provides that rates must not be excessive, inadequate or unfairly discriminatory.
Persistency discounts predate the Proposition 103 rate regulations. They represent discounts on policy rates extended to consumers based on the number of consecutive years insurance coverage has existed. In 1990, in response to Proposition 103s allowance of optional rating factors promulgated by the California Insurance Commissioner (the Commissioner), the Commissioner issued regulations permitting persistency as a rating factor under the new rate regulations. No further definition of persistency discount was provided. In 1994, the Commissioner conducted a market conduct examination of the Company, after which he indicated he believed Mercurys persistency discount, then awarded only to consumers serviced by the Companys agents and brokers, was unfairly discriminatory. In response to that examination, in 1995 the Company filed, and secured approval, for a persistency discount awarded to insureds with continuous coverage with any insurerwhat has come to be called portable persistency. This discount was consistently reapproved by the Commissioner until Commissioner Harry Low took the position that only loyalty persistencythat is, the kind of persistency discount the Company awarded prior to 1995was allowable under Proposition 103.
The California DOI required all insurers offering persistency discounts to make class plan filings by January 15, 2003, removing the portability of the persistency discounts. These class plans were never implemented because Senate Bill 841 was enacted during 2003 amending the California Insurance Code to allow insurers to offer products with portable persistency discounts. In January 2004, this legislation was overturned through judicial proceedings in the Los Angeles Superior Court. The Company intervened in the original proceedings and expects appellate review of this ruling to be heard in the second quarter of 2005. The outcome of such action is uncertain; however, in the meantime, the Company is allowed to maintain its existing portable persistency discounts. The changes made during the class plan filing indicated that removing persistency discounts is revenue neutral for the Companys existing business. The removal of persistency discounts could have an impact on the Companys price competitiveness in attracting new business and would cause many existing customers rates to change. However, this impact, if any, is undeterminable.
On October 20, 2004, the Commissioner proposed regulations which require greater disclosure of the commissions that brokers may receive from insurance companies for selling insurance policies. The proposed regulations are designed to protect consumers from undisclosed commissions and would penalize any broker who places his or her own financial or other interest above that of a client. Under the proposed regulations, brokers and agents would be required to disclose all material facts regarding third party compensation. Brokers would also be required to provide their clients insurance quotes from the best available insurer. The Company believes that this proposed regulation, if enacted, will not have a material impact on its business since the Company is a leading provider of competitively-priced insurance in the California marketplace.
The California DOI conducted a financial examination of the California Companies as of December 31, 2003. The exam resulted in no material findings or recommendations. The state of Florida conducted financial examinations of MIC FL and MIDAM as of December 31, 2002 and again as of December 31, 2003 as required by Florida statute for a start-up company. The exam as of December 31, 2002 resulted in no material findings or recommendations. The report on examination for the period ending December 31, 2003 is pending finalization. The Georgia DOI is conducting a financial examination of MIC GA and MID GA as of December 31, 2003. The report is not yet available.
The operations of the Company are dependent on the laws of the states in which it does business and changes in those laws can materially affect the revenue and expenses of the Company. The Company retains its own legislative advocates in California. The Company also makes financial contributions to officeholders and candidates. In 2004 and 2003, those contributions amounted to $534,800 and $789,600, respectively. The Company believes in supporting the political process and intends to continue to make such contributions in amounts which it determines to be appropriate.
14
During 2004, the Company spent substantial management time and resources in anticipation of the attestation by its independent auditor of managements report with respect to its internal controls over financial reporting as required by Section 404 (SOX 404) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. As part of its readiness preparation, the Company engaged the services of consultants from a large international consulting firm and consultants from a Big Four accounting firm. The Company estimates that its total expenditures will be approximately $2 million (including audit fees) relating to the readiness preparation and the attestation by its independent auditor of managements report of its internal controls over financial reporting. The Company expects SOX 404 related costs will be lower in 2005.
Insurance Guarantee Association
The California Insurance Guarantee Association (the Association) was created to provide for payment of claims for which insolvent insurers of most casualty lines are liable but which cannot be paid out of such insurers assets. The Company is subject to assessment by the Association for its pro-rata share of such claims based on premiums written in the particular line in the year preceding the assessment by insurers writing that line of insurance in California. Such assessments are based upon estimates of losses to be incurred in liquidating an insolvent insurer. In a particular year, the Company cannot be assessed an amount greater than 2% of its premiums written in the preceding year. Assessments are recouped through a mandated surcharge to policyholders the year after the assessment. Insurance subsidiaries in the other states are also subject to the provisions of similar insurance guaranty associations. The Company accounts for assessments in accordance with AICPA Statement of Position 97-3 (SOP 97-3), which requires the recognition of a liability when an assessment is levied or information is available indicating that an assessment is probable. In addition, SOP 97-3 prohibits the recognition of an asset for recoveries related to new business or renewal of short duration policies. There were no material assessments levied against the Company during 2004.
Holding Company Act
The California Companies are subject to regulation by the California DOI pursuant to the provisions of the California Insurance Holding Company System Regulatory Act (the Holding Company Act). The California DOI may examine the affairs of each of the California Companies at any time. The Holding Company Act requires disclosure of any material transactions among the companies. Certain transactions and dividends defined to be of an extraordinary type may not be effected if the California DOI disapproves the transaction within 30 days after notice. Such transactions include, but are not limited to, certain reinsurance transactions and sales, purchases, exchanges, loans and extensions of credit, and investments, in the net aggregate, involving more than the lesser of 3% of the respective California Companys admitted assets or 25% of statutory surplus as to policyholders, as of the preceding December 31. An extraordinary dividend is a dividend which, together with other dividends or distributions made within the preceding 12 months, exceeds the greater of 10% of the insurance companys statutory policyholders surplus as of the preceding December 31 or the insurance companys statutory net income for the preceding calendar year. An insurance company is also required to notify the California DOI of any dividend after declaration, but prior to payment.
The Holding Company Act also provides that the acquisition or change of control of a California domiciled insurance company or of any person who controls such an insurance company cannot be consummated without the prior approval of the California Insurance Commissioner. In general, a presumption of control arises from the ownership of voting securities and securities that are convertible into voting securities, which in the aggregate constitute 10% or more of the voting securities of a California insurance company or of a person that controls a California insurance company, such as Mercury General. A person seeking to acquire control, directly or indirectly, of the Company must generally file with the California Insurance Commissioner an application for change of control containing certain information required by statute and published regulations and provide a copy of the application to the Company. The Holding Company Act also effectively restricts the Company from consummating certain reorganizations or mergers without prior regulatory approval.
The insurance subsidiaries in Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Oklahoma and Texas are subject to holding company acts in those states, the provisions of which are substantially similar to those of the Holding Company Act.
15
Assigned Risks
Automobile liability insurers in California are required to sell bodily injury liability, property damage liability, medical expense and uninsured motorist coverage to a proportionate number (based on the insurers share of the California automobile casualty insurance market) of those drivers applying for placement as assigned risks. Drivers seek placement as assigned risks because their driving records or other relevant characteristics, as defined by Proposition 103, make them difficult to insure in the voluntary market. Premium rates for assigned risk business are set by the California DOI. In October 1990, more stringent rules for gaining entry into the Assigned Risk Program were approved, resulting in a substantial reduction in the number of assigned risks insured by the Company since 1991. Since January 1, 1994, the California Insurance Code has required that rates established for this program be adequate to support this programs losses and expenses. The California DOI approved a rate decrease of 28.3% effective February 1, 1999. The California DOI approved rate increases of 15.5% and 10.3% on new and renewal assigned risk business effective November 1, 2003 and November 19, 2004, respectively. While the number of the Companys assignments increased in 2002 and 2003, its total assignments decreased slightly in 2004. In 2004, assigned risks represented 0.2% of total automobile direct premiums written and 0.2% of total automobile direct premium earned. The Company attributes the low level of assignments to the competitive voluntary market. Many of the other states in which the Company conducts business offer similar programs to that of California. These programs are not a significant contributor to the business written in those states.
Automobile Insurance Rating Factor Regulations
California Proposition 103 requires that property and casualty insurance rates be approved by the California Insurance Commissioner prior to their use, and that no rate be approved which is excessive, inadequate, unfairly discriminatory or otherwise in violation of the provisions of the initiative. The proposition specifies four statutory factors required to be applied in decreasing order of importance in determining rates for private passenger automobile insurance: (1) the insureds driving safety record, (2) the number of miles the insured drives annually, (3) the number of years of driving experience of the insured and (4) whatever optional factors are determined by the California Insurance Commissioner to have a substantial relationship to risk of loss and adopted by regulation. The statute further provides that insurers are required to give at least a 20% discount to good drivers, as defined, from rates that would otherwise be charged to such drivers and that no insurer may refuse to insure a good driver.
The California Insurance Commissioner uses rating factor regulations which are designed to implement the Proposition 103 guidelines. The Companys rate plan was approved by the California Insurance Commissioner and operates under these rating factor regulations.
California Financial Responsibility Law
California requires proof of insurance for the registration (new or renewal) of a motor vehicle. It also provides for substantial penalties for failure to supply proof of insurance if a driver is stopped for a traffic violation. In addition, California provides that uninsured drivers who are injured in an automobile accident are able to recover only actual, out-of-pocket medical expenses and lost wages and are not entitled to receive awards for general damages, i.e., pain and suffering. This restriction also applies to drunk drivers and fleeing felons. The law has helped in controlling loss costs.
California Earthquake Authority
The California Earthquake Authority (CEA) is a quasi-governmental organization that was established to provide a market for earthquake coverage to California homeowners. Since 1998, the Company places all new and renewal earthquake coverage offered with its homeowners policy through the CEA. The Company receives a small fee for placing business with the CEA.
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Upon the occurrence of a major seismic event, the CEA has the ability to assess participating companies for losses. These assessments are made after CEA capital has been expended and are based upon each companys participation percentage multiplied by the amount of the total assessment. Based upon the most recent information provided by the CEA, the Companys maximum total exposure to CEA assessments at April 29, 2004, is approximately $47 million.
Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002
On November 26, 2002, the federal government enacted the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (the Act), which established a temporary Federal program that provides for a system of shared public and private compensation for insured commercial property and casualty losses resulting from acts of terrorism, as defined within the Act. The Terrorism Insurance Program (the Program) requires all commercial property and casualty insurers licensed in the United States to participate. The Program provides that in the event of a terrorist attack, as defined, resulting in insurance industry losses exceeding $5 million, the U.S. government will provide funding to the insurance industry on an annual aggregate basis of 90% of covered losses up to $100 billion. Each insurance company is subject to a deductible based upon a percentage of the previous years direct earned premium; with the percentage increasing each year. The Program required insurers to notify in-force commercial policyholders by February 24, 2003 that coverage for terrorism acts is provided and the cost for this coverage. The Company is required to offer this coverage at each subsequent renewal even if the policyholder elected to exclude this coverage in the previous policy period. The Program became effective upon enactment and runs through December 31, 2005.
The Company writes a limited amount of commercial property policies and does not write policies on properties considered to be a target of terrorist activities such as airports, hotels, large office structures, amusement parks, landmark defined structures or other public facilities. In addition, the Company does not insure a high concentration of commercial policies in any one area where increased exposure to terrorist threats exist. Consequently, the Company believes its exposure relating to acts of terrorism is low. Less than five percent of the Companys commercial property policyholders purchased this coverage in 2004.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY
The following table sets forth certain information concerning the executive officers of the Company as of February 15, 2005:
Name |
Age |
Position | ||
George Joseph |
83 | Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer | ||
Gabriel Tirador |
40 | President and Chief Operating Officer | ||
Bruce E. Norman |
56 | Senior Vice PresidentMarketing | ||
Jack Dougherty |
41 | Vice PresidentEastern Region | ||
Maria Fitzpatrick |
47 | Vice President and Chief Information Officer | ||
Christopher Graves |
39 | Vice President and Chief Investment Officer | ||
Kenneth G. Kitzmiller |
58 | Vice PresidentUnderwriting | ||
Rick McCathron |
33 | Vice PresidentWestern Region | ||
Joanna Y. Moore |
49 | Vice President and Chief Claims Officer | ||
Peter Simon |
45 | Vice President and Chief Technology Officer | ||
Theodore R. Stalick |
41 | Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||
Charles Toney |
43 | Vice President and Chief Actuary | ||
Judy A. Walters |
58 | Vice PresidentCorporate Affairs and Secretary |
Mr. Joseph, Chief Executive Officer of the Company and Chairman of its Board of Directors, has served in those capacities since 1961. Mr. Joseph has more than 50 years experience in the property and casualty insurance business.
17
Mr. Tirador, President and Chief Operating Officer, served as the Companys assistant controller from March 1994 to December 1996. During January 1997 to February 1998 he served as the Vice President and Controller of the Automobile Club of Southern California. He rejoined the Company in February 1998 as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. He was appointed President and Chief Operating Officer in October 2001. Mr. Tirador has over 15 years experience in the property and casualty insurance industry and is a Certified Public Accountant.
Mr. Norman, Senior Vice President in charge of Marketing, has been employed by the Company since 1971. Mr. Norman was named to his current position in February 1999, and has been a Vice President since October 1985 and a Vice President of MCC since 1983. Mr. Norman has supervised the selection and training of agents and managed relations between agents and the Company since 1977. In February 1996, he was elected to the Board of Directors of each of the California Companies.
Mr. Dougherty, Vice PresidentEastern Region, joined the Company in 1998 where he served as the General Manager for the Companys Florida operations. He was named to his current position in April 2004. In this position, Mr. Dougherty is responsible for all aspects of the Companys operations east of the Mississippi River. As General Manager of the Florida operations, Mr. Dougherty was responsible for the marketing, underwriting and claims functions within Florida.
Ms. Fitzpatrick, Vice President and Chief Information Officer, joined the Company in February 2004, and is responsible for information technology operations. Prior to joining Mercury, she served as the Senior Vice PresidentChief Information Officer for Pacificare Health Systems from 2000 to 2003 and Vice President of Systems Development at Pacificare Health Systems since 1996.
Mr. Graves, Vice President and Chief Investment Officer, has been employed by the Company in the investment department since 1986. Mr. Graves was appointed Chief Investment Officer in June 1998, and named Vice President in April 2001.
Mr. Kitzmiller, Vice PresidentUnderwriting, has been employed by the Company in the underwriting department since 1972. In August 1991, he was appointed Vice President of Underwriting of Mercury General and has supervised the California underwriting activities of the Company since early 1996.
Mr. McCathron, Vice PresidentWestern Region, joined the Company in the underwriting department in 1993. He was named to his current position in April 2004. In this position, Mr. McCathron is responsible for all aspects of the Companys operations west of the Mississippi River, excluding California. Mr. McCathron has served in various positions and responsibilities since joining the Company.
Ms. Moore, Vice President and Chief Claims Officer, joined the Company in the claims department in March 1981. She was named Vice President of Claims of Mercury General in August 1991 and has held her present position since July 1995.
Mr. Simon, Vice President and Chief Technology Officer, has been employed by the Company since 1980. He was appointed to his current position in October 2003. Prior to this appointment, Mr. Simon served as a Vice President in the Information Systems Department since December 1999.
Mr. Stalick, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, joined the Company as Corporate Controller in June 1997. In October 2000, he was named Chief Accounting Officer, a role he held until appointed to his current position in October 2001. Mr. Stalick is a Certified Public Accountant.
Mr. Toney, Vice President and Chief Actuary, joined the Company in May 1984 as a programmer/analyst. In 1994 he earned his Fellowship in the Casualty Actuarial Society and was appointed to his current position.
Ms. Walters has been employed by the Company since 1967, and has served as its Secretary since 1982. Ms. Walters was named Vice PresidentCorporate Affairs in June 1998.
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Item 2. Properties
The home office of the California Companies and the Companys computer facilities are located in Brea, California in 238,000 square feet of office space owned by the Company.
The Companys executive offices are located in a 36,000 square foot office building in Los Angeles, California, owned by MCC. The Company occupies approximately 95% of the building and leases the remaining office space to others.
The Company owns a 130,000 square foot office building in Rancho Cucamonga, California that opened in September 2003. This space is used to support the Companys recent growth and future expansion. Any space in the building that is not occupied by the Company may be leased to outside parties.
In January 2005, the Company purchased a 157,000 square foot office building in St. Petersburg, Florida. This building currently houses the Companys East Region corporate offices and seven outside tenants. In the future, the Company plans to expand into the spaces occupied by the outside tenants as their lease terms end.
The Company leases all of its other office space. Office location is not material to the Companys operations, and the Company anticipates no difficulty in extending these leases or obtaining comparable office space.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
The Company is, from time to time, named as a defendant in various lawsuits incidental to its insurance business. In most of these actions, plaintiffs assert claims for punitive damages, which are not insurable under judicial decisions. The Company has established reserves for lawsuits in cases where the Company is able to estimate its potential exposure and it is probable that the court will rule against the Company. The Company vigorously defends actions against it, unless a reasonable settlement appears appropriate. The Company believes that adverse results, if any, in the actions currently pending should not have a material effect on the Companys operations or financial position.
In Robert Krumme, On Behalf Of The General Public vs. Mercury Insurance Company, Mercury Casualty Company, and California Automobile Insurance Company (Superior Court for the City and County of San Francisco), initially filed June 30, 2000, the plaintiff asserted an unfair trade practices claim under Section 17200 of the California Business and Professions Code. Specifically, the case involves a dispute over the legality of broker fees (generally less than $100 per policy) charged by independent brokers who sell the Companys products to consumers that purchase insurance policies written by the California Companies. The plaintiff asserted that the brokers who sell the Companys products should not charge broker fees and that the Company benefits from these fees and should be liable for them. The plaintiff sought an elimination of the broker fees and restitution of previously paid broker fees. In April 2003, the court ruled that the brokers involved in the suit were in fact agents of the Company; however, the court also held that the Company was not responsible for retroactive restitution. The court issued an injunction on May 16, 2003 that prevents the Company from either (a) selling auto or homeowners insurance through any producer that is not appointed as an agent under Insurance Code, Section 1704, (b) selling auto or homeowners insurance through any producer that charges broker fees and (c) engaging in comparative rate advertising and failing to disclose the possibility that a broker fee may be charged. The Company appealed, which had the effect of staying all but the advertising aspects of the courts injunction. After the trial court decision, the Company changed its comparative rate advertising and now discloses the possibility that broker fees may be charged. In October 2004, the California Court of Appeals upheld the judgment of the trial court and denied the Companys request for rehearing. On January 19, 2005, the California Supreme Court denied the Companys petition to review the decision rendered by the California Court of Appeals.
Following the decision by the California Supreme Court not to review the California Court of Appeals ruling, representatives of the Company held discussions with representatives of the plaintiffs and of the California DOI regarding changes to the Companys business practices that have been or may be implemented in response to the
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case. As a result of these discussions, a stipulation was filed jointly by the plaintiffs and the Company to extend the stay of the trial courts injunction that was in place during the appeals process. The Company filed a Motion to Vacate the trial courts injunction on the basis that the Company has implemented material changes in its relationship with broker-agents. A hearing is scheduled on March 24, 2005 in the Superior Court of the State of California regarding the Companys Motion to Vacate. The Company is unable to estimate the impact, if any, should it be required to appoint its brokers as agents.
In February 2004, the California DOI issued a Notice of Non-Compliance (NNC) to the California Companies based on the trial court ruling in the Robert Krumme litigation. The NNC alleges that the California Companies willfully misrepresented the actual price insurance consumers could expect to pay for insurance by the amount of a one-time fee charged by the consumers insurance broker. The California Companies filed a Notice of Defense which is based on the same grounds that formed the Companys defense in the Robert Krumme case. The administrative proceeding has been stayed at the California DOIs request until a resolution is reached on the Robert Krumme case. Settlement negotiations have commenced in order to resolve the matter including reimbursement of costs to the DOI and the payment of a monetary penalty. No specific discussions have taken place regarding the amount of monetary penalty, except that the DOI has indicated that a monetary penalty would be required. The Company does not believe that it has done anything to warrant a monetary penalty from the California DOI. The Company is unable to estimate the ultimate amount of the monetary penalty therefore no adjustment for the potential monetary penalty is recorded in the financial statements.
In Kate Steinbeck vs. Mercury Insurance Company, Mercury Casualty Company, and California Automobile Insurance Company (Orange County Superior Court), filed October 7, 2004, the plaintiff alleges that billing service fees charged in connection with installment payments made by insureds constitute premium and that Section 381 of the California Insurance Code bars the charging of premium not specified in the policy. The Complaint states claims for breach of contract, violations of the California Unfair Competition Law, violation of the California Consumer Legal Remedies Act, and common count claims for unjust enrichment and money had and received under this theory. The Complaint also seeks class action status, unspecified damages and restitution, injunctive relief, and unspecified attorneys fees. On January 19, 2005, the Company filed a Demurrer to the Complaint seeking its dismissal with prejudice for failure to state a claim and a Motion to Strike Certain Allegations in the Complaint. The latter motion seeks to strike the class and representative allegations in the Complaint in the event the Demurrer is not sustained with prejudice as to all of the plaintiffs alleged individual causes of actions. The Demurrer and Motion to Strike are currently scheduled to be heard in April 2005. The Company believes that its actions are in compliance with both industry practice and California law and intends to vigorously defend this case. The Company can not predict the ultimate outcome at this stage of the proceedings.
Sam Donabedian, individually, and on behalf of those similarly situated vs. Mercury Insurance Company (Los Angeles Superior Court), filed April 20, 2001, involves a dispute over insurance rates/premiums charged to the plaintiff and the legality of persistency discounts. The action was dismissed when the Companys Demurrer to the plaintiffs First Amended Complaint was sustained without leave to amend. The dismissal of this case was appealed and then overruled by an Appellate Court on the basis that there are factual issues as to whether the persistency discounts as applied comply with the Companys class plan and the California Insurance Code. The California Supreme Court declined to grant review. The plaintiff filed a Second Amended Complaint in December 2004, which specifically alleges that the Company violated California Business and Professional Code 17200 et seq. and California Civil Code Section 1750 et seq. and that it breached the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. The Second Amended Complaint seeks relief in the form of an injunction to cease the alleged unfair business acts, notification to policyholders of the alleged acts, unspecified restitution and monetary damages including punitive damages and unspecified attorneys fees and costs. The plaintiff filed a Third Amended Complaint in February 2005 which was substantially the same as the Second Amended Complaint. The Company filed Demurrers to the Amended Complaints. A hearing is scheduled for April 22, 2005. No trial date has been scheduled and the Plaintiff has not filed a motion seeking to certify the putative class. The Company intends to vigorously defend this case. Since the case is in its early stages, the Company is not able to determine the potential outcome of this matter and potential liability exposure.
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Dan ODell, individually and on behalf of others similarly situated v. Mercury Insurance Company, Mercury General Corporation (Los Angeles Superior Court), filed July 12, 2002, involves a dispute over whether the Companys use of certain automated database vendors to help determine the value of total loss claims is proper. The plaintiff (along with plaintiffs in other coordinated cases against other insurers) is seeking class certification and unspecified damages for breach of contract and bad faith, including punitive damages, restitution, an injunction preventing us from using valuation software and unspecified attorneys fees and costs. In 2003, the court granted the Companys motion to stay the action pending compliance with a contractual arbitration provision. The arbitration was completed in August 2004 and the award in the Companys favor has been confirmed by the court in January 2005. Based upon the arbitration result and other defenses, the Company intends to challenge the pleadings and seek dismissal. The Company is not able to evaluate the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or to estimate a range of potential loss in the event of an unfavorable outcome at the present time.
In Marissa Goodman, on her own behalf and on behalf of all others similarly situated v. Mercury Insurance Company (Los Angeles Superior Court), filed June 16, 2002, the plaintiff is challenging the Companys use of certain automated database vendors to assist in valuing claims for medical payments. The plaintiff is seeking to have the case certified as a class action. As with the ODell case above, and the other cases in the coordinated proceedings, plaintiff alleges that these automated databases systematically undervalue medical payment claims to the detriment of insureds. The plaintiff is seeking unspecified actual and punitive damages. Similar lawsuits have been filed against other insurance carriers in the industry. The case has been coordinated with two other similar cases, and also with ten other cases relating to total loss claims. The Company and the other defendants were successful on demurrer. The plaintiffs filed a Second Amended Complaint on June 28, 2004 which was substantially the same as the original complaint. The Company has answered the Second Amended Complaint and will file a Motion for Summary Judgment as to the claims of Ms. Goodman. The Company expects the Motion to be heard in May 2005. The Company is not able to evaluate the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or to estimate a range of potential loss in the event of an unfavorable outcome at the present time. The Company intends to vigorously defend this lawsuit jointly with the other defendants in the coordinated proceedings.
The Company is also involved in proceedings relating to assessments and rulings made by the California Franchise Tax Board. See Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of OperationsGeneral, and Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders by the Company during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report.
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PART II
Item 5. Market for the Registrants Common Equity, Related Security Holder Matters and Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities
Price Range of Common Stock
The Companys common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (symbol: MCY). The following table shows the high and low sales prices per share in each quarter during the past two years as reported in the consolidated transaction reporting system.
High |
Low | |||||
2003 |
||||||
1st Quarter |
$ | 39.05 | $ | 33.50 | ||
2nd Quarter |
$ | 48.59 | $ | 37.82 | ||
3rd Quarter |
$ | 47.40 | $ | 42.05 | ||
4th Quarter |
$ | 50.30 | $ | 44.78 | ||
High |
Low | |||||
2004 |
||||||
1st Quarter |
$ | 53.24 | $ | 46.29 | ||
2nd Quarter |
$ | 53.40 | $ | 47.70 | ||
3rd Quarter |
$ | 53.27 | $ | 46.95 | ||
4th Quarter |
$ | 60.26 | $ | 47.60 |
The closing price of the Companys common stock on February 28, 2005 was $54.86.
Dividends
Since the public offering of its common stock in November 1985, the Company has paid regular quarterly dividends on its common stock. During 2004 and 2003, the Company paid dividends on its common stock of $1.48 per share and $1.32 per share, respectively. On January 28, 2005, the Board of Directors declared a $0.43 quarterly dividend payable on March 31, 2005 to stockholders of record on March 15, 2005.
The common stock dividend rate has increased at least once each year since dividends were initiated in January, 1986. For financial statement purposes, the Company records dividends on the declaration date. The Company expects to continue the payment of quarterly dividends; however, the continued payment and amount of cash dividends will depend upon, among other factors, the Companys operating results, overall financial condition, capital requirements and general business conditions.
As a holding company, Mercury General is largely dependent upon dividends from its subsidiaries to pay dividends to its shareholders. These subsidiaries are subject to state laws that restrict their ability to distribute dividends. For example, California state laws permit a casualty insurance company to pay dividends and advances within any 12-month period, without any prior regulatory approval, in an amount up to the greater of 10% of statutory earned surplus at the preceding December 31, or statutory net income for the calendar year preceding the date the dividend is paid. Under the state restrictions, the direct insurance subsidiaries of the Company are entitled to pay dividends to Mercury General during 2005 of up to approximately $235 million without prior regulatory approval. See Item 1. BusinessRegulationHolding Company Act, and Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Assembly Bill 263, signed into law in September 2004, established a dividend received deduction of 80% for tax years 1997 through 2007 and an 85% dividend received deduction after 2007 on the dividends the Company receives from its insurance company subsidiaries. The effect of this law on the Company will be to create a tax liability on dividends paid from the insurance subsidiaries to Mercury General. The amount of this liability is not expected to be significant.
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Shareholders of Record
The approximate number of holders of record of the Companys common stock as of February 28, 2005 was 209. The approximate number of beneficial holders as of February 28, 2005 was 11,000.
Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 | |||||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||
Income Data: |
|||||||||||||||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 2,528,636 | $ | 2,145,047 | $ | 1,741,527 | $ | 1,380,561 | $ | 1,249,259 | |||||||
Net investment income |
109,681 | 104,520 | 113,083 | 114,511 | 106,466 | ||||||||||||
Net realized investment gains (losses) |
25,065 | 11,207 | (70,412 | ) | 6,512 | 3,944 | |||||||||||
Other |
4,775 | 4,743 | 2,073 | 5,396 | 6,349 | ||||||||||||
Total revenues |
2,668,157 | 2,265,517 | 1,786,271 | 1,506,980 | 1,366,018 | ||||||||||||
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
1,582,254 | 1,452,051 | 1,268,243 | 1,010,439 | 901,781 | ||||||||||||
Policy acquisition cost |
562,553 | 473,314 | 378,385 | 301,670 | 268,657 | ||||||||||||
Other operating expenses |
111,285 | 91,295 | 74,875 | 62,335 | 59,733 | ||||||||||||
Interest |
4,222 | 3,056 | 4,100 | 7,727 | 7,292 | ||||||||||||
Total expenses |
2,260,314 | 2,019,716 | 1,725,603 | 1,382,171 | 1,237,463 | ||||||||||||
Income before income taxes |
407,843 | 245,801 | 60,668 | 124,809 | 128,555 | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
121,635 | 61,480 | (5,437 | ) | 19,470 | 19,189 | |||||||||||
Net Income |
$ | 286,208 | $ | 184,321 | $ | 66,105 | $ | 105,339 | $ | 109,366 | |||||||
Per Share Data: |
|||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share |
$ | 5.25 | $ | 3.39 | $ | 1.22 | $ | 1.94 | $ | 2.02 | |||||||
Diluted earnings per share |
$ | 5.24 | $ | 3.38 | $ | 1.21 | $ | 1.94 | $ | 2.02 | |||||||
Dividends paid |
$ | 1.48 | $ | 1.32 | $ | 1.20 | $ | 1.06 | $ | .96 | |||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 | |||||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: |
|||||||||||||||||
Total investments |
$ | 2,921,042 | $ | 2,539,514 | $ | 2,150,658 | $ | 1,936,171 | $ | 1,794,961 | |||||||
Premiums receivable |
284,690 | 231,277 | 186,446 | 143,612 | 123,070 | ||||||||||||
Total assets |
3,609,743 | 3,119,766 | 2,645,296 | 2,316,540 | 2,142,263 | ||||||||||||
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
900,744 | 797,927 | 679,271 | 534,926 | 492,220 | ||||||||||||
Unearned premiums |
799,679 | 681,745 | 560,649 | 434,720 | 377,813 | ||||||||||||
Notes payable |
124,743 | 124,714 | 128,859 | 129,513 | 107,889 | ||||||||||||
Deferred income tax liability (asset) |
30,606 | 17,808 | (17,004 | ) | (1,252 | ) | 8,336 | ||||||||||
Shareholders equity |
1,459,548 | 1,255,503 | 1,098,786 | 1,069,711 | 1,032,905 | ||||||||||||
Book value per share |
26.77 | 23.07 | 20.21 | 19.72 | 19.08 |
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Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Overview
Mercury General Corporation and its subsidiaries (collectively, the Company) is headquartered in Los Angeles, California and operates primarily as a personal automobile insurer selling policies through a network of independent agents and brokers in thirteen states. The Company also offers homeowners insurance, mechanical breakdown insurance, commercial and dwelling fire insurance, umbrella insurance, commercial automobile and commercial property insurance. Private passenger automobile lines of insurance accounted for approximately 87% of the $2.6 billion of the Companys gross premiums written in 2004, with approximately 76% of the private passenger automobile premiums written in California.
This overview discusses some of the relevant factors that management considers in evaluating the Companys performance, prospects and risks. It is not all-inclusive and is meant to be read in conjunction with the entirety of the management discussion and analysis, the Companys financial statements and notes thereto and all other items contained within this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Economic and Industry Wide Factors
| RegulatoryThe insurance industry is subject to strict state regulation and oversight and is governed by the laws of each state in which each insurance company operates. State regulators generally have substantial power and authority over insurance companies including, in some states, approving rate changes and rating factors and establishing minimum capital and surplus requirements. In many states, the insurance commissioner is an elected office and newly-elected commissioners may emphasize different agendas or interpret existing regulations differently than previous commissioners. In California, the Companys largest market, the current commissioner took office in January 2003. It is uncertain how any regulatory changes implemented by the California insurance commissioner, or the insurance commissioner in any other state in which the Company operates, will be resolved and how it will impact the Companys operations. |
| Cost uncertaintyBecause insurance companies pay claims after premiums are collected, the ultimate cost of an insurance policy is not known until well after the policy revenues are earned. Consequently, significant assumptions are made when establishing insurance rates and loss reserves. While insurance companies use sophisticated models and experienced actuaries to assist in setting rates and establishing loss reserves, there can be no assurance that current rates or current reserve estimates will be adequate. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that insurance regulators will approve rate increases when the Companys actuarial analysis shows that they are needed. |
| InflationThe largest cost component for automobile insurers are losses which include medical costs and replacement automobile parts and labor repair costs. There has recently been significant variation in the overall increases in medical cost inflation and it is often a year or more after the respective fiscal period ends before sufficient claims have closed for the inflation rate to be known with a reasonable degree of certainty. Therefore, it can be difficult to establish reserves and set premium rates, particularly when actual inflation rates are higher or lower than anticipated. The Company currently estimates low single digit inflation rates on bodily injury coverages for its major California personal automobile lines for the 2003 and 2004 accident years. The inflation rate for these accident years is the most difficult to estimate because there remain many open claims. Should actual inflation be higher the Company could be under reserved for its losses and profit margins would be lower. |
| Loss FrequencyAnother component of overall loss costs is loss frequency, which is the number of claims per risks insured. There has been a long-term trend of declining loss frequency in the personal automobile insurance industry, which has benefited the industry as a whole. However, it is unknown if loss frequency in the future will continue to decline, remain flat or increase. |
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| Underwriting Cycle and CompetitionThe property and casualty insurance industry is highly cyclical, with periods of rising premium rates and shortages of underwriting capacity (hard market) followed by periods of substantial price competition and excess capacity (soft market). The Company has historically seen premium growth in excess of 20% during hard markets, whereas premium growth rates during soft markets have historically been in the single digits. Many of the Companys major competitors announced better operating results in 2003 and throughout 2004. This typically signals a softening in the market, and consequently, the Company experienced a decline in the rate of growth of its policies in force in California during 2004. However, this slowing in growth in California was offset by continued growth in recently entered states such as New Jersey. The Company anticipates a further slowing of the growth rate in 2005. |
Revenues, Income and Cash Generation
The Company generates its revenues through the sale of insurance policies, primarily covering personal automobiles and homeowners. These policies are sold through independent agents and brokers who receive a commission on average of 17% of net premiums written for selling and servicing the policies.
The Company believes that it has a more thorough underwriting process which gives the Company an advantage over its competitors. The Company views its broker and agent relationships and underwriting process as one of its primary competitive advantages because it allows the Company to charge lower prices yet realize better margins. See Item 3. Legal Proceedings, and Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Company also generates revenue from its investment portfolio, which was approximately $2.9 billion at the end of 2004. This investment portfolio generated nearly $110 million in pre-tax investment income during 2004. The portfolio is managed by Company personnel with a view towards maximizing after-tax yields and limiting interest rate and credit risk.
The Companys results and growth have allowed it to consistently generate positive cash flow from operations, which was $469 million in 2004. The Companys cash flow from operations has exceeded $100 million every year since 1994 and has been positive for over 20 years. Cash flows from operations has been used to pay shareholder dividends and to help support growth.
Opportunities, Challenges and Risks
The Company currently underwrites personal automobile insurance in thirteen states: nine states entered into in previous years, California, Florida, Texas, Oklahoma, Georgia, Illinois, New York, Virginia and New Jersey, and four states entered during 2004, Arizona, Pennsylvania, Michigan and Nevada. The Company expects to continue its growth by expanding into new states in future years with the objective of achieving greater geographic diversification, so that non-California premiums eventually account for as much as half of the Companys total premiums.
There are, however, challenges and risks involved in entering each new state, including establishing adequate rates without any operating history in the state, working with a new regulatory regime, hiring and training competent personnel, building adequate systems and finding qualified agents to represent the Company. The Company entered four new states during 2004 and believes that it has sufficient expertise to manage these challenges and risks to continue its expansion into additional new states. The Company does not expect to enter into any new states in 2005.
The Company is also subject to risks inherent in its business, which include but are not limited to the following:
| A catastrophe, such as a major wildfire, earthquake or hurricane can cause a significant amount of loss to the Company in a very short period of time. |
| A major regulatory change, could make it more difficult for the Company to generate new business. |
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| A sharp upward increase in market interest rates or an equity market crash could cause a significant loss to the Companys investment portfolio. |
To the extent that it is within the Companys control, the Company seeks to manage these risks in order to mitigate the effect that major events would have on the Companys financial position.
The Company is currently developing a Next Generation (NextGen) computer system to replace its existing legacy systems that currently reside on Hewlett Packard 3000 mainframe computers. The NextGen system is being designed to be a multi-state, multi-line system that is expected to enable the Company to enter new states more rapidly, as well as respond to legislative and regulatory changes more easily than the Companys current system. The NextGen system is in the final stages of development and is expected to be placed in operation during 2005. The NextGen system is expected to cost approximately $20 million and to provide a significant positive benefit to the Company. As with any large scale technology implementation, risks associated with system implementation can occur that could significantly impact the operations of the Company, although management has expended planning and development efforts to mitigate these risks.
General
The operating results of property and casualty insurance companies are subject to significant fluctuations from quarter-to-quarter and from year-to-year due to the effect of competition on pricing, the frequency and severity of losses, including the effect of natural disasters on losses, general economic conditions, the general regulatory environment in those states in which an insurer operates, state regulation of premium rates and other factors such as changes in tax laws. The property and casualty industry has been highly cyclical, with periods of high premium rates and shortages of underwriting capacity followed by periods of severe price competition and excess capacity. These cycles can have a large impact on the ability of the Company to grow and retain business. In managements view, 2003 and 2004 were periods of very good results for companies underwriting automobile insurance. As a result, the automobile insurance market is presently extremely competitive with competitors reducing rates and increasing advertising expenditures. The Company expects this trend to continue in 2005 and consequently expects that the premium growth rate will likely decline from the levels seen in 2004 (17%) and 2003 (22%).
The Company operates primarily in the state of California, which was the only state in which it produced business prior to 1990. The Company has since expanded its operations into the following states: Georgia (1990), Illinois (1990), Oklahoma (1996), Texas (1996), Florida (1998), Virginia (2001), New York (2001) and New Jersey (2003). In 2004, the Company began writing private passenger automobile insurance in Arizona (April), Pennsylvania (June), Michigan (October) and Nevada (December).
During 2004, approximately 76% of the Companys total net premiums written were derived from California as compared to 83% in 2003. The decrease is the result of a greater portion of business written outside of California. The Company has established a diversification goal where by 2008 half of all business will be produced outside of California.
The process for implementing rate changes varies by state, with California, Georgia, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Nevada requiring prior approval from the DOI before a rate can be implemented. Illinois, Texas, Virginia, Arizona and Michigan only require that rates be filed with the DOI, while Oklahoma and Florida have a modified version of prior approval laws. In all states, the insurance code provides that rates must not be excessive, inadequate or unfairly discriminatory.
During 2004, the Company had no rate increases in California and implemented automobile rate increases in only two of the twelve non-California states. The Company believes that its rates will remain competitive in the marketplace. During 2004, the Company continued its marketing efforts for name recognition and lead generation. The Company believes that its marketing effort combined with price and reputation makes the Company very competitive in California. During 2004, the Company incurred approximately $26 million in advertising expense.
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The California Insurance Commissioner (the Commissioner) uses rating factor regulations requiring automobile insurance rates to be determined by (1) driving safety record, (2) miles driven per year, (3) years of driving experience and (4) whatever optional factors are determined by the Commissioner to have a substantial relationship to the risk of loss and adopted by regulation. The regulations further require that each of the four factors be applied in decreasing order of importance.
The Company is participating in technical workshops conducted by the Commissioner to develop evidence regarding two alternatives for changing the way the weighting and relevance of territories is determined in the rate making process. The outcome of this matter is uncertain and the impact to the Company cannot be determined at this time.
Persistency discounts predate the Proposition 103 rate regulations. They represent discounts on policy rates extended to consumers based on the number of consecutive years insurance coverage has existed. In 1990, in response to Proposition 103s allowance of optional rating factors promulgated by the Commissioner, the Commissioner issued regulations permitting persistency as a rating factor under the new rate regulations. No further definition of persistency discount was provided. In 1994, the Commissioner conducted a market conduct examination of the Company, after which he indicated he believed Mercurys persistency discount, then awarded only to consumers serviced by the Companys agents and brokers, was unfairly discriminatory. In response to that examination, in 1995 the Company filed, and secured approval, for a persistency discount awarded to insureds with continuous coverage with any insurerwhat has come to be called portable persistency. This discount was consistently reapproved by the Commissioner until Commissioner Harry Low took the position that only loyalty persistencythat is, the kind of persistency discount the Company awarded prior to 1995was allowable under Proposition 103.
The California DOI required all insurers offering persistency discounts to make class plan filings by January 15, 2003, removing the portability of the persistency discounts. The Companys class plans were never implemented because Senate Bill 841 was enacted during 2003 amending the California Insurance Code to allow insurers to offer products with portable persistency discounts. However, in January 2004, this legislation was overturned through judicial proceedings in the Los Angeles Superior Court. The Company intervened in the original proceedings and expects appellate review of this ruling to be heard in the second quarter of 2005. The outcome of such action is uncertain; however, in the meantime, the Company is allowed to maintain its existing portable persistency discounts. The changes made during the class plan filing indicated that removing persistency discounts is revenue neutral for the Companys existing business. The removal of persistency discounts could have an impact on the Companys price competitiveness in attracting new business and would cause many existing customers rates to change. However, the impact of eliminating persistency discounts, if any, is undeterminable.
On October 20, 2004, the Commissioner proposed regulations which require greater disclosure of the commissions that brokers may receive from insurance companies for selling insurance policies. The proposed regulations are designed to protect consumers from undisclosed commissions and would penalize any broker who places his or her own financial or other interest above that of a client. Under the proposed regulations, brokers and agents would be required to disclose all material facts regarding third party compensation. Brokers would also be required to provide their clients insurance quotes from the best available insurer. The Company believes that this proposed regulation, if enacted, will not have a material impact on its business since the Company is a leading provider of competitively-priced insurance in the California marketplace.
On June 25, 2003, the California State Board of Equalization (SBE) upheld Notices of Proposed Assessments (NPAs) issued against the Company for tax years 1993 through 1996. In these NPAs, the California Franchise Tax Board (FTB) disallowed a portion of the Companys expenses related to management services provided to its insurance company subsidiaries on grounds that such expenses were allocable to the Companys tax-deductible dividends from such subsidiaries. The SBE decision also resulted in a smaller disallowance of the Companys interest expense deductions than was proposed by the FTB in those years. The Company filed a petition for rehearing with the SBE and a rehearing was granted. The rehearing is expected to be held in the spring of 2005.
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The Company believes that the deduction of the expenses related to management services provided to its insurance company subsidiaries is meritorious and that this is further supported by the SBEs decision to grant a rehearing on the matter. The potential net liability on the franchise tax issues in 1993 through 1996, after federal tax benefit, amounts to approximately $9 million. The Company has established a tax liability of approximately $1 million for the issues related to these tax years.
On September 29, 2004, California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed into law Assembly Bill 263 (AB 263). The law resolves an issue raised by the FTB where they interpreted a legal ruling (Ceridian) to eliminate a dividends received deduction (DRD) taken by insurance companies. AB 263 provides for an 80% DRD for tax years 1997 through 2007 and an 85% DRD for tax years after 2007. The Company intends to refile its 1997 through 2003 tax returns based on the DRD established by AB 263. The tax liability for this item is included in the tax liabilities at December 31, 2004.
The Company is also involved in proceedings incidental to its insurance business. See Item 3. Legal Proceedings, and Note 10 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of the Companys financial statements requires judgment and estimates. The most significant is the estimate of loss reserves as required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 60, Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises (SFAS No. 60) and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies (SFAS No. 5). Estimating loss reserves is a difficult process as there are many factors that can ultimately affect the final settlement of a claim and, therefore, the reserve that is needed. Changes in the regulatory and legal environment, results of litigation, medical costs, the cost of repair materials and labor rates can all impact ultimate claim costs. In addition, time can be a critical part of reserving determinations since the longer the span between the incidence of a loss and the payment or settlement of the claim, the more variable the ultimate settlement amount can be. Accordingly, short-tail claims, such as property damage claims, tend to be more reasonably predictable than long-tail liability claims. Inflation is reflected in the reserving process through analysis of cost trends and reviews of historical reserving results.
The Company performs its own loss reserve analysis and also engages the services of an independent actuary to assist in the estimation of loss reserves. The Company and the actuary do not calculate a range of loss reserve estimates but rather calculate a point estimate. Management reviews the underlying factors and assumptions that serve as the basis for preparing the reserve estimate. These include paid and incurred loss development factors, expected average costs per claim, inflation trends, expected loss ratios, industry data and other relevant information. At December 31, 2004, the Company recorded its point estimate of approximately $901 million in loss and loss adjustment expense reserves which includes approximately $259 million of incurred but not reported (IBNR) loss reserves. IBNR includes estimates, based upon past experience, of ultimate developed costs which may differ from case estimates, unreported claims which occurred on or prior to December 31, 2004 and estimated future payments for reopened-claims reserves. Management believes that the liability for losses and loss adjustment expenses is adequate to cover the ultimate net cost of losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred to date. Since the provisions are necessarily based upon estimates, the ultimate liability may be more or less than such provision.
The Companys loss reserves estimated at December 31, 2003 produced a redundancy of $58 million which was reflected in the financial statements as a reduction to the 2004 calendar year incurred losses. The Company attributes most of this redundancy to a change in the inflation rate assumptions used to establish reserves on the bodily injury coverage for California private passenger automobile insurance on the 2002 and 2003 accident years.
At year-end 2003, the Company had assumed bodily injury severity inflation on California private passenger automobile insurance of 9% on the 2001 accident year, 6% on the 2002 accident year and 7% on the 2003 accident year. At year-end 2004, these assumptions were reduced to 8% for 2001, 1% for 2002 and 1% for 2003. The Company reduced the inflation rate assumptions based on factors that emerged during 2004 including moderating to decreasing average amounts paid on closed claims in the 2003 and 2004 accident years and increased certainty in reserve amounts that comes through the passage of time as more claims from an accident period are closed.
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The change in these inflation assumptions accounted for approximately $41 million of the decrease in the expected ultimate loss on the reserves established at December 31, 2003. Each percentage point change in the inflation rate assumption accounts for approximately $2.5 million of the redundancy on the 2002 accident year losses and approximately $5 million on the 2003 accident year losses. The effect is greater on the latter accident year because the lowering of the rate for accident year 2002 has a compounding effect on accident year 2003.
The remainder of the redundancy primarily occurred in the Companys California homeowners line of business and Florida personal automobile line of business. California homeowners had approximately $6 million in reserve redundancy and Florida personal automobile had approximately $8 million in reserve redundancy.
At December 31, 2004, the Company assumed bodily injury inflation rates of approximately 1% on the 2002, 2003 and 2004 accident years for the California automobile lines of business. The Company estimates that each percentage point change in the inflation rate assumption would impact these accident years by approximately $2.5 million individually with a compounding effect if adjusted for multiple accident years. For example, if all years were changed by 1%, 2002 would be affected by $2.5 million, 2003 by $5 million and 2004 by $7.5 million for a total of approximately $15 million.
The Company complies with the SFAS No. 60 definition of how insurance enterprises should recognize revenue on insurance policies written. The Companys insurance premiums are recognized as income ratably over the term of the policies, that is, in proportion to the amount of insurance protection provided. Unearned premiums are carried as a liability on the balance sheet and are computed on a monthly pro-rata basis. The Company evaluates its unearned premiums periodically for premium deficiencies by comparing the sum of expected claim costs, unamortized acquisition costs and maintenance costs to related unearned premiums. To the extent that any of the Companys lines of business become substantially unprofitable, then a premium deficiency reserve may be required. The Company does not expect this to occur on any of its significant lines of business.
The Company carries its fixed maturity and equity investments at market value as required for securities classified as Available for Sale by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities (SFAS No. 115). In most cases, market valuations were drawn from trade data sources. In no case were any valuations made by the Companys management. Equity holdings, including non-sinking fund preferred stocks, are, with minor exceptions, actively traded on national exchanges, and were valued at the last transaction price on the balance sheet date. The Company constantly evaluates its investments for other than temporary declines and writes them off as realized losses through the Statement of Income, as required by SFAS No. 115, when recovery of the net book value appears doubtful. Temporary unrealized investment gains and losses are credited or charged directly to shareholders equity as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable taxes. It is possible that future information will become available about the Companys current investments that would require accounting for them as realized losses due to other than temporary declines in value. The financial statement effect would be to move the unrealized loss from accumulated other comprehensive income on the Balance Sheet to realized investment losses on the Statement of Income.
The Company may have certain known and unknown potential liabilities that are evaluated using the criteria established by SFAS No. 5. These include claims, assessments or lawsuits incidental to our business. The Company continually evaluates these potential liabilities and accrues for them or discloses them in the financial statement footnotes if they meet the requirements stated in SFAS No. 5. While it is not possible to know with certainty the ultimate outcome of contingent liabilities, management does not expect them to have a material effect on the consolidated operations or financial position.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations (SFAS No. 141) and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (SFAS No. 142) became effective January 1, 2002. SFAS No. 141 requires companies to apply the purchase method of accounting for all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 and prohibits the use of the pooling-of-
29
interest method. SFAS No. 142 changes the method by which companies may recognize intangible assets in purchase business combinations and generally requires identifiable intangible assets to be recognized separately from goodwill. In addition, it eliminates the amortization of all existing and newly acquired goodwill on a prospective basis and requires companies to assess goodwill for impairment, at least annually, based on the fair value of the reporting unit.
At December 31, 2004, the Company had on its books approximately $7.3 million in goodwill related to the 1999 acquisition of Concord and approximately $5.2 million of intangible assets with indefinite useful lives related to the MCM acquisition. As required by SFAS No. 142, the Company has assessed these assets and determined that they are not impaired.
Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 2004 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2003
Premiums earned in 2004 of $2,528.6 million increased 17.9% from the corresponding period in 2003. Net premiums written in 2004 of $2,646.7 million increased 16.7% over amounts written in 2003. The premium increases were principally attributable to increased policy sales in the California, Florida and New Jersey automobile lines of business and the California homeowners line of business.
Net premiums written is a non-GAAP financial measure which represents the premiums charged on policies issued during a fiscal period less any reinsurance. Net premiums written is a statutory measure used to determine production levels. Net premiums earned, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, represents the portion of premiums written that are recognized as income in the financial statements for the period presented and earned on a pro-rata basis over the term of the policies. The following is a reconciliation of total Company net premiums written to net premiums earned (000s) for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively:
2004 |
2003 | |||||
Net premiums written |
$ | 2,646,704 | $ | 2,268,778 | ||
Increase in unearned premiums |
118,068 | 123,731 | ||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 2,528,636 | $ | 2,145,047 | ||
The loss ratio (GAAP basis) in 2004 (loss and loss adjustment expenses related to premiums earned) was 62.6% in 2004 compared with 67.7% in 2003. The lower loss ratio is largely attributable to improved loss frequency on automobile claims and California homeowners claims. Automobile loss frequencies can be affected by many factors including seasonal travel, weather and fluctuations in gasoline prices. The Florida hurricanes negatively impacted the 2004 loss ratio by 0.9% compared to the 0.7% negative impact that the Southern California firestorms had on the 2003 loss ratio. Furthermore, positive development on prior accident years reduced the 2004 loss ratio by 2.3% and adverse development on prior accident years increased the 2003 loss ratio by 0.2%.
The expense ratio (GAAP basis) in 2004 (policy acquisition costs and other operating expenses related to premiums earned) was 26.6% compared with 26.3% in 2003. The increase in the expense ratio is primarily due to an increase in advertising expense and profitability related bonuses.
The combined ratio of losses and expenses (GAAP basis) is the key measure of underwriting performance traditionally used in the property and casualty insurance industry. A combined ratio under 100% generally reflects profitable underwriting results; a combined ratio over 100% generally reflects unprofitable underwriting results. The combined ratio of losses and expenses (GAAP basis) was 89.2% in 2004 compared with 94.0% in 2003 which indicates that the Companys underwriting performance contributed $272.5 million to the Companys income before income taxes of $407.8 million during 2004 versus contributing $128.4 million to the Companys income before income tax of $245.8 million in 2003.
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Investment income in 2004 was $109.7 million compared with $104.5 million in 2003. The after-tax yield on average investments of $2,662.2 million (cost basis) was 3.6%, compared with 4.0% on average investments of $2,311.0 million (cost basis) in 2003. The effective tax rate on investment income was 12.6% in 2004, compared to 10.7% in 2003. The higher tax rate in 2004 reflects a shift in the mix of the Companys portfolio from non-taxable to taxable securities. Proceeds from the sale of bonds which matured or were called in 2004 totaled $363.4 million, compared to $442.5 million in 2003. Assuming market interest rates remain the same, the Company expects approximately $583 million of bonds to mature or be called in 2005. The proceeds will be reinvested into securities meeting the Companys investment profile.
Net realized investment gains in 2004 were $25.1 million, compared with net realized gains of $11.2 million in 2003. Included in the net realized investment gains are investment write-downs of $0.9 million in 2004 and $9.1 million in 2003 that the Company considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired.
The income tax provision of $121.6 million in 2004 represented an effective tax rate of 29.8% compared to an effective tax rate of 25.0% in 2003. The higher rate is primarily attributable to an increased proportion of underwriting income taxed at the full corporate rate of 35% in contrast with investment income which includes tax exempt interest and tax sheltered dividend income.
Net income in 2004 was $286.2 million or $5.24 per share (diluted) compared with $184.3 million or $3.38 per share (diluted), in 2003. Diluted per share results are based on 54.6 million average shares in 2004 and 54.5 million average shares in 2003. Basic per share results were $5.25 in 2004 and $3.39 in 2003. Included in net income are net realized investment gains, net of income tax expense, of $0.30 and $0.13 per share (diluted and basic) in 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Year Ended December 31, 2003 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2002
Premiums earned in 2003 of $2,145.0 million increased 23.2% from the corresponding period in 2002. Net premiums written in 2003 of $2,268.8 million increased 21.6% over amounts written in 2002. The premium increases were principally attributable to increased policy sales and rate increases in the California, Florida and Texas automobile lines and the California homeowners insurance lines of business.
Net premiums written is a non-GAAP financial measure which represents the premiums charged on policies issued during a fiscal period less any reinsurance. Net premiums written is a statutory measure used to determine production levels. Net premiums earned, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, represents the portion of premiums written that are recognized as income in the financial statements for the period presented and earned on a pro-rata basis over the term of the policies. The following is a reconciliation of total Company net premiums written to net premiums earned (000s) for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively:
2003 |
2002 | |||||
Net premiums written |
$ | 2,268,778 | $ | 1,865,046 | ||
Increase in unearned premiums |
123,731 | 123,519 | ||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 2,145,047 | $ | 1,741,527 | ||
The loss ratio (GAAP basis) in 2003 (loss and loss adjustment expenses related to premiums earned) was 67.7% in 2003 compared with 72.8% in 2002. The lower loss ratio is largely attributable to rate increases implemented in 2003 and improved loss frequency on automobile claims as well as California homeowners claims. Automobile loss frequencies can be affected by many factors including seasonal travel, weather and fluctuations in gasoline prices. The Southern California firestorms negatively impacted the loss ratio by 0.7% in 2003. Furthermore, adverse development on prior accident years loss reserves increased the 2003 loss ratio by 0.2% and the 2002 loss ratio by 1.5%.
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The expense ratio (GAAP basis) in 2003 (policy acquisition costs and other operating expenses related to premiums earned) was 26.3% compared with 26.0% in 2002. The increase in the expense ratio is primarily due to higher profitability related bonus accruals.
The combined ratio of losses and expenses (GAAP basis) is the key measure of underwriting performance traditionally used in the property and casualty insurance industry. A combined ratio under 100% generally reflects profitable underwriting results; a combined ratio over 100% generally reflects unprofitable underwriting results. The combined ratio of losses and expenses (GAAP basis) was 94.0% in 2003 compared with 98.8% in 2002 which indicates that the Companys underwriting performance contributed $128.4 million to the Companys income before income taxes of $245.8 million during 2003 versus contributing $20.0 million to the Companys income before income tax of $60.7 million in 2002.
Investment income in 2003 was $104.5 million, compared with $113.1 million in 2002. The after-tax yield on average investments of $2,311.0 million (cost basis) was 4.04%, compared with 4.87% on average investments of $2,035.3 million (cost basis) in 2002. The effective tax rate on investment income was 10.7% in 2003, compared to 12.4% in 2002. The lower tax rate in 2003 reflects a shift in the mix of the Companys portfolio from taxable to non-taxable issues. Bonds matured and called in 2003 totaled $442.5 million, compared to $119.5 million in 2002.
Net realized investment gains in 2003 were $11.2 million, compared with net realized losses of $70.4 million in 2002. Included in the net realized investment gains (losses) are investment write-downs of $9.1 million in 2003 and $71.7 million in 2002 that the Company considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired.
The income tax provision of $61.5 million in 2003 represented an effective tax rate of 25.0% which compares with an effective tax rate of 14.7% in 2002 after excluding the effect of net realized investment gains (losses) in both years. The higher rate is primarily attributable to the increased proportion of underwriting income which is taxed at the full corporate rate of 35% in contrast with investment income which includes tax exempt interest and tax sheltered dividend income.
Net income in 2003 was $184.3 million or $3.38 per share (diluted), compared with $66.1 million or $1.21 per share (diluted), in 2002. Diluted per share results are based on 54.5 million average shares in 2003 and 2002. Basic per share results were $3.39 in 2003 and $1.22 in 2002. Included in net income in 2003 are net realized investment gains, net of income tax expense, of $0.13 per share (diluted and basic) which positively impacted the 2003 results compared to net realized investment losses, net of income tax benefit, of $0.84 per share (diluted and basic) which negatively impacted the 2002 results.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Mercury General is largely dependent upon dividends received from its insurance subsidiaries to pay debt service costs and to make distributions to its shareholders. Under current insurance law, the Insurance Companies are entitled to pay, without extraordinary approval, dividends of approximately $235 million in 2005. The actual amount of dividends paid from the Insurance Companies to Mercury General during 2004 was $99 million. As of December 31, 2004, Mercury General also had approximately $31 million in fixed maturity securities, equity securities and cash that can be utilized to satisfy its direct holding company obligations.
The principal sources of funds for the Insurance Companies are premiums, sales and maturity of invested assets and dividend and interest income from invested assets. The principal uses of funds for the Insurance Companies are the payment of claims and related expenses, operating expenses, dividends to Mercury General and the purchase of investments.
Through the Insurance Companies, the Company has generated positive cash flow from operations for over twenty consecutive years and in excess of $100 million every year since 1994. During this same period, the Company has not been required to liquidate any of its fixed maturity investments to settle claims or other liabilities.
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Because of the Companys long track record of positive operating cash flows, it does not attempt to match the duration and timing of asset maturities with those of liabilities. Rather, the Company manages its portfolio with a view towards maximizing total return with an emphasis on after-tax income. Combined with cash and short term investments of $445.1 million at December 31, 2004, the Company believes its cash flows from operations are adequate to satisfy its liquidity requirements without the forced sale of investments. However, the Company operates in a rapidly evolving and often unpredictable business environment that may change the timing or amount of expected future cash receipts and expenditures. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Companys sources of funds will be sufficient to meet its liquidity needs or that the Company will not be required to raise additional funds to meet those needs, including future business expansion, through the sale of equity or debt securities or from credit facilities with lending institutions.
Net cash provided from operating activities in 2004 was $468.7 million, an increase of $24.2 million over the same period in 2003. This increase was primarily due to the growth in premiums reflecting increases in both policy sales and rates partially offset by an increase in loss and loss adjustment expenses paid in 2004. The Company has utilized the cash provided from operating activities primarily to increase its investment in fixed maturity securities, the purchase and development of information technology such as the Next Generation computer system and the payment of dividends to its shareholders. Excess cash was invested in short-term cash investments. Funds derived from the sale, redemption or maturity of fixed maturity investments of $760.2 million, were primarily reinvested by the Company in high grade fixed maturity securities.
The market value of all investments held at market as Available for Sale exceeded amortized cost of $2,796.9 million at December 31, 2004 by $124.2 million. That net unrealized gain, reflected in shareholders equity, net of applicable tax effects, was $80.5 million at December 31, 2004, compared with $84.8 million at December 31, 2003.
At December 31, 2004, the average rating of the $2,237.2 million bond portfolio at market (amortized cost $2,156.9 million) was AA, the same average rating at December 31, 2003. Bond holdings are broadly diversified geographically, within the tax-exempt sector. Holdings in the taxable sector consist principally of investment grade issues. At December 31, 2004, bond holdings rated below investment grade totaled $50.4 million at market (cost $48.1 million) representing 1.7% of total investments. This compares to approximately $52.8 million at market (cost $53.3 million) representing 2% of total investments at December 31, 2003.
The following table sets forth the composition of the investment portfolio of the Company as of December 31, 2004:
Amortized cost |
Market value | |||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||
Fixed maturity securities: |
||||||
U.S. government bonds and agencies |
$ | 153,770 | $ | 153,584 | ||
Municipal bonds |
1,637,514 | 1,715,488 | ||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
253,408 | 250,963 | ||||
Corporate bonds |
112,170 | 117,158 | ||||
Redeemable preferred stock |
8,093 | 8,118 | ||||
$ | 2,164,955 | $ | 2,245,311 | |||
Equity securities: |
||||||
Common Stock: |
||||||
Public utilities |
$ | 74,106 | $ | 102,616 | ||
Banks, trusts and insurance companies |
14,286 | 17,865 | ||||
Industrial and other |
69,096 | 77,590 | ||||
Non-redeemable preferred stock |
53,065 | 56,291 | ||||
$ | 210,553 | $ | 254,362 | |||
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The following table illustrates the gross unrealized losses included in the Companys investment portfolio and the fair value of those securities, aggregated by investment category. The table also illustrates the length of time that they have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2004.
Less than 12 months |
12 months or more |
Total | ||||||||||||||||
Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value | |||||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury Securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
$ | 629 | $ | 103,672 | $ | | $ | | $ | 629 | $ | 103,672 | ||||||
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |
2,202 | 294,441 | 1,945 | 30,322 | 4,147 | 324,763 | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities |
287 | 34,560 | 37 | 4,167 | 324 | 38,727 | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
3,560 | 178,676 | 58 | 3,869 | 3,618 | 182,545 | ||||||||||||
Redeemable preferred stock |
8 | 1,230 | 93 | 1,008 | 101 | 2,238 | ||||||||||||
Subtotal, debt securities |
6,686 | 612,579 | 2,133 | 39,366 | 8,819 | 651,945 | ||||||||||||
Equity securities |
1,554 | 86,640 | 920 | 10,014 | 2,474 | 96,654 | ||||||||||||
Total temporarily impaired securities |
$ | 8,240 | $ | 699,219 | $ | 3,053 | $ | 49,380 | $ | 11,293 | $ | 748,599 | ||||||
The Company monitors its investments closely. If an unrealized loss is determined to be other than temporary it is written off as a realized loss through the Consolidated Statement of Income. The Companys methodology of assessing other-than-temporary impairments is based on security-specific analysis as of the balance sheet date and considers various factors including the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than the cost, the financial condition and the near term prospects of the issuer, whether the debtor is current on its contractually obligated interest and principal payments, and the Companys intent to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow the Company to recover its costs. The Company recognized $0.9 million and $9.1 million in realized losses as other-than-temporary declines to its investment securities during 2004 and 2003, respectively.
At December 31, 2004, the Company had a net unrealized gain on all investments of $124.2 million before income taxes which is comprised of unrealized gains of $135.5 million offset by unrealized losses of $11.3 million. Unrealized losses represent 0.4% of total investments at amortized cost. Of these unrealized losses, approximately $8.8 million relate to fixed maturity investments and the remaining $2.5 million relate to equity securities. Approximately $10.6 million of the unrealized losses are represented by a large number of individual securities with unrealized losses of less than 20% of each securitys amortized cost. Of these, the most significant unrealized losses relate to two municipal bonds with unrealized losses of approximately $0.6 million and $0.4 million, respectively, representing market value declines of 19% and 16% of amortized cost. The remaining $0.7 million represents unrealized losses that exceed 20% of amortized costs. The Company has concluded that the gross unrealized losses of $11.3 million at December 31, 2004 were temporary in nature. However, facts and circumstances may change which could result in a decline in market value considered to be other than temporary.
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The following table presents the aging of pre-tax unrealized losses on investments that exceed 20% of amortized costs as of December 31, 2004:
Aging of Unrealized Losses | ||||||||||||
Amortized Cost |
0-6 Months |
6-12 Months |
Over 12 Months | |||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Fixed Maturities: |
||||||||||||
Investment grade |
| | | | ||||||||
Non-Investment grade |
| | | | ||||||||
Equity securities |
$ | 2,681 | $ | | $ | 435 | $ | 245 | ||||
Aged unrealized losses as a % of amortized cost: |
||||||||||||
Investment grade securities |
||||||||||||
20-50% below amortized cost |
| |||||||||||
Over 50% below amortized cost |
| |||||||||||
Equity securities |
||||||||||||
20-50% below amortized cost |
80% | |||||||||||
Over 50% below amortized cost |
20% |
The unrealized losses of $0.7 million in the table above relate to four equity securities whose individual unrealized losses range from $0.1 million to $0.2 million. Based upon the Companys analysis of these securities which includes third party analyst estimates, the unrealized losses on these equity securities are treated as temporary declines.
During 2004, the Company recognized approximately $26.0 million in net realized gains from the disposal (sale, call or maturity) of securities which is comprised of realized gains of $33.1 million offset by realized losses of $7.1 million. These realized losses were derived from the disposal of securities with a total amortized cost of approximately $207.9 million. Of the total realized losses, approximately $4.5 million relates to securities held as of December 2003 with an average realized loss of approximately $15,000 and no loss on any one individual security exceeding $0.4 million.
On August 7, 2001, the Company completed a public debt offering issuing $125 million of senior notes payable under a $300 million shelf registration filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in July 2001. The notes are unsecured, senior obligations of the Company with a 7.25% annual coupon payable on August 15 and February 15 each year commencing February 15, 2002. These notes mature on August 15, 2011. The Company used the proceeds from the senior notes to retire amounts payable under existing revolving credit facilities, which were terminated. Effective January 2, 2002, the Company entered into an interest rate swap of its fixed rate obligation on the senior notes for a floating rate of LIBOR plus 107 basis points. The swap significantly reduced the interest in 2004 and 2003 when the effective interest rate was 3.3% and 2.2%, respectively. However, if the LIBOR interest rate increases in the future as it did during 2004, the Company will incur higher interest expense in the future. The swap is accounted for as a fair value hedge under SFAS No. 133. See Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Under the Companys stock repurchase program, the Company may purchase over a one-year period up to $200 million of Mercury Generals common stock. The purchases may be made from time to time in the open market at the discretion of management. The program will be funded by dividends received from the Companys insurance subsidiaries that generate cash flow through the sale of lower yielding tax-exempt bonds and internal cash generation. Since the inception of the program in 1998, the Company has purchased 1,266,100 shares of common stock at an average price of $31.36. The shares purchased were retired. No stock has been purchased since 2000.
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The NAIC utilizes a risk-based capital formula for casualty insurance companies which establishes recommended minimum capital requirements that are compared to the Companys actual capital level. The formula was designed to capture the widely varying elements of risks undertaken by writers of different lines of insurance having differing risk characteristics, as well as writers of similar lines where differences in risk may be related to corporate structure, investment policies, reinsurance arrangements and a number of other factors. The Company has calculated the risk-based capital requirements of each of the Insurance Companies as of December 31, 2004. Each of the Insurance Companies policyholders statutory surplus exceeded the highest level of minimum required capital.
The Company has no direct investment in real estate that it does not utilize for operations. In January 2005, the Company completed the acquisition of a 157,000 square foot office building which houses the Companys Eastern Region operations, a portion of which was previously leased by the Company. The purchase price of $24,888,000 included cash in the amount of $13,638,000 and the assumption of a secured promissory note in the amount of $11,250,000.
The Company is currently developing a Next Generation (NextGen) computer system to replace its existing legacy systems that currently reside on Hewlett Packard 3000 mainframe computers. The NextGen system is being designed to be a multi-state, multi-line system that is expected to enable the Company to enter new states more rapidly, as well as respond to legislative and regulatory changes more easily than the Companys current system. The NextGen system is in the final stages of development and is expected to be placed in operation during 2005. The NextGen system is expected to cost approximately $20 million and to provide a significant positive benefit to the Company.
The Company has obligations to make future payments under contracts and credit-related financial instruments and commitments. At December 31, 2004, certain long-term aggregate contractual obligations and credit-related commitments are summarized as follows:
Payments Due by Period | |||||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations |
Total |
Within 1 year |
1-3 years |
4-5 years |
After 5 years | ||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Debt (including interest) |
$ | 188,439 | $ | 9,063 | $ | 27,188 | $ | 18,125 | $ | 134,063 | |||||
Lease Obligations |
25,725 | 6,984 | 12,187 | 5,884 | 670 | ||||||||||
Losses and loss adjustment expense reserves |
900,744 | 583,887 | 278,696 | 26,438 | 11,723 | ||||||||||
Total Contractual Obligations |
$ | 1,114,908 | $ | 599,934 | $ | 318,071 | $ | 50,447 | $ | 146,456 | |||||
Notes to Contractual Obligations Table:
The amount of interest included in the Companys debt obligations was calculated using the fixed rate of 7.25% on the senior notes issued August 2001. The Company is party to an interest rate swap of its fixed rate obligations on its senior notes for a floating rate of six month LIBOR plus 107 basis points. Using the effective annual interest rate of 3.3% in 2004, the total contractual obligations on debt would be $154 million with $4.1 million due within 1 year, $12.4 million due between 1 and 3 years, $8.3 million due in years 4 and 5 and $129.2 million due beyond 5 years. However, interest rates are currently near a 40 year low and are likely to rise in the future.
The Companys outstanding debt contains various terms, conditions and covenants which, if violated by the Company, would result in a default under the debt and could result in the acceleration of the Companys payment obligations thereunder.
Unlike many other forms of contractual obligations, loss and loss adjustment expense (LAE) reserves do not have definitive due dates and the ultimate payment dates are subject to a number of variables and uncertainties. As a result, the total loss and LAE reserve payments to be made by period, as shown above, are estimates.
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In January 2005, the Company acquired a 157,000 square foot office building that houses its Eastern Region operations. The Company paid cash in the amount of $13,638,000 and assumed a secured promissory note in the amount of $11,250,000. Had this acquisition occurred in 2004, the table above would have reflected the following additional Contractual Obligations: Total $13.1 million; Within 1 Year $0.5 million; 1-3 Years $12.6 million.
The Company places all new and renewal earthquake coverage offered with its homeowners policies through the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The Company receives a small fee for placing business with the CEA. Upon the occurrence of a major seismic event, the CEA has the ability to assess participating companies for losses. These assessments are made after CEA capital has been expended and are based upon each companys participation percentage multiplied by the amount of the total assessment. Based upon the most current information provided by the CEA, the Companys maximum total exposure to CEA assessments at April 29, 2004 is approximately $47 million.
Industry and regulatory guidelines suggest that the ratio of a property and casualty insurers annual net premiums written to statutory policyholders surplus should not exceed 3.0 to 1. Based on the combined surplus of all of the Insurance Companies of $1,361.1 million at December 31, 2004, and net premiums written for the twelve months ended on that date of $2,646.7 million, the ratio of premium writings to surplus was approximately 1.9 to 1.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks
The Company is subject to various market risk exposures including interest rate risk and equity price risk. The following disclosure reflects estimates of future performance and economic conditions. Actual results may differ.
The Company invests its assets primarily in fixed maturity investments, which at December 31, 2004 comprised 77% of total investments at market value. Tax-exempt bonds represent 76% of the fixed maturity investments with the remaining amount consisting of sinking fund preferred stocks and taxable bonds. Equity securities account for 9% of total investments at market value. The remaining 14% of the investment portfolio consists of highly liquid short-term investments which are primarily short-term money market funds.
The value of the fixed maturity portfolio is subject to interest rate risk. As market interest rates decrease, the value of the portfolio goes up with the opposite holding true in rising interest rate environments. A common measure of the interest sensitivity of fixed maturity assets is modified duration, a calculation that utilizes maturity, coupon rate, yield and call terms to calculate an average age of the expected cash flows. The longer the duration, the more sensitive the asset is to market interest rate fluctuations.
The Company historically invested in fixed maturity investments with a goal towards maximizing after-tax yields and holding assets to the maturity or call date. Since assets with longer maturity dates tend to produce higher current yields, the Companys historical investment philosophy resulted in a portfolio with a moderate duration. However, due to the current interest rate environment, management has taken steps to reduce the duration of the Companys bond portfolio. Bond investments made by the Company typically have call options attached, which further reduce the duration of the asset as interest rates decline. Consequently, the modified duration of the bond portfolio has declined to 3.2 years at December 31, 2004 compared to 3.8 years and 4.4 years at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Given a hypothetical parallel increase of 100 basis points in interest rates, the fair value of the bond portfolio at December 31, 2004 would decrease by approximately $72 million.
At December 31, 2004, the Companys strategy for common equity investments is an active strategy which focuses on current income with a secondary focus on capital appreciation. The value of the common equity investments consists of $198.1 million in common stocks and $56.3 million in non-sinking fund preferred stocks. The common stock equity assets are typically valued for future economic prospects as perceived by the market. The non-sinking fund preferred stocks are typically valued using credit spreads to U. S. Treasury benchmarks. This causes them to be comparable to fixed income securities in terms of interest rate risk.
37
At December 31, 2004, the duration on the Companys non-sinking fund preferred stock portfolio was 13.3 years. This implies that an upward parallel shift in the yield curve by 100 basis points would reduce the asset value at December 31, 2004 by approximately $7.5 million, everything else remaining the same.
The common equity portfolio, representing approximately 7% of total investments at market value, consists primarily of public utility common stocks. These assets are theoretically defensive in nature and therefore have low volatility to changes in market price as measured by their Beta. Beta is a measure of a securitys systematic (non-diversifiable) risk, which is the percentage change in an individual securitys return for a 1% change in the return of the market. The average Beta for the Companys common stock holdings was 0.76. Based on a hypothetical 20% reduction in the overall value of the stock market, the fair value of the common stock portfolio would decrease by approximately $30 million.
Effective January 2, 2002, the Company entered into an interest rate swap of its fixed rate obligation on its $125 million fixed rate senior notes for a floating rate. The interest rate swap has the effect of hedging the fair value of the senior notes.
New Accounting Standards
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123R, Share-Based Payment (SFAS No. 123R) that will require compensation costs related to share-based payment transactions to be recognized in the financial statements. With limited exceptions, the amount of compensation cost will be measured based on the grant-date fair value of the equity instrument issued. Compensation cost will be recognized over the period that an employee provides service in exchange for the award. SFAS No. 123R replaces Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation and supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees; the principles that the Company currently employs to account and report its employee stock option awards. SFAS No. 123R is effective for the first interim reporting period that begins after June 15, 2005. The Company will implement this standard in the third quarter of 2005. The Company estimates that the impact of implementing this standard will result in an annual decrease in net income of approximately $0.01 per diluted share, which is disclosed in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
There were no other accounting standards issued during 2004 that are expected to have a material impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements.
Forward-looking statements
Certain statements in this report on Form 10-K that are not historical fact constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements may address, among other things, our strategy for growth, business development, regulatory approvals, market position, expenditures, financial results and reserves. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance and are subject to important factors and events that could cause our actual business, prospects and results of operations to differ materially from the historical information contained in this Form 10-K and from those that may be expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, among others: the competition currently existing in the California automobile insurance markets, our success in expanding our business in states outside of California, the impact of potential third party bad-faith legislation, changes in laws or regulations, the outcome of tax position challenges by the California FTB, and decisions of courts, regulators and governmental bodies, particularly in California, our ability to obtain and the timing of the approval of the California Insurance Commissioner for premium rate changes for private passenger automobile policies issued in California and similar rate approvals in other states where we do business, the level of investment yields we are able to obtain with our investments in comparison to recent yields and the market risk associated with our investment portfolio, the cyclical and general competitive nature of the property and casualty insurance industry
38
and general uncertainties regarding loss reserve or other estimates, the accuracy and adequacy of the Companys pricing methodologies, uncertainties related to assumptions and projections generally, inflation and changes in economic conditions, changes in driving patterns and loss trends, acts of war and terrorist activities, court decisions and trends in litigation and health care and auto repair costs, and other uncertainties, and all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. GAAP prescribes when a Company may reserve for particular risks including litigation exposures. Accordingly, results for a given reporting period could be significantly affected if and when a reserve is established for a major contingency. Reported results may therefore appear to be volatile in certain periods. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information or future events or otherwise. Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Form 10-K or, in the case of any document we incorporate by reference, the date of that document. Investors also should understand that it is not possible to predict or identify all factors and should not consider the risks set forth above to be a complete statement of all potential risks and uncertainties. If the expectations or assumptions underlying our forward-looking statements prove inaccurate or if risks or uncertainties arise, actual results could differ materially from those predicted in any forward-looking statements.
Quarterly Data
Summarized quarterly financial data for 2004 and 2003 is as follows (in thousands except per share data):
Quarter Ended | ||||||||||||
March 31 |
June 30 |
Sept. 30 |
Dec. 31 | |||||||||
2004 |
||||||||||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 591,937 | $ | 620,432 | $ | 648,165 | $ | 668,102 | ||||
Income before income taxes |
$ | 96,285 | $ | 111,051 | $ | 88,875 | $ | 111,632 | ||||
Net income |
$ | 68,816 | $ | 78,134 | $ | 65,129 | $ | 74,129 | ||||
Basic earnings per share |
$ | 1.26 | $ | 1.43 | $ | 1.20 | $ | 1.36 | ||||
Diluted earnings per share |
$ | 1.26 | $ | 1.43 | $ | 1.19 | $ | 1.36 | ||||
Dividends declared per share |
$ | .37 | $ | .37 | $ | .37 | $ | .37 | ||||
2003 |
||||||||||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 500,666 | $ | 525,072 | $ | 546,638 | $ | 572,671 | ||||
Income before income taxes |
$ | 54,771 | $ | 57,060 | $ | 67,663 | $ | 66,307 | ||||
Net income |
$ | 42,108 | $ | 43,372 | $ | 49,615 | $ | 49,226 | ||||
Basic earnings per share |
$ | .77 | $ | .80 | $ | .91 | $ | .90 | ||||
Diluted earnings per share |
$ | .77 | $ | .80 | $ | .91 | $ | .90 | ||||
Dividends declared per share |
$ | .33 | $ | .33 | $ | .33 | $ | .33 |
39
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page | ||
41 | ||
Consolidated Financial Statements: |
||
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2004 and 2003 |
43 | |
44 | ||
45 | ||
46 | ||
47 | ||
48 |
40
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors
Mercury General Corporation:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Mercury General Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2004. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Mercury General Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2004, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, based on criteria established in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated March 11, 2005 expressed an unqualified opinion on managements assessment of, and the effective operation of, internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Los Angeles, California
March 11, 2005
41
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors
Mercury General Corporation:
We have audited managements assessment, included in the accompanying Managements Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting as set forth in Item 9a, that Mercury General Corporation maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Mercury General Corporations management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on managements assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating managements assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, managements assessment that Mercury General Corporation maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Also, in our opinion, Mercury General Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Mercury General Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2004, and our report dated March 11, 2005 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Los Angeles, California
March 11, 2005
42
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31,
Amounts expressed in thousands, except share amounts
ASSETS |
||||||
2004 |
2003 | |||||
Investments: |
||||||
Fixed maturities available for sale (amortized cost $2,164,955 in 2004 and $1,856,083 in 2003) |
$ | 2,245,311 | $ | 1,945,309 | ||
Equity securities available for sale (cost $210,553 in 2004 and $223,113 in 2003) |
254,362 | 264,393 | ||||
Short-term cash investments, at cost, which approximates market |
421,369 | 329,812 | ||||
Total investments |
2,921,042 | 2,539,514 | ||||
Cash |
23,714 | 36,964 | ||||
Receivables: |
||||||
Premiums receivable |
284,690 | 231,277 | ||||
Premium notes |
23,702 | 22,620 | ||||
Accrued investment income |
28,855 | 26,585 | ||||
Other |
30,415 | 18,612 | ||||
Total receivables |
367,662 | 299,094 | ||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs |
174,840 | 146,951 | ||||
Fixed assets, net |
88,645 | 79,286 | ||||
Other assets |
33,840 | 17,957 | ||||
Total assets |
$ | 3,609,743 | $ | 3,119,766 | ||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
$ | 900,744 | $ | 797,927 | ||
Unearned premiums |
799,679 | 681,745 | ||||
Notes payable |
124,743 | 124,714 | ||||
Loss drafts payable |
82,245 | 79,960 | ||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
138,836 | 99,389 | ||||
Current income tax |
10,123 | 11,441 | ||||
Deferred income tax |
30,606 | 17,808 | ||||
Other liabilities |
63,219 | 51,279 | ||||
Total liabilities |
2,150,195 | 1,864,263 | ||||
Commitments and contingencies |
||||||
Shareholders equity: |
||||||
Common stock without par value or stated value: |
||||||
Authorized 70,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 54,514,693 shares in 2004 and 54,424,128 in 2003 |
60,206 | 57,453 | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
80,549 | 84,833 | ||||
Retained earnings |
1,318,793 | 1,113,217 | ||||
Total shareholders equity |
1,459,548 | 1,255,503 | ||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ | 3,609,743 | $ | 3,119,766 | ||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
43
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Three years ended December 31,
Amounts expressed in thousands, except per share data
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 2,528,636 | $ | 2,145,047 | $ | 1,741,527 | ||||
Net investment income |
109,681 | 104,520 | 113,083 | |||||||
Net realized investment gains (losses) |
25,065 | 11,207 | (70,412 | ) | ||||||
Other |
4,775 | 4,743 | 2,073 | |||||||
Total revenues |
2,668,157 | 2,265,517 | 1,786,271 | |||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
1,582,254 | 1,452,051 | 1,268,243 | |||||||
Policy acquisition costs |
562,553 | 473,314 | 378,385 | |||||||
Other operating expenses |
111,285 | 91,295 | 74,875 | |||||||
Interest |
4,222 | 3,056 | 4,100 | |||||||
Total expenses |
2,260,314 | 2,019,716 | 1,725,603 | |||||||
Income before income taxes |
407,843 | 245,801 | 60,668 | |||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
121,635 | 61,480 | (5,437 | ) | ||||||
Net income |
$ | 286,208 | $ | 184,321 | $ | 66,105 | ||||
Basic earnings per share |
$ | 5.25 | $ | 3.39 | $ | 1.22 | ||||
Diluted earnings per share |
$ | 5.24 | $ | 3.38 | $ | 1.21 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
44
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Three Years ended December 31,
Amounts expressed in thousands
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 286,208 | $ | 184,321 | $ | 66,105 | ||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax: |
||||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) on securities: |
||||||||||||
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period |
14,127 | 71,502 | (30,623 | ) | ||||||||
Less: reclassification adjustment for net losses (gains) included in net income |
(20,701 | ) | (5,790 | ) | 69,303 | |||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax |
(6,574 | ) | 65,712 | 38,680 | ||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) related to unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period |
4,955 | 25,046 | (10,741 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) related to reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income |
(7,245 | ) | (2,027 | ) | 24,256 | |||||||
Comprehensive income, net of tax |
$ | 281,924 | $ | 227,014 | $ | 91,270 | ||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
45
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
Three years ended December 31,
Amounts expressed in thousands
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
||||||||||
Common stock, beginning of year |
$ | 57,453 | $ | 55,933 | $ | 53,955 | ||||||
Proceeds of stock options exercised |
2,188 | 1,331 | 1,581 | |||||||||
Tax benefit on sales of incentive stock options |
565 | 189 | 389 | |||||||||
Release of common stock by the ESOP |
| | 8 | |||||||||
Common stock, end of year |
60,206 | 57,453 | 55,933 | |||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of year |
84,833 | 42,140 | 16,975 | |||||||||
Net (decrease) increase in other comprehensive income, net of tax |
(4,284 | ) | 42,693 | 25,165 | ||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of year |
80,549 | 84,833 | 42,140 | |||||||||
Unearned ESOP compensation, beginning of year |
| | (1,000 | ) | ||||||||
Amortization of unearned ESOP compensation |
| | 1,000 | |||||||||
Unearned ESOP compensation, end of year |
| | | |||||||||
Retained earnings, beginning of year |
1,113,217 | 1,000,713 | 999,781 | |||||||||
Net income |
286,208 | 184,321 | 66,105 | |||||||||
Dividends paid to shareholders |
(80,632 | ) | (71,817 | ) | (65,173 | ) | ||||||
Retained earnings, end of year |
1,318,793 | 1,113,217 | 1,000,713 | |||||||||
Total shareholders equity |
$ | 1,459,548 | $ | 1,255,503 | $ | 1,098,786 | ||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
46
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Three Years Ended December 31,
Amounts expressed in thousands
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 286,208 | $ | 184,321 | $ | 66,105 | ||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Depreciation |
16,192 | 16,126 | 10,233 | |||||||||
Net realized investment (gains) losses |
(25,065 | ) | (11,207 | ) | 70,412 | |||||||
Bond amortization (accretion), net |
7,797 | 2,883 | (6,982 | ) | ||||||||
Increase in premiums receivable |
(53,413 | ) | (44,831 | ) | (42,834 | ) | ||||||
Increase in premium notes receivable |
(1,082 | ) | (859 | ) | (4,505 | ) | ||||||
(Decrease) increase in reinsurance recoveries |
(8,772 | ) | 2,736 | (955 | ) | |||||||
Increase in deferred policy acquisition costs |
(27,889 | ) | (27,916 | ) | (25,744 | ) | ||||||
Increase in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses |
102,817 | 118,656 | 144,345 | |||||||||
Increase in unearned premiums |
117,934 | 121,096 | 114,929 | |||||||||
Increase in premiums collected in advance |
12,019 | 7,305 | 7,558 | |||||||||
Increase in loss drafts payable |
2,285 | 15,614 | 10,717 | |||||||||
Decrease (increase) in accrued income taxes, excluding deferred tax on change in unrealized gain |
13,698 | 16,601 | (27,003 | ) | ||||||||
Increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses |
39,447 | 38,119 | 14,632 | |||||||||
Other, net |
(13,513 | ) | 5,808 | 11,654 | ||||||||
Net cash provided from operating activities |
468,663 | 444,452 | 342,562 | |||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: |
||||||||||||
Fixed maturities available for sale: |
||||||||||||
Purchases |
(1,076,940 | ) | (854,883 | ) | (480,335 | ) | ||||||
Sales |
396,815 | 122,212 | 327,464 | |||||||||
Calls or maturities |
363,372 | 442,465 | 119,460 | |||||||||
Equity securities available for sale: |
||||||||||||
Purchases |
(247,401 | ) | (217,681 | ) | (207,535 | ) | ||||||
Sales |
278,346 | 228,588 | 216,565 | |||||||||
(Increase) decrease in receivable from securities |
(716 | ) | 6,709 | (1,246 | ) | |||||||
Increase in short-term cash investments |
(91,557 | ) | (43,006 | ) | (214,855 | ) | ||||||
Purchase of fixed assets |
(26,185 | ) | (35,015 | ) | (29,389 | ) | ||||||
Sale of fixed assets |
797 | 1,418 | 2,241 | |||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
$ | (403,469 | ) | $ | (349,193 | ) | $ | (267,630 | ) | |||
Cash flows from financing activities: |
||||||||||||
Net payments under credit arrangements |
$ | | $ | | $ | (1,000 | ) | |||||
Dividends paid to shareholders |
(80,632 | ) | (71,817 | ) | (65,173 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from stock options exercised |
2,188 | 1,331 | 1,581 | |||||||||
Payments on ESOP loan |
| (1,000 | ) | (1,000 | ) | |||||||
Net cash used in financing activities |
(78,444 | ) | (71,486 | ) | (65,592 | ) | ||||||
Net (decrease) increase in cash |
(13,250 | ) | 23,773 | 9,340 | ||||||||
Cash: |
||||||||||||
Beginning of the year |
36,964 | 13,191 | 3,851 | |||||||||
End of the year |
$ | 23,714 | $ | 36,964 | $ | 13,191 | ||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
47
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2004 and 2003
(1) Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation and Presentation
The Company operates as a private passenger automobile insurer selling policies through a network of independent agents and brokers in thirteen states. The Company also offers homeowners insurance, commercial automobile and property insurance, mechanical breakdown insurance, commercial and dwelling fire insurance and umbrella insurance. The private passenger automobile lines of insurance exceeded 87% of the Companys net premiums written in 2004, 2003 and 2002, with approximately 76%, 84% and 86% of the private passenger automobile premiums written in the state of California during 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Mercury General Corporation (the Company) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Mercury Casualty Company, Mercury Insurance Company, California Automobile Insurance Company, California General Underwriters Insurance Company, Inc., Mercury Insurance Company of Georgia, Mercury Insurance Company of Illinois, Mercury Insurance Company of Florida, Mercury Indemnity Company of Georgia, Mercury National Insurance Company (formerly known as Mercury Indemnity Company of Illinois), Mercury Indemnity Company of America (formerly known as Mercury Indemnity Company of Florida), Mercury Insurance Services, LLC (MISLLC), American Mercury Insurance Company (AMIC), Mercury Select Management Company, Inc. (MSMC) (formerly known as AFI Management Company, Inc.), American Mercury Lloyds Insurance Company (AML) and Mercury County Mutual Insurance Company (MCM). American Mercury MGA, Inc. (AMMGA), is a wholly owned subsidiary of AMIC. AML is not owned by the Company, but is controlled by the Company through its attorney-in-fact, MSMC. MCM is not owned by the Company, but is controlled through a management contract and therefore its results are included in the consolidated financial statements. The consolidated financial statements also include Concord Insurance Services, Inc., (Concord) a Texas insurance agency owned by the Company. All of the subsidiaries as a group, including AML and MCM, but excluding MSMC, AMMGA, MISLLC and Concord, are referred to as the Insurance Companies. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) which differ in some respects from those filed in reports to insurance regulatory authorities. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant assumptions in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements relate to loss and loss adjustment expenses. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Investments
Fixed maturities available for sale include those securities that management intends to hold for indefinite periods, but which may be sold in response to changes in interest rates, tax planning considerations or other aspects of asset/liability management. Fixed maturities available for sale, which include bonds and sinking fund preferred stocks, are carried at market. Investments in equity securities, which include common stocks and non-redeemable preferred stocks, are carried at market. Short-term cash investments are carried at cost, which approximates market.
In most cases, the market valuations were drawn from standard trade data sources. In no case were any valuations made by the Companys management. Fixed maturities at amortized cost to first call date are adjusted for anticipated prepayments. Mortgage-backed securities at amortized cost are adjusted for anticipated prepayment
48
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
using the prospective method. Equity holdings, including non-sinking fund preferred stocks, are, with minor exceptions, actively traded on national exchanges and were valued at the last transaction price on the balance sheet date.
Temporary unrealized investment gains and losses on securities available for sale are credited or charged directly to shareholders equity as accumulated other comprehensive income, net of applicable tax effects. When a decline in value of fixed maturities or equity securities is considered other than temporary, a loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of income. Realized gains and losses are included in the consolidated statements of income based upon the specific identification method.
The Company writes covered call options through listed exchanges and over-the-counter. When the Company writes an option, an amount equal to the premium received by the Company is recorded as a liability and is subsequently adjusted to the current fair value of the option written. Premiums received from writing options that expire unexercised are treated by the Company on the expiration date as realized gains from investments. If a call option is exercised, the premium is added to the proceeds from the sale of the underlying security or currency in determining whether the Company has realized a gain or loss. The Company, as writer of an option, bears the market risk of an unfavorable change in the price of the security underlying the written option.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities (SFAS No. 115), the Company categorizes all of its investments in debt and equity securities as available for sale. Accordingly, all investments, including cash and short-term cash investments, are carried on the balance sheet at their fair value. The carrying amounts and fair values for investment securities are disclosed in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and were drawn from standard trade data sources such as market and broker quotes. The carrying value of receivables, accounts payable and other liabilities is equivalent to the estimated fair value of those items. The notes payable are carried at their book value which is calculated as the principal less unamortized discount on the senior debt. The terms of the note are discussed in Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill and other intangible assets represent the excess of the purchase price of acquired businesses over the fair value of net assets acquired using the purchase method of accounting. Included in the Companys consolidated balance sheets are goodwill of $7.3 million and other intangible assets of $5.2 million. The Company adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (SFAS No. 142), as of January 1, 2002. The goodwill and other intangible assets were determined to have an indefinite useful life and in accordance with SFAS No. 142 are not amortized, but tested for impairment annually or more frequently if circumstances indicate potential impairment. The fair values of goodwill and other intangibles are measured annually based upon projected discounted operating cash flows using a market rate of interest to discount the cash flows. No impairment was recorded during the three years ended December 31, 2004.
Premium Income Recognition
Insurance premiums are recognized as income ratably over the term of the policies. Unearned premiums are computed on a monthly pro rata basis. Unearned premiums are stated gross of reinsurance deductions, with the reinsurance deduction recorded in other assets.
49
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
Net premiums written during 2004, 2003 and 2002 were $2,646,704,000, $2,268,778,000 and $1,865,046,000, respectively.
One broker produced direct premiums written of approximately 14%, 16% and 16% of the Companys total direct premiums written during 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. No other agent or broker accounted for more than 2% of direct premiums written.
Premium Notes
Premium notes receivable represent the balance due to the Company from policyholders who elect to finance their premiums over the policy term. The Company requires both a down payment and monthly payments as part of its financing program. Premium finance fees are charged to policyholders who elect to finance premiums. The fees are charged at rates that vary with the amount of premium financed. Premium finance fees are recognized over the term of the premium note based upon the effective yield.
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs
Acquisition costs related to unearned premiums, which consist of commissions, premium taxes and certain other underwriting costs, which vary directly with and are directly related to the production of business, are deferred and amortized to expense ratably over the terms of the policies. Deferred acquisition costs are limited to the amount which will remain after deducting from unearned premiums and anticipated investment income the estimated losses and loss adjustment expenses and the servicing costs that will be incurred as the premiums are earned. The Company does not defer advertising expenses.
Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses
The liability for losses and loss adjustment expenses is based upon the accumulation of individual case estimates for losses reported prior to the close of the accounting period, plus estimates, based upon past experience, of ultimate developed costs which may differ from case estimates and of unreported claims. The liability is stated net of anticipated salvage and subrogation recoveries. The amount of reinsurance recoverable is included in other receivables.
Estimating loss reserves is a difficult process as there are many factors that can ultimately affect the final settlement of a claim and, therefore, the reserve that is needed. Changes in the regulatory and legal environment, results of litigation, medical costs, the cost of repair materials and labor rates can all impact ultimate claim costs. In addition, time can be a critical part of reserving determinations since the longer the span between the incidence of a loss and the payment or settlement of the claim, the more variable the ultimate settlement amount can be. Accordingly, short-tail claims, such as property damage claims, tend to be more reasonably predictable than long-tail liability claims. Management believes that the liability for losses and loss adjustment expenses is adequate to cover the ultimate net cost of losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred to date. Since the provisions are necessarily based upon estimates, the ultimate liability may be more or less than such provisions.
Depreciation
Buildings and furniture and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated over 30-year and 3-year to 10-year periods, respectively, on a combination of straight-line and accelerated methods. Automobiles are depreciated over 5 years, using an accelerated method.
50
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
Earnings per Share
Earnings per share is presented in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, Earnings per Share, which requires presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share for all publicly traded companies. Note 13 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contains the required disclosures which make up the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share.
Segment Reporting
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, establishes standards for the way information about operating segments is reported in financial statements. The Company does not have any operations that require separate disclosure as operating segments.
Income Taxes
The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Companys assets and liabilities and expected benefits of utilizing net operating loss and credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The impact on deferred taxes of changes in tax rates and laws, if any, are applied to the years during which temporary differences are expected to be settled and reflected in the financial statements in the period enacted.
Reinsurance
Liabilities for unearned premiums and unpaid losses are stated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements before deductions for ceded reinsurance. The ceded amounts are immaterial and are carried in other assets and other receivables. Earned premiums are stated net of deductions for ceded reinsurance.
The Insurance Companies, as primary insurers, will be required to pay losses in their entirety in the event that the reinsurers are unable to discharge their obligations under the reinsurance agreements.
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Interest paid during 2004, 2003 and 2002, was $3,329,000, $3,087,000 and $6,435,000, respectively. Income taxes paid were $107,277,000 in 2004, $44,697,000 in 2003 and $21,154,000 in 2002.
The tax benefit realized on stock options exercised and included in cash provided from operations in 2004, 2003 and 2002 was $565,000, $189,000 and $389,000, respectively.
In 2003, notes payable with a discounted value of $4,315,000 were canceled in accordance with terms of a Purchase and Sale Agreement between the Company and Employers Reinsurance Corporation.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year balances to conform to the current year presentation.
51
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation under the accounting methods prescribed by Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, as allowed by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (SFAS No. 123) and amended by SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based CompensationTransition and Disclosure.
The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition of SFAS No. 123:
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands, except per share) | ||||||||||||
Net income, as reported |
$ | 286,208 | $ | 184,321 | $ | 66,105 | ||||||
Deduct: Total stock based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effect |
(549 | ) | (560 | ) | (485 | ) | ||||||
Proforma net income |
$ | 285,659 | $ | 183,761 | $ | 65,620 | ||||||
Earnings per share: |
||||||||||||
Basicas reported |
$ | 5.25 | $ | 3.39 | $ | 1.22 | ||||||
Basicpro forma |
$ | 5.24 | $ | 3.38 | $ | 1.21 | ||||||
Dilutedas reported |
$ | 5.24 | $ | 3.38 | $ | 1.21 | ||||||
Dilutedpro forma |
$ | 5.23 | $ | 3.37 | $ | 1.21 | ||||||
Calculations of the fair value under the method prescribed by SFAS No. 123 were made using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions used for grants in 2004, 2003 and 2002: dividend yield of 2.5 percent in 2004, 2.8 percent in 2003 and 3.2 percent for 2002, expected volatility of 29.4 percent in 2004, 35.0 percent in 2003 and 33.6 percent in 2002 and expected lives of 6 years for all years. The risk-free interest rates used were 3.9 percent for options granted in 2004, 3.2 percent for options granted during 2003 and 4.4 percent for the options granted during 2002.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123R, Share-Based Payment (SFAS No. 123R) that will require compensation costs related to share-based payment transactions to be recognized in the financial statements. With limited exceptions, the amount of compensation cost will be measured based on the grant-date fair value of the equity instrument issued. Compensation cost will be recognized over the period that an employee provides service in exchange for the award. SFAS No. 123R replaces Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation and supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, the principles that the Company currently employs to account and report its employee stock option awards. SFAS No. 123R is effective for the first interim reporting period that begins after June 15, 2005. The Company will implement this standard in the third quarter of 2005. The Company believes that the impact of implementing this standard will result in an annual decrease in net income of approximately $0.01 per diluted share.
52
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
There were no other accounting standards issued during 2004 that are expected to have a material impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements.
(2) Investments and Investment Income
A summary of net investment income is shown in the following table:
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 | |||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | |||||||||
Interest and dividends on fixed maturities |
$ | 95,340 | $ | 87,586 | $ | 95,124 | |||
Dividends on equity securities |
10,963 | 14,752 | 15,478 | ||||||
Interest on short-term cash investments |
4,796 | 3,339 | 2,951 | ||||||
Total investment income |
111,099 | 105,677 | 113,553 | ||||||
Investment expense |
1,418 | 1,157 | 470 | ||||||
Net investment income |
$ | 109,681 | $ | 104,520 | $ | 113,083 | |||
A summary of net realized investment gains (losses) is as follows:
Year ended December 31, |
|||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
|||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||
Net realized investment gains (losses): |
|||||||||||
Fixed maturities |
$ | (82 | ) | $ | 3,198 | $ | (34,550 | ) | |||
Equity securities |
25,147 | 8,009 | (35,862 | ) | |||||||
$ | 25,065 | $ | 11,207 | $ | (70,412 | ) | |||||
Gross gains and losses realized on the sales of investments (excluding calls and other than temporarily impaired securities) are shown below:
Year ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Fixed maturities available for sale: |
||||||||||||
Gross realized gains |
$ | 474 | $ | 4,529 | $ | 11,807 | ||||||
Gross realized losses |
(1,316 | ) | (1,161 | ) | (12,894 | ) | ||||||
Net |
$ | (842 | ) | $ | 3,368 | $ | (1,087 | ) | ||||
Equity securities available for sale: |
||||||||||||
Gross realized gains |
$ | 29,863 | $ | 15,216 | $ | 7,622 | ||||||
Gross realized losses |
(4,259 | ) | (4,128 | ) | (6,561 | ) | ||||||
Net |
$ | 25,604 | $ | 11,088 | $ | 1,061 | ||||||
53
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
A summary of the net increase (decrease) in unrealized investment gains and losses less applicable income tax expense (benefit), is as follows:
Year ended December 31, |
|||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
|||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in net unrealized investment gains and losses: |
|||||||||||
Fixed maturities available for sale |
$ | (8,869 | ) | $ | 22,114 | $ | 40,858 | ||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
(3,104 | ) | 7,740 | 14,300 | |||||||
$ | (5,765 | ) | $ | 14,374 | $ | 26,558 | |||||
Equity securities |
$ | 2,530 | $ | 43,598 | $ | (2,178 | ) | ||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
876 | 15,279 | (785 | ) | |||||||
$ | 1,654 | $ | 28,319 | $ | (1,393 | ) | |||||
Accumulated unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale is as follows:
December 31, |
||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||
Fixed maturities available for sale: |
||||||||
Unrealized gains |
$ | 89,175 | $ | 96,884 | ||||
Unrealized losses |
(8,819 | ) | (7,658 | ) | ||||
Tax effect |
(28,124 | ) | (31,229 | ) | ||||
$ | 52,232 | $ | 57,997 | |||||
Equity securities available for sale: |
||||||||
Unrealized gains |
$ | 46,284 | $ | 43,885 | ||||
Unrealized losses |
(2,474 | ) | (2,605 | ) | ||||
Tax effect |
(15,334 | ) | (14,444 | ) | ||||
$ | 28,476 | $ | 26,836 | |||||
The amortized costs and estimated market values of investments in fixed maturities available for sale as of December 31, 2004 are as follows:
Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
Estimated Market Value | |||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
$ | 153,770 | $ | 446 | $ | 632 | $ | 153,584 | ||||
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |
1,637,514 | 82,121 | 4,147 | 1,715,488 | ||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
253,408 | 1,172 | 3,617 | 250,963 | ||||||||
Corporate securities |
112,170 | 5,311 | 323 | 117,158 | ||||||||
Redeemable preferred stock |
8,093 | 125 | 100 | 8,118 | ||||||||
Totals |
$ | 2,164,955 | $ | 89,175 | $ | 8,819 | $ | 2,245,311 | ||||
54
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
The amortized costs and estimated market values of investments in fixed maturities available for sale as of December 31, 2003 are as follows:
Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
Estimated Market Value | |||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
$ | 96,821 | $ | 654 | $ | 333 | $ | 97,142 | ||||
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |
1,502,974 | 90,674 | 5,250 | 1,588,398 | ||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
161,621 | 1,060 | 1,131 | 161,550 | ||||||||
Corporate securities |
82,207 | 4,162 | 672 | 85,697 | ||||||||
Redeemable preferred stock |
12,460 | 334 | 272 | 12,522 | ||||||||
Totals |
$ | 1,856,083 | $ | 96,884 | $ | 7,658 | $ | 1,945,309 | ||||
The following table illustrates the gross unrealized losses included in the Companys investment portfolio and the fair value of those securities, aggregated by investment category. The table also illustrates the length of time that they have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2004.
Less than 12 months |
12 months or more |
Total | ||||||||||||||||
Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value | |||||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury Securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
$ | 629 | $ | 103,672 | $ | | $ | | $ | 629 | $ | 103,672 | ||||||
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |
2,202 | 294,441 | 1,945 | 30,322 | 4,147 | 324,763 | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities |
287 | 34,560 | 37 | 4,167 | 324 | 38,727 | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
3,560 | 178,676 | 58 | 3,869 | 3,618 | 182,545 | ||||||||||||
Redeemable preferred stock |
8 | 1,230 | 93 | 1,008 | 101 | 2,238 | ||||||||||||
Subtotal, debt securities |
6,686 | 612,579 | 2,133 | 39,366 | 8,819 | 651,945 | ||||||||||||
Equity securities |
1,554 | 86,640 | 920 | 10,014 | 2,474 | 96,654 | ||||||||||||
Total temporarily impaired securities |
$ | 8,240 | $ | 699,219 | $ | 3,053 | $ | 49,380 | $ | 11,293 | $ | 748,599 | ||||||
The Company monitors its investments closely. If an unrealized loss is determined to be other than temporary it is written off as a realized loss through the consolidated statements of income. The Companys methodology of assessing other-than-temporary impairments is based on security-specific analysis as of the balance sheet date and considers various factors including the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than the cost, the financial condition and the near term prospects of the issuer, whether the debtor is current on its contractually obligated interest and principal payments, and the Companys intent to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow the Company to recover its costs.
At December 31, 2004, the Company had a net unrealized gain on all investments of $124.2 million before income taxes which is comprised of unrealized gains of $135.5 million offset by unrealized losses of $11.3 million. Unrealized losses represent 0.4% of total investments at amortized cost. The Companys investment portfolio includes approximately 400 securities in a gross unrealized loss position. Of these unrealized losses, approximately
55
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
$8.8 million relate to fixed maturity investments and the remaining $2.5 million relate to equity securities. Approximately $10.6 million of the unrealized losses are represented by a large number of individual securities with unrealized losses of less than 20% of each securitys amortized cost. Of these, the most significant unrealized losses relate to two municipal bonds with unrealized losses of approximately $0.6 million and $0.4 million, respectively, representing market value declines of 19% and 16% of amortized cost. The remaining $0.7 million represents unrealized losses that exceed 20% of amortized costs. The Company has concluded that the gross unrealized losses of $11.3 million at December 31, 2004 are temporary in nature. However, facts and circumstances may change which could result in a decline in market value considered to be other than temporary.
At December 31, 2004, bond holdings rated below investment grade were 1.7% of total investments. The average Standard and Poors rating of the bond portfolio was AA. The amortized cost and estimated market value of fixed maturities available for sale at December 31, 2004 by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
Amortized Cost |
Estimated Market Value | |||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||
Fixed maturities available for sale: |
||||||
Due in one year or less |
$ | 72,502 | $ | 72,549 | ||
Due after one year through five years |
175,691 | 177,909 | ||||
Due after five years through ten years |
486,972 | 506,740 | ||||
Due after ten years |
1,176,382 | 1,237,150 | ||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
253,408 | 250,963 | ||||
$ | 2,164,955 | $ | 2,245,311 | |||
(3) Fixed Assets
A summary of fixed assets follows:
December 31, |
||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||
Land |
$ | 12,232 | $ | 12,308 | ||||
Buildings |
49,782 | 46,362 | ||||||
Furniture and equipment |
110,654 | 90,292 | ||||||
Leasehold improvements |
2,104 | 1,603 | ||||||
174,772 | 150,565 | |||||||
Less accumulated depreciation |
(86,127 | ) | (71,279 | ) | ||||
Net fixed assets |
$ | 88,645 | $ | 79,286 | ||||
56
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
(4) Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs
Policy acquisition costs incurred and amortized are as follows:
Year ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of year |
$ | 146,951 | $ | 119,035 | $ | 93,291 | ||||||
Costs deferred during the year |
590,442 | 501,230 | 404,129 | |||||||||
Amortization charged to expense |
(562,553 | ) | (473,314 | ) | (378,385 | ) | ||||||
Balance, end of year |
$ | 174,840 | $ | 146,951 | $ | 119,035 | ||||||
(5) Notes Payable
The Company had outstanding debt at December 31, 2004 of $124.7 million. The debt consists of the proceeds from an August 7, 2001 public debt offering where the Company issued $125 million of senior notes payable under a $300 million shelf registration filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in July 2001. The notes are unsecured, senior obligations of the Company with a 7.25% annual coupon payable on August 15 and February 15 each year. The notes mature on August 15, 2011. The Company incurred debt issuance costs of approximately $1.3 million, inclusive of underwriters fees. These costs are deferred and then amortized as a component of interest expense over the term of the notes. The notes were issued at a slight discount at 99.723%, making the effective annualized interest rate including debt issuance costs approximately 7.44%. At December 31, 2004, the book value of the debt was $124.7 million and the fair market value was $141.3 million based upon quotations received from securities dealers.
Effective January 2, 2002, the Company entered into an interest rate swap of its fixed rate obligation on the senior notes for a floating rate of LIBOR plus 107 basis points. The swap agreement terminates on August 15, 2011 and includes an early termination option exercisable by either party on the fifth anniversary or each subsequent anniversary by providing sufficient notice, as defined. The swap significantly reduced interest expense in 2002, 2003 and 2004, but does expose the Company to higher interest expense in future periods, should LIBOR rates increase. The effective annualized interest rate in 2004 was 3.3%. The swap is accounted for as a fair value hedge under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.
57
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
(6) Income Taxes
The Company and its subsidiaries file a consolidated Federal income tax return. The provision for income tax expense (benefit) consists of the following components:
Year ended December 31, |
||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||
Federal |
||||||||||
Current |
$ | 101,259 | $ | 49,299 | $ | 23,593 | ||||
Deferred |
9,916 | 11,606 | (29,271 | ) | ||||||
$ | 111,175 | $ | 60,905 | $ | (5,678 | ) | ||||
State |
||||||||||
Current |
$ | 5,257 | $ | 374 | $ | 237 | ||||
Deferred |
5,203 | 201 | 4 | |||||||
$ | 10,460 | $ | 575 | $ | 241 | |||||
Total |
||||||||||
Current |
$ | 106,516 | $ | 49,673 | $ | 23,830 | ||||
Deferred |
15,119 | 11,807 | (29,267 | ) | ||||||
Total |
$ | 121,635 | $ | 61,480 | $ | (5,437 | ) | |||
The income tax provision reflected in the consolidated statements of income is less than the expected federal income tax on income before income taxes as shown in the table below:
Year ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Computed tax expense at 35% |
$ | 142,745 | $ | 86,030 | $ | 21,234 | ||||||
Tax-exempt interest income |
(26,288 | ) | (26,967 | ) | (27,656 | ) | ||||||
Dividends received deduction |
(2,509 | ) | (2,734 | ) | (3,065 | ) | ||||||
Reduction of losses incurred deduction for 15% of income on securities purchased after August 7, 1986 |
4,193 | 4,322 | 4,689 | |||||||||
Other, net |
3,494 | 829 | (639 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
$ | 121,635 | $ | 61,480 | $ | (5,437 | ) | |||||
58
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
The temporary differences that give rise to a significant portion of the deferred tax asset (liability) relate to the following:
December 31, |
||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||
Deferred tax assets |
||||||||
20% of net unearned premium |
$ | 59,400 | $ | 47,670 | ||||
Discounting of loss reserves and salvage and subrogation recoverable for tax purposes |
15,681 | 16,957 | ||||||
Write-down of impaired investments |
6,466 | 18,281 | ||||||
Capital loss carryforwards |
3,814 | 838 | ||||||
Other deferred tax assets |
1,830 | 1,409 | ||||||
Total gross deferred tax assets |
87,191 | 85,155 | ||||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
||||||||
Deferred acquisition costs |
(61,194 | ) | (51,433 | ) | ||||
Tax liability on net unrealized gain on securities carried at market value |
(43,363 | ) | (45,673 | ) | ||||
Tax depreciation in excess of book depreciation |
(5,715 | ) | (169 | ) | ||||
Accretion on bonds |
(447 | ) | (57 | ) | ||||
Undistributed earnings of insurance subsidiaries |
(3,250 | ) | | |||||
Other deferred tax liabilities |
(3,828 | ) | (5,631 | ) | ||||
Total gross deferred tax liabilities |
(117,797 | ) | (102,963 | ) | ||||
Net deferred tax liabilities |
$ | (30,606 | ) | $ | (17,808 | ) | ||
Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent on generating sufficient taxable income prior to their expiration. Although realization is not assured, management believes it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized.
On June 25, 2003, the California State Board of Equalization (SBE) upheld Notices of Proposed Assessments (NPAs) issued against the Company for tax years 1993 through 1996. In these NPAs, the California Franchise Tax Board (FTB) disallowed a portion of the Companys expenses related to management services provided to its insurance company subsidiaries on grounds that such expenses were allocable to the Companys tax-deductible dividends from such subsidiaries. The SBE decision also resulted in a smaller disallowance of the Companys interest expense deductions than was proposed by the FTB in those years. The Company filed a petition for rehearing with the SBE and a rehearing was granted. The rehearing is expected to be held in the spring of 2005.
The Company believes that the deduction of the expenses related to management services provided to its insurance company subsidiaries is meritorious and that this is further supported by the SBEs decision to grant a rehearing on the matter. The potential net liability on the franchise tax issues in 1993 through 1996, after federal tax benefit, amounts to approximately $9 million. The Company has recorded a tax liability of approximately $1 million for the issues related to these tax years.
On September 29, 2004, California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed into law Assembly Bill 263 (AB 263). The law resolves an issue raised by the FTB where they interpreted a legal ruling (Ceridian) to eliminate a dividends received deduction (DRD) taken by insurance companies. AB 263 provides for an 80% DRD for tax
59
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
years 1997 through 2007 and an 85% DRD for tax years after 2007. The Company intends to refile its 1997 through 2003 tax returns based on the DRD established by AB 263. The tax liability for this item is included in the tax liabilities at December 31, 2004.
(7) Reserves for Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses
Activity in the reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses is summarized as follows:
Year ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
||||||||||
(Amounts in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Gross reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses at beginning of year |
$ | 797,927 | $ | 679,271 | $ | 534,926 | ||||||
Less reinsurance recoverable |
(11,771 | ) | (14,382 | ) | (18,334 | ) | ||||||
Net reserves, beginning of year |
786,156 | 664,889 | 516,592 | |||||||||
Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses related to: |
||||||||||||
Current year |
1,640,197 | 1,447,986 | 1,242,060 | |||||||||
Prior years |
(57,943 | ) | 4,065 | 26,183 | ||||||||
Total incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses |
1,582,254 | 1,452,051 | 1,268,243 | |||||||||
Loss and loss adjustment expense payments related to: |
||||||||||||
Current year |
1,020,154 | 892,658 | 759,165 | |||||||||
Prior years |
461,649 | 438,126 | 360,781 | |||||||||
Total payments |
1,481,803 | 1,330,784 | 1,119,946 | |||||||||
Net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses at end of year |
886,607 | 786,156 | 664,889 | |||||||||
Reinsurance recoverable |
14,137 | 11,771 | 14,382 | |||||||||
Gross reserves, end of year |
$ | 900,744 | $ | 797,927 | $ | 679,271 | ||||||
The decrease in the provision for insured events of prior years in 2004 relates largely to a decrease in the estimated inflation rates on the 2002 and 2003 accident years on bodily injury coverage for California automobile insurance. For 2003 and 2002, the increase largely relates to an increase in the ultimate liability for bodily injury, physical damage and collision claims over what was originally estimated. The increases in these claims relate to increased severity over what was originally recorded and are the result of inflationary trends in health care costs, auto parts and body shop labor costs.
During the third quarter of 2004, the state of Florida was ravaged by four hurricanes. The Company estimated that its pre-tax losses resulting from these hurricanes is approximately $22 million. The estimate is based upon the total number of claims reported and the number of unreported claims anticipated as a result of the hurricanes. This compares with the pre-tax losses of approximately $16 million incurred from the California firestorms in 2003.
(8) Dividend Restrictions
The Insurance Companies are subject to the financial capacity guidelines established by their domiciliary states. The payment of dividends from statutory unassigned surplus of the Insurance Companies is restricted, subject to certain statutory limitations. For 2005, the direct insurance subsidiaries of the Company are permitted to
60
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
pay approximately $235 million in dividends to the Company without the prior approval of the Insurance Commissioner of the state of domicile. The above statutory regulations may have the effect of indirectly limiting the ability of the Company to pay dividends. During 2004 and 2003, the Insurance Companies paid dividends to Mercury General Corporation of $99.0 million and $76.0 million, respectively.
(9) Statutory Balances and Accounting Practices
The Insurance Companies prepare their statutory financial statements in accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the various state insurance departments. Prescribed statutory accounting practices include primarily those published as statements of Statutory Accounting Principles by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC), as well as state laws, regulations, and general administrative rules. Permitted statutory accounting practices encompass all accounting practices not so prescribed. As of December 31, 2004, there were no material permitted statutory accounting practices utilized by the Insurance Companies.
The Insurance Companies statutory net income, as reported to regulatory authorities, was $270,466,000, $168,118,000 and $14,792,000 for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The statutory policyholders surplus of the Insurance Companies, as reported to regulatory authorities, as of December 31, 2004 and 2003 was $1,361,072,000 and $1,169,427,000, respectively.
The Company has estimated the risk-based capital requirements of each of the Insurance Companies as of December 31, 2004 according to the formula issued by the NAIC. Each of the Insurance Companies policyholders surplus exceeded the highest level of minimum required capital.
(10) Commitments and Contingencies
The Company is obligated under various noncancellable lease agreements providing for office space and equipment rental that expire at various dates through the year 2012. Total rent expense under these lease agreements was $6,921,000, $6,150,000 and $4,815,000 for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
The annual rental commitments, expressed in thousands, are shown as follows:
Year |
Rent Expense | ||
2005 |
$ | 6,984 | |
2006 |
$ | 6,367 | |
2007 |
$ | 5,820 | |
2008 |
$ | 3,908 | |
2009 |
$ | 1,976 | |
Thereafter |
$ | 670 |
In January 2005, the Company completed the acquisition of a 157,000 square foot office building which houses the Companys Eastern Region operations that the Company previously leased. The purchase price of $24,888,000 includes the assumption of a secured promissory note in the amount of $11,250,000. Under the terms of the note, interest only is payable quarterly at a rate based on LIBOR. The terms of the note also contain restrictions for prepayment which includes penalties for partial or complete prepayment. The note matures on August 1, 2008 at which time the principal and any outstanding interest is due and payable.
61
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
The Company is, from time to time, named as a defendant in various lawsuits incidental to its insurance business. In most of these actions, plaintiffs assert claims for punitive damages, which are not insurable under judicial decisions. The Company has established reserves for lawsuits in cases where the Company is able to estimate its potential exposure and it is probable that the court will rule against the Company. The Company vigorously defends actions against it, unless a reasonable settlement appears appropriate. The Company believes that adverse results, if any, in the actions currently pending should not have a material effect on the Companys operations or financial position.
In Robert Krumme, On Behalf Of The General Public vs. Mercury Insurance Company, Mercury Casualty Company, and California Automobile Insurance Company (Superior Court for the City and County of San Francisco), initially filed June 30, 2000, the plaintiff asserted an unfair trade practices claim under Section 17200 of the California Business and Professions Code. Specifically, the case involves a dispute over the legality of broker fees (generally less than $100 per policy) charged by independent brokers who sell the Companys products to consumers that purchase insurance policies written by the California Companies. The plaintiff asserted that the brokers who sell the Companys products should not charge broker fees and that the Company benefits from these fees and should be liable for them. The plaintiff sought an elimination of the broker fees and restitution of previously paid broker fees. In April 2003, the court ruled that the brokers involved in the suit were in fact agents of the Company; however, the court also held that the Company was not responsible for retroactive restitution. The court issued an injunction on May 16, 2003 that prevents the Company from either (a) selling auto or homeowners insurance through any producer that is not appointed as an agent under Insurance Code, Section 1704, (b) selling auto or homeowners insurance through any producer that charges broker fees and (c) engaging in comparative rate advertising and failing to disclose the possibility that a broker fee may be charged. The Company appealed, which had the effect of staying all but the advertising aspects of the courts injunction. After the trial court decision, the Company changed its comparative rate advertising and now discloses the possibility that broker fees may be charged. In October 2004, the California Court of Appeals upheld the judgment of the trial court and denied the Companys request for rehearing. On January 19, 2005, the California Supreme Court denied the Companys petition to review the decision rendered by the California Court of Appeals.
Following the decision by the California Supreme Court not to review the California Court of Appeals ruling, representatives of the Company held discussions with representatives of the plaintiffs and of the California DOI regarding changes to the Companys business practices that have been or may be implemented in response to the case. As a result of these discussions, a stipulation was filed jointly by the plaintiffs and the company to extend the stay of the trial courts injunction that was in place during the appeals process. The Company filed a Motion to Vacate the trial courts injunction on the basis that the Company has implemented material changes in its relationship with broker-agents. A hearing is scheduled on March 24, 2005 in the Superior Court of the State of California regarding the Companys Motion to Vacate. The Company is unable to estimate the impact, if any, should it be required to appoint its brokers as agents.
In February 2004, the California DOI issued a Notice of Non-Compliance (NNC) to the California Companies based on the trial court ruling in the Robert Krumme litigation. The NNC alleges that the California Companies willfully misrepresented the actual price insurance consumers could expect to pay for insurance by the amount of a one-time fee charged by the consumers insurance broker. The California Companies filed a Notice of Defense which is based on the same grounds that formed the Companys defense in the Robert Krumme case. The administrative proceeding has been stayed at the California DOIs request until a resolution is reached on the Robert Krumme case. Settlement negotiations have commenced in order to resolve the matter including reimbursement of costs to the DOI and the payment of a monetary penalty. No specific discussions have taken place regarding the amount of monetary penalty, except that the DOI has indicated that a monetary penalty would
62
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
be required. The Company is unable to estimate the ultimate amount of the monetary penalty therefore no adjustment for the potential monetary penalty is recorded in the financial statements.
In Kate Steinbeck vs. Mercury Insurance Company, Mercury Casualty Company, and California Automobile Insurance Company (Orange County Superior Court), filed October 7, 2004, the plaintiff alleges that billing service fees charged in connection with installment payments made by insureds constitute premium and that Section 381 of the California Insurance Code bars the charging of premium not specified in the policy. The Complaint states claims for breach of contract, violations of the California Unfair Competition Law, violation of the California Consumer Legal Remedies Act, and common count claims for unjust enrichment and money had and received under this theory. The Complaint also seeks class action status, unspecified damages and restitution, injunctive relief, and unspecified attorneys fees. On January 19, 2005, the Company filed a Demurrer to the Complaint seeking its dismissal with prejudice for failure to state a claim and a Motion to Strike Certain Allegations in the Complaint. The latter motion seeks to strike the class and representative allegations in the Complaint in the event the Demurrer is not sustained with prejudice as to all of the plaintiffs alleged individual causes of actions. The Demurrer and Motion to Strike are currently scheduled to be heard in April 2005. The Company believes that its actions are in compliance with both industry practice and California law and intends to vigorously defend this case. The Company can not predict the ultimate outcome at this stage of the proceedings.
Sam Donabedian, individually, and on behalf of those similarly situated vs. Mercury Insurance Company (Los Angeles Superior Court), filed April 20, 2001, involves a dispute over insurance rates/premiums charged to the plaintiff and the legality of persistency discounts. The action was dismissed when the Companys Demurrer to the plaintiffs First Amended Complaint was sustained without leave to amend. The dismissal of this case was appealed and then overruled by an Appellate Court on the basis that there are factual issues as to whether the persistency discounts as applied comply with the Companys class plan and the California Insurance Code. The California Supreme Court declined to grant review. The plaintiff filed a Second Amended Complaint in December 2004, which specifically alleges that the Company violated California Business and Professional Code 17200 et seq. and California Civil Code Section 1750et seq. and that it breached the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. The Second Amended Complaint seeks relief in the form of an injunction to cease the alleged unfair business acts, notification to policyholders of the alleged acts, unspecified restitution and monetary damages including punitive damages and unspecified attorneys fees and costs. The plaintiff filed a Third Amended Complaint in February 2005 which was substantially the same as the Second Amended Complaint. The Company filed Demurrers to the Amended Complaints. A hearing is scheduled for April 22, 2005. No trial date has been scheduled and the Plaintiff has not filed a motion seeking to certify the putative class. The Company intends to vigorously defend this case. Since the case is in its early stages, the Company is not able to determine the potential outcome of this matter and potential liability exposure.
Dan ODell, individually and on behalf of others similarly situated v. Mercury Insurance Company, Mercury General Corporation (Los Angeles Superior Court), filed July 12, 2002, involves a dispute over whether the Companys use of certain automated database vendors to help determine the value of total loss claims is proper. The plaintiff (along with plaintiffs in other coordinated cases against other insurers) is seeking class certification and unspecified damages for breach of contract and bad faith, including punitive damages, restitution, an injunction preventing us from using valuation software and unspecified attorneys fees and costs. In 2003, the court granted the Companys motion to stay the action pending compliance with a contractual arbitration provision. The arbitration was completed in August 2004 and the award in the Companys favor has been confirmed by the court in January 2005. Based upon the arbitration result and other defenses, the Company intends to challenge the pleadings and seek dismissal. The Company is not able to evaluate the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or to estimate a range of potential loss in the event of an unfavorable outcome at the present time.
63
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
In Marissa Goodman, on her own behalf and on behalf of all others similarly situated v. Mercury Insurance Company (Los Angeles Superior Court), filed June 16, 2002, the plaintiff is challenging the Companys use of certain automated database vendors to assist in valuing claims for medical payments. The plaintiff is seeking to have the case certified as a class action. As with the ODell case above, and the other cases in the coordinated proceedings, plaintiff alleges that these automated databases systematically undervalue medical payment claims to the detriment of insureds. The plaintiff is seeking unspecified actual and punitive damages. Similar lawsuits have been filed against other insurance carriers in the industry. The case has been coordinated with two other similar cases, and also with ten other cases relating to total loss claims. The Company and the other defendants were successful on demurrer. The plaintiffs filed a Second Amended Complaint on June 28, 2004 which was substantially the same as the original complaint. The Company has answered the Second Amended Complaint and will file a Motion for Summary Judgment as to the claims of Ms. Goodman. The Company expects the Motion to be heard in May 2005. The Company is not able to evaluate the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or to estimate a range of potential loss in the event of an unfavorable outcome at the present time. The Company intends to vigorously defend this lawsuit jointly with the other defendants in the coordinated proceedings.
The Company is also involved in proceedings relating to assessments and rulings made by the California Franchise Tax Board. See Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
(11) Profit Sharing Plan
The Company, at the option of the Board of Directors, may make annual contributions to an employee Profit Sharing Plan (the Plan). The contributions are not to exceed the greater of the Companys net income for the plan year or its retained earnings at that date. In addition, the annual contributions may not exceed an amount equal to 15% of the compensation paid or accrued during the year to all participants under the Plan. The annual contribution was $1,700,000, $1,500,000 and $1,500,000 for plan years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
The Plan includes an option for employees to make salary deferrals under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Company matching contributions, at a rate set by the Board of Directors, totaled $2,841,000, $2,235,000 and $2,030,000 for the plan years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
The Plan also includes an employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) that covers substantially all employees. The Board of Directors authorized the Plan to purchase $1 million of the Companys common stock in the open market for allocation to the Plan participants. The Company recognized $1,000,000 as compensation expense in 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
(12) Common Stock
Dividends paid per-share in 2004, 2003 and 2002 were $1.48, $1.32 and $1.20, respectively and dividends paid in total in 2004, 2003 and 2002 were $80,632,000, $71,817,000 and $65,173,000, respectively.
The Company adopted a stock option plan in October 1985 (the 1985 Plan) under which 5,400,000 shares were reserved for issuance. Options granted during 1985 were exercisable immediately. Subsequent options granted become exercisable 20% per year beginning one year from the date granted. All options were granted at the market price on the date of the grant and expire in 10 years.
In May 1995, the Company adopted the 1995 Equity Participation Plan (the 1995 Plan) which succeeds the 1985 Plan. Under the 1995 Plan, 5,400,000 shares of Common Stock are authorized for issuance upon exercise of
64
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
options, stock appreciation rights and other awards, or upon vesting of restricted or deferred stock awards. During 1995, the Company granted incentive stock options under both the 1995 Plan and the 1985 Plan. The options granted become exercisable 20% per year beginning one year from the date granted and were granted at the market price on the date of the grant. The options expire in 10 years. At December 31, 2004 no awards other than options have been granted.
A summary of the status of the Companys plans as of December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 and changes during the years ending on those dates is presented below:
2004 |
2003 |
2002 | |||||||||||||||||||
Shares |
Weighted Average Exercise Price |
Shares |
Weighted Average Exercise Price |
Shares |
Weighted Average Exercise Price | ||||||||||||||||
Outstanding at beginning of year |
547,970 | $ | 32.662 | 582,950 | $ | 31.118 | 580,800 | $ | 27.739 | ||||||||||||
Granted during the year |
54,500 | 51.412 | 32,500 | 39.856 | 87,000 | 41.497 | |||||||||||||||
Exercised during the year |
(90,565 | ) | 24.158 | (62,480 | ) | 21.307 | (84,850 | ) | 18.629 | ||||||||||||
Canceled or expired |
(5,240 | ) | 40.452 | (5,000 | ) | 41.335 | | | |||||||||||||
Outstanding at end of year |
506,665 | 36.118 | 547,970 | 32.662 | 582,950 | 31.118 | |||||||||||||||
Options exercisable at year-end |
320,365 | 331,090 | 313,690 | ||||||||||||||||||
Weighted-average fair value of options granted during the year |
$ | 13.80 | $ | 11.40 | $ | 11.79 |
The following table summarizes information regarding the stock options outstanding at December 31, 2004:
Range of Exercise Prices |
Number Outstanding at 12/31/04 |
Weighted Avg. Remaining Contractual Life |
Weighted Avg. Exercise Price |
Number Exercisable at 12/31/04 |
Weighted Avg. Exercise Price | |||||||
$15.00 to 15.9375 |
25,500 | 0.42 | $ | 15.588 | 25,500 | $ | 15.558 | |||||
$21.75 to 29.77 |
128,240 | 3.77 | 24.641 | 114,840 | 24.422 | |||||||
$31.22 to 48.5314 |
352,925 | 6.84 | 41.772 | 180,025 | 39.572 | |||||||
$15.00 to 48.5314 |
506,665 | 5.74 | 36.118 | 320,365 | 32.232 | |||||||
65
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
December 31, 2004 and 2003
(13) Earnings Per Share
A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the basic and diluted earnings per share calculation is presented below:
2004 |
2003 |
2002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(000s) | (000s) | (000s) | (000s) | (000s) | (000s) | |||||||||||||||||||
Income (Numerator) |
Weighted Shares (Denomi- nator) |
Per-Share Amount |
Income (Numerator) |
Weighted Shares (Denomi- nator) |
Per-Share Amount |
Income (Numerator) |
Weighted Shares (Denomi- nator) |
Per-Share Amount | ||||||||||||||||
Basic EPS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income available to common stockholders |
$ | 286,208 | 54,471 | $ | 5.25 | $ | 184,321 | 54,402 | $ | 3.39 | $ | 66,105 | 54,314 | $ | 1.22 | |||||||||
Effect of dilutive securities: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Options |
| 162 | | 145 | | 188 | ||||||||||||||||||
Diluted EPS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income available to common stockholders after assumed conversions |
$ | 286,208 | 54,633 | $ | 5.24 | $ | 184,321 | 54,547 | $ | 3.38 | $ | 66,105 | 54,502 | $ | 1.21 | |||||||||
The diluted weighted shares excludes incremental shares of 8,000, 133,000 and 8,000 for 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. These shares are excluded due to their antidilutive effect.
66
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Companys reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Companys management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
As required by Securities and Exchange Commission Rule 13a-15(b), the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Companys management, including the Companys Chief Executive Officer and the Companys Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Companys disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on the foregoing, the Companys Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Companys disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in the Companys internal controls over financial reporting during the Companys most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect the Companys internal controls over financial reporting. The Companys process for evaluating controls and procedures is continuous and encompasses constant improvement of the design and effectiveness of established controls and procedures and the remediation of any deficiencies which may be identified during this process.
Managements Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Companys internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Companys management and board of directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.
All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.
The Companys management assessed the effectiveness of the Companys internal controls over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004. In making this assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control Integrated Framework. Based upon its assessment, the Companys management believes that, as of December 31, 2004, the Companys internal control over financial reporting is effective based on these criteria.
The Companys independent auditors have issued an attestation report on managements assessment of the Companys internal control over financial reporting. This report appears on page 42.
Item 9B. Other Information
None.
67
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant
Item 11. Executive Compensation
Item 12. Security ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Information regarding executive officers of the Company is included in Part I. For this and other information called for by Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 reference is made to the Companys definitive proxy statement for its Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be held on May 11, 2005, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after December 31, 2004, and which is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) The following documents are filed as a part of this report:
1. | Financial Statements: The Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2004 are contained herein as listed in the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements on page 40. |
2. | Financial Statement Schedules: |
Title
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Schedule ISummary of InvestmentsOther than Investments in Related Parties
Schedule IICondensed Financial Information of Registrant
Schedule IVReinsurance
All other schedules are omitted as the required information is inapplicable or the information is presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto.
68
3. | Exhibits |
3.1(1) | Articles of Incorporation of the Company, as amended to date. | |
3.2 | By-laws of the Company, as amended to date. | |
4.1(2) | Shareholders Agreement dated as of October 7, 1985 among the Company, George Joseph and Gloria Joseph. | |
4.2(3) | Indenture between the Company and Bank One Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee dated as of June 1, 2001. | |
4.3(4) | Officers Certificate establishing the Companys 7.25% Senior Notes due 2011 as a series of securities under the Indenture dated as of June 1, 2001 between Mercury General Corporation and Bank One Trust Company, N.A. | |
10.1(1) | Form of Agency Contract. | |
10.2(5)* | Profit Sharing Plan, as Amended and Restated as of March 11, 1994. | |
10.3(6)* | Amendment 1994-I to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan. | |
10.4(6)* | Amendment 1994-II to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan. | |
10.5(7)* | Amendment 1996-I to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan. | |
10.6(7)* | Amendment 1997-I to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan. | |
10.7(1)* | Amendment 1998-I to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan. | |
10.8(8)* | Amendment 1999-I and Amendment 1999-II to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan. | |
10.9(11)* | Amendment 2001-I to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan. | |
10.10(12)* | Amendment 2002-1 to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan. | |
10.11(12)* | Amendment 2002-2 to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan. | |
10.12* | Amendment 2003-1 to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan. | |
10.13* | Amendment 2004-1 to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan. | |
10.14(9)* | The 1995 Equity Participation Plan. | |
10.15(7) | Stock Purchase Agreement between Mercury General Corporation as Purchaser and AFC as Seller dated November 15, 1996. | |
10.16(10) | Management agreement effective January 1, 2001 between Mercury Insurance Services LLC and Mercury Casualty Company, Mercury Insurance Company, California Automobile Insurance Company and California General Underwriters Insurance Company. | |
10.17(10) | Management Agreement effective January 1, 2001 between Mercury Insurance Services LLC and American Mercury Insurance Company. | |
10.18(10) | Management Agreement effective January 1, 2001 between Mercury Insurance Services LLC and Mercury Insurance Company of Georgia. | |
10.19(10) | Management Agreement effective January 1, 2001 between Mercury Insurance Services LLC and Mercury Indemnity Company of Georgia. | |
10.20(10) | Management Agreement effective January 1, 2001 between Mercury Insurance Services LLC and Mercury Insurance Company of Illinois. | |
10.21(10) | Management Agreement effective January 1, 2001 between Mercury Insurance Services LLC and Mercury Indemnity Company of Illinois. | |
10.22(11) | Management Agreement effective January 1, 2002 between Mercury Insurance Services LLC and Mercury Insurance Company of Florida and Mercury Indemnity Company of Florida. | |
10.23(13)* | Director Compensation Arrangements. |
69
21.1 | Subsidiaries of the Company. | |
23.1 | Accountants Consent. | |
31.1 | Certification of Registrants Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
31.2 | Certification of Registrants Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
32.1 | Certification of Registrants Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as created by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. This certification is being furnished solely to accompany this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company. | |
32.2 | Certification of Registrants Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as created by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. This certification is being furnished solely to accompany this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company. |
(1) | This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrants Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997, and is incorporated herein by this reference. |
(2) | This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrants Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 33-899, and is incorporated herein by this reference. |
(3) | This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrants Form S-3 filed on June 4, 2001, and is incorporated herein by this reference. |
(4) | This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrants Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2001, and is incorporated herein by this reference. |
(5) | This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrants Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1993, and is incorporated herein by this reference. |
(6) | This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrants Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1994, and is incorporated herein by this reference. |
(7) | This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrants Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996, and is incorporated herein by this reference. |
(8) | This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrants Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1999, and is incorporated herein by this reference. |
(9) | This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrants Form S-8 filed on March 8, 1996, and is incorporated herein by this reference. |
(10) | This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrants Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000, and is incorporated herein by this reference. |
(11) | This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrants Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001, and is incorporated herein by this reference. |
(12) | This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrants Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002, and is incorporated herein by this reference. |
(13) | This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrants Form 8-K filed on February 3, 2005, and is incorporated herein by this reference. |
* | Denotes management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
70
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION | ||
By |
/s/ GEORGE JOSEPH | |
George Joseph Chairman of the Board and Chief |
March 9, 2005
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature |
Title |
Date | ||
/s/ GEORGE JOSEPH George Joseph |
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
March 9, 2005 | ||
/s/ GABRIEL TIRADOR Gabriel Tirador |
President and Chief Operating Officer Director |
March 9, 2005 | ||
/s/ THEODORE R. STALICK Theodore R. Stalick |
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |
March 9, 2005 | ||
/s/ NATHAN BESSIN Nathan Bessin |
Director |
March 9, 2005 | ||
/s/ BRUCE A. BUNNER Bruce A. Bunner |
Director |
March 9, 2005 | ||
/s/ MICHAEL D. CURTIUS Michael D. Curtius |
Director |
March 9, 2005 | ||
/s/ RICHARD E. GRAYSON Richard E. Grayson |
Director |
March 9, 2005 | ||
/s/ CHARLES MCCLUNG Charles McClung |
Director |
March 9, 2005 | ||
/s/ DONALD P. NEWELL Donald P. Newell |
Director |
March 9, 2005 | ||
/s/ DONALD R. SPUEHLER Donald R. Spuehler |
Director |
March 9, 2005 |
71
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors
Mercury General Corporation:
Under date of March 11, 2005 we reported on the consolidated balance sheets of Mercury General Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2004, as contained in the annual report on Form 10-K for the year 2004. In connection with our audits of the aforementioned consolidated financial statements, we also audited the related financial statement schedules as listed under Item 15(a)2. These financial statement schedules are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statement schedules based on our audits.
In our opinion, such financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Los Angeles, California
March 11, 2005
S-1
SCHEDULE I
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION
SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS
OTHER THAN INVESTMENTS IN RELATED PARTIES
December 31, 2004
Type of Investment |
Cost |
Value |
Amount at which shown in the balance sheet | ||||||
Amounts in thousands | |||||||||
Fixed maturities available for sale |
|||||||||
Bonds: |
|||||||||
U.S. Government |
$ | 153,770 | $ | 153,584 | $ | 153,584 | |||
States, municipalities |
1,637,514 | 1,715,488 | 1,715,488 | ||||||
All other corporate bonds |
112,170 | 117,158 | 117,158 | ||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
253,408 | 250,963 | 250,963 | ||||||
Redeemable preferred stock |
8,093 | 8,118 | 8,118 | ||||||
Total fixed maturities available for sale |
2,164,955 | 2,245,311 | 2,245,311 | ||||||
Equity securities: |
|||||||||
Common stocks: |
|||||||||
Public utilities |
74,106 | 102,616 | 102,616 | ||||||
Banks, trust and insurance companies |
14,286 | 17,865 | 17,865 | ||||||
Industrial, miscellaneous and all other |
69,096 | 77,590 | 77,590 | ||||||
Nonredeemable preferred stocks |
53,065 | 56,291 | 56,291 | ||||||
Total equity securities available for sale |
210,553 | 254,362 | 254,362 | ||||||
Short-term investments |
421,369 | 421,369 | |||||||
Total investments |
$ | 2,796,877 | $ | 2,921,042 | |||||
S-2
SCHEDULE I
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION
SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS
OTHER THAN INVESTMENTS IN RELATED PARTIES(Continued)
December 31, 2003
Type of Investment |
Cost |
Value |
Amount at in the | ||||||
Amounts in thousands | |||||||||
Fixed maturities available for sale |
|||||||||
Bonds: |
|||||||||
U.S. Government |
$ | 96,821 | $ | 97,142 | $ | 97,142 | |||
States, municipalities |
1,502,974 | 1,588,398 | 1,588,398 | ||||||
All other corporate bonds |
82,207 | 85,697 | 85,697 | ||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
161,621 | 161,550 | 161,550 | ||||||
Redeemable preferred stock |
12,460 | 12,522 | 12,522 | ||||||
Total fixed maturities available for sale |
1,856,083 | 1,945,309 | 1,945,309 | ||||||
Equity securities: |
|||||||||
Common stocks: |
|||||||||
Public utilities |
63,810 | 78,447 | 78,447 | ||||||
Banks, trust and insurance companies |
5,841 | 7,682 | 7,682 | ||||||
Industrial, miscellaneous and all other |
67,852 | 86,753 | 86,753 | ||||||
Nonredeemable preferred stocks |
85,610 | 91,511 | 91,511 | ||||||
Total equity securities available for sale |
223,113 | 264,393 | 264,393 | ||||||
Short-term investments |
329,812 | 329,812 | |||||||
Total investments |
$ | 2,409,008 | $ | 2,539,514 | |||||
S-3
SCHEDULE II
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
BALANCE SHEETS
December 31,
2004 |
2003 | |||||
Amounts in thousands | ||||||
ASSETS |
||||||
Investments: |
||||||
Fixed maturities available for sale (amortized cost $1,900 in 2004 and $2,162 in 2003) |
$ | 1,999 | $ | 2,304 | ||
Equity securities, available for sale (cost $14,537 in 2004 and $16,206 in 2003) |
16,718 | 20,019 | ||||
Short-term cash investments, at cost, which approximates market |
12,467 | 8,499 | ||||
Investment in subsidiaries |
1,554,925 | 1,343,385 | ||||
Total investments |
1,586,109 | 1,374,207 | ||||
Amounts due from affiliates |
| 139 | ||||
Income taxes |
| 6,074 | ||||
Other assets |
2,129 | 1,465 | ||||
Total assets |
$ | 1,588,238 | $ | 1,381,885 | ||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||
Notes payable |
$ | 124,743 | $ | 124,714 | ||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
1,937 | 1,186 | ||||
Amounts payable to affiliates |
77 | | ||||
Income Taxes |
1,797 | | ||||
Other liabilities |
136 | 482 | ||||
Total liabilities |
128,690 | 126,382 | ||||
Shareholders equity: |
||||||
Common stock |
60,206 | 57,453 | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
80,549 | 84,833 | ||||
Retained earnings |
1,318,793 | 1,113,217 | ||||
Total shareholders equity |
1,459,548 | 1,255,503 | ||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ | 1,588,238 | $ | 1,381,885 | ||
See accompanying notes to condensed financial information.
S-4
SCHEDULE II
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT(Continued)
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Three years ended December 31,
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
||||||||||
Amounts in thousands | ||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||
Net investment income |
$ | 1,451 | $ | 2,097 | $ | 2,698 | ||||||
Other |
3,721 | 876 | (8,865 | ) | ||||||||
Total revenues (expenses) |
5,172 | 2,973 | (6,167 | ) | ||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||
Other operating expenses |
2,502 | 2,490 | 1,945 | |||||||||
Interest |
4,222 | 3,056 | 4,100 | |||||||||
Total expenses |
6,724 | 5,546 | 6,045 | |||||||||
Loss before income taxes and equity in net income of subsidiaries |
(1,552 | ) | (2,573 | ) | (12,212 | ) | ||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
2,590 | (2,276 | ) | (5,114 | ) | |||||||
Loss before equity in net income of subsidiaries |
(4,142 | ) | (297 | ) | (7,098 | ) | ||||||
Equity in net income of subsidiaries |
290,350 | 184,618 | 73,203 | |||||||||
Net income |
$ | 286,208 | $ | 184,321 | $ | 66,105 | ||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed financial information.
S-5
SCHEDULE II
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT(Continued)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Three years ended December 31,
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
||||||||||
Amounts in thousands | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
$ | 629 | $ | (3,985 | ) | $ | 1,798 | |||||
Cash flows from investing activities: |
||||||||||||
Capital contribution to controlled entities |
(22,000 | ) | (11,500 | ) | (8,000 | ) | ||||||
Dividends from subsidiaries |
99,000 | 76,000 | 75,000 | |||||||||
Fixed maturities, at market: |
||||||||||||
Purchases |
| | | |||||||||
Sales |
| 2,860 | | |||||||||
Calls or maturities |
282 | 8 | 3 | |||||||||
Equity securities: |
||||||||||||
Purchases |
(21,252 | ) | (3,619 | ) | (144,107 | ) | ||||||
Sales |
24,901 | 8,595 | 137,414 | |||||||||
Calls |
1,250 | 1,450 | 4,060 | |||||||||
Decrease (increase) in short term cash investments, net |
(3,968 | ) | 754 | 44 | ||||||||
Net cash provided by investing activities |
78,213 | 74,548 | 64,414 | |||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: |
||||||||||||
Net payments under credit arrangements |
| | (1,000 | ) | ||||||||
Dividends paid to shareholders |
(80,632 | ) | (71,817 | ) | (65,173 | ) | ||||||
Stock options exercised |
2,188 | 1,331 | 1,581 | |||||||||
Net decrease of ESOP loan |
| | (1,000 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash used in financing activities |
(78,444 | ) | (70,486 | ) | (65,592 | ) | ||||||
Net increase in cash |
398 | 77 | 620 | |||||||||
Cash: |
||||||||||||
Beginning of the year |
18 | (59 | ) | (679 | ) | |||||||
End of the year |
$ | 416 | $ | 18 | $ | (59 | ) | |||||
See accompanying notes to condensed financial information.
S-6
SCHEDULE II
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT(Continued)
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
December 31, 2004 and 2003
The accompanying condensed financial information should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in this statement.
Dividends Received From Subsidiaries
Dividends of $99,000,000, $76,000,000 and $75,000,000 were received by the Company from its wholly-owned subsidiaries in 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively, and are recorded as a reduction to Investment in Subsidiaries.
Capitalization of Subsidiaries
Capital contributions of $22,000,000 and $11,500,000 were made by the Company to its insurance subsidiaries during 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Statements of Cash Flow
In 2003, notes payable with a discounted value of $4,315,000 was canceled in accordance with terms of a Purchase and Sale Agreement between the Company and Employers Reinsurance Corporation.
S-7
SCHEDULE IV
MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION
REINSURANCE
Three years ended December 31,
Direct amount |
Ceded to other companies |
Assumed |
Net amount | |||||||||
Amounts in thousands | ||||||||||||
Property and Liability insurance earned premiums |
||||||||||||
2004 |
$ | 2,534,307 | $ | 6,743 | $ | 1,072 | $ | 2,528,636 | ||||
2003 |
$ | 2,151,598 | $ | 7,650 | $ | 1,099 | $ | 2,145,047 | ||||
2002 |
$ | 1,748,645 | $ | 8,866 | $ | 1,748 | $ | 1,741,527 |
S-8